diff --git a/data/03/9E/87/039E87ACFFBD2D10E0DF78ECFA5FFE6B.xml b/data/03/9E/87/039E87ACFFBD2D10E0DF78ECFA5FFE6B.xml index f12d73b77ce..529515303cc 100644 --- a/data/03/9E/87/039E87ACFFBD2D10E0DF78ECFA5FFE6B.xml +++ b/data/03/9E/87/039E87ACFFBD2D10E0DF78ECFA5FFE6B.xml @@ -1,54 +1,53 @@ - - - -Chenzhilinus, a new subgenus of Euconnus Thomson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) from southern China + + + +Chenzhilinus, a new subgenus of Euconnus Thomson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) from southern China - - -Author + + +Author -Yin, Zi-Wei -Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China. +Yin, Zi-Wei +Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China. - - -Author + + +Author -Zhou, De-Yao -Jiading Agriculture Technology Extension Service Center, Jiading District, Shanghai 201403, China. +Zhou, De-Yao +Jiading Agriculture Technology Extension Service Center, Jiading District, Shanghai 201403, China. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-11-28 + +2024 + +2024-11-28 - -5541 + +5541 - -4 + +4 - -582 -592 + +582 +592 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5541.4.9 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5541.4.9 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5541.4.9 -1175-5326 -14243434 -4BB31837-9CF2-4C04-906B-5B741D3AA47A +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5541.4.9 +1175-5326 +4BB31837-9CF2-4C04-906B-5B741D3AA47A - + @@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ Chinese common name: ( -Figs 1–4 +Figs 1–4 ) @@ -164,7 +163,7 @@ long, formed by greatly broadened antennomeres 8–11, 8–10 subquadrate, gradu . Body (1A) moderately slender and dorso-ventrally weakly convex, length (combined length of head, pronotum and elytra) 1.97–1.98 mm ; coloration uniformly reddish-brown, mouthparts and tarsi paler. Head ( -Fig. 1B +Fig. 1B ) elongate sub-oval, broadest across eyes, length from anterior margin of clypeus to posterior margin of vertex 0.44–0.45 mm , width across eyes @@ -172,21 +171,21 @@ long, formed by greatly broadened antennomeres 8–11, 8–10 subquadrate, gradu ; supraantennal tubercles barely raised; eyes small, weakly convex; tempora in dorsal view approximately 2.0× as long as eyes. Punctures on vertex and frons conspicuous, becoming slightly finer anteriorly; setae long and dense, suberect; temporal margins with much longer and denser bristles. Antenna moderately long, 1.02–1.04 mm long, club ( -Fig. 1D +Fig. 1D ) formed by apical four enlarged antennomeres, occupying half-length of antenna, length 0.51–0.53 mm ; antennomere 1 broad and slightly elongate, 2 slightly elongate, weakly broadening from base to apex, 3–7 compact, each distinctly transverse, of subequal width, antennomere 8 slightly wider and much longer than 7, subquadrate, 9 as wide as and much shorter than 8, 10 much shorter than 9, slightly transverse, 11 slightly longer than 10, subconical. Pronotum ( -Fig. 1B +Fig. 1B ) in dorsal view bell-shaped, broadest approximately at middle, length along midline 0.49– 0.51 mm , maximum width 0.49 mm ; anterior margin slightly curved, sides slightly rounded, convergent from broadest point anteriorly and weakly narrowing toward base, posterior corners small and obtuse, posterior margin much broader than anterior margin, slightly convex at middle; pronotal base with two large, round pits, area between pits lacking carina, that posterior pits with fine wrinkles. Punctures of pronotal disc conspicuous and relatively sparse; setae similar to those of head, suberect, disc with sparse and margins with dense bristles. - + FIGURE 4. Aedeagus of @@ -218,21 +217,21 @@ Elytra together suboval and flattened dorsally, broadest at approximately basal Legs moderately long and slender, unmodified except for metacoxae; preapical portion of mesotibia with tufts of golden setae; metacoxa with short, blunt tubercle ( -Fig. 3E +Fig. 3E ; ct ) on ventral margin. Sternites 1 (III) and 2 (IV) each with one pair of disc-like tubercles on posterolateral margins ( -Fig. 3E +Fig. 3E ; lst ). Aedeagus ( -Fig. 1F, G +Fig. 1F, G ) rather stout, dorso-ventrally symmetric, length 0.22 mm , walls membranous; median lobe in dorsal view with apical plate broadly and abruptly narrowed at middle and protruding for short distance, apical margin emarginate at middle and with two admesal macrosetae, preapical region in lateral view slightly projecting; ventral plate indistinctly demarcated from dorsal plate by archived suture; parameres absent or completely fused with median lobe; endophallus composed of one short, transverse and another suboval sclerite at middle. diff --git a/data/13/51/87/13518791F03537542059E6B005D62AB2.xml b/data/13/51/87/13518791F03537542059E6B005D62AB2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d2c817896e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/13/51/87/13518791F03537542059E6B005D62AB2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,274 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and biogeography support ancient vicariance and subsequent dispersal out of Africa in Palpimanidae spiders (Araneae) + + + +Author + +Wood, Hannah M. +Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560 - 0188, USA +woodh@si.edu + + + +Author + +Kulkarni, Siddharth +School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Ŋiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India + + + +Author + +Ramírez, Martín J. +Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘ Bernardino Rivadavia’, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Scharff, Nikolaj +Zoology Section, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2024 + +2024-10-21 + + +202 + + +2 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae129 + +journal volume +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae129 +0024-4082 +66682C6-8BE2-4FEA-ABCA-28500C7CD8C9 + + + + + + + +Sitamacho tao + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +( +Figs 6 +, +7D +) + + + +Type: + +Male +holotype +( + +CASENT9053359 + +) and +paratypes +( +10 males +, +8 females +, and +9 juveniles +; +CASENT9070078 +): +Tanzania +, +Tanga +, + +W. +Usambara Mountains + +, +Mazumbai +; + +4°49 +ʹ +S + +, + +38°30 +ʹ +E + +, + +1400–1800 m + +, forest, sissing liưer, + +11–20 November 1995 + +; collected by +C. E. Griswold +, N. Scharff, and +D. Ubick. Deposited +in +CAS + +. + + +Etomology: +Ŋe specific name is Swahili for ‘arc’, for the Eastern Arc Mountains where this species occurs; used as a noun in apposition. + + +Diagnosis: +Ŋis species is diagnosed by the unique shape of the median apophysis in the male pedipalpal bulb, which is broad and serrated at the distal edge, and by the shape of the female genitalia, with a single bursa and a sclerotized plate that projects dorsad. + + + +Description of +holotype +male: + +Total length 1.88, carapace 0.87 long, carapace 0.69 wide, and sternum 0.54 long. Carapace, chelicerae, and sternum reddish brown. Abdomen 0.73 long. Abdomen pale yellowish white. Femur I 0.67, patella I 0.44, tibia I 0.42, metatarsus I 0.21, and tarsus 0.30. Legs all light reddish brown. Eye diameters: AME 0.072 and PLE 0.046. Pedipalpal bulb with embolus narrow and wiry, conductor curved and broad, median apophysis broad in shape, with serrated edge. + + + +Description of female +paratype +(CASENT9070078): + +Total length 2.63, carapace 1.09 long, carapace 0.85 wide, and sternum 0.62 long. Abdomen 1.44 long. Femur I 0.88, patella I 0.60, tibia I 0.52, metatarsus 0.23, and tarsus 0.34. Coloration same as male. Eye diameters: AME 0.074 and PLE 0.044. Female genitalia with a single bursa, with approximately five membranous sacs on long stalks originating on each lateral side of bursa, with a dorsally projecting sclerotized plate. + + +Variation: +Males ( +N += 5): total length 1.73–1.98, carapace length 0.79–0.97, femur I length 0.58–0.70, and ratio of AME:PLE 1.69–2.09. Females ( +N += 5): total length 2.07–2.69, carapace length 0.91–1.19, femur I length 0.73–0.83, and ratio of AME:PLE 1.44–1.83. + + +Distribution: +Known only from the +type +locality in the West Usambara Mountains in +Tanzania +. + + + + +Other material +: + +All from same locality as holotype and +paratypes + +; + +one male +, +three juveniles +, same locality as holotype except + +1400–1600 m + +, + +11–19 November 1995 + +, +pitfall traps +, +CASENT9070076 + +; + +four males +, +one female +, same locality as holotype except + +4°49 +ʹ +S + +, + +38°29.5 +ʹ +E + +, + +1800–1900 m + +, + +12–20 November 1995 + +, +pitfall traps +, +CASENT9070077 + +; + +one male +, +three females +, +one juvenile +, same locality as holotype except + +4°49 +ʹ +S + +, + +38°29.5 +ʹ +E + +, + +1800–1900 m + +, + +12–20 November 1995 + +, sissing liưer, +CASENT9070080 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/13/51/87/13518791F035375422FEE6C601D9281F.xml b/data/13/51/87/13518791F035375422FEE6C601D9281F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5311ab45112 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/13/51/87/13518791F035375422FEE6C601D9281F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,245 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and biogeography support ancient vicariance and subsequent dispersal out of Africa in Palpimanidae spiders (Araneae) + + + +Author + +Wood, Hannah M. +Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560 - 0188, USA +woodh@si.edu + + + +Author + +Kulkarni, Siddharth +School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Ŋiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India + + + +Author + +Ramírez, Martín J. +Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘ Bernardino Rivadavia’, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Scharff, Nikolaj +Zoology Section, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2024 + +2024-10-21 + + +202 + + +2 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae129 + +journal volume +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae129 +0024-4082 +66682C6-8BE2-4FEA-ABCA-28500C7CD8C9 + + + + + + +Genus + +Sarascelis +Simon, 1887 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Sarascelis chaperi +Simon, 1887 + +. + + + +Sceliraptor +Zonstein & Marusik, 2022 + +, by original designation ( +type +species = + +Sceliraptor murphyorum + +sp. nov. +). +New synonymy +. + + +Diagnosis: +Distinguished from all other +Chediminae +by the fused or partly fused tegular sclerites of the male copulatory bulb. + + +Included species: +Ten described species: + +Sarascelis chaperi +Simon, 1887 + +, + +Sarascelis jaegeri +(Zonstein & Marusik, 2022) + +, here transferred from + +Sceliraptor + +, +comb. nov. +, + +Sarascelis junquai +Jézéquel, 1964 + +, + +Sarascelis kilimandjari +(Berland, 1920) + +, + +Sarascelis lamtoensis +Jézéquel, 1964 + +, + +Sarascelis luteipes +Simon, 1887 + +, + +Sarascelis murphyorum +(Zonstein & Marusik, 2022) + +, here transferred from + +Sceliraptor + +, +comb. nov. +, + +Sarascelis namratae + +, + +Sarascelis raffrayi +Simon, 1893 + +, and + +Sarascelis rebiereae +Jézéquel, 1964 + +; and two undescribed species included in our phylogeny. + + +Distribution: +Africa, including +São Tomé and Príncipe +, +India +, and +Singapore +. + + +Discussion: +Our phylogeny includes one undescribed species, labelled ‘ + +Sarascelis +sp. + +34 HW0295’, that would be considered + +Sceliraptor + +based on the diagnosis by +Zonstein and Marusik (2022a) +( +Fig. 7C, F +). Ŋis specimen nests within + +Sarascelis + +with strong support ( +Fig. 2 +), justifying this transfer. Species originally included + +Sceliraptor + +, rather than having the fully fused tegular sclerites of + +Sarascelis + +, have partly fused sclerites and retain a circular patch of membranous tissue that stands out from the surrounding sclerotized cuticle ( +Fig. 7C +). Ŋis undescribed specimen (sp. 34 +HW +0295) shares other traits of + +Sceliraptor + +, including large teeth on the paired tarsal claws and a deep narrow slit-like fovea; however, this specimen has very fine stridulatory ridges. + +Sarascelis namratae + +, from +India +, was transferred to + +Sarascelis + +from + +Palpimanus + +by +Sankaran (2021) +, but based on the widely separated lateral eyes, it is likely to belongs in + +Palpimanus + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/13/51/87/13518791F035375522CBE36D01B02A23.xml b/data/13/51/87/13518791F035375522CBE36D01B02A23.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..df1825603c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/13/51/87/13518791F035375522CBE36D01B02A23.xml @@ -0,0 +1,270 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and biogeography support ancient vicariance and subsequent dispersal out of Africa in Palpimanidae spiders (Araneae) + + + +Author + +Wood, Hannah M. +Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560 - 0188, USA +woodh@si.edu + + + +Author + +Kulkarni, Siddharth +School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Ŋiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India + + + +Author + +Ramírez, Martín J. +Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘ Bernardino Rivadavia’, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Scharff, Nikolaj +Zoology Section, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2024 + +2024-10-21 + + +202 + + +2 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae129 + +journal volume +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae129 +0024-4082 +66682C6-8BE2-4FEA-ABCA-28500C7CD8C9 + + + + + + +Genus + +Scelidocteus +Simon, 1907 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Scelidocteus pachypus +Simon, 1907 + +. + + + +Sceliscelis +Oketch & Li, 2020 + +, in + +Oketch +et al. +2020 + +, by original designation ( +type +species = + +Sceliscelis marshi + +). +New synonymy +. + + +Diagnosis: +In most species, the male palpal bulb contains only a pronounced embolus and conductor, which can spiral around each other ( +Benoit 1974 +: figs 12, 13), but in many it is only the embolus that has a basal spiral (see + +Oketch +et al. +2020 + +: fig. 3C–E). In general, the female genitalia are heavily sclerotized, more so than in other palpimanid genera, with a distinct anterior pair of spermathecae dorsal to large membranous sac-like spermathecae (see + +Oketch +et al. +2020 + +: fig. 4D). + + +Included species: +Ten described species: + +Scelidocteus baccatus +Simon, 1907 + +, + +Scelidocteus berlandi +Lessert, 1939 + +, + +Scelidocteus incisus +(Tullgren, 1910) + +, + +Scelidocteus lamotei +Jézéquel, 1964 + +, + +Scelidocteus marshi +(Oketch & Li, 2020) + +, here transferred from + +Sceliscelis + +, +comb. nov. +, + +Scelidocteus ochreatus +Simon, 1907 + +, + +Scelidocteus pachypus +Simon, 1907 + +, + +Scelidocteus schoutedeni +Benoit, 1974 + +, + +Scelidocteus taitave +Oketch & Li, 2020 + +, and + +Scelidocteus vuatouxi +Jézéquel, 1964 + +; and 13 undescribed species included in our phylogeny. + + + +Figure 7. +Morphology of + +Sitamacho tao + +(D), + +Sitamacho lesserti + +(A, B, E), and an undescribed + +Sarascelis + +‘sp. 34 HW0295’ (C, F). A, B, + +Sitamacho lesserti + +, male holotype, less pedipalpal bulb: A, ventral view; B, retrolateral view. E, + +Sitamacho lesserti + +, male holotype, dorsal view. D, + +Sitamacho tao + +, female, dorsal view (CASENT9070078). C, + +Sarascelis +sp. + +34 HW0295, male, less pedipalpal bulb, prolateral view (CASENT9070042). F, + +Sarascelis +sp. + +34 HW0295, male, dorsal view (CASENT9070042). Abbreviations: C, conductor; E, embolus; MA, median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.25 mm in C; 1 mm in D, F. Images A–B, E by C. Grismado. + + + +Distribution: +Africa, including +São Tomé and Príncipe +. + + +Discussion: +Our phylogeny includes + +Sceliscelis marshi + +(specimens HW0262 and +HW +0471), which nests within + +Scelidocteus + +with strong support, justifying this transfer. + +Sceliscelis + +was diagnosed by a small hook at the end of the embolus; however, the fine details of the embolus are ossen species specific rather than genus specific. Other diagnostic features proposed for + +Sceliscelis + +, such as a more rugose carapace (i.e. larger tubercles) and less developed scopulae on leg I, are qualitative and likely to be continuous within + +Scelidocteus + +. It was also proposed that the posterior, sclerotized edge of the epigastric plate (epigynum) is strongly undulating and that there are sac-like receptacles, but this also occurs in + +Scelidocteus + +(cf. + +Oketch +et al. +2020 + +: figs 2C, D, 3C, D). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/13/51/87/13518791F036375422CBE73A06AB2DC3.xml b/data/13/51/87/13518791F036375422CBE73A06AB2DC3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6a3db938f71 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/13/51/87/13518791F036375422CBE73A06AB2DC3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and biogeography support ancient vicariance and subsequent dispersal out of Africa in Palpimanidae spiders (Araneae) + + + +Author + +Wood, Hannah M. +Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560 - 0188, USA +woodh@si.edu + + + +Author + +Kulkarni, Siddharth +School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Ŋiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India + + + +Author + +Ramírez, Martín J. +Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘ Bernardino Rivadavia’, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Scharff, Nikolaj +Zoology Section, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2024 + +2024-10-21 + + +202 + + +2 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae129 + +journal volume +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae129 +0024-4082 +66682C6-8BE2-4FEA-ABCA-28500C7CD8C9 + + + + + + +Genus + +Sitamacho + +gen. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +species: +Sitamacho tao + +sp. nov. + + +Etymology: +Ŋe name ‘sita’ is Swahili for six, and ‘macho’ is Swahili for ‘eyes’, for the six eyes found in these spiders; the gender is feminine. + + +Diagnosis: +Distinguished from all other palpimanids except + +Hybosida + +by having six eyes, with the posterior median eyes ( +PME +) absent or vestigial. Distinguished from + +Hybosida + +by the unique shape of the fovea, appearing like a wide, inverted ‘u’ in dorsal view, and consisting of two slits/seams that diverge posteriorly ( +Fig. 6D, G +). + + +Description: +Body ~ +2 mm +long. Carapace, sternum, and chelicerae reddish brown. Carapace with fine tubercles, with scale texture on the lateral and posterior surfaces, with small setae that are longer around the eyes. Carapace domed, highest in middle, then steeply sloping down. Clypeus tall, approximately three times AME diameter. Chelicerae with patch of fine stridulatory ridges, with peg teeth present. Sternum, with scale texture, fused with intercoxal sclerites. Labium triangular, with a deep notch. Subcheliceral sclerite fused with carapace, forming foramen around cheliceral bases. Fovea bipartite, consisting of two slits that diverge posteriorly. AME approximately two times larger than +LE +. +LE +contiguous. +PME +absent or rudimentary. Legs, ordered by size from largest to smallest 1423, light reddish brown, without spines, with a thick brush of thickened setae on distal, ventral edge of metatarsi II–IV. Leg I most robust, with enlarged femora, and with patella about twice as long as femora. Tarsi with two superior claws with teeth, and light claw tusss present. Abdomen pale yellow, uniformly scaưered with light brown setae. Sclerotization encircling anterior portion of abdomen, extending to epigastric furrow. Light sclerotization around tracheal spiracle opening. ALS present; +PMS +and +PLS +absent. Female genitalia known only in + +Sitamacho tao + +, described below. Male pedipalpal bulbs with a small conductor, an embolus that is mostly hidden within the bulb until expansion, and a median apophysis. Female pedipalps with prolateral brush of hairs and with thickened tibia and tarsus. + + +Included species: +Ŋree described species, here transferred from + +Hybosida + +as new combinations: + +Sitamacho lesserti +(Berland, 1920) + +, + +Sitamacho machondogo +(Oketch & Li, 2020) + +, and + +Sitamacho scabra +(Simon & Fage, 1922) + +, plus + +Sitamacho tao + +sp. nov. +and two undescribed species included in our phylogeny. + + +Distribution: +East Africa. + + +Discussion: +Ŋe undescribed + +Sitamacho +species + +and + +Sitamacho tao + +are morphologically similar to the described species, here transferred from + +Hybosida + +. Ŋese species share the uniquely shaped fovea, have no +PME +, and have a common configuration of the male palp (compare +Figs 6A–F +with 7A, B, D, E). + + + + \ No newline at end of file