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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.72842" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3e3ca27b-44ad-4ea2-af6b-516245293ccf" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-87-323" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D03A96052A8550F9918BB08ACA344FB9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5811493" ID-ZooBank="E343379ED04447ABA1ED47B3F01F3E59" ModsDocID="1314-2607-87-323" checkinTime="1640348264987" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Talamas, Elijah J., Bremer, Jonathan S., Moore, Matthew R., Bon, Marie-Claude, Lahey, Zachary, Roberts, Cheryl G., Combee, Lynn A., McGathey, Natalie, van Noort, Simon, Timokhov, Alexander V., Hougardy, Evelyne &amp; Hogg, Brian" docDate="2021" docId="0D317923599E5367A11576FBC466DD12" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 87: 323-480" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 87" docPubDate="2021-12-23" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.72842" docTitle="Dyscritobaeus ennius Kononova &amp; Fursov 2021, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="D03A96052A8550F9918BB08ACA344FB9" lastPageNumber="323" masterDocId="D03A96052A8550F9918BB08ACA344FB9" masterDocTitle="A maximalist approach to the systematics of a biological control agent: Gryon aetherium Talamas, sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="480" masterPageNumber="323" pageNumber="323" updateTime="1678757109313" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A maximalist approach to the systematics of a biological control agent: Gryon aetherium Talamas, sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Talamas, Elijah J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">elijah.talamas@fdacs.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bremer, Jonathan S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bon, Marie-Claude</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5914-1682</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>USDA-ARS-EBCL, Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lahey, Zachary</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9402-9570</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Roberts, Cheryl G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Combee, Lynn A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>McGathey, Natalie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>van Noort, Simon</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6930-9741</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Timokhov, Alexander V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hougardy, Evelyne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>USDA-ARS-ISPH, Albany, CA, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hogg, Brian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number>2021-12-23</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName LSID="0D317923-599E-5367-A115-76FBC466DD12" authority="Kononova &amp; Fursov" authorityName="Kononova &amp; Fursov" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Dyscritobaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dyscritobaeus ennius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ennius" status="comb. nov.">Dyscritobaeus ennius Kononova &amp; Fursov</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="323">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="323">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas &amp; Bremer &amp; Moore &amp; Bon &amp; Lahey &amp; Roberts &amp; Combee &amp; McGathey &amp; van Noort &amp; Timokhov &amp; Hougardy &amp; Hogg" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Gryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gryon ennius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ennius" status="comb. nov.">Gryon ennius</taxonomicName>
Kononova &amp; Fursov, 2005a: 595 (original description); Kononova &amp; Fursov, 2005b: 304 (description); Kononova &amp; Kozlov, 2008: 329, 407 (description, keyed).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="323" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="323">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="323">
The arrangement of the ocelli in a relatively compact triangle and the shape of the metascutellum in Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic relationships of Scelionidae based on a maximum likelihood analysis of 479 COI sequences. Branches in blue and red indicate Hadronotus and Gryon, respectively. Terminals belonging to G. aetherium are shown to the right of the phylogenetic tree. Terminals highlighted in yellow correspond to adventive G. aetherium specimens collected in Mexico and California. Scale bars indicate the expected number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.87.72842.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/627171" pageId="0" pageNumber="323">4</figureCitation>
of the original description provide the basis for transferring this species to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Dyscritobaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dyscritobaeus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="323">Dyscritobaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.745.23685" ID-PMC="PMC5904534" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-745-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="047DFFCAFFA5F32EA97C873F4708943F" ID-PubMed="29670449" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1222435" ID-ZooBank="8785DC6BC2A244FD94B6243EB07C717F" ModsDocID="1313-2970-745-101" checkinTime="1521799180220" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Moore, Matthew R., Cave, Ronald D. &amp; Branham, Marc A." docDate="2018" docId="0D317A1EF7974ED5EDB5CA59CF7B1E30" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 745: 101-378" docOrigin="ZooKeys 745" docPubDate="2018-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.745.23685" docTitle="Cyclocephala amplitarsis Ratcliffe 1992" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="047DFFCAFFA5F32EA97C873F4708943F" lastPageNumber="137" masterDocId="047DFFCAFFA5F32EA97C873F4708943F" masterDocTitle="Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini)" masterLastPageNumber="378" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="137" updateTime="1668165599527" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cyclocephala@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cave, Ronald D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Indian River Research and Education Center, 2199 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Branham, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2018-03-22</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="142480520" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D317A1EF7974ED5EDB5CA59CF7B1E30" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D317A1EF7974ED5EDB5CA59CF7B1E30" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="36" pageNumber="137">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0D317A1E-F797-4ED5-EDB5-CA59CF7B1E30" authority="Ratcliffe, 1992" authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="1992" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala amplitarsis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplitarsis">Cyclocephala amplitarsis Ratcliffe, 1992</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ratcliffe" authorityYear="1992" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala amplitarsis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplitarsis">Cyclocephala amplitarsis</taxonomicName>
Ratcliffe, 1992b: 179-180 [original combination].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="137" type="types">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Types.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="137">
Holotype ♂ at UNSM (
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" pageId="217" pageNumber="318" refId="B969" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, 1992b. New species and country records of Brazilian Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 135: 179-190." title="New species and country records of Brazilian Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 135: 179 - 190." year="1992 b">Ratcliffe 1992b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="137" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="137">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="137">
BRAZIL:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="137" type="references">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="137">References.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="137">
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" pageId="217" pageNumber="318" refId="B969" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, 1992b. New species and country records of Brazilian Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 135: 179-190." title="New species and country records of Brazilian Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 135: 179 - 190." year="1992 b">Ratcliffe 1992b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Krajcik, M" pageId="200" pageNumber="301" refId="B658" refString="Krajcik, M, 2005. Dynastinae of the World Checklist (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Animma.X, Supplement No. 2, Pilsen, 122 pp." title="Dynastinae of the World Checklist (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Animma. X, Supplement No. 2, Pilsen, 122 pp." year="2005">Krajcik 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Krajcik, M" pageId="200" pageNumber="301" refId="B659" refString="Krajcik, M, 2012. Checklist of the world Scarabaeoidea. Animma.X Supplement 5, Pilsen, 278 pp." title="Checklist of the world Scarabaeoidea. Animma. X Supplement 5, Pilsen, 278 pp." year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<mods:relatedItem id="4C758E5F149B2D8F071347FAA93BF773" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="477A6A2931A918D227910A9482380FBE">
<mods:title id="41AF4D9153EA6365FF77F68556408D87">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7D5D9C68749375850B4BB89E31EE3F1E">
<mods:date id="3F959B3CB4BD0332A8E26FF6C3BCB0A9">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="2082BCFC944C8C1838CFD699F955CD78" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="1D46829FAE0DB8E4C3B0B29C22CA49D3">2017-11-13</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="89FDB72A30BA6C4642C55E1F55039C9C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="6DDCFCBBC9E431FE8A46C2F9D6122862">4347</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6696D1779CFBD2BB5B463D11572ED3A2" type="issue">
<mods:number id="EB626D822DEE37B0523274AFA187B859">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="AB621D63DC1E75143E3368362435C333" unit="page">
<mods:start id="CE40066AA79DC6FEECF98B1782F712E7">275</mods:start>
<mods:end id="113F950F7FF1885A9DC115FEDE7BA894">292</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="16182F5B48DDAFD91D9A627010708236">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BC5527C316E02B120636726D7E948875" type="CLB-Dataset">25090</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="091C5712E2668451B7CB92C1797AD17A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4347.2.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F480365715EF9BBA6DDC5D2454C99A80" type="GBIF-Dataset">9605fa27-9455-4e7a-a88e-c2cfc6d5ed7f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6ED5CBD6E897E0B83DE03D4F88200248" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="13AE40866BC364E3E625029530EEFEB5" type="Zenodo-Dep">1045767</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4B5D7D9C8FEC55D9126DF5C53ED7402B" type="ZooBank">1968CE67-0C8F-44C9-A12E-BD2196C9710C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection id="EC172F432E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="multiple">
<treatment id="0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5675633" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159870032" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5675633" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E21FFCDC58A5AD057C6FDC5" box="[151,463,657,683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="852736A82E21FFCDC58A5AD057C6FDC5" blockId="2.[151,463,657,683]" box="[151,463,657,683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<heading id="DE6F81C42E21FFCDC58A5AD057C6FDC5" bold="true" box="[151,463,657,683]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E21FFCDC58A5AD057C6FDC5" bold="true" box="[151,463,657,683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E21FFCDC58A5AD05763FDC5" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,362,657,683]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E21FFCDC58A5AD05763FDC5" bold="true" box="[151,362,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E21FFCDC46C5AD057C6FDC5" box="[369,463,657,683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E21FFCDC58A5A9957C2FD80" box="[151,459,728,750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="852736A82E21FFCDC58A5A9957C2FD80" blockId="2.[151,459,728,750]" box="[151,459,728,750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E21FFCDC58A5A9956FDFD80" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,244,728,750]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E21FFCDC58A5A9956FDFD80" box="[151,244,728,750]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Aspidura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Pyron
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E21FFCDC47D5A985785FD80" box="[352,396,728,750]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E21FFCDC58A5B5B550FFC89" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="852736A82E21FFCDC58A5B5B576CFCF1" blockId="2.[151,1438,794,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<materialsCitation id="35F03CF52E21FFCDC58A5B5B576CFCF1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2432133381" collectingDate="2010-02-05" collectionCode="NMSL-NH" collectorName="L. J. M. Wickramasinghe &amp; D. R. Vidanapathirana &amp; S. C. Ariyarathne &amp; A. W. A. Chanaka &amp; D. Kandambi &amp; M. D. G. Rajeev" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="1680" latitude="6.807778" location="Sri Pada upper region" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="80.489716" municipality="Ratnapura district" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" specimenCode="2017.19.0 1" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sabaragamuwa province" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E21FFCDC58A5B5B5702FC5D" bold="true" box="[151,267,794,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<typeStatus id="5A23880A2E21FFCDC58A5B5B570FFC5D" box="[151,262,794,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E21FFCDC4095B5A579AFC5D" box="[276,403,795,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">NMSL-NH</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="D53E9ED32E21FFCDC4805B5A5412FC5D" box="[413,539,795,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">2017.19.01</specimenCode>
(
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E21FFCDC7375B5A5486FC5D" box="[554,655,795,819]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1818,1840]" captionTargetBox="[225,1325,274,1729]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. (A) Dorsal aspect, (B) Ventral aspect, of holotype male of Aspidura ravanai sp. nov. (NMSL-NH 2017.19.01). Small and large tick marks in the scale bar indicate mm and cm, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045773/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Figure 3</figureCitation>
), adult
<specimenCount id="939EFD212E21FFCDC7F45B5A552DFC5D" box="[745,804,795,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="male">male</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="42609B4D2E21FFCDC62D5B5B5599FC5C" box="[816,912,794,819]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.56" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" unit="mm" value="256.0">256 mm</quantity>
SVL, from
<location id="804760732E21FFCDC1035B5A5315FC5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E21FFCDC1035B5A5315FC5D" box="[1054,1308,794,819]" country="Sri Lanka" latitude="6.807778" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="80.489716" municipality="Ratnapura district" name="Sri Pada upper region" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" stateProvince="Sabaragamuwa province">Sri Pada upper region</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6543ACD22E21FFCDC0345B5A56E0FC39" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Ratnapura district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E21FFCDC5EA5B7F541AFC39" box="[247,531,830,855]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Sabaragamuwa" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Sabaragamuwa province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="FD8F76382E21FFCDC73C5B7E549EFC39" box="[545,663,831,855]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, (
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC506F2E21FFCDC7B05B7F553AFC39" box="[685,819,830,855]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" precision="15" value="6.807778">06°48'28''N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC506F2E21FFCDC65E5B7E55DAFC39" box="[835,979,831,855]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" precision="15" value="80.489716">080°29'23''E</geoCoordinate>
, elevation
<elevation id="0EB5D19B2E21FFCDC1495B7F52BCFC39" box="[1108,1205,830,855]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" unit="m" value="1680.0">
<quantity id="42609B4D2E21FFCDC1495B7F52BCFC39" box="[1108,1205,830,855]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" unit="m" value="1680.0">1,680 m</quantity>
</elevation>
a.s.l.): Coll.
<collectorName id="286D537E2E21FFCDC04F5B015751FC15" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">L.J.M. Wickramasinghe</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="286D537E2E21FFCDC47F5B225452FC15" box="[354,603,866,891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">D.R. Vidanapathirana</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="286D537E2E21FFCDC7785B22552EFC15" box="[613,807,867,891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">S.C. Ariyarathne</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="286D537E2E21FFCDC62F5B2255FCFC15" box="[818,1013,867,891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">A.W.A. Chanaka</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="286D537E2E21FFCDC11D5B225291FC15" box="[1024,1176,866,891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">D. Kandambi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="286D537E2E21FFCDC1CD5B225370FC15" box="[1232,1401,867,891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">M.D.G. Rajeev</collectorName>
on
<collectingDate id="E162E9802E21FFCDC58A5BC7576BFCF1" box="[151,354,902,927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" value="2010-02-05">
<date id="F12610682E21FFCDC58A5BC7576BFCF1" box="[151,354,902,927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" value="2010-02-05">05 February 2010</date>
</collectingDate>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="852736A82E21FFCDC5DA5BEB550FFC89" blockId="2.[151,1438,794,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<materialsCitation id="35F03CF52E21FFCDC5DA5BEB55E6FCAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2432133383" box="[199,1007,938,963]" collectionCode="DWC" location="Figure" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" specimenCode="2017.05.0 1" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E21FFCDC5DA5BEB574FFCAD" bold="true" box="[199,326,938,963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<typeStatus id="5A23880A2E21FFCDC5DA5BEB5748FCAD" box="[199,321,938,963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E21FFCDC4525BEA5799FCAD" box="[335,400,939,963]" collectionName="DWC" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">DWC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="D53E9ED32E21FFCDC4845BEB541EFCAD" box="[409,535,938,963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">2017.05.01</specimenCode>
(
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E21FFCDC73B5BEA54ABFCAD" box="[550,674,939,963]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox="[166,1419,211,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. (A) Female paratype of Aspidura ravanai sp. nov. (DWC 2017.05.01). (B) Male paratype of Aspidura ravanai sp. nov. (DWC 2017.05.02)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045775/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
),
<specimenCount id="939EFD212E21FFCDC7A55BEB554CFCAD" box="[696,837,938,963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="adult">adult female</specimenCount>
<quantity id="42609B4D2E21FFCDC6525BEA55A7FCAC" box="[847,942,939,963]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.14" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" unit="mm" value="414.0">414 mm</quantity>
SVL
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="35F03CF52E21FFCDC6E15BEA550BFC89" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2432133382" collectingDate="2010-02-05" collectionCode="DWC" collectorName="L. J. M. Wickramasinghe &amp; D. R. Vidanapathirana &amp; S. C. Ariyarathne &amp; A. W. A. Chanaka &amp; D. Kandambi &amp; M. D. G. Rajeev" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="1680" latitude="6.807778" location="Figure" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="80.489716" municipality="Ratnapura district" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" specimenCode="DWC 2017.05.0 2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sabaragamuwa province" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="D53E9ED32E21FFCDC6E15BEA52CCFCAD" box="[1020,1221,938,963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E21FFCDC6E15BEA5237FCAD" box="[1020,1086,939,963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">DWC</collectionCode>
2017.05.0 2
</specimenCode>
(
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E21FFCDC1C95BEA5347FCAD" box="[1236,1358,939,963]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox="[166,1419,211,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. (A) Female paratype of Aspidura ravanai sp. nov. (DWC 2017.05.01). (B) Male paratype of Aspidura ravanai sp. nov. (DWC 2017.05.02)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045775/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<location id="804760732E21FFCDC1C95BEA5329FCAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E21FFCDC1C95BEA5329FCAD" box="[1236,1312,939,963]" name="Figure" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Figure</location>
4B
</figureCitation>
),
<specimenCount id="939EFD212E21FFCDC0795BEB56C4FC89" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="adult">adult male</specimenCount>
<quantity id="42609B4D2E21FFCDC5C95B8E5738FC89" box="[212,305,975,999]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" unit="mm" value="218.0">218 mm</quantity>
SVL. Collection data as for the holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E21FFCDC5DA5BB35230FA61" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="852736A82E21FFCDC5DA5BB35230FA61" blockId="2.[151,1438,794,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E21FFCDC5DA5BB35748FB65" bold="true" box="[199,321,1010,1035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Maximum adult SVL
<quantity id="42609B4D2E21FFCDC74D5BB254E4FB64" box="[592,749,1011,1035]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" metricValueMax="4.14" metricValueMin="2.18" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" unit="mm" value="316.0" valueMax="414.0" valueMin="218.0">218–414 mm</quantity>
; snout to eye distance 0.3 times the head length (SE/HL); prefrontals touching eye; preocular small, does
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E21FFCDC7DC5C5654ECFB41" box="[705,741,1047,1071]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">not</collectingRegion>
touch supraocular; postoculars 2, lower one larger than the upper; temporal 1+2/1+2; supralabials 6/6, 4th touching eye; infralabials 6/6, first pair in contact, progressively increasing in size
<specimenCode id="D53E9ED32E21FFCDC4785C2457BBFB13" box="[357,434,1125,1149]" collectionCode="from" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">from 1</specimenCode>
st to 6th; anterior
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E21FFCDC7705C245494FB13" box="[621,669,1125,1149]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">chin</collectingRegion>
shields 2, large, touching 1–4 infralabials; posterior
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E21FFCDC1E55C245321FB13" box="[1272,1320,1125,1149]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">chin</collectingRegion>
shields 2, anterior half in contact while the posterior half separated by 1st ventral; ventrals 132–139; subcaudals 20–29; dorsal scale
<specimenCode id="D53E9ED32E21FFCDC5C55CEE5783FBA6" box="[216,394,1199,1224]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">rows 15–15–15</specimenCode>
; ischiadic, anal and tail base regions in the adults of both sexes keeled, with 1–3 peaks on each scale, more pronounced in males, spinose tubercles absent (
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E21FFCDC6735C9255D4FB82" box="[878,989,1235,1260]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,211,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. (A) Coarsely keeled ischiadic region of male paratype (DWC 2017.05.02) of Aspidura ravanai sp. nov., (B) Ischiadic region of female paratype (DWC 2017.05.01) of Aspidura ravanai sp. nov., showing week keeling." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045777/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Figures 5</figureCitation>
); entire dorsum jet black; bright yellow line from base of tail to tail end; venter black with bright yellow blotching all over.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E21FFC1C5DA5D5A5290F87A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="289" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="description">
<paragraph id="852736A82E21FFCDC5DA5D5A57F8F965" blockId="2.[151,1438,794,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E21FFCDC5DA5D5A57E6FA5A" bold="true" box="[199,495,1307,1332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
Description of
<typeStatus id="5A23880A2E21FFCDC49F5D5A57E2FA5A" box="[386,491,1307,1332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Adult
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E21FFCDC7555D5A548AFA5D" box="[584,643,1307,1331]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">male</collectingRegion>
; SVL
<quantity id="42609B4D2E21FFCDC7C95D5A5533FA5D" box="[724,826,1307,1332]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.56" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" unit="mm" value="256.0">256 mm</quantity>
; TaL
<quantity id="42609B4D2E21FFCDC6995D5A55F8FA5D" box="[900,1009,1307,1331]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.72" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" unit="mm" value="37.2">37.2 mm</quantity>
; TL
<quantity id="42609B4D2E21FFCDC12D5D5A52A2FA5D" box="[1072,1195,1307,1331]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.932" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" unit="mm" value="293.2">293.2 mm</quantity>
; TaL/TL 0.13; body elongate and cylindrical; head short (SVL/HL 20), elliptical, indistinct from thick neck; snout long, narrowing anteriorly, pointed in dorsal aspect, snout to nostril distance about 2.3 (EW/SN) times as long as nostril width; nasal divided; small, triangular nostril, touching divided nasal and first supralabial,
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E21FFCDC1155DC65225FAF1" box="[1032,1068,1415,1439]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">not</collectingRegion>
touching rostral; eye larger than horizontal diameter of nostril, eye width about 0.3 (EW/SE) times the distance between snout to eye, round pupil; snout to eye distance 0.3 times head length (SE/HL); tail short (TaL/SVL 0.15), robust at its base, tapering progressively to a single point.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="852736A82E21FFCDC5DA5E5654CBF8C8" blockId="2.[151,1438,794,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E21FFCDC5DA5E565770F941" box="[199,377,1559,1583]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Head scalation.</emphasis>
Head scalation including 1 internasals, 2 prefrontals, 2 supraoculars, 1 frontal, and 2 parietals. Rostral small, convex, wider than long and truncate in dorsal aspect, projecting ventrally. Nasal vertically divided by a groove above nostril. Internasal single, large, irregular hexagonal; widely in contact with prefrontals. Two large prefrontals, longer and wider than internasal, largest distance along the longitudinal axis of prefrontals shorter than frontal in length, anterior-most corner of prefrontals touching nasal, bordered by 2nd and 3rd supralabial, preocular scale, eye, supraocular and frontal. Preocular small,
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E21FFCDC6515E8F5579F988" box="[844,880,1742,1766]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">not</collectingRegion>
in contact with supraocular.
<location id="804760732E21FFCDC1AC5E8F52F3F988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E21FFCDC1AC5E8F52F3F988" box="[1201,1274,1742,1766]" name="Loreal" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" stateProvince="not">Loreal</location>
and subocular scales absent. Supraocular smaller than frontal. Two postoculars, lower one larger than upper. Two parietals; largest scales on head. Temporals 1+2/1+2. Supralabials 6/6, 4th touching eye, progressively increasing in size from 1st to 6th.
<collectingMunicipality id="6543ACD22E21FFCDC5DD5F015706F836" box="[192,271,1856,1880]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Mental</collectingMunicipality>
small and triangular, wider than long.
<location id="804760732E21FFCDC7D75F7E5543F836" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E21FFCDC7D75F7E5543F836" box="[714,842,1855,1880]" municipality="Mental" name="Infralabials" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" stateProvince="not">Infralabials</location>
6/6, first pair in contact, progressively increasing in size from 1st to 6th.
<collectingMunicipality id="6543ACD22E21FFCDC4775F2657C0F811" box="[362,457,1895,1919]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Anterior</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E21FFCDC4CD5F265409F811" box="[464,512,1895,1919]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">chin</collectingRegion>
shields 2, large, touching 1–4 infralabials.
<location id="804760732E21FFCDC6FF5F26524EF811" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E21FFCDC6FF5F26524EF811" box="[994,1095,1895,1919]" municipality="Anterior" name="Posterior" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" stateProvince="chin">Posterior</location>
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E21FFCDC1535F265277F811" box="[1102,1150,1895,1919]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">chin</collectingRegion>
shields 2, anterior half in contact, posterior portion separated by 1st ventral.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D1E766202E20FFCCC58A5F8D5268F88C" box="[151,1121,1996,2018]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045769/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" targetBox="[240,1357,235,1960]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="852736A82E20FFCCC58A5F8D5268F88C" blockId="3.[151,1121,1996,2018]" box="[151,1121,1996,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E20FFCCC58A5F8D571AF88F" bold="true" box="[151,275,1996,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Map of Sri Lanka showing the type locality (Sripada) of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E20FFCCC6455F8D5203F88C" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[856,1034,1996,2018]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E20FFCCC6455F8D5203F88C" box="[856,1034,1996,2018]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E20FFCCC10D5F8C5268F88C" box="[1040,1121,1997,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E27FFCBC58A5F3C545BF881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045771/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" targetBox="[172,1392,232,1881]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="852736A82E27FFCBC58A5F3C545BF881" blockId="4.[151,1438,1917,2031]" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E27FFCBC58A5F3C571AF8FD" bold="true" box="[151,275,1917,1939]" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Timetree of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E27FFCBC48A5F3C57FDF8FD" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[407,500,1917,1939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E27FFCBC48A5F3C57FDF8FD" box="[407,500,1917,1939]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">Aspidura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in context with other natricines. Support values are&gt;95% Pp for all nodes unless indicated. Axis values are in millions of years before the present. We note that many genera are paraphyletic, but this may be based on erroneous or misidentified specimens from GenBank (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E27FFCBC7EC5FFA523CF8BF" box="[753,1077,1979,2001]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Xenochrophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schnurrenburgeri">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E27FFCBC7EC5FFA523CF8BF" box="[753,1077,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">Xenochrophis schnurrenburgeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and should not be relied upon for higher-level taxonomy outside of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E27FFCBC4F05F985444F881" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[493,589,2009,2031]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Aspidura</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E26FFCAC58A5F5B55AFF820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045773/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="280" targetBox="[225,1325,274,1729]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="852736A82E26FFCAC58A5F5B55AFF820" blockId="5.[151,1437,1818,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E26FFCAC58A5F5B571DF841" bold="true" box="[151,276,1818,1840]" pageId="5" pageNumber="280">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
(A) Dorsal aspect, (B) Ventral aspect, of holotype male of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E26FFCAC69D5F5B523DF85E" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[896,1076,1818,1840]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E26FFCAC69D5F5B523DF85E" box="[896,1076,1818,1840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="280">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E26FFCAC1215F5B5286F841" bold="true" box="[1084,1167,1818,1839]" pageId="5" pageNumber="280">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E26FFCAC1215F5B5286F841" box="[1084,1167,1818,1839]" pageId="5" pageNumber="280" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NMSL-NH 2017.19.01). Small and large tick marks in the scale bar indicate mm and cm, respectively.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E25FFC9C58A5FD2579CF8A9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045775/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="281" targetBox="[166,1419,211,1900]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="852736A82E25FFC9C58A5FD2579CF8A9" blockId="6.[151,1436,1939,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E25FFC9C58A5FD2571BF8C6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1939,1961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="281">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
(A) Female paratype of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E25FFC9C7165FD254B4F8C7" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[523,701,1939,1961]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="281" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E25FFC9C7165FD254B4F8C7" box="[523,701,1939,1961]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="281">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E25FFC9C7DE5FD2551DF8C6" bold="true" box="[707,788,1939,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="281">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E25FFC9C7DE5FD2551DF8C6" box="[707,788,1939,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="281" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(DWC 2017.05.01). (B) Male paratype of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E25FFC9C1DB5FD25371F8C7" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[1222,1400,1939,1961]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="281" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E25FFC9C1DB5FD25371F8C7" box="[1222,1400,1939,1961]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="281">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E25FFC9C0605FD256CAF8A9" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="281">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E25FFC9C0605FD256CAF8A9" pageId="6" pageNumber="281" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(DWC 2017.05.02).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E24FFC8C58A5FD052E3F8A8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045777/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="282" targetBox="[166,1420,211,1898]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="852736A82E24FFC8C58A5FD052E3F8A8" blockId="7.[151,1436,1937,1990]" pageId="7" pageNumber="282">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E24FFC8C58A5FD0571FF8C9" bold="true" box="[151,278,1937,1959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="282">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
(A) Coarsely keeled ischiadic region of male paratype (DWC 2017.05.02) of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E24FFC8C14B5FD05305F8C9" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[1110,1292,1937,1959]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="282" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E24FFC8C14B5FD05305F8C9" box="[1110,1292,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="282">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E24FFC8C0085FD35360F8C9" bold="true" box="[1301,1385,1938,1959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="282">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E24FFC8C0085FD35360F8C9" box="[1301,1385,1938,1959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="282" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, (B) Ischiadic region of female paratype (DWC 2017.05.01) of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E24FFC8C7F45FF15595F8A8" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[745,924,1968,1990]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="282" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E24FFC8C7F45FF15595F8A8" box="[745,924,1968,1990]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="282">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E24FFC8C6BF5FF155FBF8AB" bold="true" box="[930,1010,1968,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="282">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E24FFC8C6BF5FF155FBF8AB" box="[930,1010,1968,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="282" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, showing week keeling.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E2BFFC7C58A5FF355FDF889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045779/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="283" targetBox="[191,1403,210,1937]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2BFFC7C58A5FF355FDF889" blockId="8.[151,1436,1970,2023]" pageId="8" pageNumber="283">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2BFFC7C58A5FF3571BF8A9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1970,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="283">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Sulcate (left), and asulcate (right) views of the right everted hemipenis of (A)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2BFFC7C1325FF352E8F8A6" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[1071,1249,1970,1992]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="283" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2BFFC7C1325FF352E8F8A6" box="[1071,1249,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="283">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2BFFC7C1FA5FF35331F8A9" bold="true" box="[1255,1336,1970,1991]" pageId="8" pageNumber="283">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E2BFFC7C1FA5FF35331F8A9" box="[1255,1336,1970,1991]" pageId="8" pageNumber="283" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, paratype male (DWC 2017.05.02), (B)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2BFFC7C4DA5F9054A5F889" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[455,684,2001,2023]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="283" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2BFFC7C4DA5F9054A5F889" box="[455,684,2001,2023]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="283">Aspidura trachyprocta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male (NMSL-NH 2017.20.01).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E2AFFC6C58A5FD05412F8A8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045781/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="284" targetBox="[166,1419,211,1899]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2AFFC6C58A5FD05412F8A8" blockId="9.[151,1436,1937,1990]" pageId="9" pageNumber="284">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2AFFC6C58A5FD0571FF8C9" bold="true" box="[151,278,1937,1959]" pageId="9" pageNumber="284">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
(A)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2AFFC6C4535FD0543EF8C9" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[334,567,1937,1959]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2AFFC6C4535FD0543EF8C9" box="[334,567,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="284">Aspidura trachyprocta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male (DWC 2017.05.03) in life, colour pattern-black. (B)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2AFFC6C1AE5FD05395F8C9" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[1203,1436,1937,1959]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="284" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2AFFC6C1AE5FD05395F8C9" box="[1203,1436,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="284">Aspidura trachyprocta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
unpreserved male, colour pattern- red.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E29FFC5C58A5C6E558FFB2B" box="[151,902,1071,1093]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045783/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1050]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="852736A82E29FFC5C58A5C6E558FFB2B" blockId="10.[151,902,1071,1093]" box="[151,902,1071,1093]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E29FFC5C58A5C6E571BFB2A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1071,1093]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Female of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E29FFC5C4985C6E5463FB2B" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[389,618,1071,1093]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E29FFC5C4985C6E5463FB2B" box="[389,618,1071,1093]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">Aspidura trachyprocta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female (DWC 2017.05.04)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E29FFC5C58A5C2D52B9FBED" ID-Table-UUID="D1E766202E29FFC5C58A5C2D52B9FBED" box="[151,1200,1132,1155]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D1E766202E29FFC5C58A5C2D52B9FBED" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" targetBox="[159,1348,1183,1949]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="852736A82E29FFC5C58A5C2D52B9FBED" blockId="10.[151,1200,1132,1155]" box="[151,1200,1132,1155]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E29FFC5C58A5C2D5703FBED" bold="true" box="[151,266,1132,1155]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
The morphometric measurements (mm) of the type series of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E29FFC5C6855C2D525AFBED" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[920,1107,1132,1155]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E29FFC5C6855C2D525AFBED" box="[920,1107,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E29FFC5C1475C2D52B9FBED" box="[1114,1200,1132,1155]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="852736A82E29FFC5C4195CDE534DF8F3" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<table id="F798C4082E290030C5825CDE534DF8F3" box="[159,1348,1183,1949]" gridcols="7" gridrows="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825CDE534DFBD8" box="[159,1348,1183,1206]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="78795D962E290030C4195CDE55AAFBD8" box="[260,931,1183,1206]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E29FFC5C4195CDE57BFFBD8" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[260,438,1183,1206]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E29FFC5C4195CDE57BFFBD8" box="[260,438,1183,1206]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E29FFC5C4A15CE15404FBDB" bold="true" box="[444,525,1184,1205]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E29FFC5C4A15CE15404FBDB" box="[444,525,1184,1205]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E29FFC5C4A15CE157D2FBDB" bold="true" box="[444,475,1184,1205]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">sp.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E29FFC5C4FC5CE15404FBDB" bold="true" box="[481,525,1184,1205]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="78795D962E290030C11F5CDE5235FBD8" box="[1026,1084,1183,1206]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E29FFC5C11F5CE15235FBDB" box="[1026,1084,1184,1205]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">Mean</collectionCode>
</th>
<th id="78795D962E290030C16C5CDE52A3FBD8" box="[1137,1194,1183,1206]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">SD</th>
<th id="78795D962E290030C1C25CDE534DFBD8" box="[1247,1348,1183,1206]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E29FFC5C1C25CDE5329FBDB" box="[1247,1312,1183,1205]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">Range</collectionCode>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825C88534DFA66" box="[159,1348,1225,1288]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195C8857D5FA66" box="[260,476,1225,1288]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<typeStatus id="5A23880A2E29FFC5C4195C88576BFBB1" box="[260,354,1225,1247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" type="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E29FFC5C4195C88576BFBB1" box="[260,354,1225,1247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">Holotype</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E29FFC5C4745C8857D5FBB1" box="[361,476,1225,1247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">NMSL-NH</collectionCode>
2017.19.0 1
</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5C8854A3FA66" box="[528,682,1225,1288]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<typeStatus id="5A23880A2E29FFC5C70D5C885460FBB0" box="[528,617,1225,1246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" type="paratype">
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E29FFC5C70D5C885460FBB0" box="[528,617,1225,1246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">Paratype</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E29FFC5C7725C8854A3FBB1" box="[623,682,1225,1247]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14734" name="West Chester University" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">DWC</collectionCode>
2017.05.0 1
</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145C8855AAFA66" box="[777,931,1225,1288]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<typeStatus id="5A23880A2E29FFC5C6145C88556BFBB0" box="[777,866,1225,1246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285" type="paratype">
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E29FFC5C6145C88556BFBB0" box="[777,866,1225,1246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">Paratype</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="E389AE6D2E29FFC5C6755C8855AAFBB1" box="[872,931,1225,1247]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14734" name="West Chester University" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">DWC</collectionCode>
2017.05.0 2
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825D5A534DFA5F" box="[159,1348,1307,1329]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825D5A56DBFA5F" box="[159,210,1307,1329]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">CL</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195D5A57D5FA5F" box="[260,476,1307,1329]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5D5A54A3FA5F" box="[528,682,1307,1329]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">6.6</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145D5A55AAFA5F" box="[777,931,1307,1329]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.7</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5D5A5235FA5F" box="[1026,1084,1307,1329]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">4.5</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5D5A52A3FA5F" box="[1137,1194,1307,1329]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.8</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25D5A534DFA5F" box="[1247,1348,1307,1329]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.4–6.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825D05534DFA34" box="[159,1348,1348,1370]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825D0556DBFA34" box="[159,210,1348,1370]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">DBE</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195D0557D5FA34" box="[260,476,1348,1370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.6</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5D0554A3FA34" box="[528,682,1348,1370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">5.9</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145D0555AAFA34" box="[777,931,1348,1370]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.8</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5D055235FA34" box="[1026,1084,1348,1370]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">4.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5D0552A3FA34" box="[1137,1194,1348,1370]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25D05534DFA34" box="[1247,1348,1348,1370]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.6–5.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825D2F534DFAEA" box="[159,1348,1390,1412]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825D2F56DBFAEA" box="[159,210,1390,1412]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">DFE</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195D2F57D5FAEA" box="[260,476,1390,1412]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">2.9</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5D2F54A3FAEA" box="[528,682,1390,1412]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">4.8</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145D2F55AAFAEA" box="[777,931,1390,1412]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.1</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5D2F5235FAEA" box="[1026,1084,1390,1412]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.6</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5D2F52A3FAEA" box="[1137,1194,1390,1412]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.1</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25D2F534DFAEA" box="[1247,1348,1390,1412]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">2.9–4.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825DD6534DFAC3" box="[159,1348,1431,1453]" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825DD656DBFAC3" box="[159,210,1431,1453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">EW</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195DD657D5FAC3" box="[260,476,1431,1453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.1</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5DD654A3FAC3" box="[528,682,1431,1453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.6</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145DD655AAFAC3" box="[777,931,1431,1453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.1</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5DD65235FAC3" box="[1026,1084,1431,1453]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5DD652A3FAC3" box="[1137,1194,1431,1453]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25DD6534DFAC3" box="[1247,1348,1431,1453]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.1–1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825D80534DFAB9" box="[159,1348,1473,1495]" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825D8056DBFAB9" box="[159,210,1473,1495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">HD</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195D8057D5FAB9" box="[260,476,1473,1495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.2</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5D8054A3FAB9" box="[528,682,1473,1495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">6.1</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145D8055AAFAB9" box="[777,931,1473,1495]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5D805235FAB9" box="[1026,1084,1473,1495]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">4.2</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5D8052A3FAB9" box="[1137,1194,1473,1495]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.7</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25D80534DFAB9" box="[1247,1348,1473,1495]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.2–6.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825DAB534DF96E" box="[159,1348,1514,1536]" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825DAB56DBF96E" box="[159,210,1514,1536]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">HL</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195DAB57D5F96E" box="[260,476,1514,1536]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">12.8</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5DAB54A3F96E" box="[528,682,1514,1536]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">20.0</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145DAB55AAF96E" box="[777,931,1514,1536]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">12.7</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5DAB5235F96E" box="[1026,1084,1514,1536]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">15.2</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5DAB52A3F96E" box="[1137,1194,1514,1536]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">4.2</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25DAB534DF96E" box="[1247,1348,1514,1536]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">12.7–20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825E52534DF947" box="[159,1348,1555,1577]" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825E5256DBF947" box="[159,210,1555,1577]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">HW</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195E5257D5F947" box="[260,476,1555,1577]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">6.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5E5254A3F947" box="[528,682,1555,1577]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">10.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145E5255AAF947" box="[777,931,1555,1577]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">5.8</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5E525235F947" box="[1026,1084,1555,1577]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">7.5</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5E5252A3F947" box="[1137,1194,1555,1577]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">2.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25E52534DF947" box="[1247,1348,1555,1577]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">5.8–10.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825E7D534DF93C" box="[159,1348,1596,1618]" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825E7D56DBF93C" box="[159,210,1596,1618]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">IN</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195E7D57D5F93C" box="[260,476,1596,1618]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.9</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5E7D54A3F93C" box="[528,682,1596,1618]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145E7D55AAF93C" box="[777,931,1596,1618]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.8</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5E7D5235F93C" box="[1026,1084,1596,1618]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.1</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5E7D52A3F93C" box="[1137,1194,1596,1618]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25E7D534DF93C" box="[1247,1348,1596,1618]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.8–1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825E27534DF912" box="[159,1348,1638,1660]" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825E2756DBF912" box="[159,210,1638,1660]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">IO</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195E2757D5F912" box="[260,476,1638,1660]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.7</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5E2754A3F912" box="[528,682,1638,1660]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">5.9</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145E2755AAF912" box="[777,931,1638,1660]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.9</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5E275235F912" box="[1026,1084,1638,1660]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">4.5</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5E2752A3F912" box="[1137,1194,1638,1660]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.2</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25E27534DF912" box="[1247,1348,1638,1660]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.7–5.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825ECE534DF9CB" box="[159,1348,1679,1701]" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825ECE56DBF9CB" box="[159,210,1679,1701]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">NE</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195ECE57D5F9CB" box="[260,476,1679,1701]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">2.8</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5ECE54A3F9CB" box="[528,682,1679,1701]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">4.5</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145ECE55AAF9CB" box="[777,931,1679,1701]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">2.6</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5ECE5235F9CB" box="[1026,1084,1679,1701]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5ECE52A3F9CB" box="[1137,1194,1679,1701]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.0</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25ECE534DF9CB" box="[1247,1348,1679,1701]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">2.6–4.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825EF8534DF9A1" box="[159,1348,1721,1743]" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825EF856DBF9A1" box="[159,210,1721,1743]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">NW</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195EF857D5F9A1" box="[260,476,1721,1743]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5EF854A3F9A1" box="[528,682,1721,1743]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145EF855AAF9A1" box="[777,931,1721,1743]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5EF85235F9A1" box="[1026,1084,1721,1743]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5EF852A3F9A1" box="[1137,1194,1721,1743]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.0</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25EF8534DF9A1" box="[1247,1348,1721,1743]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.3–0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825EA3534DF996" box="[159,1348,1762,1784]" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825EA356DBF996" box="[159,210,1762,1784]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">SE</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195EA357D5F996" box="[260,476,1762,1784]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.6</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5EA354A3F996" box="[528,682,1762,1784]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">5.0</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145EA355AAF996" box="[777,931,1762,1784]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.5</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5EA35235F996" box="[1026,1084,1762,1784]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">4.0</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5EA352A3F996" box="[1137,1194,1762,1784]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.9</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25EA3534DF996" box="[1247,1348,1762,1784]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">3.5–5.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825F4A534DF84F" box="[159,1348,1803,1825]" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825F4A56DBF84F" box="[159,210,1803,1825]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">SG</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195F4A57D5F84F" box="[260,476,1803,1825]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">8.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5F4A54A3F84F" box="[528,682,1803,1825]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">11.6</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145F4A55AAF84F" box="[777,931,1803,1825]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">8.1</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5F4A5235F84F" box="[1026,1084,1803,1825]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">9.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5F4A52A3F84F" box="[1137,1194,1803,1825]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">1.9</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25F4A534DF84F" box="[1247,1348,1803,1825]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">8.1–11.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825F75534DF824" box="[159,1348,1844,1866]" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825F7556DBF824" box="[159,210,1844,1866]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">SN</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195F7557D5F824" box="[260,476,1844,1866]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.5</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5F7554A3F824" box="[528,682,1844,1866]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.7</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145F7555AAF824" box="[777,931,1844,1866]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5F755235F824" box="[1026,1084,1844,1866]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.6</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5F7552A3F824" box="[1137,1194,1844,1866]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.2</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25F75534DF824" box="[1247,1348,1844,1866]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">0.4–0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825F1F534DF81A" box="[159,1348,1886,1908]" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825F1F56DBF81A" box="[159,210,1886,1908]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">SVL</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195F1F57D5F81A" box="[260,476,1886,1908]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">256.0</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5F1F54A3F81A" box="[528,682,1886,1908]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">414.0</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145F1F55AAF81A" box="[777,931,1886,1908]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">218.0</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5F1F5235F81A" box="[1026,1084,1886,1908]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">296.0</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5F1F52A3F81A" box="[1137,1194,1886,1908]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">103.9</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25F1F534DF81A" box="[1247,1348,1886,1908]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">218–414</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E290030C5825FC6534DF8F3" box="[159,1348,1927,1949]" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">
<th id="78795D962E290030C5825FC656DBF8F3" box="[159,210,1927,1949]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">TaL</th>
<td id="78795D962E290030C4195FC657D5F8F3" box="[260,476,1927,1949]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">37.2</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C70D5FC654A3F8F3" box="[528,682,1927,1949]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">39.4</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C6145FC655AAF8F3" box="[777,931,1927,1949]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">34.9</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C11F5FC65235F8F3" box="[1026,1084,1927,1949]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">37.2</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C16C5FC652A3F8F3" box="[1137,1194,1927,1949]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">2.3</td>
<td id="78795D962E290030C1C25FC6534DF8F3" box="[1247,1348,1927,1949]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="285">34.9–39.4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="D1E766202E28FFC4C58A5FD05533F8AB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045785/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="286" targetBox="[166,1421,240,1899]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="852736A82E28FFC4C58A5FD05533F8AB" blockId="11.[151,1435,1937,1989]" pageId="11" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E28FFC4C58A5FD0571BF8C8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1937,1959]" pageId="11" pageNumber="286">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Lateral aspect of ischiadic, anal and tail base regions of (A)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E28FFC4C66B5FD05221F8C9" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[886,1064,1937,1959]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E28FFC4C66B5FD05221F8C9" box="[886,1064,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="286">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E28FFC4C1305FD05274F8C8" bold="true" box="[1069,1149,1937,1958]" pageId="11" pageNumber="286">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E28FFC4C1305FD05274F8C8" box="[1069,1149,1937,1958]" pageId="11" pageNumber="286" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype male (NMSL-NH 2017.19.01), (B)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E28FFC4C45B5FEE5422F8AB" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[326,555,1967,1989]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="286" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E28FFC4C45B5FEE5422F8AB" box="[326,555,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="286">Aspidura trachyprocta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male (DWC 2017.05.03).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E2FFFC3C58A5FCC5533F8AC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045787/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="287" targetBox="[166,1420,299,1896]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2FFFC3C58A5FCC5533F8AC" blockId="12.[151,1436,1933,1986]" pageId="12" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2FFFC3C58A5FCC572AF8CD" bold="true" box="[151,291,1933,1955]" pageId="12" pageNumber="287">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Dorsal aspect of ischiadic and tail base regions (A)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2FFFC3C6415FCC521BF8CA" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[860,1042,1933,1956]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2FFFC3C6415FCC521BF8CA" box="[860,1042,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="287">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2FFFC3C1015FCF5278F8CD" bold="true" box="[1052,1137,1934,1955]" pageId="12" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E2FFFC3C1015FCF5278F8CD" box="[1052,1137,1934,1955]" pageId="12" pageNumber="287" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype male (NMSL-NH 2017.19.01), (B)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2FFFC3C45B5FED5422F8AC" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[326,555,1964,1986]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="287" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2FFFC3C45B5FED5422F8AC" box="[326,555,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="287">Aspidura trachyprocta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male (DWC 2017.05.03).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E2EFFC2C58A5FCE5533F8AA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045789/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="288" targetBox="[166,1421,337,1898]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2EFFC2C58A5FCE5533F8AA" blockId="13.[151,1436,1935,1988]" pageId="13" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2EFFC2C58A5FCE572AF8CA" bold="true" box="[151,291,1935,1957]" pageId="13" pageNumber="288">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Ventral aspect of anal and tail base regions of (A)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2EFFC2C6455FCE5206F8C8" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[856,1039,1935,1958]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2EFFC2C6455FCE5206F8C8" box="[856,1039,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="288">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2EFFC2C1045FD15266F8CB" bold="true" box="[1049,1135,1936,1957]" pageId="13" pageNumber="288">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E2EFFC2C1045FD15266F8CB" box="[1049,1135,1936,1957]" pageId="13" pageNumber="288" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype male (NMSL-NH 2017.19.01), (B)
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2EFFC2C45B5FEF5422F8AA" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[326,555,1966,1988]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="288" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2EFFC2C45B5FEF5422F8AA" box="[326,555,1966,1988]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="288">Aspidura trachyprocta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male (DWC 2017.05.03).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E766202E2DFFC1C58A58D954CEFFC1" box="[151,711,152,175]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2DFFC1C58A58D954CEFFC1" blockId="14.[151,711,152,175]" box="[151,711,152,175]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C58A58D95700FFC1" bold="true" box="[151,265,152,175]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Scale count of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2DFFC1C4AD58D95462FFC1" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[432,619,152,175]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C4AD58D95462FFC1" box="[432,619,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E2DFFC1C76F58D954CEFFC1" box="[626,711,152,175]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="852736A82E2DFFC1C4FC588B52B3FBF9" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<table id="F798C4082E2D0030C582588B5399FBF9" box="[159,1424,202,1175]" gridcols="4" gridrows="24" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C582588B5399FF8E" box="[159,1424,202,224]" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC588B5399FF8E" box="[481,1424,202,224]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2DFFC1C4FC588B549AFF8E" authority="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2017" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[481,659,202,224]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C4FC588B549AFF8E" box="[481,659,202,224]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C784588A54E0FF8E" bold="true" box="[665,745,203,224]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF57C12E2DFFC1C784588A54E0FF8E" box="[665,745,203,224]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C58258B55399FE64" box="[159,1424,244,266]" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC58B55538FE64" box="[481,817,244,266]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Holotype NMSL-NH 2017.19.0 1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C64458B55262FE64" box="[857,1131,244,266]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Paratype DWC 2017.05.0 1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C16358B55399FE64" box="[1150,1424,244,266]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Paratype DWC 2017.05.0 2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C582595C5399FE5D" box="[159,1424,285,307]" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C582595C57A8FE5D" box="[159,417,285,307]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Internasal</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC595C5538FE5D" box="[481,817,285,307]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C644595C5262FE5D" box="[857,1131,285,307]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C163595C5399FE5D" box="[1150,1424,285,307]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C58259075399FE32" box="[159,1424,326,348]" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C582590757A8FE32" box="[159,417,326,348]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Prefrontal</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC59075538FE32" box="[481,817,326,348]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C64459075262FE32" box="[857,1131,326,348]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C16359075399FE32" box="[1150,1424,326,348]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C58259315399FEE8" box="[159,1424,368,390]" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C582593157A8FEE8" box="[159,417,368,390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Frontal</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC59315538FEE8" box="[481,817,368,390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C64459315262FEE8" box="[857,1131,368,390]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C16359315399FEE8" box="[1150,1424,368,390]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C58259D85399FEC1" box="[159,1424,409,431]" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C58259D857A8FEC1" box="[159,417,409,431]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Supraoculars</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC59D85538FEC1" box="[481,817,409,431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C64459D85262FEC1" box="[857,1131,409,431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C16359D85399FEC1" box="[1150,1424,409,431]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C58259835399FEB6" box="[159,1424,450,472]" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C582598357A8FEB6" box="[159,417,450,472]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Parietal</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC59835538FEB6" box="[481,817,450,472]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C64459835262FEB6" box="[857,1131,450,472]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C16359835399FEB6" box="[1150,1424,450,472]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C58259AD5399FD6C" box="[159,1424,492,514]" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C58259AD57A8FD6C" box="[159,417,492,514]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Nasal</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC59AD5538FD6C" box="[481,817,492,514]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C64459AD5262FD6C" box="[857,1131,492,514]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C16359AD5399FD6C" box="[1150,1424,492,514]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825A545399FD45" box="[159,1424,533,555]" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825A5457A8FD45" box="[159,417,533,555]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Loreals</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5A545538FD45" box="[481,817,533,555]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">0</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445A545262FD45" box="[857,1131,533,555]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">0</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635A545399FD45" box="[1150,1424,533,555]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825A7F5399FD3A" box="[159,1424,574,596]" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825A7F57A8FD3A" box="[159,417,574,596]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Preoculars</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5A7F5538FD3A" box="[481,817,574,596]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445A7F5262FD3A" box="[857,1131,574,596]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635A7F5399FD3A" box="[1150,1424,574,596]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825A295399FD10" box="[159,1424,616,638]" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825A2957A8FD10" box="[159,417,616,638]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Postoculars</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5A295538FD10" box="[481,817,616,638]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445A295262FD10" box="[857,1131,616,638]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635A295399FD10" box="[1150,1424,616,638]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825AD05399FDC9" box="[159,1424,657,679]" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825AD057A8FDC9" box="[159,417,657,679]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Temporals</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5AD05538FDC9" box="[481,817,657,679]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1+2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445AD05262FDC9" box="[857,1131,657,679]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1+2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635AD05399FDC9" box="[1150,1424,657,679]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">1+2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825AFB5399FDBE" box="[159,1424,698,720]" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825AFB57A8FDBE" box="[159,417,698,720]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Supralabials</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5AFB5538FDBE" box="[481,817,698,720]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">6</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445AFB5262FDBE" box="[857,1131,698,720]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">6</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635AFB5399FDBE" box="[1150,1424,698,720]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825AA55399FD94" box="[159,1424,740,762]" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825AA557A8FD94" box="[159,417,740,762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Eye at</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5AA55538FD94" box="[481,817,740,762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">4</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445AA55262FD94" box="[857,1131,740,762]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">4</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635AA55399FD94" box="[1150,1424,740,762]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825B4C5399FC4D" box="[159,1424,781,803]" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825B4C57A8FC4D" box="[159,417,781,803]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Infralabials</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5B4C5538FC4D" box="[481,817,781,803]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">6</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445B4C5262FC4D" box="[857,1131,781,803]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">6</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635B4C5399FC4D" box="[1150,1424,781,803]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825B775399FC22" box="[159,1424,822,844]" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825B7757A8FC22" box="[159,417,822,844]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Anterior chin shields</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5B775538FC22" box="[481,817,822,844]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445B775262FC22" box="[857,1131,822,844]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635B775399FC22" box="[1150,1424,822,844]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825B215399FC18" box="[159,1424,864,886]" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825B2157A8FC18" box="[159,417,864,886]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Posterior chin shields</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5B215538FC18" box="[481,817,864,886]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445B215262FC18" box="[857,1131,864,886]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635B215399FC18" box="[1150,1424,864,886]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825BC85399FCF1" box="[159,1424,905,927]" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825BC857A8FCF1" box="[159,417,905,927]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Coastals</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5BC85538FCF1" box="[481,817,905,927]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">15, 15, 15</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445BC85262FCF1" box="[857,1131,905,927]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">15, 15, 15</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635BC85399FCF1" box="[1150,1424,905,927]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">15, 15, 15</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825BF35399FCA6" box="[159,1424,946,968]" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825BF357A8FCA6" box="[159,417,946,968]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Keels around base of tail</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5BF35538FCA6" box="[481,817,946,968]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">coarse</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445BF35262FCA6" box="[857,1131,946,968]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">weak</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635BF35399FCA6" box="[1150,1424,946,968]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">coarse</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825B9D5399FC9C" box="[159,1424,988,1010]" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825B9D57A8FC9C" box="[159,417,988,1010]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Ventrals</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5B9D5538FC9C" box="[481,817,988,1010]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">139</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445B9D5262FC9C" box="[857,1131,988,1010]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">132</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635B9D5399FC9C" box="[1150,1424,988,1010]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">139</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825C445399FB75" box="[159,1424,1029,1051]" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825C4457A8FB75" box="[159,417,1029,1051]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Preanal single/double</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5C445538FB75" box="[481,817,1029,1051]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">single</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445C445262FB75" box="[857,1131,1029,1051]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">single</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635C445399FB75" box="[1150,1424,1029,1051]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">single</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825C6F5399FB2A" box="[159,1424,1070,1092]" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825C6F57A8FB2A" box="[159,417,1070,1092]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Anal single/double</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5C6F5538FB2A" box="[481,817,1070,1092]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">single</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445C6F5262FB2A" box="[857,1131,1070,1092]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">single</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635C6F5399FB2A" box="[1150,1424,1070,1092]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">single</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825C195399FB00" box="[159,1424,1112,1134]" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825C1957A8FB00" box="[159,417,1112,1134]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Subcaudals</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5C195538FB00" box="[481,817,1112,1134]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">28</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445C195262FB00" box="[857,1131,1112,1134]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">20</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635C195399FB00" box="[1150,1424,1112,1134]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA834EA2E2D0030C5825CC05399FBF9" box="[159,1424,1153,1175]" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<th id="78795D962E2D0030C5825CC057A8FBF9" box="[159,417,1153,1175]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Subcaudals single/double</th>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C4FC5CC05538FBF9" box="[481,817,1153,1175]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">single</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C6445CC05262FBF9" box="[857,1131,1153,1175]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">single</td>
<td id="78795D962E2D0030C1635CC05399FBF9" box="[1150,1424,1153,1175]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">single</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="852736A82E2DFFC1C5DA5C9D5229FAA1" blockId="14.[151,1438,1240,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C5DA5C9D5770FB9A" box="[199,377,1244,1268]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Body scalation.</emphasis>
Ventrals 139, 1st ventral longer than wide; subcaudals 29, all single; anal single and large; dorsal scale rows 15–15–15; coastal scales on posterior body from about 110th ventral feebly keeled, except the ischiadic region which is coarsely keeled,
<specimenCode id="D53E9ED32E2DFFC1C7935D6954FCFA51" box="[654,757,1319,1343]" collectionCode="with" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">with 1–3</specimenCode>
peaks on each scale; vertebral rows and first coastal
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E2DFFC1C0655D665395FA51" box="[1400,1436,1319,1343]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">not</collectingRegion>
enlarged;
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C5DA5D2F5765FAE9" bold="true" box="[199,364,1390,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Colour in life.</emphasis>
Entire dorsum jet black. Fourth supralabial to neck displays bright yellow stripe ventrolaterally. Irregular bright yellow stripe continues ventrolaterally from neck to tail, becoming discontinuous midbody. Venter black with bright yellow blotching all over; gular region primarily bright yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="852736A82E2DFFC1C5DA5D9A57DFF979" blockId="14.[151,1438,1240,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C5DA5D9A5796FA9A" bold="true" box="[199,415,1499,1524]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Colour in alcohol.</emphasis>
Colour pattern remains unchanged. Pupil changes to off white. Black colour fades, bright yellow changes to off white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="852736A82E2DFFC1C5DA5E625754F9C9" blockId="14.[151,1438,1240,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<location id="804760732E2DFFC1C5DA5E625790F955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E2DFFC1C5DA5E625790F955" box="[199,409,1571,1596]" name="Variation. Female" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C5DA5E625736F952" bold="true" box="[199,319,1571,1596]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Variation.</emphasis>
Female
</location>
<typeStatus id="5A23880A2E2DFFC1C4BD5E625408F955" box="[416,513,1571,1595]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
showed much weaker keeling on coastal scales.
<location id="804760732E2DFFC1C13A5E65525AF955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E2DFFC1C13A5E65525AF955" box="[1063,1107,1572,1595]" name="The" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">The</location>
first ventral wider than long. Subcaudals 20, the first subcaudal divided. Snout truncate in dorsal aspect.
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E2DFFC1C11F5E065235F931" box="[1026,1084,1607,1631]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Male</collectingRegion>
<typeStatus id="5A23880A2E2DFFC1C1585E0652AFF931" box="[1093,1190,1607,1631]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
showed ventrolateral bright yellow stripe only on the head and tail regions.
<location id="804760732E2DFFC1C61D5E2D551EF9ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E2DFFC1C61D5E2D551EF9ED" box="[768,791,1644,1667]" name="In" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" stateProvince="Male">In</location>
both
<typeStatus id="5A23880A2E2DFFC1C6445E2A55C0F9ED" box="[857,969,1643,1667]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
, gular region black with very little bright yellow blotching.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="852736A82E2DFFC1C5DA5EF25290F87A" blockId="14.[151,1438,1240,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C5DA5EF257EDF9A2" bold="true" box="[199,484,1715,1740]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Hemipenis morphology.</emphasis>
Based on DWC 2017.05.0 2 paratype specimen: right everted hemipenis extends for length of 5 subcaudals. Everted organ single subcylindrical,
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C6795E965234F981" box="[868,1085,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">sulcus spermaticus</emphasis>
simple. Basal to apex region bearing prominent spines which are evenly distributed and are in uniform length (
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E2DFFC1C13A5EBA5282F87A" box="[1063,1163,1787,1812]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[191,1403,210,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1420,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sulcate (left), and asulcate (right) views of the right everted hemipenis of (A) Aspidura ravanai sp. nov., paratype male (DWC 2017.05.02), (B) Aspidura trachyprocta, male (NMSL-NH 2017.20.01)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045779/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Figure 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E2DFFC1C5DA5F5F5544F811" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2DFFC1C5DA5F5F5544F811" blockId="14.[151,1438,1240,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C5DA5F5F5798F859" bold="true" box="[199,401,1822,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Natural History.</emphasis>
Seventeen specimens of
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2DFFC1C7DA5F5E559BF859" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[711,914,1823,1847]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C7DA5F5E559BF859" box="[711,914,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Aspidura ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been found in montane cloud forests between
<quantity id="42609B4D2E2DFFC1C5E05F0257A1F835" box="[253,424,1859,1884]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" unit="m" value="1825.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1650.0">1,650–2,000 m</quantity>
elevation. Mostly found in shady areas with dense leaf litter, hidden under loose soil or logs, and can be found up to about
<quantity id="42609B4D2E2DFFC1C7025F26546CF811" box="[543,613,1895,1919]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
below ground level.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E2DFFC1C5DA5FCA55CBF885" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2DFFC1C5DA5FCA55CBF885" blockId="14.[151,1438,1240,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C5DA5FCA5747F8CA" bold="true" box="[199,334,1931,1956]" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2DFFC1C7265FCD549BF8CD" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[571,658,1932,1955]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C7265FCD549BF8CD" box="[571,658,1932,1955]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is formed after Emperor Ravana, one of the greatest Emperors of all times, who is believed to have lived nearly 5000 years ago in
<collectingCountry id="FD8F76382E2DFFC1C6615FEE55FBF8A9" box="[892,1010,1967,1991]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E2DFFC1C6615FEE5594F8A9" box="[892,925,1967,1991]" country="United Kingdom" name="Surrey" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">Sri</collectingRegion>
Lanka
</collectingCountry>
, and was said to have had immense intelligence and power. The name
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2DFFC1C7055F955466F885" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[536,623,2004,2027]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="289" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2DFFC1C7055F955466F885" box="[536,623,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="289">ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a noun in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E2CFFC0C5DA58D6572CFFBA" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2CFFC0C5DA58D6572CFFBA" blockId="15.[151,1438,151,1079]" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C5DA58D65401FFDE" bold="true" box="[199,520,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Suggested common names.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C71258D854EAFFDE" box="[527,739,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Ravanage madilla,</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C60158D95240FFDE" box="[796,1097,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Ravana’s rough-side snake</emphasis>
in native Sinhala and English respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E2CFFC0C5DA589E5227FEC2" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" type="description">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2CFFC0C5DA589E5227FEC2" blockId="15.[151,1438,151,1079]" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C5DA589E57D1FF96" bold="true" box="[199,472,223,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Molecular divergence.</emphasis>
The results from our dating analysis suggest that
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C15F58A152BEFF96" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1838" box="[1090,1207,224,248]" class="Reptilia" family="Natricinae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Natricinae</taxonomicName>
began diversifying approximately 37 Ma (95% Highest Posterior Density [HPD] = 29–45, Ma) in the late Eocene, consistent with most previous studies (e.g., Guo
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C71A59685449FE2E" box="[519,576,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">et al.</emphasis>
2012; Chen
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C7D25968550EFE2E" box="[719,775,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">et al.</emphasis>
2013). The genus
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C6C559695237FE2E" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[984,1086,296,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C6C559695237FE2E" box="[984,1086,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Aspidura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
began diversifying in the early Miocene, ~18 Ma (95% HPD = 13–24 Ma), and
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C7AF590D552EFE0A" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[690,807,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C7AF590D552EFE0A" box="[690,807,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">A. ravanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
diverged from
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C6CE590D5288FE0A" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[979,1153,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C6CE590D5288FE0A" box="[979,1153,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">A. trachyprocta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the late Miocene, ~6.2 Ma (95% HPD = 2.8–10.0 Ma). Thus, there is substantial evolutionary and genetic divergence between these taxa, despite their general morphological similarity and ecological sympatry (
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E2CFFC0C6A159D55229FEC2" box="[956,1056,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[172,1392,232,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[172,1416,193,1903]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Timetree of Aspidura in context with other natricines. Support values are&gt; 95 % Pp for all nodes unless indicated. Axis values are in millions of years before the present. We note that many genera are paraphyletic, but this may be based on erroneous or misidentified specimens from GenBank (e. g., Xenochrophis schnurrenburgeri), and should not be relied upon for higher-level taxonomy outside of Aspidura." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045771/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Figure 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD8265232E2CFFC0C5DA59F656FBFB59" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="852736A82E2CFFC0C5DA59F656FBFB59" blockId="15.[151,1438,151,1079]" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C5DA59F6576BFEBE" bold="true" box="[199,354,439,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Comparison.</emphasis>
The new species was compared with all known congeners of the genus
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C19859F952E2FEBE" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[1157,1259,440,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<collectingMunicipality id="6543ACD22E2CFFC0C19859F952E2FEBE" box="[1157,1259,440,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C19859F952E2FEBE" box="[1157,1259,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Aspidura</emphasis>
</collectingMunicipality>
</taxonomicName>
and the species most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C4B5599D5450FE9A" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[424,601,476,500]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C4B5599D5450FE9A" box="[424,601,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">A. trachyprocta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E2CFFC0C775599D54C5FE9A" box="[616,716,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[166,1419,211,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. (A) Aspidura trachyprocta, male (DWC 2017.05.03) in life, colour pattern-black. (B) Aspidura trachyprocta unpreserved male, colour pattern- red." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045781/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Figure 7</figureCitation>
) due to the following combination of characters:
<location id="804760732E2CFFC0C015599D5353FE9A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E2CFFC0C015599D5353FE9A" box="[1288,1370,476,500]" municipality="Aspidura" name="Similar" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Similar</location>
body size, one preocular, two postoculars, 1+2 temporals, supralabials 6, 4th supralabial in contact with the eye, infralabials 6 (
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E2CFFC0C4255A6657B9FD51" box="[312,432,551,575]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[166,1419,211,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. (A) Aspidura trachyprocta, male (DWC 2017.05.03) in life, colour pattern-black. (B) Aspidura trachyprocta unpreserved male, colour pattern- red." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045781/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Figure 7B</figureCitation>
),
<specimenCode id="D53E9ED32E2CFFC0C4DB5A66544DFD51" box="[454,580,550,575]" collectionCode="coastals" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">coastals 15</specimenCode>
, single cloacal scale, overlapping ventral and subcaudal counts, and similar habitat preferences, but can easily be distinguished from the following morphological characters: (1) entire dorsum jet black in
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C4025A2E57EFFDE9" authorityName="Mendis Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Dushantha Kandambi &amp; Pyron &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2017" box="[287,486,623,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravanai">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C4025A2E57EFFDE9" box="[287,486,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">
<collectingMunicipality id="6543ACD22E2CFFC0C4025A2E578FFDE9" box="[287,390,623,647]" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Aspidura</collectingMunicipality>
ravanai
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by (vs. reddish-yellow to brown with a longitudinal black stripe on mid dorsum in
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C58A5AD2579CFDC5" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,405,659,683]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachyprocta">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C58A5AD2579CFDC5" box="[151,405,659,683]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">
<location id="804760732E2CFFC0C58A5AD256F7FDC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D3187BE2E21FFC0C58A5AD056FBFB59:804760732E2CFFC0C58A5AD256F7FDC5" box="[151,254,659,683]" municipality="Aspidura" name="Aspidura" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Aspidura</location>
trachyprocta
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E2CFFC0C4B35AD25439FDC5" box="[430,560,659,683]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1071,1093]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1419,211,1899]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1050]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1916]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1050]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. (A) Aspidura trachyprocta, male (DWC 2017.05.03) in life, colour pattern-black. (B) Aspidura trachyprocta unpreserved male, colour pattern- red." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Female of Aspidura trachyprocta, female (DWC 2017.05.04)" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1045781/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1045783/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Figure 7–8</figureCitation>
), (2) ventrolaterally an irregular longitudinal yellow stripe (vs. black stripe), (3) spinose tubercles absent (vs. spinose tubercles present, more pronounced in males) (
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E2CFFC0C1D75AF65356FDA1" box="[1226,1375,695,719]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 9" captionStart-1="FIGURE 10" captionStart-2="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="11.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,250,1933,1955]" captionStartId-2="13.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1421,240,1899]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1420,299,1896]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,1421,337,1898]" captionTargetId-0="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1915]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1912]" captionTargetId-2="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1914]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 9. Lateral aspect of ischiadic, anal and tail base regions of (A) Aspidura ravanai sp. nov., holotype male (NMSL-NH 2017.19.01), (B) Aspidura trachyprocta, male (DWC 2017.05.03)." captionText-1="FIGURE 10. Dorsal aspect of ischiadic and tail base regions (A) Aspidura ravanai sp. nov., holotype male (NMSL-NH 2017.19.01), (B) Aspidura trachyprocta, male (DWC 2017.05.03)." captionText-2="FIGURE 11. Ventral aspect of anal and tail base regions of (A) Aspidura ravanai sp. nov., holotype male (NMSL-NH 2017.19.01), (B) Aspidura trachyprocta, male (DWC 2017.05.03)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1045785/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1045787/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1045789/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Figure 9–11</figureCitation>
), (4) hemipenis extends for length of 5 subcaudals (vs. 3–4), narrow apex (vs. broader), ridges absent (vs. present) (
<figureCitation id="1DA32A2D2E2CFFC0C5805ABE570AFC79" box="[157,259,766,791]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[191,1403,210,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[176,1420,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sulcate (left), and asulcate (right) views of the right everted hemipenis of (A) Aspidura ravanai sp. nov., paratype male (DWC 2017.05.02), (B) Aspidura trachyprocta, male (NMSL-NH 2017.20.01)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1045779/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">Figure 6</figureCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C4415ABE541FFC79" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[348,534,767,791]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyorrhos">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C4415ABE541FFC79" box="[348,534,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">A. brachyorrhos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having 15 coastals (vs. 17), preocular
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E2CFFC0C11F5ABE522FFC79" box="[1026,1062,767,791]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">not</collectingRegion>
in contact with supraocular (vs. contact), prefrontal contact with eye (vs. separate), single subcaudals (vs. paired); from
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C1765B6252CEFC54" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[1131,1223,803,826]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="copei">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C1765B6252CEFC54" box="[1131,1223,803,826]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">A. copei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having coastals 15 (vs. 17), single subcaudals (vs. paired), single preocular (vs. absent); from
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C6E55B0652B0FC31" box="[1016,1209,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">A. deraniyagalae</emphasis>
by larger SVL
<quantity id="42609B4D2E2CFFC0C0795B0656F1FCEC" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" metricValueMax="4.14" metricValueMin="2.18" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" unit="mm" value="316.0" valueMax="414.0" valueMin="218.0">218– 414 mm</quantity>
(vs. small SVL 90–126), coastals 15 (vs. 17), ventrals 132–139 (vs. 117–122), single subcaudals (vs. paired); from
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C4255BCE540AFCC9" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1904" box="[312,515,911,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drummondhayi">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C4255BCE540AFCC9" box="[312,515,911,935]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">A. drummondhayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having single subcaudals (vs. paired), single preocular (vs. absent); from
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C0995BCE570AFCA5" authorityName="Ferguson" authorityYear="1876" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C0995BCE570AFCA5" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">A. guentheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from larger SVL
<quantity id="42609B4D2E2CFFC0C4D55BF25455FCA4" box="[456,604,947,971]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" metricValueMax="4.14" metricValueMin="2.18" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" unit="mm" value="316.0" valueMax="414.0" valueMin="218.0">218–414 mm</quantity>
(vs. small, SVL
<quantity id="42609B4D2E2CFFC0C60A5BF25571FCA5" box="[791,888,947,971]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" unit="mm" value="170.0">170 mm</quantity>
), coastals 15 (vs. 17), ventrals 132–139 (vs. 100– 127); from
<taxonomicName id="42984D2B2E2CFFC0C4055B9657B0FC81" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[280,441,983,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ceylonensis">
<emphasis id="B7ECEABA2E2CFFC0C4055B9657B0FC81" box="[280,441,983,1007]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">A. ceylonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by prefrontal touching eye (vs.
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E2CFFC0C6385B965540FC81" box="[805,841,983,1007]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">not</collectingRegion>
touching eye), preocular does
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E2CFFC0C1BA5B9652C2FC81" box="[1191,1227,983,1007]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">not</collectingRegion>
touch supraocular (vs. touches), lower postocular larger than the upper (vs. vise versa), mid body coastals
<collectingRegion id="475CF84A2E2CFFC0C1905BBA52B8FB7D" box="[1165,1201,1019,1043]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="15" pageNumber="290">not</collectingRegion>
keeled (vs. coarsely keeled).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>

66
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Trachyusa nigrothoracica van Achterberg &amp;
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, 1990
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<paragraph id="5C68432419C5FB2F80203735A3B6259F" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9DE61178E18C18C4BC906D612DC5FEA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">England, Ireland</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E594DC6436154983811AACE3E3843BDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="35A8BD85335125345A905A074DFE8D37" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">added by Achterberg and O'Connor (1990)</paragraph>
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; verbatimCoordinates:
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&amp;
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. Location: countryCode: BG; locality:
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&amp;
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(1995: 74)
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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<mods:namePart id="5CC4F1B0C0988F382CBD4BAAAE7B1714">Mahnert, Volker</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9A611BE15BE4308669EBE781FFDA4472" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E14446E96D4E819E81FA75FDEA02699D">Sharaf, Mostafa</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EA26F3066A9E84CCE8306C39C10A4C48" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="89D946EC3E0D3AD93DC066FA3F51FCF1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1ACCD4EBF08E39496277320DC4FE196C">Aldawood, Abdulrahman S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C0465F328CA9F4BF5BDF8ABCA9E9C445">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="DB1558ADC82B8B78DE1E12D85D0AF084">
<mods:title id="2B0FC7253C2DA17AAB01D054449C6751">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="557078C1BAD22FCF3316499E919C01EB">
<mods:date id="54E8CD1B27E68AA907B729F7002738E3">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="74ED4DAFD160A769B0CBD6D18B701719" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1787AA53EB031FD049F5EA7EE4BC1593">3764</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="412E79D2972D7610940EA7F65F35AE6D">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="AA0F6A13641A49264F7F681E83C148F8">387</mods:start>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:identifier id="16022038FBD58531DACB1B4AC4A6CC6C" type="CLB-Dataset">46473</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A67B7F74DAD5AF78A2D2C45CFB5612C3" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3764.3.8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0D31EF27FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFB282B5D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6138963" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119414457" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6138963" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D31EF27FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFB282B5D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D31EF27FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFB282B5D" lastPageNumber="392" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">
<subSubSection id="CD820DBAFFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFE292FF2" box="[151,478,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="85275E31FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFE292FF2" blockId="5.[151,478,223,248]" box="[151,478,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">
<heading id="DE6FE95DFFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFE292FF2" bold="true" box="[151,478,223,248]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFE292FF2" ID-CoL="5C2PJ" authority="Simon, 1878" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1878" box="[151,478,223,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Withiidae" genus="Withius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFE292FF2" bold="true" box="[151,478,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFEC52FF2" bold="true" box="[151,306,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Withius piger</emphasis>
(Simon, 1878)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD820DBAFFE8FFCDBEB1BA77FA6B2EC5" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="85275E31FFE8FFCDBEB1BA77FA6B2EC5" blockId="5.[151,1436,295,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBEB1BA77FE772E4A" bold="true" box="[151,384,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="35F0546CFFE8FFCDBFA0BA77FED02E6F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3886338310" collectingDate="2011-05-12" collectorName="W. Qonouna" latitude="19.429361" location="Al Urdiyah Government" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.605026" municipality="Al Urdiyah Government" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" specimenCount="355" specimenCount-male="355">
<collectingMunicipality id="6543C44BFFE8FFCDBFA0BA77FD6E2E4A" box="[390,665,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Al Urdiyah Government</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="286D3BE7FFE8FFCDBC85BA78FCC52E4A" box="[675,818,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">W. Qonouna</collectorName>
,
<date id="F12678F1FFE8FFCDBD1ABA78FC5B2E4A" box="[828,940,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" value="2011-05-12">
<collectingDate id="E1628119FFE8FFCDBD1ABA78FC5B2E4A" box="[828,940,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" value="2011-05-12">
12.v.
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFE8FFCDBD49BA78FC5B2E4A" box="[879,940,296,320]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0113529999999997" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" unit="m" value="2011353.0">2011</quantity>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="939E95B8FFE8FFCDBD91BA77FC082E35" box="[951,1023,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="male">353 m</specimenCount>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBA2DBA77FB5F2E4A" box="[1035,1192,295,320]" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="45.7" value="19.429361">19°25′45.7″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBA94BA77FAB92E4A" box="[1202,1358,295,320]" degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="18.1" value="41.605026">41°36′18.1″E</geoCoordinate>
:
<specimenCount id="939E95B8FFE8FFCDBB71BA78FA742E35" box="[1367,1411,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 deutonymph
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="35F0546CFFE8FFCDBF16BA1CFC842E82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3886338302" collectingDate="2011-05-11" elevation="741" latitude="20.21103" location="Dhi Ayn Archeological Village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="1.4417223" municipality="Al Mukwah" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" specimenCount="39" specimenCount-female="9" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Al Bahah">
<collectingRegion id="475C90D3FFE8FFCDBF16BA1CFE6A2E6F" box="[304,413,332,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Al Bahah</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6543C44BFFE8FFCDBF81BA1CFDC72E6F" box="[423,560,332,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Al Mukwah</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="804708EAFFE8FFCDBC1DBA1CFC6F2E6F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D31EF27FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFB282B5D:804708EAFFE8FFCDBC1DBA1CFC6F2E6F" box="[571,920,332,357]" latitude="20.21103" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="1.4417223" municipality="Al Mukwah" name="Dhi Ayn Archeological Village" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" stateProvince="Al Bahah">Dhi Ayn Archeological Village</location>
,
<date id="F12678F1FFE8FFCDBD84BA1CFBE62E6E" box="[930,1041,332,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" value="2011-05-11">
<collectingDate id="E1628119FFE8FFCDBD84BA1CFBE62E6E" box="[930,1041,332,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" value="2011-05-11">11.v.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBA3ABA1CFB4E2E6F" box="[1052,1209,332,357]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="39.7" value="20.21103">20°12′39.7″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBAE5BA1CFAB42E6F" box="[1219,1347,332,357]" degrees="1" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="30.2" value="1.4417223">1°26′30.2E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFE8FFCDBB68BA1CFA6E2E6E" box="[1358,1433,332,356]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.409999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" unit="m" value="741.0">
<elevation id="0EB5B902FFE8FFCDBB68BA1CFA6E2E6E" box="[1358,1433,332,356]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.409999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" unit="m" value="741.0">741 m</elevation>
</quantity>
:
<specimenCount id="939E95B8FFE8FFCDBEB1BA3FFF312E8D" box="[151,198,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="male">6 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="939E95B8FFE8FFCDBEF0BA20FEF42E8D" box="[214,259,368,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="female">9 ♀</specimenCount>
, 2 tritonymphs +
<specimenCount id="939E95B8FFE8FFCDBFFCBA20FD822E82" box="[474,629,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="generic">24 specimens</specimenCount>
(adults and nymphs).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="35F0546CFFE8FFCDBD5BBA3FFD812EDA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3886338307" collectedFrom="under a rock, next to an Acacia tree, in company with the ant Tetramorium caespitum" collectingDate="2011-05-14" elevation="1793" latitude="20.21103" location="W. Turabah" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.288223" municipality="Al Mandaq" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Al Bahah">
<collectingRegion id="475C90D3FFE8FFCDBD5BBA3FFC192E82" box="[893,1006,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Al Bahah</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="804708EAFFE8FFCDBDDBBA20FB722E82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D31EF27FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFB282B5D:804708EAFFE8FFCDBDDBBA20FB722E82" box="[1021,1157,367,392]" latitude="20.21103" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.288223" municipality="Al Mandaq" name="W. Turabah" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" stateProvince="Al Bahah">W. Turabah</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6543C44BFFE8FFCDBAB2BA3FFAEE2E82" box="[1172,1305,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Al Mandaq</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="F12678F1FFE8FFCDBB0EBA20FA602E82" box="[1320,1431,368,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" value="2011-05-14">
<collectingDate id="E1628119FFE8FFCDBB0EBA20FA602E82" box="[1320,1431,368,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" value="2011-05-14">14.v.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBEB1BAC4FEC32EA7" box="[151,308,404,429]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="39.7" value="20.21103">20°12′39.7″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBF60BAC4FE172EA7" box="[326,480,404,429]" degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="17.6" value="41.288223">41°17′17.6″E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFE8FFCDBFD4BAC4FDB32EA6" box="[498,580,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.793" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" unit="m" value="1793.0">
<elevation id="0EB5B902FFE8FFCDBFD4BAC4FDB32EA6" box="[498,580,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.793" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" unit="m" value="1793.0">1793m</elevation>
</quantity>
:
<specimenCount id="939E95B8FFE8FFCDBC70BAC4FD702EA6" box="[598,647,404,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectedFrom id="36841DCCFFE8FFCDBCBABAC4FE572EDA" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">
under a rock, next to an
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBDF1BAC4FBD22EA1" box="[983,1061,404,427]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBDF1BAC4FBD22EA1" box="[983,1061,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tree, in company with the ant
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBEB1BAE9FE572EDA" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,416,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitum">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBEB1BAE9FE572EDA" box="[151,416,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Tetramorium caespitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
(
<location id="804708EAFFE8FFCDBF88BAE7FDEE2EDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D31EF27FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFB282B5D:804708EAFFE8FFCDBF88BAE7FDEE2EDA" box="[430,537,439,464]" latitude="20.21103" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.288223" municipality="Al Mandaq" name="Linnaeus" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" stateProvince="Al Bahah">Linnaeus</location>
, 1758)).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="35F0546CFFE8FFCDBC5ABAE7FA6B2EC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3886338303" box="[636,1436,439,464]" collectingDate="2011-05-16" latitude="20.134472" location="Asir Province, W. Jallah" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.342888" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<location id="804708EAFFE8FFCDBC5ABAE7FC7B2EDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D31EF27FFE8FFCDBEB1BB8FFB282B5D:804708EAFFE8FFCDBC5ABAE7FC7B2EDA" box="[636,908,439,464]" latitude="20.134472" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.342888" name="Asir Province, W. Jallah" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Asir Province, W. Jallah</location>
,
<date id="F12678F1FFE8FFCDBDB1BAE7FBF12EDA" box="[919,1030,439,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" value="2011-05-16">
<collectingDate id="E1628119FFE8FFCDBDB1BAE7FBF12EDA" box="[919,1030,439,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" value="2011-05-16">16.v.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBA34BAE7FB422EC5" box="[1042,1205,439,464]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="04.1" value="20.134472">20°08′04.1″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBA99BAE7FA962EC5" box="[1215,1377,439,464]" degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" seconds="34.4" value="41.342888">41°20′34.4″ E</geoCoordinate>
:
<specimenCount id="939E95B8FFE8FFCDBB4DBAE8FA6F2EC5" box="[1387,1432,440,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD820DBAFFE8FFCDBEE1BA8CFB282B5D" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="85275E31FFE8FFCDBEE1BA8CFE012D12" blockId="5.[151,1436,295,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBEE1BA8CFECC2EFF" bold="true" box="[199,315,476,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Remarks.</emphasis>
The specimens listed above exhibit the major characters of this cosmopolitan synanthropic species, as defined by
<bibRefCitation id="E10923C0FFE8FFCDBF15BAAFFE052D12" author="Heurtault" box="[307,498,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" refString="Heurtault, J. (1971) Pseudoscorpions de la region du Tibesti (Sahara meridional). IV. Cheliferidae. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, (2), 42 (4) [1970], 685 - 707." type="journal article" year="1971">Heurtault (1971)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFE8FFCDBEE1B974FBE12DFA" blockId="5.[151,1436,295,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">
<bibRefCitation id="E10923C0FFE8FFCDBEE1B974FE8F2D36" author="Mahnert" box="[199,376,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" refString="Mahnert, V. (1980) Arachnida of Saudi Arabia Pseudoscorpiones. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 2, 32 - 48." type="journal article" year="1980">Mahnert (1980)</bibRefCitation>
described the new species
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBC8FB974FC912D37" box="[681,870,548,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Withiidae" genus="Withius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBC8FB974FC912D37" box="[681,870,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Withius arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from this same area, Dorf Qaraah (Al Qar’a or Al Gar’a Abha, Asir Province,
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFE8FFCDBFDFB918FDAE2D55" box="[505,601,584,608]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBC49B918FD0D2D6A" box="[623,762,584,608]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" value="18.2408">18.24080°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBD29B917FC6F2D6A" box="[783,920,583,608]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="1" value="42.48965">42.48965°E</geoCoordinate>
; Wadi Marba (near the Abha-Jazan road, approximately
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFE8FFCDBF62B93CFE782D8F" box="[324,399,620,645]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" unit="km" value="53.0">53 km</quantity>
from Jazan), Khamis-Mushyat,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBD2DB93CFC7F2D8E" box="[779,904,620,644]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="5" value="17.9">17.9000°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E0AC38F6FFE8FFCDBDB1B93CFBE52D8E" box="[919,1042,620,644]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" precision="5" value="42.3833">42.3833°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFE8FFCDBA07B93CFB832D8F" box="[1057,1140,620,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" unit="m" value="2050.0">2050m</quantity>
). The separation of these species is consistent:
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBFB2B9DFFDA22DA2" box="[404,597,655,680]" class="Arachnida" family="Withiidae" genus="Withius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBFB2B9DFFDA22DA2" box="[404,597,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Withius arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the distal position of trichobothrium
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBA67B9C1FB972DA2" box="[1089,1120,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">est</emphasis>
on the fixed chelal finger, smaller and also slightly more slender pedipalps. The number of setae in the sternal glandular patches in the males is variable in both species.
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBFE0B987FD742DFA" box="[454,643,727,752]" class="Arachnida" family="Withiidae" genus="Withius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBFE0B987FD742DFA" box="[454,643,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Withius arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not collected during this study.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFE8FFCDBEE1B9ACFB282B5D" blockId="5.[151,1436,295,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBEE1B9ACFE1D2C1F" bold="true" box="[199,490,764,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Ecological observations.</emphasis>
In Al Bahah,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBCB1B9ACFCC52C1E" box="[663,818,764,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Withiidae" genus="Withius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBCB1B9ACFCC52C1E" box="[663,818,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Withius piger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected by sifting leaf litter under banana and
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBEB1B871FF222C32" box="[151,213,801,824]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBEB1B871FF222C32" box="[151,213,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Ficus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
trees. Several ant species were found coexisting with this species, including
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBABEB871FEDE2C57" authority="Collingwood" authorityName="Collingwood" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutum">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBABEB871FA6B2C32" box="[1176,1436,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Tetramorium hirsutum</emphasis>
Collingwood
</taxonomicName>
&amp; van Harten, 2005;
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBC3CB815FC302C57" authority="Sharaf &amp; Aldawood" authorityName="Sharaf &amp; Aldawood" box="[538,967,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBC3CB815FD172C57" box="[538,736,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Tapinoma wilsoni</emphasis>
Sharaf &amp; Aldawood
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBDDAB815FA972C56" authority="Emery, 1901" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1901" box="[1020,1376,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lepisiota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusa">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBDDAB815FB412C57" box="[1020,1206,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Lepisiota obtusa</emphasis>
(Emery, 1901)
</taxonomicName>
. This pseudoscorpion was also collected by sifting leaf litter under
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBD57B839FBB42C8A" box="[881,1091,873,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ricinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBD57B839FBB42C8A" box="[881,1091,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Ricinus communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBA5CB837FADF2C8A" box="[1146,1320,871,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
). In Wadi Qonouna, it was collected from beneath a date palm tree,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBD0DB8DCFBFE2CAF" box="[811,1033,908,933]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Phoenix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dactylifera">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBD0DB8DCFBFE2CAF" box="[811,1033,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Phoenix dactylifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBA1FB8DCFB432CAE" box="[1081,1204,908,932]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
), in loose sandy soil with a high moisture content and among roots of small
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBD6EB8FFFBDF2CC2" box="[840,1064,943,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Portulacaceae" genus="Portulaca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleracea">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBD6EB8FFFBDF2CC2" box="[840,1064,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Portulaca oleracea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBA42B8FFFAF42CC2" box="[1124,1283,943,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Portulacaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Portulacaceae</taxonomicName>
) plants. The specimens were in company with
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBC32B885FB912CE6" authority="Sharaf &amp; Aldawood, 2013" authorityName="Sharaf &amp; Aldawood" authorityYear="2013" box="[532,1126,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kondratieffi">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBC32B885FCC02CE7" box="[532,823,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Monomorium kondratieffi</emphasis>
Sharaf &amp; Aldawood, 2013
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBABBB885FEE82B1A" authority="Forel, 1894" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exiguum">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBABBB885FA6B2CE6" box="[1181,1436,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Monomorium exiguum</emphasis>
Forel, 1894
</taxonomicName>
. Other ant species occurring in the area included
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBD7BB8A9FAD32B1A" authority="Jerdon, 1851" authorityName="Jerdon" authorityYear="1851" box="[861,1316,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBD7BB8A9FB852B1A" box="[861,1138,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Monomorium destructor</emphasis>
(Jerdon, 1851)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBB15B8A9FEE92B3E" authority="Forel, 1902" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayri">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBB15B8A9FA6B2B1A" box="[1331,1436,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">M. mayri</emphasis>
Forel, 1902
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBF0ABF4DFD122B3F" authority="Roger, 1857" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1857" box="[300,741,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarium">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBF0ABF4DFDCE2B3F" box="[300,569,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Tetramorium caldarium</emphasis>
(Roger, 1857)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBCD2BF4DFC002B3F" authority="Emery" authorityName="Emery" box="[756,1015,1053,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeiventre">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBCD2BF4DFC552B3E" box="[756,930,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">T. sericeiventre</emphasis>
Emery
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBA23BF4CFF2D2B52" authority="Latreille, 1802" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBA23BF4CFAD42B3F" box="[1029,1315,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
(Latreille, 1802)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBEC0BF6FFD502B52" authority="Mayr, 1904" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1904" box="[230,679,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaegerskioeldi">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBEC0BF6FFDFE2B52" box="[230,521,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Nylanderia jaegerskioeldi</emphasis>
(Mayr, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBC95BF6FFCAD2B52" box="[691,858,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBC95BF6FFCAD2B52" box="[691,858,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Cardiocondyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBDA9BF6FFC042B52" box="[911,1011,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBDA9BF6FFC042B52" box="[911,1011,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Pheidole</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. and
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE8FFCDBA69BF11FB402B52" box="[1103,1207,1089,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lepisiota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE8FFCDBA69BF11FB402B52" box="[1103,1207,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="392">Lepisiota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

121
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<heading id="DE6FE95DFFE9FFCCBEB1B84FFDDF2C32" bold="true" box="[151,552,799,824]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEB1B84FFDDF2C32" bold="true" box="[151,552,799,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEB1B84FFE852C32" bold="true" box="[151,370,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Minniza monticola</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEB1B837FE752C8A" bold="true" box="[151,386,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Material examined.</emphasis>
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,
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found under rocks, near
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; same locality and habitat,
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<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEE1B8FFFECC2CC2" bold="true" box="[199,315,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species seems to be restricted to the southwestern mountains of
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. It was described from Makkah district at altitudes of
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m
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116
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This species was described from three localities in the southwestern mountains of
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and appears to be restricted to this area. It is well characterized by its slender pedipalps and genital morphology.
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<heading id="DE6FE95DFFE9FFCCBEB1BFD7FDA02BAA" bold="true" box="[151,599,1159,1184]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEB1BFD7FDA02BAA" bold="true" box="[151,599,1159,1184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEB1BFD7FE4C2BAA" bold="true" box="[151,443,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Paratemnoides ellingseni</emphasis>
(Beier, 1932)
</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEB1BF9FFE762BE2" bold="true" box="[151,385,1231,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="35F0546CFFE9FFCCBFAFBF9FFEF02A06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3886338301" collectingDate="2011-05-12" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="W. Qonouna" elevation="0" latitude="19.429361" location="Al Urdiyah Government" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.605026" municipality="Al Urdiyah Government" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
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,
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12.V.
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, 353 m,
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:
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(
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).
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CD820DBAFFE9FFCCBEE1BE47FE2C297F" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="85275E31FFE9FFCCBEE1BE47FAAC2A96" blockId="4.[151,1436,1231,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEE1BE47FECC2A3A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1303,1328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is widely distributed in central, southern and eastern Africa and
<collectingCountry id="FD8F1EA1FFE9FFCCBA97BE47FACF2A3A" box="[1201,1336,1303,1328]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E10923C0FFE9FFCCBB6EBE48FF232A5E" author="Harvey" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" refString="Harvey, M. S. (2013) Pseudoscorpions of the World, version 3.0. Western Australian Museum, Perth. Available from: http: // museum. wa. gov. au / catalogues-beta / pseudoscorpions (accessed 1 September 2013)" type="journal article" year="2013">Harvey 2013</bibRefCitation>
). It is recorded for the first time from the Arabian Peninsula, representing an additional element of the Afrotropical fauna in the region. The specimen is characterized by its genital morphology, in agreement with the description and figure in
<bibRefCitation id="E10923C0FFE9FFCCBF96BED4FD962A97" author="Klausen" box="[432,609,1412,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" refString="Klausen, F. E. (2005) The male genitalia of the family Atemnidae (Pseudoscorpiones). Journal of Arachnology, 33, 641 - 662. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1636 / h 03 - 6.1" type="journal article" year="2005">Klausen (2005)</bibRefCitation>
. Additionally, the following characters are diagnostic for this taxon.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFE9FFCCBEE1BEF7FE2C297F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1231,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">
Pedipalps: trochanter 1.7 × longer than broad (
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/
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFE9FFCCBD19BEF8FC512ACA" box="[831,934,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" unit="mm" value="0.27">0.27 mm</quantity>
), femur 2.3× (0.74/0.33), patella 2.0 × (0.77/ 0.39), hand with pedicel 1.8 × (0.87/0.47), chela with pedicel 2.8 × (1.31/0.47) longer than broad, hand with pedicel 1.5 × longer than finger (length
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), finger 1.21 × longer than hand breadth; fixed finger with 30, movable finger with 47 teeth. Leg I: femur 1.3 × longer than deep (0.26/0.20), patella 2.2 × (0.46/0.21), tibia 3.3 × (0.44/0.13), tarsus 4.1 × (0.39/0.09); leg IV: femur+patella 2.8 × (0.78/0.28), tibia 3.6 × (0.60/0.17), tarsus 3.6 × (0.40/0.11) longer than deep.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

378
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<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BEB1B9DEFE3E2DAD" bold="true" box="[151,457,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Pseudochthonius arabicus</emphasis>
Mahnert
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(
<figureCitation id="1DA342B4FFECFFC9BEB9B9E2FEF62DC1" box="[159,257,690,715]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox-0="[187,1405,454,1787]" captionTargetBox-1="[186,1410,193,1912]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[181,1405,447,1790]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[186,1410,193,1914]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp., holotype. a, carapace (most setae fallen off); b, epistome; c, right chelicera; d, left pedipalp, minus chela, dorsal view; e, left chela, lateral view; f, left coxae I and II with details of coxal spines; g, genital opening. Scale units 0.1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Type locality of Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp. a, Map of Saudi Arabia, showing location of site; b, Al Bahah, Al Mukwah Dhi Ayn Archeological Village (type locality), (photograph by M. Abdel-Dayem); c, Habitat (photograph by M. Sharaf)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/227548/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/227549/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BEB1B9AAFE772C19" bold="true" box="[151,384,762,787]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="939E95B8FFECFFC9BD3AB84FFCC62C3C" box="[796,817,799,822]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="E389C6F4FFECFFC9BD66B84FFC612C3D" box="[832,918,799,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">KSMA</collectionCode>
), same data
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CD820DBAFFECFFCABEE1B812FD9A2E82" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" type="description">
<paragraph id="85275E31FFECFFC9BEE1B812FE812BC9" blockId="1.[151,1436,762,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BEE1B812FEAE2C51" bold="true" box="[199,345,834,859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Description.</emphasis>
General coloration yellowish brown, tergites III–VI with a dark median mark. Carapace 1.1 × longer than broad, slightly constricted posteriorly and there reticulated (
<figureCitation id="1DA342B4FFECFFC9BDFAB836FBD52C75" box="[988,1058,870,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionTargetBox="[187,1405,454,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[181,1405,447,1790]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp., holotype. a, carapace (most setae fallen off); b, epistome; c, right chelicera; d, left pedipalp, minus chela, dorsal view; e, left chela, lateral view; f, left coxae I and II with details of coxal spines; g, genital opening. Scale units 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
a); two small eyes with distinct lenses present, about one diameter from anterior margin; epistome (
<figureCitation id="1DA342B4FFECFFC9BDB7B8DAFC242CA9" box="[913,979,906,931]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionTargetBox="[187,1405,454,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[181,1405,447,1790]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp., holotype. a, carapace (most setae fallen off); b, epistome; c, right chelicera; d, left pedipalp, minus chela, dorsal view; e, left chela, lateral view; f, left coxae I and II with details of coxal spines; g, genital opening. Scale units 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
b) broad and dentate; 16 long setae (4 + 1 pair preocular seta/4/4/2/2); tergal chaetotaxy:
<date id="F12678F1FFECFFC9BC9CB8FFFCF12CCD" box="[698,774,943,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">I–IV 4</date>
,
<date id="F12678F1FFECFFC9BD35B8FFFC842CCD" box="[787,883,942,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">VI–IX 6</date>
,
<date id="F12678F1FFECFFC9BD59B8FFFC5C2CCD" box="[895,939,943,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">X 4</date>
,
<date id="F12678F1FFECFFC9BD91B8FFFC1D2CCD" box="[951,1002,942,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">XI 6</date>
(2 tactile setae). Manducatory process acute, with 2 setae; pedipalpal coxa 3 (one discal seta in basal third), coxa
<date id="F12678F1FFECFFC9BA20B883FBD02CE1" box="[1030,1063,979,1003]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">I 3</date>
long setae and one tiny seta on anterior margin + 4–5 dentate (median one apparently smooth) coxal spines in single row,
<date id="F12678F1FFECFFC9BAB5B8A7FB4C2B05" box="[1171,1211,1015,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">II 4</date>
setae + 5–6 dentate (median one apparently smooth) coxal spines (
<figureCitation id="1DA342B4FFECFFC9BC82BF4AFD102B39" box="[676,743,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionTargetBox="[187,1405,454,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[181,1405,447,1790]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp., holotype. a, carapace (most setae fallen off); b, epistome; c, right chelicera; d, left pedipalp, minus chela, dorsal view; e, left chela, lateral view; f, left coxae I and II with details of coxal spines; g, genital opening. Scale units 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
f),
<date id="F12678F1FFECFFC9BD29BF4BFCB72B38" box="[783,832,1051,1074]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">III 7</date>
setae,
<date id="F12678F1FFECFFC9BDA8BF4BFC362B39" box="[910,961,1051,1075]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">IV 8</date>
setae, intercoxal tubercle absent. Anterior genital operculum of ♂ (not observable in ♀) with 9 marginal and discal setae, genital opening of ♂ slit-like triangular (
<figureCitation id="1DA342B4FFECFFC9BF33BF32FEA72B71" box="[277,336,1122,1147]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionTargetBox="[187,1405,454,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[181,1405,447,1790]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp., holotype. a, carapace (most setae fallen off); b, epistome; c, right chelicera; d, left pedipalp, minus chela, dorsal view; e, left chela, lateral view; f, left coxae I and II with details of coxal spines; g, genital opening. Scale units 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
Fig.
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFECFFC9BF60BF32FEA72B71" box="[326,336,1122,1147]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" unit="g" value="1.0">1</quantity>
</figureCitation>
g), with 7–8 unmodified marginal setae on each side; sternal chaetotaxy III–XI (♂): 8 + 3 pairs suprastigmal setae/8 + 3 pairs suprastigmal setae/9 (2 lateral setae on each side tiny)/8 (lateral setae tiny)/8 (lateral setae short)/8/8/9/0.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFECFFC9BEE1BF9EFDB12A59" blockId="1.[151,1436,762,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
Chelicera (
<figureCitation id="1DA342B4FFECFFC9BF65BF9EFE7F2BED" box="[323,392,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionTargetBox="[187,1405,454,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[181,1405,447,1790]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp., holotype. a, carapace (most setae fallen off); b, epistome; c, right chelicera; d, left pedipalp, minus chela, dorsal view; e, left chela, lateral view; f, left coxae I and II with details of coxal spines; g, genital opening. Scale units 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
c): hand with 4 long and 2–3 shorter, basal, accessory setae, fixed finger with 10–11 acute teeth, movable finger with 11–14 small acute teeth and one slightly isolated distal tooth; subgaleal seta in basal third of movable finger; galea tubercle-like (slightly larger in ♀ than in ♂), serrula exterior 14–17 lamellae, rallum with about 9 setae with long denticles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFECFFC9BEE1BE0EFF2D290C" blockId="1.[151,1436,762,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
Pedipalps (
<figureCitation id="1DA342B4FFECFFC9BF65BE0EFE712A7D" box="[323,390,1374,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionTargetBox="[187,1405,454,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[181,1405,447,1790]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp., holotype. a, carapace (most setae fallen off); b, epistome; c, right chelicera; d, left pedipalp, minus chela, dorsal view; e, left chela, lateral view; f, left coxae I and II with details of coxal spines; g, genital opening. Scale units 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
d, e): trochanter 1.6 (♀ 1.6) × longer than broad, femur 4.9 (♀ 5.0) ×, patella 2.3 (♀ 2.2) × longer than broad, hand 2.0 (♀ 1.9) ×, chela 6.4 (♀ 6.2) × longer than deep, fixed finger 2.2 (♀ 2.3) × longer than hand; fixed finger with 33–35 acute, erect teeth, in distal half, of alternating length and in saw-like arrangement, movable finger shorter than the fixed one, with 37–39 low retrorse teeth; trichobothrium
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BA52BE9CFB782AE9" box="[1140,1167,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">ist</emphasis>
twice nearer to
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BB66BE9AFA922AE9" box="[1344,1381,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">esb</emphasis>
than to
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BE92BEBFFF2D290C" box="[180,218,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">est.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFECFFC9BEE1BD43FB802979" blockId="1.[151,1436,762,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Leg I: femur 5.1 (♀ 4.8.) × longer than deep and 1.6 × longer than patella, patella 3.4 (♀ 3.7) ×, tibia 5.0 (♀ 4.4) ×, tarsus 9.9 (♀ 9.4) × longer than deep; leg IV: femur+patella 2.4 (2.4) ×, tibia 4.0 (♀ 4.1) ×, basitarsus 3.1 (♀ 3.2) ×, telotarsus 9.9 × (♀: broken) longer than deep and 1.5 × longer than basitarsus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFECFFC9BEE1BD2FFCFA2841" blockId="1.[151,1436,762,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Measurements of ♂ (♀) in mm: Total length 1.27 (1.91). Carapace (length/breadth) 0.44/0.40 (0.48/0.44). Pedipalps (length/breadth): trochanter 0.17/0.11 (0.19/0.12), femur 0.55/0.11 (0.61/0.12), patella 0.23/0.10 (0.25/ 0.12), hand length/depth 0.24/0.12 (0.26/0.14), length of fixed finger 0.54 (0.59), of movable finger 0.50 (0.53), of chela 0.77 (0.85). Leg I (length/depth): femur 0.30/0.06 (0.32/0.07), patella 0.19/0.05 (0.20/0.05), tibia 0.19/0.04 (0.17/0.04), tarsus 0.31/0.03 (0.31/0.03); leg IV: femur+patella 0.49/0.21 (0.50/0.21), tibia 0.31/0.08 (0.32/0.08), basitarsus 0.17/0.06 (0.18/0.06), telotarsus 0.33/0.03 (-).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFECFFCABEE1BC06FADF2E4A" blockId="1.[151,1436,762,2011]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BEE1BC06FECA2865" bold="true" box="[199,317,1878,1903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Affinities.</emphasis>
The known geographical distribution of the 29 species of
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFECFFC9BDECBC06FAD32865" authority="Balzan, 1892" authorityName="Balzan" authorityYear="1892" box="[970,1316,1878,1903]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BDECBC06FB7E2865" box="[970,1161,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Pseudochthonius</emphasis>
Balzan, 1892
</taxonomicName>
(28 extant and one fossil species) was previously restricted to sub-Saharan Africa and South
<collectingCountry id="FD8F1EA1FFECFFC9BA1ABC2AFB6B2899" box="[1084,1180,1914,1939]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">America</collectingCountry>
north to
<collectingCountry id="FD8F1EA1FFECFFC9BB23BC2AFAA92899" box="[1285,1374,1914,1939]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. Five species have been reported from Africa, and the new species seems to be morphologically similar to those from central and eastern Africa. Whereas trichobothrium
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BCC1BC94FCF528D1" box="[743,770,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">ist</emphasis>
is approximately halfway between
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BABFBC92FB4928D1" box="[1177,1214,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">esb</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BADFBC94FAEF28D1" box="[1273,1304,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">est</emphasis>
in
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFECFFCABB19BC94FEC32FBA" authority="Vachon, 1941" authorityName="Vachon" authorityYear="1941" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="389" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="1" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="billae">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFECFFC9BB19BC94FA6B28D1" box="[1343,1436,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="388">P. billae</emphasis>
Vachon, 1941
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="FD8F1EA1FFEFFFCABF63BBC8FE382FBA" box="[325,463,152,176]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
) and
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABC35BBC9FC912FBA" authority="Beier, 1959" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1959" box="[531,870,151,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABC35BBC9FD8A2FBA" box="[531,637,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">P. leleupi</emphasis>
Beier, 1959 (
<collectingCountry id="FD8F1EA1FFEFFFCABD38BBC8FCA92FBA" box="[798,862,152,176]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Zaïre</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABD52BBC9FC782FBA" box="[884,911,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">ist</emphasis>
originates&gt;2× closer to
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABA93BBC7FB2D2FBA" box="[1205,1242,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">esb</emphasis>
than to
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABB18BBC9FAAA2FBA" box="[1342,1373,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">est</emphasis>
in
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABBA1BBC9FE2A2FDE" authority="Beier, 1959" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1959" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="congicus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABBA1BBC9FF0C2FDE" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">P. congicus</emphasis>
Beier, 1959 (
<collectingCountry id="FD8F1EA1FFEFFFCABFB1BBECFE222FDE" box="[407,469,188,212]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Zaïre</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABC31BBEDFC602FDE" authority="Mahnert, 1986" authorityName="Mahnert" authorityYear="1986" box="[535,919,188,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perreti">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABC31BBEDFD882FDE" box="[535,639,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">P. perreti</emphasis>
Mahnert, 1986 (
<collectingCountry id="FD8F1EA1FFEFFFCABD66BBECFC782FDE" box="[832,911,188,212]" name="Kenya" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Kenya</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABD82BBECFB392FDF" box="[932,1230,188,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABD82BBECFB392FDF" box="[932,1230,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Pseudochthonius arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguishable from the latter two species by its much larger size (chela length
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFEFFFCABD7BBB8FFBF62FFD" box="[861,1025,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="0.81" valueMax="0.85" valueMin="0.77">0.77–0.85 mm</quantity>
, versus
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFEFFFCABA7CBBB0FB492FFD" box="[1114,1214,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="0.38">0.38 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABAC6BBB1FAB02FF2" box="[1248,1351,224,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perreti">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABAC6BBB1FB192FF2" box="[1248,1262,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABADABBB1FAB02FF2" box="[1276,1351,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">perreti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<quantity id="4260F3D4FFEFFFCABB4DBB8FFF342E16" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="0.53">0.53 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABECEBA55FE9E2E16" box="[232,361,261,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="congicus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABECEBA55FF012E16" box="[232,246,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABF23BA55FE9E2E16" box="[261,361,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">congicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Furthermore it differs from
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABC9DBA55FCCB2E16" box="[699,828,261,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="congicus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABC9DBA55FD3E2E16" box="[699,713,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABCFEBA55FCCB2E16" box="[728,828,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">congicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a distinct epistome (lacking in
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABB34BA55FA642E16" box="[1298,1427,261,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="congicus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABB34BA55FAD72E16" box="[1298,1312,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABB09BA55FA642E16" box="[1327,1427,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">congicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and from
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABF22BA79FE9C2E4A" box="[260,363,296,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perreti">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABF22BA79FEE52E4A" box="[260,274,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABF06BA79FE9C2E4A" box="[288,363,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">perreti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of distinct, lensed eyes (eyes indistinct, without lenses, in
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABA97BA79FAEF2E4A" box="[1201,1304,296,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perreti">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABA97BA79FB482E4A" box="[1201,1215,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABAEBBA79FAEF2E4A" box="[1229,1304,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">perreti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFEFFFCABEE1BA1CFD9A2E82" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">The presence of this genus in the southwestern mountains of the Arabian Peninsula confirms the affinity of this region with the Afrotropical faunal realm.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="D1E70EB9FFEFFFCABEB1BC46FDD42860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227548/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" targetBox="[187,1405,454,1787]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="85275E31FFEFFFCABEB1BC46FDD42860" blockId="2.[151,1436,1814,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABEB1BC46FEE12826" bold="true" box="[151,278,1814,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEFFFCABF06BC46FD672826" authority="Mahnert" authorityName="Mahnert" box="[288,656,1814,1836]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABF06BC46FDC72826" box="[288,560,1814,1836]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">Pseudochthonius arabicus</emphasis>
Mahnert
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEFFFCABCBFBC47FD212826" bold="true" box="[665,726,1815,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF3F58FFEFFFCABCBFBC47FD212826" box="[665,726,1815,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="389" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype. a, carapace (most setae fallen off); b, epistome; c, right chelicera; d, left pedipalp, minus chela, dorsal view; e, left chela, lateral view; f, left coxae I and II with details of coxal spines; g, genital opening. Scale units 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D1E70EB9FFEEFFCBBEB1BCC3FEDC28EC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227549/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" targetBox="[186,1410,193,1912]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="85275E31FFEEFFCBBEB1BCC3FEDC28EC" blockId="3.[151,1435,1939,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEEFFCBBEB1BCC3FEE528A2" bold="true" box="[151,274,1939,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Type locality of
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFEEFFCBBFE6BCC3FCDF28A3" authority="Mahnert" authorityName="Mahnert" box="[448,808,1939,1961]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEEFFCBBFE6BCC3FD3B28A3" box="[448,716,1939,1961]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Pseudochthonius arabicus</emphasis>
Mahnert
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFEEFFCBBD09BCC4FC9F28A3" bold="true" box="[815,872,1940,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACDF3F58FFEEFFCBBD09BCC4FC9F28A3" box="[815,872,1940,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
a, Map of Saudi Arabia, showing location of site; b, Al Bahah, Al Mukwah Dhi Ayn Archeological Village (type locality), (photograph by M. Abdel-Dayem); c, Habitat (photograph by M. Sharaf).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="CD820DBAFFE9FFCCBEE1BBC7FD2B2D8E" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="85275E31FFE9FFCCBEE1BBC7FDD52E4A" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEE1BBC7FECC2FBA" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Remarks.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="5A23E093FFE9FFCCBF5DBBC8FE5C2FBA" box="[379,427,152,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">type</typeStatus>
locality (
<figureCitation id="1DA342B4FFE9FFCCBC3DBBC7FD962FBA" box="[539,609,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox="[186,1410,193,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[186,1410,193,1914]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type locality of Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp. a, Map of Saudi Arabia, showing location of site; b, Al Bahah, Al Mukwah Dhi Ayn Archeological Village (type locality), (photograph by M. Abdel-Dayem); c, Habitat (photograph by M. Sharaf)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227549/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a, b) is a national archaeological site that is completely surrounded by mountains. It forms part of the upper Tihama Territory, belonging to Al Bahah Province. The locality has a high diversity of native vegetation, but numerous fruits are cultivated (e.g. banana, date palm and
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBAECBBB1FAFF2FF2" box="[1226,1288,225,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBAECBBB1FAFF2FF2" box="[1226,1288,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Ficus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), along with alfalfa, and lemon orchards have been planted. There are several permanent drainages and localized soil moisture is higher than in surrounding regions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85275E31FFE9FFCCBEE1BA1CFD2B2D8E" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">
The
<typeStatus id="5A23E093FFE9FFCCBEDDBA1CFEAA2E6F" box="[251,349,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male of
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBFE0BA1DFDB12E6F" box="[454,582,332,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBFE0BA1DFDB12E6F" box="[454,582,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">P. arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found under a stone next to a large, older
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBA41BA1DFB522E6E" box="[1127,1189,333,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBA41BA1DFB522E6E" box="[1127,1189,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Ficus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tree, close to a small stream that is part of an agricultural irrigation ditch system (
<figureCitation id="1DA342B4FFE9FFCCBD6BBA3FFC652E82" box="[845,914,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1939,1961]" captionTargetBox="[186,1410,193,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[186,1410,193,1914]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type locality of Pseudochthonius arabicus Mahnert n. sp. a, Map of Saudi Arabia, showing location of site; b, Al Bahah, Al Mukwah Dhi Ayn Archeological Village (type locality), (photograph by M. Abdel-Dayem); c, Habitat (photograph by M. Sharaf)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227549/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
c). Two ant (
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBA08BA3FFB462E82" box="[1070,1201,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
) species were found with the new pseudoscorpion:
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBFD1BAC4FC632EA6" authority="Nylander, 1849" authorityName="Nylander" authorityYear="1849" box="[503,916,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBFD1BAC4FD3E2EA7" box="[503,713,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Pheidole pallidula</emphasis>
(Nylander, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBDF6BAC5FA6F2EA6" authority="Emery, 1877" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1877" box="[976,1432,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeiventre">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBDF6BAC5FB0C2EA6" box="[976,1275,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Tetramorium sericeiventre</emphasis>
Emery, 1877
</taxonomicName>
. Additionally, several other myrmecophilous arthropods were collected in the same area, including:
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBEB1BA8CFD622EFE" authority="Hlavac, 2013" authorityName="Hlavac" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,661,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Centrophthalmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilissimus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEB1BA8CFE042EFF" box="[151,499,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Centrophthalmus subtilissimus</emphasis>
Hlaváč, 2013
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBC80BA8CFCD02EFF" box="[678,807,476,501]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBD12BA8CFC482EFF" box="[820,959,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pselaphinae">Pselaphinae</taxonomicName>
);
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBDF3BA8CFA842EFE" authority="Assing, 2013" authorityName="Assing" authorityYear="2013" box="[981,1395,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Pinophilinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBDF3BA8CFB382EFE" box="[981,1231,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Pinophilinus spinosus</emphasis>
Assing, 2013
</taxonomicName>
; an undescribed
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBF09BAAFFE5D2D12" box="[303,426,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Peltodonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBF09BAAFFE5D2D12" box="[303,426,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Peltodonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBFD4BAAFFD842D12" box="[498,627,511,536]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBCA1BAAFFCD52D12" box="[647,802,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName>
) and unidentified species of the family
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBB07BAAFFEDF2D37" authority="(Coleoptera)" baseAuthorityName="Coleoptera" class="Insecta" family="Anthicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Anthicidae (Coleoptera)</taxonomicName>
. The
<typeStatus id="5A23E093FFE9FFCCBF48B975FE392D37" box="[366,462,549,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
female was collected by sifting leaf litter under banana in company with the ants
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBEB1B917FD112D6A" authority="Collingwood &amp; Van Harten, 2001" authorityName="Collingwood &amp; Van Harten" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,742,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Carebara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabica">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBEB1B917FE962D6A" box="[151,353,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Carebara arabica</emphasis>
Collingwood &amp; Van Harten, 2001
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBCD7B919FB1D2D6A" authority="Sharaf &amp; Aldawood, 2012" authorityName="Sharaf &amp; Aldawood" authorityYear="2012" box="[753,1258,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBCD7B919FC4F2D6A" box="[753,952,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Tapinoma wilsoni</emphasis>
Sharaf &amp; Aldawood, 2012
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBAD3B917FE9A2D8E" authority="Forel, 1881" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBAD3B917FF142D8E" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Cardiocondyla emeryi</emphasis>
Forel, 1881
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBF5FB93DFDF22D8E" box="[377,517,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBF5FB93DFDF22D8E" box="[377,517,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Hypoponera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. and
<taxonomicName id="429825B2FFE9FFCCBC44B93DFD422D8E" box="[610,693,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Messor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7EC8223FFE9FFCCBC44B93DFD422D8E" box="[610,693,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="391">Messor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>