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<document id="8EB79B50664461D8329F5B5A711D547C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4103.5.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e04adc26-463f-487a-9ed4-18613d4c2002" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="259187" ID-ZooBank="4081AE65-C07F-4A14-8368-5B7F957BE774" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460702414760" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dow, Rory A." docDate="2016" docId="5E272A35FF94B426FF1DFA98FABBAF07" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4103.5.6.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4103 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Coeliccia suoitia Dow, 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="484" masterDocId="A21E524DFF94B425FF8AFFBAFFD6A80E" masterDocTitle="A remarkable new species of Coeliccia from the Tuyen Lam Lake area, Lam Dong, southern Vietnam (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae)" masterLastPageNumber="486" masterPageNumber="481" pageNumber="481" updateTime="1698356516100" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="8A31629020BE9505DBFC9697638363E1">A remarkable new species of Coeliccia from the Tuyen Lam Lake area, Lam Dong, southern Vietnam (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="EDAA474CE77524110C9F26D397D2511B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D6241A3E8437D09643A144EE482B219F">Dow, Rory A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EDB3E5CE440FC52EDFE034BB639AAA39">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="9E81B824365E3AC92165481B51D54058">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="90C0CD6B6A03AC9D17388A8710B03B96">4103</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="54CF33AEA5E492F90234C963DDF62E10" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4103.5.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5E272A35FF94B426FF1DFA98FABBAF07" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6090765" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119583843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6090765" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E272A35FF94B426FF1DFA98FABBAF07" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E272A35FF94B426FF1DFA98FABBAF07" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="484" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
<subSubSection id="9E94C8A8FF94B425FF1DFA98FEF6AD50" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF94B425FF1DFA98FE13AD33" blockId="0.[151,453,1314,1374]" box="[151,453,1314,1341]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
<heading id="8D792C4FFF94B425FF1DFA98FE13AD33" bold="true" box="[151,453,1314,1341]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF94B425FF1DFA98FE13AD33" bold="true" box="[151,453,1314,1341]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF94B425FF1DFA98FE89AD32" ID-CoL="9X2C4" box="[151,351,1314,1340]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoitia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF94B425FF1DFA98FE89AD32" bold="true" box="[151,351,1314,1340]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Coeliccia suoitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC9FA4AFF94B425FEEDFA99FE13AD33" box="[359,453,1315,1341]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF94B425FF1DFAFFFEF6AD50" blockId="0.[151,453,1314,1374]" box="[151,288,1349,1374]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
(
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF94B425FF15FAFFFEC1AD50" box="[159,279,1349,1374]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStart-2="FIGURES 8 – 9" captionStart-3="FIGURES 10 – 13" captionStart-4="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="1.[151,264,830,853]" captionStartId-1="1.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionStartId-2="2.[151,264,642,665]" captionStartId-3="2.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionStartId-4="3.[151,250,1098,1120]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,378,806]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1434,902,1864]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1353,257,609]" captionTargetBox-3="[152,1396,746,1616]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1434,265,1076]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[151,1435,378,806]" captionTargetId-1="figure@1.[151,1435,902,1864]" captionTargetId-2="figure@2.[150,1437,193,622]" captionTargetId-3="figure@2.[152,1435,746,1630]" captionTargetId-4="figure@3.[151,1435,265,1077]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="1" captionTargetPageId-2="2" captionTargetPageId-3="2" captionTargetPageId-4="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2. Coeliccia suoitia holotype head: (1) dorsal view; (2) dorso-frontal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 7. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (3) prothorax, lateral view, scale bar 0.5 mm; (4) prothorax, dorsal view; (5) synthorax, dorsal view; (6) synthorax, lateral view, the small arrow shows the position of the area magnified in Fig. 7; (7) detail of venter of synthorax, lateral view, showing field of setae, scale bar 0.5 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 8 – 9. Coeliccia suoitia holotype genital ligula: (8) ventral view, scale bar 0.2 mm; (9) lateral view terminal segment, scale bar 0.2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURES 10 – 13. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (10) terminal abdominal segments, dorsal view; (11) left paraproct, ventral view, scale bar 1 mm; (12) anal appendages dorsal view, scale bar 1 mm; (13) anal appendages, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 14. Habitus of Coeliccia suoitia holotype." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/259188/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/259189/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/259190/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/259191/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/259192/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
Figs. 1
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF94B425FF66FAFFFF2CAD50" bold="true" box="[236,250,1349,1374]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">–</emphasis>
14
</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94C8A8FF94B425FF1DFA37FB8CADA8" box="[151,1114,1421,1446]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF94B425FF1DFA37FB8CADA8" blockId="0.[151,1437,1421,2022]" box="[151,1114,1421,1446]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF94B425FF1DFA37FEC8ADA8" bold="true" box="[151,286,1421,1446]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF94B425FD90FA34FDB0ADAB" box="[538,614,1422,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoitia">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF94B425FD90FA34FDB0ADAB" box="[538,614,1422,1445]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">suoitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a noun in apposition, after the
<typeStatus id="09352581FF94B425FC43FA34FC2FADA8" box="[969,1017,1422,1446]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94C8A8FF94B425FF4DFA0BFBBFADE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF94B425FF4DFA0BFBBFADE3" blockId="0.[151,1437,1421,2022]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF94B425FF4DFA0BFE22ADC4" bold="true" box="[199,500,1457,1482]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
<typeStatus id="09352581FF94B425FF4DFA0BFED4ADC4" box="[199,258,1457,1482]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Type</typeStatus>
material.
<typeStatus id="09352581FF94B425FEF4FA0BFE39ADC4" box="[382,495,1457,1482]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
♂, Suoi Tia, Tuyen Lam Lake, Da Lat, Lam Dong Province,
<collectingCountry id="AE99DBB3FF94B425FB3FFA0BFAC1ADC4" box="[1205,1303,1457,1482]" name="Vietnam" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="117636C6FF94B425FAA9FA08FAA5ADC4" box="[1315,1395,1458,1482]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400m</quantity>
,
<date id="A230BDE3FF94B425FA0AFA08FF20ADE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" value="2006-12-13">13 xii 2006</date>
, leg. M. Hämäläinen, in
<collectionCode id="B09F03E6FF94B425FD81FA6CFDB5ADE3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" box="[523,611,1494,1517]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">RMNH</collectionCode>
.
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF94B425FDE6FA6FFD3BADE0" bold="true" box="[620,749,1493,1518]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
<typeStatus id="09352581FF94B425FDE6FA6FFD3EADE0" box="[620,744,1493,1518]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="C08850AAFF94B425FD7EFA6CFCF7ADE3" box="[756,801,1494,1518]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, data as
<typeStatus id="09352581FF94B425FC0BFA6FFC30ADE0" box="[897,998,1493,1518]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, in
<collectionCode id="B09F03E6FF94B425FB87FA6CFBB3ADE3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" box="[1037,1125,1494,1517]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">RMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94C8A8FF94B426FF4DFA43FF34AE3E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="484" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF94B425FF4DFA43FCA3AEC8" blockId="0.[151,1437,1421,2022]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF94B425FF4DFA43FDF9AE1C" bold="true" box="[199,559,1529,1554]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
Description of
<typeStatus id="09352581FF94B425FEF7FA43FE35AE1C" box="[381,483,1529,1554]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male.
</emphasis>
Head: Labium mostly pale. Labrum and postclypeus almost entirely black, anteclypeus pale with pair of small ca semicircular black marks adjacent to labrum (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF94B425FBC8F9A7FB50AE38" box="[1090,1158,1565,1590]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="1.[151,264,830,853]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,378,806]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1435,378,806]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Coeliccia suoitia holotype head: (1) dorsal view; (2) dorso-frontal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259188/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Genae, mandible bases and area above pale bluish, this extending onto anterior part of frons and narrowly above post clypeus for some distance (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF94B425FE88F9DFFE9EAE70" box="[258,328,1637,1662]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="1.[151,264,830,853]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,378,806]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1435,378,806]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Coeliccia suoitia holotype head: (1) dorsal view; (2) dorso-frontal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259188/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Subrectangular yellow mark extending from each lateral ocellus towards antennae (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF94B425FA80F9DFFA9AAE70" box="[1290,1356,1637,1662]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="1.[151,264,830,853]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,378,806]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1435,378,806]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Coeliccia suoitia holotype head: (1) dorsal view; (2) dorso-frontal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259188/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), large yellow post ocular markings. Top part of scape yellowish, antennae otherwise largely black and dark brown. Rest of dorsum of head matte black, underside entirely pale yellowish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF94B424FF4DF96BFEDEA94D" blockId="0.[151,1437,1421,2022]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1436,151,323]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="482" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
Thorax: Prothorax with propleuron pale except upper rear part, pronotum black except for two short yellowish conical horns positioned dorsolaterally on middle lobe, directed slightly forwards (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF94B425FBD9F94FFB12AF00" box="[1107,1220,1781,1806]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId="1.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,902,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1435,902,1864]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 7. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (3) prothorax, lateral view, scale bar 0.5 mm; (4) prothorax, dorsal view; (5) synthorax, dorsal view; (6) synthorax, lateral view, the small arrow shows the position of the area magnified in Fig. 7; (7) detail of venter of synthorax, lateral view, showing field of setae, scale bar 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259189/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Figs. 3, 4</figureCitation>
). Posterior lobe of pronotum simple, collar-like. Synthorax with mesepisternum and mesepimeron shiny black, mesepisternum with two narrow yellow antehumeral stripes reaching to apex of antealar triangle, slightly expanded in anterior part (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF94B425FAE5F887FF71AF74" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId="1.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,902,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1435,902,1864]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 7. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (3) prothorax, lateral view, scale bar 0.5 mm; (4) prothorax, dorsal view; (5) synthorax, dorsal view; (6) synthorax, lateral view, the small arrow shows the position of the area magnified in Fig. 7; (7) detail of venter of synthorax, lateral view, showing field of setae, scale bar 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259189/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">
Fig.
<docIssue id="92EDE4CCFF94B425FF1DF8DBFF71AF74" box="[151,167,1889,1914]" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">5</docIssue>
</figureCitation>
). Laterally (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF94B425FECAF8DBFE5DAF74" box="[320,395,1889,1914]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId="1.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,902,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1435,902,1864]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 7. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (3) prothorax, lateral view, scale bar 0.5 mm; (4) prothorax, dorsal view; (5) synthorax, dorsal view; (6) synthorax, lateral view, the small arrow shows the position of the area magnified in Fig. 7; (7) detail of venter of synthorax, lateral view, showing field of setae, scale bar 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259189/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) metepisternum largely occupied by broad pale band, continued across lower part of mesokatepisternum, broadly separated from interpleural suture for most of length. Metepimeron and most of metakatepimeron pale. Venter pale, with dense field of short, sharp, slightly rearward directed setae on metaposternum (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF94B425FED9F877FE41AFE8" box="[339,407,1997,2022]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 7" captionStartId="1.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,902,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1435,902,1864]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 7. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (3) prothorax, lateral view, scale bar 0.5 mm; (4) prothorax, dorsal view; (5) synthorax, dorsal view; (6) synthorax, lateral view, the small arrow shows the position of the area magnified in Fig. 7; (7) detail of venter of synthorax, lateral view, showing field of setae, scale bar 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259189/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="481">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Legs with coxae entirely pale yellowish, trochanters same with small distal black mark on extensor surface. Femur pale with black extensor surface, black streak on distal ca two-thirds flexor surface on anterior femur, one third on middle femur. Tibia with flexor surfaces dark, otherwise mostly pale. Tarsi dark. Wings with arculus situated slightly distal to Ax2, R4 before Sn, IR3 after Sn. Pterostigma ca rectangular, brown with narrow pale margin, covering just more than one underlying cell. 19 (right)–20 (left) Px in forewing, 17 Px in hindwing.
</paragraph>
<caption id="82F1CBABFF95B424FF1DFC84FBCDAB5A" box="[151,1051,830,853]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259188/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="482" targetBox="[151,1435,378,806]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF95B424FF1DFC84FBCDAB5A" blockId="1.[151,1051,830,853]" box="[151,1051,830,853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="482">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF95B424FF1DFC84FEECAB5A" bold="true" box="[151,314,830,853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="482">FIGURES 1–2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF95B424FECAFC84FE3BAB5B" box="[320,493,830,853]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoitia">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF95B424FECAFC84FE3BAB5B" box="[320,493,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="482">Coeliccia suoitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype head: (1) dorsal view; (2) dorso-frontal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="82F1CBABFF95B424FF1DF8E4FC73AFBC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259189/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="482" targetBox="[151,1434,902,1864]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF95B424FF1DF8E4FC73AFBC" blockId="1.[151,1436,1886,1970]" pageId="1" pageNumber="482">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF95B424FF1DF8E4FEE8AF7A" bold="true" box="[151,318,1886,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="482">FIGURES 3–7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF95B424FEC2F8E4FE2EAF7B" box="[328,504,1886,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoitia">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF95B424FEC2F8E4FE2EAF7B" box="[328,504,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="482">Coeliccia suoitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype: (3) prothorax, lateral view, scale bar 0.5 mm; (4) prothorax, dorsal view; (5) synthorax, dorsal view; (6) synthorax, lateral view, the small arrow shows the position of the area magnified in Fig. 7; (7) detail of venter of synthorax, lateral view, showing field of setae, scale bar 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF96B427FF1DFD38FEECAA96" bold="true" box="[151,314,642,665]" pageId="2" pageNumber="483">FIGURES 8–9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF96B427FECAFD39FE3AAA97" box="[320,492,643,665]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoitia">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF96B427FECAFD39FE3AAA97" box="[320,492,643,665]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="483">Coeliccia suoitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype genital ligula: (8) ventral view, scale bar 0.2 mm; (9) lateral view terminal segment, scale bar 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF96B427FF1DF9C8FE85AE86" bold="true" box="[151,339,1650,1673]" pageId="2" pageNumber="483">FIGURES 10–13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF96B427FED3F9C9FDD3AE87" box="[345,517,1651,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoitia">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF96B427FED3F9C9FDD3AE87" box="[345,517,1651,1673]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="483">Coeliccia suoitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype: (10) terminal abdominal segments, dorsal view; (11) left paraproct, ventral view, scale bar 1 mm; (12) anal appendages dorsal view, scale bar 1 mm; (13) anal appendages, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF96B426FF4DF975FC80A8DA" blockId="2.[151,1437,1743,2020]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="484" pageId="2" pageNumber="483">
Abdomen: S1–8 dark brown to black above, mostly pale cream laterally. Pale colour extended as narrow basal annulus, dorsally interrupted, on S3, S4–6 with brown area basally, small pale dorsolateral spot above this. S7 black above, pale lower laterally, S8 black with only lower part of side pale, S9 black except for irregular lateral apical spot, S10 pale except narrow black area dorsally (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF96B427FC97F881FCA4AF5A" box="[797,882,1851,1876]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 13" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[152,1396,746,1616]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,746,1630]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 13. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (10) terminal abdominal segments, dorsal view; (11) left paraproct, ventral view, scale bar 1 mm; (12) anal appendages dorsal view, scale bar 1 mm; (13) anal appendages, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259191/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="483">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Prominent epiproct visible in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF96B427FAE5F881FF60AF79" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 13" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[152,1396,746,1616]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,746,1630]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 13. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (10) terminal abdominal segments, dorsal view; (11) left paraproct, ventral view, scale bar 1 mm; (12) anal appendages dorsal view, scale bar 1 mm; (13) anal appendages, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259191/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="483">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Superior anal appendages mostly whitish, in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF96B427FCE4F8E5FC17AF79" box="[878,961,1887,1912]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 13" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[152,1396,746,1616]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,746,1630]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 13. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (10) terminal abdominal segments, dorsal view; (11) left paraproct, ventral view, scale bar 1 mm; (12) anal appendages dorsal view, scale bar 1 mm; (13) anal appendages, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259191/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="483">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
) expanded ventrally soon after base as a ridge bearing a black tooth soon after origin, apically extended very strongly downwards, tip hidden between paraprocts. In dorsal view cerci relatively simple (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF96B427FD53F81DFCF8AFB1" box="[729,814,1959,1984]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 13" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[152,1396,746,1616]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,746,1630]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 13. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (10) terminal abdominal segments, dorsal view; (11) left paraproct, ventral view, scale bar 1 mm; (12) anal appendages dorsal view, scale bar 1 mm; (13) anal appendages, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259191/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="483">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
), along outer margins gradually running towards each other, with an inner dorsal ridge along apical ca two-thirds, inner margin below ridge expanded before turning towards apices. Paraprocts longer than cerci (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF97B426FD29FF2DFD2EA8BE" box="[675,760,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 13" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[152,1396,746,1616]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,746,1630]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 13. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (10) terminal abdominal segments, dorsal view; (11) left paraproct, ventral view, scale bar 1 mm; (12) anal appendages dorsal view, scale bar 1 mm; (13) anal appendages, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
), of simple form, tapering from base to a rounded apex in lateral view, hooked inwards apically in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF97B426FD7DFF06FC9FA8DA" box="[759,841,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 13" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[152,1396,746,1616]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,746,1630]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 13. Coeliccia suoitia holotype: (10) terminal abdominal segments, dorsal view; (11) left paraproct, ventral view, scale bar 1 mm; (12) anal appendages dorsal view, scale bar 1 mm; (13) anal appendages, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="82F1CBABFF97B426FF1DFBF0FD7FAC6E" box="[151,681,1098,1120]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259192/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" targetBox="[151,1434,265,1076]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF97B426FF1DFBF0FD7FAC6E" blockId="3.[151,681,1098,1120]" box="[151,681,1098,1120]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FF1DFBF0FEC9AC51" bold="true" box="[151,287,1098,1120]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF97B426FE1CFBF0FD94AC6E" box="[406,578,1098,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoitia">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FE1CFBF0FD94AC6E" box="[406,578,1098,1120]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Coeliccia suoitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF97B426FF45FB36FE30ACE2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1164,1801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">
Genital ligula (
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF97B426FEF0FB36FE30ACAB" box="[378,486,1164,1189]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 9" captionStartId="2.[151,264,642,665]" captionTargetBox="[164,1353,257,609]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1437,193,622]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 9. Coeliccia suoitia holotype genital ligula: (8) ventral view, scale bar 0.2 mm; (9) lateral view terminal segment, scale bar 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259190/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Figs. 8, 9</figureCitation>
) with terminal segment abruptly contracted at ca half length, divided into two arms apically, lying on either side of shaft, these sharp at apex in lateral view, apex of segment between the arms smoothly and gently concave.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF97B426FF4DFB42FA95AD1F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1164,1801]" box="[199,1347,1272,1297]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FF4DFB42FEA0AD1F" bold="true" box="[199,374,1272,1297]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Measurements</emphasis>
(mm): Hw 26.5, abdomen without anal appendages 41, superior anal appendages ca 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF97B426FF4DFAA6FE74AD3B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1164,1801]" box="[199,418,1308,1333]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FF4DFAA6FEF3AD3B" bold="true" box="[199,293,1308,1333]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF97B426FF4DFAFAFE59ADE7" blockId="3.[151,1436,1164,1801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FF4DFAFAFDC9AD57" bold="true" box="[199,543,1344,1369]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">
Variation in
<typeStatus id="09352581FF97B426FEEAFAFAFE1AAD57" box="[352,460,1344,1369]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
males.
</emphasis>
One
<typeStatus id="09352581FF97B426FDD5FAFBFD16AD57" box="[607,704,1345,1369]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
is teneral and has more extensive yellow markings on the head, where an irregular yellow band runs from eye to eye, and on the prothorax where the yellow on the horns extends well to their rear and below to join the pale colour on the propleuron. In this specimen the horns are less conical and more nipple-like; it is also smaller. The other male differs only in having the yellow on the horns extend slightly further below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF97B426FF4DFA4EFF34AE3E" blockId="3.[151,1436,1164,1801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FF4DFA4EFEA0AE03" bold="true" box="[199,374,1524,1549]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Measurements</emphasis>
(mm): Abdomen without anal appendages 39.5–42; Hw 26.5–28.5; 16–18 Px in Fw, 15–16 Px in Hw.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94C8A8FF97B426FF4DF986FEA8AE93" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF97B426FF4DF986FEA8AE93" blockId="3.[151,1436,1164,1801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FF4DF986FE97AE5B" bold="true" box="[199,321,1596,1621]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Easily separated from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF97B426FCABF987FC5BAE5B" box="[801,909,1597,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FCABF987FC5BAE5B" box="[801,909,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Coeliccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known from mainland Asia by the short horns on the middle pronotal lobe and the form of the cerci, lacking a basal interior tooth and strongly expanded downwards apically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94C8A8FF97B426FF4DF912FABBAF07" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D6319B23FF97B426FF4DF912FABBAF07" blockId="3.[151,1436,1164,1801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FF4DF912FEE2AECF" bold="true" box="[199,308,1704,1729]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Remarks</emphasis>
. The habitus of the
<typeStatus id="09352581FF97B426FDA8F912FD52AECF" box="[546,644,1704,1729]" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF97B426FD25F913FCC9AECE" box="[687,799,1705,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoitia">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FD25F913FCC9AECE" box="[687,799,1705,1728]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">C. suoitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is shown in
<figureCitation id="4EB587A6FF97B426FC33F912FBD8AECF" box="[953,1038,1704,1729]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1098,1120]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,265,1076]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,265,1077]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 14. Habitus of Coeliccia suoitia holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259192/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
. The male of
<taxonomicName id="118EE0A0FF97B426FB39F913FAF4AECE" box="[1203,1314,1705,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Coeliccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suoitia">
<emphasis id="E4FA4731FF97B426FB39F913FAF4AECE" box="[1203,1314,1705,1728]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="484">C. suoitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cannot be confused with any other species known from mainland Asia because of the structures on the middle pronotal lobe of the male. Although the female is not known, it would be surprising if it were not at least equally distinctive.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:identifier id="E7A72842E2281F4376589AA64F87000A" type="Zenodo-Dep">7017003</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5E272C7FFF85FFD71AE2FCCF7137F888" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017013" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199723522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7017013" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E272C7FFF85FFD71AE2FCCF7137F888" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E272C7FFF85FFD71AE2FCCF7137F888" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FF85FFD71AE2FCCF768FFC6F" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FF85FFD71AE2FCCF768FFC6F" blockId="33.[192,714,863,918]" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
<heading id="8D792A05FF85FFD71AE2FCCF768FFC6F" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" reason="2">
COMPARISONS BETWEEN
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71BCEFCF07527FC6F" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71BCEFCF07527FC6F" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">METRIORHYNCHUS BREVIROSTRIS</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
AND OTHER METRIORHYNCHIDS
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FF85FFD71AB8FC3675EAF9B9" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FF85FFD71AB8FC3675EAF9B9" blockId="33.[145,762,934,1907]" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
While the
<typeStatus id="093523CBFF85FFD71B3AFC36753FFC45" box="[275,378,934,956]" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71B8DFC3676BCFC42" box="[420,761,934,955]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71B8DFC3676BCFC42" box="[420,761,934,955]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Metriorhynchus brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MHNG
<date id="A230BBA9FF85FFD71AD2FC557515FC22" box="[251,336,965,987]" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" value="2232-05">V-2232</date>
) lacks autapomorphic characters, it is readily distinguishable from better-known metriorhynchid species. It has a unique combination of metriorhynchid symplesiomorphies and a slightly posteriorly retracted narial fossa (see:
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD7184DFBD0749DFB8D" author="Young" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="494 - 520" refId="ref37488" refString="Young MT, Sachs S, Abel P, Foffa D, Herrera Y, Kitson JJN. 2020 a. Convergent evolution and possible constraint in the posterodorsal retractions of the external nares in pelagic crocodylomorphs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 494 - 520." type="journal article" year="2020" yearSuffix="a">
Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD7189FFBD076B7FBAC" box="[694,754,1088,1109]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020a
</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore, it lacks the autapomorphies seen in the rostra of the Late Jurassic genera
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71AB8FB0C7559FB48" authorityName=", Hulke" authorityYear="1869" box="[145,284,1180,1201]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Dakosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71AB8FB0C7559FB48" box="[145,284,1180,1201]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Dakosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71B00FB0C75F9FB48" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1884" box="[297,444,1180,1201]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Plesiosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71B00FB0C75F9FB48" box="[297,444,1180,1201]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Plesiosuchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71BE3FB0C761BFB48" box="[458,606,1180,1201]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Torvoneustes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71BE3FB0C761BFB48" box="[458,606,1180,1201]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Torvoneustes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the ‘E-clade’ taxa,
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71AE7FB2B7512FB29" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1858" box="[206,343,1211,1232]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Cricosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71AE7FB2B7512FB29" box="[206,343,1211,1232]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Cricosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71BA7FB2A7679FB36" box="[398,572,1210,1231]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Rhacheosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71BA7FB2A7679FB36" box="[398,572,1210,1231]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Rhacheosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see:
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD7185EFB2B748DFB17" author="Young" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="44985" refId="ref37244" refString="Young MT, Brusatte SL, Andrade MB, Desojo JB, Beatty BL, Steel L, Fernandez MS, Sakamoto M, Ruiz- Omenaca JI, Schoch RR. 2012. The cranial osteology and feeding ecology of the metriorhynchid crocodylomorph genera Dakosaurus and Plesiosuchus from the Late Jurassic of Europe. PLoS One 7: e 44985." type="journal article" year="2012">
Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD718EAFB2B76B7FB36" box="[707,754,1210,1232]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71AFBFB497552FB17" author="Young MT &amp; Sachs S &amp; Abel P &amp; Foffa D &amp; Herrera Y &amp; Kitson JJN" box="[210,279,1241,1262]" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="494 - 520" refId="ref37488" refString="Young MT, Sachs S, Abel P, Foffa D, Herrera Y, Kitson JJN. 2020 a. Convergent evolution and possible constraint in the posterodorsal retractions of the external nares in pelagic crocodylomorphs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 494 - 520." type="journal article" year="2020">2020a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71B08FB497595FB17" author="Abel" box="[289,464,1241,1263]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Abel" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" refId="ref31725" refString="Abel P, Sachs S, Young MT. 2020. Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs from the lower Kimmeridgian of southern Germany: evidence for a new large-bodied geosaurin lineage in Europe. Alcheringa. Doi: 10.1080 / 03115518.2019.1701079." type="book" year="2020">
Abel
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71B70FB4A75CAFB17" box="[345,399,1241,1263]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020
</bibRefCitation>
). These include the rostral shortening and resultant reduction in tooth count seen in Geosaurini, the amblygnathous rostrum and lateral plates seen in
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71B63FAA57599FAB3" authorityName=", Hulke" authorityYear="1869" box="[330,476,1333,1354]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Dakosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71B63FAA57599FAB3" box="[330,476,1333,1354]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Dakosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the robust triangular rostrum and elongated palatines of
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71807FAC47685FA90" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1884" box="[558,704,1364,1385]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Plesiosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71807FAC47685FA90" box="[558,704,1364,1385]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Plesiosuchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the mediolaterally expanded maxillary alveoli seen in the ‘E-clade’ (see:
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71BBBFA0176DAFA5F" author="Wilkinson" box="[402,671,1425,1447]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wilkinson" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="1307 - 1333" refId="ref36933" refString="Wilkinson LE, Young MT, Benton MJ. 2008. A new metriorhynchid crocodilian (Mesoeucrocodylia: Thalattosuchia) from the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of Wiltshire, UK. Palaeontology 51: 1307 - 1333." type="journal article" year="2008">
Wilkinson
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD7183FFA027611FA5F" box="[534,596,1425,1447]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
, 2008
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71886FA027553FA3C" author="Young" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="44985" refId="ref37244" refString="Young MT, Brusatte SL, Andrade MB, Desojo JB, Beatty BL, Steel L, Fernandez MS, Sakamoto M, Ruiz- Omenaca JI, Schoch RR. 2012. The cranial osteology and feeding ecology of the metriorhynchid crocodylomorph genera Dakosaurus and Plesiosuchus from the Late Jurassic of Europe. PLoS One 7: e 44985." type="journal article" year="2012">
Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71AB8FA207480FA3C" box="[145,197,1456,1477]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71B0CFA207529FA3C" author="Young MT &amp; Sachs S &amp; Abel P &amp; Foffa D &amp; Herrera Y &amp; Kitson JJN" box="[293,364,1456,1477]" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="494 - 520" refId="ref37488" refString="Young MT, Sachs S, Abel P, Foffa D, Herrera Y, Kitson JJN. 2020 a. Convergent evolution and possible constraint in the posterodorsal retractions of the external nares in pelagic crocodylomorphs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 494 - 520." type="journal article" year="2020">2020a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71B55FA207605FA3C" author="Abel" box="[380,576,1456,1478]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Abel" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" refId="ref31725" refString="Abel P, Sachs S, Young MT. 2020. Metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs from the lower Kimmeridgian of southern Germany: evidence for a new large-bodied geosaurin lineage in Europe. Alcheringa. Doi: 10.1080 / 03115518.2019.1701079." type="book" year="2020">
Abel
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71B92FA2075B2FA3C" box="[443,503,1456,1477]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020
</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore,
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71AB8FA5F7501FA1A" box="[145,324,1486,1508]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71AE9FA5E7501FA1A" box="[192,324,1486,1507]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
lacks the ossified internarial bar and more noticeable narial fossa retraction seen in the rhacheosaurin genera
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71BA4F99C7653F9D8" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1858" box="[397,534,1548,1569]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Cricosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71BA4F99C7653F9D8" box="[397,534,1548,1569]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Cricosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71862F99C76BCF9D8" box="[587,761,1548,1569]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Rhacheosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71862F99C76BCF9D8" box="[587,761,1548,1569]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Rhacheosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see:
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71AE0F9BB75E5F9B9" author="Young" box="[201,416,1578,1600]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="494 - 520" refId="ref37488" refString="Young MT, Sachs S, Abel P, Foffa D, Herrera Y, Kitson JJN. 2020 a. Convergent evolution and possible constraint in the posterodorsal retractions of the external nares in pelagic crocodylomorphs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 494 - 520." type="journal article" year="2020" yearSuffix="a">
Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71B3FF9BB750BF9C6" box="[278,334,1578,1600]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020a
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FF85FFD71A80F9D97137F888" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FF85FFD71A80F9D97036FD1D" blockId="33.[145,762,934,1907]" lastBlockId="33.[809,1426,197,1905]" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71A80F9D975B2F9A7" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[169,503,1609,1630]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71A80F9D975B2F9A7" box="[169,503,1609,1630]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Metriorhynchus brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all known Middle Jurassic metriorhynchids in that the narial fossa anterior margin is slightly retracted, being level to the P2 alveoli rather than the P1 alveoli (see:
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71B56F9547620F920" author="Young" box="[383,613,1732,1753]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="494 - 520" refId="ref37488" refString="Young MT, Sachs S, Abel P, Foffa D, Herrera Y, Kitson JJN. 2020 a. Convergent evolution and possible constraint in the posterodorsal retractions of the external nares in pelagic crocodylomorphs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 494 - 520." type="journal article" year="2020" yearSuffix="a">
Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71BFBF954764BF920" box="[466,526,1732,1753]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020a
</bibRefCitation>
). Compared to the Callovian geosaurines, the presence of at least 13 maxillary alveoli anterior to the palatines is higher than the dental formulae of ‘
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71813F8B076B6F8CC" box="[570,755,1824,1845]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Metriorhynchus</emphasis>
’
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71AB8F8AE750AF8AA" box="[145,335,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">brachyrhynchus</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71BA7F8AF76BCF8AA" baseAuthorityName="Foffa &amp; Young" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[398,761,1854,1876]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Tyrannoneustes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lythrodectikos">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71BA7F8AF76BCF8AA" box="[398,761,1854,1876]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="9B0CA8D2FF85FFD71AB0F8CD74ABF88A" box="[153,238,1885,1907]" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="29.[145,209,196,217]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Table 6. Dental formulae of metriorhynchid species from the Callovian of Europe" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/82F1CDE1FFB9FFEB1AB8FF5477AFFF23" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" tableUuid="82F1CDE1FFB9FFEB1AB8FF5477AFFF23">Table 6</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71AD2F8CD7579F88B" box="[251,316,1885,1907]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="34.[162,240,986,1008]" captionTargetBox="[172,1443,198,945]" captionTargetId="figure-380@34.[163,1443,195,947]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 7. Comparative plate of metriorhynchid anterior cranial rostra. A, B, Metriorhynchus brevirostris, holotype MHNG V-2232 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; C, D, Thalattosuchus superciliosus, referred specimen PETMG R17 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; E, F, ‘Metriorhynchus’ brachyrhynchus, referred specimen NHMUK PV R 3804 (holotype of ‘Metriorhynchus’ cultridens) in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; G, H, ‘Metriorhynchus’ palpebrosus, holotype OUMNH J.29823 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; I, J, Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos, referred specimen PETMG R176 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; K, L, Plesiosuchus manselii, holotype NHMUK PV OR 40103 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively. See text for anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar = 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017037/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Moreover, the nasal terminates level to the M8 alveoli in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71E21FF5670FDFF23" box="[1032,1208,197,219]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71E1FFF5570FDFF23" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[1078,1208,197,218]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, whereas the nasal terminates level to the M
<quantity id="1176308CFF85FFD71E76FF7470C8FF03" box="[1119,1165,228,250]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
‘
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71EB3FF747081FF00" box="[1178,1220,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Me.</emphasis>
’
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71EFBFF7471D5FF00" box="[1234,1424,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">brachyrhynchus</emphasis>
(NHMUK PV R 3804) and
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71E75FE937166FEEE" baseAuthorityName="Foffa &amp; Young" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[1116,1315,258,280]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Tyrannoneustes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lythrodectikos">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71E75FE937166FEEE" box="[1116,1315,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Ty. lythrodectikos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PETMG R176) (see
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71993FEB17046FECF" box="[954,1027,289,311]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="34.[162,240,986,1008]" captionTargetBox="[172,1443,198,945]" captionTargetId="figure-380@34.[163,1443,195,947]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 7. Comparative plate of metriorhynchid anterior cranial rostra. A, B, Metriorhynchus brevirostris, holotype MHNG V-2232 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; C, D, Thalattosuchus superciliosus, referred specimen PETMG R17 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; E, F, ‘Metriorhynchus’ brachyrhynchus, referred specimen NHMUK PV R 3804 (holotype of ‘Metriorhynchus’ cultridens) in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; G, H, ‘Metriorhynchus’ palpebrosus, holotype OUMNH J.29823 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; I, J, Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos, referred specimen PETMG R176 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; K, L, Plesiosuchus manselii, holotype NHMUK PV OR 40103 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively. See text for anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar = 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017037/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). The fact that the premaxilla posterodorsal processes terminate level to the M3 alveoli in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD719B6FECF7012FE8A" box="[927,1111,350,372]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD719F9FECE7012FE8A" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[976,1111,350,371]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
also differentiates it from
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71900FEEE77BCFE6B" baseAuthorityName="Foffa &amp; Young" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[809,1017,381,403]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Tyrannoneustes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lythrodectikos">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71900FEEE77BCFE6B" box="[809,1017,381,403]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Ty. lythrodectikos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where these processes terminate level to the M5 alveoli (PETMG R176, see
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71F22FE0C710EFE48" box="[1291,1355,412,434]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="34.[162,240,986,1008]" captionTargetBox="[172,1443,198,945]" captionTargetId="figure-380@34.[163,1443,195,947]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 7. Comparative plate of metriorhynchid anterior cranial rostra. A, B, Metriorhynchus brevirostris, holotype MHNG V-2232 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; C, D, Thalattosuchus superciliosus, referred specimen PETMG R17 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; E, F, ‘Metriorhynchus’ brachyrhynchus, referred specimen NHMUK PV R 3804 (holotype of ‘Metriorhynchus’ cultridens) in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; G, H, ‘Metriorhynchus’ palpebrosus, holotype OUMNH J.29823 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; I, J, Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos, referred specimen PETMG R176 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; K, L, Plesiosuchus manselii, holotype NHMUK PV OR 40103 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively. See text for anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar = 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017037/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71F7EFE0C7794FE36" author="Foffa &amp; Young" firstAuthor="Foffa" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="608" refId="ref33398" refString="Foffa D, Young MT. 2014. The cranial osteology of Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos (Crocodylomorpha: Metriorhynchidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Europe. PeerJ 2: e 608." type="journal article" year="2014">Foffa &amp; Young, 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD719CEFE2A716EFE36" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[999,1323,442,463]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD719CEFE2A716EFE36" box="[999,1323,442,463]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Metriorhynchus brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can also be distinguished from the Callovian metriorhynchine
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71900FE6870C4FDF4" authority="(Parrilla-Bel et al., 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Parrilla-Bel" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[809,1153,504,525]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Maledictosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="riclaensis">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71900FE6870C4FDF4" box="[809,1153,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Maledictosuchus riclaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it lacks the welldeveloped reception pits on the lateral margins of the anterior maxilla seen in
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71E62FDA577EEFD90" authority="(Parrilla-Bel et al., 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Parrilla-Bel" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Maledictosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="riclaensis">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71E62FDA570B3FDB3" box="[1099,1270,565,586]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Mal. riclaensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71F2EFDA577E5FD90" author="Parrilla-Bel" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Parrilla-Bel" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" pagination="54275" refId="ref35759" refString="Parrilla-Bel J, Young MT, Moreno-Azanza M, Canudo JI. 2013. The first metriorhynchid crocodyliform from the Middle Jurassic of Spain, with implications for evolution of the subclade Rhacheosaurini. PLoS One 8: e 54275." type="journal article" year="2013">
Parrilla-Bel
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71900FDC4771BFD90" box="[809,862,596,617]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
, 2013
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD7199BFDC470A9FD90" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[946,1260,596,617]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD7199BFDC470A9FD90" box="[946,1260,596,617]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Metriorhynchus brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also distinct from
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD7194DFDE27008FD7E" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[868,1101,626,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Gracilineustes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leedsi">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD7194DFDE27008FD7E" box="[868,1101,626,647]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Gracilineustes leedsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it lacks: the exceptionally high tooth count, closely packed alveoli and the poorly developed-to-almost absent maxillary ornamentation of
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD7196DFD5F702BFD1D" authority="(Andrews, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Andrews" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[836,1134,718,740]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Gracilineustes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leedsi">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD7196DFD5F77E9FD1A" box="[836,940,718,740]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Gr. leedsi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71992FD5E7021FD1A" author="Andrews" box="[955,1124,718,740]" firstAuthor="Andrews" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" refId="ref31961" refString="Andrews CW. 1913. A descriptive catalogue of the marine reptiles of the Oxford Clay, Part Two. London: British Museum (Natural History)." type="book" year="1913">Andrews, 1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FF85FFD71968FD7D7137F888" blockId="33.[809,1426,197,1905]" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
There are notable differences between
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71900FC9C7039FCD8" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[809,1148,780,801]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71900FC9C7039FCD8" box="[809,1148,780,801]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Metriorhynchus brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71E95FC9C71CFFCD8" box="[1212,1418,780,801]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Th.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71EC4FC9C71CFFCD8" authorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1261,1418,780,801]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">superciliosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. Although the rostrum of
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71EAAFCBB7113FCB9" box="[1155,1366,810,832]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71E94FCBA7113FCB9" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[1213,1366,810,832]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
has encrustations, the maxillary ornamentation is noticeably not as pronounced as it is in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71EFCFCF771D4FC85" box="[1237,1425,871,892]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Th.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71ED7FCF771D4FC85" authorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1278,1425,871,892]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">superciliosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(compare
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD719B1FC1677A8FC65" box="[920,1005,902,924]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD719D4FC16704FFC65" box="[1021,1034,902,924]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="31.[145,225,1298,1320]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1259]" captionTargetId="figure-254@31.[145,1425,195,1259]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 6. Thalattosuchus superciliosus lectotype MNHN.F RJN 256. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view; C, left lateral view. Scale bar = 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017034/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">6</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71E6AFC167027FC62" box="[1091,1122,902,923]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="34.[162,240,986,1008]" captionTargetBox="[172,1443,198,945]" captionTargetId="figure-380@34.[163,1443,195,947]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 7. Comparative plate of metriorhynchid anterior cranial rostra. A, B, Metriorhynchus brevirostris, holotype MHNG V-2232 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; C, D, Thalattosuchus superciliosus, referred specimen PETMG R17 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; E, F, ‘Metriorhynchus’ brachyrhynchus, referred specimen NHMUK PV R 3804 (holotype of ‘Metriorhynchus’ cultridens) in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; G, H, ‘Metriorhynchus’ palpebrosus, holotype OUMNH J.29823 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; I, J, Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos, referred specimen PETMG R176 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; K, L, Plesiosuchus manselii, holotype NHMUK PV OR 40103 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively. See text for anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar = 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017037/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">7C</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FF85FFD71E47FC167153FC62" author="Andrews" box="[1134,1302,902,924]" firstAuthor="Andrews" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" refId="ref31961" refString="Andrews CW. 1913. A descriptive catalogue of the marine reptiles of the Oxford Clay, Part Two. London: British Museum (Natural History)." type="book" year="1913">Andrews, 1913</bibRefCitation>
). In dorsal view, there is a constriction at the premaxilla–maxilla contact in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71981FC547024FC21" box="[936,1121,963,985]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD719F0FC537024FC21" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[985,1121,963,984]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, followed by a noticeable broadening of the premaxilla at approximately the level of the narial fossa posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71F2FFB917113FBEF" box="[1286,1366,1025,1047]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
);
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71F42FB9177F9FBCD" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Th.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71900FB8F77F9FBCD" authorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[809,956,1055,1076]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">superciliosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
lacks both of features, with the posterior premaxilla and anterior maxilla having a largely constant width (PETMG R17 and MNHN.F RJN 256; see
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD7197EFBEB77DAFB68" box="[855,927,1147,1169]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="31.[145,225,1298,1320]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1259]" captionTargetId="figure-254@31.[145,1425,195,1259]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 6. Thalattosuchus superciliosus lectotype MNHN.F RJN 256. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view; C, left lateral view. Scale bar = 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017034/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71987FBEC778BFB68" box="[942,974,1148,1169]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="34.[162,240,986,1008]" captionTargetBox="[172,1443,198,945]" captionTargetId="figure-380@34.[163,1443,195,947]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 7. Comparative plate of metriorhynchid anterior cranial rostra. A, B, Metriorhynchus brevirostris, holotype MHNG V-2232 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; C, D, Thalattosuchus superciliosus, referred specimen PETMG R17 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; E, F, ‘Metriorhynchus’ brachyrhynchus, referred specimen NHMUK PV R 3804 (holotype of ‘Metriorhynchus’ cultridens) in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; G, H, ‘Metriorhynchus’ palpebrosus, holotype OUMNH J.29823 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; I, J, Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos, referred specimen PETMG R176 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; K, L, Plesiosuchus manselii, holotype NHMUK PV OR 40103 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively. See text for anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar = 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017037/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">7C</figureCitation>
). In
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71E21FBEC7085FB69" box="[1032,1216,1147,1169]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71E10FBEB7085FB69" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[1081,1216,1147,1168]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
the premaxillary alveoli successively increase in size, with the P1 alveoli being circular in shape and the P3 alveoli being the most oval of the premaxillary tooth-row (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71EEEFB47715FFB14" box="[1223,1306,1239,1261]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
); whereas in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71965FB667064FAF2" box="[844,1057,1270,1291]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Th.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71956FB667064FAF2" authorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[895,1057,1270,1291]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">superciliosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
the premaxillary alveoli are largely comparable in size, with the P1 and P3 alveoli being oval in shape, and the P2 being the most circular (PETMG R17 and MNHN.F RJN 256; see
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71F26FAC27110FA91" box="[1295,1365,1362,1384]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="31.[145,225,1298,1320]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1259]" captionTargetId="figure-254@31.[145,1425,195,1259]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 6. Thalattosuchus superciliosus lectotype MNHN.F RJN 256. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view; C, left lateral view. Scale bar = 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017034/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71F4AFAC271C6FA9E" box="[1379,1411,1362,1383]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="34.[162,240,986,1008]" captionTargetBox="[172,1443,198,945]" captionTargetId="figure-380@34.[163,1443,195,947]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 7. Comparative plate of metriorhynchid anterior cranial rostra. A, B, Metriorhynchus brevirostris, holotype MHNG V-2232 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; C, D, Thalattosuchus superciliosus, referred specimen PETMG R17 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; E, F, ‘Metriorhynchus’ brachyrhynchus, referred specimen NHMUK PV R 3804 (holotype of ‘Metriorhynchus’ cultridens) in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; G, H, ‘Metriorhynchus’ palpebrosus, holotype OUMNH J.29823 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; I, J, Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos, referred specimen PETMG R176 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; K, L, Plesiosuchus manselii, holotype NHMUK PV OR 40103 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively. See text for anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar = 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017037/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">7C</figureCitation>
). The anterior maxillary alveoli of
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71E8DFAE17120FA7F" box="[1188,1381,1393,1414]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Th.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71EF8FAE17120FA7F" authorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1233,1381,1393,1414]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">superciliosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
are fairly tightly packed, with the interalveolar spaces reduced to thin laminae (especially for the M2–M3 alveoli; PETMG R17 and MNHN.F RJN 256); whereas in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71961FA7C77B9F9F9" box="[840,1020,1515,1537]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD7195EFA7B77B9F9F9" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[887,1020,1515,1536]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
the interalveolar spaces are much broader, even between the M1–M2 and M2–M3 alveoli (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD7191BF9B97730F9C7" box="[818,885,1577,1599]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). In
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71999F9B9702CF9C7" box="[944,1129,1577,1598]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD719C8F9B9702CF9C7" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[993,1129,1577,1598]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, the premaxilla–maxilla suture is almost straight in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71F00F9D771C4F9A4" box="[1321,1409,1607,1629]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
), whereas in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD7199EF9F670C6F982" box="[951,1155,1638,1659]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Th.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD719CEF9F670C6F982" authorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[999,1155,1638,1659]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">superciliosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
it has a more ‘jagged’ interdigitating profile (PETMG R17 and MNHN.F RJN 256; see
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD719E0F9337055F940" box="[969,1040,1699,1721]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="31.[145,225,1298,1320]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1259]" captionTargetId="figure-254@31.[145,1425,195,1259]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 6. Thalattosuchus superciliosus lectotype MNHN.F RJN 256. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view; C, left lateral view. Scale bar = 10 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017034/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71E34F9347078F940" box="[1053,1085,1700,1721]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="34.[162,240,986,1008]" captionTargetBox="[172,1443,198,945]" captionTargetId="figure-380@34.[163,1443,195,947]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 7. Comparative plate of metriorhynchid anterior cranial rostra. A, B, Metriorhynchus brevirostris, holotype MHNG V-2232 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; C, D, Thalattosuchus superciliosus, referred specimen PETMG R17 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; E, F, ‘Metriorhynchus’ brachyrhynchus, referred specimen NHMUK PV R 3804 (holotype of ‘Metriorhynchus’ cultridens) in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; G, H, ‘Metriorhynchus’ palpebrosus, holotype OUMNH J.29823 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; I, J, Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos, referred specimen PETMG R176 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively; K, L, Plesiosuchus manselii, holotype NHMUK PV OR 40103 in dorsal and palatal views, respectively. See text for anatomical abbreviations. Scale bar = 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017037/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">7C</figureCitation>
). The nasal proceeds slightly further anteriorly in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71E1FF95370BDF92E" box="[1078,1272,1730,1752]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71E43F95270BDF92E" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[1130,1272,1730,1751]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
than in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71F40F95277F8F90F" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Th.
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</emphasis>
, with seven maxillary alveoli anterior to the nasals in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD719EEF8907039F8ED" box="[967,1148,1791,1813]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD719DEF96F7039F8ED" baseAuthorityName="Holl" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[1015,1148,1791,1812]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">brevirostris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFF85FFD71EA5F96F7088F8ED" box="[1164,1229,1791,1813]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); whereas in
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFF85FFD71F42F96F7784F8CA" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="543">
Th.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFF85FFD71900F88E7784F8CA" authorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[809,961,1822,1843]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">superciliosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
there can be eight (MNHN.F RJN 256, NHMUK PV R 2051), nine (GLAHM V930, NHMUK PV R 2030, PETMG R17) or 10–11 (GLAHM V962).
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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(
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(
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB1FFE31E00FC8570D5FCD7" box="[1065,1168,789,814]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStartId-0="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionStartId-1="24.[163,244,1465,1487]" captionStartId-2="25.[145,223,965,987]" captionTargetBox-0="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1443,198,1424]" captionTargetBox-2="[304,1264,199,922]" captionTargetId-0="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetId-1="figure-204@24.[163,1443,195,1425]" captionTargetId-2="figure-488@25.[301,1267,195,925]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-1="24" captionTargetPageId-2="25" captionText-0="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." captionText-1="Figure 2. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." captionText-2="Figure 3. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, anterior view; B, posterior view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017019" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017024" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7017019/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7017024/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">FIGS 1–3</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FCDE77B8FC59" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31900FCDE773EFC9A" box="[809,891,846,867]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="1820-05">v 1820</date>
Upper jaw of the fossil crocodile from Havre in the Museum of the Academy of
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– De la Beche, lithograph.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FC3A700EFC27" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31900FC3A773FFC46" box="[809,890,938,959]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="1824-05">v 1824</date>
Tête à museau plus court [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31EBEFC3A7096FC46" box="[1175,1235,938,959]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">partim</emphasis>
] – Cuvier, pp. 152– 153, pl. 10, figs 5–7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FC77710CFC05" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" box="[809,1353,999,1020]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
v* 1829
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– Holl, p. 88.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FB96712AFBE2" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" box="[809,1391,1030,1051]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
v*
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31967FB967067FBE2" box="[846,1058,1030,1051]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
1831
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE319BDFB967067FBE2" authority="Jurinii" authorityName="Jurinii" authorityYear="2021" box="[916,1058,1030,1051]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Gavialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Gavialis Jurinii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC9FC00FFB1FFE31E01FB967035FBE2" box="[1064,1136,1030,1051]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
– Gray, p. 57. [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31F29FB96715CFBE2" box="[1280,1305,1030,1051]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">sic</emphasis>
] [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31F02FB96712CFBE2" box="[1323,1385,1030,1051]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">partim</emphasis>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FBB57067FBA1" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
v*
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31967FBB570C3FBC3" box="[846,1158,1061,1082]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
1832
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE319BDFBB570C3FBC3" authority="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel, 2021" authorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" authorityYear="2021" box="[916,1158,1061,1082]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii" status="gen. et sp. nov.">Metriorhynchus geoffroyii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC9FC00FFB1FFE31EA2FBB57151FBC3" box="[1163,1300,1061,1082]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
– von Meyer, p. 106. [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE319F6FBD37058FBA1" box="[991,1053,1091,1112]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">partim</emphasis>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FBF270E2FB6F" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31900FBF2773EFB8E" box="[809,891,1122,1143]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="1836-05">v 1836</date>
Anterior extremity of the upper jaw of
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31F2FFBF271C4FB8E" authorityName=", Auer" authorityYear="1909" box="[1286,1409,1122,1143]" class="Reptilia" family="Teleosauridae" genus="Steneosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31F2FFBF271C4FB8E" box="[1286,1409,1122,1143]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Steneosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Buckland, p. 36, pl. 25’ fig. 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FB0F7158FB2A" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
v 1837
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE319BDFB0F7160FB4D" authority="(von Meyer)" box="[916,1317,1183,1204]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE319BDFB0F70D3FB4D" box="[916,1174,1183,1204]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Metriorhynchus Geoffroyii</emphasis>
(von Meyer)
</taxonomicName>
– Bronn, p. 520, pl. 26, figs 7b,d, 8a,b. [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31E86FB2E708DFB2A" box="[1199,1224,1214,1235]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">sic</emphasis>
] [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31EF0FB2E7152FB2A" box="[1241,1303,1214,1235]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">partim</emphasis>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FB4D7090FAE9" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31900FB4D773EFB0B" box="[809,891,1245,1266]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="1845-05">v 1845</date>
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE319BDFB4D70CEFB0B" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[916,1163,1245,1266]" class="Reptilia" family="Teleosauridae" genus="Steneosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rostro-minor">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE319BDFB4D70CEFB0B" box="[916,1163,1245,1266]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Steneosaurus rostro-minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[sic] Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire – Pictet, p. 46, pl. 1, fig. 2 [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31EB8FB6B708AFAE9" box="[1169,1231,1275,1296]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">partim</emphasis>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FA8A715CFAB7" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31900FA8A773EFAD6" box="[809,891,1306,1327]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="1853-05">v 1853</date>
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE319BDFA8A70CEFAD6" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[916,1163,1306,1327]" class="Reptilia" family="Teleosauridae" genus="Steneosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rostro-minor">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE319BDFA8A70CEFAD6" box="[916,1163,1306,1327]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Steneosaurus rostro-minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[sic] Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire – Pictet, p. 492–493, pl. 25, fig. 9 [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31EFCFAA97156FAB7" box="[1237,1299,1337,1358]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">partim</emphasis>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FAC7706FFA72" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31900FAC7773EFA95" box="[809,891,1367,1388]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="1973-05">v 1973</date>
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE319BDFAC77144FA95" authority="(von Meyer)" baseAuthorityName="von Meyer" box="[916,1281,1367,1388]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyi">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE319BDFAC770C7FA95" box="[916,1154,1367,1388]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Metriorhynchus geoffroyi</emphasis>
(von Meyer)
</taxonomicName>
– Steel., p. 45, fig. 18 (10). [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31E22FAE67061FA72" box="[1035,1060,1398,1419]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">sic</emphasis>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FA057019FA31" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31900FA05773EFA53" box="[809,891,1429,1450]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="1987-05">
v
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31967FA05773EFA53" box="[846,891,1429,1450]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">1987</emphasis>
</date>
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE319BDFA05715FFA53" authority="(von Meyer)" baseAuthorityName="von Meyer" box="[916,1306,1429,1450]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyi">Metriorhynchus geoffroyi (von Meyer)</taxonomicName>
– Adams- Tresman, p. 193. [
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31E14FA237013FA31" box="[1085,1110,1459,1480]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">sic</emphasis>
]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FA427791F9FF" blockId="21.[809,1426,846,1542]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31900FA42773EFA1E" box="[809,891,1490,1511]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="2010-05">
v
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31967FA42773EFA1E" box="[846,891,1490,1511]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">2010</emphasis>
</date>
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE319BDFA427147FA1E" authority="(von Meyer)" baseAuthorityName="von Meyer" box="[916,1282,1490,1511]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii">Metriorhynchus geoffroyii (von Meyer)</taxonomicName>
– Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31F75FA4271C1FA1E" box="[1372,1412,1490,1511]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">et al</emphasis>
., p. 803.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE31900F98E70CAF8F7" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900F98E712CF9CD" blockId="21.[809,1385,1566,1588]" box="[809,1385,1566,1588]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<materialsCitation id="66E69734FFB1FFE31900F98E712CF9CD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892764304" box="[809,1385,1566,1588]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="France" location="Le Havre" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" specimenCode="MHNG V-2232" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Departement de Seine-Maritime" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31900F98E77D7F9CA" box="[809,914,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB1FFE31900F98E77C8F9CA" box="[809,909,1566,1587]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="B09F05ACFFB1FFE3198CF98F77BDF9CD" box="[933,1016,1567,1588]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
V-2232, partial cranial rostrum.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900F9CE7075F96B" blockId="21.[809,1424,1629,1682]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31900F9CE77B2F98B" box="[809,1015,1629,1651]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
Casts of
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB1FFE319A6F9CD77B4F98B" box="[911,1009,1629,1650]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66E69734FFB1FFE31E2DF9CD70D0F98A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892764303" box="[1028,1173,1629,1651]" collectionCode="MGCL" country="France" location="Le Havre" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" specimenCode="MGCL 9868" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Departement de Seine-Maritime">
<specimenCode id="86283512FFB1FFE31E2DF9CD70D0F98A" box="[1028,1173,1629,1651]" collectionCode="MGCL" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">MGCL 9868</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="66E69734FFB1FFE31E8BF9CE7118F98B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892764305" box="[1186,1373,1629,1651]" country="France" location="Le Havre" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Departement de Seine-Maritime">PIMUZ A/III 82</materialsCitation>
and OUMNH unnumbered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900F92B70CAF8F7" blockId="21.[809,1424,1722,1806]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31900F92B7021F936" box="[809,1124,1722,1744]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Type locality and horizon:</emphasis>
<location id="D351CBB2FFB1FFE31E5BF92B70A1F929" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E272C7FFFB1FFE11967FD777080F8A9:D351CBB2FFB1FFE31E5BF92B70A1F929" box="[1138,1252,1723,1744]" country="France" name="Le Havre" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" stateProvince="Departement de Seine-Maritime">Le Havre</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="144A538BFFB1FFE31EDBF92B7065F916" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Département de Seine-Maritime</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="144A538BFFB1FFE31E1BF949715BF916" box="[1074,1310,1753,1775]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Haute-Normandie</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="AE99DDF9FFB1FFE31F18F94A71CEF916" box="[1329,1419,1754,1775]" name="France" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">France</collectingCountry>
.
<geologicalTimeScale id="A4AE1DC2FFB1FFE31900F96870CEF8F7" box="[809,1163,1784,1806]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Kimmeridgian, Upper Jurassic</geologicalTimeScale>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE01900F8A67611FF03" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="532" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900F8A671D4F892" blockId="21.[809,1426,1846,1899]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31900F8A677E8F8B2" box="[809,941,1846,1867]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Etymology:</emphasis>
From Latin
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31E66F8A670D3F8B2" box="[1103,1174,1846,1867]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">brevis</emphasis>
, short, and
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31F02F8A771CFF8B5" box="[1323,1418,1847,1868]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">rostrum</emphasis>
, snout. The combination with the genus results in ‘the
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE01A8AFF557611FF03" blockId="22.[163,778,197,250]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">short snouted moderate snout’ (or ‘moderate short snout’), which is perhaps unfortunate.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB2FFE01A8AFEB37550FC99" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE01A8AFEB37550FC99" blockId="22.[163,779,290,864]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01A8AFEB37559FEC1" box="[163,284,291,312]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Metriorhynchid crocodylomorph with the following unique combination of characters: premaxilla posterodorsal processes terminate level to the M3 alveoli; the three premaxillary alveoli successively increase in size, with the P1 alveoli being circular in shape and the P3 alveoli being the most oval of the premaxillary tooth-row; premaxilla is transversely broad level to the narial fossa posterior margin; constriction at the premaxilla–maxilla contact; having at least 13 maxillary alveoli anterior to the palatine anterior processes; maxillary alveoli M1–M13 are irregularly shaped ovals, with the post-M3 alveoli becoming more circular in shape; nasal anterior processes terminate level to the M8 alveoli; lacks a fully ossified internarial bar (thus an undivided external naris); the anterior-margin of the narial fossa is posterior to the P1 alveoli and the posterior margin terminates slightly posterior to the premaxillary tooth-row.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB2FFE11A8AFC0C7080F8A9" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="533" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE01A8AFC0C756AFC4A" blockId="22.[163,303,924,947]" box="[163,303,924,947]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01A8AFC0C756AFC4A" box="[163,303,924,947]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE01A8AFC54763DFB36" blockId="22.[163,779,964,1231]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">
The
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB2FFE01AFEFC54757FFC23" box="[215,314,964,986]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB2FFE01B49FC5476E0FC20" box="[352,677,964,985]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01B49FC5476E0FC20" box="[352,677,964,985]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Metriorhynchus brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MHNG
<date id="A230BBA9FFB2FFE01A8AFC7374B0FC01" box="[163,245,995,1016]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" value="2232-05">V-2232</date>
;
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE01B2BFC727522FC01" box="[258,359,994,1016]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStartId-0="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionStartId-1="24.[163,244,1465,1487]" captionStartId-2="25.[145,223,965,987]" captionTargetBox-0="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1443,198,1424]" captionTargetBox-2="[304,1264,199,922]" captionTargetId-0="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetId-1="figure-204@24.[163,1443,195,1425]" captionTargetId-2="figure-488@25.[301,1267,195,925]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-1="24" captionTargetPageId-2="25" captionText-0="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." captionText-1="Figure 2. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." captionText-2="Figure 3. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, anterior view; B, posterior view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017019" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017024" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7017019/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7017024/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
) is the cranial rostrum, preserving the premaxilla, maxilla and the anterior process of the nasals. In palatal view only, the premaxilla and maxilla are preserved, and there are no complete tooth crowns. Overall, the snout is long and narrow, with a slightly concave upper margin (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE01809FBEC762FFB68" box="[544,618,1148,1170]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE01850FBEC76C2FB68" box="[633,647,1148,1169]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="24.[163,244,1465,1487]" captionTargetBox="[165,1443,198,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-204@24.[163,1443,195,1425]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 2. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017019/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">2</figureCitation>
). In dorsal view, widest part of the premaxillae is slightly wider than the anterior portion of the maxillae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE01A8AFB6875A9F965" blockId="22.[163,780,1272,1907]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01A8AFB68765EFAF4" box="[163,539,1272,1293]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Premaxilla and external nares:</emphasis>
In dorsal view, the premaxilla is an anteroposteriorly elongated rhomboid (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE01A85FAA574B4FAB3" box="[172,241,1333,1355]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The premaxillary posterodorsal processes are not particularly elongated for a metriorhynchid, terminating approximately level to the third (M3) maxillary alveoli. The suture between the premaxilla and maxilla is not entirely clear, but it appears to be almost straight (rather than curved or strongly interdigitating), with the posterodorsal processes converging posteriorly. The premaxilla only contacts the maxilla along its posterior margins. In lateral view, the external surfaces are slightly convex (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE01894F9D976B8F9A7" box="[701,765,1609,1631]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="24.[163,244,1465,1487]" captionTargetBox="[165,1443,198,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-204@24.[163,1443,195,1425]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 2. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017019/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). The ornamentation on the external surfaces is hard to discern due to encrustations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE01A92F935710BFEE1" blockId="22.[163,780,1272,1907]" lastBlockId="22.[827,1443,197,710]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">
The external naris aperture is largely circular, undivided and situated within the larger narial fossa (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE01A82F972754FF901" box="[171,266,1762,1784]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStartId-0="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionStartId-1="24.[163,244,1465,1487]" captionStartId-2="25.[145,223,965,987]" captionTargetBox-0="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1443,198,1424]" captionTargetBox-2="[304,1264,199,922]" captionTargetId-0="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetId-1="figure-204@24.[163,1443,195,1425]" captionTargetId-2="figure-488@25.[301,1267,195,925]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-1="24" captionTargetPageId-2="25" captionText-0="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." captionText-1="Figure 2. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." captionText-2="Figure 3. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, anterior view; B, posterior view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017019" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017024" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7017019/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7017024/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
). The shape of the narial fossa is unclear, due to the poor preservation of the anterior margin, but it looks to have been oval-shaped. There is no evidence of an ossified narial bar, but the posterior-end of the bar is preserved, slightly overhanging the external naris. The anterior-margin of the narial fossa is posterior to the P1 alveoli, while the posterior-margin of the narial fossa is slightly posterior to the premaxillary tooth-row.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE0197AFEB171D5FD3F" blockId="22.[827,1443,197,710]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">
In palatal view, three widely spaced alveoli can be seen (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE019A9FED07796FEAC" box="[896,979,320,342]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
). The first alveoli (P1) are the smallest and are circular in shape. The P2 alveoli are larger and more oval in shape, while the P3 alveoli are the largest in the premaxilla and are oval in shape. The premaxilla–maxilla contact is an anteriorly directed ‘V’-shape created by the maxilla palatal anterior process overlapping the premaxilla. The maxillary palatal process terminates level to the anterior margin of the P3 alveoli. It appears as though the incisive foramen is positioned medial to the P2 alveoli but, given the preservation of the rostrum, this is not entirely clear. The palatal processes of the premaxilla form the anterior margin of the M1 alveolar margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE01912FD7E70BFFB17" blockId="22.[827,1444,750,1815]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01912FD7E77E1FCFA" box="[827,932,750,771]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Maxilla:</emphasis>
Approximately the anterior half of the maxilla is preserved (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE01E1FFC9D7032FCDB" box="[1078,1143,781,803]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The external surfaces of the maxillae are slightly convex. The ornamentation is difficult to distinguish from the encrustations, but along the alveolar margins on the right side, there appears to be natural external surface texture (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE01F6FFC1871D0FC64" box="[1350,1429,904,926]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="24.[163,244,1465,1487]" captionTargetBox="[165,1443,198,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-204@24.[163,1443,195,1425]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 2. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017019/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). It is composed of well-developed anteroposteriorly aligned ridges, suggesting that the rostrum may have been ornamented in life. In
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB2FFE01ECBFC74709EFBE1" authority="(Foffa &amp; Young, 2014)" baseAuthorityName="Foffa &amp; Young" baseAuthorityYear="2014" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Tyrannoneustes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lythrodectikos">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01ECBFC74779BFBEE" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB2FFE019C7FB927096FBEE" author="Foffa &amp; Young" box="[1006,1235,1026,1048]" firstAuthor="Foffa" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" pagination="608" refId="ref33398" refString="Foffa D, Young MT. 2014. The cranial osteology of Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos (Crocodylomorpha: Metriorhynchidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Europe. PeerJ 2: e 608." type="journal article" year="2014">Foffa &amp;Young, 2014</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB2FFE01F3EFB9270CFFBCF" authority="(Young et al., 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Young" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Dakosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maximus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01F3EFB9277E0FBCE" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Dakosaurus maximus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB2FFE0199CFBB170C4FBCF" author="Young" box="[949,1153,1057,1079]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" pagination="44985" refId="ref37244" refString="Young MT, Brusatte SL, Andrade MB, Desojo JB, Beatty BL, Steel L, Fernandez MS, Sakamoto M, Ruiz- Omenaca JI, Schoch RR. 2012. The cranial osteology and feeding ecology of the metriorhynchid crocodylomorph genera Dakosaurus and Plesiosuchus from the Late Jurassic of Europe. PLoS One 7: e 44985." type="journal article" year="2012">
Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01E2DFBB27078FBCF" box="[1028,1085,1057,1079]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">et al.</emphasis>
, 2012
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
there are clear shifts in ornamentation patterns across the maxilla; given the preservation of the
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB2FFE01E0DFBCE70CDFB8D" box="[1060,1160,1118,1140]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
we cannot determine if that is true for
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB2FFE019C2FBED716DFB6B" box="[1003,1320,1149,1170]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE019C2FBED716DFB6B" box="[1003,1320,1149,1170]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Metriorhynchus brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In lateral view, the preservation of the specimen precludes us from determining of there were reception pits on the lateral margins of the maxillae (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE01E82FB4970AFFB17" box="[1195,1258,1241,1263]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="24.[163,244,1465,1487]" captionTargetBox="[165,1443,198,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-204@24.[163,1443,195,1425]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 2. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017019/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE0197AFB687169F8EE" blockId="22.[827,1444,750,1815]" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">
In palatal view, 12 alveoli are preserved on the right maxilla (anterior section of the 13
<superScript id="21FB3021FFB2FFE01E90FA867082FADB" attach="left" box="[1209,1223,1302,1314]" fontSize="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">th</superScript>
alveolus is visible), while there are 13 complete alveoli on the left maxilla (with the anterior section of the 14
<superScript id="21FB3021FFB2FFE01EF8FAC370A5FAA6" attach="left" box="[1233,1248,1363,1375]" fontSize="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">th</superScript>
alveolus visible) (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB2FFE0196AFAE277C7FA71" box="[835,898,1394,1416]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). All alveoli are circular to subcircular in shape. The interalveolar spaces are variable in size. The M1 and M2 alveoli are closely packed, from M2 to M7 the interalveolar spaces are wider, between M7 and M8 there is the largest preserved gap, M8–M10 has gaps similar in size to those of M2–M7; finally, from M10 posteriorly the interalveolar spaces become small. Paired palatal grooves are present on either side of the maxilla midline. The grooves appear to terminate level to the M5 alveoli. In
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB2FFE01E19F91770B8F962" baseAuthorityName="Foffa &amp; Young" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[1072,1277,1670,1692]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Tyrannoneustes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lythrodectikos">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01E19F9177009F965" box="[1072,1100,1671,1692]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Ty</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01E72F91670B8F962" box="[1115,1277,1670,1691]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">lythrodectikos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
these grooves terminate level to the M4 alveoli (
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB2FFE01E9AF93571D0F943" author="Foffa &amp; Young" box="[1203,1429,1701,1723]" firstAuthor="Foffa" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" pagination="608" refId="ref33398" refString="Foffa D, Young MT. 2014. The cranial osteology of Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos (Crocodylomorpha: Metriorhynchidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Europe. PeerJ 2: e 608." type="journal article" year="2014">Foffa &amp; Young, 2014</bibRefCitation>
), and in the ‘English rostrum’ from the ‘E-clade’ these grooves continue anteriorly along maxilla terminating level to the M2 alveoli (
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB2FFE01E6CF8927159F8EF" author="Young" box="[1093,1308,1793,1815]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="22" pageNumber="532" pagination="494 - 520" refId="ref37488" refString="Young MT, Sachs S, Abel P, Foffa D, Herrera Y, Kitson JJN. 2020 a. Convergent evolution and possible constraint in the posterodorsal retractions of the external nares in pelagic crocodylomorphs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189: 494 - 520." type="journal article" year="2020" yearSuffix="a">
Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01EBAF892708EF8EF" box="[1171,1227,1793,1815]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">et al.</emphasis>
, 2020a
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB2FFE11912F8D076BDF8A9" blockId="22.[827,1443,1856,1908]" lastBlockId="23.[145,761,1789,1872]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="533" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB2FFE01912F8D077C9F8AC" box="[827,908,1856,1877]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="532">Nasals:</emphasis>
Little of the nasals are preserved,only the anterior processes. The anterior processes form the characteristic converging triangular shape seen in thalattosuchians (e.g. see
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB3FFE11AC5F88C7528F8C8" author="Fraas" box="[236,365,1820,1841]" firstAuthor="Fraas" pageId="23" pageNumber="533" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref33646" refString="Fraas E. 1902. Die Meer-Krocodilier (Thalattosuchia) des oberen Jura unter specieller Berucksichtigung von Dacosaurus und Geosaurus. Palaeontographica 49: 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1902">Fraas, 1902</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB3FFE11B51F88C765FF8C8" author="Andrews" box="[376,538,1820,1842]" firstAuthor="Andrews" pageId="23" pageNumber="533" refId="ref31961" refString="Andrews CW. 1913. A descriptive catalogue of the marine reptiles of the Oxford Clay, Part Two. London: British Museum (Natural History)." type="book" year="1913">Andrews, 1913</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB3FFE11818F88C7628F8C8" box="[561,621,1820,1842]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionTargetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="533">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The nasals are paired, with the anterior processes terminating
</paragraph>
<caption id="82F1CDE1FFB3FFE11AB8F91E7563F938" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7017017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="533" startId="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" targetBox="[227,1345,197,1637]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB3FFE11AB8F91E7563F938" blockId="23.[145,1424,1678,1729]" pageId="23" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB3FFE11AB8F91E74B9F95A" bold="true" box="[145,252,1678,1700]" pageId="23" pageNumber="533">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB3FFE11B21F91E7677F95D" box="[264,562,1678,1700]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="23" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB3FFE11B21F91E7677F95D" box="[264,562,1678,1700]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="533">Metriorhynchus brevirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB3FFE11900F96D7080F8A9" blockId="23.[809,1426,1789,1872]" pageId="23" pageNumber="533">level to the M8 alveoli. Due to the encrustations the ornamentation is hard to discern, but the external surface has anteroposteriorly aligned grooves.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="2C1DAE1F38B6C1D6D8807AF8D3D478F5">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="22CF5FACF6D4CDB1FACA09546A53D50E">
<mods:date id="DDE0FA79EEAFF5A8E9A586A22533A583">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B6720EE75CF1B6D5E3FC52D630C25F82">192</mods:number>
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<treatment id="5E272C7FFFB1FFE31AC6FCD177E8FD53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5308381" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199723538" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5308381" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E272C7FFFB1FFE31AC6FCD177E8FD53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E272C7FFFB1FFE31AC6FCD177E8FD53" lastPageNumber="531" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE31AC6FCD176DFFCA3" box="[239,666,833,858]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31AC6FCD176DFFCA3" blockId="21.[239,666,833,858]" box="[239,666,833,858]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<heading id="8D792A05FFB1FFE31AC6FCD176DFFCA3" box="[239,666,833,858]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31AC6FCD176DFFCA3" authority="VON MEYER, 1832" authorityName="Geoffroyii (von Meyer" authorityYear="1832" box="[239,666,833,858]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31AC6FCD17583FCA1" box="[239,454,833,856]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">METRIORHYNCHUS</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE31BE4FCD476DFFCA3" author="VON MEYER" box="[461,666,833,858]" firstAuthor="VON MEYER" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" refId="ref35552" refString="von Meyer H. 1832. Palaeologica zur Geschichte der Erde und ihrer Geschopfe. Frankfurt am Main: Siegmund Schmerber, 560." type="book" year="1832">VON MEYER, 1832</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE31BA0FCE27645FC72" box="[393,512,882,907]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31BA0FCE27645FC72" blockId="21.[393,512,882,907]" box="[393,512,882,907]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
(
<figureCitation id="4EB581ECFFB1FFE31BB8FCE275BDFC72" box="[401,504,882,907]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStartId-0="23.[145,225,1678,1700]" captionStartId-1="24.[163,244,1465,1487]" captionStartId-2="25.[145,223,965,987]" captionTargetBox-0="[227,1345,197,1637]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1443,198,1424]" captionTargetBox-2="[304,1264,199,922]" captionTargetId-0="figure-74@23.[225,1345,195,1638]" captionTargetId-1="figure-204@24.[163,1443,195,1425]" captionTargetId-2="figure-488@25.[301,1267,195,925]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-1="24" captionTargetPageId-2="25" captionText-0="Figure 1. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, dorsal view; B, palatal view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." captionText-1="Figure 2. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." captionText-2="Figure 3. Metriorhynchus brevirostris holotype MHNG V-2232. A, anterior view; B, posterior view. See text for anatomical abbreviations." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017017" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017019" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7017024" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7017017/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7017019/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7017024/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">FIGS 1–3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE31AB8FC2B74B1FC16" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31AB8FC2B74B1FC16" blockId="21.[145,762,954,1743]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<materialsCitation id="66E69734FFB1FFE31AB8FC2B74B4FC16" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892764301" collectionCode="MHNG" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" specimenCode="MHNG V-2232" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31AB8FC2B7513FC29" box="[145,342,955,976]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB1FFE31AB8FC2B7489FC29" box="[145,204,955,976]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Type</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="C08856E0FFB1FFE31AF0FC2B750AFC29" box="[217,335,955,976]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="generic">specimen</specimenCount>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="86283512FFB1FFE31B4FFC2B7663FC29" box="[358,550,955,976]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
MHNG
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31BE2FC2B7663FC29" box="[459,550,955,976]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="2232-05">V-2232</date>
</specimenCode>
, partial cranial rostrum
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE31A80FC687682F937" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31A80FC687682F937" blockId="21.[145,762,954,1743]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
Eugène
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE31B0BFC6876F8FBF7" author="Eudes-Deslongchamps J-A" box="[290,701,1016,1038]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" refId="ref33177" refString="Eudes-Deslongchamps J-A. 1867. [posthumous work] Note sur les teleosauriens. Caen: Le Blanc-Hardel." type="book" year="1867">Eudes-Deslongchamps (1867</bibRefCitation>
– 69: 118) attempted to rectify the taxonomic issues associated with
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31B6CFBA575BDFBB3" authorityName="Geoffroyii (von Meyer" authorityYear="1832" box="[325,504,1077,1098]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31B6CFBA575BDFBB3" box="[325,504,1077,1098]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Metriorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and designated a new type species for the genus (
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31B94FBC47638FB90" box="[445,637,1108,1129]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31BC3FBC47638FB90" baseAuthorityName="Grange &amp; Benton" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[490,637,1108,1129]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">superciliosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
). However, the ICZN did not exist during that time, and under Article 68.3 of the Code,
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31BB6FB02766FFB5F" box="[415,554,1169,1191]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31BB6FB02766FFB5F" box="[415,554,1169,1191]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">M. geoffroyii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the type species by monotypy. As stated above,
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE31BC5FB2076F7FB3F" author="von Meyer" box="[492,690,1200,1222]" firstAuthor="von Meyer" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" refId="ref35552" refString="von Meyer H. 1832. Palaeologica zur Geschichte der Erde und ihrer Geschopfe. Frankfurt am Main: Siegmund Schmerber, 560." type="book" year="1832">von Meyer (1832)</bibRefCitation>
never designated a type specimen for
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31BDCFB5F76CEFB1A" box="[501,651,1230,1252]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE3180BFB5E76CEFB1A" box="[546,651,1230,1251]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii">geoffroyii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. The first time MHNG
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31B02FB7D7539FAFB" box="[299,380,1261,1282]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="2232-05">V-2232</date>
was considered to the
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB1FFE318A7FB7D76BDFAFA" box="[654,760,1261,1283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
was by
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE31ACCFA9C75D1FADB" author="Vignaud" box="[229,404,1292,1314]" firstAuthor="Vignaud" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" refId="ref36631" refString="Vignaud P. 1995. Les Thalattosuchia, crocodiles marins du Mesozoique: Systematique, phylogenie, paleoecologie, biochronologie et implications paleogeographiques. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, Universite de Poitiers, France." type="book" year="1995">Vignaud (1995)</bibRefCitation>
in his unpublished PhD thesis, which
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE31AF5FABB75F7FAB8" author="Young" box="[220,434,1322,1345]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" pagination="801 - 859" refId="ref37152" refString="Young MT, Brusatte SL, Ruta M, Andrade MB. 2010. The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia: Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158: 801 - 859." type="journal article" year="2010">
Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31B03FABB7521FAC6" box="[298,356,1322,1344]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">et al.</emphasis>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
followed. However, as noted above,
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE31AC9FADA75FEFAA6" author="Young" box="[224,443,1353,1375]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" pagination="801 - 859" refId="ref37152" refString="Young MT, Brusatte SL, Ruta M, Andrade MB. 2010. The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia: Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158: 801 - 859." type="journal article" year="2010">
Young
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31B19FADA752FFAA7" box="[304,362,1353,1375]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">et al.</emphasis>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
merely stated that MHNG
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31AB8FAF8749AFA84" box="[145,223,1384,1405]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="2232-05">V-2232</date>
was the
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB1FFE31B6EFAF875EAFA87" box="[327,431,1384,1406]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, they did not designate it so. Thus, until this publication, no-one has ever designated a type specimen for
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31BA1FA3576F8FA43" box="[392,701,1445,1466]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31BA1FA3576F8FA43" box="[392,701,1445,1466]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Metriorhynchus geoffroyii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that fulfils Article 74.7.3 of the ICZN Code. As herein, we formally designate MHNG
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31BE0FA73765DFA01" box="[457,536,1507,1528]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="2232-05">V-2232</date>
to be the
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB1FFE318A2FA7276B1FA01" box="[651,756,1506,1528]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
; it ensures that the cranial rostrum description of
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE318F9F9927577F9CF" author="von Meyer" firstAuthor="von Meyer" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" refId="ref35552" refString="von Meyer H. 1832. Palaeologica zur Geschichte der Erde und ihrer Geschopfe. Frankfurt am Main: Siegmund Schmerber, 560." type="book" year="1832">von Meyer (1832)</bibRefCitation>
, which was the basis for the generic name, is reflected in the type specimen and ensures taxonomic stability. With the ‘Havre snout’ (MHNG
<date id="A230BBA9FFB1FFE31AB8F9EC74A3F96B" box="[145,230,1660,1682]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" value="2232-05">V-2232</date>
) being the
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB1FFE31B5EF9EC75A3F96B" box="[375,486,1660,1682]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of both
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE3187BF9EC76BCF968" box="[594,761,1660,1681]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE318AFF9EC76BCF968" box="[646,761,1660,1681]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii">geoffroyii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31AECF90B7504F949" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" box="[197,321,1691,1712]" class="Reptilia" family="Gavialidae" genus="Gavialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurinii">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31AECF90B7504F949" box="[197,321,1691,1712]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Ga. jurinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it renders them both junior objective synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31B0CF9297685F937" authority="Holl, 1829" authorityName="Holl" authorityYear="1829" box="[293,704,1721,1743]" class="Reptilia" family="Teleosauridae" genus="Steneosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31B0CF9297600F937" box="[293,581,1721,1742]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Steneosaurus brevirostris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE31865F9297685F937" author="Holl" box="[588,704,1721,1743]" firstAuthor="Holl" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" refId="ref34637" refString="Holl F. 1829. Handbuch der Petrefactenkunde Teil 1. Dresden: Hilscher, 416." type="book" year="1829">Holl, 1829</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE31AB8F96875DFF893" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31AB8F96875DFF893" blockId="21.[145,760,1784,1898]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31AB8F968756DF8F4" box="[145,296,1784,1805]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB1FFE31AB8F968748DF8F4" box="[145,200,1784,1805]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31B17F968748EF8D2" authority="von Meyer, 1832" authorityName="von Meyer" authorityYear="1832" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31B17F968762AF8F4" box="[318,623,1784,1805]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Metriorhynchus geoffroyii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE31851F968748EF8D2" author="von Meyer" firstAuthor="von Meyer" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" refId="ref35552" refString="von Meyer H. 1832. Palaeologica zur Geschichte der Erde und ihrer Geschopfe. Frankfurt am Main: Siegmund Schmerber, 560." type="book" year="1832">von Meyer, 1832</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, a junior objective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE3187FF88775E5F8B3" authority="Holl, 1829" authorityName="Holl" authorityYear="1829" class="Reptilia" family="Teleosauridae" genus="Steneosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE3187FF887755EF8B3" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Steneosaurus brevirostris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B21FE098FFB1FFE31B0DF8A575E5F8B3" author="Holl" box="[292,416,1845,1867]" firstAuthor="Holl" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" refId="ref34637" refString="Holl F. 1829. Handbuch der Petrefactenkunde Teil 1. Dresden: Hilscher, 416." type="book" year="1829">Holl, 1829</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(following Recommendation 67B of the ICZN Code).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE31900FF567124FE29" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FF567124FE29" blockId="21.[809,1426,197,464]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31900FF567722FF22" box="[809,871,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Note:</emphasis>
We cannot use Article 23.9 to preserve
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31F4EFF5677D4FF00" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
Me.
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31900FF7477D4FF00" authorityName="von Meyer" authorityYear="1832" box="[809,913,228,249]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii">geoffroyii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
as it does not fulfil Article 23.9.1.2. A Google Scholar online search for ‘
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31E77FE9271CEFEEE" authorityName="von Meyer" authorityYear="1832" box="[1118,1419,258,279]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geoffroyii">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31E77FE9271CEFEEE" box="[1118,1419,258,279]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Metriorhynchus geoffroyii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ from 1970–2020 gave 13 results: all are from 2001 onwards and most of the first authors mentioning the species are co-authors on this contribution. We recognize that Google Scholar is not an ideal literature search, especially for historical names, but it does give a general overview of how widespread the usage of a name is.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE31900FE6977B2FDD4" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FE6977B2FDD4" blockId="21.[809,1424,503,558]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31900FE6977EFFDF7" box="[809,938,505,526]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Etymology:</emphasis>
Latinized from Greek µέτριο, moderate, and ρύγχος, snout.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB1FFE31900FDC777E8FD53" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB1FFE31900FDC777E8FD53" blockId="21.[809,1424,598,682]" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31900FDC777E5FD95" box="[809,928,599,620]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Same as the only species herein regarded to be validly assigned to the genus
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB1FFE31EFCFDE571D5FD73" authorityName="Geoffroyii (von Meyer" authorityYear="1832" box="[1237,1424,629,650]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriorhynchidae" genus="Metriorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="531" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB1FFE31EFCFDE571D5FD73" box="[1237,1424,629,650]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="531">Metriorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<heading id="8D792A05FFB8FFEA19E8FC847158FCD5" box="[961,1309,787,812]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="538" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1E8FFC877153FCD3" bold="true" box="[1190,1302,787,811]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">GEN. NOV</emphasis>
.
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(
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)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB8FFEA1912FCFB71E1FBDA" pageId="28" pageNumber="538" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB8FFEA1912FCFB778BFC7B" blockId="28.[827,974,875,898]" box="[827,974,875,898]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1912FCFB778BFC7B" box="[827,974,875,898]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB8FFEA1912FCFB7731FC7B" box="[827,884,875,898]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB8FFEA1912FC0271E1FBDA" blockId="28.[827,1444,914,1151]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB8FFEA1912FC027157FC51" authority="Blainville" authorityName="Blainville" box="[827,1298,914,936]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="28" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1912FC0270C7FC51" box="[827,1154,914,936]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">Crocodilus superciliosus</emphasis>
Blainville
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1F08FC03717FFC51" box="[1313,1338,915,936]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">in</emphasis>
Eudes- Deslongchamps, 1852 (following Recommendation 67B of the ICZN Code) (
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1E3EFC41709EFC1F" box="[1047,1243,977,998]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">nomen protectum</emphasis>
). Now referred to as
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<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1975FC7E70EEFBFA" box="[860,1195,1006,1027]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">Thalattosuchus superciliosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Blainville
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1F1DFC7F7109FBFD" box="[1332,1356,1007,1028]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">in</emphasis>
Eudes- Deslongchamps, 1852) comb. nov.
<typeStatus id="093523CBFFB8FFEA1E91FB9E70B5FBDA" box="[1208,1264,1038,1059]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">Type</typeStatus>
by designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB8FFEA197AFBBC70DDFB86" pageId="28" pageNumber="538" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB8FFEA197AFBBC70DDFB86" blockId="28.[827,1444,914,1151]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB8FFEA197AFBBC70E3FBB8" authority="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel, 2021" authorityName="Young &amp; Brignon &amp; Sachs &amp; Hornung &amp; Foffa &amp; Kitson &amp; Johnson &amp; Steel" authorityYear="2021" box="[851,1190,1068,1089]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Thalattosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="28" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA197AFBBC70E3FBB8" box="[851,1190,1068,1089]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">Thalattosuchus superciliosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB8FFEA19ECFBDB7110FB99" authority="Geoffroy" authorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1825" box="[965,1365,1098,1120]" class="Reptilia" family="Teleosauridae" genus="Steneosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="28" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rostrominor">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA19ECFBDB70AEFB99" box="[965,1259,1099,1120]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">Steneosaurus rostrominor</emphasis>
Geoffroy
</taxonomicName>
Saint- Hilaire, 1825 (
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA19F7FBFA70CDFB87" box="[990,1160,1129,1151]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">nomen oblitum</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB8FFEA1912FB277104FACA" pageId="28" pageNumber="538" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB8FFEA1912FB2777F9FB36" blockId="28.[827,956,1207,1231]" box="[827,956,1207,1231]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1912FB2777F9FB36" box="[827,956,1207,1231]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB8FFEA1912FB707104FACA" blockId="28.[827,1443,1248,1331]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">
‘Sea crocodile’, given that the species
<taxonomicName id="118EE6EAFFB8FFEA1EDBFB7071CDFB0C" box="[1266,1416,1248,1269]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="28" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1EDBFB7071CDFB0C" box="[1266,1416,1248,1269]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">superciliosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is perhaps the best-known thalattosuchian, it is fitting that the genus be established for this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94CEE2FFB8FFEA1912FAFC70A5FA53" box="[827,1248,1388,1450]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB8FFEA1912FAFC77F1FA7A" blockId="28.[827,948,1388,1411]" box="[827,948,1388,1411]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="E4FA417BFFB8FFEA1912FAFC77F1FA7A" box="[827,948,1388,1411]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6319D69FFB8FFEA1912FA0470A5FA53" blockId="28.[827,1248,1428,1450]" box="[827,1248,1428,1450]" pageId="28" pageNumber="538">Same as the only species (see below).</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<document id="D8EBFB09F6E2B64EE7510258D2F800D4" ID-CLB-Dataset="27506" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4576.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="298e990c-ba0d-496f-8c3c-edf17846787f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2624968" ID-ZooBank="0955A961-7D11-44CA-9096-0749FE0483BB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554273384647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ohara, Willian M., Jerep, Fernado C. &amp; Cavallaro, Marcel R." docDate="2019" docId="5E275703F376263BFF63010FFBBCE000" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4576.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4576 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro 2019, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="332" masterDocId="A21E2F7BF377263DFFF40601FFF0E458" masterDocTitle="A new species of Microschemobrycon (Characiformes: Characidae) from Rio Xingu basin, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="336" masterPageNumber="326" pageNumber="327" updateTime="1698716731574" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BD16D509B2E62E1A21E888ADBBCF0DC3">A new species of Microschemobrycon (Characiformes: Characidae) from Rio Xingu basin, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="22E70E3CBBB25794C2DD0A9110F344D8">Ohara, Willian M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0FAAD785AC60FABDE419CC5D465218F1">Jerep, Fernado C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AE145F25FF8761EBBC45A77A3A93BF0B">Cavallaro, Marcel R.</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F376263CFF63010FFD01E370" bold="true" box="[151,753,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F376263CFF63010FFDA3E370" authority="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro, 2019" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,595,1806,1832]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="327" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F376263CFF63010FFDA3E370" bold="true" box="[151,595,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus</emphasis>
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,
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<subSubSection id="9E94B59EF376263CFF630130FEE2E312" box="[151,274,1841,1866]" pageId="1" pageNumber="327" type="description">
<paragraph id="D631E615F376263CFF630130FEE2E312" blockId="1.[151,753,1806,1866]" box="[151,274,1841,1866]" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">
(
<figureCitation id="4EB5FA90F376263CFF6B0130FEF8E312" box="[159,264,1841,1866]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1426,1448]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1194,1216]" captionTargetBox-0="[152,1435,483,1402]" captionTargetBox-1="[150,1436,190,1180]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[152,1435,483,1402]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[150,1436,190,1180]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus, MZUSP 123748, holotype, 23.6 mm SL (A); MZUSP 119647, paratype, 20.4 mm SL (B), both from the tributaries of Rio Curuá drainage, Rio Xingu basin, Pará, Brazil." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Coloration in life of Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus, MZUSP 119370, paratype, 19.5 mm SL, igarapé tributary of Rio Curuá (A) and MZUSP 116046, paratype, 23.6 mm SL, tributary of Treze de Maio (B), both from Rio Curuá drainage, Rio Xingu basin, Pará State, Brazil." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2624970/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2624972/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="D631E615F376263CFF630178FEF8E382" blockId="1.[151,1436,1913,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">
<materialsCitation id="66E6EC48F376263CFF630178FEF8E382" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2234225971" collectingDate="2015-08-08" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="Castelo dos Sonhos &amp; W. M. Ohara &amp; M. Pastana &amp; O. Oyakawa." country="Brazil" county="State" latitude="-8.173612" location="Rio Curua" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-55.12861" municipality="Altamira" pageId="1" pageNumber="327" specimenCode="MZUSP 123748, 23.6" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Para" typeStatus="holotype">
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.
</emphasis>
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,
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<specimenCode id="86284E6EF376263CFE280178FDFDE3CA" box="[476,525,1913,1938]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">23.6</specimenCode>
mm
</quantity>
SL,
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,
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,
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, igarapé tributary of
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,
<location id="D351B0CEF376263CFAD20178FA6CE3CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E275703F376263BFF63010FFBBCE000:D351B0CEF376263CFAD20178FA6CE3CA" box="[1318,1436,1913,1938]" country="Brazil" county="State" latitude="-8.173612" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-55.12861" municipality="Altamira" name="Rio Xingu" pageId="1" pageNumber="327" stateProvince="Para">Rio Xingu</location>
basin,
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north from
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F376263CFE44019CFD7FE3EE" box="[432,655,1949,1974]" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">Castelo dos Sonhos</collectorName>
,
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, 0
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<collectingDate id="B274393DF376263CFC5F019FFBC3E3EE" box="[939,1075,1949,1974]" pageId="1" pageNumber="327" value="2015-08-08">8 Aug 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F376263CFBCA019FFB23E3EE" box="[1086,1235,1949,1974]" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">W. M. Ohara</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F376263CFB2B019FFAACE3ED" box="[1247,1372,1950,1973]" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">M. Pastana</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F376263CFA75019FFEF8E382" pageId="1" pageNumber="327">O. Oyakawa.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D631E615F375263FFF330696FEF8E5F5" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">
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<typeStatus id="093558B7F375263FFF330696FEB1E4E8" box="[199,321,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
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from
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,
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,
<location id="D351B0CEF375263FFD650696FD08E4E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E275703F376263BFF63010FFBBCE000:D351B0CEF375263FFD650696FD08E4E8" box="[657,760,151,176]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-8.3525" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-55.171112" municipality="State" name="Altamira" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" stateProvince="Para">Altamira</location>
,
<location id="D351B0CEF375263FFCF00696FC8BE4E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E275703F376263BFF63010FFBBCE000:D351B0CEF375263FFCF00696FC8BE4E8" box="[772,891,151,176]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-8.3525" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-55.171112" municipality="State" name="Rio Xingu" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" stateProvince="Para">Rio Xingu</location>
basin,
<location id="D351B0CEF375263FFC3B0696FBB4E4E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E275703F376263BFF63010FFBBCE000:D351B0CEF375263FFC3B0696FBB4E4E8" box="[975,1092,151,176]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-8.3525" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-55.171112" municipality="State" name="Rio Curua" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" stateProvince="Para">Rio Curuá</location>
drainage.
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,
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFA730696FA67E4E8" box="[1415,1431,151,176]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">5</specimenCode>
,
<quantity id="11764BF0F375263FFF6306BDFECEE48C" box="[151,318,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.06" metricValueMax="2.17" metricValueMin="1.95" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" unit="mm" value="20.6" valueMax="21.7" valueMin="19.5">
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFF6306BDFF36E48D" box="[151,198,188,213]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">19.5</specimenCode>
–
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFF2106BDFEF7E48D" box="[213,263,188,213]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">21.7</specimenCode>
mm
</quantity>
SL, same data as holotype.
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFD7B06BDFCBDE48D" box="[655,845,188,213]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">MZUSP 116013</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFCA806BDFC9CE48D" box="[860,876,188,213]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">5</specimenCode>
,
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<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFC8806BDFC5DE48D" box="[892,941,188,213]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">20.7</specimenCode>
–
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFC4F06BDFC1CE48D" box="[955,1004,188,213]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">22.5</specimenCode>
mm
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SL (2 c&amp;s,
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SL), tributary of igarapé
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Treze
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,
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,
<date id="A230C0D5F375263FFCC006DEFC4BE4A0" box="[820,955,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" value="2014-11-05">
<collectingDate id="B274393DF375263FFCC006DEFC4BE4A0" box="[820,955,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" value="2014-11-05">5 Nov 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFC3206E1FBA8E4A0" box="[966,1112,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">W. M. Ohara</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFB8806E1FB27E4A0" box="[1148,1239,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">J. Bilce.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFB2A06E1FA68E4A0" box="[1246,1432,223,248]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">MZUSP 116046</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFF630705FF45E545" box="[151,181,260,285]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">16</specimenCode>
,
<quantity id="11764BF0F375263FFF350705FE93E544" box="[193,355,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" metricValueMax="2.35" metricValueMin="2.01" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" unit="mm" value="21.8" valueMax="23.5" valueMin="20.1">
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFF350705FF01E545" box="[193,241,260,285]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">20.1</specimenCode>
–
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFF0B0705FEC0E545" box="[255,304,260,285]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">23.5</specimenCode>
mm
</quantity>
SL, igarapé tributary of
<location id="D351B0CEF375263FFD830705FD1DE544" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E275703F376263BFF63010FFBBCE000:D351B0CEF375263FFD830705FD1DE544" box="[631,749,260,285]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-8.3525" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-55.171112" municipality="State" name="Rio Curua" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" stateProvince="Para">Rio Curuá</location>
,
<quantity id="11764BF0F375263FFD0C0705FCC1E545" box="[760,817,260,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
from
<location id="D351B0CEF375263FFC810705FBBDE544" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E275703F376263BFF63010FFBBCE000:D351B0CEF375263FFC810705FBBDE544" box="[885,1101,260,285]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-8.3525" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-55.171112" municipality="State" name="Cachoeira da Serra" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" stateProvince="Para">
Cachoeira
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFC1A0705FBBDE544" box="[1006,1101,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">da Serra</collectorName>
</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B3BA80D2F375263FFBAC0705FB39E545" box="[1112,1225,260,285]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" precision="15" value="-8.605278">8°36'19&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B3BA80D2F375263FFB240705FABCE545" box="[1232,1356,260,285]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" precision="15" value="-55.09111">55°5'28&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="A230C0D5F375263FFAA30705FF22E518" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" value="2014-11-05">
<collectingDate id="B274393DF375263FFAA30705FF22E518" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" value="2014-11-05">5 Nov 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFF140729FE89E518" box="[224,377,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">W. M. Ohara</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFE560729FDF1E518" box="[418,513,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">J. Bilce.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFDFF0729FD59E518" box="[523,681,296,320]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">MNRJ 34800</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFD4C0726FD38E518" box="[696,712,295,320]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">6</specimenCode>
, 18.0–
<quantity id="11764BF0F375263FFCE10729FC8DE567" box="[789,893,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" unit="mm" value="22.2">22.2 mm</quantity>
SL, igarapé tributary of
<location id="D351B0CEF375263FFB560726FAECE518" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E275703F376263BFF63010FFBBCE000:D351B0CEF375263FFB560726FAECE518" box="[1186,1308,295,320]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-8.3525" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-55.171112" municipality="State" name="Rio Curua" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" stateProvince="Para">Rio Curuá</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B3BA80D2F375263FFADF0726FA6CE518" box="[1323,1436,295,320]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" precision="15" value="-8.181111">8°10'52&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B3BA80D2F375263FFF63074DFEE3E53D" box="[151,275,332,357]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" precision="15" value="-55.12583">55°7'33&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="A230C0D5F375263FFEEA074DFE5BE53C" box="[286,427,332,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" value="2008-09-30">
<collectingDate id="B274393DF375263FFEEA074DFE5BE53C" box="[286,427,332,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" value="2008-09-30">30 Sep 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFE42074CFDD0E53D" box="[438,544,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">M. Britto</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFDDF074CFD65E53C" box="[555,661,332,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">J. Gomes</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFD54074CFCD1E53D" box="[672,801,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">F. Carvalho</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFCB7074CFC51E53D" box="[835,929,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">L. Fries.</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFC53074DFB91E53D" box="[935,1121,332,357]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">MZUSP 119647</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFB9F074DFB89E53C" box="[1131,1145,332,356]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">1</specimenCode>
,
<quantity id="11764BF0F375263FFB73074DFB1AE53C" box="[1159,1258,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" unit="mm" value="20.7">
<specimenCode id="86284E6EF375263FFB73074DFB48E53C" box="[1159,1208,332,356]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">20.7</specimenCode>
mm
</quantity>
SL, tributary of
<location id="D351B0CEF375263FFF63076EFEE0E5D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E275703F376263BFF63010FFBBCE000:D351B0CEF375263FFF63076EFEE0E5D0" box="[151,272,367,392]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-8.3525" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-55.171112" municipality="State" name="Rio Curua" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" stateProvince="Para">Rio Curuá</location>
,
<quantity id="11764BF0F375263FFEEA0771FE98E5D0" box="[286,360,367,392]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
of
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFE66076EFD86E5D0" box="[402,630,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">Castelo dos Sonhos</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B3BA80D2F375263FFD700771FD17E5D0" box="[644,743,368,392]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" precision="15" value="-8.3525">8°21'9&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B3BA80D2F375263FFD05076EFC8AE5D0" box="[753,890,367,392]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" precision="15" value="-55.171112">55°10'16&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 0
<date id="A230C0D5F375263FFC630771FBD3E5D0" box="[919,1059,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" value="2015-08-07">
<collectingDate id="B274393DF375263FFC630771FBD3E5D0" box="[919,1059,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" value="2015-08-07">7 Aug 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFBC50771FB3AE5D0" box="[1073,1226,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">W. M. Ohara</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFB2D0771FAA7E5DF" box="[1241,1367,368,391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">M. Pastana</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="7B7B83C3F375263FFA750771FEF5E5F5" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">O. Oyakawa</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="82F1B69DF375263FFF630393FB96E19F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2624970/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" startId="2.[151,250,1426,1448]" targetBox="[152,1435,483,1402]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="D631E615F375263FFF630393FB96E19F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1426,1479]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFF630393FEE5E1F0" bold="true" box="[151,277,1426,1448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFEEA0393FD66E1F0" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" box="[286,662,1426,1448]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFEEA0393FD66E1F0" box="[286,662,1426,1448]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, MZUSP 123748, holotype, 23.6 mm SL (A); MZUSP 119647, paratype, 20.4 mm SL (B), both from the tributaries of Rio Curuá drainage, Rio Xingu basin, Pará, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="9E94B59EF375263EFF3303F5FEFBE545" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D631E615F375263EFF3303F5FEFBE545" blockId="2.[151,1436,1524,2016]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,536]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFF3303F5FEB1E255" bold="true" box="[199,321,1524,1549]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species is distinguished from all
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFCD503F5FC36E255" authorityName="Géry" authorityYear="1972" box="[801,966,1524,1549]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aphyoditeinae">Aphyoditeinae</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFC2203F4FBE4E254" box="[982,1044,1525,1548]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B21F9BE4F375263FFBE803F5FB2EE254" author="Lima, F. C. T. &amp; Sleen, P. V. D. &amp; Moreira, C." box="[1052,1246,1524,1549]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" pagination="97 - 100" refId="ref6036" refString="Lima, F. C. T., Sleen, P. V. D. &amp; Moreira, C. (2017) Subfamily Aphyoditeinae-aphyoditeine tetras. In: Sleen, P. V. D &amp; Albert, J. S. (Eds.), Field guide to the fishes of the Amazon, Orinoco and Guianas. Princeton University Press, pp. 97 - 100." type="book chapter" year="2017">
<collectingRegion id="144A28F7F375263FFBE803F5FBA7E255" box="[1052,1111,1524,1549]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">Lima</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFBAA03F4FB66E255" box="[1118,1174,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">et al.</emphasis>
, 2017
</bibRefCitation>
) by the presence of a unique well-defined, rounded dark caudal-peduncle blotch and by a subjacent dark midlateral stripe visible in live specimens; and from all
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFE00003DFC74E20C" authority="(sensu Mirande, 2018)" authorityName="Mirande" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="sensu Mirande" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[500,900,1596,1621]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Characinae">
Characinae (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFD73003CFD35E20C" box="[647,709,1597,1620]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B21F9BE4F375263FFD25003DFC8DE20C" author="Mirande, J. M." box="[721,893,1596,1621]" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref6254" refString="Mirande, J. M. (2018) Morphology, molecules and the phylogeny of Characidae (Teleostei, Characiformes). Cladistics, 2018, 1 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 12345" type="journal article" year="2018">Mirande, 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of a single row of perfectly aligned, similarly-sized tricuspid teeth in the premaxilla and dentary. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFB43005EFEB7E2C4" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFB43005EFEB7E2C4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFD630085FC8CE2C5" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1915" box="[663,892,1668,1693]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFD630085FC8CE2C5" box="[663,892,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">Microschemobrycon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, except
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFBC50084FB33E2C5" box="[1073,1219,1668,1693]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFBC50084FB33E2C5" box="[1073,1219,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">M. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the presence of a longitudinal dark stripe along the lower jaw. The new species can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFB6600A8FAD4E298" box="[1170,1316,1703,1728]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFB6600A8FAD4E298" box="[1170,1316,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">M. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having lateral line with 36–38 pored scales (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFDBF00CCFD99E2BC" box="[587,617,1741,1764]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">vs.</emphasis>
lateral line with 15–19 pored scales); by the presence of anterior and posterior nostrils separated by narrow skin fold (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFD3500F0FD28E350" box="[705,728,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">vs</emphasis>
. nostrils distinctly separated, as illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="B21F9BE4F375263FFB1300F1FF02E374" author="Gery, J." pageId="2" pageNumber="328" pagination="81 - 137" refId="ref5593" refString="Gery, J. (1973) New and little-known Aphyoditeina (Pisces, Characoidei) from the Amazon Basin. Studies on Neotropical Fauna, 8, 81 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650527309360455" type="journal article" year="1973">Géry (1973: 98, Fig. 10)</bibRefCitation>
; dark chromatophores concentrated along ventral margin of the caudal peduncle (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFB700114FB6BE374" box="[1156,1179,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">vs</emphasis>
. pigmentation absent); and by the presence in life of a dark spot at base of dorsal-fin origin (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFC530138FC35E308" box="[935,965,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">vs.</emphasis>
absent). Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFB320138FA6CE308" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" box="[1222,1436,1849,1872]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFB320138FA6CE308" box="[1222,1436,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">M. cryptogrammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFE31015CFDCDE32D" box="[453,573,1884,1909]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="callops">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFE31015CFDCDE32D" box="[453,573,1884,1909]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">M. callops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a humeral blotch (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFC10015CFC0BE32C" box="[996,1019,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">vs</emphasis>
. vertically elongated humeral blotch present) and by presenting a hyaline dorsal fin (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFD2E0180FD09E3C0" box="[730,761,1921,1944]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">vs.</emphasis>
dorsal fin with a dark crescent-shaped blotch); from
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFA890180FEFCE3E4" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casiquiare">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFA890180FEFCE3E4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">M. casiquiare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number of perforated scales in the lateral line (33–38
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFC4301A4FC3EE3E4" box="[951,974,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">vs</emphasis>
. 15–26); from
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFB8301A4FB00E3E5" box="[1143,1264,1956,1981]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geisleri">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFB8301A4FB00E3E5" box="[1143,1264,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">M. geisleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of humeral blotch (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFE9A01C8FE75E3B8" box="[366,389,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">vs</emphasis>
. presence of a rounded humeral blotch); from
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F375263FFC6401C8FBCDE3B8" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1915" box="[912,1085,1993,2016]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guaporensis">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F375263FFC6401C8FBCDE3B8" box="[912,1085,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="328">M. guaporensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of two crescent shaped brown marks over the distal margin of hypurals (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFCE40698FCDFE4E8" box="[784,815,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
presence); from
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F374263EFC190698FB8CE4E8" authorityName="Meinken" authorityYear="1975" box="[1005,1148,151,176]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meyburgi">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFC190698FBF4E4E8" box="[1005,1028,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFBE70696FB8CE4E8" box="[1043,1148,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">meyburgi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of 33–38 pored scales in the lateral line (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFE0D06BCFDE8E48C" box="[505,536,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
3–5) and tricuspid teeth on jaws (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFC6F06BCFC49E48C" box="[923,953,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
unicuspid); and from
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F374263EFB4106BCFABEE48D" baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[1205,1358,188,213]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanotus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFB4106BCFB3CE48C" box="[1205,1228,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFB2F06BDFABEE48D" box="[1243,1358,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">melanotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of dorsal-fin blotch (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFE1706E0FDF1E4A0" box="[483,513,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
dorsal-fin blotch present) and by presenting a terminal mouth (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFB2606E0FB00E4A0" box="[1234,1264,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
mouth slightly upturned).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94B59EF374263BFF330726FB4FE74C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="3" pageNumber="329" type="description">
<paragraph id="D631E615F374263EFF330726FC61E64F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFF330726FEA9E518" bold="true" box="[199,345,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data of the new species presented in
<tableCitation id="9B0CD3AEF374263EFC4F0726FBE1E518" box="[955,1041,295,320]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,584,607]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric data of Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus. Range, mean and standard deviation (SD)." pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Body elongated and compressed; greatest body depth at vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head slightly convex from snout to vertical through anterior border of posterior nostril, straight to slightly convex from that point to dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal-fin base slightly convex, descending posteriorly. Dorsal profile from last dorsal-fin ray to adipose-fin base straight to slightly convex, slightly concave from latter point to caudal-fin origin. Ventral profile of head and anterior region of body slightly convex from mouth to genital papilla; straight to slightly concave along anal-fin base. Ventral profile of caudal peduncle straight to slightly concave.
</paragraph>
<caption id="82F1B69DF374263EFF630449FAABE607" box="[151,1371,583,607]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<paragraph id="D631E615F374263EFF630449FAABE607" blockId="3.[151,1371,583,607]" box="[151,1371,583,607]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFF630449FEFAE607" bold="true" box="[151,266,584,607]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric data of
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFDF50446FC60E607" box="[513,912,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F374263EFDF50446FC7DE607" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" box="[513,909,583,607]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus">Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Range, mean and standard deviation (SD).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D631E615F374263EFD16047BFABBE228" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<table id="A48E14B5F374D9C2FF6B047BFABCE228" box="[159,1356,634,1648]" gridcols="7" gridrows="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B047BFABCE6C8" box="[159,1356,634,656]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="329" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD16047BFCB0E6C8" box="[738,832,634,656]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Holotype</th>
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC86047BFC7BE6C8" box="[882,907,634,656]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">N</th>
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC14047BFBFCE6C8" box="[992,1036,634,656]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Min</th>
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB047BFB8DE6C8" box="[1103,1149,634,656]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Max</th>
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB49047BFB07E6C8" box="[1213,1271,634,656]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Mean</th>
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF047BFABCE6C8" box="[1323,1356,634,656]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B04A5FABCE6E2" box="[159,1356,676,698]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B04A5FDA3E6E2" box="[159,595,676,698]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Standard length (mm)</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD1604A5FCB0E6E2" box="[738,832,676,698]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">23.6</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC8604A5FC7BE6E2" box="[882,907,676,698]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC1404A5FBFCE6E2" box="[992,1036,676,698]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">20.1</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB04A5FB8DE6E2" box="[1103,1149,676,698]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">23.6</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB4904A5FB07E6E2" box="[1213,1271,676,698]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF04A5FABCE6E2" box="[1323,1356,676,698]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B04CCFABCE6BB" box="[159,1356,717,739]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B04CCFABCE6BB" box="[159,1356,717,739]" colspan="7" colspanRight="6" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFF6B04CCFE24E6BB" bold="true" box="[159,468,717,739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Percents of Standard Length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B04F7FABCE754" box="[159,1356,758,780]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B04F7FDA3E754" box="[159,595,758,780]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD1604F7FCB0E754" box="[738,832,758,780]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">24.6</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC8604F7FC7BE754" box="[882,907,758,780]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC1404F7FBFCE754" box="[992,1036,758,780]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">23.6</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB04F7FB8DE754" box="[1103,1149,758,780]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">27.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB4904F7FB07E754" box="[1213,1271,758,780]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">26.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF04F7FABCE754" box="[1323,1356,758,780]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0521FABCE76E" box="[159,1356,800,822]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0521FDA3E76E" box="[159,595,800,822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Snout to dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160521FCB0E76E" box="[738,832,800,822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">50.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860521FC7BE76E" box="[882,907,800,822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140521FBFCE76E" box="[992,1036,800,822]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">50.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0521FB8DE76E" box="[1103,1149,800,822]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">54.1</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490521FB07E76E" box="[1213,1271,800,822]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">51.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0521FABCE76E" box="[1323,1356,800,822]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0548FABCE707" box="[159,1356,841,863]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0548FDA3E707" box="[159,595,841,863]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Snout to pectoral-fin origin</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160548FCB0E707" box="[738,832,841,863]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">26.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860548FC7BE707" box="[882,907,841,863]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140548FBFCE707" box="[992,1036,841,863]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">26.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0548FB8DE707" box="[1103,1149,841,863]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">29.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490548FB07E707" box="[1213,1271,841,863]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">27.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0548FABCE707" box="[1323,1356,841,863]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0573FABCE7D0" box="[159,1356,882,904]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0573FDA3E7D0" box="[159,595,882,904]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Snout to pelvic-fin origin</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160573FCB0E7D0" box="[738,832,882,904]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">42.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860573FC7BE7D0" box="[882,907,882,904]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140573FBFCE7D0" box="[992,1036,882,904]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">42.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0573FB8DE7D0" box="[1103,1149,882,904]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">45.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490573FB07E7D0" box="[1213,1271,882,904]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">44.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0573FABCE7D0" box="[1323,1356,882,904]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B059DFABCE7EA" box="[159,1356,924,946]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B059DFDA3E7EA" box="[159,595,924,946]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Snout to anal-fin origin</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD16059DFCB0E7EA" box="[738,832,924,946]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">57.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC86059DFC7BE7EA" box="[882,907,924,946]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC14059DFBFCE7EA" box="[992,1036,924,946]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">55.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB059DFB8DE7EA" box="[1103,1149,924,946]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">60.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB49059DFB07E7EA" box="[1213,1271,924,946]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">59.1</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF059DFABCE7EA" box="[1323,1356,924,946]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B05C4FABCE783" box="[159,1356,965,987]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B05C4FDA3E783" box="[159,595,965,987]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Caudal-peduncle depth</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD1605C4FCB0E783" box="[738,832,965,987]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">9.1</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC8605C4FC7BE783" box="[882,907,965,987]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC1405C4FBFCE783" box="[992,1036,965,987]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">8.6</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB05C4FB8DE783" box="[1103,1149,965,987]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">10.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB4905C4FB07E783" box="[1213,1271,965,987]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">9.4</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF05C4FABCE783" box="[1323,1356,965,987]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B05EFFABCE05C" box="[159,1356,1006,1028]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B05EFFDA3E05C" box="[159,595,1006,1028]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Caudal-peduncle length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD1605EFFCB0E05C" box="[738,832,1006,1028]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">13.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC8605EFFC7BE05C" box="[882,907,1006,1028]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC1405EFFBFCE05C" box="[992,1036,1006,1028]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">10.4</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB05EFFB8DE05C" box="[1103,1149,1006,1028]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">14.1</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB4905EFFB07E05C" box="[1213,1271,1006,1028]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">12.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF05EFFABCE05C" box="[1323,1356,1006,1028]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0219FABCE076" box="[159,1356,1048,1070]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0219FDA3E076" box="[159,595,1048,1070]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Pectoral-fin length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160219FCB0E076" box="[738,832,1048,1070]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">19.2</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860219FC7BE076" box="[882,907,1048,1070]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140219FBFCE076" box="[992,1036,1048,1070]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">15.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0219FB8DE076" box="[1103,1149,1048,1070]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">20.4</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490219FB07E076" box="[1213,1271,1048,1070]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">18.9</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0219FABCE076" box="[1323,1356,1048,1070]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0240FABCE00F" box="[159,1356,1089,1111]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0240FDA3E00F" box="[159,595,1089,1111]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Pelvic-fin length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160240FCB0E00F" box="[738,832,1089,1111]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">14.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860240FC7BE00F" box="[882,907,1089,1111]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140240FBFCE00F" box="[992,1036,1089,1111]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">13.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0240FB8DE00F" box="[1103,1149,1089,1111]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">15.9</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490240FB07E00F" box="[1213,1271,1089,1111]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">14.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0240FABCE00F" box="[1323,1356,1089,1111]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B026BFABCE0D8" box="[159,1356,1130,1152]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B026BFDA3E0D8" box="[159,595,1130,1152]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Pelvic-fin origin to anal-fin origin</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD16026BFCB0E0D8" box="[738,832,1130,1152]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">15.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC86026BFC7BE0D8" box="[882,907,1130,1152]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC14026BFBFCE0D8" box="[992,1036,1130,1152]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">13.6</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB026BFB8DE0D8" box="[1103,1149,1130,1152]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">15.9</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB49026BFB07E0D8" box="[1213,1271,1130,1152]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">14.9</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF026BFABCE0D8" box="[1323,1356,1130,1152]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0295FABCE0F2" box="[159,1356,1172,1194]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0295FDA3E0F2" box="[159,595,1172,1194]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Dorsal-fin base length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160295FCB0E0F2" box="[738,832,1172,1194]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">11.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860295FC7BE0F2" box="[882,907,1172,1194]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140295FBFCE0F2" box="[992,1036,1172,1194]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">10.1</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0295FB8DE0F2" box="[1103,1149,1172,1194]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">13.4</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490295FB07E0F2" box="[1213,1271,1172,1194]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">11.9</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0295FABCE0F2" box="[1323,1356,1172,1194]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B02BCFABCE08B" box="[159,1356,1213,1235]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B02BCFDA3E08B" box="[159,595,1213,1235]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Dorsal-fin length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD1602BCFCB0E08B" box="[738,832,1213,1235]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">26.2</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC8602BCFC7BE08B" box="[882,907,1213,1235]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC1402BCFBFCE08B" box="[992,1036,1213,1235]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">23.6</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB02BCFB8DE08B" box="[1103,1149,1213,1235]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">29.4</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB4902BCFB07E08B" box="[1213,1271,1213,1235]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">27.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF02BCFABCE08B" box="[1323,1356,1213,1235]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B02E7FABCE0A4" box="[159,1356,1254,1276]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B02E7FDA3E0A4" box="[159,595,1254,1276]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Dorsal-fin origin to caudal-fin origin</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD1602E7FCB0E0A4" box="[738,832,1254,1276]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">50.6</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC8602E7FC7BE0A4" box="[882,907,1254,1276]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC1402E7FBFCE0A4" box="[992,1036,1254,1276]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">49.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB02E7FB8DE0A4" box="[1103,1149,1254,1276]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">55.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB4902E7FB07E0A4" box="[1213,1271,1254,1276]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">52.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF02E7FABCE0A4" box="[1323,1356,1254,1276]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0311FABCE17E" box="[159,1356,1296,1318]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0311FDA3E17E" box="[159,595,1296,1318]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Anal-fin base length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160311FCB0E17E" box="[738,832,1296,1318]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">31.1</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860311FC7BE17E" box="[882,907,1296,1318]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140311FBFCE17E" box="[992,1036,1296,1318]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">28.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0311FB8DE17E" box="[1103,1149,1296,1318]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">32.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490311FB07E17E" box="[1213,1271,1296,1318]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">30.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0311FABCE17E" box="[1323,1356,1296,1318]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0338FABCE117" box="[159,1356,1337,1359]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0338FDA3E117" box="[159,595,1337,1359]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Anal-fin length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160338FCB0E117" box="[738,832,1337,1359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">19.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860338FC7BE117" box="[882,907,1337,1359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140338FBFCE117" box="[992,1036,1337,1359]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">18.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0338FB8DE117" box="[1103,1149,1337,1359]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">22.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490338FB07E117" box="[1213,1271,1337,1359]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">20.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0338FABCE117" box="[1323,1356,1337,1359]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0363FABCE120" box="[159,1356,1378,1400]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0363FDA3E120" box="[159,595,1378,1400]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Posterior margin of eye to dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160363FCB0E120" box="[738,832,1378,1400]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">34.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860363FC7BE120" box="[882,907,1378,1400]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140363FBFCE120" box="[992,1036,1378,1400]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">33.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0363FB8DE120" box="[1103,1149,1378,1400]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">37.4</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490363FB07E120" box="[1213,1271,1378,1400]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">35.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0363FABCE120" box="[1323,1356,1378,1400]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B038DFABCE1FA" box="[159,1356,1420,1442]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B038DFDA3E1FA" box="[159,595,1420,1442]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Head length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD16038DFCB0E1FA" box="[738,832,1420,1442]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">26.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC86038DFC7BE1FA" box="[882,907,1420,1442]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC14038DFBFCE1FA" box="[992,1036,1420,1442]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">26.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB038DFB8DE1FA" box="[1103,1149,1420,1442]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">29.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB49038DFB07E1FA" box="[1213,1271,1420,1442]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">27.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF038DFABCE1FA" box="[1323,1356,1420,1442]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B03B4FABCE193" box="[159,1356,1461,1483]" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B03B4FABCE193" box="[159,1356,1461,1483]" colspan="7" colspanRight="6" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFF6B03B4FE5AE193" bold="true" box="[159,426,1461,1483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Percents of Head Length</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B03DFFABCE1AC" box="[159,1356,1502,1524]" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B03DFFDA3E1AC" box="[159,595,1502,1524]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Horizontal eye length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD1603DFFCB0E1AC" box="[738,832,1502,1524]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">36.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC8603DFFC7BE1AC" box="[882,907,1502,1524]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC1403DFFBFCE1AC" box="[992,1036,1502,1524]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">35.7</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB03DFFB8DE1AC" box="[1103,1149,1502,1524]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">39.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB4903DFFB07E1AC" box="[1213,1271,1502,1524]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">37.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF03DFFABCE1AC" box="[1323,1356,1502,1524]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0009FABCE246" box="[159,1356,1544,1566]" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0009FDA3E246" box="[159,595,1544,1566]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Snout length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160009FCB0E246" box="[738,832,1544,1566]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">34.2</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860009FC7BE246" box="[882,907,1544,1566]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140009FBFCE246" box="[992,1036,1544,1566]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">27.3</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0009FB8DE246" box="[1103,1149,1544,1566]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">34.5</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490009FB07E246" box="[1213,1271,1544,1566]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">31.2</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0009FABCE246" box="[1323,1356,1544,1566]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B0030FABCE21F" box="[159,1356,1585,1607]" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B0030FDA3E21F" box="[159,595,1585,1607]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Least interorbital width</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD160030FCB0E21F" box="[738,832,1585,1607]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">31.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC860030FC7BE21F" box="[882,907,1585,1607]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC140030FBFCE21F" box="[992,1036,1585,1607]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">28.9</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB0030FB8DE21F" box="[1103,1149,1585,1607]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">33.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB490030FB07E21F" box="[1213,1271,1585,1607]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">30.8</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF0030FABCE21F" box="[1323,1356,1585,1607]" gridcol="6" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BEE457F374D9C2FF6B005BFABCE228" box="[159,1356,1626,1648]" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
<th id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FF6B005BFDA3E228" box="[159,595,1626,1648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Upper jaw length</th>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FD16005BFCB0E228" box="[738,832,1626,1648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">35.4</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC86005BFC7BE228" box="[882,907,1626,1648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">21</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FC14005BFBFCE228" box="[992,1036,1626,1648]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">31.4</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FBBB005BFB8DE228" box="[1103,1149,1626,1648]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">36.1</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FB49005BFB07E228" box="[1213,1271,1626,1648]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">34.0</td>
<td id="2B6F8D2BF374D9C2FADF005BFABCE228" box="[1323,1356,1626,1648]" gridcol="6" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">1.5</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D631E615F374263EFF3300B4FC75E34E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1717,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
Pseudotympanum present, roughly oval, bordered dorsally by
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFC7B00B4FB70E296" box="[911,1152,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">lateralis superficialis</emphasis>
muscle, antero-ventrally by
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFF4A00D8FE6CE2A9" box="[190,412,1753,1778]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">obliquus superioris</emphasis>
muscle, postero-ventrally by
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFD0F00D8FC3EE2AA" box="[763,974,1753,1778]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">obliquus inferioris</emphasis>
muscle, posteriorly by anterior face of second pleural rib, postero-dorsally by
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F374263EFDB900FCFCD6E34D" box="[589,806,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">obliquus superioris</emphasis>
muscle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D631E615F374263EFF330120FE14E3B6" blockId="3.[151,1437,1717,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">
Mouth terminal, opening at horizontal line through ventral border of eye pupil. Anterior and posterior nostrils separated by narrow skin fold (see similar condition in
<bibRefCitation id="B21F9BE4F374263EFCEA0147FC50E306" author="Gery, J." box="[798,928,1862,1886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="329" pagination="81 - 137" refId="ref5593" refString="Gery, J. (1973) New and little-known Aphyoditeina (Pisces, Characoidei) from the Amazon Basin. Studies on Neotropical Fauna, 8, 81 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650527309360455" type="journal article" year="1973">Géry, 1973</bibRefCitation>
; 88,
<figureCitation id="4EB5FA90F374263EFC290144FBD4E306" box="[989,1060,1861,1886]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,1156,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,1156,1755]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stream inhabited by Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus, type-locality, a tributary of Rio Curuá (A) and a tributary of Rio Treze de Maio (B), both belonging to the Rio Xingu basin, Pará State, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2624976/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="329">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Maxilla short, posteroventrally angled, posterior terminus falling short from vertical through anterior margin of eye and surpassing ventrally horizontal through ventral margin of eye. Teeth elongated, similar in shape. Premaxilla with 11(2), tricuspid teeth aligned in single row. Maxilla with 5(2) teeth with 1-3 cusps. Dentary with 15–17(2) tricuspid or conical teeth decreasing in size posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<caption id="82F1B69DF3732639FF6302ABFD94E0A5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2624972/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="330" startId="4.[151,250,1194,1216]" targetBox="[150,1436,190,1180]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="D631E615F3732639FF6302ABFD94E0A5" blockId="4.[151,1436,1194,1277]" pageId="4" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F3732639FF6302ABFEE8E098" bold="true" box="[151,280,1194,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="330">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Coloration in life of
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F3732639FDF302ABFC71E098" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" box="[519,897,1194,1216]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F3732639FDF302ABFC71E098" box="[519,897,1194,1216]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="330">Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, MZUSP 119370, paratype, 19.5 mm SL, igarapé tributary of Rio Curuá (A) and MZUSP 116046, paratype, 23.6 mm SL, tributary of Treze de Maio (B), both from Rio Curuá drainage, Rio Xingu basin, Pará State, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D631E615F3732639FF330324FB23E2A1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1317,2037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="330">
Dorsal-fin rays ii,7(1) or ii,8*(18). First unbranched dorsal-fin ray half length of second unbranched ray. First branched ray as long as second unbranched ray, subsequent branched rays gradually decreasing in size posteriorly. Dorsal-fin origin slightly anterior to mid-body standard length. First dorsal-fin pterygiophore located posterior to neural spine of 9
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(2) vertebrae. Adipose-fin origin at vertical through base of last three or four anal-fin rays. Unbranched anal-fin rays iv(2); branched anal-fin rays 17(9), 18*(10) or 19(2). First branched anal-fin ray longer, remaining rays decreasing in size posteriorly. Anal-fin with distinct anterior lobe, distal profile concave. Anal-fin origin at vertical through dorsal-fin terminus. Anteriormost anal-fin pterygiophore inserted posterior to haemal spine of 14
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(2) vertebrae. Dimorphic males with acute, retrorse hooks on posterior margin and posterior branches of anal-fin rays, posterolaterally arranged on first branched to 3
<superScript id="21FB4B5DF3732639FCAA004BFC9BE200" attach="none" box="[862,875,1610,1624]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="330">rd</superScript>
–4
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branched rays. Pectoral-fin rays i*(19), 9*(7), 10(9) or 11(2). Pectoral-fin rays reaching pelvic-fin origin. Pelvic-fin origin anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Pelvic-fin rays i,7*(19). Pelvic-fin rays with acute bony hooks in males, from unbranched ray to 5
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or 6
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branched ray. Caudal fin forked, with lobes similar in size and rounded tips. Principal caudal-fin rays 19*(18). Twelve (2) dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays and 9(1) or 10(1) ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D631E615F3732639FF330105FBD8E3D1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1317,2037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="330">Scales cycloid. Longitudinal line 36(1), 37(12) or 38*(8). Pored scales on lateral line 33(1), 36(4), 37(11) or 38*(3); predorsal scale series 4(1), 5(1), 7(1), 8(1), 9(1) or 10*(15); scale rows between lateral line to dorsal-fin origin 4*(21); scale rows between lateral line to pelvic-fin origin 3*(20) or 3.5(1); circumpeduncular scale rows 12*(21). Scales sheath over the base of anterior anal-fin rays 3*(15), 4(5) or 5(1).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D631E615F3732639FF330195FB06E3AD" blockId="4.[151,1437,1317,2037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="330">Total vertebrae 37 (2). Precaudal vertebrae 14(2), caudal vertebrae 23(2). Supraneurals 4(1) to 5 (1) with narrow bony lamellae on upper portion. Branchiostegal rays 4(2). First gill arch with 2(2) rakers on hypobranchial, 7(2) rakers on ceratobranchial, 1(2) raker on intermediate cartilage, and 3(2) rakers on epibranchial.</paragraph>
<caption id="82F1B69DF3722638FF63008BFC84E2E7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2624974/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="331" startId="5.[151,250,1674,1696]" targetBox="[153,1427,203,1633]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="D631E615F3722638FF63008BFC84E2E7" blockId="5.[151,1435,1674,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F3722638FF63008BFEE2E2F8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1674,1696]" pageId="5" pageNumber="331">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Map of central region of Brazil showing the geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F3722638FC17008BFAA7E2F8" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" box="[995,1367,1674,1696]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F3722638FC17008BFAA7E2F8" box="[995,1367,1674,1696]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="331">Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in the Rio Curuá, Rio Xingu basin, Pará State, Brazil. Type locality = blue dot.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D631E615F372263BFF3300EAFDC5E5D0" blockId="5.[151,1437,1771,2012]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,1112]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="5" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F3722638FF3300EAFE7EE35C" bold="true" box="[199,398,1771,1796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="331">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
Overall background body color beige to light yellow (
<figureCitation id="4EB5FA90F3722638FC0600EAFBC4E35C" box="[1010,1076,1771,1796]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1426,1448]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,483,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,483,1402]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus, MZUSP 123748, holotype, 23.6 mm SL (A); MZUSP 119647, paratype, 20.4 mm SL (B), both from the tributaries of Rio Curuá drainage, Rio Xingu basin, Pará, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2624970/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="331">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Guanine pigmentation absent. Large melanophores scattered on dorsal region of head and predorsal region of body. Dark chromatophores aligned along anterior border of nares and dorsal margin of maxilla. Iris with scattered melanophores, more concentrated over distal edges of eye. Presence of longitudinal dark stripe along upper margin of lower jaw. Humeral blotch absent. Oval, darkened area in humeral region due to presence of pseudotympanum. Dark and diffuse subjacent midlateral stripe on posterior region of body, extending between vertical through mid-length of dorsal-fin base to vertical through anal-fin terminus. Dark midlateral stripe more conspicuous from vertical through mid-length of anal-fin base to posterior end. Caudal-peduncle blotch rounded, not reaching dorsal and ventral margins of caudal peduncle, slightly surpassing base of middle caudal-fin rays. Dorsal-fin base with dark patch of pigmentation on its anterior margin. Dorsal fin with concentration of melanophores over first unbranched ray and base of second unbranched ray, forming a small patch of dark pigmentation, more conspicuous in life specimens. Anal-fin base with dark line extending along its length, more intensely pigmented anteriorly. Dark line along ventral margin of caudal peduncle. Dorsal, anal, pectoral, pelvic and caudal fins hyaline, with few scattered melanophores along edge of lepidotrichia. Adipose fin hyaline.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D631E615F371263BFF330795FD46E6DD" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFF330795FEACE5F5" bold="true" box="[199,348,404,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Color in life.</emphasis>
Overall dark pigmentation as described above. Body mostly translucent, slightly yellow to brown (
<figureCitation id="4EB5FA90F371263BFF6B07B6FF14E588" box="[159,228,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1194,1216]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,190,1180]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,190,1180]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Coloration in life of Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus, MZUSP 119370, paratype, 19.5 mm SL, igarapé tributary of Rio Curuá (A) and MZUSP 116046, paratype, 23.6 mm SL, tributary of Treze de Maio (B), both from Rio Curuá drainage, Rio Xingu basin, Pará State, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2624972/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Eye almost totally yellow or brown. Yellow pigmentation more intense on dorsal regions of body and base of caudal-fin lobes. Guanine pigmentation on internal tissue lining opercular apparatus and abdominal cavity. Dark pigmentation on base of dorsal-fin origin. Lateral dark stripe composed by internal pigmentation extending from posterior margin of eye, over dorsal region of opercle, continuous along vertebral column to unpigmented band anterior to caudal peduncle. Caudal peduncle blotch conspicuous. Abdominal region with internal dark pigmentation along dorsal and posterior regions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D631E615F371263BFF33048EFB4FE74C" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFF33048EFE4BE6F0" bold="true" box="[199,443,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
Bony hooks were observed on the anal- and pelvic-fin rays of two males (MZUSP 116046,
<quantity id="11764BF0F371263BFF0E04B5FE6AE694" box="[250,410,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" metricValueMax="2.35" metricValueMin="2.11" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="22.3" valueMax="23.5" valueMin="21.1">21.1-23.5 mm</quantity>
SL). In the anal-fin rays, the hooks were distributed from the last unbranched to the first four branched rays. No other sexual dimorphic feature was observed in the species, including sexual dichromatism in life, as well as no gill-gland on the first branchial arch of males (
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFC7C04FCFC36E74C" box="[904,966,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B21F9BE4F371263BFC3904FDFB43E74C" author="Oliveira, C. L. &amp; Malabarba, L. R. &amp; Burns, J. R." box="[973,1203,764,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" pagination="349 - 360" refId="ref6514" refString="Oliveira, C. L., Malabarba, L. R. &amp; Burns, J. R. (2012) Comparative morphology of gill glands in externally fertilizing and inseminating species of cheirodontine fishes, with implications on the phylogeny of the family Characidae (Actinopterygii: Characiformes). Neotropical Ichthyology, 10 (2), 349 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1679 - 62252012005000005" type="journal article" year="2012">
Oliveira
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFBC404FCFB90E74D" box="[1072,1120,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94B59EF371263BFF33051EFDA1E704" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D631E615F371263BFF33051EFDA1E704" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFF33051EFE90E760" bold="true" box="[199,352,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F371263BFE93051EFCF3E760" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" box="[359,771,799,824]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFE93051EFCF3E760" box="[359,771,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is so far known only from tributaries of the Rio Curuá, Rio Xingu basin,
<collectingRegion id="144A28F7F371263BFED90545FEAFE704" box="[301,351,836,860]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Pará</collectingRegion>
State,
<collectingCountry id="AE99A685F371263BFE5F0545FE1FE705" box="[427,495,836,861]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="4EB5FA90F371263BFE0B0545FDB3E704" box="[511,579,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1674,1696]" captionTargetBox="[153,1427,203,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1653]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Map of central region of Brazil showing the geographic distribution of Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus, in the Rio Curuá, Rio Xingu basin, Pará State, Brazil. Type locality = blue dot." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2624974/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E94B59EF371263BFF330566FBBCE000" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D631E615F371263BFF330566FAFEE7FD" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFF330566FEBEE7D8" bold="true" box="[199,334,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F371263BFDC90568FD1DE7D8" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" box="[573,749,873,896]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFDC90568FD1DE7D8" box="[573,749,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">cryptogrammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
derives from the Greek words
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFBA50568FB69E7D8" box="[1105,1177,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">crypto</emphasis>
, hidden and
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFAD80568FA64E7D8" box="[1324,1428,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">grammus</emphasis>
, line, alluding the black longitudinal stripes into the body, visible only in live specimens. An adjective.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D631E615F371263BFF3305AEFBBCE000" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFF3305AEFDD6E790" bold="true" box="[199,550,943,968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Habitat and ecological notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F371263BFDC405AEFC3FE790" authorityName="Ohara &amp; Jerep &amp; Cavallaro" authorityYear="2019" box="[560,975,943,968]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptogrammus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFDC405AEFC3FE790" box="[560,975,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from four localities, all being clear water streams with swift current,
<quantity id="11764BF0F371263BFDBA05D5FD65E7B4" box="[590,661,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 m</quantity>
wide,
<quantity id="11764BF0F371263BFD1505D5FCD9E7B4" box="[737,809,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 m</quantity>
deep and substrate composed mainly by sand and mud, running through disturbed (pastureland) areas, at altitudes ranging from
<quantity id="11764BF0F371263BFC3405F9FBCFE057" box="[960,1087,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.535" metricValueMax="2.73" metricValueMin="2.34" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" unit="m" value="253.5" valueMax="273.0" valueMin="234.0">234–273 m</quantity>
a.s.l. (
<figureCitation id="4EB5FA90F371263BFB7D05F6FB3FE048" box="[1161,1231,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,1156,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,1156,1755]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stream inhabited by Microschemobrycon cryptogrammus, type-locality, a tributary of Rio Curuá (A) and a tributary of Rio Treze de Maio (B), both belonging to the Rio Xingu basin, Pará State, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2624976/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). The new species was always captured in low abundance, amid aquatic vegetation. Other
<taxonomicName id="118E9D96F371263BFC3C021DFB5DE06D" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1915" box="[968,1197,1052,1077]" class="Actinopteri" family="Characidae" genus="Microschemobrycon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFC3C021DFB5DE06D" box="[968,1197,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Microschemobrycon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are typically found in sandy beaches, living in small shoals (
<bibRefCitation id="B21F9BE4F371263BFD5C023EFC9EE000" author="Lima, F. C. T. &amp; Sleen, P. V. D. &amp; Moreira, C." box="[680,878,1087,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" pagination="97 - 100" refId="ref6036" refString="Lima, F. C. T., Sleen, P. V. D. &amp; Moreira, C. (2017) Subfamily Aphyoditeinae-aphyoditeine tetras. In: Sleen, P. V. D &amp; Albert, J. S. (Eds.), Field guide to the fishes of the Amazon, Orinoco and Guianas. Princeton University Press, pp. 97 - 100." type="book chapter" year="2017">
<collectingRegion id="144A28F7F371263BFD5C023EFD15E000" box="[680,741,1087,1112]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">Lima</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFD180240FCECE000" box="[748,796,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">et al</emphasis>
., 2017
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B21F9BE4F371263BFC8C023EFBB4E000" author="Ohara, W. M. &amp; Lima, F. C. T. &amp; Salvador, G. N. &amp; Andrade, M. C." box="[888,1092,1087,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="332" refId="ref6355" refString="Ohara, W. M., Lima, F. C. T., Salvador, G. N. &amp; Andrade, M. C. (2017) Peixes do Rio Teles Pires: Diversidade e Guia de Identificacao. Grafica e Editora Amazonas, Goiania, 408 pp." type="book" year="2017">
Ohara
<emphasis id="E4FA3A07F371263BFC300240FC05E000" box="[964,1013,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="332">et al</emphasis>
., 2017
</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:identifier id="60640F9CAD5F7713076C616EC7B09BA4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.274756</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="06AAC1A8C78B0CE88DB49621A49EC762" type="GBIF-Dataset">f352d143-5a5b-4bcb-97f1-232fc9428207</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0DD45FDFA2625313C1FBA6A31F9A9F80" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EB868BACC6705CED84F556F680106EA3" type="Zenodo-Dep">274756</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="5E279627995EFFCB38EEFB10FBE5C236" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6214466" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611032" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6214466" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E279627995EFFCB38EEFB10FBE5C236" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E279627995EFFCB38EEFB10FBE5C236" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<subSubSection id="9E9474BA995EFFCF38EEFB10FE8CC5D2" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D6312731995EFFCF38EEFB10FCB0C5FF" blockId="1.[151,894,1211,1272]" box="[151,894,1211,1238]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="8D79905D995EFFCF38EEFB10FCB0C5FF" bold="true" box="[151,894,1211,1238]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995EFFCF38EEFB10FCB0C5FF" bold="true" box="[151,894,1211,1238]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995EFFCF38EEFB10FCD7C5FF" ID-CoL="9HM2Q" authority="Arillo, Penalver &amp; Garcia-Gimeno" authorityName="Arillo, Penalver &amp; Garcia-Gimeno" box="[151,793,1211,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995EFFCF38EEFB10FEAFC5FC" bold="true" box="[151,353,1212,1238]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Litoleptis fossilis</emphasis>
Arillo, Peñalver &amp; García-Gimeno
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC94658995EFFCF3B59FB17FCB0C5FF" box="[800,894,1211,1237]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995EFFCF38EEFB72FE8CC5D2" blockId="1.[151,894,1211,1272]" box="[151,322,1246,1272]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs 1–2; Pl. 1</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E9474BA995EFFCF38EEFA87FE17C446" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6312731995EFFCF38EEFA87FE17C446" blockId="1.[151,1436,1323,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995EFFCF38EEFA87FE55C46F" bold="true" box="[151,411,1323,1349]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Derivation of name:</emphasis>
From the Latin
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995EFFCF3A1BFA80FD79C46F" box="[610,695,1324,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995EFFCF3A1BFA80FD79C46F" box="[610,695,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">fossilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(dug out of the earth, excavated,
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995EFFCF3C2AFA80FBB0C46F" box="[1107,1150,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">etc.</emphasis>
). This is the first fossil representative of the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E9474BA995EFFCF38BFFAD4FB0EC751" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D6312731995EFFCF38BFFAD4FC30C4CA" blockId="1.[151,1436,1323,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995EFFCF38BFFAD4FE8CC4B8" bold="true" box="[198,322,1400,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<typeStatus id="09359993995EFFCF38BFFAD4FEF3C4B8" box="[198,317,1400,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
CPT-3344 housed in the Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel-Dinópolis (Teruel Province,
<collectingCountry id="AE9967A1995EFFCF396BFA0CFE92C490" box="[274,348,1440,1466]" name="Spain" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Spain</collectingCountry>
). Complete, well preserved specimen (Pl. 1, fig. 1) present in a transparent, clear piece of amber of
<date id="A23001F1995EFFCF397EFA6AFE96C4CA" box="[263,344,1478,1504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">4 x 4 x</date>
<quantity id="11768AD4995EFFCF3926FA6AFE6DC4CA" box="[351,419,1478,1504]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
into an epoxy resin preparation of
<date id="A23001F1995EFFCF3B44FA6AFC5BC4CA" box="[829,917,1478,1504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" value="1913-10-22">22 x 13</date>
x
<quantity id="11768AD4995EFFCF3BCBFA6AFC37C4CA" box="[946,1017,1478,1504]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995EFFCF38BFFA41FB0EC751" blockId="1.[151,1436,1323,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995EFFCF38BFFA41FD86C72D" bold="true" box="[198,584,1517,1543]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<typeStatus id="09359993995EFFCF38BFFA41FECAC72D" box="[198,260,1517,1543]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
locality and stratigraphy:
</emphasis>
Specimen from San Just outcrop, in the municipality of Utrillas, near the village of Escucha (Teruel Province,
<collectingCountry id="AE9967A1995EFFCF3A33F9B8FD5CC704" box="[586,658,1556,1582]" name="Spain" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Spain</collectingCountry>
). It was collected in a thin level of grey-black claystones very rich in amber, charcoal and also fusinite formed by a palaeofire, which implicates an exceptional resin production in the palaeoforests. Escucha Fm. (La Orden Member), Lower Cretaceous (Lower Albian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E9474BA995EFFCF38BFF92BFB2BC7C5" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D6312731995EFFCF38BFF92BFB2BC7C5" blockId="1.[151,1436,1323,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995EFFCF38BFF92BFE86C78B" bold="true" box="[198,328,1671,1697]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Antennal flagellomere III prolonged medially into a long, densely pubescent, unsegmented style with its basal part bulbous. Labium as long as antennae. Presence of a small spur on metathoracic tibia. R4 and R5 end in the costal margin. R4+5 and M1+2 forked at same distance from wing base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E9474BA995EFFCC38BFF957FCA4C7EA" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6312731995EFFCF38BFF957FAE3C63C" blockId="1.[151,1436,1323,2007]" box="[198,1325,1787,1814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995EFFCF38BFF957FEAFC63F" bold="true" box="[198,353,1787,1813]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Description:</emphasis>
Body length
<quantity id="11768AD4995EFFCF3A7EF950FDA1C63C" box="[519,623,1788,1814]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.17">2.17 mm</quantity>
from head frons to terminalia apex (Fig. 1 and Pl. 1, fig. 1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995EFFCC38BFF88EFC7DC2BF" blockId="1.[151,1436,1323,2007]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,859,917]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
Head. Eyes bare, large,
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long,
<quantity id="11768AD4995EFFCF3AC3F88EFCE6C616" box="[698,808,1826,1852]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
aprox. wide (estimated); dorsal and ventral facets undifferentiated (Fig. 2a and Pl. 1, fig. 2). Eyes nearly holoptic, separated only by distance less to diameter of facet. Postocciput with a dorsal line of fine setae. Ocellar triangle prominent and setulose (ocellar diameter
<quantity id="11768AD4995EFFCF38EEF83AFECDC69A" box="[151,259,1942,1968]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.07">0.07 mm</quantity>
) (Figs. 1 and 2a). Antennae
<quantity id="11768AD4995EFFCF3A2EF83AFD0CC69A" box="[599,706,1942,1968]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.38">0.38 mm</quantity>
long, with flagellomere I ovoid; flagellomere II short, nearly spherical (0.06 x 0.06 x
<quantity id="11768AD4995EFFCF39B1F811FDF3C6FD" box="[456,573,1981,2007]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
); flagellomere III prolonged medially into a long (
<quantity id="11768AD4995EFFCF3CCAF811FAE6C6FD" box="[1203,1320,1981,2007]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.30 mm</quantity>
), densely
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995DFFCC38EEFCF7FF34C259" bold="true" box="[151,250,859,883]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Figure 1</emphasis>
. Camera lucida drawing of
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995DFFCC3A4CFCF7FD3AC258" box="[565,756,859,882]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995DFFCC3A4CFCF7FD3AC258" box="[565,756,859,882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Litoleptis fossilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC94658995DFFCC3A85FCF7FC9DC258" box="[764,851,859,882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995DFFCC3B1BFCF7FC18C258" box="[866,982,859,882]" class="Insecta" family="Spaniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Spaniidae</taxonomicName>
), female
<typeStatus id="09359993995DFFCC3C44FCF7FB50C258" box="[1085,1182,859,882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(CPT-3344), in lateral habitus, from San Just amber. Arrow indicates the metathoracic tibial spur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995DFFCC38EEFF34FF2DC1D5" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
<table id="A48ED591995D003138EEFF34FA52C1D5" box="[151,1436,152,255]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
<tr id="68BE2573995D003138EEFF34FA52C198" box="[151,1436,152,178]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
<th id="2B6F4C0F995D003138EEFF34FD8BC198" box="[151,581,152,178]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">pubescent, unsegmented style (basal</th>
<th id="2B6F4C0F995D00313A35FF34FCA2C198" box="[588,876,152,178]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">part bulbous). Proboscis</th>
<th id="2B6F4C0F995D00313B0AFF34FA52C198" box="[883,1436,152,178]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">with labium thin and long, protruding as much</th>
</tr>
<tr id="68BE2573995D003138EEFF12FA52C1F2" box="[151,1436,190,216]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
<th id="2B6F4C0F995D003138EEFF12FD8BC1F2" box="[151,581,190,216]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">as antennae. Only distal part of palps</th>
<td id="2B6F4C0F995D00313A35FF12FCA2C1F2" box="[588,876,190,216]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">visible (0.02 mm width),</td>
<td id="2B6F4C0F995D00313B0AFF12FA52C1F2" box="[883,1436,190,216]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">tapered distallly, having long, distal setae (ca. 6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68BE2573995D003138EEFF49FA52C1D5" box="[151,1436,229,255]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="2B6F4C0F995D003138EEFF49FD8BC1D5" box="[151,581,229,255]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">setae).</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995DFFCC38BFFC6BFCB9C417" blockId="2.[151,1437,967,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
Thorax: Notum high and rounded (Fig. 1). Scutum with numerous setae partially arranged in rows (Pl. 1, fig. 2). Scutellum strongly acuminate in lateral view, with 4 pairs of long setae in dorsal position (Pl. 1, fig. 2). Wings elongate,
<quantity id="11768AD4995DFFCC3925FBB8FE08C504" box="[348,454,1044,1070]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.02" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="2.02">2.02 mm</quantity>
length,
<quantity id="11768AD4995DFFCC3A5CFBB8FD41C504" box="[549,655,1044,1070]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.73">0.73 mm</quantity>
width. C, R4+R5 and h veins strongly sclerotized (Fig. 2d and Pl. 1, fig. 5). R2+3 and distal part of Sc slightly sclerotized. C vein is circumambient but only strongly sclerotized up to end of R5. Stigma large, filling space between veins R1 and R2+3. (Pl.1, fig. 5). R2+3 slightly sinuous. Stem of R2+3 and R4+5 contacts R1 at level of h or slightly basally. R4+5 and M1+2 forked at same distance from wing base and near the distal margin, forming broad, short cells. R4 and R5 end in the dorsal margin. Stem of M separates cells br and bm. Discal cell absent. Vein CuA2 complete, reaching margin of wing but not meeting A1 before wing margin (they separate distally
<quantity id="11768AD4995DFFCC3B26FB50FC01C43C" box="[863,975,1276,1302]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
). Basal margin of anal lobe with long, fine setae. Halter bare, ca.
<quantity id="11768AD4995DFFCC39B6FA8FFDE7C417" box="[463,553,1315,1341]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long, having elongate knob.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995DFFCC38BFFAE6FEE4C766" blockId="2.[151,1437,967,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
Legs long and thin (Fig. 1 and Pl. 1, fig. 1). Protarsus
<quantity id="11768AD4995DFFCC3B3DFAE6FC63C44E" box="[836,941,1354,1380]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.60 mm</quantity>
length (tarsomere I 0.25, II 0.10, III 0.08, IV 0.06, V 0.09). Mesothoracic leg
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length (femur 0.48, tibia 0.59, tarsomere I 0.26, II 0.08, III 0.06, IV 0.04, V 0.06). Metathoracic leg
<quantity id="11768AD4995DFFCC3A4FFA3BFD6EC49B" box="[566,672,1431,1457]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.72">1.72 mm</quantity>
length (femur 0.63, tibia 0.59, tarsomere I 0.21, II 0.09, III 0.07, IV 0.06, V 0.07) (Fig. 1). Mesothoracic tarsomeres with at least four strong distal setae, not present in pro- and metathoracic ones. Very short tibial spur in posterior subapical position on metathoracic leg (Fig. 1). Empodium pulvilliform; pulvilli smaller than empodium (observed in left mesothoracic tarsus) (Fig. 2b and Pl. 1, fig. 4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995DFFCC38BFF9F5FCA4C7EA" blockId="2.[151,1437,967,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
Abdomen broad and short (
<quantity id="11768AD4995DFFCC3A77F9F5FDB4C759" box="[526,634,1625,1651]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.19">1.19 mm</quantity>
long including terminalia and
<quantity id="11768AD4995DFFCC3B93F9F5FB9AC759" box="[1002,1108,1625,1651]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.46">0.46 mm</quantity>
wide) with abundant setae. Genitalia with segment 1 of cercus not visible (probably short and hidden by tergum). Segment 2 of cercus elongate. Sternum 8 nearly rhombic (Fig. 2c and Pl. 1, fig. 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E9474BA995DFFCB38BFF960FDD1C324" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D6312731995DFFCD38BFF960FDD2C1F2" blockId="2.[151,1437,967,2037]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,216]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995DFFCC38BFF960FE9AC7CC" bold="true" box="[198,340,1740,1766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Discussion:</emphasis>
The new species clearly belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995DFFCC3B46F960FC7DC7CC" box="[831,947,1740,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Spaniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Spaniidae</taxonomicName>
due to the shape of the antenna and the pulvilliform empodium [it is remarkable that
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995DFFCC3AD5F95FFC70C627" author="James" box="[684,958,1779,1805]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="James, M. T. &amp; Turner, W. J. (1981) [Chapter] 33. Rhagionidae. Pp 483 - 488. In McAlpine, J. F., Peterson, B. V., Shewell, G. E., Teskey, H. J., Vockeroth, J. R. &amp; Wood, D. M. (coords.). Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Volume 1. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada. Monograph No. 27. 674 pp." type="book chapter" year="1981">James &amp; Turner (1981)</bibRefCitation>
erroneusly represented the antenna of
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995DFFCC3DFDF95FFED8C619" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995DFFCC3DFDF95FFED8C619" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">L. alaskensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as segmented]. The lack of a discal cell is typical of the genus
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995DFFCC3C49F8B6FB6BC619" box="[1072,1189,1818,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995DFFCC3C49F8B6FB6BC619" box="[1072,1189,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Litoleptis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but this feature has appeared independently in other taxa. The genus
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995DFFCC3AA7F8EDFB0CC671" authority="Schiner" authorityName="Schiner" box="[734,1218,1857,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Hilarimorphidae" genus="Hilarimorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995DFFCC3AA7F8EDFC4FC670" box="[734,897,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Hilarimorpha</emphasis>
Schiner (Hilarimorphidae)
</taxonomicName>
has a very similar wing venation (
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995DFFCC3937F8CBFE16C6AB" author="Webb" box="[334,472,1895,1921]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="Webb, D. W. (1974) A revision of the genus Hilarimorpha (Diptera: Hilarimorphidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 47 (2), 172 - 222." type="journal article" year="1974">Webb 1974</bibRefCitation>
) but the shape of the antenna and the presence of a pulvilliform empodium easily differentiates the new species. Curiously, fossil
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995DFFCC3AB4F822FC5EC682" box="[717,912,1934,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Hilarimorphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hilarimorphidae</taxonomicName>
have a well developed discal cell as well as does the extant genus
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995DFFCC39DAF819FD3DC6E4" authority="Melander, 1950" authorityName="Melander" authorityYear="1950" box="[419,755,1972,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Apystomyiidae" genus="Apystomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995DFFCC39DAF819FDE1C6E4" box="[419,559,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Apystomyia</emphasis>
Melander, 1950
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995DFFCC3B7DF818FB97C6E4" author="Grimaldi" box="[772,1113,1972,1998]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" refString="Grimaldi, D. A. &amp; Cumming, J. (1999) Brachyceran Diptera in Cretaceous ambers and Mesozoic diversification of the Eremoneura. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 239, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1999">Grimaldi &amp; Cumming 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995DFFCC3C1FF818FAE0C6E4" author="Mostovski" box="[1126,1326,1972,1998]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="Mostovski, M. B. (1999) On an interesting find of a brachycerous fly (Diptera, Brachycera) in the Jurassic of Kazakhstan. Paleontological Journal, 33 (4), 70 - 72." type="journal article" year="1999">Mostovski 1999</bibRefCitation>
). Among rhagionoids, loss of the discal cell is also a character present in one species described by
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995DFFCC3CC6F877FA95C6DF" author="Webb" box="[1215,1371,2011,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="Webb, D. W. (1969) A new and unusual species of Bolbomyia (Diptera: Rhagionidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 42 (3), 285 - 288." type="journal article" year="1969">Webb (1969)</bibRefCitation>
from New York,
<collectingCountry id="AE9967A1995CFFCD395CFF34FEA9C198" box="[293,359,152,178]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD390DFF34FC86C198" authority="Webb, 1969" authorityName="Webb" authorityYear="1969" box="[372,840,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Bolbomyiidae" genus="Bolbomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andiscalcella">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD390DFF34FD68C19B" box="[372,678,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Bolbomyia andiscalcella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995CFFCD3AD6FF34FC86C198" author="Webb" box="[687,840,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Webb, D. W. (1969) A new and unusual species of Bolbomyia (Diptera: Rhagionidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 42 (3), 285 - 288." type="journal article" year="1969">Webb, 1969</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the antenna of
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD3CF5FF34FA9AC19B" box="[1164,1364,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bolbomyiidae" genus="Bolbomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andiscalcella">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD3CF5FF34FA9AC19B" box="[1164,1364,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">B. andiscalcella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a clearly segmented antennal style.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995CFFCD38EEF93CFD75C7C7" blockId="3.[151,1436,1680,1773]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD38EEF93CFF38C782" bold="true" box="[151,246,1680,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figure 2</emphasis>
. Camera lucida drawings of
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD3A55F93DFD2CC782" box="[556,738,1681,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD3A55F93DFD2CC782" box="[556,738,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Litoleptis fossilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC94658995CFFCD3A90F93DFCF2C782" box="[745,828,1681,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD3B33F93DFC77C782" box="[842,953,1681,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Spaniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Spaniidae</taxonomicName>
), female
<typeStatus id="09359993995CFFCD3C62F93DFBB6C782" box="[1051,1144,1681,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(CPT-3344). Details of the a) head, b) distal mesotarsomere showing claws, pulvilli and the pulvilliform empodium, c) female terminalia in dorsolateral (top), lateral and ventral views, and d) wing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995CFFCA38BFF8B3FF3EC6CD" blockId="3.[151,1437,1823,2004]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,1896,2023]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
The new species is differentiated from the extant species of
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD3BB4F88CFBF5C613" box="[973,1083,1824,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD3BB4F88CFBF5C613" box="[973,1083,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Litoleptis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a small spur on metathoracic tibia. It is also easy to distinguish the new species from
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD3BBBF8EAFB97C675" box="[962,1113,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD3BBBF8EAFB97C675" box="[962,1113,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">L. alaskensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD3CE8F8EAFAEEC675" box="[1169,1312,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Hilarimorphidae" genus="Hilarimorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD3CE8F8EAFAEEC675" box="[1169,1312,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">L. orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a complete CuA vein (
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995CFFCD39C4F8C1FED9C687" author="Grimaldi" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Grimaldi, D. A. &amp; Cumming, J. (1999) Brachyceran Diptera in Cretaceous ambers and Mesozoic diversification of the Eremoneura. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 239, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1999" yearSuffix="a">
Grimaldi &amp; Cumming, 1999 erroneously figured a complete CuA vein in
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD3DFAF8C1FED9C687" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD3DFAF8C1FED9C687" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">L. alaskensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD394BF838FDC9C687" box="[306,519,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD394BF838FDC9C687" box="[306,519,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Litoleptis fossilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD3A69F83FFDBAC687" bold="true" box="[528,628,1939,1965]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC94658995CFFCD3A69F83FFDBAC687" box="[528,628,1939,1965]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995CFFCD3BE9F838FBD1C687" box="[912,1055,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995CFFCD3BE9F838FBD1C687" box="[912,1055,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">L. chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and from the two undescribed Japanese and Nepalese species (
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995CFFCD3A5BF816FD2AC6FE" author="Nagatomi" box="[546,740,1978,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Nagatomi, A. (1982) The genera of Rhagionidae (Diptera). Journal of Natural History, 16, 31 - 70." type="journal article" year="1982">Nagatomi 1982</bibRefCitation>
) by the shape of the third antennal segment. In the new
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995BFFCA38EEF8C4FF2BC6AA" bold="true" box="[151,229,1896,1920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Plate 1</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995BFFCA388DF8C5FE62C6AA" box="[244,428,1897,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995BFFCA388DF8C5FE62C6AA" box="[244,428,1897,1920]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Litoleptis fossilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC94658995BFFCA39CAF8C4FDC9C655" box="[435,519,1896,1919]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995BFFCA3A6CF8C4FD4BC655" box="[533,645,1896,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Spaniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Spaniidae</taxonomicName>
), female
<typeStatus id="09359993995BFFCA3A91F8C4FC88C655" box="[744,838,1896,1919]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(CPT-3344), from San Just amber. 1) habitus in dorsal, ventral and lateral (below) views, 2) thorax and head in dorsal view showing chaetotaxy in scutum and scutellum, 3) genitalia in dorso-lateral view, 4) distal left mesotarsomere showing claws, pulvilli and the pulvilliform empodium, and 5) wing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995AFFCB38EEFF34FE54C00C" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">species R4 and R5 end in the costal margin, while in the wing apex in all extant species whose venation is known, and R4+5 and M1+2 forked at same distance from wing base and near the distal margin, determining broad, short cells. Also, new species is separated from extant ones by having a long labium that protrudes as much as the antennae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995AFFCB38BFFE9EFB9DC059" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
The female genitalia of extant species of
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995AFFCB3AD5FE9EFCD4C061" box="[684,794,306,331]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB3AD5FE9EFCD4C061" box="[684,794,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Litoleptis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are poorly known. The genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995AFFCB3CBCFE9EFAFBC061" box="[1221,1333,306,331]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB3CBCFE9EFAFBC061" box="[1221,1333,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">L. fossilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB3D47FE9EFA55C066" bold="true" box="[1342,1435,306,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC94658995AFFCB3D47FE9EFA55C066" box="[1342,1435,306,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
seems closely related to genera
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995AFFCB3A72FEF5FD93C058" box="[523,605,345,370]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Spania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB3A72FEF5FD93C058" box="[523,605,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
<collectingCountry id="AE9967A1995AFFCB3A72FEF5FD93C058" box="[523,605,345,370]" name="Spain" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Spania</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995AFFCB3AECFEF5FB81C059" authority="Nagatomi &amp; Iwata 1976" authorityName="Nagatomi &amp; Iwata" authorityYear="1976" box="[661,1103,345,371]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Spaniopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB3AECFEF5FCDAC058" box="[661,788,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Spaniopsis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995AFFCB3B5AFEF5FB8BC059" author="Nagatomi" box="[803,1093,345,371]" pageId="5" pageNumber="39" refString="Nagatomi, A. &amp; Iwata, K. (1976) Female terminalia of lower Brachycera - I (Diptera). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 26, 5 - 47." type="journal article" year="1976">Nagatomi &amp; Iwata 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6312731995AFFCB38BFFED3FDD1C324" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB38BFFED3FE4EC0B3" bold="true" box="[198,384,383,409]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Palaeoecology:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995AFFCB39FEFE2CFD83C0B3" box="[391,589,384,409]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossilis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB39FEFE2CFD83C0B3" box="[391,589,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Litoleptis fossilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB3A2CFED3FD7CC0B3" bold="true" box="[597,690,383,409]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC94658995AFFCB3A2CFED3FD7CC0B3" box="[597,690,383,409]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a long proboscis and could have been a hematophagous fly. In fact, it has a proboscis larger than the proboscis of ceratopogonids from the same outcrop (see
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995AFFCB3D6AFE0AFF19C0CD" author="Arillo" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" refString="Arillo, A., Penalver, E. &amp; Delclos, X. (2008) Microphorites (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Lower Cretaceous amber of San Just (Spain), and the co-occurrence of two ceratopogonid species in Spanish amber deposits. Zootaxa, 1920, 29 - 40." type="journal article" year="2008">
Arillo
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB3D18FE0BFA55C0EA" box="[1377,1435,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
). Blood-feeding behaviour is not common among living rhagionoids, occurring only in some
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995AFFCB3D51FE61FA55C0CD" box="[1320,1435,461,487]" class="Insecta" family="Spaniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Spaniidae</taxonomicName>
and Rhagioniinae (
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995AFFCB390DFE58FDDDC324" author="Lehane" box="[372,531,500,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="39" refString="Lehane, M. J. (2005) The biology of blood-sucking in insects. 2 nd Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 321 pp." type="book" year="2005">Lehane 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E9474BA995AFFCB38BFFDB6FBE5C236" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6312731995AFFCB38BFFDB6FBE5C236" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB38BFFDB6FE00C31E" bold="true" box="[198,462,538,564]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Palaeobiogeography:</emphasis>
Rhagionoids are among the earliest and most diverse brachycerans in the fossil record. The finding of a Cretaceous
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995AFFCB3A19FDEDFD19C370" box="[608,727,577,602]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB3A19FDEDFD19C370" box="[608,727,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Litoleptis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
proves that
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995AFFCB3B0DFDEDFC21C371" box="[884,1007,577,603]" class="Insecta" family="Spaniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Spaniidae</taxonomicName>
is an old lineage that was already separated from the rest of rhagionoids in the Cretaceous. However, its appearance in Spanish amber is quite surprising if we consider its currently known Asio-Nearctic disjunt distribution (
<bibRefCitation id="B21F5AC0995AFFCB3C27FD22FAC8C382" author="Saigusa" box="[1118,1286,654,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="39" refString="Saigusa, T. (2006) Asio-Nearctic disjunct distribution in Diptera. 6 th International Congress of Dipterology. Fukuoka, Japan. 23 - 28 September 2006. Abstracts Volume: p. 209." type="journal volume" year="2006">Saigusa 2006</bibRefCitation>
). Obviously, the genus had a wider distribution during the Mesozoic, but a more precise palaeogeographic distribution can be understood only when further fossil records are available. An undescribed specimen of
<taxonomicName id="118E5CB2995AFFCB3CC2FD70FAE7C3DF" box="[1211,1321,732,757]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Litoleptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4FAFB23995AFFCB3CC2FD70FAE7C3DF" box="[1211,1321,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Litoleptis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the late Eocene of Florissant (Colorado,
<collectingCountry id="AE9967A1995AFFCB3AC8FCAEFD23C236" box="[689,749,770,796]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">USA</collectingCountry>
) (Mostovski pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="9C5EB8121F5985378C16FFA4E3622D30" pageId="0" pageNumber="6313">Notes</paragraph>
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