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<document id="06B9A7CC922FF67C31687F95460491B6" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4175.2.6" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4175.2.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aaa57c93-f60d-45e7-b528-090b2c5b56fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="257027" ID-ZooBank="46F1E733-8136-498B-A987-DA2D09A63841" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1476342703116" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Young, Daniel K. &amp; Hsiao, Yun" docDate="2016" docId="A23C1F41CB68FFF6FF61FC430868EB90" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4175.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4175 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudopyrochroa depressa Pic" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="194" masterDocId="5E056739CB69FFF3FFF6FFC90D7EED67" masterDocTitle="Description of the mature larva of Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic) (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with comparison to other Taiwanese Pseudopyrochroa" masterLastPageNumber="195" masterPageNumber="189" pageNumber="190" updateTime="1698389757101" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F87D88C03E5510BF3BCD98352811B70A">Description of the mature larva of Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic) (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with comparison to other Taiwanese Pseudopyrochroa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2AA82ECF1D146BF42B2D72C54C3D6F77">Young, Daniel K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AA88061DB458DA6B62E55CA9C5F7FD58">Hsiao, Yun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A3251A89C9159D9EB653C56C354CF893">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="33456C80ECA524FEFD24E4027AE6828B">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EEE652923D34750D0F47591249DA0B44">4175</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C38EF24568ED38384336C7328BDD23D0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4175.2.7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A5A27ECC80D360AA5241C86CA33B3B44" type="GBIF-Dataset">aaa57c93-f60d-45e7-b528-090b2c5b56fd</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A23C1F41CB68FFF6FF61FC430868EB90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6088043" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124996890" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6088043" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A23C1F41CB68FFF6FF61FC430868EB90" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A23C1F41CB68FFF6FF61FC430868EB90" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="194" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">
<subSubSection id="628FFDDCCB68FFF2FF61FC430C51EEA1" pageId="1" pageNumber="190" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB68FFF2FF61FC430F62EEC2" blockId="1.[151,540,906,966]" box="[151,540,906,933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">
<heading id="7162193BCB68FFF2FF61FC430F62EEC2" bold="true" box="[151,540,906,933]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="190" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB68FFF2FF61FC430F62EEC2" authority="Pic" authorityName="Pic" box="[151,540,906,933]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="190" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB68FFF2FF61FC430F62EEC2" bold="true" box="[151,540,906,933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB68FFF2FF61FC430CA4EEC3" bold="true" box="[151,474,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Pseudopyrochroa depressa</emphasis>
(Pic)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB68FFF2FF61FC640C51EEA1" blockId="1.[151,540,906,966]" box="[151,303,941,966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">
(
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FF68FC640C5BEEA1" box="[158,293,941,966]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Figures 1–6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="628FFDDCCB68FFF6FF61FC3C0980EE44" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="194" pageId="1" pageNumber="190" type="description">
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB68FFF2FF61FC3C09F8E981" blockId="1.[151,1437,1013,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB68FFF2FF61FC3C0C95E969" bold="true" box="[151,491,1013,1038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
The single, relatively intact mature larva (probably on the small side of the average based on reared adults males) measures
<quantity id="ED6D03B2CB68FFF2FD9EFBD00FB0E956" box="[616,718,1049,1074]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="1" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="17.5">17.5 mm</quantity>
(mesal labral apex to apices of urogomphi) and width (across widest portion of eighth abdominal segment) of
<quantity id="ED6D03B2CB68FFF2FD3EFBF40E5AE932" box="[712,804,1085,1110]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
. Body orthosomatic with sides subparallel; moderately sclerotized except much of cranium, mandibles, and urogomphal plate more heavily sclerotized; body vestiture consisting of short to moderately elongate, scattered setae. Thoracic and abdominal terga 1–9 lacking distinct parabasal ridges. Head and body creamy-yellowish to amber, melanization much darker in areas of heavy sclerotization such as tips of mandibles, urogomphi, urogomphal lip and urogomphal pits.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB68FFF2FF31FB380939EA14" blockId="1.[151,1437,1013,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB68FFF2FF31FB380C7AE86D" box="[199,260,1265,1290]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Head</emphasis>
: Prognathous, flattened, exerted from prothorax. Epicranial suture lyriform (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FB73FB3809B7E86D" box="[1157,1225,1265,1290]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) with stem short, frontal arms complete nearly to antennal insertions; endocarinae absent. Symmetrical labrum anterad fused frontoclypeal region. Four stemmata on each side of head in 2 groups of 2, lower pair parallel with antennal insertions. Antennal insertions fully exposed, antennae presumably filiform, 3-segmented (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FB66FA940988E811" box="[1168,1270,1373,1398]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Figs. 1-2</figureCitation>
; incomplete in single larva; not intact on two exuviae). Mouthparts (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FCF4FA480E36E8FD" box="[770,840,1409,1434]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) retracted. Mandibles heavily sclerotized, movable, asymmetrical, molar area of mandibles well-developed, left mandible bearing a prominent molar tooth; apex of right mandible distinctly tridentate, left mandible bidentate, both bearing 1-2 smaller subapical teeth. Maxillae each with 1-segmented cardo which is diagonally folded anteriorly upon itself toward the stipes and thus appearing 2-segmented; a well-developed, undivided, pad-like maxillary articulating area (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FBDAF9D8090DEB4D" box="[1068,1139,1553,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); ventral surface of stipes with dense, largely double row of stout setae mesad palpifer along adoral margin (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FBA5F9FC09BDEB29" box="[1107,1219,1589,1614]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
); galea and lacinia fused to form maxillary mala; mala bearing stout apical and adoral setae and spinose-dentiform uncus at apicoadoral margin (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FEB7F9B40CFAEBF1" box="[321,388,1661,1686]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), three, stout, elongate-spatulate setae associated with uncus; 3-segmented, filiform maxillary palpus [3rd palpomere missing in
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FDFCF96D0F30EBDA" box="[522,590,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
], 2nd palpomere about 1.5X length of first, 3rd palpomere 0.8X length of 2nd, 3rd palpomere tapering distally, acutely rounded apically. Labium (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FC4DF9020978EB84" box="[955,1030,1739,1764]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) with mentum ovate-subquadrate, submentum elongate with sides shallowly sinuate basally, apical margin slightly more heavily sclerotized, convexly rounded; well-developed, elongate ligula; each labial palpus short, 2-segmented. Hypopharyngeal sclerome well-developed, heavily sclerotized, molar-like, transverse; proximal region of hypopharynx with setal brushes. Hypostomal rods (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB68FFF2FE3CF8920F73EA14" box="[458,525,1883,1908]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) well developed, divergent; gular sutures separate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB68FFF1FF31F8B60CC2EAAD" blockId="1.[151,1437,1013,2016]" lastBlockId="2.[151,720,1910,2025]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="191" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB68FFF2FF31F8B60CC7EAFF" box="[199,441,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="190">Thorax and Abdomen</emphasis>
: Thoracic segmentation well developed, sides parallel; cervicosternum divided into three plates. Legs well-developed, moderately short, 5-segmented including tarsungulus, vestiture consisting of sparse, short setae; coxae large, separated by 2–3 coxal diameters. Abdomen flattened, moderately sclerotized, tergites 1–7
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6BFFF1FF61F87D0DABEAAD" box="[151,213,1972,1994]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
: cranium, ventral view
</paragraph>
<caption id="7EEAFEDFCB6BFFF1FF61F8BF0CCAEACC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" targetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6BFFF1FF61F8BF0CCAEACC" blockId="2.[151,720,1910,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6BFFF1FF61F8BF0C44EAEB" bold="true" box="[151,314,1910,1933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">FIGURES 1–6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6BFFF1FEB6F8BE0FF5EAEB" authority="Pic" authorityName="Pic" box="[320,651,1910,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6BFFF1FEB6F8BE0F2CEAEB" box="[320,594,1911,1932]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">Pseudopyrochroa depressa</emphasis>
(Pic)
</taxonomicName>
, larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6BFFF1FF61F81A0F65EA8E" blockId="2.[151,720,1910,2025]" box="[151,539,2003,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6BFFF1FF61F81A0DAAEA8E" box="[151,212,2003,2025]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="191">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
: distal left maxilla, ventral view
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6AFFF0FF61F8A50CC5EAE4" blockId="3.[151,785,1900,2015]" box="[151,443,1900,1923]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6AFFF0FF61F8A50C44EAE5" bold="true" box="[151,314,1900,1923]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6AFFF0FF61F8A50C4BEAE5" box="[151,309,1900,1923]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">FIGURES 1–6</figureCitation>
.
</emphasis>
(Continued)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6AFFF0FF61F8450E6FEAB8" blockId="3.[151,785,1900,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6AFFF0FF61F8450DABEAC5" box="[151,213,1932,1954]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
: abdominal segments 8–9, dorsal view
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6AFFF0FF61F8630DABEAA7" box="[151,213,1962,1984]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
: abdominal segments 8–9, ventral view
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6AFFF0FF61F8000DABEAB8" box="[151,213,1993,2015]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="192">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
: distal urogomphal plate: urogomphal pits, ventral view.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7EEAFEDFCB6DFFF7FF61F8620930EAB8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257029/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="193" targetBox="[280,1331,219,1932]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6DFFF7FF61F8620930EAB8" blockId="4.[151,1102,1963,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6DFFF7FF61F8620C6CEAA7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1963,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="193">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6DFFF7FEEFF8620F00EAA6" authority="Pic" authorityName="Pic" box="[281,638,1963,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fainanensis">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6DFFF7FEEFF8620F3BEAA7" box="[281,581,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="193">Pseudopyrochroa fainanensis</emphasis>
(Pic)
</taxonomicName>
, larva: Fig. 7: urogomphal plate, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6DFFF7FF61F8000C6CEAB9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1993,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="193">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6DFFF7FEEFF8000FFCEAB8" authority="Kono" authorityName="Kono" box="[281,642,1993,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinifrons">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6DFFF7FEEFF8000F3FEAB9" box="[281,577,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="193">Pseudopyrochroa carinifrons</emphasis>
Kôno
</taxonomicName>
, larva: Fig. 8: urogomphal plate, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6CFFF6FF61FF530C7EEFF7" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">
subequal in length and width; 8th tergite approximately
<date id="5E2B8897CB6CFFF6FCE6FF520E4DEDD4" box="[784,819,155,179]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">2X</date>
length of 7th. Sternite 8 emarginate apically. Tergite 9 (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FF69FF770D97EDB0" box="[159,233,190,215]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) hinged, capable of considerable dorso-longitudinal movement, extending ventrally, thus forming the urogomphal plate (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FE99FF2B0CA0ED9C" box="[367,478,226,251]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
), widest basally where it forms well developed lateral lobes, lobes acutely rounded apically; surface of urogomphal plate bearing numerous, well-developed callosities and several larger, dorsal and lateral setigerous calli on the dorsal and lateral urogomphal surfaces; urogomphi heavily sclerotized, long, slender, subparallel, tapering and acuminate apically; ventral surface of urogomphal plate shallowly, but sharply excavate basally at articulation with 9th sternite, excavation narrowing distally to bases of urogomphi. Urogomphal plate possessing a heavily sclerotized, mesally acutely produced urogomphal lip ventrally, between the two, heavily sclerotized, shallow urogomphal pits (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FDBFFE740FF1ECB1" box="[585,655,445,470]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
), which, in turn, arise distally between the heavily sclerotized, fixed urogomphi; urogomphal pits bearing characteristic, parallel rugae (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FC7EFE280EB3EC9D" box="[904,973,481,506]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Sternite 9 (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FBA9FE2809DDEC9D" box="[1119,1187,481,506]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) broadly, transversely U-shaped, divided mesally by weak, desclerotized line, partially recessed into shallow emargination of 8th sternite, possessing continuous semicircular arch of approximately 28–30 well-developed asperites along anterior margin. Tenth segment reduced, crescentiform, basal margin rounded, recessed into emargination of 9th sternite, visible ventrally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6CFFF6FF31FD520980EE44" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FF31FD520C51EFD3" box="[199,303,667,692]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Spiracles</emphasis>
: One pair of well-developed, ovate thoracic spiracles, situated ventro-laterally on laterotergite along anterior margin of mesothorax. Paired, ovate abdominal spiracles, subequal in size, located on dorsolateral margin of 1st abdominal tergite and ventrolateral margins of abdominal laterotergites 2–7; paired spiracles of abdominal laterotergite 8 (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FEB4FCC30CFBEE44" box="[322,389,778,803]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) slightly larger, annular-ovate, located ventrolaterally at distal 1/3 of its length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="628FFDDCCB6CFFF6FF31FCE4080FE940" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6CFFF6FF31FCE4080FE940" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">
<materialsCitation id="9AFDA40ACB6CFFF6FF31FCE40D9AEEDF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316556682" collectingDate="2015-01-29" collectorName="Yun Hsiao &amp; Reared &amp; Pic" country="Taiwan" determinerName="D. K. Young" elevation="1900" latitude="24.424625" location="Syuejian" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.01351" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-adult="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Miaoli Hsien">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FF31FCE40CD4EE21" box="[199,426,813,838]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Material Examined</emphasis>
. [
<specimenCount id="3C9365DECB6CFFF6FE3FFCE70F5CEE21" box="[457,546,813,838]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="3C9365DECB6CFFF6FDC5FCE60F1CEE21" box="[563,610,815,838]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
]:
<collectingCountry id="5282EEC7CB6CFFF6FD89FCE70F8EEE21" box="[639,752,814,838]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="E85160B5CB6CFFF6FCF2FCE40EDFEE21" box="[772,929,813,838]" country="Taiwan" name="Miaoli" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Miaoli Hsien</collectingRegion>
//
<location id="2F4AF88CCB6CFFF6FC25FCE40947EE21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A23C1F41CB68FFF6FF61FC430868EB90:2F4AF88CCB6CFFF6FC25FCE40947EE21" box="[979,1081,813,838]" country="Taiwan" latitude="24.424625" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.01351" name="Syuejian" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" stateProvince="Miaoli Hsien">Syuejian</location>
; ca.
<quantity id="ED6D03B2CB6CFFF6FB89FCE709B3EE21" box="[1151,1229,814,838]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" unit="m" value="1900.0">
<elevation id="A1B84964CB6CFFF6FB89FCE709B3EE21" box="[1151,1229,814,838]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900m</elevation>
</quantity>
//
<geoCoordinate id="4FA1C890CB6CFFF6FB08FCE408EDEE21" box="[1278,1427,813,838]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" precision="1" value="24.424625">24.424625°N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate id="4FA1C890CB6CFFF6FF61FC9D0C49EE0A" box="[151,311,852,877]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" precision="1" value="121.01351">121.013511°E</geoCoordinate>
//
<date id="5E2B8897CB6CFFF6FEA1FC9C0F6CEE0A" box="[343,530,852,877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" value="2015-01-29">
<collectingDate id="4E6F717FCB6CFFF6FEA1FC9C0F6CEE0A" box="[343,530,852,877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" value="2015-01-29">29 January 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
//
<collectorName id="8760CB81CB6CFFF6FDC4FC9C0FD5EE0A" box="[562,683,852,877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Yun Hsiao</collectorName>
, leg.; [2nd label]:
<collectorName id="8760CB81CB6CFFF6FC99FC9D0EC0EE0A" box="[879,958,852,877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Reared</collectorName>
from larva
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FBB3FC9F0920EE0A" box="[1093,1118,854,877]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">ex</emphasis>
: // beneath bark (exposed // surfaces) of decaying logs; // humidity moderate; [3rd label]:
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FCA0FCB209DFEEF3" box="[854,1185,891,916]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FCA0FCB20965EEF3" box="[854,1051,891,916]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudopyrochroa</taxonomicName>
//
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FBC8FCB209DFEEF3" box="[1086,1185,891,916]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">depressa</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="3C9365DECB6CFFF6FB5CFCB509C1EEF4" box="[1194,1215,892,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
//
<collectorName id="8760CB81CB6CFFF6FB14FCB20878EEF3" box="[1250,1286,891,916]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Pic</collectorName>
// det.
<determinerName id="DFF64293CB6CFFF6FAAAFCB50D9AEEDF" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">D. K. Young</determinerName>
</materialsCitation>
. [2 vials, one each for exuviae from last larval instars of reared adults]: [data as above but on single, EtOHformatted label]; [additional data on EtOH label in vials]: ASSOCIATED ADULT IN // PINNED COLLECTION; [2nd label]:
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FEEAFC230C9FE964" box="[284,481,1002,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FEEAFC230C9FE964" box="[284,481,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Pseudopyrochroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
//
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FDF0FC230F17E964" box="[518,617,1002,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FDF0FC230F17E964" box="[518,617,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">depressa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
♂ // Pic // det. D. K. Young.
<materialsCitation id="9AFDA40ACB6CFFF6FC20FC220813E940" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316556680" collectingDate="2015-01-29" collectorName="Yun Hsiao &amp; Reared &amp; Pic" country="Taiwan" determinerName="D. K. Young" elevation="1900" latitude="24.424625" location="Pic" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.01351" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Miaoli Hsien">
[1 mature larva]: [same data as EtOHformatted data labels, above]; [additional label in vial]:
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FCF1FBC70EB2E940" box="[775,972,1038,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FCF1FBC70EB2E940" box="[775,972,1038,1063]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Pseudopyrochroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
//
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FC1CFBC70933E940" box="[1002,1101,1038,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FC1CFBC70933E940" box="[1002,1101,1038,1063]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">depressa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
//
<location id="2F4AF88CCB6CFFF6FB9CFBC709F0E940" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A23C1F41CB68FFF6FF61FC430868EB90:2F4AF88CCB6CFFF6FB9CFBC709F0E940" box="[1130,1166,1038,1063]" name="Pic" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Pic</location>
// det.
<determinerName id="DFF64293CB6CFFF6FB2DFBC60813E940" box="[1243,1389,1039,1063]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">D. K. Young</determinerName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="628FFDDCCB6CFFF6FF31FBFB0868EB90" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6CFFF6FF31FBFB0C07E9D0" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FF31FBFB0C3FE92C" bold="true" box="[199,321,1074,1099]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The structure of the apico-adoral surface of the maxillae has been shown to be somewhat diagnostic at the species level in larvae of
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FE0BFB9F0FBCE908" box="[509,706,1110,1135]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FE0BFB9F0FBCE908" box="[509,706,1110,1135]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Pseudopyrochroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FD27FB9F0E0FE908" author="Hayashi" box="[721,881,1110,1135]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Hayashi, N. (1969) On the larvae of Pyrochroidae occurring in Japan (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Kontyu, 37, 444 - 452." type="journal article" year="1969">Hayashi 1969</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FC8BFB9E0966E908" author="Young" box="[893,1048,1110,1135]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Young, D. K. (1996 b) Evidence supporting an extensive new synonymy for Pseudopyrochroa basalis (Pic) (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with description of the mature larva and redescription of the adult. Oriental Insects, 30, 237 - 250. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1996.10433844" type="journal article" year="1996" yearSuffix="b">Young 1996b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FBD2FB9E091EE908" author="Young" box="[1060,1120,1111,1135]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Young, D. K. (2001) Proposed new synonymy for Pseudopyrochroa longa (Perty) (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with description of the presumed mature larva and redescription of the adult. Oriental Insects, 35, 259 - 270. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2001.10417303" type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
). The three, stout, elongatespatulate setae associated with the uncus (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FD8CFBB30FC0E9F4" box="[634,702,1146,1171]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) are unique among the three currently known
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FB21FBB308E2E9F4" box="[1239,1436,1146,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FB21FBB308E2E9F4" box="[1239,1436,1146,1171]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Pseudopyrochroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae from
<collectingCountry id="5282EEC7CB6CFFF6FED6FB570C08E9D0" box="[288,374,1182,1207]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6CFFF6FF31FB0B0991E80C" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">
Also diagnostic are structures associated with the ninth abdominal segment. The structure of the urogomphal plate has consistently been very useful and reliable for species recognition of a wide range of pyrochroid larvae (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FF21FAC20C1CE844" author="Young" box="[215,354,1290,1315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Young, D. K. (1975) A revision of the family Pyrochroidae (Coleoptera: Heteromera) for North America based on the larvae, pupae and adults. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 11 (3), 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1975">Young 1975</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FE9BFAC20CD9E844" author="Young" box="[365,423,1291,1315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Young, D. K. (1991) Pyrochroidae. In: Stehr, F. W. (Ed.), Immature Insects. Vol. II. Kendall / Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, pp. 541 - 544." type="book chapter" year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FE42FAC30C83E844" author="Young" box="[436,509,1290,1315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Young, D. K. (1996 b) Evidence supporting an extensive new synonymy for Pseudopyrochroa basalis (Pic) (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with description of the mature larva and redescription of the adult. Oriental Insects, 30, 237 - 250. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1996.10433844" type="journal article" year="1996" yearSuffix="b">1996b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FDFEFAC20FACE844" author="Young" box="[520,722,1290,1315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Young, D. K., Hsiao, Y., Liang, W-R. &amp; Lee, C. - F. (2016) Descriptions of the mature larvae for two species of Pseudopyrochroa from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with notes on their natural history. Zootaxa, 4061 (5), 58 - 595. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4061.5.8" type="journal article" year="2016">
Young
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FDAEFAC20FF4E844" box="[600,650,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FD2BFAC30E02E844" author="Hayashi" box="[733,892,1290,1315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Hayashi, N. (1969) On the larvae of Pyrochroidae occurring in Japan (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Kontyu, 37, 444 - 452." type="journal article" year="1969">Hayashi 1969</bibRefCitation>
). The most diagnostically useful characters of
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FA71FAC20D84E820" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FA71FAC20D84E820" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">P. depressa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae are the elongate, slender, subparallel urogomphi (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FC59FAE7095AE820" box="[943,1060,1326,1351]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
), the mesally acutely produced urogomphal lip, and shallow urogomphal pits with characteristic parallel rows of rugae (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FB83FA9B099CE80C" box="[1141,1250,1362,1387]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Figs. 4–6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6CFFF6FF31FABE0F68EB24" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">
Among other known Taiwanese pyrochroid larvae (
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FCEDFABE0E8CE8E8" author="Young" box="[795,1010,1398,1423]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Young, D. K., Hsiao, Y., Liang, W-R. &amp; Lee, C. - F. (2016) Descriptions of the mature larvae for two species of Pseudopyrochroa from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with notes on their natural history. Zootaxa, 4061 (5), 58 - 595. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4061.5.8" type="journal article" year="2016">
Young
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FC87FABE0EDBE8E8" box="[881,933,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
), those of
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FB86FABE0870E8E9" box="[1136,1294,1398,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fainanensis">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FB86FABE0870E8E9" box="[1136,1294,1398,1422]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">P. fainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also have a prominent urogomphal lip (
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FE26FA530F68E8D4" box="[464,534,1434,1459]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[280,1331,219,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[263,1356,193,1948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudopyrochroa fainanensis (Pic), larva: Fig. 7: urogomphal plate, dorsal view; FIGURE 8. Pseudopyrochroa carinifrons Kôno, larva: Fig. 8: urogomphal plate, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257029/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), but it is broadly rounded, the sub-ovate urogomphal pits are more developed, and the urogomphi are strongly incurved with recurved apices. The heavily sclerotized, long, slender, subparallel, tapering, and apically acuminate urogomphi of
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FD48FA2A0E27E89C" box="[702,857,1507,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinifrons">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FD48FA2A0E27E89C" box="[702,857,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">P. carinifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 8) are quite similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FAE2FA2A08EBE89C" box="[1300,1429,1506,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FAE2FA2A08EBE89C" box="[1300,1429,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">P. depressa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the acutely produced urogomphal lip and shallow urogomphal pits of
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FBB2F9CE09B8EB78" box="[1092,1222,1542,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FBB2F9CE09B8EB78" box="[1092,1222,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">P. depressa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="B2AEB2D2CB6CFFF6FB2FF9CF0839EB78" box="[1241,1351,1542,1567]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1910,1933]" captionTargetBox="[262,1293,215,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[250,1316,195,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic), larva: Fig. 1: cranium, dorsal view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
) easily separate larvae of the two species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6CFFF6FF31F98709FBEBB4" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">
<materialsCitation id="9AFDA40ACB6CFFF6FF31F98709FBEBB4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316556681" collectingDate="2015-01-29" latitude="24.424625" location="Miaoli Hsien" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.01351" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Miaoli Hsien">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FF31F9870CFBEB00" bold="true" box="[199,389,1614,1639]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Natural history.</emphasis>
On
<date id="5E2B8897CB6CFFF6FE43F9860F0CEB00" box="[437,626,1614,1639]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" value="2015-01-29">
<collectingDate id="4E6F717FCB6CFFF6FE43F9860F0CEB00" box="[437,626,1614,1639]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" value="2015-01-29">29 January 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, three larvae of
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FCD0F9860EDBEB00" box="[806,933,1614,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FCD0F9860EDBEB00" box="[806,933,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">P. depressa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, two live and one dead, were collected (YH) at an elevation of 1900 meters in
<collectingRegion id="E85160B5CB6CFFF6FDF8F9BB0FDCEBEC" box="[526,674,1650,1675]" country="Taiwan" name="Miaoli" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">Miaoli Hsien</collectingRegion>
(
<geoCoordinate id="4FA1C890CB6CFFF6FD46F9BB0E35EBEC" box="[688,843,1650,1675]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" precision="1" value="24.424625">24.424625°N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate id="4FA1C890CB6CFFF6FCA5F9BB0E88EBEC" box="[851,1014,1650,1675]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" precision="1" value="121.01351">121.013511°E</geoCoordinate>
). The larvae were found beneath bark of dead logs, from exposed surfaces of logs. The humidity of the site was relatively moderate, drier than that associated with collections of
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FE1EF9720F01EBB4" box="[488,639,1723,1747]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinifrons">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FE1EF9720F01EBB4" box="[488,639,1723,1747]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">P. carinifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="ED95D5D4CB6CFFF6FD43F9720E2FEBB4" box="[693,849,1723,1747]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrochroidae" genus="Pseudopyrochroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fainanensis">
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FD43F9720E2FEBB4" box="[693,849,1723,1747]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">P. fainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae (
<bibRefCitation id="4E04D3A6CB6CFFF6FC5CF9720907EBB4" author="Young" box="[938,1145,1722,1747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" refString="Young, D. K., Hsiao, Y., Liang, W-R. &amp; Lee, C. - F. (2016) Descriptions of the mature larvae for two species of Pseudopyrochroa from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with notes on their natural history. Zootaxa, 4061 (5), 58 - 595. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4061.5.8" type="journal article" year="2016">
Young
<emphasis id="18E17245CB6CFFF6FC0BF9720950EBB4" box="[1021,1070,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A2AAE57CB6CFFF6FF31F9170868EB90" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1783]" box="[199,1302,1758,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194">
The two live larvae were successfully reared to the adult stage; one emerged on
<date id="5E2B8897CB6CFFF6FBBEF917086DEB90" box="[1096,1299,1758,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="194" value="2015-02-16">16 February 2015</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

142
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@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
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<mods:namePart>Conradie, Werner</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="172">Material</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="172">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="R21142, R21149, R21228" collectingDate="2016-01-01" collectingDateMax="2016-12-31" collectingDateMin="2016-01-01" location="Mt. Mabu" specimenCount="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A23CFF5AC8D6E26D5963C8DF036A72A5:EB1B0723BECA83A7FD7ACD1638036FB5" name="Mt. Mabu">Mt. Mabu</location>
(PEM
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, juvenile, 312 SVL+
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.63" unit="mm" value="163.0">163 mm</quantity>
TL; PEM
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/R21149">R21149</accessionNumber>
, male,
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="mm" value="650.0">650 mm</quantity>
SVL +
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="400.0">400 mm</quantity>
TL),
<normalizedToken originalValue="M’pàluwé">M'paluwe</normalizedToken>
(PEM
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, female,
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.06" unit="mm" value="706.0">706 mm</quantity>
SVL +
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1899999999999995" unit="mm" value="419.0">419 mm</quantity>
TL)
</materialsCitation>
.
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="172" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="172">Comments</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="172">
At Mt. Mabu one specimen was collected from closed-canopy forest while the other was collected in transitional miombo woodland. A male and female specimen donated by a local presumably obtained from near
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ribáuè">Ribaue</normalizedToken>
town. The juvenile collected from closed-canopy forest had a juvenile
<taxonomicName authorityName="Branch, Bayliss &amp; Tolley" authorityYear="2014" class="Reptilia" family="Chamaeleonidae" genus="Rhampholeon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhampholeon maspictus" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maspictus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="172">Rhampholeon maspictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its stomach.
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