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data/0D/B1/7D/0DB17D1669F596D33821845CEAEE0B03.xml
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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="291558" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d3e1411b-0f31-4166-a7e6-d9bd99844069" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" checkinTime="1706569703097" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner & Andreas Gygax" docDate="2018" docId="0DB17D1669F596D33821845CEAEE0B03" docLanguage="de" docName="FloraHelv.Brassicaceae.xml" docOrigin="Flora Helvetica, Bern: Haupt Verlag" docTitle="Iberis intermedia Guers." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="FDEC21F53A68F3D5E141A2CFFB1F2817" lastPageNumber="548" masterDocId="DA8741A7CB0A16430F616322A6568952" masterDocTitle="Flora Helvetica - Brassicaceae" masterLastPageNumber="566" masterPageNumber="480" pageNumber="548" updateTime="1711157832449" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="15DB43F864E8C9E8C904405406A55098" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="D7E73328BA6AEBDF794ED56C07E9B95C">
|
||||
<mods:title id="3F7822C4DCC1D21A189138C3056FBDA4">Flora Helvetica - Brassicaceae</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="AB89E78C137B9F3F1A7089F1E14278B5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="8DE516DD2E2D9E8503C45F605EC238D2">
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||||
<mods:roleTerm id="EA103B3A7828038ED63A5C57511F5D70">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="AD486FE2694298415A1B9C5544E5BC74">Konrad Lauber</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="89C6C6C4D61EF60C2185019ACD1E6777" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="53B33B5570C7791978AF88204F000F44">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7A8EFC15009A95569702F953E1411116">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="1DDF83D1D6BD966E4D1FC04596786E3E">Gerhart Wagner</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="688252E2AAAB1D071C23294354218C3E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="51E917FD3894DCE31AB60AF02A37A08A">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="A111BF58B19338B84CC3B255F97D185F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="11182E314C0059E41AD8EE9218CF2283">Andreas Gygax</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="C3A767FC08534B4B6696440F9437BDD0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="C1A379CC0D73700051B1A26B928754CC" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:originInfo id="26D6CFB8D55367912D5C737968B3FBD3">
|
||||
<mods:dateIssued id="B97F8745C13C1312302D7D0EE447DC76">2018</mods:dateIssued>
|
||||
<mods:publisher id="1B03E9289333F73D80D4DA7960923626">Haupt Verlag</mods:publisher>
|
||||
<mods:place id="732A73E4B848A944DC2C45D64C72A142">
|
||||
<mods:placeTerm id="739AC80D45C34D319D7C04A4E0DDEF2C">Bern</mods:placeTerm>
|
||||
</mods:place>
|
||||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="D586563C09886DE638020E4DEA9416F1">
|
||||
<mods:title id="FFC1E6011415A020410B6E7EB38B1BA9">Flora Helvetica</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="57A8EC54B0FC73130238788C4B05BEA8">
|
||||
<mods:extent id="DB912F59D8BF2A7A2BB61C35A56E1D11" unit="page">
|
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<mods:start id="09B9647DC5629F30A68C8F8B4F640D6F">480</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="C2D64D3679346CB8B7378CC9B9862F6C">566</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="CBD455EAB584433C9940966674F924BA">book chapter</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="CE51E1D61550CEF47C940EAC12B357CF" type="ISBN">978-3-258-08047-5</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="0DB17D1669F596D33821845CEAEE0B03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10856892" ID-GBIF-Taxon="224053099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10856892" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0DB17D1669F596D33821845CEAEE0B03" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0DB17D1669F596D33821845CEAEE0B03" lastPageNumber="548" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="82553BD9A42C111CC6999A38E8A42F61" pageNumber="548" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9B18BF5E98418EA3325B13AA2CE440CB" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7D57D6E85F906F0D5FB73C52F727D1B6" authority="Guers." authorityName="Guers." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Iberis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageNumber="546" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F1605FD8A71BCFD2324FB82586CD9123" italics="true" pageNumber="548">Iberis intermedia</emphasis>
|
||||
Guers.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F06D360959B7D58B18646400A2FD7B48" pageNumber="548" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D2716E339FF0C862584C79FB34246E60" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
Artbeschreibung:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6F608926581CA40F33C7D4F77F7D3392" originalValue="Ähnlich" pageNumber="546">Aehnlich</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wie
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4395D54874E34AF833688D4634430D80" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Iberis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageNumber="546" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umbellata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9286AB62AAFA9B86EC4C6CBED677196B" italics="true" pageNumber="548">I. umbellata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, aber
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1A17D843A9CF71C1FBEB820A4815A4DA" originalValue="Blätter" pageNumber="546">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C6E8EC32590C24CAB278FCB2C8231288" originalValue="höchstens" pageNumber="546">hoechstens</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<quantity id="41EF2919273D5DE1FAD5F41D6FB2D0F5" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageNumber="546" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
breit, die unteren des ersten Jahres jederseits mit 1-2
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C8F58D5A4AE68D05EB038AF4FB88299A" originalValue="Zähnen" pageNumber="546">Zaehnen</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, die des zweiten Jahres ganzrandig, die oberen stets ganzrandig,
|
||||
<emphasis id="7737E07CE1DB777ECFB6B7BBD06C07E9" bold="true" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0103A8D81A89809F2963AE4DE4D72235" originalValue="Kronblätter" pageNumber="546">Kronblaetter</normalizedToken>
|
||||
lila, Fruchtstand deutlich
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B4DD6177348DC74D7C21667631CE9826" originalValue="länger" pageNumber="546">laenger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
als breit, Fruchtstiele fast rechtwinklig abstehend
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0F0672AD0447B7C6E4413AA1A62D3BD6" originalValue="Schötchen" pageNumber="546">Schoetchen</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<quantity id="C812F082C5B4A861B91D8F9326A9F78C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageNumber="546" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6-8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
lang,
|
||||
<emphasis id="F81AD2072DB9B30C9926A4F7CEC780B9" bold="true" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
Ausrandung stumpfwinklig, Griffel
|
||||
<quantity id="89BF03A8BF785D7EE3B7E3A0E7964D90" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageNumber="546" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1-1,5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
lang, ca. so lang wie die zugespitzten
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B49BEE366C2665F6ACF2BA0FDB806F3E" originalValue="Flügelzipfel" pageNumber="546">Fluegelzipfel</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4D27F4693DC10A6EAC50F0E1D44DDEFC" pageNumber="548" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0318A741AA1A43F93528887EB53349AA" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F2A40F3F274CDC8EDCEDBAF25DC402BF" originalValue="Blütezeit" pageNumber="546">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
|
||||
: 6-7
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E1C2EED86757F45EAE6E9C888D444A14" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Kalkschutt, Trockenrasen,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3F24982F7FE1C1009A89BCD88DF42DDF" originalValue="Schuttplätze" pageNumber="546">Schuttplaetze</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, auch kultiviert und gelegentlich verwildert / kollin-montan / JU
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DD5AD870F00BD8DA8C3B7EFCC2B4E22C" pageNumber="548" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E929FA1C4A7E55AF74E5453281F95C71" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
Verbreitung global:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2DA5F27CFAD0ECF6B2D97A33FCE49040" originalValue="Südeuropäisch" pageNumber="546">Suedeuropaeisch</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CE761B290AC9FD6526B83E3DAE9199B7" pageNumber="548" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0AAB2232D67C7AE4DB91C92FFBBDAC0A" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EAB5AF1FA9D273446399E7DEA45E9762" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Zeigerwerte nach
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="88F09B5B1F8B564A72610FA7E988DD15" author="Landolt, E. & Bäumler, B. & Erhardt, A. & Hegg, O. & Klötzli, F. & Lämmler, W. & Nobis, M. & Rudmann-Maurer, K. & Theurillat, J.P. & Urmi, E. & Vust, M. & Wohlgemuth, T." pageNumber="548" publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt & al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B347B65EC5AAB05D29F7B6E7296FE19B" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<table id="73E8C46A1F87EF28405012C8928AC410" class="table" inLine="true" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<tr id="95D59816402B2EE419045DB084F5BF30" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<th id="CA04B7428AB706035EB2DE237CF249C7" colspan="2" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B2EB4A7C0E0CF219CE895BB64A68129F" bold="true" pageNumber="548">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="0DFC73F5B45D0746C08FDD136175983A" colspan="2" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6FE6501C673E194CC6DE1DD3E591E237" bold="true" pageNumber="548">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="E6BB1265EA748ED20ECB7579E22E70A6" colspan="2" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<emphasis id="287A557031DB0277DEDE5E3F7D2A8A47" bold="true" pageNumber="548">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="E8A034F5460E33EC8CDEF62778581CF7" pageNumber="548">
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||||
<td id="DAB97211C8DD1F80A68CE31BE8C4BBED" pageNumber="548">Feuchtezahl F</td>
|
||||
<td id="FB1194D78FB5AED70EBF991C838A6785" pageNumber="548" style="text-align:left;width:100px">--</td>
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||||
<td id="F1EAB84A978F59B9800C1FC0415EB2C0" pageNumber="548">Lichtzahl L</td>
|
||||
<td id="C8F37023CB033A2F3D191A8263188ABB" pageNumber="548" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
|
||||
<td id="B5D40200B0938B5CB65605AE12DE5CB5" pageNumber="548">Salzzeichen</td>
|
||||
<td id="700BFDE11C5146C793B54FD4F6D3977E" pageNumber="548" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="637B1C116D74980CE09936260B508D4D" pageNumber="548">
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||||
<td id="145828EBB5772B150F1A102304158B63" pageNumber="548">Reaktionszahl R</td>
|
||||
<td id="3459B10663D8ED642753056344FF9505" pageNumber="548" style="text-align:left">--</td>
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||||
<td id="3C6112BEB6A2B714BE5DFE843C238F9A" pageNumber="548">Temperaturzahl T</td>
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||||
<td id="D8FE94333D3C747D401E00758865D60B" pageNumber="548" style="text-align:left">--</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1B751F213040D5BAAE2807A1E0E719A9" pageNumber="548">
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||||
<td id="2C334E363E4A3D7D3530E6C722EA2F37" pageNumber="548">
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||||
<normalizedToken id="0C0C8B318E8A1FB5780277D0C40AE0FB" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
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N
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||||
</td>
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||||
<td id="2EE389C1B2FDA4E2E1F6A36C44F8E6E4" pageNumber="548" style="text-align:left">--</td>
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||||
<td id="23820BE18ABE6E304D9148422F785647" pageNumber="548">
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<normalizedToken id="A932BB4FD6B068049B03F21C569A9A95" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
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K
|
||||
</td>
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||||
<td id="D321C69F1AD1ACC650802BF4A3FA0BAE" pageNumber="548" style="text-align:left">--</td>
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||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4240507D72E43C99AAFE391B6DE47A5E" pageNumber="548" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B5E92E75822D1FF81860DA69104F8F7A" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
Volksname Deutscher Name:
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<vernacularName id="13FD0C7A57A9FE91728DCC3D062EC7CB" language="deu" pageNumber="548">Mittlerer Bauernsenf</vernacularName>
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Nom
|
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<normalizedToken id="A72E548DE409D08194F6BF6EF4155091" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
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||||
<vernacularName id="4A4DB7EA8A2D4CDD61E33B3373224E92" language="fra" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="797846278F2584EC745D127AAE67359B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Iberis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
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<normalizedToken id="0C9285E0672885CE175EBE335C90BFFE" originalValue="Ibéris">Iberis</normalizedToken>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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<normalizedToken id="CF6565D2E68AB15FDC8B6FAECF696CAA" originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
|
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feuilles de lin
|
||||
</vernacularName>
|
||||
Nome italiano:
|
||||
<vernacularName id="7378F981F23C976994F7455CD48DA613" language="ita" pageNumber="548">Iberide rosea</vernacularName>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
90
data/0D/B1/93/0DB193D7E963BD7D8893E1015B8050EC.xml
Normal file
90
data/0D/B1/93/0DB193D7E963BD7D8893E1015B8050EC.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
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|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168" ID-PMC="PMC4152835" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--1168" ID-PubMed="25197241" ID-ZBK="3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e1168" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ‘Symphyta’" checkinTime="1553126687077" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liston, Andrew D., Knight, Guy T., Sheppard, David A., Broad, Gavin R. & Livermore, Laurence" docDate="2014" docId="0DB193D7E963BD7D8893E1015B8050EC" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 2: e1168" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 2" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168" docTitle="Eutomostethus ephippium Panzer 1798" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="1168" masterDocId="FF92FFAD6C5E7701E7364329D06AFFDB" masterDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta'" masterLastPageNumber="1168" masterPageNumber="1168" pageNumber="1168" updateTime="1668122704865" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta'</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Liston, Andrew D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Knight, Guy T.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Sheppard, David A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Livermore, Laurence</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1168</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>1168</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828--1168</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0DB193D7E963BD7D8893E1015B8050EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0DB193D7E963BD7D8893E1015B8050EC" lastPageNumber="1168" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Panzer, 1798" authorityName="Panzer" authorityYear="1798" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Eutomostethus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eutomostethus ephippium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippium">Eutomostethus ephippium (Panzer, 1798)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo ephippium" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippium">Tenthredo ephippium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Panzer, 1798
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo dubius" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">Tenthredo dubius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Gmelin, 1790,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Psychidae" genus="Tenthredo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenthredo" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tenthredo</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) preocc.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Selandria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selandria inhabilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inhabilis">Selandria inhabilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Norton, 1861,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Selandria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selandria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Selandria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1168" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1168">England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
540
data/0D/B1/E6/0DB1E6C84102FCA6A754C6E48DD838CE.xml
Normal file
540
data/0D/B1/E6/0DB1E6C84102FCA6A754C6E48DD838CE.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,540 @@
|
|||
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|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>Revision of the European species of Omphale Haliday (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Hansson, Christer</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Shevtsova, Ekaterina</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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|
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>232</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>157</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
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</mods:relatedItem>
|
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<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.232.3625</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.232.3625</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-232-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037435" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0DB1E6C84102FCA6A754C6E48DD838CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0DB1E6C84102FCA6A754C6E48DD838CE" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Omphale" authority="Haliday" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale Haliday</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Haliday, 1833:339. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale salicis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicis">Omphale salicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Haliday, by monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Smaragdites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smaragdites" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Smaragdites</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Haliday, 1833:419. Type species: S. admirabilis Haliday, by monotypy. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWRdeV" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Society for British Entomology" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="167 - 275" title="Additions and corrections to the British list of Eulophidae (Hym., Chalcidoidea), with descriptions of some new species." volume="15" year="1963">Graham 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:240.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Secodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Secodes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Secodes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1856:78, 81. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Secodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Secodes fagi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fagi">Secodes fagi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, by monotypy. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWRdeV" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Society for British Entomology" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="167 - 275" title="Additions and corrections to the British list of Eulophidae (Hym., Chalcidoidea), with descriptions of some new species." volume="15" year="1963">Graham 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:240.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Holcopelte" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holcopelte" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holcopelte</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1856:78. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Elachistus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elachistus obscurus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">Elachistus obscurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1841:40, by original designation. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 537" title="Eulophidae of Costa Rica, 2." volume="75" year="2004">Hansson 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:142.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euderomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euderomyia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euderomyia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Girault, 1913:176. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euderomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euderomyia carlylei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carlylei">Euderomyia carlylei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Girault, by original designation. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="CAB International, Wallingford, U. K." pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species." year="1988">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1988
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:727.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharoideus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysocharoideus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysocharoideus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Ashmead, 1904:370. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysocharis thoracicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus">Chrysocharis thoracicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Ashmead, by original designation. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="LaSalle, J" journalOrPublisher="Contributions of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 47" title="Preliminary studies on Neotropical Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea): Ashmead, Cameron, Howard and Walker species." volume="27" year="1992">LaSalle and Schauff 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:12.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysocharomyia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysocharomyia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Dodd, in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Girault, AA" journalOrPublisher="Supplement" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="180 - 299" title="Australian Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea IV. Supplement. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum." volume="3" year="1915">Girault 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:207. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysocharomyia elongata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongata">Chrysocharomyia elongata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Girault, by original designation. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="CAB International, Wallingford, U. K." pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species." year="1988">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1988
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:727.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Paromphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paromphale" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paromphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Girault & Dodd, in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Girault, AA" journalOrPublisher="Supplement" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="180 - 299" title="Australian Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea IV. Supplement. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum." volume="3" year="1915">Girault 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:211-212. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Paromphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paromphale flavicorpus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicorpus">Paromphale flavicorpus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Girault, by original designation. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="CAB International, Wallingford, U. K." pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species." year="1988">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1988
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:727.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Raphaelonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raphaelonia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Raphaelonia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Girault, 1924:173. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Raphaelonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raphaelonia sulcatiscutum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatiscutum">Raphaelonia sulcatiscutum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Girault, by monotypy. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="CAB International, Wallingford, U. K." pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species." year="1988">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1988
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:727.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Eugerium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eugerium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eugerium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Graham, 1959:202. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Cirrospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrospilus isander" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="isander">Cirrospilus isander</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Walker, by original designation. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 78" title="Taxonomic revision of the Nearctic species of Omphale." volume="49" year="1996 b">Hansson 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:5.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Exodontomphale" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exodontomphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Exodontomphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1984:65. Type species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Exodontomphale" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exodontomphale taborskyi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taborskyi">Exodontomphale taborskyi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, by original designation. Synonymy by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Schauff, ME" journalOrPublisher="Contributions of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 109" title="The Holarctic genera of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)." volume="26" year="1991">Schauff 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:61.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Clypeus delimited by grooves at least laterally (e.g. Figs 117, 257, 367, 378); sensilla ampullacea (peglike sensilla) asymmetric; pronotum reduced and usually not visible in dorsal view; occiput without median groove or fold between occipital margin and occipital foramen; male genitalia (Figs 478-501): phallobase with enlarged volsellar setae, paramere with one seta at apex, digitus with two spines (very rarely with one or three spines). The species groups used here are based mainly on the appearance of the male genitalia, and most species have specific characters in this structure. However, since the visualisation of this structure involves slide preparations, characters in the male genitalia have been avoided as much as possible in the identification key, but in a few cases, when this is the only way to separate species, they are used.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="identification">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Identification.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
There are no taxonomically or nomenclaturally updated keys to European genera of
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Eulophidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The most recent keys are in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWRdeV" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Society for British Entomology" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="169 - 204" title="Keys to the British genera and species of Elachertinae, Eulophinae and Euderinae (Hym., Chalcidoidea)." volume="13" year="1959">Graham (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Peck, O" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 120" title="Keys to the Chalcidoidea of Czechoslovakia (Insecta: Hymenoptera)." url="10.4039/entm9634fv" volume="34" year="1964">Peck et al. (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. They are useful for identification by keeping in mind that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Holcopelte" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holcopelte" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holcopelte</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Eugerium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eugerium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eugerium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
come out as separate genera in the keys. Another option is to use the key for Nearctic genera of
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Chalcidoidea" lsidName="Chalcidoidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">Chalcidoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Schauff et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Holcopelte" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holcopelte" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holcopelte</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is treated as a genus separate from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Flagellum with 2-3 small and discoid anelli; five flagellomeres, free or with apical 2-3 flagellomeres more or less fused, occasionally with a distinct club with apical flagellomeres fused and wider than proximal flagellomeres (degree of fusion of apical flagellomeres is in many cases difficult to assess, and varies intraspecifically). Sensilla ampullacea (peglike sensilla) asymmetric, long or short. Ventral sense area of male scape reaching along almost entire length of scape. Males with verticillate or scattered arrangement of setae. Mandibles usually endodont with two large teeth at apex and with one to several smaller teeth above large teeth. A few Nearctic species have exodont mandibles, but this feature has not been found in European species. Cly- peus entirely delimited, quadrangular to semicircular or triangular in shape. Lower clypeal margin usually arcuately protruding, in a few species straight. Lower frons usually with a cross-ridge reaching almost from eye to eye (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 78" title="Taxonomic revision of the Nearctic species of Omphale." volume="49" year="1996 b">Hansson 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, fig. 1), cross-ridge is protruding and is not an edge resulting from the collapse of frons above the antennal toruli, cross-ridge missing in some species. Frontal suture between lower and upper frons present. Antennal scrobes either more or less broadly separated and never joining, or joining at or below frontal suture. Surface between antennal scrobes more or less raised to form an interscrobal ridge. Occipital margin rounded off, rarely with an edge or a carina. Without a weak median groove or fold from occipital margin down to occipital foramen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Pronotum reduced and hardly visible in dorsal view. Mesoscutum usually with weak delimited notauli; midlobe of mesoscutum with two pair of setae, some non-European species either with one pair or without setae. Scutellum usually without grooves but occasionally with a median groove with variable strength and length, always with one pair of setae usually situated in posterior half. Dorsellum short, smooth, convex or flat, occasionally with strong sculpture. Transepimeral sulcus curved or straight. Propodeum usually smooth and shiny, without anteromedian pit or raised carinae, with or without a narrow transverse proximal groove; propodeal callus with two setae; petiolar foramen semicircular to triangular, usually wide to fit the wide petiole. Forewing with a narrow and bare costal cell; speculum open or closed below; radial cell bare or hairy; with or without one hair line from stigmal vein; postmarginal vein 0.2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2.1×">-2.1x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
as long as stigmal vein in European species. Legs usually long and slender.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Petiole short and wide, occasionally as long as wide, pale or dark. Gaster usually subsessile; ovate to lanceolate in female. The male genitalia display important characters useful in classification of the species groups, but also in the separation of species.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="the species-groups">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">The species-groups.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWRdeV" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Society for British Entomology" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="167 - 275" title="Additions and corrections to the British list of Eulophidae (Hym., Chalcidoidea), with descriptions of some new species." volume="15" year="1963">Graham (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
initially divided the European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
into four groups with two unplaced species. However, he did so without any motivation and the groups were not diagnosed. The species groups presented here largely follow the groups presented by Graham, but now defined by morphological characters, and due to the addition of species two groups have been added. Characters in the male genitalia are used extensively to group species and to separate these groups. Graham was not aware of such characters and some species have therefore been transferred from their original placement. The European species are here separated into six groups, and with six unplaced species. The unplaced species comprise species that do
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">not</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
fit in any of the species groups, and that do not share features with each other to form species groups on their own.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="biology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Hosts or host plant/fungi associations are known for 16 of the 37 European species (Table 1), and in all cases gall midges (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) are the target group. Host records from North America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 78" title="Taxonomic revision of the Nearctic species of Omphale." volume="49" year="1996 b">Hansson 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and Central America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 537" title="Eulophidae of Costa Rica, 2." volume="75" year="2004">Hansson 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) support the findings for European species, i.e. that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species are exclusively parasitoids on gall midges.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Dziurzynski, A" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologia Cracoviensis" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="9 - 49" title="The inhabitants of the galls of Mikiola fagi Htg. Part I. Materials for the morphology and development of Mikiola fagi Htg. (Itoniidae), as well as of its endophagous primary parasite Secodes coactus Ratzb. (Chalcididae)." volume="6" year="1961">Dziurzynski (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
investigated the biology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale lugens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugens">Omphale lugens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Poland (given as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Secodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Secodes coactus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coactus">Secodes coactus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the Dziurzynski publication).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale lugens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugens">Omphale lugens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a koinobiont primary endoparasitoid and the female oviposits in the second instar larvae of its gall midge host,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Mikiola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mikiola fagi" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fagi">Mikiola fagi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which induces galls on the upper surface of leaves of beech (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus sylvatica" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvatica">Fagus sylvatica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). This parasitoid is solitary or gregarious with up to ten individuals per host. If more than one larva is present per host either the same female lays more than one egg per host, or more than one female oviposits in the same host larva. However, because of the high mortality among gregarious larvae eventually only one parasitoid per host larva will complete its development. The parasitoid speeds up the development of its host, indicated by a faster growth rate in parasitized gall midge larvae, as compared to non-parasitized larvae. There does not seem to be additional, abnormal, instars in the host, just an acceleration of growth. The gall midge larva is killed before pupation by the feeding of the last instar parasitoid larva.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale lugens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugens">Omphale lugens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has four larval instars and pupates inside the empty larval skin of its host, still remaining inside the gall.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="8CB828C2EF691C8A54DEA5C4F8358580" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8CB828C2EF691C8A54DEA5C4F8358580" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 1.</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<table pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale aethiops" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiops">Omphale aethiops</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura epilobii" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="epilobii">Dasineura epilobii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Chamaenerion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaenerion angustifolium" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolium">Chamaenerion angustifolium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Silene dioica" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dioica">Silene dioica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Askew, RR" journalOrPublisher="Entomologists Monthly Magazine" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="29 - 37" title="Observations on some British Omphale Haliday (Hym., Eulophidae) with descriptions of two new species." volume="139" year="2003">Askew 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura traili" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traili">Dasineura traili</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ranunculus" order="Ranunculales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ranunculus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Omphale brevis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cystiphora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cystiphora taraxaci" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taraxaci">Cystiphora taraxaci</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cystiphora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cystiphora sonchi" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sonchi">Cystiphora sonchi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sonchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sonchus palustris" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palustris">Sonchus palustris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Vidal, S" journalOrPublisher="Section Regionale Ouest Palaearctique, Organisation Internationale de Lutte Biologique" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="1 - 56" title="Determination list of entomophagous insects. No 12. Bulletin." volume="16" year="1993">Vidal 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cystiphora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cystiphora sanguinea" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanguinea">Cystiphora sanguinea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hieracium sabaudum" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sabaudum">Hieracium sabaudum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Askew, RR" journalOrPublisher="Entomologists Monthly Magazine" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="29 - 37" title="Observations on some British Omphale Haliday (Hym., Eulophidae) with descriptions of two new species." volume="139" year="2003">Askew 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale chryseis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chryseis">Omphale chryseis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Contarinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Contarinia medicaginis" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medicaginis">Contarinia medicaginis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Tetrastichinae. Index of Entomophagous insects. Le Francois, Paris" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Palearctic Eulophidae, excl." year="1968">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Askew 1968
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kralovic, J" journalOrPublisher="Biologia" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="263 - 271" title="Bedeutung der Parasiten der Luzernebluetengallmuecke (Contarinia medicaginis Kieffer)." volume="19" year="1964">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Královič">Kralovic</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1964
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale clymene" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clymene">Omphale clymene</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura pyri" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyri">Dasineura pyri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale clypealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypealis">Omphale clypealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura brassicae" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brassicae">Dasineura brassicae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale erginnus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erginnus">Omphale erginnus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 78" title="Taxonomic revision of the Nearctic species of Omphale." volume="49" year="1996 b">Hansson 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale grahami" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grahami">Omphale grahami</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura trifolii" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifolii">Dasineura trifolii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura glechomae" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glechomae">Dasineura glechomae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale isander" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="isander">Omphale isander</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Mycodiplosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mycodiplosis" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mycodiplosis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Populus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kamijo, K" journalOrPublisher="Kontyu" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="243 - 245" title="Description of a new species of Desmatocharis Graham (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with notes on other species." volume="54" year="1986">Kamijo 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale lugens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugens">Omphale lugens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Mikiola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mikiola fagi" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fagi">Mikiola fagi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Dziurzynski, A" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologia Cracoviensis" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="9 - 49" title="The inhabitants of the galls of Mikiola fagi Htg. Part I. Materials for the morphology and development of Mikiola fagi Htg. (Itoniidae), as well as of its endophagous primary parasite Secodes coactus Ratzb. (Chalcididae)." volume="6" year="1961">Dziurzynski 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Contarinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Contarinia tiliarum" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiliarum">Contarinia tiliarum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasyneura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasyneura alni" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alni">Dasyneura alni</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Placochela" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Placochela nigripes" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">Placochela nigripes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale lugubris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugubris">Omphale lugubris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale obscura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">Omphale obscura</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura viciae" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viciae">Dasineura viciae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="6">De Stefani 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Galium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Galium mollugo" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollugo">Galium mollugo</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Tetrastichinae. Index of Entomophagous insects. Le Francois, Paris" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Palearctic Eulophidae, excl." year="1968">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Askew 1968
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale phruron" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phruron">Omphale phruron</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura pyri" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyri">Dasineura pyri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale rubigus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubigus">Omphale rubigus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Trigonodiplosis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonodiplosis" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trigonodiplosis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vicia cracca" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cracca">Vicia cracca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Tetrastichinae. Index of Entomophagous insects. Le Francois, Paris" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" title="Palearctic Eulophidae, excl." year="1968">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Askew 1968
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale salicis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicis">Omphale salicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Contarinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Contarinia lentis" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lentis">Contarinia lentis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Szelenyi, G" journalOrPublisher="Services in Budapest" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="172 - 194" title="Contribution to the knowledge of the host relationship of the Chalcid-flies (Hym., Chalcidoidea). Yearbook of the official Phytosanit." volume="2" year="1944">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Szelényi">Szelenyi</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1944
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Contarinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Contarinia loti" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loti">Contarinia loti</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gijswijt, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin, Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" pagination="77 - 84" title="Notes on biology and distribution of the genus Omphale Haliday, 1833, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)." volume="5" year="1976">Gijswijt 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Contarinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Contarinia vincetoxici" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vincetoxici">Contarinia vincetoxici</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale incognita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incognita">Omphale incognita</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Geocrypta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geocrypta galii" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galii">Geocrypta galii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Galium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Galium" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Galium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale euphorbiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euphorbiae">Omphale euphorbiae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Bayeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bayeria capitigena" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitigena">Bayeria capitigena</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diptera" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Cecidomyiidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Euphorbia esula" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esula">Euphorbia esula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
The only other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species for which more detailed biological information is available is
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale clypealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypealis">Omphale clypealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This species is an important biological control agent against the brassica pod midge (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura brassicae" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brassicae">Dasineura brassicae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) on rape (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Brassica napus" order="Brassicales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napus">Brassica napus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and has thus been the subject of biological investigation (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Williams, IH" journalOrPublisher="Magazine of Natural History" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" title="Parasitoids of the brassica pod midge. In: Alford DV (ed.) Biocontrol of oilseed rape pests. Blackwell, Oxford, UK." url="10.1002/9780470750988.ch7" year="2003">Williams 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale lugens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugens">Omphale lugens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale clypealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypealis">Omphale clypealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a koinobiont endoparasitoid. Females oviposit into mature gall midge larvae in their pod gall, and the parasitoid larva is inside the host when it leaves the gall and burrows into the ground for pupation. The pupa is subsequently killed by the parasitoid. The sex ratio for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale clypealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypealis">Omphale clypealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is strongly female biased, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Murchie (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reared 97-100% females from samples of the brassica pod midge in the U.K. Material from this species that has been available for this investigation, 147 females and three males, suggests the same female bias. This skewed sex ratio indicates that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale clypealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypealis">Omphale clypealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is thelytokous, as are possibly some other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species, such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale rubigus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubigus">Omphale rubigus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
where males have never been found, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale theana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theana">Omphale theana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in which very few males are recorded.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
If data from these two species are transferrable,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species are koinobiont endoparasitoids, possibly solitary - at least with only one surviving parasitoid per host. Little is known about the host specificity of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species. However, known host records suggest host specialization because there are no overlap between the species. The host record for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale phruron" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phruron">Omphale phruron</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura pyri" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyri">Dasineura pyri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
- same host as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale clymene" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clymene">Omphale clymene</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, is possibly based on a misidentification of the parasitoid. The specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale phruron" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phruron">Omphale phruron</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Dasineura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dasineura pyri" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyri">Dasineura pyri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have not been available for this investigation and as the species in this group are difficult to identify misidentification cannot be ruled out.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Even though several parts of the World are very poorly investigated or not investigated at all, existing records show that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omphale</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a cosmopolitan genus,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">known</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
from all zoogeographical regions (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Noyes 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). As can be seen from previous investigations (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 78" title="Taxonomic revision of the Nearctic species of Omphale." volume="49" year="1996 b">Hansson 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="107 - 151" title="Mexican species of the genus Omphale Haliday (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a taxonomic study." volume="6" year="1997">1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 537" title="Eulophidae of Costa Rica, 2." volume="75" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and this investigation (Figs 502-538), the species have a very large distribution. Many European species are distributed throughout Europe, and the more limited distribution in some species is possibly due to lack of distributional data. Five European species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale acamas" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acamas">Omphale acamas</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale erginnus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erginnus">Omphale erginnus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale salicis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicis">Omphale salicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale theana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theana">Omphale theana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale versicolor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="versicolor">Omphale versicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, are also found in North America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 78" title="Taxonomic revision of the Nearctic species of Omphale." volume="49" year="1996 b">Hansson 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and one of these (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omphale erginnus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erginnus">Omphale erginnus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) is distributed south to Central America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hansson, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 537" title="Eulophidae of Costa Rica, 2." volume="75" year="2004">Hansson 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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