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data/5E/07/00/5E07005C35B4F18D630F2829A2DF841E.xml
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="280D8F403C47F4683CA711415ABB8196" author="Flint Jr, O. S." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1557" pagination="24 - 28" title="Studies of Neotropical caddis flies, VIII: the immature stages of Barypenthusclaudens (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae)" volume="71" year="1969">Flint Jr 1969a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="79389E3E118FB07DA753717C968373DD" author="Paprocki, H." journalOrPublisher="Nova Supplementa Entomologica (Proceedings of the 10 th International Symposium on Trichoptera)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1557" pagination="223 - 230" title="A review of the Brazilian genus Barypenthus Burmeister (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae)" volume="15" year="2002">Paprocki and Holzenthal 2002</bibRefCitation>
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data/5E/07/C5/5E07C56AE855A57E5C8E54BFFD28A0D8.xml
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(Butler, 1867)
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<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705C8E572BFF28A3F0" bold="true" box="[151,198,619,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Egg</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E855A5705CCF572BFEF5A3F0" box="[214,283,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 1a, b). Spherical, semi-transparent, pearl-like and whitish in color, with polygonal markings covering the surface. Black patchy irregular spots appear two days prior to hatching (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E855A5705FC557CFFBF7A3DC" box="[988,1049,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig.1</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 1b). Diameter:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E855A57058D257CFFABFA3DF" box="[1227,1361,655,682]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=2). Duration: Unknown, hatched 2–6 days (n=8) after collection.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE855A5705CDE5797FBD8A564" blockId="6.[151,1436,619,1042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705CDE5797FEA0A384" bold="true" box="[199,334,727,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">First instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E855A5705D475797FE4DA384" box="[350,419,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 2a, b;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E855A5705DEE5797FDD2A387" box="[503,572,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
: a). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E855A5705F435797FC50A387" box="[858,958,727,754]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="0.92">0.92 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing black with rectangular scolus, with two rather broad seta (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E855A5705F2557BBFC71A263" box="[828,927,763,790]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); three chalazae visible in frontal view, M1, M2, M3, with seta on each of M1-3; five setae visible on one side of labrum; six stemmata visible, with stemma 1 and 6 somewhat paler and thus insignificant, stemma 3 largest, closer to stemma 2 than 4. Body integument creamy-white and semi-transparent, influencing dark green (T1 to A5) to light green (A6 to A8) body color due to gut content; pair of white stripes in subdorsal area; tracheal system barely visible; chaetotaxy not fully discernible based on photographs, primary setae weakly bulbed at apex (
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705F5456F0FC65A2BC" box="[845,907,944,969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B23F098DE855A5705F8A56F0FBABA2BC" author="Murray, D. L." box="[915,1093,943,970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" refId="ref13464" refString="Murray, D. L. (2001) Systematics of neotropical satyrine butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Euptychiina) based on larval morphology and DNA sequence data and the evolution of life history traits. PhD dissertation, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 367 pp." type="book" year="2001">Murray (2001))</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, XD1 and XD2 visible on T1; D1, D2, SD1 and L1 apparently present from T1 to A10 (D1 approximately 1.5 times longer than D2 on A8 and A9); short, bifid caudal filaments. Body length: 4.0 mm (n=1). Duration: 7 days (n = 2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="82D124F4E855A5705C8E5249FC5CA6C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" startId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" targetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" targetPageId="6">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE855A5705C8E5249FC5CA6C7" blockId="6.[151,1436,1801,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705C8E5249FEFCA654" bold="true" box="[151,274,1801,1825]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
Life history of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE855A5705DB45249FD9BA654" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[429,629,1801,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Nhambikuara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mima">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE855A5705DB45249FD9BA654" box="[429,629,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Nhambikuara mima</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE55D6FED4A0A4" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE55D6FE84A1C5" bold="true" box="[199,362,150,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Second instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D6055D7FE53A1C4" box="[377,445,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 3a, b;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715E1655D7FDBDA1C4" box="[527,595,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
: b). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715F7655D7FC2BA1C4" box="[879,965,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing light olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, inner short fork positioned perpendicular to horizontal plane, appearing darker distally, with seta on both tips (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715834559FFB7CA18C" box="[1069,1170,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.64">0.64 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); seven chalazae visible on lateral side, M1, M2, M3, P1, P2, P3, P4, with primary seta on each of M1-3, P1,2; five setae visible on one of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body light green, dorsally with rather broad, white, parallel bands delineating the mid-dorsal region; four dorso-lateral stripes lateral to white bands, first band broadest and extending towards base of caudal filament, fourth narrow and somewhat insignificant; spiracles visible as dark green spots; short, bifid caudal filaments, dorsally pink. Body length: 6.4–8.0 mm (n=2). Duration: 7 days (n = 2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE549AFF5BA260" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE549AFEB3A081" bold="true" box="[199,349,474,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Third instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D68549BFE57A080" box="[369,441,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 4a, b). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715F0E549AFC9EA080" box="[791,880,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing light olive with numerous secondary setae “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, inner short fork positioned perpendicular to horizontal plane, appearing darker distally, with seta on both tips (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FA45763FBFBA348" box="[957,1045,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); seven chalazae visible on lateral side, M1, M2, M3, P1, P2, P3, P4, with primary seta on each of M1-3; five setae visible on one of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body light green, dorsally with rather broad, white, parallel bands delineating the mid-dorsal region; four dorso-lateral stripes lateral to white bands, first band broadest and extending towards base of caudal filament, fourth narrow and somewhat insignificant; spiracles visible as dark green spots; short, bifid caudal filaments, dorsally pink. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FB15797FBD3A384" box="[936,1085,727,753]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="0.96" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="11.2" valueMax="12.8" valueMin="9.6">9.6–12.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=4). Duration: 6–7 days (n = 2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE565FFD51A52C" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE565FFE89A24D" bold="true" box="[199,359,798,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fourth instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D6F565FFE54A24C" box="[374,442,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 5a, b). Head capsule width: 2.0 mm (n=1). Head capsule appearing olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, inner short fork positioned perpendicular to horizontal plane, appearing darker distally, with seta on both tips (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715F4C5627FC45A2F4" box="[853,939,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); seven chalazae (M1-3, P1-4) visible on lateral side, developed compared to previous instar, with primary seta on each of these seven chalazae, as well as on two chalazae posterior of scolus; dark band-like marking visible on frontal part and lateral side of head capsule (as illustrated); five setae visible on one of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body pinkish dorsally and olive laterally; general pattern similar to previous instar except for inner margin of broad dorsal white band appearing thicker and thus delineating pink mid-dorsal region with contrast. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715C8E517FFED4A52C" box="[151,314,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8699999999999999" metricValueMin="1.23" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="18.7" valueMin="12.3">12.3–18.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=4). Duration: 7–16 days (n=4).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE5122FCCFA490" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE5122FE23A509" bold="true" box="[199,461,1122,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fifth (ultimate) instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715DC55123FDCEA508" box="[476,544,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 6a, b;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715E6A5123FD5EA508" box="[627,688,1122,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
: c, d). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FFE5123FBD0A508" box="[999,1086,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, similar to previous instar except for appearing shorter in proportion to head capsule height (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FAA51EAFBE5A5B0" box="[947,1035,1194,1221]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); seven chalazae (M1-3, P1- 4) visible on lateral side, overall arrangement similar to previous instar; dark band-like marking visible on frontal part and lateral side of head capsule (as illustrated); five setae visible on one of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar; labrum appearing reduced. Body pink, dorsally with dark rose mid-dorsal region delineated with creamy-white narrow band adjacent to pink broad dorsal region; stripes dorso-lateral to lateral bands appearing creamy-white and somewhat insignificant, except for thick creamy-white ventral margin; dark reddish, rounded spots present along posterior margin of dorso-lateral region from A1 to A6, as well as A7 but rather insignificant; spiracles visible as dark brownish spots; short, bifid caudal filaments, dorsally pink. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715CF5508BFE61A490" box="[236,399,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" metricValueMax="2.67" metricValueMin="2.27" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="24.7" valueMax="26.7" valueMin="22.7">22.7–26.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=4). Duration: 10–13 days (n=4).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE50AFFF33A7C8" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE50AFFEEBA77C" bold="true" box="[199,261,1519,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D0150AFFE8FA77C" box="[280,353,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1064,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-314@6.[151,1436,1063,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Life history of Nhambikuara mima: 1a) egg, 1b) black patches present on egg two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 8a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 1a based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0542; 1b, 2a, b, 3a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420360/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 7a, b, c). Body light brown, mottled with dark brown especially prominent on thorax, head appearing rather pale ventrally except for antennae; body overall appearing slender with squared ocular caps; small brown protuberances present in two rows along dorsal area of abdomen (appearing darker on A1); paired shoulderlike protuberances present on the mesothorax; light brown cremaster, short and gradually narrowing towards distal end in posterior view, with rounded pitted sculptures. Body length: 12.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E854A5715FFE533FFBA2A7EC" box="[999,1100,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=2). Duration: 11–13 days (n=3).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E854A57E5CDE5387FD28A0D8" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE5387FE5AA673" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715CDE5387FEA0A794" bold="true" box="[199,334,1735,1761]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Host plant</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E854A5715D7E5387FE5FA794" box="[359,433,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1106,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-423@11.[151,1436,1101,1811]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Host plant, two variations of Taquara micrantha. Taquara micrantha with pubescence on the abaxial surface as a host plant for Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the node and abaxial part showing pubescence; 1c) inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. Taquara micrantha lacking pubescence for Splendeuptychia furina: 2a) leaves and inflorescence in situ; 2b) close-up view of nodes; 2c) close-up view of abaxial surface showing lack of pubescence; 2d) host plant in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420370/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 1a-d; 2a-d).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715E7A5387FAF0A794" authority="(Kunth) I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" authorityName="I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" box="[611,1310,1735,1762]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715E7A5387FCABA794" box="[611,837,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
(Kunth) I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A571592E5387FA77A794" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[1335,1433,1735,1761]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715C8E53ABFEAEA670" authorityName="Luerssen" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,320,1771,1797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bambusoideae">Bambusoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715D5253ABFE47A673" box="[331,425,1771,1798]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Olyreae">Olyreae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A5715CDE524FFDCBA6CC" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
This is a species of herbaceous bamboo, usually found grouped with other individuals of the same species in understory light gaps, as well as along the forest edges at FLP.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715F6A5273FBA3A638" box="[883,1101,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715F6A5273FBA3A638" box="[883,1101,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a species characterized by considerable variation (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B23F098DE854A5715D845217FD94A604" author="Oliveira, I. L. C. & Matos, A. O. & Silva, C. & Carvalho, M. L. S. & Tyrrell, C. D. & Clark, L. G. & Oliveira, R. P." box="[413,634,1879,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="61 - 81" refId="ref13870" refString="Oliveira, I. L. C., Matos, A. O., Silva, C., Carvalho, M. L. S., Tyrrell, C. D., Clark, L. G. & Oliveira, R. P. (2020) Delving deeper into the phylogenetics of the herbaceous bamboos (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae): Evaluation of generic boundaries in the Parodiolyra / Raddiella clade uncovers a new genus. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 192, 61 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / botlinnean / boz 049" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Oliveira
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715E195217FDDFA604" box="[512,561,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which appears to be the case at FLP. The larvae were found feeding on two variations of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A5715D47523BFDD8A6E0" box="[350,566,1915,1941]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A5715D47523BFDD8A6E0" box="[350,566,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, characterized by presence or absence of pubescence on the stem and leaves, during different months of the year.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE854A57E5CDE5283FEF5A034" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
Two larvae (2021-FLP-IMM-0486 and 2021-FLP-IMM-0489;
|
||||
<date id="A21052BCE854A5715F905283FC19A6A8" box="[905,1015,1987,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" value="2021-07">July 2021</date>
|
||||
) were found on a single
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE854A57159175283FA72A6A8" box="[1294,1436,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE854A57159175283FA72A6A8" box="[1294,1436,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">T. micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
plant growing in a gap near the edge of the forest. This plant had prominent pubescence on the stem and on the abaxial surface of the leaves (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5DFB55FBFDC9A1A0" box="[482,551,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1106,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-423@11.[151,1436,1101,1811]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Host plant, two variations of Taquara micrantha. Taquara micrantha with pubescence on the abaxial surface as a host plant for Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the node and abaxial part showing pubescence; 1c) inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. Taquara micrantha lacking pubescence for Splendeuptychia furina: 2a) leaves and inflorescence in situ; 2b) close-up view of nodes; 2c) close-up view of abaxial surface showing lack of pubescence; 2d) host plant in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420370/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 1a-d; one variation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85BA57E5F3055FBFBEEA1A0" box="[809,1024,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5F3055FBFBEEA1A0" box="[809,1024,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). Eight eggs (2021-FLP-IMM-0520, 0521, 0528, 0536, 0537, 0538, 0539, 0542;
|
||||
<date id="A21052BCE85BA57E5E80559FFCBAA18C" box="[665,852,223,249]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" value="2021-09">September 2021</date>
|
||||
) were found on plants near a palm swamp. These plants had lacked pubescence on the stem and scabrous abaxial surface (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5FDF5443FBE3A068" box="[966,1037,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1106,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-423@11.[151,1436,1101,1811]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Host plant, two variations of Taquara micrantha. Taquara micrantha with pubescence on the abaxial surface as a host plant for Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the node and abaxial part showing pubescence; 1c) inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. Taquara micrantha lacking pubescence for Splendeuptychia furina: 2a) leaves and inflorescence in situ; 2b) close-up view of nodes; 2c) close-up view of abaxial surface showing lack of pubescence; 2d) host plant in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420370/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 2a-d; another variation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85BA57E59275443FEE4A034" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E59275443FEE4A034" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57E5CDE540BFD28A0D8" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
Based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489 at the time of larva collection for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85BA57E5FBB540BFB6EA011" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[930,1152,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Nhambikuara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mima">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5FBB540BFB6EA011" box="[930,1152,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Nhambikuara mima</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<date id="A21052BCE85BA57E5897540BFAC4A010" box="[1166,1322,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" value="2021-07-23">July 23, 2021</date>
|
||||
), the plant was
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5CD3542FFEE4A0FC" box="[202,266,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="0.4">0.4 m</quantity>
|
||||
tall. The larva was found at a distance of
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5EFB542FFCCCA0FC" box="[738,802,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="0.2">0.2 m</quantity>
|
||||
from the ground, on the abaxial surface of the leaf, near the leaf apex, at the margin of the blade (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="9B2C41C7E85BA57E5E7854D3FD57A0D8" box="[609,697,403,429]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,517,543]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Details of sampled materials with information on the host plant conditions. Abbreviations: abaxial (AB); adaxial (AD); distal (D); middle (M); proximal (P); midrib (B); middle (E); margin (IN); new (N); mature (MA); old (O); none (NO); light (L); mid (MI); heavy (H)." pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
200
data/5E/07/C5/5E07C56AE859A57D5C8E5466FE92A540.xml
Normal file
200
data/5E/07/C5/5E07C56AE859A57D5C8E5466FE92A540.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="40ABB3B4A038697FD00ABBD581A36EDE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="AD38D2242E7FA01A28A2EE34D54B0884">
|
||||
<mods:title id="18FF671A4CA002BEF15F55CA46AC41BE">Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="043711479643D904C8AC7A5223A36B0E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="7C4240E2504621329ADDF2107FF2720E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E7A81AA5D917EEE5CD021E31649DB412">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="BEE71E0FDD22BFF9BBD8D3C953BB664C">Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B2210D075288E0745ED76D091B4166F" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0182-4194</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="61F5526D7C90062C1A5C81E511215E32">Universidad Nacional Amazonica de Madre de Dios, Av. Jorge Chávez 1160, Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios 17000, Perú corahuaespinoza 29 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0182 - 4194 & Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3BE8447E5E0B1C008FCB52CB92B12325" type="email">corahuaespinoza29@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7147E5194D0A1FDFD97F58E086CFA3B2" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="3F62125062F89C028AB770008303214E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="36742ECF5F227F007A9F4794A92D2F22">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="B6B308F6D8C785A0459032CA33198BC1">Nakahara, Shinichi</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="B154F7178AC3693BDA74A420711EF3A1">McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA & Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434 Lima- 14, Perú</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="E873149B00B512FEBD69E3D5EEB68974" type="personal">
|
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<mods:role id="87356D3F55B7F7C9EB1845E01C3E48A8">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1194ACB1E4E8CB869254417ED1597588">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="59A89A30C46EEE352BE4517C37A125DC">Kabir, Jamal</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="5E60410BA3B85000D29E71CB319BCC0D">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
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</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="B5F9280E2E0C0D17203864081E1C2607" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6CA7634962C4AD2A3D63A1FAEC98107E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0E489CB36CB9C5C046280A3ED30A864A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="E808699E62BEB9BC9D8EE09D9A5C82EC">Shellman, Brooke</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="6D4B63FC033473D94E09B0C3629D9687">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Department of Biology, St. Joseph’s College, Patchogue, NY 11772, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="115F87E6ED0644E51E37FF51F452B8DA" type="personal">
|
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<mods:role id="D5A846EA10AE81FF93E67A8730B24FF9">
|
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<mods:roleTerm id="425E9C1014011A39B96E8901F6B46EDA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="7E052C972BE51E441BD7AA37DF1D0701">Tejeira, Rafael</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="BE412ADD7F392017225C19C9860827CB">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de La Cultura 773, Cusco 08000, Perú</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="5AA841FB7E8663B492388BC3B48F6D2C" type="personal">
|
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<mods:namePart id="FBAC7445CD5EB457EC4E791E6BF5D144">Ccahuana, Rodrigo</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:affiliation id="5799F3BBBD7B8AA7A9C864299C250463">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de La Cultura 773, Cusco 08000, Perú</mods:affiliation>
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||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="75D785CBEEE63D3AA02206939275E48B" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AA3DCF8D569BA31040F6AB2EC2755269">Gallice, Geoffrey</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="C69CD5269EFC41729BD1AD9AED580540">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
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||||
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D74DCB3CE5D173F9C7288B950B0E4866">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C4D617B7E156BE260BEACA579423987D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B4F13A3AB602D0B765FDC97645CB2E3C">
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<mods:date id="2E668F2F8149C2CDA48FDBEC9CC54355">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F3BF03721F9A25FCCB5E9F4B38C3A328">2022-04-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="550BF1A8E14953F63269A6BC42A2A046">5125</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="81E01A780A196F919A4D5F812528822C" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="1532B5A33C5449F0C268CA4B705D7FD5">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1FEED9082806FDF3BEF0723C4781E416">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="215AC144D83489E800CD6CABFD1E693F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5125.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5E07C56AE859A57D5C8E5466FE92A540" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420372" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194471765" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6420372" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E07C56AE859A57D5C8E5466FE92A540" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E07C56AE859A57D5C8E5466FE92A540" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E859A57C5C8E5466FE4CA010" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D611747CE859A57C5C8E5466FD74A035" blockId="10.[151,666,294,357]" box="[151,666,294,321]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
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<heading id="8D59C310E859A57C5C8E5466FD74A035" bold="true" box="[151,666,294,321]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" reason="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE859A57C5C8E5466FD74A035" authority="(Hewitson, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[151,666,294,321]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Paryphthimoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brixius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE859A57C5C8E5466FD74A035" bold="true" box="[151,666,294,321]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE859A57C5C8E5466FE2FA034" bold="true" box="[151,449,294,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Paryphthimoides brixius</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hewitson, 1862)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE859A57C5C8E540AFE4CA010" blockId="10.[151,666,294,357]" box="[151,418,330,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">(2021-FLP-IMM-0395)</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E859A57D5C8E54D2FF33A2F4" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="D611747CE859A57C5C8E54D2FB87A348" blockId="10.[151,1437,402,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE859A57C5C8E54D2FED3A0D9" bold="true" box="[151,317,402,428]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Second instar</emphasis>
|
||||
. Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E859A57C5E5B54D3FD72A0D8" box="[578,668,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head appearing dark brown scattered with secondary setae and “horn-like” scolus, slightly curving outwards in frontal view (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E859A57C582054F7FB7CA0A4" box="[1081,1170,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); single, whitish chalazae visible on lateral side (M1) (based on head capsule image), with primary seta on each of these chalazae; six stemmata visible, with first and sixth somewhat semi-transparent and thus insignificant, third stemma largest. Body not described and illustrated. Duration: Unknown; molted 7 days after collection.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE859A57C5CDE5706FCCAA2BC" blockId="10.[151,1437,402,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE859A57C5CDE5706FEB3A315" bold="true" box="[199,349,582,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Third instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E859A57C5D695707FE5CA314" box="[368,434,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,994,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-331@10.[151,1436,993,1857]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Life history of Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 2a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 5a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. All illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420368/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Fig 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 1a, b;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E859A57C5E175707FDA1A314" box="[526,591,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Fig 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
: i). Head capsule width: 1.0 mm (n=1). Head appearing light olive with numerous secondary setae, apparently thicker, denser, and increased in number compared to previous instar; “hornlike” scolus appearing dark brown except for posterior side and basal half of anterior side (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E859A57C595C57CFFA73A3DC" box="[1349,1437,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); dark colouration on vertex extending to scolus, as well as present laterally and partially on frontal part, as illustrated; three whitish chalazae visible on lateral side (M1-3), with primary seta on each of these three chalazae; six stemmata visible, with stemma 1 and 6 somewhat semi-transparent and thus insignificant, stemma 3 largest, closer to stemma 2 than 4. Body whitish; dark purple band extending along mid-dorsal area, well-defined along thorax and A5 onwards, insignificant from A1 to A4; concolourous jagged band traversing along previous middorsal band; similar jagged band present laterally, roughly parallel to previous band; spiracles visible as creamywhite spots; short, bifid caudal filaments, dorsally white, inner side purple resulting from continuation of mid-dorsal band. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E859A57C5D6D56EFFE24A2BC" box="[372,458,943,969]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Duration: 8 days (n=1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="82D124F4E859A57C5C8E5219FC22A6CC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420368" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6420368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420368/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" startId="10.[151,250,1881,1905]" targetBox="[152,1436,994,1849]" targetPageId="10">
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||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE859A57C5C8E5219FC22A6CC" blockId="10.[151,1436,1881,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE859A57C5C8E5219FEFDA604" bold="true" box="[151,275,1881,1905]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
Life history of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE859A57C5DAA5219FD43A604" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[435,685,1881,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Paryphthimoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brixius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE859A57C5DAA5219FD43A604" box="[435,685,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Paryphthimoides brixius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: 1a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 2a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 5a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. All illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE858A57D5CDE55D7FBFFA0FC" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE858A57D5CDE55D7FE8BA1C5" bold="true" box="[199,357,150,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Fourth instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E858A57D5D6A55D7FE5EA1C4" box="[371,432,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,994,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-331@10.[151,1436,993,1857]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Life history of Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 2a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 5a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. All illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420368/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Fig 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 2a, b). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E858A57D5EF255D6FCD1A1C4" box="[747,831,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head appearing olive with numerous secondary setae, apparently thicker and increased in number compared to previous instar; head scolus overall similar to previous instar except somewhat shorter (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E858A57D5F03559EFC9DA18C" box="[794,883,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)) and distally (apex) orangish; patterns of darker markings on head capsule similar to previous instar except for area increasing in frontal part and reduced laterally around chalazae; arrangement and appearance of stemmata and chalazae similar to previous instar. Body color pattern similar to previous instar; spiracles appearing darker compared to previous instar; caudal filaments similar to previous instar. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E858A57D5E4A542FFD59A0FC" box="[595,695,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="13.4">13.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Duration: 9 days (n=1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE858A57D5CDE54D2FC7CA3B8" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE858A57D5CDE54D2FE20A0D9" bold="true" box="[199,462,402,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Fifth (ultimate) instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E858A57D5DC454D3FDF3A0D8" box="[477,541,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,994,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-331@10.[151,1436,993,1857]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Life history of Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 2a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 5a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. All illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420368/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Fig 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 3a, b;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E858A57D5E6954D3FD40A0D8" box="[624,686,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Fig 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
: j). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E858A57D5FDE54D3FBF0A0D8" box="[967,1054,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head appearing olive with numerous secondary setae, apparently thicker and denser compared to previous instar; head scolus overall similar to previous instar except shorter (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E858A57D5EAA549BFCE5A080" box="[691,779,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); patterns of dark brown markings on head capsule increasing on frontal side as well as laterally, as illustrated; arrangement and appearance of stemmata and chalazae similar to previous instar; five setae on one side of labrum, labrum appearing reduced. Body flesh-coloured; middorsal band and jagged dorso-lateral to lateral bands as in previous instar except for appearing somewhat brownish; spiracles appearing dark brownish and more prominent compared to previous instars; bifid caudal filaments, dorsally brownish, with inner side dark brownish resulting from continuation of mid-dorsal band, and terminating in pink posterior tip. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E858A57D5DDF57F2FDC4A3B8" box="[454,554,690,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="17.5">17.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Duration: 15 days (n=1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE858A57D5CDE5797FF33A2F4" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE858A57D5CDE5797FEEBA384" bold="true" box="[199,261,727,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E858A57D5D0F5797FEB8A384" box="[278,342,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,994,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-331@10.[151,1436,993,1857]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Life history of Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 2a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 5a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. All illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420368/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Fig 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 4a, b, c). Body cream in color and mottled with dark brown; wing case overall cream scattered with dark brown markings; body overall appearing short and rounded, with squared ocular caps; small cream and dark brown protuberances present in two rows along dorsal area of abdomen; brown cremaster, gradually narrowing towards distal end but appearing broader than previous two species. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E858A57D58325603FB6FA228" box="[1067,1153,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Duration: 15 days (n=1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E858A57D5CDE56CBFE92A540" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE858A57D5CDE56CBFA9AA2D3" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,1077]" box="[199,1396,907,934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE858A57D5CDE56CBFEA5A2D0" bold="true" box="[199,331,907,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Host plant.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE858A57D5D4B56CBFC35A2D0" authority="(Kunth) I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" authorityName="I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" box="[338,987,907,934]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE858A57D5D4B56CBFDC4A2D0" box="[338,554,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
(Kunth) I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE858A57D5FF356CBFBA2A2D0" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[1002,1100,907,933]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE858A57D584F56CBFB11A2D0" authorityName="Luerssen" authorityYear="1893" box="[1110,1279,907,933]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bambusoideae">Bambusoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE858A57D591356CBFA86A2D3" box="[1290,1384,907,934]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Olyreae">Olyreae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE858A57D5CDE56EFFE92A540" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
See corresponding section of previous species for further detail. At the time of larval collection for
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE858A57D5C8E5693FE5CA298" box="[151,434,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE858A57D5C8E5693FE43A298" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[151,429,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Paryphthimoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brixius">Paryphthimoides brixius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<date id="A21052BCE858A57D5DD95693FD8CA298" box="[448,610,979,1005]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" value="2021-05-23">May 23, 2021</date>
|
||||
), the plant was
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E858A57D5F165693FCA0A298" box="[783,846,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="0.4">0.4 m</quantity>
|
||||
tall. The larva was found at a distance of
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E858A57D59395693FAB1A298" box="[1312,1375,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="0.2">0.2 m</quantity>
|
||||
from the ground, on the abaxial surface of the leaf, in the middle part (between the base and the apex) just at the margin of the leaf (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="9B2C41C7E858A57D5D0E515BFE81A540" box="[279,367,1051,1077]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,517,543]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Details of sampled materials with information on the host plant conditions. Abbreviations: abaxial (AB); adaxial (AD); distal (D); middle (M); proximal (P); midrib (B); middle (E); margin (IN); new (N); mature (MA); old (O); none (NO); light (L); mid (MI); heavy (H)." pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
261
data/5E/07/C5/5E07C56AE85BA57C5C8E54BEFABEA1A0.xml
Normal file
261
data/5E/07/C5/5E07C56AE85BA57C5C8E54BEFABEA1A0.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="F3226E09FBCE3D50300F41AF6B18E048" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D20CFF00D339E515671BD554654F94D5">
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<mods:title id="A63E649188DC908C322AC4D900DFC95D">Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="33FA39614150FF164C86FBB5DAFC53F5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="53E4D0408322EC18104255D59301ACE4">Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="46444E9D4757A96957CE81B5C8626F5A" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0182-4194</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="A97DB620CBD845BF3066E1F26A99E38B">Universidad Nacional Amazonica de Madre de Dios, Av. Jorge Chávez 1160, Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios 17000, Perú corahuaespinoza 29 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0182 - 4194 & Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0FFCAF2B9764F2BEF6C14DA7928078A5" type="email">corahuaespinoza29@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3687B1EDF623BE763208ECF05FE9349A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5DCAFFF3EAE3F1F428C10EA55DACCCE3">Nakahara, Shinichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A331BF5BCF2420F5AC417B4DEBE2D1A6">McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA & Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434 Lima- 14, Perú</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F532ED01E63A512CC90DA9930CF5CA66" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B1D473AF7F898C7D30567A7FAAC5999B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="48589CF86D8903B0C1E827C68759C9D6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B8EFE318522A99828F2112CF9A3D0FF8">Kabir, Jamal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="211F588C82326D516FED18A8E337A23F">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D9E9131F2164F7B8BCCE9C5A5F417347" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="8AF6299FC17E6EDE43616E6DB905773B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FC3EDC843E6E734B1502157D8245D8BB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5DF87324CA3679796165C12E3FE06A54">Shellman, Brooke</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="34D330621B75FF90295B5DE6566EB081">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Department of Biology, St. Joseph’s College, Patchogue, NY 11772, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="16B182CE798061E1380CD51DF19F978C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="EA723DB5F17D0C297B5D832854CB47CD">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6B8A399E57FFD8AC865850C99F719223">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="48633425DAFDA99DC2BBABEFF48E1D96">Tejeira, Rafael</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="50D6283CD036AC7D9917D0761FF9D68D">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de La Cultura 773, Cusco 08000, Perú</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="D02CA1351C4C425EA10D6EC2494C1F02" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="5C82BC2D07353B26BDA9C390FFECE699">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1B76A4B792C8ED50E3E0A15DF042208E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart id="BA715AD27080B6C32BA5C12ADE3C04D5">Ccahuana, Rodrigo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="1F13799D83C59EB7B631ED99159D28E7">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de La Cultura 773, Cusco 08000, Perú</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="22708744764523C6E66340915CBFC41A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="80D57001CECB34F9576EE2FBCE5BE058">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="CC9CB62D7259DBB9850F2B8EA6A3C894">Gallice, Geoffrey</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="42C5816B582F6A74A2D5BB410BBA158C">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A7450B3CB984A9ABD38263FB290CE59B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="7717DA1F93601884F66240B41780E9F1" type="host">
|
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<mods:titleInfo id="39C9BC665A9549CED3F224551A003671">
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<mods:title id="34DEBE1B175D3B8C54B7D9FF7B02A061">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:part id="7C36C5DBF075A96D2B5386207E1208F3">
|
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<mods:date id="F89765BE95BB3DD49D4B2D238484C7EC">2022</mods:date>
|
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<mods:detail id="23EB36A82AB29069601481A978C5EA02" type="pubDate">
|
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<mods:number id="E8FBC597496F144CD24EA186CFFE1DA2">2022-04-07</mods:number>
|
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</mods:detail>
|
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<mods:detail id="4A97B3D276C7735F33535602F5F2F847" type="volume">
|
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<mods:number id="34792C0AE8D8574CDD6FC112C35CB590">5125</mods:number>
|
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</mods:detail>
|
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<mods:detail id="1E6737C7D1294C35F1771E88B32AB0AE" type="issue">
|
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<mods:number id="F84AD1C874113C385489656EE74F9FF5">1</mods:number>
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|
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<mods:classification id="FDE48013A2CD3B881E277DA135BEC6AE">journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier id="C0D3D6EC3705994062148014E6B78738" type="CLB-Dataset">53617</mods:identifier>
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||||
<mods:identifier id="59E24CD7CEA72016A0590F92AC809E39" type="GBIF-Dataset">289bec22-1397-48e1-b0f8-a59fe6da73fe</mods:identifier>
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||||
<mods:identifier id="98D178384DDBCE8F5BD740D70A313DD2" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="AD7A5FD2C62A23A35913533AA86B676C" type="Zenodo-Dep">6420356</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="347904E1DFEECEFB4B78DD1E55A27A39" type="ZooBank">B821DD6C-B803-4A27-806E-DD2ADC2238C7</mods:identifier>
|
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</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="5E07C56AE85BA57C5C8E54BEFABEA1A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420364" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194471763" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6420364" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E07C56AE85BA57C5C8E54BEFABEA1A0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E07C56AE85BA57C5C8E54BEFABEA1A0" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E85BA57E5C8E54BEFBA2A348" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57E5C8E54BEFD63A36D" blockId="8.[151,1100,510,573]" box="[151,653,510,537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<heading id="8D59C310E85BA57E5C8E54BEFD63A36D" bold="true" box="[151,653,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" reason="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85BA57E5C8E54BEFD63A36D" ID-CoL="4Z9DV" authority="(Hewitson, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[151,653,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Splendeuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5C8E54BEFD63A36D" bold="true" box="[151,653,510,537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5C8E54BEFE5AA36D" bold="true" box="[151,436,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Splendeuptychia furina</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hewitson, 1862)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57E5C8E5763FBA2A348" blockId="8.[151,1100,510,573]" box="[151,1100,546,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">(2020-FLP-IMM-0073; 2021-FLP-IMM-0316, 0467, 0553, 0554, 0556, 0557, 0558)</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E85BA57F5C8E572BFEF9A668" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57E5C8E572BFC37A3DC" blockId="8.[151,1437,619,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
As indicated in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="9B2C41C7E85BA57E5D54572BFE4FA3F0" box="[333,417,619,645]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,528,554]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Voucher information and dates recorded for four euptychiine species studied herein." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/82D124F4E850A5755C8E5750FB7EA35F" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" tableUuid="82D124F4E850A5755C8E5750FB7EA35F">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
, this taxon goes through either four or five larval instars. The description below is based mainly on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554, which passed through five larval instars.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57E5CDE57F3FCABA24C" blockId="8.[151,1437,619,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5CDE57F3FF18A3B8" bold="true" box="[199,246,691,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Egg</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5D1357F3FEBAA3B8" box="[266,340,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 1a, b). Spherical, semi-transparent, pearl-like and whitish in color, with polygonal markings covering the surface. Brown irregular short stripes, partially delineating polygonal markings, appearing two days prior to hatching (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5D7D57BBFE4DA260" box="[356,419,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig.2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 1a); head capsule visible day prior to hatching (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5FD057BBFBE1A260" box="[969,1039,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 1b). Diameter: 1.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E58E257BBFAA1A260" box="[1275,1359,763,789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=2). Duration: Unknown, hatched 2–3 days (n=4) after collection.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57E5CDE5602FEA6A5B0" blockId="8.[151,1437,619,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5CDE5602FEA1A229" bold="true" box="[199,335,834,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">First instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5D795603FE48A228" box="[352,422,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 2a, b;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5DE25603FDAFA228" box="[507,577,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
: e). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5F7B5603FC54A228" box="[866,954,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing black with rectangular scolus, with two rather broad setae (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5F775627FC26A2F4" box="[878,968,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); three chalazae visible in frontal view, M1, M2, M3, with seta on each of M1-3; five setae on one side of labrum; with stemma 1 and 6 somewhat paler and thus insignificant, stemma 3 largest, closer to stemma 2 than 4. Body integument creamy whitish and semi-transparent, thus influencing dark green (anterior half of abdomen and occasionally thorax) to light green (towards terminal abdominal segments) body color due to gut content; pair of white stripes in subdorsal area; tracheal system barely visible; chaetotaxy not fully discernible based on photographs, primary setae weakly bulbed at apex (
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5CEC517FFEDDA52D" box="[245,307,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B23F098DE85BA57E5D20517FFE07A52C" author="Murray, D. L." box="[313,489,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" refId="ref13464" refString="Murray, D. L. (2001) Systematics of neotropical satyrine butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Euptychiina) based on larval morphology and DNA sequence data and the evolution of life history traits. PhD dissertation, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 367 pp." type="book" year="2001">Murray (2001))</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, XD1 and XD2 visible on T1; D1, D2, SD1 and L1 apparently present from T1 to A10 (D1 approximately 1.5 times longer than D2 on A8 and A9); ventral prolegs present on A3 to A6, caudal prolegs present on A10; caudal filaments short (shorter than A
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5EEF51C7FCCEA5D4" box="[758,800,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
|
||||
dorsal view). Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E584E51C6FB30A5D4" box="[1111,1246,1158,1185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="5.05" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.6">4.6–5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=2). Duration: 5–9 days (n=4).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57E5CDE518EFA91A77C" blockId="8.[151,1437,619,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5CDE518EFE82A59D" bold="true" box="[199,364,1230,1256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Second instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5D66518FFE29A59C" box="[383,455,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 3a, b;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5E3B518FFD87A59C" box="[546,617,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
: f). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5F88518FFC04A59C" box="[913,1002,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing black with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, entirely blackish, inner fork positioned almost perpendicular to horizontal plane, with seta on both tips (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5FCE5057FBDFA444" box="[983,1073,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); seven whitish chalazae visible on lateral side, M1, M2, M3, P1, P2, P3, P4, with primary seta on each of M1-3, and P1, seta on P2 not discernable; six setae on one side of labrum, six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body dark green; dorsally with white, band-like rows of spots somewhat delineating the mid-dorsal region (more defined from T1 to T3); broad and whitish pair of sub-dorsal stripes, extending towards base of caudal filament, with narrow concolorous lateral stripe present below; spiracles visible as light brownish spots, prominent on T1 and A8; caudal filaments, dorsally pink, shorter than A
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5E5650AFFD96A77C" box="[591,632,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
|
||||
dorsal view. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5FBC50AFFC15A77C" box="[933,1019,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="7.7">7.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Duration: 4–6 days (n = 4).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57E5CDE5352FDFBA638" blockId="8.[151,1437,619,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5CDE5352FEB4A759" bold="true" box="[199,346,1554,1580]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Third instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5D735353FE41A758" box="[362,431,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 4a, b). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5EEC5353FCA5A758" box="[757,843,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing black with numerous secondary setae; “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, entirely blackish, inner fork positioned almost perpendicular to horizontal plane, with seta on both tips (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5EE9531BFCA8A700" box="[752,838,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); seven whitish chalazae visible on lateral side, M1, M2, M3, P1, P2, P3, P4, with primary seta on each of M1-3; six setae on one side of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body dark green, dorsally with pair of white, narrow, parallel bands delineating the mid-dorsal region; broad and whitish pair of sub-dorsal stripes, extending towards base of caudal filament, with narrow concolorous lateral stripe present below; spiracles visible as light brownish spots, prominent on T1 and A8; caudal filaments, dorsally pink, similar in length to A
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5FB1524FFC3CA65C" box="[936,978,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
|
||||
dorsal view. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E591E524EFA73A65C" box="[1287,1437,1806,1833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" metricValueMax="1.1099999999999999" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="10.3" valueMax="11.1" valueMin="9.5">9.5–11.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=2). Duration: 5–7 days (n = 4).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85BA57F5CDE5217FD5FA034" blockId="8.[151,1437,619,2013]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85BA57E5CDE5217FE85A605" bold="true" box="[199,363,1878,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fourth instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5D675217FE29A604" box="[382,455,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 5a, b;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85BA57E5E385217FD87A604" box="[545,617,1878,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
: g). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E5F8F5217FC01A604" box="[918,1007,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, appearing orangish, inner fork positioned perpendicular to horizontal plane, appearing darker distally, with seta on both tips (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85BA57E58F452DFFAAAA6CC" box="[1261,1348,1951,1977]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); seven whitish chalazae (M1-3, P1-4) visible on lateral side, developed compared to previous instar, with primary seta on each of these seven chalazae, as well as on two chalazae posterior of scolus; dark band-like marking visible on frontal part and lateral side of head capsule (as illustrated); six setae on one side of labrum; six stemmata visible, with first and sixth somewhat semi-transparent and thus insignificant, third stemma largest. Body lighter than previous instar; general pattern similar to previous instar except for spiracles appearing whitish. Body length: 19.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85AA57F5CCE5466FED4A034" box="[215,314,294,321]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="19.5">19.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=2). Duration: 6–7 days (n=2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="82D124F4E85AA57F5C8E5106FB93A467" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" startId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" targetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" targetPageId="9">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85AA57F5C8E5106FB93A467" blockId="9.[151,1437,1094,1298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5C8E5106FEFAA52B" bold="true" box="[151,276,1094,1118]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
Life history of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85AA57F5DAF5106FD4DA52B" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[438,675,1094,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Splendeuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5DAF5106FD4DA52B" box="[438,675,1094,1118]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Splendeuptychia furina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85AA57F5CDE5000FE54A705" blockId="9.[151,1437,1344,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5CDE5000FE3AA42F" bold="true" box="[199,468,1344,1370]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fifth (ultimate) instar</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85AA57F5DFE5000FDDEA42E" box="[487,560,1344,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 6a, b; 7a, b;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85AA57F5EC15000FCCEA42E" box="[728,800,1344,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,151,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[204,1384,151,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420376/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
: h). Head capsule width:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85AA57F58565000FB46A42E" box="[1103,1192,1344,1371]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1). Head capsule appearing olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, similar to previous instar except for appearing shorter in proportion to head capsule height (scolus length
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85AA57F5FF850C6FBD7A4D5" box="[993,1081,1414,1440]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=1)); seven chalazae (M1-3, P1-4) visible on lateral side but appearing orangish compared to previous instar and less developed; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar; four setae discernable on one side of labrum with few other small setae, labrum appearing reduced. Body mint green (turns purplish a day prior to pupation, mobile but does not feed;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85AA57F5CCE5350FEF2A75E" box="[215,284,1552,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 7a, b); general pattern similar to previous instar except for stripes somewhat insignificant by blended into mint green body color except for T1, spiracles appearing creamy orangish. Body length: 25.8–26.0 mm (n=2). Duration: 8–9 days (n=2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85AA57F5CDE5339FEF9A668" blockId="9.[151,1437,1344,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5CDE5339FEEBA7E6" bold="true" box="[199,261,1657,1683]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85AA57F5D0D5338FEB6A7E6" box="[276,344,1656,1683]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,346,1067]" captionTargetId="figure-95@9.[151,1436,345,1071]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life history of Splendeuptychia furina: 1a) egg with brown stripes and mandibles showing through translucence, 1b) head capsule showing through translucence two days prior to hatching; 2a, b) first instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) second instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 5a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 6a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 7a, b) ultimate instar exhibiting purple colouration a day prior to pupation, dorsal and lateral view; 8a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 9a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. Figure 2b, 3b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0556; otherwise illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420362/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 8a, b, c). Body dark chestnut brown and mottled with cream spots; body overall appearing slender with squared ocular caps; small dark brown protuberances present in two rows along dorsal area of abdomen; paired shoulder-like protuberances present on the mesothorax; pale cremaster, short and gradually narrowing towards distal end in posterior view, with rounded pitted sculptures. Body length:
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85AA57F5FFE53A0FB65A78E" box="[999,1163,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2399999999999998" metricValueMax="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMin="1.16" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="12.399999999999999" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="11.6">11.6–13.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=2). Duration: 11–14 days (n=7).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E85AA57C5CDE5266FABEA1A0" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85AA57F5CDE5266FEEFA616" blockId="9.[151,1437,1344,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5CDE5266FEAAA635" bold="true" box="[199,324,1830,1856]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Host plant</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85AA57F5D4A5266FE7DA635" box="[339,403,1830,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1106,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-423@11.[151,1436,1101,1811]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Host plant, two variations of Taquara micrantha. Taquara micrantha with pubescence on the abaxial surface as a host plant for Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the node and abaxial part showing pubescence; 1c) inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. Taquara micrantha lacking pubescence for Splendeuptychia furina: 2a) leaves and inflorescence in situ; 2b) close-up view of nodes; 2c) close-up view of abaxial surface showing lack of pubescence; 2d) host plant in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420370/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fig 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 2a–d).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85AA57F5DF55267FB9AA635" authority="(Kunth) I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" authorityName="I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" box="[492,1140,1830,1857]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5DF55267FD2AA635" box="[492,708,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
(Kunth) I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85AA57F589D5266FB08A635" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[1156,1254,1830,1856]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85AA57F58E95266FA77A635" authorityName="Luerssen" authorityYear="1893" box="[1264,1433,1830,1856]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bambusoideae">Bambusoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85AA57F5C8E5208FF1BA616" box="[151,245,1864,1891]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Olyreae">Olyreae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85AA57F5CDE522BFCEAA6BE" blockId="9.[151,1437,1344,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
See corresponding section of previous species for further detail. All the larvae of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85AA57F5874522BFB20A6F0" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[1133,1230,1899,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Splendeuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5874522BFB20A6F0" box="[1133,1230,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">S. furina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
collected in 2021 were sampled from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85AA57F5D6152CFFDBFA6DD" box="[376,593,1934,1960]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5D6152CFFDBFA6DD" box="[376,593,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and all individuals shared characteristics of absence of pubescence on the abaxial leaf surface (another variation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85AA57F5E7C52F1FD1DA6BF" box="[613,755,1968,1994]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5E7C52F1FD1DA6BF" box="[613,755,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">T. micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85AA57C5CDE5293FABEA1A0" blockId="9.[151,1437,1344,2030]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
Based on 2021- FLP-IMM-0554, the individual associated with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85AA57F5F815293FC17A698" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[920,1017,2003,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Splendeuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85AA57F5F815293FC17A698" box="[920,1017,2003,2029]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">S. furina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was located near a palm swamp, in a small forest area. At the date of collection the plant was
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E859A57C5F0A55D7FCBAA1C4" box="[787,852,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="0.4">0.4 m</quantity>
|
||||
tall. The egg was found at a distance of
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E859A57C590755D7FAB0A1C4" box="[1310,1374,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="0.1">0.1 m</quantity>
|
||||
from the ground, on the abaxial surface, proximal to the leaf base, and between the midrib and margin of the leaf.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
155
data/5E/07/C5/5E07C56AE85DA5785C8E55D7FD1AA3B8.xml
Normal file
155
data/5E/07/C5/5E07C56AE85DA5785C8E55D7FD1AA3B8.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
|
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<mods:mods id="38D6EB07A60D031FEFCFA2CA2B000CC1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C7C96617EE9FA12B93CBB3A71E9449B7">
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<mods:title id="9E14C483E41328F7EE833C64BEED2545">Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name id="271117ACACF8F8462A447DC2A63DD471" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B978F3D7B49882963B24C0E2012D00E4">Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="929927494856C7FFAB21222EAC419B91" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0182-4194</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="B81FD7E6DA84DB15CD64AF9ECC3A889C">Universidad Nacional Amazonica de Madre de Dios, Av. Jorge Chávez 1160, Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios 17000, Perú corahuaespinoza 29 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0182 - 4194 & Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2126906D3F2C79887714FDED7ABDF3CE" type="email">corahuaespinoza29@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="499C1A74E7CCE69859E2C246633AE3BA">Nakahara, Shinichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="99DF4DEBEEADA424E33A845F05BA5665">McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA & Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434 Lima- 14, Perú</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
|
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="67FFBD19154AC3F49BB634F57D341B7D">Kabir, Jamal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="77CDCB67DF91C938262F35631D81BB88">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="504D108A148A9F973861F740785EA5DC">Shellman, Brooke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0C95D512D25E526FFC631F5F9D2A135D">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Department of Biology, St. Joseph’s College, Patchogue, NY 11772, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="CFE5C49C106269588E2290966F75C0C8" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FCBE76375BA2653EF2DBA6C1B88EC91D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C8A43EB8362A299C37AA37BF3F5045D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="D463CCCF3B9A822598CBF99A5FF56E2E">Tejeira, Rafael</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="59EEAF08D55377C92FC58B81AB114DAE">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de La Cultura 773, Cusco 08000, Perú</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="EF1CBEC6C46F76C199FB743EE0EA4450" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3A0B31E8D7A938E78E0F5E0E83CBB50A">Ccahuana, Rodrigo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DEFA88CEE22A1FC63B1FA0314D08AC00">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de La Cultura 773, Cusco 08000, Perú</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9DFE10BBDE88A50F71F6748896C8467F">Gallice, Geoffrey</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="F419855BE49467B94AD6D3CF099D44E3">Alliance for a Sustainable Amazon, Potomac, MD 20854, USA & McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7970FB0583016D8B6146B94D3EF42E12">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="30B88CAAF9C87BD75E43A11432BB5CDB" type="host">
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||||
<mods:titleInfo id="F307BC4435B185809F1CF8DED11B664D">
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<mods:title id="E230B9AE86EE8C81A620C3053108E95D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8DDEED25049FE0FF23404C60BA267167">
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<mods:date id="1068F349FF331063E7D1E692A2F23A9A">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AC7674C6A178CA9B8CC9BBA5D4BAAEE3">2022-04-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EDF1D108086BC366C710CE2FEDAE04FC">5125</mods:number>
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<treatment id="5E07C56AE85DA5785C8E55D7FD1AA3B8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420380" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194471761" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6420380" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E07C56AE85DA5785C8E55D7FD1AA3B8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E07C56AE85DA5785C8E55D7FD1AA3B8" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E85DA5785C8E55D7FE09A1A3" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D611747CE85DA5785C8E55D7FD0BA1C4" blockId="14.[151,741,151,214]" box="[151,741,151,178]" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="8D59C310E85DA5785C8E55D7FD0BA1C4" bold="true" box="[151,741,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
|
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<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785C8E55D7FD0BA1C4" ID-CoL="94545" authority="(C. Felder & R. Felder)" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[151,741,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Magneuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harpyia">
|
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<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85DA5785C8E55D7FD0BA1C4" bold="true" box="[151,741,151,178]" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">
|
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<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85DA5785C8E55D7FE57A1C7" bold="true" box="[151,441,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">Magneuptychia harpyia</emphasis>
|
||||
(C. Felder & R. Felder)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85DA5785C8E55FBFE09A1A3" blockId="14.[151,741,151,214]" box="[151,487,187,214]" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">(2021-FLP-IMM-0352, 0555)</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="9EB427F7E85DA5785C8E5443FD1AA3B8" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" type="biology_ecology">
|
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<paragraph id="D611747CE85DA5785C8E5443FE15A0A4" blockId="14.[151,1437,259,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">
|
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<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85DA5785C8E5443FEC9A068" bold="true" box="[151,295,259,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">Host plants.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785D375443FE21A068" box="[302,463,259,285]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Olyra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85DA5785D375443FE21A068" box="[302,463,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">Olyra latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L. (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785DE45443FDB1A068" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[509,607,259,285]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785E735443FCFDA068" authorityName="Luerssen" authorityYear="1893" box="[618,787,259,285]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bambusoideae">Bambusoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785F075443FC96A06B" box="[798,888,259,286]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Olyreae">Olyreae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85DA5785F965443FC3BA068" box="[911,981,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[151,1436,181,1855]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Host plants for Magneuptychia harpyia: Olyra latifolia L.: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the nodes; 1c) close-up view of inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. 1e) Taquara micrantha in situ 2a, b) adult of Magneuptychia harpyia in dorsal and ventral view (based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0352)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420378/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 1a–d). Based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0352, the larva was found on a plant in a primary forest located on a property adjacent to FLP (Monterrey). This plant species is typically found in areas of limited light availability and usually grows in groups of a few individuals, near other species of herbaceous plants of similar size. The collection was made when the plant was
|
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<quantity id="1156D999E85DA57858A5542FFB15A0FF" box="[1212,1275,367,394]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="0.8">0.8 m</quantity>
|
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tall. The larva was found at a distance of
|
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<quantity id="1156D999E85DA5785DD154D3FDE7A0DB" box="[456,521,403,430]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="0.8">0.8 m</quantity>
|
||||
from the ground, on the abaxial leaf surface, at the base of the leaf blade, just at the margin of the leaf (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="9B2C41C7E85DA5785D8F54F7FE00A0A4" box="[406,494,439,465]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,517,543]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Details of sampled materials with information on the host plant conditions. Abbreviations: abaxial (AB); adaxial (AD); distal (D); middle (M); proximal (P); midrib (B); middle (E); margin (IN); new (N); mature (MA); old (O); none (NO); light (L); mid (MI); heavy (H)." pageId="14" pageNumber="51">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D611747CE85DA5785CDE549CFF2CA36C" blockId="14.[151,1437,259,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">
|
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<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785CDE549CFCBFA080" authority="(Kunth) I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" authorityName="I. L. C. Oliveira & R. P. Oliveira" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" box="[199,849,475,502]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
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<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85DA5785CDE549CFE71A080" box="[199,415,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">Taquara micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
(Kunth) I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785F79549BFC2CA080" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[864,962,475,501]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785FD4549BFB98A080" authorityName="Luerssen" authorityYear="1893" box="[973,1142,475,501]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bambusoideae">Bambusoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785899549BFB34A083" box="[1152,1242,475,502]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Olyreae">Olyreae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4E9568F9E85DA57858EB549BFAD6A080" box="[1266,1336,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1106,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-423@11.[151,1436,1101,1811]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Host plant, two variations of Taquara micrantha. Taquara micrantha with pubescence on the abaxial surface as a host plant for Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the node and abaxial part showing pubescence; 1c) inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. Taquara micrantha lacking pubescence for Splendeuptychia furina: 2a) leaves and inflorescence in situ; 2b) close-up view of nodes; 2c) close-up view of abaxial surface showing lack of pubescence; 2d) host plant in situ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6420370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6420370/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
: 2a–c. 6: 1e).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D611747CE85DA5785CDE5763FD1AA3B8" blockId="14.[151,1437,259,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
See corresponding section of previous species for further detail. Based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0555, the egg was sampled from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785D225708FE25A314" box="[315,459,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Cryptogeobiidae" genus="Taquara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micrantha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85DA5785D225708FE25A314" box="[315,459,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">T. micrantha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with variation of absence of pubescence in the abaxial part of the leaf. The individual associated with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AE0FFFE85DA5785D50572CFE2AA3F0" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[329,452,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Magneuptychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harpyia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4DAA86EE85DA5785D50572CFE2AA3F0" box="[329,452,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="51">M. harpyia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was located near a palm swamp, in a small forest area. At the date of collection the plant was
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85DA5785CD057CFFEE7A3DF" box="[201,265,655,682]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="0.4">0.4 m</quantity>
|
||||
tall. The egg was found at a distance of
|
||||
<quantity id="1156D999E85DA5785ED257CFFCE5A3DF" box="[715,779,655,682]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="0.1">0.1 m</quantity>
|
||||
from the ground, on the abaxial surface, in the middle part of the leaf, between the midrib and margin of the leaf.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
|
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|
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142
data/5E/07/EB/5E07EBF2A02D8B88B03A93D81AAFA384.xml
Normal file
142
data/5E/07/EB/5E07EBF2A02D8B88B03A93D81AAFA384.xml
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<mods:title id="84D6BD5ADC15DA0EAF89A45EFF44EEBB">Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CB2B78708FB763DD4B8E5136747396F3">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BA51E601009810F199DC7AA9C38CB94A">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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<treatment id="5E07EBF2A02D8B88B03A93D81AAFA384" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11325222" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231522886" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11325222" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E07EBF2A02D8B88B03A93D81AAFA384" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E07EBF2A02D8B88B03A93D81AAFA384" lastPageNumber="1123" pageNumber="1123" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13000689">
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<paragraph id="F7CBF1292DD9E497A19B999F74322033" pageNumber="1123">
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<taxonomicName id="4D62E45287DFB68F5A50A142D613BE47" ID-CoL="3W9KY" authority="(Waterhouse 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Loxodontomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="micropus">
|
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<emphasis id="E1C7430702062C1599B33F97C689AD8F" italics="true" pageNumber="1123">Loxodontomys micropus</emphasis>
|
||||
(Waterhouse 1837)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2EC641C770E47BE0ADFADF350B0C6CC1" pageNumber="1123" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2555389FE690FC6DD22778668AEE448C" pageNumber="1123">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="DDF66429C0D13A3D17EC908CCF75A2AC" author="Waterhouse" authority="Waterhouse 1837" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Mus" journal="Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond." kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="17" pageNumber="1123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="micropus" title="Mus micropus" volume="1837" year="1837">
|
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<taxonomicName id="E9AE035B4A673FD42E5C9ABCAA862A7C" authority="Waterhouse 1837" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="micropus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0279814DC01472AAE187E00A6013B8D6" italics="true" pageNumber="1123">[Mus] micropus</emphasis>
|
||||
Waterhouse 1837
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibCitation id="94320E46875CE3B288476016BE03716A" author="Waterhouse" journal="Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond." pageNumber="1123" pagination="17" title="Mus micropus" volume="1837" year="1837">Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1837: 17</bibCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CE353033E57B116A941A69D3D594A394" pageNumber="1123" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="45C81CF871170C3969C81C6638765E94" pageNumber="1123">
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<emphasis id="BD4F984096CF7B7166EF4D0FEAE5F90F" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1123">Type Locality:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="5A8BCFB63D672A69FC50CB7DAE0127A1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867286828" country="Argentina" pageNumber="1123" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1512F4A1C73F4E7125504DCBCBEEAF43" name="Argentina">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="005D53BCED4FFAFFC642EB281B64BEF9" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz">Santa Cruz Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, "interior plains of Patagonia" at
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7C8EE95E83D8B017B2F495799B247E25" degrees="50" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55555" value="-50.0">50°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
latitude, near the Río
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="11C75638F537B8762C81E01DE08FCAA8" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(probably near
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="58EF6331161BA8DD646E5A3B13B212F1" name="Argentina">La Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||||
as per
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="996F8852254E2E23B8A465CC47A7A807" author="Hershkovitz, P." refId="ref149270" refString="Hershkovitz, P. 1962. Evolution of Neotropical cricetine rodents (Muridae) with special reference to the phyllotine group. Fieldiana: Zoology, 46: 1 - 524." year="1962">Hershkovitz, 1962:392</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7CD6721D833D64AC5A2A9F08FCF557CC" pageNumber="1123" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="789C313237BCEC45B7194161A7C49005" pageNumber="1123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="15B3317CA59DFA5116372280CCAACE94" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1123">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
|
||||
<vernacularName id="0E56667D3D21C75E955AB0DB4F678279" language="eng" pageNumber="1123">Southern Pericote</vernacularName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F4DE7CE1AFA68E4CB8B9B831D3E942A8" pageNumber="1123" type="synonym_list">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D688BFA61837D9A8DD572873B0175936" pageNumber="1123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A9D65854DEFC30BEF7F53D8E3ECC114F" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1123">Synonyms:</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7EA5132A4BBFA41CFC7A668B0DA84A52" authority="(Thomas 1919)" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1919" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Loxodontomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alsus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="745FA8097D2CE48C45D0CEABD9FD69B0" italics="true" pageNumber="1123">Loxodontomys alsus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BFC33BE95E65A5340C448771A10C3687" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref354472" refString="Thomas, O. 1919. On small mammals from " Otro Cerro " north-eastern Rioja, collected by Sr. E. Budin. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 9, 3: 489 - 500." year="1919">Thomas 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="609FD9646FED99A781D646BF0C44E64D" authority="(Osgood 1943)" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1943" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Loxodontomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fumipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FA80F0018B835C05DB42A06487301C09" italics="true" pageNumber="1123">Loxodontomys fumipes</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0B8E28DB3AD8BDF3DC0A4428D36A7CAB" author="Osgood, W. H." refId="ref269062" refString="Osgood, W. H. 1943. The mammals of Chile. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 30: 1 - 268." year="1943">Osgood 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="729944FB99099E7704D06E716E454EB6" pageNumber="1123" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BFCB75985BD06AA0D556E7B308C1DB35" pageNumber="1123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7401EC5BFB494A016B644D7E04ABE677" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1123">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||||
S Andes of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="06E57AD103FE87709C3B4C5CFBDD24A2" name="Chile">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="207315E7102CE6E3D5CDC3C54F633F3E" name="Argentina">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, from about
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="68FA6DBC583B4F581D7366C8B35E51BF" degrees="38" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55555" value="-38.0">38°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
latitude to Straits of Magellan.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="36E1280C170498C3CCAC8336357D2D86" pageNumber="1123" type="conservation">
|
||||
<paragraph id="65AE378607E405A6C3003DFFA311473A" pageNumber="1123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8645F4F672BD86AA907E5BF2E58589F3" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1123">Conservation:</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="CACF841CCE735532672CE3C5AEB2197D">IUCN</collectionCode>
|
||||
– Lower Risk (lc) as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3CD4353CA6B75706C6E6DD5BCE40A93C" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Auliscomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="micropus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1678248BB30EA167075E9B70DCDC2A04" italics="true" pageNumber="1123">Auliscomys micropus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="59656DB516AE0B5BEE28B244295E5E9C" pageNumber="1123" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A49621615D8B339E3D2033C2A7F77C52" pageNumber="1123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="56F5E2D672ED3CB1AE3BCC069C1DFDA2" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1123">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||||
Revised by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="617A44A8F890EA0D2F493D74D2C39572" author="Pearson, O. P." refId="ref278431" refString="Pearson, O. P. 1958. A taxonomic revision of the rodent genus Phyllotis. University of California Publications in Zoology, 56: 391 - 496." year="1958">Pearson (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; banded karyotype published by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F33624FCDDB504D74B7EE901933BFEEE" author="Spotorno O., A. E. & L. I. Walker B." refId="ref337352" refString="Spotorno O., A. E., and L. I. Walker B. 1979. Analisis de similitud cromosomica segun patrones de bandas G en cuatro especies chilenas de Phyllotis (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Archivos de Biologia y Medicina Experimentales (Santiago), 12: 83 - 90." year="1979">Spotorno and Walker (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
Loading…
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