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<mods:title id="EFF0C5A37165B968D5EF72D396F202EB">Revision of the Afrotropical species of Pareumenes de Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)</mods:title>
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Subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FEF9FACEB0011673" authority="de Saussure, 1869" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[279,618,1343,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nortonia">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FEF9FACEB3EF1670" bold="true" box="[279,388,1344,1370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Nortonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845208D60FE62FACEB0011673" author="de Saussure, H." box="[396,618,1343,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" pagination="53 - 64" refId="ref13575" refString="de Saussure, H. (1869) Hymenopteres divers du musee Godeffroy. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 30, 53-64." type="journal article" year="1869">de Saussure, 1869</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="EC4436C945208D60FF79FA0BB04D16B7" blockId="5.[151,1436,1412,1498]" box="[151,550,1412,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845208D60FF79FA0BB3B216B6" author="de Saussure, H." box="[151,473,1412,1436]" page="53" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" year="1869">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FF79FA0BB3B216B6" ID-CoL="64WQ" authority="de Saussure, 1869: 53" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,473,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Nortonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FF79FA0BB29816B6" box="[151,243,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Nortonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845208D60FF17FA0AB3B216B6" author="de Saussure, H." box="[249,473,1412,1436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" pagination="53 - 64" refId="ref13575" refString="de Saussure, H. (1869) Hymenopteres divers du musee Godeffroy. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 30, 53-64." type="journal article" year="1869">de Saussure, 1869: 53</bibRefCitation>
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, genus.
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<typeStatus id="3340886B45208D60FDC5FA0BB03616B7" box="[555,605,1413,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Type</typeStatus>
species:
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FD54FA0AB1F016B6" box="[698,923,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Odynerus intermedius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845208D60FC4FFA0AB63016B6" author="de Saussure, H. &amp; Cherbuliez, J. &amp; Masson, V." box="[929,1115,1412,1436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" pagination="11 - 13" refId="ref13402" refString="de Saussure, H. (1852 - 1853) Etudes sur la Famille des Vespides 1. Monographie des Guepes solitaires ou de la tribu des Eumeniens. Cherbuliez, J., Geneve and Masson, V., Paris, xlx + 286 pp., 22 pls. [pp. 1 - 128, pls. 2 - 5 + 7 + 10 + 14 (1852), pp. i - xlx + 129 - 286, pls. 1 + 6 + 8 + 9 + 11-13 + 15 - 22 (1853), dates of publication after Griffin 1939]" type="book chapter" year="1852">de Saussure, 1852</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation.
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<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FF79FA2DB0431691" authority="Gusenleitner, 2020: 221" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityPageNumber="221" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,552,1443,1467]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Afrorhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FF79FA2DB3441691" box="[151,303,1443,1467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Afrorhynchium</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845208D60FEDBFA2DB0431691" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[309,552,1443,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" pagination="221 - 222" refId="ref14340" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2020) Afrorhynchium dathei n. gen. et n. sp. aus Sudafrika (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 64 (3), 221-222." type="journal article" year="2020">Gusenleitner, 2020: 221</bibRefCitation>
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, genus.
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<typeStatus id="3340886B45208D60FD97FA2DB0C01691" box="[633,683,1443,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Type</typeStatus>
species:
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<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FCE9FA2DB1F41691" box="[775,927,1443,1467]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Afrorhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Afrorhynchium</taxonomicName>
dathei
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<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845208D60FC07FA2DB6C11691" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[1001,1194,1443,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" pagination="221 - 222" refId="ref14340" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2020) Afrorhynchium dathei n. gen. et n. sp. aus Sudafrika (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 64 (3), 221-222." type="journal article" year="2020">Gusenleitner, 2020</bibRefCitation>
, by original designation and monotypy.
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FE8AFA4FB3AE16F0" bold="true" box="[356,453,1473,1498]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="A4E1654245208D60FF79F986B1BE1434" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945208D60FF79F986B1BE1434" blockId="5.[151,1436,1544,1822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FF79F986B28A1508" bold="true" box="[151,225,1544,1570]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Notes.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845208D60FF05F986B3A41508" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[235,463,1544,1570]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" pagination="221 - 222" refId="ref14340" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2020) Afrorhynchium dathei n. gen. et n. sp. aus Sudafrika (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 64 (3), 221-222." type="journal article" year="2020">Gusenleitner (2020)</bibRefCitation>
described the monotypic genus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FCA8F986B1851508" box="[838,1006,1544,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Afrorhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FCA8F986B1851508" box="[838,1006,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Afrorhynchium</emphasis>
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providing the impunctate dorsal side of the mesosoma and the longitudinally ridged S2 as diagnostic characters, in addition to the characters of the species. These two characters considered as diagnostic of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FCDCF9DEB1B11540" box="[818,986,1616,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Afrorhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FCDCF9DEB1B11540" box="[818,986,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Afrorhynchium</emphasis>
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are in fact observed in other genera of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FF79F9FAB37315A4" box="[151,280,1652,1678]" family="Eumeninae" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" rank="family">Eumeninae</taxonomicName>
, either combined or separately; in particular, all the species of the subgenus
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FBA0F9FAB60815A7" box="[1102,1123,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FB9EF9FAB6BE15A7" ID-CoL="64WQ" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[1136,1237,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Nortonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FB9EF9FAB6BE15A7" box="[1136,1237,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Nortonia</emphasis>
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) show a variously developed ridge on S2, and the species occurring in the Afrotropical region (including the Arabian Peninsula) are all characterized by the mostly impunctate mesosoma. Comparison of the description and some pictures of the
<typeStatus id="3340886B45208D60FAD4F932B7F715FC" box="[1338,1436,1724,1750]" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FF59F96EB3C515D0" box="[183,430,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FF59F96EB33415D0" box="[183,351,1760,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Afrorhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Afrorhynchium</taxonomicName>
dathei
</emphasis>
with several species of
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FD2CF96EB0B315D3" box="[706,728,1760,1785]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FD07F96EB12515D3" ID-CoL="64WQ" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[745,846,1760,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Nortonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FD07F96EB12515D3" box="[745,846,1760,1785]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Nortonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) did not allow finding any character supporting the recognition of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45208D60FED2F88AB38F1434" box="[316,484,1796,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Afrorhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45208D60FED2F88AB38F1434" box="[316,484,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="210">Afrorhynchium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a distinct taxon, leading to its synonymy.
</paragraph>
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<mods:number id="399E77F11F8D49F80DA6852987D6AD82">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="5EF6472602F38F340343D18B68DE3E5A">205</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="528131E452EE91D742C229460AC4CF3C">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="D5A86CE93626A59AF8867DE397F02ADB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5B0257BE5EE62DEE2561434538700F8D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="30C9C7C8F9DBAC7DCB7CE1038ACD8E75" type="Zenodo-Dep">14830818</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3C49548316AB57B637D2FFA7284EADE8" type="ZooBank">7B1FD4B9-4280-4B52-91DC-36A7E2D10AAE</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="645287DF45218D61FF79FBF9B3631497" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45218D61FF79FBF9B3631497" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/645287DF45218D61FF79FBF9B3631497" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF79FBF9B64317BB" box="[151,1064,1142,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF79FBF9B64317BB" blockId="4.[151,1064,1142,1205]" box="[151,1064,1142,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<heading id="B70C81A545218D61FF79FBF9B64317BB" bold="true" box="[151,1064,1142,1169]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF79FBF9B64317BB" bold="true" box="[151,1064,1142,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FF79FBF9B1FE17BA" authority="(Gusenleitner, 2002)" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gusenleitner" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[151,917,1142,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufoniger" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF79FBF9B34617BB" bold="true" box="[151,301,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FED0FBF8B06017BB" bold="true" box="[318,523,1142,1169]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FDF3FBF8B0FA17BA" bold="true" box="[541,657,1142,1168]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">rufoniger</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845218D61FD71FBF8B1E617BA" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[671,909,1142,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" pagination="307 - 320" refId="ref14228" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2002) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 34 (1), 307-320." type="journal article" year="2002">Gusenleitner, 2002</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5BC57A045218D61FC4CFBF9B64317BB" box="[930,1064,1143,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF79FB15B280179F" box="[151,235,1179,1205]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="description">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF79FB15B280179F" blockId="4.[151,1064,1142,1205]" box="[151,235,1179,1205]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
(
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45218D61FF71FB15B289179F" box="[159,226,1179,1205]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1191,1215]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[158,1430,181,1167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pareumenes (Brachyparmenes) rufoniger (Gusenleitner), female. A, C, D, holotype. B, paratype. A, habitus and labels. B, head, frontal view. C, mesosoma, posterodorsal view. D, metasoma, dorsal view. Courtesy of OLML, downloaded from ZOBODAT (2024a, 2024b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830826" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830826/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E745218D61FF79FB6EB60917DD" box="[151,1122,1247,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF79FB6EB17B17DD" box="[151,784,1247,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF79FB6EB17B17DD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1247,1333]" box="[151,784,1247,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845218D61FF79FB6EB00317DD" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[151,616,1247,1271]" page="307" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" year="2002">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FF79FB6EB00317DD" ID-CoL="3PSVB" authority="Gusenleitner, 2002: 307" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityPageNumber="307" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,616,1247,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigra">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF79FB6EB30717DD" box="[151,364,1247,1271]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Interzumia rufonigra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845218D61FE9DFB51B00317DD" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[371,616,1247,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" pagination="307 - 320" refId="ref14228" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2002) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 34 (1), 307-320." type="journal article" year="2002">Gusenleitner, 2002: 307</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 317, figs 6, 7,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045218D61FCEAFB51B17B17DD" box="[772,784,1247,1271]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FCFEFB51B60917DD" box="[784,1122,1247,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FCFEFB51B60917DD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1247,1333]" box="[784,1122,1247,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445218D61FCC2FB51B63617DD" box="[812,1117,1247,1271]" collectionCode="WBVI" country="Tanzania" location="Chwaka" municipality="Chwaka" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1">
“
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FCDBFB51B1FC17DD" box="[821,919,1247,1271]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345218D61FC4FFB51B19D17DD" box="[929,1014,1247,1271]" country="Tanzania" name="Chwaka" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Chwaka</collectingMunicipality>
” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45218D61FBE3FB51B63D17DD" box="[1037,1110,1247,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">WBVI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E745218D61FF79FB71B0CF161F" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF79FB71B6D0163C" box="[151,1211,1278,1302]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF79FB71B6D0163C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1247,1333]" box="[151,1211,1278,1302]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845218D61FF79FB71B0EC163C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5388821" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5388821" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[151,647,1278,1302]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1191B2E3C12FF80A09AFB48D0FCFE85" page="523" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" year="2012">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FF79FB71B0EC163C" authority="Gusenleitner, 2012: 523" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityPageNumber="523" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,647,1278,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediator">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF79FB71B311163C" box="[151,378,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Pareumenes mediator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845218D61FE69FB70B0EC163C" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[391,647,1278,1302]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" pagination="523 - 540" refId="ref14261" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2012) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Teil 8. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 44 (1), 523-540." type="journal article" year="2012">Gusenleitner, 2012: 523</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 533, figs 22, 23,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045218D61FCB6FB70B100163F" box="[856,875,1278,1301]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(in subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FBE7FB70B6DE163C" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1987" box="[1033,1205,1278,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FBE7FB70B6DE163C" box="[1033,1205,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FB55FB70B0CF161F" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FB55FB70B0CF161F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1247,1333]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445218D61FB38FB70B051161F" collectionCode="OLML" country="Zambia" location="Zimba" municipality="Zimba" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Southern Province">
“
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FB31FB70B75A163C" box="[1247,1329,1278,1302]" name="Zambia" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Zambia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45218D61FAAFFB70B34F161E" country="Zambia" name="Southern" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Southern Province</collectingRegion>
,
<locationDeviation id="FDF62FEB45218D61FEC0FA93B3E8161E" bearing="90.0" box="[302,387,1308,1333]" distance="10000.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<quantity id="2B039B2C45218D61FEC0FA93B305161E" box="[302,366,1308,1333]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
E
</locationDeviation>
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345218D61FE64FA92B3A4161E" box="[394,463,1308,1332]" country="Zambia" name="Zimba" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" stateProvince="Southern">Zimba</collectingMunicipality>
” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45218D61FE0BFA93B058161F" box="[485,563,1309,1333]" collectionName="Austria, Linz, Oberoesterreichisches Landesmuseum" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">OLML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FDADFA92B0CF161F" bold="true" box="[579,676,1308,1333]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF79FAECB0A6151B" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF79FAECB0A6151B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1378,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF79FAECB3791656" bold="true" box="[151,274,1378,1404]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FDDDFAEDB09A1657" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1987" box="[563,753,1379,1405]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FDDDFAEDB09A1657" box="[563,753,1379,1405]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the short propodeal valvula and the T1 not angled basally, and shares the almost entirely smooth body, the presence of inferior carinae of the propodeum and the short and strongly convex T1 with
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FE32FA25B03016EF" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[476,603,1451,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FE32FA25B03016EF" box="[476,603,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">P. mirificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it is differentiated by the following characters: clypeus longer than wide, tegula with outer margin evenly rounded and posterior lobe right-angled, parategula basally right-angled and with simple apex, T2–T5 entirely black and without translucent apical area, S2 more convex basally than apically and pattern black with dark-red markings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF29F9B4B08E15CF" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF29F9B4B08E15CF" blockId="4.[151,1437,1378,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF29F9B4B3C5157E" bold="true" box="[199,430,1594,1620]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445218D61FE5DF9B4B07815EB" collectingDate="2002-12-26" collectingDateMax="2002-12-26" collectingDateMin="2000-01-28" collectionCode="OLML" collectorName="J. &amp; M. Halada" country="Zambia" determinerName="J. Gusenleitner" location="SOUTHERN PROVINCE" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="SOUTHERN PROVINCE" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FE5DF9B4B10F157F" bold="true" box="[435,868,1594,1621]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<typeStatus id="3340886B45218D61FE5DF9B4B05B157E" box="[435,560,1594,1620]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
OF
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FDB8F9B5B10F157F" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2012" box="[598,868,1595,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediator">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FDB8F9B5B10F157F" bold="true" box="[598,868,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">PAREUMENES MEDIATOR</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045218D61FC9EF9B5B1EE157F" box="[880,901,1595,1621]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, labeled: “HOLOTYPUS [red label] //
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FAC1F9B5B7F7157F" box="[1327,1436,1595,1621]" name="Zambia" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">ZAMBIA</collectingCountry>
/
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45218D61FF47F9D1B3BF1553" box="[169,468,1631,1657]" country="Zambia" name="Southern" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">SOUTHERN PROVINCE</collectingRegion>
/
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</quantity>
E ZIMBA / 24.-
<date id="9845100945218D61FD14F9D1B1151553" box="[762,894,1631,1657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" value="2002-12-26">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145218D61FD14F9D1B1151553" box="[762,894,1631,1657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" value="2002-12-26">26.12.2002</collectingDate>
</date>
/ A. KUDRNA JR. LGT. //
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045218D61FB25F9D1B68B1553" box="[1227,1248,1631,1657]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
//
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FAEDF9D1B7E11553" box="[1283,1418,1631,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pareumenes</taxonomicName>
/ mediator
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5BC57A045218D61FEEEF90DB30415B7" box="[256,367,1667,1693]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" rank="species">nov. spec.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045218D61FE9AF90DB3E215B7" box="[372,393,1667,1693]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/
<determinerName id="1998DA0D45218D61FE72F90DB02B15B7" box="[412,576,1667,1693]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">J.Gusenleitner</determinerName>
,det.2011 / Holotypus // Biologiezentrum Linz, / Austria (LI) / ex Coll.
<collectorName id="410E531F45218D61FAA7F90DB28D15EB" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">J. &amp; M. Halada</collectorName>
/ Eingang 2006” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45218D61FE5FF929B06C15EB" box="[433,519,1703,1729]" collectionName="Austria, Linz, Oberoesterreichisches Landesmuseum" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pp0t-48s3" name="Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="Museum">OLML</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445218D61FDF6F928B08E15CF" collectingDate="2000-01-28" collectingDateMax="2000-01-31" collectingDateMin="2000-01-28" collectionCode="OLML" collectorName="J. Halada" country="South Africa" determinerName="J. Gusenleitner" location="Nat. Res." pageId="4" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FDF6F928B0A715EA" bold="true" box="[536,716,1702,1728]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FDF6F928B0A315EA" box="[536,712,1702,1728]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45218D61FD3CF929B10315EB" box="[722,872,1703,1729]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
,
<locationDeviation id="FDF62FEB45218D61FC9DF929B6EA15EB" box="[883,1153,1703,1729]" location="Alexandria" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<quantity id="2B039B2C45218D61FC9DF929B1D215EB" box="[883,953,1703,1729]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
SE of Alexandria
</locationDeviation>
,
<location id="E924601245218D61FB62F929B69E15EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45218D61FF79FBF9B3631497:E924601245218D61FB62F929B69E15EB" box="[1164,1269,1703,1729]" country="South Africa" name="Nat. Res." pageId="4" pageNumber="209" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Nat. Res.</location>
,
<date id="9845100945218D61FAEEF929B7FC15EB" box="[1280,1431,1703,1729]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" value="2000-01-28" valueMax="2000-01-31" valueMin="2000-01-28">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145218D61FAEEF929B7FC15EB" box="[1280,1431,1703,1729]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" value="2000-01-28" valueMax="2000-01-31" valueMin="2000-01-28">28–31.I.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45218D61FF29F945B35915CF" box="[199,306,1739,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">J. Halada</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045218D61FED0F945B30B15CF" box="[318,352,1739,1765]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45218D61FE81F945B3A815CF" box="[367,451,1739,1765]" collectionName="Austria, Linz, Oberoesterreichisches Landesmuseum" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pp0t-48s3" name="Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="Museum">OLML</collectionCode>
,
<typeStatus id="3340886B45218D61FE20F945B04515CF" box="[462,558,1739,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FDBAF945B0BF15CF" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2012" box="[596,724,1739,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediator">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FDBAF945B0BF15CF" box="[596,724,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">P. mediator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF29F960B6151423" box="[199,1150,1774,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF29F960B6151423" blockId="4.[151,1437,1378,1981]" box="[199,1150,1774,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF29F960B30A1422" bold="true" box="[199,353,1774,1800]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FE89F961B3931423" box="[359,504,1775,1801]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FDEDF961B0001423" box="[515,619,1775,1801]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FD98F961B0A71423" box="[630,716,1775,1801]" name="Zambia" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Zambia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845218D61FD34F961B1C61423" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[730,941,1775,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" pagination="307 - 320" refId="ref14228" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2002) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 34 (1), 307-320." type="journal article" year="2002">Gusenleitner 2002</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845218D61FC56F961B1991423" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[952,1010,1775,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" pagination="523 - 540" refId="ref14261" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2012) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Teil 8. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 44 (1), 523-540." type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45218D61FBE6F961B61B1423" box="[1032,1136,1775,1801]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Fig. 13G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF29F89DB3631497" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF29F89DB3631497" blockId="4.[151,1437,1378,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF29F89DB37A1407" bold="true" box="[199,273,1811,1837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Notes.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="3340886B45218D61FEB6F89DB3D11407" box="[344,442,1811,1837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FE03F89DB08B1407" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" box="[493,736,1811,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigra">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FE03F89DB08B1407" box="[493,736,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Interzumia rufonigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not available for examination, but comparison of its description (
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845218D61FECAF8B9B05A147B" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[292,561,1847,1873]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" pagination="307 - 320" refId="ref14228" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2002) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 34 (1), 307-320." type="journal article" year="2002">Gusenleitner 2002: 317</bibRefCitation>
) with the type series of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FCA4F8B9B62A147B" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2012" box="[842,1089,1847,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediator">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FCA4F8B9B62A147B" box="[842,1089,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Pareumenes mediator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showed a perfect match in all characters (e.g., reduction to absence of sculpture, morphology of clypeus, propodeum, T1 and S1, pattern). For this reason,
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FF01F8F1B38F14B3" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2012" box="[239,484,1919,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediator">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF01F8F1B38F14B3" box="[239,484,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Pareumenes mediator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is synonymized under
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FD04F8F1B1BE14B3" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" box="[746,981,1919,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigra">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FD04F8F1B1BE14B3" box="[746,981,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Interzumia rufonigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in the new combination of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FAFDF8F1B36A1497" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gusenleitner" baseAuthorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufoniger">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FAFDF8F1B36A1497" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Pareumenes rufoniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

161
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<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF79FD01B1891182" box="[151,994,654,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF79FD01B1891182" blockId="4.[151,994,654,717]" box="[151,994,654,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<heading id="B70C81A545218D61FF79FD01B1891182" bold="true" box="[151,994,654,681]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FF79FD01B1891182" ID-CoL="4DLGW" authority="Giordani Soika, 1987" authorityName="Giordani Soika. B, J" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,994,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatissimus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF79FD01B1891182" bold="true" box="[151,994,654,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF79FD01B3461183" bold="true" box="[151,301,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FED0FD00B0601183" bold="true" box="[318,523,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FDF3FD01B0B91183" bold="true" box="[541,722,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">punctatissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845218D61FD37FD00B1891182" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[729,994,654,680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref14059" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117-214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF79FD3DB28711E7" box="[151,236,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="description">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF79FD3DB28711E7" blockId="4.[151,994,654,717]" box="[151,236,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
(
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45218D61FF71FD3DB28811E7" box="[159,227,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1201,1225]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1177]" captionTargetId="figure-16@5.[151,1435,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pareumenes (Brachyparmenes) punctatissimus Giordani Soika, female paratype. A, habitus and labels. B, head, frontal view. C, mesosoma, posterodorsal view. D, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830824/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E745218D61FF79FD7DB3F21003" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF79FD7DB6F61020" box="[151,1181,754,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF79FD7DB6F61020" blockId="4.[151,1437,754,809]" box="[151,1181,754,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845218D61FF79FD7DB0A91020" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,706,754,778]" page="201" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" year="1987">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FF79FD7DB0A91020" ID-CoL="4DLGW" authority="Giordani Soika 1987: 201" authorityName="Giordani Soika. B, J" authorityPageNumber="201" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,706,754,778]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatissimus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF79FD7DB3DA1023" box="[151,433,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Pareumenes punctatissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845218D61FE56FD7CB0A91020" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[440,706,754,778]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref14059" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117-214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika 1987: 201</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 71, 72,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045218D61FCA6FD7CB1301023" box="[840,859,754,777]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(in subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FC04FD7CB6FD1020" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1987" box="[1002,1174,754,778]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FC04FD7CB6FD1020" box="[1002,1174,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FB73FD7CB3F21003" blockId="4.[151,1437,754,809]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
—
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“
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FB2DFD7DB7671020" box="[1219,1292,755,778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FB2DFD7DB76C1020" box="[1219,1287,755,778]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Kenya</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345218D61FAFDFD7CB7F31020" box="[1299,1432,754,778]" country="Kenya" name="Masongaleni" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Masongaleni</collectingMunicipality>
,
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</quantity>
” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45218D61FEC6FC9FB3E51003" box="[296,398,785,809]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">NHMUK</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF79FCD8B0FB1093" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF79FCD8B0FB1093" blockId="4.[151,1437,854,1061]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF79FCD8B379105A" bold="true" box="[151,274,854,880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FDDDFCD9B09A105B" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1987" box="[563,753,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FDDDFCD9B09A105B" box="[563,753,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the short propodeal valvula and the T1 not angled basally, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by densely punctate body, absence of propodeal carinae, and elongate and weakly convex T1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF29FC4CB3E9172B" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF29FC4CB3E9172B" blockId="4.[151,1437,854,1061]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF29FC4CB3DB10F6" bold="true" box="[199,432,962,988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445218D61FE59FC4CB315172B" collectingDate="1911-03-29" collectingDateMax="1911-04-01" collectingDateMin="1911-03-29" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="S. A. Neave" country="Kenya" county="Masongaleni" elevation="914" location="British East Africa" municipality="East Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FE59FC4CB06510F6" bold="true" box="[439,526,962,988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FE59FC4CB06110F6" box="[439,522,962,988]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">KENYA</collectingCountry>
:
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,
<collectingCounty id="05254E4545218D61FD1CFC4DB1ED10F7" box="[754,902,963,989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Masongaleni</collectingCounty>
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, leg.
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,
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(
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A4E1654245218D61FF29FB84B153170F" box="[199,824,1034,1061]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF29FB84B153170F" blockId="4.[151,1437,854,1061]" box="[199,824,1034,1061]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF29FB84B30A170E" bold="true" box="[199,353,1034,1060]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945218D61FE89FB85B3DB170F" box="[359,432,1035,1061]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845218D61FE51FB85B0C0170F" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[447,683,1035,1061]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref14059" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117-214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika 1987</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45218D61FD2DFB85B140170F" box="[707,811,1035,1061]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Fig. 13G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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432
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<paragraph id="EC4436C945238D63FF79FAC1B1401643" blockId="6.[151,811,1359,1421]" box="[151,811,1359,1385]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
<heading id="B70C81A545238D63FF79FAC1B1401643" bold="true" box="[151,811,1359,1385]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45238D63FF79FAC1B1401643" ID-CoL="4DLG9" authority="(von Schulthess, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="von Schulthess" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[151,811,1359,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enslini" subGenus="Nortonia">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FF79FAC1B1401643" bold="true" box="[151,811,1359,1385]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FF79FAC1B3461643" bold="true" box="[151,301,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FED0FAC1B3C01643" bold="true" box="[318,427,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Nortonia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FE53FAC1B0641643" bold="true" box="[445,527,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">enslini</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845238D63FDF3FAC1B1481643" author="von Schulthess, A." box="[541,803,1359,1385]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" pagination="49 - 52" refId="ref14744" refString="von Schulthess, A. (1931) Neue Vespiden (Hym.). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 15 (2), 49-52." type="journal article" year="1931">von Schulthess, 1931</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="EC4436C945238D63FF79FAFDB28016A7" blockId="6.[151,811,1359,1421]" box="[151,235,1395,1421]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
(
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45238D63FF71FAFDB28816A7" box="[159,227,1395,1421]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1975,1999]" captionTargetBox="[176,1410,1029,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-411@7.[176,1410,1029,1952]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). A, habitus of male. B, head of female, frontal view. C, head of male, frontal view. D, mesosoma of female, posterodorsal view. E, metasoma of female, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830830" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830830/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A4E1654245238D63FF79FA3DB03416E0" box="[151,607,1458,1482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945238D63FF79FA3DB03416E0" blockId="6.[151,1436,1458,1544]" box="[151,607,1458,1482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845238D63FF79FA3DB02F16E0" author="von Schulthess, A." box="[151,580,1458,1482]" page="49" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" year="1931">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45238D63FF79FA3DB02F16E0" authority="von Schulthess, 1931: 49" authorityName="von Schulthess" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,580,1458,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Nortonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enslini">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FF79FA3DB35616E0" box="[151,317,1458,1482]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Nortonia enslini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845238D63FEADFA3DB02F16E0" author="von Schulthess, A." box="[323,580,1458,1482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" pagination="49 - 52" refId="ref14744" refString="von Schulthess, A. (1931) Neue Vespiden (Hym.). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 15 (2), 49-52." type="journal article" year="1931">von Schulthess, 1931: 49</bibRefCitation>
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,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FDA0FA3CB03416E0" box="[590,607,1458,1482]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="EC4436C945238D63FDB1FA3CB63616E0" blockId="6.[151,1436,1458,1544]" box="[607,1117,1458,1482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445238D63FD94FA3CB63216E0" box="[634,1113,1458,1482]" collectionCode="ETHZ" country="Palestine" location="Wadi el Kelt nahe Jericho" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="1">
“
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945238D63FD6AFA3CB08F16E0" box="[644,740,1458,1482]" name="Palestine" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Palestina</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="E924601245238D63FD00FA3CB19E16E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45238D62FF79FAC1B10910C7:E924601245238D63FD00FA3CB19E16E0" box="[750,1013,1458,1482]" country="Palestine" name="Wadi el Kelt nahe Jericho" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Wadi el Kelt nahe Jericho</location>
” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45238D63FBE5FA3CB63A16E0" box="[1035,1105,1458,1482]" collectionName="Switzerland, Zurich, Erdgenoessische Technische Hochschule-Zentrum" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">ETHZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A4E1654245238D63FF79FA5CB0AA16C3" box="[151,705,1489,1513]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945238D63FF79FA5CB0AA16C3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1458,1544]" box="[151,705,1489,1513]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845238D63FF79FA5CB01616C3" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,637,1489,1513]" page="115" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" year="1981">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45238D63FF79FA5CB01616C3" ID-CoL="4DLGL" authority="Giordani Soika 1981: 115" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="115" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,637,1489,1513]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FF79FA5CB30B16C3" box="[151,352,1490,1513]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Pareumenes mimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845238D63FE84FA5FB01616C3" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[362,637,1489,1513]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref14019" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1981) Eumenidi raccolti nell'Arabia meridionale da K. Guichard (Hym.). Nota II. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 31, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1981">Giordani Soika 1981: 115</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FD62FA5FB0F416C2" box="[652,671,1489,1512]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FD41FA5FB0AA16C3" box="[687,705,1489,1513]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
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—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445238D63FD33FA5FB73B16C3" box="[733,1360,1489,1513]" collectionCode="NHMUK" location="Ayun Pools" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="701" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="700" stateProvince="Dhofar">
“
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FD09FA5FB15316C3" box="[743,824,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45238D63FD09FA5FB15816C3" box="[743,819,1489,1513]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Dhofar</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FCADFA5FB1E416C2" box="[835,911,1489,1513]" count="700" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="male">
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.
</specimenCount>
,
<location id="E924601245238D63FC72FA5FB67D16C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45238D62FF79FAC1B10910C7:E924601245238D63FC72FA5FB67D16C3" box="[924,1046,1489,1513]" name="Ayun Pools" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Dhofar">Ayun Pools</location>
” (holotype
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FB7BFA5FB6B116C3" box="[1173,1242,1489,1513]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="female">female</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45238D63FB0AFA5FB72216C3" box="[1252,1353,1489,1513]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">NHMUK</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. Junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45238D63FE5DFA7EB15C1522" authority="von Schulthess, 1931" authorityName="von Schulthess" authorityYear="1931" box="[435,823,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Nortonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enslini">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FE5DFA7EB032152D" box="[435,601,1519,1543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Nortonia enslini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845238D63FDB1FA7EB15C1522" author="von Schulthess, A." box="[607,823,1519,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" pagination="49 - 52" refId="ref14744" refString="von Schulthess, A. (1931) Neue Vespiden (Hym.). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 15 (2), 49-52." type="journal article" year="1931">von Schulthess, 1931</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
according to
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845238D63FC2FFA61B6E4152D" author="Guichard, K. M." box="[961,1167,1519,1543]" page="225" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845238D63FC2FFA61B6E4152D" author="Guichard, K. M." box="[961,1167,1519,1543]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" pagination="203 - 229" refId="ref14159" refString="Guichard, K. M. (1986) Wasps of the family Eumenidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 7, 203-229." type="journal article" year="1986">Guichard 1986: 225</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245238D63FF79F9BEB03D1408" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945238D63FF79F9BEB03D1408" blockId="6.[151,1436,1584,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FF79F9BEB3791560" bold="true" box="[151,274,1584,1610]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45238D63FDCAF9BFB0E21560" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[548,649,1585,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nortonia">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FDCAF9BFB0E21560" box="[548,649,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Nortonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the propodeal valvula not markedly exceeding the apex of the propodeum and the bell-shaped, short and basally angled T1, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body with distinct deep punctures on propodeum and metasoma, the short clypeus with apical margin as wide as interantennal space, the strongly convex and bulging vertex and gena, the absence of the pronotal carina, the weakly sinuate lateral carina of propodeum, the basally bulging S2 with a longitudinal ridge reaching the middle of the surface, the red-brown pattern with variable yellow markings, and the longitudinally striate clypeus of female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245238D63FF29F8A2B09C14D0" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945238D63FF29F8A2B09C14D0" blockId="6.[151,1436,1584,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FF29F8A2B3DB146C" bold="true" box="[199,432,1836,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445238D63FE59F8A2B3F51440" collectingDate="1977-10-10" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="K. Guichard" country="Oman" elevation="700" location="Ayun Pools" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Zufar" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FE59F8A2B063146C" bold="true" box="[439,520,1836,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945238D63FE59F8A2B06F146C" box="[439,516,1836,1862]" name="Oman" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">OMAN</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45238D63FDE1F8A2B00B146C" box="[527,608,1836,1862]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Dhofar</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E924601245238D63FD87F8A3B086146C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45238D62FF79FAC1B10910C7:E924601245238D63FD87F8A3B086146C" box="[617,749,1836,1863]" country="Oman" name="Ayun Pools" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Zufar">Ayun Pools</location>
,
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FD16F8A2B12A146D" box="[760,833,1836,1863]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="700.0">
<elevation id="67D6D1FA45238D63FD16F8A2B12A146D" box="[760,833,1836,1863]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="9845100945238D63FCA2F8A2B1AE146C" box="[844,965,1836,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="1977-10-10">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145238D63FCA2F8A2B1AE146C" box="[844,965,1836,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="1977-10-10">10.X.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45238D63FBEFF8A3B6E5146C" box="[1025,1166,1836,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">K. Guichard</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FB77F8A2B6D7146C" box="[1177,1212,1836,1862]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45238D63FB24F8A2B75B146C" box="[1226,1328,1836,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">MSNVE</collectionCode>
,
<typeStatus id="3340886B45238D63FAD2F8A3B7F7146D" box="[1340,1436,1837,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45238D63FF56F8DFB3F81440" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1981" box="[184,403,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FF56F8DFB3F81440" box="[184,403,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Pareumenes mimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445238D63FE43F8DEB3EF14A4" collectingDate="2022-10-10" collectionCode="MSVI" collectorName="J. Dalihod" country="Oman" county="wadi Hanna" elevation="333" location="Hasheer Agher" municipality="Baobab forest" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Zufar" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45238D63FE43F8DEB3951440" box="[429,510,1872,1898]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Dhofar</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="05254E4545238D63FDE5F8DEB0FC1441" box="[523,663,1872,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">wadi Hanna</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345238D63FD4AF8DEB12D1440" box="[676,838,1872,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Baobab forest</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E924601245238D63FCBCF8DEB1971440" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45238D62FF79FAC1B10910C7:E924601245238D63FCBCF8DEB1971440" box="[850,1020,1872,1898]" country="Oman" county="wadi Hanna" municipality="Baobab forest" name="Hasheer Agher" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Zufar">Hasheer Agher</location>
vill.,
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FBAFF8DEB6AF1441" box="[1089,1220,1872,1899]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.325" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="332.5" valueMax="350.0" valueMin="315.0">
<elevation id="67D6D1FA45238D63FBAFF8DEB6AF1441" box="[1089,1220,1872,1899]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.325" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="332.5" valueMax="350.0" valueMin="315.0">315–350 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="9845100945238D63FB3CF8DEB7201440" box="[1234,1355,1872,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2022-10-10">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145238D63FB3CF8DEB7201440" box="[1234,1355,1872,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2022-10-10">10.X.2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45238D63FA64F8DFB29F14A4" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">J. Dalihod</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FF11F8FAB34914A4" box="[255,290,1908,1934]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45238D63FEDEF8FAB31714A4" box="[304,380,1908,1934]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">MSVI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445238D63FE61F8FAB6A214A4" box="[399,1225,1908,1935]" collectingDate="2021-10-06" collectionCode="CSE" collectorName="M. Halada" country="Oman" elevation="45820" location="5 km N Aydam" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Zufar" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45238D63FE61F8FAB38B14A4" box="[399,480,1908,1934]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Dhofar</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E924601245238D63FE04F8FAB0FE14A4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45238D62FF79FAC1B10910C7:E924601245238D63FE04F8FAB0FE14A4" box="[490,661,1908,1935]" country="Oman" name="5 km N Aydam" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Zufar">
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FE04F8FAB04814A4" box="[490,547,1908,1935]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
N Aydam
</location>
, R
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FD5DF8FAB14F14A5" box="[691,804,1908,1935]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.582" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="45820.0">
<elevation id="67D6D1FA45238D63FD5DF8FAB14F14A5" box="[691,804,1908,1935]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.582" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="45820.0">45, 820 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="9845100945238D63FCC1F8FAB1F214A4" box="[815,921,1908,1934]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2021-10-06">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145238D63FCC1F8FAB1F214A4" box="[815,921,1908,1934]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2021-10-06">6.X.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45238D63FC3AF8FBB62714A4" box="[980,1100,1908,1935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">M. Halada</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FBB9F8FAB61214A4" box="[1111,1145,1908,1934]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45238D63FB66F8FAB6AA14A4" box="[1160,1217,1908,1934]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">CSE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445238D63FB3AF8FAB1621498" collectingDate="2023-09-30" collectionCode="CSE" collectorName="M. Halada" country="Oman" elevation="750" location="6 km NW Thalkut" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Zufar" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45238D63FB3AF8FAB74E14A4" box="[1236,1317,1908,1934]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Dhofar</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E924601245238D63FADEF8FAB29A1498" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45238D62FF79FAC1B10910C7:E924601245238D63FADEF8FAB29A1498" country="Oman" name="6 km NW Thalkut" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Zufar">
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FADEF8FAB70314A4" box="[1328,1384,1908,1934]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
NW Thalkut
</location>
,
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FF13F816B32D1499" box="[253,326,1944,1971]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="750.0">
<elevation id="67D6D1FA45238D63FF13F816B32D1499" box="[253,326,1944,1971]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="9845100945238D63FEBCF816B3BE1498" box="[338,469,1944,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2023-09-30">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145238D63FEBCF816B3BE1498" box="[338,469,1944,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2023-09-30">30.IX.2023</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45238D63FDFFF817B0E11498" box="[529,650,1944,1971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">M. Halada</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FD78F816B0D31498" box="[662,696,1944,1970]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45238D63FD26F816B16A1498" box="[712,769,1944,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">CSE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445238D63FCFBF816B3F514FC" collectingDate="2021-10-07" collectionCode="MSVI" collectorName="A. Kudrna" country="Oman" elevation="880" location="90 km W Salalah" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Zufar" typeStatus="paratype">
south
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45238D63FCB7F816B1C11498" box="[857,938,1944,1970]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Dhofar</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E924601245238D63FC58F816B6111498" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45238D62FF79FAC1B10910C7:E924601245238D63FC58F816B6111498" box="[950,1146,1944,1971]" country="Oman" name="90 km W Salalah" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Zufar">
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FC58F816B1961498" box="[950,1021,1944,1970]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="km" value="90.0">90 km</quantity>
W Salalah
</location>
,
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FB68F816B6A41499" box="[1158,1231,1944,1971]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="880.0">
<elevation id="67D6D1FA45238D63FB68F816B6A41499" box="[1158,1231,1944,1971]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="880.0">880 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="9845100945238D63FB35F816B72D1498" box="[1243,1350,1944,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2021-10-07">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145238D63FB35F816B72D1498" box="[1243,1350,1944,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2021-10-07">7.X.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45238D63FA6FF817B28014FC" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">A. Kudrna</collectorName>
jr.,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FEF6F832B35014FC" box="[280,315,1980,2006]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45238D63FEA4F832B3FD14FC" box="[330,406,1980,2006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">MSVI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445238D63FE44F832B77A14FC" box="[426,1297,1980,2007]" collectingDate="2021-10-07" collectionCode="CSE" collectorName="M. Halada" country="Oman" elevation="900" location="90 km W Salalah" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Zufar" typeStatus="paratype">
south
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45238D63FE00F832B05414FC" box="[494,575,1980,2006]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Dhofar</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E924601245238D63FDA5F832B16414FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45238D62FF79FAC1B10910C7:E924601245238D63FDA5F832B16414FC" box="[587,783,1980,2007]" country="Oman" name="90 km W Salalah" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Zufar">
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FDA5F832B0F914FC" box="[587,658,1980,2006]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="km" value="90.0">90 km</quantity>
W Salalah
</location>
,
<quantity id="2B039B2C45238D63FCF5F832B10E14FD" box="[795,869,1980,2007]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="900.0">
<elevation id="67D6D1FA45238D63FCF5F832B10E14FD" box="[795,869,1980,2007]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="9845100945238D63FC9FF832B1B714FC" box="[881,988,1980,2006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2021-10-07">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145238D63FC9FF832B1B714FC" box="[881,988,1980,2006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="2021-10-07">7.X.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45238D63FBF6F833B6F914FC" box="[1048,1170,1980,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">M. Halada</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FB70F832B6AA14FC" box="[1182,1217,1980,2006]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45238D63FB3EF832B76214FC" box="[1232,1289,1980,2006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">CSE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445238D63FAF3F832B09814D0" collectingDate="1934-04-19" collectingDateMax="1934-04-26" collectingDateMin="1934-04-19" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="Enslin" country="Palestine" location="Wadi Kelt" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45238D63FAF3F832B7F714FC" bold="true" box="[1309,1436,1980,2006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945238D63FAF3F832B7F214FC" box="[1309,1433,1980,2006]" name="Palestine" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">PALESTINE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="E924601245238D63FF79F86EB36714D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45238D62FF79FAC1B10910C7:E924601245238D63FF79F86EB36714D0" box="[151,268,2016,2042]" country="Palestine" name="Wadi Kelt" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Wadi Kelt</location>
,
<date id="9845100945238D63FEF9F86EB3D414D0" box="[279,447,2016,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="1934-04-19" valueMax="1934-04-26" valueMin="1934-04-19">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145238D63FEF9F86EB3D414D0" box="[279,447,2016,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" value="1934-04-19" valueMax="1934-04-26" valueMin="1934-04-19">19–26.IV.1934</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45238D63FE15F86EB02E14D0" box="[507,581,2016,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">Enslin</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045238D63FDBFF86EB01814D0" box="[593,627,2016,2042]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="211" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45238D63FD6CF86EB08014D0" box="[642,747,2016,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="211">MSNVE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245228D62FF29FF18B15D13FF" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945228D62FF29FF18B15D13FF" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FF29FF18B30A139A" bold="true" box="[199,353,150,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945228D62FE89FF19B3C6139B" box="[359,429,151,177]" name="Egypt" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945228D62FE59FF19B393139B" box="[439,504,151,177]" name="Israel" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Israel</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945228D62FDECFF19B022139B" box="[514,585,151,177]" name="Oman" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Oman</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945228D62FDBAFF19B0D7139B" box="[596,700,151,177]" name="Palestine" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Palestine</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945228D62FD29FF19B13C139B" box="[711,855,151,177]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FC8BFF19B63B139B" author="von Schulthess, A." box="[869,1104,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="49 - 52" refId="ref14744" refString="von Schulthess, A. (1931) Neue Vespiden (Hym.). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 15 (2), 49-52." type="journal article" year="1931">von Schulthess 1931</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FBB2FF19B72D139B" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[1116,1350,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref13697" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1938) Le specie del sottogenere Nortonia Sauss. (Hym. Vespidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 60, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1938">Giordani Soika 1938</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FABFFF18B7F3139B" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[1361,1432,150,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="5 - 62" refId="ref13810" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1952 a) Sulle caratteristiche biogeografiche della Palestina, Arabia ed Egitto, con un contributo alla conoscenza degli Zethini ed Eumenini della Palestina. Bollettino della Societa Veneziana di Storia Naturale, 6 (1), 5-62." type="journal article" year="1952">
1952
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FA65FF18B7F3139B" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[1419,1432,150,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="27 - 183" refId="ref13891" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1970) Contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi del Medio Oriente. Missione Giordani Soika in Iran 1965, III. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 20 / 21, 27-183." type="journal article" year="1970">a</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, 1970,
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;
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FECAFF35B3A513FF" author="Guichard, K. M." box="[292,462,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="203 - 229" refId="ref14159" refString="Guichard, K. M. (1986) Wasps of the family Eumenidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 7, 203-229." type="journal article" year="1986">Guichard 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FE34FF35B0C213FF" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[474,681,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="137 - 150" refId="ref14194" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (1997) Uber einige Vespoidea das Nahen Ostens (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae, Masaridae). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 29 (1), 137-150." type="journal article" year="1997">Gusenleitner 1997</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45228D62FD2FFF35B14313FF" box="[705,808,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Fig. 13G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245228D62FF29FF51B10910C7" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945228D62FF29FF51B32612FB" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FF29FF51B37A13D3" bold="true" box="[199,273,223,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Notes.</emphasis>
This species is found only at the edge of the Afrotropical region, being found in the southern areas of the Arabian Peninsula, while most of its range is found in the Palaearctic region. However, it is included in the present revision due to its clear affinities with the strictly Afrotropical species of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45228D62FB91FEA9B68F126A" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[1151,1252,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nortonia">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FB91FEA9B68F126A" box="[1151,1252,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Nortonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in particular
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45228D62FA66FEA9B288124F" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mochii">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FA66FEA9B288124F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">P. mochii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The three species of
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FE3CFEC5B38C124E" box="[466,487,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45228D62FE1BFEC5B031124E" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[501,602,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Nortonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FE1BFEC5B031124E" box="[501,602,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Nortonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) considered here differ from the strictly Palaearctic species of the subgenus in various characters, of which the most evident are the largely smooth and impunctate body, the pronotum lacking the dorsal carina, and the lateral carina of the propodeum only weakly sinuated or angled at the apex without forming a tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC4436C945228D62FF29FE55B1CD1117" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">
The specimen from Wadi Kelt was examined by
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FCE9FE55B66112DF" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[775,1034,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref13697" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1938) Le specie del sottogenere Nortonia Sauss. (Hym. Vespidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 60, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1938">Giordani Soika (1938)</bibRefCitation>
to describe the female sex of this species and is labelled as
<typeStatus id="3340886B45228D62FE5CFE71B07B1133" box="[434,528,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FD63FE71B1EE1133" author="von Schulthess, A." box="[653,901,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="49 - 52" refId="ref14744" refString="von Schulthess, A. (1931) Neue Vespiden (Hym.). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 15 (2), 49-52." type="journal article" year="1931">von Schulthess (1931)</bibRefCitation>
reported only a male in the original description, therefore the specimen described by Giordani Soika is not a true type.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC4436C945228D62FF29FDC9B10910C7" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45228D62FF29FDC9B3CE114B" baseAuthorityName="von Schulthess" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[199,421,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enslini">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FF29FDC9B3CE114B" box="[199,421,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Pareumenes enslini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a wide range of chromatic variability, ranging from entirely red-brown to widely yellow-marked. The yellow markings are usually observed on face (sometimes covering most of it), scape, T2, T3 and S2, while markings on pronotum and T1 are more rarely observed. The entirely red form is apparently the most widespread, being observed in an area covering
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945228D62FD43FD3DB09811E7" box="[685,755,691,717]" name="Egypt" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">Egypt</collectingCountry>
, the Levant, and the Arabian Peninsula, while the extensively yellow-marked form appears limited to the southern areas of the Arabian Peninsula. These chromatic and geographic differences, combined with the presence of differences in the apical margin of the female clypeus and in sculpture of T2, led to the description of the yellow-marked form as a distinct species,
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45228D62FC13FC91B7351013" authority="Giordani Soika, 1981" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1981" box="[1021,1374,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FC13FC91B6091012" box="[1021,1122,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">P. mimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FB84FC91B7351013" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[1130,1374,799,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref14019" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1981) Eumenidi raccolti nell'Arabia meridionale da K. Guichard (Hym.). Nota II. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 31, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1981">Giordani Soika, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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, later synonymized by
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due to the lack of morphological differences. The examination of various material confirms the synonymy proposed by Guichard, since specimens from the same areas of
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present a wide variety of patterns, covering various intermediate forms between
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FC68FC05B184108F" box="[902,1007,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">P. enslini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45228D62FBC4FC05B6FA108E" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1981" box="[1066,1169,907,932]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FBC4FC05B6FA108E" box="[1066,1169,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">P. mimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The differences in the apical margin of the clypeus, also used to distinguish
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45228D62FD00FC21B13F10E3" baseAuthorityName="von Schulthess" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[750,852,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enslini">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FD00FC21B13F10E3" box="[750,852,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">P. enslini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45228D62FC76FC21B66B10E3" box="[920,1024,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="212">P. mochii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845228D62FBE0FC21B69610E3" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[1038,1277,943,969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="212" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref13697" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1938) Le specie del sottogenere Nortonia Sauss. (Hym. Vespidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 60, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1938">Giordani Soika 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
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, proved to be inconsistent given the variability of this character in the female.
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Genus
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division of genus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FD2FFA9AB1131606" ID-CoL="4FY8" authority="Latreille" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[705,888,1300,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Eumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FD2FFA9AB1771601" box="[705,796,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Eumenes</emphasis>
Latreille
</taxonomicName>
(4 species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245248D64FC1BFA9AB1111660" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945248D64FC1BFA9AB1111660" blockId="1.[151,1436,1299,1354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
<typeStatus id="3340886B45248D64FC1BFA9AB64C1606" box="[1013,1063,1300,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FB6DFA9AB3081660" ID-CoL="3CDN8" authority="de Saussure, 1855" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Eumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FB6DFA9AB7141606" box="[1155,1407,1300,1324]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Eumenes quadrispinosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845248D64FA6AFA9AB3081660" author="de Saussure, H." pageId="1" pageNumber="206" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref13514" refString="de Saussure, H. (1855) Etudes sur la Famille des Vespides 3. La monographie des Masariens et un supplement a la Monographie des Eumeniens. V. Masson, Paris &amp; J. Kessmann, Geneve, 160 pp., 16 pls. [pp. 193 - 352, pls. 1-16]" type="book chapter" year="1855">de Saussure, 1855</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent designation of
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845248D64FD74FABDB11D1660" author="Bequaert, J." box="[666,886,1330,1354]" page="271" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" year="1918">
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845248D64FD74FABDB11D1660" author="Bequaert, J." box="[666,886,1330,1354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" pagination="1 - 384" refId="ref13159" refString="Bequaert, J. (1918) A revision of the Vespidae of the Belgian Congo based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, with a list of the Ethiopian diplopterous wasps. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 39 (1), 1-384." type="journal article" year="1918">Bequaert (1918: 271)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

234
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<paragraph id="EC4436C945248D64FF79FA12B09E169C" blockId="1.[151,757,1436,1463]" box="[151,757,1436,1463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
<heading id="B70C81A545248D64FF79FA12B09E169C" bold="true" box="[151,757,1436,1463]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FF79FA12B09E169C" bold="true" box="[151,757,1436,1463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
Subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FEF9FA12B09E169C" ID-CoL="6HQS" ID-ENA="3014243" authority="Giordani Soika, 1987" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1987" box="[279,757,1436,1463]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FEF9FA12B38F169D" bold="true" box="[279,484,1436,1463]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845248D64FE02FA12B09E169C" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[492,757,1436,1462]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref14059" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117-214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E745248D64FF79FA6FB1B91532" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245248D64FF79FA6FB03F16D3" box="[151,596,1505,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945248D64FF79FA6FB03F16D3" blockId="1.[151,1436,1505,1621]" box="[151,596,1505,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845248D64FF79FA6FB02416D3" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,591,1505,1529]" page="201" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" year="1987">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FF79FA6FB02416D3" authority="Giordani Soika, 1987: 201" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,591,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FF79FA6FB32816D3" box="[151,323,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845248D64FEA9FA6FB02416D3" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[327,591,1505,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref14059" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117-214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika, 1987: 201</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245248D64FDB6FA6FB1B916D3" box="[600,978,1505,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945248D64FDB6FA6FB1B916D3" blockId="1.[151,1436,1505,1621]" box="[600,978,1505,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FD3AFA6CB1B916D3" ID-CoL="6HQS" authority="de Saussure." authorityName="de Saussure." box="[724,978,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FD3AFA6CB13B16D3" box="[724,848,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Pareumenes</emphasis>
de Saussure.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245248D64FC3AFA6FB1B91532" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945248D64FC3AFA6FB1B91532" blockId="1.[151,1436,1505,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
<typeStatus id="3340886B45248D64FC3AFA6FB66D16D3" box="[980,1030,1505,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FBB1FA6CB02B1532" ID-CoL="4DLGW" authority="Giordani Soika, 1987" authorityName="Giordani Soika. B, J" authorityYear="1987" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatissimus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FBB1FA6CB6B016D3" box="[1119,1243,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FB06FA6FB7FF16D3" box="[1256,1428,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FF29F98EB335153D" box="[199,350,1536,1559]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">punctatissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845248D64FE8AF98EB02B1532" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[356,576,1536,1560]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref14059" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117-214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation and monotypy.
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E745248D64FF79F991B3AE157F" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245248D64FF79F991B016151D" box="[151,637,1566,1591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945248D64FF79F991B016151D" blockId="1.[151,1436,1505,1621]" box="[151,637,1566,1591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845248D64FF79F991B395151C" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[151,510,1566,1590]" page="307" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" year="2002">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FF79F991B395151C" ID-CoL="54MK" authority="Gusenleitner, 2002: 307" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityPageNumber="307" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,510,1566,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FF79F991B36E151C" box="[151,261,1567,1590]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Interzumia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845248D64FEE5F990B395151C" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[267,510,1566,1590]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" pagination="307 - 320" refId="ref14228" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2002) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 34 (1), 307-320." type="journal article" year="2002">Gusenleitner, 2002: 307</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 317, genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245248D64FD6FF991B3AE157F" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945248D64FD6FF991B3AE157F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1505,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
<typeStatus id="3340886B45248D64FD6FF991B0D8151D" box="[641,691,1567,1591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FCE1F991B6C1151C" ID-CoL="3PSVB" authority="Gusenleitner, 2002" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" box="[783,1194,1566,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigra">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FCE1F991B188151C" box="[783,995,1566,1590]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Interzumia rufonigra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845248D64FC07F990B6C1151C" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[1001,1194,1566,1590]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" pagination="307 - 320" refId="ref14228" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2002) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 34 (1), 307-320." type="journal article" year="2002">Gusenleitner, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation and monotypy.
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FE8AF9B3B3AE157F" bold="true" box="[356,453,1597,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4E1654245248D67FF79F90DB325124F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="207" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945248D67FF79F90DB18513FF" blockId="1.[151,1437,1667,2018]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="207" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FF79F90DB28A15B7" bold="true" box="[151,225,1667,1693]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Notes.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845248D64FF06F90DB3A315B7" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[232,456,1667,1693]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" pagination="307 - 320" refId="ref14228" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2002) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 34 (1), 307-320." type="journal article" year="2002">Gusenleitner (2002)</bibRefCitation>
described the monotypic genus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FCC1F90AB1C315B7" ID-CoL="54MK" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" box="[815,936,1668,1693]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FCC1F90AB1C315B7" box="[815,936,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Interzumia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to accommodate the new species
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FACDF90AB36915EB" ID-CoL="3PSVB" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigra">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FACDF90AB36915EB" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Interzumia rufonigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. He compared
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FE40F926B04C15EB" ID-CoL="54MK" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" box="[430,551,1704,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FE40F926B04C15EB" box="[430,551,1704,1729]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Interzumia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the American genus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FCA0F926B60315EB" ID-CoL="63D9X" authority="de Saussure" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1852" box="[846,1128,1703,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Montezumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FCA0F926B1B315EB" box="[846,984,1704,1729]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Montezumia</emphasis>
de Saussure
</taxonomicName>
, stating that the two genera are closely related and differentiated only by the absence of epicnemial carina in
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FBBEF942B6A215CF" ID-CoL="54MK" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" box="[1104,1225,1740,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FBBEF942B6A215CF" box="[1104,1225,1740,1765]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Interzumia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The similarity to
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FF79F97EB34A1423" ID-CoL="63D9X" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,289,1776,1801]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Montezumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FF79F97EB34A1423" box="[151,289,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Montezumia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be only superficial since most morphological characters differ among the two genera (e.g. morphology of propodeum). The
<typeStatus id="3340886B45248D64FDCBF89DB0EC1407" box="[549,647,1811,1837]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FD56F89AB1C21407" ID-CoL="3PSVB" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" box="[696,937,1811,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigra">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FD56F89AB1C21407" box="[696,937,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Interzumia rufonigra</emphasis>
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was not available for direct examination, but its description and the study of the
<typeStatus id="3340886B45248D64FDB0F8B9B0A0147B" box="[606,715,1847,1873]" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FD1BF8B6B6ED147B" authority="Gusenleitner" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2012" box="[757,1158,1847,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediator">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FD1BF8B6B186147B" box="[757,1005,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Pareumenes mediator</emphasis>
Gusenleitner
</taxonomicName>
(a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FA62F8B6B369145F" ID-CoL="3PSVB" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigra">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FA62F8B6B369145F" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">I. rufonigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and of the related
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FE30F8D2B035145F" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[478,606,1883,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FE30F8D2B035145F" box="[478,606,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">P. mirificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
show that
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FD36F8D2B13A145F" ID-CoL="54MK" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" box="[728,849,1884,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FD36F8D2B13A145F" box="[728,849,1884,1909]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Interzumia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be considered a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FAFDF8D2B30214B3" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FAFDF8D2B7F7145F" box="[1299,1436,1884,1909]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FF4FF8F1B33414B3" box="[161,351,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
. It is to be noted that
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FDA2F80EB12F14B3" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gusenleitner" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[588,836,1919,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufoniger">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FDA2F80EB12F14B3" box="[588,836,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Pareumenes rufoniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FC9BF80EB19814B3" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[885,1011,1919,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FC9BF80EB19814B3" box="[885,1011,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">P. mirificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FB9AF80EB2B11497" ID-CoL="4DLGW" authority="Giordani Soika" authorityName="Giordani Soika. B, J" authorityYear="1987" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatissimus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FB9AF80EB75F14B3" box="[1140,1332,1920,1945]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">P. punctatissimus</emphasis>
Giordani Soika
</taxonomicName>
, the type species of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FE53F82DB0101497" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1987" box="[445,635,1955,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FE53F82DB0101497" box="[445,635,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in the shape of T1: elongated and weakly convex in
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FB3DF82AB7FE1497" ID-CoL="4DLGW" authorityName="Giordani Soika. B, J" authorityYear="1987" box="[1235,1429,1956,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatissimus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FB3DF82AB7FE1497" box="[1235,1429,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">P. punctatissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, shorter and strongly convex in
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FE1FF846B01D14CB" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gusenleitner" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[497,630,1991,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufoniger">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FE1FF846B01D14CB" box="[497,630,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">P. rufoniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45248D64FD42F846B14014CB" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[684,811,1991,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45248D64FD42F846B14014CB" box="[684,811,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="206">P. mirificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These differences are here considered of specific value only and not indicative of different (sub)genera, but a complete phylogenetic analysis of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FB63FF19B77D139A" ID-CoL="6HQS" box="[1165,1302,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FB63FF19B77D139A" box="[1165,1302,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related genera is needed to better understand the limits of this heterogeneous group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC4436C945278D67FF29FF51B325124F" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
The shiny apicolateral lamelliform appendices of T1, mentioned as distinctive of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FBA4FF51B6A813D2" authorityName="Gusenleitner" authorityYear="2002" box="[1098,1219,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Interzumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FBA4FF51B6A813D2" box="[1098,1219,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Interzumia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
both in the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845278D67FECFFE8DB3981237" author="Gusenleitner, J." box="[289,499,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="307 - 320" refId="ref14228" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2002) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). Linzer biologische Beitrage, 34 (1), 307-320." type="journal article" year="2002">Gusenleitner 2002</bibRefCitation>
) and in the key to genera published by
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845278D67FC48FE8DB6CD1237" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Gusenleitner, J. &amp; Madl, M." box="[934,1190,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="513 - 638" refId="ref13265" refString="Carpenter, J. M., Gusenleitner, J. &amp; Madl, M. (2009) A catalogue of the Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of the Ethiopian Region excluding Malagasy Subregion. Part I: Introduction, key to genera, genera Aethiopicodynerus Gusenleitner 1997 to Cyrtolabulus van der Vecht 1969. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 41 (1), 513-638." type="journal article" year="2009">
Carpenter
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FBF5FE8DB6381237" box="[1051,1107,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
, are just the reflection of the basalmost margin of T2, serving as articulation with T1 and observed in most
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FBD3FEA9B6D0126B" box="[1085,1211,295,321]" family="Eumeninae" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" rank="family">Eumeninae</taxonomicName>
with various degree of development.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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85
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FF79FE39B34612FB" bold="true" box="[151,301,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
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@ -70,11 +70,11 @@ Selis
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FF79FDACB3791116" bold="true" box="[151,274,546,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FDDDFDADB09A1117" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1987" box="[563,753,547,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FDDDFDADB09A1117" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1987" box="[563,753,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FDDDFDADB09A1117" box="[563,753,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the short propodeal valvula and the T1 not angled basally, and shares the almost entirely smooth body, the presence of inferior carinae of the propodeum and the short and strongly convex T1 with
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FE07FDE5B01B11AF" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gusenleitner" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[489,624,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufoniger">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FE07FDE5B01B11AF" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gusenleitner" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[489,624,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufoniger">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FE07FDE5B01B11AF" box="[489,624,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">P. rufoniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it is differentiated by the following characters: clypeus as long as wide, tegula with outer margin weakly concave in posterior half and posterior lobe acute, parategula oblique with expanded apex, T2–T5 with decolorate apical area, S2 barely and evenly convex for whole length and pattern bright red with extensive yellow markings on metasoma.
@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ due to the short propodeal valvula and the T1 not angled basally, and shares the
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245278D67FF29FD75B0AA1077" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FF29FD75B313103E" bold="true" box="[199,376,762,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445278D67FE6CFD74B0AA1077" collectingDate="2010-04-18" collectionCode="MSVI, OLML" collectorName="A. Kudrna Jr." determinerName="Det. Marco Selis" elevation="550" location="Central African Rep." pageId="2" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="552" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Nana-Grebizi" typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445278D67FE6CFD74B0AA1077" collectingDate="2010-04-18" collectionCode="MSVI, OLML" collectorName="A. Kudrna Jr." country="Central African Republic" determinerName="Det. Marco Selis" elevation="550" location="Central African Republic" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="551" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Nana-Grebizi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FE6CFD74B063103E" bold="true" box="[386,520,762,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
<typeStatus id="3340886B45278D67FE6CFD74B06F103E" box="[386,516,762,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
:
@ -103,26 +103,21 @@ NNE Mbres
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145278D67FF79FC91B37E1013" box="[151,277,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" value="2010-04-18">18.04.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045278D67FEF3FC90B3061013" box="[285,365,798,825]" count="550" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="generic">
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<elevation id="67D6D1FA45278D67FEF3FC90B3021013" box="[285,361,798,825]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
<quantity id="2B039B2C45278D67FEF3FC90B3021013" box="[285,361,798,825]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
/
<collectorName id="410E531F45278D67FE6DFC91B0761013" box="[387,541,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">A. Kudrna Jr.</collectorName>
lgt. //
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FD84FC91B1341013" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[618,863,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FD84FC91B1341013" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[618,863,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FD84FC91B1341013" box="[618,863,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Pareumenes mirificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<typeStatus id="3340886B45278D67FC99FC91B6761013" box="[887,1053,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="holotype">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045278D67FBC8FC91B6501013" box="[1062,1083,799,825]" count="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/
/ HOLOTYPUS ♀ /
<determinerName id="1998DA0D45278D67FBBDFC91B7791013" box="[1107,1298,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Det. Marco Selis</determinerName>
[red label]” (currently in
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45278D67FEC7FCCDB3191077" box="[297,370,835,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">MSVI</collectionCode>
, will be deposited in
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45278D67FD8EFCCDB0DE1077" box="[608,693,835,861]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pp0t-48s3" name="Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="Museum">OLML</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45278D67FD8EFCCDB0DE1077" box="[608,693,835,861]" collectionName="Austria, Linz, Oberoesterreichisches Landesmuseum" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pp0t-48s3" name="Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="Museum">OLML</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
@ -130,7 +125,7 @@ lgt. //
<caption id="B884664145278D67FF79F8FFB08C1487" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830820" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14830820" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830820/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" startId="2.[151,250,1905,1929]" targetBox="[151,1435,882,1878]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945278D67FF79F8FFB08C1487" blockId="2.[151,1436,1905,1965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FF79F8FFB37914A3" bold="true" box="[151,274,1905,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FEF6F8FCB0DD14A3" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[280,694,1905,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45278D67FEF6F8FCB0DD14A3" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[280,694,1905,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Brachyparmenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FEF6F8FCB3FF14A3" box="[280,404,1906,1929]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45278D67FE4CF8FFB02514A3" box="[418,590,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Brachyparmenes</emphasis>
@ -190,7 +185,7 @@ lateral view much less convex than T2, almost flattened and barely projecting fr
<paragraph id="EC4436C945218D61FF29FE71B0461117" blockId="4.[151,1436,150,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FF29FE71B3251133" bold="true" box="[199,334,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is the Latin adjective
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FCC5FE71B1F71133" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[811,924,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45218D61FCC5FE71B1F71133" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[811,924,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirificus">
“
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45218D61FCD6FE71B1F71133" box="[824,924,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="209">mirificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>

205
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<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FF79FBEDB1B61756" authority="Giordani Soika, 1944" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[151,989,1122,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterorufofasciatus" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF79FBEDB3461757" bold="true" box="[151,301,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FED0FBEDB3BF1757" bold="true" box="[318,468,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Pareumenes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FE0BFBECB0A01757" bold="true" box="[485,715,1122,1149]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">laterorufofasciatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845288D68FD3CFBECB1B61756" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[722,989,1122,1148]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" pagination="149 - 178" refId="ref13771" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1944) Contributo alla conoscenza dei vespidi solitari e sociali della regione etiopica. Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere et Arti, 103 (2), 149-178." type="journal article" year="1944">Giordani Soika, 1944</bibRefCitation>
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,
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(
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)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC4436C945288D68FF79FB42B19717C9" blockId="13.[151,1368,1227,1251]" box="[151,1020,1227,1251]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845288D68FF79FB42B11817C9" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,883,1227,1251]" page="157" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" year="1944">
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF79FB42B00B17C9" box="[151,608,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Pareumenes sansibaricus laterorufofasciatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845288D68FD88FB45B11817C9" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[614,883,1227,1251]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" pagination="149 - 178" refId="ref13771" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1944) Contributo alla conoscenza dei vespidi solitari e sociali della regione etiopica. Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere et Arti, 103 (2), 149-178." type="journal article" year="1944">Giordani Soika, 1944: 157</bibRefCitation>
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(key), 158,
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</paragraph>
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—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445288D68FBF5FB45B73817C9" box="[1051,1363,1227,1251]" collectionCode="MSNVE" location="Rikatla" municipality="Delagoa" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1">
“
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FBC8FB45B6ED17C9" box="[1062,1158,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FBC8FB45B6EB17C9" authorityName="Jordan" authorityYear="1894" box="[1062,1152,1227,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Delagoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345288D68FBC8FB45B6EB17C9" box="[1062,1152,1227,1251]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Delagoa</collectingMunicipality>
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:
</emphasis>
<location id="E924601245288D68FB62FB45B6B317C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45288D68FF79FBEDB6C514A5:E924601245288D68FB62FB45B6B317C9" box="[1164,1240,1227,1251]" municipality="Delagoa" name="Rikatla" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Rikatla</location>
” (
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245288D68FF79FA9FB34B1529" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945288D68FF79FA9FB34B1529" blockId="13.[151,1437,1297,1935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF79FA9FB3791601" bold="true" box="[151,274,1297,1323]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FDC8FA9CB0C41601" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[550,687,1298,1323]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FDC8FA9CB0C41601" box="[550,687,1298,1323]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the wide and shallow apical emargination of clypeus, the entirely striate posterior depression of propodeum, the short, flattened and right-angled lateral projections of propodeum, the less elongate T1 (2.05– 2.15× as long as apically wide) with a longitudinal furrow on the convex posterior part, and the pale brownish pubescence.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245288D68FF29F983B1C91545" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945288D68FF29F983B1C91545" blockId="13.[151,1437,1297,1935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF29F983B3DA150D" bold="true" box="[199,433,1549,1575]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445288D68FE56F983B1C91545" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="E. Lepelletieri Schulthess" location="Junod" municipality="Rikatla / Delagoa" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FE56F983B6DF150D" bold="true" box="[440,1204,1549,1575]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<typeStatus id="3340886B45288D68FE56F983B05E150D" box="[440,565,1549,1575]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
OF
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FD8FF983B6C0150D" authority="LATERORUFOFASCIATUS" authorityName="LATERORUFOFASCIATUS" box="[609,1195,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FD8FF983B6C0150D" bold="true" box="[609,1195,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">PAREUMENES SANSIBARICUS LATERORUFOFASCIATUS</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045288D68FB52F980B6BA1502" box="[1212,1233,1550,1576]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
labeled “
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345288D68FAD4F983B29F1561" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
Rikatla /
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FF79F9BFB29F1561" authorityName="Jordan" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,244,1585,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Delagoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Delagoa</taxonomicName>
</collectingMunicipality>
/ (
<location id="E924601245288D68FEE3F9BFB3381561" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45288D68FF79FBEDB6C514A5:E924601245288D68FEE3F9BFB3381561" box="[269,339,1585,1611]" municipality="Rikatla / Delagoa" name="Junod" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Junod</location>
) //
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045288D68FE9DF9BCB3E31566" box="[371,392,1586,1612]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
//
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FE4EF9BCB0D11561" authority="Schulthess" authorityName="Schulthess" box="[416,698,1585,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Eumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepelletieri">
<collectorName id="410E531F45288D68FE4EF9BCB0D11561" box="[416,698,1585,1612]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">E. Lepelletieri Schulthess</collectorName>
</taxonomicName>
/ concinnus det. 1911 // HOLOTYPUS /
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FB9BF9BCB6951561" box="[1141,1278,1586,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FB9BF9BCB6951561" box="[1141,1278,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FAE1F9BFB7F61561" box="[1295,1437,1585,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FAE1F9BFB7F61561" box="[1295,1437,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FF48F9D8B3F91545" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" box="[166,402,1621,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="sansibaricus" variety="laterorufofasciatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF48F9D8B3F91545" box="[166,402,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">v. laterorufofasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FE46F9D8B0FC1545" box="[424,663,1621,1648]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">n.v. A Giordani Soika</emphasis>
[red label]” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45288D68FCC0F9DBB1FC1545" box="[814,919,1621,1647]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">MSNVE</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245288D68FF29F9F7B1A215B9" box="[199,969,1657,1683]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945288D68FF29F9F7B1A215B9" blockId="13.[151,1437,1297,1935]" box="[199,969,1657,1683]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF29F9F7B30A15B9" bold="true" box="[199,353,1657,1683]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945288D68FE89F9F7B39015B9" box="[359,507,1657,1683]" name="Mozambique" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845288D68FDE4F9F7B09315B9" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[522,760,1657,1683]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" pagination="149 - 178" refId="ref13771" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1944) Contributo alla conoscenza dei vespidi solitari e sociali della regione etiopica. Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere et Arti, 103 (2), 149-178." type="journal article" year="1944">Giordani Soika 1944</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845288D68FCEDF9F7B15715B9" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[771,828,1657,1683]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" pagination="7 - 53" refId="ref13935" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1973) Designazione di Lectotipi ed elenco dei tipi di Eumenidi, Vespidi e Masaridi da me descritti negli anni 1934 - 1960. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 24, 7-53." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45288D68FCBDF9F7B1D715B9" box="[851,956,1657,1683]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245288D68FF29F913B6C514A5" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945288D68FF29F913B6C514A5" blockId="13.[151,1437,1297,1935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF29F913B37A159D" bold="true" box="[199,273,1693,1719]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Notes.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845288D68FEF2F913B071159D" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[284,538,1693,1719]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" pagination="149 - 178" refId="ref13771" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1944) Contributo alla conoscenza dei vespidi solitari e sociali della regione etiopica. Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere et Arti, 103 (2), 149-178." type="journal article" year="1944">Giordani Soika (1944</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845288D68FDC4F913B00E159D" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[554,613,1693,1719]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" pagination="235 - 246" refId="ref13981" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1979) Eumenidi raccolti nel Niger, Mali e Sahara centrale da K. Guichard. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 30, 235-246." type="journal article" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845288D68FD9AF913B0C6159D" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[628,685,1693,1719]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref14019" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1981) Eumenidi raccolti nell'Arabia meridionale da K. Guichard (Hym.). Nota II. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 31, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
) used a broad concept of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FC09F910B761159D" box="[999,1290,1693,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FC09F910B761159D" box="[999,1290,1693,1719]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Pareumenes sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Examination of the
<typeStatus id="3340886B45288D68FBB1F94FB6AA15F1" box="[1119,1217,1729,1755]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FB01F94CB30015D5" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="laterorufofasciatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FB01F94CB30015D5" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">P. sansibaricus laterorufofasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
however revealed several morphological characters that allow to consider
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FB43F968B7F715D5" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[1197,1436,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterorufofasciatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FB43F968B7F715D5" box="[1197,1436,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">P. laterorufofasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a distinct species: wider gena, entirely striate propodeal depression, T1 more robust, longitudinally furrowed and without translucent apical margin, and pubescence of head and mesosoma brownish and less evident. These characters are shared with
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FE53F8DCB0351441" authorityName="Giordani Soika. A" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[445,606,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FE53F8DCB0351441" box="[445,606,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FD1FF8DCB18B1441" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[753,992,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterorufofasciatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FD1FF8DCB18B1441" box="[753,992,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">P. laterorufofasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is readily distinguished by the short and right-angled lateral projections of propodeum and the entirely red dorsal faces of propodeum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

159
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<mods:location id="EE686F2FD14D8B406B6A950633E86DC4">
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</mods:location>
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<mods:identifier id="9F357D7C9B5C8B2B431AF1112F1ABA5E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:classification id="194670F2A46443A9A092001909FA2FCD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D0761CF639BE17BE10B91346D8E77B2F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830892" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14830892" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245298D69FF79F951B67315D3" box="[151,1048,1759,1786]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945298D69FF79F951B67315D3" blockId="12.[151,1048,1759,1821]" box="[151,1048,1759,1786]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<heading id="B70C81A545298D69FF79F951B67315D3" bold="true" box="[151,1048,1759,1786]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FF79F951B67315D3" bold="true" box="[151,1048,1759,1786]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FF79F951B1F015D3" authority="Giordani Soika, 1944" authorityName="Giordani Soika. A" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[151,923,1759,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetefasciatus" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FF79F951B34615D3" bold="true" box="[151,301,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">PAREUMENES</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FF79F951B1F015D3" authority="Giordani Soika, 1944" authorityName="Giordani Soika. A" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[151,923,1759,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetefasciatus" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FF79F951B34615D3" bold="true" box="[151,301,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FED0F96EB3BF15D0" bold="true" box="[318,468,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Pareumenes</emphasis>
)
@ -66,30 +66,42 @@
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245298D69FF79F8C2B37814A3" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945298D69FF79F8C2B37814A3" blockId="12.[151,1436,1867,1929]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E745298D69FF79F8C2B37814A3" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245298D69FF79F8C2B66C144F" box="[151,1031,1867,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945298D69FF79F8C2B66C144F" blockId="12.[151,1436,1867,1929]" box="[151,1031,1867,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D845298D69FF79F8C2B1CB144C" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,928,1867,1894]" page="157" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" year="1944">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FF79F8C2B1CB144C" authority="Giordani Soika, 1944: 157" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="157" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,928,1867,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="laetefasciatus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FF79F8C2B1CB144C" authority="Giordani Soika, 1944: 157" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="157" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,928,1867,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="laetefasciatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FF79F8C2B034144F" box="[151,607,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Pareumenes sansibaricus laetefasciatus</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445298D69FD84F8C5B1CB144C" box="[618,928,1867,1894]" collectionCode="MSNVE" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845298D69FD84F8C5B1CB144C" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[618,928,1867,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" pagination="149 - 178" refId="ref13771" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1944) Contributo alla conoscenza dei vespidi solitari e sociali della regione etiopica. Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere et Arti, 103 (2), 149-178." type="journal article" year="1944">Giordani Soika, 1944: 157</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(key),
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045298D69FC16F8C5B66C144F" box="[1016,1031,1867,1893]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
—“
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FBD8F8C5B69E144F" box="[1078,1269,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Africa orientale:</emphasis>
Iscia Baidoa” (MSNVE).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245298D69FBE9F8C5B37814A3" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945298D69FBE9F8C5B37814A3" blockId="12.[151,1436,1867,1929]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445298D69FBC4F8C5B37B14A3" collectionCode="MSNVE" location="Iscia Baidoa" municipality="Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" specimenCount="1">
“
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FBD8F8C5B69E144F" box="[1078,1269,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345298D69FBD8F8C5B617144F" box="[1078,1148,1867,1893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Africa</collectingMunicipality>
orientale:
</emphasis>
<location id="E924601245298D69FAEEF8C5B7F9144F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B:E924601245298D69FAEEF8C5B7F9144F" box="[1280,1426,1867,1893]" municipality="Africa" name="Iscia Baidoa" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Iscia Baidoa</location>
” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45298D69FF71F8E1B36314A3" box="[159,264,1903,1929]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">MSNVE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245298D68FF79F839B744126B" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945298D68FF79F839B744126B" blockId="12.[151,1436,1975,2038]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,1041]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FF79F839B37914FB" bold="true" box="[151,274,1975,2001]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FDC8F836B0C414FB" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[550,687,1976,2001]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FDC8F836B0C414FB" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[550,687,1976,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FDC8F836B0C414FB" box="[550,687,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the narrow and deep apical emargination of clypeus, the largely smooth posterior depression of propodeum, the long, robust and flattened lobes of the lateral carina of propodeum, the more elongate T1 (2.3–2.6× as long as apically wide) with a deep pit near the posterior end, the decolorate and lamellar apical margin of T1, the strongly reflexed apical margin of T2 forming a translucent lamella, and the strongly silvery pubescence.
@ -98,44 +110,53 @@ due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the prop
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245288D68FF29FEC4B3951133" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945288D68FF29FEC4B3951133" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF29FEC4B3C4124E" bold="true" box="[199,431,330,356]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445288D68FE5BFEC4B3951133" collectingDate="1939-07-08" collectingDateMax="2015-05-13" collectingDateMin="1939-07-08" collectionCode="MSNVE, MSVI" collectorName="Coll. A. Mochi &amp; E. Zavattari &amp; A. Kudrna &amp; A. Mochi &amp; H. R. Feijen" country="Ethiopia" county="Malindi" elevation="860" location="Rift Valley" municipality="Watamu" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Samburu" typeStatus="lectotype">
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445288D68FE5BFEC4B3CB1287" collectingDate="1935-05" collectingDateMax="2015-05-13" collectingDateMin="1939-07-08" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="A. Mochi" country="Somalia" county="Malindi" elevation="860" location="Somalia" municipality="Watamu" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Samburu" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FE5BFEC4B60E124F" bold="true" box="[437,1125,330,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<typeStatus id="3340886B45288D68FE5BFEC4B052124E" box="[437,569,330,356]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
OF
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FD8DFEC5B630124F" authority="LAETEFASCIATUS" authorityName="LAETEFASCIATUS" box="[611,1115,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FD8DFEC5B630124F" authority="LAETEFASCIATUS" authorityName="LAETEFASCIATUS" box="[611,1115,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FD8DFEC5B630124F" bold="true" box="[611,1115,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">PAREUMENES SANSIBARICUS LAETEFASCIATUS</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045288D68FB85FEC5B6EB124F" box="[1131,1152,331,357]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
labeled “
<collectorName id="410E531F45288D68FB09FEC5B7E5124F" box="[1255,1422,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Coll. A. Mochi</collectorName>
/ V. 35 / Iscia Baidoa / Somalia //
<typeStatus id="3340886B45288D68FE01FEE1B0FE12A3" box="[495,661,367,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="holotype">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
labeled “Coll.
<collectorName id="410E531F45288D68FACAFEC5B7E5124F" box="[1316,1422,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">A. Mochi</collectorName>
/
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FD48FEE1B14412A2" box="[678,815,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<date id="9845100945288D68FF79FEE1B2A412A3" box="[151,207,366,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" value="1935-05">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145288D68FF79FEE1B2A412A3" box="[151,207,366,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" value="1935-05">V. 35</collectingDate>
</date>
/ Iscia Baidoa /
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945288D68FE94FEE1B3BD12A3" box="[378,470,367,393]" name="Somalia" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Somalia</collectingCountry>
// HOLOTYPUS /
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FD48FEE1B14412A2" box="[678,815,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FD48FEE1B14412A2" box="[678,815,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FCAEFEE1B19C12A2" box="[832,1015,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FCAEFEE1B1A512A3" box="[832,974,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">sansibaricus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FCAEFEE1B1A512A3" box="[832,974,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">sansibaricus</taxonomicName>
var
</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FBE7FEE1B6A512A2" box="[1033,1230,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FBE7FEE1B6C812A3" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[1033,1187,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetefasciatus" status="var. nov.">laetefasciatus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FBE7FEE1B6C812A3" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[1033,1187,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetefasciatus" status="var. nov.">laetefasciatus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5BC57A045288D68FB49FEE1B6A512A2" box="[1191,1230,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" rank="variety">n.v.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FB31FEE1B7F712A3" box="[1247,1436,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">A Giordani Soika</emphasis>
[red label]” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45288D68FEC5FE1DB3FF1287" box="[299,404,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">MSNVE</collectionCode>
).
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445288D68FE47FE1CB38F12FB" collectingDate="1939-07-08" collectingDateMax="2015-05-13" collectingDateMin="1939-07-08" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="E. Zavattari" country="Ethiopia" county="Malindi" elevation="860" location="Sagan-Omo" municipality="Watamu" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Africa Orientale Italiana" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FE47FE1CB0491286" bold="true" box="[425,546,402,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945288D68FE47FE1CB0751286" box="[425,542,402,428]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">ETHIOPIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Africa Orientale Italiana, Sagan-Omo, Caschei,
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45288D68FDC4FE1DB1281287" box="[554,835,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Africa Orientale Italiana</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E924601245288D68FCBFFE1DB1B11287" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B:E924601245288D68FCBFFE1DB1B11287" box="[849,986,403,429]" country="Ethiopia" county="Malindi" municipality="Watamu" name="Sagan-Omo" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Africa Orientale Italiana">Sagan-Omo</location>
, Caschei,
<date id="9845100945288D68FBBEFE1DB6A51287" box="[1104,1230,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" value="1939-07-08">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145288D68FBBEFE1DB6A51287" box="[1104,1230,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" value="1939-07-08">8.VII.1939</collectingDate>
</date>
@ -147,7 +168,9 @@ Africa Orientale Italiana, Sagan-Omo, Caschei,
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45288D68FF24FE39B35B12FB" box="[202,304,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">MSNVE</collectionCode>
,
<typeStatus id="3340886B45288D68FED3FE39B3B212FB" box="[317,473,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
);
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445288D68FE03FE39B75512FB" box="[493,1342,438,465]" collectingDate="2015-05-11" collectingDateMax="2015-05-13" collectingDateMin="2015-05-11" collectionCode="MSVI" collectorName="A. Kudrna" country="Ethiopia" county="Malindi" elevation="860" location="Sagan-Omo" municipality="Watamu" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Africa Orientale Italiana">
<locationDeviation id="FDF62FEB45288D68FE03FE39B0BB12FB" box="[493,720,439,465]" location="Konso" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<quantity id="2B039B2C45288D68FE03FE39B05E12FB" box="[493,565,439,465]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
SE of Konso
@ -166,7 +189,9 @@ jr.,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045288D68FB5DFE39B6BD12FB" box="[1203,1238,439,465]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45288D68FB08FE39B75912FB" box="[1254,1330,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">MSVI</collectionCode>
).
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445288D68FAABFE38B14812DF" collectingDate="1972-12-06" collectingDateMax="1987-07-18" collectingDateMin="1972-12-06" collectionCode="MSVI" collectorName="A. Mochi" country="Kenya" county="Malindi" elevation="860" location="Watamu" municipality="Watamu" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Samburu" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FAABFE38B7F712FA" bold="true" box="[1349,1436,438,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945288D68FAABFE38B7F312FA" box="[1349,1432,438,464]" name="Kenya" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">KENYA</collectingCountry>
:
@ -184,12 +209,14 @@ jr.,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045288D68FD77FE55B0D012DF" box="[665,699,475,501]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45288D68FD25FE55B17C12DF" box="[715,791,475,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">MSVI</collectionCode>
);
<location id="E924601245288D68FCC4FE55B1CE12DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B:E924601245288D68FCC4FE55B1CE12DF" box="[810,933,475,501]" country="Ethiopia" county="Malindi" municipality="Watamu" name="Rift Valley" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Samburu">Rift Valley</location>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445288D68FCC4FE55B3951133" collectingDate="1987-07-15" collectingDateMax="1987-07-18" collectingDateMin="1987-07-15" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="H. R. Feijen" country="Kenya" county="Malindi" elevation="860" location="Rift Valley" municipality="Watamu" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Samburu" typeStatus="lectotype">
<location id="E924601245288D68FCC4FE55B1CE12DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B:E924601245288D68FCC4FE55B1CE12DF" box="[810,933,475,501]" country="Kenya" county="Malindi" municipality="Watamu" name="Rift Valley" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Samburu">Rift Valley</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45288D68FC5EFE55B67312DF" box="[944,1048,475,501]" country="Kenya" name="Samburu" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Samburu</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E924601245288D68FBCDFE55B6BC12DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B:E924601245288D68FBCDFE55B6BC12DF" box="[1059,1239,475,501]" country="Ethiopia" county="Malindi" municipality="Watamu" name="Buffalo Springs" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Samburu">Buffalo Springs</location>
<location id="E924601245288D68FBCDFE55B6BC12DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B:E924601245288D68FBCDFE55B6BC12DF" box="[1059,1239,475,501]" country="Kenya" county="Malindi" municipality="Watamu" name="Buffalo Springs" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" stateProvince="Samburu">Buffalo Springs</location>
,
<date id="9845100945288D68FB0CFE54B7F312DF" box="[1250,1432,474,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" value="1987-07-15" valueMax="1987-07-18" valueMin="1987-07-15">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145288D68FB0CFE54B7F312DF" box="[1250,1432,474,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" value="1987-07-15" valueMax="1987-07-18" valueMin="1987-07-15">15–18.VII.1987</collectingDate>
@ -204,7 +231,7 @@ jr.,
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245288D68FF29FDACB1DC173B" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="distribution">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245288D68FF29FDACB6DC1117" box="[199,1207,546,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945288D68FF29FDACB6DC1117" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1041]" box="[199,1207,546,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF29FDACB30A1116" bold="true" box="[199,353,546,572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945288D68FE89FDADB3A21117" box="[359,457,547,573]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
@ -222,6 +249,8 @@ jr.,
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45288D68FBAFFDADB6C11117" box="[1089,1194,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245288D68FF29FDC9B1DC173B" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945288D68FF29FDC9B35D11E7" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF29FDC9B37A114B" bold="true" box="[199,273,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Notes.</emphasis>
Giordani Soika labelled the
@ -249,17 +278,17 @@ and
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845288D68FDE1FD59B02311DB" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[527,584,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref14019" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1981) Eumenidi raccolti nell'Arabia meridionale da K. Guichard (Hym.). Nota II. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 31, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
) used a broad concept of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FC85FD59B6E211DB" box="[875,1161,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FC85FD59B6E211DB" box="[875,1161,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FC85FD59B6E211DB" box="[875,1161,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Pareumenes sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Examination of several specimens of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FBBEFD75B7FE103F" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" box="[1104,1429,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="laetefasciatus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FBBEFD75B7FE103F" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" box="[1104,1429,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="laetefasciatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FBBEFD75B7FE103F" box="[1104,1429,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">P. sansibaricus laetefasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including the
<typeStatus id="3340886B45288D68FEC2FC91B3FD1013" box="[300,406,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, however revealed further differences from the nominotypical subspecies: apical emargination of clypeus narrower and deeper with acute lateral teeth and apical margin of T2 reflexed and forming a yellowish translucent lamella. Given these morphological differences, the richly marked pattern and the vicariant distribution (
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FF4FFC05B387108F" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" box="[161,492,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="laetefasciatus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FF4FFC05B387108F" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" box="[161,492,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="laetefasciatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF4FFC05B387108F" box="[161,492,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">P. sansibaricus laetefasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
@ -269,18 +298,18 @@ in
and
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945288D68FCFCFC05B135108F" box="[786,862,907,933]" name="Kenya" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FC84FC05B67F108F" box="[874,1044,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FC84FC05B67F108F" box="[874,1044,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FC84FC05B67F108F" box="[874,1044,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">P. sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5BC57A045288D68FBF5FC05B63C108F" box="[1051,1111,907,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945288D68FB72FC05B76A108F" box="[1180,1281,907,933]" name="Tanzania" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
to the south), this taxon is elevated to the species-rank. For the two characters mentioned above,
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FBD6FC21B68610E3" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[1080,1261,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetefasciatus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FBD6FC21B68610E3" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[1080,1261,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetefasciatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FBD6FC21B68610E3" box="[1080,1261,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">P. laetefasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more similar to
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FF59FC5DB35310C7" authorityName="Giordani Soika. D" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[183,312,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45288D68FF59FC5DB35310C7" authorityName="Giordani Soika. D" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[183,312,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45288D68FF59FC5DB35310C7" box="[183,312,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="218">P. arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it is however easily distinguished by the strongly metallic pubescence on head and mesosoma, and the wider and blunter lateral projections of propodeum.

373
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<heading id="B70C81A5452A8D6AFF79F903B15F158C" bold="true" box="[151,820,1676,1703]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFF79F903B15F158C" ID-CoL="4DLGZ" authority="(Schulz, 1905)" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Schulz" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,820,1676,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFF79F903B15F158C" bold="true" box="[151,820,1676,1703]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFF79F903B346158D" bold="true" box="[151,301,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFED0F903B3BF158D" bold="true" box="[318,468,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Pareumenes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFE0BF902B016158C" bold="true" box="[485,637,1676,1702]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">sansibaricus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452A8D6AFD62F902B147158C" author="Schulz, W. A." box="[652,812,1676,1702]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref14483" refString="Schulz, W. A. (1905) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Hymenopteren-Fauna Afrikas. In: Schulz, W. A., Hymenopterologische Studien. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1-68." type="book chapter" year="1905">Schulz, 1905</bibRefCitation>
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(
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)
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<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D8452A8D6AFF79F97EB07E1422" author="Schulz, W. A." box="[151,533,1776,1800]" page="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" year="1905">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFF79F97EB07E1422" authority="Schulz, 1905: 9" authorityName="Schulz" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,533,1776,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Eumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibarica">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFF79F97EB3041422" box="[151,367,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Eumenes sansibarica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452A8D6AFE98F97EB07E1422" author="Schulz, W. A." box="[374,533,1776,1800]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref14483" refString="Schulz, W. A. (1905) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Hymenopteren-Fauna Afrikas. In: Schulz, W. A., Hymenopterologische Studien. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1-68." type="book chapter" year="1905">Schulz, 1905: 9</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452A8D6AFDCFF97EB05F142D" box="[545,564,1776,1799]" count="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(in subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFD2FF97EB156142D" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[705,829,1776,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFD2FF97EB156142D" box="[705,829,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452A8D6AFCAAF97EB6B11422" box="[836,1242,1776,1800]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452A8D6AFCAAF97EB6B11422" blockId="15.[151,1436,1776,1861]" box="[836,1242,1776,1800]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">
—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452A8D6AFCB1F97EB6BD1422" box="[863,1238,1776,1800]" collectionCode="ZSM" country="Tanzania" location="Africae" municipality="Africae" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" specimenCount="1">
“
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452A8D6AFC86F97EB1A81422" box="[872,963,1776,1800]" name="Tanzania" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Sansibar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB3452A8D6AFC22F97EB6731422" box="[972,1048,1776,1800]" country="Tanzania" name="Africae" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Africae</collectingMunicipality>
orientalis” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452A8D6AFB7BF97EB6A51422" box="[1173,1230,1776,1800]" collectionName="Germany, Muenchen [= Munich], Zoologische Staatssammlung" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">ZSM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E7452A8D6AFF79F881B1E8146F" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452A8D6AFF79F881B0CC140C" box="[151,679,1806,1830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452A8D6AFF79F881B0CC140C" blockId="15.[151,1436,1776,1861]" box="[151,679,1806,1830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D8452A8D6AFF79F881B0E7140C" author="Meade-Waldo, G." box="[151,652,1806,1830]" page="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" year="1910">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFF79F881B0E7140C" ID-CoL="4DLGJ" authority="Meade-Waldo, 1910: 45" authorityName="Meade-Waldo" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,652,1806,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marshalli">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFF79F881B3EB140C" box="[151,384,1806,1830]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Pareumenes marshalli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452A8D6AFE65F880B0E7140C" author="Meade-Waldo, G." box="[395,652,1806,1830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" pagination="30 - 51" refId="ref14382" refString="Meade-Waldo, G. (1910) New Species of Diploptera in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 5 (25), 30-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931008692723" type="journal article" year="1910">Meade-Waldo, 1910: 45</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452A8D6AFD75F880B0CC140C" box="[667,679,1806,1830]" count="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452A8D6AFD49F880B1E8146F" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452A8D6AFD49F880B1E8146F" blockId="15.[151,1436,1776,1861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">
—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452A8D6AFD2DF880B63E140C" box="[707,1109,1806,1830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">
“Salisbury,
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B452A8D6AFCACF880B1A6140C" box="[834,973,1806,1830]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Mashonaland West" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Mashonaland</collectingRegion>
” (NHMUK)
</materialsCitation>
. Junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFF29F8A0B041146F" authority="Schulz, 1905" authorityName="Schulz" authorityYear="1905" box="[199,554,1837,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Eumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibarica">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFF29F8A0B3F4146F" box="[199,415,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Eumenes sansibarica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452A8D6AFE48F8A3B041146F" author="Schulz, W. A." box="[422,554,1837,1861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref14483" refString="Schulz, W. A. (1905) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Hymenopteren-Fauna Afrikas. In: Schulz, W. A., Hymenopterologische Studien. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1-68." type="book chapter" year="1905">Schulz, 1905</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
according to
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D8452A8D6AFD5AF8A0B114146F" author="Bequaert, J." box="[692,895,1837,1861]" page="171" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" year="1928">
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452A8D6AFD5AF8A0B114146F" author="Bequaert, J." box="[692,895,1837,1861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" pagination="138 - 176" refId="ref13213" refString="Bequaert, J. (1928) A study of certain types of diplopterous wasps in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 2 (7), 138-176. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932808672864" type="journal article" year="1928">Bequaert 1928: 171</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452A8D75FF79F8FDB77013D3" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452A8D75FF79F8FDB77013D3" blockId="15.[151,1436,1907,2041]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,151,681]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFF79F8FDB37914A7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1907,1933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFDC8F8FAB0C414A7" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[550,687,1908,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFDC8F8FAB0C414A7" box="[550,687,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the wider and shallower apical emargination of clypeus, the largely smooth posterior depression of propodeum, the long, robust and flattened lobes of the lateral carina of propodeum, the more elongate T1 (2.3–2.6× as long as apically wide) with a deep pit near the posterior end, the decolorate and lamellar apical margin of T1, the barely reflexed apical margin of T2 not forming a distinct lamella, and the strongly silvery pubescence.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245358D75FF29FE8CB6CB12FB" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945358D75FF29FE8CB6CB12FB" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45358D75FF29FE8CB3DE1236" bold="true" box="[199,437,258,284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445358D75FE2FFE8CB74A1237" box="[449,1313,258,285]" collectingDate="1978-02-12" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="H. R. Feijen" country="Mozambique" location="Hotel" municipality="Inhaca" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45358D75FE2FFE8CB0001236" bold="true" box="[449,619,258,284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FE2FFE8CB00C1236" box="[449,615,258,284]" name="Mozambique" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">MOZAMBIQUE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345358D75FD98FE8DB0A81237" box="[630,707,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Inhaca</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E924601245358D75FD3AFE8DB17E1237" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452A8D75FF79F903B62B1183:E924601245358D75FD3AFE8DB17E1237" box="[724,789,259,285]" country="Mozambique" municipality="Inhaca" name="Hotel" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Hotel</location>
,
<date id="9845100945358D75FCCAFE8DB1F71237" box="[804,924,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="1978-02-12">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145358D75FCCAFE8DB1F71237" box="[804,924,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="1978-02-12">12.II.1978</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FC0FFE8DB6011237" box="[993,1130,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">H.R. Feijen</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045358D75FB94FE8DB6F61237" box="[1146,1181,259,285]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45358D75FB5EFE8DB7721237" box="[1200,1305,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">MSNVE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445358D75FADEFE8CB15F126B" collectingDate="2015-01-07" collectionCode="MSVI" collectorName="S. Prepsl" country="Namibia" location="Lizauli" municipality="Strip" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Zambezi">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45358D75FADEFE8CB7F71236" bold="true" box="[1328,1436,258,284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FADEFE8CB7F21236" box="[1328,1433,258,284]" name="Namibia" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">NAMIBIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45358D75FF79FEA9B280126B" box="[151,235,295,321]" country="Namibia" name="Zambezi" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Caprivi</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345358D75FF1AFEA9B346126B" box="[244,301,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Strip</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E924601245358D75FED4FEA9B3E7126B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452A8D75FF79F903B62B1183:E924601245358D75FED4FEA9B3E7126B" box="[314,396,295,321]" country="Namibia" municipality="Strip" name="Lizauli" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" stateProvince="Zambezi">Lizauli</location>
,
<date id="9845100945358D75FE77FEA8B392126B" box="[409,505,294,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="2015-01-07">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145358D75FE77FEA8B392126B" box="[409,505,294,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="2015-01-07">7.I.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FDD6FEA9B0CB126B" box="[568,672,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">S. Prepsl</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045358D75FD43FEA9B0BB126B" box="[685,720,295,321]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45358D75FD0FFEA9B146126B" box="[737,813,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">MSVI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445358D75FCACFEA9B6C0126B" box="[834,1195,295,321]" collectingDate="1923-01" collectionCode="MSNVE" country="Namibia" location="Nagusib" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<location id="E924601245358D75FCACFEA9B1C9126B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452A8D75FF79F903B62B1183:E924601245358D75FCACFEA9B1C9126B" box="[834,930,295,321]" country="Namibia" name="Nagusib" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Nagusib</location>
,
<date id="9845100945358D75FC41FEA9B192126B" box="[943,1017,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="1923-01">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145358D75FC41FEA9B192126B" box="[943,1017,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="1923-01">I.1923</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045358D75FBE9FEA9B642126B" box="[1031,1065,295,321]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45358D75FBD4FEA9B6C8126B" box="[1082,1187,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">MSNVE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445358D75FB59FEA9B14F124F" collectingDate="2003-03-15" collectionCode="OLML" collectorName="M. &amp; J. Schwarz" country="Namibia" location="Gmundner Lodge" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Khomas">
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45358D75FB59FEA9B77C126B" box="[1207,1303,295,321]" country="Namibia" name="Khomas" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Khomas</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E924601245358D75FACAFEA9B28A124F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452A8D75FF79F903B62B1183:E924601245358D75FACAFEA9B28A124F" country="Namibia" name="Gmundner Lodge" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" stateProvince="Khomas">Gmundner Lodge</location>
,
<date id="9845100945358D75FF1FFEC4B319124F" box="[241,370,330,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="2003-03-15">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145358D75FF1FFEC4B319124F" box="[241,370,330,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="2003-03-15">15.III.2003</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FE5BFEC5B0EA124F" box="[437,641,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">M. &amp; J. Schwarz</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045358D75FD7EFEC5B0D8124F" box="[656,691,331,357]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45358D75FD28FEC5B177124F" box="[710,796,331,357]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pp0t-48s3" name="Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" type="Museum">OLML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445358D75FCDCFEC4B3BA12A3" collectingDate="1961-10-07" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="N. Transvaal &amp; H. N. Empey" country="South Africa" location="Elisras" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45358D75FCDCFEC4B181124E" bold="true" box="[818,1002,330,356]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FCDCFEC4B18C124E" box="[818,999,330,356]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FC1BFEC5B6E0124F" box="[1013,1163,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">N. Transvaal</collectorName>
,
<location id="E924601245358D75FB75FEC5B681124F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452A8D75FF79F903B62B1183:E924601245358D75FB75FEC5B681124F" box="[1179,1258,331,357]" country="South Africa" name="Elisras" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Elisras</location>
,
<date id="9845100945358D75FB17FEC5B70F124F" box="[1273,1380,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="1961-10-07">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145358D75FB17FEC5B70F124F" box="[1273,1380,331,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="1961-10-07">7.X.1961</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FF79FEE1B34F12A3" box="[151,292,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">H.N. Empey</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045358D75FEC1FEE1B33912A3" box="[303,338,367,393]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45358D75FE8FFEE1B3A112A3" box="[353,458,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">MSNVE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445358D75FE32FEE1B61412A3" box="[476,1151,367,393]" collectingDate="1899-10-03" collectionCode="MSVI" collectorName="N. Transvaal &amp; Junod" country="South Africa" location="Shilouvane" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FE32FEE1B00612A3" box="[476,621,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">N. Transvaal</collectorName>
,
<location id="E924601245358D75FD96FEE1B09212A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452A8D75FF79F903B62B1183:E924601245358D75FD96FEE1B09212A3" box="[632,761,367,393]" country="South Africa" name="Shilouvane" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Shilouvane</location>
,
<date id="9845100945358D75FCEAFEE1B10512A3" box="[772,878,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="1899-10-03">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145358D75FCEAFEE1B10512A3" box="[772,878,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="1899-10-03">3.X.1899</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FC47FEE1B18412A3" box="[937,1007,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Junod</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD4045358D75FC14FEE1B67612A3" box="[1018,1053,367,393]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C45358D75FBC5FEE1B61C12A3" box="[1067,1143,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">MSVI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445358D75FB64FEE0B6321287" collectingDate="1908-10-08" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="N. E. Rhodesia &amp; S. A. Neave" country="Zambia" location="Chambezi Riv." municipality="Luwingu" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45358D75FB64FEE0B68612A2" bold="true" box="[1162,1261,366,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FB64FEE0B68212A2" box="[1162,1257,366,392]" name="Zambia" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">ZAMBIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FB1DFEE1B7F312A3" box="[1267,1432,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">N.E. Rhodesia</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB345358D75FF79FE1DB2971287" box="[151,252,403,429]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Luwingu</collectingMunicipality>
to mouth of the
<location id="E924601245358D75FE2EFE1DB0001287" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452A8D75FF79F903B62B1183:E924601245358D75FE2EFE1DB0001287" box="[448,619,403,429]" country="Zambia" municipality="Luwingu" name="Chambezi Riv." pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Chambezi Riv.</location>
,
<date id="9845100945358D75FD96FE1DB0891287" box="[632,738,403,429]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" value="1908-10-08">
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, leg.
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,
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(
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45358D75FB8BFE1CB6821286" bold="true" box="[1125,1257,402,428]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">UNKNOWN:</emphasis>
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FB1EFE1DB7061287" box="[1264,1389,403,429]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Afr. Centr.</collectorName>
,
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(
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;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445358D75FEF5FE39B16512FB" box="[283,782,439,465]" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="A. Bottcher" country="Zambia" location="Afrika" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
D.O.
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, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F45358D75FE32FE39B00B12FB" box="[476,608,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">A. Böttcher</collectorName>
,
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E.K.H.,
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(
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45358D75FF29FE54B30A12DE" bold="true" box="[199,353,474,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FE88FE55B39612DF" box="[358,509,475,501]" name="Mozambique" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FDE8FE55B00212DF" box="[518,617,475,501]" name="Namibia" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Namibia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FD9DFE55B16912DF" box="[627,770,475,501]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FCE2FE55B11A12DF" box="[780,881,475,501]" name="Tanzania" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(including
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FC00FE55B63D12DF" box="[1006,1110,475,501]" name="Tanzania" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FB86FE55B6AB12DF" box="[1128,1216,475,501]" name="Zambia" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Zambia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945358D75FB27FE55B72A12DF" box="[1225,1345,475,501]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FAA0FE55B2B91133" author="Schulz, W. A." pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref14483" refString="Schulz, W. A. (1905) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Hymenopteren-Fauna Afrikas. In: Schulz, W. A., Hymenopterologische Studien. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 1-68." type="book chapter" year="1905">Schulz 1905</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FF30FE71B3D51133" author="Meade-Waldo, G." box="[222,446,511,537]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="30 - 51" refId="ref14382" refString="Meade-Waldo, G. (1910) New Species of Diploptera in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 5 (25), 30-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931008692723" type="journal article" year="1910">Meade-Waldo 1910</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FE24FE71B01A1133" author="Bequaert, J." box="[458,625,511,537]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="138 - 176" refId="ref13213" refString="Bequaert, J. (1928) A study of certain types of diplopterous wasps in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 2 (7), 138-176. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932808672864" type="journal article" year="1928">Bequaert 1928</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FD93FE71B1021133" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[637,873,510,537]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref13599" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1935) Contributions a l'etude de la faune du Mozambique. Voyage de M. P. Lesne (1928 - 1929). 18 e note - Hymenoptera, Vespidae. Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade Coimbra, Serie I, 82, 1-18." type="journal article" year="1935">Giordani Soika 1935</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FC9AFE71B1C41133" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[884,943,511,537]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="149 - 178" refId="ref13771" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1944) Contributo alla conoscenza dei vespidi solitari e sociali della regione etiopica. Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere et Arti, 103 (2), 149-178." type="journal article" year="1944">1944</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FC54FE71B19E1133" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[954,1013,511,537]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="7 - 53" refId="ref13935" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1973) Designazione di Lectotipi ed elenco dei tipi di Eumenidi, Vespidi e Masaridi da me descritti negli anni 1934 - 1960. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 24, 7-53." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FBEFFE71B6131133" author="Selis, M." box="[1025,1144,511,537]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="441 - 468" refId="ref14557" refString="Selis, M. (2018) Additions to the knowledge of solitary wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae), with description of eight new species. Zootaxa, 4403 (3), 441-468. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4403.3.2" type="journal article" year="2018">Selis 2018</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45358D75FB61FE71B69C1133" box="[1167,1271,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245358D75FF29FDADB62B1183" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945358D75FF29FDADB62B1183" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45358D75FF29FDADB37A1117" bold="true" box="[199,273,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Notes.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FEF7FDADB07B1117" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[281,528,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="149 - 178" refId="ref13771" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1944) Contributo alla conoscenza dei vespidi solitari e sociali della regione etiopica. Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere et Arti, 103 (2), 149-178." type="journal article" year="1944">Giordani Soika (1944</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FDF2FDADB03C1117" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[540,599,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="235 - 246" refId="ref13981" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1979) Eumenidi raccolti nel Niger, Mali e Sahara centrale da K. Guichard. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 30, 235-246." type="journal article" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845358D75FD8DFDADB0F71117" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[611,668,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref14019" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1981) Eumenidi raccolti nell'Arabia meridionale da K. Guichard (Hym.). Nota II. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 31, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
) used a broad concept of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45358D75FC2FFDADB68B1117" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Schulz" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[961,1248,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45358D75FC2FFDADB68B1117" box="[961,1248,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">Pareumenes sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Examination of
<typeStatus id="3340886B45358D75FC0FFDC9B67A114B" box="[993,1041,583,609]" pageId="16" pageNumber="221">type</typeStatus>
specimens and additional material revealed in fact the presence of morphological differences that allow to recognize all the subspecies as distinct species. The differences are resumed under each taxon and in the identification key.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

144
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<subSubSection id="A4E16542452B8D6BFF79FACEB1971670" box="[151,1020,1343,1370]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452B8D6BFF79FACEB1971670" blockId="14.[151,1020,1343,1406]" box="[151,1020,1343,1370]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<heading id="B70C81A5452B8D6BFF79FACEB1971670" bold="true" box="[151,1020,1343,1370]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFF79FACEB1971670" bold="true" box="[151,1020,1343,1370]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFF79FACEB1EE1673" authority="Giordani Soika, 1944" authorityName="Giordani Soika. A" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[151,901,1343,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pareumenes">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFF79FACEB1EE1673" authority="Giordani Soika, 1944" authorityName="Giordani Soika. A" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[151,901,1343,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFF79FACEB3461670" bold="true" box="[151,301,1344,1370]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFED0FACEB3BF1670" bold="true" box="[318,468,1344,1370]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Pareumenes</emphasis>
@ -65,32 +65,44 @@
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452B8D6BFF79FA27B35316F5" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452B8D6BFF79FA27B35316F5" blockId="14.[151,1436,1448,1503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E7452B8D6BFF79FA27B35316F5" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452B8D6BFF79FA27B18716EA" box="[151,1004,1448,1472]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452B8D6BFF79FA27B18716EA" blockId="14.[151,1436,1448,1503]" box="[151,1004,1448,1472]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D8452B8D6BFF79FA27B15316EA" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,824,1448,1472]" page="157" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" year="1944">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFF79FA27B15316EA" ID-CoL="5K7K5" authority="Giordani Soika, 1944: 157" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="157" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,824,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="occidentalis">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFF79FA27B15316EA" ID-CoL="5K7K5" authority="Giordani Soika, 1944: 157" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="157" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,824,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFF79FA27B07516EA" box="[151,542,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Pareumenes sansibaricus occidentalis</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452B8D6BFDC8FA26B15316EA" box="[550,824,1448,1472]" collectionCode="MSNVE" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452B8D6BFDC8FA26B15316EA" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[550,824,1448,1472]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" pagination="149 - 178" refId="ref13771" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1944) Contributo alla conoscenza dei vespidi solitari e sociali della regione etiopica. Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere et Arti, 103 (2), 149-178." type="journal article" year="1944">Giordani Soika, 1944: 157</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(key), 158,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452B8D6BFC56FA27B1A016EA" box="[952,971,1449,1472]" count="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452B8D6BFC34FA26B18716EA" box="[986,1004,1448,1472]" count="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
—“
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFBFFFA26B68316EA" box="[1041,1256,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Africa del sud-ovest:</emphasis>
Hoarusib Otshu” (MSNVE).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452B8D6BFC05FA26B35316F5" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452B8D6BFC05FA26B35316F5" blockId="14.[151,1436,1448,1503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452B8D6BFBE6FA26B35F16F5" collectionCode="MSNVE" location="Hoarusib Otshu" municipality="Africa" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" specimenCount="1">
“
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFBFFFA26B68316EA" box="[1041,1256,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB3452B8D6BFBFFFA26B63B16EA" box="[1041,1104,1448,1472]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Africa</collectingMunicipality>
del sud-ovest:
</emphasis>
<location id="E9246012452B8D6BFB1EFA26B7F816EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452B8D6AFF79FACEB77912DF:E9246012452B8D6BFB1EFA26B7F816EA" box="[1264,1427,1448,1472]" municipality="Africa" name="Hoarusib Otshu" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Hoarusib Otshu</location>
” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452B8D6BFF20FA49B34616F5" box="[206,301,1479,1503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">MSNVE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452B8D6BFF79F983B73315F1" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452B8D6BFF79F983B73315F1" blockId="14.[151,1437,1549,2044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFF79F983B379150D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1549,1575]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFDC8F980B0C4150D" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[550,687,1550,1575]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFDC8F980B0C4150D" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[550,687,1550,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFDC8F980B0C4150D" box="[550,687,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the narrow and deep apical emargination of clypeus, the entirely striate posterior depression of propodeum, the long, flattened and acute lateral projections of propodeum, the less elongate T1 (2.05–2.15× as long as apically wide) with a longitudinal furrow on the convex posterior part, and the pale brownish pubescence.
@ -99,57 +111,65 @@ due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the prop
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452B8D6BFF29F96BB10D14A5" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452B8D6BFF29F96BB10D14A5" blockId="14.[151,1437,1549,2044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFF29F96BB3D915D5" bold="true" box="[199,434,1765,1791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452B8D6BFE54F96BB10D14A5" collectingDate="1926-03" collectingDateMax="1967-02-24" collectingDateMin="1926-03" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="D. Gillissen &amp; L. Blommers" country="Namibia" location="Ndumu Game Reserve" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452B8D6BFE54F96BB7F6146D" collectingDate="1926-03" collectingDateMax="1967-02-24" collectingDateMin="1926-03" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="Mus. Exped." country="Namibia" location="Ndumu Game Reserve" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFE54F96BB63515D5" bold="true" box="[442,1118,1765,1791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<typeStatus id="3340886B452B8D6BFE54F96BB05515D5" box="[442,574,1765,1791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
OF
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFD83F96BB63E15D5" authority="OCCIDENTALIS" authorityName="OCCIDENTALIS" box="[621,1109,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFD83F96BB63E15D5" authority="OCCIDENTALIS" authorityName="OCCIDENTALIS" box="[621,1109,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFD83F96BB63E15D5" bold="true" box="[621,1109,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">PAREUMENES SANSIBARICUS OCCIDENTALIS</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452B8D6BFB89F968B617142A" box="[1127,1148,1766,1792]" count="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
labeled “Hoarusib Otshu / S.W.A. / Mus. Exped. /
labeled “Hoarusib Otshu / S.W.A. /
<collectorName id="410E531F452B8D6BFEF8F884B3C31409" box="[278,424,1801,1828]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Mus. Exped.</collectorName>
/
<date id="98451009452B8D6BFE2DF884B0571409" box="[451,572,1801,1828]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" value="1926-03">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E1452B8D6BFE2DF884B0571409" box="[451,572,1801,1828]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" value="1926-03">Mar. 1926</collectingDate>
</date>
. [last two lines on underside] // South African Museum, / Cape Town. No 104. //
<typeStatus id="3340886B452B8D6BFF09F8A3B3E6146D" box="[231,397,1837,1863]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="holotype">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
/
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFE4AF8A0B046146D" box="[420,557,1838,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
. [last two lines on underside] // South African Museum, / Cape Town. No 104. // HOLOTYPUS /
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFE4AF8A0B046146D" box="[420,557,1838,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFE4AF8A0B046146D" box="[420,557,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFDAAF8A3B0B9146D" box="[580,722,1837,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFDAAF8A3B0B9146D" box="[580,722,1837,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFDAAF8A3B0B9146D" box="[580,722,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFD07F8A0B1DC146D" box="[745,951,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFD07F8A0B1E3146D" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[745,904,1837,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="sansibaricus" status="var. nov." variety="occidentalis">v. occidentalis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452B8D6BFD07F8A0B1E3146D" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[745,904,1837,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="sansibaricus" status="var. nov." variety="occidentalis">v. occidentalis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5BC57A0452B8D6BFC7EF8A0B1DC146D" box="[912,951,1838,1863]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" rank="variety">v.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFC23F8A3B6FA146D" box="[973,1169,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">A Giordani Soika</emphasis>
[red label]” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452B8D6BFAC6F8A3B7FA146D" box="[1320,1425,1837,1863]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">MSNVE</collectionCode>
).
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452B8D6BFF79F8DFB1631441" box="[151,776,1873,1900]" collectingDate="1926-03" collectingDateMax="1967-02-24" collectingDateMin="1926-03" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="D. Gillissen &amp; L. Blommers" country="Namibia" location="Kaross" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFF79F8DFB36F1441" bold="true" box="[151,260,1873,1899]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452B8D6BFF79F8DFB36B1441" box="[151,256,1873,1899]" name="Namibia" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">NAMIBIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
S.W.A., Kaross,
S.W.A.,
<location id="E9246012452B8D6BFE88F8DCB3DC1446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452B8D6AFF79FACEB77912DF:E9246012452B8D6BFE88F8DCB3DC1446" box="[358,439,1874,1900]" country="Namibia" name="Kaross" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Kaross</location>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452B8D6BFE2EF8DFB3881441" box="[448,483,1873,1899]" count="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452B8D6BFE1EF8DFB03D1441" box="[496,598,1873,1899]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">MSNVE</collectionCode>
,
<typeStatus id="3340886B452B8D6BFD8EF8DFB0971441" box="[608,764,1873,1899]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
).
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452B8D6BFCE2F8DFB10D14A5" collectingDate="1967-02-20" collectingDateMax="1967-02-24" collectingDateMin="1967-02-20" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="D. Gillissen &amp; L. Blommers" country="South Africa" location="Ndumu Game Reserve" municipality="Natal" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFCE2F8DFB1D41441" bold="true" box="[780,959,1873,1899]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452B8D6BFCE2F8DFB1D01441" box="[780,955,1873,1899]" name="South Africa" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Suid Afrika, Natal,
<location id="E9246012452B8D6BFB74F8DFB7F31446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452B8D6AFF79FACEB77912DF:E9246012452B8D6BFB74F8DFB7F31446" box="[1178,1432,1873,1900]" country="Namibia" name="Ndumu Game Reserve" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Ndumu Game Reserve</location>
Suid Afrika,
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB3452B8D6BFBBFF8DFB6FB1441" box="[1105,1168,1873,1899]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Natal</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E9246012452B8D6BFB74F8DFB7F31446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452B8D6AFF79FACEB77912DF:E9246012452B8D6BFB74F8DFB7F31446" box="[1178,1432,1873,1900]" country="South Africa" municipality="Natal" name="Ndumu Game Reserve" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Ndumu Game Reserve</location>
,
<date id="98451009452B8D6BFF79F8FBB35314A5" box="[151,312,1909,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" value="1967-02-20" valueMax="1967-02-24" valueMin="1967-02-20">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E1452B8D6BFF79F8FBB35314A5" box="[151,312,1909,1935]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" value="1967-02-20" valueMax="1967-02-24" valueMin="1967-02-20">20–24.II.1967</collectingDate>
@ -166,7 +186,7 @@ Suid Afrika, Natal,
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452B8D6AFF29F817B77912DF" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="distribution">
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452B8D6BFF29F817B62B1499" box="[199,1088,1945,1971]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452B8D6BFF29F817B62B1499" blockId="14.[151,1437,1549,2044]" box="[199,1088,1945,1971]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFF29F817B30A1499" bold="true" box="[199,353,1945,1971]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452B8D6BFE89F817B3A11499" box="[359,458,1945,1971]" name="Namibia" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Namibia</collectingCountry>
@ -180,6 +200,8 @@ Suid Afrika, Natal,
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C452B8D6BFC24F817B6581499" box="[970,1075,1945,1971]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452B8D6AFF29F833B77912DF" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="14" pageNumber="219" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452B8D6AFF29F833B67413D3" blockId="14.[151,1437,1549,2044]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452B8D6BFF29F833B37A14FD" bold="true" box="[199,273,1981,2007]" pageId="14" pageNumber="219">Notes.</emphasis>
Giordani Soika labelled the
@ -211,25 +233,25 @@ were already dissected by Giordani Soika, with the aedeagus missing (
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452A8D6AFDE1FE8DB0231237" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[527,584,259,285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref14019" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1981) Eumenidi raccolti nell'Arabia meridionale da K. Guichard (Hym.). Nota II. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 31, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
) used a broad concept of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFC85FE8DB6E21237" box="[875,1161,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFC85FE8DB6E21237" box="[875,1161,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFC85FE8DB6E21237" box="[875,1161,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">Pareumenes sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Examination of some specimens of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFBB3FEA9B7FE126B" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[1117,1429,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="occidentalis">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFBB3FEA9B7FE126B" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[1117,1429,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFBB3FEA9B7FE126B" box="[1117,1429,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">P. sansibaricus occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including the
<typeStatus id="3340886B452A8D6AFEDCFEC5B309124F" box="[306,354,331,357]" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">type</typeStatus>
series, however revealed several morphological characters that allow to consider
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFB17FEC5B7F7124F" authorityName="Giordani Soika. A" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[1273,1436,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFB17FEC5B7F7124F" authorityName="Giordani Soika. A" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[1273,1436,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFB17FEC5B7F7124F" box="[1273,1436,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a distinct species: wider gena, entirely striate propodeal depression, T1 more robust, longitudinally furrowed and without translucent apical margin, and pubescence of head and mesosoma brownish and less evident. These characters are shared with
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFE50FE39B0C612FB" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[446,685,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterorufofasciatus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFE50FE39B0C612FB" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[446,685,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laterorufofasciatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFE50FE39B0C612FB" box="[446,685,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">P. laterorufofasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFCAFFE39B18812FB" authorityName="Giordani Soika. A" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[833,995,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452A8D6AFCAFFE39B18812FB" authorityName="Giordani Soika. A" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[833,995,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452A8D6AFCAFFE39B18812FB" box="[833,995,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="220">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is readily distinguished by the long and acute lateral projections of propodeum and the dorsal faces of propodeum with large yellow markings.

180
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@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
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<paragraph id="EC4436C9452C8D6CFF79FA6DB14B16D7" blockId="9.[151,800,1507,1569]" box="[151,800,1507,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<heading id="B70C81A5452C8D6CFF79FA6DB14B16D7" bold="true" box="[151,800,1507,1534]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFF79FA6DB14B16D7" ID-CoL="4DLGM" authority="Giordani Soika, 1938" authorityName="Giordani Soika. C, E" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,800,1507,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mochii" subGenus="Nortonia">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFF79FA6DB14B16D7" bold="true" box="[151,800,1507,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFF79FA6DB34616D7" bold="true" box="[151,301,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFED0FA6DB3C016D7" bold="true" box="[318,427,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Nortonia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFE53FA6DB07B16D4" bold="true" box="[445,528,1507,1534]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">mochii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452C8D6CFDF9FA6DB14B16D7" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[535,800,1507,1533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref13697" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1938) Le specie del sottogenere Nortonia Sauss. (Hym. Vespidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 60, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1938">Giordani Soika, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A4E16542452C8D6CFF79F989B287150B" box="[151,236,1543,1569]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" type="description">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452C8D6CFF79F989B287150B" blockId="9.[151,800,1507,1569]" box="[151,236,1543,1569]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
(
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)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E7452C8D6CFF79F9C2B743154E" box="[151,1320,1611,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452C8D6CFF79F9C2B1EA1549" box="[151,897,1611,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452C8D6CFF79F9C2B1EA1549" blockId="9.[151,1320,1611,1636]" box="[151,897,1611,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D8452C8D6CFF79F9C2B018154E" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,627,1611,1636]" page="113" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFF79F9C2B018154E" ID-CoL="4DLGM" authority="Giordani Soika, 1938: 113" authorityName="Giordani Soika. C, E" authorityPageNumber="113" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,627,1611,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mochii">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFF79F9C2B3341549" box="[151,351,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Pareumenes mochii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452C8D6CFE8BF9C5B018154E" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[357,627,1611,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref13697" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1938) Le specie del sottogenere Nortonia Sauss. (Hym. Vespidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 60, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1938">Giordani Soika, 1938: 113</bibRefCitation>
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,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452C8D6CFD90F9C2B0FA1549" box="[638,657,1612,1635]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(in subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFCF0F9C2B1121549" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[798,889,1612,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nortonia">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFCF0F9C2B1121549" box="[798,889,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Nortonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="EC4436C9452C8D6CFC6EF9C5B743154E" blockId="9.[151,1320,1611,1636]" box="[896,1320,1611,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452C8D6CFC75F9C5B74F154E" box="[923,1316,1611,1636]" collectionCode="MSNVE" country="Somalia" location="Warden" municipality="Warden" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" specimenCount="1">
“
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452C8D6CFC4AF9C5B6241549" box="[932,1103,1611,1635]" name="Somalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Somalia italiana</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="0C20ACB3452C8D6CFBB9F9C5B6C31549" box="[1111,1192,1611,1635]" country="Somalia" name="Warden" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Warden</collectingMunicipality>
” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452C8D6CFB50F9C2B776154E" box="[1214,1309,1612,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">MSNVE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC4436C9452C8D6CFF79F91FB762144A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1681,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFF79F91FB3791581" bold="true" box="[151,274,1681,1707]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFDCAF91DB0E21586" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[548,649,1683,1708]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nortonia">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFDCAF91DB0E21586" box="[548,649,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Nortonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the propodeal valvula not markedly exceeding the apex of the propodeum and the bell-shaped, short and basally angled T1, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the short clypeus with apical margin narrower than interantennal space, the strongly convex and bulging vertex and gena, the absence of the pronotal carina, the weakly sinuate lateral carina of propodeum, the decolorate and reflexed apical margin of T2, the basally bulging S2 with a longitudinal ridge limited to the basal bulge, and the extensive yellow and bright red pattern on black background.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452C8D6CFF29F8E7B64414E6" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452C8D6CFF29F8E7B64414E6" blockId="9.[151,1436,1681,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFF29F8E7B3DE14A9" bold="true" box="[199,437,1897,1923]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452C8D6CFE2EF8E7B64414E6" collectingDate="1935-10" collectionCode="MSNVE" collectorName="A. Mochi" country="Somalia" determinerName="Giordani Soika" location="Somalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFE2EF8E7B10414AE" bold="true" box="[448,879,1897,1924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<typeStatus id="3340886B452C8D6CFE2EF8E7B05614A9" box="[448,573,1897,1923]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
OF
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFD9FF8E4B10C14AE" authorityName="Giordani Soika. C, E" authorityYear="1938" box="[625,871,1898,1924]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mochii">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFD9FF8E4B10C14AE" bold="true" box="[625,871,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">PAREUMENES MOCHII</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452C8D6CFC95F8E4B1FB14AE" box="[891,912,1898,1924]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
labeled “Coll.
<collectorName id="410E531F452C8D6CFBABF8E4B6DF14AE" box="[1093,1204,1898,1924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">A. Mochi</collectorName>
/
<date id="98451009452C8D6CFB3DF8E4B77E14AF" box="[1235,1301,1898,1925]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" value="1935-10">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E1452C8D6CFB3DF8E4B77E14AF" box="[1235,1301,1898,1925]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" value="1935-10">X. 35</collectingDate>
</date>
/ Warden /
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452C8D6CFF79F800B2981482" box="[151,243,1934,1960]" name="Somalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Somalia</collectingCountry>
// leptogaster Walk. //
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFE1FF801B0111482" box="[497,634,1935,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFE1FF801B0111482" box="[497,634,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFD7EF800B1631482" box="[656,776,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
(
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)
</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFCF0F800B1C21482" box="[798,937,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFCF0F800B1061482" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[798,877,1934,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mochii" status="sp. nov.">Mochii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5BC57A0452C8D6CFC9AF801B1C21482" box="[884,937,1935,1960]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
/
<determinerName id="1998DA0D452C8D6CFC51F800B6021482" box="[959,1129,1934,1960]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Giordani Soika</determinerName>
det. 1939 // HOLOTYPUS /
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFF48F83DB3C514E6" box="[166,430,1970,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nortonia">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFF48F83DB3C514E6" box="[166,430,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Pareumenes (Nortonia)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFE2AF83CB02714E6" box="[452,588,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFE2AF83CB07B14E6" authorityName="Selis" authorityYear="2025" box="[452,528,1970,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mochii" status="sp. nov.">mochii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5BC57A0452C8D6CFDF9F83DB02714E6" box="[535,588,1971,1996]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFD8CF83CB14F14E6" box="[610,804,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">A Giordani Soika</emphasis>
[red label]” (
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).
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="EC4436C9452C8D6CFF29F85BB1FA14DA" blockId="9.[151,1436,1681,2032]" box="[199,913,2005,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFF29F85BB30A14C5" bold="true" box="[199,353,2005,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452C8D6CFE89F858B3A814DA" box="[359,451,2006,2032]" name="Somalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Somalia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452C8D6CFE3CF858B0AB14DA" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[466,704,2006,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref13697" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1938) Le specie del sottogenere Nortonia Sauss. (Hym. Vespidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 60, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1938">Giordani Soika 1938</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452C8D6CFD25F858B16F14DA" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[715,772,2006,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" pagination="7 - 53" refId="ref13935" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1973) Designazione di Lectotipi ed elenco dei tipi di Eumenidi, Vespidi e Masaridi da me descritti negli anni 1934 - 1960. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 24, 7-53." type="journal article" year="1973">1973</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C452C8D6CFCF2F858B1E814DA" box="[796,899,2006,2032]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Fig. 13G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

269
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFF79FA92B346161C" bold="true" box="[151,301,1308,1334]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFE53FA95B06A161C" bold="true" box="[445,513,1307,1334]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">laevis</emphasis>
(
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFF79FA0BB35F16B6" box="[151,308,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Nortonia laevis</emphasis>
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,
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—
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“
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” (
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFF79FA2DB31C1691" box="[151,375,1443,1467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Afrorhynchium dathei</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs 1–6,
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—
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“
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,
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).
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFEC2FA4FB3E116F0" bold="true" box="[300,394,1473,1498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Syn. nov</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFE64FA4CB3E516F0" bold="true" box="[394,398,1474,1498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4E16542452D8D6DFF79F986B1CA1598" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452D8D6DFF79F986B1CA1598" blockId="8.[151,1437,1544,2038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFF79F986B3791508" bold="true" box="[151,274,1544,1570]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452D8D6DFDCAF987B0E21508" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[548,649,1545,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nortonia">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFDCAF987B0E21508" box="[548,649,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Nortonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the propodeal valvula not markedly exceeding the apex of the propodeum and the bell-shaped, short and basally angled T1, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the elongate clypeus with apical margin wider than interantennal space, the vertex and gena not markedly convex, the absence of the pronotal carina, the weakly sinuate lateral carina of propodeum, the evenly convex S2 and the black and dark red pattern.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452D8D6DFF29F932B15915D0" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452D8D6DFF29F932B15915D0" blockId="8.[151,1437,1544,2038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFF29F932B3D915FC" bold="true" box="[199,434,1724,1750]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452D8D6DFE55F932B7F315FC" box="[443,1432,1724,1751]" collectingDate="2003-03-15" collectionCode="OLML" collectorName="M. &amp; J. Schwarz" country="Namibia" location="Gmundner Lodge" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Khomas">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFE55F932B04315FC" bold="true" box="[443,552,1724,1750]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452D8D6DFE55F932B04F15FC" box="[443,548,1724,1750]" name="Namibia" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">NAMIBIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B452D8D6DFDDEF932B0FB15FC" box="[560,656,1724,1750]" country="Namibia" name="Khomas" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Khomas</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E9246012452D8D6DFD73F932B10315FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452D8D6CFF79FA92B724126B:E9246012452D8D6DFD73F932B10315FC" box="[669,872,1724,1750]" country="Namibia" name="Gmundner Lodge" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" stateProvince="Khomas">Gmundner Lodge</location>
,
<date id="98451009452D8D6DFC9BF932B19D15FD" box="[885,1014,1724,1751]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" value="2003-03-15">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E1452D8D6DFC9BF932B19D15FD" box="[885,1014,1724,1751]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" value="2003-03-15">15.III.2003</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="410E531F452D8D6DFBDBF932B69115FC" box="[1077,1274,1724,1750]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">M. &amp; J. Schwarz</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452D8D6DFAE9F932B74115FC" box="[1287,1322,1724,1750]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452D8D6DFAD4F932B7FB15FC" box="[1338,1424,1724,1750]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pp0t-48s3" name="Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="Museum">OLML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452D8D6DFF79F96FB14515D0" box="[151,814,1760,1789]" collectionCode="MSNVE, MSVI" country="Sao Tome and Principe" location="SAO TOME" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFF79F96FB37115D7" bold="true" box="[151,282,1761,1789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452D8D6DFF79F96FB37D15D7" box="[151,278,1761,1789]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">SÃO TOMÉ</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Guinée, San Thomè,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452D8D6DFDE0F96EB05915D0" box="[526,562,1760,1786]" count="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452D8D6DFDD6F96EB03015D0" box="[568,603,1760,1786]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452D8D6DFD84F96EB0BB15D0" box="[618,720,1760,1786]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">MSNVE</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452D8D6DFD35F96EB14D15D0" box="[731,806,1760,1786]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">MSVI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452D8D6DFF29F88AB3361468" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452D8D6DFF29F88AB3361468" blockId="8.[151,1437,1544,2038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFF29F88AB30A1434" bold="true" box="[199,353,1796,1822]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452D8D6DFE8BF88AB3A31434" box="[357,456,1796,1822]" name="Namibia" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Namibia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452D8D6DFE3CF88AB0291434" box="[466,578,1796,1822]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452D8D6DFDA2F88AB0B21434" box="[588,729,1796,1822]" name="South Africa" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452D8D6DFD0BF88AB1A61434" author="von Schulthess, A." box="[741,973,1796,1822]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" pagination="361 - 367" refId="ref14707" refString="von Schulthess, A. (1903) Neue Arten der Vespidengattungen Nortonia Sauss. und Plagiolabra, Eumenidarum nov. gen. Verhandlunger der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 53, 361-367." type="journal article" year="1903">von Schulthess 1903</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452D8D6DFC39F88AB6D41434" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[983,1215,1796,1822]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref13697" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1938) Le specie del sottogenere Nortonia Sauss. (Hym. Vespidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 60, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1938">Giordani Soika 1938</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452D8D6DFB26F88AB7681434" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[1224,1283,1796,1822]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref14059" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117-214." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452D8D6DFAE3F88AB2BA1468" author="Gusenleitner, J." pageId="8" pageNumber="213" pagination="523 - 540" refId="ref14261" refString="Gusenleitner, J. (2012) Uber bemerkenswerte Faltenwespen aus der athiopischen Region (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Teil 8. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 44 (1), 523-540." type="journal article" year="2012">Gusenleitner 2012</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C452D8D6DFF06F8A6B33B1468" box="[232,336,1832,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Fig. 13G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452D8D6CFF29F8C2B724126B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452D8D6DFF29F8C2B6E114A0" blockId="8.[151,1437,1544,2038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFF29F8C2B37A144C" bold="true" box="[199,273,1868,1894]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Notes.</emphasis>
The female specimen in MSNVE was examined by
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452D8D6DFC8AF8C2B6F7144C" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[868,1180,1868,1894]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref14059" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117-214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika (1987: 204)</bibRefCitation>
to describe the female sex of this taxon and is labeled as
<typeStatus id="3340886B452D8D6DFDF8F8FEB01814A0" box="[534,627,1904,1930]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
, but in fact it does not belong to the type series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452D8D6CFF29F81AB724126B" blockId="8.[151,1437,1544,2038]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">
Comparison of pictures of the
<typeStatus id="3340886B452D8D6DFDFFF81AB0181484" box="[529,627,1940,1966]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFD7AF81AB1EC1484" box="[660,903,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452D8D6DFD7AF81AB1571484" box="[660,828,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Afrorhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Afrorhynchium</taxonomicName>
dathei
</emphasis>
with specimens of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452D8D6DFBB9F81BB74D1484" baseAuthorityName="von Schulthess" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1111,1318,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFBB9F81BB74D1484" box="[1111,1318,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">Pareumenes laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including the mentioned “
<typeStatus id="3340886B452D8D6DFEA0F836B3C414F8" box="[334,431,1976,2002]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
”, did not allow finding any character useful to recognize them as two distinct species. The
<typeStatus id="3340886B452D8D6DFF23F852B34414DC" box="[205,303,2012,2038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="213" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452D8D6DFEB4F852B03A14DC" box="[346,593,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452D8D6DFEB4F852B06914DC" box="[346,514,2012,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Afrorhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Afrorhynchium</taxonomicName>
dathei
</emphasis>
from
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452D8D6DFD75F852B14614DC" box="[667,813,2012,2038]" name="South Africa" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">South Africa</collectingCountry>
differs from the specimens from
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452D8D6DFB5AF852B74D14DC" box="[1204,1318,2012,2038]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="8" pageNumber="213">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
in having reduced red markings, small yellowish spots at sides of T2 and coarser and denser punctures on mesepisternum. These characters are here regarded as simple intraspecific variability, probably related to the different climatic conditions, leading to the synonymy of
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFDA3FF51B12A13D3" box="[589,833,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFDA3FF51B09E13D3" box="[589,757,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Afrorhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Afrorhynchium</taxonomicName>
dathei
</emphasis>
under
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFC62FF51B63613D3" baseAuthorityName="von Schulthess" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[908,1117,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFC62FF51B63613D3" box="[908,1117,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Pareumenes laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This is further supported by the examination of a female specimen from
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452C8D6CFD6FFE8DB08F1237" box="[641,740,259,285]" name="Namibia" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">Namibia</collectingCountry>
, showing an even darker pattern than the
<typeStatus id="3340886B452C8D6CFB5FFE8DB7781237" box="[1201,1299,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFAD6FE8DB7F71237" box="[1336,1436,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">A. dathei</emphasis>
but having the sculpture of the mesepisternum intermediate between
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452C8D6CFC75FEA9B193126B" baseAuthorityName="von Schulthess" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[923,1016,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFC75FEA9B193126B" box="[923,1016,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">P. laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452C8D6CFBD3FEA9B6C7126B" box="[1085,1196,295,321]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
and
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452C8D6CFB0DFEA9B723126B" box="[1251,1352,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="214">A. dathei</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

114
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<subSubSection id="A4E16542452E8D6EFF79F929B64E15EB" box="[151,1061,1702,1729]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452E8D6EFF79F929B64E15EB" blockId="11.[151,1061,1702,1765]" box="[151,1061,1702,1729]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">
<heading id="B70C81A5452E8D6EFF79F929B64E15EB" bold="true" box="[151,1061,1702,1729]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" reason="1">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452E8D6EFF79F929B64E15EB" bold="true" box="[151,1061,1702,1729]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFF79F929B1C315EA" authority="Giordani Soika, 1979" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[151,936,1702,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavopetiolatus" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pareumenes">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFF79F929B1C315EA" authority="Giordani Soika, 1979" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[151,936,1702,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavopetiolatus" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452E8D6EFF79F929B34615EB" bold="true" box="[151,301,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452E8D6EFED0F929B3BF15EB" bold="true" box="[318,468,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">Pareumenes</emphasis>
@ -66,32 +66,40 @@
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452E8D6EFF79F884B6F51408" box="[151,1182,1802,1826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452E8D6EFF79F884B6F51408" blockId="11.[151,1182,1802,1826]" box="[151,1182,1802,1826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCEB11E7452E8D6EFF79F884B6F51408" box="[151,1182,1802,1826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452E8D6EFF79F884B1031408" box="[151,872,1802,1826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452E8D6EFF79F884B1031408" blockId="11.[151,1182,1802,1826]" box="[151,872,1802,1826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">
<treatmentCitation id="6D5A10D8452E8D6EFF79F884B1271408" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,844,1802,1826]" page="244" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" year="1979">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFF79F884B1271408" ID-CoL="5K7K2" authority="Giordani Soika, 1979: 244" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="244" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,844,1802,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="flavopetiolatus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFF79F884B1271408" ID-CoL="5K7K2" authority="Giordani Soika, 1979: 244" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="244" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,844,1802,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="flavopetiolatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452E8D6EFF79F884B05C1408" box="[151,567,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">Pareumenes sansibaricus flavopetiolatus</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452E8D6EFDD3F884B1271408" box="[573,844,1802,1826]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Niger" location="Dosso" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Dosso">
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452E8D6EFDD3F884B1271408" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[573,844,1802,1826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" pagination="235 - 246" refId="ref13981" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1979) Eumenidi raccolti nel Niger, Mali e Sahara centrale da K. Guichard. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 30, 235-246." type="journal article" year="1979">Giordani Soika, 1979: 244</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452E8D6EFCB9F884B1031408" box="[855,872,1802,1826]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
—“
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E16542452E8D6EFC86F884B6F51408" box="[872,1182,1802,1826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452E8D6EFC86F884B6F51408" blockId="11.[151,1182,1802,1826]" box="[872,1182,1802,1826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">
—
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452E8D6EFC6AF884B6F11408" box="[900,1178,1802,1826]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Niger" location="Dosso" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dosso">
“
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452E8D6EFC63F884B1A71408" box="[909,972,1802,1826]" name="Niger" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">Niger</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B452E8D6EFC3BF884B67D1408" box="[981,1046,1802,1826]" country="Niger" name="Dosso" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">Dosso</collectingRegion>
” (NHMUK).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452E8D6EFBC3F884B6F81408" box="[1069,1171,1802,1826]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">NHMUK</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A4E16542452E8D69FF79F8C4B6AA13FF" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452E8D69FF79F8C4B6AA13FF" blockId="11.[151,1436,1866,2037]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452E8D6EFF79F8C4B379144E" bold="true" box="[151,274,1866,1892]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFDC8F8C5B0C4144E" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[550,687,1867,1892]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFDC8F8C5B0C4144E" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[550,687,1867,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452E8D6EFDC8F8C5B0C4144E" box="[550,687,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the narrow and deep apical emargination of clypeus, the largely smooth posterior depression of propodeum, the long, robust and flattened lobes of the lateral carina of propodeum, the less elongate T1 (2.05× as long as apically wide) with a deep pit near the posterior end, the decolorate and lamellar apical margin of T1, the weakly reflexed apical margin of T2 forming a translucent lamella, and the silvery pubescence.
@ -100,11 +108,11 @@ due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the prop
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245298D69FF29FF50B0C9126B" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945298D69FF29FF50B0C9126B" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FF29FF50B3C413D2" bold="true" box="[199,431,222,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445298D69FE5AFF50B0C9126B" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="A. Giordani Soika" country="Niger" location="Dosso" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Dosso" typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitation id="5C933C9445298D69FE5AFF50B0C9126B" collectingDate="1976-10-15" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="A. Giordani Soika" country="Niger" location="Dosso" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Dosso" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FE5AFF50B60613D3" bold="true" box="[436,1133,222,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<typeStatus id="3340886B45298D69FE5AFF50B05A13D2" box="[436,561,222,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
OF
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FDB6FF51B60813D3" authority="FLAVOPETIOLATUS" authorityName="FLAVOPETIOLATUS" box="[600,1123,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FDB6FF51B60813D3" authority="FLAVOPETIOLATUS" authorityName="FLAVOPETIOLATUS" box="[600,1123,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FDB6FF51B60813D3" bold="true" box="[600,1123,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">PAREUMENES SANSIBARICUS FLAVOPETIOLATUS</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
@ -114,18 +122,20 @@ labeled “
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945298D69FB02FF51B72F13D3" box="[1260,1348,223,249]" name="Niger" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">NIGER</collectingCountry>
/
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B45298D69FAB8FF51B7F713D3" box="[1366,1436,223,249]" country="Niger" name="Dosso" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Dosso</collectingRegion>
/ 15.x.76 // PAR / 1 //
<typeStatus id="3340886B45298D69FE64FE8DB05B1237" box="[394,560,259,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
/
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FDABFE8DB0A51236" box="[581,718,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<date id="9845100945298D69FF48FE8CB2921237" box="[166,249,258,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" value="1976-10-15">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E145298D69FF48FE8CB2921237" box="[166,249,258,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" value="1976-10-15">15.x.76</collectingDate>
</date>
// PAR / 1 // HOLOTYPUS /
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FDABFE8DB0A51236" box="[581,718,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FDABFE8DB0A51236" box="[581,718,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Pareumenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FD0AFE8DB1191237" box="[740,882,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FD0AFE8DB1191237" box="[740,882,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FD0AFE8DB1191237" box="[740,882,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FC68FE8DB6471237" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[902,1068,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavopetiolatus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FC68FE8DB6471237" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[902,1068,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavopetiolatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FC68FE8DB6471237" box="[902,1068,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">flavopetiolatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
@ -136,7 +146,7 @@ labeled “
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245298D69FF29FEC4B0601117" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="distribution">
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245298D69FF29FEC4B144124F" box="[199,815,330,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945298D69FF29FEC4B144124F" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,815,330,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FF29FEC4B30A124E" bold="true" box="[199,353,330,356]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="94EC765945298D69FE89FEC5B3CC124F" box="[359,423,331,357]" name="Niger" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Niger</collectingCountry>
@ -146,6 +156,8 @@ labeled “
<figureCitation id="74C02A4C45298D69FD57FEC5B149124F" box="[697,802,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,459,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-97@17.[151,1435,453,1844]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. A–F, male genitalia (from left to right: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus + volsella in medial and lateral view). G, H, distribution map. A, Pareumenes (Nortonia) enslini (von Schulthess). B, P. (N.) laevis (von Schulthess). C, P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika. D, P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika. E, P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika. F, P. (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz). G, subgenera P. (Brachyparmenes) Giordani Soika and P. (Nortonia) de Saussure. H, subgenus P. (Pareumenes) de Saussure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14830858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14830858/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4E1654245298D69FF29FEE1B0601117" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EC4436C945298D69FF29FEE1B0601117" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FF29FEE1B37A12A3" bold="true" box="[199,273,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Notes.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845298D69FEF2FEE1B07112A3" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[284,538,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" pagination="149 - 178" refId="ref13771" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1944) Contributo alla conoscenza dei vespidi solitari e sociali della regione etiopica. Atti dell'Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere et Arti, 103 (2), 149-178." type="journal article" year="1944">Giordani Soika (1944</bibRefCitation>
@ -154,17 +166,17 @@ labeled “
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B3845298D69FD9AFEE1B0C612A3" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[628,685,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref14019" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1981) Eumenidi raccolti nell'Arabia meridionale da K. Guichard (Hym.). Nota II. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 31, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
) used a broad concept of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FC09FEE1B76112A3" box="[999,1290,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FC09FEE1B76112A3" box="[999,1290,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FC09FEE1B76112A3" box="[999,1290,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">Pareumenes sansibaricus</emphasis>
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and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Photographic examination of the
<typeStatus id="3340886B45298D69FB16FE1DB7311287" box="[1272,1370,403,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FA66FE1DB3BE12FB" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">P. sansibaricus flavopetiolatus</emphasis>
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however showed how this taxon presents a markedly shorter and stouter T1 (about 2.05× as long as apically wide) and a translucent apical margin of T2. Given these morphological differences, the markedly different pattern and the geographical isolation of
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<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A45298D69FCBAFE71B6DA1133" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1979" box="[852,1201,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="flavopetiolatus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB45298D69FCBAFE71B6DA1133" box="[852,1201,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="217">P. sansibaricus flavopetiolatus</emphasis>
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in West Africa, this taxon is elevated to species-rank.

114
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<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452F8D6FFF79FA06B134168B" authority="Giordani Soika, 1981" authorityName="Giordani Soika. D" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[151,863,1415,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pareumenes">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452F8D6FFF79FA06B3461688" bold="true" box="[151,301,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">Pareumenes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452F8D6FFED0FA06B3BF1688" bold="true" box="[318,468,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">Pareumenes</emphasis>
@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
<paragraph id="EC4436C9452F8D6FFF79FA7FB69C1522" blockId="10.[151,1271,1520,1544]" box="[151,1271,1520,1544]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">
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<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452F8D6FFF79FA7FB1661522" ID-CoL="5K7JZ" authority="Giordani Soika, 1981: 116" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="116" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,781,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="arabicus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452F8D6FFF79FA7FB3921522" box="[151,505,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">Pareumenes sansibaricus arabicus</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452F8D6FFE11FA7EB1661522" box="[511,781,1520,1544]" collectionCode="NHMUK" elevation="700" location="Ayun Pools" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" specimenCount="701" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Zufar">
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452F8D6FFE11FA7EB1661522" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[511,781,1520,1544]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref14019" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1981) Eumenidi raccolti nell'Arabia meridionale da K. Guichard (Hym.). Nota II. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 31, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1981">Giordani Soika, 1981: 116</bibRefCitation>
@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452F8D6FFF79F9B8B379157A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1590,1616]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Placed in the subgenus
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452F8D6FFDC8F9B9B0C4157A" box="[550,687,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">Pareumenes</emphasis>
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due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the narrow and deep apical emargination of clypeus, the largely smooth posterior depression of propodeum, the thin and not flattened lobes of the lateral carina of propodeum, the more elongate T1 (2.3–2.6× as long as apically wide) with a deep pit near the posterior end, the decolorate and lamellar apical margin of T1, the strongly reflexed apical margin of T2 forming a translucent lamella, and the white but barely silvery pubescence.
@ -109,55 +109,53 @@ due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the prop
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OF
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<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452F8D6FFD8EF8BCB6791466" bold="true" box="[608,1042,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">PAREUMENES SANSIBARICUS ARABICUS</emphasis>
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:
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labeled “
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[circular label with red border] //
labeled “HOLOTYPE [circular label with red border] //
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B452F8D6FFE48F8D8B07C145A" box="[422,535,1878,1904]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">DHOFAR</collectingRegion>
<specimenCount id="FAFDFD40452F8D6FFDF3F8D8B000145B" box="[541,619,1878,1905]" count="700" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" type="generic">
<quantity id="2B039B2C452F8D6FFDF3F8D8B00C145B" box="[541,615,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="700.0">
<elevation id="67D6D1FA452F8D6FFDF3F8D8B00C145B" box="[541,615,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
/ Ayun Pools /
<quantity id="2B039B2C452F8D6FFDF3F8D8B00C145B" box="[541,615,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
. / Ayun Pools /
<date id="98451009452F8D6FFCFDF8D8B1FA145A" box="[787,913,1878,1904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" value="1977-10-10">
<collectingDate id="8801E9E1452F8D6FFCFDF8D8B1FA145A" box="[787,913,1878,1904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" value="1977-10-10">10.10.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="410E531F452F8D6FFC48F8D8B642145A" box="[934,1065,1878,1904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">K.Guichard</collectorName>
// HOLO /
<typeStatus id="3340886B452F8D6FFB46F8D8B72D145A" box="[1192,1350,1878,1904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
[PARA cancelled with pen] /
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452F8D6FFE7FF8F5B05614BE" box="[401,573,1914,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
// HOLO / PARATYPUS [PARA cancelled with pen] /
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452F8D6FFE7FF8F5B05614BE" box="[401,573,1914,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452F8D6FFE7FF8F5B05614BE" box="[401,573,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">P. sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452F8D6FFDB8F8F4B0D314BE" authorityName="Giordani Soika. D" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[598,696,1914,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452F8D6FFDB8F8F4B0D314BE" authorityName="Giordani Soika. D" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[598,696,1914,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452F8D6FFDB8F8F4B0D314BE" box="[598,696,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<collectorName id="410E531F452F8D6FFD3FF8F5B1C914BE" box="[721,930,1914,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">A. Giordani Soika</collectorName>
[red label] // B.M. TYPE / HYM / 18.1244 // [QR code] / NHMUK015610164” (
[red label] // B.M. TYPE / HYM / 18.1244 // [QR code] /
<specimenCode id="BC5D9EB2452F8D6FFED1F810B0411493" box="[319,554,1950,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">NHMUK015610164</specimenCode>
” (
<collectionCode id="8AEAAE0C452F8D6FFDAAF810B0DE1492" box="[580,693,1950,1976]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
).
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="5C933C94452F8D6FFD26F810B30714F6" collectingDate="2021-10-06" collectingDateMax="2021-10-06" collectingDateMin="1977-10-10" collectionCode="CSE" collectorName="M. Halada" country="Oman" elevation="45820" location="Aydam" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Dhofar" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452F8D6FFD26F810B1721492" bold="true" box="[712,793,1950,1976]" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">
<collectingCountry id="94EC7659452F8D6FFD26F810B17E1492" box="[712,789,1950,1976]" name="Oman" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">OMAN</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Dhofar,
<quantity id="2B039B2C452F8D6FFC91F810B1D11492" box="[895,954,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
<collectingRegion id="2E3FF82B452F8D6FFCCFF810B1191492" box="[801,882,1950,1976]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="10" pageNumber="215">Dhofar</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="2B039B2C452F8D6FFC91F810B1D11492" box="[895,954,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" unit="km" value="5.0">
<locationDeviation id="FDF62FEB452F8D6FFC91F810B1D11492" box="[895,954,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</locationDeviation>
</quantity>
N
<location id="E9246012452F8D6FFC33F810B65B1492" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452F8D6EFF79FA06B05F1133:E9246012452F8D6FFC33F810B65B1492" box="[989,1072,1950,1976]" country="Oman" name="Aydam" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" stateProvince="Zufar">Aydam</location>
<location id="E9246012452F8D6FFC33F810B65B1492" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:645287DF452F8D6EFF79FA06B05F1133:E9246012452F8D6FFC33F810B65B1492" box="[989,1072,1950,1976]" country="Oman" name="Aydam" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" stateProvince="Dhofar">Aydam</location>
, R
<quantity id="2B039B2C452F8D6FFBBFF810B6AE1493" box="[1105,1221,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.582" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="45820.0">
<elevation id="67D6D1FA452F8D6FFBBFF810B6AE1493" box="[1105,1221,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.582" pageId="10" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="45820.0">45, 820 m</elevation>
@ -218,17 +216,17 @@ is plausible.
,
<bibRefCitation id="886A4B38452E8D6EFDE1FEA9B023126B" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[527,584,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" pagination="111 - 116" refId="ref14019" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1981) Eumenidi raccolti nell'Arabia meridionale da K. Guichard (Hym.). Nota II. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 31, 111-116." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
) used a broad concept of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFC85FEA9B6E2126B" box="[875,1161,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFC85FEA9B6E2126B" box="[875,1161,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sansibaricus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452E8D6EFC85FEA9B6E2126B" box="[875,1161,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">Pareumenes sansibaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Examination of a pair of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFC08FEC5B691124F" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1981" box="[998,1274,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="arabicus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFC08FEC5B691124F" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1981" box="[998,1274,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="arabicus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452E8D6EFC08FEC5B691124F" box="[998,1274,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">P. sansibaricus arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including the female
<typeStatus id="3340886B452E8D6EFF00FEE1B33812A3" box="[238,339,367,393]" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, however revealed further differences from the nominotypical subspecies: apical emargination of clypeus narrower and deeper with acute lateral teeth, apical margin of T2 reflexed and forming a yellowish translucent lamella, pubescence of head and mesosoma white but not metallic. Given the morphological and chromatic differences and the geographical isolation of
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFCCFFE55B65112DF" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1981" box="[801,1082,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="arabicus">
<taxonomicName id="2BFB4D4A452E8D6EFCCFFE55B65112DF" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityYear="1981" box="[801,1082,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pareumenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sansibaricus" subSpecies="arabicus">
<emphasis id="DE8FEADB452E8D6EFCCFFE55B65112DF" box="[801,1082,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="216">P. sansibaricus arabicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Arabian Peninsula, this taxon is elevated to the species-rank.

1008
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