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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143693883" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-97-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1239255" ModsDocID="1314-2003-97-1" checkinTime="1524638383340" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Johnson, David M. &amp; Murray, Nancy A." docDate="2018" docId="5E2EDA66692E2F9831B5231CC1F285A8" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 97: 1-252" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 97" docPubDate="2018-04-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" docTitle="Xylopia thomsonii Oliver, Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 31. 1868." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" lastPageId="172" lastPageNumber="173" masterDocId="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" masterDocTitle="A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa" masterLastPageNumber="252" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" updateTime="1643467003316" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Johnson, David M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Murray, Nancy A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">namurray@owu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-04-24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>97</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>252</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-97-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1239255</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="143693883" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E2EDA66692E2F9831B5231CC1F285A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E2EDA66692E2F9831B5231CC1F285A8" lastPageId="172" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
<subSubSection pageId="167" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
43.
<taxonomicName LSID="5E2EDA66-692E-2F98-31B5-231CC1F285A8" authority="Oliver, Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 31. 1868." authorityName="Oliver, Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 31. 1868." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thomsonii">Xylopia thomsonii Oliver, Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 31. 1868.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Xylopia thomsonii, X. monticola, X. talbotii, and X. dinklagei. A-C X. thomsonii A Fruit B Leaf C Flower D-E X. monticola D Flower E Leaf and fruit F X. talbotii, flower, side view G-I X. dinklagei G Leaf H Flower I Fruit. A from de Wilde &amp; de Wilde-Duyfjes 2703 (K) B, C from Talbot &amp; Talbot 3267 (BM) D from Chapman 3755 (K) E from Thomas et al. 7400 (MO) F from Thomas 3204 (MO) G, H from Dinklage 1840 (A) I from Baldwin 10805 (K)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199124" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Fig. 39A-C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Oliv." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopicrum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopicrum thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<pageBreakToken pageId="168" pageNumber="169" start="start">Xylopicrum</pageBreakToken>
thomsonii
</taxonomicName>
(Oliver) Kuntze, Revis. gen. pl. 1: 8. 1891. Type. NIGERIA [&quot;Upper Guinea&quot;]. Rivers State, Old Calabar, s. d.,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">W. C. Thomson 63</emphasis>
(holotype: K! [000199064]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engler" authorityYear="1895" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia pyrifolia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyrifolia">Xylopia pyrifolia</taxonomicName>
Engler, Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C, 179. 1895. Type. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO. Ituri Province, Bataibo am Duki, 850 m, 7 Nov [1891],
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">F. L. Stuhlmann 2781</emphasis>
(holotype: B! [100153155]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engler &amp; Diels" authorityYear="1899" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia tenuifolia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">Xylopia tenuifolia</taxonomicName>
Engler &amp; Diels, Notizbl.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Königl">Koenigl</normalizedToken>
. Bot. Gart. Berlin 2: 298. 1899.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1903" baseAuthorityName="Engl. &amp; Diels" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopicrum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopicrum tenuifolium" order="Magnoliales" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolium">Xylopicrum tenuifolium</taxonomicName>
(Engler &amp; Diels) Kuntze, Deutsch. Bot. Monatsschr. 21: 173-174. 1903. Type. CAMEROON. Southwest Region, Urwald zwischen Mowange und Isongo [? = Port Isongo,
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="4.0666666">4°04'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.016666">9°01'E</geoCoordinate>
], Mar 1897,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">P. R. Preuss s. n.</emphasis>
(type B, apparently destroyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia seretii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seretii">Xylopia seretii</taxonomicName>
[&quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">sereti</emphasis>
&quot;] De Wildeman, Ann. Mus. Congo,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sér">Ser</normalizedToken>
. 5, Bot. 3: 79-80. 1909. Type. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO [&quot;Belgian Congo&quot;]. Haut-Uele Province, bords
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’une">d'une</normalizedToken>
riviere sur la route de Faradje
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
Vankerkhovenville, 12 Apr 1906,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">F. Seret 555</emphasis>
(holotype: BR!; isotype: BR! [0000008824370]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="169" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="169" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Shrub or small tree</emphasis>
up to 10 m tall, often with lianescent branches that may extend up to 10 m, d.b.h. up to 17.3 cm.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Twigs</emphasis>
light to dark brown, erect-pubescent, the hairs 0.1-1.3 mm long, but often with a mix of denser short (0.1-0.5 mm) hairs and sparser long (0.8-1.3 mm) hairs, eventually brownish gray, glabrate, with the bark exfoliating; nodes rarely (seen in one specimen) with two axillary branches.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Leaf</emphasis>
with larger blades 8.4-13.7 cm long, 2.5-4.7 cm wide, chartaceous, concolorous or more often discolorous, lanceolate, elliptic to oblong, or oblong-oblanceolate, apex acuminate, the acumen 3-16 mm long, base cuneate to rounded, rarely almost truncate, glabrous except for the pubescent midrib adaxially, sparsely appressed-pubescent to glabrate abaxially; midrib slightly impressed to plane adaxially, raised abaxially, secondary veins irregularly brochidodromous, 11-17 per side, diverging at 45-90° from the midrib, these and higher-order veins slightly raised but indistinct adaxially, raised abaxially; petiole 1.5-5.5 mm long, shallowly canaliculate, sparsely pubescent.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Inflorescences</emphasis>
axillary or from axils of fallen leaves, 1(-2)-flowered, rusty-sericeous; pedicels not pedunculate, 2.5-7.9 mm long, 0.8-1.3 mm thick; bracts 3-6, usually closer together and more overlapping toward pedicel base, persistent, 1.6-3.5 mm long, semicircular, elliptic, or ovate, apex obtuse, acute, slightly acuminate, or sometimes bilobed; buds linear, apex acute, sometimes slightly falciform.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Sepals</emphasis>
erect or slightly spreading at anthesis, 1/6-2/5-connate, 1.8-3.8 mm long, 2.6-3.0 mm wide, chartaceous to coriaceous, ovate, elliptic, or triangular, apex acute, acuminate, or sometimes obtuse, rusty-sericeous abaxially.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Petals</emphasis>
white, cream, or pale mauve
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">in vivo</emphasis>
; outer petals somewhat spreading at anthesis, (14.6-) 22-49 mm long, 2.4-3.8 mm wide at base, 1.0-2.0 mm wide at midpoint, linear, apex acute to obtuse, puberulent, becoming glabrous toward the base adaxially, rusty-sericeous, becoming glabrous at the base abaxially; inner petals curved outward to weakly geniculate but curved inward toward the apices at anthesis, 16-33 mm long, 2.1-3.2 mm wide at base, 0.6-1.2 mm wide at midpoint, coriaceous, linear, apex acute, base with undifferentiated margin, transversely thickened at the widest point, longitudinally ridged on both surfaces, puberulent on both surfaces but becoming glabrous toward the base.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Stamens</emphasis>
ca. 200; fertile stamens 1.2-1.8 mm long, narrowly oblong; apex of con
<pageBreakToken pageId="169" pageNumber="170" start="start">nective</pageBreakToken>
0.2-0.4 mm long, dome-shaped, minutely papillate, anthers 9-13-locellate, filament 0.3-0.5 mm long; outer staminodes 1.3-1.8 mm long, clavate to oblong, apex obtuse to obliquely truncate; inner staminodes 0.7-1.2 mm long, clavate to oblong, apex rounded to truncate; staminal cone 1.3-2.0 mm in diameter, 0.5-1.1 mm high, concealing the lower portion of the ovaries, rim laciniate.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Carpels</emphasis>
7-13; ovaries 0.9-1.3 mm long, oblong, densely pubescent, stigmas connivent, 1.8-3.4 mm long, linear-falcate, apices pubescent.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Torus</emphasis>
1.7-2.6 mm in diameter.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Fruit</emphasis>
of up to 12 glabrate monocarps borne on a pedicel 5-12 mm long, 2.2-7.5 mm thick, basal bract or sepals sometimes persistent, sparsely appressed-pubescent; torus of fruit 2-9 mm in diameter, 3.5-5 mm high, globose.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Monocarps</emphasis>
with a green exterior and red to red-purple endocarp
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">in vivo</emphasis>
, 2.1-6.5 cm long, 0.6-1.2 cm wide, 0.5-0.6 cm thick, narrowly oblong and often somewhat falciform, weakly torulose, apex obtuse or occasionally with a broad beak 1-4 mm long, base contracted into a stipe 3-11 mm long, 1.7-2.7 mm thick, smooth to longitudinally or obliquely wrinkled, verrucose; pericarp 0.2-0.3 mm thick.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Seeds</emphasis>
up to 9, commonly 4-8 per monocarp, in a single row, lying oblique or occasionally nearly perpendicular to long axis, 9.2-12.3 mm long, 5.5-6.7 mm wide, 4.8-6.3 mm thick, ellipsoid to oblong, elliptic to nearly circular in cross section, truncate at micropylar end, rounded at chalazal end, brown, smooth or with shallow pits or wrinkles, dull to slightly shiny, raphe/antiraphe sometimes visible but flush with seed surface, micropylar scar 2.5-4.5 long, 1.5-3 mm wide, broadly elliptic to nearly circular; sarcotesta thin, waxy, green
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">in vivo</emphasis>
, sometimes visible as a white crust on dried seeds; aril absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Specimens with flowers have been collected in all months of the year except August, most frequently from November to May. Specimens with fruits have been collected in all months except March and August.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Distributions of Xylopia acutiflora, X. dinklagei, X. monticola, X. piratae, X. thomsonii, and X. unguiculata. Bolder lines represent country borders, fainter lines lakes and major rivers." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199119" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">34</figureCitation>
). Occurs from southeastern Nigeria east to South Sudan and south to northern Angola and south-central Democratic Republic of the Congo, in understory of mature forest or gallery forest, occasionally in marshy forest or forest edges near water, at elevations from sea level to ca. 1000 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="local names">
<paragraph pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Local names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
Akwi (Ewondo,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Breteler 931</emphasis>
), anzungunzungu (Zande,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Gerard 1611</emphasis>
), apanjinji (Kibila,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Hart 284</emphasis>
), azungu-zungu (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">de Graer 241</emphasis>
), likungu (Turumbu,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Louis 1842</emphasis>
), sange (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Hart 68</emphasis>
), sangi tingoo (Central African Republic,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Harris &amp; Fay 607</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="172" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="representative specimens">
<paragraph pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Representative specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="172" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">NIGERIA.</emphasis>
Loe, Ibadan District,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Ainslie 169</emphasis>
(PR); Calabar Province, Agoi Forest Reserve, 26 Jan 1962 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Binuyo FHI 45456</emphasis>
(K-2 sheets); Lagos, (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Dalziel 1144</emphasis>
(M); without definite locality [probably Sapoba],
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Kennedy 169</emphasis>
(A); &quot;Southern Nigeria&quot; [probably Sapoba],
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Kennedy 2270</emphasis>
(A-2 sheets, BM, F, MO, US); Oban, 1912 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Talbot 1353</emphasis>
(BM); Oban, 1912 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Talbot 1486</emphasis>
(BM); Eket District, 1912-13 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Talbot &amp; Talbot 3267</emphasis>
(BM); Iba, Jan 1933 (fl bud),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Thomewill 200</emphasis>
(K).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">CAMEROON.</emphasis>
Bitya, near the River Dja [
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Ja”">&quot;Ja&quot;</normalizedToken>
], s. d. (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Bates 1852</emphasis>
(K); S bank of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lobé">Lobe</normalizedToken>
R. SE of Gr. Batanga ferry,
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="2.8666668">2°52'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.9">9°54'E</geoCoordinate>
, 11 Oct 1969 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Bos 5475</emphasis>
(B, K, MO, P, WAG-3 sheets); forest along river Sanaga near Goyoum 20 km W of Deng Deng, ca. 635 m, 27 Jan 1961 (fl, fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Breteler 931 [Letouzey 3261</emphasis>
] (BR, K, P, WAG-2 sheets);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bétaré">Betare</normalizedToken>
Oya, 5 km along road to Bert
<pageBreakToken pageId="170" pageNumber="171" start="start">oua</pageBreakToken>
, ca. 900 m, 17 Feb 1961 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Breteler 1063</emphasis>
(A, FI-T, K, M, P, WAG-2 sheets);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bétaré">Betare</normalizedToken>
Oya, 5 km along road to Bertoua, ca. 900 m, 26 Feb 1961 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Breteler 1137</emphasis>
(WAG-2 sheets); bank of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Doumé">Doume</normalizedToken>
River, 40 km SW of Batouri, near village Bimba, 15 Apr 1962 (fl, fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Breteler 2797</emphasis>
(A, BR, FI-T, K, M, P), Southwest, Korup National Park, P transect, P plot, subplot 20F,
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="5.016667">5°01'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="8.8">8°48'E</geoCoordinate>
, 100 m, 10 Mar 2004 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">van der Burgt 662</emphasis>
(K); Prov. Southwest, along Lobe River near Ekondo Titi,
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="4.6">4°36'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.0">9°00'E</geoCoordinate>
, 28 Feb 1987 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Doumenge 313</emphasis>
(MO); 8 km W of Masok, 400 m, 27 Mar 1965 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Leeuwenberg 5217</emphasis>
(B, DSM, K, L, MO, P, W, WAG-2 sheets); 10 km
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Ouest">l'Ouest</normalizedToken>
de Bagodo, 28 Jul 1966 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Letouzey 7563</emphasis>
(K, P); Mayo Banyo, 20 km NNE of Banyo, 8 Jun 1967 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Letouzey 8552 (leg Mpom Benoit</emphasis>
(K); Colline de Mill (5 km NE Lolodorf), 26 Jan 1974 (fl, fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Letouzey 12797</emphasis>
(P); Bamenda, Fonfuka [
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.5166664">6°31'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.433333">10°26'E</geoCoordinate>
], 3000-3500', May 1931 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Maitland 1731</emphasis>
(K); Southwest, Three-corners Foe,
<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="4.55">04°33'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.066667">09°04'E</geoCoordinate>
, 100 m, 28 Jul 1986 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Mambo &amp; Thomas 97</emphasis>
(G, MO);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ebolowa-Jaünde">Ebolowa-Jauende</normalizedToken>
, Jan 1914 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Mildbraed 7716</emphasis>
(K); etwa 180 km NW Jaunde, May 1914 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Mildbraed 8422</emphasis>
(K);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mbüssa">Mbuessa</normalizedToken>
, 8-900 m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55555" value="6.0">6°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="14.333333">14°20'E</geoCoordinate>
, 29 Apr 1914 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Mildbraed 9069</emphasis>
(K-2 sheets); South West Province, Mount Cameroon, Njonji,
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="4.116667">4°07'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.016666">9°01'E</geoCoordinate>
, 420 m, 18 Apr 1997 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Nning 364</emphasis>
(MO); Ngoasik (10 km SSE Ambam), rive du Ntem, 1 Mar 1963 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Raynal &amp; Raynal 10130</emphasis>
(P, W); Bertoua-Batouri, 1962 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Tchinaye 113</emphasis>
(P); Korup Reserve, [ca.
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="4.9833336">4°59'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="8.85">8°51'E</geoCoordinate>
], 12 Jan 1979 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Thomas 595</emphasis>
(K); Southwest Province, Korup National Park,
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="5.05">5°03'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="8.8">8°48'E</geoCoordinate>
, 50 m, 28 Feb-3 Apr 1984 (buds),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Thomas 3242</emphasis>
(MO); Lombe Camp, Tissongo Study Area, Douala-Edea Reserve, Jun 1976 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Waterman &amp; McKey 809</emphasis>
(K); ca. 10 km SW of Ambam, S of Ebolowa, on N bank of Ntem River, 2 Mar 1964 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">de Wilde &amp; de Wilde-Duyfjes 2043</emphasis>
(B, K, MO); ca. 50 km S of Badjob, ca. 60 km NW of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Eséka">Eseka</normalizedToken>
, along the Njong River, 20 Mar 1964 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">de Wilde &amp; de Wilde-Duyfjes 2172</emphasis>
(B, K, MO, PRE, WAG); bank of Nyong River, near the new bridge,
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
65 km SSW of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Eséka">Eseka</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
200 m, 16 Jun 1964 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">de Wilde &amp; de Wilde-Duyfjes 2703</emphasis>
(B, K, MO, WAG-2 sheets); about 10 km S of Meiganga, ca. 900 m, 23 Nov 1964 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">de Wilde et al. 3994</emphasis>
(WAG-2 sheets); region
<normalizedToken originalValue="M’Bamileke">M'Bamileke</normalizedToken>
[
<normalizedToken originalValue="“M'Bamileleke”">&quot;M'Bamileleke&quot;</normalizedToken>
], 19 Dec 1957 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">de Wit 352</emphasis>
[de Wit Herbarium 7952] (WAG-2 sheets).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC.</emphasis>
Oubangui,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rég">Reg</normalizedToken>
. E Yango, Feb 1920 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Adjt. Allouette s. n.</emphasis>
[herb. De Ch.
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Alleizette">d'Alleizette</normalizedToken>
] (L); Sangha Economique Prefecture, Ndakan, gorilla study area
<normalizedToken originalValue="Njéké">Njeke</normalizedToken>
from M 5400 to C 5800,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.2">16°12'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="02" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="2.35">02°21'E</geoCoordinate>
, 350 m, 7 May 1988 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Harris &amp; Fay 607</emphasis>
(K, MO); Yalinga, 30 Mar 1921 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Le Testu 2605</emphasis>
(BM, P, US); entre Yalinga et Bria (km 60), Guyao, 29 Apr 1921 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Le Testu 2681</emphasis>
(BM, BR, MO-2 sheets); Yalinga, Haut Ubangi, 16 Mar 1923 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Le Testu 4617</emphasis>
(BM, MO, P); Yalinga, 30 Apr 1923 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Le Testu 4702</emphasis>
(BM); Yalinga, 25 Feb 1921 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Le Testu s. n.</emphasis>
(BM); bank of the Sangha River (international frontier) collected 30 km from Libongo southwards,
<geoCoordinate degrees="02" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="2.5">02°30'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="16.066668">16°04' E</geoCoordinate>
, 350 m, 27 Jul 1987 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Thomas &amp; Fay 7281</emphasis>
(MO, WAG); dans les roches Riv. Yakumburu 35 km E Moroubas, 1 May 1922 [1921 on P sheet, mai 1923 in Tisserant and
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3406/jatba.1953.6796" author="Sillans, R" journalOrPublisher="Revue Internationale de Botanique Appliquee et d'Agriculture Tropicale" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" pagination="548 - 557" refId="B153" refString="Sillans, R, 1953. Plantes ligneuses nouvelles d'Afrique tropicale. Revue Internationale de Botanique Appliquee et d'Agriculture Tropicale 33: 548 - 557, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3406/jatba.1953.6796" title="Plantes ligneuses nouvelles d'Afrique tropicale." url="https://doi.org/10.3406/jatba.1953.6796" volume="33" year="1953">Sillans 1953</bibRefCitation>
] (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="170" pageNumber="171">Tisserant 476</emphasis>
(BM, P); Riv. Dakpete 30 km E Moroubas, 1 Apr 1924 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<pageBreakToken pageId="171" pageNumber="172" start="start">Tisserant</pageBreakToken>
1470
</emphasis>
(BM); Bozoum, 1 May 1932 (buds),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Tisserant 3068</emphasis>
(BM).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">SOUTH SUDAN.</emphasis>
SW Equatorial Province, Aloma Plateau, ca. 1 mile SSW of Iwatoka, 23 Mar 1939 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Hoyle 823</emphasis>
(BM, K); Korobe Forest, Yei District, Equatoria, 2 Jul 1958 (st),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Jackson 3894</emphasis>
(K); am Nabambim, 19 Feb 1870 (bud, fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Schweinfurth 3032</emphasis>
(K); Lado, Yei River, Asugi, 23 Oct 1919,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Sillitoe 353</emphasis>
(K); Lado, Yei River, 10 Nov 1919 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Sillitoe 479</emphasis>
(K).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">GABON.</emphasis>
Estuaire: 8 km N of Libreville, 30 Jan 1961 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
961
</emphasis>
(WAG);
<normalizedToken originalValue="forêt">foret</normalizedToken>
de la Mondah,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.55">0°33'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.383333">9°23'E</geoCoordinate>
, 19 Dec 1993 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Jongkind &amp; Breteler 1329</emphasis>
(MO-2 sheets); ca. 1 km sur petite piste
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
droite, 2 km avant Cap
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estérias">Esterias</normalizedToken>
, 12 Nov 1982 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Louis 97</emphasis>
(WAG-2 sheets); N of Libreville, ca. 10 km on road to Cap Esterias,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.5">0°30'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.366667">9°22'E</geoCoordinate>
, 10 m, 20 Nov 1991 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">McPherson 15526</emphasis>
(MO); ca. 20 km N of Libreville,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.5833333">0°35'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.366667">9°22'E</geoCoordinate>
, 29 Jan 1987 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Reitsma &amp; Reitsma 2862</emphasis>
(MO, NY, RSA); Cap Esterias,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
de la Mondah, marsh forest, 10 m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="36.7" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="0.6116667">0°36.7'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="23.3" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="9.388333">9°23.3'E</geoCoordinate>
, 23 Oct 1994 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Wieringa et al. 2884</emphasis>
(WAG); about 14 km along the road Libreville to Cape Esterias, 26 Nov 1983 (bud),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">de Wilde et al. 785</emphasis>
(MO).-
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ngounié">Ngounie</normalizedToken>
: Waka, forest exploitation road near what is called the Falaise, ca. 400 m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.3">1°18'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.95">10°57'E</geoCoordinate>
, 22 Nov 1964 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Arends et al. 389</emphasis>
(MO, P).-Nyanga: Doudou Mountains, 8 Dec 1984 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Arends et al. 708</emphasis>
(MO, P, WAG).-
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Ivindo">Ogooue-Ivindo</normalizedToken>
: Ile de
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’éléphant">l'elephant</normalizedToken>
, Makokou, 21 Sep 1971 (fl, fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Hladik 1540 part A</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">part B</emphasis>
(P); Ile de
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’éléphant">l'elephant</normalizedToken>
, pointe nord Makokou, 20 Jan 1972 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Hladik 1924 part A</emphasis>
(P); Ipassa, 10 km S of Makokou, small island in Ivindo River, 500 m, 20 Jan 1972 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Hladik 1924 part C</emphasis>
(US).-
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Maritime">Ogooue-Maritime</normalizedToken>
: SE of Port Gentil, ca.
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.6666667">0°40'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="8.833333">8°50'E</geoCoordinate>
, 16 Sep 1968 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Breteler &amp; van Raalte 5564</emphasis>
(WAG); Rabi-Kounga, ca.
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.9166667">1°55'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.916667">9°55'E</geoCoordinate>
, 25 Dec 1991 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Breteler &amp; Jongkind 10111</emphasis>
(WAG); 1 km on the road from Rabi to Divangui, along track,
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.9">1°54'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.883333">9°53'E</geoCoordinate>
, 25 Nov 1989 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">de Wilde et al. 9740</emphasis>
(WAG); Gamba, 19.5 km Gamba airport road to Mayonami, then 5 km along track to Nyanga River, ca.
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.9333334">2°56'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.2">10°12'E</geoCoordinate>
, 23 Nov 1994 (fl, fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">de Wilde &amp; de Wilde-Bakhuizen 11194</emphasis>
(WAG).-Woleu-Ntem:
<normalizedToken originalValue="région">region</normalizedToken>
entre
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
et Cameroun, bords de la
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kyé">Kye</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Méyo’">Meyo'</normalizedToken>
, 12 Mar 1933 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Le Testu 9025</emphasis>
(BM, P);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bélinga">Belinga</normalizedToken>
, 19 Dec 1964 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
3545
</emphasis>
(P).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO.</emphasis>
Environs de
<normalizedToken originalValue="N’tiétié">N'tietie</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
13 km du village vers
<normalizedToken originalValue="N’Gongo">N'Gongo</normalizedToken>
, 9 Dec 1974 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Sita 3813</emphasis>
(P).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO.</emphasis>
Bas-Uele: Tukpwo, galerie de la Diagbo, 22 Nov 1954 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Gerard 1611</emphasis>
(BR).-Haute-Uele: without definite locality [probably vicinity of Doruma], (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">de Graer 241</emphasis>
(BR); Province Orientale, District Haut Uele, Territoire Dungu, Region Doruma, 4 Feb 1958 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Leclercq 346</emphasis>
(BR).-Ituri: Epulu, zone de Mambasa (Ituri),
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="1.4166666">1°25'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="28.583334">28°35'E</geoCoordinate>
, 750 m, 12 May 1981 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Hart 68</emphasis>
(K); Epulu, zone de Mambasa (Ituri),
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="1.4166666">1°25'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="28.583334">28°35'E</geoCoordinate>
, 750 m, 12 May 1982 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Hart 284</emphasis>
(K).-Mai-Ndombe: entre Kole et Dekese (Lac Leo II), Oct 1932 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Lebrun 6447</emphasis>
(K, P); Kutu (Lac Leo II), Nov 1932 (st-old pedicel),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Lebrun 6599</emphasis>
(MO).-Tshopo: Yangambi, 7 Mar 1958 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Leonard 247</emphasis>
(BR); Yangambi, plateau de la Lusambila, 8 May 1936 (fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Louis 1842</emphasis>
(BR); Yangambi, embouchure Isalowe, 25 Mar 1938 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Louis 8620</emphasis>
(RSA); Yangambi, au borde de la
<normalizedToken originalValue="rivière">riviere</normalizedToken>
Isolowe, Jul 1938 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Louis 10255</emphasis>
(B, MO, NY, US); Yangambi, au bord de
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Etehwa">l'Etehwa</normalizedToken>
, Oct 1938
<pageBreakToken pageId="172" pageNumber="173" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Louis 13217</emphasis>
(BM, K-2 sheets, P); Yangambi,
<normalizedToken originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
de la
<normalizedToken originalValue="rivière">riviere</normalizedToken>
Lusambila, 12 Jan 1961 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Yafunga F.60</emphasis>
(BR).-Province unknown: am Mbowole [I. Darbyshire, personal communication, indicates that this locality is in present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo], Mar 1870 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Schweinfurth 3234</emphasis>
(K);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">ANGOLA.</emphasis>
Lunda: Vila Henrique de Carvalho (Saurimo), pr. rio Chicapa, 1015 m [1050 m on MO sheet], Apr 1937 (yg fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Gossweiler 11650</emphasis>
(BM, K, MO); nordeste de Lunda, Dundo, proximum flumen Luachima, 3 Sep 1946 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Gossweiler 13648</emphasis>
(BM-2 sheets, K, US); nordeste de Lunda,
<normalizedToken originalValue="circunscrição">circunscricao</normalizedToken>
de Chitato, Marhura, river Chicapa, 700 m, 17 Jun 1948 (fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Gossweiler 14110</emphasis>
(BM, K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Xylopia thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a lianescent shrub or occasionally a small tree occurring in lowland forests, usually near wetlands. Within the
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Richard, Hist. phys. Cuba, Pl. vasc. 1: 55. 1841 [&quot;" authorityYear="1845" baseAuthorityName="Dunal" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia acutiflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutiflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Xylopia acutiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgroup, the species can be distinguished by the broadly cuneate to rounded leaf base, narrow petals variable in length but with the outer petals significantly longer than the inner petals, and slightly torulose blunt-tipped monocarps with up to 9 seeds in a single row. Indument of the twigs varies from a mixture of erect long and short hairs to short hairs only, the latter occurring primarily in specimens from coastal Gabon and Cameroon. The type specimen of
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has some axils with two flowers, and the original description of the species indicates up to 20 carpels per flower. In our material, the inflorescences usually consisted of a single flower and the flowers never had more than 13 carpels. Even segregated from
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. acutiflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="acutiflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. acutiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, there is variability in this widespread species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
The range of
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
overlaps with that of
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. unguiculata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="unguiculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. unguiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the southern part of its distribution, and approaches that of
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. monticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along the border between Cameroon and Nigeria.
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. M. Johnson &amp; N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia unguiculata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="unguiculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Xylopia unguiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by the cuneate rather than rounded leaf bases, the broader outer petals, and the claw-like beak of the monocarps. In addition, the pedicels of
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. unguiculata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="unguiculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. unguiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are shorter and the monocarps more strongly torulose.
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. M. Johnson &amp; N. A. Murray" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia monticola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Xylopia monticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not exhibit the liana habit and has monocarps with fewer seeds and proportionately longer stipes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
For a frequently collected species, little is known about the biology of
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The label of
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Léonard">Leonard</normalizedToken>
247
</emphasis>
from Democratic Republic of the Congo described it as occurring in forest of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Harms" authorityYear="1901" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Scorodophloeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scorodophloeus" order="Fabales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Scorodophloeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along water but no additional details were given.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
The type of
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. pyrifolia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="pyrifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. pyrifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engler at B, figured in
<bibRefCitation author="Engler, A" journalOrPublisher="Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" refId="B50" refString="Engler, A, Diels, L, 1901. VI. Anonaceae. In: Engler A (Ed.) Monographieen Afrikanischer Pflanzen-Familien und Gattungen. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig" title="VI. Anonaceae. In: Engler A (Ed.) Monographieen Afrikanischer Pflanzen-Familien und Gattungen." year="1901">Engler and Diels (1901</bibRefCitation>
, Plate XXII, Fig. B), consists of branches with leaves and one fruit of immature monocarps borne on a short pedicel. The leaves, while proportionately broader than is typical for
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have the same texture and rounded base. The monocarps, while immature, have a short stipe, blunt apex, and a single row of 2-4 seeds, all typical for the species. More problematic is the name
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engler &amp; Diels" authorityYear="1899" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia tenuifolia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Xylopia tenuifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The type specimen appears to be lost, but
<bibRefCitation author="Engler, A" journalOrPublisher="Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" refId="B50" refString="Engler, A, Diels, L, 1901. VI. Anonaceae. In: Engler A (Ed.) Monographieen Afrikanischer Pflanzen-Familien und Gattungen. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig" title="VI. Anonaceae. In: Engler A (Ed.) Monographieen Afrikanischer Pflanzen-Familien und Gattungen." year="1901">Engler and Diels (1901)</bibRefCitation>
placed it as a synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia oxypetala" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oxypetala">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Xylopia oxypetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The description agrees with that of
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the relatively thin oblong to elliptic-oblong leaves 10-13 cm long with few hairs and the usually solitary flowers, and the type locality in coastal Cameroon is plausible for
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Although the type specimen of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia seretii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seretii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Xylopia seretii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comes from the northeastern extreme of the distribution, it agrees well with other specimens of
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">X. thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from that area.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>