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<document id="4519BC0E719E43BCAC25FBC85A4B7BA1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14594996" ID-ZooBank="A8C17030-9299-49A3-B69C-0237DD2C3B32" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1735930485245" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Tavares, Gustavo Costa, Hu, Tian-Hao & He, Zhu-Qing" docDate="2024" docId="B2670A3A383AD6075ED6FEB3FCD7E547" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5555.4.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5555 (4)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudogryllotalpidae, syn. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="584" masterDocId="4E5E72423839D6025E41FFDFFFACE726" masterDocTitle="On the Myanmar amber field-crickets described as “ transitional ” mole crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidea)" masterLastPageNumber="589" masterPageNumber="579" pageNumber="582" updateTime="1736254911360" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="44852313D5111571B43F718FF653CFA8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9FC4ECCBB99EFB697FE154313C7A3EE1">
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<mods:title id="0099AA2E4081B0B5A529B54B640E3E46">On the Myanmar amber field-crickets described as “ transitional ” mole crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3FFC7246A54BF40960D644E2FD872A98">Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B94B10057A3FEB61CF2F6BFAEF793D05">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C69BBCE14A894AABAF4E9F6C9B15FAB4">Tavares, Gustavo Costa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="59629D55AC855863324C05A7E419A94F">Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Laboratório de Invertebrados, Av. Augusto Correa # 1 66075 - 110, Belém, PA, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CAF98ED1DAF12CAC48D060E6798EEA08">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A7203CCEFFF5D9E09DF338F1343765E5">Hu, Tian-Hao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2801DC310A15C6D87E9A53143AC728C9" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3210-961X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A5572858A8BBA6171AA4F3A6D0CE3545">Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Grupo de Investigación en Artrópodos “ Kumangui ” & School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2A9B793ABCEBC2F7D1AFB44F4593ABBE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FC1F7D7AA2B449F507403BC665EBAED3">He, Zhu-Qing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AC6C0C255833F25A51F355F95108951F" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4304-767X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C3F3B60BF25BB119B629F73557CC11A2">Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Grupo de Investigación en Artrópodos “ Kumangui ” & School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China & Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Grupo de Investigación en Artrópodos “ Kumangui ”</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CA6437FE37B8900CA5B0C0A06866675A" type="email">zqhe@bio.ecnu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="EFFD596F4CE96C76A67FAD1EA9709B68">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CBE55AC73DE87760ABAE208A6D2431FA">
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<mods:date id="0F385A894B9B91C8FDA329FC43930CE2">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E944A65CFD437DAFB7FE0C551450E8C7">2024-12-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2609BCEBE5A72F8C95FA93131B6C7945">5555</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B508EC5B4A3C6B06D896FE3EE7A79415">4</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="6A27BDF470250E721970ACB4AFE82D53">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.5</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="3288B2A7A739EA7665DBB5955AC19306">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B12F04280F429A2A4E8BC1F0A61CC943" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9D4B03075FFE549338A0D9FA647A14C2" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B2670A3A383AD6075ED6FEB3FCD7E547" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B2670A3A383AD6075ED6FEB3FCD7E547" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B2670A3A383AD6075ED6FEB3FCD7E547" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="584" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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<subSubSection id="72D4E8A7383AD6015ED6FEB3FD68E6A2" box="[151,708,364,388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383AD6015ED6FEB3FD68E6A2" blockId="3.[151,708,364,388]" box="[151,708,364,388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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||||
†
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||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015EE0FEB3FED5E6A2" authority=" Gu, Yuan & Ma" box="[161,377,364,388]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudogryllotalpidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudogryllotalpidae</taxonomicName>
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015FC1FEB3FDCDE6A2" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[384,609,364,388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">Gu, Yuan & Ma, 2024</bibRefCitation>
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||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015C26FEB3FD68E6A2" bold="true" box="[615,708,364,388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383AD6015C26FEB3FD68E6A2" box="[615,708,364,388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="72D4E8A7383AD6075ED6FE6EFCD7E547" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="584" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383AD6015ED6FE6EFF58E6D6" blockId="3.[151,1437,433,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015ED6FE6EFEB3E6ED" bold="true" box="[151,287,433,459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Comments.</emphasis>
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†Pseudogryllotalpidae
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015C6DFE6DFD3AE6EA" bold="true" box="[556,662,434,460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383AD6015C6DFE6DFD3AE6EA" box="[556,662,434,460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
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is proposed as a synonym under †
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<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015A67FE6DFB7DE6EA" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda & He" authorityYear="2023" box="[1062,1233,434,460]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pherodactylina">Pherodactylina</taxonomicName>
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for the following reasons:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383AD6015E86FE25FE83E5EE" blockId="3.[151,1437,433,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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According to the principle of priority, †
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<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015C28FE25FCB8E532" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda & He" authorityYear="2023" box="[617,788,506,532]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pherodactylina">Pherodactylina</taxonomicName>
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is the oldest name that groups the fossil taxa †
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<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015ABDFE25FA31E532" authorityName="Poinar, Su & Brown" authorityYear="2020" box="[1276,1437,506,532]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pherodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015ABDFE25FA31E532" box="[1276,1437,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Pherodactylus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="E575058E383AD6015EDEFDC1FF7DE51E" box="[159,209,542,568]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">type</typeStatus>
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genus) and †
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<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015F3BFDC1FBB5E51E" authority=", sensu Cadena-Castaneda et al. (2023)" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda" authorityYear="2023" box="[378,1049,542,568]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Burmagryllotalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015F3BFDC1FDEFE51E" box="[378,579,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Burmagryllotalpa</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015C17FDC0FD38E51E" box="[598,660,543,568]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015CE3FDC1FBB5E51E" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." box="[674,1049,542,568]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
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Cadena-Castañeda
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015DC1FDC0FC12E51E" box="[896,958,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
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(2023)
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015A6BFDC1FB5CE51E" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[1066,1264,542,568]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
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Gu
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015A18FDC0FB34E51E" box="[1113,1176,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
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(2024)
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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later included these two genera in †Pseudogryllotalpidae
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015CCDFD9DFD5BE57A" bold="true" box="[652,759,578,604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383AD6015CCDFD9DFD5BE57A" box="[652,759,578,604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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</emphasis>
|
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, along with additional genera such as †
|
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015A8CFD9DFA30E57A" box="[1229,1436,578,604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Pseudogryllotalpa</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
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<typeStatus id="E575058E383AD6015EDEFDB9FF7DE5A6" box="[159,209,614,640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
genus), †
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015F05FDB9FE16E5A6" box="[324,442,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Unidigitus</emphasis>
|
||||
, and †
|
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015C4AFDB9FDF5E5A6" box="[523,601,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Petilus</emphasis>
|
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, as well as genera synonymized by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015DBEFDB9FAC5E5A6" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." box="[1023,1385,614,640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015A98FDB8FAB8E5A6" box="[1241,1300,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2023)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
like †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015EE4FD55FE8CE582" authorityName="Xu, Fang & Wang" authorityYear="2020" box="[165,288,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Tresdigitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015EE4FD55FE8CE582" box="[165,288,650,676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Tresdigitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
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. †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015C6FFD55FD38E582" bold="true" box="[558,660,650,676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383AD6015C6FFD55FD38E582" box="[558,660,650,676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
was conceptualized similarly to †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015A48FD55FB1BE582" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda & He" authorityYear="2023" box="[1033,1207,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pherodactylina">Pherodactylina</taxonomicName>
|
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, so we propose them as synonyms.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383AD6015E86FD0DFBBBE45A" blockId="3.[151,1437,433,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
Regarding morphology, †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015CADFD0DFCF6E5CA" bold="true" box="[748,858,722,748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383AD6015CADFD0DFCF6E5CA" box="[748,858,722,748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is diagnosed as having “Proximal flagellomeres markedly compressed; prothoracic legs robust, protibia paddle-like with dactylar processes on the inner side; probasitarsus elongated; mesotibia with two parallel rows of long dorsal setae; metatibia strong, covered by dense and stout setae, with some small denticle-like spines on the inner dorsal margin, becoming larger apically” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015B1DFCE1FF54E45A" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015BC9FCE0FF18E45A" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, some discrepancies arise if we examine each characteristic:
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383AD6015E86FC5AFBCFE3C2" blockId="3.[151,1437,433,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015E86FC5AFF73E4B9" bold="true" box="[199,223,901,927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">1)</emphasis>
|
||||
“Proximal flagellomeres markedly compressed.” When comparing this with the specimens studied by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015B7EFC59FE09E4E2" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015F55FC74FEFCE4E2" box="[276,336,938,964]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2023)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and the photographs and drawings by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015D2DFC75FB87E4E2" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[876,1067,938,964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015DD8FC74FC78E4E2" box="[921,980,938,964]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2024)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, this character is not as evident as described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015F13FC11FDA3E4CE" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[338,527,974,1000]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015F3FFC10FE14E4CE" box="[382,440,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2024)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. At least, the flagellomeres have a similar shape, tending to be sub-cylindrical. However, the scape may be moderately flattened dorsoventrally (although not very prominent), as seen in various field crickets like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015F29FBC9FD11E317" authority="Gorochov, 1985" authorityName="Gorochov" authorityYear="1985" box="[360,701,1046,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Sclerogryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015F29FBC9FE50E316" box="[360,508,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Sclerogryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
Gorochov, 1985
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015CA9FBC9FA30E316" authority="Cadena-Castaneda, Tavares & Fernandes, 2022" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda, Tavares & Fernandes" authorityYear="2022" box="[744,1436,1046,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mellogryllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015CA9FBC9FCDBE316" box="[744,887,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Mellogryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015DC1FBC9FA30E316" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Tavares, G. & Marin Fernandes, J." box="[896,1436,1046,1072]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="408 - 420" refId="ref8021" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Tavares, G. & Marin Fernandes, J. (2022 a) Studies on Neotropical crickets: Mellogryllus mutus n. gen. et n. sp., an intriguing new genus and species of cricket of the Miogryllae Group (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae: Gryllini: Brachytrupina) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Zootaxa, 5125 (4), 408 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5125.4.4" type="journal article" year="2022">Cadena-Castañeda, Tavares & Fernandes, 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015EDEFBE5FEA2E372" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[159,270,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Gryllinae">Gryllinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and even in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015FF9FBE5FD72E372" authority="He, 2021" authorityName="He" authorityYear="2021" box="[440,734,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Majialandrevus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015FF9FBE5FDC4E372" box="[440,616,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Majialandrevus</emphasis>
|
||||
He, 2021
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and different
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015DC7FBE5FB80E372" authorityName="de Mello" authorityYear="1992" box="[902,1068,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Odontogryllini">Odontogryllini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
genera (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015AD5FBE5FA88E372" box="[1172,1316,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Landrevinae">Landrevinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015B7CFBE5FE3EE35E" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Tavares, G. & Marin Fernandes, J." pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="408 - 420" refId="ref8021" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Tavares, G. & Marin Fernandes, J. (2022 a) Studies on Neotropical crickets: Mellogryllus mutus n. gen. et n. sp., an intriguing new genus and species of cricket of the Miogryllae Group (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae: Gryllini: Brachytrupina) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Zootaxa, 5125 (4), 408 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5125.4.4" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015F52FB80FEE2E35E" box="[275,334,1118,1144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2022
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015FDEFB81FE76E35E" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." box="[415,474,1118,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015FA6FB81FCBBE35E" author="Campos, L. D. & de Mello, F." box="[487,791,1118,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="151 - 178" refId="ref8203" refString="Campos, L. D. & de Mello, F. de A. G. (2014) Taxonomic studies on the Neotropical Landrevinae with description of new taxa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 3852 (2), 151 - 178. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3852.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Campos & de Mello 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015D65FB81FC76E35E" author="Oya, B. H. K. & Santos, L. A. P. & Fernandes, J. A. M. & Tavares, G. C." box="[804,986,1118,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="203 - 213" refId="ref8935" refString="Oya, B. H. K., Santos, L. A. P., Fernandes, J. A. M. & Tavares, G. C. (2024) Contributions to Odontogryllini (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Landrevinae) with comments on its taxonomic status and description of a new species of Xulavuna de Mello & Campos, 2014. Zootaxa, 5424 (2), 203 - 213. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5424.2.4" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Oya
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015D1AFB80FC3AE35E" box="[859,918,1118,1144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), among others. This demonstrates it is not an exclusive characteristic of †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015D5CFB5DFC2BE3BA" bold="true" box="[797,903,1154,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383AD6015D5CFB5DFC2BE3BA" box="[797,903,1154,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, even though it is one of the two homologous characters (character 9: state 1) supporting this taxon. Upon examining this character and realizing it is not exclusive to †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015FF4FB15FDB1E3C2" bold="true" box="[437,541,1226,1252]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383AD6015FF4FB15FDB1E3C2" box="[437,541,1226,1252]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, the clade grouping this family would lose stability.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383AD6015E86FB32FF55E10E" blockId="3.[151,1437,433,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015E86FB32FF72E221" bold="true" box="[199,222,1261,1287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">2)</emphasis>
|
||||
“Prothoracic legs robust, protibia paddle-like with dactylar processes on the inner side.” This characteristic was analyzed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015F17FACDFD15E20A" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." box="[342,697,1298,1324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015C6CFACCFDC9E20A" box="[557,613,1298,1324]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2023)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. The comparison shows the different modifications seen in groups of orthopterans with legs adapted for digging. Although different, these groups share a pattern where the apical spurs of the fore tibiae take the form of dactyls or thickened spurs. Since they exhibit fossorial behavior, the effort required for digging is reflected in the first pair of legs being more robust than usual compared to related groups. That occurs in mole crickets, Jerusalem crickets, sandgropers, pygmy mole crickets, and modern field crickets, which are the most notable examples. That demonstrates that modifying the first pair of legs for digging has appeared multiple times and could be considered a convergence of different groups of orthopterans that share a subterranean lifestyle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383AD6015E86F9EDFD07E0B6" blockId="3.[151,1437,433,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
This characteristic was codified in the morphological matrix used by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015D9DF9EDFB3FE16A" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[988,1171,1586,1612]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015A46F9ECFBEDE16A" box="[1031,1089,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2024)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and corresponds to the binary character16 (leg development). Some comments must be made regarding the codification of this character once the two states are (0) “Not Sturdy” and (1) “Sturdy.” Additionally, this character was recovered as a synapomorphy of the clade Gryllotalpoidea + †Pseudogryllotalpidae. However, this character seems arbitrary, as no parameters define what constitutes a robust foreleg. All representatives of †Pseudogryllotalpidae were coded as having robust legs (state 1, see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015F14F939FE54E026" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[341,504,1766,1792]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015F3FF938FE03E026" box="[382,431,1766,1792]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Data S2). However, these crickets have legs similar to modern burrowing crickets, such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015EB3F8D5FE2DE002" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda, Tavares & Fernandes" authorityYear="2022" box="[242,385,1802,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mellogryllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015EB3F8D5FE2DE002" box="[242,385,1802,1828]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Mellogryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Additionally, the species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015CECF8D5FBFEE002" authority="Saussure" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" box="[685,1106,1802,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmecophilidae" genus="Myrmecophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015CECF8D5FC4AE002" box="[685,998,1802,1828]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Myrmecophilus americanus</emphasis>
|
||||
Saussure
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383AD6015A20F8D5FA80E002" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1874" box="[1121,1324,1802,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmecophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Myrmecophilidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) was also coded as state 1, meaning it has a robust leg. However, these crickets have slender legs because, despite living in cavities, they are not burrowers but rather parasites in ant nests. Thus, they do not dig galleries; they merely take advantage of those built by ants (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383AD6015C48F8A9FD32E0B6" author="Junker, E. A." box="[521,670,1910,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="93 - 106" refId="ref8831" refString="Junker, E. A. (1997) Untersuchungen zur Lebensweise und Entwicklung von Myrmecophilus acervorum (Panzer, 1799) (Saltatoria, Myrmecophilidae). Articulata, 12 (2), 93 - 106." type="journal article" year="1997">Junker, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383AD6065E86F846FCF6E63B" blockId="3.[151,1437,433,2008]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="583" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383AD6015E86F846FF73E095" bold="true" box="[199,223,1945,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">3)</emphasis>
|
||||
“Probasitarsus elongated.” This characteristic could be subject to variation. For example, it is not specified how elongated it is, which can lead to subjective interpretation. The consistent feature of this characteristic in the different fossil taxa analyzed here is that the first tarsomere of the foreleg can be as long as one-third or half the length of the foretibia. However, this first tarsomere can be similar in size to the third tarsomere or slightly longer, as can happen in different groups of crickets like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065C81FF00FC86E7DF" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[704,810,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gryllidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or some
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065DD0FF00FBE8E7DF" box="[913,1092,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Phalangopsidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phalangopsidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, among others (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065AB4FF00FA3BE7DF" author="Desutter, L." box="[1269,1431,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" refId="ref8319" refString="Desutter, L. (1990) Etude phylogenetique, biogeographique et ecologique des Grylloidea neotropicaux (Insectes, Orthopteres). Ph. D. Thesis, University of Paris, Paris, 347 pp." type="book" year="1990">Desutter 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065ED6FEDCFDC7E63B" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Garcia Garcia, A." box="[151,619,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="273 - 290" refId="ref7952" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Garcia Garcia, A. (2020) Studies in Colombian Ensifera and adjacent countries: Gigagryllus, a new genus of giant field crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) with comments on current Neotropical field crickets classification. Zootaxa, 4830 (2), 273 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4830.2.3" type="journal article" year="2020">Cadena-Castañeda & García García 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065C34FEDCFCE2E63B" author="Tavares, G. C. & Oya, B. H. K. & Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & de Oliveira, M. P. A. & Castro-Souza, R. A." box="[629,846,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="82 - 111" refId="ref9253" refString="Tavares, G. C., Oya, B. H. K., Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., de Oliveira, M. P. A. & Castro-Souza, R. A. (2024) New species and records of Zebragryllus Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Castaneda, 2014 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. European Journal of Taxonomy, 932, 82 - 111. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2024.932.2511" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Tavares
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065C93FEDCFCA7E63B" box="[722,779,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383DD6065E86FEF8FB89E6F7" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
A similar character was used in the phylogenetic matrix and coded as the multistate character 23 (Probasitarsus length), with the state (0) “Basitarsus equal to the third tarsomere,” (1) “Basitarsus longer than the third tarsomere,” and (2) “Basitarsus shorter than the third tarsomere.” All †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065A68FEB0FB3EE6AF" bold="true" box="[1065,1170,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383DD6065A68FEB0FB3EE6AF" box="[1065,1170,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
species (with available information) were coded as state 1. However, this clearly is not a unique characteristic of this taxon once other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065ED6FE68FEA3E6F7" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[151,271,439,465]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="581" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Grylloidea">Grylloidea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
terminal taxa were also coded as state 1 (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065D4CFE68FC1CE6F7" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[781,944,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065D77FE68FCCBE6F7" box="[822,871,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Data S2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383DD6065E86FE05FD2EE58F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065E86FE05FF72E6D2" bold="true" box="[199,222,474,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">4)</emphasis>
|
||||
“Mesotibia with two parallel rows of long dorsal setae.” This character is one of the synapomorphies (character 27: state 1) that supports the clade of †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065D0BFE20FC1FE53F" bold="true" box="[842,947,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383DD6065D0BFE20FC1FE53F" box="[842,947,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
This has not been formally documented in other field crickets. However, it is also observed in other ground crickets such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065A77FDFCFB69E51B" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda, Tavares & Fernandes" authorityYear="2022" box="[1078,1221,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mellogryllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065A77FDFCFB69E51B" box="[1078,1221,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Mellogryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065A95FDFCFAC9E51B" authorityName="Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Castaneda" authorityYear="2014" box="[1236,1381,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Zebragryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065A95FDFCFAC9E51B" box="[1236,1381,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Zebragryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065ED6FD98FD95E547" authority="de Mello & Campos, 2014" authorityName="de Mello & Campos" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,569,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Xulavuna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065ED6FD98FE89E547" box="[151,293,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Xulavuna de</emphasis>
|
||||
Mello &
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065FD7FD98FD95E547" author="Campos, L. D. & de Mello, F." box="[406,569,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="151 - 178" refId="ref8203" refString="Campos, L. D. & de Mello, F. de A. G. (2014) Taxonomic studies on the Neotropical Landrevinae with description of new taxa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 3852 (2), 151 - 178. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3852.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Campos, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065C08FD98FBF2E547" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Tavares, G. & Marin Fernandes, J." box="[585,1118,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="408 - 420" refId="ref8021" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Tavares, G. & Marin Fernandes, J. (2022 a) Studies on Neotropical crickets: Mellogryllus mutus n. gen. et n. sp., an intriguing new genus and species of cricket of the Miogryllae Group (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae: Gryllini: Brachytrupina) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Zootaxa, 5125 (4), 408 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5125.4.4" type="journal article" year="2022">Cadena-Castañeda, Tavares & Fernandes 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065A2BFD98FAB2E547" author="Oya, B. H. K. & Santos, L. A. P. & Fernandes, J. A. M. & Tavares, G. C." box="[1130,1310,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="203 - 213" refId="ref8935" refString="Oya, B. H. K., Santos, L. A. P., Fernandes, J. A. M. & Tavares, G. C. (2024) Contributions to Odontogryllini (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Landrevinae) with comments on its taxonomic status and description of a new species of Xulavuna de Mello & Campos, 2014. Zootaxa, 5424 (2), 203 - 213. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5424.2.4" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Oya
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065AE1FD98FB76E547" box="[1184,1242,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065B68FD98FF5BE5A3" author="Tavares, G. C. & Oya, B. H. K. & Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & de Oliveira, M. P. A. & Castro-Souza, R. A." pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="82 - 111" refId="ref9253" refString="Tavares, G. C., Oya, B. H. K., Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., de Oliveira, M. P. A. & Castro-Souza, R. A. (2024) New species and records of Zebragryllus Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Castaneda, 2014 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. European Journal of Taxonomy, 932, 82 - 111. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2024.932.2511" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Tavares
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065BC9FD98FF18E5A3" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It suggests that this characteristic may occur in other crickets but has not been recorded in descriptions or studies, so it has probably been overlooked.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383DD6065E86FD6DFD5EE41F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065E86FD6DFF73E5EA" bold="true" box="[199,223,690,716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">5)</emphasis>
|
||||
“Metatibia strong, covered by dense and stout setae and with some small denticle-like spines on the inner dorsal margin, becoming larger apically.” This character is observed in modern and fossil
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065AD5FD08FE3DE433" authority="(Cadena-Castaneda et al. 2023)" baseAuthorityName="Cadena-Castaneda" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Sclerogryllini">
|
||||
Sclerogryllini (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065B7CFD08FE26E433" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065F51FD24FEEBE433" box="[272,327,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2023
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This characteristic should also be evaluated in different groups of orthopterans with fossorial habits to confirm in which groups it might be present.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383DD6065E86FC9CFF76E217" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
In addition to the characteristics presented in the diagnosis, we have to discuss some characters coded in the phylogenetic matrix and recovered as synapomorphies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065D5EFCB8FC3BE4A7" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[799,919,871,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="581" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Grylloidea">Grylloidea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and Gryllotalpoidea + †Pseudogryllotalpidae. Regarding
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065F50FC54FE20E483" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[273,396,907,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="581" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Grylloidea">Grylloidea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, three characters were recovered as synapomorphies: 29(0), 34(0), and 37(0). The homologous state 0 (no) of character 29 (Mesotibia with apical spurs ia1, ia2, oa1, and oa2) was recovered as a synapomorphy of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065ED6FC0CFEBEE4CB" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[151,274,979,1005]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="581" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Grylloidea">Grylloidea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. All terminals of the clade Gryllotalpoidea + †Pseudogryllotalpidae and the two outgroups were coded as state 1 (yes). However, it is not possible to visualize the ventral apical spur in any of the presented images of the †Pseudogryllotalpidae specimens, only in the vector illustrations where a small ventral spur is represented behind the other spurs (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065F3CFBE0FD88E37F" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[381,548,1087,1113]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065FE6FBE0FE4DE37F" box="[423,481,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Figs 4D, 5F). In the original description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065A5EFBE0FAC6E37F" authorityName="Poinar, Su & Brown" authorityYear="2020" box="[1055,1386,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pherodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micromorphus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065A5EFBE0FAC6E37F" box="[1055,1386,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Pherodactylus micromorphus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the authors described it as having only four median spurs (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065CAFFBBCFC1BE35B" author="Poinar Jr., G. & Su, Y. N. & Brown, A. E." box="[750,951,1123,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref9107" refString="Poinar Jr., G., Su, Y. N. & Brown, A. E. (2020) A new genus of crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in Mid-Cretaceous Myanmar Amber. Biosis: Biological Systems, 1 (1), 33 - 38. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.37819 / biosis. 001.01.0049" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Poinar
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065D7FFBBCFCC2E35B" box="[830,878,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Modern gryllotalpids also have four apical spurs on the mesotibia, as does
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065FB4FB58FA8AE387" authority="Perrichot, Neraudeau, Azar, Menier & Nel (2002)" authorityName="Perrichot, Neraudeau, Azar, Menier & Nel" authorityYear="2002" box="[501,1318,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Marchandia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065FB4FB58FD58E387" box="[501,756,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Marchandia magnifica</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065CBAFB58FA8AE387" author="Perrichot, V. & Neraudeau, D. & Azar, D. & Menier, J. J. & Nel, A." box="[763,1318,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="307 - 314" refId="ref9027" refString="Perrichot, V., Neraudeau, D., Azar, D., Menier, J. J. & Nel, A. (2002) A new genus and species of fossil mole cricket in the Lower Cretaceous amber of Charente-Maritime, SW France (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae). Cretaceous Research, 23 (3), 307 - 314. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / cres. 2002.1011" type="journal article" year="2002">Perrichot, Néraudeau, Azar, Menier & Nel (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, all these taxa were coded as having five spurs. It was not possible to confirm if the outgroups,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065AECFB74FE38E3CF" authority="Liu, Zhou, Bi & Tang" authorityName="Liu, Zhou, Bi & Tang" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Prophalangopsidae" genus="Aboilomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065AECFB74FA31E3E2" box="[1197,1437,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Aboilomimus ornatus</emphasis>
|
||||
Liu, Zhou, Bi & Tang
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065F8EFB10FCB3E3CF" authority="(Haan)" baseAuthorityName="Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[463,799,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Mecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niponensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065F8EFB10FD6AE3CE" box="[463,710,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Mecopoda niponensis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Haan)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, had four or five apical spurs once this character is not described in the original descriptions. However, it is not of our knowledge that any
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065A1BFB2CFB41E22B" authorityName="Krauss" authorityYear="1902" box="[1114,1261,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tettigoniidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has five apical spurs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383DD6065E86FAE4FAF1E2E7" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
The homoplastic state 0 (no) of character 34 (Metatibia apical spurs disposed around the tibial apex) was recovered as a synapomorphy of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065C41FA80FDD7E25F" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[512,635,1375,1401]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="581" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Grylloidea">Grylloidea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, the apical spurs of all taxa of †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065B71FA80FA39E25F" bold="true" box="[1328,1429,1375,1401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383DD6065B71FA80FA39E25F" box="[1328,1429,1375,1401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, represented in all the images presented in the work of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065CB6FA5CFC06E2BB" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[759,938,1411,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065D61FA5CFCF5E2BB" box="[800,857,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2024)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
or of previously described species (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065B7CFA5CFE27E2E7" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065F50FA78FEE6E2E7" box="[273,330,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2023
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065FD6FA78FDCEE2E7" author="Poinar Jr., G. & Su, Y. N. & Brown, A. E." box="[407,610,1447,1473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref9107" refString="Poinar Jr., G., Su, Y. N. & Brown, A. E. (2020) A new genus of crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in Mid-Cretaceous Myanmar Amber. Biosis: Biological Systems, 1 (1), 33 - 38. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.37819 / biosis. 001.01.0049" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Poinar
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065FA6FA78FDB4E2E7" box="[487,536,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), are arranged in pairs, three on each margin, as in other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065A9CFA78FAF4E2E7" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[1245,1368,1447,1473]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="581" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Grylloidea">Grylloidea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383DD6065E86FA14FB2FE1BF" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
Regarding the clade Gryllotalpoidea + †Pseudogryllotalpidae, the homologous state 1 (longer than the pronotum but shorter than the body) of character 7 (antenna length) was recovered as a synapomorphy. However, this trait is frequently found in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065FE2F9CCFDBCE10B" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[419,528,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gryllidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, especially those with burrowing habits (e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065A72F9CCFB68E10B" authorityName="Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Castaneda" authorityYear="2014" box="[1075,1220,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Zebragryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065A72F9CCFB68E10B" box="[1075,1220,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Zebragryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065B45F9CCFA3FE10B" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda, Tavares & Fernandes" authorityYear="2022" box="[1284,1427,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mellogryllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065B45F9CCFA3FE10B" box="[1284,1427,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Mellogryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065EDEF9E8FEF6E177" author="Oya, B. H. K. & Santos, L. A. P. & Fernandes, J. A. M. & Tavares, G. C." box="[159,346,1591,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="203 - 213" refId="ref8935" refString="Oya, B. H. K., Santos, L. A. P., Fernandes, J. A. M. & Tavares, G. C. (2024) Contributions to Odontogryllini (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Landrevinae) with comments on its taxonomic status and description of a new species of Xulavuna de Mello & Campos, 2014. Zootaxa, 5424 (2), 203 - 213. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5424.2.4" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Oya
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065E98F9E8FEB8E177" box="[217,276,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383DD6065F26F9E8FDE5E177" author="Tavares, G. C. & Oya, B. H. K. & Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & de Oliveira, M. P. A. & Castro-Souza, R. A." box="[359,585,1591,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" pagination="82 - 111" refId="ref9253" refString="Tavares, G. C., Oya, B. H. K., Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., de Oliveira, M. P. A. & Castro-Souza, R. A. (2024) New species and records of Zebragryllus Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Castaneda, 2014 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. European Journal of Taxonomy, 932, 82 - 111. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2024.932.2511" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Tavares
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065F89F9E8FDAFE177" box="[456,515,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2024
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065CAFF9E8FA30E177" authority="Saussure, 1877" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" box="[750,1436,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmecophilidae" genus="Myrmecophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americanus" subGenus="Myrmophilina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065CAFF9E8FB4AE176" box="[750,1254,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Myrmecophilus (Myrmophilina) americanus</emphasis>
|
||||
Saussure, 1877
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Myrmecophylidae) was also coded as state 1, meaning its antennae are longer than the pronotum but shorter than the body. However, these crickets have antennae that are slightly longer than their bodies.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383DD6065E86F97CFCF2E00F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
The homologous state 1 (with strong setae) of character 20 (external surface of the fore tibia) was recovered as a synapomorphy of Gryllotalpoidea + †Pseudogryllotalpidae. However, this trait is also found in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065A95F918FACFE1C7" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda, Tavares & Fernandes" authorityYear="2022" box="[1236,1379,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mellogryllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065A95F918FACFE1C7" box="[1236,1379,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Mellogryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065EB1F934FE35E022" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1877" box="[240,409,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmecophilidae" genus="Myrmecophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065EB1F934FE35E022" box="[240,409,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">M. americanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Myrmecophylidae) was also coded as state 1, meaning it possesses such setae on the fore tibia. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065F0BF8D0FDFDE00F" box="[330,593,1807,1833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065F0BF8D0FE54E00F" box="[330,504,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Myrmecophilus</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
do not exhibit this trait.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383DD6065E86F8ECFE3EE0B3" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
The homoplasious state 1 (yes) of character 25 (ventral surface of the probasitarsus with strong setae) was recovered as a synapomorphy (homoplasy) of Gryllotalpoidea + †Pseudogryllotalpidae. However, this trait is also found in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383DD6065EBDF8A4FE27E0B3" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda, Tavares & Fernandes" authorityYear="2022" box="[252,395,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Mellogryllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383DD6065EBDF8A4FE27E0B3" box="[252,395,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Mellogryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383DD6075E86F840FE4DE667" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="584" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
The homologous state 1 (yes) of character 31 (metatibia gradually thickened from the base to the tip) was recovered as a synapomorphy of Gryllotalpoidea + †Pseudogryllotalpidae. However, there is clear subjectivity here, as all representatives of Gryllotalpoidea and †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075DD2FF48FC50E797" bold="true" box="[915,1020,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383CD6075DD2FF48FC50E797" box="[915,1020,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
were coded as having this character, but the metatibia presented in the work resembles that of a common modern cricket, with a slight gradual thickening from the base to the apex. Additionally,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075C20FF00FCC5E7DF" box="[609,873,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075C20FF00FCA3E7DF" box="[609,783,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Myrmecophilus</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have the metatibia slightly enlarged medially but narrow apically. On the other hand, the terminals used in the matrix to represent
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075A09FEDCFB6CE63B" authorityName="Laicharting" authorityYear="1781" box="[1096,1216,259,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="5" pageNumber="581" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Grylloidea">Grylloidea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were coded as not having such a character state.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383CD6075E86FE94FCD7E547" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
Finally, it became clear to us that the codification of the matrix characters left room for subjectivity.Additionally, when analyzing the diagnostic characteristics of †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075DF6FEB0FBB2E6AF" bold="true" box="[951,1054,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383CD6075DF6FEB0FBB2E6AF" box="[951,1054,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, it becomes clear that they are not entirely exclusive to this family. However, compared with the morphological analysis of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383CD6075ACBFE4CFF48E6F7" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." pageId="5" pageNumber="584" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075B22FE4CFA31E68B" box="[1379,1437,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2023)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, it is evident that †Pseudogryllotalpidae
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075CFEFE68FC86E6F7" bold="true" box="[703,810,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383CD6075CFEFE68FC86E6F7" box="[703,810,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is a synonym of †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075A44FE68FB1FE6F7" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda & He" authorityYear="2023" box="[1029,1203,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pherodactylina">Pherodactylina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Based on the same arguments provided in that morphological analysis, the original placement of †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075A71FE04FB77E6D3" authorityName="Cadena-Castaneda & He" authorityYear="2023" box="[1072,1243,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pherodactylina">Pherodactylina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a subtribe of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075ED6FE20FE9DE53F" box="[151,305,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Sclerogryllini">Sclerogryllini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is preserved, dismissing the idea that it represents a different family or a transitional group between crickets and mole crickets. On the contrary, these fossil crickets and the recently described
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075AEDFDFCFABAE51A" box="[1196,1302,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmecophilidae" genus="Myrmecophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mutus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075AEDFDFCFABAE51A" box="[1196,1302,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">M. mutus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are notable examples of morphological convergence due to a similar lifestyle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
186
data/B2/67/0A/B2670A3A383CD6075ED6FBCFFCD4E1C3.xml
Normal file
186
data/B2/67/0A/B2670A3A383CD6075ED6FBCFFCD4E1C3.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="F3C66B2B9CE646873879546AD5F7C9A8">Tavares, Gustavo Costa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B148963CFB6995233D03FB53BFF885F4">Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Laboratório de Invertebrados, Av. Augusto Correa # 1 66075 - 110, Belém, PA, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2F8CDCBAFFC731B6F7288DBA389658A9">Hu, Tian-Hao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="67AF889563C761DA1A29186033D76657">Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Grupo de Investigación en Artrópodos “ Kumangui ” & School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2D080FE0C6433E0F5AA0B21402AA52A5">He, Zhu-Qing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5BF87383AF357596E543B873882442F3">2024</mods:date>
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|
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<mods:number id="EB5CA1510F86B31DD05BB5B55E54611A">2024-12-20</mods:number>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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<mods:number id="39F2F3772DBBEC79809D9A41108D6AC7">5555</mods:number>
|
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|
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<mods:number id="FD53DAFE6A9A93FEFFFEA108417023FE">4</mods:number>
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|
||||
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|
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<mods:classification id="FB106B1AAA4CA89DD0F6C0F7635D8ADC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383CD6075ED6FBCFFD0CE30C" blockId="5.[151,672,1039,1066]" box="[151,672,1039,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075ED6FBCFFD0CE30C" bold="true" box="[151,672,1039,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
†
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075EE7FBD0FD0CE30C" ID-CoL="8PV9Y" authority="Poinar, Su & Brown, 2020" authorityName="Poinar, Su & Brown" authorityYear="2020" box="[166,672,1039,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pherodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075EE7FBD0FEFFE30C" bold="true" box="[166,339,1039,1066]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Pherodactylus</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383CD6075F1BFBCFFD0CE30C" author="Poinar Jr., G. & Su, Y. N. & Brown, A. E." box="[346,672,1040,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" pagination="33 - 38" refId="ref9107" refString="Poinar Jr., G., Su, Y. N. & Brown, A. E. (2020) A new genus of crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in Mid-Cretaceous Myanmar Amber. Biosis: Biological Systems, 1 (1), 33 - 38. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.37819 / biosis. 001.01.0049" type="journal article" year="2020">Poinar, Su & Brown, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="72D4E8A7383CD6075ED6FB8AFDE5E3EF" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383CD6075ED6FB8AFD8BE34B" blockId="5.[151,702,1108,1225]" box="[151,551,1108,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1ADE9C02383CD6075ED6FB8AFD8BE34B" box="[151,551,1108,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
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= †
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="BB6F9D3D383CD6075EF9FB8BFD8BE34B" author="Wang, H. & Lei, X. & Zhang, G. & Xu, C. & Fang, Y. & Zhang, H." box="[184,551,1108,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" year="2020">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075EF9FB8BFD8BE34B" ID-CoL="8PVH2" authority="Xu, Fang & Wang, 2020" authorityName="Xu, Fang & Wang" authorityYear="2020" box="[184,551,1108,1133]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Tresdigitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075EF9FB8BFE84E34A" box="[184,296,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Tresdigitus</emphasis>
|
||||
Xu,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383CD6075F1BFB8AFD8BE34B" author="Wang, H. & Lei, X. & Zhang, G. & Xu, C. & Fang, Y. & Zhang, H." box="[346,551,1109,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" pagination="104 - 292" refId="ref9344" refString="Wang, H., Lei, X., Zhang, G., Xu, C., Fang, Y. & Zhang, H. (2020) The earliest Gryllotalpinae (Insecta, Orthoptera, Gryllotalpidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Cretaceous Research, 107, 104 - 292. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2019.104292" type="journal article" year="2020">Fang & Wang, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383CD6075ED6FBABFD12E3AD" blockId="5.[151,702,1108,1225]" box="[151,702,1139,1163]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1ADE9C02383CD6075ED6FBABFD12E3AD" box="[151,702,1139,1163]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
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=
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="BB6F9D3D383CD6075EEDFBACFD12E3AD" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[172,702,1139,1163]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" year="2024">
|
||||
†
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075EF9FBACFEDFE3AD" ID-CoL="8PV9Y" authority="Gu, Yuan & Ma, 2024" authorityName="Poinar, Su & Brown" authorityYear="2020" box="[184,371,1139,1163]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pseudogryllotalpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075EF9FBACFEDFE3AD" box="[184,371,1139,1163]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Pseudogryllotalpa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383CD6075F3BFBACFDF7E3AD" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[378,603,1139,1163]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">Gu, Yuan & Ma, 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075C20FBACFD12E3AD" bold="true" box="[609,702,1139,1163]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383CD6075C20FBACFD12E3AD" box="[609,702,1139,1163]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383CD6075ED6FB4DFDDEE38C" blockId="5.[151,702,1108,1225]" box="[151,626,1170,1194]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1ADE9C02383CD6075ED6FB4DFDDEE38C" box="[151,626,1170,1194]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
=
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="BB6F9D3D383CD6075EEDFB4DFDDEE38C" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[172,626,1170,1194]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" year="2024">
|
||||
†
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075EF9FB4DFE8FE38C" ID-CoL="8PV9Y" authority="Gu, Yuan & Yue, 2024" authorityName="Poinar, Su & Brown" authorityYear="2020" box="[184,291,1170,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Unidigitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075EF9FB4DFE8FE38C" box="[184,291,1170,1194]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Unidigitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383CD6075F6BFB4DFDA3E38C" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[298,527,1170,1194]" firstAuthor="Gu" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">Gu, Yuan & Yue, 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075C54FB4DFDDEE38C" bold="true" box="[533,626,1170,1194]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383CD6075C54FB4DFDDEE38C" box="[533,626,1170,1194]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383CD6075ED6FB6EFDE5E3EF" blockId="5.[151,702,1108,1225]" box="[151,585,1200,1225]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1ADE9C02383CD6075ED6FB6EFDE5E3EF" box="[151,585,1200,1225]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
=
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="BB6F9D3D383CD6075EEDFB6EFDE5E3EF" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[172,585,1200,1225]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" year="2024">
|
||||
†
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075EF9FB6FFDE5E3EF" ID-CoL="8PV9Y" authority="Gu, Yuan & Ma" box="[184,585,1200,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Petilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075EF9FB6FFF52E3EE" box="[184,254,1200,1224]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Petilus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383CD6075F44FB6EFE4AE3EF" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[261,486,1201,1225]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">Gu, Yuan & Ma, 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075FADFB6EFDE5E3EF" bold="true" box="[492,585,1201,1225]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1389DA45383CD6075FADFB6EFDE5E3EF" box="[492,585,1201,1225]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="72D4E8A7383CD6075ED6FB29FCD4E1C3" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383CD6075ED6FB29FBD1E15F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1270,1765]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075ED6FB29FEB3E236" bold="true" box="[151,287,1270,1296]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
The four previously mentioned genera are regarded as synonyms of †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075A04FB28FB4AE237" authorityName="Poinar, Su & Brown" authorityYear="2020" box="[1093,1254,1271,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pherodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075A04FB28FB4AE237" box="[1093,1254,1271,1297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Pherodactylus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. All the species and genera represent different sexes, developmental stages, or variations of one of the two currently recognized †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075EE4FAE0FE0AE27F" box="[165,422,1343,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pherodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075EE4FAE0FEEAE27F" box="[165,326,1343,1369]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Pherodactylus</emphasis>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Generally, all the analyzed taxa exhibit a similar coloration pattern, with variations in the intensity of spots or stripes. However, they consistently display a pair of large spots on the pronotal disc resembling “eyespots.” Although
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383CD6075FCCFA58FD92E287" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[397,574,1415,1441]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075FF4FA58FE41E287" box="[437,493,1415,1441]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2024)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
stated that the species they studied lack ocelli, this should be re-evaluated, as ocelli are present (though faint) in the other taxa analyzed. The authors were likely unable to observe this character due to the preservation state of their specimens. One of the most distinctive features is the shape of the foreleg, tympanum, and dactyls, which are consistent across the different taxa examined. The tegmina are similar in length and shape, although venation is often not discernible in most specimens (only visible to the specimens studied by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383CD6075ED6F9E4FE5EE173" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." box="[151,498,1595,1621]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075F30F9E4FE00E173" box="[369,428,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2023
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The hind tibia, characterized by several small spines on the dorsal side near the apex, is another shared character among these taxa, further linking them to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075DA3F980FBDAE15F" authorityName="Gorochov" authorityYear="1985" box="[994,1142,1631,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Sclerogryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075DA3F980FBDAE15F" box="[994,1142,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Sclerogryllus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383CD6075E86F95CFCD4E1C3" blockId="5.[151,1437,1270,1765]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
The mentioned characteristics are either consistently present or exhibit minor variations in the analyzed taxa. The genera proposed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383CD6075FB3F978FD00E1E7" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[498,684,1703,1729]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075C5FF978FDF4E1E7" box="[542,600,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2024)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
are monotypic and have been synonymized under one of the two †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075EE4F914FE09E1C3" box="[165,421,1739,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pherodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075EE4F914FEEAE1C3" box="[165,326,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Pherodactylus</emphasis>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Each case is detailed and justified below.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
111
data/B2/67/0A/B2670A3A383CD6075ED6FD6CFA30E49B.xml
Normal file
111
data/B2/67/0A/B2670A3A383CD6075ED6FD6CFA30E49B.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
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Key to †
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genera
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1. Fore tibia flattened with tympana on one or both sides. Pronotal disc not curved dorsally, with two distinct large dark “eyespots”. At least one of the sexes with developed wings. Hind tibia with more than ten small spines on the dorsal margin.......... 2 Fore tibia moderately flattened, without tympanum. Pronotal disc curving dorsally and unspotted.
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of the only known species without wings. Hind tibia with less than ten small spines on the dorsal margin................ †
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2. Male faces with two conical extensions protruding forward on each side......................... †
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383CD6075A8EFC55FA93E4B9" box="[1231,1343,906,927]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Chunxiania</emphasis>
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Male faces without modifications or extensions................................................. †
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<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383CD6075B53FC77FA30E49B" ID-CoL="8PV9Y" authorityName="Poinar, Su & Brown" authorityYear="2020" box="[1298,1436,936,957]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pherodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055ED6FD99FD1FE546" bold="true" box="[151,691,582,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">
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†
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383ED6055EE7FD99FD1FE546" authority="Xu, Wang & Fang, 2022" authorityName="Xu, Wang & Fang" authorityYear="2022" box="[166,691,582,609]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Chunxiania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fania">
|
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055EE7FD99FED2E546" bold="true" box="[166,382,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">Chunxiania fania</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383ED6055FC4FD98FD1FE546" author="Xu, C. & Wang, H. & Fang, Y. & Jarzembowski, E. A. & Zhuo, D." box="[389,691,582,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" pagination="105 - 159" refId="ref9472" refString="Xu, C., Wang, H., Fang, Y., Jarzembowski, E. A. & Zhuo, D. (2022) Chunxiania fania: a new genus and species of mole cricket (Orthoptera: Ensifera: Gryllotalpidae) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. Cretaceous Research, 134, 105 - 159. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2022.105159" type="journal article" year="2022">Xu, Wang & Fang, 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<subSubSection id="72D4E8A7383ED6055ED6FD53FD10E585" box="[151,700,651,675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383ED6055ED6FD53FD10E585" blockId="7.[151,700,651,675]" box="[151,700,651,675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1ADE9C02383ED6055ED6FD53FD14E585" box="[151,696,651,675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">
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=
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<treatmentCitation id="BB6F9D3D383ED6055EEDFD54FDF4E585" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[172,600,651,675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" year="2024">
|
||||
†
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383ED6055EF9FD54FEDEE585" authority="Gu, Yuan & Ma, 2022" authorityName="Gu, Yuan & Ma" authorityYear="2022" box="[184,370,651,675]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Chunxiania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fascia">
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055EF9FD54FEDEE585" box="[184,370,651,675]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">Chunxiania fascia</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383ED6055F39FD54FDF4E585" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[376,600,651,675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">Gu, Yuan & Ma, 2024</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055C1FFD54FD10E585" bold="true" box="[606,700,651,675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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|
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<subSubSection id="72D4E8A7383ED6055ED6FD0EFEB7E4C1" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383ED6055ED6FD0EFEB7E4C1" blockId="7.[151,1437,721,999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">
|
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<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055ED6FD0EFEB3E5CD" bold="true" box="[151,287,721,747]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
= †
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055F13FD0EFD8EE5CD" box="[338,546,721,747]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383ED6055F13FD0EFE79E5CD" authorityName="Xu, Wang & Fang" authorityYear="2022" box="[338,469,721,747]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Chunxiania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chunxiania</taxonomicName>
|
||||
fascia
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383ED6055C6CFD0EFC9EE5CD" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." box="[557,818,721,748]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">Gu, Yuan & Ma, 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055D7CFD0EFC04E5CD" bold="true" box="[829,936,721,747]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
is synonymized under †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383ED6055A86FD0DFA89E5CD" authorityName="Xu, Wang & Fang" authorityYear="2022" box="[1223,1317,721,748]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Chunxiania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fania">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055A86FD0DFA89E5CD" box="[1223,1317,721,748]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">C. fania</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The type specimen of †
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055F76FD29FE31E429" box="[311,413,757,784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">C. fascia</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055FE4FD2AFDA2E429" bold="true" box="[421,526,757,783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
is an adult male, just like the type specimen of †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383ED6055A02FD29FB0CE429" authorityName="Xu, Wang & Fang" authorityYear="2022" box="[1091,1184,757,784]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Chunxiania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fania">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055A02FD29FB0CE429" box="[1091,1184,757,784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">C. fania</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. When comparing the morphological characteristics of both
|
||||
<typeStatus id="E575058E383ED6055C7FFCC6FD0CE415" box="[574,672,793,819]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
males and the additional specimens studied by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383ED6055AF0FCC6FEA4E471" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." pageId="7" pageNumber="586" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055BC9FCC5FF18E471" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2023)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, it is evident that they belong to the same species. The shape of the foretibia, the presence of tympana on both sides and the structure of the “dactyls” are very similar. The shape of the pronotum and the pair of spots on it also match. Additionally, the diagnostic characteristics of the genus, which are the tubercles or conical projections on the face, are present in both males. Based on the arguments discussed, the synonymy of †
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055AEFFC75FABEE4E5" box="[1198,1298,937,964]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">C. fascia</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383ED6055B5BFC76FA2EE4E5" bold="true" box="[1306,1410,937,963]" pageId="7" pageNumber="586">syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
is established.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
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|
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|
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|
||||
131
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131
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|
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†
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383FD6045EE7F919FCB2E1C6" ID-CoL="BTS5V" authority="(Xu, Fang & Wang, 2020)" baseAuthorityName="Xu, Fang & Wang" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[166,798,1734,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pherodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectanguli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383FD6045EE7F919FE7AE1C7" bold="true" box="[166,470,1734,1761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">Pherodactylus rectanguli</emphasis>
|
||||
(Xu, Fang &
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383FD6045CC0F918FCB9E1C6" author="Wang, H. & Lei, X. & Zhang, G. & Xu, C. & Fang, Y. & Zhang, H." box="[641,789,1734,1761]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" pagination="104 - 292" refId="ref9344" refString="Wang, H., Lei, X., Zhang, G., Xu, C., Fang, Y. & Zhang, H. (2020) The earliest Gryllotalpinae (Insecta, Orthoptera, Gryllotalpidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Cretaceous Research, 107, 104 - 292. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2019.104292" type="journal article" year="2020">Wang, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="72D4E8A7383FD6045ED6F8D3FCBEE005" box="[151,786,1803,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383FD6045ED6F8D3FCBEE005" blockId="6.[151,786,1803,1827]" box="[151,786,1803,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1ADE9C02383FD6045ED6F8D3FCBEE005" box="[151,786,1803,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
=
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="BB6F9D3D383FD6045EEDF8D4FCBEE005" author="Jiang, X. & Xu, C. & Jarzembowski, E. A. & Xiao, C." box="[172,786,1803,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" year="2022">
|
||||
†
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383FD6045EF9F8D4FCBEE005" authority="Jiang, Xu, Jarzembowski & Xiao, 2022" authorityName="Jiang, Xu, Jarzembowski & Xiao" authorityYear="2022" box="[184,786,1803,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Tresdigitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383FD6045EF9F8D4FED7E005" box="[184,379,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">Tresdigitus gracilis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383FD6045FC3F8D4FCBEE005" author="Jiang, X. & Xu, C. & Jarzembowski, E. A. & Xiao, C." box="[386,786,1803,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref8766" refString="Jiang, X., Xu, C., Jarzembowski, E. A. & Xiao, C. (2022) A peculiar species of mole cricket (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. Cretaceous Research, 139, 1 - 6. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2022.105273" type="journal article" year="2022">Jiang, Xu, Jarzembowski & Xiao, 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="72D4E8A7383FD6055ED6F88EFEDDE7F3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="586" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A71BB2C383FD6055ED6F88EFEDDE7F3" blockId="6.[151,1437,1873,2008]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="586" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383FD6045ED6F88EFEB3E04D" bold="true" box="[151,287,1873,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
Regarding the synonymy of †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383FD6045C3EF88EFA8BE04D" authority="Jiang, Xu, Jarzembowski & Xiao, 2022" authorityName="Jiang, Xu, Jarzembowski & Xiao" authorityYear="2022" box="[639,1319,1873,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllotalpidae" genus="Tresdigitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383FD6045C3EF88EFCF5E04D" box="[639,857,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">Tresdigitus gracilis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383FD6045D23F88EFA8BE04D" author="Jiang, X. & Xu, C. & Jarzembowski, E. A. & Xiao, C." box="[866,1319,1873,1900]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref8766" refString="Jiang, X., Xu, C., Jarzembowski, E. A. & Xiao, C. (2022) A peculiar species of mole cricket (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. Cretaceous Research, 139, 1 - 6. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2022.105273" type="journal article" year="2022">Jiang, Xu, Jarzembowski & Xiao, 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
under †
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDCEC0AF383FD6045BC9F88DFEA5E0A9" baseAuthorityName="Xu, Fang & Wang" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Pherodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rectanguli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383FD6045BC9F88DFEA5E0A9" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">P. rectanguli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is confirmed based on the morphological similarities outlined by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383FD6045DAFF8AAFAFFE0A9" author="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Liu, Y. - J. & Yu, Z. - Y. & Hu, T. - H. & Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z." box="[1006,1363,1909,1935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" pagination="48 - 64" refId="ref8111" refString="Cadena-Castaneda, O. J., Liu, Y. - J., Yu, Z. - Y., Hu, T. - H., Wu, S. - Y. & He, Z. (2023) Are the recently described fossil mole crickets of Myanmar amber real gryllotalpids? (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae & Gryllidae). Zootaxa, 5311 (1), 48 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5311.1.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Cadena-Castañeda
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383FD6045A87F8A9FB52E0A9" box="[1222,1278,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2023)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383FD6045B1FF8AAFEA4E095" author="Gu, J. - J. & Yuan, W. & Ma, L. - B. & Nel, A. & Xu, Z. - Q. & Wang, N. & Jiang, C. & Ren, D." pageId="6" pageNumber="585" pagination="412 - 428" refId="ref8665" refString="Gu, J. - J., Yuan, W., Ma, L. - B., Nel, A., Xu, Z. - Q., Wang, N., Jiang, C. ,, Ren, D. & Yue. Y. (2024) More than a name: mid-Cretaceous amber fossils link crickets and mole crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Systematic Entomology, 49 (3), 412 - 428. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12621" type="journal article" year="2024">
|
||||
Gu
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383FD6045BC9F8A9FF18E095" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2024)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
used the original combinations to address the fossil terminal taxa. However, the authors did not make nor clearly state any nomenclatural acts, as the Code demands (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5E5FC6DD383FD6045D1DF862FBB9E0F1" author="Ride, W. D. L. & Cogger, H. G. & Dupuis, C. & Kraus, O. & Minelli, A. & Thompson, F. C. & Tubbs, P. K." box="[860,1045,1981,2008]" pageId="6" pageNumber="585" refId="ref9173" refString="Ride, W. D. L., Cogger, H. G., Dupuis, C., Kraus, O., Minelli, A., Thompson, F. C. & Tubbs, P. K. (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Available from: http: // www. nhm. ac. uk / hosted-sites / iczn / code / (Accessed 26 Sept. 2024)" type="url" year="1999">
|
||||
Ride
|
||||
<emphasis id="08BA673E383FD6045DDBF861FC67E0F1" box="[922,971,1981,2007]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="585">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 1999
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), so the revalidation of the original combination did not take effect. Nonetheless, the synonymy of the species is reaffirmed here to avoid future misunderstandings.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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