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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.154.49615" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c86f103e-babe-46e6-a365-e3c667dc6f28" ID-PMC="PMC7419342" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-154-57" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3FD061C9330A5AADAAB6E037B9B0A8E9" ID-PubMed="32848499" ModsDocID="1314-2003-154-57" checkinTime="1596605196416" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Morales-Fierro, Vanezza, Munoz-Schick, Melica &amp; Moreira-Munoz, Andres" docDate="2020" docId="F0141176B0D35920891CA6BEF063A1CE" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 154: 57-102" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 154" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.154.49615" docTitle="Schizanthus carlomunozii Morales-Fierro &amp; Muñoz-Schick &amp; Moreira-Muñoz 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="3FD061C9330A5AADAAB6E037B9B0A8E9" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="3FD061C9330A5AADAAB6E037B9B0A8E9" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of Schizanthus Ruiz &amp; Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1668139912449" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Synopsis of Schizanthus Ruiz &amp; Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Morales-Fierro, Vanezza</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Independent researcher. Avenida Vicuna Mackenna Oriente 6640, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Munoz-Schick, Melica</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Moreira-Munoz, Andres</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Geografia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Avenida Brasil 2241, Valparaiso, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">andres.moreira@pucv.cl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number>154</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="166095721" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F0141176B0D35920891CA6BEF063A1CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0141176B0D35920891CA6BEF063A1CE" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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14.
<taxonomicName LSID="F0141176-B0D3-5920-891C-A6BEF063A1CE" authority="V. Morales &amp; Muñoz-Schick" authorityName="Morales-Fierro &amp; Muñoz-Schick &amp; Moreira-Muñoz" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Schizanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizanthus carlomunozii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carlomunozii" status="sp. nov.">
Schizanthus carlomunozii V.Morales &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz-Schick">Munoz-Schick</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="57">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Differs from all other species in the genus in its large flowers with a very distinctive pattern on the upper lip of the corolla, where distinct spots cover the margins of the middle and lateral lobes.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
Chile. Coquimbo: Carretera Panamericana, entre la Quebrada de El Teniente a Talinay, 21 Aug 1963,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
C.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
&amp; E. Sierra s.n.
</emphasis>
(holotype: SGO! [acc. #075670]; isotype: SGO! [acc. #075671]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="486E449A6E1E862BE63D2F8163FD11FC">Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="A09A8329EA510A95C5FEBD821A5F4B0C" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7C17602870541B73A549CC1F2CA16205" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName id="3DB603D72A9D96F710E8C470265A6F0D" ID-CoL="ZRPJ" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Crucianella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maritima" status="spec. nov.">Crucianella maritima</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="48703FA42CDC01538D0BC29B35CAC22D" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7FD91E81BF7451C576CA73700C0F7084" type="description">
<paragraph id="1CF3E5BB519D0D3A772EF6E8914F5CFC" pageNumber="109">3. Crucianella procumbens, foliis quaternis, floribus subverti-cillatis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D56076E3A77D07C20B8EDDB586F665E4" pageNumber="109">
Crucianella erecta, foliis quaternis, corolla ad folem connivente.
<emphasis id="716D022A09877CD045D98CEBA0763BFB" italics="true">Sauv. monsp. 164.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3BBDC9C0D2A9816ED9BBF7F37741AEC5" pageNumber="109">
Rubia maritima.
<emphasis id="8B8B701F1B344ECB85BAAE49E2F02920" italics="true">Bauh. pin. 334. Dod. pempt. 357.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08D6EC4D666886CBE9A5AFC0AAC3B06D" pageNumber="109">
Rubia s. Aparine spicata cretensis.
<emphasis id="2FEBC87429225F8EE60A573839EDF7D7" italics="true">Clus. hist. 2. p.176.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F7532F35ACAE2335F2F13FE84E2E4EB2" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="1BDDFAE816EBF242365246E97326F30C" italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
Creta
<emphasis id="9905D981E4CD421A734D2F7EE21A86CF" italics="true">&amp;</emphasis>
Monspelii
<emphasis id="D52BD80EBD9BEEFC49DA03C0497AC076" italics="true">. D. Sauvages.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.96639" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1139-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A2C101C84CB5568A92BA5F0DB93564D2" ID-ZooBank="0A828EAE0A7E4EF690869572E8F15E21" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1139-33" checkinTime="1673408730709" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gao, Zhizhong, Hou, Yanmeng &amp; Zhang, Feng" docDate="2023" docId="F0146FACDC6153C7B94AEB39A66ACC9A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1139: 33-69" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1139" docPubDate="2023-01-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1139.96639" docTitle="Allochthonius Chamberlin 1929" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="A2C101C84CB5568A92BA5F0DB93564D2" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="A2C101C84CB5568A92BA5F0DB93564D2" masterDocTitle="Four new species of cave-adapted pseudoscorpions (Pseudoscorpiones, Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from Guizhou, China" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1673408730709" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>Four new species of cave-adapted pseudoscorpions (Pseudoscorpiones, Pseudotyrannochthoniidae) from Guizhou, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Gao, Zhizhong</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-8746</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou, Shanxi 034000, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Hou, Yanmeng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Feng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-1031</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F0146FACDC6153C7B94AEB39A66ACC9A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0146FACDC6153C7B94AEB39A66ACC9A" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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Genus
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="S85" ID-ENA="534937" LSID="F0146FAC-DC61-53C7-B94A-EB39A66ACC9A" authority="Chamberlin, 1929" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1929" class="Arachnida" family="Pseudotyrannochthoniidae" genus="Allochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allochthonius" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Allochthonius Chamberlin, 1929</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ellingsen" authorityYear="1907" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chthonius opticus" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opticus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Chthonius opticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ellingsen, 1907, by original designation.
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</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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DESCRIPTION OF
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<emphasis id="4AC9EA907F5C5779637CFDC556D8CC0F" bold="true" box="[1072,1437,600,629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="275">FLAVOBACTERIUM NIVEUM</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="BFBD4D017F5C57796477FD375778CCBB" authorityName="Chen &amp; Chen &amp; Young &amp; Sheu" authorityYear="2019" box="[827,1085,682,705]" class="Flavobacteriia" family="Flavobacteriaceae" genus="Flavobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Flavobacteriales" pageId="4" pageNumber="275" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="niveum">
<emphasis id="4AC9EA907F5C57796477FD375778CCBB" box="[827,1085,682,705]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="275">Flavobacterium niveum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ni′ ve.um. L. neut. adj.
<taxonomicName id="BFBD4D017F5C57796226FD3756FDCCBB" authorityName="Chen &amp; Chen &amp; Young &amp; Sheu" authorityYear="2019" box="[1386,1464,682,705]" class="Flavobacteriia" family="Flavobacteriaceae" genus="Flavobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Flavobacteriales" pageId="4" pageNumber="275" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="niveum">
<emphasis id="4AC9EA907F5C57796226FD3756FDCCBB" box="[1386,1464,682,705]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="275">niveum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
white, referring to the white bacterial colony).
</paragraph>
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Cells are Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic and rodshaped. No flagellum is detected. Gliding motility is observed. Cells grow well on R2A agar, nutrient agar, Luria-Bertani agar and trypticase soy agar. After 48 h of incubation on R2A agar at 25
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C, the mean cell size is 0.5–0.7 µm wide and 0.8–2.0 µm long. Colonies on R2A agar are white, convex and circular with regular margins. The colony size is approximately 1.0–
<quantity id="BF459B677F5C57796347FC50571FCD9F" box="[1035,1114,973,997]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="275" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter after 48 h at 25
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C. Growth occurs at 15–30
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C (optimum, 20
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C), at pH 6–8 (optimum, pH 7) and with 0–2 % NaCl (optimum, 0.5 %). Positive for oxidase and catalase activities and hydrolysis of starch, DNA and Tween 80. Negative for hydrolysis of casein, CM-cellulose, chitin, lecithin, corn oil and Tweens 20, 40 and 60. Flexirubin-type pigments are not produced and
<collectingCountry id="00AA76127F5C57796421FB3950F1CAC6" box="[877,948,1188,1212]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="275">Congo</collectingCountry>
red is not absorbed by colonies. In API 20NE tests, positive for aesculin and gelatin hydrolysis, b- galactosidase activity and assimilation of glucose, arabinose, mannose and maltose; negative for nitrate reduction, indole production, D- glucose acidification, arginine dihydrolase and urease activities and assimilation of mannitol,
<emphasis id="4AC9EA907F5C5779621BFAA2562FCB2C" box="[1367,1386,1343,1366]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="275">N</emphasis>
-acetylglucosamine, gluconate, caprate, adipate, malate, citrate and phenyl-acetate. In the API ZYM kit, alkaline phosphatase, C4 esterase, C8 esterase lipase, leucine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, trypsin, acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, a- galactosidase, b-galactosidase, a- glucosidase and b- glucosidase activities are present, but C14 lipase, a- chymotrypsin, b- glucuronidase,
<emphasis id="4AC9EA907F5C57796477F9A9500BC831" box="[827,846,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="275">N</emphasis>
-acetyl-b- glucosaminidase, a- mannosidase and a- fucosidase activities are absent. The following compounds are utilized as sole carbon sources in the GN2 microplate: dextrin, glycogen, cellobiose, L- fucose, gentiobiose, D- glucose, lactose, maltose,
<subScript id="E43934C77F5C5779649DF92950A3C8BF" attach="right" box="[977,998,1710,1733]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="275">D-</subScript>
mannose, melibiose, sucrose, trehalose, turanose, succinic acid monomethylester, acetic acid, DL- lactic acid, D- alanine, L- alanine, L- alanyl glycine, L- asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L- glutamic acid, glycyl-L- aspartic acid, glycyl-L- glutamic acid, L- histidine, L- ornithine, L- proline, L-serine, L- threonine, urocanic acid, inosine, uridine and thymidine. All other substrates in the GN2 microplate are not utilized. The predominant fatty acids (&gt;10 % of the total fatty acids) are summed feature 3 (C
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6
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and/or C
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<emphasis id="4AC9EA907F5D57786735FF4653CCCE97" box="[121,137,219,237]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="276">Ɯ</emphasis>
7
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), iso-C
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and C
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. The major hydroxyl fatty acids (&gt;5 %) are iso-C
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3-OH. The only respiratory quinone is MK-6. The polar lipid profile consists of phosphatidylethanolamine, three uncharacterized aminophospholipids, one uncharacterized phospholipid and one uncharacterized lipid. Homospermidine is the major polyamine, and putrescine and spermidine are minor components.
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*Summed features are groups of two or three fatty acids that are treated together for the purpose of evaluation in the MIDI system and include both peaks with discrete ECLs as well as those where the ECLs are not reported separately. Summed feature 3 was listed as C16: 1
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6
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and/or C16: 1
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7
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.
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The
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strain is TAPW14
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(=BCRC 81055
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=LMG 30057
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=KCTC 52808
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), isolated from the water of
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in
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,
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. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence is
<accessionNumber id="67EEAB617F5D57786735FDA853A3CC37" box="[121,230,565,589]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LT703450" pageId="5" pageNumber="276">LT703450</accessionNumber>
. The DNA G+C content of the type strain is 46.0 mol%
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.
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<bibCitation author="Linnaeus" pagination="478" title="Mespilus pyracantha" volumeTitle="Species Plantarum 1" year="1753">
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<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Mespilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyracantha">
<emphasis bold="true" pageNumber="671">Mespilus pyracantha</emphasis>
Linnaeus
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,
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1
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<paragraph pageNumber="671">&quot;Habitat in Galloprovinciae, Italiae sepibus.&quot; RCN: 3654.</paragraph>
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(
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Garmendia &amp; Aedo in
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47: 171. 1998): Herb. Burser XXIV: 8 (
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Current name:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="672">
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M. Roem.
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(
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Garmendia &amp; Aedo typified the name in a proposal to conserve
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M. Roem.
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<mods:namePart>Chatzigeorgiou, Georgios</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Galil, Bella S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number>150</mods:number>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Prosphaerosyllis_chauseyensis" authority="Olivier, Grant, San Martin, Archambault &amp; McKindsey, 2011" authorityName="Olivier, Grant, San Martin, Archambault &amp; McKindsey" authorityYear="2011" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">
Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis Olivier, Grant, San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
, Archambault &amp; McKindsey, 2011
</taxonomicName>
Figs 45
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="287" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
Olivier et al., 2011, figs 1-3a, b.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="287" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Haifa Bay, Israel: ALA-IL-8 (12 ind.) [coll. 31.5.2009]; ALA-IL-1 (23 ind.), ALA-IL-2 (4 ind.), ALA-IL-5 (1 ind.), ALA-IL-7 (73 ind.), ALA-IL-8 (24 ind.), ALA-IL-9 (68 ind.), ALA-IL-10 (99 ind.) [coll. 11.10.2009].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="287" type="comparative material examined">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Comparative material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Sphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerosyllis brevicirra" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brevicirra">Sphaerosyllis brevicirra</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
, 1960 (Zoological Museum Hamburg, Holotype P-17566, Ghardaqa, Red Sea: 1 individual [Label:
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Sphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerosyllis brevicirra" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brevicirra">Sphaerosyllis brevicirra</taxonomicName>
n. sp., Ghardaqa (Rot. Meer) (Typ), 29.3.56, coll. Remane/Schulz]);
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
National
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Histoire">d'Histoire</normalizedToken>
Naturelle, Paris, Holotype MNHN POLY TYPE 1524, Chausey Islands, France: 1 individual [Label: HOLOTYPE MNHN Paris 1524, Chausey,
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Prosphaerosyllis</taxonomicName>
sp. A, (5 ind. for SEM +Holotype), C1AM et C3AV]).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="287">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">
Figure 4.
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
, pygidium (Israeli material).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="287">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">
Figure 5.
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
, anterior (A) and posterior (B) dorsal cirri (Israeli material).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="287" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Chausey Islands, Normandy (north-east Atlantic).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="287" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">North-east Atlantic (Normandy), Mediterranean Sea: LB. New record for the Mediterranean Sea.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="287" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Until 13 m depth, in medium to very coarse sand.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="287" type="reproduction">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Reproduction.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Three specimens collected at Station ALA-IL-8 on 31 May 2009 with egg capsules attached near dorsal cirri on midbody chaetigers.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="288" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="287">
The specimens from Israel agree well with the specimens from Normandy, however, the Mediterranean specimens differ from the Holotype in: a) Papillation pattern: each segment with one papilla between dorsal cirri and four papillae, situated dorso-laterally and ventro-laterally on each side of parapodium, most developed in posterior chaetigers, from mid-body additional papillae arranged in two very irregular lines along middle of dorsum, increasing in length towards posterior end (ca. 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
posteriorly). Ventrally 2 smaller (about half the size of dorsal papillae) papillae in middle of ventrum at posterior end of each segment. Specimens from Normandy have an irregular papillation pattern, but papillation is more distinct laterally, as in specimens from Israel; b) Length of anal cirri: about 125
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, ca. 2.5-3 times length of posterior dorsal cirri (Fig. 4) (the anal cirri are broken in the holotype and the large lateral anal papillae might have been erroneously regarded as anal cirri in the original description). Specimens from both locations have anterior dorsal cirri with two papillae (dorsal and ventral) and posterior dorsal cirri only with dorsal papilla (Fig. 5, not reported by
<bibRefCitation author="Olivier, F" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Marina" pageId="18" pageNumber="299" title="Syllidae (Annelida: Polychaeta: Phyllodocida) from the Chausey Archipelago (English Channel, France), with a description of two new species of the Exogoninae Prosphaerosyllis. Marine Biodiversity: Online First." url="10.1007/s12526-011-0092-1" year="2011">Olivier et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="288" pageId="6" pageNumber="287">
Individuals identified by
<bibRefCitation author="Ben-Eliahu, MN" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Zoology" pageId="17" pageNumber="298" pagination="59 - 99" title="Polychaete cryptofauna from rims of similar intertidal vermetid reefs on the Mediterranean coast of Israel and in the Gulf of Elat: Exogoninae and Autolytinae (Polychaeta Errantia: Syllidae)." volume="26" year="1977 a">Ben-Eliahu (1977a)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Sphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerosyllis tetralix" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tetralix">Sphaerosyllis tetralix</taxonomicName>
Eliason, 1920, from the Gulf of Elat and the Mediterranean Sea might in fact belong to
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
. The description and illustrations agree with many characteristics of
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
, including the characteristic papilla on the dorsal cirri. However, Ben-Eliahu reports the species to have palps widely separated anteriorly (fused in
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="287" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
), do
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="288" start="start">rsum</pageBreakToken>
with four longitudinal rows of papillae (irregular rows in
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="288" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
) and the proventriculum stretching through 4 chaetigers (5 in
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="288" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
). The material of the species described by Ben-Eliahu could not be examined during this study, therefore it can only tentatively be assigned to
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Prosphaerosyllis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="288" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chauseyensis">Prosphaerosyllis chauseyensis</taxonomicName>
.
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Current name:
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Linnaeus
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,
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<volumeTitle id="021B259DDC0C6EB71E5FE4A5F003B1EE">Mantissa Plantarum Altera</volumeTitle>
</emphasis>
: 182. 1771
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</treatmentCitation>
.
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</subSubSection>
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&quot;Habitat in
<taxonomicName id="60E924ECD71D89B628E73E3C70969812" authorityName="A.Nageswara Rao" authorityYear="1999" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="India" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">India</taxonomicName>
orientali. Koenig.&quot; RCN: 435.
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<paragraph id="2C46CA173465BCCA114B8FC7D1559915" pageNumber="829">
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<typeStatus id="27F45E5648534CE32584FDA1457B5D0D">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(Clarke in
<emphasis id="79EA6578CB0CE4953859A11905E4D2DA" italics="true" pageNumber="829">J. Linn. Soc., Bot.</emphasis>
30: 314. 1894): Herb. Linn. No. 71.51 (
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)
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.
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Current name:
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<emphasis id="08429AF00C3B91CD200641C9FD3A9E2D" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="829">Fuirena ciliaris</emphasis>
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(L.) Roxb. var.
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(
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).
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<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FF2FB872FEF6FAB1" bold="true" box="[151,365,1309,1335]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Euglossa milenae</emphasis>
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described
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<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FDBDB82CFD47FADA" box="[517,732,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Euglossa milenae</emphasis>
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from
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, with a large geographic distribution that included northern South
<collectingCountry id="00AA0FABFFBC4A31FE78B807FDB2FA04" box="[448,553,1384,1410]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">America</collectingCountry>
, Central
<collectingCountry id="00AA0FABFFBC4A31FD2EB807FD64FA04" box="[662,767,1384,1410]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">America</collectingCountry>
, and
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(states of Pará, in the Amazon, and Espírito Santo, in the Atlantic Forest). The record of
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<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FD73B8E2FCFBFA20" box="[715,864,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Eg. milenae</emphasis>
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for the Atlantic Forest was based on a single specimen deposited at Moure’s Collection, at Universidade Federal do Paraná (
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). Nevertheless, this species was not included in my list of species occurring in the Atlantic Forest (
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), due to the following reasons: “I could not study the single male from Espírito Santo, deposited at UFPR (Curitiba), and could not find this species among the hundreds of males from Espírito Santo I examined. I exclude this species from the Atlantic Forest species list until future studies confirm its presence” (
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). The males collected in Alagoas and here treated as
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are indistinguishable from the
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, which I studied, and from a
<typeStatus id="A706F199FFBC4A31FE4EBBFDFDFBF92A" box="[502,608,1682,1708]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from the
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locality generously donated to me by B. Bembé and currently deposited at the Entomological Collections of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Even details of general coloration, as the strong blue clypeus, are alike (see photographs of the
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in
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: 26). This species showed a preference for the largest and best preserved forest remnant of Serra da Bananeira at ESEC Murici (see
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), suggesting it has some dependence on well-preserved environments.
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<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFBC4A31FF7EBE7DFE22FCAD" ID-CoL="3C78W" box="[198,441,786,811]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FF7EBE7DFE22FCAD" box="[198,441,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Euglossa amazonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a widespread species in the Amazon Basin (
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFBC4A31FC5DBE7DFB06FCAA" author="Dressler" box="[997,1181,786,812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refString="Dressler, R. L. (1982 b) New species of Euglossa IV. The cordata and purpurea species groups. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30, 141 - 150." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="b">Dressler 1982b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFBC4A31FB12BE7DFA0CFCAA" author="Ramirez" box="[1194,1431,786,812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refString="Ramirez, S., Dressler, R. L. &amp; Ospina, M. (2002) Abejas Euglosina (Hymenoptera: Apidae) de la region neotropical: listado de especies con notas sobre su biologia. Biota Colombiana, 3, 7 - 118." type="journal article" year="2002">
Ramírez
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FAADBE7DFACAFCAD" box="[1301,1361,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFBC4A31FF2FBE57FE40FCD4" author="Nemesio" box="[151,475,824,850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refString="Nemesio, A. &amp; Silveira, F. A. (2007 b) Diversity and distribution of orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) with a revised checklist of their species. Neotropical Entomology, 36, 874 - 888." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="b">Nemésio &amp; Silveira 2007b</bibRefCitation>
) and its easternmost record seems to be the state of Maranhão, misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFBC4A31FF2FBE32FEF7FCF0" ID-CoL="6GW9G" box="[151,364,861,886]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FF2FBE32FEF7FCF0" box="[151,364,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Euglossa truncata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(discussed by
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFBC4A31FDA1BE32FD5CFCF1" author="Nemesio" box="[537,711,861,887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refString="Nemesio, A. (2009) Orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Zootaxa, 2041, 1 - 242." type="journal article" year="2009">Nemésio 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 159). The present record extends its known distribution more than 2,000 Km eastwards. It should be stressed that the specimens from ESEC Murici here identified as
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFBC4A31FACCBEEDFE80FC47" ID-CoL="3C78W" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FACCBEEDFE80FC47" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Eg. amazonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are morphologically indistinguishable from specimens of this species from the Amazon. The possibility that this Atlantic Forest population might represent a distinct species should not be discarded, however. Concerning orchid bees, this is the second “Amazonian element” found at ESEC Murici, the first of them being
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFBC4A31FE9EB977FE7EFBB7" ID-CoL="3C9HK" box="[294,485,1048,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Eulaema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felipei">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FE9EB977FE7EFBB7" box="[294,485,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Eulaema felipei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, closely related to the Amazonian
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFBC4A31FC36B977FABEFBB4" ID-CoL="6H825" authority="Friese, 1899" authorityName="Friese" authorityYear="1899" box="[910,1317,1048,1074]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Eulaema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mocsaryi">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FC36B977FBF4FBB7" box="[910,1135,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Eulaema mocsaryi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFBC4A31FB38B977FA87FBB4" author="Friese" box="[1152,1308,1048,1074]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refString="Friese, H. (1899) Monographie der Bienengattung Euglossa Latr. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek, 22, 117 - 172." type="journal article" year="1899">Friese, 1899</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFBC4A31FA89B977FF7AFBD1" author="Nemesio" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refString="Nemesio, A. (2009) Orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Zootaxa, 2041, 1 - 242." type="journal article" year="2009">Nemésio (2009</bibRefCitation>
: 208, 2010: 56–58) has already stressed that some orchid-bee species occurring in both Amazon and Atlantic forests which seem to be highly dependent on densely forested areas may represent different species, but morphologically very difficult to be distinguished or even indistinguishable at all. The Atlantic Forest population of
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFBC4A31FEFDB9C2FE60FB40" ID-CoL="3C78W" box="[325,507,1197,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FEFDB9C2FE60FB40" box="[325,507,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Eg. amazonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be the newest member of this group of species. Future studies on molecular biology may help elucidating this possibility.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="78024F3BFFBC4A31FF2FBA1DFDBCF80A" blockId="7.[151,1436,1906,2007]" box="[151,551,1906,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="234AF857FFBC4A31FF2FBA1DFDBCF80A" bold="true" box="[151,551,1906,1932]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFBC4A31FF2FBA1DFDBCF80A" ID-CoL="3C78X" authority="Westwood, 1840" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,551,1906,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FF2FBA1DFDBCF80A" bold="true" box="[151,551,1906,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FF2FBA1DFECDF80A" bold="true" box="[151,342,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Euglossa analis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFBC4A31FEE5BA1DFDBCF80A" author="Westwood" box="[349,551,1906,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1840) Foreign Bees. Pp. 260 - 301. In: Duncan, J. (Ed.) The Natural History of Bees, in W. Jardine (ed.) The Naturalist's Library. Lizars, Edinburgh." type="book chapter" year="1840">Westwood, 1840</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="30A71CB0FFBC4A3EFF7EBAF7FAB4FA04" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="78024F3BFFBC4A3EFF7EBAF7FDE6FE31" blockId="7.[151,1436,1906,2007]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,152,1410]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFBC4A31FF7EBAF7FE1AF837" ID-CoL="3C78X" box="[198,385,1944,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FF7EBAF7FE1AF837" box="[198,385,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Euglossa analis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a widespread species in both the Amazon Basin and the Atlantic Forest. Nonetheless, it has been treated as a species highly dependent on large and densely forested areas (
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFBC4A31FBC0BAD2FA03F851" author="Tonhasca" box="[1144,1432,1981,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refString="Tonhasca Jr., A., Blackmer; J. L. &amp; Albuquerque, G. S. (2002 a) Abundance and diversity of euglossine bees in the fragmented landscape of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Biotropica, 34, 416 - 422." type="journal article" year="2002">
Tonhasca Jr.
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFBC4A31FAADBAD2FACAF850" box="[1301,1361,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFF2FBDF7FE6BFF34" author="Nemesio" box="[151,496,152,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Nemesio, A. &amp; Silveira, F. A. (2006 b) Edge effects on the orchid-bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae) at a large remnant of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. Neotropical Entomology, 35, 313 - 323." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="b">Nemésio &amp; Silveira 2006b</bibRefCitation>
). In the Atlantic Forest, this species was recorded from southern Bahia to northeastern São Paulo, always in large preserves of forest [&gt;10,000 ha;
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFB9FBDD2FBCFFF50" box="[1063,1108,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">e.g.</emphasis>
, (i) Reserva Natural Vale, Linhares, Espírito Santo (
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFE74BD8DFD54FF7A" author="Bonilla-Gomez" box="[460,719,226,252]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Bonilla-Gomez, M. A. (1999) Caracterizacao da Estrutura Espaco-temporal da Comunidade de Abelhas Euglossinas (Hymenoptera, Apidae) na Hileia Bahiana. Ph. D. Dissertation. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, xii + 153 pp." type="book" year="1999">Bonilla-Gómez 1999</bibRefCitation>
), (ii) Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, Sooretama, Espírito Santo (A. Nemésio, unpub. data), (iii) Parque Estadual do Desengano, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro (
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFF42BC42FD8FFEC1" author="Tonhasca" box="[250,532,301,327]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Tonhasca Jr., A., Blackmer; J. L. &amp; Albuquerque, G. S. (2002 a) Abundance and diversity of euglossine bees in the fragmented landscape of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Biotropica, 34, 416 - 422." type="journal article" year="2002">
Tonhasca Jr.
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFE2CBC42FE55FEC0" box="[404,462,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
), (iv) Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Ubatuba, São Paulo (
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFB67BC42FA14FEC1" author="Nemesio" box="[1247,1423,301,327]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Nemesio, A. (2009) Orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Zootaxa, 2041, 1 - 242." type="journal article" year="2009">Nemésio 2009</bibRefCitation>
), (v) Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, Marliéria, Minas Gerais (
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFCEABC3DFB08FEEA" author="Nemesio" box="[850,1171,338,364]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Nemesio, A. &amp; Silveira, F. A. (2006 b) Edge effects on the orchid-bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae) at a large remnant of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. Neotropical Entomology, 35, 313 - 323." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="b">Nemésio &amp; Silveira 2006b</bibRefCitation>
), (vi) Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal, Porto Seguro, Bahia (A. Nemésio, unpub. data), (vii) Parque Nacional do Descobrimento, Prado, Bahia (A. Nemésio, unpub. data)].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78024F3BFFB34A3EFF7DBCADFDF3FBFA" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1410]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
This is the northernmost record of this species in the Atlantic Forest domain, extending its geographic distribution over 1,000 Km northwards compared to its previous known occurrence (southern Bahia) and also the smallest forest patch where this species has ever been recorded. The occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFB34A3EFB04BF62FAE5FDA0" ID-CoL="3C78X" box="[1212,1406,525,550]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFB04BF62FAE5FDA0" box="[1212,1406,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Euglossa analis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at ESEC Murici, together with other potentially forest dependent species such as
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFB34A3EFB84BF5DFB6EFDCD" ID-CoL="3C9HK" box="[1084,1269,562,587]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Eulaema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felipei">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFB84BF5DFB6EFDCD" box="[1084,1269,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Eulaema felipei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFB34A3EFA88BF5DFF70FDF7" ID-CoL="3C7DZ" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roubiki">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFA88BF5DFF70FDF7" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Euglossa roubiki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, reinforces the suggestion that this area has a very important strategic role concerning the conservation of orchid bees in northeastern
<collectingCountry id="00AA0FABFFB34A3EFDBDBF12FDC9FD11" box="[517,594,637,663]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. Moreover, it also shed some light on biogeography, especially on the discussion on the possible routes used by orchid bees when the two largest forested biomes of South
<collectingCountry id="00AA0FABFFB34A3EFA8FBFCDFA07FD3A" box="[1335,1436,674,700]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">America</collectingCountry>
were connected. Although it is highly accepted that a connection between the Amazon and the Atlantic forest existed via northeastern
<collectingCountry id="00AA0FABFFB34A3EFE75BF82FD81FC81" box="[461,538,749,775]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFD95BF82FDC0FC80" box="[557,603,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">e.g.</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFDD4BF82FC60FC81" author="Coimbra-Filho" box="[620,1019,749,775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Coimbra-Filho, A. F. &amp; Camara, I. G. (1996) Os Limites Originais do Bioma Mata Atlantica na Regiao Nordeste do Brasil. FBCN, Rio de Janeiro. 86 pp." type="book" year="1996">Coimbra-Filho &amp; Câmara 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFBB2BF82FB0AFC81" author="Vivo" box="[1034,1169,749,775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Vivo, M. (1997) Mammalian evidence of historical ecological change in the Caatinga semiarid vegetation of northeastern Brazil. Journal of Comparative Biology, 2, 65 - 73." type="journal article" year="1997">Vivo 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFB27BF82FAAAFC81" author="Costa" box="[1183,1329,749,775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Costa, L. P. (2003) The historical bridge between the Amazon and the Atlantic Forest of Brazil: a study of molecular phylogeography with small mammals. Journal of Biogeography, 30, 71 - 86." type="journal article" year="2003">Costa 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFA87BF82FEE8FCAA" author="Vivo" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Vivo, M. &amp; Carmignotto, A. P. (2004) Holocene vegetation change and the mammal faunas of South America and Africa. Journal of Biogeography, 31, 943 - 957." type="journal article" year="2004">Vivo &amp; Carmignotto 2004</bibRefCitation>
), other hypotheses also suggest central
<collectingCountry id="00AA0FABFFB34A3EFCFEBE7DFC15FCAA" box="[838,910,786,812]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
as an alternative route, even for orchid bees (
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFF27BE57FEDCFCD4" author="Dressler" box="[159,327,824,850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Dressler, R. L. (1979) Eulaema bombiformis, E. meriana, and Mullerian mimicry in related species (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Biotropica, 11, 144 - 151." type="journal article" year="1979">Dressler 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFEEBBE57FD1BFCD4" author="Nemesio" box="[339,640,824,850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Nemesio, A. &amp; Silveira, F. A. (2004) Biogeographic notes on rare species of Euglossina (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apini) occurring in the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest. Neotropical Entomology, 33, 117 - 120." type="journal article" year="2004">Nemésio &amp; Silveira 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFD33BE57FD4CFCD4" author="Silveira" box="[651,727,824,850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Nemesio, A. &amp; Silveira, F. A. (2006 c) First record of Eulaema helvola (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) for the state of Minas Gerais: biogeographic and taxonomic implications. Neotropical Entomology, 35, 418 - 420." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="c">2006c</bibRefCitation>
; Nemésio
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFCE9BE57FC10FCD7" box="[849,907,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
2007). This record shows that the absence of
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFB34A3EFF2FBE32FE94FCF0" ID-CoL="3C78X" box="[151,271,861,886]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFF2FBE32FE94FCF0" box="[151,271,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Eg. analis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern
<collectingCountry id="00AA0FABFFB34A3EFD40BE32FCDBFCF1" box="[760,832,861,887]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
was an artifact created by the fact that appropriate habitat for this species (and other highly sensitive species) was almost entirely wiped out. The previously studied remaining forest fragments seem to be not large enough to sustain viable populations of those species highly dependent on habitats found deeply in the interior of forests. This finding shows that
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFB34A3EFB50BEA2FAF9FC60" ID-CoL="3C78X" box="[1256,1378,973,998]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFB50BEA2FAF9FC60" box="[1256,1378,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Eg. analis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and probably other sensitive species such as
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFB34A3EFD39BE9DFC60FB8A" ID-CoL="6GW7V" authority="Moure, 1970" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1970" box="[641,1019,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cognata">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFD39BE9DFCCCFB8D" box="[641,855,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Euglossa cognata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFCE7BE9DFC60FB8A" author="Moure" box="[863,1019,1010,1036]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Moure, J. S. (1970) The species of euglossine bees of Central America belonging to the subgenus Euglossella. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 42, 148 - 157." type="journal article" year="1970">Moure, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(not recorded at ESEC Murici but usually found at the same areas where
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFB34A3EFDDFB977FD7BFBB7" ID-CoL="3C78X" box="[615,736,1048,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFDDFB977FD7BFBB7" box="[615,736,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Eg. analis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs), could have been once widespread in northeastern
<collectingCountry id="00AA0FABFFB34A3EFF2FB952FF44FBD1" box="[151,223,1085,1111]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
but became extinct in most of its original Atlantic Forest range, only surviving in the largeest preserves in northeastern and southeastern
<collectingCountry id="00AA0FABFFB34A3EFDA0B90DFDFFFBFA" box="[536,612,1122,1148]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78024F3BFFB34A3EFF7DB9E7FAB4FA04" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1410]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
Unfortunately, the situation faced by this area is dramatic (owners of the land where the ESEC Murici was established were not yet paid by the government; intensive land use; few personnel to patrol the area; presence of hunters, wood dealers and even an entire population of over 6,000 people established by the government around the ESEC Murici in an official program to distribute land to poor families—reviewed by Nemésio 2010). Populations of many threatened animal and plant species occurring at the area are rapidly declining (
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFF19B82CFF51FADA" box="[161,202,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">e.g.</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFF61B82DFEF7FADA" author="Olmos" box="[217,364,1346,1372]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Olmos, F. (2005) Aves ameacadas, prioridades e politicas de conservacao no Brasil. Natureza &amp; Conservacao, 3, 21 - 42." type="journal article" year="2005">Olmos 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFEC0B82DFDE9FADA" author="Tabarelli" box="[376,626,1346,1372]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Tabarelli, M., Siqueira Filho, J. A. &amp; Santos, A. M. M. (2006 a) A floresta atlantica ao norte do rio Sao Francisco. In: Porto, K. C, Almeida-Cortez, J. S. &amp; Tabarelli, M. (Eds), Diversidade biologica e conservacao da floresta atlantica ao norte do rio Sao Francisco. Ministerio do Meio Ambiente, Brasilia, pp. 23 - 37." type="book chapter" year="2006" yearSuffix="a">
Tabarelli
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFE5EB82CFDBAFADA" box="[486,545,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
2006a
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1C2C32CAFFB34A3EFDC5B82DFD16FADA" author="Tabarelli" box="[637,653,1346,1372]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" refString="Tabarelli, M., Aguiar, A. V., Grillo, A. S. &amp; Santos, A. M. M. (2006 b) Fragmentacao e perda de habitats na mata atlantica ao norte do rio Sao Francisco. In: Siqueira, J. A., Filho &amp; Leme, E. M. C. (Eds), Fragmentos da mata atlantica do nordeste: biodiversidade, conservacao e suas bromelias. Andrea Jakobson, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 81 - 99." type="book chapter" year="2006" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
) and there is no reason to believe that the same fate will not be met by the most sensitive orchid-bee species of the area, especially
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFB34A3EFCC4B807FBADFA07" ID-CoL="3C78X" box="[892,1078,1384,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFCC4B807FBADFA07" box="[892,1078,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Euglossa analis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BFBD34B8FFB34A3EFBD7B807FAB3FA07" ID-CoL="3C9HK" box="[1135,1320,1384,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Eulaema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felipei">
<emphasis id="4AC99329FFB34A3EFBD7B807FAB3FA07" box="[1135,1320,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Eulaema felipei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>