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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.956.51592" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b5cb4b83-ae17-48b3-8b26-f0e09c01d152" ID-PMC="PMC7426283" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-956-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="DE73B9FFE81C556285DDAB038D9FF8CB" ID-PubMed="32855600" ID-ZooBank="9B9E6A85D8C94794AC84B4D1965C2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-956-49" checkinTime="1596777994909" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Espeland, Marianne, Sjoeberg, Tin &amp; Johanson, Kjell Arne" docDate="2020" docId="347E46B8CC2D5A6CBA3448FC9401B3BA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 956: 49-162" docOrigin="ZooKeys 956" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.956.51592" docTitle="Agmina tenuisa Espeland &amp; Sjöberg &amp; Johanson 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C5BBC458-D026-4B39-83B5-EECC7236D03C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="DE73B9FFE81C556285DDAB038D9FF8CB" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="DE73B9FFE81C556285DDAB038D9FF8CB" masterDocTitle="Description of 47 new species of the New Caledonian endemic caddisfly genus Agmina Ward &amp; Schefter (Trichoptera, Ecnomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1668169213298" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Description of 47 new species of the New Caledonian endemic caddisfly genus Agmina Ward &amp; Schefter (Trichoptera, Ecnomidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Espeland, Marianne</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Arthropoda Department, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sjoeberg, Tin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Zoology Department, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Johanson, Kjell Arne</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Zoology Department, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1893-3429</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">kjell.arne.johanson@nrm.se</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>956</mods:number>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName LSID="347E46B8-CC2D-5A6C-BA34-48FC9401B3BA" authority="Espeland &amp; Sjöberg &amp; Johanson, 2020" authorityName="Espeland &amp; Sjöberg &amp; Johanson" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Agmina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agmina tenuisa" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuisa" status="sp. nov.">Agmina tenuisa</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="49">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1519" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 15 - 19. Agmina tenuisa sp. nov. male holotype 15 genitalia, left lateral view 16 genitalia, dorsal view 17 genitalia, ventral view 18 phallus, lateral view 19 phallus, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.956.51592.figures15-19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439922" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figs 15-19</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Espeland &amp; Sjöberg &amp; Johanson" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Agmina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agmina tenuisa" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuisa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Agmina tenuisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is distinguished from the other
<taxonomicName authorityName="JB Ward &amp; PW Schefter" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Agmina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agmina" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Agmina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by the presence of a pair of slender superior appendages, each with a long and slightly undulating mesal process reaching as far posteriorly and on the same height as the apex of the superior appendages; and the presence of a pair of parameres, each ending in the superior appendages and angling ventrally with apical part orientated ventrally below the superior appendages. The genitalia of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Espeland &amp; Sjöberg &amp; Johanson" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Agmina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agmina tenuisa" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuisa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Agmina tenuisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. resemble those of
<taxonomicName authorityName="JB Ward &amp; PW Schefter" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Agmina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agmina padi" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="padi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Agmina padi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ward &amp; Schefter, 2000, particularly in the shape of the inferior appendages in lateral view.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Espeland &amp; Sjöberg &amp; Johanson" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Agmina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agmina tenuisa" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuisa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Agmina tenuisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is distinguished from
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. padi" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="padi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A. padi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the more slender superior appendages in lateral view, the ventral branch of the parameres exceeding below the superior appendages, and in ventral view the plate of inferior appendages has no central posterior plate.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.956.51592.figures15-19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439922" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figures 1519" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figures 15-19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Espeland &amp; Sjöberg &amp; Johanson" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Agmina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agmina tenuisa" order="Trichoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuisa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Agmina tenuisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. male holotype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">15</emphasis>
genitalia, left lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">16</emphasis>
genitalia, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">17</emphasis>
genitalia, ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">18</emphasis>
phallus, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">19</emphasis>
phallus, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Tenuisa</emphasis>
, from Latin, meaning slender. Named for the slender superior appendages as seen in lateral view.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Holotype</emphasis>
: New Caledonia -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Province Sud</emphasis>
• ♂; Haute
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yaté">Yate</normalizedToken>
fauna reserve, 1760 m S bridge Pont Perignon, 50 m upstream bridge over stream;
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.14954" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.14954">22.14954S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="166.701211" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="166.70122">166.701211E</geoCoordinate>
; 180 m; 14.xii.2003-13.i.2004; Malaise trap; loc#081; leg. KA Johanson; MNHN.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Paratypes</emphasis>
: New Caledonia -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Province Sud</emphasis>
• 1 ♂; stream crossing way to Sanatorium 2.3 km E St. Laurent, ca. 30 m downstream bridge;
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="04.484" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.074734">22°04.484'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="19.900" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="166.33167">166°19.900'E</geoCoordinate>
; 15.xi.2003; light trap; loc#028; leg. KA Johanson; NHRS; 1 ♂; Koghi Mt., 522 m, source of Riv. Oueanoue;
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="10.327" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.172117">22°10.327'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="30.524" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="166.50873">166°30.524'E</geoCoordinate>
; Malaise trap; 12-16.xi.2001; loc 138 (01-2001); leg. KA Johanson, T Pape &amp; B Viklund; NHRS;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Province Nord</emphasis>
• 1 ♂; Mt
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mé">Me</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amélié">Amelie</normalizedToken>
, River
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fö">Foe</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Töpliba">Toepliba</normalizedToken>
, upstream bridge on rd
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sarraméa-Koh">Sarramea-Koh</normalizedToken>
, at banana plantation;
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="37.940" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-21.632334">21°37.940'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="165" direction="east" minutes="49.619" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="165.82698">165°49.619'E</geoCoordinate>
; loc 144 (14-2001); Malaise trap; 18-21.xi.2001; leg. KA Johanson, T Pape &amp; B Viklund; NHRS.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Measurements.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
Fore wing length 2.9-3.4 mm (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">N</emphasis>
= 4). Total length of genitalia: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Genitalia</emphasis>
: In lateral view, segment IX triangular anteriorly, apex located medially; in ventral view anteriorly U-shaped. Sternal processes, lateral view, with each apex not exceeding posterior margin of tergum X, short, triangular; in ventral view, short, not reaching mid-length of inferior appendage, slightly diverging along their length, apices slightly curving mesad. Tergum X small, in lateral view around half the length of inferior appendage, dorsal margin straight, ventral margin slightly convex; in dorsal view, mesally separate, semi-trapezoid, outer margins straight, inner margin slightly convex. Parameres starting at anterior margin of tergum X; in lateral view, long, slender, widely U-shaped, with posterior end slightly diverging, apex pointing posteroventrally; in dorsal view, separated, narrow, posterior 1/3 directed posteromesad, each with short, thick, setae at apex. Superior appendages, in lateral view, slender, slightly curving upwards, more than twice as long as tergum X, with spine-like process at apex, mesal process spine-like straight, slightly curving downwards at base, exceeding posteriorly the main branch; in dorsal view around four times longer than wide, almost parallel, each slightly curving inwards toward apex with thin posteromesad orientated process with long thick seta. Mesal processes long, slender, gently curving mesad, crossing each other near apex. Inferior appendages, in lateral view, with posterodorsally orientated claw-shaped dorsal branch, ventral branch short, claw-shaped, orientated posterodorsally, originating at approx. mid-length on ventral margin of dorsal branch; in ventral view small, oval at base with slender, posteriorly orientated dorsal branches, slightly converging towards apex, ventral branches directed posterolaterally, each with claw-shaped apex. Phallus, in lateral view as long as segment IX, slightly sigmoid; in ventral view anterior half distinctly wider than posterior half.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="additional information">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Additional information.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
This species was referred to as &quot;sp. 12&quot; in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02072.x" author="Espeland, M" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Evolutionary Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="2112 - 2122" refId="B4" refString="Espeland, M, Johanson, KA, 2010a. The diversity and radiation of the largest monophyletic animal group on New Caledonia (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae: Agmina). Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23: 2112 - 2122, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02072.x" title="The diversity and radiation of the largest monophyletic animal group on New Caledonia (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae: Agmina)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02072.x" volume="23" year="2010 a">Espeland and Johanson (2010a)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<emphasis id="D78CCE43C1B1C158756AB4DF985EC4C0" bold="true" pageNumber="468">Cynara acaulis</emphasis>
Linnaeus
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,
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<emphasis id="A25A9727E6A0FEFAACB6128AE0EF3B77" italics="true" pageNumber="468">Species Plantarum</emphasis>
, ed. 2, 2
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: 1160. 1763
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.
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<paragraph id="28F2C5B8B76290CA2D5B2873D2BE5B54" pageNumber="468">&quot;Habitat in Barbaria.&quot; RCN: 5991.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="71E85D084E27A4B646D44728FBEFC11C" pageNumber="468">
<typeStatus id="6FCCDC9F4FE86F0527CF8EA3045D90CD">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(Dittrich in
<emphasis id="8A1A61D07EE86CF4200BEF4073FD3224" italics="true" pageNumber="468">Candollea</emphasis>
39: 46. 1984): [icon]
<emphasis id="A027F9D6DBC190EA84EBC9B81ECE0A5A" italics="true" pageNumber="468">&quot;Cinara acaulos, Tunetana, Tafga dicta, magno flore suaviter olente&quot;</emphasis>
in Tilli, Cat. Pl. Hort. Pisani: 41, t. 20, f. 1. 1723.
</paragraph>
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Current name:
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<emphasis id="F3D8D91929091F7194D8F6D1BEF294F9" italics="true" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="DF685B36987572E1E972A180038FFABA" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="468">Rhaponticum acaule</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(L.)
</taxonomicName>
DC. (
<taxonomicName id="D8AE6E46E96C155D228D69A17AAF0FDF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69955" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-9-e69955" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3627CBB8E2915973B82E80F917CD11AD" ModsDocID="1314-2828-9-e69955" checkinTime="1633362678132" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gerdes, Klaas, Kihara, Terue Cristina, Martinez Arbizu, Pedro, Kuhn, Thomas, Schwarz-Schampera, Ulrich, Mah, Christopher L, Norenburg, Jon L, Linley, Thomas D, Shalaeva, Kate, Macpherson, Enrique, Gordon, Dennis, Stoehr, Sabine, Messing, Charles G, Bober, Simon, Guggolz, Theresa, Christodoulou, Magdalini, Gebruk, Andrey, Kremenetskaia, Antonina, Kroh, Andreas, Sanamyan, Karen, Bolstad, Kathrin, Hoffman, Leon, Gooday, Andrew J &amp; Molodtsova, Tina" docDate="2021" docId="347E5C009BF8544C8056FF99217ADA61" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 9: e69955" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 9" docPubDate="2021-09-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69955" docTitle="Actinostola sp. indet. (DZMB _ 2021" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="3627CBB8E2915973B82E80F917CD11AD" lastPageNumber="69955" masterDocId="3627CBB8E2915973B82E80F917CD11AD" masterDocTitle="Megafauna of the German exploration licence area for seafloor massive sulphides along the Central and South East Indian Ridge (Indian Ocean)" masterLastPageNumber="69955" masterPageNumber="69955" pageNumber="69955" updateTime="1635278169210" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>Megafauna of the German exploration licence area for seafloor massive sulphides along the Central and South East Indian Ridge (Indian Ocean)</mods:title>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mah, Christopher L</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart>Norenburg, Jon L</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Messing, Charles G</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Kremenetskaia, Antonina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sanamyan, Karen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart>Bolstad, Kathrin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hoffman, Leon</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gooday, Andrew J</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Molodtsova, Tina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-6952</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:number>2021-09-28</mods:number>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:347E5C009BF8544C8056FF99217ADA61" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/347E5C009BF8544C8056FF99217ADA61" lastPageNumber="69955" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">
<taxonomicName LSID="347E5C00-9BF8-544C-8056-FF99217ADA61" authority="sp. indet. (DZMB _ 2021 _ 0030)" authorityName="sp. indet. (DZMB _" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Bathyphellidae" genus="Actinostola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Actinostola" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Actinostola sp. indet. (DZMB_2021_0030)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69955" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-11-29" collectorName="ROPOS. COM, RV Pelagia Cruise" determinerName="Tina Molodtsova" location="Central Indian Ridge" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="Other material">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Type status:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-11-29" collectorName="ROPOS. COM, RV Pelagia Cruise" determinerName="Tina Molodtsova" location="Central Indian Ridge" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="Other material">
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Other material</typeStatus>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Occurrence:</emphasis>
recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">ROPOS.COM</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="69955" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Adult</specimenType>
; behavior: attached to hard substrates; occurrenceStatus: present; preparations: Imaged only; associatedMedia: R1906_00139.jpg;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Taxon:</emphasis>
taxonConceptID: Actinostola sp. indet. (DZMB_2021_0030); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Cnidaria; class: Anthozoa; order: Actiniaria; family: Actinostolidae; genus: Actinostola; taxonRank: Genus; scientificNameAuthorship: Verrill, 1883;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Location:</emphasis>
waterBody: Indian Ocean; stateProvince:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:347E5C009BF8544C8056FF99217ADA61:BC52D4A3985DED4A457065AF79295DD3" name="Central Indian Ridge">Central Indian Ridge</location>
; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:347E5C009BF8544C8056FF99217ADA61:4AFA19E6A2CFAA59DDA358032F6A49C7" name="Vent site 1" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Vent site 1</location>
; verbatimLocality: Cluster 4; maximumDepthInMeters: 3023; locationRemarks:
<collectorName>RV Pelagia Cruise</collectorName>
INDEX2015 Leg 2; geodeticDatum: WGS84; coordinateUncertaintyInMeters: 30;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Identification:</emphasis>
identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Tina Molodtsova</determinerName>
; identificationRemarks: Identified only from imagery; identificationQualifier: sp. indet.;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Event:</emphasis>
eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="69955" value="2015-11-29">
<date value="2015-11-29">2015-11-29</date>
</collectingDate>
; eventTime: 8:40:12 am; year: 2015; fieldNumber: INDEX2015-43ROV; fieldNotes: 1.8°C, 34.7 ppt;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Record Level:</emphasis>
language: en; institutionCode: DZMB; datasetName: INDEX; basisOfRecord: Human Observation
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">
Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F7125069" captionText="Figure 85. Actinostola sp. indet. (DZMB _ 2021 _ 0030) in situ at the Central Indian Ridge within Vent site 1 in Cluster 4 of the INDEX area. Image corresponds with the data (Image attribution: BGR)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e69955.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545405" pageId="0" pageNumber="69955">85</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Diprionidae" genus="Pteronus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pteronus testaceus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">Pteronus testaceus</taxonomicName>
Jurine, 1807
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo betulae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betulae">Tenthredo betulae</taxonomicName>
(Retzius, 1783,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tenthredo</taxonomicName>
) preocc.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nematus crassiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassiventris">Nematus crassiventris</taxonomicName>
(Cameron, 1878,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nematus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nematus</taxonomicName>
)
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland</paragraph>
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<document id="8805E73C3E65339FA642E15A7A9A05B1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4995.2.11" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5056331" ID-ZooBank="F8FEAF3D-95E8-48ED-8F40-B6A531F8CE90" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625162839396" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jałoszyński, Paweł &amp; Ślipiński, Adam" docDate="2021" docId="347E878FE904703FE5E6951362F4FBE2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4995.2.11.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4995 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Afroboganium wakefieldense Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński 2021, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="387" masterDocId="C847FFF7E905703AE57190046101FFD7" masterDocTitle="Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. from KwaZulu Natal, South Africa (Coleoptera Boganiidae: Boganiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="388" masterPageNumber="382" pageNumber="383" updateTime="1698981996989" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="5772C53D0161172E48BC85A3FC6F0BB4">Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. from KwaZulu Natal, South Africa (Coleoptera Boganiidae: Boganiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="449BC404CAD17B7E6CC57E219DC74F9E">Jałoszyński, Paweł</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8B995B3F9AEFE6C3936871C04CB0ED0D">Museum of Natural History, University of Wrocław, Sienkiewicza 21, 50 - 335 Wrocław, Poland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CD441A88F7E04E104B0BC76BCD9CAEEB">Ślipiński, Adam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="885FBAABF08FFD030E5AD8090D7448DE">Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1216 - 8068</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A0A002417CB821DFB29152880E8C3D4E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DE43583F5D9AE78C3783CD4E265A520F">2021</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="BC683699E904703BE5E695136342FAE6" blockId="1.[151,579,1303,1365]" box="[151,579,1303,1330]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
<heading id="E72081F5E904703BE5E695136342FAE6" bold="true" box="[151,579,1303,1330]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE5E695136342FAE6" bold="true" box="[151,579,1303,1330]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE904703BE5E6951360F8FAE5" authority="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński, 2021" authorityName="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,505,1303,1330]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakefieldense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE5E6951360F8FAE5" bold="true" box="[151,505,1303,1330]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">Afroboganium wakefieldense</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="959057F0E904703BE77095136342FAE6" box="[513,579,1303,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="F4CD6512E904703BE5E6953F6018FA82" box="[151,281,1339,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="description">
<paragraph id="BC683699E904703BE5E6953F6018FA82" blockId="1.[151,579,1303,1365]" box="[151,281,1339,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
(
<figureCitation id="24EC2A1CE904703BE5EE953F6010FA82" box="[159,273,1339,1365]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 12" captionStart-1="FIGURES 311" captionStart-2="FIGURES 1213" captionStart-3="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1720,1744]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,264,650,674]" captionStartId-3="4.[151,250,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1421,548,1673]" captionTargetBox-1="[187,1416,185,1864]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,626]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,734,1609]" captionTargetId-0="figure-190@2.[151,1436,522,1694]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@3.[172,1416,181,1884]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@4.[151,1436,181,626]" captionTargetId-3="figure-47@4.[151,1436,734,1640]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 12. Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. Dorsal (1) and ventral (2) habitus." captionText-1="FIGURES 311. Genital and abdominal structures of Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. Penis in dorsal (3) and lateral (4) views; close-up of distal region of penis in dorsal (5) and lateral (6) views; male abdominal segments VIIIX, including internal abdominal structures (tegmen and hindgut) in ventral view (7); tegmen in ventral view (8); male abdominal segments IXX in ventral view (9); ovipositor in ventral view (10); and female sternite VIII in ventral view (11)." captionText-2="FIGURES 1213. Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. Hindgut tightly packed with pollen grains (12); and a group of pollen grains removed from hindgut (13)." captionText-3="FIGURE 14. Distribution of nominal species of Afroboganium in South Africa." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056333" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056337" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056339" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056341" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5056333/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5056337/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5056339/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5056341/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">Figs 114</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4CD6512E904703BE5E6958765E2F9DE" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BC683699E904703BE5E6958765E2F9DE" blockId="1.[151,1437,1411,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE5E695876044FA4A" bold="true" box="[151,325,1411,1437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="0CBF3CC4E904703BE43C95876577FA4A" box="[333,1142,1411,1438]" country="South Africa" location="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE43C958762D2FA4A" bold="true" box="[333,979,1411,1437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
<typeStatus id="636C883BE904703BE43C958760BFFA4A" box="[333,446,1411,1437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="C4C07609E904703BE4BB958763F5FA4A" box="[458,756,1411,1437]" name="South Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="7E13F87BE904703BE672958762C6FA4A" box="[771,967,1411,1437]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
):
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="AAD1FD10E904703BE6AA958062F3FA49" box="[987,1010,1412,1438]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="male"></specimenCount>
, two labels
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation id="0CBF3CC4E904703BE1F195876451FA32" collectingDate="2019-11-24" collectionCode="TMSA" collectorName="P. Jaloszynski" country="South Africa" elevation="1600" latitude="-29.465" location="RSA" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="29.879" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE1FD958765EEFA4A" bold="true" box="[1164,1263,1411,1437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
<collectingCountry id="C4C07609E904703BE1FD958765C3FA4A" box="[1164,1218,1411,1437]" name="South Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">RSA</collectingCountry>
(E)
</emphasis>
KZN
<quantity id="7B2F9B7CE904703BE0499587648CFA49" box="[1336,1421,1411,1438]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="37FAD1AAE904703BE0499587648CFA49" box="[1336,1421,1411,1438]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
/
<geoCoordinate id="D9E3505EE904703BE5E695A361EFFA15" box="[151,238,1447,1474]" degrees="29.465" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" precision="55" value="-29.465">-29.465</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate id="D9E3505EE904703BE58795A36044FA15" box="[246,325,1447,1474]" degrees="29.879" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" precision="55" value="29.879">29.879</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="C8691059E904703BE43E95A360CDFA16" box="[335,460,1447,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" value="2019-11-24">
<collectingDate id="D82DE9B1E904703BE43E95A360CDFA16" box="[335,460,1447,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" value="2019-11-24">24.11.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE49195A363A2FA16" bold="true" box="[480,675,1447,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">Wakefield Farm</emphasis>
/ grassy hills with
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE904703BE60295AC62BAFA15" box="[883,955,1448,1474]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Protea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="1" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Protea</taxonomicName>
/ leg.
<collectorName id="1122534FE904703BE68F95AC6598FA16" box="[1022,1177,1447,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">P. Jałoszyński</collectorName>
PJ#5” [white, printed], “
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE904703BE5D595CF607FFA32" authorityName="Endrody-Younga &amp; Crowson" authorityYear="1986" box="[164,382,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE5D595CF607FFA32" box="[164,382,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">AFROBOGANIUM</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE904703BE4E095CF632FFA32" authorityName="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński" authorityYear="2021" box="[401,558,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakefieldense">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE4E095CF632FFA32" box="[401,558,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">wakefieldense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński 2021 /
<typeStatus id="636C883BE904703BE6EB95CF6545FA32" box="[922,1092,1483,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
” [red, printed] (
<collectionCode id="DAC6AE5CE904703BE18595CF6449FA32" box="[1268,1352,1483,1509]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">TMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="0CBF3CC4E904703BE02895CF65DEF9DE" collectingDate="2019-11-24" collectionCode="MNHW, TMSA" collectorName="P. Jaloszynski" country="South Africa" elevation="1600" latitude="-29.465" location="RSA" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="29.879" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE02895CF61DEF9DE" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
<typeStatus id="636C883BE904703BE02895CF61D8F9DE" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
6 exx (
<specimenCount id="AAD1FD10E904703BE44495EB605CF9DD" box="[309,349,1519,1546]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="AAD1FD10E904703BE4E595EB631FF9DE" box="[404,542,1519,1546]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
of unknown sex), same data as for holotype (
<collectionCode id="DAC6AE5CE904703BE16A95EB6577F9DE" box="[1051,1142,1519,1545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">MNHW</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="DAC6AE5CE904703BE1F595EB65D6F9DE" box="[1156,1239,1519,1545]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">TMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4CD6512E904703BE5B6961762BDF9A2" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BC683699E904703BE5B6961762BDF9A2" blockId="1.[151,1437,1411,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE5B696176043F9FA" bold="true" box="[199,322,1555,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body length
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; mesanepisterna, mesepimera, metaventrite and abdomen nearly black, re- maining body parts yellowish brown; mesal margin of each mandible lacking pre-apical tooth; aedeagus conspicuously slender, in lateral view with distinctly dilated apex curved dorsad.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4CD6512E904703FE5B6967B603BFEB2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="387" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" type="description">
<paragraph id="BC683699E904703BE5B6967B61CBF935" blockId="1.[151,1437,1411,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE904703BE5B6967B6058F94E" bold="true" box="[199,345,1663,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">Description.</emphasis>
Body (
<figureCitation id="24EC2A1CE904703BE4DC967B6310F94E" box="[429,529,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1720,1744]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,548,1673]" captionTargetId="figure-190@2.[151,1436,522,1694]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 12. Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. Dorsal (1) and ventral (2) habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056333/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">Figs 12</figureCitation>
) elongate and weakly convex; pigmentation yellowish brown, except for nearly black mesanepisterna, mesepimera, metaventrite and abdominal sternites, also eyes darker than head; BL
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC683699E9047038E5B696EF61D6FE22" blockId="1.[151,1437,1411,2014]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="1" pageNumber="383">
Head subtrapezoidal, broadest at eyes, HL
<quantity id="7B2F9B7CE904703BE7D496EF624BF8D1" box="[677,842,1771,1798]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="0.255" valueMax="0.28" valueMin="0.23">0.230.28 mm</quantity>
, HW
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. Vertex and frons strongly trans- verse; supra-antennal tubercles distinctly elevated, elongate and slanting toward each eye, forming rounded carinae with mesal margins slightly impressed. Clypeus rectangular, slightly broader than long. Punctures on clypeus, frons and vertex distinct, large and dense, on clypeus indistinctly larger than those on sides of frons and vertex, spaces be- tween punctures subequal to their diameters or slightly shorter, median area on frons between eyes with smaller and sparser punctures, in some specimens nearly impunctate; setae short, sparse and suberect. Eyes large, in lateral view nearly circular, strongly convex and in dorsal view asymmetrical, most convex portion shifted behind middle of eye. Each mandible with basal half of mesal margin convex and distal half sinuate, lacking any trace of pre-apical tooth. Antennae much longer than head and pronotum together, with slender trimerous club; AnL
<quantity id="7B2F9B7CE9077038E1DB90BF6450FF02" box="[1194,1361,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.65" metricValueMax="10.3" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="384" unit="mm" value="0.965" valueMax="1.03" valueMin="0.9">0.901.03 mm</quantity>
; scape about twice as long as broad; pedicel much narrower and slightly shorter than scape, about twice as long as broad; antennomere 3 indistinctly narrower and slightly longer than pedicel, about 2.5× as long as broad; 47 subequal in length and width, each slightly shorter than 3 and equally broad, about 2.2× as long as broad; 8 indistinctly shorter than 7 and equally broad, twice as long as broad; 9 much longer and nearly twice as broad as 8, strongly broadening distad and about 1.5× as long as broad; 10 slightly broader and distinctly shorter than 9, weakly broadening distad, about as long as broad; 11 longer than 10 but much shorter than 9 and 10 combined, about 1.6× as long as broad, with subcylindrical proximal half and subconical apical region. All antennomeres covered with sparse, long, erect setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E8A86611E9077038E5E696BC6507F907" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5056333" box="[151,1030,1720,1744]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056333/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="384" startId="2.[151,264,1720,1744]" targetBox="[166,1421,548,1673]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="BC683699E9077038E5E696BC6507F907" blockId="2.[151,1030,1720,1744]" box="[151,1030,1720,1744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9077038E5E696BC603BF907" bold="true" box="[151,314,1720,1744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="384">FIGURES 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE9077038E43096BC6366F907" authority="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński, 2021" authorityName="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński" authorityYear="2021" box="[321,615,1720,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakefieldense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9077038E43096BC6366F907" box="[321,615,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="384">Afroboganium wakefieldense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9077038E71C96BC63A7F907" bold="true" box="[621,678,1720,1744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="959057F0E9077038E71C96BC63A7F907" box="[621,678,1720,1744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="384" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Dorsal (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9077038E78E96BC620DF907" bold="true" box="[767,780,1720,1744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="384">1</emphasis>
) and ventral (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9077038E6EB96BC62A6F907" bold="true" box="[922,935,1720,1744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="384">2</emphasis>
) habitus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BC683699E9077038E5B696FB6399F827" blockId="2.[151,1436,1790,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="384">
Pronotum oval, transverse, broadest at posterior margin of lateral callosities near anterior third; PL
<quantity id="7B2F9B7CE9077038E05D96FA61C4F8EA" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="384" unit="mm" value="0.575" valueMax="0.65" valueMin="0.5">0.500.65 mm</quantity>
, PW
<quantity id="7B2F9B7CE9077038E473972760A8F8EA" box="[258,425,1827,1853]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="384" unit="mm" value="0.84" valueMax="0.88" valueMin="0.8">0.800.88 mm</quantity>
. Anterior margin broadly rounded and strongly convex at middle, with barely discernible, fine submarginal line; lateral callosities with porous fields lentiform and extending between anterior fourth and third of pronotal length; sides of pronotum behind callosities finely, indistinctly crenulate, weakly rounded and indistinctly convergent posteriad, with distinct lateral carina; posterior margin broadly rounded, its wide median portion unmargined. Punctures on disc distinct, large and dense, separated by spaces slightly wider than diameters of punctures; setae sparse, short and suberect.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E8A86611E9067039E5E69771654EF82E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056337" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5056337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056337/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="385" startId="3.[151,264,1909,1933]" targetBox="[187,1416,185,1864]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="BC683699E9067039E5E69771654EF82E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1909,2041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E5E697716049F85A" bold="true" box="[151,328,1909,1933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">FIGURES 311.</emphasis>
Genital and abdominal structures of
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE9067039E7BC977162F4F85A" authority="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński, 2021" authorityName="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński" authorityYear="2021" box="[717,1013,1909,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="385" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakefieldense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E7BC977162F4F85A" box="[717,1013,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">Afroboganium wakefieldense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E68F97716538F85A" bold="true" box="[1022,1081,1909,1933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="959057F0E9067039E68F97716538F85A" box="[1022,1081,1909,1933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Penis in dorsal (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E19D977165F8F85A" bold="true" box="[1260,1273,1909,1933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">3</emphasis>
) and lateral (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E0F697716495F85A" bold="true" box="[1415,1428,1909,1933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">4</emphasis>
) views; close-up of distal region of penis in dorsal (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E7E2979D63A1F866" bold="true" box="[659,672,1945,1969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">5</emphasis>
) and lateral (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E657979D6232F866" bold="true" box="[806,819,1945,1969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">6</emphasis>
) views; male abdominal segments VIIIX, including internal abdominal structures (tegmen and hindgut) in ventral view (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E78A97B96209F802" bold="true" box="[763,776,1981,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">7</emphasis>
); tegmen in ventral view (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E16697B96525F802" bold="true" box="[1047,1060,1981,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">8</emphasis>
); male abdominal segments IXX in ventral view (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E45597E56030F82E" bold="true" box="[292,305,2017,2041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">9</emphasis>
); ovipositor in ventral view (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E72B97E56372F82E" bold="true" box="[602,627,2017,2041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">10</emphasis>
); and female sternite VIII in ventral view (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE9067039E15897E56540F82E" bold="true" box="[1065,1089,2017,2041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="385">11</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E8A86611E901703EE5E6928E60F7FD11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056339" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5056339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056339/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="386" startId="4.[151,264,650,674]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,626]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="BC683699E901703EE5E6928E60F7FD11" blockId="4.[151,1436,650,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE901703EE5E6928E6057FD75" bold="true" box="[151,342,650,674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">FIGURES 1213.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE901703EE42C928E6385FD75" authority="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński, 2021" authorityName="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński" authorityYear="2021" box="[349,644,650,674]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="386" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakefieldense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE901703EE42C928E6385FD75" box="[349,644,650,674]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">Afroboganium wakefieldense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE901703EE7FD928E63C6FD75" bold="true" box="[652,711,650,674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="959057F0E901703EE7FD928E63C6FD75" box="[652,711,650,674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Hindgut tightly packed with pollen grains (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE901703EE1FC928E65A7FD75" bold="true" box="[1165,1190,650,674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">12</emphasis>
); and a group of pollen grains removed from hindgut (
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE901703EE4BF92AA60E6FD11" bold="true" box="[462,487,686,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">13</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E8A86611E901703EE5E6967B62C0F940" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056341" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5056341" box="[151,961,1663,1687]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056341/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="386" startId="4.[151,250,1663,1687]" targetBox="[151,1436,734,1609]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="BC683699E901703EE5E6967B62C0F940" blockId="4.[151,961,1663,1687]" box="[151,961,1663,1687]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE901703EE5E6967B6021F940" bold="true" box="[151,288,1663,1687]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
Distribution of nominal species of
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE901703EE7F6967B6219F940" authorityName="Endrody-Younga &amp; Crowson" authorityYear="1986" box="[647,792,1663,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="386" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE901703EE7F6967B6219F940" box="[647,792,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">Afroboganium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in South Africa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BC683699E901703EE5B696C26409F89B" blockId="4.[151,1436,1733,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">
Elytra together suboval, indistinctly rounded at sides in anterior half; EL
<quantity id="7B2F9B7CE901703EE17B96C165B0F937" box="[1034,1201,1733,1760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.49" metricValueMax="1.53" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="4" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="1.49" valueMax="1.53" valueMin="1.45">1.451.53 mm</quantity>
, EW
<quantity id="7B2F9B7CE901703EE18096C26499F937" box="[1265,1432,1734,1760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" metricValueMax="1.08" metricValueMin="0.98" pageId="4" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="1.03" valueMax="1.08" valueMin="0.98">0.981.08 mm</quantity>
, EI 1.381.51; humeral callus weakly developed. Punctures on elytra slightly larger and distinctly denser than those on pronotum, separated by spaces subequal to their diameters; setae longer, thicker and more erect than those on pronotum, additional much sparser and much longer erect setae are distributed among basic vestiture.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC683699E901703EE5B697526383F8A7" blockId="4.[151,1436,1733,2012]" box="[199,642,1878,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">Hind wings well developed, functional.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC683699E901703EE5B6977E622BF843" blockId="4.[151,1436,1733,2012]" box="[199,810,1914,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">Legs short and robust, lacking any peculiar characters.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC683699E901703FE5B6979A630BFF02" blockId="4.[151,1436,1733,2012]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,1077]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="387" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">
Penis (
<figureCitation id="24EC2A1CE901703EE462979A6079F86E" box="[275,376,1950,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 311" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[187,1416,185,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-21@3.[172,1416,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 311. Genital and abdominal structures of Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. Penis in dorsal (3) and lateral (4) views; close-up of distal region of penis in dorsal (5) and lateral (6) views; male abdominal segments VIIIX, including internal abdominal structures (tegmen and hindgut) in ventral view (7); tegmen in ventral view (8); male abdominal segments IXX in ventral view (9); ovipositor in ventral view (10); and female sternite VIII in ventral view (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056337/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="386">Figs 36</figureCitation>
) slender; PeL
<quantity id="7B2F9B7CE901703EE76D979A6385F86F" box="[540,644,1950,1976]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="0.63">0.63 mm</quantity>
; in dorsal view broadest near distal third and strongly tapering toward dilated and rounded apex; in lateral view penis strongly curved, with apical region dilated, rounded and curved dorsad. Tegmen (
<figureCitation id="24EC2A1CE900703FE42F909360C7FF66" box="[350,454,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 311" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[187,1416,185,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-21@3.[172,1416,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 311. Genital and abdominal structures of Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. Penis in dorsal (3) and lateral (4) views; close-up of distal region of penis in dorsal (5) and lateral (6) views; male abdominal segments VIIIX, including internal abdominal structures (tegmen and hindgut) in ventral view (7); tegmen in ventral view (8); male abdominal segments IXX in ventral view (9); ovipositor in ventral view (10); and female sternite VIII in ventral view (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056337/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Figs 78</figureCitation>
) with subtriangular membranous distal region; sternite X with broad median portion demarcated by deep constriction.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC683699E900703FE5B690DB603BFEB2" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">
Ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="24EC2A1CE900703FE43F90DB60A1FF2E" box="[334,416,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 311" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[187,1416,185,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-21@3.[172,1416,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 311. Genital and abdominal structures of Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. Penis in dorsal (3) and lateral (4) views; close-up of distal region of penis in dorsal (5) and lateral (6) views; male abdominal segments VIIIX, including internal abdominal structures (tegmen and hindgut) in ventral view (7); tegmen in ventral view (8); male abdominal segments IXX in ventral view (9); ovipositor in ventral view (10); and female sternite VIII in ventral view (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056337/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) with broad, subtriangular paraprocts; each gonocoxite subequal in length to paraproct and with distinctly delimited, very short and subtriangular distal lobe lacking gonostylus, with one long and several much shorter subapical setae. Sternite VIII of female (
<figureCitation id="24EC2A1CE900703FE78D9123624DFE96" box="[764,844,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 311" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[187,1416,185,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-21@3.[172,1416,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 311. Genital and abdominal structures of Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. Penis in dorsal (3) and lateral (4) views; close-up of distal region of penis in dorsal (5) and lateral (6) views; male abdominal segments VIIIX, including internal abdominal structures (tegmen and hindgut) in ventral view (7); tegmen in ventral view (8); male abdominal segments IXX in ventral view (9); ovipositor in ventral view (10); and female sternite VIII in ventral view (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056337/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) strongly transverse, with slender and distally bifur- cate spiculum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4CD6512E900703FE5B6916A61C5FE7A" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BC683699E900703FE5B6916A61C5FE7A" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE5B6916A6060FE5F" bold="true" box="[199,353,366,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="C4C07609E900703FE418916B60FCFE5E" box="[361,509,367,393]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">South Africa</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="7E13F87BE900703FE778916B63BDFE5E" box="[521,700,367,393]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
;
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE900703FE7B8916B6286FE5E" authorityName="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński" authorityYear="2021" box="[713,903,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakefieldense">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE7B8916B6286FE5E" box="[713,903,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">A. wakefieldense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the easternmost
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE900703FE115916B645FFE5E" box="[1124,1374,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE115916B6404FE5E" box="[1124,1285,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Afroboganium</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="24EC2A1CE900703FE01E916B61B7FE7A" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,734,1609]" captionTargetId="figure-47@4.[151,1436,734,1640]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 14. Distribution of nominal species of Afroboganium in South Africa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4CD6512E900703FE5B691B3650AFE06" box="[199,1035,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BC683699E900703FE5B691B3650AFE06" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1077]" box="[199,1035,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE5B691B3604FFE06" bold="true" box="[199,334,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after the Wakefield Farm,
<typeStatus id="636C883BE900703FE7A391B36203FE06" box="[722,770,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">type</typeStatus>
locality of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4CD6512E900703FE5B691DF62F4FBE2" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="BC683699E900703FE5B691DF6390FD26" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE5B691DF603AFE22" bold="true" box="[199,315,475,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE900703FE43791DF60E6FE22" authorityName="Endrody-Younga &amp; Crowson" authorityYear="1986" box="[326,487,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE43791DF60E6FE22" box="[326,487,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Afroboganium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a considerable intraspecific variability in body pigmentation; within some species ranging from yellowish brown to nearly black. For this reason, and because there may still be undescribed species to discover, the primary diagnostic characters are those related to the shape of the penis.
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE900703FE18A92276035FDB6" authorityName="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakefieldense">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE18A92276035FDB6" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Afroboganium wakefieldense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a conspicuously slender penis, with its apex in lateral view distinctly swollen and curved dorsad. Only
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE900703FE5A4926F639BFD52" authority="Endrody-Younga, 1986" authorityName="Endrody-Younga" authorityYear="1986" box="[213,666,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transvaalense">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE5A4926F608EFD52" box="[213,399,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">A. transvaalense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D8464B68E900703FE4E4926F639BFD52" author="Endrody-Younga, S. &amp; Crowson, R. A." box="[405,666,619,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" pagination="253 - 273" refId="ref3281" refString="Endrody-Younga, S. &amp; Crowson, R. A. (1986) Boganiidae, a new beetle family for the African fauna (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 34 (12), 253 - 273." type="journal article" year="1986">Endrödy-Younga, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
has the penis similarly long and slender in lateral view, but its apex is gradually and strongly tapering, and not dilated, neither curved. The only previously known
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE900703FE1D5928B649DFD7E" box="[1188,1436,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE1D5928B6444FD7E" box="[1188,1349,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Afroboganium</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
with the apical region of the penis swollen in lateral view is
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<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE64292B762A0FD1A" box="[819,929,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">A. elmeae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D8464B68E900703FE6D692B765AEFD1A" author="Endrody-Younga, S. &amp; Crowson, R. A." box="[935,1199,691,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" pagination="253 - 273" refId="ref3281" refString="Endrody-Younga, S. &amp; Crowson, R. A. (1986) Boganiidae, a new beetle family for the African fauna (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 34 (12), 253 - 273." type="journal article" year="1986">Endrödy-Younga, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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; however, the dilated region is symmetrical and not curved dorsad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC683699E900703FE5B692FF62F4FBE2" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">
The natural history of
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<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE4B792FF6366FCC2" box="[454,615,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Afroboganium</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
and data concerning their feeding habits and preferences remain unknown. The only relevant information provided by
<bibRefCitation id="D8464B68E900703FE679931B65AAFCED" author="Endrody-Younga, S. &amp; Crowson, R. A." box="[776,1195,799,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" pagination="253 - 273" refId="ref3281" refString="Endrody-Younga, S. &amp; Crowson, R. A. (1986) Boganiidae, a new beetle family for the African fauna (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 34 (12), 253 - 273." type="journal article" year="1986">Endrödy-Younga &amp; Crowson (1986)</bibRefCitation>
is that some species have been collected from flowering dicotyledonous bushes or by beating shrubs. As specimens of
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE900703FE1919347649DFC8A" authorityName="Jałoszyński &amp; Ślipiński" authorityYear="2021" box="[1248,1436,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Boganiidae" genus="Afroboganium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakefieldense">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE1919347649DFC8A" box="[1248,1436,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">A. wakefieldense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected by sweeping various plants on rocky hills with sparse
<taxonomicName id="7BD74D1AE900703FE6E6936362E3FC57" box="[919,994,871,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Protea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="5" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EA3EA8BE900703FE6E6936362E3FC57" box="[919,994,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Protea</emphasis>
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L. shrubs and diverse grasses and other plants, and detected in preserved samples only after returning from the expedition, it is not possible to associate this species with a particular plant. Dissected male and female specimens have their hindguts tightly packed with pollen grains of various shapes (
<figureCitation id="24EC2A1CE900703FE4C193D76331FC3A" box="[432,560,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 1213" captionStartId="4.[151,264,650,674]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,626]" captionTargetId="figure-17@4.[151,1436,181,626]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1213. Afroboganium wakefieldense sp. n. Hindgut tightly packed with pollen grains (12); and a group of pollen grains removed from hindgut (13)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056339/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="387">Figs 1213</figureCitation>
), so at least it is clear that flowers are their food sources. It is unclear, however, whether they are pollenophagous, or the apparently intact pollen grains only accumulate in their hindguts and are eliminated after the primary meal of soft flower structures has been digested.
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<mods:title>Strong differentiation between amphibian communities on two adjacent mountains in the Upper Rio Pastaza watershed of Ecuador, with descriptions of two new species of terrestrial frogs</mods:title>
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Pristimantis bellae Reyes-Puig &amp;
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">We collected two female specimens (DHMECN 14423-14424) with body sizes of 21.33 mm up to 22.40 mm and two male specimens (DHMECN 14421-14422) with body sizes of 15.58 mm up to 16.73 mm; the specimens were found on bush, palm and cyclanth leaves between 20 cm and 50 cm from the ground in montane Machay Reserve forests at 2290 m elevation. This species is characterised by having a distinctive pattern of irregular white marks on the black venter, conical tubercles on the upper eyelid, one interorbital tubercle and a row of ulnar and tarsal tubercles.</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Figure 16.</emphasis>
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,variation in females
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frontal view
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lateral view (DHMECN 14430)
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lateral view and
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dorsal view (DHMECN 14424). Photographs by Mario H.
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<bibRefCitation id="67799DFDDB2C2CB940A0EE98A6511357" author="Knight, K. L." journalOrPublisher="Entomological Society of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="4567" pagination="1 - 611" title="A Catalog of the Mosquitoes of the World (Diptera: Culicidae)." volume="6" year="1977">Knight and Stone 1977</bibRefCitation>
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