added C0
This commit is contained in:
maintenance
parent
b53d0e9610
commit
592ae70158
2305 changed files with 483706 additions and 0 deletions
166
data/C0/B5/3D/C0B53DDC701787964365265D436111BA.xml
Normal file
166
data/C0/B5/3D/C0B53DDC701787964365265D436111BA.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.429.7420" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f42b7ccf-c48e-47fc-8522-59924ed63528" ID-PMC="PMC4137296" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-429-13" ID-PubMed="25147468" ID-ZBK="794E5F42F746425F996D5C6E64F89194" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-429-13" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 429" ModsDocTitle="Replacement names and nomenclatural comments for problematic species-group names in Europe's Neogene freshwater Gastropoda. Part 2" checkinTime="1451245565474" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Neubauer, Thomas A., Harzhauser, Mathias, Kroh, Andreas, Elisavet, Georgopoulou & Mandic, Oleg" docDate="2014" docId="C0B53DDC701787964365265D436111BA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 429: 13-46" docOrigin="ZooKeys 429" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.429.7420" docTitle="Melanopsis wolfgangfischeri Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Elisavet & Mandic, 2014, nom. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="398552D7-5C9A-420E-A3E0-E749DD461172" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FF9FFFDCFF96FFA03D24E679FFB3FFA0" masterDocTitle="Replacement names and nomenclatural comments for problematic species-group names in Europe's Neogene freshwater Gastropoda. Part 2" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1668159045786" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Replacement names and nomenclatural comments for problematic species-group names in Europe's Neogene freshwater Gastropoda. Part 2</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Neubauer, Thomas A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Harzhauser, Mathias</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Kroh, Andreas</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Elisavet, Georgopoulou</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Mandic, Oleg</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>429</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>13</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>46</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.429.7420</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.429.7420</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-429-13</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">794E5F42F746425F996D5C6E64F89194</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">794E5F42F746425F996D5C6E64F89194</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152054653" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:398552D7-5C9A-420E-A3E0-E749DD461172" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C0B53DDC701787964365265D436111BA" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="16" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Taxon classification Animalia ORDO FAMILIA</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis wolfgangfischeri" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wolfgangfischeri">Melanopsis wolfgangfischeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="16">nom. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis rugosa" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rugosa">Melanopsis rugosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[Mel. Martiniana] Var. rugosa Handmann, 1887: 26, pl. 5, figs 5-7 [non Matheron, 1842].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis rugosa" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rugosa">Melanopsis rugosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Handmann;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Papp, A" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der geologischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="27" pageNumber="40" pagination="85 - 222" title="Die Molluskenfauna des Pannon des Wiener Beckens." url="http://www.biologiezentrum.at/pdf_frei_remote/MittGeolGes_44_0085-0222.pdf" volume="44" year="1953">Papp 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 136, pl. 10, figs 13-16 [non
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Matheron, PM" journalOrPublisher="Carnaud Fils, Marseille" pageId="25" pageNumber="38" title="Catalogue methodique et descriptif des corps organises fossiles du department des Bouches-du-Rhone et lieux circonvoisins. Extrait du Reportoire des travaux de la Societe de statistique de Marseille, 6." url="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5719359d/f81.image" year="1842">Matheron 1842</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis rugosa" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rugosa">Melanopsis rugosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Handmann, R" journalOrPublisher="Aschendorff, Muenster" pageId="23" pageNumber="36" title="Die fossile Conchylienfauna von Leobersdorf im Tertiaerbecken von Wien." url="http://sammlungen.ulb.uni-muenster.de/hd/content/pageview/2023144" year="1887">Handmann 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Fischer 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 23 (cum syn.) [non
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Matheron, PM" journalOrPublisher="Carnaud Fils, Marseille" pageId="25" pageNumber="38" title="Catalogue methodique et descriptif des corps organises fossiles du department des Bouches-du-Rhone et lieux circonvoisins. Extrait du Reportoire des travaux de la Societe de statistique de Marseille, 6." url="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5719359d/f81.image" year="1842">Matheron 1842</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="16" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">In honor of Wolfgang Fischer (Vienna), who greatly contributed to nomenclature and taxonomy of fossil and Recent melanopsids.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="16" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Wittmannsdorf near Leobersdorf, Austria (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Fischer 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="16" type="age">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Age.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Late Miocene (Early Pannonian, Slavonian;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Papp, A" journalOrPublisher="Institutul de cercetări, inginerie tehnologică și proiectări miniere pentru lignit, Craiova" pageId="27" pageNumber="40" url="http://www.biologiezentrum.at/pdf_frei_remote/MittGeolGes_39_41_0099-0193.pdf" year="1951">Papp 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="16" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Geological Survey Austria, Vienna, no number indicated (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Fischer 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
This taxon is a primary homonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis rugosa" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rugosa">Melanopsis rugosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Matheron, 1842 (p. 293, pl. 37, fig. 11), a fossil species from SE France.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis rugosa" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rugosa">Melanopsis rugosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Handmann, 1887 is a member of the complexly evolving
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis impressa" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="impressa">Melanopsis impressa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-species lineage in the Late Miocene Lake Pannon (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Geary, DH" journalOrPublisher="Paleobiology" pageId="22" pageNumber="35" pagination="492 - 511" title="Patterns of evolutionary tempo and mode in the radiation of Melanopsis (Gastropoda: Melanopsidae)." volume="16" year="1990">Geary 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Geary, DH" journalOrPublisher="Paleobiology" pageId="22" pageNumber="35" pagination="554 - 568" title="Body size, longevity, and growth rate in lake Pannon melanopsid gastropods and their predecessors." url="10.1666/11014.1" volume="38" year="2012">Geary et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Neubauer, TA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="26" pageNumber="39" url="10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.11.025" year="2013 a">Neubauer et al. 2013a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The morphological variability in this group resulted in the description of many names, most of which are today synonymized. While
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana" pageId="29" pageNumber="42" url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/61839/summary" year="1923 - 1930">Wenz (1929a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 2719) regarded rugosa Handmann as synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis fossilis" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fossilis">Melanopsis fossilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(which is the accepted name of "
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis martiniana" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="martiniana">Melanopsis martiniana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
"),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Papp, A" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der geologischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="27" pageNumber="40" pagination="85 - 222" title="Die Molluskenfauna des Pannon des Wiener Beckens." url="http://www.biologiezentrum.at/pdf_frei_remote/MittGeolGes_44_0085-0222.pdf" volume="44" year="1953">Papp (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lueger, JP" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der oesterreichischen geologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="25" pageNumber="38" pagination="95 - 134" title="Die Molluskenfauna aus dem Pannon (Obermiozaen) des Foelligberges (Eisenstaedter Bucht) im Burgenland (Oesterreich)." url="http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/MittGeolGes_73_0095-0134.pdf" volume="73" year="1980">Lueger (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="16">Fischer (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
treated it as separate species. As implied by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Neubauer, TA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="26" pageNumber="39" url="10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.11.025" year="2013 a">Neubauer et al. (2013a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
the validity in a biological sense of this and other species-group taxa is doubtful. Nevertheless, since many authors clearly referred to it as a separable unit, a replacement name is inevitable.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Additionally, there exists another primary homonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis rugosa" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rugosa">Melanopsis rugosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, i.e.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis lanzaeana subsp. rugosa" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="lanzaeana" subSpecies="rugosa">Melanopsis lanzaeana rugosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Brusina, 1897 from the Middle Miocene deposits of the Sinj Basin. It was synonymized with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis lanzaeana" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lanzaeana">Melanopsis lanzaeana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Neubauer, TA" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="26" pageNumber="39" pagination="201 - 237" title="Middle Miocene Freshwater Mollusks from Lake Sinj (Dinaride Lake System, SE Croatia; Langhian)." url="10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/140/201-237" volume="140" year="2011">Neubauer et al. (2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 205), who treated it as a mere morphotype and already mentioned the problem of homonymy. We therefore avoid introducing another name for this Croatian taxon, which is not used anymore.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
558
data/C0/B5/69/C0B569C5EC5F5F6896DDC3C676C0086A.xml
Normal file
558
data/C0/B5/69/C0B569C5EC5F5F6896DDC3C676C0086A.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,558 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.29.6004" ID-PMC="PMC3881348" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-29-75" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1D50FFB28D558455FFD9FFD4FF96FFFA" ID-PubMed="24399896" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576182" ModsDocID="1314-2003-29-75" checkinTime="1451251807655" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Levin, Geoffrey A." docDate="2013" docId="C0B569C5EC5F5F6896DDC3C676C0086A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 29: 75-87" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 29" docPubDate="2013-11-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.29.6004" docTitle="Drypetes alba Griseb., Nachr. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Georg-Augusts-Univ. 1: 165. 1865." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="1D50FFB28D558455FFD9FFD4FF96FFFA" lastPageNumber="81" masterDocId="1D50FFB28D558455FFD9FFD4FF96FFFA" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the New World species of Drypetes section Drypetes (Putranjivaceae) with asymmetrical fruits, including description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1668140962603" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>A synopsis of the New World species of Drypetes section Drypetes (Putranjivaceae) with asymmetrical fruits, including description of a new species</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Levin, Geoffrey A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2013-11-22</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>29</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>75</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>87</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.29.6004</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.29.6004</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-29-75</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1D50FFB28D558455FFD9FFD4FF96FFFA</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576182</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182228906" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0B569C5EC5F5F6896DDC3C676C0086A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C0B569C5EC5F5F6896DDC3C676C0086A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
1b.
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="C0B569C5-EC5F-5F68-96DD-C3C676C0086A" authority="latifolia Griseb., Nachr. Koenigl. Ges. Wiss. Georg-Augusts-Univ. 1: 165. 1865." authorityName="Griseb., Nachr. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Georg-Augusts-Univ. 1: 165. 1865." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Drypetes alba" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
Drypetes alba latifolia Griseb., Nachr.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Königl">Koenigl</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Ges. Wiss. Georg-Augusts-Univ. 1: 165. 1865.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="78" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crocea">Drypetes crocea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Poit. var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
(Griseb.)
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Arg., in A. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 456. 1866. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Poit. var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
Griseb.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. Wright" authorityYear="1870" baseAuthorityName="Griseb." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="latifolia">Drypetes latifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Griseb.) C.Wright, Anales Acad. Ci.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Méd">Med</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Habana 7: 151. 1870. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Poit. var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
Griseb.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Koelera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Koelera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">serrata</emphasis>
|
||||
Maycock, Fl. Barbad. 38. 1830. Type: No specimens cited or located [according to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Stafleu, FA" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B14" refString="Stafleu, FA, Cowan, RS, 1981. Taxonomic literature, ed. 2, vol. III: Lh-O. Bohn, Scheltema, & Holkema, Utrecht, Netherlands, 1-980. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/104137." title="Taxonomic literature, ed. 2, vol. III: Lh-O. Bohn, Scheltema, & Holkema, Utrecht, Netherlands, 1 - 980. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 104137" year="1981">Stafleu and Cowan (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Maycock probably made no herbarium; no type has ever been cited for this name].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serrata">Drypetes serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Maycock) Krug & Urb., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 354. 1892. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maycock" authorityYear="1830" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Koelera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Koelera serrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Maycock.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serrulata">Drypetes serrulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Pax & K.Hoffm. in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr., IV, 147, XV: 267. 1922, nom. superfl. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maycock" authorityYear="1830" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Koelera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Koelera serrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Maycock.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="glomerata">Drypetes glomerata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Griseb., Abh.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Königl">Koenigl</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Ges. Wiss.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Göttingen">Goettingen</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7: 75. 1857. Type: Guadeloupe.n.d.,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">E. P. Duchassaing s.n</emphasis>
|
||||
. (holotype: GOET, photo plants.jstor.org/specimen/goet006390).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="glomerata">Drypetes glomerata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Griseb. var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">genuina</emphasis>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.Arg. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 454. 1866, nom. inval. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="glomerata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Drypetes glomerata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Griseb.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="incurva">Drypetes incurva</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Arg., Linnaea 32: 82. 1863. Type: Cuba, prope Havana, 1833 (fr),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">R. de la Sagra 607</emphasis>
|
||||
(lectotype, designated here: G-DC, duplicate: K).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="glomerata">Drypetes glomerata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Griseb. var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">olivacea</emphasis>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Arg. in DC., Prodr. (DC.) 15(2): 454. 1866. Type: Cuba, 1860-1864,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">C. Wright 1929</emphasis>
|
||||
(holotype: G-DC, isotypes: BM, F, GH, K, MO, NY).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serrata">Drypetes serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Maycock) Krug & Urb.var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">olivacea</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Arg.) Krug & Urb., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 355. 1892. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="glomerata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Drypetes glomerata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Griseb. var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">olivacea</emphasis>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Arg.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="78" type="type">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Type.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
Cuba, occ., 1863 (fr),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="78">Wright 1927</emphasis>
|
||||
(lectotype, designated here: GOET003380, photo plants.jstor.org/specimen/goet003380; duplicates: GH pro parte, K pro parte, MO pro parte, NY pro parte).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="79" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Cuba, Jamaica, and the Lesser Antilles (Antigua, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Barbados).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Forests on limestone and schist, from sea level to 1100 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="phenology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Flowering October to March. Fruiting December to July.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="conservation status">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
|
||||
Least concern.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
is widespread and probably secure in Cuba and Jamaica. Its status in the Lesser Antilles is difficult to assess because of a paucity of specimens.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
|
||||
The plants I include in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been segregated into species or varieties in various ways since the middle of the 19th century (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Grisebach, AHR" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B4" refString="Grisebach, AHR, 1857. Systematische Untersuchungen Ueber die Vegetation der Karaiben, insbesondere Insel Guadeloupe. Abhandlungen der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Goettingen 7: 151-286. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109580." title="Systematische Untersuchungen Ueber die Vegetation der Karaiben, insbesondere Insel Guadeloupe. Abhandlungen der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Goettingen 7: 151 - 286. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 109580" year="1857">Grisebach 1857</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Grisebach, AHR" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B5" refString="Grisebach, AHR, 1865. Diagnosen neuer Euphorbiaceen aus Cuba. Nachrichten von der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und von der Georg-Augusts-Universitaet 1: 161-181. http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/resolveppn/?PPN=GDZPPN002510227." title="Diagnosen neuer Euphorbiaceen aus Cuba. Nachrichten von der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und von der Georg-Augusts-Universitaet 1: 161 - 181. http: // www. digizeitschriften. de / dms / resolveppn /? PPN = GDZPPN 002510227" year="1865">1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Howard, RA" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B6" refString="Howard, RA, 1989. Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Dicotyledoneae-part 2. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard Univ., Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, 1-604." title="Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Dicotyledoneae-part 2. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard Univ., Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, 1 - 604." year="1989">Howard 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Leon, H" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B8" refString="Leon, H, Alain, H, 1953. Flora de Cuba. Fernandez, Havana, 1-556." title="Flora de Cuba. Fernandez, Havana, 1 - 556." year="1953">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Alain 1953
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mueller, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B11" refString="Mueller, J, 1863. Euphorbiaceae. Vorlaeufige Mittheilungen aus dem fuer DeCandolle's Prodromus bestimmten Manuscript ueber diese Familie. Linnaea 32: 1-126. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10877." title="Euphorbiaceae. Vorlaeufige Mittheilungen aus dem fuer DeCandolle's Prodromus bestimmten Manuscript ueber diese Familie. Linnaea 32: 1 - 126. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 10877" year="1863">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1863
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mueller, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B12" refString="Mueller, J, 1866. Euphorbiaceae. In: de Candolle AP (Ed) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 15(2). Masson, Paris, 1-1286. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7166." title="Euphorbiaceae. In: de Candolle AP (Ed) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 15 (2). Masson, Paris, 1 - 1286. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 7166" year="1866">1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Pax, F" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B13" refString="Pax, F, Hoffmann, K, 1922. Euphorbiaceae-Phyllanthoideae-Phyllantheae. In: Engler A (Ed) Das Pflanzenreich, IV, 147 XV (Heft 81). 1-349. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/61957." title="Euphorbiaceae-Phyllanthoideae-Phyllantheae. In: Engler A (Ed) Das Pflanzenreich, IV, 147 XV (Heft 81). 1 - 349. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 61957" year="1922">Pax and Hoffmann 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Characters that have been used include those of the leaves (petiole length and blade color, shape, and degree of marginal serration), staminate flowers (size, pedicel length, and stamen exsertion), and pistillate flowers/fruits (pedicel length relative to fruit length, style presence/absence, and fruit size). Most of the distinctions were based on observations of the one or two specimens available to earlier workers and these disappear when more specimens are examined. For example,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Grisebach, AHR" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B4" refString="Grisebach, AHR, 1857. Systematische Untersuchungen Ueber die Vegetation der Karaiben, insbesondere Insel Guadeloupe. Abhandlungen der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Goettingen 7: 151-286. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109580." title="Systematische Untersuchungen Ueber die Vegetation der Karaiben, insbesondere Insel Guadeloupe. Abhandlungen der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Goettingen 7: 151 - 286. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 109580" year="1857">Grisebach (1857)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mueller, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B12" refString="Mueller, J, 1866. Euphorbiaceae. In: de Candolle AP (Ed) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 15(2). Masson, Paris, 1-1286. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7166." title="Euphorbiaceae. In: de Candolle AP (Ed) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 15 (2). Masson, Paris, 1 - 1286. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 7166" year="1866">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1866)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Leon, H" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B8" refString="Leon, H, Alain, H, 1953. Flora de Cuba. Fernandez, Havana, 1-556." title="Flora de Cuba. Fernandez, Havana, 1 - 556." year="1953">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Alain (1953)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
distinguished
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(equivalent to var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">alba</emphasis>
|
||||
is this treatment) from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="glomerata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes glomerata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or its synonym
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes serrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(here synonyms of var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
) on the basis of the former having staminate flowers that are more than 1 mm long borne on longer pedicels and with exserted stamens in contrast to the latter having staminate flowers that are about 1 mm long borne on short pedicels and with included stamens. These differences appear to be an artifact of flower age: specimens with immature flowers, generally with the anthers indehiscent, were called
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="glomerata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes glomerata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes serrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, whereas those bearing fully mature flowers with dehiscent anthers were called
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Pax, F" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B13" refString="Pax, F, Hoffmann, K, 1922. Euphorbiaceae-Phyllanthoideae-Phyllantheae. In: Engler A (Ed) Das Pflanzenreich, IV, 147 XV (Heft 81). 1-349. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/61957." title="Euphorbiaceae-Phyllanthoideae-Phyllantheae. In: Engler A (Ed) Das Pflanzenreich, IV, 147 XV (Heft 81). 1 - 349. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 61957" year="1922">Pax and Hoffmann (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
separated the same taxa using petiole length: 5-8 mm for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
vs. about 1 cm for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serrulata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes serrulata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the superfluous name they used for what Grisebach and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
called
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="glomerata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes glomerata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In their concept,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serrulata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes serrulata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is restricted to the Lesser Antilles whereas
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is found throughout the Greater Antilles. Measurement of specimens shows that plants from the Lesser Antilles have slightly longer petioles (7-12 mm vs. 5-10 mm) than those from farther west, but clearly the variation is great and broadly overlapping. As I treat them, the two varieties have completely overlapping petiole lengths (6-10 mm long for var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">alba</emphasis>
|
||||
vs. 5-12 mm for var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Howard, RA" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B6" refString="Howard, RA, 1989. Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Dicotyledoneae-part 2. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard Univ., Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, 1-604." title="Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Dicotyledoneae-part 2. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard Univ., Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, 1 - 604." year="1989">Howard (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reported that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes serrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which he considered to be restricted to the Lesser Antilles, had larger fruits than
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
of the Greater Antilles, but he did not provide comparative measurements. Although mature fruits of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are rarely found on herbarium specimens, those I have seen are about 12-13 mm long throughout its range. Differences in leaf color, shape, and degree of marginal serration, alone or in combination, were used by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Grisebach, AHR" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B5" refString="Grisebach, AHR, 1865. Diagnosen neuer Euphorbiaceen aus Cuba. Nachrichten von der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und von der Georg-Augusts-Universitaet 1: 161-181. http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/resolveppn/?PPN=GDZPPN002510227." title="Diagnosen neuer Euphorbiaceen aus Cuba. Nachrichten von der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und von der Georg-Augusts-Universitaet 1: 161 - 181. http: // www. digizeitschriften. de / dms / resolveppn /? PPN = GDZPPN 002510227" year="1865">Grisebach (1865)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mueller, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B12" refString="Mueller, J, 1866. Euphorbiaceae. In: de Candolle AP (Ed) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 15(2). Masson, Paris, 1-1286. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7166." title="Euphorbiaceae. In: de Candolle AP (Ed) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 15 (2). Masson, Paris, 1 - 1286. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 7166" year="1866">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1866)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
to describe new varieties based on single specimens, but these characters have been ignored by subsequent authors, presumably because they found, as I have, that these characters vary considerably even within individuals and certainly do not show consistent patterns.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">
|
||||
The only character that seems consistently to differentiate
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="79" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">alba</emphasis>
|
||||
from var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="79">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
is the presence of a style about 1 mm long in the former and its ab
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="80" start="start">sence</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
in the latter, the stigma being sessile. This character was first observed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mueller, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B11" refString="Mueller, J, 1863. Euphorbiaceae. Vorlaeufige Mittheilungen aus dem fuer DeCandolle's Prodromus bestimmten Manuscript ueber diese Familie. Linnaea 32: 1-126. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10877." title="Euphorbiaceae. Vorlaeufige Mittheilungen aus dem fuer DeCandolle's Prodromus bestimmten Manuscript ueber diese Familie. Linnaea 32: 1 - 126. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 10877" year="1863">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1863)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
when he described
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="incurva">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes incurva</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
having a sessile stigma; he later noted the same condition in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="glomerata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes glomerata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1866). I have found that all specimens from an individual island show the same condition and I have seen no intermediate specimens. Although this character is consistent geographically, in the absence of additional differences it seems too minor to support more than a varietal distinction. The distribution of the varieties is curious, with var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
found both east and west of var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">alba</emphasis>
|
||||
. DNA sequence data might elucidate this interesting distribution and clarify the evolutionary history of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="80">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Grisebach, AHR" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B5" refString="Grisebach, AHR, 1865. Diagnosen neuer Euphorbiaceen aus Cuba. Nachrichten von der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und von der Georg-Augusts-Universitaet 1: 161-181. http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/resolveppn/?PPN=GDZPPN002510227." title="Diagnosen neuer Euphorbiaceen aus Cuba. Nachrichten von der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und von der Georg-Augusts-Universitaet 1: 161 - 181. http: // www. digizeitschriften. de / dms / resolveppn /? PPN = GDZPPN 002510227" year="1865">Grisebach (1865)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
based
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Wright 1927</emphasis>
|
||||
. It has long been recognized that this collection, like many of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wright’s">Wright's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
collections, is a mixture of two species, in this case
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Krug & Urb" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lateriflora">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes lateriflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Krug, CWL" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B7" refString="Krug, CWL, Urban, I, 1892. Additamenta ad cognitionem florae Indiae occidentalis. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 15: 286-437. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/674." title="Additamenta ad cognitionem florae Indiae occidentalis. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 15: 286 - 437. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 674" year="1892">Krug and Urban 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Pax, F" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B13" refString="Pax, F, Hoffmann, K, 1922. Euphorbiaceae-Phyllanthoideae-Phyllantheae. In: Engler A (Ed) Das Pflanzenreich, IV, 147 XV (Heft 81). 1-349. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/61957." title="Euphorbiaceae-Phyllanthoideae-Phyllantheae. In: Engler A (Ed) Das Pflanzenreich, IV, 147 XV (Heft 81). 1 - 349. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 61957" year="1922">Pax and Hoffmann 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The material at GOET includes two sheets, both from the Grisebach Herbarium, and therefore presumably is the original material studied by Grisebach. These have the additional numbers 46 and 47 on the labels. The sheet labeled 46 (GOET 7917) consists of staminate and pistillate flowering branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Krug & Urb" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lateriflora">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes lateriflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the sheet labeled 47 (GOET 3380) consists of a fruiting specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
. Grisebach briefly described the leaves, staminate flowers, and fruits (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“drupa”">"drupa"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), thus he must have considered both sheets to be his new variety. In deciding which material best matches the protologue, the staminate flowers argue for GOET 7917 (
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Krug & Urb" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lateriflora">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes lateriflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)and the fruits argue for GOET 3380 (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
). However Grisebach described the leaves as being subentire. The leaves of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Krug & Urb" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lateriflora">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes lateriflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on GOET 7917 are completely entire, whereas the leaves of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
on GOET 3380 are very shallowly crenulate-serrulate. The latter sheet thus better matches the protologue of D.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">alba</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
and therefore I designate it as the lectotype.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="80">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mueller, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B11" refString="Mueller, J, 1863. Euphorbiaceae. Vorlaeufige Mittheilungen aus dem fuer DeCandolle's Prodromus bestimmten Manuscript ueber diese Familie. Linnaea 32: 1-126. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10877." title="Euphorbiaceae. Vorlaeufige Mittheilungen aus dem fuer DeCandolle's Prodromus bestimmten Manuscript ueber diese Familie. Linnaea 32: 1 - 126. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 10877" year="1863">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1863)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
based
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="incurva">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes incurva</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on two collections,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">de la Sagra 607</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Wright 593</emphasis>
|
||||
, pro parte [this collection number includes material of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="incurva">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes incurva</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(=
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">latifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Krug & Urb" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lateriflora">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes lateriflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
]. Later,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mueller, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="9" pageNumber="84" refId="B12" refString="Mueller, J, 1866. Euphorbiaceae. In: de Candolle AP (Ed) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 15(2). Masson, Paris, 1-1286. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7166." title="Euphorbiaceae. In: de Candolle AP (Ed) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 15 (2). Masson, Paris, 1 - 1286. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 7166" year="1866">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1866)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
cited only
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">de la Sagra 607</emphasis>
|
||||
under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="incurva">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes incurva</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, placing
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Wright 593</emphasis>
|
||||
under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crocea">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes crocea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Poit., a synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Krug & Urb" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lateriflora">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes lateriflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Based on the protologue of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="incurva">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Drypetes incurva</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, either sheet at G-DC could be chosen as the lectotype, but because it is not a mixed collection and therefore minimizes the potential for confusion, I designate
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">de la Sagra 607</emphasis>
|
||||
as the lectotype.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="5" pageNumber="80" type="selected specimens examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="80">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">
|
||||
CUBA.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Camagüey">Camagueey</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Banao, 300-500 m, Nov 1975 (♂ fl),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Alvarez et al. 28778</emphasis>
|
||||
(HAJB).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guantánamo">Guantanamo</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
San Antonia del Sur, Puriales de Caujeri, Sierra de Purial cerca de Arroyo, 800 m, 30 May 1982 (fr),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Bisse et al. 47259</emphasis>
|
||||
(HAJB).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Holguín">Holguin</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Sierra de Nipe, prope
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Piloto, 350 m, 16 Dec 1915 (♂ fl),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Ekman 6694</emphasis>
|
||||
(F, K, NY, U, US).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Isla de la Juventud:</emphasis>
|
||||
Caleta Cocodrilos, 8 Mar 1916 (fr),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Britton et al. 15305</emphasis>
|
||||
(CM, F, NY, US).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Matanzas:</emphasis>
|
||||
Cienega, Peninsula de Zapata, montes al norte de Sto.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tomás">Tomas</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 19 Apr 1977 (fr),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Bisse et al. 34469</emphasis>
|
||||
(HAJB).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">
|
||||
Pinar del
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
La
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guásima">Guasima</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Rangel, Jan 1950 (♀ fl),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Liogier 1261</emphasis>
|
||||
(GH, US).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">
|
||||
Sancti
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Spíritus">Spiritus</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Trinidad Mountains, Arroyo Grande, 650-750 m, 11-12 Mar 1910 (fr),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Britton &Wilson 5459</emphasis>
|
||||
(F, NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Santiago de Cuba:</emphasis>
|
||||
Bayate, 20 Feb 1917 (fr),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="80">Ekman 8544</emphasis>
|
||||
(F, K, LL, NY, U, US).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="81">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="81">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="81" start="start">Jamaica</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
. Trelawny:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Boothe district, ca. 3 mi. north of Troy, 1600 m, 14 Mar 1955 (♀ fl, fr),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="81">Proctor 9956</emphasis>
|
||||
(NY, US).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="81">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="81">Antigua and Barbuda. Antigua:</emphasis>
|
||||
environs de St. Jean, Dec 1902 (♂ fl),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="81">Duss 80</emphasis>
|
||||
(NY).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="81">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="81">Guadeloupe.</emphasis>
|
||||
Marie-Galante, bois de Folle-Anse, 1896 (fr),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="81">Duss 3628</emphasis>
|
||||
(F, MO pro parte, NY, US pro parte).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="81">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="81">Martinique.</emphasis>
|
||||
Morne Saint-Martin, pied de la montagne
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pelée">Pelee</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1878 (♂ fl),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="81">Duss 50</emphasis>
|
||||
(NY).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
106
data/C0/B5/6E/C0B56E2DDC1112AAD727DCBC16260984.xml
Normal file
106
data/C0/B5/6E/C0B56E2DDC1112AAD727DCBC16260984.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
|
|||
<document id="2DC38EC5D89DA1C9058AFEEF7298E2E6" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.436.5766" ID-GBIF-Dataset="98a29d0e-9fe9-4c50-987f-af6ca70f9f5d" ID-PMC="PMC4155720" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-436-1" ID-PubMed="25197208" ID-ZooBank="4AE52FD68CF948DCAA79C15AD75FF7F1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-436-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 436" ModsDocTitle="The genus Cephaloleia Chevrolat, 1836 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae)" checkinTime="1451245477730" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Staines, Charles L. & Garcia-Robledo, Carlos" docDate="2014" docId="C0B56E2DDC1112AAD727DCBC16260984" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 436: 1-355" docOrigin="ZooKeys 436" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.436.5766" docTitle="Cephaloleia erugatus Staines 1996" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="134" masterDocId="7D4DA3657862FFF0756068432F5DFC36" masterDocTitle="The genus Cephaloleia Chevrolat, 1836 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae)" masterLastPageNumber="355" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1701317930170" updateUser="plazi">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="B5572537D80B8F7078A71F17B3B3C533" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="00AB49A9A053BBAEDBAC0CC2B6C37EAD">
|
||||
<mods:title id="CA299BECFC875AB0EB0CFF4C7BAB0539">The genus Cephaloleia Chevrolat, 1836 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="FD3AEC14E85D151E70DF94FC318FE997" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="1AF8A69F5E34DA8C8989CC7E7A7C7FAF">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="F35B0982CE501EADCACABCE7FA1D5117">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="1CDCAA2A2774B175245ECAE219C2B181">Staines, Charles L.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="20B60BB35F6D8B71616184FA1678CA08" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="2646E3E7F843F8FF0A2FE41D9FFB55A6">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="042834CD15208837066668D489BC9637">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="021A8FCB5022FE9EC74970CC5146BED8">Garcia-Robledo, Carlos</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="42C0AEB3A8A06507F2B02BA287B02D8C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="C0D00E368FA8E9327F2DC9117E045367" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="07445C904EB0EE03F235D600EEB017C0">
|
||||
<mods:title id="50965E77C2BC2473F9574105C065D815">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="85306392AC8AF090E7DA2A516911E3A8">
|
||||
<mods:date id="A57A8306A46CAF22BA53762DE9CB770D">2014</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="88489FE116ECA9DC2204147DD6D5C917" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="7A91A46F8D6AA91DC21212D6611EAFF2">436</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="399E7AC1EC431BB738EFDA36E0D3C250" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="F52B07F23E33BE3BC87F6C6AF2FF9DF5">1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="8328D6F01B0784B96FCA10A0D6382A0D">355</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="B3062ED9B5D04B01115DA1BF54DD410D">
|
||||
<mods:url id="BAD30831252A78C5D1939C7A356F2B1D">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.436.5766</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="0C83B37E8643582F306B1E4CDBF2B73A">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="7E210B1131BC56D882BA41B081748E94" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.436.5766</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="93E3B9095793CA1956C2A761292192DF" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-436-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="E73F71DBFDA41934008A876B447FB58C" type="ZooBank">4AE52FD68CF948DCAA79C15AD75FF7F1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="C0B56E2DDC1112AAD727DCBC16260984" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152055202" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0B56E2DDC1112AAD727DCBC16260984" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C0B56E2DDC1112AAD727DCBC16260984" lastPageId="133" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A00F1820F82302A8EF44116E8C302E48" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="24759545504F2676B1420AE1E8DAC26D" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Chrysomelidae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6A1D8AF58809B6B3BD5063AA506BD2F6" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4A9CB0530B8B13EC5D5324B1C9158CAC" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E49F7EB435FAB09D8DF6AD02018DC4E4" ID-CoL="SDDG" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cephaloleia_erugatus" authority="Staines, 1996" authorityName="Staines" authorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cephaloleia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephaloleia erugatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erugatus">Cephaloleia erugatus Staines, 1996</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fig. 133
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="05EA092F7661C37E8E7FC73FDD9083F3" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DFFAB505478949DFF61B5A4B40DB0A00" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="419EFEC53E89817B7C3B73D4504E30D4" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cephaloleia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephaloleia erugatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erugatus">Cephaloleia erugatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9FE7059A73ADD8833725874D10288E9C" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Staines 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 31.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6B734FCE084D3A500E10C4EAD6885F3C" lastPageId="133" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="56BDC4DF5FD6A7B03B29D6F681D28A8D" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="11238D5EE4C0BE47A4D6EB86457DE828" lastPageId="133" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
|
||||
Elongate; subparallel; flattened; head (except yellow frons) and scutellum black; pronotum yellowish with medial black macula on anterior and basal margins connected by thin black vitta; elytra with yellowish vitta from base to apical
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D933E7EBEAACF30C6E886A7DAE725A33" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
|
||||
including puncture rows 6-8, lateral margin black; pro-, meso-, and metasterna yellow medially, black at sides; abdominal sterna 1-4 black with yellow margins; 5 totally black; femur yellow with dark apex, tibia darker. Head: vertex impunctate, medial sulcus absent; frons not projecting; not depressed between eyes. Antenna: slender; antennomere 1 incrassate, elongate, 4
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="21C7B59B33EFE5509CAF0BCE1919F227" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
length of 2; 2 transverse, short; 3 2
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="74521C674644CBAEB751C8DA786BE6B1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
length of 2, with projection on inner apical angle; 4-6 elongate, subequal in length, each shorter than 3 (rest missing). Pronotum: transverse; lateral margin straight then slightly rounding to anterior angle, margined; anterior angle slightly rounded, not projecting; posterior angle angular; anterior margin straight; disc slightly convex; surface with scattered punctures laterally; disc impunctate; basal impression absent; pronotal length 1.1 mm;
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="0B9BF5AF3E801C034328C778925C4DC3" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" start="start">pronotal</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
width 1.4 mm. Scutellum: broadly triangular; impunctate. Elytron: lateral margin straight, smooth, margined; apex rounded; sutural angle without tooth; humerus rounded, not produced; slightly constricted behind humerus; puncture rows little impressed, obsolete on apex; elytral length 4.6 mm; elytral width 2.0 mm. Venter: pro-, meso-, and metasterna impunctate; abdominal sterna punctate, each puncture with pale seta; suture between sterna 1 and 2 complete; male with last sternite with apical margin truncate. Leg: slender; impunctate; tibia with fringe of setae on inner margin of apex. Total length: 6.1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1C24B08D1D63CBAC067CDFCBDF5B3528" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="14E21674016A277AF45EB64E57AC06B8" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A3F23ECEA10EDECF6F8FF698B36C558E" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||||
This species is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="10F71001D5010BF4E04C105EBFB89A29" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cephaloleia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephaloleia belti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belti">Cephaloleia belti</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AD53A3482DDD86FA31C34C1D5B3C38B2" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cephaloleia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephaloleia consanguinea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consanguinea">Cephaloleia consanguinea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0C18996A98C8E2A5D9BF970EEC30DFD3" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cephaloleia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephaloleia semivittata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semivittata">Cephaloleia semivittata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="56AA3D35B814C06D5F83837B94C98D25" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cephaloleia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephaloleia triangularis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">Cephaloleia triangularis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="531D90E1D4C3689596DE3A5EAB25C42B" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cephaloleia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephaloleia variabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">Cephaloleia variabilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F13AA3358E10D35504735B5A39A4C4EC" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cephaloleia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephaloleia vicina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">Cephaloleia vicina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It can be distinguished by the elytral puncture rows being obsolete apically, by antennomere 1 being 3 times longer than 3, by the pronotum being punctate laterally, and by the pro-, meso-, and metasterna being impunctate.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7346C98DABDF9016203108048CB8CF17" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="87729BADB92C37C86B0197831325BEBE" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E706CE694B6157428CAAAF8415BF8FAA" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Panama.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="503A4A211BADFEC1EEE9BF7D0B8E943B" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="type material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EFC91A16574963718AB51B4D8F726CDF" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Type material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8F37118ACBAD4015DCC432253C360D24" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
|
||||
Holotype male:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B6EB62D36A08C485D8B7FCAAC3B090A0" originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Isthmus Matachin, O. Thieme, S [green label]/ Coll. Thieme/ 94423/ Am Mango-Walde Herz
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7FC03B4F1A829415637E39A830BCE618" originalValue="blätterrollen">blaetterrollen</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[green label]/ luctuosa Panama! [green label]/ sp. 3 male nicht luctuosa Chap. E. Uhmann Det. 34/ Zool. Mus. Berlin/ Holotype Cephaloleia erugatus Staines, Det. C. L. Staines 1993 [red label] (ZMHB).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
99
data/C0/B5/F2/C0B5F2D2D12961A6410565D9DF2BF4A1.xml
Normal file
99
data/C0/B5/F2/C0B5F2D2D12961A6410565D9DF2BF4A1.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.140.1930" ID-GBIF-Dataset="73d7967a-2dd1-4c5f-8796-f0047f2b4709" ID-PMC="PMC3208516" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-140-1" ID-PubMed="22144857" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-140-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 140" ModsDocTitle="Black-tie dress code: two new species of the genus Toxomerus (Diptera, Syrphidae)" checkinTime="1451249755131" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mengual, Ximo" docDate="2011" docId="C0B5F2D2D12961A6410565D9DF2BF4A1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 140: 1-26" docOrigin="ZooKeys 140" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.140.1930" docTitle="Toxomerus circumcinctus, stat. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFC7666CFF856156FFBDFFB6FFE09539" masterDocTitle="Black-tie dress code: two new species of the genus Toxomerus (Diptera, Syrphidae)" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1668152445511" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Black-tie dress code: two new species of the genus Toxomerus (Diptera, Syrphidae)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Mengual, Ximo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>140</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>26</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.140.1930</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.140.1930</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-140-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152031652" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0B5F2D2D12961A6410565D9DF2BF4A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C0B5F2D2D12961A6410565D9DF2BF4A1" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Toxomerus_circumcinctus" authority="Enderlein" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Toxomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Toxomerus circumcinctus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumcinctus">Toxomerus circumcinctus (Enderlein)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="7" pageNumber="8">stat. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figure 28
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Mesogramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesogramma circumcincta" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumcincta">Mesogramma circumcincta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Enderlein, G" journalOrPublisher="Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="192 - 237" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden." volume="1937" year="1938">Enderlein 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 232. Type Locality: Peru, Lima [HT ♂, ZMHB].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Toxomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Toxomerus circumcinctus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumcinctus">Toxomerus circumcinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Toxomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Toxomerus marginatus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatus">Toxomerus marginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Thompson et al. 1976: 52 (cat.).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Species with yellow face and a medial broad black vitta, which ends ventrad to antennal bases. Scutum black, yellow pilose, with postpronotum and notopleuron entirely yellow; supra-alar area looks black, although it might have a thin yellow vitta connecting to the yellow postalar callus. Scutellum black with lateral and apical margins yellow. Pleuron black except katepisternum with a dorsal broad yellow macula and posterior anepisternum yellow on posterior third. Halter and calypter yellow. Femora dark brown with yellow apical tips, pro- and mesotibia yellow, metatibia brown with basal and apical extremes yellow, and tarsi brown. Abdomen dark brown, becoming yellowish brown on terga 4 and 5, with continuous yellow lateral margins from tergum 1 to tergum 5.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Toxomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Toxomerus circumcinctus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumcinctus">Toxomerus circumcinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Toxomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Toxomerus anthrax" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthrax">Toxomerus anthrax</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but the last has the notopleuron black and postalar callus dark brown, and the scutellum black with apical margin yellow (Fig. 15). Male genitalia are different (see Figs 28, 29).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="length">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Length.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">body, 6.0 mm; wing, 5.1 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Species only known from the holotype, collected in Peru.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">♂ holotype.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
After the original publication (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Enderlein, G" journalOrPublisher="Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="192 - 237" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Syrphiden." volume="1937" year="1938">Enderlein 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), this species has been only cited in two works.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fluke, CL" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="193 - 268" title="Catalogue of the family Syrphidae in the Neotropical Region." volume="6" year="1956">Fluke (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
listed
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Toxomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Toxomerus circumcinctus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumcinctus">Toxomerus circumcinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in his Neotropical catalogue as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Mesograpta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesograpta circumcinctum" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumcinctum">Mesograpta circumcinctum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and Thompson et al. (1976) synonymized it with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Toxomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Toxomerus marginatus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatus">Toxomerus marginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Say, 1823).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Toxomerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Toxomerus marginatus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatus">Toxomerus marginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs from Canada south to Central America and it was introduced in Hawaii (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Thompson 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and it has a typical yellow/black abdominal pattern (http://eol.org/pages/750927/overview). After my study of the circumcinctus type, I consider them two different valid species based on morphological characters and male genitalia.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue