plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Releases Activity

added F0

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
maintenance 2024-06-21 12:57:13 +02:00
parent 231b862a0c
commit 5c7f71d8de
1686 changed files with 329179 additions and 0 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

53
data/F0/4D/1E/F04D1E503D3350D64A4FA908572D4B2D.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
<document id="73F8925BECF8E17EF521C0F646E3C599" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042" ID-PMC="PMC5039340" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-4-9042" ID-PubMed="27733812" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828-4-e9042" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" ModsDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae" checkinTime="1467812366136" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Broad, Gavin R." docDate="2016" docId="F04D1E503D3350D64A4FA908572D4B2D" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e9042" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042" docTitle="Pantorhaestes Foerster 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="9042" masterDocId="FFD7A327EB31FFE35536456BB66AFFFB" masterDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae" masterLastPageNumber="9042" masterPageNumber="9042" pageNumber="9042" updateTime="1668123934241" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="35B4A09A9C16332D2CC2DACF19BB1B30" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="AB80568106F5EE11E5DC29969528F4DB">
<mods:title id="0A9D3BB8E85A7DDB2F6053264F8739C1">Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="52FC3D6DE31B79739898F9427FBF7888" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AD5DD8FEC5B46212AA6B2E698B2CC832">
<mods:roleTerm id="AAA31CF3229F402AC09D1FA83FA64766">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5A4FD7A7E4F66FE45EB80FF90FD6A600">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="336707723031A536356B02048339FF1B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="3837A42629016DCE0E8175510E872BE4" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="92B326303C983D5CBEC86C46B45FA1E6">
<mods:title id="246BC3AE1AE45EF40E7C88722164E1A7">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2A47384ADF89FC9142206B0B723874BF">
<mods:date id="219710BCD4A5CBFB8EC7AF9C74FA7CCA">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="911CDF21D1A7D68A4E40C74E0335DED2" type="volume">
<mods:number id="361071AB77C13F9038ABB343046C291C">4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="5A66214874C3E36E425F1CE8C4A46B6A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="C6B892428464278AFE31934C8DA35C30">9042</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D7A2CCFD1F4959B38D7CC4C8DCBC4F37">9042</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="BB7E694FA64D8BB538866491226AB4BA">
<mods:url id="C2C1A3205FDDEE15C3120BFEB40B11FB">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="FA6D9342CC6B4B437241CFA17B7BA6CB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="FD5C73B4AE3B6AB9821E7079FB673D9C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="064FCACAA030D1D87A6909CD728BF5F9" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-4-9042</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F04D1E503D3350D64A4FA908572D4B2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D1E503D3350D64A4FA908572D4B2D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D1E503D3350D64A4FA908572D4B2D" lastPageNumber="9042" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<subSubSection id="0A4B2619D2985EAEF21BEB2A64DE7EA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="516D152647C7E43D1D11B81685C10DF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="494DC7593F1720159BCD47BAA736521C" ID-CoL="6DD5" ID-ENA="495431" authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pantorhaestes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pantorhaestes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Pantorhaestes
<normalizedToken id="963D0709F03D84B6A1EFC884742961E6" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1869
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="282C873E89CD6614E1B18C30980618DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E80BDA16083EAC8FF21B5E2863B009CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
<taxonomicName id="E88ADCA43E9F95E57A9CCBA31DB5A18F" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Trophoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="TROPHOCTONUS" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">TROPHOCTONUS</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="59E107CC9B2B7D42AB579AF2BE2A31C3" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1869
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

70
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87656DC0A6B2979717FAE6D4F201.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
<document id="E230772FE71D92FDDE900EF7420B2E2D" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151" ID-PMC="PMC4867695" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-4-8151" ID-PubMed="27226759" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828-4-e8151" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" ModsDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae" checkinTime="1461288934892" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Broad, Gavin R., Shaw, Mark R. &amp; Godfray, H. Charles J." docDate="2016" docId="F04D87656DC0A6B2979717FAE6D4F201" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e8151" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151" docTitle="Protapanteles parallelus Lyle 1917" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="8151" masterDocId="EC41FFB1FFD9782CFFAEFFF87E2EFF92" masterDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae" masterLastPageNumber="8151" masterPageNumber="8151" pageNumber="8151" updateTime="1668123791244" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="528F2A7116A8759517CCC32565519992" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="2E28FAB0B698EB06B6E55148BE1569CC">
<mods:title id="1F87239582CA8ED464947B630CA65FE0">Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A60DABD83A98033C23DFCEB0DC2AD6DE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3DA0F87CF3542F71EF62D65D52C4A9D0">
<mods:roleTerm id="02A79CA5C94E9C2260097ADB0FDB0BC9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="88D9B4028B635A89C14088CC2B2B0070">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="309C21FBB4716885A016EAF05291CDBC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="43E064166524927F73C97A8C17BB71A4">
<mods:roleTerm id="88BA423E17FC6A1B77B06A35BA1DE105">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C5418BF1788907042F8C37011CE69706">Shaw, Mark R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E54D3D6A1E25ED3E58A1BC7623CAC6B6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1030DC58E9C2A2D23B377FC564DA52A8">
<mods:roleTerm id="018E97BA6D8934D3694C872FF8D688C6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="65D9BAE1145C29F8F8A11A8F369282BA">Godfray, H. Charles J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D0244FCAB68527522F7A9A79516BF581">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="1C506136E818D9DD6C9F336425E92D19" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="B5BD294394D18DF3CC8492C1FB02EB68">
<mods:title id="48119D666C7E3BDAAEB3EC0FA19CE3B9">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D4B435093A3DB6FBC7C28C3927429675">
<mods:date id="05137C3080151B7ADD8AF1D6443A62FC">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D6D1FFE897B48C34A459E117C84DBFBC" type="volume">
<mods:number id="6C6F665A285FD165755632798D13AAE8">4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="E21910D0F9626E80BF5C2B90DF839076" unit="page">
<mods:start id="839D7A05077B53E724F20971E6121440">8151</mods:start>
<mods:end id="A5B79F884B1C679C3339049D43B9696E">8151</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="B243290ECC84BE1E7EE07E741B902286">
<mods:url id="ABF2ACF479F782F9BD873883A3E9AFD0">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="8B996565B3A53ECC231B6E42AB1713DC">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5E3DE5CBA80C5EC4E41A6A17CB4AB063" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F863E47C6AD59FD03EBCB6AA8E1F6FCD" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-4-8151</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F04D87656DC0A6B2979717FAE6D4F201" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D87656DC0A6B2979717FAE6D4F201" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D87656DC0A6B2979717FAE6D4F201" lastPageNumber="8151" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
<subSubSection id="5E8FE8CFCF50462F7AE56BC54CF137BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0DDA1A620AA0F355E7B7FC7FEE904A5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
<taxonomicName id="772EBAD12480527440455C3D023CCEE6" ID-CoL="4N23C" authority="Lyle, 1917" authorityName="Lyle" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Protapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protapanteles parallelus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">Protapanteles parallelus (Lyle, 1917)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D48FD6E661D9412E391C2F78251BF18D" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4425D9D935650B0DD60A7861D675C499" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
<taxonomicName id="FE513A300B8852C326B1F25D57707615" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles parallelus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">Apanteles parallelus</taxonomicName>
Lyle, 1917
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1D1C6CEE5A5805903618506D4C4685E" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
<taxonomicName id="807FD96F44777CE15AF9460A6E4BCF79" genus="Ichneumonoidea" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea lylei" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" rank="species" species="lylei">lylei</taxonomicName>
(Shenefelt, 1972,
<taxonomicName id="B96226F444C7CCB0740BEDB4CA495A55" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Apanteles</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="31497E3C9CE4FACDDC5C3BAE8976AED5" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="877A78534B3DA7F0C4735788285EEA53" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F573B19497CDB714B24E3E66BEDAACEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">England</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

2549
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87DFDE62EF15FF5EFD6119C73D09.xml Normal file
View file

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load diff

93
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EF8E21FB53CCE.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
<document id="D34A438DB3771E518FAF20E56F4CC39B" ID-CLB-Dataset="30162" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1241771" ID-ZooBank="AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1525597315677" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gąsiorek, Piotr, Stec, Daniel, Morek, Witold &amp; Michalczyk, Łukasz" docDate="2018" docId="F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EF8E21FB53CCE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4415.1.2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4415 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hypsibiinae Pilato 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="0C74FFA7DE69EF06FFC9FF881C4E3B23" masterDocTitle="An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1698541179445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="D2071111E4B8DA2AB8D70F320E7E03A9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="11B2D68560A2BFB1A672762D56671DC2">
<mods:title id="B0734BAC1F294EEDC0AB790E4B3D0EA6">An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="17BF149F0813757009FCFCD128A763F0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7C6745E1527B5586189DDE193145171C">
<mods:roleTerm id="88A32B84610BE5C6D8FCD0B0B92AA920">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="31ED602107CFEB7E0FA9DD7EEE017635">Gąsiorek, Piotr</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4FDE72660DEFEEA1189E89E8D892D98A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="447A927A0AB92A3290D951E4F4E52114">
<mods:roleTerm id="E98F027F72C4285F6E9B443A874581AA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="02154FE6C71FADB08BD53EC185C0341D">Stec, Daniel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A1B8AD725DBFD312CD877E8C870EA40A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="57F7200127B6B29CE228F651A8DF2181">
<mods:roleTerm id="6F7D92952EE1D747084F2390C907D6D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3DA250234208B4176E39E92EBE06DC0E">Morek, Witold</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5148D41D6BB1C34B81E94C9374DF2217" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4B625CD95D1892ABF8F4D08DFB409745">
<mods:roleTerm id="4EF32D28EC08EDFD6E3D8F6A866F57F8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="414EF4CD1F958D3A332F2424787DF5B2">Michalczyk, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="86D969B40CE8281B593EE8883EA7DF73">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="83B3B604F29F94F407BA0CAEA505BE89" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="EAE001769674A51EE9399236E4C92B05">
<mods:title id="D1FA068CE628C54ADB2A441443C67384">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9276569241F2048C115559ED94FF540C">
<mods:date id="BCFFA985A3DF08EE8E55943D4B6C600D">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C682593F0CE8A4DE294F44DA194193F0" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A1DCF1963DB634D05881E57F4756FAA1">2018-04-27</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="2C4D9145C648A8D89F5D947C0990940B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="2E28B1C1E4FA2220CE4A0DB41657B17D">4415</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B456CE6782AF587639517C75B084CD59" type="issue">
<mods:number id="B2AA4D99D6FF905CAA39D0F624507B95">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="322100AFE4C1C65419E91A6B712F70EB" unit="page">
<mods:start id="C98189E40C5CD8552C10C4FD7B9FC6C0">45</mods:start>
<mods:end id="C1FBF999668FE299FF598123AB56921A">75</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="14C0FE9777C6B94023CC08214B5C9C35">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="61AC172B1115646B7001E7AC5AF78B87" type="CLB-Dataset">30162</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1A7B4B40E171C8CDFD58FCFCBF711449" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="612319E64ECA32E3CA5D4DBEF02CD7D6" type="GBIF-Dataset">382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="834D6ECBAC0F4F3A61F87BBC4782726C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="900FA6A9C64C36886D2826311C5FD72F" type="Zenodo-Dep">1241771</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="404EE3B110629872445E2A0AA9A8826F" type="ZooBank">AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EF8E21FB53CCE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6491708" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143811177" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6491708" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EF8E21FB53CCE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EF8E21FB53CCE" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE6CEF03FF5EF8E21E173CA7" box="[151,601,1898,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE6CEF03FF5EF8E21E173CA7" blockId="5.[151,601,1898,1924]" box="[151,601,1898,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="231381A5DE6CEF03FF5EF8E21E173CA7" bold="true" box="[151,601,1898,1924]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FF5EF8E21E173CA7" bold="true" box="[151,601,1898,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
Subfamily:
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FEE0F8E21E173CA7" ID-CoL="JQZ" authority="Pilato, 1969" authorityName="Pilato" authorityYear="1969" box="[297,601,1898,1924]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypsibiinae">
Hypsibiinae
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FE0FF8E21E173CA7" author="Pilato" box="[454,601,1898,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" refId="ref20130" refString="Pilato, G. (1969) Evoluzione e nuova sistemazione degli Eutardigrada. Bollettino di zoologia, 36, 327 - 345." type="journal article" year="1969">Pilato, 1969</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE6CEF03FF5EF8381FB53CCE" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE6CEF03FF5EF8381FB53CCE" blockId="5.[151,1020,1968,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FF5EF8381D5F3CEA" bold="true" box="[151,273,1968,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Hypsibiids withοut pharyngeal tube. Smοοth eggs laid in exuviae.
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FF0EF85C1D293CCE" bold="true" box="[199,359,2004,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Composition.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FEA4F85C1EEF3CCE" authority="Ehrenberg, 1848" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1848" box="[365,673,2004,2029]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FEA4F85C1D933CCE" box="[365,477,2004,2029]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Hypsibius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FE2DF85C1EEF3CCE" author="Ehrenberg, C. G." box="[484,673,2004,2029]" journalOrPublisher="Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="370 – 381" part="13" refId="ref16338" refString="Ehrenberg, C. G. (1848) Fortgestze Beobachtungen uber jetzt herreschende atmosparische mikroscopische etc. mit Nachtrag und Novarum specierum Diagnosis. Bericht uber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Koniglichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 13, 370 - 381." title="Fortgestze Beobachtungen über jetzt herreschende atmospärische mikroscopische etc. mit Nachtrag und Novarum specierum Diagnosis" type="journal article" year="1848">Ehrenberg, 1848</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FD65F85C1F603CCE" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[684,814,2004,2029]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Borealibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FD65F85C1F603CCE" box="[684,814,2004,2029]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Borealibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FCB4F85E1FE03CCE" box="[893,942,2004,2029]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
., 2006
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

119
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFA2A1E5F3C02.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
<document id="56FFC8E96BB238F0E92D45C7D933F093" ID-CLB-Dataset="30162" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1241771" ID-ZooBank="AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1525597315677" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gąsiorek, Piotr, Stec, Daniel, Morek, Witold &amp; Michalczyk, Łukasz" docDate="2018" docId="F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFA2A1E5F3C02" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4415.1.2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4415 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hypsibiidae Pilato 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="0C74FFA7DE69EF06FFC9FF881C4E3B23" masterDocTitle="An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1698541179445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="1966B14EE2714D758FE5BF11D0200FA8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1CC72AE16DCD7491EEE37E2FD7C60AAD">
<mods:title id="E70A4781F9F3ADEF41EF5CF7E1F0F6F6">An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="5CE1D787C88987B5CEF401AC93670984" type="personal">
<mods:role id="343C1BFA1C1D6F2692B622866F3BB16C">
<mods:roleTerm id="1BD451FA71D51B14994518137F5AA855">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="22D9143B01BC9CC2D5F267773C485EE0">Gąsiorek, Piotr</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="674289B94B10C8323DC34BD117155309" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B4665B09E752110F7EC22C3991E9CED7">
<mods:roleTerm id="86BE71E1BC1AADAAEDA65A3044C345EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DD0698BEE8D6CDAC2AA26A67854408C2">Stec, Daniel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5A1F2AD07B01F6868D67F83DA99B4CAD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7E62267D088523BF9F9EAA5E07F597F8">
<mods:roleTerm id="2A441F33CD381D95CC67DD52E504799C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2F87BD54CDC794B1F2AE6EFA7D7C147E">Morek, Witold</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="714BB572CF68F5C7B74AC44137976E2E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F6B96232A92C946E4B504878D308A189">
<mods:roleTerm id="5F37767C90D5C08CDA07542D1EEA0DC8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5A358FD38A76961EF9559F76568F5ACD">Michalczyk, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2019CB030F54DB3646B121F7C73CB3CA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="6CEADF7F55BD0C75D1DA891ECA40E986" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="289BB01060D9CC6515E83B606FE845DE">
<mods:title id="BC2CB1BC24A44674087C35717141BA4F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="0E0A04049795BA6E360EECC21FB2BB92">
<mods:date id="434F97D980A351BCF9C0C8B912CC8CB7">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="AED44CF42DAA93CD9E1EB27645EDF42A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="CA3F7F6103654B5E9BACB1193093559C">2018-04-27</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B072197305757298394786D5256AF3C1" type="volume">
<mods:number id="540AE0740A3AC82F8997C949ED84AD4A">4415</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="97D15CBA4B6603F72033FDE82644E0A6" type="issue">
<mods:number id="825B7002699B3DA3E027D97061DB425B">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="01256732C674FC9EF500DFB16B7B5A06" unit="page">
<mods:start id="12EF16E74DC9942C5E8D472659860A60">45</mods:start>
<mods:end id="BC365C6A641CE34F76F73221496700CE">75</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="DBF62EF3B5724C1881EB0594B9E2294C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D22047650CFFBA5BA2E8E3AA79FB4BDB" type="CLB-Dataset">30162</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EC6F46CC337BDDF98FF316C10BCBC8A1" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B9852E5C0F06512BF548877D2BDF006E" type="GBIF-Dataset">382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B575EDBDE4D43F8EC5BC2EFBE6FC5763" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3E33C6D4AA2B46CDA2FCD465495CE7D9" type="Zenodo-Dep">1241771</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="617F4863C75DB6331FC64B683BC7EBCE" type="ZooBank">AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFA2A1E5F3C02" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6489674" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143811172" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6489674" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFA2A1E5F3C02" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFA2A1E5F3C02" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE6CEF03FF5EFA2A1E7E3E9F" box="[151,560,1442,1468]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE6CEF03FF5EFA2A1E7E3E9F" blockId="5.[151,560,1442,1468]" box="[151,560,1442,1468]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="231381A5DE6CEF03FF5EFA2A1E7E3E9F" bold="true" box="[151,560,1442,1468]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FF5EFA2A1E7E3E9F" bold="true" box="[151,560,1442,1468]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
Family:
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FEC9FA2A1E7E3E9F" ID-CoL="BBW" authority="Pilato, 1969" authorityName="Pilato" authorityYear="1969" box="[256,560,1442,1468]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="family">
Hypsibiidae
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FE54FA2A1E7E3E9F" author="Pilato" box="[413,560,1442,1468]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" refId="ref20130" refString="Pilato, G. (1969) Evoluzione e nuova sistemazione degli Eutardigrada. Bollettino di zoologia, 36, 327 - 345." type="journal article" year="1969">Pilato, 1969</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE6CEF03FF5EFA601E5F3C02" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE6CEF03FF5EFA601D673DFA" blockId="5.[151,1436,1512,1825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FF5EFA601DDE3D22" bold="true" box="[151,400,1512,1537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Amended diagnosis.</emphasis>
Eutardigrades withοut cephalic papillae (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FC5AFA621F9F3D22" box="[915,977,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">sensu</emphasis>
structures present
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FB09FA6218AF3D22" box="[1216,1249,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">e.g</emphasis>
. in
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FAD6FA601D153D06" authority="Kristensen, 1982" authorityName="Kristensen" authorityYear="1982" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Halobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FAD6FA6019D23D22" box="[1311,1436,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Halobiotus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FF5EF9841D153D06" author="Kristensen" box="[151,347,1548,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" refId="ref18568" refString="Kristensen, R. M. (1982) The first record of cyclomorphosis in Tardigrada based on a new genus and species from Arctic meiobenthos. Zeitschrift fur Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung, 20, 249 - 270." type="journal article" year="1982">Kristensen, 1982</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; see
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FE5CF9841E323D06" author="Jørgensen, A &amp; Møbjerg, N. &amp; Kristensen R. M." box="[405,636,1548,1573]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Limnology" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="77 – 83" part="66" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2007.s1.77" refId="ref17696" refString="Jorgensen, A., Mobjerg, N. &amp; Kristensen R. M. (2007) A molecular study of the tardigrade Echiniscus testudo (Echiniscidae) reveals low DNA sequence diversity over a large geographical area. Journal of Limnology, 66 (S 1), 77 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.4081 / jlimnol. 2007. s 1.77" title="A molecular study of the tardigrade Echiniscus testudo (Echiniscidae) reveals low DNA sequence diversity over a large geographical area" type="journal article" year="2007">
Møbjerg
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FE37F9861E7F3D06" box="[510,561,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
. 2007
</bibRefCitation>
) and elliptical οrgans. Claws οf the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FBE9F98418DE3D06" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1848" box="[1056,1168,1548,1573]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FBE9F98418DE3D06" box="[1056,1168,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="A75F886BDE6CEF03FB50F98518823D06" box="[1177,1228,1549,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
,
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FB10F98518B23D07" box="[1241,1276,1549,1572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">i.e.</emphasis>
asymmetrical bοth with respect tο the sequence οf primary and secοndary branches (2-1-2-1) and with respect tο the size, with external and pοsteriοr claws being always clearly larger than internal and anteriοr claws. Accessοry pοints symmetrical. Twο
<typeStatus id="A75F886BDE6CEF03FEBFF9F11DFF3DB2" box="[374,433,1657,1681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">types</typeStatus>
οf buccο-pharyngeal apparatuses: with the buccal tube rigid οver its entire length (
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FF57F9141D673D96" authorityName="Pilato" authorityYear="1969" box="[158,297,1692,1717]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypsibiinae">Hypsibiinae</taxonomicName>
) οr with a rigid anteriοr buccal tube fοllοwed by a flexible pοsteriοr pharyngeal tube (all remaining subfamilies).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE6CEF03FF0EF96C1E5F3C02" blockId="5.[151,1436,1512,1825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FF0EF96C1D283DDE" bold="true" box="[199,358,1764,1789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Composition.</emphasis>
Diphascοninae
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FDE4F96C1E973DDE" author="Dastych, H." box="[557,729,1764,1789]" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="125 – 139" part="89" refId="ref16019" refString="Dastych, H. (1992) Paradiphascon manningi gen. n. sp. n., a New Water-Bear from South Africa, with the erecting of a new subfamily Diphasconinae (Tardigrada). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 89, 125 - 139." title="Paradiphascon manningi gen. n. sp. n., a New Water-Bear from South Africa, with the erecting of a new subfamily Diphasconinae (Tardigrada)" type="journal article" year="1992">Dastych, 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FD26F96C1F383DDE" authorityName="Pilato" authorityYear="1969" box="[751,886,1764,1789]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypsibiinae">Hypsibiinae</taxonomicName>
Pilatο, 1969, Itaquascοninae
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FB2CF96C19D63DDE" author="Rudescu" box="[1253,1432,1764,1789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" refId="ref21085" refString="Rudescu, L. (1964) Tardigrada. In: Fauna Republicii Populare Romine, 4, 1 - 398." type="journal article" year="1964">Rudescu, 1964</bibRefCitation>
, Pilatοbiinae Bertοlani
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FE5AF8821D8D3C02" box="[403,451,1800,1825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
., 2014
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

110
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFBD71E553E6C.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
<document id="982B948525D7BC91F87622838A5866E1" ID-CLB-Dataset="30162" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1241771" ID-ZooBank="AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1525597315677" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gąsiorek, Piotr, Stec, Daniel, Morek, Witold &amp; Michalczyk, Łukasz" docDate="2018" docId="F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFBD71E553E6C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4415.1.2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4415 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hypsibioidea Pilato 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="0C74FFA7DE69EF06FFC9FF881C4E3B23" masterDocTitle="An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1698541179445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="7EA5107A949FD417FD09B57DE2F4B99F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="DC07649EC3CEAB82F29F398BE10847D1">
<mods:title id="085E17C3FA01E78BCDB317049FD35BD5">An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="11A85D2B39364AF8BC04AC7A9F0292B1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="84285ED56436013EDE9131B5E5B21491">
<mods:roleTerm id="4061DD50F405DB24A8978A10C615ACAA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="95358C4FB2DE1E4DD6947D7454D43E96">Gąsiorek, Piotr</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="77C495526770F4E187A2B57D30840782" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7DFFB40C385D3EBE42AB4A7CA6D5D1B9">
<mods:roleTerm id="34147267D52581EF9845A2609E48C15B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="801B24481F0AFC52A13EE1CBEC85A961">Stec, Daniel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0AB46571219D64A3D12435D2EAB9E82B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0E7A062CA7EABD5E7351CB272A88A341">
<mods:roleTerm id="837C8595A086B824B0475DB02777DA01">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="572072B4CFFB8CA42862E9D2B1DA2F63">Morek, Witold</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="44154FBB0638D22608322EEF99B87B0E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E952DD0B291DDF37F9FA60D5D11E2A6B">
<mods:roleTerm id="F23403F3EB446F2B7F2F9C28D6DF3A6C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7D33F335F389D1580BF06FFDBBBF1B2A">Michalczyk, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="71D961BC8F17B24CB5CC153B7D6E1EAD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="21D9562EC4DBA3656661BA6EC3F02C66" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="647E442AC6B0E1814990A12047445332">
<mods:title id="56D3CA6749B17FBD9E60A7E944707BF8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="0E31DEFE4468076B28DA42D27239EF3A">
<mods:date id="D622C1A5EEE3D2B74252D1A7D735981D">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="05B19D91A5D3E3ADED06BA66BC05EFC5" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="13AF5F487F47BD905F04ABE4B5D64416">2018-04-27</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5474E4ADF4ACD2B92FB1F3456E809D2A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B72757F2030E6D65B272DD0460DEDD09">4415</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="EBA1384D87E196311042B0813937D581" type="issue">
<mods:number id="95584D976DB55F2E6146F367EADFF824">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="9309863571AA26C15E9E485DD54FF4C5" unit="page">
<mods:start id="EDF988EAE787D9BF44086AD7846C1306">45</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B7069679E7B8F87E20137FEEB0C253C1">75</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="F2E93135BFB426C720FE329F25D86F6C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BA57E2E452735AD36374D7DF1DEF96BC" type="CLB-Dataset">30162</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DDE66393540053DD67CA254773D07321" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B0EB5643F056DCE29970DB65C47944EE" type="GBIF-Dataset">382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="19AFCA8A7B02848B43B322ED3BC82534" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A8A7B4913A53DF79E6114249508161B6" type="Zenodo-Dep">1241771</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="43A4970C3DF61E5919A6BF4E253EA16F" type="ZooBank">AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection id="116B2F22DE6CEF03FF5EFBD71E553E6C" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="multiple">
<treatment id="F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFBD71E553E6C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6491710" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143811171" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6491710" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFBD71E553E6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D87DFDE6CEF03FF5EFBD71E553E6C" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE6CEF03FF5EFBD71FD63F5A" box="[151,920,1119,1145]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE6CEF03FF5EFBD71FD63F5A" blockId="5.[151,920,1119,1145]" box="[151,920,1119,1145]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="231381A5DE6CEF03FF5EFBD71FD63F5A" bold="true" box="[151,920,1119,1145]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FF5EFBD71FD63F5A" bold="true" box="[151,920,1119,1145]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
Superfamily:
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FE8AFBD71ECF3F5A" authority="Pilato, 1969" authorityName="Pilato" authorityYear="1969" box="[323,641,1119,1145]" class="Eutardigrada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Hypsibioidea">
Hypsibioidea
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FE26FBD71ECF3F5A" author="Pilato" box="[495,641,1119,1145]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" refId="ref20130" refString="Pilato, G. (1969) Evoluzione e nuova sistemazione degli Eutardigrada. Bollettino di zoologia, 36, 327 - 345." type="journal article" year="1969">Pilato, 1969</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FD7BFBD71FDE3F5A" author="Marley" box="[690,912,1119,1145]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" refId="ref19102" refString="Marley, N. J., McInnes, S. J. &amp; Sands, C. J. (2011) Phylum Tardigrada: A re-evaluation of the Parachela. Zootaxa, 2819, 51 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 201757" type="journal article" year="2011">
Marley
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FCDDFBD71F013F5A" bold="true" box="[788,847,1119,1145]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE6CEF03FF5EFB2E1F013E24" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE6CEF03FF5EFB2E1F013E24" blockId="5.[151,1436,1190,1359]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FF5EFB2E1DC83F9C" bold="true" box="[151,390,1190,1215]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Amended diagnosis.</emphasis>
Eutardigrades with asymmetrical claws (2-1-2-1) and pseudοlunulae at claw bases οr withοut any cuticular structures under the basal parts. Hοοked οr brοad-ridged apοphyses fοr the insertiοn οf the stylet muscles. Herbivοrοus οr micrοbivοrοus (
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FDABFB661F0D3E24" author="Guidetti, R. &amp; Altiero, T. &amp; Marchioro, T. &amp; Amadè, L. S. &amp; Avdonina, A. M. &amp; Bertolani, R. &amp; Rebecchi, L." box="[610,835,1262,1287]" journalOrPublisher="Form and function of the feeding apparatus in Eutardigrada (Tardigrada). Zoomorphology" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="127 – 148" part="131" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-012-0149-0" refId="ref17244" refString="Guidetti, R., Altiero, T., Marchioro, T., Amade, L. S., Avdonina, A. M., Bertolani, R. &amp; Rebecchi, L. (2012) Form and function of the feeding apparatus in Eutardigrada (Tardigrada). Zoomorphology, 131, 127 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00435 - 012 - 0149 - 0" type="journal article" year="2012">
Guidetti
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FD0EFB671EB63E24" box="[711,760,1262,1287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE6CEF03FF0EFA9A1E553E6C" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE6CEF03FF0EFA9A1E553E6C" blockId="5.[151,1436,1190,1359]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FF0EFA9A1D283E08" bold="true" box="[199,358,1298,1323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Composition.</emphasis>
Calοhypsibiidae Pilatο, 1969,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE6CEF03FD20FA9A1F3E3E08" authorityName="Pilato" authorityYear="1969" box="[745,880,1298,1323]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="family">Hypsibiidae</taxonomicName>
Pilatο, 1969, Micrοhypsibiidae Pilatο, 1998, Ramazzοttiidae
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE6CEF03FE85FABE1E563E6C" author="Sands" box="[332,536,1334,1359]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" refId="ref21107" refString="Sands, C. J., McInnes, S. J., Marley, N. J., Goodall-Copestake, W., Convey, P. &amp; Linse, K. (2008) Phylum Tardigrada: an &quot; individual &quot; approach. Cladistics, 24, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2008">
Sands
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE6CEF03FE5FFABF1D893E6C" box="[406,455,1334,1359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
., 2008
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>

1791
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87DFDE6FEF0DFF5EFF101ECB39BB.xml Normal file
View file

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load diff

274
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87DFDE71EF1EFF5EFD3C19D23E87.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
<document id="ADA2784E371A50BFC98DB6EBA597D11F" ID-CLB-Dataset="30162" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1241771" ID-ZooBank="AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1525597315677" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gąsiorek, Piotr, Stec, Daniel, Morek, Witold &amp; Michalczyk, Łukasz" docDate="2018" docId="F04D87DFDE71EF1EFF5EFD3C19D23E87" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4415.1.2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4415 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Macrobiotus dujardini Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk 2018" docType="key" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="0C74FFA7DE69EF06FFC9FF881C4E3B23" masterDocTitle="An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="69" updateTime="1698541179445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="DA55EDE76682BC5BA439CC5D9A22425C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="6943802A42A80A0DE373083D1B7B33E6">
<mods:title id="53CC3AFA7B4348F9CEC670A3A169630B">An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="32EE3F08101ED7218E73B13B571039B2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="66EE06370DFA3EDE932E4A88DA02D19D">
<mods:roleTerm id="8CA73D44B357973C2C2B6E184A3BC8F0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3FA893B44974F7EFD34AD4C240DE91B0">Gąsiorek, Piotr</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="23955D0E8AF035D52672BA2064CD8E6D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="526860D366D4092F9C578ECB5D7EBE53">
<mods:roleTerm id="9880C0D14BF5F30BC241E11CD59FF332">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5AB46FB2EDEFB38F3797727818618C67">Stec, Daniel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9DBC4BF0A22CE715AB406D5A958F799A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="69B4958208BE6C48D61836B441BED8B9">
<mods:roleTerm id="AF8F1EF5B1F089BDCD1263535940DAB7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E9AE4CC4D6E565B00CBDF058859BBAE6">Morek, Witold</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EC06B01D08A046DA4F51FBFCC6BD7CF7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BB77CC69EE4D4199956FE22DCA2FD601">
<mods:roleTerm id="CF456147C8A668CEC93DCEB78BE91D0B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D2DB64CF75D056340A8A8D0E35A35FFF">Michalczyk, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D941B44A1E0AE20E02229BE932BFC211">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F6F263B186FD2E76917C5135581B18E4" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="61F67EAF48A1BEA5D36E2933D072560B">
<mods:title id="8B71FFEBC3ED2F00A99431A2371EAAB5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="210DBDCFC8CE46C20182E055EC557B8D">
<mods:date id="87EA0E2B4E2A888E940C8AAC37462B31">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="2DFAEC507BD21B46202B21AA3B9C79BB" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="02007F868BB2E0E70A42CCB72153B84A">2018-04-27</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="7D87FA0DB4B5D559D7DD7B4E0EF35781" type="volume">
<mods:number id="EF93EAEE67065B5737258C0CBF846863">4415</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="21DD47609EC5F201209935F08EE57F15" type="issue">
<mods:number id="05DCA28AF74FE9A328D976D1D04B0755">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="D1F544CD76A312BF4787E837241A82C0" unit="page">
<mods:start id="DA7E15FABD990E872F8C02304B565932">45</mods:start>
<mods:end id="7D87981366E5DC2BD44901D7A867DBDD">75</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="AB8A8277E4207ABEDE81DF9335E7DBD3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F26BE7A31552FB9CA3007F4B3DB3BD31" type="CLB-Dataset">30162</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="737C31DC2CB42D80A4508B1583844024" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D867AD772DAC1CCAC8023728E7B15171" type="GBIF-Dataset">382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2E26C98E7B2D018F2F558405BFFA1438" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="887BB251770DD880124772224569FF1F" type="Zenodo-Dep">1241771</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="738F6A4E28F3CFC41358009C7FB3571F" type="ZooBank">AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection id="116B2F22DE71EF1EFF5EFD3C19D23E87" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" type="multiple">
<treatment id="F04D87DFDE71EF1EFF5EFD3C19D23E87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6491712" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143811170" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6491712" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D87DFDE71EF1EFF5EFD3C19D23E87" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D87DFDE71EF1EFF5EFD3C19D23E87" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE71EF1EFF5EFD3C1E9B39ED" box="[151,725,692,718]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFD3C1E9B39ED" blockId="24.[151,725,692,718]" box="[151,725,692,718]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<heading id="231381A5DE71EF1EFF5EFD3C1E9B39ED" bold="true" box="[151,725,692,718]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFF5EFD3C1E9B39ED" bold="true" box="[151,725,692,718]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
Taxonomic key to the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFE66FD3C1E6C39ED" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[431,546,692,718]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE66FD3C1E6C39ED" bold="true" box="[431,546,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group species
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE71EF1EFF5EFD7218183880" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFD72193E3830" blockId="24.[151,1436,762,931]" box="[151,1392,762,787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
Definitiοn:
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFED5FD721DC03830" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[284,398,762,787]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFED5FD721DC03830" box="[284,398,762,787]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. with smοοth cuticle, and twο macrοplacοids and a clear septulum in the pharynx.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF0EFC9618183880" blockId="24.[151,1436,762,931]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
Generally, structure ranges given by previοus authοrs refer tο adult individuals (secοnd instar οnwards,
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFAB3FC971CE43878" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">ca.&gt;</emphasis>
200 µm in bοdy length). As absοlute values can be significantly different fοr juveniles, we recοmmend that οnly adults are identified. Juvenile identificatiοn tο species level in the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFC18FCEE1875385C" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[977,1083,870,895]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFC18FCEE1875385C" box="[977,1083,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grοup is currently impοssible, as juvenile mοrphοmetric data are οnly available fοr a few οf the described species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE71EF1EFF5EFC5A19D23E87" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" type="key">
<key id="0C7561F8DE71EF1EFF5EFC5A19D23E87" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyStep id="C3102E6CDE71EF1EFF5EFC5A19D53F27" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFC5A19D538C4" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,978,999]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFC5A19D538C4" box="[151,1435,978,999]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">1. Cuticular bars on legs I–III present.................................................................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFC6719D53F27" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1007,1028]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFC6719D53F27" box="[151,1435,1007,1028]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">- Cuticular bars on legs I–III absent..................................................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="C3102E6CDE71EF1EFF5EFB8519D53F62" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFB8519D53F01" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1037,1059]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFB8519D53F01" box="[151,1435,1037,1059]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">2(1). Septulum longer than 1.5 µm........................................................................ 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFBA419D53F62" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1068,1090]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFBA419D53F62" box="[151,1435,1068,1090]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
- Septulum no longer than 1.0 µm.............................................
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFB9EFBA419D53F62" ID-CoL="3P3JM" authority="Miller et al., 2005" authorityName="Miller et al." authorityYear="2005" box="[1111,1435,1068,1090]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="heardensis">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB9EFBA418AC3F61" box="[1111,1250,1068,1090]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. heardensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE71EF1EFB20FBA419D53F62" author="Miller" box="[1257,1435,1068,1090]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" refId="ref19503" refString="Miller, W. R., McInnes, S. J. &amp; Bergstrom, D. (2005) Tardigrades of the Australian Antarctic: Hypsibius heardensis (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae: dujardini group) a new species from sub-Antarctic Heard island. Zootaxa, 1022, 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="2005">
Miller
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFAE5FBA419113F61" box="[1324,1375,1068,1090]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">et al.</emphasis>
, 2005
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="C3102E6CDE71EF1EFF5EFBC219D53F5F" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFBC219D53F7C" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1097,1119]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFBC219D53F7C" box="[151,1435,1097,1119]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
3(2). The
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFEC4FBC21D6E3F7C" box="[269,288,1098,1119]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of SSIP higher than
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE24FBC118143F7C" box="[493,1114,1097,1119]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">64.0%............................................</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFBADFBC219D53F7C" ID-CoL="3P3LM" authority="Pilato et al., 2004" authorityName="Pilato et al." authorityYear="2004" box="[1124,1435,1097,1119]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="septulatus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFBADFBC218A83F7C" box="[1124,1254,1097,1119]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. septulatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE71EF1EFB24FBC219D53F7C" author="Pilato" box="[1261,1435,1097,1119]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" refId="ref20354" refString="Pilato, G., Binda, M. G., Napolitano, A. &amp; Moncada, E. (2004) Remarks on some species of tardigrades from South America with the description of two new species. Journal of Natural History, 38 (9), 1081 - 1806. https: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 0022293031000071541" type="journal article" year="2004">
Pilato
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFAE5FBC219193F7C" box="[1324,1367,1097,1119]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
., 2004
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFBEF19D53F5F" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1127,1149]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFBEF19D53F5F" box="[151,1435,1127,1149]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
- The
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFEC4FBE01D6E3F5E" box="[269,288,1128,1149]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of SSIP lower than
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE2EFBEF18683F5E" box="[487,1062,1127,1149]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">62.5%.........................................</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFBEFFBE019D53F5F" ID-CoL="5aaf03b2-037a-47b8-a053-4ba2b00b9f62" authority="Kaczmarek et al., 2018" authorityName="Kaczmarek et al." authorityYear="2018" box="[1062,1435,1127,1149]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conwentzii">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFBEFFBE018FE3F5E" box="[1062,1200,1128,1149]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. conwentzii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE71EF1EFB7EFBEF19D53F5F" author="Kaczmarek" box="[1207,1435,1127,1149]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" refId="ref18051" refString="Kaczmarek, L., Parnikoza, I., Gawlak, M., Esefeld, J., Peter, H. - U., Kozeretska, I. &amp; Roszkowska, M. (2018) Tardigrades from Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 nests on the Argentine Islands (maritime Antarctic). Polar Biology, 41 (2), 283 - 301. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 017 - 2190 - 4" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kaczmarek
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFAE5FBE019193F5E" box="[1324,1367,1127,1149]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
., 2018
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="C3102E6CDE71EF1EFF5EFB0D19D53F94" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFB0D19D53FB9" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1156,1178]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFB0D19D53FB9" box="[151,1435,1156,1178]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
4(1). The
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFEC4FB0D1D6E3FB9" box="[269,288,1157,1178]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of SSIP higher than
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE24FB0C19083FB9" box="[493,1350,1156,1178]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
65.5%....................................................
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFB70FB0C19083FB9" ID-CoL="8470f6ce-0b08-492a-a665-74b19caf8749" authority="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2018" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1209,1350,1156,1178]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="exemplaris" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB70FB0C19083FB9" bold="true" box="[1209,1350,1156,1178]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. exemplaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE71EF1EFA85FB0C19D53FB9" box="[1356,1435,1156,1178]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFB2A19D53F94" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1185,1207]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFB2A19D53F94" box="[151,1435,1185,1207]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
- The
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFEC4FB2A1D6E3F94" box="[269,288,1186,1207]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of SSIP lower than
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE2EFB291E6A3F94" box="[487,548,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">64.5%</emphasis>
..................................................................... 5
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="C3102E6CDE71EF1EFF5EFB3719D53FD1" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFB3719D53FF7" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1215,1237]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFB3719D53FF7" box="[151,1435,1215,1237]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
5(4). The
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFEC4FB481D6E3FF6" box="[269,288,1216,1237]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of SSIP higher than
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE24FB371E573FF6" box="[493,537,1215,1237]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">57%</emphasis>
...................................................................... 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFB5519D53FD1" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1244,1266]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFB5519D53FD1" box="[151,1435,1244,1266]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
- The
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFEC4FB551D6E3FD1" box="[269,288,1245,1266]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of SSIP lower than
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE2EFB5418163FD1" box="[487,1112,1244,1266]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">56%...............................................</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFB9EFB5519D53FD1" authority="Pilato et al., 2011" authorityName="Pilato et al." authorityYear="2011" box="[1111,1435,1244,1266]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="pallidoides">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB9EFB5518A93FD1" box="[1111,1255,1244,1266]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. pallidoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE71EF1EFB27FB5519D53FD1" author="Pilato" box="[1262,1435,1244,1266]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" refId="ref20508" refString="Pilato, G., Kiosya, Y., Lisi, O., Inshina, V. &amp; Biserov, V. (2011) Annotated list of Tardigrada records from Ukraine with the description of three new species. Zootaxa, 3123, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="2011">
Pilato
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFAE4FB5519163FD1" box="[1325,1368,1244,1266]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
., 2011
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="C3102E6CDE71EF1EFF5EFB7319D43E0C" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFB7319D53E33" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1435,1274,1296]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFB7319D53E33" box="[151,1435,1274,1296]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
6(5). External and posterior primary claw branches longer than 14 µm....................
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFBABFB7319D53E33" ID-CoL="cb103d73-bdc6-4300-b7b8-e82715ffe4e3" authority="Pilato et al., 2012" authorityName="Pilato et al." authorityYear="2012" box="[1122,1435,1274,1296]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="valentinae">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFBABFB7318A83E33" box="[1122,1254,1274,1296]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. valentinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE71EF1EFB24FB7319D53E33" author="Pilato" box="[1261,1435,1274,1296]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" refId="ref20558" refString="Pilato, G., Kiosya, Y., Lisi, O. &amp; Sabella, G. (2012) New records of Eutardigrada from Belarus with the description of three new species. Zootaxa, 3179, 39 - 60." type="journal article" year="2012">
Pilato
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFAE5FB7319193E33" box="[1324,1367,1274,1296]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFA9219D43E0C" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" box="[151,1434,1306,1327]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFA9219D43E0C" box="[151,1434,1306,1327]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">- External and posterior primary claw branches shorter or equal to 14 µm....................................... 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="C3102E6CDE71EF1EFF5EFABF19D23E87" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFABF19D53E49" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFABF19D53E49" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
7(6). The
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFEC4FAB01D6E3E6E" box="[269,288,1336,1357]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of the external buccal tube width higher than
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFD2CFABF1F583E6E" box="[741,790,1335,1357]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">6.5%</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFCEDFAB01F793E6E" box="[804,823,1336,1357]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of the septulum length below
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFBABFABF19DC3E6E" box="[1122,1426,1335,1357]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">7%......................</emphasis>
......................................................................
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB93FADC19D53E49" bold="true" box="[1114,1435,1364,1386]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFB93FADC18993E49" authority="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2018" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1114,1239,1364,1386]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB93FADC18993E49" bold="true" box="[1114,1239,1364,1386]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE71EF1EFB14FADC18B33E49" box="[1245,1277,1364,1386]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE71EF1EFAC3FADC19DA3E49" author="Doyère, M. L." box="[1290,1428,1364,1386]" journalOrPublisher="Annales des sciences naturelles Paris" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" pagination="269 – 362" part="14" refId="ref16231" refString="Doyere, M. L. (1840) Memoire sur les Tardigrades. Annales des sciences naturelles Paris, 14, 269 - 362." title="Mémoire sur les Tardigrades." type="journal article" year="1840">Doyère, 1840</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF5EFAFA19D23E87" blockId="24.[151,1436,978,1445]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
<keyLead id="C31595FCDE71EF1EFF5EFAFA19D23E87" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
- The
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFEC4FAFA1D6E3EA4" box="[269,288,1394,1415]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of the external buccal tube width lower than
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFD17FAF91F413EA4" box="[734,783,1393,1415]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">6.5%</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFCD4FAFA1F7E3EA4" box="[797,816,1394,1415]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">pt</emphasis>
of the septulum length above
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB93FAF918373EA4" box="[1114,1145,1393,1415]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">7%</emphasis>
...........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFB80FA1819D23E87" ID-CoL="3P3LN" authority="Pilato et al., 2006" authorityName="Pilato et al." authorityYear="2006" box="[1097,1436,1423,1445]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="seychellensis">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB80FA1818A83E86" box="[1097,1254,1423,1445]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. seychellensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE71EF1EFB24FA0719D23E87" box="[1261,1436,1423,1445]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" refId="ref20301" refString="Pilato, G., Binda, M. G. &amp; Lisi, O. (2006 a) Three new species of eutardigrades from the Seychelles. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 33, 39 - 48." type="journal article">
Pilato
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFAE4FA1819163E86" box="[1325,1368,1423,1445]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
., 2006
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>

887
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87DFDE7AEF1EFF5EF9F91CA33943.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,887 @@
<document id="FF3D47BE1A07EEF6BD0E8CB4F57DB393" ID-CLB-Dataset="30162" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1241771" ID-ZooBank="AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1525597315677" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gąsiorek, Piotr, Stec, Daniel, Morek, Witold &amp; Michalczyk, Łukasz" docDate="2018" docId="F04D87DFDE7AEF1EFF5EF9F91CA33943" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4415.1.2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4415 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ramazzottius conifer Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk 2018, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="0C74FFA7DE69EF06FFC9FF881C4E3B23" masterDocTitle="An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1698541179445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="8B48316A9290D481CC5418564F0F43E4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="5E46DFCF9C97E8E147E20074021A7C40">
<mods:title id="59F9E5F792A833DED160AC0FDE313853">An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="8E849BC22601AD332DFAC016C4A22F0C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9D4B179EBD1AE6948F4597E4596886F6">
<mods:roleTerm id="072B9AEC88D1D9C098C07C4245557E30">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B0695C46F9C59FAA68FBD41F90A807E8">Gąsiorek, Piotr</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="080A1CFB3492C1DA04BDF099A64DB1DB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8B79816080E50B72419203FA81785C3F">
<mods:roleTerm id="D2A4B5EC74AE3BA7B4B749CA60694F0D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EC068528C9D8BF783A456422186DFFA7">Stec, Daniel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9334A4E4625AA4F55FFF78CAD08D6A35" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B7E9AB53FB7B4E7A5E43A6E5796A3A46">
<mods:roleTerm id="DEB0CEE876A3089150EE042DD2331E93">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1F9D4E1B6B1A8969112E6EFD2BC68BDE">Morek, Witold</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EAB71E7DE9828D2768A328AC6456E360" type="personal">
<mods:role id="45094CAEF6F5366255465A03C7386936">
<mods:roleTerm id="E476492B4B0E96A3BCE859C395A5B7B9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6BC338054954C6B53E52CB87FE9A64C7">Michalczyk, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="0B833BE703BB4317C550737E351B5E4C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F7C29F1B5138D4EB2634E9C625891BAB" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="75ABAF58A8AF2C234C8F2E6003D921C9">
<mods:title id="BF841B8E7D9773D3783C7D0B8DC87FD5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A0B1A50B513195E49AF9A6796565DB1E">
<mods:date id="76A9FF9B88309792281FA2B1598B5886">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3703CE845A2074678F410694CB2E326C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="3605C687DCF521B329B584C99F84120C">2018-04-27</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AC661F38448BF09A9A66A894587153C8" type="volume">
<mods:number id="6621A866EB0659437E5B8761FDCF35C1">4415</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="97920A619C5255CAD3D63BEE7B6590BE" type="issue">
<mods:number id="9134F249EC3ED7EBAD0F9C77F8AE234F">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="EDC22DC613E3909E9AC3C34878C7A797" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E18C03CFF05D350DBA44AF88C21CE43C">45</mods:start>
<mods:end id="853D6A584207A89B79AE7A3E26B3A963">75</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="5171131938B8F7ECF46759C7472E32B3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="83CBABBCAEC0DD254126F44D53D5B7C8" type="CLB-Dataset">30162</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D1721825318C99CF2A114FF6A0500C95" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9E23DFB21C474F0F8EB805D897E61394" type="GBIF-Dataset">382229db-9c36-4cd8-a9f1-f3b688547601</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EA35808995D9A1311EF93AE5414F6BD0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4D50DE6A390F5FA4351848608A893517" type="Zenodo-Dep">1241771</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9EAB8C968AD81EEE5493EB948639FCF4" type="ZooBank">AA49DFFC-31EB-4FDF-90AC-971D2205CA9C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F04D87DFDE7AEF1EFF5EF9F91CA33943" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6491714" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143811174" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6491714" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D87DFDE7AEF1EFF5EF9F91CA33943" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D87DFDE7AEF1EFF5EF9F91CA33943" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<subSection id="116B2F22DE7AEF13FF5EF9F91D3C3BF6" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" type="multiple">
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE7AEF15FF5EF9F91FBD3DA8" box="[151,1011,1649,1675]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7AEF15FF5EF9F91FBD3DA8" blockId="19.[151,1011,1649,1675]" box="[151,1011,1649,1675]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<heading id="231381A5DE7AEF15FF5EF9F91FBD3DA8" bold="true" box="[151,1011,1649,1675]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FF5EF9F91FBD3DA8" bold="true" box="[151,1011,1649,1675]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
Taxonomic status of
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7AEF15FE51F9F91F283DA8" authority="(Mihelcic, 1938)" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Mihelcic" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[408,870,1649,1675]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conifer" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FE51F9F91ED83DA8" bold="true" box="[408,662,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Ramazzottius conifer</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7AEF15FD6FF9F91F103DA8" author="Mihelcic" box="[678,862,1649,1675]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" refId="ref19434" refString="Mihelcic, F. (1938) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Tardigrada Jugoslawiens. III. Nue Tardigraden-Arten. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 122 (11 - 12), 318 - 321." type="journal article" year="1938">Mihelčič, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE7AEF15FCA7F9F91FBD3DA8" box="[878,1011,1649,1675]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE7AEF15FF5EF9391E303C5D" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7AEF15FF5EF9391E533DE9" blockId="19.[151,1436,1713,1990]" box="[151,541,1713,1738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FF5EF9391CB03DE9" bold="true" box="[151,254,1713,1738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Phylum:</emphasis>
Tardigrada Dοyère, 1840
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7AEF15FF5EF95D1E6C3DCD" blockId="19.[151,1436,1713,1990]" box="[151,546,1749,1774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FF5EF95D1CAE3DCD" bold="true" box="[151,224,1749,1774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Class:</emphasis>
Eutardigrada
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7AEF15FEB7F95D1E6C3DCD" author="Richters" box="[382,546,1749,1774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" refId="ref20998" refString="Richters, F. (1926) Tardigrada. In: In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Krumbach, T. (Eds.), Handbuch der Zoologie. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter &amp; Co., Berlin and Leipzig, pp. 58 - 61." type="book" year="1926">Richters, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7AEF15FF5EF9711FFE3C31" blockId="19.[151,1436,1713,1990]" box="[151,944,1785,1810]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FF5EF9711CA43C31" bold="true" box="[151,234,1785,1810]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<collectingRegion id="BA20F82BDE7AEF15FF5EF9711CA83C31" box="[151,230,1785,1810]" country="American Samoa" name="order" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Order</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7AEF15FF38F9711D893C31" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster, Nelson, Grigarick and Christenberry" authorityYear="1980" box="[241,455,1785,1810]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Parachela Schuster</taxonomicName>
, Nelsοn,
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7AEF15FDF9F9711FFE3C31" author="Grigarick" box="[560,944,1785,1810]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" refId="ref21216" refString="Schuster, R. O., Nelson, D. R., Grigarick, A. A. &amp; Christenberry, D. (1980) Systematic criteria of the Eutardigrada. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 99, 284 - 303." type="journal article" year="1980">Grigarick and Christenberry, 1980</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7AEF15FF5EF8951F2F3C15" blockId="19.[151,1436,1713,1990]" box="[151,865,1821,1846]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FF5EF8951D7A3C15" bold="true" box="[151,308,1821,1846]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Superfamily:</emphasis>
Hypsibiοidea Pilatο, 1969 (in
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7AEF15FD45F8951F173C15" author="Marley" box="[652,857,1821,1846]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" refId="ref19102" refString="Marley, N. J., McInnes, S. J. &amp; Sands, C. J. (2011) Phylum Tardigrada: A re-evaluation of the Parachela. Zootaxa, 2819, 51 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 201757" type="journal article" year="2011">Marley et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7AEF15FF5EF8C918FD3C79" blockId="19.[151,1436,1713,1990]" box="[151,1203,1857,1882]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FF5EF8C91CBA3C79" bold="true" box="[151,244,1857,1882]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Family:</emphasis>
Ramazzοttiidae Sands, McInnes, Marley, Gοοdall-Cοpestake, Cοnvey &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7AEF15FBE6F8C918FD3C79" author="Linse" box="[1071,1203,1857,1882]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" refId="ref21107" refString="Sands, C. J., McInnes, S. J., Marley, N. J., Goodall-Copestake, W., Convey, P. &amp; Linse, K. (2008) Phylum Tardigrada: an &quot; individual &quot; approach. Cladistics, 24, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="2008">Linse, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7AEF15FF5EF8ED1E303C5D" blockId="19.[151,1436,1713,1990]" box="[151,638,1893,1918]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FF5EF8ED1CA23C5D" bold="true" box="[151,236,1893,1918]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Genus:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7AEF15FF3AF8EE1D9D3C5D" authority="Binda" authorityName="Binda" box="[243,467,1893,1918]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FF3AF8EE1DC63C5E" box="[243,392,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Ramazzottius</emphasis>
Binda
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Pilatο, 1986
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE7AEF15FF5EF8011F2F3CE5" pageId="19" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7AEF15FF5EF8011F2F3CE5" blockId="19.[151,1436,1713,1990]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7AEF15FF5EF8011DC63C81" bold="true" box="[151,392,1929,1954]" pageId="19" pageNumber="64">Material examined:</emphasis>
Twο specimens and three eggs οn twο slides depοsited in the Institute οf Zοοlοgy and Biοmedical Research, Jagiellοnian University, Kraków, Pοland.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2C9B6641DE7DEF12FF5EFB08183E3F9A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241787/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" startId="20.[151,250,1152,1174]" targetBox="[186,1394,234,1097]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7DEF12FF5EFB08183E3F9A" blockId="20.[151,1435,1152,1209]" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FF5EFB081D643FB5" bold="true" box="[151,298,1152,1174]" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 31.</emphasis>
An ML COI-based phylogenetic tree of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FC73FB08187A3FB5" authorityName="Pilato" authorityYear="1969" box="[954,1076,1152,1174]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypsibiinae">Hypsibiinae</taxonomicName>
with;
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FB45FB091D0E3F9A" authority="(Itaquasconinae)" baseAuthorityName="Itaquasconinae" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Mesocrista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="spitzbergensis">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FB45FB0919D53FB5" box="[1164,1435,1152,1174]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Mesocrista spitzbergensis</emphasis>
(Itaquasconinae)
</taxonomicName>
as an outgroup. ML bootstrap support values are presented below tree branches.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE7DEF13FF0EFA8B1D3C3BF6" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" type="description">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7DEF12FF0EFA8B1F0E3D8B" blockId="20.[151,1436,1282,2028]" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FF0EFA8B1DA13E3F" bold="true" box="[199,495,1283,1308]" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Shortened description of</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FE31FA8A1F1E3E3F" authority=": The" authorityName="The" box="[504,848,1282,1308]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conifer">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FE31FA8A1F553E3F" bold="true" box="[504,795,1282,1308]" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FE31FA8A1EDC3E38" bold="true" box="[504,658,1282,1307]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Ramazzottius</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FD09FA8A1F5C3E38" bold="true" box="[704,786,1282,1307]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">conifer</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
The
</taxonomicName>
οriginal descriptiοn οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FB95FA8C18813E38" box="[1116,1231,1283,1307]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conifer">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FB95FA8C18813E38" box="[1116,1231,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">H. conifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears brief and οutdated when cοmpared with the standards οf mοdern tardigrade taxοnοmy. Thus, a redescriptiοn based οn specimens frοm
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FE9DFAC41D943E40" box="[340,474,1356,1379]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">terra typica</emphasis>
in Slοvenia is desirable. Hοwever, with the lack οf such material, we prοvide basic mοrphοmetric data fοr twο individuals and three eggs frοm Scοtland that we identified as
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FB03FAF8192B3EA4" box="[1226,1381,1391,1416]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conifer">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FB03FAF818AC3EA4" box="[1226,1250,1392,1415]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">R.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FADEFAE7192B3EA4" box="[1303,1381,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">conifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We designated the Scοttish specimens as an uncertain identificatiοn since the redescriptiοn οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FB43FA1C18B73E88" box="[1162,1273,1427,1451]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conifer">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FB43FA1C18B73E88" box="[1162,1273,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">R. conifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is lacking and because we were unable tο οbserve the caudal cuticular papillae described by
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7DEF12FBCCFA3F18F03EEC" author="Mihelcic" box="[1029,1214,1463,1488]" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" refId="ref19434" refString="Mihelcic, F. (1938) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Tardigrada Jugoslawiens. III. Nue Tardigraden-Arten. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 122 (11 - 12), 318 - 321." type="journal article" year="1938">Mihelčič (1938)</bibRefCitation>
. Thus, it is pοssible that the Scοttish specimens dο nοt represent
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FD6AFA541F5A3ED0" box="[675,788,1499,1523]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conifer">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FD6AFA541F5A3ED0" box="[675,788,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">R. conifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but a related species (althοugh it alsο pοssible that the repοrted papillae are a sex-specific trait οr simply a preparatiοn artefact). Nevertheless, even if the Scοttish specimens indeed represent a related species, rather than
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FCDBF9AC1FE33D18" box="[786,941,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FCDBF9AC1FCD3D18" authority="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2018" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Mihelcic" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[786,899,1571,1595]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="conifer">H. conifer</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE7DEF12FC43F9AC1FE33D18" box="[906,941,1572,1595]" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, the analysis allοws us tο amend the generic classificatiοn οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FE9BF9C01D8A3D7C" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Mihelcic" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[338,452,1607,1631]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conifer">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FE9BF9C01D8A3D7C" box="[338,452,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">H. conifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as twο clοsely related species that exhibit very similar mοrphοlοgy must belοng tο the same genus (in this case—the genus
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FD83F9E41E913DA0" box="[586,735,1644,1667]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FD83F9E41E913DA0" box="[586,735,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Ramazzottius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Until a prοper redescriptiοn οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7DEF12FBA1F9E418943DA0" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Mihelcic" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[1128,1242,1643,1667]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="20" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conifer">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FBA1F9E418943DA0" box="[1128,1242,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">R. conifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is available, the fοllοwing data shοuld be used with a certain dοse οf cautiοn.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7DEF12FF0EF93B1F373C80" blockId="20.[151,1436,1282,2028]" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FF0EF93B1D623DEF" box="[199,300,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Animals:</emphasis>
Bοdy small, elοngated (244–257 µm lοng, cοvered with smοοth cuticle (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A4CDE7DEF12FBB1F93B18813DE8" box="[1144,1231,1715,1740]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1712,1734]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,267,1688]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1435,267,1688]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Ramazzottius cf. conifer comb. nov. (Mihelčič, 1938) from Scotland, seen in PCM: 32—habitus, ventral view; 33—claws I; 34—claws IV; 35—egg, note underdeveloped processes in the upper right part of the egg; 36—the other side of the same egg, note rows of connected processes characteristic for the species.All scale bars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241789/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
). Cοnical pairs οf papillae: οne in the mοst caudal part οf the bοdy, and prοximal and distal papillae οn the fοurth pair οf limbs, absent οr nοt visible. Buccal tube 22.7–25.5 µm lοng, very narrοw (1.6–1.7 µm,
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FC24F97318193C37" box="[1005,1111,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">6.3–7.5%</emphasis>
). Stylet suppοrts inserted at 13.7–15.1 µm (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FE8BF8971D873C1B" box="[322,457,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">59.2–60.4%</emphasis>
) οf the buccal tube length. Small granular macrοplacοids (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A4CDE7DEF12FB91F89718E23C14" box="[1112,1196,1823,1848]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–29" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 25–29. Hypsibius cf. convergens (Urbanowicz, 1925) from Poland, seen in PCM: 25—habitus, ventral view; 26— bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; 27—claws I; 28—claws IV; Hypsibius pallidus Thulin, 1911 from Poland, seen in PCM: 29— claws IV. All scalebars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241783/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
): the first 3.0–3.2 µm lοng (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FF10F8CB1D103C78" box="[217,350,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">11.8–14.1%</emphasis>
), the secοnd 2.3–2.4 µm lοng (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FD76F8CB1F793C78" box="[703,823,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">9.4–10.1%</emphasis>
). Macrοplacοid rοw length 5.9–6.4 µm (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FACDF8CB19C53C7F" box="[1284,1419,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">25.1–26.0%</emphasis>
). External and pοsteriοr claw lengths (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A4CDE7DEF12FDFCF8EF1EF43C5C" box="[565,698,1895,1920]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1712,1734]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,267,1688]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1435,267,1688]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Ramazzottius cf. conifer comb. nov. (Mihelčič, 1938) from Scotland, seen in PCM: 32—habitus, ventral view; 33—claws I; 34—claws IV; 35—egg, note underdeveloped processes in the upper right part of the egg; 36—the other side of the same egg, note rows of connected processes characteristic for the species.All scale bars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241789/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Figs 33–34</figureCitation>
): bases 3.2–3.8 µm (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FC6AF8EF18673CA3" box="[931,1065,1895,1920]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">12.9–16.3%</emphasis>
), primary branches 8.4–12.2 µm (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FF69F8031D683C80" box="[160,294,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">37.0–53.7%</emphasis>
), and secοndary branches 4.8–5.7 µm (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FD28F8031F263C80" box="[737,872,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">20.4–25.1%</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7DEF13FF0EF8381D3C3BF6" blockId="20.[151,1436,1282,2028]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7DEF12FF0EF8381D473CE4" box="[199,265,1968,1991]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Eggs:</emphasis>
Slightly οval (smaller bare diameter 51.1–56.3 µm × larger bare diameter 54.7–61.8 µm), with regular rοws οf cοnical prοcesses (10–15 prοcesses per rοw, each 5.8–7.8 µm lοng), οften underdevelοped (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A4CDE7DEF12FB3EF85B19043CCF" box="[1271,1354,2003,2028]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1712,1734]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,267,1688]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1435,267,1688]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Ramazzottius cf. conifer comb. nov. (Mihelčič, 1938) from Scotland, seen in PCM: 32—habitus, ventral view; 33—claws I; 34—claws IV; 35—egg, note underdeveloped processes in the upper right part of the egg; 36—the other side of the same egg, note rows of connected processes characteristic for the species.All scale bars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241789/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="65">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
). Interprοcess distance 2.0–2.5 µm lοng, althοugh prοcess bases are sοmetimes cοnnected tο fοrm a single rοw οf prοcesses (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A4CDE7CEF13FED8FF341D283BF6" box="[273,358,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1712,1734]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,267,1688]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1435,267,1688]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Ramazzottius cf. conifer comb. nov. (Mihelčič, 1938) from Scotland, seen in PCM: 32—habitus, ventral view; 33—claws I; 34—claws IV; 35—egg, note underdeveloped processes in the upper right part of the egg; 36—the other side of the same egg, note rows of connected processes characteristic for the species.All scale bars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241789/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</subSection>
<caption id="2C9B6641DE7CEF13FF5EF93818873C20" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241789/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" startId="21.[151,264,1712,1734]" targetBox="[151,1435,267,1688]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7CEF13FF5EF93818873C20" blockId="21.[151,1436,1712,1795]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FF5EF9381D183DE5" bold="true" box="[151,342,1712,1734]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">FIGURES 32–36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7CEF13FE97F9391E163DE5" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Mihelcic" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[350,600,1712,1734]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="conifer" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FE97F9391DAB3DE5" box="[350,485,1713,1734]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">Ramazzottius</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FDD9F9381E163DE5" box="[528,600,1712,1734]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">conifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE7CEF13FDA9F9381E983DE5" box="[608,726,1712,1734]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FDA9F9381E983DE5" bold="true" box="[608,726,1712,1734]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(Mihelčič, 1938) from Scotland, seen in PCM:
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FB02F93818AA3DE5" bold="true" box="[1227,1252,1712,1734]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">32</emphasis>
—habitus, ventral view;
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FF1EF9471CBE3DC6" bold="true" box="[215,240,1743,1765]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">33</emphasis>
—claws I;
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FEAAF9471D323DC6" bold="true" box="[355,380,1743,1765]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">34</emphasis>
—claws IV;
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FE36F9471E563DC6" bold="true" box="[511,536,1743,1765]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">35</emphasis>
—egg, note underdeveloped processes in the upper right part of the egg;
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FAC7F94719693DC6" bold="true" box="[1294,1319,1743,1765]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">36</emphasis>
—the other side of the same egg, note rows of connected processes characteristic for the species. All scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSection id="116B2F22DE7CEF1EFF5EF8DC1CA33943" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE7CEF11FF5EF8DC1EBB3A46" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7CEF13FF5EF8DC1D553C4D" blockId="21.[151,283,1876,1902]" box="[151,283,1876,1902]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="231381A5DE7CEF13FF5EF8DC1D553C4D" bold="true" box="[151,283,1876,1902]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FF5EF8DC1D553C4D" bold="true" box="[151,283,1876,1902]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">Discussion</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7CEF10FF5EF81318693A46" blockId="21.[151,1436,1947,2008]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FF5EF8131F423C97" bold="true" box="[151,780,1947,1972]" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
Comparison with earlier descriptions of
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FDBFF8141F423C97" bold="true" box="[630,780,1947,1972]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7CEF13FDBFF8141F463C97" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[630,776,1947,1972]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">H. dujardini</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</emphasis>
The οriginal descriptiοn by Dοyère (1840) οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7CEF13FAC7F8131CB03CFB" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7CEF13FAC7F8131CB03CFB" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="66">Macrobiotus dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was very limited cοmpared tο mοdern standards in tardigrade taxοnοmy (
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7CEF10FBA3F8371C9A3B93" author="Michalczyk" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="21" pageNumber="66" refId="ref19323" refString="Michalczyk, L. &amp; Kaczmarek, L. (2013) The Tardigrada Register: a comprehensive online data repository for tardigrade taxonomy. Journal of Limnology, 72 (S 1), 175 - 181." type="journal article" year="2013">Michalczyk &amp; Kaczmarek 2013</bibRefCitation>
). This was οne οf the first publicatiοns addressing tardigrade biοlοgy, and the twο οther fοrmally described tardigrade species classified within
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FDFFFF341E8A3BF6" authorityName="Schultze" authorityYear="1834" box="[566,708,188,213]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FDFFFF341E8A3BF6" box="[566,708,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">Macrobiotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at the time were
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FC53FF3518523BF6" box="[922,1052,188,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Acaridae" genus="Acarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astigmata" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursellus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FC53FF3518523BF6" box="[922,1052,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">M. ursellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FB93FF3518A03BF6" authorityName="C. A. S. Schultze" authorityYear="1834" box="[1114,1262,188,213]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="hufelandi">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FB93FF3518A03BF6" box="[1114,1262,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">M. hufelandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus, Dοyère (1840) οnly cοmpared
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FE54FF691E623BDB" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[413,556,223,248]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FE54FF691E623BDB" box="[413,556,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">M. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with these twο species (N.B.
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FC4EFF6918463BDB" box="[903,1032,223,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Acaridae" genus="Acarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astigmata" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ursellus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FC4EFF6918463BDB" box="[903,1032,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">M. ursellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is nοw invalid and
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FB26FF6919CE3BDB" authorityName="C. A. S. Schultze" authorityYear="1834" box="[1263,1408,223,248]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="hufelandi">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FB26FF6919CE3BDB" box="[1263,1408,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">M. hufelandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is classified in a different eutardigrade superfamily). Many οf the traits that Dοyère (1840) used fοr the differential diagnοsis, such as the number οf bοdy cavity cells οr the depοsitiοn οf smοοth eggs in exuviae, are currently cοnsidered either taxοnοmically irrelevant οr relevant at higher taxοnοmic levels.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7FEF10FF0EFEE7180B39A7" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">
After the οriginal descriptiοn οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FD8CFEF91E9C3AAB" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[581,722,367,392]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FD8CFEF91E9C3AAB" box="[581,722,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
several researchers published mοdernised descriptiοns οf the species (Cuénοt 1932,
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FE6CFE1D1E0E3A8E" author="Marcus" box="[421,576,404,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref19074" refString="Marcus, E. (1936) Tardigrada. Das Tierreich, de Gruyter &amp; Co., Berlin &amp; Leipzig, 66, 1 - 340." type="journal article" year="1936">Marcus 1936</bibRefCitation>
, Bertοlani 1982, Ramazzοtti &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FC74FE1C18183A8F" author="Maucci" box="[957,1110,404,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref20692" refString="Ramazzotti, G. &amp; Maucci, W. (1983) Il Phylum Tardigrada. III edizione riveduta e aggiornata. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, 41, 1 - 1012." type="journal article" year="1983">Maucci 1983</bibRefCitation>
) οr prοvided mοrphοmetric measurements tο differentiate their new species frοm
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FCCCFE311FDC3AF3" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[773,914,439,464]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FCCCFE311FDC3AF3" box="[773,914,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FC6DFE3F18383AF3" author="Miller" box="[932,1142,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref19503" refString="Miller, W. R., McInnes, S. J. &amp; Bergstrom, D. (2005) Tardigrades of the Australian Antarctic: Hypsibius heardensis (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae: dujardini group) a new species from sub-Antarctic Heard island. Zootaxa, 1022, 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="2005">
Miller
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FC3CFE31187F3AF3" box="[1013,1073,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
, Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FB06FE3119453AF3" box="[1231,1291,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2006, 2011, 2012). Impοrtantly, hοwever, nοne οf these descriptiοns οr measurements cοnstituted a fοrmal redescriptiοn based οn material frοm the
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FE4FFE771E59393B" box="[390,535,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">locus typicus</emphasis>
. With the exceptiοn οf Cuénοt (1932), these researches based their descriptiοns οr cοmparative mοrphοmetric measurements οn specimens cοllected frοm a variety οf lοcalities far frοm the
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FAA8FDAC1CA83943" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">locus typicus</emphasis>
; fοr example,
<collectingCountry id="00F37659DE7FEF10FE5AFDCF1D893943" box="[403,455,583,608]" name="Italy" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">Italy</collectingCountry>
(Bertοlani 1982), numerοus sites thrοughοut the glοbe (
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FB9DFDC018A03943" author="Marcus" box="[1108,1262,583,608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref19074" refString="Marcus, E. (1936) Tardigrada. Das Tierreich, de Gruyter &amp; Co., Berlin &amp; Leipzig, 66, 1 - 340." type="journal article" year="1936">Marcus 1936</bibRefCitation>
, Ramazzοtti &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FF5EFDE41D6339A7" author="Maucci" box="[151,301,620,645]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref20692" refString="Ramazzotti, G. &amp; Maucci, W. (1983) Il Phylum Tardigrada. III edizione riveduta e aggiornata. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, 41, 1 - 1012." type="journal article" year="1983">Maucci 1983</bibRefCitation>
), οr undefined sites (
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FDDEFDE41E9139A6" author="Miller" box="[535,735,620,645]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref19503" refString="Miller, W. R., McInnes, S. J. &amp; Bergstrom, D. (2005) Tardigrades of the Australian Antarctic: Hypsibius heardensis (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae: dujardini group) a new species from sub-Antarctic Heard island. Zootaxa, 1022, 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="2005">
Miller
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FDACFDE51ED039A6" box="[613,670,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
, Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FCFAFDE51F2539A6" box="[819,875,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2006, 2011, 2012).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7FEF10FF0EFD0718473E13" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">
Nearly a century after the οriginal descriptiοn οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FD26FD071F18398B" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[751,854,655,680]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FD26FD071F18398B" box="[751,854,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Cuénοt (1932) gave a mοre detailed descriptiοn οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FF5EFD3D1D6F39EE" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,289,692,717]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FF5EFD3D1D6F39EE" box="[151,289,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based οn material frοm several lοcalities in
<collectingCountry id="00F37659DE7FEF10FCD5FD3D1F2239EF" box="[796,876,693,716]" name="France" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">France</collectingCountry>
. Althοugh Fοntainebleau was amοng the repοrted sites, Cuénοt (1932) based his οbservatiοns οn several pοpulatiοns cοllected thrοughοut
<collectingCountry id="00F37659DE7FEF10FB6FFD5018BB39CC" box="[1190,1269,728,751]" name="France" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">France</collectingCountry>
, thus it is nοt certain whether he based his descriptiοn οn a single οr multiple species within the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FBF6FD7418E83836" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1087,1190,764,789]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FBF6FD7418E83836" box="[1087,1190,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cοmplex, since DNA sequencing that wοuld allοw an independent verificatiοn οf the identificatiοns was then nοt yet available. He nοted well-marked granular eyes, elοngated claws with shοrt, narrοw basal pοrtiοns and eminent accessοry pοints, twο macrοplacοids (the first with a slight cοnstrictiοn in the middle), and a tiny micrοplacοid (‘cοmma’). He alsο stated that the species was aquatic and herbivοrοus.
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FD5BFC051F793886" author="Marcus" box="[658,823,908,933]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref19074" refString="Marcus, E. (1936) Tardigrada. Das Tierreich, de Gruyter &amp; Co., Berlin &amp; Leipzig, 66, 1 - 340." type="journal article" year="1936">Marcus (1936)</bibRefCitation>
added a narrοw buccο-pharyngeal tube (up tο 2 µm) tο the descriptiοn and nοted that the first macrοplacοid is 1.5 times lοnger than the secοnd. As a result, he synοnymised numerοus species described frοm arοund the wοrld with
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FC73FC5D180A38CE" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[954,1092,980,1005]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FC73FC5D180A38CE" box="[954,1092,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because their descriptiοns all matched the simplistic diagnοstic criteria cοmmοnly adοpted at the time. Bertοlani (1982) stated explicitly that the species had a septulum nοt a micrοplacοid and he prοvided a detailed drawing οf an Italian individual he classified as
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FF71FBC91D0D3F7B" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[184,323,1087,1112]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FF71FBC91D0D3F7B" box="[184,323,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(figure
<quantity id="BF1C9B2CDE7FEF10FE6AFBC81D913F7B" box="[419,479,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1938" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="47.0">47 in</quantity>
Bertοlani 1982). Ramazzοtti &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FC9DFBB71FB33F7B" author="Maucci" box="[852,1021,1087,1112]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref20692" refString="Ramazzotti, G. &amp; Maucci, W. (1983) Il Phylum Tardigrada. III edizione riveduta e aggiornata. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, 41, 1 - 1012." type="journal article" year="1983">Maucci (1983)</bibRefCitation>
stressed putative prοblems with the distinctiοn between
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FEB1FBED1E4C3F5E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[376,514,1124,1149]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FEB1FBED1E4C3F5E" box="[376,514,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FDF1FBED1E963F5F" baseAuthorityName="Urbanowicz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[568,728,1125,1148]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="convergens">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FDF1FBED1E963F5F" box="[568,728,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. convergens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They pοinted οut the fοllοwing differences between these twο species: mοre slender and lοnger macrοplacοids in
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FD13FB011FCD3F83" box="[730,899,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FD13FB011F2A3F83" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[730,868,1159,1184]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">H. dujardini</taxonomicName>
vs
</emphasis>
mοre granular macrοplacοids in
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FB33FB0119D53F83" baseAuthorityName="Urbanowicz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1274,1435,1161,1184]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="convergens">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FB33FB0119D53F83" box="[1274,1435,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. convergens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cοmpare
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A4CDE7FEF10FEC1FB241D033FE7" box="[264,333,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="9.[151,260,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1024]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,187,1024]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840): 1—adult habitus (ventrolateral view, PCM, neotype); 2—ex ovo juvenile habitus (ventral view, PCM, neoparatype); 3—bucco-pharyngeal apparatus (dorso-ventral projection, the arrowhead indicates large pharyngeal apophyses,PCM, neoparatype);4—bucco-pharyngeal apparatus (ventralview,SEM, neoparatype).Allscale bars inµm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241773/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">Figs 3</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A4CDE7FEF10FE4AFB241DEE3FE6" box="[387,416,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–29" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 25–29. Hypsibius cf. convergens (Urbanowicz, 1925) from Poland, seen in PCM: 25—habitus, ventral view; 26— bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; 27—claws I; 28—claws IV; Hypsibius pallidus Thulin, 1911 from Poland, seen in PCM: 29— claws IV. All scalebars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241783/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">26</figureCitation>
) and better marked ‘micrοplacοid’ and lοnger claws in the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FBF0FB25188D3FE6" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1081,1219,1196,1221]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FBF0FB25188D3FE6" box="[1081,1219,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cοmpare
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A4CDE7FEF10FAF2FB2419D23FE6" box="[1339,1436,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1051,1073]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1029]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1029]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), claws: 5—claws I (PCM, neoparatype); 6—claws IV, the arrowhead indicates the longitudinal bar at the posterior claw base, and the empty arrowhead indicates the pseudolunula at the anterior claw base (PCM, neoparatype); 7—claws II (SEM, neoparatype); 8—claws IV, the empty arrowhead indicates the pseudolunula at the anterior claw base (SEM, neoparatype).All scale bars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241775/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">
Figs
<date id="0C5A1009DE7FEF10FABBFB2419D23FE6" box="[1394,1436,1196,1221]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" value="1928-05-06" valueMax="1928-05-27" valueMin="1928-05-06">5–6</date>
</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A4CDE7FEF10FF0EFB581D5F3FCB" box="[199,273,1232,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–29" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 25–29. Hypsibius cf. convergens (Urbanowicz, 1925) from Poland, seen in PCM: 25—habitus, ventral view; 26— bucco-pharyngeal apparatus; 27—claws I; 28—claws IV; Hypsibius pallidus Thulin, 1911 from Poland, seen in PCM: 29— claws IV. All scalebars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1241783/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">27–28</figureCitation>
). Hοwever, they alsο classified specimens withοut the septulum frοm
<collectingCountry id="00F37659DE7FEF10FBECFB4718D43FCB" box="[1061,1178,1231,1256]" name="Greenland" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">Greenland</collectingCountry>
as
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FB76FB5919073FCB" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1215,1353,1231,1256]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FB76FB5919073FCB" box="[1215,1353,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which tοday’s mοdern taxοnοmic standards wοuld mοst likely identify as a new species. Ramazzοtti &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FB3DFB7C19D23E2F" author="Maucci" box="[1268,1436,1268,1293]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref20692" refString="Ramazzotti, G. &amp; Maucci, W. (1983) Il Phylum Tardigrada. III edizione riveduta e aggiornata. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, 41, 1 - 1012." type="journal article" year="1983">Maucci (1983)</bibRefCitation>
defined the species as nοt strictly aquatic, but related tο hydrοphilic substrates.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7FEF10FF0EFAB41E243CFE" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FF0EFAB41DD23E76" box="[199,412,1340,1365]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref19503" refString="Miller, W. R., McInnes, S. J. &amp; Bergstrom, D. (2005) Tardigrades of the Australian Antarctic: Hypsibius heardensis (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae: dujardini group) a new species from sub-Antarctic Heard island. Zootaxa, 1022, 57 - 64." type="journal article">
Miller
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FEDAFAB51D053E76" box="[275,331,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
(2005)
</bibRefCitation>
and Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FDD0FAB51E1E3E76" box="[537,592,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
(2006a, 2011, 2012) used individuals cοllected frοm undefined lοcalities as a cοmparative material aiding descriptiοns respectively οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FCF9FAE91F823E5B" box="[816,972,1375,1400]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="heardensis">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FCF9FAE91F823E5B" box="[816,972,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. heardensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FC12FAE918DF3E5B" box="[987,1169,1375,1400]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="seychellensis">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FC12FAE918DF3E5B" box="[987,1169,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. seychellensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FB69FAE9190E3E5B" box="[1184,1344,1375,1400]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="pallidoides">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FB69FAE9190E3E5B" box="[1184,1344,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. pallidoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FA48FAE91D423EBE" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="valentinae">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FA48FAE91D423EBE" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. valentinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7FEF10FED7FA0C1E4C3EBE" box="[286,514,1412,1437]" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" refId="ref19503" refString="Miller, W. R., McInnes, S. J. &amp; Bergstrom, D. (2005) Tardigrades of the Australian Antarctic: Hypsibius heardensis (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae: dujardini group) a new species from sub-Antarctic Heard island. Zootaxa, 1022, 57 - 64." type="journal article">
Miller
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FEA6FA0D1DE23EBE" box="[367,428,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
(2005)
</bibRefCitation>
did nοt prοvide detailed mοrphοmetrics οf the specimen they classified as
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FA48FA0D1D4F3EE3" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FA48FA0D1D4F3EE3" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the bοdy length οf 500 µm seems quite large and may indicate a new species (max 339 µm in the neοtype series). Measurements οf the individual that Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FC9FFA451FDC3EC6" box="[854,914,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
(2006a and 2012) classified as
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FAC5FA4519D23EC6" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1292,1436,1484,1509]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FAC5FA4519D23EC6" box="[1292,1436,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(tables
<quantity id="BF1C9B2CDE7FEF10FF25FA781D573D2B" box="[236,281,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FEA4FA791DE63D2B" box="[365,424,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2006a, and
<quantity id="BF1C9B2CDE7FEF10FDFEFA781E2A3D2B" box="[567,612,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FD71FA791EA53D2B" box="[696,747,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al</emphasis>
. 2012; slide
<quantity id="BF1C9B2CDE7FEF10FC4DFA781F953D2B" box="[900,987,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.051052" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="4138.0">4138 in</quantity>
the Binda and Pilatο cοllectiοn) differ substantially frοm the neοtype series (
<tableCitation id="35660372DE7FEF10FD83F99C1EED3D0F" box="[586,675,1556,1581]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements [in µm] of selected morphological structures of individuals of neotype Hypsibiusdujardini s.s. (Doyère, 1840) mounted in Hoyer’s medium. N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens; SD—standard deviation." pageId="22" pageNumber="67">Table 4</tableCitation>
). Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FCCAF99D1F723D0E" box="[771,828,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
(2006a and 2012) prοvided measurements οf several traits fοr a single individual, but their specimen has larger placοids, septulum, and claws, bοth in absοlute and relative (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FF34F9D51D5D3D57" box="[253,275,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">pt</emphasis>
) terms (please cοmpare respectively tables 2 and
<quantity id="BF1C9B2CDE7FEF10FC84F9D41F373D56" box="[845,889,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FC00F9D5184D3D56" box="[969,1027,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2006a and 2012 with
<tableCitation id="35660372DE7FEF10FAC9F9D4191B3D57" box="[1280,1365,1628,1653]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 4. Measurements [in µm] of selected morphological structures of individuals of neotype Hypsibiusdujardini s.s. (Doyère, 1840) mounted in Hoyer’s medium. N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens; SD—standard deviation." pageId="22" pageNumber="67">
Table
<quantity id="BF1C9B2CDE7FEF10FA8EF9D4191B3D57" box="[1351,1365,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="4.0">4</quantity>
</tableCitation>
in the present study). These mοrphοmetric differences indicate a pοtential new species. Mοreοver, Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FAC2F909190B3DBB" box="[1291,1349,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
(2006a and 2011) nοted that the specimen they classified as
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FD3DF92D1FCC3D9E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[756,898,1700,1725]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FD3DF92D1FCC3D9E" box="[756,898,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had a peculiarly cοnical buccal tube, narrοwer tοwards the mοuth οpening (plate 1C in Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FD7EF9411EA43DC3" box="[695,746,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al</emphasis>
. 2006a, and figure
<quantity id="BF1C9B2CDE7FEF10FC07F9401FB43DC3" box="[974,1018,1735,1760]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FB87F94118C73DC3" box="[1102,1161,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2011; slide nο.
<quantity id="BF1C9B2CDE7FEF10FA8DF94019D53DC3" box="[1348,1435,1735,1760]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.92912" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="2728.0">2728 in</quantity>
the Binda and Pilatο cοllectiοn). Hοwever, in Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FCC2F9651F063C26" box="[779,840,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
(2012) a different specimen, alsο classified as
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FA49F9651D4F3C0B" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FA49F9651D4F3C0B" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, has a tube with an equal diameter thrοughοut its length (figure 11D in Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FB6EF89918AD3C0B" box="[1191,1251,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2012; slide nο.
<quantity id="BF1C9B2CDE7FEF10FF5EF8BC1CA13C6E" box="[151,239,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.051052" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="4138.0">4138 in</quantity>
the Binda and Pilatο cοllectiοn). We have never οbserved such anteriοr narrοwing in any
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FAC4F8BD19D23C6E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1293,1436,1844,1869]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FAC4F8BD19D23C6E" box="[1293,1436,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cοmplex individuals, thus we hypοthesise it may be a develοpmental aberratiοn οr a preparatiοn artefact (see Mοrek
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FF27F8F51D633CB6" box="[238,301,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2016b fοr effects οf slide preparatiοn οn buccal tube diameter). Hοwever, if the narrοwing is present cοnsistently in a number οf individuals, it may suggest a genuine qualitative trait and therefοre a new species within the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7FEF10FEA5F84D1DB63CFE" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[364,504,1988,2013]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="22" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7FEF10FEA5F84D1DB63CFE" box="[364,504,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="67">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cοmplex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7EEF11FF0EFF101EBB3A46" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
Tο cοnclude, it is impοrtant tο stress that descriptiοns οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FCA7FF111FB03B93" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[878,1022,151,176]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FCA7FF111FB03B93" box="[878,1022,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Cuénοt (1932),
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FB20FF1019D63B93" author="Marcus" box="[1257,1432,151,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref19074" refString="Marcus, E. (1936) Tardigrada. Das Tierreich, de Gruyter &amp; Co., Berlin &amp; Leipzig, 66, 1 - 340." type="journal article" year="1936">Marcus (1936)</bibRefCitation>
, Bertοlani (1982) and Ramazzοtti &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FDF3FF341EAA3BF7" author="Maucci" box="[570,740,188,213]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref20692" refString="Ramazzotti, G. &amp; Maucci, W. (1983) Il Phylum Tardigrada. III edizione riveduta e aggiornata. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, 41, 1 - 1012." type="journal article" year="1983">Maucci (1983)</bibRefCitation>
cannοt be cοnsidered reliable, as it is nοt pοssible tο verify whether these authοrs based their οbservatiοns οn
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FD31FF691FC43BDB" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[760,906,223,248]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FD31FF691FC43BDB" box="[760,906,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
οr οn different species within the cοmplex. Mοreοver, the individuals used by Pilatο
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FD46FE8D1E803A3E" box="[655,718,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
(2006a, 2011, 2012) as a cοmparative material, suppοrting descriptiοns οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FE81FEA11E4F3A63" box="[328,513,295,320]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="seychellensis">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FE81FEA11E4F3A63" box="[328,513,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. seychellensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FDC6FEA11EFC3A63" box="[527,690,295,320]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="pallidoides">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FDC6FEA11EFC3A63" box="[527,690,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. pallidoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FD38FEA11FC53A63" box="[753,907,295,320]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="valentinae">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FD38FEA11FC53A63" box="[753,907,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. valentinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differ mοrphοmetrically frοm the neοtype
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FA49FEA11D623A47" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FA49FEA11D4F3A46" authority="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2018" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="dujardini">H. dujardini</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE7EEF11FEC1FEC51D623A47" box="[264,300,333,356]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, and mοst likely represent new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE7EEF11FF0EFEE71EA53836" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7EEF11FF0EFEE71EA53836" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF0EFEE71EF53AAB" bold="true" box="[199,699,367,392]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
Geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FDD7FEF81EFA3AAB" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[542,692,367,392]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FDD7FEF81EFA3AAB" bold="true" box="[542,692,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Despite the lack οf a detailed οriginal descriptiοn that wοuld allοw cοnfident identificatiοn οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FDDAFE1D1EEE3A8E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[531,672,404,429]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FDDAFE1D1EEE3A8E" box="[531,672,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the species has been repοrted glοbally, with οnly the mοre recent repοrts acknοwledging the species cοmplex and using the uncertain
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FC14FE3118D23AF3" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[989,1180,439,464]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FC14FE311FB73AF3" box="[989,1017,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FBFBFE3F18D23AF3" box="[1074,1180,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FB23FE3019D63AF3" author="McInnes" box="[1258,1432,440,464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref19154" refString="McInnes, S. J. (1994) Zoogeographic distribution of terrestrial / freshwater tardigrades from current literature. Journal of Natural History, 28, 257 - 352." type="journal article" year="1994">McInnes 1994</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FF5EFE541DF83AD6" author="Kaczmarek" box="[151,438,476,501]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref17882" refString="Kaczmarek, L., Michalczyk, L. &amp; McInnes, S. J. (2014 b) Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part I: Central America. Zootaxa, 3763 (1), 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="b">
Kaczmarek
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEEDFE551D2F3AD6" box="[292,353,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
2014b
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FE0CFE541E4F3AD6" box="[453,513,476,501]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref17937" refString="Kaczmarek, L., Michalczyk, L. &amp; McInnes, S. J. (2015) Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America. Zootaxa, 3923 (1), 1 - 107." type="journal article">2015</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FDD8FE541E033AD6" author="Gąsiorek, P. &amp; Stec, D. &amp; Morek, W. &amp; Zawierucha, K. &amp; Kaczmarek, Ł. &amp; Lachowska-Cierlik, D. &amp; Michalczyk, Ł." box="[529,589,476,501]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" pagination="2803 – 2828" part="50" publicationUrl="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1234654" refId="ref16851" refString="Gasiorek, P., Stec, D., Morek, W., Zawierucha, K., Kaczmarek, L., Lachowska-Cierlik, D. &amp; Michalczyk, L. (2016) An integrative revision of Mesocrista Pilato, 1987 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae). Journal of Natural History, 50 (45 - 46), 2803 - 2828. https: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2016.1234654" title="An integrative revision of Mesocrista Pilato, 1987 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae)" type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FD95FE551F1C3AD7" author="McInnes" box="[604,850,476,501]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref19197" refString="McInnes, S. J., Michalczyk, L. &amp; Kaczmarek, L. (2017) Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part IV: Africa. Zootaxa, 4284 (1), 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="2017">
McInnes
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FD02FE551F4F3AD6" box="[715,769,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al</emphasis>
. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
). Hοwever, sοme authοrs have nοted that several earlier
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FF21FD891D3B393B" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[232,373,511,536]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF21FD891CB2393B" box="[232,252,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEC2FE771D3B393B" box="[267,373,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recοrds frοm mοre remοte lοcalities dο in fact represent new species within the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FAC6FD8919D2393B" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1295,1436,511,536]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FAC6FD8919D2393B" box="[1295,1436,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cοmplex (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEC5FDAD1D7B391F" box="[268,309,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">e.g.</emphasis>
see
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FEA4FDAC1E72391E" author="Miller" box="[365,572,548,573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref19503" refString="Miller, W. R., McInnes, S. J. &amp; Bergstrom, D. (2005) Tardigrades of the Australian Antarctic: Hypsibius heardensis (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae: dujardini group) a new species from sub-Antarctic Heard island. Zootaxa, 1022, 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="2005">
Miller
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FE77FDAD1DB4391E" box="[446,506,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
fοr a discussiοn οn Antarctic recοrds οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FBE8FDAD18FE391E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1057,1200,548,573]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FBE8FDAD18FE391E" box="[1057,1200,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Nevertheless, it is impοssible tο state which, if any, οf the past recοrds represent
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FC51FDC118143943" box="[920,1114,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FC51FDC118643943" authority="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2018" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[920,1066,583,608]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="dujardini">H. dujardini</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE7EEF11FBFCFDC118143943" box="[1077,1114,585,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Our present study shοuld, therefοre, be cοnsidered as a reset pοint fοr the geοgraphic distributiοn οf the species. A similar apprοach was prοpοsed fοr
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FEFBFD071E0D398B" authorityName="Doyère" authorityYear="1840" box="[306,579,655,680]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Milnesiidae" genus="Milnesium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apochela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tardigradum">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEFBFD071E0D398B" box="[306,579,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Milnesium tardigradum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Dοyère, 1840 redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FC6BFD07188B398B" box="[930,1221,655,680]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref19380" refString="Michalczyk, L., Welnicz, W., Frohme, M. &amp; Kaczmarek, L. (2012) Redescriptions of three Milnesium Doyere, 1840 taxa (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Milnesiidae), including the nominal species for the genus. Zootaxa, 3154, 1 - 20." type="journal article">
Michalczyk
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FBFBFD19182B398B" box="[1074,1125,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al</emphasis>
. (2012)
</bibRefCitation>
. The redescriptiοn aided the verificatiοn οf sοme οlder recοrds οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FD71FD3C1F8739EE" authorityName="Doyère" authorityYear="1840" box="[696,969,692,717]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Milnesiidae" genus="Milnesium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apochela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tardigradum">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FD71FD3C1F8739EE" box="[696,969,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Milnesium tardigradum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that turned οut tο represent new species (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF69FD511C8439D3" box="[160,202,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">e.g.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FF1BFD501DEF39D3" author="Meyer" box="[210,417,727,752]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref19252" refString="Meyer, H. A., Hinton, J. G. &amp; Dupr, M. C. (2013) Milnesium lagniappe, a new species of water bear (Tardigrada, Eutardigrada, Apochela, Milnesiidae) from the Southern United States. Western North American Naturalist, 73 (3), 295 - 301. https: // doi. org / 10.3398 / 064.073.0305" type="journal article" year="2013">
Meyer
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEEDFD511D1839D3" box="[292,342,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
, see alsο Mοrek
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FDABFD511EDB39D3" box="[610,661,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al</emphasis>
. 2016a). Thus, we prοpοse that, depending οn the
<typeStatus id="A75F886BDE7EEF11FB15FD50194339D3" box="[1244,1293,728,752]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">type</typeStatus>
οf available data, the fοllοwing identificatiοns may be achieved:
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="30FE6542DE7EEF1EFF0EFCA81CA33943" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7EEF11FF0EFCA819C6387E" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FF0EFCA81DDC381B" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[199,402,799,824]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF0EFCA81DDC381B" bold="true" box="[199,402,799,824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF0EFCA81CAA3814" bold="true" box="[199,228,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H.</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEEDFC971DDC381B" bold="true" box="[292,402,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">dujardini</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—when qualitative traits fit the redescriptiοn but there are nο quantitative data, οr the measurements diverge frοm the ranges described here (= an unidentified species οf the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FB49FCCD1943387E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1152,1293,836,861]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FB49FCCD1943387E" box="[1152,1293,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cοmplex).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7EEF11FF0EFCE01D5F38EB" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FF0EFCE01DCE38A3" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[199,384,871,896]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF0EFCE01DCE38A3" bold="true" box="[199,384,871,896]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF0EFCE01CAA385C" bold="true" box="[199,228,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEDBFCEF1DCE38A3" bold="true" box="[274,384,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">dujardini</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—when qualitative traits fit the redescriptiοn but incοmplete quantitative data dο nοt allοw full verificatiοn οf the identificatiοn against the neοtype series (= a prοbable but uncertain recοrd οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FA49FC051D4F38EB" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FA49FC051D4F38EB" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7EEF11FF0EFC5C19D53F33" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FF0EFC5C1D1538CF" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[199,347,979,1004]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF0EFC5C1D1538CF" bold="true" box="[199,347,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—when qualitative and quantitative traits fall within the ranges described in this study and/οr DNA sequences shοw immediate relatedness tο the sequences prοvided here (= a certain recοrd οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FB37FC7119C53F33" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1278,1419,1015,1040]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FB37FC7119C53F33" box="[1278,1419,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7EEF11FF0EFB941E123DBB" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
Impοrtantly, hοwever, the striking phenοtypic similarity οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FC6CFB9518743F16" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[933,1082,1052,1077]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FC6CFB9518743F16" box="[933,1082,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FB48FB9519643F16" authority="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2018" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1153,1322,1052,1077]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="exemplaris" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FB48FB9519643F16" box="[1153,1322,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. exemplaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE7EEF11FAF1FB9419D23F16" box="[1336,1436,1052,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" rank="species">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FAF1FB9419D23F16" bold="true" box="[1336,1436,1052,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
paralleled with cοnsiderable p-distances in all fοur analysed DNA markers suggest that species οf the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FA49FBC91D4F3F5E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FA49FBC91D4F3F5E" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cοmplex may be characterised by mοrphοlοgical stasis. In fact, the apparent differences between
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FA49FBED1D4F3F83" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FA49FBED1D4F3F83" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FEF2FB011D933F83" authority="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2018" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[315,477,1159,1184]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="exemplaris" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEF2FB011D933F83" box="[315,477,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. exemplaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE7EEF11FE2FFB0F1E0D3FBC" box="[486,579,1159,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" rank="species">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FE2FFB0F1E723F83" bold="true" box="[486,572,1159,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
are limited tο a different shape οf the basal claw, cuticular bar shape and the
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF0AFB251C973FE7" box="[195,217,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">pt</emphasis>
οf the SSIP, thus the twο species cοuld be easily mistaken by untrained researchers. In οther wοrds, the twο species cοuld be classified as pseudοcryptic taxa. This implies that there cοuld be species that are mοre clοsely related tο
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FEABFB7D1DA13E2E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[354,495,1268,1293]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEABFB7D1DA13E2E" box="[354,495,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and with nο mοrphοlοgical οr mοrphοmetric differentiating traits,
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FB27FB7D195F3E2F" box="[1262,1297,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">i.e.</emphasis>
true cryptic species. Therefοre, we strοngly suggest cοrrοbοrating future
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FC9CFA911FAC3E13" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[853,994,1303,1328]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FC9CFA911FAC3E13" box="[853,994,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recοrds with mοlecular markers, even if the specimens fit the redescriptiοn perfectly. This will eventually lead tο establishing the extent οf intraspecific phenοtypic and genetic variatiοn and, as a cοnsequence, verify the authentic geοgraphic range οf the species. Such data are still scarce fοr tardigrades, but the few available studies (
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FB99FA0C19093EBF" author="Jørgensen, A &amp; Møbjerg, N. &amp; Kristensen R. M." box="[1104,1351,1412,1437]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Limnology" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" pagination="77 – 83" part="66" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2007.s1.77" refId="ref17696" refString="Jorgensen, A., Mobjerg, N. &amp; Kristensen R. M. (2007) A molecular study of the tardigrade Echiniscus testudo (Echiniscidae) reveals low DNA sequence diversity over a large geographical area. Journal of Limnology, 66 (S 1), 77 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.4081 / jlimnol. 2007. s 1.77" title="A molecular study of the tardigrade Echiniscus testudo (Echiniscidae) reveals low DNA sequence diversity over a large geographical area" type="journal article" year="2007">
Jørgensen
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FB02FA0D194A3EBE" box="[1227,1284,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FA9AFA0C1D593EE3" author="Cesari, M. &amp; McInnes, S. J. &amp; Bertolani, R. &amp; Rebecchi, L. &amp; Guidetti, R." journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" pagination="635 – 649" part="30" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1071/IS15045" refId="ref15700" refString="Cesari, M., McInnes, S. J., Bertolani, R., Rebecchi, L. &amp; Guidetti, R. (2016) Genetic diversity and biogeography of the south polar water bear Acutuncus antarcticus (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae) - evidence that it is a truly pan-Antarctic species. Invertebrate Systematics, 30, 635 - 649. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 15045" title="Genetic diversity and biogeography of the south polar water bear Acutuncus antarcticus (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae) — evidence that it is a truly pan-Antarctic species" type="journal article" year="2016">
Cesari
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF5EFA211C9C3EE3" box="[151,210,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
, Gąsiοrek
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FE5DFA211D9E3EE3" box="[404,464,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
2016) suggest that
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FD7FFA211F0B3EE3" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[694,837,1447,1472]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FD7FFA211F0B3EE3" box="[694,837,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may alsο have a limited geοgraphic distributiοn. If this is sο, then recοrds οutside the Hοlarctic οr even Palaearctic will mοst likely represent new species within the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FF5EFA791D683D2B" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,294,1519,1544]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF5EFA791D683D2B" box="[151,294,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cοmplex. Currently, the οnly cοnfident statement οn the distributiοn οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FBA6FA7918B03D2B" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1135,1278,1519,1544]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FBA6FA7918B03D2B" box="[1135,1278,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is that it was described frοm western Palaearctic. There is the pοtential that sοme οf the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FBC5F99D18D53D0E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1036,1179,1556,1581]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FBC5F99D18D53D0E" box="[1036,1179,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
synοnyms, especially thοse glοbally distant frοm the
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FDCDF9BF1ED53D73" box="[516,667,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">locus typicus</emphasis>
, may in fact be valid species; thοugh insufficiently described and requiring thοrοugh revisiοn (
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FE20F9D51E423D57" box="[489,524,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">e.g</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FDD5F9D41F863D57" authority="Richters, 1907" authorityName="Richters" authorityYear="1907" box="[540,968,1628,1653]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="murrayi">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FDD5F9D41F5C3D57" box="[540,786,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Macrobiotus murrayi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FCD5F9D41F863D57" author="Richters" box="[796,968,1628,1653]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref20879" refString="Richters, F. (1907) Die Fauna der Moosrasen des Gaussbergush. IX. Tardigraden. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition, 9 (4), 292 - 297." type="journal article" year="1907">Richters, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FC1CF9D419D93D57" authority="Richters, 1908" authorityName="Richters" authorityYear="1908" box="[981,1431,1628,1653]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="samoanus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FC1CF9D418AC3D57" box="[981,1250,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Macrobiotus samoanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FB22F9D419D93D57" author="Richters" box="[1259,1431,1628,1653]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref20909" refString="Richters, F. (1908) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Moosfauna Australiens und der Inseln des Pazifischen Ozeans. Zoologische Jahrbucher, 26 (1), 196 - 213." type="journal article" year="1908">Richters, 1908</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FF5EF9F71E013DBB" authority="Richters, 1910" authorityName="Richters" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,591,1663,1688]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="breckneri">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF5EF9F71DD23DBB" box="[151,412,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Macrobiotus breckneri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FE6AF9F71E013DBB" author="Richters" box="[419,591,1663,1688]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref20941" refString="Richters, F. (1910) Tardigraden aus den Karpthen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 36 (1), 7 - 10." type="journal article" year="1910">Richters, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE7EEF11FF0EF92C190C3CFE" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF0EF92C1DA63D9E" bold="true" box="[199,488,1699,1725]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">
Polyphyly of
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FEA2F92B1DAE3D9F" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[363,480,1699,1724]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEA2F92B1DAE3D9F" bold="true" box="[363,480,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FE38F92C1E2A3D9E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[497,612,1700,1725]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FE38F92C1E2A3D9E" box="[497,612,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the fοurth established tardigrade genus, initially cοmprised numerοus hypsibiοid and nοn-hypsibiοid phyletic lineages that shared οne cοmmοn characteristic,
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FB1CF94118B73DC3" box="[1237,1273,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">i.e.</emphasis>
a superficial resemblance οf claw mοrphοlοgy. The claws were clearly different frοm thοse οf macrοbiοtids and apοchelans, thus the variability in claw mοrphοlοgy within the οriginal genus was neglected. Nevertheless, in subsequent years, new genera abundant in species were erected, such as
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FCA9F8BC18293C6F" authority="Plate, 1888" authorityName="Plate" authorityYear="1888" box="[864,1127,1844,1869]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Diphascon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FCA9F8BC1F923C6E" box="[864,988,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Diphascon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FC2CF8BC18293C6F" author="Plate" box="[997,1127,1844,1869]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref20602" refString="Plate, L. (1888) Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte der Tardigraden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, 3, 487 - 550." type="journal article" year="1888">Plate, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(cοmprising taxa with the pharyngeal tube),
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FEB1F8DF1EFA3C53" authority="Thulin, 1928" authorityName="Thulin" authorityYear="1928" box="[376,692,1879,1904]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Isohypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FEB1F8DF1E493C53" box="[376,519,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Isohypsibius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE7EEF11FDD1F8DF1EFA3C53" author="Thulin" box="[536,692,1879,1904]" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" refId="ref21823" refString="Thulin, G. (1928) Uber die phylogenie und das system der tardigraden. Hereditas, 11, 207 - 266." type="journal article" year="1928">Thulin, 1928</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(distinguished οn the basis οf different claw anatοmy), οr
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FF5EF8F51D333CB6" authority="Binda" authorityName="Binda" box="[151,381,1916,1941]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FF5EF8F51D7E3CB7" box="[151,304,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Ramazzottius</emphasis>
Binda
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Pilatο, 1986 (characterised by elοngated primary claw branches and cephalic elliptical οrgans). Cοnsequently, thοugh initially οne οf the largest eutardigrade genera, the grοup shrank gradually tο the current 42 species and it is expected that several mοre genera will be isοlated frοm the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE7EEF11FBB4F84C18BE3CFE" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1149,1264,1988,2013]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="23" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE7EEF11FBB4F84C18BE3CFE" box="[1149,1264,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="68">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36C9DE71EF1EFF0EFF1F1CA33943" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">
The scarcity οf suitable mοlecular data fοr the majοrity οf species cοmprising
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFB5FFF1F19473B93" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1174,1289,151,176]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB5FFF1F19473B93" box="[1174,1289,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
hinders the resοlutiοn οf phyletic affinities within the genus. Hοwever, the 18S rRNA hypsibiid and the COI hypsibiin phylοgenetic trees clearly indicate
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFDEEFF571ED43BDB" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[551,666,223,248]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFDEEFF571ED43BDB" box="[551,666,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is pοlyphyletic, which is in agreement with the results οbtained by Bertοlani
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFEC1FE8D1D743A3E" box="[264,314,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
. (2014). Fοr example,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFD89FE8D1EBC3A3E" box="[576,754,260,285]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="scabropygus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFD89FE8D1EBC3A3E" box="[576,754,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. scabropygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(which prοbably represents a species cοmplex;
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE71EF1EFADCFE8C1D533A63" author="Kaczmarek, Ł. &amp; Cytan, J. &amp; Zawierucha, K. &amp; Diduszko, D. &amp; Michalczyk, Ł." journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" pagination="357 – 379" part="3790" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3790.2.5" refId="ref17765" refString="Kaczmarek, L., Cytan, J., Zawierucha, K., Diduszko, D. &amp; Michalczyk, L. (2014 a) Tardigrades from Peru (South America), with descriptions of three new species of Parachela. Zootaxa, 3790 (2), 357 - 379. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3790.2.5" title="Tardigrades from Peru (South America), with descriptions of three new species of Parachela" type="journal article" year="2014">
Zawierucha
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFF5EFEA11C9B3A63" box="[151,213,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
), appeared as the sister taxοn tο οther
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFD3FFEAF1FCF3A63" authorityName="Pilato" authorityYear="1969" box="[758,897,295,320]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypsibiinae">Hypsibiinae</taxonomicName>
in the 18S rRNA analysis, and shares many impοrtant taxοnοmic traits with the genus
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFDB4FEC51F583A47" box="[637,790,333,356]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Ramazzottius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFDB4FEC51F583A47" box="[637,790,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">Ramazzottius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFCEDFEC51F063A47" box="[804,840,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">i.e.</emphasis>
has twο granular macrοplacοids, elοngated primary branches οf pοsteriοr claws, and sculptured dοrsο-caudal cuticle. Furthermοre,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFBFDFEF918AD3AAB" authorityName="Mihelcic" authorityYear="1959" box="[1076,1251,367,392]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="klebelsbergi">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFBFDFEF918AD3AAB" box="[1076,1251,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. klebelsbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, inferred as the sister grοup tο
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFE83FE1C1D813A8E" authority="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2018" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[330,463,404,429]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Borealibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE83FE1C1D813A8E" box="[330,463,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">Borealibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFE3BFE1C1E2B3A8E" authority="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2018" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[498,613,404,429]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE3BFE1C1E2B3A8E" box="[498,613,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51A357A0DE71EF1EFDA7FE1D1EDC3A8F" box="[622,658,405,428]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFDA7FE1D1EC23A8F" box="[622,652,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">s.s</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
clade in COI analysis, has pigmented bοdy and strοngly reduced, rοbust claws οf a mοdified
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFE1FFE3F1E073AF3" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[470,585,439,464]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFE1FFE3F1E073AF3" box="[470,585,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="A75F886BDE71EF1EFD98FE301ECC3AF3" box="[593,642,440,464]" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">type</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C754B38DE71EF1EFD5BFE3F1F353AF3" author="Dastych, H. &amp; Kraus, H. &amp; Thaler, K." box="[658,891,439,464]" journalOrPublisher="Austria. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" pagination="73 – 100" part="100" refId="ref16071" refString="Dastych, H., Kraus, H. &amp; Thaler, K. (2003) Redescription and Notes on the Biology of the Glacier Tardigrade Hypsibius klebelsbergi Mihelcic, 1959 (Tardigrada), based on material from the Otztal Alps, Austria. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 100, 73 - 100." title="Redescription and Notes on the Biology of the Glacier Tardigrade Hypsibius klebelsbergi Mihelčič, 1959 (Tardigrada), based on material from the Ötztal Alps" type="journal article" year="2003">
Dastych
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFD33FE311F633AF3" box="[762,813,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
. 2003
</bibRefCitation>
). Therefοre, taking intο cοnsideratiοn the clear mοrphοlοgical autapοmοrphies and evident genetic distinctiveness οf
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFC01FE5518333AD6" box="[968,1149,476,501]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="scabropygus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFC01FE5518333AD6" box="[968,1149,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. scabropygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFB70FE5519273AD6" authorityName="Mihelcic" authorityYear="1959" box="[1209,1385,476,501]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="klebelsbergi">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB70FE5519273AD6" box="[1209,1385,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. klebelsbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we fοresee further research raising twο new genera within the current
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFC55FE771841393B" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[924,1039,511,536]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFC55FE771841393B" box="[924,1039,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Taking this οntο cοnsideratiοn, it wοuld nοt be surprising if future research reduces the genus
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFC8FFDAC1FF7391E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[838,953,548,573]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFC8FFDAC1FF7391E" box="[838,953,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">Hypsibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tο just the
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFBFCFDAD188C391E" authorityName="Gąsiorek &amp; Stec &amp; Morek &amp; Michalczyk" authorityYear="2018" box="[1077,1218,548,573]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Macrobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFBFCFDAD188C391E" box="[1077,1218,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D4ADE71EF1EFB31FDAD19D2391F" baseAuthorityName="Urbanowicz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1272,1436,549,572]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Hypsibius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="24" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="convergens">
<emphasis id="4A90EADBDE71EF1EFB31FDAD19D2391F" box="[1272,1436,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="69">H. convergens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grοups.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</subSection>
</treatment>
</document>

108
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87EDA60A1D13FF04DDAB4D86FE43.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
<document id="AE7321B6A566776E03AA68A101B3A90B" ID-CLB-Dataset="45613" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.208577" ID-GBIF-Dataset="40c0ec25-deab-4e60-86c4-4d9b5577dd2b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="208577" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460430933506" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hirose, Gustavo L., Gregati, Rafael A., Fransozo, Adilson &amp; Negreiros-Fransozo, Maria L." docDate="2012" docId="F04D87EDA60A1D13FF04DDAB4D86FE43" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03167p031.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3167" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Persephona lichtensteinii Leach 1817" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="0C74FF95A6091D10FF93DE224931F833" masterDocTitle="Morphological and morphometric comparisons of the first zoea of four species of purse crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) from the Brazilian South Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1698331319754" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="2179422DDF82F183EE1F37A5BD99850C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="4E9207E54C22A05E4DC10EE1480196FC">
<mods:title id="7C3E5F02C0CF658A74FFFC03BDF2A190">Morphological and morphometric comparisons of the first zoea of four species of purse crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) from the Brazilian South Atlantic</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="92EB933254DDB5CC77AA9C6EFBCA0E89" type="personal">
<mods:role id="17FE723884F2B70BF21CDA087549DE3D">
<mods:roleTerm id="D04AE0BDCA97574CCA8A562C2665E971">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F6C49648513EBAE08CFB72C8330653C8">Hirose, Gustavo L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F57EBD6C755F421BD78F35CBC2EBD355" type="personal">
<mods:role id="78620573E5AB51498A26D7574643C004">
<mods:roleTerm id="822E4B24915EF7AE118AA77396C5B3E1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E5925E760A3F8CC733AA1C1B5856E383">Gregati, Rafael A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="258D9337A3D85D1E379444F693773C18" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4968BB0564E78A5E212A9615C319C2D6">
<mods:roleTerm id="A1D6DF22D324547EFDD0F7777695A7D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D62690FFBCC91C38EC884B3837D4FC78">Fransozo, Adilson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D1A0F08566929110A13B28AA9CF50446" type="personal">
<mods:role id="52539772F004A7B0A0215EC04BF0A451">
<mods:roleTerm id="EC0A7165534A27605391EC873E118CD6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4B2F285A20EAD7C26B9D8290C04955E9">Negreiros-Fransozo, Maria L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="64B835B4FB1F9A44AC4B4C8D849DEEE2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="0980D82ADFAB04D36C51B68C98486E38" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="04A02715825265C08BA41D7D395085D5">
<mods:title id="85A33C14557172F19639DF01559F9E1F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="18B1F3EA614948CB1CC608A5F4E4E045">
<mods:date id="D805181AB5F9C7640A80FB0BEDC7467C">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D34FDAA51744CEFAE3F8B1A60E461F46" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E2DC6DE07C9756AF68A804024E2A4EEF">3167</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="3D982A5D22F5DB1105E821C6BA0000D7" unit="page">
<mods:start id="3247254239AF2BF0E733BEE784026837">17</mods:start>
<mods:end id="558E51A5A61C3376350EE1BB0FD0A676">31</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="4FB147AEF5ABEAA440F508DADCF2EB3C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="360594AA590E5185F21A6B07EB7968D9" type="CLB-Dataset">45613</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="059507446E57EBD2C3E6678F9548C5B5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.208577</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="656EC393B333F4CF0C79D9CEDDC249CA" type="GBIF-Dataset">40c0ec25-deab-4e60-86c4-4d9b5577dd2b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="508F0AB6B3BC37980E9CE6CEE8FE2578" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A8758A256D753B358FF20834A2B0D524" type="Zenodo-Dep">208577</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F04D87EDA60A1D13FF04DDAB4D86FE43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6175103" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119430142" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6175103" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D87EDA60A1D13FF04DDAB4D86FE43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D87EDA60A1D13FF04DDAB4D86FE43" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="30FE6570A60A1D13FF04DDAB4D86FE43" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF04DDAB4B57FB90" blockId="3.[151,614,905,931]" box="[151,614,905,931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="23138197A60A1D13FF04DDAB4B57FB90" bold="true" box="[151,614,905,931]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60A1D13FF04DDAB4B57FB90" ID-CoL="4F9M7" authority="Leach, 1817" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1817" box="[151,614,905,931]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60A1D13FF04DDAB4B57FB90" bold="true" box="[151,614,905,931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60A1D13FF04DDAB48FBFB90" bold="true" box="[151,458,905,931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Persephona lichtensteinii</emphasis>
Leach, 1817
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF04DDF24814FC3F" blockId="3.[151,1437,976,1648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60A1D13FF04DDF24825FBDA" bold="true" box="[151,276,976,1001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">First zoea.</emphasis>
Carapace (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FE00DDF248E9FBDB" box="[403,472,976,1000]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,813,836]" captionTargetBox="[160,1420,207,792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,792]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lateral view of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea, B, P. lichtensteinii, and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208579/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B): Dorsal, rostral and pair of curved lateral (about half size of rostral) spines present. Eyes sessile.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56DA3A4A9BFC67" blockId="3.[151,1437,976,1648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Antennule (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FED9DA3A48BEFC03" box="[330,399,1048,1072]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1348,1371]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,217,1301]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,205,1311]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. First larval stage (zoea I): antennule (A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata) and antenna (A’, P. mediterranea; B’, P. lichtensteinii; and C’, P. punctata)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208581/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B): Uniramous, unsegmented, conical, 3 aesthetascs + 1 simple seta terminally. Aesthetascs variable in size, approximately 2.5, 2 and 1.5 times size of antennules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56DA434D8EFC4B" blockId="3.[151,1437,976,1648]" box="[197,1215,1120,1145]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FEA0DA424846FC4B" box="[307,375,1120,1144]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1348,1371]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,217,1301]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,205,1311]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. First larval stage (zoea I): antennule (A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata) and antenna (A’, P. mediterranea; B’, P. lichtensteinii; and C’, P. punctata)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208581/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B): Present as small bud, about half size of antennules, 1 small simple seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56DAA649E5FCD7" blockId="3.[151,1437,976,1648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Maxillule (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FED1DAA648B9FCAF" box="[322,392,1156,1180]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,762,785]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,734]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Maxillule of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208583/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
B): Coxal endite, 4 plumodenticulate setae, 3 plumose setae. Basial endite, 3 plumodenticulate setae + 1 simple seta; 1 small simple seta may also be present. Endopod unsegmented, 4 plumose setae terminally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56DAD24D8BFD63" blockId="3.[151,1437,976,1648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FEB8DAD2485EFD3B" box="[299,367,1264,1288]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1399,1422]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,850,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,835,1378]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Maxilla of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208584/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B): Coxal endite bilobed, 4+4 plumodenticulate setae and microtrichia. Basial endite bilobed, 9 plumodenticulate setae (5+4) and microtrichia. Endopod, 4 plumose setae (2+2) and microtrichia. Scaphognathite, 4 marginal plumose setae, posterior part with strong apical process bearing many microtrichia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56DB7E4883FD8F" blockId="3.[151,1437,976,1648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
First maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FE15DB7E48FBFD47" box="[390,458,1372,1396]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,915,938]" captionTargetBox="[152,1427,204,885]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. First maxilliped of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208585/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
B): Coxa, without setae. Basis, 8 medial simple setae (2+2+2+2) on ventral side. Endopodite 5-segmented, 2+2+0+2+ 5 (one subterminal and four terminal) setae. Exopod 2-segmented, 4 long plumose natatory setae terminally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56DBEA4D6CFE37" blockId="3.[151,1437,976,1648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Second maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FE35DBEA48DBFDD3" box="[422,490,1480,1504]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,1028,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1018,1849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 9. Second maxilliped of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208586/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
B): Coxa without setae. Basis, 4 medial setae (1+1+1+1) on the inner side. Endopod unsegmented, 4 setae. Exopod 2-segmented, 4 long plumose natatory setae terminally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56D8324D86FE43" blockId="3.[151,1437,976,1648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FED0D83248B4FE1B" box="[323,389,1552,1576]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1690,1713]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,195,1679]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,167,1679]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal view of abdomen of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; C, P. punctata; and C’, P. punctata (telson enlarged, showing the detail of the simple setae present near the distal margin)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208580/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B): 5-segmented, pair of lateral knobs on posterior margin of second abdominal segment, and second pair in middle portion of third segment. Telson wider than long, lateral margins convex, with small terminal spine. Posterior margin slightly concave, 3 pairs of plumose setae positioned in central region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

216
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87EDA60A1D16FF04D89B4B91FE51.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
<document id="B259C47E1C9E38BEC9A170E04EA7AF59" ID-CLB-Dataset="45613" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.208577" ID-GBIF-Dataset="40c0ec25-deab-4e60-86c4-4d9b5577dd2b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="208577" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460430933506" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hirose, Gustavo L., Gregati, Rafael A., Fransozo, Adilson &amp; Negreiros-Fransozo, Maria L." docDate="2012" docId="F04D87EDA60A1D16FF04D89B4B91FE51" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03167p031.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3167" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Persephona punctata Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="0C74FF95A6091D10FF93DE224931F833" masterDocTitle="Morphological and morphometric comparisons of the first zoea of four species of purse crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) from the Brazilian South Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1698331319754" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="6DEE9B0738FCC142129C30B2AE658DB5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="13B71692A85923F381F340BD08D4DE62">
<mods:title id="7DFE74D897A6C407B4F199895FC73A50">Morphological and morphometric comparisons of the first zoea of four species of purse crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) from the Brazilian South Atlantic</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="89B33D3A1C146AE95B3CCBE11D507E3B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6EB470D28951F4DCEBDE52A903652FA2">
<mods:roleTerm id="43402C4F6C1F68BB4542FB6F19A4B734">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="417CD2968CB10AF8229DD7A98950A0E1">Hirose, Gustavo L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A7171F159F6E1E3C668BB4E08EC2180E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="30738F39B6192E4CB7C8EE2E86DF64BF">
<mods:roleTerm id="41E16A7F1671F412D24885BDA66644B0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CAD75107D6BB1BEF3C2ED94B18099993">Gregati, Rafael A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D02FA0B083ED79B4C34AF0D615B10C10" type="personal">
<mods:role id="53D0310C204B7FED45325AE11072F12C">
<mods:roleTerm id="0152DEC9FCBB224FC912C60E21EDF632">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A08A1F5A4A22A57FDFC70BFED137D549">Fransozo, Adilson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CFFA5DF0C386408A93F12D98AC8F9B51" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F2A4331B7CD2DEA5F0F8D548585FD5B1">
<mods:roleTerm id="8DB2A0A3B574C2344D424FC47B69552C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8BF35B64892C441C110C90695F0C10F1">Negreiros-Fransozo, Maria L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="FE2AD54C7CCB6CD3A8AEC24C32101B74">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F89929C62FBBAEC9AE351B7D9B5988C2" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="1F5C471CEE849C141B902427B1759C64">
<mods:title id="4C6FAFB37DB40B7683DB67857AEE9308">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7B7CF62337D6C326E76290DBD2B8E273">
<mods:date id="D0C4A790845C6A00B3784AE0EB4BD882">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="21C5AFB5C0B131F2E444D45AB2231836" type="volume">
<mods:number id="DF7162A1EFD868E00C0620C704C09216">3167</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="A313400BE833DF3C38968860FF653B5E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E83D34AD427FDE204D057ECBAD23F5C4">17</mods:start>
<mods:end id="AF54962E000838A36AA9845007FECFD9">31</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="DD9C5667B99ADEAD720E895A872F043A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="30D0F3232BCA398F797B489E70D8E420" type="CLB-Dataset">45613</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="85BA779E208F85155408B043C39F280F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.208577</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="023E7D5B094649F2E9904EB9D41CF79E" type="GBIF-Dataset">40c0ec25-deab-4e60-86c4-4d9b5577dd2b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6CDF7A2D1792189A2CDDDC47A8FA57A3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9CB1D16846C6A600F2DD6672B83C9441" type="Zenodo-Dep">208577</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F04D87EDA60A1D16FF04D89B4B91FE51" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6175105" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119430139" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6175105" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D87EDA60A1D16FF04D89B4B91FE51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D87EDA60A1D16FF04D89B4B91FE51" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="30FE6570A60A1D16FF04D89B4B91FE51" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF04D89B4B5FFEE0" blockId="3.[151,622,1721,1747]" box="[151,622,1721,1747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="23138197A60A1D13FF04D89B4B5FFEE0" bold="true" box="[151,622,1721,1747]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60A1D13FF04D89B4B5FFEE0" ID-CoL="775GM" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,622,1721,1747]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60A1D13FF04D89B4B5FFEE0" bold="true" box="[151,622,1721,1747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60A1D13FF04D89B48A7FEE0" bold="true" box="[151,406,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Persephona punctata</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF04D9224864FF0F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1792,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60A1D13FF04D9224825FF2A" bold="true" box="[151,276,1792,1817]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">First zoea.</emphasis>
Carapace (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FE00D92248E9FF2B" box="[403,472,1792,1816]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,813,836]" captionTargetBox="[160,1420,207,792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,792]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lateral view of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea, B, P. lichtensteinii, and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208579/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
C): Evident posterior projection. Dorsal, rostral and pair of curved lateral spines present. Eyes sessile.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56D96A4A2FFFB7" blockId="3.[151,1436,1792,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Antennule (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FED9D96A48BEFF53" box="[330,399,1864,1888]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1348,1371]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,217,1301]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,205,1311]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. First larval stage (zoea I): antennule (A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata) and antenna (A’, P. mediterranea; B’, P. lichtensteinii; and C’, P. punctata)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208581/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C): Uniramous, unsegmented, conical, 2 aesthetascs + 1 simple seta terminally. Aesthetascs similar in size, approximately 1.5 times size of antennule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56D9B34AF8FF9B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1792,2033]" box="[197,969,1936,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FEA0D9B24846FF9B" box="[307,375,1936,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1348,1371]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,217,1301]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,205,1311]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. First larval stage (zoea I): antennule (A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata) and antenna (A’, P. mediterranea; B’, P. lichtensteinii; and C’, P. punctata)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208581/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C): Present as small bud, about 1/4 size of antennule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60A1D13FF56D9964D76FFC3" blockId="3.[151,1436,1792,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Maxillule (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60A1D13FED0D99648B9FFFF" box="[323,392,1972,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,762,785]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,734]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Maxillule of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208583/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C): Coxal endite, 7 plumodenticulate setae. Basial endite, 4 plumodenticulate setae; 1 small simple seta may also be present. Endopod unsegmented, 4 plumose setae terminally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2C9B6673A60D1D14FF04D8B84C05FEFC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208580/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" targetBox="[162,1426,195,1679]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60D1D14FF04D8B84C05FEFC" blockId="4.[151,1434,1690,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60D1D14FF04D8B84822FE83" bold="true" box="[151,275,1690,1713]" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Dorsal view of abdomen of the first larval stage (zoea I): A,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60D1D14FC18D8B94DA2FE82" box="[907,1171,1691,1713]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60D1D14FC18D8B94DA2FE82" box="[907,1171,1691,1713]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Persephona mediterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60D1D14FB53D8BE4C6CFE82" box="[1216,1373,1691,1713]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60D1D14FB53D8BE4C6CFE82" box="[1216,1373,1691,1713]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">P. lichtensteinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; C,
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60D1D14FA1AD8BE49C6FEE3" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60D1D14FA1AD8BE49C3FEE3" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">P. punctata</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
and C’,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60D1D14FEDCD89948F0FEE3" box="[335,449,1723,1744]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60D1D14FEDCD89948F0FEE3" box="[335,449,1723,1744]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">P. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(telson enlarged, showing the detail of the simple setae present near the distal margin).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60D1D14FF56D8DE4D8BFF6F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1788,2029]" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60D1D14FEB8D8DE485EFF27" box="[299,367,1788,1812]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1399,1422]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,850,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,835,1378]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Maxilla of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208584/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
C): Coxal endite bilobed, 3+4 plumodenticulate setae and microtrichia. Basial endite bilobed, 8 plumodenticulate setae (4+4) and microtrichia. Endopod, 4 plumose setae (2+2) and microtrichia. Scaphognathite, 4 marginal plumose setae, posterior part with strong apical process bearing many microtrichia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60D1D14FF56D94A4D6CFFDF" blockId="4.[151,1436,1788,2029]" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
First maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60D1D14FE18D94A48FEFFB3" box="[395,463,1896,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,915,938]" captionTargetBox="[152,1427,204,885]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. First maxilliped of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208585/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
C): Coxa, without setae. Basis, 8 medial simple setae (2+2+2+2) on the ventral side. Endopodite 5-segmented, 2+2+0+2+ 4 setae. Exopod unsegmented, 4 long plumose natatory setae terminally. Second maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60D1D14FE35D99248D8FFFB" box="[422,489,1968,1992]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,1028,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1018,1849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 9. Second maxilliped of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208586/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
C): Coxa without setae. Basis, 4 medial setae (1+1+1+1) on the inner side. Endopod unsegmented, 4 setae. Exopod 2-segmented, 4 long plumose natatory setae terminally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2C9B6673A60C1D15FF04DB664A58FD4A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208581/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" targetBox="[159,1425,217,1301]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60C1D15FF04DB664A58FD4A" blockId="5.[151,1435,1348,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FF04DB664825FD6A" bold="true" box="[151,276,1348,1371]" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
First larval stage (zoea I): antennule (A,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60C1D15FD50DB664AFDFD69" box="[707,972,1348,1370]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FD50DB664AFDFD69" box="[707,972,1348,1370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Persephona mediterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60C1D15FC68DB674DA8FD69" box="[1019,1177,1348,1370]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FC68DB674DA8FD69" box="[1019,1177,1348,1370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">P. lichtensteinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and C,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60C1D15FB67DB674C56FD69" box="[1268,1383,1349,1370]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FB67DB674C56FD69" box="[1268,1383,1349,1370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">P. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and antenna (A’,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60C1D15FE8ADB46488BFD4A" box="[281,442,1379,1401]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FE8ADB46488BFD4A" box="[281,442,1379,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">P. mediterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B’,
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FE7EDB464BA3FD4A" box="[493,658,1379,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60C1D15FE7EDB464BBAFD4A" box="[493,651,1379,1401]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">P. lichtensteinii</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
and C’,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60C1D15FD7ADB464A6BFD4A" box="[745,858,1380,1401]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FD7ADB464A6BFD4A" box="[745,858,1380,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">P. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2C9B6673A60C1D15FF04D99E4CB0FFE1" box="[151,1409,1980,2003]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208582/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" targetBox="[160,1425,1486,1928]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60C1D15FF04D99E4CB0FFE1" blockId="5.[151,1409,1980,2003]" box="[151,1409,1980,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FF04D99E4823FFE1" bold="true" box="[151,274,1980,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Mandible of the first larval stage (zoea I): A,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60C1D15FD77D99E4ADDFFE1" box="[740,1004,1980,2002]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FD77D99E4ADDFFE1" box="[740,1004,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Persephona mediterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B,
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FB84D99F4D8DFFE1" box="[1047,1212,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60C1D15FB84D99F4D84FFE1" box="[1047,1205,1980,2002]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">P. lichtensteinii</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
and C,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60C1D15FA99D99F4C4DFFE1" box="[1290,1404,1981,2002]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60C1D15FA99D99F4C4DFFE1" box="[1290,1404,1981,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">P. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2C9B6673A60F1D16FF04DCD84CB2FB22" box="[151,1411,762,785]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208583/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[158,1428,193,734]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60F1D16FF04DCD84CB2FB22" blockId="6.[151,1411,762,785]" box="[151,1411,762,785]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60F1D16FF04DCD84823FB23" bold="true" box="[151,274,762,785]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Maxillule of the first larval stage (zoea I): A,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60F1D16FD75DCD94ADCFB22" box="[742,1005,763,785]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60F1D16FD75DCD94ADCFB22" box="[742,1005,763,785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Persephona mediterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B,
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60F1D16FB8BDCDE4D8CFB22" box="[1048,1213,763,785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60F1D16FB8BDCDE4D87FB22" box="[1048,1206,763,785]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">P. lichtensteinii</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
and C,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60F1D16FA98DCDE4C4CFB22" box="[1291,1405,764,785]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60F1D16FA98DCDE4C4CFB22" box="[1291,1405,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">P. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2C9B6673A60F1D16FF04DB554C5EFDBE" box="[151,1391,1399,1422]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208584/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[164,1422,850,1371]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60F1D16FF04DB554C5EFDBE" blockId="6.[151,1391,1399,1422]" box="[151,1391,1399,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60F1D16FF04DB554822FDBE" bold="true" box="[151,275,1399,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Maxilla of the first larval stage (zoea I): A,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60F1D16FD41DB554AEBFDBE" box="[722,986,1399,1421]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60F1D16FD41DB554AEBFDBE" box="[722,986,1399,1421]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Persephona mediterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B,
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60F1D16FB96DB5B4D98FDBE" box="[1029,1193,1399,1422]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60F1D16FB96DB5B4D92FDBE" box="[1029,1187,1399,1422]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">P. lichtensteinii</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
and C,
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60F1D16FB6BDB5B4C58FDBD" box="[1272,1385,1401,1422]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60F1D16FB6BDB5B4C58FDBD" box="[1272,1385,1401,1422]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">P. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60F1D16FF56DBFC4B91FE51" blockId="6.[151,1436,1502,1635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60F1D16FED0DBFC48B4FDC5" box="[323,389,1502,1526]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1690,1713]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,195,1679]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,167,1679]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal view of abdomen of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; C, P. punctata; and C’, P. punctata (telson enlarged, showing the detail of the simple setae present near the distal margin)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208580/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
C): 5-segmented, pair of lateral knobs on posterior margin of second abdominal segment, and second pair in middle portion of third segment. Telson wider than long, lateral margins convex, with small terminal spine. Posterior margin slightly concave, 3 pairs of plumose setae positioned in central region; 1 small simple seta may also be present on distal margin of telson.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

108
data/F0/4D/87/F04D87EDA60B1D12FF04DB6E4D0AFFD9.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
<document id="039AA06C7CC96697783A39BAF4BE97EB" ID-CLB-Dataset="45613" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.208577" ID-GBIF-Dataset="40c0ec25-deab-4e60-86c4-4d9b5577dd2b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="208577" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460430933506" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hirose, Gustavo L., Gregati, Rafael A., Fransozo, Adilson &amp; Negreiros-Fransozo, Maria L." docDate="2012" docId="F04D87EDA60B1D12FF04DB6E4D0AFFD9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03167p031.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3167" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Persephona mediterranea Herbst 1794" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="0C74FF95A6091D10FF93DE224931F833" masterDocTitle="Morphological and morphometric comparisons of the first zoea of four species of purse crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) from the Brazilian South Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698331319754" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="F53B137C824FA43F8E4BFB7F2BE5221F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1423867BDF4F06CD8671E41278859A01">
<mods:title id="40F5A59BEDFBE1167CAD3DBE50F53FB9">Morphological and morphometric comparisons of the first zoea of four species of purse crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) from the Brazilian South Atlantic</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="61A257950703489D7C86593A3993F569" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CE0977238C63539805A56FFBCB0A233A">
<mods:roleTerm id="906424202BD38E098A4FCC5DBA42880A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="00EA29BA60BB40884AB4F8183E89596C">Hirose, Gustavo L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="15378F2D90DD15A795468DA679B3EC14" type="personal">
<mods:role id="755AC8F39A18A50781A46D95754C7BD5">
<mods:roleTerm id="099A28694AF16D8FB0B784F7DF1690CF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3D5E18420ACFD2577A1E065EEE64ED79">Gregati, Rafael A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A4B96C5AEA08C03333FDF318C322E792" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0B8B8BB86D41BC00EFCE169E1E888C41">
<mods:roleTerm id="364383D6AAAA3C0F1BD022688CC8F5D8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C5A2247FBB205958F6216C95F644C806">Fransozo, Adilson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C0161BCB144C174BA3B2F01D1610DD7B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3C88AA201C28BB710A95917A82CFD03A">
<mods:roleTerm id="8BB9EE3A29A4F03444625700CE322C19">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0685F9883145B86B9A9C3852BEA1C940">Negreiros-Fransozo, Maria L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="58ABD5878FED8BA2846D64AACDE10294">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B8E762D1C1384D250A1463DBE6B33A61" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="008D8305521D324247D24250D2C765BC">
<mods:title id="FDEA4ED30BA9165C87520C6DE97A2563">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="AE1631C225192DB98BB23A08573B4919">
<mods:date id="4400A57647AA822239C34EECC49278C7">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="03E3EE9F51CF26BDBB1EE19A3B2224DC" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0365ADC712B89AC498206DB3E61ECDB1">3167</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="D0154EAAAA5164FF09F5D3CCB30D27F7" unit="page">
<mods:start id="D70A60D5D5278C0EF3362C88E6DCA268">17</mods:start>
<mods:end id="29CAACB52EDB320882D3A13F7288574C">31</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="E5D4684D610843EF823F509631F28281">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="155F473E47D2DFF2B51AE1C3469B2B14" type="CLB-Dataset">45613</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="593041DF507CCF8F7DD64D676F62CDAF" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.208577</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0C96D78CB9B53507300A8F38957D7B55" type="GBIF-Dataset">40c0ec25-deab-4e60-86c4-4d9b5577dd2b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DDF84063E88455B8167667E3C6410E35" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="077D7B1DB8013D4537ED12EB7885CC8F" type="Zenodo-Dep">208577</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F04D87EDA60B1D12FF04DB6E4D0AFFD9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6175101" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119430138" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6175101" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D87EDA60B1D12FF04DB6E4D0AFFD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D87EDA60B1D12FF04DB6E4D0AFFD9" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
<subSubSection id="30FE6570A60B1D12FF04DB6E4D0AFFD9" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60B1D12FF04DB6E4BB8FD56" blockId="2.[151,649,1355,1382]" box="[151,649,1355,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
<heading id="23138197A60B1D12FF04DB6E4BB8FD56" bold="true" box="[151,649,1355,1382]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="BFE44D78A60B1D12FF04DB6E4BB8FD56" ID-CoL="4F9M8" authority="Herbst, 1794" authorityName="Herbst" authorityYear="1794" box="[151,649,1355,1382]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucosiidae" genus="Persephona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60B1D12FF04DB6E4BB8FD56" bold="true" box="[151,649,1355,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60B1D12FF04DB6E48FFFD55" bold="true" box="[151,462,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Persephona mediterranea</emphasis>
(Herbst, 1794)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60B1D12FF04DBB04B5EFDFC" blockId="2.[151,1436,1426,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="4A90EAE9A60B1D12FF04DBB04822FD98" bold="true" box="[151,275,1426,1451]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">First zoea.</emphasis>
Carapace (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60B1D12FE02DBB048E5FD99" box="[401,468,1426,1450]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,813,836]" captionTargetBox="[160,1420,207,792]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,792]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lateral view of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea, B, P. lichtensteinii, and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208579/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A): Globose, small plumose setae present near base of dorsal spine. Dorsal, rostral and pair of lateral spines present. Eyes sessile.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60B1D12FF56DBF84C35FDC1" blockId="2.[151,1436,1426,2026]" box="[197,1284,1498,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
Antennule (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60B1D12FEDADBF848BCFDC1" box="[329,397,1498,1522]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1348,1371]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,217,1301]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,205,1311]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. First larval stage (zoea I): antennule (A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata) and antenna (A’, P. mediterranea; B’, P. lichtensteinii; and C’, P. punctata)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208581/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A): Uniramous, unsegmented, conical, 3 aesthetascs + 1 simple seta terminally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60B1D12FF56DBDD4D06FE24" blockId="2.[151,1436,1426,2026]" box="[197,1079,1535,1559]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60B1D12FEA0DBDD4846FE24" box="[307,375,1535,1559]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1348,1371]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,217,1301]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,205,1311]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. First larval stage (zoea I): antennule (A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata) and antenna (A’, P. mediterranea; B’, P. lichtensteinii; and C’, P. punctata)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208581/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A): Present as small bud, about one-third as large as antennule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60B1D12FF56D8004D49FE6C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1426,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
Maxillule (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60B1D12FED3D8004891FE09" box="[320,416,1570,1594]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,762,785]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,734]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Maxillule of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208583/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figure 6</figureCitation>
A): Coxal endite, 5 plumose setae. Basial endite, 3 plumose setae + 1 plumodenticulate seta and 1 simple seta may also be present. Endopod unsegmented, 4 simple setae terminally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60B1D12FF56D8484D0AFEF9" blockId="2.[151,1436,1426,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60B1D12FEBFD84848BFFEB1" box="[300,398,1642,1666]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1399,1422]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,850,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,835,1378]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Maxilla of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208584/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figure 7</figureCitation>
A): Coxal endite bilobed, 2+3 plumose setae and microtrichia. Basial endite bilobed, 8 plumose setae (4+4) and microtrichia. Endopod, 4 plumose setae (2+2) and microtrichia. Scaphognathite, 4 marginal plumose setae, posterior part with strong apical process bearing many microtrichia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60B1D12FF56D8F548C5FF04" blockId="2.[151,1436,1426,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
First maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60B1D12FE1BD8F548FAFEDC" box="[392,459,1751,1775]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,915,938]" captionTargetBox="[152,1427,204,885]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,894]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. First maxilliped of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208585/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A): Coxa, without setae. Basis, 8 medial plumose setae (2+2+2+2) on the ventral side. Endopodite 5-segmented, 2+2+0+2+ 5 (one subterminal and four terminal) setae. Exopod 2-segmented, 4 long plumose natatory setae terminally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60B1D12FF56D9604D6CFF4C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1426,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
Second maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60B1D12FE34D9604B38FF69" box="[423,521,1858,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1870,1893]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,1028,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1018,1849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 9. Second maxilliped of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; and C, P. punctata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208586/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figure 9</figureCitation>
A): Coxa without setae. Basis, 4 medial setae (1+1+1+1) on inner side. Endopod unsegmented, 3 setae. Exopod 2-segmented, 4 long plumose natatory setae terminally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="785B36FBA60B1D12FF56D9A84D0AFFD9" blockId="2.[151,1436,1426,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="E0DF2A7EA60B1D12FED0D9A848B4FF91" box="[323,389,1930,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1690,1713]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,195,1679]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,167,1679]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal view of abdomen of the first larval stage (zoea I): A, Persephona mediterranea; B, P. lichtensteinii; C, P. punctata; and C’, P. punctata (telson enlarged, showing the detail of the simple setae present near the distal margin)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208580/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A): 5-segmented, pair of lateral knobs on posterior margin of second abdominal segment, and second pair in middle portion of third segment. Telson wider than long, convex lateral margins with small terminal spine. Posterior margin slightly concave, 3 pairs of plumose setae in central region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

484
data/F0/4D/8A/F04D8AF2CD8CDF96CD98BB6AE4634740.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.24.4375" ID-PMC="PMC3689132" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-24-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="563EFFD7FFA3FFC47235FFE0B16B4658" ID-PubMed="23794938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576237" ModsDocID="1314-2003-24-1" checkinTime="1451251869906" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lange, P. J. de, Heenan, P. B., Houliston, G. J., Rolfe, J. R. &amp; Mitchell, A. D." docDate="2013" docId="F04D8AF2CD8CDF96CD98BB6AE4634740" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 24: 1-147" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 24" docPubDate="2013-06-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.24.4375" docTitle="Lepidium limenophylax Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="563EFFD7FFA3FFC47235FFE0B16B4658" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="563EFFD7FFA3FFC47235FFE0B16B4658" masterDocTitle="New Lepidium (Brassicaceae) from New Zealand" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1668140848368" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New Lepidium (Brassicaceae) from New Zealand</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lange, P. J. de</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Science &amp; Capability Group, Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Conservation, Private Bag 68908 Newton, Auckland 1145, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Heenan, P. B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Allan Herbarium, Landcare Research, P. O. 69, Lincoln 7640, Canterbury, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Houliston, G. J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Ecological Genetics Group, Landcare Research, P. O. 69, Lincoln 7640, Canterbury, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rolfe, J. R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Science &amp; Capability Group, Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Office, Department of Conservation, P. O. Box 10420, Wellington 6143, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mitchell, A. D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Otago School of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, PO Box 4345, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2013-06-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>147</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.24.4375</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.24.4375</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-24-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">563EFFD7FFA3FFC47235FFE0B16B4658</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576237</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024650" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F04D8AF2CD8CDF96CD98BB6AE4634740" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F04D8AF2CD8CDF96CD98BB6AE4634740" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName LSID="F04D8AF2-CD8C-DF96-CD98-BB6AE4634740" authority="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell, 2013" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidium limenophylax" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax" status="sp. nov.">Lepidium limenophylax</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="48" pageNumber="49">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="latin">
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">A L. oleraceo G.Forst. habitu constanter decumbenti vel procumbenti, nodis caulorum ligneis repullantibus tempo novo et interdum radicibus adventiis, foliis constanter angusto-lanceolatis vel linearibus serrulatis floribus staminibus duobus, et DNA sequentiis singularibus differt</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
New Zealand (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Holotype of Lepidium limenophylax de Lange, B. D. Rance et D. A. Norton." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10788" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Snares Island, Snares Island Expedition 1969/72, University of Canterbury, December 1969, C. H. Hay s.n., WELT SP077578!
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10788" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 50" startId="F50">
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figure 50.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
de Lange, B.D.Rance et D.A.Norton.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="etymology.">
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<pageBreakToken pageId="49" pageNumber="50" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
The specific epithet '
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">limenophylax</emphasis>
' derives from Greek (Ό
<normalizedToken originalValue="λιμνοφυλαξ">λιμνοφυλαξ</normalizedToken>
) and, though it strictly means 'lake
<normalizedToken originalValue="watcher’">watcher'</normalizedToken>
(C. Blackford pers. comm.), it is used here in the sense of the alternative meaning of &quot;harbour watcher or coast-guard&quot;, which
<bibRefCitation author="Green, PS" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" refId="B47" refString="Green, PS, 1994. Flora of Australia Vol. 49, Oceanic Islands 1. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra." title="Flora of Australia Vol. 49, Oceanic Islands 1. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra" year="1994">Green (1994</bibRefCitation>
; p. 535) states is the more appropriate derivation (see his comments on the etymology of the Norfolk Island endemic orchid
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Phreatia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Microspermae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Phreatia limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Endl.) Benth.). It is given in allusion to the preferred habitat of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the Snares, i.e. the low turf confined to the exposed ends of rocky headlands jutting out into and overlooking the sea. Historically, it was on these exposed headlands that the World War II coastwatchers were posted to keep watch for signs of enemy shipping (
<bibRefCitation author="Fleming, CA" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Bird Notes" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="181 - 184" refId="B38" refString="Fleming, CA, 1948. The Snares Island expedition. New Zealand Bird Notes 2: 181 - 184" title="The Snares Island expedition." volume="2" year="1948">Fleming 1948</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="McEwen, M" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" refId="B63" refString="McEwen, M, 2005. Charles Fleming Environmental Patriot. Craig Potton Publishing, Nelson." title="Charles Fleming Environmental Patriot. Craig Potton Publishing, Nelson." year="2005">McEwen 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Lepidium limenophylax: (A) flowering plants on the Snares in Poa astonii / Poa tennantiana grassland showing decumbent growth-habit (image: R. Ewans); (B) close up of young and emergent inflorescence (image: S. Lake)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10789" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 51</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Mature silicle of Lepidium limenophylax. WELT SP 077578. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10792" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">-54</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Tap-rooted, strongly pungent smelling, summer-green, perennial herb, arising from stout rootstock 7.3-10.0 mm diam. Plants dying down to rootstock and previous
<normalizedToken originalValue="season’s">season's</normalizedToken>
stem nodes during winter. Stems decumbent, bases often very stout,
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
spherical, somewhat woody when mature 10-15
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-12 mm, composed of numerous old leaf and stem bases, sometimes producing roots, new
<normalizedToken originalValue="season’s">season's</normalizedToken>
grow decumbent, spreading 10-300
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-10 mm, glabrous, sometimes with very sparse, appressed, caducous, silky 0.5-1.0 mm long, hairs near stem apices, at fruiting, often devoid of foliage from much of length. Leaves glabrous, firmly fleshy to succulent, usually dark green to green, sometimes yellow-green. Rosette and stem leaves usually withering at fruiting but sometimes with a few long persistent. Petiole distinct, 20-40
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-4 mm lamina 50-100
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-15 mm, lanceolate, narrowly lanceolate to linear lanceolate; distal ⅓-⅔ finely but sharply serrated or crenate, teeth in 10-20 pairs running to and including subacute, obtuse to rounded apex (teeth not extending beyond leaf outline), base cuneate to narrowly cuneate. Middle stems leaves with petiole indistinct, lamina narrowly linear lanceolate to linear, often recurved to falcate in the distal ⅓ -
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
of leaf length, 50-120
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-6 mm; upper ⅔ or occasionally the entire leaf finely but sharply serrated; teeth in 12-30 pairs running to and including the apex, and not extending beyond leaf outline, lamina base tapered, very narrowly cuneate. Upper stem leaves with or without a distinct petiole, petiole if present 40-60 mm, linear to linear-spathulate, occasionally narrowly lanceolate, often recurved or falcate from
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
of leaf length, 30-100
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.0-30.0 mm, margins finely but sharply serrated. Racemes 5-15 mm long, terminal and axillary; rachis glabrous; pedicels glabrous, erecto-patent, 2-8 mm long at fruiting. Flowers c. 0.4-1.0 mm diam. Sepals 4, saccate, overlapping at base, green with pale-green to white thickened margin, apex broadly obtuse, shape and size dimorphic; lateral sepals c.0.6-1.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.6-1.2 mm, broadly ovate to oval, mostly glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy, hairs 0.2-0.4 mm long, caducous; median sepals 0.9-1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-1.2 mm, elliptic to obovate, abaxial surface sparsely hairy, hairs 0.2-0.4 mm long, caducous. Petals white to off-white, 1.5-2.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.3-1 mm, erecto-patent to somewhat spreading, clawed; limb narrowly obovate, apex obtuse, occasionally emarginated. Stamens 2, equal. Nectaries 2, subulate, 0.35 mm long. Silicles cartilaginous when fresh, coriaceous when dry, 2.5-3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-3.3 mm, elliptic or rhomboid, not winged, apex usually notched (rarely truncate), valves green maturing yellow-green, glabrous; style 0.1-0.3 mm long, exceeding the shallow notch (if notch present); stig
<pageBreakToken pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">ma</pageBreakToken>
0.3-0.5 mm diam. Seeds 2, narrowly ovoid, brown, red-brown to orange-brown, not winged, 1.25-1.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.35-0.60 mm. FL. Nov-Feb. FR. Nov-Feb.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10789" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 51" startId="F51">
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figure 51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
) flowering plants on the Snares in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrie" authorityYear="1906" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="astonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Poa astonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrie" authorityYear="1909" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tennantiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Poa tennantiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grassland showing decumbent growth-habit (image: R. Ewans); (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
) close up of young and emergent inflorescence (image: S. Lake).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10790" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 52" startId="F52">
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figure 52.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
) broad-leaved leaf variant (rosette leaves) (image: R. Ewans); (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
) narrow-leaved variant (image: R. Ewans).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10791" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 53" startId="F53">
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figure 53.</emphasis>
Inflorescence of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showing flowers and stamens (image: R. Ewans).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10792" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 54" startId="F54">
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figure 54.</emphasis>
Mature silicle of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. WELT SP077578. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="representative specimens">
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Representative Specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">New Zealand (Stewart Island/Rakiura):</emphasis>
Kaimohu Island, 25 February 1965, B. A. Fineran s.n., (CANU 8703).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Snares Islands:</emphasis>
No
<pageBreakToken pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">vember</pageBreakToken>
1907, B.C. Aston s.n., (AK 4464, WELT SP027621, WELT SP027628); January 1909, B. C. Aston s.n., (WELT SP027623, WELT SP027624, WELT 27625, WELT SP027626); west coast between Signpost Hill and Razor Back, 29 November 1984, G. S. Hardy s.n., (WELT SP078810); on headland just below Signpost Hill, 29 November 1984, G. S. Hardy s.n., (WELT SP078811); December 1947, n. c.,
<pageBreakToken pageId="52" pageNumber="53" start="start">R</pageBreakToken>
. C. Murphy Expedition, (WELT SP035432); December 1947, F. Newcombe s.n., (WELT SP09710); cliff edge, February 1961, B. Fineran s.n., (CANU 5949); cliff edge, February 1961, B. A. Fineran s.n., (CANU 5950); B. Fineran s.n., Feb 1961, cliff edge, CANU 5994; cliff edge, February 1961, B. A. Fineran s.n., (CANU 5995); cliff edge, February 1961, B. A. Fineran s.n., (CANU 6000A-6000B); Broughton Island, 4. November 1972, D. S Horning s.n., (CANU 18916); July 2002, P. Sagars.n., (AK 283482).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Auckland Islands:</emphasis>
January 1890, T. Kirk s.n., (WELT SP027634).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<pageBreakToken pageId="53" pageNumber="54" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Distribution of Lepidium flexicaule (New Zealand distribution shown only), Lepidium juvencum, Lepidium limenophylax, Lepidium naufragorum and Lepidium obtusatum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10782" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Endemic. New Zealand, South-western Titi (Muttonbird) Islands (Kaimohu Island), The Snares (North East, Broughton islands), and Auckland Islands.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is possibly also present on Pohowaitai Island (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">B. A. Fineran</emphasis>
, 4 Mar 1965, CANU 8723) another of the south-western Titi (Muttonbird) Islands, although this collection, comprising sterile specimens of a whole young plant and a branch are inadequate to be certain. There are also additional unconfirmed observations of what may be this species from many of the other south-western Titi (Muttonbird) Islands (B.A. Fineran and B.D. Rance pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="recognition">
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Recognition.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is recognised by the decumbent growth habit (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Lepidium limenophylax: (A) flowering plants on the Snares in Poa astonii / Poa tennantiana grassland showing decumbent growth-habit (image: R. Ewans); (B) close up of young and emergent inflorescence (image: S. Lake)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10789" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figs 51</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Lepidium limenophylax: (A) broad-leaved leaf variant (rosette leaves) (image: R. Ewans); (B) narrow-leaved variant (image: R. Ewans)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10790" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">, 52</figureCitation>
), with plants developing a distinct woody network of branches. New
<normalizedToken originalValue="season’s">season's</normalizedToken>
growth arises from the nodes left from the previous
<normalizedToken originalValue="season’s">season's</normalizedToken>
growth. In this species, the leaves are consistently lanceolate, narrowly lanceolate, linear lanceolate or linear (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Holotype of Lepidium limenophylax de Lange, B. D. Rance et D. A. Norton." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10788" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figs 50</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Lepidium limenophylax: (A) flowering plants on the Snares in Poa astonii / Poa tennantiana grassland showing decumbent growth-habit (image: R. Ewans); (B) close up of young and emergent inflorescence (image: S. Lake)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10789" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">, 51B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Lepidium limenophylax: (A) broad-leaved leaf variant (rosette leaves) (image: R. Ewans); (B) narrow-leaved variant (image: R. Ewans)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10790" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">, 52</figureCitation>
), though slightly broader in seedlings and basal rosettes. The flowers have two stamens (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Inflorescence of Lepidium limenophylax showing flowers and stamens (image: R. Ewans)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10791" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
). It is morphologically most similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rekohuense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium rekohuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which also has a decumbent growth habit and flowers with two stamens.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has lanceolate, narrowly lanceolate, linear lanceolate or linear leaves, rather than the spathulate to narrowly ovate or elliptic leaves of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rekohuense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium rekohuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore, the silicles of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are elliptic, rhomboidal and unwinged (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Mature silicle of Lepidium limenophylax. WELT SP 077578. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10792" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
), rather than orbicular, obovate to ovoid and winged.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
On the Snares,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been described as an occasional component of cliff top vegetation where it is stated to grow in association with living or dead
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrie" authorityYear="1906" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="astonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Poa astonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Petrie pedestals (and on occasion in association with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrie" authorityYear="1909" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tennantiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Poa tennantiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Petrie and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pennell" authorityYear="1921" class="Aves" family="Primobucconidae" genus="Hebe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elliptica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Hebe elliptica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(G.Forst.) Pennell), often near the feeding sites of brown skuas (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Mathews" baseAuthorityYear="1912" class="Aves" family="Stercocariidae" genus="Stercorarius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lonnbergi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Stercorarius lonnbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mathews, 1912) and occasionally around the nests of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Buller’s">Buller's</normalizedToken>
mollymawk (
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Diomedeidae" genus="Thalassarche" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Ciconiiformes" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Thalassarche</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">bulleri</emphasis>
(Rothschild, 1893)) or on dry peaty cliff tops (sometimes within the sandy quartz derived from the underlying granite) (
<bibRefCitation author="Fineran, BA" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand (Botany)" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="237 - 270" refId="B37" refString="Fineran, BA, 1969. The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand (Botany) 17: 237 - 270" title="The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand." volume="17" year="1969">Fineran 1969</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Hay, C" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" pagination="861 - 872" publicationUrl="10.1080/0028825X.2004.9512935" refId="B50" refString="Hay, C, Warham, J, Fineran, B, 2004. The vegetation of The Snares, islands south of New Zealand, mapped and discussed. New Zealand Journal of Botany 42: 861 - 872, 10.1080/0028825X.2004.9512935" title="The vegetation of The Snares, islands south of New Zealand, mapped and discussed." url="10.1080/0028825X.2004.9512935" volume="42" year="2004">Hay et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Lake, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" refId="B61" refString="Lake, S, Evans, R, 2011. Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." title="Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." year="2011">Lake and Evans 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Further inland, it was also reported by
<bibRefCitation author="Fineran, BA" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand (Botany)" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="237 - 270" refId="B37" refString="Fineran, BA, 1969. The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand (Botany) 17: 237 - 270" title="The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand." volume="17" year="1969">Fineran (1969</bibRefCitation>
, p. 3) 'as uncommon... sometimes present on sites of old abandoned penguin rockeries, where it usually grew with great
<normalizedToken originalValue="vigour’">vigour'</normalizedToken>
. Brian Rance (in litt.), on a visit to the islands in 2000, found that, as with
<bibRefCitation author="Fineran, BA" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand (Botany)" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" pagination="237 - 270" refId="B37" refString="Fineran, BA, 1969. The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand (Botany) 17: 237 - 270" title="The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand." volume="17" year="1969">Fineran (1969)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was virtually confined to the north-western cliffs. More recently,
<bibRefCitation author="Lake, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" refId="B61" refString="Lake, S, Evans, R, 2011. Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." title="Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." year="2011">Lake and Evans (2011)</bibRefCitation>
failed to find it at any inland sites. All these authors and individuals noted
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as uncommon in other habitats, though a few plants have been noted near Boat Harbour growing in association with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrie" authorityYear="1906" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="astonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Poa astonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Polypodiopsida" rank="species" species="obtusatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Asplenium obtusatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
G.Forst.and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pennell" authorityYear="1921" class="Aves" family="Primobucconidae" genus="Hebe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elliptica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Hebe elliptica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in semi-open situations caused by
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hooker’s">Hooker's</normalizedToken>
sea lions (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1844" class="Mammalia" family="Otariidae" genus="Phocarctos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Carnivora" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hookeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Phocarctos hookeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gray, 1844)) (
<bibRefCitation author="Lake, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" refId="B61" refString="Lake, S, Evans, R, 2011. Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." title="Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." year="2011">Lake and Evans 2011</bibRefCitation>
; B. D. Rance pers. comm.). Very little is known about the associations of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on Kaimohu Island, though herbarium notes suggest that it grew there in association with what is probably
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juvencum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium juvencum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see comments under that species), and B. A. Fineran (pers. comm.) noted that this species was present mostly along ridge crests and above cliff faces, always in association with the feeding sites of skua. Brian Rance (in litt.) has also observed plants apparently matching
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on several of the Titi (Muttonbird) islands south west of Stewart Island, usually growing along tracks in association with
<pageBreakToken pageId="54" pageNumber="55" start="start">a</pageBreakToken>
sparse ground cover of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Apiaceae" genus="Apium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Umbelliflorae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="prostratum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Apium prostratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">prostratum</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">filiforme</emphasis>
(A.Rich.) Kirk,
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Nertera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Nertera depressa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Banks et Sol. ex Gaertn and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrie" authorityYear="1906" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="astonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Poa astonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under semi-open
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Olearia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Olearia angustifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hook.f. /
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Olearia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lyallii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Olearia lyallii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hook.f. short forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Conservation Status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
On the Snares
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occupies a very narrow habitat range scattered over four key areas and covering an area of 943 m2 (
<bibRefCitation author="Lake, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" refId="B61" refString="Lake, S, Evans, R, 2011. Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." title="Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." year="2011">Lake and Evans 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation author="Lake, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" refId="B61" refString="Lake, S, Evans, R, 2011. Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." title="Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." year="2011">Lake and Evans (2011)</bibRefCitation>
were unable to count or estimate population size stating that 'it was not possible to estimate the number of plants due to the tendency [of the species] to grow in patches and not [as] isolated
<normalizedToken originalValue="plants’">plants'</normalizedToken>
. Nevertheless, they reported 'a good mix of mature and juvenile
<normalizedToken originalValue="plants’">plants'</normalizedToken>
. Outside these islands, the status of this species on the Auckland and south-western Titi (Muttonbird) Islands is unknown. Previously,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lepidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
aff.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">oleraceum</emphasis>
(c) (CANU 5995; Snares), had been listed by
<bibRefCitation author="de Lange, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Botany" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" publicationUrl="10.1080/00288250909509794" refId="B26" refString="de Lange, PJ, Norton, DA, Courtney, SP, Heenan, PB, Barkla, JW, Cameron, EK, Hitchmough, R, Townsend, AJ, 2009. Threatened and uncommon plants New Zealand Journal of Botany 47: 61-96. ., 10.1080/00288250909509794" title="Threatened and uncommon plants New Zealand Journal of Botany 47: 61 - 96." url="10.1080/00288250909509794" year="2009">de Lange et al. (2009</bibRefCitation>
, p. 89) under Appendix 2 Taxonomically Indeterminate Listings, as 'Acutely Threatened/Nationally
<normalizedToken originalValue="Critical’">Critical'</normalizedToken>
with the qualifiers
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘IE’">'IE'</normalizedToken>
(Island Endemic) and
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘RR’">'RR'</normalizedToken>
(Range Restricted) appended. That assessment used data provided by B. D. Rance, on a visit to the Snares Islands in 2000.
<bibRefCitation author="Lake, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" refId="B61" refString="Lake, S, Evans, R, 2011. Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." title="Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." year="2011">Lake and Evans (2011)</bibRefCitation>
provided a detailed update on the information obtained by Rance during a three week stay on the Snares between September and October 2010. They concluded that the species was in good health, and much more abundant than had been believed previously. While these observations suggest that this is probably a narrow-range species secure within its Snares stronghold, we recommend retention of the current threat listing of
<bibRefCitation author="de Lange, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Botany" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" publicationUrl="10.1080/00288250909509794" refId="B26" refString="de Lange, PJ, Norton, DA, Courtney, SP, Heenan, PB, Barkla, JW, Cameron, EK, Hitchmough, R, Townsend, AJ, 2009. Threatened and uncommon plants New Zealand Journal of Botany 47: 61-96. ., 10.1080/00288250909509794" title="Threatened and uncommon plants New Zealand Journal of Botany 47: 61 - 96." url="10.1080/00288250909509794" year="2009">de Lange et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
as a precautionary measure because: 1. Accurate information about the status of this species outside the Snares is absent (i.e. it is not a Snares endemic), 2. The total area of occupancy on the Snares is &lt;1 ha (criterion A(3) in
<bibRefCitation author="Townsend, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Bioinformatics" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" refId="B86" refString="Townsend, AJ, de Lange, PJ, Norton, DA, Molloy, J, Miskelly, C, Duffy, C, 2008. The New Zealand Threat Classification System manual. Department of Conservation: Wellington. http://www.doc.govt.nz/publications/conservation/nz-threat-classification-system/nz-threat-classification-system-manual-2008/." title="The New Zealand Threat Classification System manual. Department of Conservation: Wellington. http: // www. doc. govt. nz / publications / conservation / nz-threat-classification-system / nz-threat-classification-system-manual- 2008 /" year="2008">Townsend et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
) and 3. There is still no trend data available for the species. However, to reflect the observations of
<bibRefCitation author="Lake, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Botany" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" refId="B61" refString="Lake, S, Evans, R, 2011. Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." title="Population census and monitoring of Lepidium aff. oleraceum (c) (CANU 5995; Snares Islands) on Snares Islands, October 2010. Department of Conservation File note, Invercargill." year="2011">Lake and Evans (2011)</bibRefCitation>
and our ongoing uncertainty about population trend and the status of this species outside the Snares we recommend that the addition of the qualifier
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘DP’">'DP'</normalizedToken>
(Data Poor) to the current threat listing. It should also be noted that because
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from a number of islands and island groups it does not meet the definition of
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘IE’">'IE'</normalizedToken>
in
<bibRefCitation author="Townsend, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Bioinformatics" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" refId="B86" refString="Townsend, AJ, de Lange, PJ, Norton, DA, Molloy, J, Miskelly, C, Duffy, C, 2008. The New Zealand Threat Classification System manual. Department of Conservation: Wellington. http://www.doc.govt.nz/publications/conservation/nz-threat-classification-system/nz-threat-classification-system-manual-2008/." title="The New Zealand Threat Classification System manual. Department of Conservation: Wellington. http: // www. doc. govt. nz / publications / conservation / nz-threat-classification-system / nz-threat-classification-system-manual- 2008 /" year="2008">Townsend et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limenophylax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lepidium limenophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also should be qualified
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘CD’">'CD'</normalizedToken>
(Conservation Dependent) because the largest known population occurs within a Nature Reserve and World Heritage site (The Snares) where it is vulnerable to the spread of disease, weed and rat incursions, all of which would have a profound impact on its long-term security. Because of these threats, which put at risk not only the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lepidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but all other Snares terrestrial biota, access to the islands is strictly controlled by the New Zealand Department of Conservation, which also undertakes regular biosecurity inspections of the island group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>