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<document id="AAE3CB5C717AFDDB6B633DC6E2BB1000" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5047.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540558" ID-ZooBank="1B6FD2EB-A9BF-46C7-B2A3-5DC5FC78CBF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1632983608310" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jordal, Bjarte H." docDate="2021" docId="5E1A13272E49FF9D6CADFA89047A0D77" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5047.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5047 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Diplotrichus elongatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="121" masterDocId="A2236B5F2E5DFF896C3AFFBD01650A16" masterDocTitle="An integrated taxonomic revision of Diplotrichus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) supports a Malagasy origin and single colonisation of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="121" updateTime="1699416438303" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="00234A3F16E6D393F66EDF59F2203628">An integrated taxonomic revision of Diplotrichus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) supports a Malagasy origin and single colonisation of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="39FFC93DED1478A91C777311EB8FA5A9">Jordal, Bjarte H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B0129C811B9A4DF46C6B9A826F518AC8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BF7FA9D7727B76152C108BB1C919C5BD">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BB55B770531DFAF4EB876210AD4D422F">2021-09-29</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="AFA2DE3E95286A06C8E732A1BB8A5D4A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CADFA8903060F58" box="[151,611,1332,1359]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CADFA8903060F58" blockId="20.[151,611,1332,1396]" box="[151,611,1332,1359]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<heading id="8D44155D2E49FF9D6CADFA8903060F58" bold="true" box="[151,611,1332,1359]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E49FF9D6CADFA8903060F58" authority="(Schedl, 1950)" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[151,611,1332,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADFA8903060F58" bold="true" box="[151,611,1332,1359]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADFA8900CE0F59" bold="true" box="[151,427,1332,1359]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Diplotrichus elongatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E49FF9D6D81FA89033F0F58" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[443,602,1332,1358]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" pagination="105 - 111" refId="ref13069" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1950) Fauna Madagascariensis, I. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series A, 4, 105 - 111." type="journal article" year="1950">Schedl, 1950</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CADFAE4001E0F65" box="[151,379,1369,1396]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CADFAE4001E0F65" blockId="20.[151,611,1332,1396]" box="[151,379,1369,1396]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E49FF9D6CA5FAE400160F65" box="[159,371,1369,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–79" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[207,1398,488,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-43@19.[189,1398,412,1945]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 70–79. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus robustus sp. nov. female holotype (70, 73, 76), Diplotrichus subdepressus female holotype (71, 74, 77), Diplotrichus elongatus female (72, 75, 78) and male (79)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540590/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Figs 72, 75, 78, 79</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CADFA2002570FC2" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CADFA20038D0FA3" blockId="20.[151,818,1437,1492]" box="[151,744,1437,1461]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F6A3851F2E49FF9D6CADFA20038D0FA3" box="[151,744,1437,1461]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<treatmentCitation id="571284202E49FF9D6CADFA20033D0FA3" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[151,600,1437,1461]" page="107" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" year="1950">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E49FF9D6CADFA20033D0FA3" authority="Schedl, 1950: 107" authorityName="Schedl" authorityPageNumber="107" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,600,1437,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Landolphianus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADFA2000FC0FA3" box="[151,409,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Landolphianus elongatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E49FF9D6DA4FA20033D0FA3" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[414,600,1437,1461]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" pagination="105 - 111" refId="ref13069" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1950) Fauna Madagascariensis, I. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series A, 4, 105 - 111." type="journal article" year="1950">Schedl, 1950: 107</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, orig. spelling
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CADFA0002570FC2" blockId="20.[151,818,1437,1492]" box="[151,818,1468,1492]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E49FF9D6CADFA00009B0FC2" ID-CoL="3S7Y7" authority="(Schedl, 1950)" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[151,510,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADFA0000040FC2" box="[151,353,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Lanurgus elongatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E49FF9D6D54FA0100920FC2" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[366,503,1468,1492]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" pagination="105 - 111" refId="ref13069" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1950) Fauna Madagascariensis, I. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series A, 4, 105 - 111." type="journal article" year="1950">Schedl, 1950</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, combination by
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E49FF9D6E97FA0102570FC2" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[685,818,1468,1492]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" pagination="51 - 85" refId="ref13278" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1965) Fauna Madagascariensis, VI. 232 Beitrag. Reichenbachia, Dresden, 5, 51 - 85." type="journal article" year="1965">Schedl, 1965</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CADF9BF04560C0B" box="[151,1331,1538,1565]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CADF9BF04560C0B" blockId="20.[151,1437,1538,1889]" box="[151,1331,1538,1565]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADF9BF00200C0A" bold="true" box="[151,325,1538,1564]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E49FF9D6D76F9BE04560C0B" box="[332,1331,1538,1565]" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Dr K. E. Schedl" country="Madagascar" location="Mt. des Francais" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E49FF9D6D76F9BE00DA0C0B" box="[332,447,1539,1565]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
, male:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E49FF9D6E35F9BF03FD0C0A" box="[527,664,1538,1564]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E49FF9D6E99F9BE02050C0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E49FF9D6CADFA89047A0D77:D36CF4EA2E49FF9D6E99F9BE02050C0A" box="[675,864,1538,1565]" country="Madagascar" name="Mt. des Francais" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Mt. des Francais</location>
, 17.XIII.1952,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E49FF9D6831F9BE05D30C0A" box="[1035,1206,1538,1565]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Dr K.E. Schedl</collectorName>
[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E49FF9D68FEF9BF044C0C0B" box="[1220,1321,1538,1565]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CFDF99B05110CBA" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CFDF99B05110CBA" blockId="20.[151,1437,1538,1889]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDF99B00270C56" bold="true" box="[199,322,1574,1600]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="114B0FD42E49FF9D6D9CF99B03560C57" box="[422,563,1574,1601]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 mm</quantity>
, 2.4–2.6 × long as wide; colour dark brown to black. Female frons lightly concave, with dense fringe of short setae along the dorsal edge of concavity, setae about half the length of those on scapus, impressed area with few scant setae; male frons granulated in upper half, smoother and impressed on lower half; interstrial setae on elytra short and spatulate, separated within rows by their length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CFDF90B047A0D77" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CFDF90B003C0D0E" blockId="20.[151,1437,1538,1889]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDF90B00960CC6" bold="true" box="[199,499,1718,1744]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E49FF9D6DC0F90B03E60CC6" box="[506,643,1718,1744]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Known from north and north-west of the island, breeding in lianas of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E49FF9D6CADF96603CB0CE2" box="[151,686,1754,1781]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Cryptostegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADF966009E0CE2" box="[151,507,1754,1781]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Cryptostegia madagascariensis</emphasis>
(Apocynaceae)
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E49FF9D6E85F96702370CE2" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[703,850,1754,1780]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref13305" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1977) Die Scolytidae und Platypodidae Madagaskars und einiger naheliegender Inselgruppen. Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Wien, 119, 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1977">Schedl 1977</bibRefCitation>
). New collections in Ankarafantsika were all taken from a thin liana.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CFDF89F047A0D77" blockId="20.[151,1437,1538,1889]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDF89F00030D2A" bold="true" box="[199,358,1826,1852]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">New records.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E49FF9D6D55F89F02FA0D77" collectingDate="2015-05-08" collectionCode="NHMW, GIS" collectorName="Dr K. E. Schedl &amp; Ankarafantsika N. P." country="Madagascar" latitude="-16.264" location="Mt. d'Ambre" longLatPrecision="76" longitude="46.828" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E49FF9D6D55F89F009D0D2A" box="[367,504,1826,1852]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E49FF9D6E3FF89E03FF0D2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E49FF9D6CADFA89047A0D77:D36CF4EA2E49FF9D6E3FF89E03FF0D2A" box="[517,666,1826,1853]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-16.264" longLatPrecision="76" longitude="46.828" name="Mt. d'Ambre" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Mt. d’Ambre</location>
17.XIII.1952,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E49FF9D6F7CF89E02900D2A" box="[838,1013,1826,1853]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Dr K.E. Schedl</collectorName>
[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E49FF9D683EF89E05060D2B" box="[1028,1123,1827,1853]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
, Schedl’s female ‘type’, no status]; Boeny,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E49FF9D6D79F8FB03410D77" box="[323,548,1862,1889]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Ankarafantsika N.P.</collectorName>
[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E49FF9D6E08F8FB03000D76" box="[562,613,1862,1888]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">GIS</collectionCode>
:
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E49FF9D6E4AF8FB03AD0D76" box="[624,712,1862,1888]" degrees="16.264" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" precision="55" value="-16.264">-16.264</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E49FF9D6EEEF8FB02420D77" box="[724,807,1862,1889]" degrees="46.828" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" precision="55" value="46.828">46.828</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="A20D84F12E49FF9D6F02F8FB02FA0D77" box="[824,927,1862,1889]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" value="2015-05-08">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E49FF9D6F02F8FB02FA0D77" box="[824,927,1862,1889]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" value="2015-05-08">8.V.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E49FF9D6F91F8FA047E0D77" box="[939,1307,1862,1889]" collectionCode="ZMUB" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="1">
ex liana,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E49FF9D682BF8FA051C0D76" box="[1041,1145,1862,1889]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">B. Jordal</collectorName>
, leg. [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E49FF9D6881F8FB04700D77" box="[1211,1301,1862,1889]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">ZMUB</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

129
data/5E/1A/13/5E1A13272E49FF9D6CADFD6B05F40EF5.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
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<mods:title id="FACD0F4206B2E0A4C25A5B2B5923F9BE">An integrated taxonomic revision of Diplotrichus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) supports a Malagasy origin and single colonisation of South Africa</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADFD6B00B308E7" bold="true" box="[151,470,726,753]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Diplotrichus subdepressus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADFC8200E10941" box="[151,388,831,855]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Lanurgus subdepressus</emphasis>
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, orig. spelling
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADFC3800210989" bold="true" box="[151,324,901,927]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Type material.</emphasis>
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female:
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, in zweigen [branches], 14.XIII.1952,
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, [
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDFC70002709F1" bold="true" box="[199,322,973,999]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length
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, 2.4 × long as wide; colour dark brown. Frons weakly concave (upper part on
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concealed by pronotum); scapus triangular, with tuft of setae as long as scapus and pedicel combined; pronotal summit located on posterior third; elytral disc lightly impressed in middle, striae 3–6 lightly impressed on posterior half.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDFBE000040E61" bold="true" box="[199,353,1117,1143]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E49FF9D6D5DFBE000950E61" box="[359,496,1117,1143]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDFB3C005E0E8D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1153,1179]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Remarks.</emphasis>
With only a unique
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available, this species can be difficult to distinguish from
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E49FF9D68C0FB3F040E0E8D" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1953" box="[1274,1387,1153,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D68C0FB3F040E0E8D" box="[1274,1387,1153,1179]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">D. obesus</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CADFB1B00430EA9" box="[151,294,1189,1215]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">D. elongatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E49FF9D6D0FFB1800A80ED6" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[309,461,1189,1216]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" pagination="105 - 111" refId="ref13069" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1950) Fauna Madagascariensis, I. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series A, 4, 105 - 111." type="journal article" year="1950">Schedl, 1950</bibRefCitation>
)
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. It is most readily separated from both species by the posteriorly placed summit of the pronotum, and a weak depression on the elytral disc which may or may not be a deformity.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CADFDD700CF0892" bold="true" box="[151,426,618,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Diplotrichus rugosipes</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CADFD6E000408FC" box="[151,353,723,746]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Lanurgus rugosipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E4CFF986D5DFD6E037B08FD" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[359,542,723,747]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="127 - 170" refId="ref13171" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1961) Fauna Madagascariensis, IV. 188 contribution. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series E, 12, 127 - 170." type="journal article" year="1961">Schedl, 1961: 138</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="F6A3851F2E4CFF986CADFD4F0274091F" box="[151,785,753,777]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<treatmentCitation id="571284202E4CFF986CADFD4F0372091F" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[151,535,753,777]" page="66" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" year="1965">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4CFF986CADFD4F0372091F" ID-CoL="3S7YG" authority="Schedl, 1965: 66" authorityName="Schedl" authorityPageNumber="66" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,535,753,777]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CADFD4F0006091F" box="[151,355,754,777]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Lanurgus pygmaeus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E4CFF986D53FD4C0372091F" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[361,535,753,777]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="51 - 85" refId="ref13278" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1965) Fauna Madagascariensis, VI. 232 Beitrag. Reichenbachia, Dresden, 5, 51 - 85." type="journal article" year="1965">Schedl, 1965: 66</bibRefCitation>
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, orig. spelling,
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986E89FD4C0274091F" bold="true" box="[691,785,753,777]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4CFF986CADFCAD0344093E" authority="(Schedl, 1965)" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[151,545,784,808]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CADFCAD00E6093E" box="[151,387,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Diplotrichus pygmaeus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E4CFF986DAAFCAD037C093E" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[400,537,784,808]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="51 - 85" refId="ref13278" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1965) Fauna Madagascariensis, VI. 232 Beitrag. Reichenbachia, Dresden, 5, 51 - 85." type="journal article" year="1965">Schedl, 1965</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
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in
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E4CFF986EC1FCAD02E2093E" author="Jordal, B. H." box="[763,903,784,808]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" pagination="245 - 278" refId="ref12908" refString="Jordal, B. H. (2021 b) A phylogenetic and taxonomic assessment of Afrotropical Micracidini (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) reveals a strong diversifying role for Madagascar. Organisms Diversity &amp; Evolution, 21, 245 - 278. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 021 - 00481 - 4" type="journal article" year="2021">Jordal, 2021b</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986FABFCAD028B093E" bold="true" box="[913,1006,784,808]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CADFCEB02A50983" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4CFF986CADFCEB02A50983" blockId="17.[151,1436,854,1205]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CADFCEB00230966" bold="true" box="[151,326,854,880]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E4CFF986D74FCEA05340967" box="[334,1105,854,881]" collectingDate="1951-12" collectionCode="NHMW" country="Madagascar" location="Faux-Cap" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF986D74FCEA00D60967" box="[334,435,855,881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
, female:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E4CFF986E21FCEB03C10966" box="[539,676,854,880]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E4CFF986E8BFCEB02470966" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E4CFF986CADFDD703D50EA2:D36CF4EA2E4CFF986E8BFCEB02470966" box="[689,802,854,880]" country="Madagascar" name="Faux-Cap" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Faux-Cap</location>
,
<date id="A20D84F12E4CFF986F14FCEB02F30967" box="[814,918,854,881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" value="1951-12">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E4CFF986F14FCEB02F30967" box="[814,918,854,881]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" value="1951-12">XII.1951</collectingDate>
</date>
, A.R. [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E4CFF986FDFFCEB052F0967" box="[997,1098,854,881]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E4CFF986866FCEB02D80983" collectingDate="1952-11-28" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Dr K. E. Schedl" country="Madagascar" location="Ambila" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF986866FCEB05A20966" box="[1116,1223,854,880]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, male of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4CFF986908FCEA00620982" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986908FCEA00620982" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Lanurgus pygmaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E4CFF986D2CFCC700FA0982" box="[278,415,890,916]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E4CFF986D93FCC703650982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E4CFF986CADFDD703D50EA2:D36CF4EA2E4CFF986D93FCC703650982" box="[425,512,890,916]" country="Madagascar" name="Ambila" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Ambila</location>
,
<date id="A20D84F12E4CFF986E31FCC703E90983" box="[523,652,890,917]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" value="1952-11-28">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E4CFF986E31FCC703E90983" box="[523,652,890,917]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" value="1952-11-28">28.XI.1952</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E4CFF986EA2FCC602260982" box="[664,835,890,917]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Dr K.E. Schedl</collectorName>
[
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CFDFC2305C00E16" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4CFF986CFDFC2305C00E16" blockId="17.[151,1436,854,1205]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CFDFC23002709AE" bold="true" box="[199,322,926,952]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length 0.9–1.0 mm, 2.1–2.2 × long as wide; colour dark brown to black. Elytra granulated, rugose; interstrial setae spatulate, spaced within rows by their length. Female frons flattened, finely setose, male frons convex, glabrous; antennal club with two procurved sutures. Protibiae with two apical denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CFDFBB701960E5F" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4CFF986CFDFBB701960E5F" blockId="17.[151,1436,854,1205]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CFDFBB700040E32" bold="true" box="[199,353,1034,1060]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E4CFF986D52FBB700940E32" box="[360,497,1034,1060]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF986DC1FBB603580E33" box="[507,573,1035,1061]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Types</typeStatus>
of the two described species are from the south and south-eastern part of the country.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CFDFBEF03D50EA2" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4CFF986CFDFBEF03D50EA2" blockId="17.[151,1436,854,1205]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CFDFBEF005E0E7A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1106,1132]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Remarks.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF986D4CFBEE00C30E7B" box="[374,422,1107,1133]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4CFF986DF4FBEE03040E7A" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1965" box="[462,609,1107,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986DF4FBEE03040E7A" box="[462,609,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">D. pygmaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is poorly preserved, covered partly in glue. Body proportions and shape, tibiae, and cuticular structures of pronotum and elytra are identical to
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4CFF986F85FBCA05340E86" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1961" box="[959,1105,1143,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosipes">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986F85FBCA05340E86" box="[959,1105,1143,1168]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">D. rugosipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Differences observed in the frons are inferred as typical sexual dimorphism.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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165
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<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4CFF986CADFABB03700F36" authority="Jordal" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,533,1286,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CADFABB00DF0F37" bold="true" box="[151,442,1286,1313]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Diplotrichus granulatus</emphasis>
Jordal
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,
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CADFA08002D0FD9" bold="true" box="[151,328,1461,1487]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E4CFF986D68FA0800210FE2" collectingDate="2015-05-07" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="Ankarafantsika NP" country="Madagascar" elevation="200" latitude="-16.264" location="Madagascar" longLatPrecision="76" longitude="46.828" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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, Boeny,
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,
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<elevation id="5D9E45022E4CFF986FD3FA0805560FD9" box="[1001,1075,1461,1487]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt. [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E4CFF986848FA0805C00FD9" box="[1138,1189,1461,1487]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">GIS</collectionCode>
:
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E4CFF986889FA08046E0FD9" box="[1203,1291,1461,1487]" degrees="16.264" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" precision="55" value="-16.264">-16.264</geoCoordinate>
,
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], ex liana,
<date id="A20D84F12E4CFF986CE6FA6400210FE2" box="[220,324,1497,1524]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" value="2015-05-07">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E4CFF986CE6FA6400210FE2" box="[220,324,1497,1524]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" value="2015-05-07">7.V.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E4CFF986D77FA6400180C01" collectingDate="2015-05-08" collectingDateMax="2015-05-09" collectingDateMin="2015-05-08" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="Ankarafantsika NP" country="Madagascar" elevation="200" latitude="-16.264" location="Madagascar" longLatPrecision="76" longitude="46.828" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="allotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF986D77FA6400CA0FE5" box="[333,431,1497,1523]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
female and
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF986E03FA6403CC0FE5" box="[569,681,1497,1523]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
: same data as holotype (9); same data as
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF98684DFA6405B90FE5" box="[1143,1244,1497,1523]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, except
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<collectingDate id="B2497D192E4CFF986902FA6404F90FE2" box="[1336,1436,1497,1524]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" value="2015-05-08">8.V.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
(3) and
<date id="A20D84F12E4CFF986CD4FA4000360C0E" box="[238,339,1533,1560]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" value="2015-05-09">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E4CFF986CD4FA4000360C0E" box="[238,339,1533,1560]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" value="2015-05-09">9.V.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
(3)
</materialsCitation>
.
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<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF986DB3FA4000910C01" box="[393,500,1533,1559]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF986DC5FA40033C0C01" box="[511,601,1533,1559]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
and
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E4CFF986EB5FA4002780C01" box="[655,797,1533,1559]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">10 paratypes</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E4CFF986F7BFA4002F00C01" box="[833,917,1533,1559]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">ZMUB</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E4CFF986F9AFA4005C40C01" box="[928,1185,1533,1559]" collectionCode="NHMW" country="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" specimenCount="4" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E4CFF986F9AFA4005450C01" box="[928,1056,1533,1559]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">4 paratypes</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E4CFF98687EFA4005C40C01" box="[1092,1185,1533,1559]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CFDF99C03560C95" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CFDF99C00270C2D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1569,1595]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Posterolateral areas of the elytra distinctly granulated; male frons broadly and deeply concave, with two small pits in upper area of concavity separating a dorsal carinae and upper eyes; female frons glabrous on lower median third, finely setose around it.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CFDF93004770DB5" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4CFF986CFDF93004770DB5" blockId="17.[151,1437,1460,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CFDF93003650CB1" bold="true" box="[199,512,1677,1703]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Description, male. Length</emphasis>
<quantity id="114B0FD42E4CFF986E32F93003F70CB1" box="[520,658,1677,1703]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.6 mm</quantity>
, 2.6–2.8 × long as wide; colour brown or dark brown.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF98693EF930042C0CB1" bold="true" box="[1284,1353,1677,1703]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Frons</emphasis>
deeply and broadly concave, almost glabrous, upper margin on vertex lightly carinate, separated from upper eyes by a pair of deeper small pits. Eyes separated above by 2.0–2.2 × their width. Antennal scapus small, rounded, with scant short setae; club with two distinctly marked and strongly procurved sutures.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF98683CF944051A0D05" bold="true" box="[1030,1151,1785,1811]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Pronotum</emphasis>
without distinct summit, anterior half asperate, asperities separated by their size; posterior half weakly rugose; vestiture mainly of bristle-like setae and fewer intermixed, fine, hair-like setae.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986E81F8FC026A0D4D" bold="true" box="[699,783,1857,1883]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Elytral</emphasis>
interstriae increasingly rugose and granulated posteriorly, in posterolateral areas distinctly granulated; setae increasingly spatulate posteriorly, in rows, separated within rows by their length on declivity, on disc more spaced.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986EFEF83402570DB5" bold="true" box="[708,818,1929,1955]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Protibiae</emphasis>
with one lateral and three apical denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CFDF81003360DFD" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4CFF986CFDF81003360DFD" blockId="17.[151,1437,1460,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CFDF810002B0DD1" bold="true" box="[199,334,1965,1991]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Etymology.</emphasis>
A Latin nominative adjective meaning granulated, referring to the distinct sharp granules along the sides of the posterior third of the elytra.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4FFF9B6CFDFF2B051A0AEF" pageId="18" pageNumber="119" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4FFF9B6CFDFF2B051A0AEF" blockId="18.[151,1436,150,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4FFF9B6CFDFF2B00950AA6" bold="true" box="[199,496,150,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E4FFF9B6DCDFF2B03E50AA6" box="[503,640,150,176]" name="Madagascar" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. The species was collected several times in Ankarafantsika, a dry forest in the north-west of the country. Specimens were dissected from dead lianas
<quantity id="114B0FD42E4FFF9B6FDFFF0705520AC3" box="[997,1079,186,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="119" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 cm</quantity>
in diameter. Colonisations were dense, and brood sizes were large, but too old for a detailed study of their mating system.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

140
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4EFF9A6CADFF2A03010AA7" bold="true" box="[151,612,151,178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4EFF9A6CADFF2A009C0AA7" authority="Jordal" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,505,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4EFF9A6CADFF2A00FB0AA4" bold="true" box="[151,414,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">Diplotrichus robustus</emphasis>
Jordal
</taxonomicName>
,
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4EFF9A6CADFF0602120B01" pageId="19" pageNumber="120" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4EFF9A6CADFF0600340AC0" blockId="19.[151,612,151,214]" box="[151,337,187,214]" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">
(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E4EFF9A6CA5FF06002C0AC0" box="[159,329,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–79" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[207,1398,488,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-43@19.[189,1398,412,1945]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 70–79. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus robustus sp. nov. female holotype (70, 73, 76), Diplotrichus subdepressus female holotype (71, 74, 77), Diplotrichus elongatus female (72, 75, 78) and male (79)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540590/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">Figs 70, 73, 76</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4EFF9A6CADFEFB019D0B92" blockId="19.[151,1436,325,388]" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4EFF9A6CADFEFB00250B49" bold="true" box="[151,320,325,352]" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">Type material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E4EFF9A6D6AFEFB019D0B92" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Sud Fereis Nord F Dauphin" country="Madagascar" location="Madagascar" pageId="19" pageNumber="120" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4EFF9A6D6AFEFB00DE0B76" box="[336,443,326,352]" pageId="19" pageNumber="120" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, female:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E4EFF9A6E1FFEFB03CB0B76" box="[549,686,326,352]" name="Madagascar" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E4EFF9A6E86FEFB02990B76" box="[700,1020,326,352]" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">Sud Fereis Nord F Dauphin</collectorName>
, Allaud, 1900 [16]. HT deposited in
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="82CCF2B92E4EFF9A6CADF80D05FE0DFB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540590" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540590/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="120" startId="19.[151,264,1968,1992]" targetBox="[207,1398,488,1945]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4EFF9A6CADF80D05FE0DFB" blockId="19.[151,1436,1968,2029]" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4EFF9A6CADF80D00300DDF" bold="true" box="[151,341,1968,1993]" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">FIGURES 70–79.</emphasis>
Dorsal, lateral, and front view of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4EFF9A6E8BF80C02EA0DDF" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[689,911,1969,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4EFF9A6E8BF80C02EA0DDF" box="[689,911,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">Diplotrichus robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E4EFF9A6FACF80C02800DDE" box="[918,997,1969,1992]" pageId="19" pageNumber="120" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
female holotype (70, 73, 76),
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4EFF9A6926F80C00780DFB" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdepressus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4EFF9A6926F80C00780DFB" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">Diplotrichus subdepressus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female holotype (71, 74, 77),
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4EFF9A6E6BF868025F0DFB" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[593,826,2005,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4EFF9A6E6BF868025F0DFB" box="[593,826,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="120">Diplotrichus elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (72, 75, 78) and male (79).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CFDFF2B00270AEE" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDFF2B00270AA6" bold="true" box="[199,322,150,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Stout species; female frons concave with dense brush of short setae along the dorsal margin of concavity; pronotum as broad as long, anterior margin broadly rounded; interstrial setae short and spatulate, separated by their length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CFDFEBF0469080E" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CFDFEBF0469080E" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDFEBF03720B0A" bold="true" box="[199,535,258,284]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Description, female. Length</emphasis>
<quantity id="114B0FD42E49FF9D6E25FEBF031C0B0B" box="[543,633,258,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
, 2.2 × long as wide; colour dark reddish brown.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6890FEBF058A0B0A" bold="true" box="[1194,1263,258,284]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Frons</emphasis>
concave, short projecting setae along dorsal margin of concavity, setae as long as width of club; other setae in impressed are much shorter, scant. Eyes separated above by 3.3 × their width. Antennal scapus short, triangular; club as broad as long, basal suture slightly recurved, apical suture strongly procurved, segment between the two sutures large and corneous, shiny.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6D29FE2F00E90BBA" bold="true" box="[275,396,402,428]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Pronotum</emphasis>
as broad as long, broadly rounded in front; summit distinct, strongly asperate on anterior half, rugose on posterior half; vestiture of scant hair-like setae, denser and longer on anterior half.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D68F5FE0B04460BC6" bold="true" box="[1231,1315,438,464]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Elytral</emphasis>
interstriae increasingly but finely granulated posteriorly, setae very short, spatulate, occasionally truncated, separated within uniseriate rows by slightly more than their length.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6EF7FE43025E080E" bold="true" box="[717,827,510,536]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Protibiae</emphasis>
with one lateral and two apical denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CFDFD9F02630876" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="etymology">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDFD9F002B082A" bold="true" box="[199,334,546,572]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Etymology.</emphasis>
A Latin nominative adjective meaning robust, referring to the stout body shape. This is a manuscript name coined by Schedl, but was never published.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E49FF9D6CFDFDD7042B0893" box="[199,1358,618,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E49FF9D6CFDFDD7042B0893" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[199,1358,618,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E49FF9D6CFDFDD700940892" bold="true" box="[199,497,618,644]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E49FF9D6DC2FDD703E40892" box="[504,641,618,644]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Only known from the
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locality in Tolanaro (Fort Dauphin).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

172
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4FFF9B6CADFA0000E20FCE" bold="true" box="[151,391,1469,1496]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Diplotrichus obesus</emphasis>
(Shedl, 1953)
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4FFF9B6CADF99800310C28" box="[151,340,1572,1598]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Lanurgus obesus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E4FFF9B6D66F999037E0C28" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[348,539,1572,1599]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119" pagination="67 - 106" refId="ref13099" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1953) Fauna Madagascariensis, III. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series E, 8, 67 - 106." type="journal article" year="1953">Schedl, 1953: 87</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, orig. spelling
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4FFF9B6CADF9DA046C0C97" blockId="18.[151,1437,1638,2026]" box="[151,1289,1638,1666]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4FFF9B6CADF9DA00200C96" bold="true" box="[151,325,1638,1665]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E4FFF9B6D76F9DA046C0C97" box="[332,1289,1638,1666]" collectingDate="1952-12-09" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Dr. K. E. Schedl" country="Madagascar" location="Mt. d'Ambre" pageId="18" pageNumber="119" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4FFF9B6D76F9DA00D20C97" box="[332,439,1639,1665]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, female:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E4FFF9B6E27F9DA03C30C97" box="[541,678,1639,1665]" name="Madagascar" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
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,
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,
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[
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].
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</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4FFF9B6CFDF93700270CB2" bold="true" box="[199,322,1674,1700]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length
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, 2.5–2.6 × long as wide; colour dark brown. Female frons concave, with a broad, dense dorsal fringe of setae forming a crest from antennal insertion to vertex, finely setose in impressed area; antennal scapus with broad brush of soft setae about as long as in the frontal crest; most elytral interstriae with single but slightly irregular rows of narrowly spatulate setae, slightly confused on interstriae 1 and posterior part of interstriae 9.
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4FFF9B6CFDF88305C10DFF" pageId="18" pageNumber="119" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4FFF9B6CFDF883031E0D6B" blockId="18.[151,1437,1638,2026]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4FFF9B6CFDF88300040D4E" bold="true" box="[199,353,1854,1880]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E4FFF9B6D52F88200940D4F" box="[360,497,1855,1881]" name="Madagascar" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. This species is found across the entire island, from low and dry to higher and more moist altitudes. All records are from lianas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4FFF9B6CFDF83A05C10DFF" blockId="18.[151,1437,1638,2026]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4FFF9B6CFDF83A00020DB7" bold="true" box="[199,359,1927,1953]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">New records.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E4FFF9B6D4BF83A05FA0DFF" collectingDate="2011-11-17" collectingDateMax="2013-01-14" collectingDateMin="2011-11-17" collectionCode="GIS, NHMUK" collectorName="M. Tryzna &amp; Ranomafana NP" country="Madagascar" county="Ambohitantely Special Reserve" elevation="1530" latitude="-21.253" location="Mahafaly" longLatPrecision="75" longitude="47.421" municipality="Beana" pageId="18" pageNumber="119" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E4FFF9B6D4BF83A009F0DB7" box="[369,506,1927,1953]" name="Madagascar" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
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plateau,
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nr.
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</date>
,
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;
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,
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, [
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],
<date id="A20D84F12E4FFF9B6845F816059B0DD3" box="[1151,1278,1963,1989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119" value="2011-11-24">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E4FFF9B6845F816059B0DD3" box="[1151,1278,1963,1989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119" value="2011-11-24">24.11.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="0FF2DA262E4FFF9B6933F81604140DD3" box="[1289,1393,1963,1989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">light trap</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E4FFF9B6946F816018C0DFF" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">M. Tryzna</collectorName>
;
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E4FFF9B6CCEF87200C80DFF" box="[244,429,1999,2025]" pageId="18" pageNumber="119">Ranomafana NP</collectorName>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CADFCC200D1098C" bold="true" box="[151,436,895,922]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Diplotrichus pulchellus</emphasis>
Jordal
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CADFB9400210E55" bold="true" box="[151,324,1065,1091]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Type material.</emphasis>
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, female:
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SE
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, BLF3130,
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CFDFBCC00270E9D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1137,1163]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Female frons with broad golden tuft of setae arising between inner eye margin to vertex, tips reaching level of antennal insertion; anterior margin of pronotum with a low irregular row of raised teeth; elytral apex very lightly inflated.
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, 2.8 × as long as wide; colour brown.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846807FB6005E70EE1" bold="true" box="[1085,1154,1245,1271]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Frons</emphasis>
lightly concave, surface finely setose, largely covered by a broad tuft of golden setae with a median split, setae arising from inner margin of eyes to vertex, with tips reaching level of antennal insertion. Eyes separated above by 2.1 × their width. Antennal scapus triangular, with dense tuft of soft setae as long as scapus; club with two distinctly marked and strongly procurved sutures.
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strongly asperate on anterior half, near anterior margin with a low irregular row of subcontiguous teeth or granules, smooth to lightly rugose behind summit; vestiture consisting of scattered small bristle- and hair-like setae.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846DEEFA08034D0FD9" bold="true" box="[468,552,1461,1487]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Elytral</emphasis>
interstriae with densely placed spatulate setae in rows, striae not impressed, punctures obscure; elytral apex slightly inflated, posterolateral margin lightly granulated.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF8468BFFA6405960FE5" bold="true" box="[1157,1267,1497,1523]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Protibiae</emphasis>
with three low apical tubercles (denticles not apparent).
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CFDF99C002B0C2D" bold="true" box="[199,334,1569,1595]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Etymology.</emphasis>
A Latin nominative adjective meaning pretty, referring to the adorned female frons.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CFDF9F800910C49" bold="true" box="[199,500,1605,1631]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Distribution and Biology.</emphasis>
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locality, collected in a Malaise trap.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CFDF9D4005E0C95" bold="true" box="[199,315,1641,1667]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species has all of same essential characteristics as in
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E50FF846FDDF9D705380C95" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[999,1117,1642,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutior">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846FDDF9D705380C95" box="[999,1117,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">D. acutior</emphasis>
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, but the elytral apex is less pointed, the raised crest near the anterior margin of the pronotum is lower and less regular, and the female frons has a shorter and much less voluminous tuft of setae.
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<mods:classification id="F98F73AAB981FE10F5AD14DC4ED4DC26">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2022D1577B522E21A96B48F0CB28E9E2" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5047.2.1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E50FF846CADF8AF03040D3A" blockId="13.[151,609,1810,1873]" box="[151,609,1810,1837]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="8D44155D2E50FF846CADF8AF03040D3A" bold="true" box="[151,609,1810,1837]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E50FF846CADF8AF03040D3A" authority="(Schedl, 1953)" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[151,609,1810,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catenatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CADF8AF03040D3A" bold="true" box="[151,609,1810,1837]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CADF8AF00CF0D3B" bold="true" box="[151,426,1810,1837]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Diplotrichus catenatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E50FF846D83F8AF033C0D3A" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[441,601,1810,1836]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" pagination="67 - 106" refId="ref13099" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1953) Fauna Madagascariensis, III. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series E, 8, 67 - 106." type="journal article" year="1953">Schedl, 1953</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E50FF846CADF88B001E0D47" box="[151,379,1846,1873]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E50FF846CADF88B001E0D47" blockId="13.[151,609,1810,1873]" box="[151,379,1846,1873]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E50FF846CA5F88B00160D47" box="[159,371,1846,1873]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1837,1861]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-22@14.[165,1423,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus catenatus female (43, 46, 49) and male (50), Diplotrichus euphorbiae male paratype (44, 47, 51), Diplotrichus plenus sp. nov. male holotype (45, 48, 52)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540580/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Figs 43, 46, 49, 50</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E50FF846CA4F8C602250DA7" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E50FF846CA4F8C603D90D85" blockId="13.[158,832,1914,1969]" box="[158,700,1914,1939]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F6A3851F2E50FF846CA4F8C603D90D85" box="[158,700,1914,1939]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<treatmentCitation id="571284202E50FF846CA4F8C6034E0D85" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[158,555,1914,1939]" page="86" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" year="1953">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E50FF846CA4F8C6034E0D85" authority="Schedl, 1953: 86" authorityName="Schedl" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1953" box="[158,555,1914,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Micraciops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catenatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CA4F8C6001D0D84" box="[158,376,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Micraciops catenatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E50FF846D45F8C6034E0D85" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[383,555,1914,1939]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" pagination="67 - 106" refId="ref13099" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1953) Fauna Madagascariensis, III. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series E, 8, 67 - 106." type="journal article" year="1953">Schedl, 1953: 86</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, orig. spelling
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E50FF846CA4F82702250DA7" blockId="13.[158,832,1914,1969]" box="[158,832,1945,1969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E50FF846CA4F82703660DA7" ID-CoL="3S7Y5" authority="(Schedl, 1953)" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[158,515,1945,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catenatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CA4F82700000DA7" box="[158,357,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Lanurgus catenatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E50FF846D49F82400990DA7" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[371,508,1945,1969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" pagination="67 - 106" refId="ref13099" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1953) Fauna Madagascariensis, III. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series E, 8, 67 - 106." type="journal article" year="1953">Schedl, 1953</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, combination by
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E50FF846E88F82402250DA7" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[690,832,1945,1969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" pagination="1 - 594" refId="ref13237" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1963) Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band II. Familie Scolytidae (Fortsetzung). Unterfamilie Ipinae (Fortsetzung). Revista de Entomologia de Mocambique, 5, 1 - 594." type="journal article" year="1963">Schedl (1963)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E50FF846CADF85D02D40DEC" box="[151,945,2015,2042]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E50FF846CADF85D02D40DEC" blockId="13.[151,945,2015,2042]" box="[151,945,2015,2042]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E50FF846CADF85D02C80DEC" box="[151,941,2015,2042]" collectionCode="NHMW" country="Madagascar" location="Pays d'Androy" municipality="Alluaud" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CADF85D00200DEF" bold="true" box="[151,325,2015,2042]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E50FF846CADF85D01B70DEC" box="[151,210,2016,2042]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E50FF846D76F86200B00DEF" box="[332,469,2015,2041]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E50FF846DDAF85D03EF0DEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E50FF866CADF8AF006C0BBB:D36CF4EA2E50FF846DDAF85D03EF0DEF" box="[480,650,2015,2042]" country="Madagascar" municipality="Alluaud" name="Pays d'Androy" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Pays d’Androy</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E50FF846EA9F86203950DEF" box="[659,752,2015,2041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Alluaud</collectingMunicipality>
, 1901 [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E50FF846F7BF86202C30DEC" box="[833,934,2015,2042]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="82CCF2B92E53FF876CADF89005050D7F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540580" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540580/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" startId="14.[151,264,1837,1861]" targetBox="[166,1422,181,1812]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E53FF876CADF89005050D7F" blockId="14.[151,1436,1837,1897]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E53FF876CADF89000330D53" bold="true" box="[151,342,1837,1861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">FIGURES 43–52.</emphasis>
Dorsal, lateral, and front view of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E53FF876E86F89002C00D53" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[700,933,1837,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catenatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E53FF876E86F89002C00D53" box="[700,933,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Diplotrichus catenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (43, 46, 49) and male (50),
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E53FF876926F890006F0D7F" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euphorbiae">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E53FF876926F890006F0D7F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Diplotrichus euphorbiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male paratype (44, 47, 51),
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E53FF876E13F8EC03940D7F" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[553,753,1873,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plenus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E53FF876E13F8EC03940D7F" box="[553,753,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Diplotrichus plenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E53FF876EC2F8EC02220D7E" box="[760,839,1873,1896]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
male holotype (45, 48, 52).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E53FF876CFDF82A05D00DEC" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E53FF876CFDF82A05D00DEC" blockId="14.[151,1436,1943,2042]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E53FF876CFDF82A00270DA7" bold="true" box="[199,322,1943,1969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length
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, 2.3 × as long as wide; colour black. With a characteristically deviating pattern of multiple confused rows of broadly spatulate setae which are in part semi-recumbent. Female frons with very dense brush of long golden setae and equally long tuft of setae on the inner face of the scapus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E52FF866CFDFF2B00A50B0B" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E52FF866CFDFF2B051C0AA6" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,429]" box="[199,1145,150,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CFDFF2B00040AA6" bold="true" box="[199,353,150,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E52FF866D5DFF2B00950AA6" box="[359,496,150,176]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Found manly in spiny forests of the south (
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E52FF866FE6FF2B05080AA6" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[988,1133,150,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref13305" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1977) Die Scolytidae und Platypodidae Madagaskars und einiger naheliegender Inselgruppen. Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Wien, 119, 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1977">Schedl 1977</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E52FF866CFDFF0700A50B0B" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CFDFF07000D0AC2" bold="true" box="[199,360,186,212]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">New records.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E52FF866D49FF0700990AC2" box="[371,508,186,212]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E52FF866E36FF0703120AC2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E50FF866CADF8AF006C0BBB:D36CF4EA2E52FF866E36FF0703120AC2" box="[524,631,186,212]" country="Madagascar" county="Beana" latitude="-21.253" longLatPrecision="75" longitude="47.421" municipality="Atanambao" name="Mahafaly" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Mahafaly</location>
plateau,
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nr
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, BMNH2010-29 [
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: -23.50, 44.54],
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<collectingDate id="B2497D192E52FF866CADFF6300720AEE" box="[151,279,222,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" value="2013-01-14">14.01.2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E52FF866D19FF6200FE0AEF" box="[291,411,223,249]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">M. Tryzna</collectorName>
;
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E52FF866D9FFF6303380AEF" box="[421,605,222,249]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Ranomafana NP</collectorName>
, BMNH
<quantity id="114B0FD42E52FF866E85FF6302080AEF" box="[703,877,222,249]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5984" metricValueMax="2.9958" metricValueMin="0.201" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="15984.0" valueMax="29958.0" valueMin="2010.0">
<elevation id="5D9E45022E52FF866E85FF6302080AEF" box="[703,877,222,249]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5984" metricValueMax="2.9958" metricValueMin="0.201" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="15984.0" valueMax="29958.0" valueMin="2010.0">2010-29, 958 m</elevation>
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[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E52FF866F41FF6302CB0AEE" box="[891,942,222,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">GIS</collectionCode>
:
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,
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],
<date id="A20D84F12E52FF8668BAFF63059A0AEE" box="[1152,1279,222,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" value="2011-11-17">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E52FF8668BAFF63059A0AEE" box="[1152,1279,222,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" value="2011-11-17">17.11.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="0FF2DA262E52FF866933FF6304140AEF" box="[1289,1393,222,249]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">light trap</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E52FF866946FF6201880B0B" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">M. Tryzna.</collectorName>
BMNH
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E52FF866D74FEBE00D90B0B" box="[334,444,259,285]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E52FF866CFDFE9B006C0BBB" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E52FF866CFDFE9B006C0BBB" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CFDFE9B005E0B56" bold="true" box="[199,315,294,320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Remarks.</emphasis>
This is the only species in the genus which has multiple confused rows of semirecumbent scale-like setae on some of the interstriae. Molecular data from multiple loci nevertheless place this species close to
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E52FF86697AFEF601B10B9E" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF86697AFEF601B10B9E" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">D. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866D30FED200C30B9E" box="[266,422,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">D. granulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E52FF866D8FFED3009C0B9F" box="[437,505,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[321,1265,836,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-198@5.[321,1265,833,1839]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 7. Maximum likelihood tree topology for Diplotrichus based on nucleotides from five gene fragments. Node support values from 100 bootstrap replicates are shown on branches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540564/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) and share the condition of split setae on ventrite 1 and the metaventrite typical for the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

136
data/5E/1A/13/5E1A13272E52FF866CADFC0A00BF0CD6.xml Normal file
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CADFC0A00E309C4" bold="true" box="[151,390,951,978]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Diplotrichus plenus</emphasis>
Jordal
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)
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CADFBDB002D0E96" bold="true" box="[151,328,1126,1152]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Type material.</emphasis>
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, male(?):
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NW Andranofasika
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is deposited in
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.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CFDFB1300270EDE" bold="true" box="[199,322,1198,1224]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Stout species, 2.1 × long as wide; interstrial setae short and broad, truncated, on interstriae 1 with multiple confused rows, on 2 and 3 only slightly so; interstriae 4–7 not reaching elytral apex but striae 3 on declivity.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CFDFAA703440F22" bold="true" box="[199,545,1306,1332]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Description, male(?). Length</emphasis>
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, 2.1 × long as wide; colour black.
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flattened to lightly concave, more so just above epistoma; surface rugose-reticulate, vestiture consisting of evenly distributed, short, erect setae. Eyes separated above by 3.3 × their width. Antennal scapus small, rounded, with a fine tuft of few setae as long as the antennal club; club with two transverse or weakly procurved sutures.
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broader than long, anterior half strongly asperate, posterior half smooth or finely rugose; vestiture consisting mainly of evenly distributed, coarse, spatulate setae, fewer and very fine setae intermixed.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866F31FA73023A0FFE" bold="true" box="[779,863,1486,1512]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Elytral</emphasis>
interstriae 2–8 with regular rows of very closely placed, truncated, short spatulate setae, on interstriae 1 and posterior part of 9 and 10 with multiple confused rows; interstriae 4–6 not reaching apex but terminates on striae 3 on declivity.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866FFAF9AB054B0C26" bold="true" box="[960,1070,1558,1584]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Protibiae</emphasis>
with three lateral denticles.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CFDF987002B0C42" bold="true" box="[199,334,1594,1620]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Etymology.</emphasis>
The Latin nominative adjective
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E52FF866E89F98703990C42" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[691,764,1594,1620]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plenus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866E89F98703990C42" box="[691,764,1594,1620]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">plenus</emphasis>
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means plump or filled, referring to the very stout body shape of this species.
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<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E52FF866DC3F93F03E70C8A" box="[505,642,1666,1692]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Only known from a single individual collected by a Malaise trap in the dry forest of Ankarafantsika.
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(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E52FF866CA5FDAA002C0824" box="[159,329,535,562]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–52" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1837,1861]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-22@14.[165,1423,181,1812]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 43–52. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus catenatus female (43, 46, 49) and male (50), Diplotrichus euphorbiae male paratype (44, 47, 51), Diplotrichus plenus sp. nov. male holotype (45, 48, 52)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540580/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Figs 44, 47, 51</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E52FF866CADFDE003A40862" box="[151,705,604,628]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E52FF866CADFDE003A40862" blockId="15.[151,705,604,628]" box="[151,705,604,628]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F6A3851F2E52FF866CADFDE003A40862" box="[151,705,604,628]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<treatmentCitation id="571284202E52FF866CADFDE003540862" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[151,561,604,628]" page="137" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" year="1961">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E52FF866CADFDE003540862" ID-CoL="3S7Y8" authority="Schedl, 1961: 137" authorityName="Schedl" authorityPageNumber="137" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,561,604,628]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euphorbiae">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CADFDE000140862" box="[151,369,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Lanurgus euphorbiae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E52FF866D4DFDE103540862" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[375,561,604,628]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" pagination="127 - 170" refId="ref13171" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1961) Fauna Madagascariensis, IV. 188 contribution. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series E, 12, 127 - 170." type="journal article" year="1961">Schedl, 1961: 137</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, orig. spelling
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E52FF866CADFD1F055208AB" box="[151,1079,674,701]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E52FF866CADFD1F055208AB" blockId="15.[151,1436,674,880]" box="[151,1079,674,701]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CADFD1F002008AA" bold="true" box="[151,325,674,700]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E52FF866D76FD1E055108AB" box="[332,1076,674,701]" collectingDate="1951-12" collectionCode="NHWW" country="Madagascar" location="Faux-Cap" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E52FF866D76FD1E00D408AB" box="[332,433,675,701]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
, male:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E52FF866E3BFD1F03EF08AA" box="[513,650,674,700]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E52FF866EAFFD1F026308AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E52FF866CADFE4E03490966:D36CF4EA2E52FF866EAFFD1F026308AA" box="[661,774,674,700]" country="Madagascar" name="Faux-Cap" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Faux-Cap</location>
,
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<collectingDate id="B2497D192E52FF866F28FD1F021C08AB" box="[786,889,674,701]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" value="1951-12">XII.1951</collectingDate>
</date>
, A.R. [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E52FF866FFCFD1F054908AB" box="[966,1068,674,701]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">NHWW</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E52FF866CFDFD7B025E093E" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E52FF866CFDFD7B025E093E" blockId="15.[151,1436,674,880]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CFDFD7B00EF08F6" bold="true" box="[199,394,710,736]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Diagnosis, male.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="114B0FD42E52FF866DD0FD7B032608F7" box="[490,579,710,737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, 2.1 × as long as wide; colour black. Antennal club with two transverse sutures; frons with small median tubercle on lower third; elytra appearing glabrous, interstrial setae minute, mainly on declivity, setae at or near the lateral margin longer, hair-like.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E52FF866CFDFC8F03490966" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E52FF866CFDFC8F03490966" blockId="15.[151,1436,674,880]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CFDFC8F0004095A" bold="true" box="[199,353,818,844]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E52FF866D50FC8F0096095A" box="[362,499,818,844]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Only known from the
<typeStatus id="09081C932E52FF866F38FC8E0257095B" box="[770,818,819,845]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">type</typeStatus>
locality in the very south of the island, breeding in a
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E52FF866CADFCEB006A0966" box="[151,271,854,880]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CADFCEB006A0966" box="[151,271,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Euphorbia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
succulent (
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E52FF866DB4FCEB037A0966" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[398,543,854,880]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref13305" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1977) Die Scolytidae und Platypodidae Madagaskars und einiger naheliegender Inselgruppen. Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Wien, 119, 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1977">Schedl 1977</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

150
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<mods:title id="51E8533D7E40E3F58B041D4C2BB94EF6">An integrated taxonomic revision of Diplotrichus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) supports a Malagasy origin and single colonisation of South Africa</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CADF8BA03F60D34" bold="true" box="[151,659,1799,1826]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E52FF866CADF8BA034D0D34" authority="Jordal" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,552,1799,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CADF8BA00AB0D34" bold="true" box="[151,462,1799,1826]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Diplotrichus tuberculatus</emphasis>
Jordal
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E52FF866E0FF8B503F60D34" box="[565,659,1800,1826]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E52FF866CADF896021B0D9E" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E52FF866CADF89600340D50" blockId="15.[151,659,1799,1862]" box="[151,337,1835,1862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E52FF866CA5F896002C0D50" box="[159,329,1835,1862]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–61" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,255,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-22@16.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 53–61. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus tuberculatus sp. nov. holotype (43, 46, 49), Diplotrichus rugosipes female paratype (54, 57, 60), Diplotrichus pygmaeus male holotype (55, 58, 61)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540584/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Figs 53, 56, 59</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<uri id="A222AE332E52FF866CADF8CD021B0D9E" box="[151,894,1904,1928]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</uri>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E52FF866CADF80B03B90DE2" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E52FF866CADF80B03B90DE2" blockId="15.[151,1436,1974,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E52FF866CADF80B00200DC6" bold="true" box="[151,325,1974,2000]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E52FF866D71F80B00190DE2" collectorName="B. Fischer" country="Madagascar" location="Mahafaly Plateau" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E52FF866D71F80B00D60DC6" box="[331,435,1974,2000]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(male?):
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E52FF866E24F80B03C20DC6" box="[542,679,1974,2000]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E52FF866E88F80B021C0DC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E52FF986CADF8BA03B5080E:D36CF4EA2E52FF866E88F80B021C0DC6" box="[690,889,1974,2000]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahafaly Plateau" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Mahafaly Plateau</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="C7BEBB132E52FF866FBEF80B05180DC6" box="[900,1149,1974,2001]" location="Itampolo" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<quantity id="114B0FD42E52FF866FBEF80B02B70DC6" box="[900,978,1974,2000]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" unit="km" value="6.2">6.2 km</quantity>
ENE Itampolo
</locationDeviation>
, ex sifted litter BLF5758,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E52FF866CADF86600690DE2" box="[151,268,2010,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">B. Fischer</collectorName>
, leg 2002
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E52FF866DBCF86703BD0DE2" box="[390,728,2010,2036]" collectionCode="CAS" country="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E52FF866DBCF867008B0DE2" box="[390,494,2010,2036]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
is deposited in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E52FF866EA4F86703BD0DE2" box="[670,728,2010,2036]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="82CCF2B92E4DFF996CADF880057E0D6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540584" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540584/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" startId="16.[151,264,1853,1877]" targetBox="[152,1435,255,1829]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4DFF996CADF880057E0D6F" blockId="16.[151,1436,1853,1914]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4DFF996CADF88000300D43" bold="true" box="[151,341,1853,1877]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">FIGURES 53–61.</emphasis>
Dorsal, lateral, and front view of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4DFF996E8BF88002D30D43" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[689,950,1853,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4DFF996E8BF88002D30D43" box="[689,950,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Diplotrichus tuberculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E4DFF996F86F88305690D43" box="[956,1036,1854,1877]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (43, 46, 49),
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4DFF9968CCF88001860D6F" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosipes">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4DFF9968CCF88001860D6F" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Diplotrichus rugosipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female paratype (54, 57, 60),
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E4DFF996E2FF8DC02640D6F" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[533,769,1889,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4DFF996E2FF8DC02640D6F" box="[533,769,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Diplotrichus pygmaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male holotype (55, 58, 61).
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4DFF996CFDF81A00BD0DF3" blockId="16.[151,1436,1959,2022]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4DFF996CFDF81A00270DD7" bold="true" box="[199,322,1959,1985]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Pronotum broadly rounded in front; elytral interstriae with coarse granules or tubercles, interstrial setae erect, hair-like bristles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CFDFF2B03C20B9E" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4CFF986CFDFF2B03C20B9E" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CFDFF2B036E0AA6" bold="true" box="[199,523,150,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Description, male? Length</emphasis>
1.0 mm, 2.2 × long as wide; colour reddish brown.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986842FF2B05D80AA6" bold="true" box="[1144,1213,150,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Frons</emphasis>
flattened, vestiture consisting of scattered, semirecumbent, soft setae as long as the scapus. Eyes separated above by 2.8–2.9 × their width. Antennal scapus small, rounded, with small tuft of setae as long as the funiculus; club with two transverse sutures, basal suture partly interrupted in middle half.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986ED4FEBF02020B0A" bold="true" box="[750,871,258,284]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Pronotum</emphasis>
broadly rounded in front, asperate on anterior half, smooth and shiny on posterior half, vestiture consisting of hair- and bristle-like setae.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986856FE9B05A50B56" bold="true" box="[1132,1216,294,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Elytral</emphasis>
interstriae strongly tuberculate, setae coarsely hair-like, in regular rows, setae separated within rows by slightly more than their length.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CADFED300600B9E" bold="true" box="[151,261,366,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Protibiae</emphasis>
with two lateral and apical denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CFDFE2F006A0BC6" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4CFF986CFDFE2F006A0BC6" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CFDFE2F002B0BBA" bold="true" box="[199,334,402,428]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Etymology.</emphasis>
Latin nominative adjective meaning warty, referring to the coarse granules on most of the elytral interstriae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E4CFF986CFDFE6703B5080E" pageId="17" pageNumber="118" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E4CFF986CFDFE6703B5080E" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E4CFF986CFDFE6700930BE2" bold="true" box="[199,502,474,500]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Distribution and Biology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E4CFF986DC4FE6703E20BE2" box="[510,647,474,500]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Only known from the
<typeStatus id="09081C932E4CFF986FB5FE6602DA0BE3" box="[911,959,475,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="118">type</typeStatus>
locality in the southern arid zone where a single specimen was collected by leaf litter sifting.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

182
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<mods:title id="C620405F336C58BE0573D5AE237DA61E">An integrated taxonomic revision of Diplotrichus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) supports a Malagasy origin and single colonisation of South Africa</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CADFD520337091C" blockId="9.[151,594,751,814]" box="[151,594,751,778]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADFD520337091C" bold="true" box="[151,594,751,778]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806CADFD520082091C" authority="Jordal" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,487,751,778]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADFD5200E9091C" bold="true" box="[151,396,751,778]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Diplotrichus medius</emphasis>
Jordal
</taxonomicName>
,
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</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CADFCA902110966" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CADFCA900340938" blockId="9.[151,594,751,814]" box="[151,337,788,814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E54FF806CA5FCA9002C0938" box="[159,329,788,814]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1852,1876]" captionTargetBox="[170,1434,229,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[153,1434,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus pilifrons sp. nov. female holotype (15, 18, 21) and male allotype frons (22), Diplotrichus calvifrons sp. nov. female holotype (16, 19, 23), and Diplotrichus medius sp. nov. female holotype (17, 20, 24)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540568/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Figs 17, 20, 24</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<uri id="A222AE332E54FF806CADFCE502110966" box="[151,884,856,880]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CADFC2203060E17" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CADFC2203060E17" blockId="9.[151,1437,926,1637]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADFC22002009AE" bold="true" box="[151,325,926,953]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E54FF806D71FC2200D609CB" collectingDate="2006-11-16" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.595" location="Hogsback" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="26.96" municipality="East" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E54FF806D71FC2200D609AF" box="[331,435,927,953]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E54FF806E2FFC2203C309AF" box="[533,678,927,953]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E54FF806E8BFC22038409AF" box="[689,737,927,953]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">East</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E54FF806ED2FC22024109AF" box="[744,804,927,953]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Cape</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E54FF806F15FC2202FA09AF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E54FF806CADFD5200870C73:D36CF4EA2E54FF806F15FC2202FA09AF" box="[815,927,927,953]" country="South Africa" latitude="-32.595" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="26.96" municipality="East" name="Hogsback" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" stateProvince="Western Cape">Hogsback</location>
[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E54FF806F97FC22028509AF" box="[941,992,927,953]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">GIS</collectionCode>
:
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E54FF806FD1FC23052609AF" box="[1003,1091,926,953]" degrees="32.595" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" precision="55" value="-32.595">-32.595</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E54FF806875FC2305C709AF" box="[1103,1186,926,953]" degrees="26.960" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" precision="55" value="26.96">26.960</geoCoordinate>
], ex
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF8068EEFC22041709AF" box="[1236,1394,927,953]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyroides">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF8068EEFC22041709AF" box="[1236,1394,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Rhus pyroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="A20D84F12E54FF8069BAFC22006B09CB" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" value="2006-11-16">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E54FF8069BAFC22006B09CB" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" value="2006-11-16">16 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E54FF806D22FC7E001A09CB" box="[280,383,963,989]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">B. Jordal</collectorName>
, leg.
</materialsCitation>
<typeStatus id="09081C932E54FF806D8DFC7E037C09CB" box="[439,537,963,989]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
male and
<typeStatus id="09081C932E54FF806EB1FC7E039E09CB" box="[651,763,963,989]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
: same data as holotype (5).
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E54FF806816FC7E00560E17" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E54FF806816FC7E05F109CB" box="[1068,1172,963,989]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="09081C932E54FF8068F3FC7E044609CB" box="[1225,1315,963,989]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E54FF80697CFC7E04FD09CB" box="[1350,1432,963,989]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E54FF806CADFC5A00560E17" box="[151,307,999,1025]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">two paratypes</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E54FF806D6DFC5A00CE0E17" box="[343,427,999,1025]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">ZMUB</collectionCode>
, one in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E54FF806E38FC5A033A0E17" box="[514,607,999,1025]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFBB7021E0E7B" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFBB7021E0E7B" blockId="9.[151,1437,926,1637]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFBB700270E32" bold="true" box="[199,322,1034,1060]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Female frons lightly concave, with short setae in impressed area not longer than pedicel; antennal club with two procurved, slightly bisinuate, sutures; elytral interstriae with regular rows of erect setae separated in a row by half the length of a seta, closer on declivity than on disk.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFBCB05A60F53" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFBCB05A60F53" blockId="9.[151,1437,926,1637]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFBCB03720E87" bold="true" box="[199,535,1142,1169]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Description, female. Length</emphasis>
<quantity id="114B0FD42E54FF806E1AFBCA03CE0E87" box="[544,683,1143,1169]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 mm</quantity>
, 2.6–2.7 × as long as wide; colour dark brown.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF8068EFFBCA047F0E87" bold="true" box="[1237,1306,1143,1169]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Frons</emphasis>
lightly impressed on lower half; entire surface covered by short setae. Eyes separated above by 2.5–2.8 × the width. Antennal scapus triangular with setae as long as antennal club; the club with two procurved sutures somewhat bisinuate.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADFB5E00750EEB" bold="true" box="[151,272,1251,1277]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Pronotum</emphasis>
with distinct summit, asperities on anterior half; vestiture mixed hair-like, mainly on posterior half, and scale-like, mainly on anterior half.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806E25FABA03160F37" bold="true" box="[543,627,1287,1313]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Elytral</emphasis>
interstriae with regular rows of erect and pointed bristle-like setae separated within rows by half their length, closer on declivity.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806F1BFA9702EA0F52" bold="true" box="[801,911,1322,1348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Protibiae</emphasis>
with three apical denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFAF2052F0F9B" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFAF2052F0F9B" blockId="9.[151,1437,926,1637]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFAF2002B0F7F" bold="true" box="[199,334,1359,1385]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Etymology.</emphasis>
The Latin nominative adjective
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806E8EFAF202660F7F" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[692,771,1359,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806E8EFAF202660F7F" box="[692,771,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">medius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has several meanings, among them middle or half, referring to the moderately setose female frons, intermediate between
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806F05FACE02CB0F9B" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[831,942,1395,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvifrons">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806F05FACE02CB0F9B" box="[831,942,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">calvifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806FDFFACE05260F9B" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[997,1091,1395,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifrons">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806FDFFACE05260F9B" box="[997,1091,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">pilifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFA2B00240FEF" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFA2B00240FEF" blockId="9.[151,1437,926,1637]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFA2B008A0FA6" bold="true" box="[199,495,1430,1457]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E54FF806DCFFA2A03E00FA7" box="[501,645,1431,1457]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. Only known from the
<typeStatus id="09081C932E54FF806FB9FA2A02D60FA7" box="[899,947,1431,1457]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">type</typeStatus>
locality in Hogsback where it was dissected from a thin branch of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806DB7FA06026E0FC0" box="[397,779,1467,1494]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Searsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyroides">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806DB7FA0603220FC3" box="[397,583,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Searsia pyroides</emphasis>
(Anacardiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
. Broods were mature and mixed, not allowing study of the mating system.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDF9BE00870C73" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDF9BE00870C73" blockId="9.[151,1437,926,1637]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDF9BE005E0C0B" bold="true" box="[199,315,1539,1565]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Remarks.</emphasis>
Distinguished from the closest relative
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806F34F9BE02C60C0B" box="[782,931,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">D. calvifrons</emphasis>
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by the setose central median frons and the bisinuate sutures on the antennal club. This species also has slightly longer strial setae which occasionally overlap and tend to be slightly raised.
</paragraph>
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224
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADF94E001A0D18" bold="true" box="[151,383,1779,1806]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Diplotrichus minor</emphasis>
(
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)
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADF8EA00160D79" box="[151,371,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Landolphianus minor</emphasis>
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, orig. spelling
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADF8CA00360D98" box="[151,339,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Lanurgus frontalis</emphasis>
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, syn. by
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CADF801059A0DEC" blockId="9.[151,1436,1979,2043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADF80100200DC0" bold="true" box="[151,325,1980,2006]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E54FF806D76F801006F0DEC" collectingDate="1952-11-28" collectionCode="GIS, NHMW" collectorName="Dr K. E. Schedl" country="Madagascar" location="Ambila" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E54FF806D76F80100D00DC0" box="[332,437,1980,2006]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
, male and female:
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[
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,
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[
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.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806DA8F85C03040DEC" box="[402,609,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Lanurgus frontalis</emphasis>
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:
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,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E54FF806F3EF85D029B0DED" box="[772,1022,2016,2043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
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, F
</collectorName>
. Geay 1905 [
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.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E57FF836CADFAD700330F94" bold="true" box="[151,342,1386,1410]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">FIGURES 25–32.</emphasis>
Dorsal, lateral, and front view of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E57FF836E82FAD702180F94" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[696,893,1386,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
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female (25, 27, 29) and male (30), and
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E57FF836926FAD701820FB0" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E57FF836926FAD701820FB0" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Diplotrichus falcatus</emphasis>
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female holotype (26, 28, 31) and male allotype (32).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E57FF836CFDFA6900270FF8" bold="true" box="[199,322,1492,1518]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length
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, 2.3–2.6 × as long as wide, colour reddish brown; female frons broadly concave from eye to eye, from epistoma to vertex, surface velvety; scapus with long, thin spike on its dorsal side, with setae on its inner margin as long as the funiculus.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E57FF836CFDF9FD00040C4C" bold="true" box="[199,353,1600,1626]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E57FF836D5DF9FD00950C4C" box="[359,496,1600,1626]" name="Madagascar" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Found on both east and north-western lowlands.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E57FF836CFDF9D900C40CB5" blockId="10.[151,1436,1492,1987]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E57FF836CFDF9D900020C68" bold="true" box="[199,359,1636,1662]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">New records.</emphasis>
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,
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[
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ex. liana,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E57FF8369B9F9D801BB0CB4" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">B. Jordal</collectorName>
, leg. (4,
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E57FF836D05F93400F00CB5" box="[319,405,1673,1699]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">ZMUB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E57FF836CFDF911002C0D41" blockId="10.[151,1436,1492,1987]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E57FF836CFDF911005E0CD0" bold="true" box="[199,315,1708,1734]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Remarks.</emphasis>
Sexually dimorphic also on elytral declivity, which in males is slightly sulcate. This is the only described species of
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E57FF836D5EF96D00970CFC" box="[356,498,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Diplotrichus</emphasis>
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with a long spike on the dorsal side of the female scapus. It has a special position in the phylogeny of the genus, with a long connecting branch to the other species in the genus (
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). It has nevertheless the typical enlarged flagellum of the male aedeagus, and split setae on ventrites, further supporting inclusion in
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E57FF836C8EF88100270D40" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[180,322,1852,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E57FF836C8EF88100270D40" box="[180,322,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Diplotrichus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E57FF836CFDF8DC04320DD4" blockId="10.[151,1436,1492,1987]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
New collections were made from dead lianas about
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in diameter. Galleries were star shaped, with two, three or
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E57FF836CCDF83900E00D88" box="[247,389,1924,1950]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" type="female">four females</specimenCount>
joining a male in each family group. Brood sizes per female were 20–
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E57FF836896F83904710D88" box="[1196,1300,1924,1950]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" type="larva">30 larvae</specimenCount>
(n=4). This species was previously known from bark of climbing
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E57FF836ECBF815022B0DD4" box="[753,846,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Embelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shrubs (Primulaceea,
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E57FF83687DF81505C60DD5" box="[1095,1187,1960,1987]" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Ericales</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E57FF836883F815042F0DD4" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[1209,1354,1960,1986]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref13305" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1977) Die Scolytidae und Platypodidae Madagaskars und einiger naheliegender Inselgruppen. Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Wien, 119, 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1977">Schedl 1977</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

121
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CADFB8403220E45" bold="true" box="[151,583,1081,1108]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CADFB8400F50E42" bold="true" box="[151,400,1081,1108]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Diplotrichus ignotus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E56FF826DA5FB84035A0E45" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[415,575,1081,1107]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="51 - 85" refId="ref13278" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1965) Fauna Madagascariensis, VI. 232 Beitrag. Reichenbachia, Dresden, 5, 51 - 85." type="journal article" year="1965">Schedl, 1965</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E56FF826CADFBE300340E6E" box="[151,337,1118,1144]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E56FF826CADFBE300340E6E" blockId="11.[151,583,1081,1144]" box="[151,337,1118,1144]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E56FF826CA5FBE3002C0E6E" box="[159,329,1118,1144]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–42" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1820,1844]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,276,1796]" captionTargetId="figure-22@12.[152,1435,181,1796]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 33–42. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus ignotus male holotype (33, 36, 39), Diplotrichus acutior sp. nov. female holotype (34, 37, 40) and male allotype (41), Diplotrichus pulchellus sp. nov. female holotype (35, 38, 42)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540576/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Figs 33, 36, 39</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E56FF826CADFB1F03A80EAC" box="[151,717,1186,1210]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E56FF826CADFB1F03A80EAC" blockId="11.[151,717,1186,1210]" box="[151,717,1186,1210]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F6A3851F2E56FF826CADFB1F03A80EAC" box="[151,717,1186,1210]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
<treatmentCitation id="571284202E56FF826CADFB1F035B0EAC" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[151,574,1186,1210]" page="62" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="1965">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CADFB1F00EF0EAC" box="[151,394,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Pseudomicracis ignotus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E56FF826DAAFB1F035B0EAC" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[400,574,1186,1210]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="51 - 85" refId="ref13278" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1965) Fauna Madagascariensis, VI. 232 Beitrag. Reichenbachia, Dresden, 5, 51 - 85." type="journal article" year="1965">Schedl, 1965: 62</bibRefCitation>
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, orig. spelling
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CADFB5400200F14" bold="true" box="[151,325,1256,1283]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E56FF826D76FB5505F20F15" box="[332,1175,1256,1283]" collectionCode="GIS, NHMW" country="Madagascar" location="Mt. d'Ambre" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E56FF826D76FB5500D20F14" box="[332,439,1256,1282]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, male:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E56FF826E3DFB5503F50F14" box="[519,656,1256,1282]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
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[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E56FF826F07FB5402150F15" box="[829,880,1257,1283]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">GIS</collectionCode>
: -12.54, 49.17] [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E56FF826812FB5505E80F15" box="[1064,1165,1256,1283]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
].
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CFDFAB100270F30" bold="true" box="[199,322,1292,1318]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length
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, 2.8 × as long as wide, colour yellowish brown; anterior margin of pronotum forming a distinct rim with teeth; elytral apex pointed, posterolateral margin finely serrated; interstrial setae truncated, not more than twice as long as broad.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CFDFAC500040F84" bold="true" box="[199,353,1400,1426]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E56FF826D5DFAC500950F84" box="[359,496,1400,1426]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E56FF826CFDFA2005550FE9" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="discussion">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CFDFA20005E0FA1" bold="true" box="[199,315,1437,1463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Remarks.</emphasis>
Only a male specimen is known, taken in flight (
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E56FF826F63FA21028C0FA1" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[857,1001,1436,1463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref13305" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1977) Die Scolytidae und Platypodidae Madagaskars und einiger naheliegender Inselgruppen. Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Wien, 119, 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1977">Schedl 1977</bibRefCitation>
). Very similar to
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E56FF82689FFA2004720FA0" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1189,1303,1437,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutior" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF82689FFA2004720FA0" box="[1189,1303,1437,1462]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">D. acutior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E56FF826927FA2004160FA1" box="[1309,1395,1437,1463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
but distinguished by the much shorter and truncated interstrial setae, the finer serration along the posterolateral margin of the elytra, and less strongly lifted rim near the anterior margin of the pronotum.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CADFF2A00F30AA4" bold="true" box="[151,406,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Diplotrichus falcatus</emphasis>
Jordal
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CADFEFB00200B49" bold="true" box="[151,325,325,352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E56FF826D76FEFB032B0B92" collectingDate="2019-10-24" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="Madagascar" elevation="500" location="Sambava" municipality="Marojejy Nat. Park" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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female:
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E56FF826F25FEFB029F0B76" box="[799,1018,326,352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Marojejy Nat. Park</collectingMunicipality>
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alt. GIS: -14.45, 49.79, ex unknown liana,
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.
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, leg.
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male and
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: same data as holotype (5).
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,
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and
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in
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in
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.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CFDFE0C00270BDD" bold="true" box="[199,322,433,459]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Very elongated, about three times as long as wide; female frons with long projecting tuft of setae, scapus falcate with an inner tuft of setae as long as tuft on frons; strial punctures large, subcontiguous.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CFDFE4403730802" bold="true" box="[199,534,505,532]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Description, female. Length</emphasis>
<quantity id="114B0FD42E56FF826E25FE4703CC0802" box="[543,681,506,532]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.4 mm</quantity>
, 2.9–3.1 × as long as wide; colour brown.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF8268AFFE4705BF0802" bold="true" box="[1173,1242,506,532]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Frons</emphasis>
concave, largely covered by a long dorsal tuft of setae projecting and meets with equally long tuft of setae from inner side of each antennal scapus. Eyes separated above by 2.0–2.5 × their width.Antennal scapus angular, falcate, on its inner face with a long tuft of setae; club with two strongly marked angularly procurved sutures.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826831FDDB05E10896" bold="true" box="[1035,1156,614,640]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Pronotum</emphasis>
asperate on anterior half, asperities separated by their size, a strong recurved rim with small teeth along the anterior margin; vestiture mixed hair- and bristle-like.
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interstriae slightly raised, lightly rugose, with erect bristle-like setae separated within regular rows by their length, closer on declivity; strial punctures large, subcontiguous; elytral apex very slightly inflated, posterolateral margin distinctly serrated.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826EFCFD4802510919" bold="true" box="[710,820,757,783]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Protibiae</emphasis>
with one lateral and two apical denticles.
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E56FF826CFDFCA700E1094E" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="etymology">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CFDFCA7002B0922" bold="true" box="[199,334,794,820]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Etymology.</emphasis>
A Latin nominative adjective meaning bent or sickle-shaped, referring to the unusual falcate shape of the female scapus.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CF4FCDC0092096D" bold="true" box="[206,503,865,892]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E56FF826DC7FCDF03E3096A" box="[509,646,866,892]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. Only known from the
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locality in Marojejy where it was dissected from a thin and sticky, dead, hanging liana. Broods of teneral adults and larvae ranged from 16 to 24 (n=3).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E56FF826CFDFC1701A709FE" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="discussion">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CFDFC17005E09D2" bold="true" box="[199,315,938,964]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Remarks.</emphasis>
A unique species defined by the falcate scapus in the female with long tuft of setae on its inner margin.
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<treatment id="5E1A13272E56FF846CADF9ED00C8092E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540586" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540586" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F092D1B6-0488-4CBD-B993-277935D6F105" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E1A13272E56FF846CADF9ED00C8092E" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="114" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E56FF826CADF9ED03290C7D" blockId="11.[151,588,1616,1679]" box="[151,588,1616,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
<heading id="8D44155D2E56FF826CADF9ED03290C7D" bold="true" box="[151,588,1616,1643]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CADF9ED03290C7D" bold="true" box="[151,588,1616,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E56FF826CADF9ED00820C7D" authority="Jordal" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,487,1616,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutior" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CADF9ED00E90C7C" bold="true" box="[151,396,1616,1643]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Diplotrichus acutior</emphasis>
Jordal
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,
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</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E56FF826CADF9C902140CC7" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E56FF826CADF9C9001E0C99" blockId="11.[151,588,1616,1679]" box="[151,379,1652,1679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E56FF826CA5F9C900160C99" box="[159,371,1652,1679]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–42" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1820,1844]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,276,1796]" captionTargetId="figure-22@12.[152,1435,181,1796]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 33–42. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus ignotus male holotype (33, 36, 39), Diplotrichus acutior sp. nov. female holotype (34, 37, 40) and male allotype (41), Diplotrichus pulchellus sp. nov. female holotype (35, 38, 42)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540576/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Figs 34, 37, 40, 41</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E56FF826CADF94201BB0DDB" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E56FF826CADF94203FA0D74" blockId="11.[151,1436,1790,1997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CADF94200230D0F" bold="true" box="[151,326,1791,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E56FF826D75F94203780D2B" collectingDate="2019-10-29" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="Madagascar" elevation="50" location="Diana region" municipality="Ankarana Nat. Park" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E56FF826D75F94200D20D0F" box="[335,439,1791,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E56FF826E21F94203C10D0F" box="[539,676,1791,1817]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E56FF826F6BF94205510D0F" box="[849,1076,1791,1818]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Ankarana Nat. Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="114B0FD42E56FF82687BF942051E0D0C" box="[1089,1147,1791,1818]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="m" value="50.0">
<elevation id="5D9E45022E56FF82687BF942051E0D0C" box="[1089,1147,1791,1818]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt. [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E56FF82688CF942058C0D0F" box="[1206,1257,1791,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">GIS</collectionCode>
: -12.96, 49.12], ex. liana,
<date id="A20D84F12E56FF826D3EF89E00130D2B" box="[260,374,1827,1853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2019-10-29">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E56FF826D3EF89E00130D2B" box="[260,374,1827,1853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" value="2019-10-29">29.x.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E56FF826DBBF899008C0D2B" box="[385,489,1827,1854]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">B. Jordal</collectorName>
, leg.
</materialsCitation>
<typeStatus id="09081C932E56FF826E18F89E03E10D2B" box="[546,644,1827,1853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
male and
<typeStatus id="09081C932E56FF826ECDF89902020D28" box="[759,871,1828,1854]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
: same data as holotype (6);
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E56FF8268A7F89E00EA0D74" collectionCode="ZMUB" country="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E56FF8268A7F89E046D0D2B" box="[1181,1288,1827,1853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<typeStatus id="09081C932E56FF826929F89E04080D2B" box="[1299,1389,1827,1853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
and
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E56FF826CADF8FA00720D74" box="[151,279,1863,1890]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">3 paratypes</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E56FF826D01F8F500EA0D74" box="[315,399,1864,1890]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">ZMUB</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E56FF826DA0F8FA03FE0D74" box="[410,667,1863,1890]" collectionCode="NHMW" country="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E56FF826DA0F8FA037F0D74" box="[410,538,1863,1890]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">2 paratypes</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E56FF826E04F8F503FE0D74" box="[574,667,1864,1890]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E56FF826CFDF8D601BB0DDB" blockId="11.[151,1436,1790,1997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E56FF826CFDF8D600190D93" bold="true" box="[199,380,1899,1925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Other material</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E56FF826DB7F8D603730D93" box="[397,534,1899,1925]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, Reserve Speciale d’Ambre,
<quantity id="114B0FD42E56FF826F59F8D602D60D93" box="[867,947,1899,1926]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="km" value="3.5">3.5 km</quantity>
SW Sakaramy [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E56FF826854F8D605C40D93" box="[1134,1185,1899,1925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">GIS</collectionCode>
: -12.46, 49.23], sifted litter, B. Fischer, leg. (1,
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E56FF826D8EF832008A0DBF" box="[436,495,1935,1961]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
); Mont. des Francais,
<quantity id="114B0FD42E56FF826ED0F832025C0DBF" box="[746,825,1935,1961]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" unit="km" value="7.2">7.2 km</quantity>
SE
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E56FF826F52F832028A0DBF" box="[872,1007,1935,1961]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E56FF826FC5F83205570DBF" box="[1023,1074,1935,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">GIS</collectionCode>
: -12.35, 49.34], ex leaf litter (1,
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E56FF826CADF80E01B70DDB" box="[151,210,1971,1997]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="82CCF2B92E51FF856CADF8A104340D4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540576" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540576/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" startId="12.[151,264,1820,1844]" targetBox="[154,1435,276,1796]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E51FF856CADF8A104340D4F" blockId="12.[151,1437,1820,1881]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E51FF856CADF8A100300D22" bold="true" box="[151,341,1820,1844]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">FIGURES 33–42.</emphasis>
Dorsal, lateral, and front view of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E51FF856E88F8A102E10D22" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[690,900,1820,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignotus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E51FF856E88F8A102E10D22" box="[690,900,1820,1844]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Diplotrichus ignotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male holotype (33, 36, 39),
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E51FF856892F8A1041D0D22" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1192,1400,1820,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutior" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E51FF856892F8A1041D0D22" box="[1192,1400,1820,1844]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Diplotrichus acutior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E51FF856945F8A001A60D4E" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
female holotype (34, 37, 40) and male allotype (41),
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E51FF856EDAF8FD02AA0D4E" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[736,975,1856,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchellus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E51FF856EDAF8FD02AA0D4E" box="[736,975,1856,1880]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Diplotrichus pulchellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E51FF856FEFF8FC05410D4E" box="[981,1060,1857,1880]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
female holotype (35, 38, 42).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E51FF856CFDF83B02EF0DFF" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E51FF856CFDF83B02EF0DFF" blockId="12.[151,1436,1926,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E51FF856CFDF83B00270DB6" bold="true" box="[199,322,1926,1952]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Female frons with very dense, broad, long tuft of setae from vertex to epistoma covering all of the frons; anterior margin of pronotum forming a distinct rim with teeth; elytral apex pointed, posterolateral margin coarsely serrated; interstrial setae spatulate, 3–4 × as long as broad.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E50FF846CFDFF2B03520877" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E50FF846CFDFF2B04F90BC6" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CFDFF2B03760AA6" bold="true" box="[199,531,150,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Description, female. Length</emphasis>
<quantity id="114B0FD42E50FF846E20FF2B03C60AA7" box="[538,675,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.6">1.6–1.8 mm</quantity>
, 2.6–2.7 × as long as wide; colour brown.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846845FF2B05A10AA6" bold="true" box="[1151,1220,150,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Frons</emphasis>
flattened or lightly concave, not visible under a very broad and long tuft of setae originating at vertex, extending sideways to lower inner eye margin, setae reaching epistoma which has moderate long setae that extend over most of the mandibles; tuft projecting, with distinct bend halfway directed downwards. Eyes separated above by 2.5–2.8 × their width. Antennal scapus triangular, with dense brush of soft setae as long as antennal club; the club with two clearly marked and strongly procurved sutures.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846DEAFEF7032C0B72" bold="true" box="[464,585,330,356]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Pronotum</emphasis>
strongly asperate on anterior half, near anterior margin with a raised line of contiguous teeth; posterior half rather smooth with tiny granules; vestiture of mainly spatulate setae, mixed with hair-like setae mainly on posterior third.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846E61FE2F03CA0BBA" bold="true" box="[603,687,402,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Elytral</emphasis>
interstriae with closely placed spatulate setae in regular rows; strial puncture large, irregular in shape; elytral apex strongly inflated.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846F53FE0B02AF0BC6" bold="true" box="[873,970,438,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Protibia</emphasis>
with one lateral and two apical denticles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E50FF846CFDFE6703520877" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CFDFE6700610BE2" bold="true" box="[199,260,474,500]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Male</emphasis>
externally identical to female except frons impressed and nearly glabrous on lower third, with rough transverse carina or series of sharp tubercles above impression, a second transverse irregular row of sharp granules near vertex, with scattered short spatulate setae between, and finer bristle-like setae above; scapus small and rounded, with tiny tuft of short setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E50FF846CFDFDD700BB08BF" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E50FF846CFDFDD700BB08BF" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CFDFDD7002B0892" bold="true" box="[199,334,618,644]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Etymology.</emphasis>
The Latin nominative adjective
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E50FF846EFEFDD602700892" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[708,789,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutior">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846EFEFDD602700892" box="[708,789,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">acutior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
means sharper, referring to the elytral apex which is the most acuminate in the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E50FF846CFDFD0F00C8092E" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E50FF846CFDFD0F00C8092E" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E50FF846CFDFD0F009708DA" bold="true" box="[199,498,690,716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
Known from the
<typeStatus id="09081C932E50FF846E80FD0E038F08DB" box="[698,746,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">type</typeStatus>
locality in Ankarana and two other dry lower mountain areas near the northern tip of the island. It was collected by sifting litter and also dissected from a dry hanging liana
<quantity id="114B0FD42E50FF84695FFD6B04F908E7" box="[1381,1436,726,753]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
in diameter. The broods were old with many dead specimens and the mating system was not clear. Females made longitudinal egg tunnels.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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167
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E58FF8C6CADFF6400F50AE2" bold="true" box="[151,400,217,244]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Diplotrichus gracilis</emphasis>
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(
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,
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E58FF8C6CADFE83002E0B43" box="[151,331,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Lanurgus gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E58FF8C6D6BFE80036E0B43" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[337,523,317,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" pagination="557 - 560" refId="ref13129" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1958) A few new African Scolytidae in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 13, 557 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935808650982" type="journal article" year="1958">Schedl, 1958: 559</bibRefCitation>
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, orig. spelling
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E58FF8C6CADFE3E00200B8B" bold="true" box="[151,325,387,413]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E58FF8C6D76FE3E02D30B8B" box="[332,950,386,413]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="South Africa" location="Zululand" municipality="Eshowe" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E58FF8C6D76FE3E00DC0B8B" box="[332,441,387,413]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
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,
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,
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[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E58FF8C6F02FE3F02CE0B8B" box="[824,939,386,413]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E58FF8C6CFDFE1A00270BD7" bold="true" box="[199,322,423,449]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Elongated species, 1.6–2.0 mm long, 2.7–2.9 × as long as wide; colour dark brown or black; female frons flattened to very lightly concave, surface covered by densely placed, soft setae as long as the funiculus; scapus triangular, with a broad split tuft of setae as long as those in frons; antennal club with two clearly marked procurved sutures; seta on elytral interstria spatulate, densely placed in regular rows except interstriae 1, separated within rows by half the length of a seta.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E58FF8C6CFDFDE600040863" bold="true" box="[199,353,603,629]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Distribution.</emphasis>
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.
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E58FF8C6CFDFDC203D308F7" blockId="5.[151,1437,386,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E58FF8C6CFDFDC2000D088F" bold="true" box="[199,360,639,665]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">New records:</emphasis>
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, GIS -33.70, 26.35;
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N Hoekwil
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[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E58FF8C6DCEFD75032F08F4" box="[500,586,712,738]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">ZMUB</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E58FF8C6E6CFD7B03C908F7" box="[598,684,710,737]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
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.
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E58FF8C6CFDFD56052A093C" blockId="5.[151,1437,386,810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E58FF8C6CFDFD56005E0913" bold="true" box="[199,315,747,773]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Remarks.</emphasis>
All new collections were made from dead, hanging lianas, in forests around Knysna. Only male-female pairs were observed, and the male tend to leave the gallery at early larval stage.
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<mods:identifier id="095F0BFB995D2F99F0A5C60786ACAD0F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5047.2.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3EAD0F2A0B3A926A25AB706AC568CB21" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0A3FAF61E4EF940D4484115088A01B10" type="Zenodo-Dep">5540558</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E0FEE6ABFE004EAF3B70F5123B7694CD" type="ZooBank">1B6FD2EB-A9BF-46C7-B2A3-5DC5FC78CBF7</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="5E1A13272E5AFF806CADF9E305FE08BF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540572" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540572" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D880EC8F-14A8-4882-8306-0D0011E13D8D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E1A13272E5AFF806CADF9E305FE08BF" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CADF9E303110C6E" box="[151,628,1630,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADF9E303110C6E" blockId="7.[151,628,1630,1692]" box="[151,628,1630,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<heading id="8D44155D2E5AFF8E6CADF9E303110C6E" bold="true" box="[151,628,1630,1657]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADF9E303110C6E" bold="true" box="[151,628,1630,1657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6CADF9E3036C0C6E" authority="Jordal" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,521,1630,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvifrons" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADF9E300CA0C6F" bold="true" box="[151,431,1630,1657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Diplotrichus calvifrons</emphasis>
Jordal
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5AFF8E6E2CF9E303110C6E" box="[534,628,1630,1656]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CADF93F02160CCF" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADF93F00340C8A" blockId="7.[151,628,1630,1692]" box="[151,337,1666,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
(
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E5AFF8E6CA5F93F002C0C8A" box="[159,329,1666,1692]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1852,1876]" captionTargetBox="[170,1434,229,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[153,1434,181,1828]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Dorsal, lateral, and front view of Diplotrichus pilifrons sp. nov. female holotype (15, 18, 21) and male allotype frons (22), Diplotrichus calvifrons sp. nov. female holotype (16, 19, 23), and Diplotrichus medius sp. nov. female holotype (17, 20, 24)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540568/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Figs 16, 19, 23</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADF97C02160CCF" blockId="7.[151,883,1729,1753]" box="[151,883,1729,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<uri id="A222AE332E5AFF8E6CADF97C02160CCF" box="[151,883,1729,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="A21598E42E5AFF8E6DA8F97C02160CCF" box="[402,883,1729,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">D880EC8F-14A8-4882-8306-0D0011E13D8D</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CADF8B504540D98" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADF8B504540D98" blockId="7.[151,1436,1799,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADF8B500200D37" bold="true" box="[151,325,1799,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6D76F8BA03AB0D53" collectingDate="2006-11-14" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.964" location="Storms River" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.898" municipality="Tsitsikamma" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6D76F8BA00D10D37" box="[332,436,1799,1825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5AFF8E6E2DF8BA03CD0D37" box="[535,680,1799,1825]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="3F6DDABD2E5AFF8E6E8EF8B5038E0D34" box="[692,747,1800,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">West</collectingCounty>
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E5AFF8E6EC8F8B5024B0D34" box="[754,814,1800,1826]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Cape</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E5AFF8E6F00F8BA02A90D37" box="[826,972,1799,1825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Tsitsikamma</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6FEDF8B5050E0D37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E5AFF806CADF9E305FE08BF:D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6FEDF8B5050E0D37" box="[983,1131,1799,1826]" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.964" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.898" municipality="Tsitsikamma" name="Storms River" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" stateProvince="Western Cape">Storms River</location>
[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6840F8B505C80D34" box="[1146,1197,1800,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">GIS</collectionCode>
:
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6882F8BA04770D37" box="[1208,1298,1799,1825]" degrees="33.964" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="-33.964">-33.964</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6927F8BA040A0D34" box="[1309,1391,1799,1826]" degrees="23.898" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="23.898">23.898</geoCoordinate>
], ex
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6CADF896001D0D50" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[151,376,1835,1862]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Kiggelaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADF896001D0D50" box="[151,376,1835,1862]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Kiggelaria africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="A20D84F12E5AFF8E6DBDF89103460D53" box="[391,547,1835,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-14">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E5AFF8E6DBDF89103460D53" box="[391,547,1835,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-14">14 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5AFF8E6E15F89103FD0D53" box="[559,664,1835,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">B. Jordal</collectorName>
, leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6EEEF896005B0D98" collectingDate="2006-11-09" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.965" location="Natures Valley" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.562" municipality="West" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="allotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6EEEF89602530D53" box="[724,822,1835,1861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
male and
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6F97F89105780D50" box="[941,1053,1836,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
: same data as holotype (4);
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5AFF8E6961F89601840D7F" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E5AFF8E6CCAF8ED00420D7C" box="[240,295,1872,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">West</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E5AFF8E6D08F8ED000B0D7C" box="[306,366,1872,1898]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Cape</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6D47F8ED034D0D7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E5AFF806CADF9E305FE08BF:D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6D47F8ED034D0D7F" box="[381,552,1871,1898]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.965" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.562" municipality="West" name="Natures Valley" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" stateProvince="Western Cape">Natures Valley</location>
, deVasselot [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6EFAF8ED03960D7C" box="[704,755,1872,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">GIS</collectionCode>
:
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6F38F8F2023E0D7C" box="[770,859,1871,1898]" degrees="33.965" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="-33.965">-33.965</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6F50F8F202D80D7C" box="[874,957,1871,1898]" degrees="23.562" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="23.562">23.562</geoCoordinate>
], ex
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6FCDF8F2054A0D7F" box="[1015,1071,1871,1897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6FCDF8F2054A0D7F" box="[1015,1071,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Rhus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
chirindaensi,s
<date id="A20D84F12E5AFF8E68DAF8ED04110D7F" box="[1248,1396,1871,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-09">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E5AFF8E68DAF8ED04110D7F" box="[1248,1396,1871,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-09">9 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5AFF8E69B9F8ED01BB0D9B" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">B. Jordal</collectorName>
, leg. (7)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6D72F8CE02040D98" box="[328,865,1907,1934]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6D72F8CE00D60D9B" box="[328,435,1907,1933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6D85F8CE037C0D9B" box="[447,537,1907,1933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
and
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E5AFF8E6E75F8C9038E0D98" box="[591,747,1908,1934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">two paratypes</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6F35F8C902040D98" box="[783,865,1908,1934]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6F57F8CE051D0D98" box="[877,1144,1907,1934]" collectionCode="ZMUB" country="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E5AFF8E6F57F8CE029A0D98" box="[877,1023,1907,1934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">six paratypes</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E681EF8C9051D0D98" box="[1060,1144,1908,1934]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">ZMUB</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
, two in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E68EAF8C904480D98" box="[1232,1325,1908,1934]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CFDF82A05220DEF" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CFDF82A05220DEF" blockId="7.[151,1436,1799,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CFDF82A00270DA7" bold="true" box="[199,322,1943,1969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Female frons flattened, lower median third glabrous, shiny, with short setae encircling the glabrous area; antennal club with two distinct and angularly procurved sutures; elytral interstriae with regular rows of erect setae separated in a row by half the length of a seta, closer on declivity than on disk.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="82CCF2B92E55FF816CADF88100710D8B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540568" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5540568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540568/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" startId="8.[151,264,1852,1876]" targetBox="[170,1434,229,1827]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E55FF816CADF88100710D8B" blockId="8.[151,1437,1852,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E55FF816CADF88100310D42" bold="true" box="[151,340,1852,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">FIGURES 15–24.</emphasis>
Dorsal, lateral, and front view of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E55FF816E97F88102EC0D42" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[685,905,1852,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifrons" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E55FF816E97F88102EC0D42" box="[685,905,1852,1876]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Diplotrichus pilifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E55FF816FB5F88002BB0D42" box="[911,990,1853,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
female holotype (15, 18, 21) and male allotype frons (22),
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E55FF816D03F8DD03460D6E" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[313,547,1888,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvifrons" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E55FF816D03F8DD03460D6E" box="[313,547,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Diplotrichus calvifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E55FF816E13F8DC031D0D6E" box="[553,632,1889,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
female holotype (16, 19, 23), and
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E55FF816FE8F8DD05C50D6E" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[978,1184,1888,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E55FF816FE8F8DD05C50D6E" box="[978,1184,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Diplotrichus medius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E55FF81689FF8DC05910D6E" box="[1189,1268,1889,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
female holotype (17, 20, 24).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFF2B04290B73" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFF2B04290B73" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFF2B03700AA7" bold="true" box="[199,533,150,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Description, female. Length</emphasis>
<quantity id="114B0FD42E54FF806E27FF2B03C20AA7" box="[541,679,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.5 mm</quantity>
, 2.6–2.7 × as long as wide; colour dark brown. flattened, on lower median third glabrous, with short setae in circle around glabrous area. Eyes separated above by 2.5–2.8 × the width. Antennal scapus triangular with setae as long as antennal club; the club with two angularly procurved sutures.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADFEBE00750B0B" bold="true" box="[151,272,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Pronotum</emphasis>
with distinct summit, asperities on anterior half; vestiture mixed hair-like, mainly on posterior half, and scale-like, mainly on anterior half.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806E21FE9A030A0B57" bold="true" box="[539,623,295,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Elytral</emphasis>
interstriae with regular rows of erect, pointed, bristle-like setae separated within rows on average by two-thirds their length, closer on declivity.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806F91FEF7057C0B72" bold="true" box="[939,1049,330,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Protibiae</emphasis>
with three apical denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFED203960BBB" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFED203960BBB" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFED2002B0B9F" bold="true" box="[199,334,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Etymology.</emphasis>
Composed by the stem of the Latin adjective
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806F62FED202C50B9F" box="[856,928,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">calvus</emphasis>
, meaning hairless, and frons, referring to the glabrous lower median part of the frons in the female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CF4FE0B00740877" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CF4FE0B00740877" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CF4FE0B009D0BC6" bold="true" box="[206,504,438,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E54FF806DC5FE0A03F50BC7" box="[511,656,439,465]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. It was collected twice in coastal forest sites in the
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E54FF8068F1FE0A04320BC7" box="[1227,1367,439,465]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Cape region</collectingRegion>
. Fully developed broods were dissected from phloem of
<quantity id="114B0FD42E54FF806EFDFE67027F0BE3" box="[711,794,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 cm</quantity>
thick branches of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806FD3FE6604090BE0" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1001,1388,475,502]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Kiggelaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806FD3FE6605AC0BE3" box="[1001,1225,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Kiggelaria africana</emphasis>
(Achariaceae)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806CADFE420327080C" box="[151,578,511,538]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Searsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chirindensis">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CADFE420018080F" box="[151,381,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Searsia chirindensis</emphasis>
(Anacardiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
. Among the seven families studied, one contained a male-female pair, five had a bigamous structure and one had
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E54FF806E74FD9E0383082B" box="[590,742,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="female">three females</specimenCount>
per male. Brood size ranged between 30 to
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E54FF8068E5FD9E0422082B" box="[1247,1351,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="larva">60 larvae</specimenCount>
(n=14) per family.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E54FF806CFDFDD605FE08BF" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E54FF806CFDFDD605FE08BF" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806CFDFDD6005E0893" bold="true" box="[199,315,619,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is very similar to the next one,
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E54FF806F19FDD602F60893" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[803,915,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E54FF806F19FDD602F60893" box="[803,915,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">D. medius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both with densely placed, pointed, bristle-like setae, but distinguished in females by the glabrous lower median frons, and by genetic data.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

234
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<mods:title id="7784AAEE56D1BE816177DFFCED45EBCE">An integrated taxonomic revision of Diplotrichus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) supports a Malagasy origin and single colonisation of South Africa</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADFE1603070BD0" bold="true" box="[151,610,427,454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6CADFE1600920BD0" authority="Jordal" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,503,427,454]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifrons" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADFE1600F80BD0" bold="true" box="[151,413,427,454]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Diplotrichus pilifrons</emphasis>
Jordal
</taxonomicName>
,
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</emphasis>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADFE7200E70BFC" blockId="7.[151,610,427,490]" box="[151,386,463,490]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">(Figs, 15, 18, 21, 22)</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CADFDE8059D08CD" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CADFDE8059D08CD" blockId="7.[151,1437,596,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADFDE800200879" bold="true" box="[151,325,597,623]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6D76FDE803B80885" collectingDate="2006-11-13" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.964" location="Storms River" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.898" municipality="Tsitsikamma" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6D76FDE800D10879" box="[332,436,597,623]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5AFF8E6E2DFDE803CD0879" box="[535,680,597,623]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="3F6DDABD2E5AFF8E6E8EFDE8038E0879" box="[692,747,597,623]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">West</collectingCounty>
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E5AFF8E6EC8FDE8024B0879" box="[754,814,597,623]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Cape</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E5AFF8E6F00FDE802A90879" box="[826,972,597,623]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Tsitsikamma</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6FEDFDE8050E0879" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E5AFF8E6CADFE1603ED0C01:D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6FEDFDE8050E0879" box="[983,1131,597,623]" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.964" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.898" municipality="Tsitsikamma" name="Storms River" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" stateProvince="Western Cape">Storms River</location>
[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6840FDE805C80879" box="[1146,1197,597,623]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">GIS</collectionCode>
:
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,
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6927FDE9040A0879" box="[1309,1391,596,623]" degrees="23.898" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="23.898">23.898</geoCoordinate>
], ex
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6CADFDC400F20885" box="[151,407,633,659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hamamelidaceae" genus="Trichocladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADFDC400F20885" box="[151,407,633,659]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Trichocladus ellipticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<date id="A20D84F12E5AFF8E6DA7FDC403520885" box="[413,567,633,659]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-13">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E5AFF8E6DA7FDC403520885" box="[413,567,633,659]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-13">13 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5AFF8E6E7BFDC403CC0885" box="[577,681,633,659]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">B. Jordal</collectorName>
, leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6ED8FDC4018E08CD" collectingDate="2006-11-13" collectionCode="GIS" collectorName="B. Jordal" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.913" location="Goudeveld" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.948" municipality="Knysna" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="allotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6ED8FDC402210885" box="[738,836,633,659]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
male and
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6F8CFDC405430885" box="[950,1062,633,659]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
: same data as holotype (9);
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5AFF8E6961FDC4018408A1" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="3F6DDABD2E5AFF8E6CD6FD20004608A1" box="[236,291,669,695]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">West</collectingCounty>
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E5AFF8E6D10FD20000308A1" box="[298,358,669,695]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Cape</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="3668384B2E5AFF8E6D4BFD2000AC08A1" box="[369,457,669,695]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Knysna</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6DEFFD20033508A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A13272E5AFF8E6CADFE1603ED0C01:D36CF4EA2E5AFF8E6DEFFD20033508A1" box="[469,592,669,695]" country="South Africa" county="West" latitude="-33.913" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="23.948" municipality="Knysna" name="Goudeveld" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" stateProvince="Western Cape">Goudeveld</location>
[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6E64FD2003F408A1" box="[606,657,669,695]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">GIS</collectionCode>
:
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6EA1FD20039108A1" box="[667,756,669,695]" degrees="33.913" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="-33.913">-33.913</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B387C4F62E5AFF8E6F3AFD21023708A1" box="[768,850,668,695]" degrees="23.948" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" precision="55" value="23.948">23.948</geoCoordinate>
], ex
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6FBFFD2005E008A1" box="[901,1157,669,695]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hamamelidaceae" genus="Trichocladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6FBFFD2005E008A1" box="[901,1157,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Trichocladus ellipticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<date id="A20D84F12E5AFF8E68B1FD20044008A1" box="[1163,1317,669,695]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-13">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E5AFF8E68B1FD20044008A1" box="[1163,1317,669,695]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2006-11-13">13 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5AFF8E690AFD2004FD08A1" box="[1328,1432,669,695]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">B. Jordal</collectorName>
, leg. (7)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6CCCFD7C027408CD" box="[246,785,705,731]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6CCCFD7C000408CD" box="[246,353,705,731]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5AFF8E6D56FD7C00A308CD" box="[364,454,705,731]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
and
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E5AFF8E6DC7FD7C03FF08CD" box="[509,666,705,731]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">five paratypes</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6E85FD7C027408CD" box="[703,785,705,731]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5AFF8E6F26FD7C055B08CD" box="[796,1086,705,731]" collectionCode="ZMUB" country="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E5AFF8E6F26FD7C02A308CD" box="[796,966,705,731]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">eight paratypes</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E6FD0FD7C055B08CD" box="[1002,1086,705,731]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">ZMUB</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
, two in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E68ADFD7C059108CD" box="[1175,1268,705,731]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CFDFD5805BF0951" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CFDFD5805BF0951" blockId="7.[151,1437,596,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CFDFD58002708E9" bold="true" box="[199,322,741,767]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Female frons lightly concave, entire surface covered by soft setae about half the length of setae on scapus, setae shorter in centre; antennal club with two distinct and angularly procurved sutures; elytral interstriae with regular row of erect spatulate setae separated in a row by the length of a seta or slightly less.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CFDFCEC00A10E55" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CFDFCEC00A10E55" blockId="7.[151,1437,596,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CFDFCEC0373097D" bold="true" box="[199,534,849,875]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Description, female. Length</emphasis>
<quantity id="114B0FD42E5AFF8E6E24FCEC03CD097D" box="[542,680,849,875]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.8 mm</quantity>
, 2.6–2.8 × as long as wide; colour dark brown.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E68F1FCEC0475097D" bold="true" box="[1227,1296,849,875]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Frons</emphasis>
lightly concave, entire surface covered by soft setae about half the length of seta on scapus, shorter setae near middle. Eyes separated above by 2.5–2.8 × the width.Antennal scapus triangular with setae as long as antennal club; the club with two angularly procurved sutures.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6E2AFC0003EC09C1" bold="true" box="[528,649,957,983]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Pronotum</emphasis>
with distinct summit, asperities on anterior half; vestiture mixed hairlike, mainly on posterior half, and scale-like, mainly on anterior half.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6F9DFC5C029E09ED" bold="true" box="[935,1019,993,1019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Elytral</emphasis>
interstriae with regular rows of erect and narrowly spatulate setae separated within rows by their length or slightly less, closer on declivity.
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6914FBB804F90E09" bold="true" box="[1326,1436,1029,1055]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Protibiae</emphasis>
with three apical denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CFDFBF002D20E9D" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CFDFBF002D20E9D" blockId="7.[151,1437,596,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CFDFBF0002B0E71" bold="true" box="[199,334,1101,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Etymology.</emphasis>
Composed from the Latin noun
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6E8CFBF003890E71" box="[694,748,1101,1127]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">pilus</emphasis>
in plural,
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6F67FBF002E70E71" box="[861,898,1101,1127]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">pili</emphasis>
, meaning hairs, and the Latin noun
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E692BFBF0042F0E71" box="[1297,1354,1101,1127]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">frons</emphasis>
, meaning forehead, referring to the setose frons in the females of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CF5FB28045E0F75" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CF5FB28045E0F75" blockId="7.[151,1437,596,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CF5FB28009F0EB9" bold="true" box="[207,506,1173,1199]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5AFF8E6E38FB2803F10EB9" box="[514,660,1173,1199]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. Collected in the
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E5AFF8E6F60FB2802800EB9" box="[858,997,1173,1199]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Cape region</collectingRegion>
, in the forests of Tsitsikamma, Knysna and Wilderness. Specimens were dissected from dead branches of
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6FB7FB04040E0EC2" box="[909,1387,1209,1236]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hamamelidaceae" genus="Trichocladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ellipticus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6FB7FB0405EA0EC5" box="[909,1167,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Trichocladus ellipticus</emphasis>
(Hamamelidaceae)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6CADFB63034A0EEE" box="[151,559,1245,1272]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CADFB6300E60EE1" box="[151,387,1246,1271]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Maytenus acuminata</emphasis>
(Celastraceae)
</taxonomicName>
, ranging from
<quantity id="114B0FD42E5AFF8E6EE2FB6002360EE1" box="[728,851,1245,1271]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3 to 10 cm</quantity>
in diameter. Mostly male-female pairs were found, with a few cases of bigamous tunnel systems. In one branch with older broods the females were alone with larvae. Broods ranged from 10 to
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E5AFF8E6D80FA9803450F29" box="[442,544,1317,1343]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="larva">20 larvae</specimenCount>
in a
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6E6EFA9B03A40F29" box="[596,705,1318,1343]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6E6EFA9B03A40F29" box="[596,705,1318,1343]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Maytenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
branch (n=20), while ranging from 25 to
<specimenCount id="C0B569B82E5AFF8E68B6FA9805970F29" box="[1164,1266,1317,1343]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="larva">42 larvae</specimenCount>
in an unknown tree branch (n=12). Females make longitudinal egg tunnels, while larvae make transverse feeding tunnels.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CFDFAD003ED0C01" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CFDFAD003ED0C01" blockId="7.[151,1437,596,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CFDFAD0005E0F91" bold="true" box="[199,315,1389,1415]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Remarks.</emphasis>
Four of the South African
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6E5FFAD0022F0F91" box="[613,842,1389,1415]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6E5FFAD003960F91" box="[613,755,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Diplotrichus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are very similar to each other, the exception being
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E69BBFAD300270FBD" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1962" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="widdringtoniae">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E69BBFAD300270FBD" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">D. widdringtoniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6D6BFA2C03200FBD" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[337,581,1425,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifrons">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6D6BFA2C03200FBD" box="[337,581,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Diplotrichus pilifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6F20FA2F02F10FBD" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[794,916,1425,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6F20FA2F02F10FBD" box="[794,916,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">D. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is distinguished by the angular sutures in the antennal club, slightly shorter setae in the female frons, and by the slightly more spaced interstrial setae which are also has a more spatulate shape. Molecular data unambiguously separate these two species from each other and the other two South African species (
<figureCitation id="4E88BEB42E5AFF8E6E0FFA40031F0C01" box="[565,634,1533,1559]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[321,1265,836,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-198@5.[321,1265,833,1839]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 7. Maximum likelihood tree topology for Diplotrichus based on nucleotides from five gene fragments. Node support values from 100 bootstrap replicates are shown on branches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5540564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5540564/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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205
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<heading id="8D44155D2E5BFF8F6CADF98D03C10C5C" bold="true" box="[151,676,1584,1611]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5BFF8F6CADF98D03C10C5C" authority="(Schedl, 1962)" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[151,676,1584,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="widdringtoniae">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5BFF8F6CADF98D03C10C5C" bold="true" box="[151,676,1584,1611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5BFF8F6CADF98D00880C5D" bold="true" box="[151,493,1584,1611]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Diplotrichus widdringtoniae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E5BFF8F6DC6F98D03F90C5C" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[508,668,1584,1610]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="57 - 74" refId="ref13204" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1962) On some African bark and timber beetles. West African Timber Borer Research Unit, Technical Bulletin, 5, 57 - 74." type="journal article" year="1962">Schedl, 1962</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5BFF8F6CADF9E900270C79" box="[151,322,1620,1647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5BFF8F6CADF9E900270C79" blockId="6.[151,676,1584,1647]" box="[151,322,1620,1647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
(
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)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5BFF8F6CADF927039E0CC6" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5BFF8F6CADF92703B90CA7" blockId="6.[151,763,1689,1744]" box="[151,732,1689,1713]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F6A3851F2E5BFF8F6CADF92703B90CA7" box="[151,732,1689,1713]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<treatmentCitation id="571284202E5BFF8F6CADF92703280CA7" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[151,589,1689,1713]" page="69" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" year="1962">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5BFF8F6CADF92703280CA7" ID-CoL="3S7YN" authority="Schedl, 1962: 69" authorityName="Schedl" authorityPageNumber="69" authorityYear="1962" box="[151,589,1689,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanurgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="widdringtoniae">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5BFF8F6CADF92700FC0CA7" box="[151,409,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Lanurgus widdringtoniae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E5BFF8F6DA5F92403280CA7" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[415,589,1689,1713]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="57 - 74" refId="ref13204" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1962) On some African bark and timber beetles. West African Timber Borer Research Unit, Technical Bulletin, 5, 57 - 74." type="journal article" year="1962">Schedl, 1962: 69</bibRefCitation>
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, orig. spelling
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5BFF8F6CADF905039E0CC6" blockId="6.[151,763,1689,1744]" box="[151,763,1720,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F6A3851F2E5BFF8F6CADF905039E0CC6" box="[151,763,1720,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<treatmentCitation id="571284202E5BFF8F6CADF90503440CC6" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[151,545,1720,1744]" page="281" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" year="1982">
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5BFF8F6CADF90503440CC6" ID-CoL="6KLFV" authority="Schedl, 1982: 281" authorityName="Schedl" authorityPageNumber="281" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,545,1720,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Glostatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplexus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5BFF8F6CADF90500040CC6" box="[151,353,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Glostatus perplexus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E5BFF8F6D5DF90503440CC6" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[359,545,1720,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="277 - 286" refId="ref13336" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1982) Scolytoidea (Coleoptera), mainly from South Africa. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 33, 277 - 286." type="journal article" year="1982">Schedl, 1982: 281</bibRefCitation>
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, syn. by
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E5BFF8F6E41F905039E0CC6" author="Beaver, R. A." box="[635,763,1720,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="277 - 289" refId="ref12647" refString="Beaver, R. A. (2011) New synonymy and taxonomic changes in bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae, Platypodinae) Koleopterologische Rundschau, 81, 277 - 289." type="journal article" year="2011">Beaver 2011</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5BFF8F6CADF943057B0D76" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5BFF8F6CADF943057B0D76" blockId="6.[151,1436,1790,2032]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5BFF8F6CADF943002D0D0E" bold="true" box="[151,328,1790,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5BFF8F6D69F94303740D2A" collectingDate="1959-02-14" collectionCode="NHMW, SANC" collectorName="Cederberg, J. H &amp; Ac. X." country="South Africa" location="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5BFF8F6D69F94300DC0D0E" box="[339,441,1790,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5BFF8F6DFDF943033E0D0E" box="[455,603,1790,1816]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5BFF8F6E50F943027D0D0E" box="[618,792,1790,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Cederberg, J.H</collectorName>
. Grobler,
<date id="A20D84F12E5BFF8F6FB4F94305640D0F" box="[910,1025,1790,1817]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" value="1959-02-14">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E5BFF8F6FB4F94305640D0F" box="[910,1025,1790,1817]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" value="1959-02-14">14.2.1959</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5BFF8F6834F943052A0D0E" box="[1038,1103,1790,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Ac.X.</collectorName>
638 [
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5BFF8F68B6F943058E0D0E" box="[1164,1259,1790,1816]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
,
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5BFF8F68C3F943043E0D0E" box="[1273,1371,1790,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from same collecting event in
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5BFF8F6D83F89C036F0D2A" box="[441,522,1825,1852]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="66DBA86C2E5BFF8F6E24F89F057F0D76" collectingDate="1962-05-01" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="N. Leleup" country="South Africa" elevation="800" location="Seder Berg" municipality="Clanwilliam distr." pageId="6" pageNumber="107" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5BFF8F6E24F89F03EC0D2A" box="[542,649,1826,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5BFF8F6EADF89F021F0D2A" box="[663,890,1826,1852]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Glostatus perplexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Z.A.99,
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,
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</quantity>
,
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C.P., humus under bushes and large stones,
<date id="A20D84F12E5BFF8F6E84F8FB02400D76" box="[702,805,1862,1888]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" value="1962-05-01">
<collectingDate id="B2497D192E5BFF8F6E84F8FB02400D76" box="[702,805,1862,1888]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" value="1962-05-01">1.V.1962</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5BFF8F6F0BF8FB02C40D76" box="[817,929,1862,1888]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">N. Leleup</collectorName>
[
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]
</materialsCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5BFF8F6CFDF8D700270D92" bold="true" box="[199,322,1898,1924]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length
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, 2.4 × as long as wide, colour dark brown; male(?) frons broadly flattened, with low lateral carinae from epistoma to upper level of eyes; antennal club with two clearly marked, weakly procurved, almost bisinuate sutures; setae on elytral interstriae variable in length and colour, in confused rows mixed with ground vestiture of short and broad setae; striae with deep large punctures.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CFDFF2B00040AA6" bold="true" box="[199,353,150,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5AFF8E6D5DFF2B009C0AA6" box="[359,505,150,176]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CFDFF07035B0AEF" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CFDFF0700060AC2" bold="true" box="[199,355,186,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">New records.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="AEA4E2A12E5AFF8E6D50FF07009F0AC2" box="[362,506,186,212]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E5AFF8E6E3FFF0603870AC3" box="[517,738,186,213]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Western Cape prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<locationDeviation id="C7BEBB132E5AFF8E6ED7FF07028B0AC2" box="[749,1006,186,212]" location="Clanwilliam" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<quantity id="114B0FD42E5AFF8E6ED7FF0702560AC2" box="[749,819,186,212]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="km" value="22.0">22 km</quantity>
SE Clanwilliam
</locationDeviation>
,
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[
<collectionCode id="B0A23AF42E5AFF8E68A4FF0705B40AC2" box="[1182,1233,186,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">GIS</collectionCode>
:
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<collectingDate id="B2497D192E5AFF8E6CADFF63007D0AEE" box="[151,280,222,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2007-08-12">08.12.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B46C7E72E5AFF8E6D19FF6200FD0AEE" box="[291,408,222,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">J. Deckert</collectorName>
, leg. [
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5AFF8E6CFDFEBF042C0B72" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5AFF8E6CFDFEBF042C0B72" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6CFDFEBF005E0B0A" bold="true" box="[199,315,258,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Remarks.</emphasis>
Collected on several occasions from
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6ED4FEBF02F50B0A" box="[750,912,258,284]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Widdringtonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6ED4FEBF02F50B0A" box="[750,912,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Widdringtonia</emphasis>
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(African cypress,
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E685CFEBF04660B0A" box="[1126,1283,258,284]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cupressaceae</taxonomicName>
), in the
<collectingRegion id="14776CD32E5AFF8E6959FEBF01BA0B56" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Cape region</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E5AFF8E6CD4FE9B00810B56" author="Wood, S. L. &amp; Bright, D. E." box="[238,484,294,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 1553" refId="ref13399" refString="Wood, S. L. &amp; Bright, D. E. (1992) A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera). Part 2: Taxonomic index. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 13, 1 - 1553." type="journal article" year="1992">Wood &amp; Bright 1992</bibRefCitation>
). It is a unique species in its variegated confused interstrial setae of variable length. However, it has split setae on the metaventrite and first abdominal ventrite as in other
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5AFF8E6866FEF7042C0B72" box="[1116,1353,330,356]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5AFF8E6866FEF7058F0B72" box="[1116,1258,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Diplotrichus</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
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</treatment>
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5CFF886CADFACA004A0F84" bold="true" box="[151,303,1399,1426]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Diplotrichus</emphasis>
Jordal, 2021
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<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5CFF886CADFA66008A0FE5" authority="Schedl, 1950: 106" authorityName="Schedl" authorityPageNumber="106" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,495,1499,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Landolphianus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5CFF886CADFA66004A0FE5" box="[151,303,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Landolphianus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E5CFF886D0CFA66008A0FE5" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[310,495,1499,1523]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" pagination="105 - 111" refId="ref13069" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1950) Fauna Madagascariensis, I. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series A, 4, 105 - 111." type="journal article" year="1950">Schedl, 1950: 106</bibRefCitation>
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, syn. –
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5CFF886E07FA61030C0FE2" box="[573,617,1500,1524]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">type</typeStatus>
species not designated (Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal 2009)
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5CFF886CADFA47006F0C07" box="[151,266,1530,1553]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Micraciops</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E5CFF886D2BFA4700DB0C04" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[273,446,1530,1554]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" pagination="67 - 106" refId="ref13099" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1953) Fauna Madagascariensis, III. Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Memoires, Series E, 8, 67 - 106." type="journal article" year="1953">Schedl, 1953: 86</bibRefCitation>
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, syn. –
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5CFF886E31FA4703520C04" box="[523,567,1530,1554]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">type</typeStatus>
species not designated (Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal 2009)
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5CFF886CADF98600510C42" bold="true" box="[151,308,1594,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
<typeStatus id="09081C932E5CFF886CADF98601B70C43" box="[151,210,1595,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5CFF886D06F98603A70C43" authority="Schedl, 1958" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1958" box="[316,706,1594,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5CFF886D06F98603430C43" box="[316,550,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Diplotrichus gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B222DFC02E5CFF886E17F98603A70C43" author="Schedl, K. E." box="[557,706,1594,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" pagination="557 - 560" refId="ref13129" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1958) A few new African Scolytidae in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 13, 557 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935808650982" type="journal article" year="1958">Schedl, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<subSubSection id="9EA9F1BA2E5CFF886CFDF9E305690D3B" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5CFF886CFDF9E300270C6E" bold="true" box="[199,322,1630,1656]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Antennal scapus inflated, in females usually triangular or rounded (dorsal spine present in one species), funiculus 6-segmented, antennal club with two procurved sutures. All interstriae with a single row of setae (one exception), strial setae very fine, recumbent, in rows. Protibiae with three or four lateral and apical denticles; metatibiae rounded at apicolateral corner. Ventrites 1 and 2 and part of the metaventrite with bifid setae. Proventriculus with crop spines fused into a falcate beak-like structure. Male genitalia with long apophyses, an exceedingly long and enlarged, curled flagellum; tegmen and spiculum gastrale not present.
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<mods:title id="5C3C974605B267E67B4E8E61093A3B2A">An integrated taxonomic revision of Diplotrichus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) supports a Malagasy origin and single colonisation of South Africa</mods:title>
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Key to the species of
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<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B6DA7FC37035009B3" bold="true" box="[413,565,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Diplotrichus</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADFC6D04F90E14" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">1 South African species; interstrial setae rather long in most species, separated by less than their length; body 2.4–2.9 × as long as wide; elytral declivity steep, rounded................................................................... 2</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADFBB604F90E28" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADFBB604F90E28" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">- Malagasy species; interstrial setae rather short, in all except two species separated by their length or more, or if not, stout species &lt;2.4 × as long as wide, or elytral apex extended......................................................... 6</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADFBF804F80E61" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADFBF804F80E61" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
2 Interstrial setae of variable length, the overall appearance dotted or slightly variegated; sutures on antennal club weakly procurved, almost bisinuate; length
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.................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B68D6FBDE04F80E61" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[1260,1437,1122,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="widdringtoniae">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B68D6FBDE04F80E61" box="[1260,1437,1122,1144]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. widdringtoniae</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADFB3D04F90E83" box="[151,1436,1152,1174]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">- Interstrial setae of fairly similar length; sutures on antennal club strongly procurved; length &lt;2.0 mm.................. 3</keyLead>
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frons densely pilose............................................................................ 4
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<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADFB0604F90EC6" box="[151,1436,1210,1232]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">- Female frons with short setae or glabrous on central half...................................................... 5</keyLead>
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4 Broadest setae on posterior half of pronotum clearly spatulate; interstrial setae 2–3 × as long as wide, densely placed within rows, on interstriae
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part confused..............................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B690CFB4B04F90F1C" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1334,1436,1269,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B690CFB4B04F90F1C" box="[1334,1436,1269,1291]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. gracilis</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADFAAE04F80F53" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
- Broadest setae on posterior half of pronotum bristle-like; interstrial setae 3–5 × as long as wide, separated within rows by their length (or slightly less), setae on all interstriae uniseriate.......................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B68E5FA8D04290F53" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1247,1356,1328,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifrons" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B68E5FA8D04290F53" box="[1247,1356,1328,1349]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. pilifrons</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADFAF004F80F96" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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frons on central lower half glabrous, a broad ring of short setae around glabrous area; sutures on antennal club angulate................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B68EAFAD604290F69" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1232,1356,1386,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvifrons" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B68EAFAD604290F69" box="[1232,1356,1386,1408]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. calvifrons</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADFA3504F80FAC" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADFA3504F80FAC" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
- Female frons evenly covered by short setae, increasing slightly in length from vertex to epistoma; sutures on antennal club bisinuate..............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B68D1FA1B04290FAC" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1259,1356,1445,1467]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B68D1FA1B04290FAC" box="[1259,1356,1445,1467]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. medius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5FFF8B6968FA1804F80FAC" box="[1362,1437,1445,1466]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
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<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5FFF8B6CADFA7F04F90C26" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADFA7F04F90FE3" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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6 Dorsal side of female scapus with long spike; female frons broadly concave, surface velvety; interstrial setae on declivity broader than on disc............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B697CFA5D04F90FE3" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[1350,1436,1504,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B697CFA5D04F90FE3" box="[1350,1436,1504,1525]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. minor</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADFA4004F90C26" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADFA4004F90C26" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">- Female scapus broadly triangular with rounded edges; female frons never velvety; interstrial setae in most species spatulate on disc and declivity, if not, hair-like or absent, or elytral apex inflated............................................. 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5FFF8B6CADF98504F90CD4" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADF98504F90C7C" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADF98504F90C7C" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">7 Elytral apex tapered or lightly inflated, posterolateral margins distinctly serrated; female frons with very dense, long brush of golden setae; anterior margin of pronotum forming a rim with raised teeth........................................ 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADF9CE04F90CD4" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADF9CE04F90CD4" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">- Elytral apex broadly rounded, declivity steep, posterolateral margins smooth or at most finely granulated; female frons usually moderately setose (if not, interstrial setae shaped as semi-recumbent scales and placed in irregular confused rows); anterior margin of pronotum without a rim....................................................................... 11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5FFF8B6CADF97704F90D21" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADF97704F80CEB" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
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8 Antennal scapus in females distinctly angulate, falcate; female frons with a long dorsal tuft of projecting setae; elytral apex with only a slight inflation; interstrial setae on disk hair-like.........................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B68D9F95504290CEB" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1251,1356,1768,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B68D9F95504290CEB" box="[1251,1356,1768,1789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. falcatus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5FFF8B6968F95504F80CEB" box="[1362,1437,1768,1789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADF8B804F90D21" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADF8B804F90D21" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">- Female scapus not abruptly angulate; female frons with long setae recumbent downward, not projecting; elytral apex with obvious inflation or projection; interstrial setae spatulate throughout................................................ 9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5FFF8B6CADF8FD04F80DBB" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADF8FD04F90D64" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADF8FD04F90D64" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">9 Elytral apex distinctly tapered; interstrial setae in strict rows; female frons (if known) with one very broad and long tuft of setae.............................................................................................. 10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADF8C604F80DBB" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADF8C604F80DBB" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
- Elytral apex inflated but not strongly tapered; interstrial setae in very slightly irregular rows; upper female frons with to short tufts of setae........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B68F6F82504280DBB" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1228,1357,1944,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchellus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B68F6F82504280DBB" box="[1228,1357,1944,1965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. pulchellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5FFF8B6968F82504F80DBB" box="[1362,1437,1944,1965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5FFF8B6CADF80804F80DFE" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADF80804F80DDD" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" box="[151,1437,1973,1995]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADF80804F80DDD" box="[151,1437,1973,1995]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
10 Interstrial setae truncated, about twice as long as broad................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B6902F80B04F80DDD" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[1336,1437,1974,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignotus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B6902F80B04F80DDD" box="[1336,1437,1974,1995]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. ignotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5FFF8B6CADF86E04F80DFE" blockId="2.[151,1437,976,2024]" box="[151,1437,2002,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5FFF8B6CADF86E04F80DFE" box="[151,1437,2002,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
- Interstrial setae spatulate, not truncated, 3–4 × as long as broad..................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5FFF8B68D0F86E04290DFE" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1258,1356,2003,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutior" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5FFF8B68D0F86E04290DFE" box="[1258,1356,2003,2024]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">D. acutior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5FFF8B6968F86E04F80DFE" box="[1362,1437,2003,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5EFF8A6CADFF2504F90ADC" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFF2504F90ABA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[151,1436,151,173]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFF2504F90ABA" box="[151,1436,151,173]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
11 Elytra with very short hair-like interstrial setae, appearing glabrous at low magnification..................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A6928FF2504F90ABA" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[1298,1436,151,173]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euphorbiae">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A6928FF2504F90ABA" box="[1298,1436,151,173]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. euphorbiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFF0804F90ADC" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[151,1436,181,203]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFF0804F90ADC" box="[151,1436,181,203]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">- Elytra with distinct rows of erect interstrial setae........................................................... 12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5EFF8A6CADFF6F04F90B34" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFF6F04F90B13" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFF6F04F90B13" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
12 Interstrial setae scale-like, semi-recumbent, some in irregular confused rows; female frons with long golden setae...................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A6919FF4D04F90B13" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[1315,1436,240,261]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catenatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A6919FF4D04F90B13" box="[1315,1436,240,261]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. catenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFEB004F90B34" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFEB004F90B34" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">- Interstrial setae erect, in regular rows; female frons with short setae, never longer than width of club...................13</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5EFF8A6CADFE9704F90B81" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFE9704F80B4B" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFE9704F80B4B" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
13 Interstriae 4–6 on declivity interrupted by stria 3, setae very closely placed in irregular rows; body 2.1 x as long as wide..........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A68CAFEF504280B4A" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1264,1357,327,349]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plenus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A68CAFEF504280B4A" box="[1264,1357,327,349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. plenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5EFF8A6968FEF504F80B4B" box="[1362,1437,328,349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFED804F90B81" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFED804F90B81" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">- All interstriae reaching elytral apex, setae usually in regular rows and spaced by their length or nearly so; body proportions variable, the majority of species more elongate............................................................ 14</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5EFF8A6CADFE1D04F9081B" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFE1D04F80BC4" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFE1D04F80BC4" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
14 Interstrial setae hairlike on disc, hair- or bristle-like on declivity; posterior half of elytra strongly tuberculate; antennal club with two transverse sutures................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A6882FE0004290BC4" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1208,1356,445,466]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A6882FE0004290BC4" box="[1208,1356,445,466]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. tuberculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5EFF8A6968FE0004F80BC4" box="[1362,1437,445,466]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFE6604F9081B" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFE6604F9081B" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">- Interstrial setae spatulate; posterior and lateral margins of elytra nearly smooth (lightly granulated in two species); antennal club with two procurved sutures............................................................................ 15</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5EFF8A6CADFDA804F9085E" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFDA804F9083C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[151,1436,533,555]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFDA804F9083C" box="[151,1436,533,555]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
15 Tiny species, 0.9–1.0 mm long, 2.1–2.2 × as long as wide...........................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A6918FDA804F9083C" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[1314,1436,533,554]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosipes">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A6918FDA804F9083C" box="[1314,1436,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. rugosipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFD8E04F9085E" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[151,1436,562,584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFD8E04F9085E" box="[151,1436,562,584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
- Larger species,&gt;
<quantity id="114B0FD42E5EFF8A6DBCFD8F00AA085E" box="[390,463,562,584]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
long, all except one species 2.4–2.8 × as long as wide................................... 16
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5EFF8A6CADFDF204F90889" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFDF204F80894" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFDF204F80894" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
16 Posterolateral margins of elytra granulated; male frons deeply concave, smooth, impressed area just above upper level of eyes with two small and deeper pits..........................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A68FDFDD004290894" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1223,1356,621,642]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A68FDFDD004290894" box="[1223,1356,621,642]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. granulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5EFF8A6968FDD004F80894" box="[1362,1437,621,642]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFD3604F90889" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[151,1436,650,672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFD3604F90889" box="[151,1436,650,672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">- Posterolateral margins of elytra at most finely rugose; male frons flattened, or impressed on lower half only............ 17</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5EFF8A6CADFD1504F908CC" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFD1504F808AB" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[151,1437,679,701]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFD1504F808AB" box="[151,1437,679,701]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
17 Stout species, 2.2 × as long as wide.......................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A68E7FD15042808AA" authority="Jordal, 2021" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[1245,1357,679,701]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A68E7FD15042808AA" box="[1245,1357,679,701]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF4C3582E5EFF8A6968FD1504F808AB" box="[1362,1437,680,701]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFD7804F908CC" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[151,1436,709,731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFD7804F908CC" box="[151,1436,709,731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">- More elongated species, 2.4–2.8 × as long as wide.......................................................... 18</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5EFF8A6CADFD5F04F90959" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFD5F04F90902" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFD5F04F90902" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
18 Pronotum long, elytra only 1.3–1.4 × as long as pronotum; setae on interstriae 1 irregular, spaced within rows by much less than their length...................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A6904FCBD04F90902" baseAuthorityName="Shedl" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[1342,1436,767,789]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A6904FCBD04F90902" box="[1342,1436,767,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. obesus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFCA004F90959" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFCA004F90959" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">- Elytra more elongated, 1.6–1.9 × as long as pronotum; all interstrial setae in regular rows, separated within rows by their length............................................................................................. 19</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6D47BA942E5EFF8A6CA7FCE504F9099C" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CA7FCE504F9097A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[157,1436,855,877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CA7FCE504F9097A" box="[157,1436,855,877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
19 Elytral disc faintly impressed in middle; striae 3–6 lightly impressed; pronotal summit on posterior third...
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A693AFCE504F9097A" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[1280,1436,855,877]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdepressus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A693AFCE504F9097A" box="[1280,1436,855,877]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. subdepressus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60CA2312E5EFF8A6CADFCC804F9099C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,907]" box="[151,1436,885,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<keyLead id="6D4201042E5EFF8A6CADFCC804F9099C" box="[151,1436,885,907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
- Elytral disk flat; striae not impressed; pronotal summit at middle.......................................
<taxonomicName id="11B3D9B22E5EFF8A6918FCC804F9099C" baseAuthorityName="Schedl" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[1314,1436,885,906]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diplotrichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="E4C77E232E5EFF8A6918FCC804F9099C" box="[1314,1436,885,906]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
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<mods:date id="9D1F2ED9232567015CFB553C94A47697">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4FCFB1AD9362FD08B78A6440BC5134CA" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="3F33206585904EE8ECC397B7661B20C7">2019-11-18</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6943BFEAA6828F149B61700CC7B7382A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A098C02469ADE9BCDD0A8D20FEA64EA9">53</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="141DB9A8D4AB8C64085EB79F7C80B206" type="issue">
<mods:number id="D9EE9587EF3E7FA26CA0FB6E192B299C">33</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="4B9CFC4F6468F3755CB86F7538335601" unit="page">
<mods:start id="EB1439940C8A88CD1C91DB280DDFC38C">2099</mods:start>
<mods:end id="58D6198E6BBC1527E900468E57C1D8B4">2104</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="9D4DA69DAABC57615FAEA5AECBD02790">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A865D4CF3422172B01D13C9B18538FFE" type="CLB-Dataset">24126</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="73B619B0EAC732AE69970D8A8E2A0E29" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2019.1692087</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A4E7A6F3E18230560F8A9EB0763E077A" type="GBIF-Dataset">9f3d818c-295f-42b5-b5ee-e1ea21efd96f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E7117ED897AF04D82A67A9C6A225662D" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7355E14A011BDFD9491DD37CFF36DA16" type="Zenodo-Dep">3654729</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="5E1A8B150033FF8DF19CFE60BAD1FA20" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3664154" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162054564" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3664154" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A8B150033FF8DF19CFE60BAD1FA20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E1A8B150033FF8DF19CFE60BAD1FA20" lastPageId="4" pageId="2">
<subSubSection id="9EA969880033FF8BF19CFE60B976FE7A" box="[463,853,434,460]" pageId="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030033FF8BF19CFE60B976FE7A" blockId="2.[463,853,434,494]" box="[463,853,434,460]" pageId="2">
<heading id="8D448D6F0033FF8BF19CFE60B976FE7A" box="[463,853,434,460]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="11B341800033FF8BF19CFE60B8CDFE7A" authority="Li" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="2019" box="[463,750,434,460]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polyacantha" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF19CFE60B8F2FE7A" bold="true" box="[463,721,434,460]" italics="true" pageId="2">Gargela polyacantha</emphasis>
Li
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF45B6A0033FF8BF2A9FE61B976FE7A" box="[762,853,435,460]" pageId="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880033FF8BF241FE07B932FE58" box="[530,785,469,494]" pageId="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030033FF8BF241FE07B932FE58" blockId="2.[463,853,434,494]" box="[530,785,469,494]" pageId="2">
(
<figureCitation id="4E8826860033FF8BF249FE07B881FE58" box="[538,674,469,494]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="2.[160,235,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,951,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1152,950,1615]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1–4. Adults and heads of Gargela spp. 1–2. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 1. Adult, paratype, female; 2. Head in lateral view, paratype, male; 3–4. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov.: 3. Adult, paratype, male; 4. Head in lateral view, paratype, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654733/files/figure.png" pageId="2">
Figures 1
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF2D5FE07B8B7FE58" box="[646,660,469,494]" italics="true" pageId="2">–</emphasis>
2
</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="4E8826860033FF8BF28CFE07B92AFE58" box="[735,777,469,494]" captionStart="Figures 5–7" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1350,1373]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1152,142,1318]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–7. Genitalia of Gargela spp. 5–6. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 5. Holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW11018; 6. Paratype, female, genital prep. no. LW11058; 7. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov., holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW19073. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654737/files/figure.png" pageId="2">
5
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF2BEFE07B8D8FE58" box="[749,763,469,494]" italics="true" pageId="2">–</emphasis>
6
</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880033FF8BF0F3FDE9BBECFCCC" pageId="2" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030033FF8BF0F3FDE9BB28FDE3" blockId="2.[160,1155,571,666]" box="[160,267,571,597]" pageId="2">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF0F3FDE9BB28FDE3" bold="true" box="[160,267,571,597]" italics="true" pageId="2">
<typeStatus id="090884A10033FF8BF0F3FDE9BB28FDE3" box="[160,267,571,597]" pageId="2" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030033FF8BF0F3FDB2BE4FFD2C" blockId="2.[160,1155,571,666]" pageId="2">
<materialsCitation id="66DB305E0033FF8BF0F3FDB2BE4FFD2C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564257805" collectingDate="1979-10-27" collectorName="Yujian Lin" country="China" county="Mengla County" latitude="101.55" location="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture" municipality="Male" pageId="2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingMunicipality id="3668A0790033FF8BF0F3FDB2BAFAFDCE" box="[160,217,608,632]" pageId="2">Male</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="AEA47A930033FF8BF0BAFDB2BB16FDCE" box="[233,309,608,632]" name="China" pageId="2">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="1477F4E10033FF8BF116FDB2B82FFDCE" box="[325,524,608,632]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="D36C6CD80033FF8BF24FFDB2BE03FDCE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A8B150033FF8DF19CFE60BAD1FA20:D36C6CD80033FF8BF24FFDB2BE03FDCE" box="[540,1056,608,632]" country="China" county="Mengla County" latitude="101.55" municipality="Male" name="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture" pageId="2" stateProvince="Yunnan">Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="3F6D428F0033FF8BF47CFDB2BAD2FD2C" pageId="2">Mengla County</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="B3875CC40033FF8BF0ACFD50BB78FD2C" box="[255,347,642,666]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" precision="925" value="21.483334">21°29´N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B3875CC40033FF8BF135FD50BBECFD2C" box="[358,463,642,666]" degrees="101" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" precision="925" value="101.55">101°33´N</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="A20D1CC30033FF8BF1B2FD50B8BCFD2C" box="[481,671,642,666]" pageId="2" value="1979-10-27">
<collectingDate id="B249E52B0033FF8BF1B2FD50B8BCFD2C" box="[481,671,642,666]" pageId="2" value="1979-10-27">27 October 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="7B465FD50033FF8BF28DFD50B96CFD2C" box="[734,847,642,666]" pageId="2">Yujian Lin</collectorName>
, prep. gen. no. LW11018.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030033FF8BF0F3FD04BB36FD46" blockId="2.[160,1156,726,890]" box="[160,277,726,752]" pageId="2">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF0F3FD04BB36FD46" bold="true" box="[160,277,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="2">
<typeStatus id="090884A10033FF8BF0F3FD04BB36FD46" box="[160,277,726,752]" pageId="2" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030033FF8BF0F3FD28BBECFCCC" blockId="2.[160,1156,726,890]" pageId="2">
<materialsCitation id="66DB305E0033FF8BF0F3FD28BBE9FCCC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564257807" country="China" latitude="28.616667" location="Mayanghe Nature Reserves" longLatPrecision="1231" longitude="108.3" municipality="Four" pageId="2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guizhou" typeStatus="holotype">
Three males, Three females, same data as the
<typeStatus id="090884A10033FF8BF2F3FD28B924FCA4" box="[672,775,762,786]" pageId="2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, except date
<date id="A20D1CC30033FF8BF3C9FD28BEA3FCA4" box="[922,1152,762,786]" pageId="2" value="1979-10-26" valueMax="1979-10-27" valueMin="1979-10-26">
26
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF3E5FD28B9E0FCA4" box="[950,963,762,786]" italics="true" pageId="2">–</emphasis>
27 October 1979
</date>
, genital prep. no. LW11058;
<collectingMunicipality id="3668A0790033FF8BF180FCCFB825FC83" box="[467,518,797,821]" pageId="2">Four</collectingMunicipality>
males, one female,
<collectingCountry id="AEA47A930033FF8BF2B5FCCFB911FC83" box="[742,818,797,821]" name="China" pageId="2">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="1477F4E10033FF8BF36FFCCFBE20FC83" box="[828,1027,797,821]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="2">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="D36C6CD80033FF8BF45DFCCFBB74FCEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A8B150033FF8DF19CFE60BAD1FA20:D36C6CD80033FF8BF45DFCCFBB74FCEE" country="China" latitude="28.616667" longLatPrecision="1231" longitude="108.3" municipality="Four" name="Mayanghe Nature Reserves" pageId="2" stateProvince="Guizhou">Mayanghe Nature Reserves</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="B3875CC40033FF8BF13BFC92BBE2FCEE" box="[360,449,831,856]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" precision="925" value="28.616667">
28°37
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF1FBFCEDBB8DFCE1" bold="true" box="[424,430,831,855]" italics="true" pageId="2">′</emphasis>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B3875CC40033FF8BF183FC92B811FCEE" box="[464,562,831,856]" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" precision="925" value="108.3">
108°18
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF24FFCEDB801FCE1" bold="true" box="[540,546,831,855]" italics="true" pageId="2">′</emphasis>
E
</geoCoordinate>
), ca.
<quantity id="114B97E60033FF8BF23CFC92B89BFCEE" box="[623,696,832,856]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
a.s.l.,
<date id="A20D1CC30033FF8BF352FC92B999FCEE" box="[769,954,832,856]" pageId="2" value="2012-08-26">26 August 2012</date>
, coll.
<location id="D36C6CD80033FF8BF3ADFC92BEA3FCEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A8B150033FF8DF19CFE60BAD1FA20:D36C6CD80033FF8BF3ADFC92BEA3FCEE" box="[1022,1152,832,856]" country="China" name="Weichun Li" pageId="2" stateProvince="Guizhou">Weichun Li</location>
, genital prep. no. LW11017
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="82CC6A8B0033FF8BF0F3F9BFB843F909" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654733" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3654733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654733/files/figure.png" pageId="2" startId="2.[160,235,1645,1668]" targetBox="[164,1151,951,1615]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030033FF8BF0F3F9BFB843F909" blockId="2.[160,1157,1645,1727]" pageId="2">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF0F3F9BFBB3CF932" bold="true" box="[160,287,1645,1668]" pageId="2">Figures 1–4.</emphasis>
Adults and heads of
<taxonomicName id="11B341800033FF8BF1AEF9BFB864F932" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1864" box="[509,583,1645,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF1AEF9BFB864F932" box="[509,583,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="2">Gargela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. 1–2.
<taxonomicName id="11B341800033FF8BF2E7F9BFB941F932" authority="Li" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="2019" box="[692,866,1645,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polyacantha" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF2E7F9BFB964F932" box="[692,839,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="2">G. polyacantha</emphasis>
Li
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF45B6A0033FF8BF33DF9BFB99CF932" box="[878,959,1645,1668]" pageId="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: 1. Adult, paratype, female; 2. Head in lateral view, paratype, male; 3–4.
<taxonomicName id="11B341800033FF8BF2FDF958B94BF914" authority="Li" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="2019" box="[686,872,1674,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandispinata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110033FF8BF2FDF958B96DF917" box="[686,846,1674,1697]" italics="true" pageId="2">G. grandispinata</emphasis>
Li
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF45B6A0033FF8BF321F959B9E0F914" box="[882,963,1675,1698]" pageId="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: 3. Adult, paratype, male; 4. Head in lateral view, paratype, male.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="82CC6A8B0032FF8AF0F3FA94B88CFA21" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654737" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3654737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654737/files/figure.png" pageId="3" startId="3.[160,235,1350,1373]" targetBox="[164,1149,143,1318]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030032FF8AF0F3FA94B88CFA21" blockId="3.[160,1157,1349,1431]" pageId="3">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110032FF8AF0F3FA94BB3FFAEB" bold="true" box="[160,284,1350,1373]" pageId="3">Figures 5–7.</emphasis>
Genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="11B341800032FF8AF1CAFA97BBC0FAEA" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1864" box="[409,483,1349,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110032FF8AF1CAFA97BBC0FAEA" box="[409,483,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gargela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. 5–6.
<taxonomicName id="11B341800032FF8AF214FA97B8D2FAEB" authority="Li" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="2019" box="[583,753,1349,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polyacantha" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110032FF8AF214FA97B8FBFAEA" box="[583,728,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. polyacantha</emphasis>
Li
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF45B6A0032FF8AF2AAFA94B96BFAEB" box="[761,840,1350,1373]" pageId="3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: 5. Holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW11018; 6. Paratype, female, genital prep. no. LW11058; 7.
<taxonomicName id="11B341800032FF8AF341FAB0B9EAFACC" authority="Li" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="2019" box="[786,969,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandispinata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110032FF8AF341FAB0B993FACF" box="[786,944,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. grandispinata</emphasis>
Li
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF45B6A0032FF8AF382FAB1BE3CFACC" box="[977,1055,1379,1402]" pageId="3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW19073. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880032FF8DF0F3FA03BE06FF7F" lastPageId="4" pageId="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030032FF8AF0F3FA03BB37FA5D" blockId="3.[160,1156,1489,1723]" box="[160,276,1489,1515]" pageId="3">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110032FF8AF0F3FA03BB37FA5D" bold="true" box="[160,276,1489,1515]" italics="true" pageId="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030032FF8DF0F3FA27BE06FF7F" blockId="3.[160,1156,1489,1723]" lastBlockId="4.[160,1155,142,201]" lastPageId="4" pageId="3">
This new species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="11B341800032FF8AF1AFFA26B9F6F9BB" authority="Song, Chen &amp; Wu, 2009" authorityName="Song, Chen &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2009" box="[508,981,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainana">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110032FF8AF1AFFA26B894F9BB" box="[508,695,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gargela hainana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B22247F20032FF8AF292FA27B9F6F9BB" author="Song SM &amp; Chen FQ &amp; Wu CS" box="[705,981,1525,1549]" pageId="3" pagination="40 - 56" refId="ref2387" refString="Song SM, Chen FQ, Wu CS. 2009. A review of the genus Gargela Walker in China, with descriptions of ten new species (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Crambinae). Zootaxa. 2090: 40 - 56. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2090.1." type="journal article" year="2009">Song, Chen &amp; Wu, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with the valva concave at distal part of ventral margin, the distal projection of costa exceeding the apex of valva in the male genitalia. But it can be distinguished by the dorsally convex costa, the juxta is oblong and the phallus with many tiny spine-like cornuti in the male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="4E8826860032FF8AF0F4F952BB26F92E" box="[167,261,1664,1688]" captionStart="Figures 5–7" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1350,1373]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1152,142,1318]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–7. Genitalia of Gargela spp. 5–6. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 5. Holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW11018; 6. Paratype, female, genital prep. no. LW11058; 7. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov., holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW19073. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654737/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Figure 5</figureCitation>
), and the basal half of ductus bursae covered with dense tiny spines in female genitalia (
<figureCitation id="4E8826860032FF8AF144F971BB58F90D" box="[279,379,1699,1723]" captionStart="Figures 5–7" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1350,1373]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1152,142,1318]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–7. Genitalia of Gargela spp. 5–6. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 5. Holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW11018; 6. Paratype, female, genital prep. no. LW11058; 7. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov., holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW19073. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654737/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Figure 6</figureCitation>
). In
<taxonomicName id="11B341800032FF8AF1E8F970B818F90D" authorityName="Song, Chen &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2009" box="[443,571,1698,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainana">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110032FF8AF1E8F970B818F90D" box="[443,571,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. hainana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the male genitalia has a nearly straight costa, a V-shaped juxta and a row of cornuti (
<bibRefCitation id="B22247F20035FF8DF204FF5CB92CFF10" author="Song SM &amp; Chen FQ &amp; Wu CS" box="[599,783,142,166]" pageId="4" pagination="40 - 56" refId="ref2387" refString="Song SM, Chen FQ, Wu CS. 2009. A review of the genus Gargela Walker in China, with descriptions of ten new species (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Crambinae). Zootaxa. 2090: 40 - 56. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2090.1." type="journal article" year="2009">Song et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
, p. 47, figure 17), and the female genitalia without spines in the ductus bursae (
<bibRefCitation id="B22247F20035FF8DF2F9FF63B942FF7F" author="Song SM &amp; Chen FQ &amp; Wu CS" box="[682,865,177,201]" pageId="4" pagination="40 - 56" refId="ref2387" refString="Song SM, Chen FQ, Wu CS. 2009. A review of the genus Gargela Walker in China, with descriptions of ten new species (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Crambinae). Zootaxa. 2090: 40 - 56. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2090.1." type="journal article" year="2009">Song et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
, p. 47, figure 28).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880035FF8DF0F3FF2CB82EFBDA" pageId="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3FF2CBB05FEAE" blockId="4.[160,1156,254,662]" box="[160,294,254,280]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3FF2CBB05FEAE" bold="true" box="[160,294,254,280]" italics="true" pageId="4">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3FEF3B863FD20" blockId="4.[160,1156,254,662]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3FEF3BBA8FE8D" bold="true" box="[160,395,289,315]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3FEF3BAFCFE8D" bold="true" box="[160,223,289,315]" italics="true" pageId="4">Adult</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4E8826860035FF8DF0BCFEF3BB58FE8D" box="[239,379,289,315]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="2.[160,235,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,951,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1152,950,1615]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1–4. Adults and heads of Gargela spp. 1–2. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 1. Adult, paratype, female; 2. Head in lateral view, paratype, male; 3–4. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov.: 3. Adult, paratype, male; 4. Head in lateral view, paratype, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654733/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Figures 1–2</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Forewing length 4.5
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF228FEF1B8ABFE8D" box="[635,648,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="4">–</emphasis>
5.0 mm. Frons and vertex silvery white. Labial palpus distal tip exceeding vertex; silvery white, first and second segments pale brown dorsally. Maxillary palpus silvery white except first segment pale brown. Antenna scapus white mixed with brown; flagellomere silvery white on dorsal surface, pale brown on ventral surface. Patagium, thorax and tegula white. Forewing silvery white; medial line pale brown, convex at costal one-third; subterminal line pale brown mixed pale yellow, convex at costal one-third and bent inwards at dorsal two-fifths; marginal area suffused with three pale yellow longitudinal fasciae along veins and one blackish brown spot between M3 and Cu1; apex silvery white with blackish brown termen, with golden oblique stripe; cilia silvery white mixed with pale yellow. Hindwing white; cilia white. Abdomen pale brown, distally white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3FD19B844FC03" blockId="4.[160,1156,715,949]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3FD19BBEEFD53" bold="true" box="[160,461,715,741]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3FD19BB6AFD53" bold="true" box="[160,329,715,741]" italics="true" pageId="4">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4E8826860035FF8DF10AFD19BB9EFD53" box="[345,445,715,741]" captionStart="Figures 5–7" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1350,1373]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1152,142,1318]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–7. Genitalia of Gargela spp. 5–6. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 5. Holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW11018; 6. Paratype, female, genital prep. no. LW11058; 7. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov., holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW19073. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654737/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Figure 5</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Uncus curved downward, tapering to pointed apex. Gnathos curved upward slightly, distally pointed. Tegumen about three times as long as gnathos. Valva broad basally, narrowed towards blunt apex; distal one-third concave on ventral margin. Costa strongly sclerotised, dorsally convex at approximately middle, distal half tapering to strongly incurved spine-like projection, distal tip exceeding apex of valva. Juxta oblong, distally with two thumb-like projections. Phallus nearly as long as valva; cornuti composed of many small spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3FC39B82EFBDA" blockId="4.[160,1156,1003,1132]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3FC39BBD9FBB3" bold="true" box="[160,506,1003,1029]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3FC39BB48FBB3" bold="true" box="[160,363,1003,1029]" italics="true" pageId="4">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4E8826860035FF8DF1D2FC39BBC8FBB3" box="[385,491,1003,1029]" captionStart="Figures 5–7" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1350,1373]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1152,142,1318]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–7. Genitalia of Gargela spp. 5–6. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 5. Holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW11018; 6. Paratype, female, genital prep. no. LW11058; 7. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov., holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW19073. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654737/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Figure 6</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Papillae anales nearly as long as apophysis posterior. Tergite eight approximately half as long as apophysis anterior. Ductus bursae long and thin, basal half slightly sclerotised and covered with dense tiny spines. Corpus bursae ovate, with two thorn-like signa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880035FF8DF0F3FB70BB9DFB68" box="[160,446,1186,1246]" pageId="4" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3FB70BB0FFB0A" blockId="4.[160,446,1186,1246]" box="[160,300,1186,1212]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3FB70BB0FFB0A" bold="true" box="[160,300,1186,1212]" italics="true" pageId="4">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3FB14BB9DFB68" blockId="4.[160,446,1186,1246]" box="[160,446,1222,1246]" pageId="4">
<collectingCountry id="AEA47A930035FF8DF0F3FB14BAC3FB68" box="[160,224,1222,1246]" name="China" pageId="4">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="1477F4E10035FF8DF0BDFB14BB73FB68" box="[238,336,1222,1246]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="4">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="1477F4E10035FF8DF109FB14BB96FB68" box="[346,437,1222,1246]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880035FF8DF0F3FAC6BAD1FA20" pageId="4" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3FAC6BB3EFA98" blockId="4.[160,1155,1300,1430]" box="[160,285,1300,1326]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3FAC6BB3EFA98" bold="true" box="[160,285,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="4">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3FAEABAD1FA20" blockId="4.[160,1155,1300,1430]" pageId="4">
The specific name is derived from the Latin
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF2C4FAE5B90AFAE6" box="[663,809,1335,1360]" italics="true" pageId="4">polyacanthus</emphasis>
= spinous, in reference to the species has many spine-like cornuti in the phallus and with dense spines in the ductus bursae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

182
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<mods:title id="614B59CE996F57313007CBC7C2C45A42">Notes on the genus Gargela (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) ı with descriptions of two new species from China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6722F93AF14DB843C6E86A8F6F7F4BFE">Yang, Jingbo</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="5E1A8B150035FF8CF196FA0FBB66FA51" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3664158" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162054563" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3664158" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A8B150035FF8CF196FA0FBB66FA51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E1A8B150035FF8CF196FA0FBB66FA51" lastPageId="5" pageId="4">
<subSubSection id="9EA969880035FF8DF196FA0FB97CFA41" box="[453,863,1501,1527]" pageId="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF196FA0FB97CFA41" blockId="4.[453,863,1501,1561]" box="[453,863,1501,1527]" pageId="4">
<heading id="8D448D6F0035FF8DF196FA0FB97CFA41" box="[453,863,1501,1527]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="11B341800035FF8DF196FA0FB8DBFA41" authority="Li" authorityName="Li" authorityYear="2019" box="[453,760,1501,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Gargela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandispinata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF196FA0FB8F9FA41" bold="true" box="[453,730,1501,1527]" italics="true" pageId="4">Gargela grandispinata</emphasis>
Li
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF45B6A0035FF8DF350FA0CB97CFA41" box="[771,863,1502,1527]" pageId="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880035FF8DF273F9D2B920F9AF" box="[544,771,1536,1561]" pageId="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF273F9D2B920F9AF" blockId="4.[453,863,1501,1561]" box="[544,771,1536,1561]" pageId="4">
(
<figureCitation id="4E8826860035FF8DF27BF9D2B893F9AF" box="[552,688,1536,1561]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="2.[160,235,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,951,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1152,950,1615]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1–4. Adults and heads of Gargela spp. 1–2. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 1. Adult, paratype, female; 2. Head in lateral view, paratype, male; 3–4. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov.: 3. Adult, paratype, male; 4. Head in lateral view, paratype, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654733/files/figure.png" pageId="4">
Figures 3
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF2C7F9D2B881F9AF" box="[660,674,1536,1561]" italics="true" pageId="4">–</emphasis>
4
</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="4E8826860035FF8DF2BEF9D2B8D8F9AF" box="[749,763,1536,1561]" captionStart="Figures 5–7" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1350,1373]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1152,142,1318]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–7. Genitalia of Gargela spp. 5–6. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 5. Holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW11018; 6. Paratype, female, genital prep. no. LW11058; 7. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov., holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW19073. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654737/files/figure.png" pageId="4">7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880035FF8CF0F3F9B2B874FF7C" lastPageId="5" pageId="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3F9B2BB28F9CC" blockId="4.[160,1156,1632,1727]" box="[160,267,1632,1658]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110035FF8DF0F3F9B2BB28F9CC" bold="true" box="[160,267,1632,1658]" italics="true" pageId="4">
<typeStatus id="090884A10035FF8DF0F3F9B2BB28F9CC" box="[160,267,1632,1658]" pageId="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030035FF8DF0F3F957B95DF909" blockId="4.[160,1156,1632,1727]" pageId="4">
<materialsCitation id="66DB305E0035FF8DF0F3F957B95DF909" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564257806" collectingDate="2010-08-16" collectorName="Weichun Li" country="China" latitude="114.2" location="Wutongshan National Natural Park" municipality="Male" pageId="4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingMunicipality id="3668A0790035FF8DF0F3F957BAFAF92B" box="[160,217,1669,1693]" pageId="4">Male</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="AEA47A930035FF8DF0B7F957BB13F92B" box="[228,304,1669,1693]" name="China" pageId="4">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="1477F4E10035FF8DF168F957B80FF92B" box="[315,556,1669,1693]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="4">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="D36C6CD80035FF8DF264F957B9E3F92B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1A8B150035FF8CF196FA0FBB66FA51:D36C6CD80035FF8DF264F957B9E3F92B" box="[567,960,1669,1693]" country="China" latitude="114.2" municipality="Male" name="Wutongshan National Natural Park" pageId="4" stateProvince="Guangdong">Wutongshan National Natural Park</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="B3875CC40035FF8DF39CF957BE08F92B" box="[975,1067,1669,1693]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" precision="925" value="22.4">22°24´N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B3875CC40035FF8DF465F957BA98F909" degrees="114" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" precision="925" value="114.2">114°12´N</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="A20D1CC30035FF8DF09DF975BBA2F909" box="[206,385,1703,1727]" pageId="4" value="2010-08-16">
<collectingDate id="B249E52B0035FF8DF09DF975BBA2F909" box="[206,385,1703,1727]" pageId="4" value="2010-08-16">16 August 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="7B465FD50035FF8DF193F975B81CF909" box="[448,575,1703,1727]" pageId="4">Weichun Li</collectorName>
, genital prep. no. WD17073.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FF5FBB36FF11" blockId="5.[160,599,141,202]" box="[160,277,141,167]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FF5FBB36FF11" bold="true" box="[160,277,141,167]" italics="true" pageId="5">
<typeStatus id="090884A10034FF8CF0F3FF5FBB36FF11" box="[160,277,141,167]" pageId="5" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FF60B874FF7C" blockId="5.[160,599,141,202]" box="[160,599,178,202]" pageId="5">
<materialsCitation id="66DB305E0034FF8CF0F3FF60B874FF7C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564257804" box="[160,599,178,202]" pageId="5" typeStatus="holotype">
Two males, same data as the
<typeStatus id="090884A10034FF8CF1BFFF60B870FF7C" box="[492,595,178,202]" pageId="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880034FF8CF0F3FED7B89DFED2" pageId="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FED7BB37FEA9" blockId="5.[160,1155,261,356]" box="[160,276,261,287]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FED7BB37FEA9" bold="true" box="[160,276,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="5">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FEF8B89DFED2" blockId="5.[160,1155,261,356]" pageId="5">This species can be distinguished from its congeners by the unique spine-like projection at the dorsal base of valva in the male genitalia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880034FF8CF0F3FE72BB54FB04" pageId="5" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FE72BB05FE0C" blockId="5.[160,1156,416,788]" box="[160,294,416,442]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FE72BB05FE0C" bold="true" box="[160,294,416,442]" italics="true" pageId="5">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FE10B9DFFCA2" blockId="5.[160,1156,416,788]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FE10BBAEFE6A" bold="true" box="[160,397,450,476]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FE10BAFCFE6A" bold="true" box="[160,223,450,476]" italics="true" pageId="5">Adult</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4E8826860034FF8CF0A3FE10BB5DFE6A" box="[240,382,450,476]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="2.[160,235,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,951,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1152,950,1615]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1–4. Adults and heads of Gargela spp. 1–2. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 1. Adult, paratype, female; 2. Head in lateral view, paratype, male; 3–4. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov.: 3. Adult, paratype, male; 4. Head in lateral view, paratype, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654733/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Figures 3–4</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Forewing length 4.0
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF22FFE16B8AAFE6A" box="[636,649,452,476]" italics="true" pageId="5">–</emphasis>
<quantity id="114B97E60034FF8CF2DAFE16B8FCFE6A" box="[649,735,452,476]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
. Frons and vertex silvery white mixed with pale brown. Labial palpus silvery white, first and second segments pale brown dorsally. Maxillary palpus silvery white except first segment pale brown. Antenna scapus pale brown; flagellomere silvery white on dorsal surface, pale brown on ventral surface. Patagium, thorax and tegula white. Forewing silvery white, with small pale brown dot at distal cell; medial line pale brown, convex at costal one-third; subterminal line pale brown, convex at costal one-third and slightly bent inwards at dorsal two-fifths; marginal area suffused with golden scales under apex and with blackish brown spot between M3 and Cu1; apex silvery white with blackish brown termen, with golden oblique stripe; cilia silvery white mixed with pale yellow. Hindwing white; cilia white. Abdomen pale brown, distally white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FC82B88DFBEA" blockId="5.[160,1156,848,1116]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FC82BBEEFCDC" bold="true" box="[160,461,848,874]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FC82BB6AFCDC" bold="true" box="[160,329,848,874]" italics="true" pageId="5">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4E8826860034FF8CF10AFC82BB9EFCDC" box="[345,445,848,874]" captionStart="Figures 5–7" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1350,1373]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1152,142,1318]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–7. Genitalia of Gargela spp. 5–6. G. polyacantha Li, sp. nov.: 5. Holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW11018; 6. Paratype, female, genital prep. no. LW11058; 7. G. grandispinata Li, sp. nov., holotype, male, genital prep. no. LW19073. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3654737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3654737/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Figure 7</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Uncus curved downward, tapering to blunted apex. Gnathos curved upward slightly, blunted distally. Tegumen about twice as long as gnathos. Valva broad basally, narrowed towards blunt apex; dorsal base with large spine-like projection, apically bent outwards; distal one-third concave on ventral margin. Costa strongly sclerotised, dorsally straight; distal one-third gently incurved, ending with thin and long projection, distal tip slightly exceeding apex of valva. Juxta basal half thin and long, distal half broad and heart-shaped, concave at middle of distal margin. Phallus nearly as long as valva; cornuti composed of many small spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FB4ABB54FB04" blockId="5.[160,375,1176,1202]" box="[160,375,1176,1202]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FB4ABB54FB04" bold="true" box="[160,375,1176,1202]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FB4ABAD5FB04" bold="true" box="[160,246,1176,1202]" italics="true" pageId="5">Female</emphasis>
unknown.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880034FF8CF0F3FB3FBBA0FA9C" box="[160,387,1261,1322]" pageId="5" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FB3FBB0FFAB1" blockId="5.[160,387,1261,1322]" box="[160,300,1261,1287]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FB3FBB0FFAB1" bold="true" box="[160,300,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="5">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FAC0BBA0FA9C" blockId="5.[160,387,1261,1322]" box="[160,387,1298,1322]" pageId="5">
<collectingCountry id="AEA47A930034FF8CF0F3FAC0BAC3FA9C" box="[160,224,1298,1322]" name="China" pageId="5">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="1477F4E10034FF8CF0BDFAC0BB5AFA9C" box="[238,377,1298,1322]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="5">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA969880034FF8CF0F3FAB7BB66FA51" pageId="5" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FAB7BB3EFAC9" blockId="5.[160,1155,1381,1511]" box="[160,285,1381,1407]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF0F3FAB7BB3EFAC9" bold="true" box="[160,285,1381,1407]" italics="true" pageId="5">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C3A030034FF8CF0F3FA58BB66FA51" blockId="5.[160,1155,1381,1511]" pageId="5">
The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF282FA5BB931FA14" box="[721,786,1417,1442]" italics="true" pageId="5">grand</emphasis>
- = large, and the Latin
<emphasis id="E4C7E6110034FF8CF44AFA5BBE57FA14" box="[1049,1140,1417,1442]" italics="true" pageId="5">spinatus</emphasis>
= spinous, in reference to the dorsal base of valva with a large spine-like projection in the male genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

117
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@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The beetle fauna (Insecta, Coleoptera) of the Rawdhat Khorim National Park, Central Saudi Arabia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Abdel-Dayem, Mahmoud S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>King Saud University Museum of Arthropods (KSMA), Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mseleem@ksu.edu.sa</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fad, Hassan H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>El-Torkey, Ashraf M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Elgharbawy, Ali A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>King Saud University Museum of Arthropods (KSMA), Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia &amp; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Aldryhim, Yousif N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>King Saud University Museum of Arthropods (KSMA), Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kondratieff, Boris C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1177, Fort Collins, Colorado, U. S. A. 80523</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ansi, Amin N. Al</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>King Saud University Museum of Arthropods (KSMA), Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Aldhafer, Hathal M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>King Saud University Museum of Arthropods (KSMA), Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8ECC0674017A48588BE8DDD05C0D7CF6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFE87C63852C5772725FBE55FF95902D</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">269679</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127888207" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1AAE375968B2BB3E3FF26A2CFFF43A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E1AAE375968B2BB3E3FF26A2CFFF43A" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName LSID="5E1AAE37-5968-B2BB-3E3F-F26A2CFFF43A" authority="Besuchet &amp; Cuccodoro, 2011" authorityName="Besuchet &amp; Cuccodoro" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Enoptostomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enoptostomus arabicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">Enoptostomus arabicus Besuchet &amp; Cuccodoro, 2011</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">World distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Asia</emphasis>
: AE (
<bibRefCitation author="Besuchet, C" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refId="B21" refString="Besuchet, C, Cuccodoro, G, 2011. Order Coleoptera, family Staphylinidae, Subfamily Pselaphinae. Arthropod fauna of the UAE 4: 151-167." title="Order Coleoptera, family Staphylinidae, Subfamily Pselaphinae. Arthropod fauna of the UAE 4: 151 - 167." year="2011">Besuchet and Cuccodoro 2011</bibRefCitation>
). New to KSA.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">General distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">SAR.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="collecting month and method">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Collecting month and method.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Very rare species, which was collected by LT during VII.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

119
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.199.3267" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9e49d74b-39c8-4563-8bad-5b9fcc6fd476" ID-PMC="PMC3368279" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-199-1" ID-PubMed="22711993" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-199-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 199" ModsDocTitle="Species of the genus Chrysotimus Loew from China (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)" checkinTime="1451248976840" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Mengqing, Chen, Hongyin &amp; Yang, Ding" docDate="2012" docId="5E1AB689F76D67EE8DBF085E71339104" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 199: 1-12" docOrigin="ZooKeys 199" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.199.3267" docTitle="Chrysotimus dalongensis Wang, Chen &amp; Yang, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FF931419FF9C7466FFA1AB2077533B50" masterDocTitle="Species of the genus Chrysotimus Loew from China (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1668153967209" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Species of the genus Chrysotimus Loew from China (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Mengqing</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chen, Hongyin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Yang, Ding</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>199</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152035970" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FC410E94-C16C-4799-96D6-AE2653EA5615" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E1AB689F76D67EE8DBF085E71339104" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FC410E94-C16C-4799-96D6-AE2653EA5615" authority="Wang, Chen &amp; Yang" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotimus dalongensis" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalongensis">Chrysotimus dalongensis Wang, Chen &amp; Yang</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1-3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Acr 5-6 irregularly paired. Mid and hind tibiae each with 2 ad and 2 pd. Fore, mid and hind tarsomere 1 each with row of 5-7 v. Epandrium apically with long and wide lateral process, trifurcated apically; surstylus long and curved inward apically, with hook curved backwards.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Male. Body length 2.25-2.45 mm, wing length 2.30-2.45 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Head metallic green with gray pollen; frons and face brilliant. Hairs and bristles on head yellow. Ocellar tubercle weak, with 2 very long oc and 2 very short posterior hairs. Lower postocular bristles (including ventral hairs) pale. Antenna (Fig. 1) black
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">ish</pageBreakToken>
; first flagellomere blackish, rather short, about 0.5 times as long as wide; arista dorsal, with basal segment very short. Proboscis brown, with brown hairs; palpus pale yellow, with pale hairs and 2 pale yellow apical bristles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Thorax metallic green with pale gray pollen, mesonotum and scutellum brilliant. Hairs and bristles on thorax yellow; 6 dc, 5-6 irregularly paired acr short and hair-like;
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">scutellum</pageBreakToken>
with 2 pairs of bristles. Propleuron with 1 pale bristle on lower portion. Legs including coxae yellow with 5th tarsomere brown. Hairs and bristles on legs yellow; coxae with yellowish hairs and bristles; fore coxa with 3-4 anterior and apical bristles, mid coxa with 2-3 anterior and apical bristles, hind coxa with 1 brown outer bristle near middle. Mid femur with 1 av apically; hind femur with 1 short av and 1 short pv apically. Mid tibia with 2 ad and 2 pd, apically with 4 bristles; hind tibia with 2 ad and 2 pd, apically with 3 bristles. Fore and mid tarsomere 1 each with row of 6-7 v. Hind tarsomere 1 with 6-8 short and thick black ventral bristles at base, and row of 5-6 pv. Relative lengths of tibia and 5 tarsomeres of legs. LI 2.4: 1.4: 0.6: 0.5: 0.3: 0.3; LII 3.3: 2.1: 0.8: 0.6: 0.4: 0.3; LIII 3.5: 1.4: 0.9: 0.6: 0.4: 0.3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Wing hyaline; veins brownish, R4+5 and M parallel apically; CuAx ratio 0.3. Squama yellow with pale yellow hairs. Halter pale yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdomen metallic green with pale gray pollen, dorsum brilliant, sterna 1-2 yellow. Hairs and bristles on abdomen brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Male genitalia (Figs 2-3) dark brown: Epandrium distinctly longer than wide, apically with long and wide lateral process, trifurcated apically; surstylus long and curved inward apically, with curved backwards hook; cercus round, with moderately long hairs; hypandrium indistinct.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Holotype ♂, Hubei: Shennongjia, Dalongtan pound (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="32.25">31°75'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="111.11667">110°67'E</geoCoordinate>
), 30.VI.2009, Qifei Liu. Paratypes, 12♂♂, same data as holotype; 5♂♂, Hubei: Shennongjia, Dapingqian (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="32.25">31°75'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="111.11667">110°67'E</geoCoordinate>
), 7. VII. 2009, Qifei Liu. Type specimens are stored in 75% ethanol.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Known only from the type locality in Hubei.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
This new species is similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotimus acutatus" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutatus">Chrysotimus acutatus</taxonomicName>
Wang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, but may be separated from the latter by 2 ad on hind tibia, and and by the long, wide, trifurcated lateral process on epandrium. In
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotimus acutatus" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutatus">Chrysotimus acutatus</taxonomicName>
, the hind tibia has 1 ad, and the lateral epandrial process is short and bifurcated (
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, MQ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 32" title=". Chrysotimus Loew from China (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)." volume="1003" year="2005">Wang et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">The specific epithet is derived from the type locality Dalong (Hubei).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Figures 1-3.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotimus dalongensis" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalongensis">Chrysotimus dalongensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., male. 1 first flagellomere, lateral view 2 male genitalia, lateral view 3 tip of male genitalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: Ce Cerus EP epandrium process Hy hypandrium Su surstylus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="BD6EB44F8BCC544F3657231A3F0DB01D">Rediscovered at last: a new enigmatic genus of Axymyiidae (Diptera) from western North America</mods:title>
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<treatment id="5E1AE42D0C55FFDFFF5AFB72FCB7F8B8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6157764" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119571585" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6157764" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E1AE42D0C55FFDFFF5AFB72FCB7F8B8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E1AE42D0C55FFDFFF5AFB72FCB7F8B8" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C55FFDCFF5AFB72FD9FFA88" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C55FFDCFF5AFB72FE24FB2F" blockId="1.[151,442,1166,1225]" box="[151,442,1166,1192]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<heading id="8D44E2570C55FFDCFF5AFB72FE24FB2F" bold="true" box="[151,442,1166,1192]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFF5AFB72FE24FB2F" bold="true" box="[151,442,1166,1192]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C55FFDCFF5AFB72FEDBFB2F" ID-CoL="89R5J" box="[151,325,1166,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFF5AFB72FEDBFB2F" bold="true" box="[151,325,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Plesioaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF434520C55FFDCFE81FB72FE24FB2F" box="[332,442,1166,1192]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C55FFDCFF5AFB4DFE99FB4E" blockId="1.[151,442,1166,1225]" box="[151,263,1201,1225]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">(Figs 1–5)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C55FFDCFF5AFB05FD9FFA88" blockId="1.[151,513,1273,1296]" box="[151,513,1273,1296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C55FFDCFEE5FB07FE34FA88" box="[296,426,1274,1296]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFEE5FB07FE34FA88" box="[296,426,1274,1296]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">P. vespertina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF434520C55FFDCFE7CFB06FD9FFA88" box="[433,513,1274,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" rank="species">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFE7CFB06FD9FFA88" bold="true" box="[433,513,1274,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C55FFDCFF5AFAC1FE9CFAFF" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C55FFDCFF5AFAC1FE9CFAFF" blockId="1.[151,1437,1340,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFF5AFAC1FE80FAD2" bold="true" box="[151,286,1341,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Etymology.</emphasis>
The genus is named in reference to its plesiomorphic position in comparison to
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C55FFDCFB69FAC0FA9AFAD3" box="[1188,1284,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Axymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFB69FAC0FA9AFAD3" box="[1188,1284,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Axymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Its gender is feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C55FFDCFF0AFA78FB7DFA44" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C55FFDCFF0AFA78FB7DFA44" blockId="1.[151,1437,1340,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFF0AFA78FEDFFA1A" bold="true" box="[199,321,1412,1437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This is the only extant axymyiid genus with well developed mouthparts; R2+3 fork V-shaped; R2 distant from apex of R1; distal stem of M1+2 elongate; CuP very short, two-thirds length of cell bm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C55FFDFFF0AFA2DFCABFD31" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C55FFDCFF0AFA2DFA03F865" blockId="1.[151,1437,1340,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFF0AFA2DFE07FA6D" bold="true" box="[199,409,1489,1514]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Description. Head</emphasis>
: Compound eyes broadly separated in female, each eye divided longitudinally into upper and lower hemispheres by fine groove starting at deep, broad, triangular incision at antennal bases, extending for more than 10 facets (Fig. 2); upper hemisphere smaller than lower hemisphere with facets uniform in size in both sections; facets with numerous ommatrichia; ocellar triangle elevated above eye with three prominent ocelli. Antenna with 14 moniliform flagellomeres, scape and pedicel with circlet of setulae. Mouthparts well-developed; clypeus prominent, strongly convex; palpus apparently 4-segmented (segment 1 possibly obscured), second segment broader than other segments; labellum developed, distinct.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFDBCF956FD56F945" bold="true" box="[625,712,1706,1730]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Thorax</emphasis>
: Postpronotum depressed, triangular, separated by prominent prescutum; prescutal suture not prominent, very short, terminating at shallow, shiny rectangular depression. Scutum not distinctly swollen; transverse suture arising at base of wing, distinctly invaginated, terminating before midline of scutum; postsutural area of scutum shallowly concave medially. Scutellum rounded, strongly domed. Mediotergite twice length of scutellum, not as strongly prominent as scutellum. Prosternum large, separated by broad membrane. Anepisternum large, divided by anepisternal cleft into large anterior portion and narrow posterior portion; katepisternum prominent, overhanging mid coxa. Meron large, more than half as long as katepisternum.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C55FFDCFAD8F87EFAD5F81D" bold="true" box="[1301,1355,1922,1946]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Legs</emphasis>
: Fairly short, lacking spurs and long setae. Fore coxa shorter than katepisternum; mid and hind coxae half as long as fore coxa, entirely sclerotized medially; hind coxa broader than mid coxa.
<collectingCountry id="AEA415AB0C55FFDCFC57F836FC4EF865" box="[922,976,1994,2018]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibia with posteroventral apical comb.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF5AFF6BFCABFD31" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
Mediolobus spatulate and elongate, more than half length of tarsomere 5, apex truncate; pulvillus shorter than claw.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF5AFF47FF48FF53" bold="true" box="[151,214,187,212]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Wing</emphasis>
: Costa greatly reduced slightly beyond apex of R4+5 (Fig. 3). Sc very short, extended to basal quarter of wing, strongly curved to costa proximal to vein Rs; sc-r reduced to faint streak. Rs with kink at mid-length; R2+3 branched slightly beyond apex of R1; R2 reaching costa well-separated from R1; R2+3 fork V-shaped. Crossvein r-m perpendicular to R4+5. Medial veins weaker than radial veins, distinctly pale in comparison; M1+2 with long distal stem, branching proximal to R2+3 fork; M4 straight. Stem of M vein with apex distinct, basal portion reduced to faint crease, indistinctly separating basal cells. CuP very short, extended to half length of cell bm. Alula greatly reduced; anal lobe well-developed. Halter with very long stem, lacking cluster of setae.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFC32FE5DFBEFFE3D" bold="true" box="[1023,1137,417,442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Sparsely setose. Segments 1–7 each with spiracles in membranous pleural region. Tergites considerably broader than sternites; tergite 8 one-third length of sternite, undivided; sternite 8 greatly lengthened, slender, tapered apically, clothed in short setae. Genital fork (sternite 9) with V-shaped ventral portion, dorsal portion prolonged posteriorly as pair of slender rod-like extensions to apex of sternite 8 (
<figureCitation id="4E8849BE0C56FFDFFEBEFDCEFE24FDCD" box="[371,442,562,586]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 5" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1046,1070]" captionTargetBox="[192,1390,220,1001]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[178,1409,194,1025]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 5. Female terminalia of Plesioaxymyia vespertina. 4, lateral view; 5, dorsal view (scale bar: 0.1 mm). Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; gen fk—genital fork; spmth—spermatheca; st—sternite; tg—tegite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218335/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Spermathecae spherical, paired, well-sclerotized; spermathecal ducts paired, separated throughout, slightly inflated distally to genital fork; duct broad exiting spermatheca. Cercus two-segmented; basal segment very small reduced, slender, flap-like, surrounding anus; apical segment longer than wide, bearing several rod-like sensilla (Figs 4,5).
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFE0FFD62FD2DFD31" bold="true" box="[450,691,669,694]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Male and immatures</emphasis>
: Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C56FFDFFF0AFD3EFCB7F8B8" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF0AFD3EFEF2FCA3" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF0AFD3EFEA5FD5D" bold="true" box="[199,315,706,730]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFE8EFD3EFE78FD5D" box="[323,486,706,730]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFE8EFD3EFE78FD5D" box="[323,486,706,730]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Plesioaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
will key with some difficulty to
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFC90FD3FFC75FD5D" box="[861,1003,707,730]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Protaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFC90FD3FFC75FD5D" box="[861,1003,707,730]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Protaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the key to genera in
<bibRefCitation id="B22228CA0C56FFDFFB36FD3EFA06FD5D" author="Zhang" box="[1275,1432,706,730]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" refString="Zhang, J. (2010) Two new genera and one new species of Jurassic Axymyiidae (Diptera: Nematocera), with revision and redescription of the extinct taxa. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 103, 455 - 464. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1603 / an 09073" type="journal article" year="2010">Zhang (2010)</bibRefCitation>
. The new genus clearly differs from the latter genus in the shape of R2, shortened Sc and CuP, and the very long distal stem of M1+2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF0AFCC8FC0BFA83" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
A preliminary phylogenetic assessment of the infrafamilial relationships of
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFBF3FCCFFB57FCCC" box="[1086,1225,819,843]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Axymyiidae</taxonomicName>
is summarized in
<figureCitation id="4E8849BE0C56FFDFFF5AFCABFF69FCE8" box="[151,247,855,879]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,255,921,945]" captionTargetBox="[172,1419,293,887]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[159,1427,267,900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Phylogeny of the Axymyiidae. Characters are defined in Table 1 and discussed further in the text. Character distribution for uniquely derived states shown by black hash marks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218336/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Figure 6</figureCitation>
and characters listed and described in
<tableCitation id="9B3160800C56FFDFFD78FCABFC95FCE8" box="[693,779,855,879]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1439,1463]" captionText="TABLE 1. Characters for the analysis of Axymyiidae." pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Table 1</tableCitation>
. The
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFC83FCABFC57FCE8" box="[846,969,855,879]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bibionidae</taxonomicName>
was used to polarize the characters. The assignment of
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFE84FC80FE73FC13" box="[329,493,892,916]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFE84FC80FE73FC13" box="[329,493,892,916]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Plesioaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the family
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFD6AFC87FCAFFC14" box="[679,817,891,915]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Axymyiidae</taxonomicName>
is supported on the basis of the four family-level synapomorphies: female cercus with rod-like sensilla (1); vein Rs with kink at mid-length (2); compound eye divided longitudinally (3); and prescutal suture ending at an elongate depression (shiny spot in
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFB1BFC38FAA8FC5B" box="[1238,1334,964,988]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Axymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFB1BFC38FAA8FC5B" box="[1238,1334,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Axymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (4). All axymyiid genera, exclusive of
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFDCCFC1BFD3AFC78" box="[513,676,999,1023]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFDCCFC1BFD3AFC78" box="[513,676,999,1023]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Plesioaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form a clade, supported by the reduction of the mouthparts (5), presence of a cluster of setae on the stem of the halter (6) (although both characters scored as unknown in the fossil genera) and R2 directed towards R1 (7). The monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFCAEFBD3FB98FBC0" box="[867,1030,1071,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFCAEFBD3FB98FBC0" box="[867,1030,1071,1095]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Plesioaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is supported on the basis of four synapomorphies: shortened Sc (8), elongate distal stem of M1+2 (longer than M2) (9), greatly weakened M vein (10), and shortened CuP (anal vein), two-thirds length of cell bm (11). Four genera are apparently most closely related (
<figureCitation id="4E8849BE0C56FFDFFF52FB5DFF7AFB3E" box="[159,228,1185,1209]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,255,921,945]" captionTargetBox="[172,1419,293,887]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[159,1427,267,900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Phylogeny of the Axymyiidae. Characters are defined in Table 1 and discussed further in the text. Character distribution for uniquely derived states shown by black hash marks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218336/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) on the basis of the closely positioned apex of veins R1 and R2 (12). The three fossil genera (
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFAD4FB5EFA05FB3E" box="[1305,1435,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Juraxymyia</emphasis>
Zhang,
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF22FB35FED2FB67" box="[239,332,1225,1248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Psocites</emphasis>
Hong and
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFE1DFB34FDCFFB58" box="[464,593,1224,1247]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Sinaxymyia</emphasis>
Zhang) clearly belong to the sister group of
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFB91FB34FA9EFB67" box="[1116,1280,1224,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFB91FB34FA9EFB67" box="[1116,1280,1224,1248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Plesioaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and provides strong evidence that this genus has its roots in the Jurassic or earlier.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF0AFAF3FCF2FAE8" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
The shape and size of the female ovipositor (e.g., length and shape of sternite 8 and cercus) requires further evaluation. The apical segment of the cercus is longer than wide in
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFC02FAC8FBECFACB" box="[975,1138,1332,1356]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFC02FAC8FBECFACB" box="[975,1138,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Plesioaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and sternite 8 is greatly lengthened in
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFEF8FAA4FE46FAF7" box="[309,472,1368,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFEF8FAA4FE46FAF7" box="[309,472,1368,1392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Plesioaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFDC2FAA5FCF6FAE8" authority="Ishida" authorityName="Ishida" box="[527,872,1367,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Protaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFDC2FAA5FC98FAF7" box="[527,774,1369,1392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Protaxymyia japonica</emphasis>
(Ishida)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="82CC05B30C56FFDFFF5AFA63FD44FA30" box="[151,730,1439,1463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF5AFA63FD44FA30" blockId="2.[151,730,1439,1463]" box="[151,730,1439,1463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF5AFA63FE96FA30" bold="true" box="[151,264,1439,1463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Characters for the analysis of
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C56FFDFFD82FA5CFD48FA30" box="[591,726,1440,1463]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Axymyiidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF52FA2FFD86F98F" blockId="2.[159,1256,1490,1859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
1.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF75FA2EFED5FA6F" box="[184,331,1490,1512]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Female cercus</emphasis>
: lacking rod-like sensilla (0); rod-like sensilla present (1). 2.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF75FA0EFE9FF980" box="[184,257,1522,1543]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Vein R s</emphasis>
: straight (0); with kink (1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF52F9ECFD71F9E3" blockId="2.[159,1256,1490,1859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
3.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF75F9ECFED1F9A1" box="[184,335,1552,1574]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Compound eye</emphasis>
: undivided longitudinally (0); divided longitudinally (1). 4.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF75F9D3FEC2F9C2" box="[184,348,1583,1605]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Prescutal suture</emphasis>
: unmodified (0); ending at elongate depression (1). 5.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF75F9B1FEB0F9E4" box="[184,302,1613,1635]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Mouthparts</emphasis>
: unmodified (0); shortened and reduced (1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF52F997FD3AF905" blockId="2.[159,1256,1490,1859]" box="[159,676,1643,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
6.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF75F990FEDBF905" box="[184,325,1644,1666]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Stem of halter</emphasis>
: bare (0); with cluster of setae (1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF52F977FD3CF885" blockId="2.[159,1256,1490,1859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
7.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF75F977FED8F927" box="[184,326,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">R2 orientation</emphasis>
: directly apically (0); directed towards apex of R1 (1). 8.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF75F950FE9EF945" box="[184,256,1708,1730]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Sc vein</emphasis>
: elongate, extending to beyond Rs (0); short, not reaching Rs (1). 9.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF75F937FEABF963" box="[184,309,1738,1764]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Stem of M1+2</emphasis>
: short, less than half length of M2 (0); elongate nearly subequal in length to M2 (1). 10.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF08F911FE94F885" box="[197,266,1773,1794]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">M vein</emphasis>
: well defined (0); greatly weakened (1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C56FFDFFF52F8F7FCB7F8B8" blockId="2.[159,1256,1490,1859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
11.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF09F8F7FEA8F8A7" box="[196,310,1802,1824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">CuP length</emphasis>
: elongate, at least three-quarters length of cell bm (0); short, two-thirds length of cell bm (1). 12.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C56FFDFFF08F8D6FEBAF8C4" box="[197,292,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">R1 and R2</emphasis>
: separated by length of R2 (0); nearly touching (1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

147
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<mods:title id="6C20C7D9A523B955F259097C4FFB0188">Rediscovered at last: a new enigmatic genus of Axymyiidae (Diptera) from western North America</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C57FFDEFF5AFF6BFE96FF55" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C57FFDEFF5AFF6BFDB3FF36" blockId="3.[151,557,151,210]" box="[151,557,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
<heading id="8D44E2570C57FFDEFF5AFF6BFDB3FF36" bold="true" box="[151,557,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFF5AFF6BFDB3FF36" bold="true" box="[151,557,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C57FFDEFF5AFF6BFE56FF36" ID-CoL="8DFLK" box="[151,456,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFF5AFF6BFE56FF36" bold="true" box="[151,456,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Plesioaxymyia vespertina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFF434520C57FFDEFE02FF6BFDB3FF36" box="[463,557,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C57FFDEFF5AFF46FE96FF55" blockId="3.[151,557,151,210]" box="[151,264,186,210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">(Figs 1–3)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C57FFDEFF5AFEFEFEBCFE01" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C57FFDEFF5AFEFEFEBCFE01" blockId="3.[151,1436,258,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFF5AFEFEFDB7FE9C" bold="true" box="[151,553,258,283]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
Material examined.
<typeStatus id="0908EB990C57FFDEFE47FEFEFDB7FE9C" box="[394,553,258,283]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
Ƥ, labelled: “
<collectingCountry id="AEA415AB0C57FFDEFD05FEFEFC98FE9D" box="[712,774,258,282]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">USA</collectingCountry>
: WA: Mt Rainier NP/ Narada Falls to Reflection Lk/ trail;
<geoCoordinate id="B38733FC0C57FFDEFF5AFEDAFF6BFEB9" box="[151,245,294,318]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" precision="925" value="46.766666">N46°46'</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B38733FC0C57FFDEFF30FEDAFEF3FEB9" box="[253,365,294,318]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" precision="925" value="-121.73333">W121°44'</geoCoordinate>
/
<quantity id="114BF8DE0C57FFDEFEB2FEDAFE46FEB9" box="[383,472,294,318]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</quantity>
,
<date id="A20D73FB0C57FFDEFE2AFEDAFDFAFEB9" box="[487,612,294,318]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" value="2012-07-17">17.vii.2012</date>
/ B.J. Sinclair”; “
<typeStatus id="0908EB990C57FFDEFCE1FEDAFC5CFEB9" box="[812,962,294,318]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
/
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C57FFDEFC19FEDAFBE9FEB9" box="[980,1143,294,318]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFC19FEDAFBE9FEB9" box="[980,1143,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Plesioaxymyia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C57FFDEFB45FEDBFB63FEB9" box="[1160,1277,295,318]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertina">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFB45FEDBFB63FEB9" box="[1160,1277,295,318]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">vespertina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ Sinclair [red label]” (
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).
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<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFE88FEB6FE49FEE4" bold="true" box="[325,471,330,355]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">PARATYPE</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFE25FEB6FD1FFEE4" bold="true" box="[488,641,330,355]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
<collectingCountry id="AEA415AB0C57FFDEFE25FEB6FDBCFEE4" box="[488,546,330,355]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">USA</collectingCountry>
. Alaska
</emphasis>
: Isabel Pass, mi 206 Richardson Hwy., 2900',
<date id="A20D73FB0C57FFDEFB40FEB6FA91FEE5" box="[1165,1295,330,354]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" value="1962-07-13">13.vii.1962</date>
, P.J. Skitsko (1 Ƥ,
<collectionCode id="B0A2CDFE0C57FFDEFF15FE92FE88FE01" box="[216,278,366,390]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">CNC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C57FFDEFF0AFE6FFF61FE49" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C57FFDEFF0AFE6FFF61FE49" blockId="3.[151,1436,258,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFF0AFE6FFED0FE2C" bold="true" box="[199,334,403,427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is from the Latin
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFD24FE68FCF7FE2C" box="[745,873,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">vespertinus</emphasis>
(western), in reference to its distribution in North
<collectingCountry id="AEA415AB0C57FFDEFF5AFE4AFF65FE49" box="[151,251,438,462]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">America</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C57FFDEFF0AFE26FDC3FCBB" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" type="description">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C57FFDEFF0AFE26FDC3FCBB" blockId="3.[151,1436,258,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFF0AFE26FE2FFE74" bold="true" box="[199,433,474,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Description. Female</emphasis>
. Body length:
<quantity id="114BF8DE0C57FFDEFD9AFE26FD33FE75" box="[599,685,474,498]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
(not including antenna).
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFC09FE27FB9CFE74" bold="true" box="[964,1026,475,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Head</emphasis>
: Antenna longer than width of head; scape and pedicel somewhat paler than dark brown flagellum; pedicel slightly longer than scape. Frons with setulae along inner eye margin and above antennal bases.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFD3FFDDFFCD6FDBC" bold="true" box="[754,840,547,571]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Thorax</emphasis>
: Scutum dark brown, concolorous, clothed in fine pruinescence and short setulae; lacking prominent setae. Pleura somewhat paler than scutum, subshiny. Coxae concolorous with pleura; femora pale brown, darker towards apices; tibiae pale brown with proximal and distal portions darker; tarsomeres dark brown; mediolobus and pulvilli bright white.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFBCAFD72FBD8FD20" bold="true" box="[1031,1094,654,679]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Wing</emphasis>
: Length:
<quantity id="114BF8DE0C57FFDEFB7BFD72FA8EFD21" box="[1206,1296,654,678]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
, subequal to body length, excluding antenna; pterostigma distinct, brown, otherwise wing unmarked; M1+2 with long stem, longer than M2. Halter stem with 2–3 scattered setulae, lacking dense cluster of setae.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFBFCFD25FB3DFD75" bold="true" box="[1073,1187,729,754]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Basal segment dark; segments 2–6 pale brown; segment 7 with anterior half pale brown and posterior half dark brown; pleural region dark brown.
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFF27FCD9FE42FCBA" bold="true" box="[234,476,804,829]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Male and immatures</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EA906B00C57FFDEFF0AFCB4FD18FB23" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C57FFDEFF0AFCB4FD94FC77" blockId="3.[151,1436,258,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFF0AFCB4FEA6FCE7" bold="true" box="[199,312,840,864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species was collected by sweep net while walking along the Woodland hiking trail from the base of Narada Falls to Reflection Lake in Mt. Rainier National Park. This trail runs below Hwy 706, through mid-elevation conifer forests at approximately
<quantity id="114BF8DE0C57FFDEFE38FC6CFDD5FC2F" box="[501,587,912,936]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</quantity>
. The season appeared to be early spring, with many small snowmelt streamlets and broad, major streams often retaining thick snow caps. However the daytime air temperatures reached 27–29°C and spring flowers were in full bloom.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D60C553B0C57FFDEFF0AFC00FD18FB23" blockId="3.[151,1436,258,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
The immature stages of
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C57FFDEFE17FC01FDF5FB93" box="[474,619,1021,1044]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" genus="Plesioaxymyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertina">
<emphasis id="E4C789290C57FFDEFE17FC01FDF5FB93" box="[474,619,1021,1044]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">P. vespertina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are assumed to occur in saturated logs and branches as recorded for the other three extant axymyiid genera. But given the unsuccessful attempts to collect the immature stages at the Alaskan locality, perhaps the immature stages reside in wet leaf litter or decomposing fungi. Larvae of the family
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C57FFDEFF5AFB94FEC4FB07" box="[151,346,1128,1152]" class="Insecta" family="Perissommatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Perissommatidae</taxonomicName>
, which has been suggested as closely related to
<taxonomicName id="11B32EB80C57FFDEFC4FFB94FB92FB07" box="[898,1036,1128,1152]" class="Insecta" family="Axymyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Axymyiidae</taxonomicName>
(see following section), have been found in decomposing fungi (
<bibRefCitation id="B22228CA0C57FFDEFE2FFB70FDE7FB23" author="Colless" box="[482,633,1164,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" refString="Colless, D. H. (1962) A new Australian genus and family of Diptera (Nematocera: Perissommatidae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 10, 519 - 535. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / ZO 9620519" type="journal article" year="1962">Colless 1962</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>