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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.102.860" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fcd99ba8-3d0e-4c65-8474-3220555ba940" ID-PMC="PMC3131079" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-102-41" ID-PubMed="21747673" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-102-41" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 102" ModsDocTitle="Heteroxiphia Saini &amp; Singh (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae), a genus new to China with descriptions of two new species" checkinTime="1451250341093" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wei, Meicai &amp; Niu, Gengyun" docDate="2011" docId="5E1C367C9953D24B31520012CADE8383" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 102: 41-49" docOrigin="ZooKeys 102" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.102.860" docTitle="Heteroxiphia sinica Wei &amp; Niu, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FFACFFD84A11FF8EFFCCFFC7FF8CB411" masterDocTitle="Heteroxiphia Saini &amp; Singh (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae), a genus new to China with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="49" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1668149903087" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Heteroxiphia Saini &amp; Singh (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae), a genus new to China with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wei, Meicai</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Niu, Gengyun</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>102</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start>41</mods:start>
<mods:end>49</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.102.860</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.102.860</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-102-41</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152029544" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1C367C9953D24B31520012CADE8383" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E1C367C9953D24B31520012CADE8383" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15136759-A469-4BEB-8632-2CE1B705E3BB" authority="Wei &amp; Niu" class="Insecta" family="Xiphydriidae" genus="Heteroxiphia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroxiphia sinica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">Heteroxiphia sinica Wei &amp; Niu</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="44">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1-9
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="description. female">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Description. Female</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">(holotype, Fig. 8). Body length 11mm. Black, a long and broad stripe on inner orbit, a short stripe on lateral corner of clypeus, a large X-shaped mark on face and anterior margin of frons, malar space (Fig. 2), a broad and long stripe on hind orbit (Fig. 3), outer margin and posterior corner of pronotum, tegula, an elliptical spot on posterior part of lateral lobe of mesoscutum, a round mark on lateral side of mesoscutellum, cenchrus, lateral mark on metascutellum, a strongly curved and narrow middle stripe on first abdominal tergite, a broad transverse band on second abdominal tergite, a short band on third abdominal tergite, a minute lateral dot on 4th abdominal tergite and a long band on 8th abdominal tergite (Figs 7, 8), white; legs black, each tibia and tarsus white, 4th tarsomeres and apical half of each terminal tarsomere dark brown. Body hairs silver. Wings hyaline, stigma and veins dark brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Clypeus, face and frons with distinct longitudinal carinae and microsculpture, lateral part of frons densely punctured; vertex and upper part of hind orbit sparsely punctured; head behind eyes strongly shiny (Fig. 1); dorsal side of pronotum densely punctured, lateral lobe largely polished, shiny, bottom of furrows with a row of short carinae; dorsal side of propleuron shiny with some large punctures, ventral side of propleuron densely punctured and microsculptured; mesonotum minutely and densely punctured, lateral sides and posterior half of mesoscutellum sparsely punctured, shiny; bottom of furrows on mesonotum with a row of short carinae; metascutellum densely punctured; mesopleuron and metapleuron coarsely and densely punctured, mat, lower posterior corner glossy, impunctate; first abdominal tergite sparsely punctured, shiny; second abdominal tergite glossy, lateral side with some punctures, basal 2/3-4/5 of other tergites densely microsculptured, weakly shiny; abdominal sternites microsculptured with obscure punctures, feebly shiny; basal sheath polished, apical sheath microsculptured.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
Distance between eyes at clypeus level about 1.4 times eye height; malar space 1.3 times length of pedicel (Fig. 2); middle fovea furrow like, broad, lateral fovea punctiform; face and front distinctly above top of eyes (Figs 2, 3); interocellar furrow obscure, postocellar furrow fine, curved; POL: OOL: OCL = 5: 8: 18; vertex roundly convex (Figs 1, 3); lateral side of temple shorter than eye in dorsal view (Fig. 1); occipital carina
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="45" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
genal carina developed, close to each other near lateral corner of postocellar area; length ratio of maxillary palpomeres about 3: 7: 5, first palpomere short, slightly longer than broad, second palpomere 6 times longer than broad, distinctly broadened toward apex, third palpomere 4.3 times longer than broad, apical part strongly tapering (Fig. 5); labial palp with 3 palpomere, first palpomere slightly (1.05
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
) longer than third palpomere, third palpomere strongly enlarged, 2 times as long as second palpomere (Fig. 4). Antenna with 19 antennomeres, slightly shorter than 2 times head breadth, basal part of flagellum weakly compressed, strongly tapering toward apex (Fig. 8), length ratio of basal 5 antennomeres: 18: 7: 13: 7: 7; hairs on antennomeres quite procumbent (Fig. 6). Mesoscutellum 1.25 times as long as broad, distinctly narrowed backward and strongly protruding forward (Fig. 9); cenchrus small, CD=3.5; central part of metascutellum concave. Inner tibial spur of fore leg bifurcate at apex; metabasitarsus slightly shorter than following 4 tarsomeres together; fore and middle claw with inner tooth slightly shorter than half length of outer tooth, inner tooth of hind claw slightly shorter than 1/3 length of outer tooth. Vein Sc in forewing distinctly basal to
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="46" start="start">Rs</pageBreakToken>
, 2r curved and interstitial to 1r-m, cell 2Rs slightly shorter than 1Rs, cell 1M about 1.8 times longer than broad, first abscissa of Rs slightly longer than first abscissa of vein 1M, cu-a 1.5 times length of and interstitial to first abscissa of vein 1M; cell R1 in hind wing with a short apical stump, cell M as long as Rs, apex of anal cell acute, upper part of cu-a distinctly oblique inwards. Ovipositor sheath (distance between base of basal sheath and apex of apical sheath) about as long as hind tibia and metabasitarsus together, strongly bent ventrally (Fig. 7), apical sheath about 4 times longer than broad in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
Figures 1-9
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Xiphydriidae" genus="Heteroxiphia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroxiphia sinica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">Heteroxiphia sinica</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype 1 Head, dorsal view 2 Head, front view 3 Head, lateral view 4 Labial palp 5 Maxillary palp 6 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="st–">st-</normalizedToken>
5th antennomeres 7 Apex of abdomen, lateral view 8 Adult female, lateral view 9 Mesoscutellum
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="male">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Male.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">China (Henan Province).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">This is the first Chinese species of the genus and so it is named as sinica.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Holotype</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">♀, China: Jiyuan, Huanglianshu, 1700 m, 2000.VI.7, Wei Meicai leg.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
See the key to species for differences between
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Xiphydriidae" genus="Heteroxiphia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroxiphia sinica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">Heteroxiphia sinica</taxonomicName>
and other two species of the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="89DB65A6E44132D1737C1352459560C8" LSID="https://zoobank.org/40746ECE-38DF-4FA8-BF3D-4AFB6F400376" authority="Belokobylskij" authorityName="Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Centistoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Centistoides (Palaeoides) magnioculus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnioculus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Palaeoides">Centistoides (Palaeoides) magnioculus Belokobylskij</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46831A737615F846F7EC03755A76615B" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C03F686D3BF00FA32B58E485E47D902B" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<figureCitation id="D1FE3C3B54D0B29600DC96142E6AF73A" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Centistoides (Palaeoides) magnioculus sp. nov. (female, holotype, Danish amber, NHMD # 115540) A habitus, right dorso-lateral view B habitus, dorsal view C head and mesosoma, dorsal view D head and anterior part of mesosoma, dorso-lateral view E head, fronto-lateral view F metasoma and ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.115789.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969189" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EA13C382417753FC8C0CA687FADE1DC9" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Centistoides (Palaeoides) magnioculus sp. nov. (female, holotype, Danish amber, NHMD # 115540) A wings, head and mesosoma, dorso-lateral view B fore wing C habitus, left sublateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.115789.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969190" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D24885F00FCBB7E9705CFAC49B813BBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="253131663408B6A106BB92A608CBA82E" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="5624704201B1D0592D8B9D7FCF3FF835" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Holotype</emphasis>
: female, NHMD # 115540, with labels &quot;
<taxonomicName id="49AC67FD4C02BBF55D1BBEFB0B71746D" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="family">Braconidae</taxonomicName>
A.K. Andersen 28-3 /1968&quot; and &quot;
<taxonomicName id="DBF1A342161425E82379930BEA57FE78" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Euphorinae">Euphorinae</taxonomicName>
? huge ovipositor&quot;. Danish amber, late Eocene. Syninclusion: female of
<taxonomicName id="1B7C149655F86834CDAA7CBE4672873D" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chironomidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BFE99F027078206D624EB39911D4BE17" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="43C45923D05319634FA59F0F9696CE2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9A5CF8515D9BBFAC70DEF68F284A737" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="82EEB83EC33A56B6879F29EB3E36128A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Female.</emphasis>
Body length 3.8 mm; fore wing length 3.6 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C8CB18DB1462C0B95B6DE7A1ECD5C1B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="EAAA5B766EA215BE6B787617467A24EB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Head</emphasis>
: Head rather short; occiput distinctly concave. Eye large, glabrous, ~ 1.4 times as high as broad (sublateral view); transverse diameter of eye almost 2.0 times longer than temple (subdorsal view). Ocelli medium-sized, convex, situated almost in equilateral triangle; POL approximately 0.8 times Od, 2.0 times OOL; Od ~ 2.2 times OOL. Face weakly convex, its width ~ 0.8 times mid-height. Clypeus distinctly convex, its width ~ 2.0 times mid-height, 0.8 times width of face. Malar space ~ 0.15 times height of eye, ~ 0.7 times basal width of mandible. Malar suture absent. Mandible distinctly twisted in apical half, with two apical teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="24B1B22F22B5729ED7830EF712315E63" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B9655C9F9B96DAD1110656DDFF9BA7CA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Antenna</emphasis>
: Antenna long, almost filiform, 28-segmented, about as long as body. Scape 1.5 times longer than its maximum width, ~ 2.0 times longer than pedicel. First flagellar segment rather wide, 4.5 times longer than its maximum width, 1.2 times longer than second segment. Penultimate segment 1.5 times longer than its maximum width, 0.7 times as long as apical segment. Apical antennal segment with distinct distal spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F5477CD624C76A5835F0BB92DDE6E74" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="022B5DE2CC9B70C039CE81AA0C274D99" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Mesosoma</emphasis>
: Mesosoma 1.2 times longer than its maximum height. Neck of prothorax short. Mesoscutum anteriorly distinctly convex and weakly protruding forward, without anterolateral corners. Notauli completely absent. Prescutellar depression (scutellar sulcus) rather short, densely crenulate. Scutellum short and weakly convex. Subalar depression shallow and narrow, smooth. Propodeum strongly curvedly narrowed posteriorly (lateral view).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD8EAD90AAE35674438E6086DE61E99A" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="4B11B44F21AB0E60B5830D1FE6C09453" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Wings</emphasis>
: Fore wing wide, 2.7 times longer than its maximum width. Pterostigma wide, 3.2 times longer than its width. Radial (marginal) cell distinctly shortened, 3.2 times longer than its maximum width. Metacarp (1-R1) 0.7 times as long as pterostigma. Radial vein (r) arising weakly behind middle of pterostigma. First (r) and second (3-RS+SR1) radial abscissae forming obtuse angle; first abscissa (r) 0.4 times as long as maximum width of pterostigma. Second radial abscissa (3-RS+SR1) evenly curved, almost 9.0 times longer than first abscissa (r), 2.7 times longer than first radiomedial vein (2-RS). Recurrent vein (m-cu) distinctly antefurcal, 2.0 times longer than second abscissa of medial vein (2-SR+M), 0.6 times as long as first radiomedial vein (2-RS), 0.45 times as long as basal vein (1-M). First abscissa of medial vein (1-SR+M) weakly sinuate. Discoidal (discal) cell 1.1 times longer than its maximum width. Nervulus (cu-a) 0.8 times as long as distance (1-CU1) between basal vein (1-M) and nervulus (cu-a). Parallel vein (CU1a) distinctly curved basally. Brachial (subdiscal) cell relatively short and rather wide. Hind wing ~ 4.5 times longer than its maximum width. Submedial (subbasal) cell long and wide; first abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) ~ 4.0 times longer than second abscissa (1-M).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2E98A101C90AC8FB4AD588ADC563CC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="7785C576602E4713E898DD08BF2BCE1D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Legs</emphasis>
: Fore femur wide, ~ 3.3 times longer than its maximum width. Fore tarsus shortened; tarsal segments mainly short. Hind coxa wide and short, massive, ~ 1.3 times longer than its maximum width. Hind femur ~ 4.0 times longer than its width. Hind tibia distinctly thickened. Hind tarsus shorter than hind tibia. Claw simple.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F4295C50F30D1F6D2357BABD3CABB8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="539EE2179039D1CA8C0A19CB67BFCF4E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Metasoma</emphasis>
: Metasoma curved down posteriorly, approximately as long as head and mesosoma combined. First metasomal tergite with distinct and complete dorsal carinae, approximately as long as propodeum. Second suture perhaps absent. Subposterior sternite with pair of short ventral teeth. Ovipositor wide, compressed and distinctly curved; dorsal valve of ovipositor apically without lobe. Ovipositor sheath rather thin (ventral view), short and wide, narrowed distally, with short apical tubercle (lateral view), covered by rather long and almost erect setae; sheath 2.2 times longer than its width, ~ 0.7 times as long as first tergite.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A04BA1D6CC726CFBC0443834CD3F543D" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="13A8D505871C49D165B5F88F1F70A790" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Sculpture</emphasis>
: Body mainly smooth; sculpture of propodeum not visible, but perhaps with transverse carina.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34F329EE87863ED321F0AD4703D26F63" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="92D0C75BED222AABDB84A9091C8AAE38" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Colour</emphasis>
: Body dark brown to black. Palpi yellow. Antenna mainly black, brown basally. Legs mainly light reddish brown or reddish brown, hind tibia dark. Fore wing hyaline. Pterostigma entirely dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF0B45BC1DAB60B5D7BAA699621CAA26" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="720A545D2C69439FBDDACB3D609C9947" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AD79A26302414C89968E69A78069E156" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D5CB57ED9B2F6C898C31372813BBDA8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="267098B5EF3552AE37FA94A9DA1BBDC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
This species is named after Latin
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(large) and
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(eye), because the eyes of the new species are distinctly enlarged.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="79BCFA85C4B8E025625D8E19FED50F80" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="comparative diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A9F369D8489FD08B16F5F5F5A5A383B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Comparative diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8CCAB1CC6432620E7F58C99B2CC1F771" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
The new species differs from the type species of the genus
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<emphasis id="90D9A5BEF921D457427E286D3FDF9AEE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Centistoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="18EF45FF23B12952039D4FE4DDC9CBB1" lsidName="C. doesburgi" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="doesburgi">
<emphasis id="4BFE5B8B2502B39E4CB6F7AAA972905D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C. doesburgi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
van Achterberg, 1992, primarily by subgeneric characters. The differences between all known species of
<taxonomicName id="923D9A82B38450EFB06F5658A19DA429" authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="1992" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Centistoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Centistoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B6945F66B625B2B330E4D30D46C4146" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Centistoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are shown in the key below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

122
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<mods:title id="23E3C766193D9E08389108A18606064C">Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 3. Plumbaginaceae bis Compositae (2 nd edition): Unterfamilie _ tubuliflorae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8D0965EFB555AC3BF3EA35DAB76FCA9E">Hess, Hans Ernst</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="6105F1C6B59C5C3F5ECCD9CCF7F7DCFD" authority="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Achillea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="null" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tomentosa">
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<authorityName id="022C2A2643399E15F4ACDDBF2B306F27" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">L.</authorityName>
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<subSubSection id="DF0CC23E0F397AC296DC3F337B299D56" pageId="null" pageNumber="554" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="D218ECCF2BDC4217B471508FFD76A584" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">Filzige Schafgarbe</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</title>
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<paragraph id="CE5E16730C6273B135F56681A72C7C37" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">
Ausdauernd, mit kurz verzweigtem Rhizom und sterilen Blattrosetten; 5-30 cm hoch. Stengel aufrecht, einfach, dicht und fein wollig behaart (Haare 1-3 mm lang).
<normalizedToken id="E9BED91A577EEC39F5F7CD1D350D6B37" originalValue="Blätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
im
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4-10mal so lang wie breit, bis zum Mittelnerv fiederteilig, jederseits mit 20-40 3teiligen Abschnitten, fein und dicht wollig behaart; Zipfel (Abschnitte 2. Ordnung) 0,3-0,7 mm breit, die mittleren Zipfel der untern
<normalizedToken id="DCCAC6D6051C9FD0BA9E72ED69E5FC19" originalValue="Blätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
3
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.
<normalizedToken id="35B7662F693D318D4BEB2CBA1243499A" originalValue="Köpfe" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">Koepfe</normalizedToken>
im Durchmesser 0,5-0,7 mm, 10-50 je Stengel.
<normalizedToken id="7F8B14155A05F27D26A7F5A744E5CDC6" originalValue="Hülle" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">Huelle</normalizedToken>
3,8 bis 4,5 mm lang.
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fein und wollig behaart, hellbraun berandet.
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kahl.
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4-6,
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, ausgebreiteter Teil etwa so lang wie die
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.
<normalizedToken id="3D00F0EDC3822E77DF587D7F28C97807" originalValue="Früchte" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">Fruechte</normalizedToken>
1-1,3 mm lang. -
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:
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bis
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Herbst.
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<emphasis id="466574211937512D8AD78DABEB812058" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">Zytologische Angaben. 2n</emphasis>
=
<emphasis id="92CE47AC109E61316346E9457525E374" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">18:</emphasis>
Material aus botanischem Garten (Ehrendorfer 1953a).
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<emphasis id="436964C03C3999E25BDE404E797394A5" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">Standort.</emphasis>
Kollin und montan (selten subalpin). Trockene, lockere, kalkarme
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in warmen Lagen. Felsensteppen, Trockenrasen, Mauern, lichte
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.
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Verbreitung.
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Pflanze:
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Nord- und
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bis
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, Plateau Central, Alpen; west- und
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bis Kastilien, Murcia, Abruzzen, Euganeen. - Im Gebiet: Maurienne (?), Wallis, Aostatal, Langenseegebiet (Luino?), Vintschgau; ziemlich
<normalizedToken id="EEAE7F8263E0B054C2396A72375A6407" originalValue="häufig" pageId="null" pageNumber="554">haeufig</normalizedToken>
.
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70
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<taxonomicName authority="Smith 1853" authorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Andrena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Andrena (Melandrena) nivalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="30062" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivalis" subGenus="Melandrena">Andrena (Melandrena) nivalis Smith 1853</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="30062" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="30062">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="30062">Table 1: Sites 2, 3.</paragraph>
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</document>

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<taxonomicName authority="(L.) Torr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhododendron viscosum" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viscosum">Rhododendron viscosum (L.) Torr.</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Wet pine flatwoods (WPF-T), wet pine savannas (SPS-T, SPS-RF).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Notes</paragraph>
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Occasional. Late
<normalizedToken originalValue="May–Jul">May-Jul</normalizedToken>
;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jul–Oct">Jul-Oct</normalizedToken>
. Thornhill 225, 266, 308 (NCSC). Specimens seen in the vicinity: Sandy Run [Neck]: LeBlond 4972 (NCU; as
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhododendron viscosum var. serrulatum" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="viscosum" variety="serrulatum">Rhododendron viscosum var. serrulatum</taxonomicName>
); Sandy Run [Patterson]: Taggart SARU 596 (WNC!). [&gt;
<taxonomicName basionym-authority="(L.) Torr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhododendron viscosum var. serrulatum" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="viscosum" variety="serrulatum">Rhododendron viscosum (L.) Torr. var. serrulatum</taxonomicName>
(Small) Ahles,
<taxonomicName basionym-authority="(L.) Torr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhododendron viscosum var. viscosum" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="viscosum" variety="viscosum">Rhododendron viscosum (L.) Torr. var. viscosum</taxonomicName>
sensu RAB, Weakley; = FNA]
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<taxonomicName id="B39A931E1086A4AF566DB0CE6CF77837" ID-CoL="4MSHZ" ID-ENA="63953" LSID="5E1CD2CB-8615-DB91-C591-EAFA72F7C676" authority="LeConte, 1868" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promecognathus crassus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">Promecognathus crassus LeConte, 1868</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1353106A0DEDF4074BBF83D61509A323" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicName id="F3CDD2DFFBF2143F437BA4AC61FA7A7F" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">Promecognathus crassus</taxonomicName>
LeConte, 1868b: 62. Type locality:
<normalizedToken id="21943346AFADFAE36E5D596E732144CE" originalValue="«California»">&quot;California&quot;</normalizedToken>
(original citation), herein restricted to Monterey, Monterey County (see Casey 1913: 94, as
<taxonomicName id="94265A96CE5DD29B9735224BBC824A8A" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corpulentus">
<emphasis id="393EA16F2F390AE16718FCF28D4C3CA7" italics="true" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">Promecognathus corpulentus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Three syntypes in MCZ [# 640].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0DEB9E9AC8E1103940B5B58BA2040F72" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicName id="7222A0636A8F0EADE0A444224EB07E80" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contractus">Promecognathus contractus</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1913: 94. Type locality: &quot;Napa Co[unty], Cal[ifornia]&quot; (syntype label). One syntype in USNM [# 46872]. Synonymy established by Lindroth (1961a: 127). Note. Casey (1913: 94) cited, probably by error, the type locality as &quot;Lake Co[unty], California.&quot;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00693D6FA5DF1AD1882B11BF61BD26E1" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicName id="3BCE73F1E0961608529607DA945CCD57" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corpulentus">Promecognathus corpulentus</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1913: 94. Type locality: &quot;Monterey [Monterey County], California&quot; (original citation). Lectotype, designated by Lindroth (1975: 113), in USNM [# 46873]. Synonymy established by Lindroth (1961a: 127).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="98F76560742A201E2FD4541028B0D726" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicName id="006FD30901AE29ED9DE7B175560B9799" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Promecognathus grandiceps</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1913: 94. Type locality:
<normalizedToken id="F21D70C532EB274039A9600BC17E3800" originalValue="«California»">&quot;California&quot;</normalizedToken>
(original citation). Lectotype, designated by Lindroth (1975: 113), in USNM [# 46874]. Synonymy established by Lindroth (1961a: 127).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="00F93E2C634EFB416B9B32DCDC4DBBDC" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">
<pageBreakToken id="65B09CBD97FA270F7EFFD1099F79E865" pageId="306" pageNumber="307" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C4869AD96FCB4D57D743C859E6F5AB43" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">
This species is found along the Pacific Coast from southwestern British Columbia, including Vancouver Island (Lindroth 1961a: 128), to central California (Casey 1913: 94, as
<taxonomicName id="79CF788935AA1C8C829CEF0A2938EB1A" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="306" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corpulentus">
<emphasis id="D349F8114A3C3E8B4724C04F49F99E58" italics="true" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">Promecognathus corpulentus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EEB0CD60E692E5B81B7B1A474BAF7082" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">Records.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3BB57B4AE0F675F74D5F6DCC07FE6412" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis id="A6A97F9136DFEB726CF9CCF9B5408335" bold="true" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">CAN</emphasis>
: BC (VCI)
<emphasis id="9D066307C3B3E9A7609E21D5EE7DEC4D" bold="true" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">USA</emphasis>
: CA, OR, WA
</paragraph>
<caption id="A9627DDEFB3CA86E64A961EC3E54AA7A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30920" pageId="306" pageNumber="307" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
<paragraph id="D96450770EE1962954E3FBE99BE9145A" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis id="6244FE613EB64C13366FDE011E6FB670" bold="true" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">Figure 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E9F3B20F25CC5DEAC3358F8367EFA34B" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="306" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
<emphasis id="C963DF5C780089FD3528415CCB975220" italics="true" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">Promecognathus crassus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
LeConte. This species, along with its close relative
<taxonomicName id="D2F40CEF7F0CE58433692D2E1E587D27" baseAuthorityName="Dejean" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="306" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevissimus">
<emphasis id="CDC28AB2B9B4F74A464C9C915A0667F1" italics="true" pageId="306" pageNumber="307">Promecognathus laevissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are western coastal elements that feed on polydesmid millipedes. The adults straddle their prey, moving quickly toward the head to pierce the neck and sever the ventral nerve cord with their long mandibles, thereby preventing the millipedes from using their cyanide defense spray. Promecognathines represent a very old, relic lineage, likely originating from Pangea, represented today only in western North America and the Cape Province in South Africa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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