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Culicia sp. cf.
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. -
<bibRefCitation author="Milne-Edwards, H" journalOrPublisher="Roret, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B191" refString="Milne-Edwards, H, Haime, J, 1857. Classification et description des Zoantharies Sclerodermes de la section des Madreporaires Apores. Histoire Naturelle des Coralliaires ou Polypes proprement dits 2. Roret, Paris" title="Classification et description des Zoantharies Sclerodermes de la section des Madreporaires Apores. Histoire Naturelle des Coralliaires ou Polypes proprement dits 2." year="1857">Milne-Edwards and Haime 1857</bibRefCitation>
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: 608.
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Duncan, 1876: 439-440, pl. 40, fig. 3.
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. -
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: 230.
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sp. cf.
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. -
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<bibRefCitation id="63BAB43F87BEC9C818EC5E62B6842730" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 232-232, fig. 3G.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Duncan" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia tenella subsp. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="tenella" subSpecies="natalensis">Culicia tenella natalensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
<paragraph id="0F03BE799C24878F8E5356E418FDED75" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2A2B46A86C34C1049080BF6DA1E8B194" baseAuthorityName="Duncan" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia tenella subsp. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="tenella" subSpecies="natalensis">Culicia tenella natalensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="E0E6FD2402A51F613BC7EBF584E35DAA" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
: 274.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="E7257D80EE88E6FD02F7AE133A9AB885" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="AC90EA616921F166BBBBC261A7CECF5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E0323E9EFE2046B7F9372B5D2F9F21F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Cape of Good Hope, South Africa
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">(Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="74D64756F01D6CC11B557CA7CF06BE61" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">(Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="0B537D502EF813C70D382A433112D070" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="55CAB7F91F33080A71DD36FEB8D4E80F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CA4ED29EA8A5BA4B945365533E760E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The holotype is deposited at the NHMUK
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">(Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="2B2DA52D1160EA7BC9BC0E659BD0267E" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">(Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="6F2086BC9BBB104A022326C6277FEBAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="038C62CB97E5A7015B43B94CF1BCCCEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34DB74808BFA2A01579DCA1BA45940FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="C8E81DA21EE128F8423DE485EB4F2C19" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7B62443F84940B4FF66B1A9CEE40E55C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ABFC9A89289D838B0B64ED78B1F7FF58" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off KwaZulu-Natal; depth unknown (
<bibRefCitation author="Duncan, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="428 - 442" refId="B72" refString="Duncan, P, 1876. Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas. Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London 1876: 428 - 442" title="Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas." volume="1876" year="1876">Duncan 1876</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="711D85FDA939F800C863B48D0EDEAFB9" author="Duncan, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="428 - 442" refId="B72" refString="Duncan, P, 1876. Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas. Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London 1876: 428 - 442" title="Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas." volume="1876" year="1876">Duncan 1876</bibRefCitation>
). Elsewhere: Tanzania
<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">(Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="1F0A0F6A748A94B4B69DD29FDC8DC3C1" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">(Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
); Kenya (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="98CE416B40B7B060000987270DD429C7" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
); 34 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="6D479F5926FAACE10B0D733DBC023A15" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="D827EAE060E98190EC6BF9558B3513C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3BD542AA8684AC425A03776464F8949F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This entry is based on
<bibRefCitation author="Duncan, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="428 - 442" refId="B72" refString="Duncan, P, 1876. Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas. Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London 1876: 428 - 442" title="Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas." volume="1876" year="1876">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duncans">Duncan's</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="8E6CC0D0B2D65C03C253FB3B4182ACBF" author="Duncan, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="428 - 442" refId="B72" refString="Duncan, P, 1876. Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas. Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London 1876: 428 - 442" title="Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas." volume="1876" year="1876">
<normalizedToken id="E40145592750569AAED9B94EF60FCF42" originalValue="Duncans">Duncan's</normalizedToken>
(1876)
</bibRefCitation>
subspecies
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Duncan" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia tenella subsp. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="tenella" subSpecies="natalensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Culicia tenella natalensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E02CBAC8C40CC12057D3BD7934169FF6" baseAuthorityName="Duncan" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia tenella subsp. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="tenella" subSpecies="natalensis">
<emphasis id="8154240A242446B30DB679359B5611F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Culicia tenella natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In his account,
<bibRefCitation author="Duncan, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="428 - 442" refId="B72" refString="Duncan, P, 1876. Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas. Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London 1876: 428 - 442" title="Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas." volume="1876" year="1876">Duncan (1876)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="A4CBB3237D9241616DA463EC7D60BF08" author="Duncan, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="428 - 442" refId="B72" refString="Duncan, P, 1876. Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas. Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London 1876: 428 - 442" title="Notices of some deep-sea and littoral corals from the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Indian, New-Zealand, Persian Gulf, and Japanese Seas." volume="1876" year="1876">Duncan (1876)</bibRefCitation>
highlighted the association between
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. natalensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0FEA8E4A307366A51CC0A2047B231894" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="DF06CE78A12016A1757CEF11F8808363" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and a brachiopod. Although we herein doubt the validity of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duncans">Duncan's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E1CA50A66FEC83649008E1A3D425D30B" originalValue="Duncans">Duncan's</normalizedToken>
South African subspecies, more specimens are required in order to compare
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. natalensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="19D3C8159519C7FED1567F46DB7F1634" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="7537F3BB9C78E519E269762E672C7FC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the Australian
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. tenella" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. tenella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="97F4AE6B851E1C24A2B3D651C51CD7AA" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. tenella" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis id="D719DE44DE2561BAB0C5C9080DF4A99D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. hoffmeisteri" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hoffmeisteri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. hoffmeisteri</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2129E31BE036BF778B8F1A4B181B9134" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. hoffmeisteri" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hoffmeisteri">
<emphasis id="B69351CED270AAA37C60030EE875DE09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. hoffmeisteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Squires, 1966. The latter is an Australian species that
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller (1993)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B3243AB1EB9D111ABC8510B7562B5290" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller (1993)</bibRefCitation>
reported to have a close resemblance to their
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. natalensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="45EDC0A819A912CECB1A581C2BD8610E" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="8A80B7A47AC975DF959E2337285E11E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined specimens from Kenya.
</paragraph>