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<document id="963269A54CDC96C4737FFD4D937E1F7D" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0082(2000)293&lt;0001:TEFOSB&gt;2.0.CO;2" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10110982" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,operationResults,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1630265931376" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="CAMARGO, JOÃO M. F., GRIMALDI, DAVID, A. &amp; PEDRO, SILVIA R. M." docDate="2000" docId="03C09D45FFD0FF82AEDA26D3F124F927" docLanguage="en" docName="N3293.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 3293" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282000%29293%3C0001%3ATEFOSB%3E2.0.CO%3B2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:059C9B7006157ECE636E30DEF6793B3A.3:AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="059C9B7006157ECE636E30DEF6793B3A" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Proplebeia dominicana" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFF9E53DFFD2FF8AAD512547F43BFFE4" masterDocTitle="The Extinct Fauna of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) in Dominican Amber: Two New Species and Redescription of the Male of Proplebeia dominicana (Wille and Chandler)" masterLastPageNumber="1" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1730300627421" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8BD62C690C6103355D0E6F514E339B07">
<mods:title id="85C315FF9306F32187727D6ABD138D2E">The Extinct Fauna of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) in Dominican Amber: Two New Species and Redescription of the Male of Proplebeia dominicana (Wille and Chandler)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C2066037C1454FCF1F47549C5A59507D">CAMARGO, JOÃO M. F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4C91694841443CDD9A7EB38AE4126AC4">Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto — USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040 ­ 901 — Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil (JMFC is CNPq fellow researcher, Proc. 300014 / 84 ­ 8 RN)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="27A0680F6A27E8894CA2696DE534B892" type="email">jmfdcama@usp.br &amp; jmafcama@ffclrp.usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="32454B4604CE3C42DD684C757CE67C4F">GRIMALDI, DAVID, A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="ABCFCB993CFEE5C462AFC8425E36FF0B">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E96AC809624EA3B6A22BE10BFBEFFF9D" type="email">grimaldi@amnh.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="CFC8DBBABB641615ACC8B2FBDF14B9D2">PEDRO, SILVIA R. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5DAD77685C58F35B209A6B7A66CC421B">Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto — USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040 ­ 901 — Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil (JMFC is CNPq fellow researcher, Proc. 300014 / 84 ­ 8 RN)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="66EB47C3BCD51E0EA01FBC4622200443">2000</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="05CFD6510892E1DF405AAC7D40271194">3293</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C09D45FFD0FF82AEDA26D3F124F927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C09D45FFD0FF82AEDA26D3F124F927" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C09D45FFD0FF82AEDA26D3F124F927" lastPageId="8" pageId="2">
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD0FF88AEDA26D3F0A8FC2C" pageId="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF88AEDA26D3F0A8FC2C" blockId="2.[907,1317,916,997]" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88AEDA26D3F0A8FC2C" authority="(Wille and Chandler)" baseAuthorityName="Wille and Chandler" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88AEDA26D3F0A4FC4F" box="[907,1183,916,939]" italics="true" pageId="2">Proplebeia dominicana</emphasis>
(Wille and Chandler)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD0FF88A95B2697F09EFC01" box="[1034,1189,976,997]" pageId="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF88A95B2697F09EFC01" blockId="2.[907,1317,916,997]" box="[1034,1189,976,997]" pageId="2">
<figureCitation id="135230D6FFD0FF88A95B2697F0B0FC01" box="[1034,1163,976,997]" captionStart-0="Figs" captionStart-1="Figs" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Figs" captionStartId-0="3.[264,312,1627,1648]" captionStartId-1="6.[298,346,1123,1144]" captionStartId-2="7.[591,629,1296,1317]" captionStartId-3="9.[264,312,1683,1704]" captionTargetBox-0="[319,1134,186,1600]" captionTargetBox-1="[380,1269,183,1097]" captionTargetBox-2="[416,1721,248,1264]" captionTargetBox-3="[304,1278,198,1646]" captionTargetId-0="figure-34@3.[310,1142,176,1605]" captionTargetId-1="figure-39@6.[376,1272,176,1101]" captionTargetId-2="figure-34@7.[406,1729,243,1275]" captionTargetId-3="figure-34@9.[292,1287,179,1662]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionText-0="Figs. 1, 2. Proplebeia dominicana; 1. male, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1178; 2. worker, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1111. Scale = 1.0 mm." captionText-1="Figs. 3, 4. Proplebeia dominicana, tibia III. 3. outer surface, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1179; 4. inner surface, detail of the keirotrichiate area and rastellum, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1175. Scale = 1.0 mm." captionText-2="Fig. 5. Proplebeia dominicana, male, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1178. Scale = 1.0 mm." captionText-3="Figs. 6, 7. Proplebeia dominicana, genitalia of male, posterior view and profile, specimen AMNH­ DR­14­954; S5–S7 = 5th–7th metasomal sterna, respectively. Scale = 1.0 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110984" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110986" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110988" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110990" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10110984/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10110986/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10110988/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10110990/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Figures 1–7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135230D6FFD0FF88A9C92697F09EFC01" box="[1176,1189,976,997]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="10.[298,346,1267,1288]" captionTargetBox="[340,1310,189,1236]" captionTargetId="figure-39@10.[331,1318,176,1245]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs. 8–10. Forewing, worker; 8. Proplebeia vetusta, sp.n., holotype, specimen, AMNH­DR­14­854; 9. Proplebeia dominicana, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1175; 10. Proplebeia tantilla, sp. n., paratype, specimen AMNH­DR­14­911. Scale = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110992" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10110992/files/figure.png" pageId="2">9</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD0FF8EAE0126BFF550FE44" lastPageId="4" pageId="2" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF88AE0126BFF13AFBCC" blockId="2.[848,1377,1016,1730]" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88AE0126BFF00EFBCC" authority="Wille and Chandler, 1964: 187 - 195" authorityName="Wille and Chandler" authorityPageNumber="187 - 195" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana" subGenus="Liotrigona">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88AE0126BFF095FBE9" box="[848,1198,1016,1037]" italics="true" pageId="2">Trigona (Liotrigona) dominicana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88A9E426BFF00EFBCC" author="Wille, A. &amp; L. C. Chandler" journalOrPublisher="Rev. Biol. Trop." pageId="2" pagination="187 - 195" part="12" refId="ref12211" refString="Wille, A., and L. C. Chandler 1964. A new stingless bee from the Tertiary of the Dominican Republic (Hymenop- tera; Meliponini). Rev. Biol. Trop. 12 (2): 187 - 195." title="A new stingless bee from the Tertiary of the Dominican Republic (Hymenop- tera; Meliponini)" type="journal article" year="1964">Wille and Chandler, 1964:187–195</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(tax., description).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF88AE012169F15AFBB9" blockId="2.[848,1377,1016,1730]" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88AE012169F0EDFBA7" authorityName="Wille and Chandler" authorityYear="1964" box="[848,1238,1070,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana" subGenus="Hypotrigona">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88AE012169F0EDFBA7" box="[848,1238,1070,1091]" italics="true" pageId="2">Trigona (Hypotrigona) dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Morris,
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88A81D2169F15BFBA7" box="[1356,1376,1070,1091]" italics="true" pageId="2">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88AE39210FF080FBB9" author="Zeuner, F. E. &amp; F. J. Manning" box="[872,1211,1096,1117]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Geol.)" pageId="2" pagination="149 - 268" part="27" refId="ref12257" refString="Zeuner, F. E., and F. J. Manning 1976. A monograph on fossil bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Geol.) 27: 149 - 268." title="A monograph on fossil bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)" type="journal article" year="1976">Zeuner and Manning, 1976: 256</bibRefCitation>
(fossil review).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF88AE012124F105FB49" blockId="2.[848,1377,1016,1730]" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88AE012124F010FB9C" authorityName="Wille and Chandler" authorityYear="1964" box="[848,1067,1123,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88AE012124F010FB9C" box="[848,1067,1123,1144]" italics="true" pageId="2">Trigona dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88A96F2124F0D1FB9C" author="Wille, A." box="[1086,1258,1123,1144]" pageId="2" refId="ref12160" refString="1977" type="journal article" year="1977">Wille, 1977: 44</bibRefCitation>
(fossil review, tax. notes); 1979: 269 (tax. notes). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88AE3921DFF07EFB49" author="Michener, C. D." box="[872,1093,1176,1197]" pageId="2" refId="ref11581" refString="1979" type="journal article" year="1979">Michener, 1979: 322</bibRefCitation>
(biogeogr., tax. notes).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF88AE0121F4F023FB06" blockId="2.[848,1377,1016,1730]" pageId="2">
?
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88AE3921F4F011FB2C" authority="" box="[872,1066,1203,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Plebeia">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88AE3921F4F011FB2C" box="[872,1066,1203,1224]" italics="true" pageId="2">Trigona (Plebeia)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
black species;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88A98821F4F7B4FB06" author="Wille, A." pageId="2" refId="ref12182" refString="1979. Phylogeny and relationships among the genera and subgenera of the stingless bees (Meliponinae) of the world." title="Phylogeny and relationships among the genera and subgenera of the stingless bees (Meliponinae) of the world" type="journal article" year="1979">Wille, 1979: 269</bibRefCitation>
(tax. notes).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF88AE0121AFF128FAFC" blockId="2.[848,1377,1016,1730]" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88AE0121AFF01EFB19" baseAuthorityName="Wille &amp; Chandler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[848,1061,1256,1277]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88AE0121AFF01EFB19" box="[848,1061,1256,1277]" italics="true" pageId="2">Plebeia dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88A96721AFF7F8FAFC" author="Moure, J. S. &amp; J. M. F. Camargo" journalOrPublisher="J. Kansas Entomol. Soc." pageId="2" pagination="560 - 566" part="51" refId="ref11741" refString="Moure, J. S., and J. M. F. Camargo 1978. A fossil stingless bee from Copal. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 51 (4): 560 - 566." title="A fossil stingless bee from Copal." type="journal article" year="1978">Moure and Camargo, 1978: 563–564</bibRefCitation>
(tax. notes, new combination).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF88AE012059F7A7FA66" blockId="2.[848,1377,1016,1730]" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88AE012059F0E2FAD7" authorityName="Wille and Chandler" authorityYear="1964" box="[848,1241,1310,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana" subGenus="Proplebeia">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88AE012059F0E2FAD7" box="[848,1241,1310,1331]" italics="true" pageId="2">Trigona (Proplebeia) dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Michener, 1982: 37–45 (not published in this form but stated to be a
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88A9562014F060FA8C" authorityName="Jurine" authorityYear="1807" box="[1031,1115,1363,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88A9562014F060FA8C" box="[1031,1115,1363,1384]" italics="true" pageId="2">Trigona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; tax. notes, new subgenus).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF88AE0120CFF794FA5C" blockId="2.[848,1377,1016,1730]" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88AE0120CFF79FFA79" authorityName="Jurine" authorityYear="1807" box="[848,932,1416,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88AE0120CFF79FFA79" box="[848,932,1416,1437]" italics="true" pageId="2">Trigona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A, B, C; Michener, 1982: 41–42 (tax. notes).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD0FF8EAE0120F9F550FE44" blockId="2.[848,1377,1016,1730]" lastBlockId="4.[296,801,181,416]" lastPageId="4" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD0FF88AE0120F9F075FA37" box="[848,1102,1470,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD0FF88AE0120F9F075FA37" box="[848,1102,1470,1491]" italics="true" pageId="2">Proplebeia dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88A93420FAF7B4FA09" author="Camargo, J. M. F. &amp; J. S. Moure" journalOrPublisher="Rev. Bras. Entomol." pageId="2" pagination="293 - 314" part="32" refId="ref10816" refString="Camargo, J. M. F., and J. S. Moure 1988. Notas sobre os Meliponinae (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colecionados por Felippo Silvestri na Bacia do Rio da Prata. Rev. Bras. Entomol. 32 (2): 293 - 314." title="Notas sobre os Meliponinae (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colecionados por Felippo Silvestri na Bacia do Rio da Prata" type="journal article" year="1988">Camargo et al., 1988: 153</bibRefCitation>
(biogeogr. notes). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88A9D6209FF15BFA09" author="Camargo, J. M. F." box="[1159,1376,1496,1517]" journalOrPublisher="An. XIV Simp. Anual da ACIESP, Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pagination="41 - 60" refId="ref10768" refString="Camargo, J. M. F. 1989. Comentarios sobre a sistematica de Meliponinae (Hymen. Apidae). An. XIV Simp. Anual da ACIESP, Sao Paulo, supl., 41 - 60." title="Comentarios sobre a sistematica de Meliponinae (Hymen. Apidae)" type="book chapter" year="1989">Camargo, 1989: 44</bibRefCitation>
(tax. notes). – Michener, 1990: 87, 95, 105–107 (tax. notes, phylogeny). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88A92C234AF11DF9C6" author="Ayala, R. B." bookContentInfo="Master thesis in Science, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Ciencias, Mexico, D. F., 74 pp." box="[1149,1318,1549,1570]" pageId="2" refId="ref10680" refString="Ayala, R. B. 1992. Revision de las Abejas sin Aguijon de Mexico (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae). Master thesis in Science, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Ciencias, Mexico, D. F., 74 pp." title="Revision de las Abejas sin Aguijon de Mexico (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae)" type="book" year="1992">Ayala, 1992: 60</bibRefCitation>
(biogeogr. notes). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88A94D236FF0D1F9D9" author="Roubik, D. W." bookContentInfo="New York: Oxford Univ. Press" box="[1052,1258,1576,1597]" editor="D. Quintero &amp; A. Aiello" pageId="2" pagination="495 - 524" refId="ref11876" refString="Roubik, D. W. 1992. Stingless bees: a guide to Panamanian and Mesoamerican species and their nests (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae). In D. Quintero and A. Aiello (eds.), Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica, selected studies: 495 - 524. New York: Oxford Univ. Press." title="Stingless bees: a guide to Panamanian and Mesoamerican species and their nests (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae)" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica" year="1992">Roubik, 1992: 499</bibRefCitation>
, 503 (figs. tibia). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88AE982304F138F9BC" author="Cano, R. J. &amp; H. Poinar &amp; G. O. Poinar, Jr." box="[969,1283,1603,1624]" journalOrPublisher="Sci. Res." pageId="2" pagination="249 - 251" part="20" refId="ref11085" refString="Cano, R. J., H. Poinar, and G. O. Poinar, Jr. 1992 a. Isolation and partial characterisation of DNA from the bee Proplebeia dominicana (Apidae: Hymenoptera) in 25 - 40 million year old amber. Med. Sci. Res. 20: 249 - 251." title="Isolation and partial characterisation of DNA from the bee Proplebeia dominicana (Apidae: Hymenoptera) in 25 - 40 million year old amber. Med" type="journal article" year="1992">Cano et al., 1992a: 249–251</bibRefCitation>
(DNA); 1992b: 619–622 (RNA). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF88A9C2231AF7B4F969" author="Poinar, G. O., Jr." journalOrPublisher="Biotropica" pageId="2" pagination="466 - 468" part="24" refId="ref11775" refString="Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Fossil evidence of resin utilization by insects. Biotropica 24 (3): 466 - 468." title="Fossil evidence of resin utilization by insects" type="journal article" year="1992">Poinar, 1992: 466– 468</bibRefCitation>
(resin collection); 1994a: 537­538 (DNA); 1994b: 73–75 (fossil review, symbiotic and parasitic associations). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD0FF8EA90123EAF579FF2E" author="Grimaldi, D. &amp; E. Bonwich &amp; M. Delannoy &amp; S. Doberstein" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novitates" lastPageId="4" pageId="2" pagination="31" part="3097" refId="ref11443" refString="Grimaldi, D., E. Bonwich, M. Delannoy, and S. Doberstein 1994. Electron microscopic studies of mummified tissues in amber fossils. Am. Mus. Novitates 3097: 31 pp." title="Electron microscopic studies of mummified tissues in amber fossils." type="journal article" year="1994">Grimaldi et al., 1994: 12– 14</bibRefCitation>
(electron microsc.). – Grimaldi, 1996a: 72– 73 (electron micrography); 1996b: 118 (figures, paleoecology). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EACBB25ACF5BEFEFE" author="Michener, C. D. &amp; G. O. Poinar, Jr." journalOrPublisher="J. Kansas Entomol. Soc." pageId="4" pagination="353 - 361" part="69" refId="ref11664" refString="Michener, C. D., and G. O. Poinar, Jr. 1996. The known bee fauna of the Dominican Amber. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 69 (4) suppl.: 353 - 361." title="The known bee fauna of the Dominican Amber." type="journal article" year="1996">Michener and Poinar, 1996: 360–361</bibRefCitation>
(fossil review, tax. notes, description of male
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EACD32467F627FED1" box="[386,540,288,309]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EACD32467F627FED1" box="[386,540,288,309]" italics="true" pageId="4">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EAF1B2467F62EFEB4" author="Walden, K. K. O. &amp; H. M. Robertson" journalOrPublisher="Mol. Biol. Evol." pageId="4" pagination="1075 - 1077" part="14" refId="ref12067" refString="Walden, K. K. O., and H. M. Robertson 1997. Ancient DNA from amber fossil bees? Mol. Biol. Evol. 14 (10): 1075 - 1077." title="Ancient DNA from amber fossil bees?" type="journal article" year="1997">Walden and Robertson, 1997: 1075–1077</bibRefCitation>
(DNA). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EAFDA247CF5C9FE8E" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; D. A. Grimaldi" bookContentInfo="Am. Mus. Novitates 3203: 7 pp." pageId="4" refId="ref11215" refString="Carpenter, J. M., and D. A. Grimaldi 1997. Social wasps in amber. Am. Mus. Novitates 3203: 7 pp." title="Social wasps in amber" type="book" year="1997">Carpenter and Grimaldi, 1997: 6</bibRefCitation>
(biogeogr. notes). –
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EAFB82412F656FE61" author="Stankiewicz, B. A. &amp; H. N. Poinar &amp; D. E. G. Briggs &amp; R. P. Evershed &amp; G. O. Poinar, Jr." journalOrPublisher="Proc. R. Soc. London B" pageId="4" pagination="641 - 647" part="265" refId="ref12026" refString="Stankiewicz, B. A., H. N. Poinar, D. E. G. Briggs, R. P. Evershed, and G. O. Poinar, Jr. 1998. Chemical preservation of plants and insects in natural resins. Proc. R. Soc. London B 265: 641 - 647." title="Chemical preservation of plants and insects in natural resins" type="journal article" year="1998">Stankiewicz et al., 1998: 642–645</bibRefCitation>
(preservation in resin).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF167CDBFFD1FF89AC59231CF6AAF96E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110984" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10110984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10110984/files/figure.png" pageId="3" startId="3.[264,312,1627,1648]" targetBox="[319,1134,186,1600]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD1FF89AC59231CF6AAF96E" blockId="3.[238,1342,1626,1674]" pageId="3">
Figs. 1, 2.
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD1FF89ACC2231CF6B5F994" box="[403,654,1627,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD1FF89ACC2231CF6B5F994" box="[403,654,1627,1648]" italics="true" pageId="3">Proplebeia dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD1FF89AFF0231DF68EF98B" bold="true" box="[673,693,1626,1647]" pageId="3">1.</emphasis>
male, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1178;
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD1FF89A933231DF04DF98B" bold="true" box="[1122,1142,1626,1647]" pageId="3">2.</emphasis>
worker, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1111. Scale = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD6FF8EAC7C24FBF07AF9F7" pageId="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD6FF8EAC7C24FBF5CBFCD7" blockId="4.[272,801,444,1731]" pageId="4">
DIAGNOSIS:
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EACEB24FBF627FE30" bold="true" box="[442,540,444,468]" pageId="4">Worker</emphasis>
. Body length ca. 3.0 mm; forewing length
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EAF4E249DF6F6FE15" box="[543,717,474,497]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.625" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="2.625" valueMax="2.75" valueMin="2.5">2.50­2.75 mm</quantity>
; malar area short, ca.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EAC9324B1F5EDFDEA" bold="true" box="[450,470,502,526]" pageId="4">½</emphasis>
the diameter of scape; yellow stripe on parocular areas extending above the antennal alveolus; emargination between mandibular denticles deep.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EAF8B2708F722FD83" bold="true" box="[730,793,591,615]" pageId="4">Male</emphasis>
. Integument black, smooth, and shiny; body length ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EACC027CDF63AFD45" box="[401,513,650,673]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.68" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="3.68">3.68 mm</quantity>
; flagellomeres ca. 1.7× longer than wide; S6 with long, wide, median projection, enlarged and bifid apically; S7 with a row of long hairs along the distal margin; gonostyli long, slender, and slightly broadened at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD6FF8EAC7C267DF71BFA32" blockId="4.[272,801,444,1731]" pageId="4">
The species was interpreted based on the original description of Wille and Chandler, which is very detailed in relation to both supraspecific and specific characters, and also on additional data provided by Michener (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EAC48268BF562FC07" author="Science" box="[281,345,972,995]" pageId="4" pagination="1241 - 1242" refId="ref11852" refString="1982. Ultrastructure of 40 million year old insect tissue. Science 215: 1241 - 1242." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
). Wille and Chandler presented the measurements, except length of the body and forewing, in units of the eyepiece reticle and there is no indication of the index of conversion into millimeters. In his 1979 paper (p. 269), Wille presented the conversion into millimeters of the depressed posterior rim and keirotrichiate area width of tibia III as 3: 9 units = 0.099:
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EACB421F0F659FB2A" box="[485,610,1207,1230]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="0.297">0.297 mm</quantity>
, which is obviously wrong. If the same proportion is applied to the head width, we have 72 =
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EAF8E21B5F506FAC2" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.376" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="2.376">2.376 mm</quantity>
(!), which is only a little shorter than the length of the forewing (
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EAF7D206BF6A7FAA7" box="[556,668,1324,1347]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.60 mm</quantity>
). However, in another text
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EAC8A200DF643FA85" author="Biol" box="[475,632,1354,1377]" firstAuthor="Wille" pageId="4" pagination="117 - 151" refId="ref12130" refString="1964. Notes on a primitive stingless bee Tri- gona (Nogueirapis) mirandula. Rev. Biol. Trop. 12 (1): 117 - 151." type="journal article" year="1964">Wille (1964)</bibRefCitation>
indicated on page 123 (footnote) a conversion factor of 1 unit =
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EAC3620C3F5D9FA7F" box="[359,482,1412,1435]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="0.017">0.017 mm</quantity>
, which results in measurements more similar to ours and which were used for comparisons in this study (
<tableCitation id="C6EB19E8FFD6FF8EAFEC20F8F734FA32" box="[701,783,1471,1494]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[743,817,183,202]" captionTargetBox="[238,1305,287,1520]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1 Measurements (mm) of Select Specimens of Proplebeia dominicana Holotype measurements are from the original descriptions by Wille and Chandler (1964)." pageId="4">table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD6FF8EAC7C209BF7B8FE5C" blockId="4.[272,801,444,1731]" lastBlockId="4.[848,1377,182,1731]" pageId="4">
Color of integument, punctation, pubescence, and size of the specimens examined agree perfectly with the description of Wille and Chandler. The yellow stripes on the sides of the mesoscutum (
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EACAD2314F65EF98E" box="[508,613,1619,1642]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
wide) are clearly visible only in specimen DR­14­1179; on the scutellum it is not possible to distinguish a yellow stripe in any of the specimens; thin layers of air bubbles, striations, or the position of cuts in the amber piece hinder a correct judgement. Also, specimen DR­14­1173 is too deformed and discolored. The yellow maculations in the lower parocular areas, clypeus, and supraclypeal area are clearly visible (fig. 2) in all specimens exactly as described and illustrated by Wille and Chandler.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD6FF8EAE3C24F9F0BEFB57" blockId="4.[848,1377,182,1731]" pageId="4">
There is disagreement between our specimens and some structural characters mentioned by Michener (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EA93324BEF099FDF4" author="Science" box="[1122,1186,505,528]" pageId="4" pagination="1241 - 1242" refId="ref11852" refString="1982. Ultrastructure of 40 million year old insect tissue. Science 215: 1241 - 1242." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
): the rastellum comprises seven to nine long, well differentiated, and apparently cylindrical bristles (ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EAE012716F039FD8C" box="[848,1026,593,616]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="0.095" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.09">0.09–0.10 mm</quantity>
), concentrated in the anterior corner of the inner side of the distal border of tibia, behind the tarsal articulation (fig. 4); the penicillum (fig. 3) is normal as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EA85927EEF15AFD24" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[1288,1377,681,704]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EA85927EEF15AFD24" box="[1288,1377,681,704]" italics="true" pageId="4">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s.s.) and
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EAE982780F062FD3A" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1953" box="[969,1113,711,734]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nogueirapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EAE982780F062FD3A" box="[969,1113,711,734]" italics="true" pageId="4">Nogueirapis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and it is not as long and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tibia as was indicated by Michener (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EA8452646F16FFCFC" author="Science" box="[1300,1364,769,792]" pageId="4" pagination="1241 - 1242" refId="ref11852" refString="1982. Ultrastructure of 40 million year old insect tissue. Science 215: 1241 - 1242." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
). In the less deformed specimens it is possible to see that the propodeum is not as vertical as it seems in the drawing presented by Michener (1990: 105, fig. 83), the slope being gentle as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EA94726D3F054FC4F" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[1046,1135,916,939]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EA94726D3F054FC4F" box="[1046,1135,916,939]" italics="true" pageId="4">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s.s.). The width of the keirotrichiate area, measured approximately at the middle of the tibia (specimen DR­14­1175), is
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EA94C26ABF0B3FBE7" box="[1053,1160,1004,1027]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
and the bare, depressed posterior rim is
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD6FF8EA925214EF0E5FBC4" box="[1140,1246,1033,1056]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
wide. The limit between the keirotrichiate area and the depressed posterior rim is clearly defined by a step (fig. 4). The malar area is not linear, its length being approximately equal to half the diameter of the scape.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD6FF8EAE3C21FEF07AF9F7" blockId="4.[848,1377,182,1731]" pageId="4">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EAE3C21FEF07FFB34" author="Wille, A." box="[877,1092,1209,1232]" pageId="4" refId="ref12182" refString="1979. Phylogeny and relationships among the genera and subgenera of the stingless bees (Meliponinae) of the world." title="Phylogeny and relationships among the genera and subgenera of the stingless bees (Meliponinae) of the world" type="journal article" year="1979">Wille (1979: 269)</bibRefCitation>
referred to some black specimens as
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EAEA12190F072FB0A" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[1008,1097,1239,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EAEA12190F072FB0A" box="[1008,1097,1239,1262]" italics="true" pageId="4">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EA90B2190F0BDFB0A" box="[1114,1158,1239,1262]" italics="true" pageId="4">s. s.</emphasis>
). Michener (1982: 41), who examined these same specimens, considered them to be
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EA93A2056F0D7FACC" authorityName="Michener" authorityYear="1982" box="[1131,1260,1297,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EA93A2056F0D7FACC" box="[1131,1260,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="4">Proplebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, possibly a species distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EA9322068F135FAA2" box="[1123,1294,1327,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EA9322068F135FAA2" box="[1123,1294,1327,1350]" italics="true" pageId="4">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD6FF8EAEC4200BF109FA87" author="Michener, C. D. &amp; G. O. Poinar, Jr." box="[917,1330,1356,1379]" journalOrPublisher="J. Kansas Entomol. Soc." pageId="4" pagination="353 - 361" part="69" refId="ref11664" refString="Michener, C. D., and G. O. Poinar, Jr. 1996. The known bee fauna of the Dominican Amber. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 69 (4) suppl.: 353 - 361." title="The known bee fauna of the Dominican Amber." type="journal article" year="1996">Michener and Poinar (1996: 354)</bibRefCitation>
referred to them only as color morphs of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EA816202EF7E2FA7A" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EA816202EF7E2FA7A" italics="true" pageId="4">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We examined the specimens mentioned by Michener (1982,
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EA98820E3F10CFA5F" authorityName="Jurine" authorityYear="1807" box="[1241,1335,1444,1467]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EA98820E3F10CFA5F" box="[1241,1335,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="4">Trigona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A, B, C, specimens of
<collectingRegion id="49ADE2B1FFD6FF8EA9692086F0B7FA3C" box="[1080,1164,1473,1496]" country="United States of America" name="Kansas" pageId="4">Kansas</collectingRegion>
University, Brodzinsky coll.) and consider them conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD6FF8EAEDF20BBF001F9F7" box="[910,1082,1532,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EAEDF20BBF001F9F7" box="[910,1082,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="4">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD6FF82AE3C235EF0ACFD50" lastPageId="8" pageId="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD6FF82AE3C235EF0ACFD50" blockId="4.[848,1377,182,1731]" lastBlockId="8.[848,1378,182,1731]" lastPageId="8" pageId="4">
DESCRIPTION:
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD6FF8EA947235EF067F9D5" bold="true" box="[1046,1116,1561,1585]" pageId="4">Male.</emphasis>
Based on specimen DR­14­1178, and details of genitalia and pregenital sterna of DR­14­954. Amber piece DR­14­1178 was cut in right angles that allowed examination in several positions. There are some bubbles, fractures, and fis­ sures, but the bee is well preserved (figs. 1, 5), practically without deformation, which permitted virtually exact measurements to be made. The bubbles over the spiracles (fig. 5) indicate that the bee was quickly immersed by the resin.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD7FF8FAE952371F066F9AA" bold="true" box="[964,1117,1590,1614]" pageId="5">Dimensions:</emphasis>
Approximate body length
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD7FF8FAED12313F7D7F98F" box="[896,1004,1620,1643]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.68" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="3.68">3.68 mm</quantity>
, forewing length, from apex of costal sclerite to wing tip
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD7FF8FA9CB2336F13CF96C" box="[1178,1287,1649,1672]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="2.75">2.75 mm</quantity>
(including tegula, 3.00 mm); maximum head width
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD7FF8FAE2C23EBF7D5F927" box="[893,1006,1708,1731]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.31" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="1.31">1.31 mm</quantity>
; metasoma width
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD7FF8FA98023EBF105F927" box="[1233,1342,1708,1731]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="0.98">0.98 mm</quantity>
(figs. 1, 5).
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD4FF8CACE12191F6FDFB0A" bold="true" box="[432,710,1238,1262]" pageId="6">Color of integument:</emphasis>
Black, lacking yellow markings except for one translucent spot on either side of the base of the scutellum (exactly as in worker DR­14­ 1111). Lower parocular area and distal edge of clypeus somewhat lighter, without yellow markings (specimen DR­14­954 is entirely black). Tarsi of all legs and wing veins light chestnut. Wing membrane hyaline.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD4FF8CAFEA2086F71BFA3D" bold="true" box="[699,800,1473,1497]" pageId="6">Pilosity:</emphasis>
Pale yellow over entire body. Decumbent, minute hairs covering whole face; vertex with unbranched erect hairs, longest hairs
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD4FF8CAC412371F544F9A9" box="[272,383,1590,1613]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
. Mesoscutum with sparse, slender, erect hairs, the longest ones on anterior corners ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD4FF8CAC202336F5E3F96C" box="[369,472,1649,1672]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
and those on posterior edge of scutellum ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD4FF8CACB623C9F66DF941" box="[487,598,1678,1701]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
(fig. 5). Pubescence on mesepisterna a little denser than on mesoscutum, increasing in length ventrad (
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD4FF8CAE0921B3F038FAEF" box="[856,1027,1268,1291]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="0.36" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.12">0.12–0.6 mm</quantity>
). Basal area of propodeum glabrous. Posterior edge of tibia III with unbranched hairs (ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD4FF8CA9012069F0FAFAA1" box="[1104,1217,1326,1349]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
long). T1­4 without perceptible pilosity, except some minute hairs laterally; sides of T5­7 with erect, unbranched hairs, denser and progressively longer on T6­7; the longest hairs on distal border of T7
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD4FF8CAEA82086F052FA3C" box="[1017,1129,1473,1496]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
. It was not possible to observe in detail the sternal pilosity in any of the specimens; only in DR­14­954 it is possible to see a row of erect unbranched hairs ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD4FF8CAE952371F00BF9A9" box="[964,1072,1590,1613]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
long, arranged regularly along the distal edge of S5 (figs. 6, 7).
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD4FF8CA86A2314F7F5F96D" bold="true" pageId="6">Integument:</emphasis>
Smooth and shiny, except for some sparse piligerous punctures. Punctures of head dense, owing to the dense micropi­ losity, distance between punctures ca. 1 to 2× puncture diameter. Mesoscutum shiny, with large spaces among bases of hairs (3 to 4× puncture diameter). Metasomal terga smooth and shiny.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDAFF82ACA9246CF71BFEA7" bold="true" box="[504,800,299,323]" pageId="8">Form and proportions:</emphasis>
Head wider than long (1.31: 1.00, length measured from apex of clypeus to upper tangent of median ocellus), approximately as wide as mesosoma (1.28, measured across mesepisterna) and wider than T2 (0.98). Eyes 2.1× longer than wide (0.84: 0.40) and convergent below; upper interorbital distance 0.75, maximum distance 0.78, and lower distance 0.50. Malar area linear. Clypeus 1.4× wider than long (0.48: 0.34), slightly convex; epistomal suture almost straight on sides (fig. 1). Labrum normal, slightly convex. Clypeocellar distance 0.64. Interalveolar distance nearly equal to diameter of antennal alveolus and slightly larger than alveolorbital distance (0.13: 0.14: 0.10). Frons slightly depressed along median line. Distance between lateral ocelli ca. 2.4× diameter of median ocellus and 3.1× ocellorbital distance (0.34: 0.14: 0.11). Vertex behind ocelli rounded; preoccipital ridge slightly rounded. Scape length 4.75× its diameter (0.38: 0.08) and ca.
<superScript id="7C1C811BFFDAFF82AF8B26F7F6DAFC5A" attach="right" box="[730,737,944,958]" fontSize="6" pageId="8">2</superScript>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDAFF82AFB026F5F6DEFC2E" bold="true" box="[737,741,946,970]" pageId="8">⁄</emphasis>
<subScript id="17ED2E16FFDAFF82AFB426FAF6D5FC2F" attach="left" box="[741,750,957,971]" fontSize="6" pageId="8">3</subScript>
distance between antennal alveolus and lateral ocellus (0.55). Flagellum plus pedicel (1.66) ca. 4× length of scape; flagellomeres ca. 1.7× longer than wide (the second one 0.16: 0.09). Scutellum in dorsal view an equilateral arch with rounded apex, 1.8× wider than long (0.50: 0.28) (it is possible that the scutellum is a little deformed because of dehydration in the amber). Forewing 2.9× longer than wide (2.75: 0.96); pterostigma 3.6× longer than wide (0.44: 0.12); marginal cell long and narrow (0.91: 0.20), its apex open; angle between Rs and Rs + M slightly acute (approximately 85°); first abscissa of M ca.
<superScript id="7C1C811BFFDAFF82AE5C200CF72FFABD" attach="right" box="[781,788,1355,1369]" fontSize="6" pageId="8">5</superScript>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDAFF82AE45200BF723FA80" bold="true" box="[788,792,1356,1380]" pageId="8">⁄</emphasis>
<subScript id="17ED2E16FFDAFF82AE46201FF71BFA82" attach="none" box="[791,800,1368,1382]" fontSize="6" pageId="8">7</subScript>
length of first abscissa of Cu (0.38: 0.54), and practically as long as Rs + M + second M. First submarginal cell almost entirely open, second abscissa of Rs forming a small projection. Second submarginal cell completely absent. Hamuli, 5–6. Tibia III subtriangular, 3.1× longer than wide (0.92: 0.30) slightly biconvex, posterodistal corner rounded. Basitarsus III 4.3× longer than wide (0.52: 0.12), flattened, lateral margins subparallel, distal edge in right angle. Details of the genitalia and pregenital sterna as in figures 6, 7. S5 unmodified, except for slightly concave distal border (with a transverse row of hairs); S6 with long, wide median projection [= apical process (Michener, 1990)], enlarged and bifid apically (figs. 6, 7); visible portion of S7 strongly sclerotized. Genitalia of specimen DR­14­954 is in triggered conformation, with penis valves directed laterally (as occurs during copulation in extant Meliponini), making study of certain structures difficult; gonocoxites not entirely visible nor is an unequivocal spatha. Penis valves very long (0.67 long per 0.11 wide at base), rather arched and pointed apically; gonostylus long and slender, exposed portion 0.61 long, 0.02 wide at its slightly broadened apex (figs. 6, 7).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF167CDBFFD7FF8FAFB625F0F0F3FEE6" pageId="5" startId="5.[743,817,183,202]" targetBox="[238,1305,287,1520]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD7FF8FAFB625F0F77EFF2E" blockId="5.[264,1224,183,258]" box="[743,837,183,202]" pageId="5">TABLE 1</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD7FF8FACCA2595F0F3FEE6" blockId="5.[264,1224,183,258]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD7FF8FACCA2595F0AAFF0C" bold="true" box="[411,1169,210,232]" pageId="5">
Measurements (mm) of Select Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD7FF8FAEC52594F0AAFF0C" box="[916,1169,211,232]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD7FF8FAEC52594F0AAFF0C" bold="true" box="[916,1169,211,232]" italics="true" pageId="5">Proplebeia dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Holotype measurements are from the original descriptions by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD7FF8FAEF325AAF0FFFEE6" author="Biol" box="[930,1220,237,258]" firstAuthor="Wille" pageId="5" pagination="117 - 151" refId="ref12130" refString="1964. Notes on a primitive stingless bee Tri- gona (Nogueirapis) mirandula. Rev. Biol. Trop. 12 (1): 117 - 151." type="journal article" year="1964">Wille and Chandler (1964)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD7FF8FAFDE2458F0E1FA14" pageId="5">
<table id="F969DEF3FFD70075ADBF2458F122FA14" box="[238,1305,287,1520]" gridcols="4" gridrows="46" pageId="5">
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2458F122FED6" box="[238,1305,287,306]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2458F707FED6" box="[655,828,287,306]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5">Male DR­14­1178</th>
<th id="7688476DFFD70075AE242458F00CFED6" box="[885,1079,287,306]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5">Worker DR­14­1111</th>
<th id="7688476DFFD70075A9222458F122FED6" box="[1139,1305,287,306]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5">Holotype, worker</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2400F122FEBE" box="[238,1305,327,346]" gridrow="1" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2400F677FEBE" box="[238,588,327,346]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5">1. Head width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2400F707FEBE" box="[655,828,327,346]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5">1.31</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242400F00CFEBE" box="[885,1079,327,346]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5">1.30</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222400F122FEBE" box="[1139,1305,327,346]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5">1.22 (72)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2425F122FE91" box="[238,1305,354,373]" gridrow="2" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2425F677FE91" box="[238,588,354,373]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5">2. Head length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2425F707FE91" box="[655,828,354,373]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5">1.00</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242425F00CFE91" box="[885,1079,354,373]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5">1.02</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222425F122FE91" box="[1139,1305,354,373]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF243AF122FE74" box="[238,1305,381,400]" gridrow="3" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF243AF677FE74" box="[238,588,381,400]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5">3. Mesosoma width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE243AF707FE74" box="[655,828,381,400]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5">1.28</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE24243AF00CFE74" box="[885,1079,381,400]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5">—</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A922243AF122FE74" box="[1139,1305,381,400]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF24D0F122FE4E" box="[238,1305,407,426]" gridrow="4" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF24D0F677FE4E" box="[238,588,407,426]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5">4. Tergum 2 width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE24D0F707FE4E" box="[655,828,407,426]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5">0.98</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2424D0F00CFE4E" box="[885,1079,407,426]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5">—</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92224D0F122FE4E" box="[1139,1305,407,426]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF24F5F122FE21" box="[238,1305,434,453]" gridrow="5" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF24F5F677FE21" box="[238,588,434,453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5">5. Eye length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE24F5F707FE21" box="[655,828,434,453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5">0.84</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2424F5F00CFE21" box="[885,1079,434,453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5">0.84</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92224F5F122FE21" box="[1139,1305,434,453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5">0.80 (47)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF248AF122FE04" box="[238,1305,461,480]" gridrow="6" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF248AF677FE04" box="[238,588,461,480]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5">6. Eye width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE248AF707FE04" box="[655,828,461,480]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5">0.40</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE24248AF00CFE04" box="[885,1079,461,480]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5">0.36</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A922248AF122FE04" box="[1139,1305,461,480]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF24A0F122FE1E" box="[238,1305,487,506]" gridrow="7" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF24A0F677FE1E" box="[238,588,487,506]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5">7. Upper interorbital distance</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE24A0F707FE1E" box="[655,828,487,506]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5">0.75</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2424A0F00CFE1E" box="[885,1079,487,506]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5">0.84</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92224A0F122FE1E" box="[1139,1305,487,506]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5">0.76 (45)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2745F122FDF1" box="[238,1305,514,533]" gridrow="8" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2745F677FDF1" box="[238,588,514,533]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5">8. Maximum interorbital distance</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2745F707FDF1" box="[655,828,514,533]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5">0.78</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242745F00CFDF1" box="[885,1079,514,533]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5">0.89</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222745F122FDF1" box="[1139,1305,514,533]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="5">0.82 (48)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF275AF122FDD4" box="[238,1305,541,560]" gridrow="9" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF275AF677FDD4" box="[238,588,541,560]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="5">9. Lower interorbital distance</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE275AF707FDD4" box="[655,828,541,560]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="5">0.50</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE24275AF00CFDD4" box="[885,1079,541,560]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="5">0.68</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A922275AF122FDD4" box="[1139,1305,541,560]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="5">0.65 (38)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2770F122FDAE" box="[238,1305,567,586]" gridrow="10" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2770F677FDAE" box="[238,588,567,586]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="5">10. Clypeus length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2770F707FDAE" box="[655,828,567,586]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="5">0.34</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242770F00CFDAE" box="[885,1079,567,586]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="5">0.23</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222770F122FDAE" box="[1139,1305,567,586]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2715F122FD81" box="[238,1305,594,613]" gridrow="11" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2715F677FD81" box="[238,588,594,613]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="5">11. Clypeus width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2715F707FD81" box="[655,828,594,613]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="5">0.48</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242715F00CFD81" box="[885,1079,594,613]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="5">0.54</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222715F122FD81" box="[1139,1305,594,613]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF272AF122FD64" box="[238,1305,621,640]" gridrow="12" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF272AF677FD64" box="[238,588,621,640]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="5">12. Clypeocellar distance</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE272AF707FD64" box="[655,828,621,640]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="5">0.64</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE24272AF00CFD64" box="[885,1079,621,640]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="5">0.70</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A922272AF122FD64" box="[1139,1305,621,640]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF27C0F122FD7E" box="[238,1305,647,666]" gridrow="13" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF27C0F677FD7E" box="[238,588,647,666]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="5">13. Malar area length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE27C0F707FD7E" box="[655,828,647,666]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="5">linear</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2427C0F00CFD7E" box="[885,1079,647,666]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="5">0.04</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92227C0F122FD7E" box="[1139,1305,647,666]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="5">0.05 (3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF27E5F122FD51" box="[238,1305,674,693]" gridrow="14" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF27E5F677FD51" box="[238,588,674,693]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="5">14. Interalveolar distance</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE27E5F707FD51" box="[655,828,674,693]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="5">0.13</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2427E5F00CFD51" box="[885,1079,674,693]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="5">0.16</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92227E5F122FD51" box="[1139,1305,674,693]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="5">0.15 (9)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF27FAF122FD34" box="[238,1305,701,720]" gridrow="15" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF27FAF677FD34" box="[238,588,701,720]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="5">15. Alveolus diameter</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE27FAF707FD34" box="[655,828,701,720]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="5">0.14</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2427FAF00CFD34" box="[885,1079,701,720]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="5">0.14</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92227FAF122FD34" box="[1139,1305,701,720]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="5">0.12 (7)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2790F122FD0E" box="[238,1305,727,746]" gridrow="16" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2790F677FD0E" box="[238,588,727,746]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="5">16. Alveolorbital distance</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2790F707FD0E" box="[655,828,727,746]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="5">0.10</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242790F00CFD0E" box="[885,1079,727,746]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="5">0.16</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222790F122FD0E" box="[1139,1305,727,746]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="5">0.17 (10)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF27B5F122FCE1" box="[238,1305,754,773]" gridrow="17" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF27B5F677FCE1" box="[238,588,754,773]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="5">17. Scape length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE27B5F707FCE1" box="[655,828,754,773]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="5">0.38</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2427B5F00CFCE1" box="[885,1079,754,773]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="5">0.40</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92227B5F122FCE1" box="[1139,1305,754,773]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF264AF122FCC4" box="[238,1305,781,800]" gridrow="18" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF264AF677FCC4" box="[238,588,781,800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="5">18. Scape width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE264AF707FCC4" box="[655,828,781,800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="5">0.08</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE24264AF00CFCC4" box="[885,1079,781,800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="5">0.08</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A922264AF122FCC4" box="[1139,1305,781,800]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2660F122FCDE" box="[238,1305,807,826]" gridrow="19" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2660F677FCDE" box="[238,588,807,826]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="5">19. Length of pedicel plus flagellum</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2660F707FCDE" box="[655,828,807,826]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="5">1.66</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242660F00CFCDE" box="[885,1079,807,826]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="5">—</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222660F122FCDE" box="[1139,1305,807,826]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2605F122FCB1" box="[238,1305,834,853]" gridrow="20" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2605F677FCB1" box="[238,588,834,853]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="5">20. Alveolus­lateral ocellus distance</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2605F707FCB1" box="[655,828,834,853]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="5">0.55</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242605F00CFCB1" box="[885,1079,834,853]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="5">0.58</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222605F122FCB1" box="[1139,1305,834,853]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="5">0.65 (38)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF261AF122FC94" box="[238,1305,861,880]" gridrow="21" pageId="5" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A922261AF122FC94" box="[1139,1305,861,880]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="5">(lateral ocellus?)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2631F122FC6E" box="[238,1305,886,906]" gridrow="22" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2631F677FC6E" box="[238,588,886,906]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="5">21. 1st flagellomere length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2631F707FC6E" box="[655,828,886,906]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="5">0.16</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242631F00CFC6E" box="[885,1079,886,906]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="5">—</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222631F122FC6E" box="[1139,1305,886,906]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF26D6F122FC41" box="[238,1305,913,933]" gridrow="23" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF26D6F677FC41" box="[238,588,913,933]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="5">22. 2nd flagellomere length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE26D6F707FC41" box="[655,828,913,933]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="5">0.15</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2426D6F00CFC41" box="[885,1079,913,933]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="5">—</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92226D6F122FC41" box="[1139,1305,913,933]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF26EBF122FC24" box="[238,1305,940,960]" gridrow="24" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF26EBF677FC24" box="[238,588,940,960]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="5">23. 3rd flagellomere length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE26EBF707FC24" box="[655,828,940,960]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="5">0.15</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2426EBF00CFC24" box="[885,1079,940,960]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="5">0.08</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92226EBF122FC24" box="[1139,1305,940,960]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2681F122FC3E" box="[238,1305,966,986]" gridrow="25" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2681F677FC3E" box="[238,588,966,986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="5">24. 3rd flagellomere diameter</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2681F707FC3E" box="[655,828,966,986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="5">0.09</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242681F00CFC3E" box="[885,1079,966,986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="5">0.08</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222681F122FC3E" box="[1139,1305,966,986]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF26A5F122FC11" box="[238,1305,994,1013]" gridrow="26" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF26A5F677FC11" box="[238,588,994,1013]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="5">25. Distance between lateral ocelli</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE26A5F707FC11" box="[655,828,994,1013]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="5">0.34</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2426A5F00CFC11" box="[885,1079,994,1013]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="5">0.26</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92226A5F122FC11" box="[1139,1305,994,1013]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF26BAF122FBF4" box="[238,1305,1021,1040]" gridrow="27" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF26BAF677FBF4" box="[238,588,1021,1040]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="5">26. Median ocellus diameter</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE26BAF707FBF4" box="[655,828,1021,1040]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="5">0.14</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2426BAF00CFBF4" box="[885,1079,1021,1040]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="5">0.11</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92226BAF122FBF4" box="[1139,1305,1021,1040]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="5">0.10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2150F122FBCE" box="[238,1305,1047,1066]" gridrow="28" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2150F677FBCE" box="[238,588,1047,1066]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="5">27. Ocellorbital distance</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2150F707FBCE" box="[655,828,1047,1066]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="5">0.11</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242150F00CFBCE" box="[885,1079,1047,1066]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="5">0.18</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222150F122FBCE" box="[1139,1305,1047,1066]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="5">0.17 (10)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2175F122FBA1" box="[238,1305,1074,1093]" gridrow="29" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2175F677FBA1" box="[238,588,1074,1093]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="5">28. Scutellum length: width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2175F707FBA1" box="[655,828,1074,1093]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="5">0.28:0.50</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242175F00CFBA1" box="[885,1079,1074,1093]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="5">0.26:0.44</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222175F122FBA1" box="[1139,1305,1074,1093]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF210AF122FB84" box="[238,1305,1101,1120]" gridrow="30" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF210AF677FB84" box="[238,588,1101,1120]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="5">29. Mesoscutum length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE210AF707FB84" box="[655,828,1101,1120]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="5">—</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE24210AF00CFB84" box="[885,1079,1101,1120]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="5">0.80</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A922210AF122FB84" box="[1139,1305,1101,1120]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2120F122FB9E" box="[238,1305,1127,1146]" gridrow="31" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2120F677FB9E" box="[238,588,1127,1146]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="5">30. Marginal cell length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2120F707FB9E" box="[655,828,1127,1146]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="5">0.91</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242120F00CFB9E" box="[885,1079,1127,1146]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="5">0.92</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222120F122FB9E" box="[1139,1305,1127,1146]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF21C5F122FB71" box="[238,1305,1154,1173]" gridrow="32" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF21C5F677FB71" box="[238,588,1154,1173]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="5">31. Marginal cell width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE21C5F707FB71" box="[655,828,1154,1173]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="5">0.20</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2421C5F00CFB71" box="[885,1079,1154,1173]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="5">0.21</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92221C5F122FB71" box="[1139,1305,1154,1173]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF21DAF122FB54" box="[238,1305,1181,1200]" gridrow="33" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF21DAF677FB54" box="[238,588,1181,1200]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="5">32. Forewing length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE21DAF707FB54" box="[655,828,1181,1200]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="5">2.75</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2421DAF00CFB54" box="[885,1079,1181,1200]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="5">2.68</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92221DAF122FB54" box="[1139,1305,1181,1200]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="5">2.60</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF21F1F122FB2E" box="[238,1305,1206,1226]" gridrow="34" pageId="5" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2421F1F00CFB2E" box="[885,1079,1206,1226]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="5">(+tegula 3,12)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2195F122FB01" box="[238,1305,1234,1253]" gridrow="35" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2195F677FB01" box="[238,588,1234,1253]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="5">33. Forewing width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2195F707FB01" box="[655,828,1234,1253]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="5">0.96</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242195F00CFB01" box="[885,1079,1234,1253]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="5">1.08</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222195F122FB01" box="[1139,1305,1234,1253]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF21AAF122FAE4" box="[238,1305,1261,1280]" gridrow="36" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF21AAF677FAE4" box="[238,588,1261,1280]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="5">34. Tibia III length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE21AAF707FAE4" box="[655,828,1261,1280]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="5">0.92</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2421AAF00CFAE4" box="[885,1079,1261,1280]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="5">0.96</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92221AAF122FAE4" box="[1139,1305,1261,1280]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2040F122FAFE" box="[238,1305,1287,1306]" gridrow="37" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2040F677FAFE" box="[238,588,1287,1306]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="5">35. Tibia III width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2040F707FAFE" box="[655,828,1287,1306]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="5">0.30</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242040F00CFAFE" box="[885,1079,1287,1306]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="5">0.37</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222040F122FAFE" box="[1139,1305,1287,1306]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2065F122FAD1" box="[238,1305,1314,1333]" gridrow="38" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2065F677FAD1" box="[238,588,1314,1333]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="5">36. Basitarsus III length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2065F707FAD1" box="[655,828,1314,1333]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="5">0.52</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242065F00CFAD1" box="[885,1079,1314,1333]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="5">0.42</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222065F122FAD1" box="[1139,1305,1314,1333]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF207AF122FAB4" box="[238,1305,1341,1360]" gridrow="39" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF207AF677FAB4" box="[238,588,1341,1360]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="5">37. Basitarsus III width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE207AF707FAB4" box="[655,828,1341,1360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="5">0.12</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE24207AF00CFAB4" box="[885,1079,1341,1360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="5">0.19</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A922207AF122FAB4" box="[1139,1305,1341,1360]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2010F122FA8E" box="[238,1305,1367,1386]" gridrow="40" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2010F677FA8E" box="[238,588,1367,1386]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="5">38. Hamuli</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2010F707FA8E" box="[655,828,1367,1386]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="5">5–6</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242010F00CFA8E" box="[885,1079,1367,1386]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="5">5</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222010F122FA8E" box="[1139,1305,1367,1386]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2035F122FA61" box="[238,1305,1394,1413]" gridrow="41" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2035F677FA61" box="[238,588,1394,1413]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="5">39. Pterostigma length: width</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2035F707FA61" box="[655,828,1394,1413]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="5">0.44:0.12</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242035F00CFA61" box="[885,1079,1394,1413]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="5">0.50:0.12</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222035F122FA61" box="[1139,1305,1394,1413]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF20CBF122FA44" box="[238,1305,1420,1440]" gridrow="42" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF20CBF677FA44" box="[238,588,1420,1440]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="5">40. 1st abscissa of M</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE20CBF707FA44" box="[655,828,1420,1440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="5">0.38</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2420CBF00CFA44" box="[885,1079,1420,1440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="5">0.39</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92220CBF122FA44" box="[1139,1305,1420,1440]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF20E1F122FA5E" box="[238,1305,1446,1466]" gridrow="43" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF20E1F677FA5E" box="[238,588,1446,1466]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="5">41. 1st abscissa of Cu</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE20E1F707FA5E" box="[655,828,1446,1466]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="5">0.54</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE2420E1F00CFA5E" box="[885,1079,1446,1466]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="5">0.56</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A92220E1F122FA5E" box="[1139,1305,1446,1466]" gridcol="3" gridrow="43" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF2086F122FA31" box="[238,1305,1473,1493]" gridrow="44" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF2086F677FA31" box="[238,588,1473,1493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="44" pageId="5">42. Rs + M + 2nd abscissa M</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE2086F707FA31" box="[655,828,1473,1493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="5">0.36</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE242086F00CFA31" box="[885,1079,1473,1493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="5">0.40</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A9222086F122FA31" box="[1139,1305,1473,1493]" gridcol="3" gridrow="44" pageId="5">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35592E11FFD70075ADBF209AF122FA14" box="[238,1305,1501,1520]" gridrow="45" pageId="5">
<th id="7688476DFFD70075ADBF209AF677FA14" box="[238,588,1501,1520]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="5">43. Total body length</th>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AFDE209AF707FA14" box="[655,828,1501,1520]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="5">3.68</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075AE24209AF00CFA14" box="[885,1079,1501,1520]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="5">3.20</td>
<td id="7688476DFFD70075A922209AF122FA14" box="[1139,1305,1501,1520]" gridcol="3" gridrow="45" pageId="5">2.95</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF167CDBFFD4FF8CAC7B2124F15AFB76" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110986" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10110986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10110986/files/figure.png" pageId="6" startId="6.[298,346,1123,1144]" targetBox="[380,1269,183,1097]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD4FF8CAC7B2124F15AFB76" blockId="6.[272,1377,1122,1170]" pageId="6">
Figs. 3, 4.
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD4FF8CACFC2124F698FB9C" box="[429,675,1123,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD4FF8CACFC2124F698FB9C" box="[429,675,1123,1144]" italics="true" pageId="6">Proplebeia dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, tibia III.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD4FF8CAE5C2125F71BFB93" bold="true" box="[781,800,1122,1143]" pageId="6">3.</emphasis>
outer surface, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1179;
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD4FF8CA8402125F11FFB93" bold="true" box="[1297,1316,1122,1143]" pageId="6">4.</emphasis>
inner surface, detail of the keirotrichiate area and rastellum, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1175. Scale = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF167CDBFFD5FF8DAF1E2057F233FAC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110988" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10110988" box="[591,1544,1295,1317]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10110988/files/figure.png" pageId="7" startId="7.[591,629,1296,1317]" targetBox="[416,1721,248,1264]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD5FF8DAF1E2057F233FAC1" blockId="7.[591,1544,1295,1317]" box="[591,1544,1295,1317]" pageId="7">
Fig. 5.
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD5FF8DAFFE2057F79CFAC1" box="[687,935,1296,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD5FF8DAFFE2057F79CFAC1" box="[687,935,1296,1317]" italics="true" pageId="7">Proplebeia dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1178. Scale = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFDAFF82AE3C27FCF7BBFBE6" pageId="8" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDAFF82AE3C27FCF7BBFBE6" blockId="8.[848,1378,182,1731]" pageId="8">
<materialsCitation id="3B01260EFFDAFF82AE3C27FCF7E6FCEB" collectionCode="AMNH-DR" collectorName="Brodzinsky" country="Dominican Republic" location="University of Kansas" pageId="8" specimenCode="AMNH-DR-14-1178, DR-14-954, DR-14-1174, DR-14-812" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4">
MATERIAL EXAMINED:
<specimenCount id="9D6FE7DAFFDAFF82A93E27FCF0C8FD36" box="[1135,1267,699,722]" count="4" pageId="8" type="male">Four males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDAFF82A9AF27FCF7DDFD15" pageId="8">AMNH­DR­14­1178</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDAFF82AEA8279DF0BBFD15" box="[1017,1152,730,753]" pageId="8">DR­14­954</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDAFF82A9C5279DF11CFD15" box="[1172,1319,730,753]" pageId="8">DR­14­1174</specimenCode>
and
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDAFF82AE0127BFF7E3FCEB" box="[848,984,760,783]" pageId="8">DR­14­812</specimenCode>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B01260EFFDAFF82AEBC27BFF747FBE6" collectionCode="AMNH-DR" collectorName="Brodzinsky" country="Dominican Republic" location="Dominican Republic" pageId="8" specimenCode="AMNH-1 DR-14-1111, DR-14-1173, DR-14-1175, DR-14- 1176, DR-14-1179" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-worker="8">
<specimenCount id="9D6FE7DAFFDAFF82AEBC27BFF0A2FCEB" box="[1005,1177,760,783]" count="8" pageId="8" type="worker">eight workers</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDAFF82A9FC27BFF788FCC9" pageId="8">AMNH­1 DR­14­1111</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDAFF82AE902651F06CFCC9" box="[961,1111,790,813]" pageId="8">DR­14­1173</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDAFF82A9342651F0C0FCC9" box="[1125,1275,790,813]" pageId="8">DR­14­1175</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDAFF82A8562651F7B6FCA8" pageId="8">DR­14­ 1176</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDAFF82AECD2672F014FCA8" box="[924,1071,821,844]" pageId="8">DR­14­1179</specimenCode>
(these selected as particularly well preserved) and three unnumbered ones from the Natural History Museum of the University of Kansas, Snow Hall (
<collectorName id="269C4985FFDAFF82A84A26D7F7A7FC21" pageId="8">Brodzinsky</collectorName>
coll.); all from the
<collectingCountry id="F37E6CC3FFDAFF82A9D326E9F74BFC00" pageId="8">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
, as described under Materials and Methods
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFDAFF82AE3C214DF124F927" pageId="8" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDAFF82AE3C214DF058FAB7" blockId="8.[848,1378,182,1731]" pageId="8">
REMARKS: We tentatively interpreted the specimens listed above as males of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDAFF82A850216FF79CFBBA" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDAFF82A850216FF79CFBBA" italics="true" pageId="8">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The males are very similar to the workers in size, conformation of the wing veins, and the yellow markings on the base of scutellum. The wings are the only structures that usually do not exhibit sexual dimorphism in Meliponini. Even for most extant species, it is only possible to associate sexes with confidence when they are collect­ ed together in the nest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDAFF82AE3C201DF124F927" blockId="8.[848,1378,182,1731]" pageId="8">
The main autapomorphies of male
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDAFF82A855201CF79CFA74" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDAFF82A855201CF79CFA74" italics="true" pageId="8">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are: very long flagellomeres, ca. 1.7× longer than wide (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFDAFF82A93720DFF7B6FA29" author="Michener, C. D. &amp; G. O. Poinar, Jr." journalOrPublisher="J. Kansas Entomol. Soc." pageId="8" pagination="353 - 361" part="69" refId="ref11664" refString="Michener, C. D., and G. O. Poinar, Jr. 1996. The known bee fauna of the Dominican Amber. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 69 (4) suppl.: 353 - 361." title="The known bee fauna of the Dominican Amber." type="journal article" year="1996">Michener and Poinar, 1996</bibRefCitation>
, mentioned 3× longer than wide, which does not correspond to their figure 8, p. 357, where the proportion is ca. 2:1), S6 with median projection very long and broad, and apically bifid, and S7 with a row of long hairs along the distal margin [superficially similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDAFF82AE292328F16EF961" authority="(Rayment, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="Rayment" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[888,1365,1646,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Austroplebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="symei">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDAFF82AE292328F054F962" box="[888,1135,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="8">Austroplebeia symei</emphasis>
(Rayment, 1932)
</taxonomicName>
]. Other comments are given under
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDAFF82A9B923CAF15BF940" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[1256,1376,1677,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tantilla">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDAFF82A9B923CAF15BF940" box="[1256,1376,1677,1700]" italics="true" pageId="8">P. tantilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Remarks, and under Discussion below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:mods id="EE4088191C5644B61E370189FA17A1CF" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="E35DEB8224AC89F31F56225E2C1126D0">The Extinct Fauna of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) in Dominican Amber: Two New Species and Redescription of the Male of Proplebeia dominicana (Wille and Chandler)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E3D072DF55D7C5A783B078BCF9D5BAF4">CAMARGO, JOÃO M. F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6C88091B3BBAF5ADA0FB163ED12263FE">Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto — USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040 ­ 901 — Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil (JMFC is CNPq fellow researcher, Proc. 300014 / 84 ­ 8 RN)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="10968AEE4ADE0721B9BA34C12FF37BBC" type="email">jmfdcama@usp.br &amp; jmafcama@ffclrp.usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="9A0476A5AEE37F0820DD7D5FD0B0392C">GRIMALDI, DAVID, A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="890CEC2FB1544294397226791254BAAF">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="091FDFDA3A95C2F5088BC67C43956B72" type="email">grimaldi@amnh.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="81145B798647B7C379BAD45EFB16CF8A">PEDRO, SILVIA R. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3693FEB5DF4B1DCC1DF88ED868CC1776">Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto — USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040 ­ 901 — Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil (JMFC is CNPq fellow researcher, Proc. 300014 / 84 ­ 8 RN)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="B08402DBFC81DDFCC95A7CF1139CB96E">2000</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C09D45FFD8FF86AC0B2036F603FA64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C09D45FFD8FF86AC0B2036F603FA64" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C09D45FFD8FF86AC0B2036F603FA64" lastPageId="12" pageId="10">
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD8FF80AC0B2036F6EDFA6C" box="[346,726,1393,1416]" pageId="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD8FF80AC0B2036F6EDFA6C" blockId="10.[346,726,1393,1416]" box="[346,726,1393,1416]" pageId="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD8FF80AC0B2036F60CFA6C" authority="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO, 2000" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[346,567,1393,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vetusta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD8FF80AC0B2036F60CFA6C" box="[346,567,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="10">Proplebeia vetusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFD8FF80AF192036F6EDFA6C" box="[584,726,1393,1416]" pageId="10" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD8FF80ACF820D7F6BCFA41" box="[425,647,1424,1445]" pageId="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD8FF80ACF820D7F6BCFA41" blockId="10.[425,647,1424,1445]" box="[425,647,1424,1445]" pageId="10">
<heading id="D09E9B3FFFD8FF80ACF820D7F6BCFA41" box="[425,647,1424,1445]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="10" reason="7">
<figureCitation id="135230D6FFD8FF80ACF820D7F635FA41" box="[425,526,1424,1445]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="10.[298,346,1267,1288]" captionTargetBox="[340,1310,189,1236]" captionTargetId="figure-39@10.[331,1318,176,1245]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs. 8–10. Forewing, worker; 8. Proplebeia vetusta, sp.n., holotype, specimen, AMNH­DR­14­854; 9. Proplebeia dominicana, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1175; 10. Proplebeia tantilla, sp. n., paratype, specimen AMNH­DR­14­911. Scale = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110992" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10110992/files/figure.png" pageId="10">Figures 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135230D6FFD8FF80AF4D20D7F65BFA41" box="[540,608,1424,1445]" captionStart-0="Figs" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="13.[264,312,1205,1226]" captionStartId-1="14.[341,379,1605,1626]" captionTargetBox-0="[257,1323,189,1173]" captionTargetBox-1="[484,1174,184,1574]" captionTargetId-0="figure-36@13.[250,1331,176,1184]" captionTargetId-1="figure-37@14.[468,1180,176,1584]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="Figs. 11–13. Proplebeia vetusta, sp. n., holotype, AMNH­DR­14­1481, head, detail of mandible, tibia and tarsus III, detail of penicillum and rastellum. Minor scale bar = 1.0 mm (fig. 11), large scale bar = 1.0 mm (figs. 12–13)." captionText-1="Fig. 14. Proplebeia vetusta, sp. n., holotype, AMNH­DR­14­1481. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110994" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110996" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10110994/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10110996/files/figure.png" pageId="10">11–14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135230D6FFD8FF80AF3C20D7F6BCFA41" box="[621,647,1424,1445]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[264,302,1683,1704]" captionTargetBox="[352,1227,189,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-34@19.[352,1227,189,1661]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 22. Photomicrographs of Proplebeia vetusta, sp. n., worker, paratype, AMNH­DR­14­1440. Scale = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10111004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10111004/files/figure.png" pageId="10">22</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD8FF80AC4120FFF550FA0C" pageId="10" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD8FF80AC4120FFF550FA0C" blockId="10.[272,800,1464,1512]" pageId="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD8FF80AC4120FFF5B7FA29" box="[272,396,1464,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD8FF80AC4120FFF55BFA29" box="[272,352,1464,1485]" italics="true" pageId="10">Plebeia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFD8FF80ACCC20FFF612FA29" author="Poinar, G. O., Jr." box="[413,553,1464,1485]" pageId="10" refId="ref11819" refString="1994" type="journal article" year="1994">Poinar, 1994</bibRefCitation>
b: 73, fig 2 (fossil review).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD8FF80AC7C20BBF7C6FA1F" pageId="10" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD8FF80AC7C20BBF7C6FA1F" blockId="10.[272,801,1531,1731]" lastBlockId="10.[848,1377,1393,1731]" pageId="10">
DIAGNOSIS:
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD8FF80ACE720BCF61BF9F7" bold="true" box="[438,544,1531,1555]" pageId="10">Worker.</emphasis>
Differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD8FF80AF9220BBF55CF9D4" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD8FF80AF9220BBF55CF9D4" italics="true" pageId="10">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the large body size (
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD8FF80AFF6235EF57AF9A9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="4.1" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="3.8">3.80–4.40 mm</quantity>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD8FF80AC0B2370F62BF9AA" box="[346,528,1591,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD8FF80AC0B2370F62BF9AA" box="[346,528,1591,1614]" italics="true" pageId="10">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 3.0 mm), forewing length (2.88–3.16;
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD8FF80ACA12313F6A0F98F" box="[496,667,1620,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD8FF80ACA12313F6A0F98F" box="[496,667,1620,1643]" italics="true" pageId="10">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD8FF80AFFB2313F579F96C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.625" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="2.625" valueMax="2.75" valueMin="2.5">2.50–2.75 mm</quantity>
); malar area a little longer than diameter of scape; clypeus yellowish on distal third; parocular areas with a yellow stripe, slightly truncate above the tentorial pits (in
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFD8FF80A8722036F7BCFA41" pageId="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
); and mandible with only a slight emargination separating the two denticles (in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD8FF80A81620ECF7E2FA3B" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD8FF80A81620ECF7E2FA3B" italics="true" pageId="10">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the emargination between denticles is deep).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD8FF81AE3F2347F0B6F941" lastPageId="11" pageId="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD8FF81AE3F2347F0B6F941" blockId="10.[848,1377,1393,1731]" lastBlockId="11.[814,1343,182,1731]" lastPageId="11" pageId="10">
DESCRIPTION:
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD8FF80A94F2347F0BEF9FC" bold="true" box="[1054,1157,1536,1560]" pageId="10">Worker</emphasis>
(AMNH­DR­14­ 1481).
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD8FF80AEE5235AF063F9D1" bold="true" box="[948,1112,1565,1589]" pageId="10">Dimensions:</emphasis>
Approximate body length
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD8FF80AEE1237DF01DF9B5" box="[944,1062,1594,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.80 mm</quantity>
(metasoma quite compressed; in
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFD8FF80AEB92311F05BF989" box="[1000,1120,1622,1645]" pageId="10" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
AMNH­DR­14­854 and DR­14­1440 approximate body length 4.40 and
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD8FF80AE9823C8F001F942" box="[969,1082,1679,1702]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.32" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="4.32">4.32 mm</quantity>
, respectively); forewing length
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD8FF80AEF223EBF035F927" box="[931,1038,1708,1731]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.88" pageId="10" unit="mm" value="2.88">2.88 mm</quantity>
from apex of costal sclerite to wing tip (including tegula,
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AF0E25F1F6F5FF29" box="[607,718,182,205]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.24" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="3.24">3.24 mm</quantity>
), in the
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFD9FF81AC482593F546FF0F" box="[281,381,212,235]" pageId="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
DR­14­854,
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AF492593F644FF0F" box="[536,639,212,235]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="3.16">3.16 mm</quantity>
(including tegula,
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AC1625B6F58DFEEC" box="[327,438,241,264]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.72" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="3.72">3.72 mm</quantity>
), and in DR­14­1440, 3.00 mm (including tegula,
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AF502449F64AFEC1" box="[513,625,270,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.44" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="3.44">3.44 mm</quantity>
); maximum head width
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AC2A246BF5D3FEA7" box="[379,488,300,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="1.55">1.55 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81ACA7246CF6C5FEA7" bold="true" box="[502,766,299,323]" pageId="11">Color of integument:</emphasis>
Black, including antennal scapes, except tarsomeres, chestnut and trochanters discolored, translucent; head with following parts diffuse yellowish: distal third of clypeus, lower parocular area to tentorial pit, supraclypeal area between antennal alveolus, and labrum; mandibles dark chestnut. Mesonotum black, devoid of yellow markings. Forewing C and R veins and tegulae dark chestnut; pterostigma with translucent spot in middle; wing membrane hyaline.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81ACCD2729F639FD62" bold="true" box="[412,514,622,646]" pageId="11">Pilosity:</emphasis>
Pale yellow over entire body. Decumbent, pale, minute plumose hairs covering entire face. Erect, unbranched hairs sparse on upper half of frons and increasing in number and length toward vertex; longest hairs on vertex ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AF7A2646F6ACFCFC" box="[555,663,769,792]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
; ones on scape
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AC682659F592FCD1" box="[313,425,798,821]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
. Labial palpi with 3–4 long hairs (
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AC6B267BF5D4FCB7" box="[314,495,828,851]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.175" valueMax="0.18" valueMin="0.17">0.17–0.18 mm</quantity>
). Longest hairs on labrum
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AC69261EF593FC94" box="[312,424,857,880]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
. Mesoscutum with fine, decumbent, unbranched micropilosity a little sparser than on head; erect hairs sparser on discal area and more abundant and longer (
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81ADA72689F558FC01" box="[246,355,974,997]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
) on anterior corners; longest hairs on scutellum
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81ACDC26ABF5CEFBE7" box="[397,501,1004,1027]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
on ventral part of mesepisterna
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AC3D214EF620FBC4" box="[364,539,1033,1056]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.14" valueMax="0.16" valueMin="0.12">0.12–0.16 mm</quantity>
. Basal area of propodeum glabrous. Posterior border of tibia III with unbranched hairs, the longest ones ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81ADBF2126F561FB9C" box="[238,346,1121,1144]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
. Only basal half of inner surface of tibia III visible (fig. 14); in wider visible part, corresponding approximately to middle of tibia, keirotrichiate area ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81AF1721FEF689FB34" box="[582,690,1209,1232]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
wide, posterior rim glabrous (clearly depressed, forming a step), ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81ACBE21B3F667FAEF" box="[495,604,1268,1291]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
wide. Externally tibiae partially covered by amorphous substance (pollen?) and air bubbles, but it is possible to verify that the penicillum is normal, as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD9FF81AC21202EF5F2FA64" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[368,457,1385,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81AC21202EF5F2FA64" box="[368,457,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="11">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s.s.); posterior parapenicillum with long, slender hairs and anterior parapenicillum well differentiated with a row of at least eight stiff hairs; rastellum apex visible with at least seven stiff, spinelike hairs. Microtrichia on wing membrane ferruginous and as long as hair interspaces (ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFD9FF81ADBF2371F55CF9A9" box="[238,359,1590,1613]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
). T1 practically glabrous, only some minute hairs on sides; other terga and sterna covered by wings, legs, bubbles, and a whitish substance.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81ACAB23C9F6A8F942" bold="true" box="[506,659,1678,1702]" pageId="11">Integument:</emphasis>
Smooth and shiny as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD9FF81ACF623EBF681F927" box="[423,698,1708,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81ACF623EBF681F927" box="[423,698,1708,1731]" italics="true" pageId="11">Proplebeia dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; only piligerous punctures present.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81A9D425F1F7A5FF0F" bold="true" pageId="11">Form and proportions:</emphasis>
Head 1.2× wider than long (1.55: 1.28, length measured from the apex of clypeus to upper tangent of median ocellus), a little narrower than mesosoma (1.66, measured across mesepisterna). Eyes 2.38× longer than wide (1.00:0.42), slightly convergent below; upper interorbital distance 1.01, maximum distance 1.10 and lower distance 0.89. Malar area a little longer than diameter of scape (0.12:0.10). Clypeus 2.23× wider than long (0.80:0.36), slightly convex. Labrum normal. Distance between clypeus and median ocellus 0.81. Interalveolar distance a little longer than diameter of antennal alveolus (0.19: 0.16), but shorter than alveolorbital distance (0.22). Frons slightly depressed along median line. Distance between lateral ocelli ca. 3.0× diameter of median ocellus and 1.5× ocellorbital distance (0.36:0.12: 0.24). Vertex rounded behind ocelli; preoccipital ridge slightly rounded (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD9FF81A98F2658F10CFCD2" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[1246,1335,799,822]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81A98F2658F10CFCD2" box="[1246,1335,799,822]" italics="true" pageId="11">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFD9FF81AE7F267BF768FCB7" box="[814,851,828,851]" pageId="11" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). Scape length 5.4× its diameter (0.54: 0.10), and ca.
<superScript id="7C1C811BFFD9FF81AEB2261FF7D1FC82" attach="right" box="[995,1002,856,870]" fontSize="6" pageId="11">5</superScript>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81AEBB261DF7D5FC96" bold="true" box="[1002,1006,858,882]" pageId="11">⁄</emphasis>
<subScript id="17ED2E16FFD9FF81AEBC2622F7CDFC97" attach="left" box="[1005,1014,869,883]" fontSize="6" pageId="11">6</subScript>
distance between antennal alveolus and lateral ocellus (0.64). Flagellum plus pedicel (1.08) ca. 2.0× length of scape; flagellomeres shorter than wide (the second one, 0.08:0.12). Scutellum with distal border semicircular, slightly projecting over metanotum, 2.06× wider than long (0.70: 0.34), basal pit normal (as in
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81A9002160F08AFBDA" box="[1105,1201,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD9FF81A9002160F096FBDA" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[1105,1197,1063,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Plebeia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFD9FF81A9EC2161F0D9FBD9" box="[1213,1250,1062,1085]" pageId="11" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). Forewing 2.32× longer than wide (2.88:1.24), pterostigma 3.43× longer than wide (0.48: 0.14); marginal cell 3.76× longer than wide (0.94:0.25), slightly open at apex, Rs slightly sinuate toward apex; right angle between Rs and Rs + M (ca. 90°); first abscissa of M ca.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81AE7F21B4F779FAEF" bold="true" box="[814,834,1267,1291]" pageId="11">⅔</emphasis>
length of first abscissa of Cu (0.42: 0.62) and slightly shorter than Rs + M + second M (0.46). First submarginal cell with limits relatively clear; second submarginal cell completely absent. Hamuli, 5. Tibia III subtriangular (as
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD9FF81AEB020C0F0A8FA7A" box="[993,1171,1415,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81AEB020C0F0A8FA7A" box="[993,1171,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="11">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFD9FF81A98F20C0F10CFA7A" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[1246,1335,1415,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81A98F20C0F10CFA7A" box="[1246,1335,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="11">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFD9FF81AE7F20E3F769FA5F" box="[814,850,1444,1467]" pageId="11" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), with posterodistal corner approximately right angled (position of tibiae, and presence of residues and bubbles do not permit reliable measures and details of shape); depressed rim on posterior border of inner surface
<superScript id="7C1C811BFFD9FF81AE382372F74BF9A7" attach="right" box="[873,880,1589,1603]" fontSize="6" pageId="11">2</superScript>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFD9FF81AE212370F74FF9AB" bold="true" box="[880,884,1591,1615]" pageId="11">⁄</emphasis>
<subScript id="17ED2E16FFD9FF81AE222304F747F9B5" attach="left" box="[883,892,1603,1617]" fontSize="6" pageId="11">5</subScript>
width of elevated keirotrichiate area. Basitarsus III 1.93× longer than wide (0.56: 0.29), slightly broadened toward apex, posterodistal corner right angled.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFD9FF86AE1D23EBF69AFEC1" lastPageId="12" pageId="11" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFD9FF86AE1D23EBF69AFEC1" blockId="11.[814,1343,182,1731]" lastBlockId="12.[272,801,182,1408]" lastPageId="12" pageId="11">
<materialsCitation id="3B01260EFFD9FF86AE1D23EBF626FF29" collectionCode="AMNH-DR" country="Dominican Republic" lastPageId="12" location="Miocene" pageId="11" specimenCode="AMNH-DR-14-1481" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
TYPES:
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFD9FF81AEEB23EBF00AF927" box="[954,1073,1708,1731]" pageId="11" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6FE7DAFFD9FF81A90023EBF091F927" box="[1105,1194,1708,1731]" pageId="11" type="worker">worker</specimenCount>
, specimen
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDEFF86AC4125F1F623FF29" box="[272,536,182,205]" pageId="12">AMNH­DR­14­1481</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B01260EFFDEFF86AF7C25F1F69AFEC1" collectionCode="AMNH-DR" country="Dominican Republic" location="Miocene" pageId="12" specimenCode="AMNH-DR-14-854, DR-14-1440" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFDEFF86AF7C25F1F692FF29" box="[557,681,182,205]" pageId="12" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6FE7DAFFDEFF86AFEC25F1F71AFF29" box="[701,801,182,205]" pageId="12" type="worker">workers</specimenCount>
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDEFF86AC412593F5CCFF0F" box="[272,503,212,235]" pageId="12">AMNH­DR­14­854</specimenCode>
and
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFDEFF86AF632593F6FCFF0F" box="[562,711,212,235]" pageId="12">DR­14­1440</specimenCode>
, in amber from
<location id="8EB67A88FFDEFF86ACD825B6F5D4FEEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C09D45FFD8FF86AC0B2036F603FA64:8EB67A88FFDEFF86ACD825B6F5D4FEEC" box="[393,495,241,264]" country="Dominican Republic" municipality="Specific" name="Miocene" pageId="12">Miocene</location>
of
<collectingCountry id="F37E6CC3FFDEFF86AF7325B6F726FEEC" box="[546,797,241,264]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="12">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
. Specific mine of origin unknown.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFDEFF86AC7C246BF557FE84" pageId="12" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDEFF86AC7C246BF557FE84" blockId="12.[272,801,182,1408]" pageId="12">
ETYMOLOGY: From the Latin,
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AFD9246BF6DDFEA7" box="[648,742,300,323]" italics="true" pageId="12">vetustus</emphasis>
, old, ancient.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFDEFF86AC7C2421F603FA64" pageId="12" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDEFF86AC7C2421F726FC94" blockId="12.[272,801,182,1408]" pageId="12">
REMARKS:
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFDEFF86ACE12421F66AFE99" author="Poinar, G. O., Jr." box="[432,593,358,381]" pageId="12" refId="ref11819" refString="1994" type="journal article" year="1994">Poinar (1994</bibRefCitation>
b: 73, fig. 2) referred to specimen AMNH­DR­14­1440 (here designated as a
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFDEFF86AF5A24E6F64AFE5C" box="[523,625,417,440]" pageId="12" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) as
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86AFCE24E6F71BFE5C" box="[671,800,417,440]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AFCE24E6F6C3FE5C" box="[671,760,417,440]" italics="true" pageId="12">Plebeia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFDEFF86AC4124F9F69FFE31" author="Michener, C. D. &amp; G. O. Poinar, Jr." box="[272,676,446,469]" journalOrPublisher="J. Kansas Entomol. Soc." pageId="12" pagination="353 - 361" part="69" refId="ref11664" refString="Michener, C. D., and G. O. Poinar, Jr. 1996. The known bee fauna of the Dominican Amber. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 69 (4) suppl.: 353 - 361." title="The known bee fauna of the Dominican Amber." type="journal article" year="1996">Michener and Poinar (1996: 354)</bibRefCitation>
examined this same specimen and considered it a species distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86ACA724BEF69CFDF4" box="[502,679,505,528]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86ACA724BEF69CFDF4" box="[502,679,505,528]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however these authors disagreed about its placement in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86ACFF2773F63CFDAF" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[430,519,564,587]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86ACFF2773F63CFDAF" box="[430,519,564,587]" italics="true" pageId="12">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86AF482773F738FDAF" box="[537,771,564,587]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vestusta">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AF482773F738FDAF" box="[537,771,564,587]" italics="true" pageId="12">Proplebeia vestusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is placed in the genus tentatively, based on the form of the forewing medial cell, the surrounding veins, integument structure, and general body form (which is as robust as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86AC412780F581FD3A" box="[272,442,711,734]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AC412780F581FD3A" box="[272,442,711,734]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86ACA22780F66FFD3A" box="[499,596,711,734]" italics="true" pageId="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86ACA22780F674FD3A" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[499,591,711,734]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Plebeia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFDEFF86AF0A2781F644FD39" box="[603,639,710,733]" pageId="12" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
) and, mainly, by the depression of the posterior rim of the inner surface of tibia III, with ca.
<superScript id="7C1C811BFFDEFF86AFC82647F69BFCEA" attach="right" box="[665,672,768,782]" fontSize="6" pageId="12">2</superScript>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AFF12645F69FFCFE" bold="true" box="[672,676,770,794]" pageId="12">⁄</emphasis>
<subScript id="17ED2E16FFDEFF86AFF5264AF696FCFF" attach="left" box="[676,685,781,795]" fontSize="6" pageId="12">5</subScript>
the width of the keirotrichiate area. The rastellum and penicillum apparently do not differ from what is seen in the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86AF2A261EF6EFFC94" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[635,724,857,880]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AF2A261EF6EFFC94" box="[635,724,857,880]" italics="true" pageId="12">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s.s.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDEFF86AC7C2631F603FA64" blockId="12.[272,801,182,1408]" pageId="12">
In the
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFDEFF86ACDF2631F5C9FC69" box="[398,498,886,909]" pageId="12" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
AMNH­DR­14­854 the clypeus has only a pale yellow stripe along the distal border, a little narrower than the diameter of the scape, and the supraclypeal area is also pale yellow, but the parocular areas are black. In the
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFDEFF86AF4E214EF6B8FBC4" box="[543,643,1033,1056]" pageId="12" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
AMNH­DR­ 14­1440 only one premarginal, fine, yellow stripe is visible in the clypeus; the other areas are blackish. On both
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFDEFF86AF4B2126F6B2FB9C" box="[538,649,1121,1144]" pageId="12" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(extensively surrounded by air bubbles and the legs tangled in such a way that is impossible to examine important characters), the vertex is arched and well elevated above the lateral ocelli, but this condition can be due to the lenticular deformation of the amber. In the remaining characters (e.g., size and proportions of structures), these specimens do not differ from the
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFDEFF86AC9B202EF60FFA64" box="[458,564,1385,1408]" pageId="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

381
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<mods:title id="17CE949A3FD621551338AE2D61E0F851">The Extinct Fauna of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) in Dominican Amber: Two New Species and Redescription of the Male of Proplebeia dominicana (Wille and Chandler)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1F3316D003DF4A0987751D7CD994904C">CAMARGO, JOÃO M. F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EDE93B61C87E2D2F409AF197DF8246DE">Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto — USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040 ­ 901 — Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil (JMFC is CNPq fellow researcher, Proc. 300014 / 84 ­ 8 RN)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="36056AE240C8284EF2E5164A7DAED010" type="email">jmfdcama@usp.br &amp; jmafcama@ffclrp.usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="007A0E2180D5569C1BDFE509032F9513">GRIMALDI, DAVID, A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="465DC0D2C997EFD6F344312CD5207749">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="25373D56AED7CD0ECBC4788BD9A10FA4" type="email">grimaldi@amnh.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="38DF793D19FCE58DA3654D006A717C1E">PEDRO, SILVIA R. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9317FC58EC884D6D2B138A57BCC4AA35">Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto — USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040 ­ 901 — Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil (JMFC is CNPq fellow researcher, Proc. 300014 / 84 ­ 8 RN)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="6B612AD8052EAA9BC18D96A1290C801E">2000</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C09D45FFDEFF98AC0920ECF083FA79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C09D45FFDEFF98AC0920ECF083FA79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C09D45FFDEFF98AC0920ECF083FA79" lastPageId="18" pageId="12">
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFDEFF86AC0920ECF6E3FA26" box="[344,728,1451,1475]" pageId="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDEFF86AC0920ECF6E3FA26" blockId="12.[344,728,1451,1475]" box="[344,728,1451,1475]" pageId="12">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AC0920ECF67BFA27" bold="true" box="[344,576,1451,1475]" italics="true" pageId="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86AC0920ECF601FA27" authority="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO, 2000" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[344,570,1451,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tantilla" status="sp. nov.">Proplebeia tantilla</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFDEFF86AF1B20ECF6E3FA26" box="[586,728,1451,1474]" pageId="12" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFDEFF86ACE6208DF642FA3B" box="[439,633,1482,1503]" pageId="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDEFF86ACE6208DF642FA3B" blockId="12.[439,633,1482,1503]" box="[439,633,1482,1503]" pageId="12">
<heading id="D09E9B3FFFDEFF86ACE6208DF642FA3B" box="[439,633,1482,1503]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="12" reason="7">
<figureCitation id="135230D6FFDEFF86ACE6208DF611FA3B" box="[439,554,1482,1503]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="10.[298,346,1267,1288]" captionTargetBox="[340,1310,189,1236]" captionTargetId="figure-39@10.[331,1318,176,1245]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs. 8–10. Forewing, worker; 8. Proplebeia vetusta, sp.n., holotype, specimen, AMNH­DR­14­854; 9. Proplebeia dominicana, specimen AMNH­DR­14­1175; 10. Proplebeia tantilla, sp. n., paratype, specimen AMNH­DR­14­911. Scale = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110992" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10110992/files/figure.png" pageId="12">Figures 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135230D6FFDEFF86AF69208DF642FA3B" box="[568,633,1482,1503]" captionStart-0="Figs" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="15.[264,312,1400,1421]" captionStartId-1="17.[264,302,1144,1165]" captionStartId-2="18.[298,336,1109,1130]" captionTargetBox-0="[272,1310,183,1368]" captionTargetBox-1="[361,1222,188,1116]" captionTargetBox-2="[331,1318,176,1088]" captionTargetId-0="figure-36@15.[258,1322,176,1379]" captionTargetId-1="figure-36@17.[354,1226,176,1123]" captionTargetId-2="figure-39@18.[331,1318,176,1088]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionText-0="Figs. 15–19. Proplebeia tantilla, sp. n. 15–17. holotype, male, AMNH­DR­14­1439, head, forewing, and tibia and tarsus III. 18, 19. paratype, worker, same amber piece, fragments of tibia and tarsus III, detail of rastellum, and mandible, detail of denticles." captionText-1="Fig. 20. Proplebeia tantilla, sp. n., holotype, male, AMNH­DR­14­1439, detail of pregenital sterna and genitalia, ventral view." captionText-2="Fig. 21. Photomicrograph of Proplebeia tantilla, sp. n., male, holotype, AMNH­DR­14­1439. Scale = 1.0 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110998" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10111000" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10111002" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10110998/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10111000/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10111002/files/figure.png" pageId="12">15–21</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFDEFF86AC7C20BBF0EEFE99" pageId="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDEFF86AC7C20BBF0EEFE99" blockId="12.[272,801,1532,1731]" lastBlockId="12.[848,1378,182,1731]" pageId="12">
DIAGNOSIS: The male is distinguished from that of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86AC21235EF61BF9D4" box="[368,544,1561,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AC21235EF61BF9D4" box="[368,544,1561,1584]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mainly by flagellomeres wider than long, median projection of S6 without apical emargination, and gonostyli swollen and with a hairy, solelike area at apex. Worker is easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86AC4123EBF581F927" box="[272,442,1708,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AC4123EBF581F927" box="[272,442,1708,1731]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86ACA523EBF648F927" box="[500,627,1708,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vestusta">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86ACA523EBF648F927" box="[500,627,1708,1731]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. vestusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by small body size (2.1, 3.0–3.2,
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86A91925F1F095FF29" box="[1096,1198,182,205]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
, respectively), presence of relatively long, straight hairs on sterna, and long microtrichia over veins M + Cu and first abscissa of M.
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86A9F42448F744FEA7" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tantilla">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86A9F42448F744FEA7" italics="true" pageId="12">Proplebeia tantilla</emphasis>
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is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86A909246BF138FEA7" box="[1112,1283,300,323]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86A909246BF138FEA7" box="[1112,1283,300,323]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the small
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDEFF86AEC6240EF7CBFE84" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[919,1008,329,352]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AEC6240EF7CBFE84" box="[919,1008,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="12">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s.s.) in the general form of the head, mesosoma, and metasoma.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFDEFF9AAE3C24C3F04BF927" lastPageId="16" pageId="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDEFF9AAE3C24C3F6ABFE84" blockId="12.[848,1378,182,1731]" lastBlockId="16.[272,801,182,1731]" lastPageId="16" pageId="12">
DESCRIPTION:
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86A94324C4F06AFE7F" bold="true" box="[1042,1105,387,411]" pageId="12">Male</emphasis>
(AMNH­DR­14­1439).
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AE0124E6F7D2FE5D" bold="true" box="[848,1001,417,441]" pageId="12">Dimensions:</emphasis>
Approximate body length
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86A87C24E6F7BBFE31" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.52" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="2.52">2.52 mm</quantity>
, forewing length from apex of costal sclerite to wing tip
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86A914249BF089FE17" box="[1093,1202,476,499]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.90 mm</quantity>
(including tegula
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86AEDB24BEF7CEFDF4" box="[906,1013,505,528]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.24" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="2.24">2.24 mm</quantity>
; wing seems slightly shortened due to striations in the amber); maximum head width
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86AE8C2773F070FDAF" box="[989,1099,564,587]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="1.04">1.04 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86A9092774F15AFDAF" bold="true" box="[1112,1377,563,587]" pageId="12">Color of integument:</emphasis>
Predominantly black, lacking yellow marks; chestnut on ventral part of metasoma, legs, tarsomeres, labrum, mandibles except condyles, maxillar galeae and tegulae; wing veins honey­colored, membrane hyaline.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86A86C2781F7A7FD1F" bold="true" pageId="12">Pilosity:</emphasis>
Pale yellow over entire body. Decumbent, plumose, pale, minute hairs relatively sparse on face; some erect hairs on clypeus (
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86AE09267BF7F7FCB7" box="[856,972,828,851]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
long); vertex with unbranched erect hairs up to
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86A949261EF0BBFC94" box="[1048,1152,857,880]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
long. Mesoscutum practically devoid of micropilosity, only some sparse erect hairs, the longest ones on anterior corners ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86A91B26F6F08CFC2C" box="[1098,1207,945,968]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
on scutellum ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86AE2D2689F7D3FC01" box="[892,1000,974,997]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
long; on ventral part of mesepisterna up to
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long. Basal area of propodeum glabrous. Posterior edge of tibia III with unbranched hairs (ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86A9BC2161F15BFBD9" box="[1261,1376,1062,1085]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
long). T1­3 glabrous; T4­6 with some hairs on sides, T7 with some unbranched hairs up to
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86AE232139F7E6FB71" box="[882,989,1150,1173]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
long. S2­4 with only one hairy band, S5 with a row of short hairs on median portion of apical margin (
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDEFF86A92A21FEF0D3FB34" box="[1147,1256,1209,1232]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
), S6­7 apparently lacking hairs.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86A9322191F0C7FB0A" bold="true" box="[1123,1276,1238,1262]" pageId="12">Integument:</emphasis>
Smooth and shiny, except for some sparse piligerous punctures; slightly rugose on superior part of head.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDEFF86AECB2069F081FAA2" bold="true" box="[922,1210,1326,1350]" pageId="12">Form and proportions</emphasis>
: Head 1.24× wider than long (1.04: 0.84, length measured from apex of clypeus to upper tangent of median ocellus). Eyes 1.9× longer than wide (0.72: 0.38) and convergent below; upper interorbital distance 0.56, maximum distance 0.58, lower distance 0.38. Malar area linear. Clypeus trapezoidal, 1.7× wider than long (0.34: 0.20), slightly convex; labrum normal, slightly convex. Distance between clypeus and median ocellus (0.54) practically equal to the upper interorbital distance. Interalveolar distance nearly equal to the diameter of antennal alveolus and ca. 2× longer than the alveolorbital distance (0.11: 0.12: 0.06). Frons with median line impressed well. Distance between lateral ocelli 2.0× diameter of median ocellus and 2.4× ocellorbital distance (0.22: 0.11: 0.09). Vertex very narrow, with abrupt slope behind lateral ocelli; preoccipital ridge slightly rounded. Scape length ca. 3.5× its diameter (0.28: 0.08), and ca.
<superScript id="7C1C811BFFDFFF87AFBB20BCF6CAF9ED" attach="right" box="[746,753,1531,1545]" fontSize="6" pageId="13">2</superScript>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDFFF87AFA020BBF6CEF9F0" bold="true" box="[753,757,1532,1556]" pageId="13">⁄</emphasis>
<subScript id="17ED2E16FFDFFF87AFA4234FF6C5F9F2" attach="none" box="[757,766,1544,1558]" fontSize="6" pageId="13">3</subScript>
distance between antennal alveolus and lateral ocellus (
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFDFFF87ACD92371F5C2F9A9" box="[392,505,1590,1613]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="13" unit="mm" value="0.42">0.42 mm</quantity>
). Flagellum plus pedicel (1.04) ca. 3.7× length of scape; flagellomeres shorter than wide (the second one, 0.08: 0.10). Scutellum not visible in dorsal view, in profile slightly projected beyond metanotum. Forewing 2.04× longer than wide (1.90: 0.93; the wing may be slightly shortened due to striations in the amber; this distortion could not be corrected by application of glycerin and a coverslip); pterostigma 4× longer than wide (0.40: 0.10); marginal cell 4.37× longer than wide (0.70: 0.16), slightly open at apex; Rs slightly sinuate toward apex; angle between Rs and Rs + M slightly open; first abscissa of M ca.
<superScript id="7C1C811BFFDFFF87A87B2372F10AF9A7" attach="right" box="[1322,1329,1589,1603]" fontSize="6" pageId="13">5</superScript>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDFFF87A8602370F10EF9AB" bold="true" box="[1329,1333,1591,1615]" pageId="13">⁄</emphasis>
<subScript id="17ED2E16FFDFFF87A8642304F105F9B5" attach="none" box="[1333,1342,1603,1617]" fontSize="6" pageId="13">7</subScript>
length of first abscissa of Cu (0.30: 0.42), and a little shorter than Rs + M + second M (0.32). First submarginal cell without clear limits, entirely open. Hamuli, 5. Tibia III subtriangular, 3.08× longer than wide (0.80: 0.26); posterodistal corner angled slightly open. Basitarsus III 2.15× longer than wide (0.28: 0.13), with anterior margin practically straight and posterior margin slightly sinuate; posterodistal corner right angled. S2­4 unmodified; S5 invaginated, but apparently with slight emargination on each side of median distal border; S6 with one long, median, spatulate projection turned downward, and deeply emarginate on each side; S7 very wide and strongly sclerotized. Genitalia triggered, with penis covering part of the structures; penis valves short, about half of the length of gonostyli and strongly arched; gosnostyli relatively short and swollen at apex, forming a hairy, solelike area on inner surface; no structure visible that can be interpreted as a spatha (details of genitalia and pregenital sterna in fig. 20).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF167CDBFFDFFF87AC5921F2F624FAE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110994" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10110994" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10110994/files/figure.png" pageId="13" startId="13.[264,312,1205,1226]" targetBox="[257,1323,189,1173]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDFFF87AC5921F2F624FAE4" blockId="13.[238,1342,1205,1280]" pageId="13">
Figs. 11–13.
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDFFF87ACF921F1F649FB2F" authority="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO, 2000" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[424,626,1206,1227]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vetusta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDFFF87ACF921F1F649FB2F" box="[424,626,1206,1227]" italics="true" pageId="13">Proplebeia vetusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFDFFF87AFD521F2F6F9FB2E" box="[644,706,1205,1226]" pageId="13" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, AMNH­DR­14­1481, head, detail of mandible, tibia and tarsus III, detail of penicillum and rastellum. Minor scale bar = 1.0 mm (fig. 11), large scale bar = 1.0 mm (figs. 12–13).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF167CDBFFDCFF84AC042302F127F9BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110996" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10110996" box="[341,1308,1604,1627]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10110996/files/figure.png" pageId="14" startId="14.[341,379,1605,1626]" targetBox="[484,1174,184,1574]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDCFF84AC042302F127F9BE" blockId="14.[341,1308,1604,1627]" box="[341,1308,1604,1627]" pageId="14">
Fig. 14.
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDCFF84AC932301F6B2F9BF" authority="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO, 2000" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[450,649,1606,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vetusta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDCFF84AC932301F6B2F9BF" box="[450,649,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="14">Proplebeia vetusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFDCFF84AFC82302F6EFF9BE" box="[665,724,1605,1626]" pageId="14" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, AMNH­DR­14­1481. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF167CDBFFDDFF85AC59203FF71DFA26" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10110998" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10110998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10110998/files/figure.png" pageId="15" startId="15.[264,312,1400,1421]" targetBox="[272,1310,183,1368]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFDDFF85AC59203FF71DFA26" blockId="15.[238,1342,1400,1474]" pageId="15">
Figs. 15–19.
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFDDFF85ACF5203FF657FA69" authority="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO, 2000" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[420,620,1400,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tantilla" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDDFF85ACF5203FF657FA69" box="[420,620,1400,1421]" italics="true" pageId="15">Proplebeia tantilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFDDFF85AF28203FF689FA69" box="[633,690,1400,1421]" pageId="15" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDDFF85AFE9203FF73BFA69" bold="true" box="[696,768,1400,1421]" pageId="15">15–17.</emphasis>
holotype, male, AMNH­DR­14­1439, head, forewing, and tibia and tarsus III.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFDDFF85ACA420D5F67BFA43" bold="true" box="[501,576,1426,1447]" pageId="15">18, 19.</emphasis>
paratype, worker, same amber piece, fragments of tibia and tarsus III, detail of rastellum, and mandible, detail of denticles.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFC2FF9AAC7C2421F04BF927" blockId="16.[272,801,182,1731]" lastBlockId="16.[848,1377,182,1731]" pageId="16">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AAC7C2421F5B4FE9A" bold="true" box="[301,399,358,382]" pageId="16">Worker</emphasis>
(AMNH­DR­14­911). Specimen very deformed due to dehydration in amber (e.g., antennae completely flattened, ocelli pedunculate), so measurements provided here do not reveal real size of body structure; only wings are apparently unaltered.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AAF9524BEF56CFDCA" bold="true" pageId="16">Dimensions:</emphasis>
Approximate body length
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAFE72751F727FDC9" box="[694,796,534,557]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
; forewing length from apex of costal sclerite to wing tip
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AACF32716F636FD8C" box="[418,525,593,616]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="1.96">1.96 mm</quantity>
(including tegula
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAFBC2716F579FD61" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.26" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="2.26">2.26 mm</quantity>
); maximum head width
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAF302729F6F6FD61" box="[609,717,622,645]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.96">0.96 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AAF882729F5F5FD47" bold="true" pageId="16">Color of integument:</emphasis>
Predominantly black, with several parts of the body discolored and translucent. There are no perceptible yellow markings on head; clypeus and supraclypeal area chestnut (discolored?); lower parocular areas lighter; scape yellowish, discolored; flagellum dark chestnut; mandibles discolored (translucent). Mesosoma black, lacking yellow markings, only anterior corners of mesoscutum discolored. Legs strongly discolored and translucent; only posterior distal border of tibia III and whole basitarsus III blackish. Forewing C and R veins distinctly black; pterostigma largely translucent in middle; wings membrane hyaline; microtrichia dusky. Metasomal terga blackish; sterna discolored.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AAC2C2126F5D8FB9D" bold="true" box="[381,483,1121,1145]" pageId="16">Pilosity:</emphasis>
Fine, decumbent, minute hairs covering whole face as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC2FF9AAFD02138F6E1FB72" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[641,730,1151,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AAFD02138F6E1FB72" box="[641,730,1151,1174]" italics="true" pageId="16">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s.s.), clearly plumose on lower parocular areas; less perceptible on clypeus. Vertex with some erect, unbranched, pale hairs, longest ones ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAC2621B3F5D8FAEF" box="[375,483,1268,1291]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
. A fine layer of bubbles on integument hinders observation of micropilosity on mesoscutum; however, pale and sparsely distributed erect hairs are quite visible; on anterior corners they are denser and as long as ones on vertex. Distal border of scutellum with some very long unbranched hairs, ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AACCB2086F628FA3C" box="[410,531,1473,1496]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
. Microtrichia sparse, clearly visible in radial and cubital cells and in area corresponding to first submarginal cell of forewing (fig. 10), longest ones ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAC412371F5B8F9A9" box="[272,387,1590,1613]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
; denser and shorter toward wing apex; veins M + Cu and first abscissa of M with some long hairs (ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAF032336F6F9F96C" box="[594,706,1649,1672]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
), black, clearly visible. Sterna, mainly S3, with very long, erect hairs, T1–2 apparently glabrous dorsally, T3–4 with some erect hairs; T5 and especially T6 with erect very long, unbranched hairs, the longest ones ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AA9A325B6F166FEEC" box="[1266,1373,241,264]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
. Posterior border of tibia III, with unbranched hairs ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAE91246BF010FEA7" box="[960,1067,300,323]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
long; one corbicular hair
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAE01240EF782FE84" box="[848,953,329,352]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
long; basal third of tibia with some erect hairs
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAE8C2421F070FE99" box="[989,1099,358,381]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
long, all pale yellow. Penicillum with very long (ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AA9B724C3F163FE7F" box="[1254,1368,388,411]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
) hairs; posterior parapenicillum with two visible hairs, largely bent, ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AA9FB24F9F123FE31" box="[1194,1304,446,469]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
long. Positions of legs preclude observation of details of the keirotrichiate area and presence of a rastellum; only right tibia III observable with two long hairs (ca. 0.07), which might belong to rastellum. Left leg measurements possible for only the length of some hairs of keirotrichiate area (ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AA92427CBF0D1FD47" box="[1141,1258,652,675]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
).
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AA85727CCF7A3FD25" bold="true" pageId="16">Integument:</emphasis>
Smooth and shiny, as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC2FF9AA9B127EEF7B3FD3A" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AA9B127EEF7B3FD3A" italics="true" pageId="16">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AAEF42781F0EDFD3A" bold="true" box="[933,1238,710,734]" pageId="16">Form and proportions</emphasis>
: Although measurements do not correspond to exact size of structures (except for wings), some are given below which might provide useful proportions: maximum head width 0.98; upper, maximum, and lower distances 0.65, 0.67, 0.52, respectively; eye length 0.68; clypeus width 0.36; length of pedicel plus flagellum 0.76; scape 0.32; malar area length 0.08; mandible 0.80, with two denticles on inner corner of apical cutting edge, space between them semicircular. General form of head as in the small species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC2FF9AA9912160F122FBDA" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[1216,1305,1063,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AA9912160F122FBDA" box="[1216,1305,1063,1086]" italics="true" pageId="16">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s.s.). Labium ca.
<quantity id="4C9181B6FFC2FF9AAE8A2103F078FBBF" box="[987,1091,1092,1115]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="16" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.20 mm</quantity>
long (glossa only 0.48), completely translucent. Mesosoma very deformed, but apparently similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC2FF9AA8162138F7E2FB57" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AA8162138F7E2FB57" italics="true" pageId="16">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC2FF9AA94321DBF050FB57" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[1042,1131,1180,1203]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AA94321DBF050FB57" box="[1042,1131,1180,1203]" italics="true" pageId="16">Plebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s.s.); scutellum normal, in an approximately equilateral arch with round apex, without basal fovea. Tibia III subtriangular (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC2FF9AA92921B3F113FAEF" box="[1144,1320,1268,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AA92921B3F113FAEF" box="[1144,1320,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="16">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AAE012056F78AFACC" box="[848,945,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC2FF9AAE012056F797FACC" authorityName="Schwarz" authorityYear="1938" box="[848,940,1297,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Plebeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Plebeia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFC2FF9AAE932056F7DCFACC" box="[962,999,1297,1320]" pageId="16" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), elongate, with posterodistal corner acutely angled, strongly projected (tibia is very compressed, approximately 0.20 wide). Forewings folded and cannot be measured; pterostigma 3.6× longer than wide (0.36: 0.10); marginal cell a little more bulging at base than in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC2FF9AA9392086F128FA3C" box="[1128,1299,1473,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC2FF9AA9392086F128FA3C" box="[1128,1299,1473,1496]" italics="true" pageId="16">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0.64: 0.20), and more open apically; angle between Rs and Rs + M slightly acute, ca. 85°; first abscissa of M 1.35× longer than Rs + M + second M (0.38: 0.28); free portion of Cu vein imperceptible; submarginal cell entirely open, lacking any trace of vein that delimits it. Hamuli, 5. Metasoma short, triangular; last tergum pointed apically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF167CDBFFC3FF9BAC59213FF62AFB4C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10111000" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10111000" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10111000/files/figure.png" pageId="17" startId="17.[264,302,1144,1165]" targetBox="[361,1222,188,1116]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFC3FF9BAC59213FF62AFB4C" blockId="17.[238,1341,1144,1192]" pageId="17">
Fig. 20.
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC3FF9BAC24213FF606FB69" authority="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO, 2000" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[373,573,1144,1165]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tantilla" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC3FF9BAC24213FF606FB69" box="[373,573,1144,1165]" italics="true" pageId="17">Proplebeia tantilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFC3FF9BAF1D213FF6B3FB69" box="[588,648,1144,1165]" pageId="17" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, male, AMNH­DR­14­1439, detail of pregenital sterna and genitalia, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFC3FF9BAC5A2191F63FFA5F" pageId="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFC3FF9BAC5A2191F63FFA5F" blockId="17.[238,766,1238,1731]" pageId="17">
<materialsCitation id="3B01260EFFC3FF9BAC5A2191F565FACC" country="Dominican Republic" location="Miocene" pageId="17" specimenCode="AMNH-DR-14- 1439" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" specimenCount-worker="1" typeStatus="holotype">
TYPES:
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFC3FF9BAC3A2191F5E1FB09" box="[363,474,1238,1261]" pageId="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6FE7DAFFC3FF9BACA02191F617FB09" box="[497,556,1238,1261]" pageId="17" type="male">male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFC3FF9BAF122191F510FAEF" pageId="17">AMNH­DR­14­ 1439</specimenCode>
, in
<location id="8EB67A88FFC3FF9BAC3121B3F5FDFAEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C09D45FFDEFF98AC0920ECF083FA79:8EB67A88FFC3FF9BAC3121B3F5FDFAEF" box="[352,454,1268,1291]" country="Dominican Republic" name="Miocene" pageId="17">Miocene</location>
amber of the
<collectingCountry id="F37E6CC3FFC3FF9BAF2C21B3F560FACC" pageId="17">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B01260EFFC3FF9BAC3B2056F63FFA5F" country="Dominican Republic" location="Miocene" pageId="17" specimenCode="AMNH-DR-14-911" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="1" specimenCount-worker="1" typeStatus="paratype">
Fragments of
<specimenCount id="9D6FE7DAFFC3FF9BAF442056F6BFFACC" box="[533,644,1297,1320]" count="1" pageId="17" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
and fragments of
<specimenCount id="9D6FE7DAFFC3FF9BAC0B2069F5E5FAA1" box="[346,478,1326,1349]" count="1" pageId="17" type="worker">one worker</specimenCount>
in the same amber piece are
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFC3FF9BAC4F200BF5AAFA87" box="[286,401,1356,1379]" pageId="17" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
. One worker in an additional piece,
<specimenCode id="DBCF8428FFC3FF9BAC6A202EF61EFA64" box="[315,549,1385,1408]" pageId="17">AMNH­DR­14­911</specimenCode>
, with same origin, is also a paratype. Exact mine where amber was found is unknown.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFC3FF9BAC5A2086F559FA11" pageId="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFC3FF9BAC5A2086F559FA11" blockId="17.[238,766,1238,1731]" pageId="17">
ETYMOLOGY: From the Latin,
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC3FF9BAF3C2086F6F7FA3C" box="[621,716,1473,1496]" italics="true" pageId="17">tantillus</emphasis>
, little, small.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3737FD8FFC3FF98AC5A20BBF083FA79" lastPageId="18" pageId="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFC3FF98AC5A20BBF58DFA64" blockId="17.[238,766,1238,1731]" lastBlockId="18.[272,801,1209,1731]" lastPageId="18" pageId="17">
REMARKS: Another male of the same species, sectioned longitudinally during polishing of the piece by Dominican dealers is included in the same piece of amber with the
<typeStatus id="54D292F1FFC3FF9BADBF2336F56FF96C" box="[238,340,1649,1672]" pageId="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(AMNH­DR­14­1439). What remains are the ventral portion of the mesosoma, part of the metasoma, genitalia and legs; there are also fragments of the maxillae, labium, mandible and legs of
<specimenCount id="9D6FE7DAFFC3FF9BA9FF21B3F101FAEF" box="[1198,1338,1268,1291]" pageId="17" type="worker">one worker</specimenCount>
, supposedly of the same species. In the fragment of tibia III, which corresponds to the distal half, it is possible to see the rastellum with at least seven long (cylindrical?) hairs (fig. 18), as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC3FF9BAE8D20C0F0BDFA7A" box="[988,1158,1415,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC3FF9BAE8D20C0F0BDFA7A" box="[988,1158,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="17">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the penicillum and anterior parapenicillum are well developed but it is not possible to see details; in the distal half of the inner surface, the posterior glabrous rim, about
<superScript id="7C1C811BFFC3FF9BA90F20BCF05EF9ED" attach="right" box="[1118,1125,1531,1545]" fontSize="6" pageId="17">2</superScript>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC3FF9BA93720BBF051F9F0" bold="true" box="[1126,1130,1532,1556]" pageId="17">⁄</emphasis>
<subScript id="17ED2E16FFC3FF9BA938234FF049F9F2" attach="left" box="[1129,1138,1544,1558]" fontSize="6" pageId="17">7</subScript>
the keirotrichiate area width, is apparently not depressed. In
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC3FF9BAE7F2370F01BF9AA" baseAuthorityName="Wille" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[814,1056,1591,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Nogueirapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silacea">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC3FF9BAE7F2370F01BF9AA" box="[814,1056,1591,1614]" italics="true" pageId="17">Nogueirapis silacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the depressed area is limited to the basal half of the tibia (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF851A2FFC3FF9BA9A72313F757F96C" author="Wille, A." journalOrPublisher="Mexico. J. Paleontol" pageId="17" pagination="849 - 852" part="33" refId="ref12095" refString="Wille, A. 1959. A new fossil stingless bee (Meliponini) from the amber of Chiapas, Mexico. J. Paleontol. 33 (5): 849 - 852, pl. 119." title="A new fossil stingless bee (Meliponini) from the amber of Chiapas" type="journal article" year="1959">Wille, 1959</bibRefCitation>
), and in
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC3FF9BAEB12336F0B4F96C" box="[992,1167,1649,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC3FF9BAEB12336F0B4F96C" box="[992,1167,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="17">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the step does not follow the contour of the keirotrichiate area and is gentler toward the apex of the tibia (fig. 4). The worker (AMNH­DR­14­ 911) was interpreted as
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC0FF98AF652190F697FB0A" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[564,684,1239,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tantilla">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC0FF98AF652190F697FB0A" box="[564,684,1239,1262]" italics="true" pageId="18">P. tantilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the body size, and the shape and size of the wing veins; it was not possible, however, to verify if the male has long microtrichia on veins M + Cu and the first abscissa of M, as in the worker.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF167CDBFFC0FF98AC7B2112F5BCFB61" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10111002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10111002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10111002/files/figure.png" pageId="18" startId="18.[298,336,1109,1130]" targetBox="[331,1318,176,1088]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFC0FF98AC7B2112F5BCFB61" blockId="18.[272,1377,1109,1157]" pageId="18">
Fig. 21. Photomicrograph of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC0FF98AF222111F700FB8F" authority="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO, 2000" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[627,827,1110,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tantilla" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC0FF98AF222111F700FB8F" box="[627,827,1110,1131]" italics="true" pageId="18">Proplebeia tantilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E4D3AFFC0FF98AE182112F7BFFB8E" box="[841,900,1109,1130]" pageId="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male, holotype, AMNH­DR­14­1439. Scale = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD62C53FFC0FF98AC7C20C1F083FA79" blockId="18.[272,801,1209,1731]" lastBlockId="18.[848,1377,1209,1437]" pageId="18">
The male of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC0FF98AC9220C0F602FA7A" authorityName="CAMARGO &amp; GRIMALDI &amp; PEDRO" authorityYear="2000" box="[451,569,1415,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tantilla">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC0FF98AC9220C0F602FA7A" box="[451,569,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="18">P. tantilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from that of
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC0FF98AC4120E3F5F9FA5F" box="[272,450,1444,1467]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC0FF98AC4120E3F5F9FA5F" box="[272,450,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="18">P. dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly by having flagellomeres wider than long, the median projection of S6 not apically emarginate, penis valvae short and slender, and gonostyli swollen at the apex, forming a hairy, solelike area (an autapomorphic condition). There are no shared apomorphies among male characters, only S7 is well developed and sclerotized in both species (but this can be a plesiomorphic condition; in modern genera S7 is usually re­ duced and weakly sclerotized). The decision to include this species in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6957D0FFC0FF98A8592190F7B9FAEF" authorityName="Michener" authorityYear="1982" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Proplebeia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC0FF98A8592190F7B9FAEF" italics="true" pageId="18">Proplebeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based on characters of the worker: rastellum with 7–8 long, spinelike hairs, and glabrous posterior rim of inner surface of tibia III very wide, ca.
<superScript id="7C1C811BFFC0FF98A918200CF06BFABD" attach="right" box="[1097,1104,1355,1369]" fontSize="6" pageId="18">2</superScript>
<emphasis id="B91DF041FFC0FF98A900200BF06EFA80" bold="true" box="[1105,1109,1356,1380]" pageId="18">⁄</emphasis>
<subScript id="17ED2E16FFC0FF98A905201FF066FA82" attach="left" box="[1108,1117,1368,1382]" fontSize="6" pageId="18">7</subScript>
the width of keirotrichiate area, although it is not clear if the rim is depressed and forms a step.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>