Add updates up until 2024-11-25 02:32:04

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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Corallum solitary, discoidal, and free. Synapticulothecate. Broad marginal shelf present. Costae ridged, thin and dentate. Intercostal spaces broader than costae and penetrated by large pores. Septa imperforate, with complex dentitions. Septa alternate in position with costae. Septa arranged in typical micrabaciid pattern, having multiple bifurcations of S3; number of septa a function of calicular diameter, varying between 99 and 144 in adult stage. Columella spongy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1301265F13EEA5A628008AEE50CD53BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Corallum solitary, discoidal, and free. Synapticulothecate. Broad marginal shelf present. Costae ridged, thin and dentate. Intercostal spaces broader than costae and penetrated by large pores. Septa imperforate, with complex dentitions. Septa alternate in position with costae. Septa arranged in typical micrabaciid pattern, having multiple bifurcations of S3; number of septa a function of calicular diameter, varying between 99 and 144 in adult stage. Columella spongy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="E21BA0C0B3D1F5BA9AB5EF9BC64AD1A1" authorityName="Owens" authorityYear="1986" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Rhombopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhombopsammia squiresi" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="squiresi">
<emphasis id="2C36ED9BB20E53568F649349942B069A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhombopsammia squiresi</emphasis>
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Owens, 1986a, by original designation.
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View file

@ -1,364 +1,364 @@
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<taxonomicName authority="Moseley, 1880" authorityName="Marenzeller" authorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanotrochus explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans">Stephanotrochus explanans</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="9E511580096962FFA08C354415A0732A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F8C04371C88A0DF364E6DB20DC6E2CDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="47A8EA20FAE5C6030875EE21F119CE9B" authorityName="Marenzeller" authorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanotrochus explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans">Stephanotrochus explanans</taxonomicName>
von Marenzeller, 1940a: 304-307, pl. 8, fig. 19A, B
<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">. -Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="8FFDFECFE21CFBDE043FD9CD75E12C3F" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">. -Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
: 192.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus nobilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nobilis">Stephanocyathus nobilis</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="7587441B3355A1E76377F3CC83FE49A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="7199164578B6A19482E9C9B868BB2222" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus nobilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nobilis">Stephanocyathus nobilis</taxonomicName>
. -
<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="62095036FDB98263E4E15BF76D36E8E1" author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 39.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) spiniger" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spiniger" subGenus="Acinocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) spiniger</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="135D337AAE16F26E912D0BC3568F27B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="00F5A691EA5E55395578AA1252DAEE1A" baseAuthorityName="Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) spiniger" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spiniger" subGenus="Acinocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) spiniger</taxonomicName>
. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="D1623F80826F15544408378243676514" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 243-244.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans" subGenus="Acinocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) explanans</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="993427029B001E3DC6C39C1D7BE8DDB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="92F37C9AF6E186C48C029C29287D84AC" baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans" subGenus="Acinocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) explanans</taxonomicName>
. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="91457F5B4561EDA68C4B5DECFFFDDA5A" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 119, fig. 14E. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="378B2574243FAB78C199690FB8921163" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 38
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4C0A486AEA6E6F0BEC1CEF037709D6D7" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
: 285.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="6B28BE98C01D21279E0EF2D0C30BC743" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="FEFC250DED60C7980054DBCFAE02732B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F28F573E4B40EC12101FA48E616BE42" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Off Sumatra, Zanzibar Island and Pemba (SS '
<taxonomicName authorityName="White" authorityYear="1847" class="Malacostraca" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Valdivia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Valdivia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Valdivia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="98AA327D973534EFA202419A45823B3F" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1847" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Valdivia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Valdivia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Valdivia</taxonomicName>
' stns. 194, 243 and 245:
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="0.25055555">0°15'02&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9D64A3D6E88005BC5A974A58205620F0" degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="0.25055555">0°15'02&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="98.13555">98°08'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="32FAC5730B61C130A8681C07C87762B9" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="98.13555">98°08'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-6.650278">6°39'01&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="11F5044C982EC60A25C4983B7876621A" degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-6.650278">6°39'01&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="39.502224">39°30'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="C7EABA0A3EB851FC2216AA262D78AFD1" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="39.502224">39°30'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, and
<geoCoordinate degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-5.4525">05°27'09&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="10F97914E415A5A36A025B93B96FE806" degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-5.4525">05°27'09&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="39.302223">39°18'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="33832292EC62F4A16C096361A24D9A15" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="39.302223">39°18'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, respectively); 245-614 m (von
<bibRefCitation author="Marenzeller, von E" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B177" refString="Marenzeller, von E, 1904a. Steinkorallen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898-1899 7(3): 261-318." title="Steinkorallen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899 7 (3): 261 - 318." year="1904 a">Marenzeller 1904a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="E4C91F29426EDECFDC570B723F410804" author="Marenzeller, von E" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B177" refString="Marenzeller, von E, 1904a. Steinkorallen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898-1899 7(3): 261-318." title="Steinkorallen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899 7 (3): 261 - 318." year="1904 a">Marenzeller 1904a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="27E65315E44A3F493F13ABCAEE98452F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="BBE3F609A07E5FEBFC94ABC9936390D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84FFB843E923234598B50D69801F67AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Ten syntypes are deposited at the ZMB
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">(Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4BBB17E9E2FEEBAC931143B6BE18769C" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">(Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Bulolo Estuary" elevation="97" latitude="-31.661997" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.6106" municipality="Port St. Johns" specimenCount="2">
<subSubSection id="0567E5542748C313688C6015A4CAC85E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="96B35B1DBC53353708DC5E98BFA1F3BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E83A48F4EDF8315A7E625299E881F82" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="E86B00356E07FA0DB3DE96B39B68DCD8" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Bulolo Estuary" elevation="97" latitude="-31.661997" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.6106" municipality="Port St. Johns" specimenCount="2">
SAMC_A090144 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="59051E319D8B53B51075074433EA1EA2" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FCA4AC93544A3A25076922DD8802815:BC7B4040A5B07AA8A59E7221B27955EF" county="Bulolo Estuary" latitude="-31.661997" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.6106" municipality="Port St. Johns" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
<location id="BC7B4040A5B07AA8A59E7221B27955EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FCA4AC93544A3A25076922DD8802815:BC7B4040A5B07AA8A59E7221B27955EF" county="Bulolo Estuary" latitude="-31.661997" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.6106" municipality="Port St. Johns" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
<quantity id="95F58AB3606FB48BFAB2665AA34AE29F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Port St. Johns</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
<collectingMunicipality id="E608AA23062C4B915677579DB1818B88">Port St. Johns</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity id="9C2A25F822DE4519A7E34DED166C7682" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Bulolo Estuary</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="1485ED4CE22F30E7BE5850AEFD1FDD01">Bulolo Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.19" value="-31.661997">31°39'43.19&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="887D2AE3EBD4AD74153D61402D6EB5DB" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.19" value="-31.661997">31°39'43.19&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="38.16" value="29.6106">29°36'38.16&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="69A286317BC3F71AB8E2E97816B2FA9D" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="38.16" value="29.6106">29°36'38.16&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="9.8" metricValueMin="9.6" unit="m" value="97.0" valueMax="98.0" valueMin="96.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="9.8" metricValueMin="9.6" unit="m" value="97.0" valueMax="98.0" valueMin="96.0">96-98 m</elevation>
<quantity id="B67755B5E2B5C6F0A20DED798594E6C0" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="9.8" metricValueMin="9.6" unit="m" value="97.0" valueMax="98.0" valueMin="96.0">
<elevation id="9F73594998C577A813A8BB9C75503EF6" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="9.8" metricValueMin="9.6" unit="m" value="97.0" valueMax="98.0" valueMin="96.0">96-98 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Beachwood Mangroves" elevation="442" latitude="-29.916666" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.333332" municipality="Durban" specimenCount="442">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ORI_DIIIk2 (I specimen)</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="272E3C47192C6ED871045AF0C12F6576" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Beachwood Mangroves" elevation="442" latitude="-29.916666" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.333332" municipality="Durban" specimenCount="442">
<emphasis id="FBE0623B9C01B685037CA305D618576B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ORI_DIIIk2 (I specimen)</emphasis>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FCA4AC93544A3A25076922DD8802815:81BC1C567825925864FA6752F0D1518D" county="Beachwood Mangroves" latitude="-29.916666" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.333332" municipality="Durban" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
<location id="81BC1C567825925864FA6752F0D1518D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FCA4AC93544A3A25076922DD8802815:81BC1C567825925864FA6752F0D1518D" county="Beachwood Mangroves" latitude="-29.916666" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.333332" municipality="Durban" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="km" value="33.0">33 km</quantity>
<quantity id="8A5AC8A9D407F98B8672A2B42F2023EF" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="km" value="33.0">33 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Durban</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="km" value="31.0">31 km</quantity>
<collectingMunicipality id="CE6E9502D155C0DC0DD8B5EF2F233670">Durban</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity id="37310C22118729CADE1AD0705FB516A3" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="km" value="31.0">31 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Beachwood Mangroves</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="E4786EE42FF3C4BEB0D568459C8CF8C2">Beachwood Mangroves</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-29.916666">29°55'00.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EBE77B13FFC740BE17144BD735D685F8" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-29.916666">29°55'00.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="31.333332">31°19'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="620AA57EDE3845EA3FCC911640104B6C" degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="31.333332">31°19'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.42" unit="m" value="442.0">442 m</elevation>
<specimenCount id="7C87E1C6E4978A2E205568743E809A83" type="generic">
<quantity id="25AF12A67D7CCBA7BD3A50D195081AF5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.42" unit="m" value="442.0">
<elevation id="ED125FECA664BA0C53AA56E6ABB44197" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.42" unit="m" value="442.0">442 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Beachwood Mangroves" elevation="202" latitude="-29.774767" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.071785" municipality="Durban" specimenCount="4">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="0EF314F9986B3F148DF2CEACAD15AFAB" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Beachwood Mangroves" elevation="202" latitude="-29.774767" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.071785" municipality="Durban" specimenCount="4">
<emphasis id="FD2213BF2768BBD7986D72BE2A09511E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
USNM 62500 (
<specimenCount type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="909199083F48379D58DBD8D7C653ED54" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</emphasis>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FCA4AC93544A3A25076922DD8802815:BD9A70C3C4924A8019A3C4100E4C6ADA" county="Beachwood Mangroves" latitude="-29.774767" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.071785" municipality="Durban" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
<location id="BD9A70C3C4924A8019A3C4100E4C6ADA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FCA4AC93544A3A25076922DD8802815:BD9A70C3C4924A8019A3C4100E4C6ADA" county="Beachwood Mangroves" latitude="-29.774767" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.071785" municipality="Durban" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
<quantity id="D5840419E6278CB98FA029BA62A9A635" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Durban</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
<collectingMunicipality id="7F590C9190F09CC9EBF58652A9E0C5D0">Durban</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity id="33FE69822D6CF343F232B876DFB40232" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Beachwood Mangroves</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="31C52E4255705FFFB3EDB2A81CFFA1B0">Beachwood Mangroves</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="29.16" value="-29.774767">29°46'29.16&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="A014C85E0E89F808A0DF8240E704EF72" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="29.16" value="-29.774767">29°46'29.16&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="18.42" value="31.071785">31°04'18.42&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="5E29A8A0E759543706D0ADF5D18F3B3B" degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="18.42" value="31.071785">31°04'18.42&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0149999999999997" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.83" unit="m" value="201.5" valueMax="220.0" valueMin="183.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0149999999999997" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.83" unit="m" value="201.5" valueMax="220.0" valueMin="183.0">183-220 m</elevation>
<quantity id="0C80E5FC89029850DF003C729D078669" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0149999999999997" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.83" unit="m" value="201.5" valueMax="220.0" valueMin="183.0">
<elevation id="733B1B25A3A23FCD6285551BA998C07C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0149999999999997" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.83" unit="m" value="201.5" valueMax="220.0" valueMin="183.0">183-220 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="imagery data">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imagery data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="8B086A44F64B3A4825860D873C31384A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="imagery data">
<paragraph id="4C0D09AC62FECC1049C0102E6DDC3B91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imagery data.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E07D39E3FE7111836DECD2E8428B07A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
RV
<normalizedToken originalValue="Galathea">'Galathea'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="931BFD322D0AF9CEC351BD541F24402B" originalValue="Galathea">'Galathea'</normalizedToken>
stn. 202 (1 specimen): Eastern margin, Natal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="B8CC63052C70E7507EBCA165F87F83B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="24C53E4F9378CC73CA0F40B1209D1EB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="097E946EA5279E112615C95872944FEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Corallum bowl-shaped, free, with a slightly rounded base. BD smaller than CD; base has a basal attachment scar. All specimens bear short, straight, and slender C1 costal spines, and are usually longer (in relation to CD) in juveniles. Calice circular to slightly elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.0-1.1), with a serrated calicular margin. Largest specimen examined (USNM 62500) 30.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="60CC1451E819592DBF952643685D5218" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
27.6 mm in CD, 26.6 in BD, and 11.2 mm in H. Costae slightly convex and granular, extending from calicular margin and disappearing towards base. Costae absent at base epicentre, which is usually eroded. Corallum white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="33BDA60AF24EA83B23F955B7CE4109E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Septa hexamerally arranged in five cycles, the last cycle being incomplete, according to the formula: S1 ≥ S2&gt; S3&gt; S4&gt; S5 (≤ 72 septa). S1 highly exsert and extend to columella with straight axial margin. A deep notch separates P1 from S1. P1 fuse to columella. S2 as exsert and as large to only slightly smaller than S1. P2 also fuse to columella, but is slightly smaller than P1. S3 ~ 1 mm less exsert and
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EBC4319DF4B7BC31E948983625F8ED5D" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
the width of S1-2. P3 broad and separated from S3 by a narrow notch. S4 flanked by S5 as wide and exsert as S3, but those unflanked S4 are the least exsert septa, and only
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="687A1C705A851E485D99EB3FDADDFC73" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the width of S3. S4 become rudimentary deeper in fossa. P4 fuse to P3. S5 closely resembling unflanked S4. All septal margins straight. Paliform lobes also straight, and appear to be arranged in a single palar crown. Fossa relatively shallow, containing a papillose columella, composed of ≤ 20 granular and closely-packed rods.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="E155A0836AB6ABDBD634D397410242B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="31280D17DFE08049DBE5585350E8DE0F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6CCFCDA014A854E73B42F2E62E177D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Port St. Johns extending towards Durban; 96-695 m. Elsewhere: Indonesia (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="D416D0368FFF3094523979A0CC55C887" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
); Tanzania; Madagascar (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="87F4DCE8B6859FCCD8E3A1A903D49EE4" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
); 180-1016 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (A.) explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans" subGenus="A.">Stephanocyathus (A.) explanans</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="9761E1A3496F3EFD13CC0E886FC7B445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="725D2AD9341140D09610845D8549F3AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C3788517C3ADCD1E57C578B449625AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="0B8AB77A16E105E2A7B324F3A3B35575" baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (A.) explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans" subGenus="A.">Stephanocyathus (A.) explanans</taxonomicName>
differs from the only other subgeneric extant species [
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. spiniger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. spiniger</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="62A8134DBDB77307E973030C9FF7A1F4" lsidName="S. spiniger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="F6DA7979D5182ECBFC9FDE417B5B9A58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(von Marenzeller, 1888)], in its calicular margin, number of septa, and costal spines.
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius (1997)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="3B403355D70B669F17113424526C1BDC" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius (1997)</bibRefCitation>
elaborated on these taxonomic differences, highlighting that
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. explanans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="explanans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. explanans</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7AE3CB0710F1E49CF9B742ABC80090EA" lsidName="S. explanans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="explanans">
<emphasis id="289303F9E8F4AD467817BB35110C49EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. explanans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be distinguished in having a serrated calicular margin (lanceted in
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. spiniger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. spiniger</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F0B92E1FEC2F479A12AD12A4FA76BF44" lsidName="S. spiniger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="BF01656932703CB79EC823C85D92EE7F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 48-72 septa (instead of 96 septa), and 6-11 marginal circular spines (consistently 6 elongated and basally compressed in
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. spiniger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. spiniger</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B63383AF367CB75D0F2FA6C0DD12D396" lsidName="S. spiniger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="BE778BCF8D013E9B463F56F0CA94308C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stephanocyathus explanans</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B374DC9EFD79B54D2B1394FE45035B0C" baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans">
<emphasis id="5D7B73562D48E7AFD5CE678FFA4269C5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stephanocyathus explanans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first reported from South Africa by
<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">Gardiner and Waugh (1938)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="9C8B1594573F03ECE4F75BCFC8212696" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">Gardiner and Waugh (1938)</bibRefCitation>
, however no further locality information apart from noting that specimens were collected &quot;off South Africa&quot; was provided. Subsequently,
<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff (1981)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="095BC8C68E89A666D70E2BF0FD5EFEE7" author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff (1981)</bibRefCitation>
incorrectly identified the species as
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (O.) nobilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nobilis" subGenus="O.">Stephanocyathus (O.) nobilis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C63BBE09041F79FD60DD06C8BF42430A" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (O.) nobilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nobilis" subGenus="O.">Stephanocyathus (O.) nobilis</taxonomicName>
(von Marenzeller, 1904a) (ORI
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">_</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A4BA71A3CA7F20EBE7FC03EAD656DE7C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">_</emphasis>
D111k2), a record later corrected as
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. explanans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="explanans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. explanans</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="197B4B44D10B77924DBBFEC8FF19E495" lsidName="S. explanans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="explanans">
<emphasis id="85D50F86629C9E3DC1ED9DC9C2946C2F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. explanans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller (1993)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="BD36788D8AE163CE818125F12559271D" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller (1993)</bibRefCitation>
. The South African representatives add no new morphological information apart from S1 being slightly wider than S2 in some of the examined specimens.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<caption id="90BC5E8D00DF1E9CEBAD36D8D7DCB9B5" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="1BFD93F7E55F56F6ABC2F76F114FA325" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="2EF5EDCB355CEBE3D2F229FDBCEA7D88" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FF7758C7FF85A367E129EF8584E4748F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans" subGenus="Acinocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) explanans</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C2C393C302737802486CB3BAD74502D5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="13E903FBCAC63055F477F0E1A212D659" baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) explanans" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="explanans" subGenus="Acinocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Acinocyathus) explanans</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0047ED2A239D5C47D3DB1E119E0059C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C4FD08ABD039AA3FE058372B77DA425B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
(USNM 62500, off Durban, 183-220 m) Calicular view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="EB69004478D2A161B8B252B23B00554B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
basal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0BE93116D3733011CE8AEFAE601025A3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="ACF30F2303E0831F33B6ABBD7DCBB4A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90D0825169C7B5DEAEEEA513191F4BD6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
(SAMC_A090144, off Port St Johns, 96-98 m)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="466605C94069646019BFE16FE473309F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
calicular view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="17C306FE4A256D50D4089869C3249535" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
basal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="4E62B5BE01559F308AB7F793D9613C98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0A6872FFAF580306E88977550BBD61D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Odontocyathus) campaniformis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campaniformis" subGenus="Odontocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Odontocyathus) campaniformis</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="9750506559CAF4A708EF1F84954294CE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DC49EA7AD363F31AE752B12C5C96991" baseAuthorityName="von Marenzeller" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Odontocyathus) campaniformis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campaniformis" subGenus="Odontocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Odontocyathus) campaniformis</taxonomicName>
(SAM_H3178, off Coffee Bay, 1420 m)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0C1CA46CCCF004F728285C1DEBC90157" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
calicular view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="50634D5F9704BD8F9F4654051A158546" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
basal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7D860795031CAA0B85318573F4007434" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
<emphasis id="4DF7D3EA7677FA0A3481300F09FEC102" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Odontocyathus) nobilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nobilis" subGenus="Odontocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Odontocyathus) nobilis</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A5B52F875B5821B46EB023FF06E40FB2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="889174555146AFCBDD11800577C044A5" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanocyathus (Odontocyathus) nobilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nobilis" subGenus="Odontocyathus">Stephanocyathus (Odontocyathus) nobilis</taxonomicName>
(SAM_H1697, off Groot Berg Estuary, 1050 m)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5031042F875CC020C134BB9CF22183A0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
calicular view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
<emphasis id="96A5999369437830E48EBDD54821D184" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
basal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1E8FAC3524EDEEF33B835A8662C41386" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
<emphasis id="04ECECA72D22D90871206076E93569DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Tethocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tethocyathus virgatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="virgatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tethocyathus virgatus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0CC750321546BF366159146D7951EAFF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2F41226A3C0D1AF2616AA0E1B2DDD379" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Tethocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tethocyathus virgatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="virgatus">
<emphasis id="18494BAC3E1F2BBE8E800525F485A8D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tethocyathus virgatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SAMC_A073180, off Mazeppa Bay, 240-250 m)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
<emphasis id="275002AF7E2EC3A3DCAFF06420F32DB1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
calicular view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E3ED277FB684119EF6C82B7E89A055F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3FA5B31E56CDD3FB564AF09F2F3506E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="(Trochocyathus)" authorityName="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" baseAuthorityName="Trochocyathus" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Trochocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trochocyathus (Trochocyathus)" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Trochocyathus">Trochocyathus (Trochocyathus)</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="909C0953747047B6D9E0FE6506520044" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2BFE6BB17718673405BD435EEBD7AB1E" authority="(Trochocyathus)" authorityName="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" baseAuthorityName="Trochocyathus" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Trochocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trochocyathus (Trochocyathus)" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Trochocyathus">Trochocyathus (Trochocyathus)</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 (SAM_H1244, off East London, 59 m)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
<emphasis id="43431C9E76E732E752B8E061E960F95C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
calicular view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F9917177AE1AF8243EB352E03DDB74E0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>

View file

@ -1,41 +1,41 @@
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Adelomyrmex longinodus
<normalizedToken id="479C3E5586F692C0ADFEE1062419E9BD" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
&amp;