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<mods:title>A revision of the " spiny solanums " of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="C7D49D9D3E6882B06800568975C56CA0">A revision of the " spiny solanums " of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Aubriot, Xavier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universite Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systematique et Evolution, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France & The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="26FFEC26E58F336E9732B6EF4531B9B5">Aubriot, Xavier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9708A8BCBEEC2F0D6ED2513841983DCC">Universite Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systematique et Evolution, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France & The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation>The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D2449585EA94C5644893648CE075FAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D2449585EA94C5644893648CE075FAC" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<treatment id="3D2449585EA94C5644893648CE075FAC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195723687" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D2449585EA94C5644893648CE075FAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D2449585EA94C5644893648CE075FAC" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Solanaceae">
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2.
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<taxonomicName authority="L., Cent. Pl. II 10. 1756." authorityName="L., Cent. Pl. II 10. 1756." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">Solanum aethiopicum L., Cent. Pl. II 10. 1756.</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="6063EE71540C0A2330F762D82BD119F5" ID-CoL="6YTRH" authority="L., Cent. Pl. II 10. 1756." authorityName="L., Cent. Pl. II 10. 1756." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">Solanum aethiopicum L., Cent. Pl. II 10. 1756.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Introduced species of Solanum. Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. A habit (Bidault et al. 3627, Gabon) B detail view of a flower (Bidault et al. 3627, Gabon) C detail view of a fruit (Bidault et al. 3627, Gabon). Solanum aethiopicum L. D detail view of a flower (field photograph, unvouchered, in cultivation at Radboud University, Nijmegen) E detail view of fruits (field photograph, unvouchered, in cultivation at the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne). Solanum capsicoides All. F detail view of a flower (Coronado Gonzalez 5457, Nicaragua) G detail view of a fruit (Coronado Gonzalez 5457, Nicaragua). Solanum chrysotrichum Schltdl. H detail of a fertile branch (field photograph, unvouchered, India). Photograph credits: A-C E. Bidault D, E, H S. Knapp F, G I. Coronado Gonzalez." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689698" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 5D, E</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="3171F6ADE51ADA97A986850DB4B8A251" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation id="D4A6C107C83F8F4B9EC2BCFAB11B1E00" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Introduced species of Solanum. Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. A habit (Bidault et al. 3627, Gabon) B detail view of a flower (Bidault et al. 3627, Gabon) C detail view of a fruit (Bidault et al. 3627, Gabon). Solanum aethiopicum L. D detail view of a flower (field photograph, unvouchered, in cultivation at Radboud University, Nijmegen) E detail view of fruits (field photograph, unvouchered, in cultivation at the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne). Solanum capsicoides All. F detail view of a flower (Coronado Gonzalez 5457, Nicaragua) G detail view of a fruit (Coronado Gonzalez 5457, Nicaragua). Solanum chrysotrichum Schltdl. H detail of a fertile branch (field photograph, unvouchered, India). Photograph credits: A-C E. Bidault D, E, H S. Knapp F, G I. Coronado Gonzalez." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689698" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 5D, E</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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<subSubSection id="55449FA249073F36A64F8216501BC65D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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|
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<typeStatus id="12EFE80497A131ECB72FB8E950EA0173">Type</typeStatus>
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.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="J. Burser" country="Ethiopia" location="Ethiopia" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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||||
<collectingCountry name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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<paragraph id="8D1B514959C3A2BB1D7B719CC7166DAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation id="13447165695C7FFD6335F3D6C94AC52E" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="J. Burser" country="Ethiopia" location="Ethiopia" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<collectingCountry id="582B679D2651EBBEE9E4E1840F61C8B6" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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. Sin. loc.,
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||||
<collectorName>J. Burser</collectorName>
|
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<emphasis id="55CF45EDFBB3174E4B332DC30FBF9425" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectorName id="6F31AF98C3305B758D4C419FFA1B79CC">J. Burser</collectorName>
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||||
vol. 9 no. 17
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="37B867A1472314999E4067DD901526A6">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, designated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4108264" author="Hepper, FN" journalOrPublisher="VI. Smithsonian Institution and Amerind Publishing, Washington DC and New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B97" refString="Hepper, FN, Jaeger, PML, 1985. The typification of six Linnaean names in Solanum. Kew Bulletin 40(2): 387-391. https://doi.org/10.2307/4108264" title="The typification of six Linnaean names in Solanum. Kew Bulletin 40 (2): 387 - 391." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4108264" year="1985">Hepper and Jaeger 1985</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="69C1E721BFE993667F477DBA6AD1B3AB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4108264" author="Hepper, FN" journalOrPublisher="VI. Smithsonian Institution and Amerind Publishing, Washington DC and New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B97" refString="Hepper, FN, Jaeger, PML, 1985. The typification of six Linnaean names in Solanum. Kew Bulletin 40(2): 387-391. https://doi.org/10.2307/4108264" title="The typification of six Linnaean names in Solanum. Kew Bulletin 40 (2): 387 - 391." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4108264" year="1985">Hepper and Jaeger 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, pg. 391: UPS)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" author="Vorontsova, MS" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 428" refId="B259" refString="Vorontsova, MS, Knapp, S, 2016. A revision of the "spiny solanums," Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar. Systematic Botany Monographs 99: 1 - 428, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" title="A revision of the " spiny solanums, " Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" volume="99" year="2016">Vorontsova and Knapp (2016</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="873DD46DA6D57A9FF41371663ADA1B73" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2E34A2D41E7BD43D7BE65CACB239356F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="53E0A3F296A4C6522815C93594DE187B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3C53AF308AD7C887EDEA7B9F9545166B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" author="Vorontsova, MS" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 428" refId="B259" refString="Vorontsova, MS, Knapp, S, 2016. A revision of the "spiny solanums," Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar. Systematic Botany Monographs 99: 1 - 428, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" title="A revision of the " spiny solanums, " Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" volume="99" year="2016">Vorontsova and Knapp (2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 49-56); http://www.solanaceaesource.org/solanaceae/solanum-aethiopicum-0.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="941533BD07DA81978D434BDFA5292723" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="316F3E44E1D2E0BEDE00F8F575815419" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="99F7C98EA7452A93729C50376CC691E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
We have recorded
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. aethiopicum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="24307C23325C95250FF3F43A234C1EB2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8670A57DDC875F1F2F7EF8CF8D9AC7A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. aethiopicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from China and India, it is recorded from Sri Lanka (as
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. integrifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="integrifolium">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. integrifolium</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="667A08468F31C4BF9078C0A7BB8B629D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. integrifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="integrifolium">
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<emphasis id="7F8125C991C479129A9BA84F436D127D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. integrifolium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Poir.) by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hepper, FN" editor="Dassanayake, MD" journalOrPublisher="VI. Smithsonian Institution and Amerind Publishing, Washington DC and New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="365 - 409" refId="B96" refString="Hepper, FN, 1987. Solanaceae. In: Dassanayake, MD, Ed., A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon, Vol. VI. Smithsonian Institution and Amerind Publishing, Washington DC and New Delhi: 365 - 409" title="Solanaceae." volumeTitle="A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon, Vol." year="1987">Hepper (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9D1D2E984D372A9EE907C0F2A63CD354" author="Hepper, FN" editor="Dassanayake, MD" journalOrPublisher="VI. Smithsonian Institution and Amerind Publishing, Washington DC and New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="365 - 409" refId="B96" refString="Hepper, FN, 1987. Solanaceae. In: Dassanayake, MD, Ed., A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon, Vol. VI. Smithsonian Institution and Amerind Publishing, Washington DC and New Delhi: 365 - 409" title="Solanaceae." volumeTitle="A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon, Vol." year="1987">Hepper (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; it is a plant from tropical sub-Saharan Africa (native) but is not known in the wild; widely cultivated in South America, Europe, and Asia.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D8E4B7E6960933E33E15EE454235A851" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2315BE8E36834BD6EB0940F83940718B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="906D310B10F2A64258D700BF70541EFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
China. hong qie (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Zhang, Z-Y" journalOrPublisher="National Taiwan University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B280" refString="Zhang, Z-Y, Lu, A, D'Arcy, WG, 1994. Solanaceae. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (Eds) Flora of China. Vol. 17 (Verbenaceae through Solanaceae). Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis." title="Solanaceae. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (Eds) Flora of China. Vol. 17 (Verbenaceae through Solanaceae). Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis." year="1994">Zhang et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F84296E74034746276929C28F0D3CFEF" author="Zhang, Z-Y" journalOrPublisher="National Taiwan University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B280" refString="Zhang, Z-Y, Lu, A, D'Arcy, WG, 1994. Solanaceae. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (Eds) Flora of China. Vol. 17 (Verbenaceae through Solanaceae). Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis." title="Solanaceae. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (Eds) Flora of China. Vol. 17 (Verbenaceae through Solanaceae). Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis." year="1994">Zhang et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum aethiopicum</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5ADD69CE25769254E314882AE847748F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F117D36E113316A1F90F7E11CC11581F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="95D72B6E47AE1F527FE7B42DDBF5E54E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="04CC56C7A7FADD5E79E03F7C67176EC6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D78E04DA2081665AF4EF25D4F1B3C893" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum aethiopicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the scarlet eggplant or gilo. It is sporadically cultivated for its fruits (and possibly leaves) in southwestern China and adjacent India for its edible fruits. Cultivars from tropical Asia are usually glabrescent, with large, ribbed and sometimes flattened berries. It can be easily distinguished from the cultivated brinjal eggplant
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. melongena" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melongena">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melongena</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4488CD8A860EEA17571FB48049000D7E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. melongena" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melongena">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DE7D2572CB23EBE7148B9D1BD081C22A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melongena</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by its smaller white flowers and red or reddish orange mature berries. It could possibly be confused with the widespread
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. violaceum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="violaceum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. violaceum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BED6CFAF652D38A568CBB0ACCF071BB5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. violaceum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="violaceum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="619DA5391426C0CDA26D2636D0680965" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. violaceum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(that is somewhat similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. anguivi" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="anguivi">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. anguivi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="75E10FA4B3DF90790A4ED1B9F38B9742" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. anguivi" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anguivi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5FCF69FD43660F389B0BAD488F8D6EDE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. anguivi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lam., the wild progenitor of
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. aethiopicum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B4B1CF9A02C0E597ED9D25B709EB6837" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A07B8D77BE5D36BBB2249A2A436F3C39" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. aethiopicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" author="Vorontsova, MS" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 428" refId="B259" refString="Vorontsova, MS, Knapp, S, 2016. A revision of the "spiny solanums," Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar. Systematic Botany Monographs 99: 1 - 428, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" title="A revision of the " spiny solanums, " Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" volume="99" year="2016">Vorontsova and Knapp 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="76CC99075EE83C53CF9DD54272596248" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" author="Vorontsova, MS" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 428" refId="B259" refString="Vorontsova, MS, Knapp, S, 2016. A revision of the "spiny solanums," Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar. Systematic Botany Monographs 99: 1 - 428, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" title="A revision of the " spiny solanums, " Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" volume="99" year="2016">Vorontsova and Knapp 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but is more glabrescent than that species, the berries are much larger, and the fruiting pedicels are not as strongly spreading.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689698" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="155BE037D8A13CF248066A2D96635250" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689698" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3FAB217AAA8D06D7994D381C7B317144" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8594A5F5B74B74C65432AEDA3574FA5D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
Introduced species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4A0607D63F2D9524FBB10FDA1FBE7917" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A9EB8261F715636B015B9D52A9C76029" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum aculeatissimum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeatissimum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum aculeatissimum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="023AE93E81EB6FDB6219AE4BB1D2636C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum aculeatissimum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeatissimum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="25709EFD61909A0B237EB21CC0193E6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum aculeatissimum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Jacq.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="499853E2C416AEAB49768DFF8C56EBD2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
habit (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bidault et al. 3627</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="FB891612813410EC7547391FBD992136" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bidault et al. 3627</emphasis>
|
||||
, Gabon)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F7BC3C49F3916186AA311FE9F5CF7B12" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
detail view of a flower (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bidault et al. 3627</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1D5964066938B97E340B503878EE4B35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bidault et al. 3627</emphasis>
|
||||
, Gabon)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1018D090EE476C984C267E43B6774358" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
detail view of a fruit (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bidault et al. 3627</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1C5639B90849F55977E02C9418AEE85C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bidault et al. 3627</emphasis>
|
||||
, Gabon).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum aethiopicum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4A7E505622D651E37CF98A918831397F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum aethiopicum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="92F3B955A44EAB2C2B8FEC1EC1B68904" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum aethiopicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="EB3891ABE4E76687875A3892F3FE7F15" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
detail view of a flower (field photograph, unvouchered, in cultivation at Radboud University, Nijmegen)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="743B14596804F2DE50FE90C13564C40D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
detail view of fruits (field photograph, unvouchered, in cultivation at the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum capsicoides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capsicoides">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum capsicoides</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B213F83DCEB2577E7718A980E0B2CA72" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum capsicoides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capsicoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F34FDA4B9C7CFA4895A0673ED699E58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum capsicoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
All.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4FB063E461F54479D33982218C24A47B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
detail view of a flower (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80604A2CE39421FACB19C3034DAF44C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Coronado
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="73C76C1AA576E6AFB77B7B0D0A75C09A" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5457
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, Nicaragua)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E59D1BC8D54899C02BB8A09AEA019684" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
detail view of a fruit (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C72F0B4429B592B805C38D219C027DFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Coronado
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="34F7D3A087D3CE1A92DDCEDE2D7F8039" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5457
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, Nicaragua).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chrysotrichum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysotrichum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chrysotrichum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5A58477AFBF0906011F72DE2CFEA3A92" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chrysotrichum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysotrichum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2938EB8601A37C86DABD41D35BEA78D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chrysotrichum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Schltdl.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7A7A0822F681FD1D6FCF25F8E0553990" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
detail of a fertile branch (field photograph, unvouchered, India). Photograph credits:
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A73849884BB695C46432E54F6D5FD629" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
E. Bidault
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E, H</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5B09ABC2D52DE2D70D6B751E349F2F72" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E, H</emphasis>
|
||||
S. Knapp
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F, G</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6A564AC3B53918D9557648F8BBC39660" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F, G</emphasis>
|
||||
I. Coronado
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7B3B43C77D867474E688D1BCE677058C" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">See Suppl. materials 1-3.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="91641A65A81EBEB2A454446FF158E9F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6D42654E0A2179BA91F5FC3C95F2F56C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D8FDB6426A348F121FF166519C15BFDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">See Suppl. materials 1-3.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,280 +1,280 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="161777008" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2BA075C8-7EA3-444A-B35F-CE9BA0DC0798" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DAA2F51B5B205102782C5F093C90C0B" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/2BA075C8-7EA3-444A-B35F-CE9BA0DC0798" authority="Salata & Fisher, 2020" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka" status="sp. nov.">Pheidole fisaka</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 79A-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F84" captionText="Figure 84. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole aelloea sp. nov. (A). P. ala sp. nov. (B). P. andapa sp. nov. (C). P. ankerana sp. nov. (D). P. annemariae Forel (E). P. avaratra sp. nov. (F). P. bemarahaensis sp. nov. (G). P. bemarivoensis sp. nov. (H). P. binara sp. nov. (I). P. boribora sp. nov. (J). P. brevipilosa sp. nov. (K). P. curvistriata sp. nov. (L). P. diakritos sp. nov. (M). P. ehazoara sp. nov. (N). P. ensifera Forel (O). P. ferruginea sp. nov. (P). P. fisaka sp. nov. (R). P. fitarata sp. nov. (S). P. glabra sp. nov. (T). P. goavana sp. nov. (U). P. lamperos sp. nov. (W). P. longipilosa sp. nov. (X). P. longispinosa Forel (Y). P. lutea sp. nov. (Z)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373131" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 84R</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 86" captionStartId="F86" captionText="Figure 86. Distribution. Pheidole aelloea sp. nov. (A). P. ala sp. nov. (B). P. andapa sp. nov. (C). P. ankerana sp. nov. (D). P. annemariae Forel (E). P. avaratra sp. nov. (F). P. bemarahaensis sp. nov. (G). P. bemarivoensis sp. nov. (H). P. binara sp. nov. (I). P. boribora sp. nov. (J). P. brevipilosa sp. nov. (K). P. curvistriata sp. nov. (L). P. diakritos sp. nov. (M). P. ehazoara sp. nov. (N). P. ensifera Forel (O). P. ferruginea sp. nov. (P). P. fisaka sp. nov. (R). P. fitarata sp. nov. (S). P. glabra sp. nov. (T). P. goavana sp. nov. (U)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373133" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 86R</figureCitation>
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<treatment id="3DAA2F51B5B205102782C5F093C90C0B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161777008" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2BA075C8-7EA3-444A-B35F-CE9BA0DC0798" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DAA2F51B5B205102782C5F093C90C0B" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="33515FC8FEE2373D92AA2FF4B52D7726" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="9216567B5DC0D31B8ABDF7A1D1BF4ADF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="63DAAFBBBB5492186E1C6CB9AD0CED66" ID-CoL="CML5Q" LSID="http://zoobank.org/2BA075C8-7EA3-444A-B35F-CE9BA0DC0798" authority="Salata & Fisher, 2020" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka" status="sp. nov.">Pheidole fisaka</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7E1B156FFE6F8A2EE5890CAC2DD0337" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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<figureCitation id="F7A7A185AA7F28728B07C87546E21A65" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 79A-F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="02D33B241308BB4E4C83A041C8F65178" captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F84" captionText="Figure 84. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole aelloea sp. nov. (A). P. ala sp. nov. (B). P. andapa sp. nov. (C). P. ankerana sp. nov. (D). P. annemariae Forel (E). P. avaratra sp. nov. (F). P. bemarahaensis sp. nov. (G). P. bemarivoensis sp. nov. (H). P. binara sp. nov. (I). P. boribora sp. nov. (J). P. brevipilosa sp. nov. (K). P. curvistriata sp. nov. (L). P. diakritos sp. nov. (M). P. ehazoara sp. nov. (N). P. ensifera Forel (O). P. ferruginea sp. nov. (P). P. fisaka sp. nov. (R). P. fitarata sp. nov. (S). P. glabra sp. nov. (T). P. goavana sp. nov. (U). P. lamperos sp. nov. (W). P. longipilosa sp. nov. (X). P. longispinosa Forel (Y). P. lutea sp. nov. (Z)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373131" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 84R</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C076000203B1E5365682D825BCE3EE2A" captionStart="Figure 86" captionStartId="F86" captionText="Figure 86. Distribution. Pheidole aelloea sp. nov. (A). P. ala sp. nov. (B). P. andapa sp. nov. (C). P. ankerana sp. nov. (D). P. annemariae Forel (E). P. avaratra sp. nov. (F). P. bemarahaensis sp. nov. (G). P. bemarivoensis sp. nov. (H). P. binara sp. nov. (I). P. boribora sp. nov. (J). P. brevipilosa sp. nov. (K). P. curvistriata sp. nov. (L). P. diakritos sp. nov. (M). P. ehazoara sp. nov. (N). P. ensifera Forel (O). P. ferruginea sp. nov. (P). P. fisaka sp. nov. (R). P. fitarata sp. nov. (S). P. glabra sp. nov. (T). P. goavana sp. nov. (U)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373133" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 86R</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1536337C24BC49DD9CB2F1B16CB4C210" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
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<paragraph id="92ED8C4513A492531A52A12EA93DDBD9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="7D639D0192C098F6BE7DB58A3907C905" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="AA4E6576F2B56E68925019579B20DC72" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A2D9491BE16F577C5258CE66218A5F5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Madagascar. •1 major worker; Toamasina; Ankerana;
|
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.40062" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.40062">-18.40062</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="5660A5C72996EB627F734032134F23A3" degrees="18.40062" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.40062">-18.40062</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48.81311" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.81311">48.81311</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="02DA677F48D157F43C1D968B96D3AF90" degrees="48.81311" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.81311">48.81311</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; alt. 865 m; 17 Jan 2012; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0274930 (CASC).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A5B60C849EA51677BC2A3D3F54A56FB3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B46387360410138D6B463E7301168473" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Madagascar. •1w.; same data as for holotype; BLF27851, CASENT0923180 (CASC).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<subSubSection id="41F6765108077A8D31E5435A235BD199" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="902C0275B4CB74BC8BE560C08F05325F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="3F748E6315AF0415DF200EDEAFB830DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Madagascar. -
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toamasina</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="514B9E347F20387DB9743B5A2F5535F6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toamasina</emphasis>
|
||||
: •1w., 1s.; Ankerana;
|
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.4061" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-18.4061">-18.4061</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DF1D4C98FBA3900C584826BCC24270F8" degrees="18.4061" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-18.4061">-18.4061</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="48.82029" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.82029">48.82029</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D0A03C6264349AE22B3620EAC53FF4D8" degrees="48.82029" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.82029">48.82029</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; alt. 725 m; 16 Jan 2012; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0273490, CASENT0273492 (CASC). •2w., 1m.; Ankerana;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.40829" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.40829">-18.40829</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0BF826DC96A08990263E544C41213780" degrees="18.40829" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.40829">-18.40829</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="48.82107" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.82107">48.82107</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3496FF6FB9BBBABD571ED55498F32D7C" degrees="48.82107" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.82107">48.82107</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; alt. 750 m; 21 Jan 2012; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0275257, CASENT0275258 (CASC). •3w., 1q.; Ankerana;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.4104" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-18.4104">-18.4104</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="72995E31D45251F91481225A99779F88" degrees="18.4104" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-18.4104">-18.4104</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48.8189" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="48.8189">48.8189</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6802CB872D76A1D2C127DF68E7D5CE33" degrees="48.8189" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="48.8189">48.8189</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; alt. 855 m; 27 Jan 2012; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0274031, CASENT0274032, CASENT0274033 (CASC).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D9CDB3B7757D5977089A4968877F7B52" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A53CEA9FAEA2A1EFD199E914E031AA0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E7A1939A96243461E3CE4ECC145ED224" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6C584DB142F6DACCE6468ECBF31C1D5C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC18675BC7920253C085BE67106C4FEB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Small species: HL: 1.01-1.0; HW: 0.99-0.98, WL: 0.8-0.76; head in full-face view sub-rectangular, anterior of eyes straight, posterior of eyes convex; sides of the head with moderately dense, short, erect pilosity; antennal scrobes indistinct and not delimited by carinulae; scrobe surface shiny, foveolate with thick, longitudinal to irregular, and long rugae; inner hypostomal teeth distinct, moderately high, closely spaced, triangular, with rounded apex and wide base; outer hypostomal teeth thinner and narrower than inner hypostomal teeth, dentate; gaster finely shagreened; body yellowish brown.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9A1D56A206361D9A1F8850D328CB374E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1F65C2E074BC296D7EDBA9F164CAEE22" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Head foveolate, genae smooth; promesonotum low, convex, short, with posterior declivity smoothly declining towards propodeum; propodeal spines minute; mesosoma foveolate, lateral sides of pronotum and propodeum with fading sculpture, katepisternum smooth.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers.</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4F0C22CFAE7A0F7FBFF42A769F387256" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2F1EDCD25CBCA01CAE415800DE8F9C5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4974EA9FB0CA41266AA4CACFC8BAFF20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D8603CB464983DC99D3D3A3FF65F9A0F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers.</emphasis>
|
||||
Measurements (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4B537D3EF976D79878D25841B1468F35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 2): HL: 1.01-1.0; HW: 0.99-0.98; SL: 0.44-0.45; EL: 0.13-0.13; WL: 0.8-0.76; PSL: 0.17-0.14; MTL: 0.440.44; PNW: 0.58-0.54; PTW: 0.16-0.14; PPW: 0.39-0.35; CI: 98.5-97.7; SI: 44.5-46.2; PSLI: 17.1-13.6; PPI: 40.6-40.5; PNI: 58.0-55.0; MTI: 44.6-45.3.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6FB05D6CB677D7210F232B62D7934160" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="027E4B3CBA5D5F2531FC3E2753D056F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
In full-face view longer than wide, anterior of eyes straight, posterior of eyes convex; slightly widening posteriorly (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AFAB49474F3832EB20E049CAD8171F8E" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In lateral view sub-rectangular; ventral and dorsal faces relatively flat; dorsal face finely depressed posteriorly, forming shallow, transverse depression between frons and occipital lobes; inner hypostomal teeth visible. Sides of the head with moderately dense, short, erect pilosity; whole head with dense, short, suberect to erect pilosity. Antennal scrobes indistinct and not delimited by carinulae; scrobe surface shiny, foveolate with thick, longitudinal to irregular, and long rugae. Occipital lobes shiny, with thick, irregular rugae, interspaces with distinct, irregular rugulae; frons with moderately dense, thick and longitudinal rugae, interspaces smooth to rugo-foveolate in the posterior part; genae shiny, with dense and thin, irregular rugoreticulation; malar area with thin, longitudinal, dense rugoreticulation. Centre of clypeus shiny and smooth, lateral sides with longitudinal rugulae; median notch present, wide, and shallow; median longitudinal carina absent; lateral longitudinal carinae present. Scape, when laid back, reaching the midlength of head; pilosity suberect (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8C11A528901575708F89F9A850D5C3E2" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Inner hypostomal teeth distinct, moderately high, closely spaced, triangular, with rounded apex and wide base; outer hypostomal teeth thinner and narrower than inner hypostomal teeth, dentate (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F84" captionText="Figure 84. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole aelloea sp. nov. (A). P. ala sp. nov. (B). P. andapa sp. nov. (C). P. ankerana sp. nov. (D). P. annemariae Forel (E). P. avaratra sp. nov. (F). P. bemarahaensis sp. nov. (G). P. bemarivoensis sp. nov. (H). P. binara sp. nov. (I). P. boribora sp. nov. (J). P. brevipilosa sp. nov. (K). P. curvistriata sp. nov. (L). P. diakritos sp. nov. (M). P. ehazoara sp. nov. (N). P. ensifera Forel (O). P. ferruginea sp. nov. (P). P. fisaka sp. nov. (R). P. fitarata sp. nov. (S). P. glabra sp. nov. (T). P. goavana sp. nov. (U). P. lamperos sp. nov. (W). P. longipilosa sp. nov. (X). P. longispinosa Forel (Y). P. lutea sp. nov. (Z)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373131" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">84R</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E77374685B65247025B903DBD1E37859" captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F84" captionText="Figure 84. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole aelloea sp. nov. (A). P. ala sp. nov. (B). P. andapa sp. nov. (C). P. ankerana sp. nov. (D). P. annemariae Forel (E). P. avaratra sp. nov. (F). P. bemarahaensis sp. nov. (G). P. bemarivoensis sp. nov. (H). P. binara sp. nov. (I). P. boribora sp. nov. (J). P. brevipilosa sp. nov. (K). P. curvistriata sp. nov. (L). P. diakritos sp. nov. (M). P. ehazoara sp. nov. (N). P. ensifera Forel (O). P. ferruginea sp. nov. (P). P. fisaka sp. nov. (R). P. fitarata sp. nov. (S). P. glabra sp. nov. (T). P. goavana sp. nov. (U). P. lamperos sp. nov. (W). P. longipilosa sp. nov. (X). P. longispinosa Forel (Y). P. lutea sp. nov. (Z)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373131" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">84R</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="EC1B131F7EF2377974F11AD59708A452" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E1DE5AB00494588285212B090F14912B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
In lateral view, promesonotum low and arched, posterior mesonotum steep, without tubercle-like projections; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove absent; propodeal spines short, triangular, with rounded apex and wide base; humeral area laterally well produced (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1297EA4B88F9A0D0856BEEE4CF1FBD53" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Surface shiny, with fine and moderately dense foveolae and additional rugoreticulation on the lateral sides of propodeum; dorsal surface of promesonotum with fading foveolae; katepisternum smooth. Pilosity moderately dense and long, erect (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3E74A61C902BA20AE27E229CB9B26118" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="46A1855ADDB248CF002188B39BCB0BFE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3522E291F07DD33218047F1F001782B6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Shiny and with fine foveolae; peduncle short, with indistinct horizontal lobes on its basal part; node relatively high, triangular, with rounded apex, in rear view node slightly dorsoventrally concave; pilosity moderately sparse and erect (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="10F3C4E5E4DE2AEB4BE31C73FECC2F1A" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="FDBC042229597020CD8BAB8B5EF784C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FEAABCD2A511671B1B61E3897431B607" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Shiny, finely shagreened; in dorsal view sides with moderately long, acute, and triangular projections; pilosity long, moderately long, and erect (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="544244C428F8C848B4666924C20EF69E" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D544B39F4735275352E8FDA694B4520A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D2E11E7EF649434CB14B3F096C72CDA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Shiny and finely shagreened; pilosity dense, moderately long, and erect (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="10ECD8ADB7EA171118A80413504226E6" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1AC1670355AAEE797D2D2E74D98C0047" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6085675A7CE19FCB871442A11A0B7CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Yellow; frons, occipital lobes; dorsal surface of mesosoma and gaster yellowish brown to brown (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0495D1CB44FF97CC862C40BA07AE7410" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79D, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 79" startId="F79">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 79.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole fisaka</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="51E95D96F0320399197AC3F2DD539B67" doi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 79" startId="F79">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3F07A5B86BA82E9E4406D60E5C3A2D97" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EF75469F7D76AA2C18E4048EB50EF371" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 79.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="955844D29F633A64B496BB41E7C8E6B2" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka">
|
||||
<emphasis id="983D7267FF1009BA1F4F4B559A026038" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole fisaka</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., full-face view (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A880D495DF7D5249183E516942928107" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||||
), profile (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="41CA4E5A0C0428317E6A3B8656555488" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||||
), and dorsal view (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="61ABD88060841AFBEE816B7A99A17DA1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
) of paratype minor worker (CASENT0923180) and full-face view (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="A08B8C8A2CE7C5D2FDFD19EE1677069D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||||
), profile (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6CD7B1B1419F69FC839AEB26715597F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
), and dorsal view (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3BACF2934D66B67CC58581D658400C3A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
) of holotype major worker (CASENT0274930).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers.</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="455F161764F16612366CC29B6114BDE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6301E02C8CEEE15555A4CD5F13C19EEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers.</emphasis>
|
||||
Measurements (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7226EA5108FD4FE3DAD0512E2B13F9F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 2): HL: 0.43-0.43; HW: 0.4-0.39; SL: 0.38-0.37; EL: 0.09-0.08; WL: 0.48-0.48; PSL: 0.07-0.06; MTL: 0.28-0.29; PNW: 0.25-0.25; PTW: 0.06-0.06; PPW: 0.09-0.09; CI: 92.9-91.8; SI: 95.0-93.1; PSLI: 15.2-14.5; PPI: 68.5-63.4; PNI: 62.3-63.9; MTI: 70.5-73.0.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3C7C9710247A28DF31C82652ED2377D5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4114BED1244160386FA109ACDAACA3BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Occipital margin straight or indistinctly concave; occipital carina absent (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E56257BB12C8C36B5618EBABDAB3B2E7" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pilosity moderately dense, short, suberect to erect. Head foveolate; genae smooth. Clypeus foveolate; median longitudinal carina absent; absence of two lateral longitudinal carinae. Scape, when laid back, reaching the posterior head margin; pilosity erect (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79A, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="844625782239F5D0AEC984577667C52F" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79A, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="89C171217267C18E43E4C54CAF182D6A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4A09E4A422C31FC90059519C769E91AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
In lateral view, promesonotum low, convex, short, with posterior declivity smoothly declining towards propodeum; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove indistinct; propodeal spines minute, triangular, with acute apex (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8B32E85ABAB36FB74D9F5AF2D8ABDCDD" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Sculpture foveolate; lateral sides of pronotum and propodeum with fading sculpture; katepisternum smooth. Pilosity moderately sparse, moderately long, and erect (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C89C4CB61CEAD199999C227971C60BF4" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="0FD59D3A6CAC7FD30B50E352E6F4DB29" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F6AE350A86114D9FD1371B9FAF5B37C5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Peduncle very short and thin; with few short, erect setae (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="929910E7ECB8280A209B0074A7492527" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="89A9655C5E839349F144683A9279748F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DBF335C8A43A389BD379E3AE990487C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Short, low and convex; with moderately short, erect setae (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="52B870B0C46EDDC81077617B0D0ADDC6" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="98AEDCE4F64AC26580FCC81E3E2C7DC5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="339C469E6E338060BB4ADFD18CA7CE20" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
With sparse, erect pilosity (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="91FED884A9C37593AC69AB273E05EC1F" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2436001EAD2BAD4576218AD01210E29F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AECEA460FCED83EEC6B2390E2DBA12F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Yellow (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="01E6ACC1D9C5F40D617F3CD864521A75" captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Pheidole fisaka sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923180) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0274930)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373126" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">79C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Malagasy for flat, in reference for shape of the head in major workers.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="085F4D0EF082D559225221970CF4973D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="219F25614A0984BF8939CF63908CF0B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="80EC08E1E9D100EDE921172362DEF0D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Malagasy for flat, in reference for shape of the head in major workers.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species was collected between 725-865 m in elevation, in rainforest. Nests were located in rotten logs.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DDC9294433868465A7ABE512275A8CE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="18CF7825E2B60B4298EA936E58C2B585" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="98E54AB5199A004465F58666E8E0674A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species was collected between 725-865 m in elevation, in rainforest. Nests were located in rotten logs.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole fisaka</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0CE2AF51CE7981C5198E9187F3C97DF5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EDEE700BA9264C9C623DA634D07FFE28" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="972B702C3496602AD5A3F1FB7EDFA24A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6AC436E4425D6CEC7E987E3375B94AEA" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0788EE2F22A3DC0184EDE2C4B12C78C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole fisaka</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. is most similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. binara" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="binara">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. binara</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2633ED04398935E890A3227F5BB5B6FB" lsidName="P. binara" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="binara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="23A9AA69607C25FB034A9C6C45D77E1B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. binara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D619DC280877D4C9EBFD0697C30AFF28" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A8ACBE3AD4405149975008ACDE54E9AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole fisaka</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="07C02687A671F18F254FD44CA154224C" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka">
|
||||
<emphasis id="96448D30B15CF457AB3374FAF87BBFCD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole fisaka</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. binara" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="binara">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. binara</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="34F860D751197228FDF4EFC997BCCD5A" lsidName="P. binara" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="binara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1EC3987D9BDB50B60340747A886DFE1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. binara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. in smooth surface between rugae on frons and katepisternum and fading foveolae on propodeal dorsum.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3CA1F01E18497DE5B01DD15104ADFC71" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F642F0AEDE5718C8196BA45D33297A7D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole fisaka</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8E09D3D197E2BE613E1FA6BDDA18365C" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole fisaka" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisaka">
|
||||
<emphasis id="634CF5D764E5E9E89D2F8201F7BBF1CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole fisaka</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. binara" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="binara">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. binara</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E22E053952F038C772B166C51BBB6C12" lsidName="P. binara" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="binara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6576C72B4647ACCC69E8F49740EB1648" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. binara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. in shorter and more convex promesonotum, and lateral sides of pronotum and propodeum with fading foveolae and smooth katepisternum.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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