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data/15/9C/1C/159C1C158C2E563FBE6E59153A1CE8AC.xml
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.8181" ID-PMC="PMC4956930" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-63-77" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5844FFA9FFD4FF818A03FB22FFAE354C" ID-PubMed="27489480" ID-Zenodo-Dep="899025" ModsDocID="1314-2003-63-77" checkinTime="1464921839276" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rabeler, Richard K. & Wagner, Warren L." docDate="2016" docId="159C1C158C2E563FBE6E59153A1CE8AC" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 63: 77-97" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 63" docPubDate="2016-06-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.8181" docTitle="Odontostemma tumengelaense (L. H. Zhou) Rabeler & W. L. Wagner 2016, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="5844FFA9FFD4FF818A03FB22FFAE354C" lastPageNumber="92" masterDocId="5844FFA9FFD4FF818A03FB22FFAE354C" masterDocTitle="New combinations in Odontostemma (Caryophyllaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="92" updateTime="1668141699817" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>New combinations in Odontostemma (Caryophyllaceae)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Rabeler, Richard K.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>University of Michigan Herbarium - EEB, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 - 2228, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rabeler@umich.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2016-06-02</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>63</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>77</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>97</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.8181</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.8181</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-63-77</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5844FFA9FFD4FF818A03FB22FFAE354C</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">899025</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182227118" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:159C1C158C2E563FBE6E59153A1CE8AC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/159C1C158C2E563FBE6E59153A1CE8AC" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="15" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="92" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="159C1C15-8C2E-563F-BE6E-59153A1CE8AC" authority="(L. H. Zhou) Rabeler & W. L. Wagner" authorityName="(L. H. Zhou) Rabeler & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="L. H. Zhou" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Odontostemma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Odontostemma tumengelaense" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="15" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tumengelaense" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="92" start="start">Odontostemma</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
tumengelaense (L.H. Zhou) Rabeler & W.L. Wagner
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="15" pageNumber="92">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="92" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rabeler & Wagner" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Arenaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arenaria tumengelaensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="15" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tumengelaensis" status="comb. nov.">Arenaria tumengelaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.H. Zhou, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 357. 1980.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="92" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1963-07-30" collectorName="J. X. Yang" country="China" elevation="5000" location="Tumengela Colliery" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
|
||||
: riverside grasslands,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:159C1C158C2E563FBE6E59153A1CE8AC:FA68B6B730175DA016D5077D6A120D1F" country="China" name="Tumengela Colliery" stateProvince="Xizang">Tumengela Colliery</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="5000.0">
|
||||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="5000.0">5000 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingDate value="1963-07-30">30 July 1963</collectingDate>
|
||||
,
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||||
<collectorName>J.X. Yang</collectorName>
|
||||
1993 (
|
||||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, WUK, WUK0215558; isotypes, KUN [2 sheets], KUN1205455, KUN1205458)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
76
data/15/9C/2E/159C2ECDC9769919350D8A9751194BC8.xml
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76
data/15/9C/2E/159C2ECDC9769919350D8A9751194BC8.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099" ID-PMC="PMC4107865" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--1099" ID-PubMed="25057248" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e1099" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender & Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U.S.A.)" checkinTime="1553126762101" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Thornhill, Robert, Krings, Alexander, Lindbo, David & Stucky, Jon" docDate="2014" docId="159C2ECDC9769919350D8A9751194BC8" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 2: e1099" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 2" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099" docTitle="Juncus polycephalos Michx." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1099" masterDocId="FF8EFFB0FF84FF8FFFDA5C15860F6657" masterDocTitle="Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender & Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.)" masterLastPageNumber="1099" masterPageNumber="1099" pageNumber="1099" updateTime="1668122592651" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender & Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Thornhill, Robert</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Krings, Alexander</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Lindbo, David</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Stucky, Jon</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1099</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>1099</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828--1099</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:159C2ECDC9769919350D8A9751194BC8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/159C2ECDC9769919350D8A9751194BC8" lastPageNumber="1099" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Michx." class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juncus polycephalos" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polycephalos">Juncus polycephalos Michx.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Wet pine savannas (WLPS, VWLPS).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Notes</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
|
||||
Frequent.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jul–Sep">Jul-Sep</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Thornhill 247, 344, 780 (NCSC). Specimens seen in the vicinity: Sandy Run [
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Haw’s">Haw's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Run]: Taggart SARU 167 (WNC!); Sandy Run [Neck]: Wilbur 53714 (DUKE!). [=
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juncus polycephalus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polycephalus">Juncus polycephalus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Michx. sensu RAB, FNA; = Weakley]
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
271
data/15/9C/42/159C422D2E915B699F9570CABB377B49.xml
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271
data/15/9C/42/159C422D2E915B699F9570CABB377B49.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f37895dc-7316-48e6-ac3e-901aa5f79eeb" ID-PMC="PMC4982377" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-608-1" ID-PubMed="27559303" ID-ZBK="F865473C03374FD2915A0E3DD2299E66" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-608-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 608" ModsDocTitle="Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" checkinTime="1470408253360" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Borowiec, Marek L." docDate="2016" docId="159C422D2E915B699F9570CABB377B49" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 608: 1-280" docOrigin="ZooKeys 608" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427" docTitle="Eusphinctus Emery 1893, gen. rev." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="121" masterDocId="D563FF93FFEAD163FF9A3E6FFFDDF937" masterDocTitle="Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="280" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="117" updateTime="1668163389984" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Borowiec, Marek L.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>608</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>280</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-608-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F865473C03374FD2915A0E3DD2299E66</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F865473C03374FD2915A0E3DD2299E66</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127875748" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:159C422D2E915B699F9570CABB377B49" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/159C422D2E915B699F9570CABB377B49" lastPageId="120" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="116" pageNumber="117" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="116" pageNumber="117">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Formicidae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="116" pageNumber="117" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Emery, 1893 a" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus Emery, 1893a</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="116" pageNumber="117">gen. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="116" pageNumber="117" type="type-species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="116" pageNumber="117">Type-species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus furcatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcatus">Eusphinctus furcatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a species-poor South East Asian genus with apparently small colonies.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="117" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="116" pageNumber="117">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||||
Worker.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
workers belong to dorylines with conspicuous gastral constrictions visible between abdominal segments IV, V, and VI. This morphology is also seen in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aenictogiton" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aenictogiton</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, certain species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is unique in the combination of propodeal spiracle situated low on the sclerite and propodeal lobes present, a large pygidium armed with modified setae, pronotomesopleural Pronotomesopleural suture present, and cinctus of abdominal segment IV simple and not cross-ribbed. This genus is thus far known only from India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Thailand and the only lineage with gastral constriction that is currently known to overlap with it is
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the pronotomesopleural Pronotomesopleural suture is fused, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aenictogiton" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aenictogiton</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the propodeal spiracle is positioned high and there are no propodeal lobes,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a reduced and unarmed pygidium, and the neotropical
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has 12-segmented antennae and the cinctus on abdominal segment IV smooth. The relative proportions of abdominal segments are also different, with segments IV, V, and VI being about equal in size in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, while in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
segment IV is the largest of the three.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="117" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||||
Male. The male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be recognized by a combination of 12-segmented antennae, pronounced propodeal lobes, narrow axial helcium, conspicuous constrictions present between abdominal segments IV, V, and VI, costal (C) cell present in
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="117" pageNumber="118" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
fore wing, submarginal cell closed by Rs·f2-3, R·f3 present past pterostigma, and marginal cell open. Abdominal sternite IX (subgenital plate) in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
gradually tapers caudad and has simple, straight spines directed posteriorly.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also have constrictions between abdominal segments IV, V, and VI but the former always has 13-segmented antennae and the latter lacks veins C and R·f3 in the fore wing.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="118" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="117" pageNumber="118">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="117" pageNumber="118">
|
||||
Worker.Head: Antennae with 11 segments. Apical antennal segment moderately enlarged, broader than and about equal in length to two preceding segments combined. Clypeus without cuticular apron. Lateroclypeal teeth present.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Parafrontal" lsidName="Parafrontal ridges" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ridges">Parafrontal ridges</taxonomicName>
|
||||
reduced. Torulo-posttorular complex vertical. Antennal scrobes absent. Labrum unknown. Proximal face of stipes unknown. Maxillary palps unknown. Labial palps unknown. Mandibles triangular, with teeth. Eyes present, composed of fewer than five ommatidia. Ocelli absent. Head capsule with differentiated vertical posterior surface above occipital foramen. Ventrolateral margins of head without lamella or ridge extending towards mandibles and beyond carina surrounding occipital foramen. Posterior head corners dorsolaterally immarginate. Carina surrounding occipital foramen ventrally present. Mesosoma: Pronotal flange separated from collar by distinct ridge. Promesonotal connection with Pronotomesopleural suture completely fused.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Pronotomesopleural" lsidName="Pronotomesopleural suture" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suture">Pronotomesopleural suture</taxonomicName>
|
||||
visible, unfused up to notal surface.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Mesometapleural" lsidName="Mesometapleural groove" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">Mesometapleural groove</taxonomicName>
|
||||
weakly impressed. Transverse
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
|
||||
dividing mesopleuron present. Pleural endophragmal pit concavity present. Mesosoma dorsolaterally immarginate. Metanotal depression or
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on mesosoma absent. Propodeal spiracle situated low on sclerite. Propodeal declivity with distinct dorsal edge or margin and rectangular in posterior view. Metapleural gland without bulla visible through cuticle. Propodeal lobes present, well developed. Metasoma: Petiole anterodorsally immarginate, dorsolaterally immarginate, and laterally above spiracle marginate. Helcium in relation to tergosternal Pronotomesopleural suture placed at posttergite and axial. Prora forming a simple U-shaped margin. Spiracle openings of abdominal segments
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="IV–VI">IV-VI</normalizedToken>
|
||||
circular. Abdominal segment III anterodorsally immarginate and dorsolaterally immarginate. Abdominal segment III more than half size of succeeding segment IV, which is weakly constricted at presegmental portion (uninodal waist). Girdling constriction of segment IV present, i.e. pre- and postsclerites distinct. Cinctus of abdominal segment IV gutter-like, not sculptured. Abdominal segment IV not conspicuously largest segment. Abdominal tergite IV not folding over sternite, and anterior portions of sternite and tergite equally well visible in lateral view. Girdling constriction between pre- and posttergites of abdominal segments V and VI present. Girdling constriction between pre- and poststernites of abdominal segments V and VI present. Pygidium large, with impressed medial field, armed with modified setae, and deeply notched at apex. Hypopygium unarmed. Legs: Mid tibia with single pectinate spur. Hind tibia with single pectinate spur. Hind basitarsus not widening distally, circular in cross-section. Posterior flange of hind coxa not produced as raised lamella. Metatibial gland absent. Metabasitarsal gland absent. Hind pretarsal claws simple. Polymorphism: Monomorphic.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="118" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">
|
||||
Male.Head: Antennae with 12 segments. Clypeus with cuticular apron.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Parafrontal" lsidName="Parafrontal ridges" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ridges">Parafrontal ridges</taxonomicName>
|
||||
absent. Torulo-posttorular complex vertical. Maxillary palps unknown.
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="118" pageNumber="119" start="start">Labial</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
palps unknown. Mandibles triangular, edentate. Ventrolateral margins of head without lamella or ridge extending towards mandibles and beyond carina surrounding occipital foramen. Carina surrounding occipital foramen ventrally present. Mesosoma: Pronotal flange not separated from collar by distinct ridge.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Notauli" lsidName="Notauli" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Notauli</taxonomicName>
|
||||
present. Transverse
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
|
||||
dividing mesopleuron present. Propodeal declivity with distinct dorsal edge or margin. Metapleural gland opening absent. Propodeal lobes present. Metasoma: Petiole anterodorsally immarginate, dorsolaterally immarginate, and laterally above spiracle marginate. Helcium in relation to tergosternal Pronotomesopleural suture placed at posttergite and supraaxial. Prora forming a V-shaped protrusion. Spiracle openings of abdominal segments
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="IV–VI">IV-VI</normalizedToken>
|
||||
circular. Abdominal segment III more than half size of succeeding segment IV; latter weakly constricted at presegmental portion (uninodal waist). Girdling constriction of segment IV present, i.e. pre- and postsclerites distinct. Cinctus of abdominal segment IV gutter-like, not sculptured. Girdling constriction between pre- and postsclerites of abdominal segments V and VI present. Abdominal segment IV not conspicuously largest segment. Abdominal sternite VII simple. Abdominal sternite IX distally armed with two spines, with lateral apodemes about as long as medial apodeme, directed anteriorly (towards head). Genitalia: Cupula long relative to rest of genital capsule and of approximately equal length on both dorsal and ventral surfaces. Basimere broadly fused to telomere, with sulcus discernable at junction, and ventrally with left and right arms abutting. Telomere gradually tapering toward apex.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mytilidae" genus="Volsella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Volsella" order="Mytilida" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Volsella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
narrow, hook-shaped. Penisvalva laterally compressed, rounded at apex. Legs: Mid tibia with single pectinate spur. Hind tibia with single pectinate spur. Posterior flange of hind coxa not produced as raised lamella. Metatibial gland absent. Metabasitarsal glands absent. Hind pretarsal claws simple. Wings: Tegula present, broad, demiovate in shape. Vein C in fore wing present. Pterostigma broad. Abscissa R·f3 absent. Abscissae Rs·f2-3 present, disconnected from Rs+M. Cross-vein 2r-rs present, differentiated from Rs·f4 by presence of Rs·f2-3. Abscissae Rs·f4-5 present, fused in absence of 2rs-m. Abscissa M·f2 in fore wing contiguous with Rs+M. Abscissa M·f4 in fore wing present, reaching wing margin. Cross-vein 1m-cu in fore wing present. Cross-vein cu-a in fore wing present, arising from Cu and distal to, at or near M·f1. Vein Cu in fore wing present, with only Cu1 branch prominent. Vein A in fore wing with abscissae A·f1 and A·f2 present. Vein C in hind wing absent. Vein R in hind wing absent. Vein Sc+R in hind wing present. Abscissa Rs·f1 in hind wing present, shorter than 1rs-m. Abscissa Rs·f2 in hind wing absent. Cross-vein 1rs-m in hind wing fused with M·f1. Vein M+Cu in hind wing present. Abscissa M·f1 in hind wing present. Abscissa M·f2 in hind wing present. Cross-vein cu-a in hind wing present. Vein Cu in hind wing present. Vein A in hind wing with abscissae A·f1 and A·f2 present.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
|
||||
Gyne. Ergatoid, 'scarcely different in size from the
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="workers’">workers'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture (Ithaca, New York)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 115" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search." volume="5" year="1975">Brown 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) except slightly larger eyes and wider abdominal segment II (petiole). Presence of ocelli unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Larva. Larva not known. Presence of cocoons unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="118" pageNumber="119" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Indomalayan, known from India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Thailand.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" type="taxonomy and phylogeny">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="118" pageNumber="119">Taxonomy and phylogeny.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="118" pageNumber="119">
|
||||
Based on morphological and molecular evidence (Borowiec in prep.), I revive
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from synonymy with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="119" pageNumber="120" start="start">taxonomic</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
history of taxa classified under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is somewhat complicated. Detailed discussions can be found in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" pagination="215 - 265" title="The Australian ants of the ponerine tribe Cerapachyini." url="10.2307/25129989" volume="53" year="1918">Wheeler (1918)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture (Ithaca, New York)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 115" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search." volume="5" year="1975">Brown (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and I only briefly recount the history of taxonomic changes to provide a background for an arrangement proposed here. The genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was established by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mayr, G" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="206" pageNumber="207" pagination="885 - 908" title="Diagnosen neuer und wenig gekannter Formiciden." url="10.5962/bhl.part.20570" volume="16" year="1866 b">Mayr (1866b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
based on a single dealate gyne specimen from Brazil. Mayr emphasized the prominent constrictions between abdominal segments present in the specimen in the description, which gave inspiration for the name. Later,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Bimensuel de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" pagination="cclxxv - cclxxvii" volume="1892" year="1893 a">Emery (1893a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described a new genus from Myanmar,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, for an ant with similar constrictions. Other species from the Old World followed, described under either name. Wheeler in 1918 decided (after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Andre, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue d'Entomologie (Caen)" pageId="189" pageNumber="190" pagination="205 - 208" title="Description d'un genre nouveau et de deux especes nouvelles de fourmis d'Australie." volume="24" year="1905">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="André">Andre</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1905
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) to reserve
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for all New World forms and further split
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
into three subgenera,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
s. str.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nothosphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nothosphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nothosphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, according to various combinations of the gyne morphology, number of antennal segments (11 or 12), and presence or absence of eyes in the worker.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture (Ithaca, New York)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 115" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search." volume="5" year="1975">Brown (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
discussed the taxonomic history of the genus and all of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wheeler’s">Wheeler's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
characters in detail. He pointed out that the characters used to differentiate these vary and the combinations enumerated by Wheeler do not hold as generic diagnoses with newly discovered species. Brown thus concluded that it was most sensible to synonymize all the genus-level names under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
until more evidence, particularly from male morphology, was gathered. However, he allowed for a possibility that two species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus furcatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcatus">Eusphinctus furcatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus taylori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taylori">Eusphinctus taylori</taxonomicName>
|
||||
indeed deserved a separate generic status (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture (Ithaca, New York)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 115" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search." volume="5" year="1975">Brown 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
Here I propose a new classification where all the New World species are retained in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, while most of the described Old World forms are relegated to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The two remaining above mentioned Old World species are separated from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Molecular data shows that all three genera arose independently on the dorylomorph tree (see Figure 1; Borowiec, in prep.). Despite sharing characteristic gastral constrictions, these lineages are also discrete in worker and male morphology (see diagnosis above). Both morphology and molecules support the notion that abdominal constrictions have been independently derived several times in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" lsidName="" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Dorylinae">Dorylinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and also in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aenictogiton" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aenictogiton</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and some
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptanilloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptanilloides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptanilloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
belongs to a clade that also includes
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ooceraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ooceraea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ooceraea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Syscia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syscia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Syscia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Borowiec, in prep.). The members of this clade share the universal reduction in the number of antennal segments, from 12 to 11 or fewer in the worker caste and from 13 to 12 or fewer in males.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
There are only two species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, both quite similar, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture (Ithaca, New York)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 115" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search." volume="5" year="1975">Brown (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 75) allowed the possibility that specimens described as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus taylori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taylori">Eusphinctus taylori</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may be just small workers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus furcatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcatus">Eusphinctus furcatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but he decided not to synonymize them until more specimens are available.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
A. B. Soans and W. L. Brown collected two colonies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus furcatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcatus">Eusphinctus furcatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Kottiyoor, Kerala, India. One was located in leaf litter near a rotting log and the other one was found under a stone in a shaded creek bottom. There were about 50 workers in each of the observed nests, and one colony contained two ergatoid gynes (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture (Ithaca, New York)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 115" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search." volume="5" year="1975">Brown 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="species of eusphinctus">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="120" pageNumber="121" start="start">Species</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus furcatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcatus">Eusphinctus furcatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Emery, 1893a: Myanmar, comb. rev.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus taylori" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taylori">Eusphinctus taylori</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Forel, 1900b): Bangladesh, India, comb. n.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
181
data/15/9C/54/159C54CD3127AA96CF24DAA893BECDF0.xml
Normal file
181
data/15/9C/54/159C54CD3127AA96CF24DAA893BECDF0.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.335.5567" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f0c6f528-5c7c-4e61-87c3-dbf43b9350ef" ID-PMC="PMC3800789" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-335-1" ID-PubMed="24146563" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-335-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 335" ModsDocTitle="Shallow water marine gammaridean amphipods of Pulau Tioman, Malaysia, with the description of a new species" checkinTime="1451246890703" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Azman, B. A. R. & Othman, B. H. R." docDate="2013" docId="159C54CD3127AA96CF24DAA893BECDF0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 335: 1-31" docOrigin="ZooKeys 335" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.335.5567" docTitle="Cymadusa vadosa Imbach 1967" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="6B111C28A76E1D660F77FF9FFFCFFFCB" masterDocTitle="Shallow water marine gammaridean amphipods of Pulau Tioman, Malaysia, with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1668156506126" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Shallow water marine gammaridean amphipods of Pulau Tioman, Malaysia, with the description of a new species</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Azman, B. A. R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Othman, B. H. R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>335</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>31</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.335.5567</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.335.5567</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-335-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152048389" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:159C54CD3127AA96CF24DAA893BECDF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/159C54CD3127AA96CF24DAA893BECDF0" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cymadusa_vadosa" authority="Imbach, 1967" authorityName="Imbach" authorityYear="1967" class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa vadosa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadosa">Cymadusa vadosa Imbach, 1967</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 4
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa vadosa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadosa">Cymadusa vadosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Synonymy: Imbach, 1967: 89, pl. 32.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
3 specimens, TIO 10, Kampung Tekek, Pulau Tioman, 2
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="2.8197222">2°49'11"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="104.15889">104°9'32"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, washing mix macroalgae, Azman, B.A.R., Josim, J.J., 11 November
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">1997</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
; 4 specimens, TIO 28, Tulai, Pulau Tioman,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="2.9122224">2°54'44"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="104.104996">104°6'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, washing coral rubble, Azman, B.A.R, Kee, A.A., 19 October 2003; 13 specimens, TIO 29, Genting, Pulau Tioman,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="2.7616668">2°45'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="104.126114">104°7'34"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, washing mix macroalgae, Azman,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">B</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.A.R., Kee, A.A., 19 October 2003; 5 specimens, TIO 30, Genting, Pulau Tioman,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="2.7616668">2°45'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="104.126114">104°7'34"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, washing mix macroalgae, Azman, B.A.R., Kee, A.A., 20 October 2003.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
The well-developed sharp spur on the peduncle of uropod 1 distinguishes the present specimens from the genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Ampithoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ampithoe" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ampithoe</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Leach, 1814;
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Macropisthopous" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macropisthopous" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Macropisthopous</taxonomicName>
|
||||
K.H. Barnard, 1916;
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Amphitholina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphitholina" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amphitholina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Ruffo, 1953;
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Psedopleonexes" lsidName="Psedopleonexes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">Psedopleonexes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Conlan, 1982;
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Pseudoamphitoides" lsidName="Pseudoamphitoides" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">Pseudoamphitoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Ortiz, 1976;
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Exampithoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exampithoe" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Exampithoe</taxonomicName>
|
||||
K.H. Barnard, 1926 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Melanesius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanesius" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melanesius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Ledoyer, 1984. Moreover, the expanded propodus of gnathopod 1 with an oblique palm was found to be a sound character in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Peramphithoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peramphithoe" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Peramphithoe</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Conlan & Bousfield, 1982 used in separating
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cymadusa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Peramphitoe" lsidName="Peramphitoe" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">Peramphitoe</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Barnard & Karaman, 1991).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cymadusa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Amphithoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphithoides" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amphithoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kossmann, 1880 by having narrow rami of uropod 3 and the absence of telsonic lobes. Moreover
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Paragrubia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragrubia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paragrubia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Chevreux, 1901 differ from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cymadusa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having gnathopod 1 larger than gnathopod 2 and in having a multi-articulate accessory flagellum (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Poore, GCB" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Taxonomy" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="897 - 941" title="New Ampithoid Amphipods from Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Ampithoidae)." url="10.1071/IT95045" volume="11" year="1997">Poore and Lowry 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Sunamphitoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sunamphitoe" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sunamphitoe</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Bate, 1857 varies from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cymadusa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the absence of a mandibular palp.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barnard, JL" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 417" title="The families and genera of marine Gammaridean Amphipoda (Except Marine Gammaroids) Part 1." url="10.3853/j.0812-7387.13.1991.91" volume="13" year="1991">Barnard and Karaman (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
have listed fourteen species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cymadusa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, mainly marine and throughout the tropics. Since then another species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa munnu" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munnu">Cymadusa munnu</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Poore & Lowry, 1997) was described from Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Imbach, MC" journalOrPublisher="Naga Report" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="40 - 167" title="Scientific Result of Marine Investigation of the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand: Gammaridean Amphipoda from the South China Sea." volume="4" year="1967">Imbach (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
illustrated
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa vadosa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadosa">Cymadusa vadosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on the basis of specimens from south-east Asia region, which he identified with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa filosa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filosa">Cymadusa filosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Savigny, 1935),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa hawaiiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">Cymadusa hawaiiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Schellenberg, 1938),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa australis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">Cymadusa australis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(K.H. Barnard, 1916),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa sardenta" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardenta">Cymadusa sardenta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Oliveira, 1953),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa brevidactyla" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevidactyla">Cymadusa brevidactyla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Chevreux, 1908),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa variata" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variata">Cymadusa variata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Sheard, 1936),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa oceanica" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oceanica">Cymadusa oceanica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(J.L. Barnard, 1955) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa crassicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicornis">Cymadusa crassicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Costa, 1853), noting some minor differences between them.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa vadosa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadosa">Cymadusa vadosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa filosa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filosa">Cymadusa filosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa hawaiiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">Cymadusa hawaiiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa australis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">Cymadusa australis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa compta" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compta">Cymadusa compta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa microphthalma" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microphthalma">Cymadusa microphthalma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by gnathopod 1 with article 5 shorter than article 6.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
The Pulau Tioman specimens also appear to be very close to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa filosa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filosa">Cymadusa filosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having; (1) accessory flagellum with 1 articulate; (2) peduncle of uropod 1 with strong, acute, distoventral interramal process; (3) uropod 2 with short triangular inter-ramal process.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
In all probability, this material from Pulau Tioman is very similar to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Imbach’s">Imbach's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
illustrations in having; (1) article 2 of mandibular palp three fourths as long as article 3; (2) maxilliped extends beyond palp article 2; (3) accessory flagellum with 1 articulate; (4) article 5 shorter than article 6 of gnathopod 1; (5) rami of uropod 3 two thirds as long as peduncle; (6) peduncle of uropod 1 with strong, acute, distoventral interramal process; (7) uropod 2 with short triangular interramal process.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Figure 4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Ampithoidae" genus="Cymadusa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymadusa vadosa" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadosa">Cymadusa vadosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Imbach, 1967, female (UKMMZ-1266), 8.8 mm. Kampung Tekek, Pulau Tioman. Scale for A1, G1, G2 represents 0.5 mm; MX1, MX2 scale = 0.25 mm; U1-U3 scale = 0.2 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
194
data/15/9C/A3/159CA31110D538E3F31A444396CAFEDD.xml
Normal file
194
data/15/9C/A3/159CA31110D538E3F31A444396CAFEDD.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.744.22421" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b3bab27f-0467-40ed-aae8-6e027103886e" ID-PMC="PMC5904523" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-744-49" ID-PubMed="29670444" ID-ZBK="40FD3262DCB445A382AC8474D3E7026A" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-744-49" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 744" ModsDocTitle="The leaf-mining genus Antispila Hübner, 1825 feeding on Vitaceae in Shandong Peninsula, China with one new species (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae)" checkinTime="1521539698896" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Nan, Liu, Tengteng, Xu, Jiasheng & Jiang, Bin" docDate="2018" docId="159CA31110D538E3F31A444396CAFEDD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 744: 49-65" docOrigin="ZooKeys 744" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.744.22421" docTitle="Antispila kunyuensis Liu, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="25296AE0-2076-4A19-913B-617825812FF4" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFD60564FFC4F117902DD47EC33CFFDD" masterDocTitle="The leaf-mining genus Antispila Huebner, 1825 feeding on Vitaceae in Shandong Peninsula, China with one new species (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae)" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1668165584732" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>The leaf-mining genus Antispila Huebner, 1825 feeding on Vitaceae in Shandong Peninsula, China with one new species (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Wang, Nan</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Liu, Tengteng</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Xu, Jiasheng</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Jiang, Bin</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>744</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>49</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>65</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.744.22421</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.744.22421</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-744-49</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">40FD3262DCB445A382AC8474D3E7026A</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">40FD3262DCB445A382AC8474D3E7026A</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="142359524" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:25296AE0-2076-4A19-913B-617825812FF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/159CA31110D538E3F31A444396CAFEDD" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/25296AE0-2076-4A19-913B-617825812FF4" authority="Liu" class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Antispila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antispila kunyuensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kunyuensis">Antispila kunyuensis Liu</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="50">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figs 1, 2, 6, 9, 11-15, 26-29, 34-38
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="50" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
Holotype. ♂, China, Shandong Province, Yantai, Mt. Kunyu National Nature Reverse,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="121.74">121.740°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="37.292">37.292°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 400 m, larva coll. 2017.vi.28, mine on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Ampelopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ampelopsis humulifolia" order="Vitales" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humulifolia">Ampelopsis humulifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, emerged viii.06, collector Bin Jiang, genitalia no. SDNU.LIU0014, registered no. SDNU.YT170601.2. Paratypes. 3♂, 3♀, genitalia nos. SDNU.LIU0009♂, SDNU.LIU0016♀, SDNU.LIU0044♂, DNA voucher slide no. SDNU.LIU0013♀ (whole body on one slide), registered nos. SDNU.YT170601.1, SDNU.YT170601.3-6, other data same as holotype.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Other material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
Leaf-mine. Shandong Province: Yantai, Mt. Kunyu National Nature Reverse,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="121.74">121.740°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="37.292">37.292°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 400 m, vacant mine coll. 2016.vii.31, on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Ampelopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ampelopsis humulifolia" order="Vitales" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humulifolia">Ampelopsis humulifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, collector Tengteng Liu & Encui Wang, registered no. SDNU.YT160761-7, YT160785.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
Two
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Antispila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antispila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Antispila</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. ampelopsia" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="ampelopsia">A. ampelopsia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuroko, 1961 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. orbiculella" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="orbiculella">A. orbiculella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuroko, 1961, are known to feed on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Ampelopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ampelopsis" order="Vitales" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ampelopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and both associate with the same species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. brevipedunculata" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="brevipedunculata">A. brevipedunculata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Antispila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antispila kunyuensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kunyuensis">Antispila kunyuensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can easily be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. ampelopsia" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="ampelopsia">A. ampelopsia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the fine features of the phallus and the ovipositor, and from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. orbiculella" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="orbiculella">A. orbiculella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the two separate basal spots that are joined forming a transverse fascia in the forewing.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Adult (Figs 1, 2, 6). Forewing length 1.7-2.1 mm. Head silvery gray, with reddish reflection, more apparent on front. Antennae dark fuscous, silvery gray on distal two segments. Labial palpus silvery gray, pointed apically. Thorax and tegula dark fuscous. Legs gray, with blackish gray pigmentation outer surface. Forewing dark fuscous, with strong reddish reflection; two pairs of opposite triangular silvery spots on costa and dorsum, the inner pair with costal spot before middle, dorsal spot at basal 1/4, the outer pair with costal spot at 3/4, dorsal spot largest, near tornus; cilia unicolorous with forewing on basal 3/4, whitish gray on distal 1/4. Hind wing dark gray, cilia darker. Abdomen dark gray dorsally, yellowish gray ventrally.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
Figures 1-8. Adult of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Antispila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antispila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Antispila</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species. 1
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. kunyuensis" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="kunyuensis">A. kunyuensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype, male, SDNU.QD170705.1 2
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. kunyuensis" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="kunyuensis">A. kunyuensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n., paratype, female, SDNU.YT170601.4 3
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. uenoi" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="uenoi">A. uenoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, male, SDNU.QD170705.1 4
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. uenoi" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="uenoi">A. uenoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, female, SDNU.QD170705.3 5
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. uenoi" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="uenoi">A. uenoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, female, SDNU.QD170707 6
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. kunyuensis" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="kunyuensis">A. kunyuensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, male, paratype, ventral view of forewing indicating bristles of retinaculum, SDNU.YT170601.3 7
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. uenoi" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="uenoi">A. uenoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, ventral view of forewing indicating bristles of retinaculum 8
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. uenoi" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="uenoi">A. uenoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, male, indicating paired tufts of slender scales on the 7th abdominal segment, photographed during dissection in water, SDNU.QD170705.1. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
Venation (Fig. 9). Forewing with Sc reaching before middle on costa; R1 from 2/5 on upper margin of cell to costal 3/5, Rs1 from distal 1/7 on upper margin of cell to costal 3/4, Rs2 from beyond distal end of cell, Rs3+4 reaching costa before apex; cell triangular distally; M1 stalked with Rs3+4, to termen near apex, M2+3 from near distal end of cell; CuA from distal 1/6 of lower margin of cell; A1+2 to beyond middle of dorsum. Hindwing with Sc to costal 3/5, R+M ending in 3 branches: Rs to costa near apex, M2
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="51" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
M3 to dorsum; Cu to middle of dorsum; A1+2 weak. Male with one long frenulum, female bearing two shorter frenular bristles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
Figures 9-10. Wing venation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Antispila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antispila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Antispila</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species. 9
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. kunyuensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="kunyuensis">A. kunyuensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, paratype, female, SDNU.LIU0013 10
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. uenoi" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="uenoi">A. uenoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, male, SDNU.LIU0012.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
Male genitalia (Figs 11-15). Tuba analis developed (Fig. 12). Uncus bar-shaped, protruded towards posteriorly at middle. Vinculum shorter than phallus, slightly rectangular on anterior margin. Valva more or less triangular, digital process long and
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="52" start="start">narrow</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, almost same length as valva, pecten on pedicel, with nine comb teeth (Fig. 13). Juxta half as long as phallus, densely covered with small teeth on basal 2/5, anterior arrow pointed on basal corners. Phallus nearly as long as length of vinculum + tegumen, narrowed anteriorly (Fig. 11); phallotheca with five to six strong teeth and a group of smaller sharp-pointed teeth, with a cluster of smaller spines at base of juxta; distal part with a mushroom-shaped process and a straight process ventrally (Figs 14, 15).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
Figures 11-15. Male genitalia of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Antispila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antispila kunyuensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kunyuensis">Antispila kunyuensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. 11 whole genitalia, SDNU.LIU0014 12 tegumen, SDNU.LIU0009 13 valva, same slide as 12 14 phallus, lateral view, SDNU.LIU0044 15 enlarged distal part of phallus, same slide as 14.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Female genitalia (Figs 26-29). Ovipositor with three cusps at either side, with basal one largest and middle one smallest (Fig. 28). Vestibulum round, more or less sclerotized (Fig. 29). Corpus bursae membranous.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="52" type="dna barcode">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="52">DNA barcode.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
One DNA barcode from a paratype was obtained. A neighbor-joining tree, covering most Asian
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heliozelidae" genus="Antispila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antispila" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Antispila</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species and other
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Vitaceae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-feeding species, was generated for facilitating species delimitation (Fig. 33).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="host">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="53" start="start">Host</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
plant.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Ampelopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ampelopsis humulifolia" order="Vitales" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humulifolia">Ampelopsis humulifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Bunge (Figs 34, 35). The placement of the leaf-mines is variable (Figs 36-38), from the base to the apex of a leaf, from absolutely along veins to between but not touching veins. This results in variably-shaped blotch mines, but the majority of blotches are more or less round (Figs 38, 42-45). Frass primarily occupies the opposite side of the cut-out in round blotch mines, or occasionally disperses throughout the mine (Fig. 37), but always in a broad medial band in wide gallery mines (Fig. 38). This species overwinters as a prepupa in the shield. A single generation per year was observed at the type locality.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="53">China (Shandong).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="53">The specific name is derived from the type locality of the new species, Mt. Kunyu, representing the most famous nature reserve in Shandong Peninsula, focusing on forest ecosystem conservation.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
161
data/15/9C/E0/159CE0C81CE56669A97DE9704C68B34C.xml
Normal file
161
data/15/9C/E0/159CE0C81CE56669A97DE9704C68B34C.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title>Revision of the genus Emphylica Turner, 1913 based on morphology and molecular data (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae)</mods:title>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<mods:namePart>Chen, Kai</mods:namePart>
|
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|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
||||
<mods:namePart>Liu, Qingming</mods:namePart>
|
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|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
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|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Jin, Jianhua</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Zhang, Dandan</mods:namePart>
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|
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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|
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<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
|
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<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>836</mods:number>
|
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|
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|
||||
<mods:start>113</mods:start>
|
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||||
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|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.836.32796</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-836-113</mods:identifier>
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|
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|
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156200223" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:159CE0C81CE56669A97DE9704C68B34C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/159CE0C81CE56669A97DE9704C68B34C" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="113" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Caradja & Meyrick, 1934" authorityName="Caradja & Meyrick" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica diaphana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphana">Emphylica diaphana (Caradja & Meyrick, 1934)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="113">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figs 2, 12, 16, 20, 24
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="113" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Loxostege" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxostege diaphana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphana">Loxostege diaphana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Caradja & Meyrick, 1934: 164.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="113" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
CHINA, Fujian: 1♂, Letu rain forest, Hexi, Nanjing,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="24.9">24.90N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="117.22">117.22E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, alt. 270 m, 10.VII.2014, leg. Zhang Dandan, genitalia slide no. SYSU1040, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP0263; Guangdong: 1♂, Sanyue Reserve,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="24.03">24.03N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="111.57">111.57E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, alt. 272 m, 6.VII.2013, leg. Chen Xiaohua, genitalia slide no. SYSU1041, molecular voucher no. SYSU-LEP0264; Hainan: 1♂, Mt. Limushan, 5.V.2011, leg. Zhang Dandan and Yang Lijun; Chongqing: 1♀, Daheba, Mt. Jinfoshan, alt. 800-850 m, 15.VII.2010, leg. Du Xicui and Song Lifang, genitalia slides no. SYSU0969; 1♂, Daheba, Mt. Jinfoshan, alt. 800-850 m, 16.VII.2010, leg. Du Xicui and Song Lifang, genitalia slides no. SYSU0965.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
Figures 12-15. Adults of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Emphylica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp. 12
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. diaphana" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="diaphana">E. diaphana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, male (Hexi, Fujian) 13
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. crassihamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="crassihamata">E. crassihamata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype, male (Shixing, Guangdong) 14
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. cruoralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="cruoralis">E. cruoralis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, male (Khasis, India) 15
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. xanthocrossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="xanthocrossa">E. xanthocrossa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, female (Hidden Valley, Western Australia). Scale bar: 5.0 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="113" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica diaphana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphana">Emphylica diaphana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
resembles other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Emphylica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species in the conical frons and the scale-like setae of the sella. It can be best distinguished from its congeners by the whitish ground colour suffused with pale brown scales on both wings, the dark brown lines at termen, in male genitalia by the triangular, distally narrowly-rounded uncus bearing only few short setae and the long, strongly sclerotized ventral sella usually projecting beyond the ventral margin of the valva. In female genitalia of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. diaphana" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="diaphana">E. diaphana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the antrum is strongly sclerotized, shorter than the length of the anterior apophysis, slightly wider than the ductus bursae; the maximal length of the signum is approximately 2/3 as long as the diameter of the corpus bursae; the two opposing angles of the signum without carinae are well-developed, almost as long as the other two. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. xanthocrossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="xanthocrossa">E. xanthocrossa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the antrum is broad, lightly sclerotized, no more than twice as wide as the ductus bursae; the two opposing angles of the signum without carinae are fairly short; in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. crassihamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="crassihamata">E. crassihamata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the antrum is longer than the anterior apophysis, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. cruoralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="cruoralis">E. cruoralis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the antrum is as long as the anterior apophysis and the signum of both species is small (less than half of the diameter of the corpus bursae).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="113" type="redescription">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">Redescription</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
(Figs 2, 12). Head. Frons and vertex pale yellow mixed with few white scales. Antenna pale brown, cilia in male less than half as wide as corresponding flagellomeres. Labial palpus brown mixed with pale yellow medially, with white scales at base. Maxillary palpus brown, pale brown at tip. Thorax. Whitish brown at dorsum, whitish ventrally. Foreleg: femur yellow, ventrally white, tibia pale brown, first tarsus pale brown, second tarsus white mixed with pale brown, third and fourth tarsus dark brown, fifth tarsus white. Midleg: femur dorsally and tibia pale yellow, remainder whitish; inner spur about twice as long as outer one. Hindleg: pale yellow; basal inner spur approximately three times as long as basal outer spur; apical inner spur about twice as long as apical outer spur. Wingspan 17-19 mm. Forewing whitish sprinkled with pale brown. Antemedial line pale brown from basal third of costa, oblique, reaching beyond basal 1/4 of dorsum; reniform stigma a short streak, pale brown mixed with dark brown scales posteriorly; postmedial line brown, arched from beyond basal 2/3 of costa to about 2/3 of CuA1, bent inwards to posterior angle of cell, then oblique to beyond half of dorsum; subterminal band whitish, with anterior 1/3 faint, gradually narrowed to tornus; termen line dark brown; fringe white at base and brown posteriorly. Hindwing white; postmedial line brown, darkened and thickened posteriorly, from base of Rs, weakly curved to about 2/3 of CuA1, bent inwards to beyond base of CuA1, then bent at right angle outwards to 3/4 of inner margin, latter section with pale brown anteriorly; subterminal line faint, from about 7/10 of M2, weakly curved inwards to 3/4 of CuA2, then slightly darkened, curved outwards to end of 2A; area between posterior part of posterior line and subterminal line sprinkled with few pale brown scales; terminal margin with few pale brown scales medially; termen edged by dark brown line; fringe as in forewing, entirely white near tornus. Abdomen. Dorsal segments pale brown, apical margins of basal four segments brown, edged by white scales, apical margins of remainder segments with white scales, 8th segment with two small dark brown spots posterolaterally; segments whitish ventrally. Male genitalia (Fig. 16). Uncus narrow, triangular, bearing few hair-like setae at distal third. Valva with ventral margin curved, gradually narrowed towards obtusely rounded apex; costal sclerotized band wide, slightly curved to 2/3 of dorsal margin; sacculus broad, distal half expanded, with a pointed, strongly sclerotized process projecting dorsally, sparsely setose; dorsal sella sub-rectangular; ventral sella long and slender, strongly sclerotized, distally curved, usually reaching or extending beyond ventral margin of valva. Juxta plate-shaped with lateral part strongly sclerotized, distal half slightly divided medially. Phallus tubular, straight, approximately 4/5 as long as length of valva, distal half with interlaced spicules, distal end dorsally with several small, teeth-like spines. Female genitalia (Fig. 20). Anterior apophysis with triangular expansion near basal third. Antrum cup-shaped, slightly wider than ductus bursae, medially somewhat constricted. Ductus bursae slender, approximately 2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
as long as diameter of corpus bursae; colliculum well developed, slightly sinuate laterally, approximately as long as antrum. Corpus bursae globular; accessory bursa globular; signum sea-star-shaped, with two angles bearing carinae disconnected medially, distally pointed, other two angles well developed, distally rounded.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
Figures 16-17. Male genitalia of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Emphylica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp. 16
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. diaphana" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="diaphana">E. diaphana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Chongqing (genitalia slide no. SYSU0965) 17
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. crassihamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" rank="species" species="crassihamata">E. crassihamata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Guangdong (genitalia slide no. SYSU0933) A Whole genitalia B Base of valva dorsally C Distal part of phallus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="113" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">(Fig. 24). China (Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Chongqing).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="113" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="113">
|
||||
This species was formerly placed in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Loxostege" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxostege" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loxostege</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, probably based on the conical frons. However, genitalia traits of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Loxostege" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxostege" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loxostege</taxonomicName>
|
||||
moths, e.g. the cylindrical uncus with dense, scale-like setae, the few hair-like setae of the dorsal sella, the ventrobasally directed ventral sella and the usually coiled ductus bursae, are different in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica diaphana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diaphana">Emphylica diaphana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Although in appearance the wing colour and pattern of this species are somewhat dissimilar to those of other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Emphylica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species, the genitalia traits agree with the diagnostic characters of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica xanthocrossa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthocrossa">Emphylica xanthocrossa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Turner, the type species. Moreover, according to the molecular phylogeny, this species was inferred as terminal lineage within
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Emphylica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, rather than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Loxostege" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxostege" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loxostege</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Consequently, this species is considered as correctly placed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Emphylica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Emphylica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Emphylica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
307
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.368.6393" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c1e9ee94-84ed-487d-bf07-302df775db57" ID-PMC="PMC3904066" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-368-1" ID-PubMed="24478579" ID-ZBK="3EB9DB885588438785A5089B1257D44F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-368-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 368" ModsDocTitle="Cyphoderus (Cyphoderidae) as a major component of collembolan cave fauna in Thailand, with description of two new species" checkinTime="1451246466247" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jantarit, Sopark, Satasook, Chutamas & Deharveng, Louis" docDate="2014" docId="159CFDABE5646F475BD021373A0399B9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 368: 1-21" docOrigin="ZooKeys 368" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.368.6393" docTitle="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis Jantarit, Satasook & Deharveng, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="99107FAB-981B-4F23-9D87-B962FEA5DB7A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="855EFFB47B0C6C445C629449FFBDFF97" masterDocTitle="Cyphoderus (Cyphoderidae) as a major component of collembolan cave fauna in Thailand, with description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1668157418430" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Cyphoderus (Cyphoderidae) as a major component of collembolan cave fauna in Thailand, with description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Jantarit, Sopark</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:namePart>Satasook, Chutamas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Deharveng, Louis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
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<mods:number>368</mods:number>
|
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.368.6393</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.368.6393</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-368-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3EB9DB885588438785A5089B1257D44F</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050404" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:99107FAB-981B-4F23-9D87-B962FEA5DB7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/159CFDABE5646F475BD021373A0399B9" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/99107FAB-981B-4F23-9D87-B962FEA5DB7A" class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songkhlaensis">Cyphoderus songkhlaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figs 2-7
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Thailand: Songkhla Province, Rattaphum District, Tham Khao Nui (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="12.203783">12°12.227'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="99.992065">99°59.524'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), 120 m. above sea level, dark zone in cave, pitfall traps and Berlese extraction, S. Jantarit leg, 05 May 2012 (Sample #Songkhla-SJ.001).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Holotype, male adult (#PSUZC2011.SONG-001H) and 44 paratypes (6 males, 3 females, 35 of unknown gender) mounted on slides. Holotype and 29 paratypes at PSU (25 slides, 4 males, 2 females and 23 subadults, collection #PSUZC2011.SONG-001P-030P) and 15 paratypes at MNHN (12 slides, 2 males, 1 female and 12 subadults).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Habitus thick (Fig. 2A), not troglomorphic, body length about 1.2 mm excluding antennae and furca. Furca well developed, about 2.5 times shorter than
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">body</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
. Body color white. Eyes absent, no ocular patch. Dense cover of scales on head, body and furca (ventrally on manubrium, both sides on dens); scales present on Ant.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
dorsally, absent on legs and ventral tube. Four categories of chaetae: ordinary chaetae (mac, mes and mic), scales, trichobothria and S-chaetae (= sens), described below separately for antennae and body.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Figure 2.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songkhlaensis">Cyphoderus songkhlaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. A habitus B outer maxillary lobe C maxilla head and ventral complex of the labrum D mandible E labial palp: proximal chaetae and external papilla E F labrum, dorsal view G chaetotaxy of labial basis; frontal chaetae H frontal chaetae and pseudopores of head I dorsal chaetotaxy of head.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Mouthparts. Outer maxillary lobe with one basal chaeta, a simple palp and one sublobal hair (Fig. 2B). Maxilla with 3-toothed capitulum and complex of 5 pad-shaped lamellae not analyzed in detail (Fig. 2C). Mandible head stocky, asymmetrical with 5 (left) and 4 (right) teeth (Fig. 2D). Labial palp with 5 papillae (A-E) and 13 guards, exactly as figured by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fjellberg, A" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="309 - 330" title="The labial palp in Collembola." volume="237" year="1999">Fjellberg (1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 72) (A and C without guards, B with 5 guards, D and E with 4 guards each); three hypostomal chaetae present with H longer than h1 and h2; 4 proximal chaetae (Fig. 2E). Labial basis formula m, e, l1, l2, with all chaetae smooth or indistinctly serrated, and l2 reduced to a minute but thick mic (Fig. 2G). Labral formula 4/5,5,4 with all chaetae smooth; two chaetae of the mid-row stronger and longer than others; dorso-distal limit of primary granules with a deep central incision (Fig. 2F); labral edge without structure; ventro-distally, two asymmetrical combs with many teeth variously developed and two central tubules (Fig. 2C).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Antennae. Less than 2 times the length of the head, segmentations I: II: III: IV as 1: 2.7: 1.6: 3.9. Sens and sens-like chaetae present on all antennal segments, of 10 morphological types (Fig. 3A); type-3 mes rather long, smooth under microscope examination but ciliated under SEM as in Fig. 3A (type-3*). Scales present dorsally on Ant.I and II (Fig. 3A11). Ant.I dorsally (Fig. 3B) with scales and ciliated mes (type-1), except 3 basal mic (type-9); ventrally (Fig. 3C) with various types of chaetae (types-1,2,3,5,6 and 9). Ant.II (Fig. 3D, E) dorsally and ventrally with numerous slender sens and chaetae (types-1,3,4,5,6,7); scales present dorso-basally; distally, 3-4 dorso-external swollen sens of type-7 and one ventro-external pseudopore. Ant.III (Fig. 3F, G) with various types of chaetae (types-1,3,4,5,6,7,9,10) not analyzed in detail; dorso-externally, AIIIO (Fig. 3H) typical of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Hypogastruridae" genus="Entomobryoidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Entomobryoidea" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Entomobryoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, with sens 1 to 5 and 8easily recognized, 2 and 3 being swollen sens of type-7; ventro-externally, one subapical pseudopore. Ant.IV (Fig. 3I, J) devoid of apical bulb, with various types of chaetae (including all types of sens except type-10); subapical organ present dorso-externally as a short and thick rod.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Figure 3.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songkhlaensis">Cyphoderus songkhlaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. continued A chaetae of antenna drawn from optical microscope, except 3* derived from SEM image B dorsal side of right Ant.I C ventral side of right Ant.I D dorsal side of right Ant.II; the apical swollen sens of type-7 are indicated by arrows E ventral side of right Ant.II with apical pseudopore F ventral side of right Ant.III with apical pseudopore G dorsal side of right Ant.III H distal organite of Ant.III I ventral side of Ant.IV J dorsal side of Ant.IV with separate view of the subapical organite (left).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Body chaetae (Fig. 4A).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">trichobothria, ciliated, very long and thin</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">weakly serrated, spiny mes</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">serrated or ciliated chaetae, of various length (mes to mac) and thickness</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">short and thickened mes in trichobothrial areas</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">thin mes, smooth under microscope examination, but ciliated under SEM</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">thick minute mic f0 and X on head</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">thin minute mic of anal valves</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S1)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">smooth, dark, short, straight, pointed sens</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S2)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">smooth, hyaline, short, subcylindrical, blunt sens</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">S</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
3)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">smooth, hyaline, longer, thinner sens</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S4)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">smooth, rather long, rather thick, blunt sens</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Figure 4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songkhlaensis">Cyphoderus songkhlaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. continued A chaetae of tergites drawn from optical microscope, except 5* derived from SEM image B chaetotaxy of tergites with types of S-chaetae S1 to S4 C trichobothrial complexes of Abd.II D trichobothrial complexes of Abd.III E anterior trichobothrial complexes of Abd.IV F tandem of chaetae on Abd.IV; the smallest is a short type-5 mes and the largest a S4 sens.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Figure 5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songkhlaensis">Cyphoderus songkhlaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. continued A
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Szeptycki’s">Szeptycki's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
notation of tergal chaetae on Th.II-Abd.III (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Szeptycki, A" journalOrPublisher="Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa, Krakow" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" title="Chaetotaxy of the Entomobryidae and its phylogenetical significance: Morphosystematic studies of Collembola. IV." volumeTitle="Zaklad Zoologii Systematycznej i Doswiadczalnej Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe" year="1979">Szeptycki 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) B detail of Abd.II trichobothrial area C detail of Abd.III trichobothrial area.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scales oval to rectangular in shape, of various size, covering the whole body dorsally.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dorsal chaetotaxy and pseudopore patterns (per side).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Macrochaetae: 0/0,0/0,0,1,2 from head to Abd.IV (excluding the antenno-basal lines on head and the 7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–8+7–">-8+7-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
8 lateral mac on Abd.IV) (Fig. 4B).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type-5 mes: 24-25 (and 1 uneven) /16,6/5,4,6,22,0,0 from head to Abd.VI (approximate numbers) (Fig. 2I for the head).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Trichobothria: 1/0,0/0,2,3,3,0,0 from head to Abd.VI.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S-chaetae (sens of types S1, S2, S3 and S4): 0/2,1/1,2,3,4,3,0 from head to Abd.VI. Possibly more on Abd.IV where type-5-like mes are often difficult to separate from S4.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pseudopores: 1-2/1,1/1,1,1,1+2,0,0 from head to Abd.VI.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Chaetotaxy and pseudopores on head. As in Fig. 2I (dorsal side). No dorsal mac except the antenno-basal line of 5 mac (f1-f5); f0 as a minute thick uneven mic of type-6 between f1 chaetae; five ciliated clypeal mes and 1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2+1–">-2+1-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2 pseudopores anteriorly to f1 (Fig. 2H). About 24 dorsal cephalic mes of type-5, subequal, short (Fig. 4A5). Cephalic trichobothria present dorsally at the middle of head with 1+1 mes internally near trichobothria, short and feebly ciliated (Fig. 2I, similar to Fig. 4A3). Ventrally, 4+4 post-labial mes smooth or very finely serrated along linea ventralis, and one mic of type-6 between G3 and H3 probably homologous with X (Fig. 2 in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Chen, JX" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insects" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 54" title="The genus Sinella with special reference to Sinella s. s. (Collembola: Entomobryidae) of China." url="10.1080/00305316.1993.10432236" volume="27" year="1993">Chen and Christiansen 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Chaetotaxy and pseudopores per tergite. (Figs 4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–F">B-F</normalizedToken>
|
||||
); values for type-5 mes are indicative). Th.II without mac; with a row of subequal spiny mes anteriorly and laterally, and several rows antero-laterally (type-2), 1+1 antero-lateral sens S1, 1+1 lateral sens S2 not close to S1, about 16+16 mes of type-5, and 1+1 pseudopores close to axis. Th.III without mac; with 1+1 antero-lateral sens S2, about 6+6 mes of type-5, and 1+1 pseudopores.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abd.I without mac; with 1+1 lateral sens S1, about 5+5 mes of type-5 and 1+1 pseudopores.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Abd.II without mac; with 2+2 trichobothria, 6+6 modified mes around the trichobothria (type-4, Fig. 4C), 1+1 sens S2 (Fig. 4C) and 1+1sens S3 (Fig. 4C), about 4+4 mes of type-5, and 1+1 pseudopores. Abd.III with 3+3 trichobothria, 1+1 mac, 9+9 modified mes of type-4 on trichobothrial areas (3+3 near the internal trichobothria and 6+6 near the two external trichobothria, Fig. 4D), 3+3 sens in trichobothrial areas (1+1 S1 and 2+2 S3, Fig. 4D), about 6+6 mes of type-5, and 1+1 pseudopores. Abd.IV with 3+3 trichobothria, 2+2 mac, 4+4 modified mes of type-4 in the anterior trichobothrial area (none in the posterior trichobothrial area, Figs 4E and 6), 2+2 sens S3, 2+2 sens S4 near axis, about 22
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–23+22–">-23+22-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
23 mes, 2+2 sens S4 ahead pseudopores, in tandem with 2+2 short probably type-5 mes (Fig. 4F), 1+1 serrated mes of type-3 in tandem with 1+1 sens S3 posteriorly, and 3+3 pseudopores (1+1 in the middle of Abd.IV, 2+2 in the posterior margin of the tergite, behind a posterior row of 4+4 mes). Abd.V without pseudopore or mes of type-5; with 3+3 sens S3 and several short mac and mes.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Figure 6.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songkhlaensis">Cyphoderus songkhlaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. continued,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Szeptycki’s">Szeptycki's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
notation of tergal chaetae on Abd.IV (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Szeptycki, A" journalOrPublisher="Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa, Krakow" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" title="Chaetotaxy of the Entomobryidae and its phylogenetical significance: Morphosystematic studies of Collembola. IV." volumeTitle="Zaklad Zoologii Systematycznej i Doswiadczalnej Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe" year="1979">Szeptycki 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">Legs</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
. Without scales. Trochanteral organ with 11-22 simple, straight, smooth chaetae arranged in V-form (Fig. 7C). Tibiotarsus chaetotaxy mostly composed of strong ciliated mes, with one thick smooth ventro-subapical chaeta on hind tibiotarsus. Each tibiotarsus with one tenent hair rather stout, apically spatulated, 4/5 as long as inner edge of claw; distal row of 9-10 serrated chaetae irregularly arranged on all tibiotarsi (Fig. 7D). Claw broad, not slender, with a weak or inconspicuous tunica; with one tooth at 40% of inner edge from the tip of the claw, a small dorsal tooth basally and a pair of inner basal teeth of unequal size, the outer one much larger than the inner one (Fig. 7D). Unguiculus pointed and broad, more than half as long as claw, lanceolate, with a strong outer tooth (Fig. 7D).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Figure 7.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songkhlaensis">Cyphoderus songkhlaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. continued A chaetae of furca B scales of furca C trochanteral organ D claw and distal part of tibiotarsus III E tenaculum F anterior face of the ventral tube G posterior face of the ventral tube; the peg-like setulae are indicated by arrows H furca; encircled by dotted lines are the 2+2 latero-basal mesochaetae of manubrium (a) the 3 outer basal mesochaetae of dens (b) and the 2+2 inner basal mesochaetae of dens (c) (I) mucro in lateral view (right) and in dorsal view (left) showing a third minute external tooth J female genital plate K male genital plate.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ventral tube. Without scales. Anterior face with 2+2 long serrated chaetae (Fig. 7F). Posterior chaetae arranged typically for the genus, with L1 and L2 ciliated, L2 shorter than L1, M elongate and smooth, accompanied by 2+2 small peg-like microchaetae, and two long smooth distal chaetae; lateral flaps each with 2 small smooth mes (Fig. 7G).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Furca. Tenaculum with 4 teeth on each branch, anteriorly with strong, densely serrated, bent uneven chaeta (Fig. 7E). Furca with three types of chaetae (Fig. 7A) and 5 types of scales (Fig. 7B). Manubrium about 1.2 times as long as mucrodens. Dens about 2.3 times as long as mucro. Dorsal side of manubrium (Fig. 7H) with
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">2</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
+2 pseudopores distally, and about 32-35 mes (fallen in most cases) arranged in two longitudinal stripes, including rather flexible and strongly ciliated mes and a few lateral ones slightly stronger, more straight, feebly serrated (Fig. 7A type-1), and baso-laterally 2+2 short serrated mes (Fig. 7A type-3); ventral side covered with oval scales (Fig. 7B type-5). Dens (Fig. 7H) elongate, dorsally with 2 rows of feathered scales (Fig. 7B type-1), 6 external and 5 internal, and 4 ciliated mes (Fig. 7A type-1) between two rows; proximal outer part of dens with 3 chaetae, two ciliated (Fig. 7A type-1) and the most external one smooth (Fig. 7A type-2); proximal inner part of dens with 2 slightly serrated mes (Fig. 7A1) close to dens-manubrium articulation; apical outer part of dens with one short serrated mes (Fig. 7A type-3); long dorso-distal feathered scales fallen in our specimens. Dens ventrally with oval scales (Fig. 7B types-4, 5), the distal internal one almost as long as mucro (Fig. 7B2, 3). Mucro straight, elongate, bidentate apically, with one minute external tooth almost at the level of the ante-apical normal tooth (Fig. 7I).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Genital</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
plate. Male genital plate of the circinate type (sensu
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Christiansen, K" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="474 - 476" title="The Entomobryiform Male Genital Plate." volume="65" year="1958">Christiansen 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), with 6 genital mic and 15-16 circumgenital short, thin, smooth mes (Fig. 7K). Female genital plate with 2+2 mic (Fig. 7J).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="measurement">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Measurement.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(from type specimen #PSUZC2011.SONG-001H, male).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<table pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Body</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Ant</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Head</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Ant.I</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Ant.II</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Ant.III</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Ant.IV</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Th.II</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Th.III</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Abd.I</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Abd.II</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Abd.III</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Abd.IV</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Abd.V</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Abd.VI</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Man</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Dens</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Mucro</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
From the name of the province
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Songkhla”">"Songkhla"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
where this species was discovered.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Only known from the type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Collected on guano in the dark zone of a cave developed in a karst covered with rainforest.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
The new species is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus javanus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">Cyphoderus javanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Börner">Boerner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1906 and to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus sumatranus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatranus">Cyphoderus sumatranus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Yoshii, 1987. The only detailed description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus javanus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">Cyphoderus javanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus borneensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borneensis">Cyphoderus borneensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Yoshii, R" journalOrPublisher="Contributions of the Biological Laboratory of Kyoto University" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 16" title="Cyphoderid Collembola of Sabah." volume="26" year="1980">Yoshii (1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Yoshii, R" journalOrPublisher="Contributions of the Biological Laboratory of Kyoto University" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="121 - 136" title="Notes on some Cyphoderid Collembola of the tropical Asia." volume="27" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which was synonymized with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus javanus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">Cyphoderus javanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the same author in 1992.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songkhlaensis">Cyphoderus songkhlaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus borneensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borneensis">Cyphoderus borneensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as described by Yoshii in the following combination of characters: the posterior face of its ventral tube with chaetae L1 and L2 ciliated but M smooth (given however as ciliated in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Yoshii, R" journalOrPublisher="Contributions of the Biological Laboratory of Kyoto University" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 16" title="Cyphoderid Collembola of Sabah." volume="26" year="1980">Yoshii 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) (versus L1, L2, M all ciliated chaetae), anterior mac of ventral tube serrated versus smooth, spatulate versus blunt tenent hairs, no versus a few smooth basal chaetae on manubrium and claw with two inner teeth versus one inner tooth on claw.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus songkhlaensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songkhlaensis">Cyphoderus songkhlaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus sumatranus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatranus">Cyphoderus sumatranus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by its ciliated clypeal chaetae (versus smooth in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus sumatranus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatranus">Cyphoderus sumatranus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), the presence of one sublobal hair on outer maxillary lobe (versus none in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus sumatranus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatranus">Cyphoderus sumatranus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and the posterior face of its ventral tube with chaetae L1 and L2 ciliated but M smooth (versus L1, L2, M all ciliated chaetae). The new species is known from caves like
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus sumatranus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatranus">Cyphoderus sumatranus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Collembola" family="Paronellidae" genus="Cyphoderus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyphoderus javanus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">Cyphoderus javanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been reported from diverse habitats: termite nests, forest soil and caves.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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