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<document id="D48382A032BD9EB296FD5C6082B46BFA" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.958.2671" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13912123" ID-ZooBank="AB227DD7-8F53-4240-AEBB-EB128D9CFA95" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1728554692403" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Portman, Zachary M., Arduser, Mike, Powley, Mary E. &amp; Cariveau, Daniel P." docDate="2024" docId="9E0DB32AA360061DFC288485FAC036C7" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.958.203-241.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 958" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2671/12379" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Agapostemon Guerin-Meneville 1844" docType="key" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="207" masterDocId="6234CB52A3630619FE258568FFB73524" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of Agapostemon angelicus and the A. texanus species complex (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) in the United States" masterLastPageNumber="241" masterPageNumber="203" pageNumber="206" updateTime="1729273933466" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="FE09B3F830185EB4C61B0F9EAFB1BC3E">Taxonomy of Agapostemon angelicus and the A. texanus species complex (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) in the United States</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FC9D5648B0FDF745085808CABA4E6C5F">Portman, Zachary M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="650B0EE61F971B71DD97810DAF8247E4">Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="540BFE19BD95143B4EEF60EDD29FC39D">Arduser, Mike</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDF6F366DF969D6275EA2A00A57D21E8">Conservation Research Institute, Cedarburg, Wisconsin, USA.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6BE82171190B8AFE29A869CDC1694F61" type="email">arduser.michael@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2758CC5C5580D6333AF72CA6577F0501">Powley, Mary E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6BEA43CBD80D26199FEC08AEB99F2C85">Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C2CCC13EA11FE25D90C7F0E5706CF08C">Cariveau, Daniel P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="65DA923B1CCBBCBE7998811C8725E285">Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="63C9C31AD5F805D86BABECA8E8ABC8D6">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="5EBE51B7A360061AFC288485FB903723" box="[525,1063,492,519]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFC288485FB903723" blockId="3.[525,1063,492,519]" box="[525,1063,492,519]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<heading id="4D53B550A360061AFC288485FB903723" box="[525,1063,492,519]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" reason="2">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFC7A8484FB903723" ID-CoL="QJR" authority="Guerin-Meneville, 1844" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1844" box="[607,1063,492,519]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFC7A8484FCB33722" bold="true" box="[607,772,492,518]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Agapostemon</emphasis>
Guérin-Méneville, 1844
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="5EBE51B7A360061DFE988758FAC036C7" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="207" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="key">
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<heading id="4D53B550A360061AFE988758FB87376E" bold="true" box="[189,1072,560,586]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" reason="3">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFE988758FB87376E" bold="true" box="[189,1072,560,586]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
Keys to “doubly punctate” species of
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFCAA8758FC83376E" ID-CoL="QJR" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1844" box="[655,820,560,586]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFCAA8758FC83376E" bold="true" box="[655,820,560,586]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Agapostemon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the
<collectingCountry id="6EB342ACA360061AFDAC8758FB87376E" box="[905,1072,560,586]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">United States</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFE988709FBB6367F" blockId="3.[189,1400,609,859]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
Females can be recognized from other US
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFC978709FC19375F" box="[690,942,609,635]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFC978709FCE5375F" box="[690,850,609,635]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Agapostemon</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
by the doubly-punctate scutum, which contains intermixed punctures of two distinct sizes. Males lack the doubly-punctate scutum, but can be recognized by the following combination of characters: hind femur only moderately enlarged with a ventral tooth present, S4 with swelling that reaches the posterior edge of the segment laterally, and a longer F1 that is ⅔ to ¾ the length of F2 (as opposed to half or less the length of F2). Both sexes of the “doubly punctate” species key out to
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFC858674FCAC3611" ID-CoL="65MHJ" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1872" box="[672,795,796,822]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFC858674FCAC3611" box="[672,795,796,822]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">A. texanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="72357FCDA360061AFD648673FC4E3611" author="Mitchell T. B." box="[833,1017,795,821]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refId="ref34591" refString="Mitchell T. B. 1960. Bees of the Eastern United States. Volume 1. North Carolina Experiment Station Technical Bulletin." type="book" year="1960">Mitchell (1960)</bibRefCitation>
and both sexes key out to either
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFE988629FEF9367E" ID-CoL="65MFC" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1924" box="[189,334,832,859]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelicus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFE988629FEF9367E" box="[189,334,832,859]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">A. angelicus</emphasis>
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or
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFF508629FE58367E" ID-CoL="65MHJ" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1872" box="[373,495,833,859]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFF508629FE58367E" box="[373,495,833,859]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">A. texanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="72357FCDA360061AFC318628FD72367F" author="Roberts R. B." box="[532,709,832,859]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" pagination="437 - 590" refId="ref35060" refString="Roberts R. B. 1972. Revision of the bee genus Agapostemon (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). University of Kansas Science Bulletin 49 (1): 437 - 590." type="journal article" year="1972">Roberts (1972)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="72357FCDA360061AFCDB8629FC4A367F" author="Portman Z. M. &amp; Arduser M. &amp; Lane I. G. &amp; Cariveau D. P." box="[766,1021,832,859]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" pagination="103 - 152" refId="ref34737" refString="Portman Z. M., Arduser M., Lane I. G. &amp; Cariveau D. P. 2022. A review of the Augochloropsis (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) and keys to the shiny green Halictinae of the midwestern United States. ZooKeys 1130: 103 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1130.86413" type="journal article" year="2022">
Portman
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFD4C8629FC13367E" box="[873,932,832,858]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFECF86ECFE1536BA" blockId="3.[187,1399,900,1038]" box="[234,418,900,926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFECF86ECFE1536BA" bold="true" box="[234,418,900,926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Key to females</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFE9886C2FDCD312A" blockId="3.[187,1399,900,1038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
Note that
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFF0E86C2FE0D36E7" ID-CoL="65MFC" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1924" box="[299,442,937,964]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelicus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFF0E86C2FE0D36E7" box="[299,442,937,964]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">A. angelicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFFD586C2FDC536E7" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1898" box="[496,626,937,964]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilior">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFFD586C2FDC536E7" box="[496,626,937,964]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">A. subtilior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are quite variable species, and though the characters listed here are mostly consistent, sometimes they vary. In the key, the word “generally” is used to indicate characters that work in about 90% of specimens.
</paragraph>
<key id="6235550DA360061AFE988150FAC03211" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<keyStep id="AD501A99A360061AFE988150FAC03016" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFE988150FAC031E6" blockId="3.[189,1399,1080,1330]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<keyLead id="AD55A109A360061AFE988150FAC031E6" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
1. Genal striations in hypostomal area exceptionally coarse and deep, with valleys between the ventral ridges so deep and irregular that it is difficult to see the bottom, with 5–7 large straight striae heading towards and ending along the longitudinal part of the hypostomal carina (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFED681CFFEC631E6" box="[243,369,1191,1218]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[188,231,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,936,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-336@5.[189,1398,936,1885]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Genal striae of females. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanusCresson, 1872 s. s. D. Zoomed-in view ofA. texanuss. s. striae, image of paralectotype (MCZENT548), provided by Zoe Flores and Crystal Maier of the MCZ. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912125/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 1C–D</figureCitation>
).................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFA6381CFFAC031E6" ID-CoL="65MHJ" authority="Cresson, 1872" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1872" box="[1094,1399,1191,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFA6381CFFB7F31E6" bold="true" box="[1094,1224,1191,1218]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">A. texanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72357FCDA360061AFAEA81C0FAC031E6" author="Cresson E. T." box="[1231,1399,1192,1218]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" pagination="153 - 292" refId="ref33552" refString="Cresson E. T. 1872. Hymenoptera Texana. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 4: 153 - 292. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25076272" type="journal article" year="1872">Cresson, 1872</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFEE481A5FAC03016" blockId="3.[189,1399,1080,1330]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<keyLead id="AD55A109A360061AFEE481A5FAC03016" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
– Genal striations fine (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFFCA81A5FDFA31C3" box="[495,589,1229,1255]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[188,231,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,936,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-336@5.[189,1398,936,1885]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Genal striae of females. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanusCresson, 1872 s. s. D. Zoomed-in view ofA. texanuss. s. striae, image of paralectotype (MCZENT548), provided by Zoe Flores and Crystal Maier of the MCZ. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912125/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) to moderately coarse (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFD4B81A5FC7C31C3" box="[878,971,1229,1255]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[188,231,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,936,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-336@5.[189,1398,936,1885]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Genal striae of females. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanusCresson, 1872 s. s. D. Zoomed-in view ofA. texanuss. s. striae, image of paralectotype (MCZENT548), provided by Zoe Flores and Crystal Maier of the MCZ. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912125/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
); genal striations generally curving away from or parallel to the longitudinal part of the hypostoma and towards the lateral part of the hypostomal carina (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFFF1807FFDE53016" box="[468,594,1303,1330]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[188,231,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,936,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-336@5.[189,1398,936,1885]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Genal striae of females. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanusCresson, 1872 s. s. D. Zoomed-in view ofA. texanuss. s. striae, image of paralectotype (MCZENT548), provided by Zoe Flores and Crystal Maier of the MCZ. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912125/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 1A–B</figureCitation>
) ......................................................................................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
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<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFE988033FAC03314" blockId="3.[189,1399,1371,1845]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<keyLead id="AD55A109A360061AFE988033FAC03314" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
2. Clypeus flatter, distinctly flat all the way to the apical margin, with the apical margin present as a very narrow vertical overhang (just above the apical fimbriae), forming a weak but distinct complete carina (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFF6780CEFE7330E4" box="[322,452,1446,1472]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,902,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-312@6.[189,1398,902,1853]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Comparison of Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924 and A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, female head and clypeus. A. A. angelicus, face. B. A. angelicus, apex of clypeus. C. A. subtilior, face. D. A. subtilior, apex of clypeus. Scale bars: A, C = 1 mm; B, D = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912128/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 2A–B</figureCitation>
); dorsal propodeal sculpturing moderately coarse (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFA3D80CEFBC130E4" box="[1048,1142,1446,1472]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,737,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-272@7.[189,1398,737,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Thorax of Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924 and A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, females. A. A. angelicus, propodeum. B. A. subtilior, propodeum. C. A. angelicus, side. D. A. subtilior, side. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912130" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912130/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
); pleural reticulations more strongly carinate, even posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFCC280A3FCFF30C1" box="[743,840,1483,1509]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,737,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-272@7.[189,1398,737,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Thorax of Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924 and A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, females. A. A. angelicus, propodeum. B. A. subtilior, propodeum. C. A. angelicus, side. D. A. subtilior, side. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912130" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912130/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
); metasoma with denser punctures (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFB2380A3FADD30C1" box="[1286,1386,1483,1509]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,985,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-459@8.[189,1398,985,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Female metasoma comparison. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanus Cresson, 1872 s. s. D. A. angelicus, T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to lateral areas basal to premarginal line with denser punctures. E. A. subtilior, T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to area of sparser punctures. F. A. texanus s. s., T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to area of denser punctures. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912132/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
), punctures on T1 generally contiguous (separated by less than one puncture width), even on lateral areas basal to premarginal line (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFC44837EFD0B3314" box="[609,700,1558,1584]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,985,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-459@8.[189,1398,985,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Female metasoma comparison. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanus Cresson, 1872 s. s. D. A. angelicus, T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to lateral areas basal to premarginal line with denser punctures. E. A. subtilior, T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to area of sparser punctures. F. A. texanus s. s., T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to area of denser punctures. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912132/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
red arrow).............................
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFA3B837EFAC03314" ID-CoL="65MFC" authority="Cockerell, 1924" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1924" box="[1054,1399,1557,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelicus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFA3B837EFB033314" bold="true" box="[1054,1204,1557,1584]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">A. angelicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72357FCDA360061AFA9E837EFAC03314" author="Cockerell T. D. A." box="[1211,1399,1558,1584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" pagination="529 - 560" refId="ref33273" refString="Cockerell T. D. A. 1924. Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Gulf of California in 1921. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 12 (27): 529 - 560." type="journal article" year="1924">Cockerell, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFEE48353FAC03211" blockId="3.[189,1399,1371,1845]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<keyLead id="AD55A109A360061AFEE48353FAC03211" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
– Clypeus more convex, apical margin without a very narrow vertical portion, instead more evenly curving onto the base of the apical fimbriae (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFD0C8308FC18335E" box="[809,943,1632,1658]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,902,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-312@6.[189,1398,902,1853]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. Comparison of Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924 and A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, female head and clypeus. A. A. angelicus, face. B. A. angelicus, apex of clypeus. C. A. subtilior, face. D. A. subtilior, apex of clypeus. Scale bars: A, C = 1 mm; B, D = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912128/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 2C–D</figureCitation>
); dorsal propodeum with sculpturing generally weaker, ranging from delicate to somewhat coarse (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFD9C83EDFBA23384" box="[953,1045,1669,1696]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,737,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-272@7.[189,1398,737,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Thorax of Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924 and A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, females. A. A. angelicus, propodeum. B. A. subtilior, propodeum. C. A. angelicus, side. D. A. subtilior, side. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912130" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912130/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
), and if coarser, then typically strongly anastomizing; pleural reticulations more weakly carinate, especially posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFB2C83C3FADF33E1" box="[1289,1384,1707,1733]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,737,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-272@7.[189,1398,737,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Thorax of Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924 and A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, females. A. A. angelicus, propodeum. B. A. subtilior, propodeum. C. A. angelicus, side. D. A. subtilior, side. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912130" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912130/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
); metasoma with sparser punctures (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFCAB83B8FD5933CE" box="[654,750,1744,1770]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,985,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-459@8.[189,1398,985,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Female metasoma comparison. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanus Cresson, 1872 s. s. D. A. angelicus, T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to lateral areas basal to premarginal line with denser punctures. E. A. subtilior, T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to area of sparser punctures. F. A. texanus s. s., T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to area of denser punctures. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912132/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
), punctures on T1 generally with distinct interspaces, with punctures in some areas separated by greater than one puncture width, especially laterally, just basal of the premarginal line (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A360061AFC6C8273FD163211" box="[585,673,1819,1845]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,985,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-459@8.[189,1398,985,1816]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Female metasoma comparison. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanus Cresson, 1872 s. s. D. A. angelicus, T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to lateral areas basal to premarginal line with denser punctures. E. A. subtilior, T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to area of sparser punctures. F. A. texanus s. s., T1 and T2, with red arrow pointing to area of denser punctures. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912132/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
red arrow)...................................
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA360061AFA098273FAC03211" authority="Cockerell, 1898" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1898" box="[1068,1399,1818,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilior">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFA098273FB033211" bold="true" box="[1068,1204,1818,1845]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">A. subtilior</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72357FCDA360061AFA9E8273FAC03211" author="Cockerell T. D. A." box="[1211,1399,1819,1845]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refId="ref33124" refString="Cockerell T. D. A. 1898. Note on Agapostemon texanus. Entomological News 9: 27." type="journal volume" year="1898">Cockerell, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFECF8236FE3B325C" blockId="3.[189,1399,1886,2024]" box="[234,396,1886,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA360061AFECF8236FE3B325C" bold="true" box="[234,396,1886,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Key to males</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="161B023CA360061AFE9882ECFDD432CC" blockId="3.[189,1399,1886,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Note that we rely on color of the hind tibia because it is easy and convenient, but given the color variation seen in males, it would not be surprising to find males that break the color rules, and structure should always be given precedence.</paragraph>
<key id="6235550DA367061DFE988461FAC036C7" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
<keyStep id="AD501A99A367061DFE988461FAC03746" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
<paragraph id="161B023CA367061DFE988461FAC03495" blockId="4.[189,1399,265,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
<keyLead id="AD55A109A367061DFE988461FAC03495" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
1. Hind tibia with extensive dark mark ONLY on posterior face (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFD9B8461FB8A3400" box="[958,1085,265,292]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5A–B</figureCitation>
; anterior face with no dark mark, though there may be a dark spot at the apex as in
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFD558444FC7A3463" box="[880,973,300,327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
); hind femur and tibia relatively less inflated (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFF778438FE06344F" box="[338,433,336,363]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
); hind basitarsus relatively narrow (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFD7D8438FC01344F" box="[856,950,336,363]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5K</figureCitation>
); genitalia with basal stylus thickened and a relatively small medial plate that is broader than long (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFD97841BFBB934A9" box="[946,1038,371,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,872,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-395@10.[189,1398,872,1853]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Apical view of male genitalia. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanus Cresson, 1872 s. s. D. A. texanus s. s., zoomed in with black arrow pointing to more evenly curved lower stylus. E. A. subtilior zoomed in with black arrow pointing to more laterally extending lower stylus. Scale bars: 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912138" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912138/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
)............................................... ..............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA367061DFA3B84FFFAC03495" ID-CoL="65MFC" authority="Cockerell, 1924" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1924" box="[1054,1399,406,433]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelicus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA367061DFA3B84FFFB033495" bold="true" box="[1054,1204,406,433]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">A. angelicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72357FCDA367061DFA9E84FFFAC03495" author="Cockerell T. D. A." box="[1211,1399,407,433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" pagination="529 - 560" refId="ref33273" refString="Cockerell T. D. A. 1924. Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Gulf of California in 1921. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 12 (27): 529 - 560." type="journal article" year="1924">Cockerell, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="161B023CA367061DFEE484D3FAC03746" blockId="4.[189,1399,265,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
<keyLead id="AD55A109A367061DFEE484D3FAC03746" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
– Hind tibia never with dark mark only on posterior face, can have dark marks on both anterior and posterior face (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFFB984B6FDA434DD" box="[412,531,478,505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5E–F</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFC6884B6FD7B34DD" box="[589,716,478,505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5G–H</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFD2084B6FCC634DD" box="[773,881,478,505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5I–J</figureCitation>
), no dark marks on either side (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFACD84B6FADE34DD" box="[1256,1385,478,505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5C–D</figureCitation>
), or a dark mark only anteriorly (similar to
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFCF88769FC8F3738" box="[733,824,513,540]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
); hind femur and tibia relatively larger (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFB338769FF4F371B" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5E, I</figureCitation>
); hind basitarsus not as narrow (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFC5C874DFD483764" box="[633,767,549,576]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5L–M</figureCitation>
); genitalia with basal stylus slender and tapering, and medial plate relatively large and roughly as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFDB98720FBAE3746" box="[924,1049,584,610]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,872,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-395@10.[189,1398,872,1853]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Apical view of male genitalia. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanus Cresson, 1872 s. s. D. A. texanus s. s., zoomed in with black arrow pointing to more evenly curved lower stylus. E. A. subtilior zoomed in with black arrow pointing to more laterally extending lower stylus. Scale bars: 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912138" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912138/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 6B–C</figureCitation>
) ........................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="AD501A99A367061DFE9887E2FAC036C7" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
<paragraph id="161B023CA367061DFE9887E2FAC0362B" blockId="4.[189,1401,650,996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
<keyLead id="AD55A109A367061DFE9887E2FAC0362B" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
2. Hind tibia with posterior face with large black mark (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFDA687E2FC6D3781" box="[899,986,650,677]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5J</figureCitation>
), taking up most of the tibia and generally more or less narrowly attenuated in the basal half; genitalia with basal stylus shorter and more evenly curved (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFFCC87B9FDDA37CF" box="[489,621,721,747]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,872,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-395@10.[189,1398,872,1853]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Apical view of male genitalia. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanus Cresson, 1872 s. s. D. A. texanus s. s., zoomed in with black arrow pointing to more evenly curved lower stylus. E. A. subtilior zoomed in with black arrow pointing to more laterally extending lower stylus. Scale bars: 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912138" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912138/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 6C–D</figureCitation>
); hind tarsus with second tarsomere shorter and more completely fused to basitarsus, with transition between them less obvious (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFDF5879CFB86362B" box="[976,1073,756,783]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5M</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA367061DFA63879CFAC0362B" ID-CoL="65MHJ" authority="Cresson, 1872" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1872" box="[1094,1399,756,783]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texanus">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA367061DFA63879CFB7F362B" bold="true" box="[1094,1224,756,783]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">A. texanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72357FCDA367061DFAEA879DFAC0362B" author="Cresson E. T." box="[1231,1399,757,783]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" pagination="153 - 292" refId="ref33552" refString="Cresson E. T. 1872. Hymenoptera Texana. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 4: 153 - 292. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25076272" type="journal article" year="1872">Cresson, 1872</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="161B023CA367061DFEE48670FAC036C7" blockId="4.[189,1401,650,996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
<keyLead id="AD55A109A367061DFEE48670FAC036C7" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
– Hind tibia posterior face with dark mark smaller, not taking up most of tibia (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFAE18670FAFE3616" box="[1220,1353,792,819]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5F, H</figureCitation>
) or sometimes absent (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFFEF8653FD9F3672" box="[458,552,827,854]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
), and if the dark mark is larger, it is limited to the apical half of the tibia and generally abruptly cut off rather than narrowly attenuated (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFDF48637FB87365E" box="[977,1072,863,890]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
); genitalia with basal stylus longer and straighter basally, more abruptly upturned towards apex (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFA3B86EAFB2836B8" box="[1054,1183,898,924]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,872,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-395@10.[189,1398,872,1853]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Apical view of male genitalia. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924. B. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898. C. A. texanus Cresson, 1872 s. s. D. A. texanus s. s., zoomed in with black arrow pointing to more evenly curved lower stylus. E. A. subtilior zoomed in with black arrow pointing to more laterally extending lower stylus. Scale bars: 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912138" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912138/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 6B, E</figureCitation>
); hind tarsus with second tarsomere longer and less completely fused to basitarsus, with transition between them quite obvious (
<figureCitation id="8E9F1EB9A367061DFF7286A1FE1836C0" box="[343,431,969,996]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1788,1814]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-205@9.[189,1398,475,1746]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Male hind legs. A. Agapostemon angelicus Cockerell, 1924, anterior view. B. A. angelicus, posterior view. C. A. subtilior Cockerell, 1898, lightest color, anterior view. D. A. subtilior, lightest color, posterior view. E. A. subtilior, anterior view. F. A. subtilior, posterior view. G. A. subtilior, dark, anterior view. H. A. subtilior, dark, posterior view. I. A. texanus Cresson, 1872, anterior view. J. A. texanus, posterior view. K. A. angelicus, basitarsus. L. A. subtilior, basitarsus. M. A. texanus, basitarsus. Scale bars: A–J = 1 mm; K–M = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13912136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13912136/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Fig. 5L</figureCitation>
) ....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="D1A479BFA367061DFA0986A1FAC036C7" authority="Cockerell, 1898" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1898" box="[1068,1399,969,996]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Agapostemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilior">
<emphasis id="24D0DE2EA367061DFA0986A1FB0336C0" bold="true" box="[1068,1204,969,996]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">A. subtilior</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72357FCDA367061DFA9E86A1FAC036C7" author="Cockerell T. D. A." box="[1211,1399,969,995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" refId="ref33124" refString="Cockerell T. D. A. 1898. Note on Agapostemon texanus. Entomological News 9: 27." type="journal volume" year="1898">Cockerell, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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<mods:affiliation id="9A565FCA4FA0B3EDB512470EEDCA6137">Yunnan Jinping Fenshuiling National Nature Reserve, Honghe, Yunnan 661500, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6A7B6D40E500899D8E9D323549BD4E76" type="email">2560089463@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="59A282BA52E07ECB523B240A84411C0C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="575057A38FCB5B166A1E6298B7AE9AEB">
<mods:roleTerm id="92724BA093809D56C5800C3C083144F9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9FA67009F4684FE16793FB27F7BA402A">Li, Jian-Hong</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C12BCAC707FAA5649D4E6ACC74B5B42A" type="ORCID">0009-0001-1234-7816</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E461D5DA01DEF50E8A051BFFE8666BEE">Yunnan Jinping Fenshuiling National Nature Reserve, Honghe, Yunnan 661500, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C2F4ABFF91A5FC1FF928B5EF91F5BFF2" type="email">475790500@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="78202832CB624223298E0B4E4B85F0F1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C4A57B03BB7D1C5C9527BC406EDA6E59">
<mods:roleTerm id="2E4C5DF8E28614338E0766F2EF6BFED5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="222D1A7BF9EF63ABE81239EBE7F9649D">Zhang, Liang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="43050F08CEE2D227CCD14472C9E0E27D" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3784-3135</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="174E3A93B4A67B13452252AE14D6F9A8">Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China; Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5CF49B700C45EF2FFAD47C47FDDAD3DF" type="email">zhangliang@mail.kib.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="62C5DC1DA362B08A326BCDB3B45B1077">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="EA06DDC23872407A038D9D7D05011644" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="3CCF2D4F46CFD61A64E03030F1989F7B">
<mods:title id="5804557A59505B14B64F46A475EEF004">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="421C4D16865D7BC2130713EA19CA09E5">
<mods:date id="EA12F67964AD6EFADAA2E11620313EAA">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="341BC1F5BC2499008F4856871CA4AFF2" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="2C120A90727F546C5CC8FB95771CAC9B">2024-01-16</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AFAFB181B7C5FB1A5AE5FEABEFD85B1F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="44EFD22442A8C060E363C1378453CD25">634</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3B4E256881530D162290F3FB2EEC6B59" type="issue">
<mods:number id="A8C1D0E4FF43D5415F4449ACDB1DA408">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="4D77EB17E53DCE6455AEE6E2904AEA1C" unit="page">
<mods:start id="EBE3F390646C84C96657BFCF457C5D6F">143</mods:start>
<mods:end id="2C97DAE8123F0D4049360534089DE88C">152</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="B7E2FBDBB69778276ABC9B9624063B62">
<mods:url id="C94C93EDD25539C6173858A6B56BCD7A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.634.2.4</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="2355DF5A306273421EFB6C52B984FDAA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F411F94C27B266B9AC09EC10E7F57866" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.634.2.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ED97068BD0F068459861F03ADB564923" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8F48FE2C56BE4D02B20B1493E95F5E6A" type="Zenodo-Dep">13879032</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<subSubSection id="32DD6548FFEA9551FF4EFB7AA02701B2" box="[136,892,1174,1196]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEA9551FF4EFB7AA02701B2" blockId="1.[136,1008,1174,1196]" box="[136,892,1174,1196]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFEA9551FF4EFB7AA07201B2" ID-CoL="C2XKC" authority="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityName="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityYear="2024" box="[136,809,1174,1196]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FF4EFB7AA20801B2" bold="true" box="[136,339,1174,1196]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Leptochilus brevipes</emphasis>
Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FCF4FB7BA02701B2" box="[818,892,1175,1196]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="538057AAFFEA9551FCF4FB7BA02701B2" box="[818,892,1175,1196]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32DD6548FFEA9551FC47FB7AA0AB01B5" box="[897,1008,1174,1196]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="description">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEA9551FC47FB7AA0AB01B5" blockId="1.[136,1008,1174,1196]" box="[897,1008,1174,1196]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
(
<figureCitation id="E2FC2A46FFEA9551FC4EFB7AA09101B5" box="[904,970,1174,1196]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,187,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-25@2.[154,1434,187,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Leptochilus brevipes.—A. Habit of the new fern on rock.—B. Habit of the new fern on tree trunk.—C. Rhizome.—D. Portion of fertile frond.—E. Lower portion of abaxial lamina of sterile frond.—F. Upper portion of abaxial lamina of sterile frond.—G. Middle portion of abaxial lamina of sterile frond. Photo credit: Zhen-Long Liang &amp; Jing Zhao." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13879034/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E2FC2A46FFEA9551FC10FB7AA0BF01B5" box="[982,996,1174,1195]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,195,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[162,1426,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Leptochilus brevipes.—A. Habit.—B. Portion of lamina.—C. Cross section of costa.—D. Cross section of rhizome. Stippled: vascular tissue; black: sclerenchyma strands.—E. Rhizome scale (drawn by Zhen-Long Liang based on the isotype at CDBI)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13879036/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32DD6548FFEA9551FF4EFB31A0270026" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEA9551FF4EFB31A0270026" blockId="1.[136,1452,1244,1337]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<materialsCitation id="CAAF3C9EFFEA9551FF4EFB31A11E0026" collectingDate="2023-05-26" collectionCode="KUN" collectorName="Zhi-Yong Yu &amp; Jing Zhao &amp; Yong-Ling Qiu &amp; Jian-Jun Yang &amp; Zhi-Qiang Ma" country="China" county="Jinping County" elevation="1527" latitude="22.803444" location="Jinhe Town" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.19395" municipality="Type" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="02D07653FFEA9551FF11FB31A27D01EC" box="[215,294,1245,1266]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="B803F821FFEA9551FEE8FB31A22001EC" box="[302,379,1245,1266]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="93194E4FFFEA9551FE43FB30A14101EC" box="[389,538,1244,1266]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Jinping County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="7F186018FFEA9551FDE2FB30A1CE01EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2:7F186018FFEA9551FDE2FB30A1CE01EC" box="[548,661,1244,1266]" country="China" county="Jinping County" latitude="22.803444" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.19395" municipality="Type" name="Jinhe Town" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" stateProvince="Yunnan">Jinhe Town</location>
,
<location id="7F186018FFEA9551FD59FB30A06C01EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2:7F186018FFEA9551FD59FB30A06C01EC" box="[671,823,1244,1266]" country="China" county="Jinping County" latitude="22.803444" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.19395" municipality="Type" name="Banbanqiaocun" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" stateProvince="Yunnan">Banbanqiaocun</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FCB2FB30A09B01EC" box="[884,960,1244,1266]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.527" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="m" value="1527.0">
<elevation id="F1EAD1F0FFEA9551FCB2FB30A09B01EC" box="[884,960,1244,1266]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.527" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="m" value="1527.0">1527 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1FF35004FFEA9551FC0CFB31A70801EC" box="[970,1107,1245,1266]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" precision="1" seconds="12.4" value="22.803444">22°48’12.4”N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate id="1FF35004FFEA9551FB9AFB31A7B101EC" box="[1116,1258,1245,1266]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" precision="1" seconds="38.2" value="103.19395">103°11’38.2”E</geoCoordinate>
, on limestone rocks or tree trunks in disturbed evergreen broad-leaved forests,
<date id="0E791003FFEA9551FD34FAECA02E000B" box="[754,885,1280,1302]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" value="2023-05-26">
<collectingDate id="1E3DE9EBFFEA9551FD34FAECA02E000B" box="[754,885,1280,1302]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" value="2023-05-26">26 May 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FC46FAECA2C00026" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEA9551FC46FAECA0AD000B" box="[896,1014,1280,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Zhi-Yong Yu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEA9551FBC7FAECA73E000B" box="[1025,1125,1280,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Jing Zhao</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEA9551FBA9FAECA7A5000B" box="[1135,1278,1280,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Yong-Ling Qiu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEA9551FACFFAECA6C9000B" box="[1289,1426,1280,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Jian-Jun Yang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEA9551FF7BFACFA21C0027" box="[189,327,1315,1337]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Zhi-Qiang Ma</collectorName>
BBC-13
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="A57C8861FFEA9551FE61FACFA2A60027" box="[423,509,1315,1337]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEA9551FDC5FACFA1640026" box="[515,575,1315,1336]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">KUN</collectionCode>
!;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CAAF3C9EFFEA9551FD8DFACFA0230026" box="[587,888,1315,1337]" collectingDate="2023-05-26" collectionCode="CDBI, KUN, PYU" collectorName="Zhi-Yong Yu &amp; Jing Zhao &amp; Yong-Ling Qiu &amp; Jian-Jun Yang &amp; Zhi-Qiang Ma" country="China" county="Jinping County" elevation="1527" latitude="22.803444" location="Jinhe Town" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.19395" municipality="Type" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="A57C8861FFEA9551FD8DFACFA1C10027" box="[587,666,1315,1337]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEA9551FD66FACFA1BB0026" box="[672,736,1315,1336]" collectionName="CDBI" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">CDBI</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEA9551FD2BFACFA0730026" box="[749,808,1315,1336]" collectionName="KUN" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">KUN</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEA9551FCF3FACFA0360026" box="[821,877,1315,1336]" collectionName="PYU" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">PYU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32DD6548FFEA9551FF4EFA89A2AE0D02" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEA9551FF4EFA89A15000F7" blockId="1.[136,1452,1381,2076]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FF4EFA89A3A00061" bold="true" box="[136,251,1381,1407]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Diagnosis</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFEA9551FECCFA8AA2A8009E" authorityName="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityYear="2024" box="[266,499,1382,1408]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FECCFA8AA2A8009E" box="[266,499,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Leptochilus brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFEA9551FD02FA8AA00A009E" box="[708,849,1382,1408]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decurrens">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FD02FA8AA00A009E" box="[708,849,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">L. decurrens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having strongly dimorphic fronds, slightly distinct venation, and decurrent lamina base. However,
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFEA9551FD59FA66A04000BD" authorityName="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityYear="2024" box="[671,795,1417,1443]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FD59FA66A04000BD" box="[671,795,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">L. brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by its sterile frond with lanceolate lamina and petiole less than
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FEB3FA40A2F700D9" box="[373,428,1452,1479]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
long, contrasting the sterile frond of
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFEA9551FC96FA41A08600D8" box="[848,989,1452,1478]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decurrens">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FC96FA41A08600D8" box="[848,989,1452,1478]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">L. decurrens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with narrowly ovate to ovate lamina and petiole often more than
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FE52FA23A29000F4" box="[404,459,1487,1514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEA9551FF7BFA1FA2AE0D02" blockId="1.[136,1452,1381,2076]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FF7BFA1FA2530313" bold="true" box="[189,264,1523,1549]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Plants</emphasis>
perennial, evergreen.
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FDC5FA1EA1230312" bold="true" box="[515,632,1522,1548]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Rhizomes</emphasis>
long creeping,
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FCE1FA1EA0F50313" box="[807,942,1522,1549]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="2.2" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.9">1.9–2.5 mm</quantity>
in diam., dorsiventrally flattened, scaly, with a few short phyllopodia and roots; cross section of rhizome with 5–6 vascular bundles, sclerenchyma strands 38– 49.
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FF73F9D5A3A5034D" bold="true" box="[181,254,1593,1619]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Scales</emphasis>
narrowly ovate or lanceolate, 1.8–2.3 ×
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FD11F9D5A039034D" box="[727,866,1593,1619]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.7 mm</quantity>
, brown, basifixed, slightly spreading, concolorous, clathrate, margin entire or sparsely denticulate, apex acuminate.
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FCB1F9B0A0970368" bold="true" box="[887,972,1628,1654]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Fronds</emphasis>
strongly dimorphic, fertile frond slightly longer than or nearly the same length as sterile frond, sometimes shorter than sterile frond.
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FB70F993A6000387" bold="true" box="[1206,1371,1663,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Sterile fronds</emphasis>
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FAA3F993A3F103A3" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="cm" value="29.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="24.0">24–35 cm</quantity>
tall, petiole much shorter than lamina; lamina simple, lanceolate, margins entire, slightly repand, base broadly decurrent to petiole base, apex acuminate,
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FDABF92AA18603FE" box="[621,733,1734,1760]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="cm" value="28.0" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="22.0">22–34 cm</quantity>
long, (1.8)2.1–2.6(4.2) cm wide at middle, thickly herbaceous, glabrous; costae stramineous, glabrous or slightly scaly abaxially, raised on adaxial surface, distinctly raised on abaxial surface; petiole stramineous, glabrous or slightly scaly, wingless petiole short,
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FC38F8E0A7DD0239" box="[1022,1158,1804,1831]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.4 mm</quantity>
in diam., (0.4)
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FAEBF8E0A6F00239" box="[1325,1451,1804,1831]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="1.1">1.1–3.9 cm</quantity>
long;
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FF0DF8C3A2530257" bold="true" box="[203,264,1839,1865]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">veins</emphasis>
anastomosing; primary veins ca. 60° to 100° from costa, forked, dark and distinct, gradually becoming indistinct towards lamina margins; veinlets between primary veins visible, connecting into multiple areoles, varying in size and shape, included veinlets often present in areoles; a row of areoles along costa, typically one to three costal areoles between two primary veins.
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FDDEF875A1E102AD" bold="true" box="[536,698,1945,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Fertile fronds</emphasis>
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FD07F875A07402AD" box="[705,815,1945,1971]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="cm" value="27.0" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="16.0">16–38 cm</quantity>
tall, petiole almost the same length as lamina, sometimes slightly longer or shorter than lamina; lamina linear, gradually narrowed towards base, apex acuminate,
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FAFFF850A6F002C9" box="[1337,1451,1980,2007]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="cm" value="21.5" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="16.0">16–27 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FF00F833A21702E4" box="[198,332,2015,2042]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.3 mm</quantity>
wide at middle; petiole stramineous,
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FD21F833A03602E4" box="[743,877,2015,2042]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.3 mm</quantity>
in diam.,
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEA9551FC1FF833A76202E4" box="[985,1081,2015,2042]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="144" unit="cm" value="15.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="7.0">7–23 cm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEA9551FBBBF833A7F402E7" bold="true" box="[1149,1199,2015,2041]" pageId="1" pageNumber="144">Sori</emphasis>
acrostichoid, covering whole surface of abaxial lamina.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2EB8664BFFE99552FF4EF84DA09002E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879034" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13879034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13879034/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" startId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[154,1432,187,1925]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFE99552FF4EF84DA09002E1" blockId="2.[136,1452,1953,2047]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE99552FF4EF84DA3A602A8" bold="true" box="[136,253,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFE99552FEC4F84DA29C02A8" authorityName="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityYear="2024" box="[258,455,1953,1974]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE99552FEC4F84DA29C02A8" box="[258,455,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">Leptochilus brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE99552FE0BF84DA2A702A8" bold="true" box="[461,508,1953,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">—A.</emphasis>
Habit of the new fern on rock.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE99552FCF0F84DA01702A8" bold="true" box="[822,844,1953,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">B.</emphasis>
Habit of the new fern on tree trunk.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE99552FB71F84DA79402A9" bold="true" box="[1207,1231,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">C.</emphasis>
Rhizome.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE99552FA8EF84DA63B02A8" bold="true" box="[1352,1376,1953,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">D.</emphasis>
Portion of fertile frond.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE99552FEF3F829A21002C4" bold="true" box="[309,331,1989,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">E.</emphasis>
Lower portion of abaxial lamina of sterile frond.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE99552FC87F829A00802C4" bold="true" box="[833,851,1989,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">F.</emphasis>
Upper portion of abaxial lamina of sterile frond.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE99552FA81F829A60402C5" bold="true" box="[1351,1375,1989,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="145">G.</emphasis>
Middle portion of abaxial lamina of sterile frond. Photo credit: Zhen-Long Liang &amp; Jing Zhao.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2EB8664BFFE89553FF4EF84DA66602C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13879036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13879036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13879036/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" startId="3.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[167,1421,195,1923]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFE89553FF4EF84DA66602C4" blockId="3.[136,1452,1953,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE89553FF4EF84DA3A602A8" bold="true" box="[136,253,1953,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFE89553FEC4F84DA29C02A8" authorityName="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityYear="2024" box="[258,455,1953,1974]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE89553FEC4F84DA29C02A8" box="[258,455,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">Leptochilus brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE89553FE20F84DA2A602A8" bold="true" box="[486,509,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">A.</emphasis>
Habit.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE89553FD90F84DA13702A8" bold="true" box="[598,620,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">B.</emphasis>
Portion of lamina.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE89553FCF3F84DA01602A9" bold="true" box="[821,845,1953,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">C.</emphasis>
Cross section of costa.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE89553FB86F84DA70C02A8" bold="true" box="[1088,1111,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">D.</emphasis>
Cross section of rhizome. Stippled: vascular tissue; black: sclerenchyma strands.—
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFE89553FD88F829A13F02C4" bold="true" box="[590,612,1989,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="146">E.</emphasis>
Rhizome scale (drawn by Zhen-Long Liang based on the isotype at CDBI).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="32DD6548FFEF9554FF7BFF71A24204E2" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEF9554FF7BFF71A24204E2" blockId="4.[136,1452,157,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<materialsCitation id="CAAF3C9EFFEF9554FF7BFF71A6FD05C2" collectingDate="1978-01-15" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="Zhong-Ren Wang" country="China" county="Xichou County" elevation="1550" location="Shuichong" municipality="Fadouxiang" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FF7BFF71A18205A9" bold="true" box="[189,729,157,183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
Additional specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="A57C8861FFEF9554FD91FF71A18A05A9" box="[599,721,157,183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="02D07653FFEF9554FD3CFF72A00305A6" box="[762,856,158,184]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="B803F821FFEF9554FCA1FF72A09A05A6" box="[871,961,158,184]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="93194E4FFFEF9554FC17FF72A7DF05A6" box="[977,1156,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Xichou County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9A1CACB9FFEF9554FB53FF72A64705A6" box="[1173,1308,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Fadouxiang</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7F186018FFEF9554FAEBFF72A6F305A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2:7F186018FFEF9554FAEBFF72A6F305A6" box="[1325,1448,158,184]" country="China" county="Xichou County" municipality="Fadouxiang" name="Shuichong" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" stateProvince="Yunnan">Shuichong</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEF9554FF05FF2EA24005C2" box="[195,283,194,221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1550.0">
<elevation id="F1EAD1F0FFEF9554FF05FF2EA24005C2" box="[195,283,194,221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, wet rocks by streams in evergreen broad-leaved forests,
<date id="0E791003FFEF9554FC64FF2EA70405C2" box="[930,1119,194,221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="1978-01-15">
<collectingDate id="1E3DE9EBFFEF9554FC64FF2EA70405C2" box="[930,1119,194,221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="1978-01-15">15 January 1978</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FBADFF2EA60405C2" box="[1131,1375,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FBADFF2EA67505C2" box="[1131,1326,194,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Zhong-Ren Wang</collectorName>
574
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEF9554FAB6FF2EA6C205C2" box="[1392,1433,194,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CAAF3C9EFFEF9554FF4EFF0AA21B043A" collectingDate="1978-01-17" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="Zhong-Ren Wang" country="China" elevation="1400" location="Dongzongcao" municipality="Fadouxiang" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="9A1CACB9FFEF9554FF4EFF0AA254041E" box="[136,271,230,256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Fadouxiang</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7F186018FFEF9554FEDAFF0AA2E1041E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2:7F186018FFEF9554FEDAFF0AA2E1041E" box="[284,442,230,256]" country="China" municipality="Fadouxiang" name="Dongzongcao" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Dongzongcao</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEF9554FDC2FF0AA106041E" box="[516,605,230,256]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation id="F1EAD1F0FFEF9554FDC2FF0AA106041E" box="[516,605,230,256]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, limestone in evergreen broad-leaved forests,
<date id="0E791003FFEF9554FBADFF0AA679041E" box="[1131,1314,230,256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="1978-01-17">
<collectingDate id="1E3DE9EBFFEF9554FBADFF0AA679041E" box="[1131,1314,230,256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="1978-01-17">17 January1978</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FAE9FF0AA3A3043A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FAE9FF0AA39C043A" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Zhong-Ren Wang</collectorName>
611
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEF9554FECCFEE6A268043A" box="[266,307,266,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CAAF3C9EFFEF9554FE88FEE6A2210472" collectingDate="2019-09-10" collectionCode="KUN" collectorName="Zhen-Long Liang &amp; Wen-Hong Chen &amp; Zhi-Yong Yu" country="China" county="Jinping County" elevation="1550" latitude="22.803026" location="Banbanqiaocun" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.19158" municipality="Jinhe Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="93194E4FFFEF9554FE88FEE6A2A6043A" box="[334,509,266,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Jinping County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9A1CACB9FFEF9554FDCCFEE6A1CB043A" box="[522,656,266,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Jinhe Town</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7F186018FFEF9554FD5BFEE6A015043A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2:7F186018FFEF9554FD5BFEE6A015043A" box="[669,846,266,292]" country="China" county="Jinping County" latitude="22.803026" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.19158" municipality="Jinhe Town" name="Banbanqiaocun" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Banbanqiaocun</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEF9554FC5EFEE6A0AA043A" box="[920,1009,266,293]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1550.0">
<elevation id="F1EAD1F0FFEF9554FC5EFEE6A0AA043A" box="[920,1009,266,293]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1FF35004FFEF9554FC39FEE6A7C4043A" box="[1023,1183,266,292]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" precision="1" seconds="10.9" value="22.803026">22°48’10.9”N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate id="1FF35004FFEF9554FB6FFEE6A614043A" box="[1193,1359,266,292]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" precision="1" seconds="29.7" value="103.19158">103°11’29.7”E</geoCoordinate>
, on tree trunk in disturbed evergreen broad-leaved forests,
<date id="0E791003FFEF9554FD09FEC2A0E90456" box="[719,946,302,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="2019-09-10">
<collectingDate id="1E3DE9EBFFEF9554FD09FEC2A0E90456" box="[719,946,302,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="2019-09-10">10 September 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FC06FEC2A24E0472" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FC06FEC2A7D20456" box="[960,1161,302,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Zhen-Long Liang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FB51FEC3A6080456" box="[1175,1363,302,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Wen-Hong Chen</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FABBFEC2A3B80472" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Zhi-Yong Yu</collectorName>
613
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEF9554FEE0FEBEA2360472" box="[294,365,338,364]" collectionName="KUN" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">KUN</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CAAF3C9EFFEF9554FE40FEBEA6170472" box="[390,1356,338,364]" collectingDate="2023-09-11" collectionCode="KUN, CDBI" collectorName="Zhi-Yong Yu &amp; Zong-Li Liang" country="China" county="Jinping County" elevation="1550" latitude="22.803026" location="Banbanqiaocun" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.19158" municipality="Jinhe Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
ibid.,
<date id="0E791003FFEF9554FE0EFEBEA1FC0472" box="[456,679,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="2023-09-11">
<collectingDate id="1E3DE9EBFFEF9554FE0EFEBEA1FC0472" box="[456,679,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="2023-09-11">11 September 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FD75FEBEA7CE0472" box="[691,1173,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FD75FEBEA0660472" box="[691,829,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Zhi-Yong Yu</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FCA5FEBFA75C0472" box="[867,1031,339,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Zong-Li Liang</collectorName>
YZY-JL-001
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEF9554FB63FEBEA7BD0472" box="[1189,1254,338,364]" collectionName="KUN" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">KUN</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEF9554FB35FEBEA61B0472" box="[1267,1344,338,364]" collectionName="CDBI" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">CDBI</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CAAF3C9EFFEF9554FA9FFEBEA23604C6" collectingDate="2023-05-30" collectionCode="KUN" collectorName="Jing Zhao &amp; Zong-Li Liang &amp; Yong-Ling Qiu &amp; Jian-Hong Li" country="China" county="Jinping County" elevation="1980" latitude="22.589222" location="Xilongshan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.884056" municipality="Jinshuihe Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="93194E4FFFEF9554FA9FFEBEA387048E" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Jinping County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9A1CACB9FFEF9554FF21FE9AA2C2048E" box="[231,409,374,400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Jinshuihe Town</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7F186018FFEF9554FE63FE9AA172048E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2:7F186018FFEF9554FE63FE9AA172048E" box="[421,553,374,400]" country="China" county="Jinping County" latitude="22.589222" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.884056" municipality="Jinshuihe Town" name="Xilongshan" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Xilongshan</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEF9554FDA9FE9AA19D048E" box="[623,710,374,400]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1980.0">
<elevation id="F1EAD1F0FFEF9554FDA9FE9AA19D048E" box="[623,710,374,400]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1980.0">1980 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1FF35004FFEF9554FD14FE9AA02A048F" box="[722,881,374,401]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" precision="1" seconds="21.2" value="22.589222">22°35’21.2”N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate id="1FF35004FFEF9554FCBDFE9AA77F048F" box="[891,1060,374,401]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" precision="1" seconds="02.6" value="102.884056">102°53’02.6”E</geoCoordinate>
, on limestone rocks with thick soil in disturbed evergreen broad-leaved forests,
<date id="0E791003FFEF9554FD43FE76A07A04AA" box="[645,801,410,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="2023-05-30">
<collectingDate id="1E3DE9EBFFEF9554FD43FE76A07A04AA" box="[645,801,410,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="2023-05-30">30 May 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FCE8FE77A25204C6" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FCE8FE77A0F804AA" box="[814,931,410,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Jing Zhao</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FC77FE77A70304AA" box="[945,1112,411,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Zong-Li Liang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FBA3FE77A65704AA" box="[1125,1292,410,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Yong-Ling Qiu</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FAF2FE77A3C404C6" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Jian-Hong Li</collectorName>
XLS-238
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEF9554FEDCFE52A23A04C6" box="[282,353,446,472]" collectionName="KUN" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">KUN</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CAAF3C9EFFEF9554FEBFFE52A24E04E2" collectingDate="1947-12-10" collectionCode="PE" collectorName="K. - M. Feng" country="China" elevation="1750" location="Laojunshan" municipality="Malipo county" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="9A1CACB9FFEF9554FEBFFE52A14404C6" box="[377,543,446,472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Malipo county</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7F186018FFEF9554FDEDFE52A1EA04C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F26E87D5FFEA9554FF4EFB7AA00006B2:7F186018FFEF9554FDEDFE52A1EA04C6" box="[555,689,446,472]" country="China" municipality="Malipo county" name="Laojunshan" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Laojunshan</location>
,
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEF9554FD7BFE52A02904C6" box="[701,882,446,472]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1600.0">
<elevation id="F1EAD1F0FFEF9554FD7BFE52A02904C6" box="[701,882,446,472]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1600.0">1600 to 1900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, in mixed forests,
<date id="0E791003FFEF9554FB85FE52A64604C6" box="[1091,1309,446,472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="1947-12-10">
<collectingDate id="1E3DE9EBFFEF9554FB85FE52A64604C6" box="[1091,1309,446,472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" value="1947-12-10">10 December 1947</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FAEFFE53A39504E2" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<collectorName id="D7325315FFEF9554FAEFFE53A6F704C6" box="[1321,1452,447,472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">K.-M. Feng</collectorName>
13768
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="1CD6AE06FFEF9554FF18FE0EA25304E2" box="[222,264,482,508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">PE</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32DD6548FFEF9554FF7BFDE9A6F0075A" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEF9554FF7BFDE9A6F0075A" blockId="4.[136,1452,157,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FF7BFDE9A2AF0701" bold="true" box="[189,500,517,543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
:—Currently,
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFEF9554FD49FDEAA02D073E" authorityName="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityYear="2024" box="[655,886,518,544]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FD49FDEAA02D073E" box="[655,886,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Leptochilus brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found in Xichou County, Jinping County, and Malipo County of southeastern
<collectingRegion id="B803F821FFEF9554FE2CFDC6A118075A" box="[490,579,554,580]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="02D07653FFEF9554FD8BFDC6A1CF075A" box="[589,660,554,580]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">China</collectingCountry>
. The species may also occur in limestone regions in northern
<collectingCountry id="02D07653FFEF9554FA83FDC6A6F3075A" box="[1349,1448,554,580]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32DD6548FFEF9554FF7BFDA2A10E065E" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEF9554FF7BFDA2A10E065E" blockId="4.[136,1452,157,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FF7BFDA2A27D0776" bold="true" box="[189,294,590,616]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Ecology:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFEF9554FE84FDA2A1730776" authorityName="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityYear="2024" box="[322,552,590,616]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FE84FDA2A1730776" box="[322,552,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Leptochilus brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed growing on limestone rocks or tree trunks within slightly disturbed forests, at elevations between 1400 and
<quantity id="BD3F9B26FFEF9554FD95FD9EA1F60792" box="[595,685,626,652]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1980.0">1980 m</quantity>
. In the locality where the
<typeStatus id="A57C8861FFEF9554FC1CFD9EA7510792" box="[986,1034,626,652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">type</typeStatus>
specimen was collected, up to 1000 individuals were discovered, with approximately two-thirds growing on rocks and one-third on tree trunks. Fertile fronds were observed in both epipetric and epiphytic habitats. The individuals growing on tree trunks with their roots extending into the soil, matching the criteria for categorization as a hemiepiphytic species according to
<bibRefCitation id="1E564B32FFEF9554FAE3FD32A6F007E6" author="Zotz, G." box="[1317,1451,734,760]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" pagination="453 - 481" refId="ref4994" refString="Zotz, G. (2013) The systematic distribution of vascular epiphytes - a critical update. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 171: 453 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / boj. 12010" type="journal article" year="2013">Zotz (2013)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="1E564B32FFEF9554FF7EFCEEA2DA0602" author="Zotz, G. &amp; Almeda, F. &amp; Bautista-Bello, A. P. &amp; Eskov, A. &amp; Giraldo-Canas, D. &amp; Hammel, B. &amp; Harrison, R. &amp; Koster, N. &amp; Kromer, T. &amp; Lowry II, P. P. &amp; Moran, R. C." box="[184,385,770,796]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" refId="ref5036" refString="Zotz, G., Almeda, F., Bautista-Bello, A. P., Eskov, A., Giraldo-Canas, D., Hammel, B., Harrison, R., Koster, N., Kromer, T., Lowry II, P. P. &amp; Moran, R. C. (2021) Hemiepiphytes revisited. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 51: 125620. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ppees. 2021.125620" type="journal volume" year="2021">
Zotz
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FF35FCEFA2770602" box="[243,300,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
(2021)
</bibRefCitation>
. However, the predominant growth habit of
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFEF9554FCB1FCEFA0A80602" authorityName="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityYear="2024" box="[887,1011,770,796]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FCB1FCEFA0A80602" box="[887,1011,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">L. brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is epipetric, making it inappropriate to categorize the species as a hemiepiphyte.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32DD6548FFEF9554FF7BFCA6A0520696" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEF9554FF7BFCA6A0520696" blockId="4.[136,1452,157,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FF7BFCA6A213067A" bold="true" box="[189,328,842,868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Etymology:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FE8EFCA7A23A067A" box="[328,353,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">—</emphasis>
The species epithet
<taxonomicName id="BDC74D40FFEF9554FD82FCA6A1F9067A" authorityName="Liang Zhang, Zhen Long Liang, &amp; Zhi Yong Yu" authorityYear="2024" box="[580,674,842,868]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Leptochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FD82FCA6A1F9067A" box="[580,674,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to a short petiole of the sterile frond, or sometimes indistinct petiole due to the sterile lamina decurrent to petiole base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32DD6548FFEF9554FF7BFC7EA00006B2" box="[189,859,914,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="7A7836C3FFEF9554FF7BFC7EA00006B2" blockId="4.[136,1452,157,940]" box="[189,859,914,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="48B3EAD1FFEF9554FF7BFC7EA16706B2" bold="true" box="[189,572,914,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="147">Vernacular name:—ÑĒAE唇″</emphasis>
(duan bing bao chun jue)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>