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<mods:namePart>Maronna, Maximiliano M.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="165940636" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F0DC99E3-1FB9-4729-9316-01535953DD3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0D908F8D16C54B68EAB393ACB09A400" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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13
<taxonomicName LSID="F0D908F8-D16C-54B6-8EAB-393ACB09A400" authority="Gosse, 1859" authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1859" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus lloydii" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lloydii">Cerianthus lloydii Gosse, 1859</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1843" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Edwardsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsia vestita" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vestita">Edwardsia vestita</taxonomicName>
Gosse, 1856a: 74-75
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1791" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus membranaceus" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="membranaceus">Cerianthus membranaceus</taxonomicName>
Gosse, 1858: 419
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1859" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus lloydii" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lloydii">Cerianthus lloydii</taxonomicName>
Gosse, 1859: 50;
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1875
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: 38-39;
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1919
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: 101-116, 126, 154;
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: 10;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.04.012" author="Bolam, SG" journalOrPublisher="Marine Pollution Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2230 - 2245" refId="B16" refString="Bolam, SG, Barry, J, Bolam, T, Mason, C, Rumney, HS, Thain, JE, Law, RJ, 2011. Impacts of maintenance dredged material disposal on macrobenthic structure and secondary productivity. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62: 2230 - 2245, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.04.012" title="Impacts of maintenance dredged material disposal on macrobenthic structure and secondary productivity." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.04.012" volume="62" year="2011">Bolam et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 2239, 2241;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2011.10.001" author="Strain, EMA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Sea Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="58 - 68" refId="B255" refString="Strain, EMA, Allcock, AL, Goodwin, CE, Maggs, CA, Picton, BE, Roberts, D, 2012. The long-term impacts of fisheries on epifaunal assemblage function and structure, in a Special Area of Conservation. Journal of Sea Research 67: 58 - 68, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2011.10.001" title="The long-term impacts of fisheries on epifaunal assemblage function and structure, in a Special Area of Conservation." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2011.10.001" volume="67" year="2012">Strain et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 63-65;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10198" author="Sciberras, M" journalOrPublisher="Marine Ecology Progress Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="83 - 98" refId="B231" refString="Sciberras, M, Hinz, H, Bennell, JD, Jenkins, SR, Hawkins, SH, Kaiser, MJ, 2013. Benthic community response to a scallop dredging closure within a dynamic seabed habitat. Marine Ecology Progress Series 480: 83 - 98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10198" title="Benthic community response to a scallop dredging closure within a dynamic seabed habitat." url="https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10198" volume="480" year="2013">Sciberras et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 91, 93, 95;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.09.013" author="Peckett, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Marine Policy" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="333 - 341" refId="B205" refString="Peckett, FJ, Glegg, GA, Rodwell, LD, 2014. Assessing the quality of data required to identify effective marine protected areas. Marine Policy 45: 333 - 341, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.09.013" title="Assessing the quality of data required to identify effective marine protected areas." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.09.013" volume="45" year="2014">Peckett et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 336;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2015.06.010" author="Coolen, JWP" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Sea Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="84 - 92" refId="B55" refString="Coolen, JWP, Bos, OG, Glorius, S, Lengkeek, W, Cuperus, J, van der Weide, B, Agueera, A, 2015. Reefs, sand and reef-like sand: A comparison of the benthic biodiversity of habitats in the Dutch Borkum Reef Grounds. Journal of Sea Research 103: 84 - 92, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2015.06.010" title="Reefs, sand and reef-like sand: A comparison of the benthic biodiversity of habitats in the Dutch Borkum Reef Grounds." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2015.06.010" volume="103" year="2015">Coolen et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
: 87
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(?)
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus borealis" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Cerianthus borealis</taxonomicName>
Danielssen, 1860: 251;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-5.26.98" author="Verrill, AE" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Science and Arts" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 15" refId="B277" refString="Verrill, AE, 1873b. Results of recent dredging expeditions on the coast of New England. No. 3. American Journal of Science and Arts 5: 1 - 15, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-5.26.98" title="Results of recent dredging expeditions on the coast of New England. No. 3." url="https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-5.26.98" volume="5" year="1873 b">Verrill 1873b</bibRefCitation>
: 405, 414;
<bibRefCitation author="Danielssen, DC" journalOrPublisher="Bergens Museums Aarsberetning" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B62" refString="Danielssen, DC, 1888. Cerianthus borealis. Bergens Museums Aarsberetning 1: 1 - 12" title="Cerianthus borealis." volume="1" year="1888">Danielssen 1888</bibRefCitation>
: 1-12;
<bibRefCitation author="van Beneden, E" journalOrPublisher="Annales de l'Institute Oceanographique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B268" refString="van Beneden, E, 1924. Travaux posthumes d' Edouard van Beneden sur les cerianthaires collationnes par Paul Cerfontaine. Archives de Biologie (hors serie): 1-242." title="Travaux posthumes d' Edouard van Beneden sur les cerianthaires collationnes par Paul Cerfontaine. Archives de Biologie (hors serie): 1 - 242." year="1924">van Beneden 1924</bibRefCitation>
: 91, 120-127, 128-131
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forbes" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus vermicularis" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vermicularis">Cerianthus vermicularis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lütken">Luetken</normalizedToken>
, 1860: 199-200
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andres" authorityYear="1883" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus lutkenii" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lutkenii">Cerianthus lutkenii</taxonomicName>
Andres, 1883: 353
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1897" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Arachnactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arachnactis bournei" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bournei">Arachnactis bournei</taxonomicName>
Fowler, 1897: 805-807 (larval stage)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cereanthus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cereanthus lloydii" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lloydii">Cereanthus lloydii</taxonomicName>
Goette, 1897: 293
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Danielssen" authorityYear="1860" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus lloydii subsp. borealis" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="lloydii" subSpecies="borealis">Cerianthus lloydii borealis</taxonomicName>
Grieg, 1913: 142
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fowler" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Synarachnactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synarachnactis bournei" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bournei">Synarachnactis bournei</taxonomicName>
Leloup, 1962: 2-4, 6-7 (larval stage)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1923" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus septentrionalis" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">Cerianthus septentrionalis</taxonomicName>
van Beneden, 1924: 120: 126-131;
<bibRefCitation author="Molodtsova, TN" journalOrPublisher="Zoosystematica Rossica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="9 - 10" refId="B172" refString="Molodtsova, TN, 2001d. On the taxonomic status of Cerianthus septentrionalis van Beneden, 1923 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Ceriantharia). Zoosystematica Rossica 10: 9 - 10" title="On the taxonomic status of Cerianthus septentrionalis van Beneden, 1923 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Ceriantharia)." volume="10" year="2001 d">Molodtsova 2001d</bibRefCitation>
: 9-10
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(?)
<taxonomicName authorityName="Delle Chiaje" authorityYear="1841" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cerianthus</taxonomicName>
sp.
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0485.1990.tb00225.x" author="Tarasov, VG" journalOrPublisher="Marine Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 23" refId="B256" refString="Tarasov, VG, Propp, M V, Propp, LN, Zhirmunsky, A V, Namsakakv, BB, Gorlenko, VM, Starynin, DA, 1990. Shallow water gasohydrothermal vents of Ushishir Volcano and the ecosystem of Kraternaya Bight (the Kurile Islands). Marine Ecology 11: 1 - 23, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0485.1990.tb00225.x" title="Shallow water gasohydrothermal vents of Ushishir Volcano and the ecosystem of Kraternaya Bight (the Kurile Islands)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0485.1990.tb00225.x" volume="11" year="1990">Tarasov et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 1-3; 6; 15, 17
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(?)
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1859" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus lloydii" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lloydii">Cerianthus lloydii</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5134/176267" author="Kussakin, G" journalOrPublisher="Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 225" refId="B138" refString="Kussakin, G, Kostina, EE, 1996. The Intertidal Biota of Volcanic Yankich Island (Middle Kuril Islands). Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 37: 201 - 225, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5134/176267" title="The Intertidal Biota of Volcanic Yankich Island (Middle Kuril Islands)." url="https://doi.org/10.5134/176267" volume="37" year="1996">Kussakin and Kostina 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 207;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1405-68" author="Cinar, ME" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="677 - 697" refId="B54" refString="Cinar, ME, Yokes, MB, Acik, S, Bakir, AK, 2014. Checklist of Cnidaria and Ctenophora from the coasts of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology 38: 677 - 697, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1405-68" title="Checklist of Cnidaria and Ctenophora from the coasts of Turkey." url="https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1405-68" volume="38" year="2014">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Çinar">Cinar</normalizedToken>
et al. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
: 684
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Menai Strait, Irish Sea, United Kingdom.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">North Sea, Norwegian Sea, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, Bay of Biscay, and (?) Sea of Okhotsk; (?) depths from 2 m to the deep sea,</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species has been the subject of many studies. There have been several morphological descriptions (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.27151" author="Gosse, PH" journalOrPublisher="Van Voorts, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B97" refString="Gosse, PH, 1860. A History of the British Sea-Anemones and Corals. Van Voorts, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.27151" title="A History of the British Sea-Anemones and Corals." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.27151" year="1860">Gosse 1860</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Carlgren, O" journalOrPublisher="Danish Ingolf-Expedition" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 79" refId="B27" refString="Carlgren, O, 1912a. Ceriantharia. Danish Ingolf-Expedition 5: 1 - 79" title="Ceriantharia." volume="5" year="1912 a">Carlgren 1912a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Molodtsova, TN" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="5 - 17" refId="B179" refString="Molodtsova, TN, Malakhov, VV, 1995a. Cerianthus lloydii (Anthozoa, Ceriantharia) from the volcanic ecosystem of Kraternaya Bay. 1. Morphology and anatomy of adult polyps, geographic distribution. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 74 (10): 5 - 17" title="Cerianthus lloydii (Anthozoa, Ceriantharia) from the volcanic ecosystem of Kraternaya Bay. 1. Morphology and anatomy of adult polyps, geographic distribution." volume="74" year="1995 a">Molodtsova and Malakhov 1995a</bibRefCitation>
) and several aspects of its ecology and life cycle have been investigated (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation author="van Beneden, E" journalOrPublisher="Annales de l'Institute Oceanographique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B268" refString="van Beneden, E, 1924. Travaux posthumes d' Edouard van Beneden sur les cerianthaires collationnes par Paul Cerfontaine. Archives de Biologie (hors serie): 1-242." title="Travaux posthumes d' Edouard van Beneden sur les cerianthaires collationnes par Paul Cerfontaine. Archives de Biologie (hors serie): 1 - 242." year="1924">van Beneden 1924</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Nyholm, K-G" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="87 - 248" refId="B192" refString="Nyholm, K-G, 1943. Zur Entwicklung und Entwicklungsbiologie der Ceriantharien und Aktinien. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 22: 87 - 248" title="Zur Entwicklung und Entwicklungsbiologie der Ceriantharien und Aktinien." volume="22" year="1943">Nyholm 1943</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Molodtsova, TN" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="4 - 11" refId="B180" refString="Molodtsova, TN, Malakhov, VV, 1995b. Cerianthus lloydii (Anthozoa, Ceriantharia) from a volcanic ecosystem of Kraternaya Bay. II. Larval development. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 74 (11): 4 - 11" title="Cerianthus lloydii (Anthozoa, Ceriantharia) from a volcanic ecosystem of Kraternaya Bay. II. Larval development." volume="74" year="1995 b">Molodtsova and Malakhov 1995b</bibRefCitation>
). However, two points still need further attention. The first is related to the distribution of the species, as the presence of some disjointed records in the Pacific Ocean raise the possibility of a disjunct distribution (e.g., more than one species contained in these records). However, the presence of larvae in plankton for long periods of time (
<bibRefCitation author="Nyholm, K-G" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="87 - 248" refId="B192" refString="Nyholm, K-G, 1943. Zur Entwicklung und Entwicklungsbiologie der Ceriantharien und Aktinien. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 22: 87 - 248" title="Zur Entwicklung und Entwicklungsbiologie der Ceriantharien und Aktinien." volume="22" year="1943">Nyholm 1943</bibRefCitation>
) may explain the very large occurrence areas as already known for other
<taxonomicName authorityName="Delle Chiaje" authorityYear="1841" lsidName="" order="Ceriantharia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="order">Ceriantharia</taxonomicName>
species (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315415001745" author="Stampar, SN" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom:" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1475 - 1481" refId="B248" refString="Stampar, SN, Scarabino, F, Pastorino, G, Morandini, AC, 2015c. A new species of tube-dwelling anemone (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Ceriantharia, Ceriantheopsis) from the Warm Temperate South-western Atlantic. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom: 96 (7): 1475 - 1481, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315415001745" title="A new species of tube-dwelling anemone (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Ceriantharia, Ceriantheopsis) from the Warm Temperate South-western Atlantic." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315415001745" volume="96" year="2015 c">Stampar et al. 2015c</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02658077" author="Braber, L" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="15 - 21" refId="B17" refString="Braber, L, Borghouts, CH, 1977. Distribution and ecology of Anthozoa in the estuarine region of the rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt. Hydrobiologia 52: 15 - 21, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02658077" title="Distribution and ecology of Anthozoa in the estuarine region of the rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02658077" volume="52" year="1977">Braber and Borghouts (1977)</bibRefCitation>
reported the occurrence of this species from an estuary system (salinity around 16 psu), and
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1405-68" author="Cinar, ME" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="677 - 697" refId="B54" refString="Cinar, ME, Yokes, MB, Acik, S, Bakir, AK, 2014. Checklist of Cnidaria and Ctenophora from the coasts of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology 38: 677 - 697, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1405-68" title="Checklist of Cnidaria and Ctenophora from the coasts of Turkey." url="https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1405-68" volume="38" year="2014">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Çinar">Cinar</normalizedToken>
et al. (2014)
</bibRefCitation>
from the coast of Turkey, although the second record is questionable. The second point is related to the position of the species within the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Delle Chiaje" authorityYear="1841" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cerianthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Preliminary studies (unpublished) based on molecular data indicate that perhaps this species is more related to the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Carlgren" authorityYear="1912" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Ceriantheopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceriantheopsis" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ceriantheopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Delle Chiaje" authorityYear="1841" class="Anthozoa" family="Cerianthidae" genus="Cerianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerianthus" order="Spirularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cerianthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Not found in this study.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=140831" authority="Lundstroem, 1915 *" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Boletina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boletina intermedia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
Boletina intermedia
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lundström">Lundstroem</normalizedToken>
, 1915*
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-06-06" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="JES" collectorName="J. Salmela" country="Finland" latitude="67.596" location="Finland" longitude="26.883" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" specimenCode="MYCE-JS- 2012 - 0079" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">MYCE-JS-2012-0079</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">J. Salmela</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">male</specimenType>
; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Finland</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Lapponia kemensis pars orientalis; verbatimLocality:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sodankylä">Sodankylae</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Heinäaapa">Heinaeaapa</normalizedToken>
; decimalLatitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" value="67.596">67.596</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" value="26.883">26.883</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">J. Salmela</determinerName>
; Event: samplingProtocol:
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; eventDate:
<collectingDate value="2012-06-06">2012-6-6</collectingDate>
/7-6; habitat: rich spring fen; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">JES</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-05-06" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="JES" collectorName="J. Salmela" country="Finland" latitude="67.845" location="Finland" longitude="26.553" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" specimenCode="MYCE-JS- 2013 - 0217" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">MYCE-JS-2013-0217</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">J. Salmela</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">male</specimenType>
; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Finland</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Lapponia kemensis pars orientalis; verbatimLocality:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sodankylä">Sodankylae</normalizedToken>
, Kaita-aapa; decimalLatitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" value="67.845">67.845</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" value="26.553">26.553</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">J. Salmela</determinerName>
; Event: samplingProtocol:
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; eventDate:
<collectingDate value="2012-05-06">2012-6-5</collectingDate>
/7-3; habitat: intermediate rich fen, aapamire; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">JES</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-06-14" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="JES" collectorName="J. Salmela" country="Finland" latitude="67.821" location="Finland" longitude="29.44" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" specimenCode="MYCE-JS- 2013 - 0187" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">MYCE-JS-2013-0187</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">J. Salmela</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">male</specimenType>
; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Finland</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Lapponia kemensis pars orientalis; verbatimLocality: Savukoski, Joutenoja; decimalLatitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" value="67.821">67.821</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" value="29.440">29.440</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">J. Salmela</determinerName>
; Event: samplingProtocol:
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; eventDate:
<collectingDate value="2012-06-14">2012-6-14</collectingDate>
/7-10; habitat: headwater stream, seminatural boreal forest; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">JES</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-04-06" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="JES" collectorName="J. Salmela; T. Hietajaervi" country="Finland" latitude="67.749" location="Finland" longitude="29.617" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" specimenCode="DIPT-JS- 2014 - 0013" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">DIPT-JS-2014-0013</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">
J. Salmela; T.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hietajärvi">Hietajaervi</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">male</specimenType>
; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Finland</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Regio kuusamoensis; verbatimLocality: Salla, Kuntasjoki,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Värriö">Vaerrioe</normalizedToken>
Strict Nature Reserve; verbatimElevation:
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">320 m</elevation>
; decimalLatitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" value="67.749">67.749</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" value="29.617">29.617</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">J. Salmela</determinerName>
; Event: samplingProtocol:
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; eventDate: 2013; verbatimEventDate:
<collectingDate value="2013-04-06">2013-6-4</collectingDate>
/29; habitat: headwater stream, old-growth boreal forest; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">JES</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">
Palaearctic.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Boletina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boletina intermedia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">Boletina intermedia</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 11b) is a poorly-known fungus gnat, described from Russia, New Siberian Islands (
<bibRefCitation author="Lundstroem, C." journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences. VIIIe serie. Classe Physico-Mathematique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" pagination="1 - 33" title="DipteraNematocera aus den arctischen Gegenden Sibiriens. [Resultats scientifiques de l'Expedition Polaire Russe en 1900 - 1903, sons la direction du Baron E. Toll. Section E: Zoologie. Volume II, livr. 8.]" volume="29" year="1915">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lundström">Lundstroem</normalizedToken>
1915
</bibRefCitation>
). In Europe there is a previous record from Germany (
<bibRefCitation author="Plassmann, E." journalOrPublisher="Faunistische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum fuer Tierkunde Dresden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" pagination="119 - 122" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Pilzmueckenfauna Thueringens (Insecta, Diptera, Mycetophilidae)" volume="13" year="1986">Plassmann and Joost 1986</bibRefCitation>
) here reported for the first time from Fennoscandia. Finnish records are from the north boreal zone, central (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sodankylä">Sodankylae</normalizedToken>
) and eastern (Salla, Savukoski) Lapland.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Ecology</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Collected from fens (an intermediate rich flark fen and a rich spring fen) and in the vicinity of a headwater stream. Immature stages are unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" type="taxon discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">Taxon discussion</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1068">
See
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Boletina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boletina borealis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1068" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Boletina borealis</taxonomicName>
Zetterstedt.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d3b857f7-25c1-4b21-9d39-4510ab675fca" ID-PMC="PMC7655787" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-983-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53" ID-PubMed="33244289" ID-ZooBank="7DED4CE2934C4539945F758930C927F9" ModsDocID="1313-2970-983-1" checkinTime="1604475085656" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Sarah M., Beaver, Roger A. &amp; Cognato, Anthony I." docDate="2020" docId="F0D9605645F2DA57A4AD2FE3B9EE5DC4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 983: 1-442" docOrigin="ZooKeys 983" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630" docTitle="Diuncus mucronatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="C890C7FD4B2D57A8B1A062305ED42D53" masterDocTitle="A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China" masterLastPageNumber="442" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169715782" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Sarah M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-3736</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">camptocerus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>161 / 2 Mu 5, Soi Wat Pranon, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai 50180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cognato, Anthony I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number>983</mods:number>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.983.52630</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168754798" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F0D9605645F2DA57A4AD2FE3B9EE5DC4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0D9605645F2DA57A4AD2FE3B9EE5DC4" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="(Eggers, 1923)" baseAuthorityName="Eggers" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diuncus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diuncus mucronatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mucronatus">Diuncus mucronatus (Eggers, 1923)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Diuncus javanus, 2.5 - 2.7 mm (A, B, I), D. justus, 1.5 - 1.7 mm (C, D, J), D. mucronatulus holotype, 1.5 mm (E, F, K), and D. mucronatus, 2.0 - 2.5 mm (G, H, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.983.52630.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/470850" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 50G, H, L</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eggers" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus mucronatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mucronatus">Xyleborus mucronatus</taxonomicName>
Eggers, 1923: 191.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eggers" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diuncus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diuncus mucronatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mucronatus">Diuncus mucronatus</taxonomicName>
(Eggers):
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2204.1.2" author="Hulcr, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="19 - 36" refId="B201" refString="Hulcr, J, Cognato, AI, 2009. Three new genera of Oriental Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Zootaxa 2204: 19 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2204.1.2" title="Three new genera of Oriental Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2204.1.2" volume="2204" year="2009">Hulcr and Cognato 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 34.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The holotype was destroyed in the bombing of UHZM in World War II (
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="The Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 1553" refId="B490" refString="Wood, SL, Bright, DE, 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2: Taxonomic index. The Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 13: 1 - 1553" title="A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2: Taxonomic index." volume="13" year="1992">Wood and Bright 1992</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="new records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">New records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
China: Guizhou, Guiyang, Huaxi, 25.x.2015, Y. Li, ex trap baited with ipsenol + EtOH (MSUC, 1). Hong Kong, Tai Po Kau, vi.2017, J. Skelton (MSUC, 4). Jiangsu, Nanjing, Laoshan National Park, Bacai Road,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.09156" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.09156">32.09156N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="118.583701" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="118.5837">118.583701E</geoCoordinate>
, 15.viii.2017, Cognato, Li, Gao, ex
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MSUC, 2). Vietnam: Cao Bang,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="34.118" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.568634">22°34.118'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="52.537" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="105.87562">105°52.537'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1048 m, 12.iv.2014, VN13, Cognato, Smith, Pham, ex large felled
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (MSUC, 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
2.0-2.5 mm long (mean = 2.26 mm; n = 5); 2.33-2.78
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. This species is distinguished by the elytral summit armed by two pairs of large denticles, one pair on interstriae 2 and the other on interstriae 3; pronotum longer than wide; declivity appearing strongly bisulcate; declivital interstriae 1 and 3-6 clearly convex giving the declivity a rugged appearance.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="similar species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Similar species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eggers" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diuncus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diuncus haberkorni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haberkorni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diuncus haberkorni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. mucronatulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mucronatulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. mucronatulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. quadrispinulosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="quadrispinulosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. quadrispinulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">China* (Guizhou*, Hong Kong*, Jiangsu*), Indonesia (Java), Japan, East &amp; West Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam*.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plants.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Polyphagous (
<bibRefCitation author="Browne, FG" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Forest Records" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 255" refId="B70" refString="Browne, FG, 1961b. The biology of Malayan Scolytidae and Platypodidae. Malayan Forest Records 22: 1 - 255" title="The biology of Malayan Scolytidae and Platypodidae." volume="22" year="1961 b">Browne 1961b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.165.2331" ID-GBIF-Dataset="baf25a3d-25b4-493c-98b5-c1d34eccb758" ID-PMC="PMC3272633" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-165-47" ID-PubMed="22328856" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-165-47" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 165" ModsDocTitle="Two new species of Quedius Stephens, subgenus Raphirus Stephens from Yunnan, Southwest China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini)" checkinTime="1451249375078" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hu, Jia-Yao, Li, Li-Zhen &amp; Cao, Guang-Hong" docDate="2012" docId="F0D96394D8CF067D508EEFAFE8523C0C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 165: 47-55" docOrigin="ZooKeys 165" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.165.2331" docTitle="Quedius maoxingi Hu, Li &amp; Cao, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="7452FFBFFF8BFFD7FFF9FFA0FFEBFFDE" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Quedius Stephens, subgenus Raphirus Stephens from Yunnan, Southwest China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini)" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1668153187777" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Two new species of Quedius Stephens, subgenus Raphirus Stephens from Yunnan, Southwest China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hu, Jia-Yao</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Li-Zhen</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cao, Guang-Hong</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>165</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>47</mods:start>
<mods:end>55</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.165.2331</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.165.2331</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-165-47</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152033098" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F0D96394D8CF067D508EEFAFE8523C0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0D96394D8CF067D508EEFAFE8523C0C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8EB20BBE-E5E1-468F-9F27-FA5BAA78B815" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius maoxingi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maoxingi">Quedius maoxingi</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="49">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 9-15
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Holotype. CHINA: Yunnan Prov.: male, Jinghong City, Nabanhe Nature Reserve, Guomenshan, alt. 1,200 m, 8-V-2009, Jia-Yao HU &amp; Zi-Wei YIN leg.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="50" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Body length: 6.8 mm; forebody length: 3.4 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Body (Fig. 9) shiny, head, pronotum and elytra dark metallic blue, abdomen black and iridescent; maxillary and labial palpi brown with basal segments slightly paler; antennae brown, first segments and apical halves of following two segments black; legs black with femora and front coxae yellowish.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
Head slightly wider than long (ratio 1.12); eyes large and convex, tempora distinctly shorter than eyes seen from above (ratio 0.18); dorsal surface of head with coarse and dense punctation; clypeus and vertex lacking punctures; surface with fine and dense microsculpture of transverse waves, becoming almost meshed anterior to vertex. Antennae slightly widened toward apex, segments II and III subequal in length, IV and V slightly longer than wide, segments
<normalizedToken originalValue="VIX">VI-X</normalizedToken>
about as long as wide, last segments about as long as two preceding segments combined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
Pronotum about as long as wide; dorsal rows irregular, each with 16 coarse punctures, each row expanding into group of punctures posteriorly; sublateral rows each expanded into irregular group of nine to ten coarse punctures; some distinctly finer punctures scattered among coarse punctation; with many dense and fine punctures
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="51" start="start">bearing</pageBreakToken>
whitish hairs in wide strip along lateral margin; surface with fine and dense microsculpture of transverse waves. Scutellum with 14 punctures, with fine microsculpture of transverse waves. Elytra at base about as wide as pronotum at widest point, at suture slightly shorter (ratio 0.74), at sides slightly longer (ratio 1.26) than pronotal midline; punctation coarse and dense, on disc forming transverse rugae; pubescence dark, intermixed with whitish hairs, particularly on lateral portion of each elytron; surface without microsculpture. Wings fully developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="4" pageNumber="51">
Abdomen with tergite VII bearing distinct whitish apical seam of palisade fringe; punctation moderately fine and dense; tergite III with distinct tuft of golden-reddish
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="52" start="start">tomentose</pageBreakToken>
pubescence on each lateral portion; pubescence black at middle portion, with some whitish hairs at both lateral portions and at apical margin of each tergite; surface with fine and dense microsculpture of transverse waves.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Male. First four segments of front tarsus distinctly dilated. Sternite VIII (Fig. 10) with two long setae on each side, with wide, shallow, arcuate medioapical emargination. Sternite IX (Fig. 11) simply rounded in medioapical emargination, without differentiated setae. Tergite X (Fig. 12) with five long setae near posterior margin and several shorter setae anterior to them; Aedeagus (Figs 13-15) with median lobe gradually narrowed into cone-shaped apex; paramere extending slightly beyond apex of median lobe; with two setae at apex, two slightly shorter setae and one distinctly longer seta at each lateral margin below apex; underside of paramere with sensory peg setae forming two regular longitudinal rows, each with nine or ten peg setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Known only from the type locality (Southwest China: Yunnan Province).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius maoxingi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maoxingi">Quedius maoxingi</taxonomicName>
is closest to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius barbarossa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarossa">Quedius barbarossa</taxonomicName>
Smetana, 2002 due to similar form and color of the body. The new species can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius barbarossa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarossa">Quedius barbarossa</taxonomicName>
by the pronotum with some finer punctures scattered among coarse punctation, the scutellum with several punctures and by the aedeagus with symmetrical paramere (Fig. 15).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius barbarossa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarossa">Quedius barbarossa</taxonomicName>
lacks fine punctures scattered among coarse punctation, its scutellum lacks punctures and the aedeagus bears distinctly asymmetrical paramere.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">The species is named in honor of Maoxing Tian (Administration of Nabanhe River Watershed National Nature Reserve) who helped a lot during our collection in Yunnan.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
Figures 9-15.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius maoxingi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maoxingi">Quedius maoxingi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 9 habitus 10 male sternite VIII 11 male sternite IX 12 male tergite X 13 aedeagus in ventral view 14 aedeagus in lateral view 15 apical portion of underside of paramere. Scale bars: a = 1mm, b = 0.5mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="key to the multipunctatus species group of quedius (raphirus) from yunnan province, china">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
Key to the multipunctatus species group of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Raphirus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raphirus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Raphirus</taxonomicName>
) from Yunnan Province, China
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<table pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius nabanhensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nabanhensis">Quedius nabanhensis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius chrysogonus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysogonus">Quedius chrysogonus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius puetzi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puetzi">Quedius puetzi</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius viridimicans" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridimicans">Quedius viridimicans</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius michaeli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="michaeli">Quedius michaeli</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="key to the intricatus species group of quedius (raphirus) from yunnan province, china">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
Key to the intricatus species group of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Raphirus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Raphirus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Raphirus</taxonomicName>
) from Yunnan Province, China
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<table pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius maoxingi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maoxingi">Quedius maoxingi</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius torrentum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torrentum">Quedius torrentum</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius rivulorum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rivulorum">Quedius rivulorum</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
Figure 16. Map showing the collecting sites of the multipunctatus group and intricatus group of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
in Yunnan Prov. 1
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius nabanhensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nabanhensis">Quedius nabanhensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 2
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius chrysogonus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysogonus">Quedius chrysogonus</taxonomicName>
Smetana 3
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius puetzi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puetzi">Quedius puetzi</taxonomicName>
Smetana 4
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius viridimicans" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridimicans">Quedius viridimicans</taxonomicName>
Smetana 5
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius michaeli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="michaeli">Quedius michaeli</taxonomicName>
Smetana 6
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius maoxingi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maoxingi">Quedius maoxingi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 7
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius torrentum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torrentum">Quedius torrentum</taxonomicName>
Smetana 8
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quedius rivulorum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rivulorum">Quedius rivulorum</taxonomicName>
Smetana.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSection>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>