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<mods:title id="13244B1B6C564BA6029846AEE07522CC">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="33436C98E0EF82C3476A132640C777F2">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C72126718B21D49AB6EDFE36AB45E710">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A1F8F22E402DE918C6611E2AE6394587">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="96B3F0635874DE9BC5C67F763B7AF208">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="142BE80F4652E51F04A9C957F84AAEA5">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C4C7DC42442EA73863CCD3ADDD829C06">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="343970A4EB0E96363B8E45FDE8D3BC8C">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="D4F46182E97CF602F65F6F34BD81322D">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="DD9E15F9C85B62B79C5041CB5C363E33">
<taxonomicName id="2B39AADF2648D6D1FC06281A97361AB1" authority="Lewis &amp; Kojima" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decoratus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="121553D653F0EAA292F76EF05379E418" italics="true">Aphanerostethus decoratus</emphasis>
Lewis &amp; Kojima
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ED1B6E94BC1800DE3A67170BD310981D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FCCC79188ED09D9D76F020BC3826E2CF" type="description">
<paragraph id="BCC6E0A430CAE0833E08C51442346159">
<figureCitation id="153713ECE530C54849E4500F94A9AF6F" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A Aphanerostethus armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) B D Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092, 101, and 103, respectively) E Aphanerostethus decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) F Aphanerostethus spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163068">Figs 4 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EC4292FCDE20AD09C46CAAE0D52283E1" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus elytra with scales removed, revealing differences in the length of the 10 th elytral stria. The yellow and red arrows indicate the base and apex of the 10 th elytral stria, respectively A Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) B A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 172) C A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 115) D A. decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) E A. distinctus (Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0089414) F A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 070)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163074">10 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B283B1FC91AFBB4BB2B3561F52937B25" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus with the right elytron removed, revealing differences in the length, width, and venation of the hindwing (as shown here, the hindwing is affixed to the inner surface of the elytron in most specimens). A lateral view of the full body is shown below each close-up for reference. The red, blue, and yellow arrows indicate the base, midpoint, and apex of the hindwing, respectively A Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) B A. decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) C A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 041) D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 032)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163075">11 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D1C192585F5AF5D1400B0DD2EC7A7789" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) C, D Aphanerostethus decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163078">14 C, D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQNCI" type="material">
<paragraph id="2C162EA6C10E527C9A484200EA8C8971">
<heading id="256A82E2B6704D8F462E3A0427189401" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3F5EBCAF49DFA984AF7E6ECC3108044">
<materialsCitation id="17927EFFB13D408B7488ADAD3CEC75A7" collectingDate="1990-04-02" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="J. Mateu" country="Malaysia" location="Cameron Highlands" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="A4AF2995EDB69E0EA6C84C7B928B81DB" bold="true">
<emphasis id="C2DA79191B04193BA075A762C9630E6F" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="43851AD4A831150BAD7B1886EB723BF8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="AB765CCA988C022F346BC717910CA6AD" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<location id="63D7DE3C3DF56F7D20BBD2249FD4FA39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18A0BBAE835B5F66AA3E7B58AA20FAAD:63D7DE3C3DF56F7D20BBD2249FD4FA39" country="Malaysia" name="Cameron Highlands">Cameron Highlands</location>
,
<date id="2798F603B9222742F3C79746E37206F4" value="1990-04-02">
<collectingDate id="5F58E1A7984C75D36FA68AA4DB4A2A6D" value="1990-04-02">2. IV. 1990</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D477F2B05D2776282894FBAE8F8327AA">J. Mateu</collectorName>
, deposited in
<named-content id="2A982D62558B3BA3A796087A379F5FBC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
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,
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_ DAR _ 079.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6NCI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3AB7879525240E0B11F78F87BA60811F">
<heading id="74D5A05C16C44DB5501AB0AFEA5A6CEF" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0597D1F59C6218BC361A08F221E5A07D">
Body length
<quantity id="B4365BCBC860675B667164AE9A730E73" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="96027BA68FDF6B54D3FA22FB92670C26">
<emphasis id="8B07BE75896515502A19232495E6FEAB" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="67C66992F8298254828AE9F59E1C77DC" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
covered in dark to pale brown scales, with distinct, dark, V-shaped band across anterior part of elytra. Funicle with six articles. Procoxae contiguous. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Only odd-numbered elytral intervals with erect scales. Elytral scales concentrated in bundle on first interval at midpoint. Scutellum prominent. Femora with large ventral tooth at midpoint. Metaventrite with a distinct elevated transverse ridge separating the meta- and mesocoxae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELOCI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="18F9A981710088A6868C69107DE0FBBB">
<heading id="CEAB29A4FC0264B388AE564E927CA2F5" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6070A282695C107C5EA82AA398598E84">
This species is currently only known from
<specimenCount id="650AC790748F1DBD23CF1434CDF5EF8F" count="1" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
collected at Cameron Highlands,
<collectingCountry id="7CE1CE6017E4F51DE4740475DDE8609F" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQOCI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8815C3E8F4B2AD0784A472117F2641AC">
<heading id="DD33B32A754FF8002C51879AF2A7421A" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="31FDB8756191F6D40A3BEC820F7DD6A2">
The specific name
<taxonomicName id="304DD02E3FC5A47E7CC2DFC879B013FB" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decoratus">
<emphasis id="203B6EA04C7006B2F4284D64311E1E24" italics="true">decoratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latin participle in reference to the posterior half of the elytra which is adorned with a dense tuft of erect scales.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:title id="097EF2FE7758D62A470F70F798B5F5E5">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="082C6F947BC82C026C04FBC5D66E41D9">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role id="575492A7F870B2EB83ACBD62C1E54A2E">
<mods:roleTerm id="24E52D8473012594CBC3C44AC61F0F0E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="02CAD1D50894119972A0567E667C1A5B">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C5C07F5727F6BE8E719E9F4539B2D97A">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8AD69AF0D76E40032E4941D535FFAF84" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7223B0166D3EFBE09246859C45863107">
<mods:roleTerm id="6B4F5628AA193F31D1192CCF668102C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D0EFB2F0229B317E1F9180A8BC045A9C">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="670E39DCAE3BA709ABA668EA114E161B" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4408-0458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D056F5AD432C4A72570CB695D6E2964E">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B4BAE0984021569D11CE23EE8DDE14E0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A39C8D24A60EA1F035B3EE2DEB4AF2A7">
<mods:roleTerm id="32C1A8402D270C31EE44578ABA63941C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FA95AB5571DB78A18CA1D27DAA0BBC69">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D7916B5AAF815E17A19B114FBEE9FBFE" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1758-7599</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="47CB10259FF39F3EDBACB76D18E7B3E4">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D2F86581204FCD3EF1C2F410180B6345" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2A6565C62C9C2F635701E02AB1ED70C3">
<mods:roleTerm id="15C353F89D09EA920EF013A9F63665B7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="50B6B9B4D0FB6BACBCA9888355EE9D62">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="348B235F1D3BC817F30B8C253E8BBE9A" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1758-903X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6888836763D8201ADF073222FF01F2A6">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DAB4BB93B59E2ECDA07C7550BA4AB028" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F215E99E3E3E1BB3094AF6AB601E1D5F">
<mods:roleTerm id="42ABBAAD05785256057E13A441D98119">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0ABE375140EA9C6CA2D2DFBFDEC9F625">Warren, Dan L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="684630250B5AFB6288D8679FF05A991D" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8747-2451</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8468B1455792C657B68A85E493DAB4C2">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="EA6CA91BDE2F61DD85177C7DACD7056A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="DE9A3D4C96FA7F114333774F404A0817" type="host">
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</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="AB4F97F47CC36665E59DA7951D8DC692">
<mods:date id="8142B6D7C8D6E5A54E176936DD81D301">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AA94812C3C9E0D25011BB225D1984644">2024-10-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="34CD6BE0886954135EC56EAB865F41A5" type="volume">
<mods:number id="6440B126A3CD3B7C85EDAC12A9E5C50C">1217</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FF48D427AF8A1574261519DA05DB96F6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0BD277AE470B7AAE9465793DC318FE4B" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DCE038149227862AF51FF1977D413007" type="ZooBank">2B699BE7-7D73-4E62-BB4C-7B6090DC7568</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734" ID-arpha="1A55E5DE-4AD7-52D4-AA87-A42D0C6B3734" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734">
<subSubSection id="31616FB5E41C34426869861ADE434C6A" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2850B9149C29E186D19855B8D2A03EAE">
<taxonomicName id="7174297B86B74D7293F5D04E839FEBCD" ID-CoL="5VMHH" authority="Voss, 1957" authorityName="Voss" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vannideki">
<emphasis id="539E2D4EDC518974DF6F608FDE8D2D7A" italics="true">Aphanerostethus vannideki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4D3BED2AC9BA6B2B72F49040F0910E8C" author="Voss E" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pagination="7-63" refId="B63" refString="Voss E (1957) Neue und bekannte, vorwiegend indonesische Curculioniden (Coleoptera). Treubia 24 (1): 7 - 63." title="Neue und bekannte, vorwiegend indonesische Curculioniden (Coleoptera)." volume="24" year="1957">Voss, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="00CCE843DC7EEC95FCE3D8FDB4277DFE" type="description">
<paragraph id="4A2D474428FC0A6068A4F7C34C16DB19">
<figureCitation id="9324677D10E93A149387B29F80E6395A" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A D Aphanerostethus vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082 (A), ZMA _ 5517696 (B), ZMH _ 841853 (C), and ZMA _ 5517698 (D), respectively) E, F Aphanerostethus darlingi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 125, JHLHY _ DAR _ 126)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163073">Figs 9 A D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9BF6696B693B267DD69E68B9CA84EB65" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 U, V</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="707ACC63BA66D5220B12AE2457304C0C" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 084) C, D Aphanerostethus vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 081). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163085">21 C, D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELBBK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="F073348C3B9ED9AC21B6D62786A956E5">
<heading id="5A660490B7288DD3407F082792073E57" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C89044D0C8733387786699B940575B49">
<materialsCitation id="2B46F0DB1AF43178097BAD10AED9D55F" collectingDate="1948-12-18" collectionCode="RMNH, JHLHY" collectorName="C. Van Nidek" country="Indonesia" location="Depok" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Jawa Barat" typeStatus="neotype">
<emphasis id="F15C082F82C513AD95DF4F46D65FEEB0" bold="true">
<emphasis id="713CDE716DCE0310658157FDA2DC574B" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="6C5FBC7B82BB95C7E1C6E45EC648EEB4" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(designated here):
<collectingCountry id="6E058284965D4C7B19AA64DE39D4E7AE" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4791C0570241A1B35B18ECF22DC30D06" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Barat">West Java</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<location id="57DAF959CD245564C33F7081E7A42300" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734:57DAF959CD245564C33F7081E7A42300" country="Indonesia" name="Depok" stateProvince="Jawa Barat">Depok</location>
,
<date id="BB8C1E618871B6F8623B25EDC033FFA6" value="1948-12-18">
<collectingDate id="4845F3F10C27BE9430F1B8D839B0842E" value="1948-12-18">18. XII. 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="5E905151601FAC4F28531882BD6C3003">C. Van Nidek</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="AD92D4ED70671637FA0819566DB9EA47" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museum-natural-history-naturalis" xlink_title="Naturalis Biodiversity Centre">
<collectionCode id="7C73D54D52DFAA85431828073FA6B45B" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
), ZMAN type COLE. 1673.1,
<collectionCode id="8FABFC0D0DEC9A9FE72ABAB03851B8A8">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 191, bears red label reading “
<typeStatus id="6163AD20A4E3427B28E5C66906394E27" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
” as well as new, red
<typeStatus id="1A6765996D73E2EE5C8626C7B68EBB3F" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
label
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="A013654D5D39C91F8C4DFDC03E320D1C" collectingDate="1948-02-29" collectionCode="ZMH" collectorName="C. Van Nidek" country="Indonesia" location="Depok" specimenCode="ZMH 841850" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Jawa Barat" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B89D032B1D7AA6C5D8E68AE988221BFD" bold="true">
<emphasis id="E791B4488D6855FF422F7B1595DE05A2" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="2EDF1AD07CB033796885414D2E03434F" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="EBE1DC932599B0CD66BD4B27DE093D9A" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="9CC70A256D8CF2C7012B0DEB242CEF52" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Barat">West Java</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<location id="3A9FEADCDAD200254AD70A132E3A8C66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734:3A9FEADCDAD200254AD70A132E3A8C66" country="Indonesia" name="Depok" stateProvince="Jawa Barat">Depok</location>
,
<date id="CF2DC3E44339F99DD2C33338132B6354" value="1948-02-29">
<collectingDate id="C09B1835B8F99C6B8F8A4FD529590098" value="1948-02-29">29. II. 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1C21A222323E74EEBC76E91745578430">C. Van Nidek</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="32B3FD49884D5803AE7DEBFB5A0D5B59" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">
<collectionCode id="801054E87FAAE79EBE692B9BECBB1B51" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<specimenCode id="C2F2FA06BD009DEBEBFD270CD81E4076" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">
<named-content id="7282EE11BF5A0B7E1240C4557DDD4113" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">ZMH</named-content>
841850
</specimenCode>
, bears red label reading “
<typeStatus id="DD11CA748EFDC91163DD322749C664DC" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="42819DDA5212FCAFD6B00C415D99B21C" collectingDate="1948-09-12" collectionCode="ZMH" collectorName="C. Van Nidek" country="Indonesia" location="Depok" specimenCode="ZMH 841852" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Barat" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="7B1853897CCE8887A1FA2078FCA07D32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734:7B1853897CCE8887A1FA2078FCA07D32" country="Indonesia" name="Depok" stateProvince="Jawa Barat">Depok</location>
,
<date id="9E84DA8FA70B3A7B3C8B285CCA673964" value="1948-09-12">
<collectingDate id="C32AFA790AEFFEA327A99B315FCDF53B" value="1948-09-12">12. IX. 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="AB4B251249E6C8BBC24BD98C0449A7E5">C. Van Nidek</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="B0B86924B29637B51D5C91E59F73283A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">
<collectionCode id="63BBEDE58934F83BFCE1C1E67A484F0F" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<specimenCode id="21D7F8ADC96F6908454488956541A636" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">
<named-content id="7D7B7318F6343147AB31BB5240BBD10C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">ZMH</named-content>
841852
</specimenCode>
, bears original red label reading “
<typeStatus id="B16296F59F88F102DA07FAFB2CAD9D48" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOCBK" type="material">
<paragraph id="9C2CF502E73E6FF86220BD4F5684BF8E">
<heading id="627F7838E71D6F49EBAA325F40BF9F6C" reason="title">Notable historical material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="07B9B15EE102D059F6612076CEDA06B1">
<materialsCitation id="73D603ED8D34226B82B6B76BEF87CDF3" collectingDate="1948-07-31" collectionCode="ZMH" collectorName="C. Van Nidek" country="Indonesia" location="Depok" specimenCode="ZMH 841853" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Barat" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="6515A32A015E2923DA2E465ADE78F4EA" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="18560455D0112F69A02851F497C308E1" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="F1F369C0EC482233175C7C1CC02F4F52" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Barat">West Java</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<location id="163B3329230164A272C438803F1CF638" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734:163B3329230164A272C438803F1CF638" country="Indonesia" name="Depok" stateProvince="Jawa Barat">Depok</location>
,
<date id="413839E4DD50CC6CCDA67F2206B195AE" value="1948-07-31">
<collectingDate id="925CA8FB0C8920B09A57CCDA927E8DD8" value="1948-07-31">31. VII. 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="241619E00BEB6FFBC6769B9D0699676F">C. Van Nidek</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="4F51346298E58DCB4FFFE771A2467BEF" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">
<collectionCode id="409D9445025558B55E5829E322FD4924" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<specimenCode id="B0223303B0D47B3036C49C12E5E1D03F" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">
<named-content id="CE01C95BD28C9C309D3600579662BC45" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">ZMH</named-content>
841853
</specimenCode>
, bears red label reading “
<typeStatus id="F7614C6192246FD37A2E58674D014C38" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="C031640507531F1E303E2EEBA9DB65B9" collectingDate="1949-01-12" collectionCode="ZMH" collectorName="C. Van Nidek" country="Indonesia" location="Depok" specimenCode="ZMH 841851" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Barat" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="A020B05E10D332106DFDC5A02B8D206F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734:A020B05E10D332106DFDC5A02B8D206F" country="Indonesia" name="Depok" stateProvince="Jawa Barat">Depok</location>
,
<date id="7F49A8F0ECA12675014163070ACA8650" value="1949-01-12">
<collectingDate id="EF124A102A04FA30AED651C71761CAAA" value="1949-01-12">12. I. 1949</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="030A7A0E0245FCE3B691528E586B9714">C. Van Nidek</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="C1AB4DF1E25E8729A8F59AA2DB62D473" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">
<collectionCode id="B033844911353995A510F36397DA1A11" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<specimenCode id="5B261A38A68BC9D728ACA3CE6C226CDF" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">
<named-content id="21E1C879C2C8D2E8643A7A4BDD31AEA0" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">ZMH</named-content>
841851
</specimenCode>
, bears red label reading “
<typeStatus id="36716857BF23BF1FB466321976879ED2" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGDBK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="2DAF6FED29F9AE46F083D7024F8C8B0E">
<heading id="9B18149D09848DC0B24660547F2E384F" reason="title">Non-type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA5A1BFEDCEAD1F1A0987DA0329B5F16">
<materialsCitation id="0E0EC242DB8146D4E0E15FCF7CE4AE6C" collectingDate="1949-10" collectingDateMax="1949-12-31" collectingDateMin="1949-10" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="C. Van Nidek" country="Indonesia" location="Depok" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Barat">
<emphasis id="52D5F67BA6E4AEBE69BAC327EE7DE628" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="20280118A0E5855CADA1BFA5C24DD1CD" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="67EC142EA6F523F1E0A3AFF169F86368" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Barat">West Java</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<location id="07EB3F827D63F5D2126CB346F9F76CCF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734:07EB3F827D63F5D2126CB346F9F76CCF" country="Indonesia" name="Depok" stateProvince="Jawa Barat">Depok</location>
,
<date id="11320F98419B16F8C2C67854589824F4" value="1949-10" valueMax="1949-12-31" valueMin="1949-10-00">
<collectingDate id="FD9ABBCDB02394CA969E32F62322F0CC" value="1949-10" valueMax="1949-12-31" valueMin="1949-10-00">X XII. 1949</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="292E4907D9C593D845E764CD12824DCC">C. Van Nidek</collectorName>
, (5,
<named-content id="281C342DA9E6827BB3BA6AC0989219F2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museum-natural-history-naturalis" xlink_title="Naturalis Biodiversity Centre">
<collectionCode id="18B99090E644BD173895E8785AAF94C8" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
), ZMA. INS. 5117697 ZMA. INS. 5117700
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="E7538C246C9300D886B856C41B1736C7" collectingDate="1997-05-08" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="T. Takano" country="Malaysia" location="Kuching" municipality="Santubon" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sarawak">
<emphasis id="D3596E6EEA75C6035F5C2A2301F59BB9" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="C3E14DB2EACBBC74FF50DA443631F8B4" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingMunicipality id="67105AEDBCF9FD349B01CC2F0010B626">Santubon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="5273C4A75EF9A4BDCA22D5113C4199EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734:5273C4A75EF9A4BDCA22D5113C4199EE" country="Malaysia" municipality="Santubon" name="Kuching" stateProvince="Sarawak">Kuching</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="35394172C972058FB12D2AF82CBBCF2B" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="76119B5053CC085F6CD25D8EE0C60110" value="1997-05-08">
<collectingDate id="9496191D87009BA479C5A1EC26420BA2" value="1997-05-08">8. V. 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D05C4201FB96FD59A4B3CAADB96A84E9">T. Takano</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="9CF319F7A3297BFAFEA745558F516FAA" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="64E32F3A85FD5C8F3BA81AA98B08060B">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="706A77884EB5085C01B36A2EAE332C07">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 001
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="64D3351818F38DDBD93D4297DEBA840B" collectingDate="1981-07-23" collectingDateMax="1981-08-04" collectingDateMin="1981-07-23" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="K. Morimoto" country="Malaysia" location="Sandakan" municipality="Sepilok" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sabah">
<collectingMunicipality id="3B36683013000234FA904C254DB8CA1B">Sepilok</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="BAC31F210AA25282B3070651A42F2DDD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734:BAC31F210AA25282B3070651A42F2DDD" country="Malaysia" municipality="Sepilok" name="Sandakan" stateProvince="Sabah">Sandakan</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="1A90585408F6C4805DA63DB1FA417388" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="CB32DDB432694271582DB8613434EC88" value="1981-07-23" valueMax="1981-08-04" valueMin="1981-07-23">
<collectingDate id="0D3ED84D6CA80D89F149B29E80EE895F" value="1981-07-23" valueMax="1981-08-04" valueMin="1981-07-23">23. VII 4. VIII. 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="6F8F8D46458E4F6B5BC49B7E71415C8A">K. Morimoto</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="EEC7DF766994A40090ABEAD1B7023F0E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="0FE7B04F66DFF9DF8DA6975E9EB99B8E">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="DC4DFB22D6672CCDD6EB9400E7F8D9EC">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 082
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="9A401F1B70AA0912F6D0562537915029" collectingDate="1993-03-06" collectingDateMax="1993-03-10" collectingDateMin="1993-03-06" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Malaysia" location="Keningau" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sabah">
<collectingRegion id="DDC99C5411714623ED0DC9FC95CA5461" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="D372EF7B94DC65DAA3D55AAFA7045260" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6898112" unit="mi" value="10.5">10.5 miles</quantity>
from
<location id="6235CF34FC37B24D0FE0225E07B95E72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A55E5DE4AD752D4AA87A42D0C6B3734:6235CF34FC37B24D0FE0225E07B95E72" country="Malaysia" name="Keningau" stateProvince="Sabah">Keningau</location>
,
<date id="DA7E092408CD07908D9D4E859180EE55" value="1993-03-06" valueMax="1993-03-10" valueMin="1993-03-06">
<collectingDate id="0858B804E7215C2A0FE8C6602B06D5B5" value="1993-03-06" valueMax="1993-03-10" valueMin="1993-03-06">610. III. 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0E38AD4F90BC4CE01D915A92A503585B">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="F3D29E61AC4288D7031F9D9B8FC3D7C2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="54667DDCDDEC133A584D68809F328E40">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="461ED74D465551B4B1012BED035DEB06">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 081
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EAEBK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="FD7475741F7EF34FDFEE00E6C857CCD5">
<heading id="A9BF6B3E7CDB7468001EBF0FAD6FB25F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63BACAD2C08CC3E2DBCF4A0788B5B0EE">
Body length
<quantity id="5CE22F9F24B2118E2EEE216415097683" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.1" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.1">2.12.4 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="547ED49A545275E460E121CE3A6EFF74">
<emphasis id="E28118CC8151159A91E4CEA45BDA3EA6" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="C8F0344EC017B53897C88158825398B5" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
covered in dark to pale brown scales, with dark, V-shaped band across anterior part of elytra. Funicle with six articles. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Procoxae separated, and bordered posteriorly by two large projections which receive the rostrum in repose. Femora with prominent ventral teeth. Metaventrite with a distinct elevated transverse ridge separating the meta- and mesocoxae. Metatibial uncus simple in both sexes. Aedeagus tapering at apex, and abruptly curved ventrally at apex in lateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A4C6C5AE1CEF7E298C623167DE91D579" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 U, V</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQEBK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3CB84814926F93BC0FCD781BF9AEC62A">
<heading id="78942DE9DD0CCECA7F2CC91D464479D8" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D4D531FC66D7AD7B5189C18823B330A">
This species is known from
<collectingCountry id="821FA325EE1B954FDA43248D97B21B00" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C4D5B4D9735A0830B6C2B1A3611590C1" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Barat">West Java</collectingRegion>
) and
<collectingCountry id="69006083D1879AE41CF24B9C51F5ED5C" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="92ACB012E013815DBCB1EFB7386A9981" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A9CDC2A655ACCA3B38FA23F78F8F5E6C" name="Malaysia">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVEBK" type="comments">
<paragraph id="768328DE77917766628EC1CF3B5031DA">
<heading id="DCF874979BA8C29489F86B696FD92735" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="386CF6E65689E52B5142348EC8835590">
<bibRefCitation id="6A722899A16CE98E416910EEEC43F4F6" author="Voss E" firstAuthor="Voss" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pagination="7-63" refId="B63" refString="Voss E (1957) Neue und bekannte, vorwiegend indonesische Curculioniden (Coleoptera). Treubia 24 (1): 763." title="Neue und bekannte, vorwiegend indonesische Curculioniden (Coleoptera)." volume="24" year="1957">Voss (1957)</bibRefCitation>
mentions
<specimenCount id="69CC6A7FF0F091B284B2E31B929B7785" count="4" type="generic">four type</specimenCount>
specimens in his original description, three of which (
<named-content id="0936F0508A5982F996199E4F4B58C6B1" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">
<collectionCode id="B6C668A17C82F6C133406956CB0B83DD" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
841852,
<named-content id="9D5043C7C696C4E5581D64F2838D9A47" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">
<collectionCode id="CF2DC16986B8B93D5C0289DDFCCFFD17" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
841850, ZMAN type COLE. 1673.1) were examined here, as the collection dates / locality / collector data matches the specimens listed in Vosss description. These
<specimenCount id="D4ECE9F8AB9DCDF55D0E833A3C74517A" count="3" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
bear red labels reading “
<typeStatus id="1D66940D706CF6027DB79FA6D6571A18" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
”, suggesting that there is also a
<typeStatus id="7A6ABE24A18D4E1FC1AAAD9FE6C87DBB" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; however, no
<typeStatus id="BEDD7EDB344647DF956C9F202023FBA0" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is mentioned in Vosss paper and we could not locate the
<typeStatus id="6F717492BBB6FA0E0BAF24B6195323B3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Two additional specimens in the
<named-content id="568427A5961C10284303E6B1AB035D9E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">
<collectionCode id="4E42457257E70DAFB60C6A7402A8275D" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
collection (
<named-content id="D713B88D0ACA127A1B90BC4E2CF67E18" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">
<collectionCode id="0225DA045AF31F6C2D022D6302B88FED" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
841853,
<named-content id="07DD9809A19348CB4F1917333776EA5D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-museum-hamburg" xlink_title="Zoological Museum Hamburg">
<collectionCode id="5561BCED45FAE65DA25F51F72A00A539" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
</named-content>
841851) with identical locality and collector data (Depok, C. Van Nidek) bear the same red
<typeStatus id="86C1D4BB45AC44A4ABFFA4CCDBE26F7A" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
labels, but have the collection dates “ 31-7 - 48 ” and “ 12-1 - 49 ” which do not appear in Vosss original description. As no
<typeStatus id="DBF2A8D858010672B09EAF29BDD39B70" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was clearly designated, and as we were unable to locate any
<typeStatus id="527E747F4AED309F0BE150F2D8C3FB3D" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, we hereby fix the identity of
<taxonomicName id="D25CE16DD50005AAF01D9F10D4A399BA" authorityName="Voss" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vannideki">
<emphasis id="D4527D183724760E4DE26B0F40FDD6D7" italics="true">A. vannideki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by designating one of Vosss date-verified
<typeStatus id="7CBE6020EDA54637ED6EA9AF49372C2F" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(ZMAN type COLE. 1673.1,
<collectionCode id="C0A58610AA221A35F21B5DB0F549BAA4">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 191) as a
<typeStatus id="5901B98C9525D9699D8FE4ED35F80676" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
for this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
<document id="4B58B81C6924FF52331FB35B0AB530EB" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626" ID-ZooBank="2B699BE7-7D73-4E62-BB4C-7B6090DC7568" ID-publisher-id="126626" URI-arpha="D48863C7-B225-52AD-B7C2-5F39D3082FBF" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/2B699BE7-7D73-4E62-BB4C-7B6090DC7568" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1730235873154" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lewis, Jake H., Kojima, Hiroaki, Suenaga, Miyuki, Petsopoulos, Dimitrios, Fujisawa, Yusuke, Truong, Xuan Lam &amp; Warren, Dan L." docDate="2024" docId="1A8C6424B575507DA80D73ECD3220A39" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1217: 1-45" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1217" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/126626/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Aphanerostethus armatus Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="6B31DB80-5F3E-48D6-82F1-1EAF13CBCE3B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="D48863C7B22552ADB7C25F39D3082FBF" masterDocTitle="The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1730236361227" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D2E8E742910F0D1C099A6F47D653A2E8">
<mods:title id="C05670F1CCDF0E89954A09AB90118154">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="038FD254FF3AF9C3A521343A935F5F8A">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="424BFFF9CD1D04BDF19ABBBF50835619">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B95B81FDE8EF1666DBF463CBE4AB243B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="51678A44FA5C90AD72FF585ABD83EA07">
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<mods:namePart id="FB3011B56E5C3F0A5D509E0FD8A428E3">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="67E6921A54FA69889942F227EB7EE38C">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="4C31DA699D2EAC1DDB13B8E34DB0789F">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0804C856F9857E69CC9F7F475FC91818">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1C8ABE7C21EBC22F7351337E4EC6840B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4975F709D05BFB2A59B33DD3B304ECD0">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EBE00A7EF17E2D80C6182A91109139A5" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4408-0458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="CFABF8C620D184BCBED17B41F0DAF671">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F3B4E09559CE6D5E48FC3D9ACA480CB9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E970FE6C8C4BB21D5F472AAF913E18FC">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A54AB6FCFEEEEB81A23FA795DEEB4541">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="372FEB43768C4A2C6DE1F48050204FC4" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1758-7599</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6BFA6C1C6A1BC170F5CA1415368589F2">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="0D98C703402DFF05EF7284C00F4E7BA1">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8E64ED0D990A1679F3BDDA37E5F9D73E">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EDDA577B7FA2DE647A2A3F8A85D43116" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1758-903X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="084924EDDC8A00F109A989B0B6880822">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FBA06F5AB2E8EB2F2390CDF95898B1A8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3616758E0FADEA8ABF18D565F2437A94">
<mods:roleTerm id="E04F3726E63C033F9A0E618AB473ABC4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7D6AEF8721A843B2433035E01EC4E3D7">Warren, Dan L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="273D795AC2F18EE61F0EC53A06B0D3DF" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8747-2451</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8C549249D5C710BF1BB4F52E8B11E8BE">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="3C746D06DEC48ED0626A03A9AA6B2F0B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C70F6248432394D776BA1881CF8B0B96">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="5CF8A8CB3300BBFBA6163D530E2F0221">
<mods:date id="BBAC5DB177E9202A331E2B790C101B4B">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4CE487C9B7FB3413F0D1BE2202F62031" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="1EA8B9F6B3702AFF2F081ECFA5D69CEF">2024-10-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="66784DAD4AD741B0DE460EA4BCD15D1F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B4473B14709EA0718E9D044FCA84C7B1">1217</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7CFD0C200CF013186F102B2B3A382B45" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1A8C6424B575507DA80D73ECD3220A39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14010179" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14010179" ID-arpha="1A8C6424-B575-507D-A80D-73ECD3220A39" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/6B31DB80-5F3E-48D6-82F1-1EAF13CBCE3B" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6B31DB80-5F3E-48D6-82F1-1EAF13CBCE3B" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6B31DB80-5F3E-48D6-82F1-1EAF13CBCE3B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A8C6424B575507DA80D73ECD3220A39">
<subSubSection id="35D65DF0E201808F6F76B1B99F09BB2E" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D3C582E96F000C8BE067294394A14B43">
<taxonomicName id="03E7BC7BD83249F1B1B10FBA4A86257F" authority="Lewis &amp; Kojima" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BB62AD7E5E4BD9F4568C5C3E699CE048" italics="true">Aphanerostethus armatus</emphasis>
Lewis &amp; Kojima
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="429CD21A0E4B4CAA0E09372304D0A83B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FB1C58CFC25E31AF6A021664F8C285F3" type="description">
<paragraph id="71BCAAFE4DB490E3C4775941062C20CD">
<figureCitation id="E358867079E2518654B8B67F1B65FA4D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A Aphanerostethus armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) B D Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092, 101, and 103, respectively) E Aphanerostethus decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) F Aphanerostethus spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163068">Figs 4 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C07C735CC2B37074A46FCA29E2AD1FB" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) C, D Aphanerostethus nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 014). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163076">12 A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0FA26D5E8B131F84845C07FC8AA891AB" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus A, B A. armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) shallow prosternal canal C, D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 029) deep prosternal canal E A. armatus (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) fore-femur showing elongate, thorn-like ventral tooth F A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 051) fore-femur showing blunt, obtuse ventral tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163077">13 A, B, E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGUBI" type="material">
<paragraph id="1E95C48BD688F8A0992055C55159CBBF">
<heading id="A799AC90CE327447DFBD2DC2855DE75D" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2C1BF287D0000A403C994013F00E69E">
<materialsCitation id="E9C0E5F2DFA2A2EA981C006253F95790" collectingDate="1990-01-07" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="T. Yasunaga" country="Malaysia" location="Bukit Larut" municipality="Taiping" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Perak" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="ABF4FED9CB4AA8D58BB3DD279AB80BB8" bold="true">
<emphasis id="8C7BA26EB1332FDFCB5A425B3CE17EA8" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="F2EC1D44E0885763E0BEC2B2D24E1B01" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="8F15214F937193C937FC5A68E637C6E4" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="16E662C70D337673D63C1D3C83A8F016" country="Malaysia" name="Perak">Perak</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="ECB79C2B6742787479F89B33E5351BCC">Taiping</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="CB617F24C48B1811A072B00BDABC7546" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A8C6424B575507DA80D73ECD3220A39:CB617F24C48B1811A072B00BDABC7546" country="Malaysia" municipality="Taiping" name="Bukit Larut" stateProvince="Perak">Bukit Larut</location>
,
<date id="40099E7CDBDC64A8F0DA4E7A8CB9C1A1" value="1990-01-07">
<collectingDate id="E393EE4CAF67EF41AA19EF00106187CA" value="1990-01-07">7. I. 1990</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="441A7ADA7F8E201FDE4504AA2837E4C6">T. Yasunaga</collectorName>
, deposited in
<named-content id="2A40B39F047B52A751D146E6D735D830" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="7BE362B855321B9091BB9E0C57375789">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
,
<collectionCode id="3C6AED479C16E845125F68E2AD244ACF">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 078.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVUBI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7FFFC311AE6E73435E90D4135473990C">
<heading id="7299B10EF18D2C298B2C4B8D5AD0490A" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE4030B0C42A1E472E3F762DB064CA83">
Body length
<quantity id="5BE520A986296DC4DCD2956832F66B7C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="8494E585F28019F59831693D01A971D6">
<emphasis id="10B322193BC87F9A9BCDF3F78D598533" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="2E922F75C1805FC324E930E992584274" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
coated in crusty dark, sandy gray, and white scales in weakly defined
<tp_taxon-name id="A8813567DFD9A761959384EA9C583AFA">
<emphasis id="F6598117E7191DD792B9AF4217596918" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="2F26C778F8BAEA51F469B80028D63EF6" reg="pattern" taxon-name-part-type="species">pattern</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
. Funicle with five articles. Only odd elytral intervals with erect scales. Prosternal cavity very weakly defined and without steep lateral ridges (Fig.
<figureCitation id="77C389985AECA48A052118CCBF3A9033" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus A, B A. armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) shallow prosternal canal C, D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 029) deep prosternal canal E A. armatus (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) fore-femur showing elongate, thorn-like ventral tooth F A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 051) fore-femur showing blunt, obtuse ventral tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163077">13 A, B</figureCitation>
). Procoxae contiguous. Erect elytral scales evenly distributed, not concentrated in bundle. Scutellum not prominent. Femora each with elongate, thorn-like tooth ventrally (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5C383557FFD2FB17B74E4FC541F31ECB" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus A, B A. armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) shallow prosternal canal C, D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 029) deep prosternal canal E A. armatus (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) fore-femur showing elongate, thorn-like ventral tooth F A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 051) fore-femur showing blunt, obtuse ventral tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163077">13 E</figureCitation>
). Metaventrite flattened between meta- and mesocoxae, without a distinct elevated transverse ridge.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7838ECB72FCF59C37194C7AA0E1B8F77" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure12" ID-arpha="F2E0980F-BCD2-57C9-8E48-518B6AB8F73C" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163076" startId="F12">
<paragraph id="74799F8CC0AF3FDECABB325A4BB38A62">
<label id="ECBD8A749B6C2D29E2A17E38776CEA3E">Figure 12.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5127AB57E65970F4A2C6683C234D43F9">
Lateral and dorsal photographs of
<taxonomicName id="227EF68B46CE35D96A61223C01547F4D" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="65F687D20FA0527A8609A2DE05F70996" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
species
<emphasis id="174DA05F1615DD1B99845446B3C4895D" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="EAABF13F46EBE2EC192FDF5F746BFD27" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="539F1CD13D8BD7CCA9A1BFCC11991612" italics="true">Aphanerostethus armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2A1B67C97194E8ABAD103662D57CC384" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 078)
<emphasis id="75229D618AEEBF18FAFB7FE41EE783C0" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B36AE8CC56BE532334B062878143486E" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="50979BF9D929EF6C41E233F2E56E7719" italics="true">Aphanerostethus nudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A938B08FB2741C3C2964FF713E70D758" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 014).
<emphasis id="3E9189C4AAD83E27B24CEA8D086413B8" italics="true">Scale</emphasis>
bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1ECD7B9F92C64D43C1A7A04EC5E79C33" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure13" ID-arpha="1FB97870-EDD6-582B-9973-6962994A49CC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163077" startId="F13">
<paragraph id="D89D6E1E12D049D2AB3C338C8E8332F5">
<label id="54F9072D0C4F71EB072914082E6619BD">Figure 13.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F3B798580FC37F64EDC1247DCE3BB42">
X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of
<taxonomicName id="485986D6A663A7E369A2140646F604C1" authorityName="Voss" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="80F69328DDF614DF15C96404FF0DCE32" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="F6850B3D75190C99CE7ABD4B6ACC1A11" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="81ADDB5C23050AB22797729EE27E7A28" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F0D9890C3245C92F570FF64FA43C0FA2" italics="true">A. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="08004898489E111DA1FD3CA86899F131" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) shallow prosternal canal
<emphasis id="04FABFD1D0E7A418C77C2D9559135E2E" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C8C7D74F66511C7B335A554AC9619BED" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39A604B1D87C439567B389F087CF2090" italics="true">A. magnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D9AB1CCAA0669B5EC2C5A055981287F3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 029) deep prosternal canal
<emphasis id="B732BAB36D4D1DD7597AE6C1DC84FD6F" bold="true">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="15D8ABFE7E275120301B292B1C6067BB" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="7FF1F9D1011DA97B5708373F0BFA1E84" italics="true">A. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) fore-femur showing elongate, thorn-like ventral tooth
<emphasis id="38311DDFD76553639BB5BAF1D3B49266" bold="true">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="02412F75D65B143779EBBC294F58F560" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="210EA9D5CCD5925626CAB07B90D6B39F" italics="true">A. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AD870D45054EE9391E49436E1FAC2CE" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 051) fore-femur showing blunt, obtuse ventral tooth.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOZBI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="624D68ABA0A1BF02B5BCDD549B515B93">
<heading id="743C53EFB1A22008B3125F6536446682" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C964105ECB28B650C464CA3CB0F9A247">
This species is currently only known from
<collectingRegion id="AD0DDD7DB5B9E77B6DBE190E7DE14E86" country="Malaysia" name="Perak">Perak</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="AF65F5DF39693BE116F03F40BCA40352" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETZBI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BEC5C789602FCA701BDA2A18D9D680EC">
<heading id="9A9A7546B48D458EAEF543C708525229" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B4BB56834BAF873D3904B66BE57E33F">
The specific name
<taxonomicName id="FDE7B67D67A8C654504E5BFDEE89B3C8" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="6C80687020DA81D4BD821C084A155414" italics="true">armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latin adjective that refers to the distinctly elongate, sharp tooth on the ventral edge of each femur (see Fig.
<figureCitation id="F6B7127171CC9CC40F572E98CD753AD6" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus A, B A. armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) shallow prosternal canal C, D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 029) deep prosternal canal E A. armatus (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) fore-femur showing elongate, thorn-like ventral tooth F A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 051) fore-femur showing blunt, obtuse ventral tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163077">13 E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="350AE1BEFE4C3BA9255BE06AFAE75598">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8C8CB9FCD3FF48004A6E6352BE1EEF03">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F01DB38F05BCF86DE09B5C3B3BCD32A4">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C9F3E3BAAAC5CBED7DD24DE0A1786F29">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8E24E3F6923B90BD0601C7F926683762">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5C257E4AB8676E72D82208307EC2792D">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="54EA334D0ABAA58A2C10FD2497E658F6">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="926A98FBF275199BBAE177104AE46196">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F58D7A14025E4D37E736995FE2813FC2">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1FFDFEE441827E4DD01A71829A173142">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5C2BFCB21916E50CDF6286D1FEDA6D57">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A1D53E680B28661847AE0A50DB658FC0">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B9C3C64BC63BD59CFF329FB3910BC2B3">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="579B8F434F4C13E96484360174373038">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="504E805A31CA7F90F8FEA7323982A1B8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="407D5ABAC3969A9034993A347AA31448">
<taxonomicName id="F44D4FBD002164D0B2764B5DA37EFFE2" authority="Lewis &amp; Kojima" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E98618CAA6C6972AA332C81DC37EFF4A" italics="true">Aphanerostethus magnus</emphasis>
Lewis &amp; Kojima
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BFB9C7EA3B00FD181FF0958524F8B0C8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CA384D1F6C8908F065BBD262979CD612" type="description">
<paragraph id="1AA9E98A6784BCD65B78C61287214286">
<figureCitation id="25CDEB28C7AA87EA8EF35C21047042DD" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 075) E H A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) I L A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) M P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163066">Figs 2 A D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="123944797E17D1995903A50EC4C28004" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood tree of Aphanerostethus species based on an 872 base-pair long concatenated DNA matrix (CO 1, Cytb, 16 S) with gene-wise partition modelling (CO 1 / Cytb: GTR + F + I + G 4; 16 S: GTR + F + G 4) constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates) and posterior probabilities. The symbol “ ” indicates a posterior probability less than 50 (i. e., collapsed nodes in the Bayesian Inference tree). EGP codes represent DNA extraction codes and serve also as unique specimen identifiers. Associated Aphanerostethus weevil figures on the right of the tree are not to scale. Note that, except for A. distinctus and A. taiwanus (see Comments under the A. taiwanus species profile), the monophyly of all Aphanerostethus species is strongly supported (BS: 100, PP: 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163067">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A839049AB4E0C639A883ADB9A41F6E76" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A C Aphanerostethus magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 029, 035, and 108, respectively) D F Aphanerostethus morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 189, 144, and 115, respectively)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163071">7 A C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F33A0A4B583F9DC394229EA95B2F61D9" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus with the right elytron removed, revealing differences in the length, width, and venation of the hindwing (as shown here, the hindwing is affixed to the inner surface of the elytron in most specimens). A lateral view of the full body is shown below each close-up for reference. The red, blue, and yellow arrows indicate the base, midpoint, and apex of the hindwing, respectively A Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) B A. decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) C A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 041) D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 032)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163075">11 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="78F55D98B5A27F877BA4BF1C1C7CEEB2" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus A, B A. armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) shallow prosternal canal C, D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 029) deep prosternal canal E A. armatus (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) fore-femur showing elongate, thorn-like ventral tooth F A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 051) fore-femur showing blunt, obtuse ventral tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163077">13 C, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B0105A6E6A5E2A383160BDEE50B78C54" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 K, L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="760A4FDD03AA4B5A15E5391EEFCE7964" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 095) C, D Aphanerostethus magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 023). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163083">19 C, D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="175C07C475325253CD7DA0BDE358D8D9">
<heading id="6804CE3C89D9EE5E0E543F305391C59E" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6EB58870A966158170080396A74C64D6">
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<emphasis id="90529BCCAC6CB890E3F43BC9EDE1FE0F" bold="true">
<emphasis id="51765D07F1AAF6421597DF70374A4B9D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="51FF8DF6B964BB6D6ECBF3DDFBE52BDD" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="1E1858512329773F0855CB0A42BBB32B" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="E21278115F5847A6A9C9AF73E7334114" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima">Kagoshima Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectorName id="73064304F2D0A59BECFD8FA5365A57BE">Nakanoshima Is.</collectorName>
,
<date id="97BD62C25D3D13674CBE012EDEA045A0" value="1975-05-01" valueMax="1975-05-02" valueMin="1975-05-01">
<collectingDate id="E0483D309A015D4E71E43444340607DB" value="1975-05-01" valueMax="1975-05-02" valueMin="1975-05-01">12. V. 1975</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="9F55193B071C0C354DDE169BF1CC5C37">H. Irie</collectorName>
, male deposited in
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_ DAR _ 023
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.
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<emphasis id="CF19A0A1FC9EB7A97A81150AEFB892E2" bold="true">
<emphasis id="F09554D0FFAB6E67CAB0CC370AB30288" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="012F90905488FB8318B77A9ABB8A9E33" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="3BBC9EC2A2DEFDC2CFB2FB851E674306" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="73281FA8E0EE34251F206E889F2B0407" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima">Kagoshima Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectorName id="9A6657E3E6A3645A98076FFEF5572273">Nakanoshima Is.</collectorName>
,
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<collectingDate id="3A497CB8AF04907F93C4B2C7AB7C5AA8" value="1975-05-01" valueMax="1975-05-02" valueMin="1975-05-01">12. V. 1975</collectingDate>
</date>
, H.
<collectorName id="9510C6CBD26064CF74A5652924035A25">Irie</collectorName>
, (4,
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; 1,
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),
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_ DAR _ 022,
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_ DAR _ 024
<collectionCode id="D5371B0C3EE9ACDFD6FD7C52E093631E">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 026,
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_ DAR _ 076
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; •
<materialsCitation id="F8346BB36247B72BCCC9DB11E5C400A7" collectingDate="1974-07-07" collectingDateMax="1975-05-02" collectingDateMin="1975-05-01" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="Okuma" country="Japan" location="Kagoshima Prefecture" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
same locality,
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</date>
, J.
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, (2,
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),
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_ DAR _ 027,
<collectionCode id="D074B98C92E64783FD698C3BE4C9C4E8">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 028
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="6F8D0112F6E848ECC3573865349397EA" collectingDate="1989-08-05" collectingDateMax="1975-05-02" collectingDateMin="1975-05-01" collectionCode="KUM, OIST, JHLHY" collectorName="Ueno" country="Japan" location="Kagoshima Prefecture" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
same locality,
<date id="E474A85DFD3E18C0DA3B7616D83A45AD" value="1989-08-05">
<collectingDate id="B71A7E45DB55D21F9C33CCBC1978F317" value="1989-08-05">5. VIII. 1989</collectingDate>
</date>
, T.
<collectorName id="47AC5147FA925BD66AFDB31BD54BC127">Ueno</collectorName>
, (2,
<named-content id="5B22D295F670BB56FF0A3B614D1238E4" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="CD39AC2972C18E0E23798DC114134D65">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
; 1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES4DI" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="2ADA0DB19FA57C7E1B2873D7765BDD7C">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<collectionCode id="2E41CB199AAFE3D0F86D485A0D28A442">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 029
<collectionCode id="F0BCEFCA740106006C10EEF476D9B067">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 031
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="408710ED9CF7FA085C75CC3BB5B69E83" collectingDate="1962-05-28" collectingDateMax="1975-05-02" collectingDateMin="1975-05-01" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="Sato" country="Japan" location="Kagoshima Prefecture" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
same locality,
<date id="9C594239187901756FCC05736AA6D3C5" value="1962-05-28">
<collectingDate id="21BAE6579F22AEF7AF760647E7BB42F6" value="1962-05-28">28. V. 1962</collectingDate>
</date>
, M.
<collectorName id="E3B91E0896BBF8527C178F41ACF3ED9D">Sato</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="0A42F0F50755864AA071E3591804BA13" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="20D1D5D6834876868618DA7589BBAB0D">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="14D5D011D5ACC6E1CE6410F39C2296AA">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 034
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="4E92BEB1B5048D04C627C4DED5493C93" collectingDate="1974-07-07" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="J. Okuma" country="Japan" location="Sato" municipality="Nakanoshima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="859558F624CA47FEDF518A4F4798D32B">Nakanoshima</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="6FA98A3DDC2A24BA1A7B8DE97568DCD0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2FF89F7D89D85C528183D219138E8B79:6FA98A3DDC2A24BA1A7B8DE97568DCD0" country="Japan" municipality="Nakanoshima" name="Sato" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Sato</location>
,
<date id="26149A2C92CAF7112BC8DAD654E8DCB8" value="1974-07-07">
<collectingDate id="A902EA0C74D7A9B3943494F4D491EE0C" value="1974-07-07">7. VII. 1974</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F1093FCF6CE5B49BB9830B02679F06FB">J. Okuma</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="C0AD714957FFC0B42C1D1990FA86AE1A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="1EDD6AA6249084B103CB1B8986847C53">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="BDC71F61E611A39B028AD8ECC91375BE">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 032
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="609C118BD7E74B065061AB99A0C00D14" collectingDate="1982-07-14" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="Y. Takai" country="Japan" location="Satsuda" municipality="Nakanoshima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="DCEBB1D475D3B660377B1C20A0D25FFE">Nakanoshima</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="BCA91D1F76F5F1A54AA259CA49A3A515" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2FF89F7D89D85C528183D219138E8B79:BCA91D1F76F5F1A54AA259CA49A3A515" country="Japan" municipality="Nakanoshima" name="Satsuda" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Satsuda</location>
,
<date id="EAA0C6F427B429D5068A4FBB69F53EFB" value="1982-07-14">
<collectingDate id="8F5C16F9219040B2D83D768E8CCAD2FA" value="1982-07-14">14. VII. 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="E7C5C7C0DDDA9C92FF43546031050FF0">Y. Takai</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="FD53A32BA50BA75AAA9B65B650FF2392" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="9FFF13457A2F6390238902A196AEF366">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="DA439B6C088703C503919B38BC76F9E8">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 033
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="3970C0D420E373ED4E6A0155F152943B" collectingDate="1987-04-29" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="S. Nomura" country="Japan" location="Nakanoshima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="E3EBAA174AAA242F0753E66237B50670" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2FF89F7D89D85C528183D219138E8B79:E3EBAA174AAA242F0753E66237B50670" country="Japan" name="Nakanoshima" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Nakanoshima</location>
,
<date id="3B6C0721D2A628EFF24A6C9A0F28D2E7" value="1987-04-29">
<collectingDate id="F1187267AF2AAA08F356655B5787371D" value="1987-04-29">29. IV. 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="6817E9DBD2C9E76E7BDBA1263FD56A64">S. Nomura</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="8A46ECF939217FD10B0A17831D50539E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="B7039A2160BDAC7B1C0E72827B581258">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="DF7027DB3F76DF661E16F65DF6FF2EFD">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 075
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="143E48FD81529CADF0156AD1B12F027D" collectingDate="1986-07-14" collectionCode="HUM, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Fujita" country="Japan" location="Nakanoshima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="4A83463A0BDB1F63BF8E4BF7C25BF1E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2FF89F7D89D85C528183D219138E8B79:4A83463A0BDB1F63BF8E4BF7C25BF1E3" country="Japan" name="Nakanoshima" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Nakanoshima</location>
,
<date id="710620F938808B228A46EC7C39393A12" value="1986-07-14">
<collectingDate id="273532B4380B9A2AD106CF7D7CE087E6" value="1986-07-14">14. VII. 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="402024974B0242172E67E41F7B5A7C6E">H. Fujita</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="8A9B9703D774901E3754738688A4FAD2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/hokkaido-university-museum" xlink_title="Hokkaido University Museum">
<collectionCode id="3D9C6B3487ECDEC1591BCDE209C80504" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kch5-hv72" name="Humboldt University Zoologisches Museum" type="">HUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="CC6226E6AC3A9F75DE8DF76238BAD770">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 141
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="C7E40371CBA6B51A44E7653F597C5F39" collectingDate="1953-06-06" collectionCode="HUM, JHLHY" country="Japan" location="Nakanoshima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="E722F263B1A3858C5C2EBC10CB414648" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2FF89F7D89D85C528183D219138E8B79:E722F263B1A3858C5C2EBC10CB414648" country="Japan" name="Nakanoshima" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Nakanoshima</location>
,
<date id="050A20918F3B2879456079723472BEE8" value="1953-06-06">
<collectingDate id="12709EE1FB12EEE77E1F86964B73C3BB" value="1953-06-06">6. VI. 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
, (1,
<named-content id="21311ECB188C0B09F687EBCDA8A0C84F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/hokkaido-university-museum" xlink_title="Hokkaido University Museum">
<collectionCode id="D456BDFF90C874C4AB372D511483E2CE" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kch5-hv72" name="Humboldt University Zoologisches Museum" type="">HUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="50DECD1939B813C7DBD77109740E1D99">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 142
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="32F71A6010E3114C1F3FA292B37E8D4C" collectingDate="1969-07-21" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="M. Sakai" country="Japan" location="Nakanoshima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="65C82B7AD662F9DFFE5FE5E030CD5F9E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2FF89F7D89D85C528183D219138E8B79:65C82B7AD662F9DFFE5FE5E030CD5F9E" country="Japan" name="Nakanoshima" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Nakanoshima</location>
,
<date id="F722011DEFF633370C39CD07555F5DE6" value="1969-07-21">
<collectingDate id="62E05A60172F1AA0B72FCD41DD1A48DF" value="1969-07-21">21. VII. 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0BCDA67CDA4341590C284B8B672433BB">M. Sakai</collectorName>
, (2,
<named-content id="AA0E192E5D6C89B9CE5C7AA906A0751C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="15814848A827405AEE7B8243C3BA48B5">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="5EBA36D3D0C47E8A6CB6912515C92A26">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 139,
<collectionCode id="05411C04F8E9492BA37F0C85027E21B0">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 140
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="573963ACC6C9EAE7A69F9B75C07FE6FF" collectingDate="2015-10-02" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Japan" location="Mt. Otake-tozandoro" municipality="Nakanoshima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="4FD4FC1DFB8B3AD15C38E708DA82810C">Nakanoshima</collectingMunicipality>
, entrance of
<location id="839002EB26345FA18461507D30025F18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2FF89F7D89D85C528183D219138E8B79:839002EB26345FA18461507D30025F18" country="Japan" municipality="Nakanoshima" name="Mt. Otake-tozandoro" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Mt. Otake-tozandoro</location>
,
<date id="6D4C4405584802490F9F6660431C2AC7" value="2015-10-02">
<collectingDate id="9B8B84887F5A641DEA839AFB23D6CC0E" value="2015-10-02">2. X. 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D65565CAC24F02EDA8AF436B9C2EFD89">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="B5445D5C3CE82BC90CCC2BF7DD044F04" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="CFB809939BD910206C760557FADD2D76">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="32A4045277941D009961DCB743EE0DBD">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 108, EGP 0160 C 08
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="8D6BE8B12F2768EF0BDD0047C3E2B58D" collectingDate="2013-05-05" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Japan" location="Seranma" municipality="Kuchinoshima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="E62FCE21EFBBB7B934766E47DAA4C1DA">Kuchinoshima</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7476033B8C4DEFBB442ACAF544098B4D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2FF89F7D89D85C528183D219138E8B79:7476033B8C4DEFBB442ACAF544098B4D" country="Japan" municipality="Kuchinoshima" name="Seranma" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Seranma</location>
,
<date id="B6ED90FB915EFB74EAC3E4B84410308C" value="2013-05-05">
<collectingDate id="AC71EB9AF7FFC420D082BCE2E70D2E9F" value="2013-05-05">5. V. 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="DCE30E58E24EA2D294780A04A26E0A58">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="FD58BFE4FA181D6CCC3BF1AE9E4EC4E9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="C8B1AFFF386C017102A9FDDF1BD1F646">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="DE41D8942C70ECD908F3523A977F5C80">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 107, EGP 0160 C 07
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F77E6F71FBBE6DC8C91611D7619DA6E8" collectingDate="1953-07-31" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="Okinoshima Is. &amp; Morimoto" country="Japan" location="Kouchi Prefecture" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kouchi Prefecture" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="EAFDC1178BDDF0787979C7DD7673036D" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="EA9472CE68050854F416F834D92A1581" inferredBySuffix="true">Kouchi Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectorName id="F809FCBE8CC6B882F13BB52783E28461">Okinoshima Is.</collectorName>
,
<date id="E5DBBBE94B9692C1B093421F173FB041" value="1953-07-31">
<collectingDate id="80A4AC7009267C771F457EAFC40378EE" value="1953-07-31">31. VII. 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
, K.
<collectorName id="02E9FB737565F63A081F48B5E0C4788C">Morimoto</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="78E212DB6ABF69D5922E6581C5B15EE4" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="0CD75D12E11C56BBD4390017E7247371">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="827B4800E9B36D63F0042DAB41EC4B9B">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 035
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="9D24919F1AC9CE411C08B46D2DEEAA4D" collectingDate="2015-10-19" collectionCode="NMNST, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Yoshitake" country="Taiwan" county="Liouguei District" location="Mt. Taiyuanshan" municipality="Li" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kaohsiung" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="EA8CA47BF93C66116276959AB3BEAB43" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="9DB228BD39E0BB33C4484167CCA84B5F" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="B7681A1EC17A01DEB74919F93ED690C5" country="Taiwan" name="Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung City</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingCounty id="6D2F4BFF71019CE5E3840456E991EFC1">Liouguei District</collectingCounty>
, Zhong-Xing-Long
<collectingMunicipality id="C31231CF0B07FA8F156270F8AB872874">Li</collectingMunicipality>
, near
<location id="B35881AF21DEF1E2A478929616286DAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2FF89F7D89D85C528183D219138E8B79:B35881AF21DEF1E2A478929616286DAE" country="Taiwan" county="Liouguei District" municipality="Li" name="Mt. Taiyuanshan" stateProvince="Kaohsiung">Mt. Taiyuanshan</location>
,
<date id="0703E32BFB7B43FEAD96CE7C018A3EF9" value="2015-10-19">
<collectingDate id="A4EB6EE2E4C0CA4EFA60D7BD15D612F1" value="2015-10-19">19. X. 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0AC68068EDEAC633F30C9A0437913347">H. Yoshitake</collectorName>
, (2,
<named-content id="EAC3E88B7D9AEC3DB9BFFFDD968C1FF0" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museum-natural-science" xlink_title="National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung">
<collectionCode id="84B5C02D743F4264B95A77679DB5EEEE">NMNST</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="7A736E712692F42D291F932A5712FE33">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 065 (EGP 0160 E 09),
<collectionCode id="3A8DE6DC58BDB3BCB6E8E393107FC3BB">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 066 (EGP 0160 E 10)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EG6DI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="210BD4A84D2274E806CF44A73819F546">
<heading id="FE6E44DD9B69664E594A7F5832DB2901" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D43825999A2936993D75DA0ABCED329F">
Body length 2.63.0 mm.
<tp_taxon-name id="211B07A53BCC0F14A903BF63B5507901">
<emphasis id="3B52E5437F12E92957E07CBBE117A1F4" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="F61060B8BD46DAF60D177FB8DB76BA3E" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
covered in dark to pale brown scales, with dark, V-shaped band across anterior part of elytra. Procoxae contiguous. Funicle with six articles. Second and odd-numbered elytral intervals with erect scales. Erect elytral scales variably concentrated in bundle on first elytral interval at apex of V-shaped band. Scutellum prominent and bulging. Elytral intervals moderately convex. Femora all with ventral tooth along ventral edge at midpoint. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Metaventrite with a distinct elevated transverse ridge separating the meta- and mesocoxae. Metatibial uncus C-shaped in male (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6B0847074CD1EE826BD4F842FA5737EB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 075) E H A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) I L A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) M P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163066">2 A D</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus tapering in lateral half and weakly subquadrate at apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="55A9F9CF358EE28D462ACDC2A0BB4ABB" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 K, L</figureCitation>
). Internal sac lacking prominent basal protruding structure (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5D8370277908AC1082BF2E56CB320913" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 K, L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E56DI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="927EAF0234B1D9CFFF709CA9337EE587">
<heading id="EDA544D6F23D1DE824D360E98B261F9B" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A1D85465647387C8F23BEBE7B335035">
This species is known from Nakanoshima Is. (
<collectingRegion id="7526019324876EF927002E9AC013F615" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima">Kagoshima Prefecture</collectingRegion>
) and Okinoshima Is. (Kouchi Prefecture),
<collectingCountry id="4AF0E7680FC5B8A459BE21CB2523D79B" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
, as well as Zhong-Xing-Long Li (Liouguei District),
<collectingCountry id="4CB210FE9429A55EA5FF0E3D7B11C78D" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEAAK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AD92D56E6FFAC56DC5B3D4F67B2D8EA6">
<heading id="E97AF3675C92D49D7E7E69FD141187DB" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E790F1833121D399E39BEBCCF7FBDFB8">
The specific name
<taxonomicName id="6229BBE9620307B59CEDBE63BF127B43" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
<emphasis id="1DAF7ADB312C32BC7F6806B2324C6A6A" italics="true">magnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latin adjective in reference to the distinctly large body size and elongate aedeagus of this species. We suggest the Japanese common name オオダルマクチカクシゾウムシ [Oo-daruma-kuchi-kakushi-zômushi], which translates in English to “ Big daruma cryptorhynchine weevil ”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUAAK" type="comments">
<paragraph id="97D827645B757C965A8D893C3DAB8261">
<heading id="686776BEE8F0DA9A284549D86FCFFC7E" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D706A784C3D16115DC919A9575536DD">
This species is closely allied with
<taxonomicName id="2595494F8449159D5ECDE0FA30B0818E" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="A1A39CA275CB036023B2349430F1EC94" italics="true">A. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a phylogenetic hypothesis which is also strongly supported by our molecular phylogenetic analysis (BS: 95,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFBAK" xlink_title="posterior probability">PP</abbrev>
: 1). Both
<taxonomicName id="E230666766F24F058D1AB8EFC320C46D" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="DA07EF29008C0C8C3946F093373827C5" italics="true">A. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C52E5A936C0DEA9894EA822D133AADE1" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
<emphasis id="678115F25E4B3A52E5F00C3F2CD8C2E3" italics="true">A. magnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibit the same distinctive brown scaling
<emphasis id="5FC80B429B40A3D335B4FC1DB43759F7" italics="true">pattern</emphasis>
, similarity in metatibial uncus morphology, and general appearance.
<taxonomicName id="0A49343ACD7D2D9FFE3579C839D391FF" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
<emphasis id="0CC929835062C476856E19C922D9028E" italics="true">Aphanerostethus magnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is present in the Osumi and Tokara Islands and
<collectingCountry id="3B1F9AD7EBBF93729CCAF52A1613F2DB" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, but apparently absent from the more southern Nansei Island groups such as the Amami Islands, the Okinawa Islands, and the Sakishima Islands. This peculiar distributional
<emphasis id="58A8A610F8C4B65B17E2A39F82CCBAA9" italics="true">pattern</emphasis>
occurs in a number of other weevil species, such as
<taxonomicName id="42AC074CE393BBDE651382F0108043A0" authority="Hubenthal, 1917" authorityName="Hubenthal" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acicnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sauteri">
<emphasis id="E64F58C13D1C9E508679415F5F31F9D8" italics="true">Acicnemis sauteri</emphasis>
Hubenthal, 1917
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1F17F6C5B3C2420E8D2A0BB2EE4732DD" authority="(Morimoto, 1979)" baseAuthorityName="Morimoto" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Anthribidae" genus="Dendropemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="8488E333A1C19E806DD6C0A8B6F13ADA" italics="true">Dendropemon japonicus</emphasis>
(Morimoto, 1979)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="80A4CEAF4F958C640CAEF66B7ABA2312" authority="(Walker, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Brentidae" genus="Orychodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planicollis">
<emphasis id="5E8FAF3A46B5717BBBDCC1EC1F4B7F69" italics="true">Orychodes planicollis</emphasis>
(Walker, 1859)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="DC9F8DFA7920ECD1D3FFFA823BFD66E5" authorityName="Jordan" authorityYear="1925" class="Insecta" family="Anthribidae" genus="Stiboderes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressus">
<emphasis id="C16D7207F461C4C4E4A46405041665C8" italics="true">Stiboderes impressus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="FF49505F646776CB5C2C70A50C589406" name="Jordan">Jordan</collectingCountry>
, 1912) (
<bibRefCitation id="B783A6532CC93DC939BA88EA1AD0D8F9" author="Kojima and Morimoto" firstAuthor="Kojima" refId="B30" refString="Kojima H, Morimoto K (2004) An online checklist and database of the Japanese weevils (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). http://de05.digitalasia.chubu.ac.jp/index.html [accessed 3 Oct 2022]" url="http://de05.digitalasia.chubu.ac.jp/index.html" year="2004">Kojima and Morimoto 2004</bibRefCitation>
), and possibly is explained by climatic and floristic differences between these regions as there are few large mountains in the Nansei Islands south of the Tokara Islands that could harbor high-altitude or more northerly distributed species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
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<mods:title id="1E493A19C2137C8AF675928623ACE4B3">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8C91B7B817A36796F11CF562CBA34708">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AC3E4EA65B467376CA997AE38BACB57E">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="1ACE6E349ACB7CB5ADADFF91011BCBE2">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7E1A4F521FB8B97F91CA4F6343726C12">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="B047DA8BEFB12C48A711931449E9AF11">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8E50B61E634E9DF9678FC4717DDC48E0">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3BABC1A62DF3A5DA852EBBC15D68D14A">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0B74C23B38DC4E00BA9A0CC8D04FB404" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4408-0458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FC6A8B8628BA47C6691CF66ACBC029AB">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EFE4F71E9FE8E90350E4B41CC94BD473">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BF84E909D962DED3F7F344A603096D36">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F40EC3F44BAFB1E5D01D26961340034C">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EEB1DBB8D57D8E8D2287BFB39A91421C">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="EC6862736989C8AD8203BDE6B671B26C">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="7CD9AA5B77653DAB333DAE70C37F4F6D" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="789A41251BB8F283B868AD87C5EEEBEC">
<taxonomicName id="24BB154880DA44396698283C5AAC1CA4" authority="Kojima &amp; Lewis" authorityName="Kojima &amp; Lewis" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incurvatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="44C858C40FE30E8AAB26BA7C33DD5D98" italics="true">Aphanerostethus incurvatus</emphasis>
Kojima &amp; Lewis
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8D8C52AA12760A8C6FF1E4E7D396657C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="0714564C6798CC7A1D94EBBEC1594F94" type="description">
<paragraph id="49F81F7D7599F4896F6E2A8BCBD1F78D">
<figureCitation id="4D2A9662D6BDA8C34961CBF6A4C6D5C2" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) E H A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0087658) I L A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) M P A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163065">Figs 1 M P</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2A404EDB43CD4258EE4B27BC954375BA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood tree of Aphanerostethus species based on an 872 base-pair long concatenated DNA matrix (CO 1, Cytb, 16 S) with gene-wise partition modelling (CO 1 / Cytb: GTR + F + I + G 4; 16 S: GTR + F + G 4) constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates) and posterior probabilities. The symbol “ ” indicates a posterior probability less than 50 (i. e., collapsed nodes in the Bayesian Inference tree). EGP codes represent DNA extraction codes and serve also as unique specimen identifiers. Associated Aphanerostethus weevil figures on the right of the tree are not to scale. Note that, except for A. distinctus and A. taiwanus (see Comments under the A. taiwanus species profile), the monophyly of all Aphanerostethus species is strongly supported (BS: 100, PP: 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163067">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7B9AEFE204DD368881A0A28CBC092F53" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A, B Aphanerostethus incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 095, 104) C F Aphanerostethus japonicus sp. nov. (OKENT 0055232, JHLHY _ DAR _ 051, 052, 041)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163070">6 A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7AA496967821E7682A9DBEEE1978D74D" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 G, H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8B90B9D4E0F115F319C9955859EF219D" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 095) C, D Aphanerostethus magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 023). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163083">19 A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEJDI" type="material">
<paragraph id="DAA796CEAA258DEB06603AB96FD6C408">
<heading id="6D4EF6564DD3D06048F6428A9C67D83A" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6790E22022613775D6D635F78DC2E01">
<materialsCitation id="DAD9D4B71C2950DD76CE9C47B27097D8" collectingDate="2011-02-17" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="D8F5A9B4673C92040747D4FDD2BD4760" bold="true">
<emphasis id="763920CADC397381DE120BF342956D8D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="B55451769331274E4CC3B5C2669B8095" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="3242CB603963E75267307B2DA336F9A5" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="381F39A5753ADC701018E80BAA602A59" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="27434EA91BD984CEE915053E9A194F4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4F32033BAB305CA3A5FDB44929AB9F63:27434EA91BD984CEE915053E9A194F4B" country="Vietnam" latitude="12.033334" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ESJDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.433333,12.033333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="A57F4A261E29AC93A4BBF06958F605FE" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.033334">12 ° 02 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5ADFFC80299A70EEC031F8079A759628" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.433334">108 ° 26 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<elevation id="B70C794CC17D3271053B922812E80580" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">
elevation
<quantity id="2C09C9CFAF16CE7EA8E571D430A72CF1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<date id="9F62D6B34B579DE90EEBD26F0521CD40" value="2011-02-17">
<collectingDate id="26C0B9ED638C28320FC49AE825F5D436" value="2011-02-17">17. II. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D6E233D644D26BDC01274A04B2857749">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, male deposited in
<named-content id="88AF4431EF54CD9BD91F215282C49FAB" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="73C881EE793007942506A6B8CCA823E7">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
,
<collectionCode id="DE81CC3F5D7FEB63BE022BCEDB419030">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 095
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="4FCFE87207DB4653893DAD087C2D1F8B" collectingDate="2011-02-17" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="9F53AB13E76DEBD1E229F70B599ECB49" bold="true">
<emphasis id="58E1AE7EC9D3BDB921156DA4202AAD91" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="24AE3B9FEAC5E7A55D5C56CD668A5477" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="A3B752140A69F17AF8DE9E1937CADDFC" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="8EA72DC6B28E36B4BBD3BBAE8A9A8E1C" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="388A2BF1D26CA5A3CF729B2E001F3D97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4F32033BAB305CA3A5FDB44929AB9F63:388A2BF1D26CA5A3CF729B2E001F3D97" country="Vietnam" latitude="12.033334" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ECKDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.433333,12.033333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="E8448FDCA5914296A49ACC1A19F1CD8F" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.033334">12 ° 02 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D7FDCA4D6B3EF7F3F391075D689301C7" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.433334">108 ° 26 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<elevation id="83159DC36527E0E2A3B5C87B789AB4ED" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">
elevation
<quantity id="EDF8ED3E9122E002D43ACE4468B48EE1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<date id="D9E7E8DF2EE6BD5ADF6051B764CFA6F5" value="2011-02-17">
<collectingDate id="05F8334734431286CE70D7F294087FCD" value="2011-02-17">17. II. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="74B454654A1C05CB0B0B477024884CFF">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="AA804DB4D2E11040493515B2538633A2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="0C1B42595700B0AB3DB397877A629A97">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="6D3A111D80646B5BFB91CA82EE2F3039">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 104 (EGP 0160 C 11)
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="362DDEDC9808FB33E847EC17F2970EF3" collectingDate="2011-02-17" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
same locality,
<date id="1ED9BBF02B36B7615B1D380B7E705341" value="2011-02-17">
<collectingDate id="7A29E013862E5FC5400F0CEC8B5EBC02" value="2011-02-17">17. II. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F3C5DADEDEAE79F287097105BB9A287B">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="DCABE9ABC4723A3AAD076F1B14F399FF" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="4FA40F6B18744535CE3DCCCF9E97E328">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="BAC3D169991F962E4844B9847287429E">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 100 (EGP 0160 D 06)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D9507955F38DC2C50A9E2F3D3A307452" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure19" ID-arpha="132CB411-2B05-5F81-9692-4B251BC7B743" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163083" startId="F19">
<paragraph id="B412B8A47B93CEFC6B380B31A633AD6D">
<label id="18A6B9F955CDD9304FA2D434A3B961ED">Figure 19.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="21B88AD9579623E24D2FAB2C56C0E866">
Lateral and dorsal photographs of
<taxonomicName id="5317FA32874C3AD221B4858DD9FD0684" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="B18BEC3CD654F92DD195230F1159B587" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
species
<emphasis id="6E168D5E2315C372F817856ACA9DD6A6" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="CD06D38DB48396341BF08CB1F064CD10" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incurvatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CC9972836151C1213EC413664F09CC8E" italics="true">Aphanerostethus incurvatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D15EC5D37386A67A3F09AC0E32538528" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 095)
<emphasis id="49F5A1361546A7096A8AF9603BA8C73D" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1E78844B64D6747DED3F9FE5F5A2416F" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2609CE1E69897EE8E3BC8503AA85EFF5" italics="true">Aphanerostethus magnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CA64DA93E2E2C5B73D6702359679CAE" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 023).
<emphasis id="0D7016D0B8499A6363383638E299FA78" italics="true">Scale</emphasis>
bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDMDI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4270CEB41E41CAB5215A032E39E941C2">
<heading id="CEE3E345F9FEB04D906608D81A06B641" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC539F1C9AF010CD848633766A4C36F7">
Body length
<quantity id="67B45BC51DD73CF3159C7894E417202D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.7">1.72.1 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="2A8A32072B299A57D6AF895C5549144A">
<emphasis id="0A20286F06EC8D7C1E92CF657A8F6413" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="98B91B34962BA0ABEDB3E3D9D6152A5F" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
coated in dark, sandy gray, and white scales in indistinct
<tp_taxon-name id="BF80087C0F142D4A6BBBC0986C9EA1D3">
<emphasis id="BD2CE2BCA78432183797D01E69361F22" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="67B7AD857F8216F69A3E0B5753057EFB" reg="pattern" taxon-name-part-type="species">pattern</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
. Funicle with six articles. Procoxae contiguous. Only odd-numbered elytral intervals with erect scales. Erect elytral scales concentrated in bundle along third elytral interval at midpoint; evenly distributed along other intervals. Elytral interval 5 + 6 distinctly arched at base. Femora all with large tooth along ventral edge. Scutellum reduced. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Metaventrite with a distinct elevated transverse ridge separating the meta- and mesocoxae. Metatibial uncus curved inwards, and with minute black tubercles at base in males (Fig.
<figureCitation id="49AB845A4215D049557220E473A538DD" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) E H A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0087658) I L A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) M P A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163065">1 M P</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus evenly curved in lateral half, and in lateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A38C0868FFB3C78541EBF7606A63A2A0" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 G, H</figureCitation>
). Internal sac with U-shaped, basal protruding structure (Fig.
<figureCitation id="526207340C82B61349D856ACA8EFF052" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 G, H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EENDI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5F0054F9B6B8FCE9F09799348716574A">
<heading id="B9344B5014D15DD42AE6D9705FA9E9CE" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5BE61BEEDF8A83C298DB754D16ED8DA0">
This species is currently only known from Mount Liang Bang,
<collectingRegion id="C64BE9874B55CA9A799F831BA67D393E" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="0C2444A78E0B045542150A5A92C811D5" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJNDI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="50C79F95F49AC60C3FE07FCE5A1912F0">
<heading id="D13FD86D6114B49136318FDA810B217C" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4BA21EE11846729A6BEA8B3B5CC6283">
The specific name
<taxonomicName id="218ECA871BFF0FCC806E5E482DC8EEE4" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incurvatus">
<emphasis id="A4F205750F78B80CCB6DC61A2C457122" italics="true">incurvatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latin participle in reference to the incurved metatibial uncus of males (Fig.
<figureCitation id="94006C3A6A2B473FC0D2C081BCDA1131" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) E H A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0087658) I L A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) M P A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163065">1 M P</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
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<mods:title id="7DE8439F08A58492DCA1ABE375948D8F">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D8BDB12B0FA3426349710D2BA9F86B2E">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="55E4AF61987CC48E91E1039146FDFFED" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5147-7237</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7F4DED30198C772B70B11FF929CE0512">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F2FDB1B29FD2D9D69E166B888E600A47">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6ED8B97F89AD5695E7FBD1632EB14EDE">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9826BFFB00D63F92C77E152DD4E998BD">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="450C369C39A8C6FA69E5457810A2B2DD">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B97383B18A7C4FE485146817AE5CEB81">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="063A8478607DE5E85240E071CC384C40" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4408-0458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7EAE2C54FA564394516A5E78C7EB5B10">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CD32E835E524D4A9120951B2B72493A8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="77F604B29C61221F686C0EE24FD58A58">
<mods:roleTerm id="0FD402B8366077AB880E5463D019D766">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="055F7D447639AEA6FCD65603F317F97A">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="447BDBB0657D9AB51E478219A0CFDE83" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1758-7599</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B5FF3A5FC9470CBC4AA9039A0C087ED2">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="9E1A2193D2C5954D89416D24EBD5F419">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BEF4A89DD699FFD0D6673864C822B80F">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D2DB23EA57D71178D82B012F63518F7B" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1758-903X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="55601708D20478BE3F4E1ED179A92DAD">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="0E3DD56E32279C4CB6023076C6604074">Warren, Dan L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="913BF82476F60404E123E8C222B33B3F" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8747-2451</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="98E5F50EA9C260AC23B78089A99C026A">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="8269665DDFA6308DD9CA6A7EC9F5879A">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="15C26720425427BF0389E86BAEB2E101">2024-10-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="932A2E2A673EBD5EAAFF9CC239A4DCD6">1217</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="61A0B0AD130D21C7677B78CA6253D3C7" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="65F18F99CFBF5130B7ABCC5DF5176AEF" ID-arpha="65F18F99-CFBF-5130-B7AB-CC5DF5176AEF" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/CA175CD9-FD04-45A7-A32C-3B71D07D11C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65F18F99CFBF5130B7ABCC5DF5176AEF" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CA175CD9-FD04-45A7-A32C-3B71D07D11C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/65F18F99CFBF5130B7ABCC5DF5176AEF">
<subSubSection id="17F663FD23FB7F7C312A334FF19875B7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="76F02F622648A8D8219CD319DA2FBBC4">
<taxonomicName id="02B549542FBBA445DFF35E559EDBE95D" authority="Kojima &amp; Lewis" authorityName="Kojima &amp; Lewis" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C09598AE592304268B5E824EA63E4D3D" italics="true">Aphanerostethus morimotoi</emphasis>
Kojima &amp; Lewis
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7CB4C0B8BAFBB633C7EE32FB7552FAA7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA5E70B1B21A5C8168C11136B9DFF8CA" type="description">
<paragraph id="47696D1602B5EED5CC09F835564BFD66">
<figureCitation id="2A9BA14F2D2EFA4ABC3212FAF7267D59" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 075) E H A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) I L A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) M P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163066">Figs 2 E H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F72ADE0D1AD4A4CB52E4B7BD806ED616" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood tree of Aphanerostethus species based on an 872 base-pair long concatenated DNA matrix (CO 1, Cytb, 16 S) with gene-wise partition modelling (CO 1 / Cytb: GTR + F + I + G 4; 16 S: GTR + F + G 4) constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates) and posterior probabilities. The symbol “ ” indicates a posterior probability less than 50 (i. e., collapsed nodes in the Bayesian Inference tree). EGP codes represent DNA extraction codes and serve also as unique specimen identifiers. Associated Aphanerostethus weevil figures on the right of the tree are not to scale. Note that, except for A. distinctus and A. taiwanus (see Comments under the A. taiwanus species profile), the monophyly of all Aphanerostethus species is strongly supported (BS: 100, PP: 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163067">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="80ABCC790C2FEEA87A415AA1EE4C4264" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A C Aphanerostethus magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 029, 035, and 108, respectively) D F Aphanerostethus morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 189, 144, and 115, respectively)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163071">7 D F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4D7BAA39B0DBA083698EFFABF3B2E5C4" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus elytra with scales removed, revealing differences in the length of the 10 th elytral stria. The yellow and red arrows indicate the base and apex of the 10 th elytral stria, respectively A Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) B A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 172) C A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 115) D A. decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) E A. distinctus (Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0089414) F A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 070)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163074">10 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F5F4653F10C2DC0F8D97B7342B7A5776" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 M, N</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DDE1B2A09A627E52A684A16C244F984E" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 093) C, D Aphanerostethus spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163084">20 A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOGAK" type="material">
<paragraph id="E6DC16D532E572B42A9D9E8746F10291">
<heading id="0C493ADF5FDCF50C9F6EAE11FE659AD3" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62BFB4D2D8E285AFE6A5F7715CD932A0">
<materialsCitation id="C700804DFEFFB4607813D3579AF604B4" collectingDate="2011-02-27" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="D4078CD580AEB7107A5A3360B352E764" bold="true">
<emphasis id="F80764F748380BEF980A400E7DF08560" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="FFE0EAF9EE562FDCF2AE19F17B6BEFAD" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="21025C83B5671676B69B7AA092938E31" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="C6A5748728CC62630A02DE5518ECB8CF" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="FA031868774201A037ED47F7D7A1AEA0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65F18F99CFBF5130B7ABCC5DF5176AEF:FA031868774201A037ED47F7D7A1AEA0" country="Vietnam" latitude="12.033334" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="FB24154ACCD19DE80436BABBF68062CD" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.033334">12 ° 02 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0706EEC41DE71DBD8A52DEC93E8EE264" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.433334">108 ° 26 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<elevation id="B68ED3B14EFBF32F0BFFCF77B94B6697" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">
elevation
<quantity id="8396B7F6F8990D32454724E1EFFA533F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<date id="5A5064B0EB2585343B10E407451D34D3" value="2011-02-27">
<collectingDate id="F320418715E2032C2B305BE7C39625AC" value="2011-02-27">27. II. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="FE11F85ECE0F52A732BD279D76FEA786">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, male deposited in
<named-content id="572BD35E02B29678FA595189843E9B4A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="ED9A63B46CE5DC8E171AC13927232AE3">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
,
<collectionCode id="4688FC6EDDF6F8D44715AE605E89DD55">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 093
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="DB71276EC41F042DD8491CB942D0A846" collectingDate="2013-02-21" collectingDateMax="2013-02-27" collectingDateMin="2013-02-21" collectionCode="TUA, OIST, KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1820" location="Mount Lang Biang" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="FC8FB92A8475F76703412E4D5C7A67A8" bold="true">
<emphasis id="30EC1B89B7BD4446A26F6B8829F0FDCD" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="A14041C538487E8ACBA575960744719A" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="D453CBFC2F00B66482E0BF1A12169387" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="72418AEC28B8EC5AF1A5034416F4BB00" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="422E5B0497A580DB291A9390CAA3357C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65F18F99CFBF5130B7ABCC5DF5176AEF:422E5B0497A580DB291A9390CAA3357C" country="Vietnam" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
<elevation id="14F28CA809DB4A73C9C914E1DDBFFC83" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8199999999999998" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.64" unit="m" value="1820.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1640.0">
elevation
<quantity id="544D41BF83F85B92FBE0DDBC8EA4F476" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8199999999999998" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.64" unit="m" value="1820.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1640.0">16402000 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<date id="2FD8FAE195BCA5B09473B992393A30C7" value="2013-02-21" valueMax="2013-02-27" valueMin="2013-02-21">
<collectingDate id="B84010C3585EAFC45741485F7299E92A" value="2013-02-21" valueMax="2013-02-27" valueMin="2013-02-21">2127. II. 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="74CCA5B921094230F68AA8A5FFB136D8">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (2,
<named-content id="CE4BD9148749D4A22CEB03A35234BDC8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="D96C1E07B17CFA7928CE85AE63944149">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
; 1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENHAK" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="749553C2A21C445F235E0E414AA6532E">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
; 1,
<named-content id="CC92578781FE92EA292078D5A21E9526" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="D6A6AE0E1481F20E83281AC9D33B690B">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="CD77B017D8954CAD5DCFB04BD32B4990">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 113
<collectionCode id="E2D0F989FC211D110D61BB61142A13D3">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 115 (EGP 0160 D 03, EGP 0160 D 08, EGP 0160 D 12),
<collectionCode id="7516BC19F2A071904D2F8226659D7E2B">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 187
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="64B2F068FFA5CAC6F7E48F85F8AA8AB5" collectingDate="2011-02-17" collectingDateMax="2011-02-18" collectingDateMin="2011-02-17" collectionCode="TUA, OIST, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="F365B465D86597A50355ED8A705FECFA" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="55154643AF9AE23585186DF8673CF672" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65F18F99CFBF5130B7ABCC5DF5176AEF:55154643AF9AE23585186DF8673CF672" country="Vietnam" latitude="12.033334" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EYHAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.433333,12.033333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="2D1C425A889E1D8CB2F95CC40C6F1058" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.033334">12 ° 02 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F7834B632B2AC79B38C2BDAE01B8F191" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.433334">108 ° 26 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<elevation id="08D166EAD0D5CA9331F2C49FFC1DC0A3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">
elevation
<quantity id="C17D72FF08C943AC989A9793C509E2B8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<date id="161C7F9AA88040E68B99FC8BB1B0B0A3" value="2011-02-17" valueMax="2011-02-18" valueMin="2011-02-17">
<collectingDate id="5BA68F7D19159CABCDA0498600740F52" value="2011-02-17" valueMax="2011-02-18" valueMin="2011-02-17">1718. II. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="03C20824313606E65F13890DE5D017A9">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (3,
<named-content id="42B966EA0DCABADBD0FD11E7427F42DC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="14BA4777664D34DE354F00E556CDFD94">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
; 1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBIAK" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="357433996AEA8DFD63DF2D85C712E9B5">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<collectionCode id="D4E64F6E9EF73C325EE21676AD5041B3">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 111 (EGP 0160 D 05),
<collectionCode id="87E3F04C4FFE28DD50FDF9DB4A3447AB">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 188
<collectionCode id="4A72713B993F731F480398FFD83CAC1F">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 190
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A527EBD635F56082D550D29EF9E25EF4" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure20" ID-arpha="63A2AD33-C11A-5A77-A79B-692C1220D411" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163084" startId="F20">
<paragraph id="EC421FD03A4FD9F9C379B50609E3D66D">
<label id="EFE8030A4E1C1609CF8C19DDDB799AB5">Figure 20.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4681F044B82B4145D1D3A6BB88D9838D">
Lateral and dorsal photographs of
<taxonomicName id="C00FACA2DFE0CA8B1A57B611BF2B9FBE" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="3000DC16467BABE6D8CEEB15CAA0B784" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
species
<emphasis id="7EF953D90D364A5532AA1364633FC6C4" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9D4B6886103AD93F095C0BAB93CD9732" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FB998A5B040CC5CF6B9DF47443CE120C" italics="true">Aphanerostethus morimotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="203F5C48B1AE908BC944ABD75F207BB8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 093)
<emphasis id="876730919B9856EBBAC4969D1CACE719" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="109E3F8FF6433518E7D0EC65C853674C" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="43CA7E1C319EC4143A639801361726F3" italics="true">Aphanerostethus spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4EC4FD91137BF1E33277889ACE5E3417" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 077).
<emphasis id="360B0F0B5842C1D33A81ED98572D4C44" italics="true">Scale</emphasis>
bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZJAK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE9BF98F224E2C1D41860A26087613AE">
<heading id="B812AB0E029EEA7BABD91292D58BF75E" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A88AA1BABF5AB8D15686C44FCE76C30">
Body length 1.82.0 mm.
<tp_taxon-name id="3A0C52C7FC1E9E957D5844338ED9303B">
<emphasis id="7F76397727ED2125B21E4D3272109363" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="8E46D78C3947E54E9C40BECEA8F54B9D" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
coated in dark, sandy gray, and white scales in indistinct
<tp_taxon-name id="B9E681728FD0418556460D028FC4359C">
<emphasis id="73154ED4024107E2C8639A52C2063E6C" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="9AA7018313945086EA1995F8D1E9FF82" reg="pattern" taxon-name-part-type="species">pattern</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
. Funicle with six articles. Procoxae contiguous. Only odd-numbered elytral intervals with erect scales. Erect elytral scales evenly distributed along intervals. Elytral interval 5 + 6 not distinctly arched at base. Femora with or without extremely minute tubercle or tooth along ventral edge. Scutellum reduced. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Metaventrite with a distinct elevated transverse ridge separating the meta- and mesocoxae. Metatibial uncus in male curved inwards, and with minute black tubercles at base (Fig.
<figureCitation id="96872811A507C9FD4A578F54E6FD518C" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 075) E H A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) I L A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) M P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163066">2 E H</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus sinuate near midpoint, and tapering prominently in lateral half (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DD150BB5B9672BEBE04093F6D150FE1E" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 M, N</figureCitation>
), unevenly curved, but rather bent ventrally at apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="19FBC504A96E30E5FC8EBA946423292B" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 M, N</figureCitation>
). Internal sac with roughened basal protruding structure (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FF65F1E69880B40E06B426249FD5D3DA" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 M, N</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5KAK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="472ECBEF4B3488E44291C0588AD86302">
<heading id="0255B48143A4624EDB0A7B7FFEABDB73" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5E62CCBFF835C687E325C9537E804BF7">
This species is currently only known from Mount Liang Bang,
<collectingRegion id="904BF87FD93CAB8E6C3B1E28EC772AED" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="6957C22956F91168047EC97E15D944D6" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDLAK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="296FF1418678924102B674C0C8BE3204">
<heading id="3E4B86BFEA23EA87220EDFBE58BA3D3A" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="941261ED8794F2283F980F357DBE6EF0">
This eponym is dedicated to the late Dr. Katsura Morimoto, who pioneered the field of weevil taxonomy and amassed an invaluable specimen collection (at
<named-content id="634B177753001CCD7F83FD17B186606F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="8302AF97E73436BE80D8EC34436D8963">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
) which we humbly make use of in this study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="11CB6B333E10F357701250FC93B4CD10" authority="Kojima &amp; Lewis" authorityName="Kojima &amp; Lewis" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifidus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B451BA6D1A66E7DDF477F2975BD2CDFD" italics="true">Aphanerostethus bifidus</emphasis>
Kojima &amp; Lewis
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="086C82ECE438CB87A2E635E68CD0C9C7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="06A29D7297F0EB02D7798E9225696D79">
<figureCitation id="D778ADD9963B3B8B0DA015F7568CAFE9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) E H A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0087658) I L A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) M P A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163065">Figs 1 A D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="73A848871281A5176A9C584727900D71" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood tree of Aphanerostethus species based on an 872 base-pair long concatenated DNA matrix (CO 1, Cytb, 16 S) with gene-wise partition modelling (CO 1 / Cytb: GTR + F + I + G 4; 16 S: GTR + F + G 4) constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates) and posterior probabilities. The symbol “ ” indicates a posterior probability less than 50 (i. e., collapsed nodes in the Bayesian Inference tree). EGP codes represent DNA extraction codes and serve also as unique specimen identifiers. Associated Aphanerostethus weevil figures on the right of the tree are not to scale. Note that, except for A. distinctus and A. taiwanus (see Comments under the A. taiwanus species profile), the monophyly of all Aphanerostethus species is strongly supported (BS: 100, PP: 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163067">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9F80936E29660BA6DF83BF8A995E723D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A Aphanerostethus armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) B D Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092, 101, and 103, respectively) E Aphanerostethus decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) F Aphanerostethus spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163068">4 B D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4EAE9A2809C3CC301AB4617030BD31CD" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus elytra with scales removed, revealing differences in the length of the 10 th elytral stria. The yellow and red arrows indicate the base and apex of the 10 th elytral stria, respectively A Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) B A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 172) C A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 115) D A. decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) E A. distinctus (Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0089414) F A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 070)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163074">10 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3F340D708F6D710BB1F4F81589B5E8B8" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus with the right elytron removed, revealing differences in the length, width, and venation of the hindwing (as shown here, the hindwing is affixed to the inner surface of the elytron in most specimens). A lateral view of the full body is shown below each close-up for reference. The red, blue, and yellow arrows indicate the base, midpoint, and apex of the hindwing, respectively A Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) B A. decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) C A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 041) D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 032)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163075">11 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9A407AD92B25CBD5B9235707C8077DE5" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) C, D Aphanerostethus decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163078">14 A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="799BABF0CFCE934EB42C58713FC6478A" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5849341919CCA9E5D81BA849056D30B9">
<heading id="C874A41E80CE32D639C48DBFC576A2CF" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F1A94D6A62F9119CFBF0A97C37A770C">
<materialsCitation id="A51818582EC6D1FE1B9B39F8283524BB" collectingDate="2011-02-18" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="EDBB2380B83FE5743BA4E992D56623D8" bold="true">
<emphasis id="0EA50F975B4C7D7F475DEB05FF91F6AD" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="1C8CFC4683E8151DBDAF5273A22F99E5" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="3EB0B476D55C7A33105A605CC6938361" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="AEC9A3808DFCAB9FF6A52AB500354A9A" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="753F67B189F806FBA9512F289D53D043" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:683050BA4C515D1A97B00775394988E2:753F67B189F806FBA9512F289D53D043" country="Vietnam" latitude="12.033334" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E23BI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.433333,12.033333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="77429B00503B145C07E88BCA152E0A1D" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.033334">12 ° 02 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E8A0576D910837D39AE2D93AB15DE248" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.433334">108 ° 26 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<elevation id="5E8A43739560FE59710B17C828485124" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">
elevation
<quantity id="2C32802099EF00A4F78B80A5688368C8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<date id="3951679C1CD9A48BFD3200724368C25E" value="2011-02-18">
<collectingDate id="059BA70A16534FD169E8C61420A75482" value="2011-02-18">18. II. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B562A7858A78958C73E9D64B31B72C96">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, male deposited in
<named-content id="B98C814865BB9940AFC9DE3C140D36A3" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="25EEFB1EAF4A685E84DBAA36B2DF1B89">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
,
<collectionCode id="A1C78A2D6A0472918D5B3E809C46619B">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 092
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="1684333B829164F3AAFAED1E413F2836" collectingDate="2011-02-18" collectionCode="TUA, OIST, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="FC0BF197FBAF93C51B71BD40786E212D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="C6A9A72043A1B0262BBB7FE915D70946" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="037371F9E332A89C22C6912C3E0CFEA8" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="4E146133D6F2B284E73DBF28BFECD442" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:683050BA4C515D1A97B00775394988E2:4E146133D6F2B284E73DBF28BFECD442" country="Vietnam" latitude="12.033334" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EK4BI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.433333,12.033333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="88E92E4F27178259A16ACCF1AA7BA121" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.033334">12 ° 02 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3E81A3A9644537041B74337060EB69E2" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.433334">108 ° 26 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<elevation id="BBE8410AB49AD5C55DFF93AF91291513" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">
elevation
<quantity id="A975FAB748DC126AC84FE610A2B48E64" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<date id="4B5A6172347A7BCF0AADF9283CBFAA1B" value="2011-02-18">
<collectingDate id="D3645D4CF14FC6269230687AA555B2F8" value="2011-02-18">18. II. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="53BFA992FF9E8FC2827FAF134DF15113">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="27C6A19711049299181CC977B8EA6189" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="84ED2624CF3AB3615AE5EDB4B2BD17A0">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
; 1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET4BI" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="F3DE3875C6F2A0BDD2955F84EF832DAE">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<collectionCode id="4D32D933A7B033FA765FA9CE15E2AC1E">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 101 (EGP 0160 C 09),
<collectionCode id="6C33D689801635D7F7107AE133DA957A">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 102
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="652D7C4231F1CF152A2F156775498647" collectingDate="2013-02-26" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
same locality,
<date id="7F8D75E8B8F3D66C03892CBC2E686CA9" value="2013-02-26">
<collectingDate id="D32BB29E4374AF67CAD17B0AF72CDCD2" value="2013-02-26">26. II. 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="82A029DCA387FE73E228B3D434612625">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="CA76704654BFE14D0CEEC489E28E3C1C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="EC8F052329DBA028F61E1F77FE5EA34E">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="7B626C31C73367CA06FDB5D22A2D875B">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 103 (EGP 0160 C 10)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E24BI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7C7296ACF9ECD878055C95B98FC6BCB7">
<heading id="5C6EB9410328D5C95A1E4A9BE961B80E" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D09524C3A6C6BF15393106C601A7E8E3">
Body length
<quantity id="1A4DDC3AC05F3FA2D98E7EA0E87794E4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.7" unit="mm" value="2.8" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.7">2.72.9 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="310F57900C66E08406F0F4B0D286657F">
<emphasis id="6EE5C8C1008B25789B1FA0ADB47EAD86" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="F4A52E699D2ED7706A4B8A47570AACE5" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
covered in dark to pale brown scales, with distinct dark, V-shaped band across anterior part of elytra. Funicle with six articles. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Procoxae slightly separated. Second and odd-numbered elytral intervals with erect scales. Erect elytral scales concentrated in bundle on first, third, and fifth interval along V-shaped band. Scutellum prominent. Femora with large ventral tooth at midpoint. Metaventrite with a distinct elevated transverse ridge separating the meta- and mesocoxae. Metatibial uncus bifid in male (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3B6E53582A8C0D20925E1845868C73EE" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) E H A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0087658) I L A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) M P A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163065">1 A D</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus with distinctly long apodemes, and subquadrate in apical half (Fig.
<figureCitation id="06C3E68AA6284AB97A89E2ABE7CD3254" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="9BD4FE211C65B5394AC09E1638481E18" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure14" ID-arpha="4870B860-718E-5D45-B839-4DA75F6DC262" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163078" startId="F14">
<paragraph id="A2A2881D0AE5CE30142B0422247BFA45">
<label id="CCAE6F4A66EDFF21396C8A8D849583F2">Figure 14.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C590208F8ED743DF046B6C1C2ECBCE91">
Lateral and dorsal photographs of
<taxonomicName id="BCEA0A895E18E8574ED6930339BC15AB" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="668686D0184E2B5E47B439B86DB53F40" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
species
<emphasis id="818367C65AD1F03A55C70B7911FA89C5" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="34390DEF45A89CD4FDF50374A7746D9F" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifidus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1469101FE44E238AE741356499FD17A8" italics="true">Aphanerostethus bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="852AD3506BF6845FF9B755E24E81683F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 092)
<emphasis id="1F618834D382C14950569F6FE54CA588" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DBB64355DB455D58D7A253294A255C19" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decoratus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A358BD94E87942021D36B133DE99898B" italics="true">Aphanerostethus decoratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FEB9CF401EB254CD3515A66E74FDA08A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 079).
<emphasis id="CD8722395AB8754D60B88C018C5F256C" italics="true">Scale</emphasis>
bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="35E6F3C9855355D5B96AC65446FA08D8" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" ID-arpha="794E357F-1417-557B-B2A6-9B0904506DEC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079" startId="F15">
<paragraph id="C68640DE011081FCEB5EBA3B9D63E967">
<label id="261EAC9F18872AE216CBA9C93FC9F7CC">Figure 15.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F614453E337794F2C17B1ABE3F7A104D">
Aedeagi of
<taxonomicName id="20FF8C25F213ED2E5FFD589E1908873B" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="574E390C83301E51C0A1A319D3433676" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
species
<emphasis id="AA492D5EC7B525C10A517FAC2DF9A60A" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="0DF6D1DDA0ECFF4CD0A8028D0B2BB4E6" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifidus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7916BDC31C145D974481BD940C8599FD" italics="true">A. bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0A26EAF7665EED6D40BF0A9DB832B2A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 102)
<emphasis id="6854A9C21F2C48F25A30BDE43AFBFA60" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B52F6786463BAC9430BF624C2C8E4357" authority="(Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985)" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="199CAF412E5A577F5AD368C19B87E263" italics="true">A. distinctus</emphasis>
(Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985)
</taxonomicName>
(OKENT 87658)
<emphasis id="412C6FA7B12EE0C44B21EBCC93D3F2C2" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F0742E311E629BBD085F22EDBE50384E" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="00C589072A862B1146A85762FD552C96" italics="true">A. falcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E441DEF17613B9D328C605F2B29E15D7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 099)
<emphasis id="C5FB63D3DF1B6AD45AF10E9CC7A24116" bold="true">G, H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0BB6814FD7540A41D7B996D848BF44D4" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incurvatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F4B6D2341A802E243AE93D670AAA1784" italics="true">A. incurvatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="35B37E8806FDD7AB864D6366DC7C790C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)
<emphasis id="D6A5D5B8FA71803FF1D5359DB53132B6" bold="true">I, J</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4D9F70536D7BF146E10BCC2CAB8BC739" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0E85A97AA8E05E0C45F24121F8DE2948" italics="true">A. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F5EF2286DB2227583B97A39A7D107596" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 052)
<emphasis id="4E87B014711064077179C011DB84B5FE" bold="true">K, L</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="01FDC440C31A0BA36529E6824AC06676" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7D99D8C17A5122568B6C4299A3F5A1C1" italics="true">A. magnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCB9DEC9C3C1D571DAF6C4A3D9A17BD2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 022)
<emphasis id="AC75281D4C9BD49F9C8F762294A3B6D3" bold="true">M, N</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5A32320235D8D11C9DE37395984E4C24" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D92397A595E2B80F966971BCE3EBE317" italics="true">A. morimotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00A19060D5B9F06C4E4A7568F60D18CB" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 113)
<emphasis id="24A0CDE6C7BD73688F1AEA210C983E3D" bold="true">O, P</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="893F4FB3714AC198CA81785C57109D15" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="57C7CF302F8C004F2BE5DC21640F9927" italics="true">A. nudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5E21C5AB1A153AF650760A907A43EAE2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 012)
<emphasis id="260E341F86804E6B2F0E8F96181C9971" bold="true">Q, R</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="35D510C6D580A8AD15FC6BEFDCBE2394" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A1C23084CD12841C08102AEDB37E840A" italics="true">A. spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D75738940E5422CB4855955CA5B71A8A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 077)
<emphasis id="3DDD25EB2E98888E005339B8403311C8" bold="true">S, T</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0EEAE88864C2BAB95B61249A274774B0" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="04DEE6101BF98294A7985259253DD405" italics="true">A. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1CA3CBE447E2A9CE8FEAC011E5EF85A0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 016)
<emphasis id="48DA0F91DD96E3F77B118C5CFC9F0CF9" bold="true">U, V</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3B702460C0AACB404155711D810B64E8" authority="Voss, 1957" authorityName="Voss" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vannideki">
<emphasis id="AB3E61F91368FC9864A98182CC2B3178" italics="true">A. vannideki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="68BD1323F2AD6603B4094B5672ABAB3C" author="Voss E" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pagination="7-63" refId="B63" refString="Voss E (1957) Neue und bekannte, vorwiegend indonesische Curculioniden (Coleoptera). Treubia 24 (1): 7 - 63." title="Neue und bekannte, vorwiegend indonesische Curculioniden (Coleoptera)." volume="24" year="1957">Voss, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 082).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGFCI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="48C01AC2D3EEEFB9EC0314A5054CB194">
<heading id="2F6AEF774AE238BD423BAFD4DD0D2F74" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FA35D15DB5DF4107D8B366D0CC91475">
This species is currently only known from Mount Lang Biang,
<collectingCountry id="C7358CE3FE925CC91326D62E762C3418" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELFCI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CA7EEDEDEE71ACF7F809DDACEA8B7DD2">
<heading id="30D1EA3A95AC78BD4DDEC8FEB28C7D51" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E6AAF5010092B20C917E326A95B41791">
The specific name
<taxonomicName id="35D243DE4E2FE73DADE6AB1925059CCE" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="555542BB504CE63B3E088337688F6DDB" italics="true">bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latin adjective in reference to the bifid metatibial uncus observed in males (Fig.
<figureCitation id="23BE5D369CB30927CA2D431BC79BC41C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) E H A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0087658) I L A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) M P A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163065">1 A D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,655 @@
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<mods:title id="DBAB4672665650C1E38CEC2F36602297">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A8FCDAC59A5DB07870DD0A586267FDD7">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F38CCFCF027653D6D668884B1E4363A0" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5147-7237</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="34265AFBCB9363DC71DF149CE0DD0364">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="55146FB22EE958647AE13D69A8C2D1AD">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DDFEB0B71716AF3BC1A6D76850CE33D8">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="70A4D43904868E577BEE0263B663106B">
<mods:roleTerm id="2613F956B5D2B46AC0A58841890F0BE6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BBB2DC66211456DA698F01D721E9A720">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A371F2421E85D93C9FE3E769E11AC1D8">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B6F1BB6866A0EC19C19A48470A624F19" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7175F83BA55C885DD6593B589A6542A7">
<mods:roleTerm id="28E9EBFDFD0F53C56DE3039C1AF5E5C5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="25C57384A6CA501ABA92BBCBE7BA803E">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E8D792F57F605F3DDD67DE6B49FD2EF3" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4408-0458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="054483FE595B9668A4BA89FE2F93F54E">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="AF68DA7B9CE104F4934F112E711A6E81">
<mods:roleTerm id="ED646516B81F66532BB53266267DE6CA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="94C9CF3B29F7710B9A42D2863ACEC7B0">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D711429E52FF30CD7EF4BC748B071E92" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1758-7599</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6DE54683DECCB838A18F3D68BFAAA621">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="2714345C26514AAB384C7523D7EE78C7">
<mods:roleTerm id="EB0CAF74FFE6E6EB4FEF31BF06511BFE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F6B5D07FB6AE5C6481222503FA764784">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5E9A392B93FFA8E8FBA7A1F0904FFB13" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1758-903X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9289CB522415F6227D44C3CE7BA51A6E">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="856A0859A41A9854ABCC8B2447BB0A06">Warren, Dan L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AD8899034D2CF3A330B860424B34C6A4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8747-2451</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3E15081D7F22E3192A2F654D576F9DB3">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="FFFC0A9AB49BEF0B5B307FD63DEADD8C">2024</mods:date>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSubSection id="E15002F7D0B2D7BB9DCF81D5D6F9C613" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AE3F3CCC1AC7E7EBA55544B2929386F5">
<taxonomicName id="75BBC4E26F9CE4930E36A93715E2EFAF" authority="Lewis &amp; Kojima" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5748FC5558783C477222F4A39EAD0184" italics="true">Aphanerostethus japonicus</emphasis>
Lewis &amp; Kojima
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="90426EB4D00B0A71C8F752EF1FF1C655" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F449091456B5F7BC8FC84DE793D967FA" type="description">
<paragraph id="9603C2207895AAC8DE186971F07C9ADB">
<figureCitation id="BFA0B2B6B827F6FA115AB200723BAB5C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood tree of Aphanerostethus species based on an 872 base-pair long concatenated DNA matrix (CO 1, Cytb, 16 S) with gene-wise partition modelling (CO 1 / Cytb: GTR + F + I + G 4; 16 S: GTR + F + G 4) constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates) and posterior probabilities. The symbol “ ” indicates a posterior probability less than 50 (i. e., collapsed nodes in the Bayesian Inference tree). EGP codes represent DNA extraction codes and serve also as unique specimen identifiers. Associated Aphanerostethus weevil figures on the right of the tree are not to scale. Note that, except for A. distinctus and A. taiwanus (see Comments under the A. taiwanus species profile), the monophyly of all Aphanerostethus species is strongly supported (BS: 100, PP: 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163067">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8D1E73B0088A357CB421CEBD0F2ABB42" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A, B Aphanerostethus incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 095, 104) C F Aphanerostethus japonicus sp. nov. (OKENT 0055232, JHLHY _ DAR _ 051, 052, 041)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163070">6 C F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="223C6AB894064D06EB3FF65EDA37F142" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus with the right elytron removed, revealing differences in the length, width, and venation of the hindwing (as shown here, the hindwing is affixed to the inner surface of the elytron in most specimens). A lateral view of the full body is shown below each close-up for reference. The red, blue, and yellow arrows indicate the base, midpoint, and apex of the hindwing, respectively A Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) B A. decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) C A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 041) D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 032)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163075">11 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="550F2A778BF005CB2E5E2C12355BD6ED" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus A, B A. armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) shallow prosternal canal C, D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 029) deep prosternal canal E A. armatus (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) fore-femur showing elongate, thorn-like ventral tooth F A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 051) fore-femur showing blunt, obtuse ventral tooth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163077">13 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2628CA548CDE4870556C9B88DB08C005" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 I, J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4AAB1F495210580E43DCCEDBB80866DE" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. darlingi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 126) C, D A. japonicus sp. nov. (OKENT 0055168). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163080">16 C, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="084887F6112032AEE6C9F89F86650B34" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18 A Prominent ridge between meso- and metacoxae (Aphanerostethus distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985), OKENT 0087604) B No prominent ridge between meso- and metacoxae (A. japonicus sp. nov., OKENT 0055168)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163082">18 B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDQDI" type="material">
<paragraph id="AED0855B4113EB40758BCC557333CC99">
<heading id="D4256D586E12C7887BA7DAC62CED2B69" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5899A399C413DFBB4854FEE14FEFA085">
<materialsCitation id="5A01499EADA1511AC20709860CB0A9B7" collectingDate="2009-05-06" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="Y. Tsutsumiuchi" country="Japan" location="Shiraiwa-yama" municipality="Gokase-chou" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Miyazaki" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="551456361DB185C47DF7A85F1FACE9AC" bold="true">
<emphasis id="4F933E40BE918BE38A183AC602E09C49" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="D8776EA8C36A903A6C8023F154879853" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="38335953F54416BAE7BB3E7646F63AD0" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="B7EB08F6211C006204C4FF8C7B9F29AB" country="Japan" name="Miyazaki">Miyazaki Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingMunicipality id="C9D166FDA477C28DA7E8E9BA250D7E9A">Gokase-chou</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="C2B848CD55D3C223E1D10997340A593E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:C2B848CD55D3C223E1D10997340A593E" country="Japan" municipality="Gokase-chou" name="Shiraiwa-yama" stateProvince="Miyazaki">Shiraiwa-yama</location>
,
<date id="D23FDA2F886834AD3AA6D5A1BB889C16" value="2009-05-06">
<collectingDate id="758C9D4D6ADEA98294FC84CB1B607B1E" value="2009-05-06">6. V. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0D81D6135C59085A9DE04F626C9F7995">Y. Tsutsumiuchi</collectorName>
, male deposited in
<named-content id="B588DCC97A95485E074AFA651141C9CD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="6D74B4C27759DD79AEEC84C13DF6B542">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
,
<collectionCode id="F85303BFCFFB00F28F61EEEC17940D7D">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 052
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03E3D9EC2BC67839E4DBBF181007ECDF" collectingDate="1986-04-02" collectionCode="KUM" collectorName="E. Yamamoto" country="Japan" location="Odamiyama" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ehime" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="F806ECC608080FA670978A94C0C9EE39" bold="true">
<emphasis id="6EEFDCA04B8128D10ED49CBAE3606DC5" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="A614BE18A12F6DC480ABF208338514AC" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="7BFB3AE1C46603FA5B5CCEA9428F5445" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="DDDB8E330D420D4CDCC1281D54A2C545" country="Japan" name="Ehime">Ehime Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<location id="728FAF557F1663DFD32C194ED1074DDC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:728FAF557F1663DFD32C194ED1074DDC" country="Japan" name="Odamiyama" stateProvince="Ehime">Odamiyama</location>
,
<date id="6E29C264291C82E15128012D89F7EAB4" value="1986-04-02">
<collectingDate id="1A8EDB60C83AFD242F80CE6E312F07DC" value="1986-04-02">2. IV. 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="5A87F8E3F375A2C39C8CAEAF2B998D22">E. Yamamoto</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="87F5E9F83421CB03E8991E0A2F2B74AB" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="1213911662AEE2B6EE37EFF5D5371913">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
), JHL _ SYN _ 197
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="2A9C1547332F319B35A6130D3187F022" collectingDate="1992-07-11" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="K. Kume" country="Japan" location="Ootaki-yama" municipality="Shionoe-chou" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagawa" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="4CD828425EC5F2A38B2563632C429E80" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="08FD0F0287826E65CBE7A1D681DCA919" country="Japan" name="Kagawa">Kagawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingMunicipality id="20F5462317A5D36252D80E924964F4C6">Shionoe-chou</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="CE3E9EAFFC2787C8223A15DA36CF32BC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:CE3E9EAFFC2787C8223A15DA36CF32BC" country="Japan" municipality="Shionoe-chou" name="Ootaki-yama" stateProvince="Kagawa">Ootaki-yama</location>
,
<date id="63506EBCC5C091A5902953CA2B2E888E" value="1992-07-11">
<collectingDate id="0704C5361F46E6A7D9A41C90137FAEB8" value="1992-07-11">11. VII. 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="FFC1387CC3FF964E47021E96DEB97168">K. Kume</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="2FD9695EFD1FC73C9CC4B7F815423878" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="332179CCC092EF04F71D05C1FA6B3AA7">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="C4A59CD74931BC152BBFD8DF8485F347">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 053
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="89759BBDD521390BE705358C1E157989" collectingDate="2009-05-06" collectionCode="KUM, OIST, JHLHY" collectorName="Y. Tsutsumiuchi" country="Japan" location="Shiraiwa-yama" municipality="Gokase-chou" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Miyazaki" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="C8E339B156BE35C688F5D7DB7662F463" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="66ACF98A4B65009C4B4989635A160B2D" country="Japan" name="Miyazaki">Miyazaki Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingMunicipality id="846AFBA70BFCD21D382D5D6DDCB15FE0">Gokase-chou</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B8CB0ED917A9F79778EF71C3D9F773AB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:B8CB0ED917A9F79778EF71C3D9F773AB" country="Japan" municipality="Gokase-chou" name="Shiraiwa-yama" stateProvince="Miyazaki">Shiraiwa-yama</location>
,
<date id="5ECA13EF5313601E60BAD76386E11534" value="2009-05-06">
<collectingDate id="20BB6A8E6B3ACB7B7284318BB7460986" value="2009-05-06">6. V. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="92C1186C52AC2E862DCCDC9225E6C371">Y. Tsutsumiuchi</collectorName>
, (3,
<named-content id="3F2C354959AE33EC66203C0754F1D2EA" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="DEB7E80830981F70BEA0F9CF91D967A2">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
; 1,
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<collectionCode id="3C3750791B69311A030901DE8A33FA69">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<collectionCode id="FB35F1D95535EFB40DDF783B52B57682">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 048
<collectionCode id="52F596126396F854392BF74DB5B2F8DD">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 051
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="8B2C6DC7C7C4702D007278B36094557C" collectingDate="2017-06-17" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="R. Ito" country="Japan" location="Mt. Mokouzaka" municipality="Gokase" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Miyazaki" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="975A0AE9AAC3FB91596FCC79F8EE91EB">Gokase</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="A042059E7FC1C13C8075C8A93ADD9F98" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:A042059E7FC1C13C8075C8A93ADD9F98" country="Japan" municipality="Gokase" name="Mt. Mokouzaka" stateProvince="Miyazaki">Mt. Mokouzaka</location>
,
<date id="D99C5AF126A879A495BC391DA12E3142" value="2017-06-17">
<collectingDate id="F01A1915DDBA4E1DE90662391DCD9E64" value="2017-06-17">17. VI. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="FDE9318498D2687644A85B0E70D997AE">R. Ito</collectorName>
, (4,
<named-content id="8BB8410501DF7A06199D758A616D3ADC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="65D37627866C7D488F29AD9C7724D87D">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="FB99F74600F56F0C54DFC09ADDC62F25">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 059 (EGP 0160 E 04), JHL _ SYN _ 194 JHL _ SYN _ 196
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="C6EDF09031F07D71090A4ACC6CA3AC82" collectingDate="2018-07-15" collectionCode="KUM" collectorName="R. Ito" country="Japan" location="Hinokage" municipality="Mt. Goyodake" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Miyazaki" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="B6C989A49D27484E0E3624720D33D394">Mt. Goyodake</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D6ABAF3DCB59BC292C15D27405AD507C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:D6ABAF3DCB59BC292C15D27405AD507C" country="Japan" municipality="Mt. Goyodake" name="Hinokage" stateProvince="Miyazaki">Hinokage</location>
,
<date id="7B00B91C894196FEFC91A644EC06CB54" value="2018-07-15">
<collectingDate id="C1252ED96C4A3093EAA9A1866EE96C73" value="2018-07-15">15. VII. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="005BDC28EB9D13290FD045A6C2272144">R. Ito</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="5C2F0B9FB173E737BBA18FDBF9998FB8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="6DCEF04EB0D5F10168E77C78EF1F6AA2">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
), JHL _ SYN _ 199
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4B75A748CB947AD65F90CF41E9826D12" collectingDate="2017-09-10" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="R. Ito" country="Japan" location="Fujigawachi-keikoku" municipality="Saiki-shi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Oita" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="D06A3F2920F02520A8BF9D1F288262DC" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="8AA1C78C4F2B0EFC0B47D14DA5BC0C70" country="Japan" name="Oita">Oita Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingMunicipality id="F2BDBDF1BBDA5DBBA6CDE1FCCA78FAE2">Saiki-shi</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D59F17D14AB269C1425D2A6148A2ACBF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:D59F17D14AB269C1425D2A6148A2ACBF" country="Japan" municipality="Saiki-shi" name="Fujigawachi-keikoku" stateProvince="Oita">Fujigawachi-keikoku</location>
,
<date id="71B8B93CDFE3B09AF826078F7DD3A4D3" value="2017-09-10">
<collectingDate id="D1C9968DF64A1816E089214CDB9AC2F3" value="2017-09-10">10. IX. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B3006B323C31A22FCE9FA7064FA42D41">R. Ito</collectorName>
, (2,
<named-content id="B15F195C424A2E90DAD1EA2CE0A22342" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="15D2CE6CFF5F33411D06420441623287">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
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_ DAR _ 054,
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_ DAR _ 055
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="4FF363D14CD0C9D67A00248F37E526F2" collectingDate="2018-05-18" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="R. Ito" country="Japan" location="Fujigawachi-keikoku" municipality="Saiki-shi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Oita" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="6762C32C9E84A836950CEC85492EE947">Saiki-shi</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4933B914A61C153098E48A92538CC657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:4933B914A61C153098E48A92538CC657" country="Japan" municipality="Saiki-shi" name="Fujigawachi-keikoku" stateProvince="Oita">Fujigawachi-keikoku</location>
,
<date id="A430799B19C901289E4DB8EF60CAA448" value="2018-05-18">
<collectingDate id="20D39F5A63632A2AB99BF61345341E19" value="2018-05-18">18. V. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0C3C4EAD9DB27702CF3CD0F31EBB3830">R. Ito</collectorName>
, (3,
<named-content id="1A4247CD1702ECB25F0EEB22F37E5024" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="D4456B55CA43127F28396D3C52C515B3">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
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_ DAR _ 056
<collectionCode id="C87CABAD0C800BF0687B0B36C851D8B8">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 058, EGP 0160 E 05
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="EE3291B46E04A812160451380A5BBB49" collectingDate="2016-06-10" collectingDateMax="2016-06-24" collectingDateMin="2016-06-10" collectionCode="OIST" collectorName="L. Iha &amp; T. Kinjo" country="Japan" county="Island" latitude="26.73894" location="Yona Field" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.2372" municipality="Kunigami" specimenCode="OKENT 0062435" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectingRegion id="35D11DA3022B1343F1A5F84D13F5A98B" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="A29C3B9ED166CCF902850586764D4562" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="4D4D0FE6BC4E6AF6CA072B92C3B9B36A">Island</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A4F856934C6EFF45B38E0B299286A505">Kunigami</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="1EC90E11B726FB01D8967ACC481647DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:1EC90E11B726FB01D8967ACC481647DF" country="Japan" county="Island" latitude="26.73894" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.2372" municipality="Kunigami" name="Yona Field" stateProvince="Okinawa">Yona Field</location>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="CDA4ADBDD832AE1A4B3DE4FA6F6588FB" degrees="26.73894" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.73894">26.73894 ° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BC02768534D2A8152502F10E51CEF2A" degrees="128.23720" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.2372">128.23720 ° E</geoCoordinate>
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),
<date id="B1C72CAC575F1AAACB9A627E69E0452E" value="2016-06-10" valueMax="2016-06-24" valueMin="2016-06-10">
<collectingDate id="DEC4C9A25F586505200BC00F4BFEC64C" value="2016-06-10" valueMax="2016-06-24" valueMin="2016-06-10">1024. VI. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2A90D85B6BECE251E8235EECC3C03578">L. Iha</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="F64D423D785803B8E7557C6ED0FB4F89">T. Kinjo</collectorName>
, (1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGSDI" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="2F8F6F9F27A37B12958243C6DDDB0406">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<specimenCode id="304B94CF0FF0FEE467650F41AF00626D" collectionCode="OIST">OKENT 0062435</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="FA3DE135E36169D81EFDE6A4C502F4B6" collectingDate="2016-02-05" collectingDateMax="2016-02-19" collectingDateMin="2016-02-05" collectionCode="OIST" collectorName="L. Iha &amp; T. Kinjo" country="Japan" county="Island" latitude="26.73894" location="Yona Field" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.2372" municipality="Kunigami" specimenCode="OKENT 0055232" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa" typeStatus="paratype">
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,
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<location id="F836BF804B4F1039B0805024256142A0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:F836BF804B4F1039B0805024256142A0" country="Japan" county="Island" latitude="26.73894" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.2372" municipality="Kunigami" name="Yona Field" stateProvince="Okinawa">Yona Field</location>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="5839B6C155DAB6A87E785A8A04FEBB87" degrees="26.73894" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.73894">26.73894 ° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5CC1D3D35F8F285DF17BD9D5FB772358" degrees="128.23720" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.2372">128.23720 ° E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<collectingDate id="8DB7B2E7CBFEC28E73DF0147B9BF36CB" value="2016-02-05" valueMax="2016-02-19" valueMin="2016-02-05">519. II. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1416DEA56B9F46227034E81E0C19FCD0">L. Iha</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E115E168746487057494AAF77EB57085">T. Kinjo</collectorName>
, (1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESSDI" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="FB51811990E4142F5BF478E54C9B8DE6">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<specimenCode id="242AB52A221258959F923D336DA69011" collectionCode="OIST">OKENT 0055232</specimenCode>
(EGP 0160 B 12)
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="5C18E11FB3B7B3C11EED9A75D9DD4761" collectingDate="2016-07-22" collectingDateMax="2016-08-05" collectingDateMin="2016-07-22" collectionCode="OIST" collectorName="T. Kinjo &amp; K. Uekama" country="Japan" county="Island" latitude="26.73894" location="Yona Field" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.2372" municipality="Kunigami" specimenCode="OKENT 0055516" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="462AAC70014FB92ACFB4A293DD6F0E73" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="8A8D31287BB0E452457103F24DAA3D82">Island</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="736CBBFC59677BEC77BEC2F7213D2D86">Kunigami</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="1FCE4225DA62475CF6D5C6DDA8E4B941" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:1FCE4225DA62475CF6D5C6DDA8E4B941" country="Japan" county="Island" latitude="26.73894" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.2372" municipality="Kunigami" name="Yona Field" stateProvince="Okinawa">Yona Field</location>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="EA29C628BA4BA53B92F6E45F61076DD8" degrees="26.73894" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.73894">26.73894 ° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="664C0BCE182AE1060796D24B3B68A5F0" degrees="128.23720" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.2372">128.23720 ° E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<collectingDate id="08C0CF23690067E149720A0CF0E4016E" value="2016-07-22" valueMax="2016-08-05" valueMin="2016-07-22">22. VII. 5. VIII. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8A6C827F9E845C8FCCF7DD8738CAE702">T. Kinjo</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="40A2B1E20380C2500F5B7928985C8DCA">K. Uekama</collectorName>
, (1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5SDI" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="9B972FADF8B26889313BEFEE9BBB6780">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<specimenCode id="F45B3C64D375250D5CACA7F75FD31312" collectionCode="OIST">OKENT 0055516</specimenCode>
(EGP 0160 B 11)
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="C99B7550CD1032274854BACB08E210BC" collectingDate="2015-11-27" collectingDateMax="2015-12-11" collectingDateMin="2015-11-27" collectionCode="OIST" collectorName="Y. Tamaki &amp; S. Iriyama &amp; T. Yoshida" country="Japan" county="Island" latitude="26.73894" location="Yona Field" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.2372" municipality="Kunigami" specimenCode="OKENT 0055168" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="6BE07BC07E3FB38E41EB8BFBCBAC626A" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="FF9ED45082A7FF46A45B7B94FB139336">Island</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7D504FF29FC283948B2DE6ECFBC93585">Kunigami</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="C96CE2D04F23AB0A55DFD84D8C65716E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:C96CE2D04F23AB0A55DFD84D8C65716E" country="Japan" county="Island" latitude="26.73894" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.2372" municipality="Kunigami" name="Yona Field" stateProvince="Okinawa">Yona Field</location>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="9CFED75C02E31B5530EDE0F8ED64023F" degrees="26.73894" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.73894">26.73894 ° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="24C7E382AD01138FADA70DCC5A8468FB" degrees="128.23720" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.2372">128.23720 ° E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<collectingDate id="4799EFBF24378546557CF0471363A6A6" value="2015-11-27" valueMax="2015-12-11" valueMin="2015-11-27">27. XI. 11. XII. 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="BA600E3787A7486439827C1F0179B63F">Y. Tamaki</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="12D4AF9684C6B82F2BA0C4F0B5B291E1">S. Iriyama</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="3F092225483E0CC428E0922382E484ED">T. Yoshida</collectorName>
, (1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKTDI" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="062BA518466182B1136A015703F9D8C2">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<specimenCode id="5F504F006B466675DA1290A0B01E090D" collectionCode="OIST">OKENT 0055168</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="49DB220D0850EA63232EFFED937A3146" collectingDate="2011-07-31" collectionCode="KUM, OIST, JHLHY" collectorName="K. Kume" country="Japan" county="Mima-gun" latitude="33.883335" location="Ichiu" longLatPrecision="1202" longitude="134.06667" municipality="Tsurugi-chou" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tokushima" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="3383D20A283C4473053B56D9AF966D17" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="B53327C172DAA0AFC7C7E08F4380E7F1" country="Japan" name="Tokushima">Tokushima Prefecture</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingCounty id="D7187B60D817EAFA9A50391B09664D78">Mima-gun</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A181900B4CDD128121A7D344EED6B76C">Tsurugi-chou</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4F8C2D041B4B747081F2EA645F176F45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:4F8C2D041B4B747081F2EA645F176F45" country="Japan" county="Mima-gun" latitude="33.883335" longLatPrecision="1202" longitude="134.06667" municipality="Tsurugi-chou" name="Ichiu" stateProvince="Tokushima">Ichiu</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ETTDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[134.066667,33.883333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="D77B54D02174408F97F9D812C1E93DC7" degrees="33" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="33.883335">33 ° 53 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E809207DA7CB62254B3C1E43D9338FEA" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="4" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="134.06667">134 ° 4 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<date id="6877E72BF211A9B670B8AAA35389BADE" value="2011-07-31">
<collectingDate id="03D07C4153AB96945FF709BD12D67C70" value="2011-07-31">31. VII. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="93E3E51E70FDDF9800FE20FB58B93FE1">K. Kume</collectorName>
, (4,
<named-content id="C507FD792B1B3FC6459ED88F2843406A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="A7706503F2FC7F4FE96C106F7BBE7B1A">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
; 1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3TDI" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="9773D4EA42F25E53227E8F344EB34950">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<collectionCode id="BF5F22A60AF17CAA134CAD3AA2671A0D">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 037
<collectionCode id="6EA11583696D25E2B2C433AA0C8CB756">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 041
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="25F314650CF12F5DB767C6336A567507" collectingDate="2014-07-27" collectionCode="KUM" collectorName="K. Kanno" country="Japan" location="Tsurugi-chou" municipality="Mt. Tomaru" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tokushima" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="42FC2887B95C3160F5AD60F37187162F">Mt. Tomaru</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="585B3FD6DAD10B33398CE907093270FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:585B3FD6DAD10B33398CE907093270FB" country="Japan" municipality="Mt. Tomaru" name="Tsurugi-chou" stateProvince="Tokushima">Tsurugi-chou</location>
,
<date id="5DFD6413AAFBBF77B2964D4EE43A2263" value="2014-07-27">
<collectingDate id="C00D6AB9A0792A8242407B3BF3391845" value="2014-07-27">27. VII. 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8A58B504FDF0E3451F5B1E0BA10AE0D8">K. Kanno</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="52A35E3B2638F074B6FD9191CBEB37C3" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="00FC2BBF05F211B676261099BD8ED0FD">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
), JHL _ SYN _ 198
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="59B297E8DF8DF22EA0D5F7EB50325529" collectingDate="2021-08-04" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="K. Kume" country="Japan" latitude="33.966667" location="Nishiiyayama-son" longLatPrecision="1202" longitude="133.06667" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tokushima" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="EE72985E3703BEA30065778F33AF4B05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:EE72985E3703BEA30065778F33AF4B05" country="Japan" latitude="33.966667" longLatPrecision="1202" longitude="133.06667" name="Nishiiyayama-son" stateProvince="Tokushima">Nishiiyayama-son</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EHUDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[133.066667,33.966667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="FE7DE94FD5356E327928718B47F353F1" degrees="33" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="33.966667">33 ° 58 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A1FC5A89D00A8B261AF62E8E8757445A" degrees="133" direction="east" minutes="4" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="133.06667">133 ° 4 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<date id="D0255682E0901DD96D278659E4E2B098" value="2021-08-04">
<collectingDate id="3B5EF6431ECC14B530397137405904F8" value="2021-08-04">4. VIII. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="798695B25A42D489E5CB732C52DAFC62">K. Kume</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="29AFC39FF40976A164DC49B1D57E989A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="71DA4E8E8209A73C1E281054D2B65E92">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="A348953DADB33F57E5110CF10BAF66A8">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 042
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="717B6CEA39D27A7882B356D926847FCC" collectingDate="2012-07-22" collectionCode="KUM, OIST, JHLHY" collectorName="K. Kume" country="Japan" county="Miyoshi-shi" location="Furonto" municipality="Mikamo-chou" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tokushima" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCounty id="9796C90DE0A44BD5A9E62CD011C183FF">Miyoshi-shi</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="1AEA8B39ED09D9B23BCAB9AB04A51D63">Mikamo-chou</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="52881C629F9BC9DF36ED1953BF4CF885" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAB99E935754EC842CED6A899D09E0:52881C629F9BC9DF36ED1953BF4CF885" country="Japan" county="Miyoshi-shi" municipality="Mikamo-chou" name="Furonto" stateProvince="Tokushima">Furonto</location>
,
<date id="9506F01E1A204234A58D06CAA70AB59E" value="2012-07-22">
<collectingDate id="07D98AFCB59F6144D911E2EB41759F3B" value="2012-07-22">22. VII. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2746FD662D8378269EEADD6A50938E3E">K. Kume</collectorName>
, (4,
<named-content id="E2B48484E123F878ECC3ACDF79DDD44B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="1CD9BB9B3A004B010B1FD7BD89F51302">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
; 1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUUDI" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="CB7FB1EBD75681ED676FB21B282532A2">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<collectionCode id="ED9F3ADD2714C3A46C1B42BE547BA589">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 043
<collectionCode id="E910CE52B472EAEC56F43C8B3CFBC8EC">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 047 (EGP 0160 F 03)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYUDI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9B500EEE099EEE1A78BB1111327DA877">
<heading id="E97202401336CBD131A170392E0C2B7F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="746D20DEFFA0B7CE253B9F3D932A8877">
Body length
<quantity id="23B4D1D4AF96209FBB34CCA869829B20" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.4" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.4">1.41.7 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="DC2E2578D14B020B8342903E2C632D52">
<emphasis id="D6C87C89A294596F9FEF3CF23E19EE6A" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="E10E64DFC6728E031516D0E7726992DE" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
coated in crusty dark, sandy gray, and white scales in weakly defined
<tp_taxon-name id="C8DE8B9B4561873A57FD734A103071C2">
<emphasis id="14ADADC551C6D7334AC5E753CB0C2174" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="5DC20B3A85EFE73FD28E1FBD27105F30" reg="pattern" taxon-name-part-type="species">pattern</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
. Funicle with six articles. Procoxae contiguous. Eyes not dimorphic (separated in both sexes). Only odd-numbered elytral intervals with erect scales. Erect elytral scales evenly distributed, not concentrated in bundle. Scutellum distinct. Femora each with low, obtuse tooth ventrally. Prosternal cavity very weakly defined and without steep lateral ridges. Metaventrite flattened between meta- and mesocoxae, without a distinct elevated transverse ridge. Metatibial uncus simple in both sexes. Aedeagus rounded in lateral half (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3741502AEC325D8E2551D5D4DC498949" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 I, J</figureCitation>
). Internal sac with basal protruding structure (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3019CD95C12EC21CCA3C7504C615DB0B" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 I, J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVVDI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5924A4728783FA0E5ADF0FC8379BA9F9">
<heading id="70C71D9B21E7A3F00CFBC350A060A441" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44F3323C79C4BA54AD0DFEE0ABEBB438">
This species is currently only known from
<collectingCountry id="AF88F4ADE40422A962D8770661B417ED" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
, north from
<collectingRegion id="5DB9D7033997AB2065DB0BC4F269D506" country="Japan" name="Tokushima">Tokushima Prefecture</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="B41EA7D135522D4C8F68E40803A2B492" country="Japan" name="Kagawa">Kagawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
, and in the Ryukyu Islands from
<collectingRegion id="8377D258CF11F8089E267FA38E8B9907" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
(Yambaru National Park).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1VDI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="ADFA6A416C2F6CB33D79AB9F1773BF55">
<heading id="49F794665FB01051F1B40D6608FC2DB6" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3939D7F6A131D335DE97B80B500B29EF">
The specific name
<emphasis id="463F79E065BA35385B13D17FB036A087" italics="true">japonicus</emphasis>
is a Latin adjective in reference to the country of collection. We also suggest the Japanese common name ニッポンダルマクチカクシゾウムシ [Nippon-daruma-kuchi-kakushi-zômushi], which translates in English to “ Japanese daruma cryptorhynchine weevil ”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKWDI" type="variation">
<paragraph id="BCF5924EEF1DC6ECCC2D88BE107E7A95">
<heading id="B0C12F9F2C66950EF9553DA82DE140BA" reason="title">Variation.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B94072E35E2E749CB170A36CFB73B1D4">
Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="AFA951E6B1975B8FC786E8FD9453207A" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="AD176662EBB684879EABE33D78605DE9" italics="true">A. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="189DC5B5FA36258CC78F748DF9121412" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
Island are noticeably slenderer than those collected on the mainland, but are otherwise indistinguishable and do not possess any structural characters that would support treating these as different species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2WDI" type="comments">
<paragraph id="5F60698ACEAE0C62F334762B71520424">
<heading id="F45294024CE7A7E4825A522DE47C79CF" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E54EE49325FAA16F790A30DA2FA44149">
The exact phylogenetic relationship of
<taxonomicName id="4419FA3A995F3DF676C032EE430F5E27" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="D51E7F3191190AA37F487852A6DC0028" italics="true">A. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(along with
<taxonomicName id="4E58F2E2503716CF05721D9000743756" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudus">
<emphasis id="C269EC77DDF7C00E39A0F8B726150565" italics="true">A. nudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8FF06ECD6AC8DD2D068E98AB18ED13B3" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="0C101225CEBDCEAE79D76AAE5D52E65E" italics="true">A. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) to typical
<taxonomicName id="5C5697D02DF7265A972A1F53287D0437" authorityName="Voss" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="932829B46A548F5B63B3A792BA531633" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(i. e., those possessing a prominent prosternal canal and ridge between the meso- and metacoxae) remains uncertain given that the molecular data presented here does not clearly suggest whether they represent a lineage nested within or sister to typical
<taxonomicName id="8368D724F3EC55A9D82C9146848F5503" authorityName="Voss" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AA1AC06A1E263BCABFC768DCD33D1A48" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see Fig.
<figureCitation id="3555B18D98CAC363703CAA02DF1CF4E9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood tree of Aphanerostethus species based on an 872 base-pair long concatenated DNA matrix (CO 1, Cytb, 16 S) with gene-wise partition modelling (CO 1 / Cytb: GTR + F + I + G 4; 16 S: GTR + F + G 4) constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates) and posterior probabilities. The symbol “ ” indicates a posterior probability less than 50 (i. e., collapsed nodes in the Bayesian Inference tree). EGP codes represent DNA extraction codes and serve also as unique specimen identifiers. Associated Aphanerostethus weevil figures on the right of the tree are not to scale. Note that, except for A. distinctus and A. taiwanus (see Comments under the A. taiwanus species profile), the monophyly of all Aphanerostethus species is strongly supported (BS: 100, PP: 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163067">3</figureCitation>
). However, the fact that
<taxonomicName id="EB99103B33483674371D18833F4BE2E3" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudus">
<emphasis id="5BD50FE90FCCE7E6019DBA551814E0A0" italics="true">A. nudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses dimorphic metatibial uncus, a character which occurs sparsely in weevils, is significant and further supports the association of typical
<taxonomicName id="63AE152A7C54542EDCF0157AE2A74CC1" authorityName="Voss" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7A5565BB46FC23CAA935D97E796FE560" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the
<taxonomicName id="D708778AD51E7DC0149F1443722FD4DB" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudus">
<emphasis id="284A7875A87081BB75E3690B8F62DDA6" italics="true">A. nudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9DC3E71C9666FA73B7F9E72567DEC748">
Like
<taxonomicName id="326FF21C59FBAFAED99F623444EF28AD" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="F119FAEC811E0BAD0BA1A6F8C7F96041" italics="true">A. distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see Comments under
<taxonomicName id="83AF6C7EF7478599E9822FC17CB09CD3" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="EC9ECF3EB5AF3949DFF540636C300490" italics="true">A. distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), this species was only collected from one site (Yona, Yambaru National Park) on
<collectingRegion id="C0246270E1121902D36DF1B14E81D6A1" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
Island despite several years of malaise trapping at twenty-four sites across the island suggesting that it is also sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
<document id="12F49C8404057CD4C48DD20D9BD036D9" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626" ID-ZooBank="2B699BE7-7D73-4E62-BB4C-7B6090DC7568" ID-publisher-id="126626" URI-arpha="D48863C7-B225-52AD-B7C2-5F39D3082FBF" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/2B699BE7-7D73-4E62-BB4C-7B6090DC7568" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1730235873154" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lewis, Jake H., Kojima, Hiroaki, Suenaga, Miyuki, Petsopoulos, Dimitrios, Fujisawa, Yusuke, Truong, Xuan Lam &amp; Warren, Dan L." docDate="2024" docId="9DF2B2A705A9520FBC44C37C9860031F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1217: 1-45" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1217" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/126626/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Aphanerostethus nudus Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="009FEE4B-6E20-47AD-AA5E-F8FDC817F490" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="D48863C7B22552ADB7C25F39D3082FBF" masterDocTitle="The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1730235953238" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="45F963F321A287D70644BFF215B17B95">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1FE642F8235FF737F487E09C4F7560DD">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="64FF347BBB272816F355D3F098007F99">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="99569E0E1EAEC1B077FD4D2A7DE23BBB">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4D8E9F8EE4702F08F9D1842174214AAC">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="000FEEAF39025F5B4282F10FDB3E9809">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="65DF4F16FDD967A95914551CCE15B95F">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2F156E87A2F4D837ACA65D543462C742">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BD59E037ECBC5FE79AC93998D9DDB9D3">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0A351557AB6A4D35C80EE979AB5C21EB">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F94EBFE30C8D89116AE934ACA8D3950B">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="94494E876623F9FCE44789B31F1A848E">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B1B8302FBDF6D12284E0B7094C97C6FB">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1A05B74F63D516BE264A4C0C2F17FFAA">Warren, Dan L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F65559346BE7618366607503D50C4687">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="FD15D7B22B354ABB69C72804FD00E380">
<taxonomicName id="3010034211A4153E4B55751BB04C830A" authority="Lewis &amp; Kojima" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="06453FDAD738C647ED386CE0BE2E667E" italics="true">Aphanerostethus nudus</emphasis>
Lewis &amp; Kojima
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7DDAED28D1FBB3FDA3B086B7E73E4BC7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A1ADE106CB8F407950D73B1BE45BFCF1" type="description">
<paragraph id="5FFA0DED9C3452FE7CCFD902A4337871">
<figureCitation id="15C65EE68669890FD7C63B43B1512B51" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 075) E H A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) I L A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) M P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163066">Figs 2 M P</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0E2FFBAA41FDB81CCC9E5B08F4449008" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A C Aphanerostethus nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012, 013, and 014, respectively) D F Aphanerostethus taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 070, 021, and 086, respectively)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163072">8 A C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B170A8DD0EC0FF26CEA21A262C7963F4" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) C, D Aphanerostethus nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 014). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163076">12 C, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CBD93673F75128DF57F0D558EFC9591C" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 O, P</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EHNAK" type="material">
<paragraph id="8A0EE0742745D3656C7CA12135D48350">
<heading id="A40C23F8381DA80C8CC5DEDF37FB7CB0" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F602D42B103152DB8427DDD12EA1CB59">
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<emphasis id="65972454A4C9BA1A7F5B1F5A20C8AF96" bold="true">
<emphasis id="4410CC9357E77F61A45FC15985F22C1E" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="C3D22F12FF4D0C09C4F1A40AC9EE65F8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="B4B3FA4ADB99DC12CAF4ED5654939760" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="E2427B295C61C15C84DD1A002D21F546" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9DF2B2A705A9520FBC44C37C9860031F:E2427B295C61C15C84DD1A002D21F546" country="Malaysia" name="Brinchang">Brinchang</location>
</emphasis>
: •
<date id="24CF06F96783F551083EB28002A58F03" value="1973-05-17">
<collectingDate id="23270D56FDA90829258AFE4029003422" value="1973-05-17">17. V. 1973</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="8F138945EADA00B385E78BFDB92C39A8">S. Miyakawa</collectorName>
, male deposited in
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,
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_ DAR _ 014
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.
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<emphasis id="06E08192E310692C03EAD8D9FFC2B35E" bold="true">
<emphasis id="DD4530BC4F846570B3C6E1A0E6568BC9" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="818A5DEEA027D6058E744A2E9DC2EB40" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="5F6151BEFB16BCD2D2843D9EC378C92F" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="ADA600441B735E6CDCAB2ADC73A47711">Brinchang</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<date id="373EA8894A58E8184AC8FFC5A219ADF2" value="1973-05-17">
<collectingDate id="3D5EC3C22BBEC2BC8E8863F2AAE2CD4E" value="1973-05-17">17. V. 1973</collectingDate>
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,
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, (3,
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; 1,
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),
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_ DAR _ 012,
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_ DAR _ 013,
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_ DAR _ 015,
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_ DAR _ 074
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; •
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<collectingRegion id="8988AB965321387D3BE7AE705E16839A" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang">Pahang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6358A99E693B0C4D8EABE57C4CFC1FE7">Cameron Highlands</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D3BA914BEDFFB8C5A7CB7C79C256D160" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9DF2B2A705A9520FBC44C37C9860031F:D3BA914BEDFFB8C5A7CB7C79C256D160" country="Malaysia" municipality="Cameron Highlands" name="Brinchang" stateProvince="Pahang">Brinchang</location>
,
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<collectingDate id="6A6EECADDF1A7F3909AFD0C5737BB666" value="1992-07-18" valueMax="1992-07-31" valueMin="1992-07-18">1831. VII. 1992</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="0E56C26D0B110D208B07EE8AE595E128">C. W. &amp; L. B. OBrien</collectorName>
, (2,
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; 8,
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),
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_ DAR _ 127,
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_ DAR _ 130
<collectionCode id="EEEFCF8CC37E3FE1BE8D7808B56EF7DC">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 138
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKOAK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5F215EAA1AA00420CE48D9E8105AEE6E">
<heading id="6EF994F6CEDFAB777042EC909FB979F6" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1BC5577FCAA01C7969CE92301D3BF195">
Body length
<quantity id="F205459D1AD2942C86BEF7C7A2091C24" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="mm" value="1.7999999999999998" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.7">1.71.9 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="3FB2AC04E00A61EF34776590B24CA81F">
<emphasis id="9AC55DD68D88BD851714DEAE266C514B" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="B564BD1FF691A3F414E2F9C4982BD660" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
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dark red and largely bare; covered unevenly with yellow scales. Funicle with six articles. Procoxae contiguous. Eyes dimorphic (connected at base of rostrum in male; separated in female). All elytral intervals with erect scales. Erect elytral scales evenly distributed, not concentrated in bundle. Scutellum reduced. Femora without ventral tubercle or tooth. Prosternal cavity very weakly defined and without steep lateral ridges. Metaventrite flattened between meta- and mesocoxae, without a distinct elevated transverse ridge. Metatibial uncus weakly spiral-shaped in male (Fig.
<figureCitation id="361851F3A7800E071A42200189894C9E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 075) E H A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) I L A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) M P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163066">2 M P</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus wide at midpoint, and tapering near apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="22E635663759DD64F23915B99277C325" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 O, P</figureCitation>
). Internal sac with basal protruding structure (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1197483C05778E0D53BE7DD713F59F1C" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 O, P</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECPAK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A0A81C1E72E2F10A9F215D456E780D10">
<heading id="B862850D3D437F684919AFD91141A0E9" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="54A3C761BCB7EBF9D523F103A7CA8E28">
This species is currently only known from
<collectingCountry id="EE4EA6D566A87B1F0FBA3BCEF40E6E9F" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(Brinchang).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHPAK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="84E09B53CFF9913B3584769C2A64AE59">
<heading id="5A74FA6CAF66B6FF88601BACFD577FD3" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="43AD342AB217645111A94821D50443D2">
The specific name
<taxonomicName id="7BD1B462961580A2932B56F33B10E457" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudus">
<emphasis id="163147EE013F769551046774B70A413F" italics="true">nudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latin adjective that refers to the distinctly naked (unscaled) cuticle of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
<document id="F8FE030B8861397F7AC058BEE1F72FB4" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626" ID-ZooBank="2B699BE7-7D73-4E62-BB4C-7B6090DC7568" ID-publisher-id="126626" URI-arpha="D48863C7-B225-52AD-B7C2-5F39D3082FBF" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/2B699BE7-7D73-4E62-BB4C-7B6090DC7568" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1730235873154" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lewis, Jake H., Kojima, Hiroaki, Suenaga, Miyuki, Petsopoulos, Dimitrios, Fujisawa, Yusuke, Truong, Xuan Lam &amp; Warren, Dan L." docDate="2024" docId="B0E2D3FFD5F15A3081A443107F1CB7DE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1217: 1-45" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1217" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/126626/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Aphanerostethus darlingi Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="AF2C84EB-9B60-451A-8327-F6A76FE4DD8B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="D48863C7B22552ADB7C25F39D3082FBF" masterDocTitle="The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1730236361227" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CA6D693A245C2CADE4DAF8A31402AE7F">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="79EBB92D39C3DD14B71C0FB8AA8526E0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="969AA1D8DB119883C2B41F9C680F9123">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C3929067F489875C781495C4E2878B88" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5147-7237</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B4D72ACF042E0ADADEAEB211653B14AF">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5E3EE0EBCDCF70C1C04CC292A758C205" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E1645B579436FFE07E9C41F6C00DC1F5">
<mods:roleTerm id="3FD40DE9B2843A5DCD2BA19B15CC9300">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B8AEE4625706851921B45BE185BB0229">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="98508E0232213BAF3FF21DA5E5781F6B">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="992A7D75DE9F441E5C8B8DBC59ABABBB">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0C6057F4E54E06C5DF4FC01EA47BF5AA">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9A9D419581D1971FFA8F5F0AD8407152">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="103F0B16BD7449800EBDC3F768E8BD7D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="58F8A4EC55AF69876D2963B6FD8E5FDC">
<mods:roleTerm id="8CD5D27309CD3037EE2BF31849106BD0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="649509339A1617C27D2399B897943FB3">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="38258E6109D13D7AB666FC7AAD7BFCDD" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4408-0458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="35968422847BB4249FF82765C3AE2FD1">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3E03865837D7E153F944F0BC32799A54" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3D50ECEF4DA20092392B09748986D54E">
<mods:roleTerm id="E0A7C7F8F10DAF691532917168918CB0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="471E3009F55CF5A5579EB02369EF6BD6">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A6F993AF443B955ADDB06463D5086D0B" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1758-7599</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E96040EFB3A08E88D27578C79C542328">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="7BB27B3713E792A08A58E4BDC7BE1293">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="475583ADF7F055FAD439AEBD446A4B7A">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9AE03DE45F58A586728E283C8DBD8006" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1758-903X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E6D3FA9FFECBA97352821F9632F5D3DC">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C9D299CDD665ECB6183520E401FCC1D0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="09C990430D3C73AFC1C24348F61C91DF">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="11F24C4FF472ABD07DC1DF88DC117160">Warren, Dan L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8C8BB6A298704B963F08959592927BCE" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8747-2451</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3E6419A57413AEEFC4174CA104614C88">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="15419F48665DADE49E8DB2C7DBAD6155">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="D9C8F3D4F6E54B299A71F4B11B872C57">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="61D9AE249685806AC60D93DB9C221ABB">1217</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FCB2D03112C7DBE87269DCC6EA968FA2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="B0E2D3FFD5F15A3081A443107F1CB7DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14010183" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14010183" ID-arpha="B0E2D3FF-D5F1-5A30-81A4-43107F1CB7DE" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/AF2C84EB-9B60-451A-8327-F6A76FE4DD8B" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AF2C84EB-9B60-451A-8327-F6A76FE4DD8B" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AF2C84EB-9B60-451A-8327-F6A76FE4DD8B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0E2D3FFD5F15A3081A443107F1CB7DE">
<subSubSection id="44C7C39C08031C072F5ABEFAF14D32D7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F700500DB65747016A1941AAA937C531">
<taxonomicName id="21882A77472D9AB06E9EF6431B28D8EF" authority="Lewis" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darlingi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B5CA5FF1042E79206308B47A801C2D31" italics="true">Aphanerostethus darlingi</emphasis>
Lewis
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B547D3046C70622197312CEA3AAC56F8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="63DFF9033E113A11AC2EC78535020D9D" type="description">
<paragraph id="59303040D5CA25C255E1DC4DB04EEAF4">
<figureCitation id="5C70B34522AF7CC95ACAB1BF7DEF1229" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A D Aphanerostethus vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082 (A), ZMA _ 5517696 (B), ZMH _ 841853 (C), and ZMA _ 5517698 (D), respectively) E, F Aphanerostethus darlingi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 125, JHLHY _ DAR _ 126)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163073">Figs 9 E, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7E1D7089A273487D1AB882E5B86B4C4F" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. darlingi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 126) C, D A. japonicus sp. nov. (OKENT 0055168). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163080">16 A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERHCI" type="material">
<paragraph id="961EAF919F8062A9086B61C65170F6EA">
<heading id="19B12C762CD6859FD42FA363E852D1D8" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AEE75A913965554F465AF0A67ABBBE21">
<materialsCitation id="80C0DB6E90FFB9AB014BBD1CDB1F87DB" collectingDate="2009-11-27" collectingDateMax="2010-01-12" collectingDateMin="2009-11-27" collectionCode="SFDK, ROM, JHLHY" collectorName="D. C. Darling &amp; B. Hubley" country="Malaysia" county="Camp" elevation="1387" latitude="4.038067" location="Borneo" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="114.889336" municipality="Gunung Mulu National Park" specimenCode="OSU 308049" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="BD98130C93D77C38EA2B603A2D813686" bold="true">
<emphasis id="6839B3B18C22EBEFB255996081B3F7CB" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="18D3916F007CFB4B8704A839418B10BD" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="2014BBA0C29D48262A6B386477FABB47" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="9FFFCF268A45923988240614E075F3A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0E2D3FFD5F15A3081A443107F1CB7DE:9FFFCF268A45923988240614E075F3A8" country="Malaysia" county="Camp" latitude="4.038067" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="114.889336" municipality="Gunung Mulu National Park" name="Borneo">Borneo</location>
: Sarawak
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingMunicipality id="0E0C1B1D6044C2E02BCFF8C235501521">Gunung Mulu National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="EB08E58B10BB135BBEF95F9B5C8ECAF8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.387" unit="m" value="1387.0">
<elevation id="4B02681F5F187403AA16AD474A45C8B1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.387" unit="m" value="1387.0">1387 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
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3,
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<geoCoordinate id="80B2C1783DE4023AB1E75ABA7B329117" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="2.284" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.038067">4 ° 2.284 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F5B093A028FF4621BBC76F07807CBFA3" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="53.36" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="114.889336">114 ° 53.36 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<date id="29209AE82E286746AF88DB3D9BD4F83F" value="2009-11-27">
<collectingDate id="CE6B24110E89F78DF2B5DDE0F87A877D" value="2009-11-27">27. XI. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
<date id="61A9B555E3E47AACFBC9E5B08D1580EC" value="2010-01-12">
<collectingDate id="A0594BCBD63894F72C47E0A734ED3153" value="2010-01-12">12. I. 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="9657D8FEBEE6A0A1D1B6B268C8E4DF0E">malaise trap</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="DCDBCD219658DBB62783908F22164AC1">D. C. Darling</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="BEC186B90D40D838C3703110596EA22F">B. Hubley</collectorName>
, deposited in
<named-content id="616F81503F8E2EF0779C3B26C67B7F75" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/sarawak-forestry-department" xlink_title="Sarawak Forestry Department">
<collectionCode id="4ACA4B9767D3EA93B9C4DD2CDB8FE947" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3b3d-ra3i" name="Sarawak Forestry Department" type="">SFDK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
,
<collectionCode id="C30C165E1458BEEDF407AE125B0B811E" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
_
<specimenCode id="A14F95F70E5D687C16A56969E9D1B8AF" collectionCode="ROM" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" type="Museum">OSU 308049</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="669EBAE1BBC536FA6ABC1F9F17D13B91">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 126
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3612D83A946E6D16A16359933159FE33" collectingDate="2011-07-24" collectingDateMax="2011-09-21" collectingDateMin="2011-07-24" collectionCode="CMNC, ROM, JHLHY" collectorName="D. C. Darling" country="Malaysia" elevation="1387" latitude="4.038067" location="Camp" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="114.889336" municipality="Gunung Mulu National Park" specimenCode="OSU 308460" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Borneo" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="CFA165D391FAEA27EE3738FC923C6778" bold="true">
<emphasis id="54B0246E2B5D98182400EB7B7696E9BB" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="67A9A8BBC205220634C98BD627A959C9" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="9A633F307FC95405368A5CBE713EF903" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="D7F711CA35EAC9F7F5F42B45E5368ECD">Borneo</collectingRegion>
: Sarawak
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingMunicipality id="7B5DF1F216202502A0C3C522DB289472">Gunung Mulu National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="1AC7989CD8235328C036917849F8D06B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.387" unit="m" value="1387.0">
<elevation id="F78AEF7EAE757D85321B8697CC38FFF0" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.387" unit="m" value="1387.0">1387 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<location id="7BFBB105C3E68EF96D62731A950B6F0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0E2D3FFD5F15A3081A443107F1CB7DE:7BFBB105C3E68EF96D62731A950B6F0A" country="Malaysia" latitude="4.038067" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="114.889336" municipality="Gunung Mulu National Park" name="Camp" stateProvince="Borneo">Camp</location>
3,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPICI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[114.889333,4.038067]}">
<geoCoordinate id="BD4701629D7E267E5027C825FE30792B" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="2.284" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.038067">4 ° 2.284 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="202E3DEE83059D8D0A277FA973843899" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="53.36" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="114.889336">114 ° 53.36 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<date id="21459D8B68EC70302601CE9622D24B78" value="2011-07-24" valueMax="2011-09-21" valueMin="2011-07-24">
<collectingDate id="DEB1F7F94EAEC9B53215A6D71F0BE29F" value="2011-07-24" valueMax="2011-09-21" valueMin="2011-07-24">24. VII 21. IX. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="6ABAE84E1BFB2CA7CE7393DB793768FA">malaise trap</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="1089FED5E1009DB03CB801000252D8B2">D. C. Darling</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="7F8DE0054A8B308595833DE80ADFACE1" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/canadian-museum-nature-3" xlink_title="Canadian Museum of Nature">
<collectionCode id="CE09E52F8377637271CB6BD61354DB97">CMNC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="41CBF2433DD424F75FC7056C181B056D" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
_
<specimenCode id="43AB8954D427A923A24AB134F0465C7F" collectionCode="ROM" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" type="Museum">OSU 308460</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="3D0583C0D7B5FC996137E93915009F9C">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 125
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8F46D392BCE2374A7672A272C1093EE9" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure16" ID-arpha="0056F749-D520-5F1E-8B94-75A0BFE78EB4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163080" startId="F16">
<paragraph id="3E9A1EEA2B792F6D7810D96D84A41748">
<label id="ADA2E5FCADB892FF58EC6AA439B45346">Figure 16.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50EAFAE4442B522E30471977736A6F4">
Lateral and dorsal photographs of
<taxonomicName id="797729722983C3BF8397CB0FEF682010" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="478022CBF816D5123CFB87C52636008B" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
species
<emphasis id="E02E4780DF039AFCCBFF5BBCC8C7841A" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="5E4EB3CE81D51E32104D114F11106C8C" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darlingi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1D12AA6FAFB655050C6FD163F84CCCD7" italics="true">A. darlingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D6B770EEA0FA42A4BCCD427589C15A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 126)
<emphasis id="8925B070C008FB9706C0CA76ACBB6037" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2C7748CC0EA5ED045B093066168E61C4" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBB35E14384C8D293187058E0ED96D52" italics="true">A. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="760B655A878DD83F2D38CACE2A50D9CB" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(OKENT 0055168).
<emphasis id="BE480F31362CCBE6CD08FE19AF927F6F" italics="true">Scale</emphasis>
bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMKCI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2C6E28E8E38EC6EABEC84FD1C3C206A3">
<heading id="F86C65E63F3E865859F322421538F2A9" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB84FCBF0078DACC68CA4FC2568E18D7">
Body length 2.0 mm.
<tp_taxon-name id="D0718DC8B6F59573427D3975DEC7E5A0">
<emphasis id="04BE37D9ED03BD9206FC51BC2CCF1818" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="82320F2B6E40F68E066C8A2391010BF3" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
coated in crusty dark, sandy gray, and white scales in weakly defined
<tp_taxon-name id="88B23F27562AB8768B2166474EA09DAB">
<emphasis id="10AB931FA3573E36CFDB1800AF4932ED" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="46FE2337BDD0B45C32338B33DE019E27" reg="pattern" taxon-name-part-type="species">pattern</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
. Funicle with six articles. Procoxae contiguous. Only odd-numbered elytral intervals with erect scales. Erect elytral scales evenly distributed, not concentrated in bundle. Scutellum not distinct. Femora each with prominent tooth. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Metaventrite with small tubercle between meta- and mesocoxae, not a distinct transverse ridge.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBLCI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="62E1FB0FB004DCBDE2688C56D92907FA">
<heading id="3CEF226B345D7595567EAFA06DB6E986" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F1B8A780BB24DD167287FE732EEA952A">
This species is currently only known from Gunung Mulu National Park, Borneo,
<collectingCountry id="C705189110601DA0A182F48A6E60DCF6" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGLCI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="A7DD1385463EC40CD873D4294DC98D2F">
<heading id="47A1C511EB8BBF4872E94AB4843E4115" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5404322DB9B5B569316CE2934887FFE9">
The specific name
<taxonomicName id="9D2E236538595FD2EDD0BB96F9B84693" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darlingi">
<emphasis id="C8E58D8BF69E38173736E602FBE4D84D" italics="true">darlingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
honors the collector of the
<typeStatus id="5CCFC2890FBEF912EE58CE1EC45D24E5">type</typeStatus>
series, Christopher Darling (Royal
<collectingRegion id="2EAB7D20FCD896A324F51523F11D774C" country="Canada" name="Ontario">Ontario</collectingRegion>
Museum), for his contributions to entomology in southeast Asia. It is a genitive, invariable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="08A8698543251D6AD2ADB1D78B84D437" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626" ID-ZooBank="2B699BE7-7D73-4E62-BB4C-7B6090DC7568" ID-publisher-id="126626" URI-arpha="D48863C7-B225-52AD-B7C2-5F39D3082FBF" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/2B699BE7-7D73-4E62-BB4C-7B6090DC7568" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1730235873154" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lewis, Jake H., Kojima, Hiroaki, Suenaga, Miyuki, Petsopoulos, Dimitrios, Fujisawa, Yusuke, Truong, Xuan Lam &amp; Warren, Dan L." docDate="2024" docId="BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1217: 1-45" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1217" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/126626/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Aphanerostethus taiwanus Lewis, Fujisawa &amp; Kojima 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="61696EC1-39CD-4745-B798-04456E89B9A6" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="D48863C7B22552ADB7C25F39D3082FBF" masterDocTitle="The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1730235953238" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="16C1CCA8ADC7A52E0897DB88A55A0EBC">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BF0474DDA2F39C99D2852DE7A68481C9">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6153292C94632865816BFFC5B984E099">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DAD43FAD88466620FFD5F7E1C072C93A">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AA8FB3035B8757130C6E9BD69C9E787F">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="347DE5650A93B8C7CB42CDEF992AEC8F">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2FAC655538DBEFCC5F1B1F73B953B98F">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0849BEE4EE1221547E131A72DDC31F84">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="776AEC498A9E08090E906C4ED8FE9846" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4408-0458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A980DBE21CBCA1F068259E7A2CAD7F92">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="6C9EE8D800183A34D539BB737C1588B1">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FFB1469C5EBD2E4873B3429327872E20">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="64D655666F46A466268777472FC717BD">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="58EAFADEF78BCA79B5899DFB62BEE3DA">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:affiliation id="9117FF68FAEB52B365D197222EC7B747">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="E1E57D97B951969272367F5022668DC4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="90154ECBEB9B9D4F01C2FDF8A05F4997">
<taxonomicName id="2F6CAAC0274A0DF3810A42F486AB1182" authority="Lewis, Fujisawa &amp; Kojima" authorityName="Lewis, Fujisawa &amp; Kojima" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="80469808CB8B3215C76DFCEA455AF5F5" italics="true">Aphanerostethus taiwanus</emphasis>
Lewis, Fujisawa &amp; Kojima
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="21AC3F07D9035A1BE08E68B042200C64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7D02BC5EA645D0A0EC13AEA678D5265D" type="description">
<paragraph id="14DA425781D6747FB7B9C4114AA5507B">
<figureCitation id="AF6E9F0DC52594532352D77D33D10501" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood tree of Aphanerostethus species based on an 872 base-pair long concatenated DNA matrix (CO 1, Cytb, 16 S) with gene-wise partition modelling (CO 1 / Cytb: GTR + F + I + G 4; 16 S: GTR + F + G 4) constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates) and posterior probabilities. The symbol “ ” indicates a posterior probability less than 50 (i. e., collapsed nodes in the Bayesian Inference tree). EGP codes represent DNA extraction codes and serve also as unique specimen identifiers. Associated Aphanerostethus weevil figures on the right of the tree are not to scale. Note that, except for A. distinctus and A. taiwanus (see Comments under the A. taiwanus species profile), the monophyly of all Aphanerostethus species is strongly supported (BS: 100, PP: 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163067">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4CAC83D62A90EEBAEE0EC9C1F03956AB" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A C Aphanerostethus nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012, 013, and 014, respectively) D F Aphanerostethus taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 070, 021, and 086, respectively)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163072">8 D F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A17EBCB651831D63763615FBE39A7556" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus elytra with scales removed, revealing differences in the length of the 10 th elytral stria. The yellow and red arrows indicate the base and apex of the 10 th elytral stria, respectively A Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) B A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 172) C A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 115) D A. decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) E A. distinctus (Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0089414) F A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 070)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163074">10 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0169FB2BFDBDBD53DBE08C8EAE312ABE" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 S, T</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="64ED2904D798580F0AF74FA35E8A1135" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 084) C, D Aphanerostethus vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 081). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163085">21 A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBWAK" type="material">
<paragraph id="C5DD10790C92F7F1C875335B3482ADE3">
<heading id="F82576781432ABB0F867B87C7C6AEC42" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B4A21AE5410405636116D9BDF3682E2">
<materialsCitation id="76D53ADA3BE31A943B5C8D4AA2C17F86" collectingDate="1965-04-06" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="S. Ueno" country="Taiwan" location="Kuanzruling" municipality="Hsein" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tainan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="1E82758AD40ABEAB01AB581D9E393172" bold="true">
<emphasis id="90608D4AADCF7367C7109D89A304FE94" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="3C034AA2EFB3B0B268E18E686A15FBA7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="D720488890EC925FAC7AF5BA4D03F05A" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="91F930160973F8496CE4AC1874E3977C" country="Taiwan" name="Tainan">Tainan</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="3ACD3621E52735239720F1375FF46276">Hsein</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8C649D00BA00D7B8654EFF3860E57764" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:8C649D00BA00D7B8654EFF3860E57764" country="Taiwan" municipality="Hsein" name="Kuanzruling" stateProvince="Tainan">Kuanzruling</location>
,
<date id="BF6D8F8E0D2F7DC3617E9B6C04882D27" value="1965-04-06">
<collectingDate id="7950B308882E23E48B0015C7FC845B72" value="1965-04-06">6. IV. 1965</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="36294AF907283C28B822E4655FD84BAF">S. Ueno</collectorName>
, male deposited in
<named-content id="E5C9A37EF11D5AB14FC093A91EFA3B62" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="939350AE830C2C99E653CE87AD0419C1">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
,
<collectionCode id="EFA5ED042D26BA6C8AD48DA9627A0551">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 016
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="E064468EADC5CF73B9D564D2F7EF3553" collectingDate="1965-03-28" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="Y. Hirashima" country="Taiwan" county="Hsein" location="Yangmingshan" municipality="Kuanzruling" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taipei" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="DC2D1233AE20191CD278F18DDB98DD71" bold="true">
<emphasis id="2EF5C5A40748709F181A78095EB6BE6C" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="1DAAA6CF01CBD176BA7F2FBA3E4984A3" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="7E6EE093B5000959D27536A0B9B408EC" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingRegion id="96A23301CECD8639A2596F5F26944A03" country="Taiwan" name="Taipei">Taipei</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="B3A4A80CF0D5A443941BEEA7BBBF5275">Hsein</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="56BD3977FA513D3403EE4FD41A98056C">Kuanzruling</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="76296AB53E957BBAA27D588A8BEA057C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:76296AB53E957BBAA27D588A8BEA057C" country="Taiwan" county="Hsein" municipality="Kuanzruling" name="Yangmingshan" stateProvince="Taipei">Yangmingshan</location>
,
<date id="ACD3914E6341A7E4B749377140E850F5" value="1965-03-28">
<collectingDate id="4C2D595FFABB33017A7F309142EA5709" value="1965-03-28">28. III. 1965</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="6FBABD992D426C1562D4F07DF29F6429">Y. Hirashima</collectorName>
(1,
<named-content id="7A722D7EFE6D0AEF15A82AC83043B813" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="8AECF883FEB5B30BC5F6FFAEDA4F97A1">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="4282E0EF7894B3164C381FF3D68C8C28">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 017
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="5C5B5A70FB30AAEF8F48CCB284735786" collectingDate="1965-04-23" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="S. Miyamoto" country="Taiwan" location="Kenting" municipality="Hsein" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pingtung" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="F59ABDD9D130DC3A931B9B43FA1BD8A3" country="Taiwan" name="Pingtung">Ping Tung</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="07B3F72CB30A81D58A05564C40DE23F6">Hsein</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="FF3147B3B9544BB158344E9C600876E6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:FF3147B3B9544BB158344E9C600876E6" country="Taiwan" municipality="Hsein" name="Kenting" stateProvince="Pingtung">Kenting</location>
,
<date id="DF624DF0C8FF165A1730B5CC0C3A7A76" value="1965-04-23">
<collectingDate id="7748A94C63FED8C7892CE5A2B8B3E732" value="1965-04-23">23. IV. 1965</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="AD50198009578C8FC6ECCEA8AACD3709">S. Miyamoto</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="29D9E51149599B224AB1AF64A22679FE" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="B27FBEE24C26D856D29B535F3CA4B866">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="F71336C122CB7006E1D3474A353D9855">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 018
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="94FA5A842B123789E3E0EEBDCACCA577" collectingDate="2015-10-19" collectionCode="NMNST, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Yoshitake" country="Taiwan" county="Liouguei District" location="Mt. Taiyuanshan" municipality="Li" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kaohsiung" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="22F813305C76E5A01688C3ECCB668F3A" country="Taiwan" name="Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung City</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="7F02442970ED81978CCB1C415D9ED478">Liouguei District</collectingCounty>
, Zhong-Xing-Long
<collectingMunicipality id="CC57F8250CB383B2D871BE6F0E58A5A6">Li</collectingMunicipality>
(near
<location id="1EB8EE4C5E1DBAAF6D455490B1DE02CE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:1EB8EE4C5E1DBAAF6D455490B1DE02CE" country="Taiwan" county="Liouguei District" municipality="Li" name="Mt. Taiyuanshan" stateProvince="Kaohsiung">Mt. Taiyuanshan</location>
),
<date id="2B64520E18CCFBA69771586DB3D01120" value="2015-10-19">
<collectingDate id="53F353AF53488DCDE845592620E3DD1B" value="2015-10-19">19. X. 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F737252CD9CCE36396EE0D57BFF61384">H. Yoshitake</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="A910795C92CD1E76FFB84232F427E6C2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museum-natural-science" xlink_title="National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung">
<collectionCode id="34DB307FD3A399A277CC063FD30D9381">NMNST</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="E71D15D023EB85E0BA46C920D4BCCE99">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 019 (EGP 0160 E 02)
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="8EFAF2BEC387A6559D4BC4317A178CAB" collectingDate="1965-04-04" collectionCode="KUM, OIST, JHLHY" collectorName="T. Saigusa" country="Taiwan" location="Kenting" municipality="Hsein" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pingtung" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="C6DDA3B4121606C3F5076850F2D5933B" country="Taiwan" name="Pingtung">Pingtung</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="3A76896081B88B79DF26FEA9555EABB0">Hsein</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="365F7DCEAF4A036A218E74A920620D15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:365F7DCEAF4A036A218E74A920620D15" country="Taiwan" municipality="Hsein" name="Kenting" stateProvince="Pingtung">Kenting</location>
,
<date id="6F1E0EAD43670C668D0F1106387A438B" value="1965-04-04">
<collectingDate id="5ADD9E0EE81F8BAB24B6BD87B7A50107" value="1965-04-04">4. IV. 1965</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D1A4E86C13C144E0CC9C8071380A7475">T. Saigusa</collectorName>
(2,
<named-content id="289B0FB72B34F02272E5D138CED059E4" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="13AE0CE84A8B169C9034463B80461A7C">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
; 1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEXAK" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="55AE592695AAD619A01CCD396E6E1B21">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<collectionCode id="465CBB3372EB51366BEF970581C455E9">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 021,
<collectionCode id="2B3C2D6304A1FF32F2A258EF3F91AA54">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 036,
<collectionCode id="D979110B24CE3DED6BA28A2A927022BA">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 070
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="36CB16C9A294B4A9E7BCF318607302F6" collectingDate="2014-07-14" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="Y. Komeda" country="Taiwan" location="Mt." municipality="Shan Shimen village" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pingtung" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="7D2B6E410931A99FFF72FF7FAF033700" country="Taiwan" name="Pingtung">Pingtung City</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="090A99BB41134FF71DEA84E9696B05C5">Shan Shimen village</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B58631D032BB5AA6ED134E780D3FF241" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:B58631D032BB5AA6ED134E780D3FF241" country="Taiwan" municipality="Shan Shimen village" name="Mt." stateProvince="Pingtung">Mt.</location>
Kao-shih-fo,
<date id="D770B56C494DB64E4DA871370CC3C2D6" value="2014-07-14">
<collectingDate id="ABE6EE9BA1F5F1F5BBFC535234A4D584" value="2014-07-14">14. VII. 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B0E1E5E2A9CAA72BA6FDBC866FC9943E">Y. Komeda</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="CFFCADA2434AA6B0FF66F57560E813D8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="69BF2765F1A97E29DBD3E095F5AFD5C7">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="A53A15D496A245B76F2529A77B8686E4">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 129
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="FFED150F038A5A985136818309644E95" collectingDate="2016-03-05" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="Y. Fujisawa" country="Taiwan" latitude="22.103739" location="Mudan Township" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.79275" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pingtung" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="3EFE2939C89B5692F8E09E8F61330587" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:3EFE2939C89B5692F8E09E8F61330587" country="Taiwan" latitude="22.103739" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.79275" name="Mudan Township" stateProvince="Pingtung">Mudan Township</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="4E93EA2CA36DD86C146C8A2E7E64D2CC" country="Taiwan" name="Pingtung">Pingtung County</collectingRegion>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPXAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[120.792744,22.103739]}">
<geoCoordinate id="25255D758CF16C0C2FB2A7F811519B95" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="13.46" value="22.103739">22 ° 06 ' 13.46 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C2B17F065EFA9E4102DA2DBB337A2B6E" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="33.88" value="120.79275">120 ° 47 ' 33.88 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<date id="E189FCEA2F86185F933F4A9FE9C609B2" value="2016-03-05">
<collectingDate id="61DFB850339EC85B3E25AAA1BC1287B7" value="2016-03-05">5. III. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2046247EB889823CF471680EF584E579">Y. Fujisawa</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="32B51C0267EF54899D81E1B5D5629485" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="AB93D083B6D4098146F89222B1854004">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="19C12877F5BA1C447B1C7668FE9E168E">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 600
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="EF4647220EB1EDEC0C93D16CF2D580A3" collectingDate="2016-03-09" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="Y. Fujisawa" country="Taiwan" latitude="22.139364" location="Mudan Township" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.85867" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pingtung" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="CBFA6CEAE4D100E1128C48DE51C29DA0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:CBFA6CEAE4D100E1128C48DE51C29DA0" country="Taiwan" latitude="22.139364" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.85867" name="Mudan Township" stateProvince="Pingtung">Mudan Township</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="9BCA88380581C7B802BAB87678A92624" country="Taiwan" name="Pingtung">Pingtung County</collectingRegion>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2XAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[120.858675,22.139364]}">
<geoCoordinate id="26B97F2A9A4434801DDA4B64301E8D22" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="21.71" value="22.139364">22 ° 08 ' 21.71 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CC75927AB1A2E47BCB40B8DB8A790B09" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="31.23" value="120.85867">120 ° 51 ' 31.23 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<date id="B862FCB15624B26F80A95B84572CF1A6" value="2016-03-09">
<collectingDate id="59FD5863BB035F1AD39C269BF4F54B6B" value="2016-03-09">9. III. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="DE058DA5E8D46137F515080C3429E27A">Y. Fujisawa</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="A0538B31829370159E58FAF6E83A0431" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="63CF123DB88E8D93D9052A3B9958033B">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="628619C6F2760CAB3A7956A78EE779DC">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 601
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="259E284689C69F92162000BFE0ADE777" collectingDate="2016-03-06" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="Y. Fujisawa &amp; S. Shimizu" country="Taiwan" latitude="22.089724" location="Mudan Township" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.799446" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pingtung" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="EEABCCB1CF9CC3A6D7B2F99574853399" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:EEABCCB1CF9CC3A6D7B2F99574853399" country="Taiwan" latitude="22.089724" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.799446" name="Mudan Township" stateProvince="Pingtung">Mudan Township</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="FE3F6790F49829C92A52DC9F87CB3396" country="Taiwan" name="Pingtung">Pingtung County</collectingRegion>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EHYAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[120.799444,22.089722]}">
<geoCoordinate id="346FD5923CE2F81A4A818DA8ACC5BB84" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="23" value="22.089724">22 ° 05 ' 23 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="75FA3D979A184B3A98FBAF17BF7E24DE" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="120.799446">120 ° 47 ' 58 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<date id="9E2FC6547FFADA2A1254131C0F161C03" value="2016-03-06">
<collectingDate id="829CC3BF6DC566B8042EEC91FC289103" value="2016-03-06">6. III. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="442A6D78641BEC52375191F5AD8930DA">Y. Fujisawa</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="A19718CBA540A05AB27574201D761A64">S. Shimizu</collectorName>
, (2,
<named-content id="E6C61417C8798A74295492951452BF84" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="37E4FF95E45E971FA02513B89563A6BC">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="D1F2670ED21AD621B875831CB32FA9C4">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 602,
<collectionCode id="663044E62E8B1D11D8193E2EB8407B0D">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 603
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="72E61A7A233FFBAA72CF08717E62CF7D" collectingDate="1982-02-22" collectingDateMax="1982-02-26" collectingDateMin="1982-02-22" collectionCode="TARI, JHLHY" collectorName="T. Lin &amp; S. C. Lin" country="Taiwan" location="Kenting" municipality="Hsein" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pingtung" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="3E6F6BFB72CF8CBF6B4DDA1FC73C334B" country="Taiwan" name="Pingtung">Pingtung</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="61EDE08DF40BA4EB04F78A680FE8517E">Hsein</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="CEAA8D33C31728EA9C4BBC6EFBF80036" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFCC3373605C588FA77C0B367FE08D75:CEAA8D33C31728EA9C4BBC6EFBF80036" country="Taiwan" municipality="Hsein" name="Kenting" stateProvince="Pingtung">Kenting</location>
,
<date id="5C54382121F3085A86656215166DE253" value="1982-02-22" valueMax="1982-02-26" valueMin="1982-02-22">
<collectingDate id="6981A0FDEC6A3F299E6293F82F8AB8B9" value="1982-02-22" valueMax="1982-02-26" valueMin="1982-02-22">2226. II. 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="07E1D5CDBDAF1C0C087FC933218205B8">T. Lin</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="2C52C41B42CB3E11CD9505D50DF6DD01">S. C. Lin</collectorName>
, (8,
<named-content id="B1BA06AB11D9EF5F0CC3BB7D941650A8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/taiwan-agricultural-research-institute" xlink_title="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute">
<collectionCode id="8B30FA847B90ED6327B1AD17E0FA5D93" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" type="">TARI</collectionCode>
</named-content>
),
<collectionCode id="D9132AEC494CF66235ABE9B64B8AAA3C">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 083
<collectionCode id="B9044E2A93E9AB1F186CDCBC5BE4FACE">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 090
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A3BBE08D43635781FF9A987C97741794" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure21" ID-arpha="A2AA990D-B006-51B9-87B2-1CA7AA0C54E0" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163085" startId="F21">
<paragraph id="6C96427AB5B8F407EDED1B3DA454004D">
<label id="F81D60B733A38EB63AA731E24EAC5F85">Figure 21.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90235DA51865160AED35A23E5D9A0E52">
Lateral and dorsal photographs of
<taxonomicName id="5D3061C706278EDA9834B36E8AA9FB58" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="CCC961234561603CE64F7831ACF3AB76" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
species
<emphasis id="3C7BE16E8EC7D4ED1F13F23A04822E4D" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D2BACF4D8CA62E536D016025BB4CC6DE" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D9CEDD01BEFFEA44B864BB6C2BBE66AF" italics="true">Aphanerostethus taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C54E241C1AE55E7ECEC00F057921C69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 084)
<emphasis id="E816693655119598440ECB557C94B104" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6F3B404010B6C443F68C67779861754E" authority="Voss, 1957" authorityName="Voss" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vannideki">
<emphasis id="934F16B03BA4EA3F01C5FF154AC8B430" italics="true">Aphanerostethus vannideki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FCAA8FFB5BD216B76553BD52CA161087" author="Voss E" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pagination="7-63" refId="B63" refString="Voss E (1957) Neue und bekannte, vorwiegend indonesische Curculioniden (Coleoptera). Treubia 24 (1): 7 - 63." title="Neue und bekannte, vorwiegend indonesische Curculioniden (Coleoptera)." volume="24" year="1957">Voss, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(JHLHY _ DAR _ 081).
<emphasis id="13DCE8EA446D4F778DDBA3D2818E97BC" italics="true">Scale</emphasis>
bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EI1AK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="71169150998772AD29F7084E57A7AB9F">
<heading id="D5E88D083733D6E468965DF18FA96E9A" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="410776BE859B58CAB232A33880300F98">
Body length
<quantity id="770FC5E497B3202473153D0719B70061" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="mm" value="1.7999999999999998" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.7">1.71.9 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="772E0E49A413CE2D714A6A1F0C8EFFD1">
<emphasis id="BF3FF6AA85C7DA9C9BA9502069A10069" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="EF5BA9BD20FB2372E09900C72CAB3595" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
coated in dark, sandy gray, and white scales in contrasty
<tp_taxon-name id="D6BACBB10520468652F4B788218E3B5A">
<emphasis id="5789EAFB59AE7E11B9601D955505C7EE" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="4CA747D757B072E6336EAED0684C6E71" reg="pattern" taxon-name-part-type="species">pattern</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
. Funicle with six articles. Procoxae contiguous. Second and odd-numbered elytral intervals with sub-erect scales. Erect elytral scales evenly distributed, not concentrated in bundle. Femora without ventral teeth. Scutellum reduced. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Metaventrite with a distinct elevated transverse ridge separating the meta- and mesocoxae. Metatibial uncus simple in both sexes. Aedeagus evenly curved at apex, and in lateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F6BB9A75883FD53C38EA4A8A85E1471D" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 S, T</figureCitation>
). Internal sac without prominent basal protruding structure (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E2C130D0438A3D12B8769CF2D9E4E6C5" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 S, T</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EF2AK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FFFED9E76FB840583A2B0353F1E947AC">
<heading id="843C27C01C87F67FF0B9ABA3815939EF" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="210C8C7DF05EA2D8FE9356CF5585DD8E">
This species is known from a few sites in
<collectingCountry id="3F4971D9D1A62721C29672D2C435E6AA" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(Kuanzruling, Kenting, Zhong-Xing-Long Li).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EK2AK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="934E5B675685916E65588DAD13DA2B78">
<heading id="6C27FF9E2B6318475C2E0E642ED7C343" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A858E40E0EDA2504507BDCA7D9C92A23">The specific name is an adjective in reference to the collection locality of the species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EP2AK" type="comments">
<paragraph id="A5EFDD638DEACDF7F46419E4FA217DBF">
<heading id="67C0C80C3AC0A626675FCCABAF8A679A" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="49F55179150092FF0BAB29A2C415EF5C">
Our
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EV2AK" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">ML</abbrev>
analysis (Fig.
<figureCitation id="77C4A0EE022BEFA22005A1227A13F8AE" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood tree of Aphanerostethus species based on an 872 base-pair long concatenated DNA matrix (CO 1, Cytb, 16 S) with gene-wise partition modelling (CO 1 / Cytb: GTR + F + I + G 4; 16 S: GTR + F + G 4) constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates) and posterior probabilities. The symbol “ ” indicates a posterior probability less than 50 (i. e., collapsed nodes in the Bayesian Inference tree). EGP codes represent DNA extraction codes and serve also as unique specimen identifiers. Associated Aphanerostethus weevil figures on the right of the tree are not to scale. Note that, except for A. distinctus and A. taiwanus (see Comments under the A. taiwanus species profile), the monophyly of all Aphanerostethus species is strongly supported (BS: 100, PP: 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163067">3</figureCitation>
) consistently clustered
<taxonomicName id="250CDA2C8B7D9E00384A0062031F540E" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="EB13E6BE052BFF935D39410343C4A320" italics="true">A. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="06AD8BF62E2A5E9671A9FE7190E66CBA" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="63B293338DA0919E62E5B4F32E8872F6" italics="true">A. distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BS: 100); however, the presumed basal position of
<taxonomicName id="6395B536B84144B18FDA3382C05BD862" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="2AD4A576C15E24775B5BFA9559ED9C8E" italics="true">A. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(i. e., sister to
<taxonomicName id="44544F7BD6072319989174E7523D476E" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="E30CED97A27E4FE0DA2D604DA6AC0004" italics="true">A. distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) was only weakly supported (BS: 55,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJ4AK" xlink_title="posterior probability">PP</abbrev>
: 0.84). Here, we separate
<taxonomicName id="FEDB25DD954463CE22E8E7B3FCFE3407" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="512A7CC7C6892DFB3D5C455400F367FA" italics="true">A. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="92D8A7184D499725F773CC90C372FA5D" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="A35B7B38FAB3CE6777EB459B726415B8" italics="true">A. distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based not on this weak molecular evidence, but primarily on consistent differences in morphology and biogeography. In particular,
<taxonomicName id="84580A39842AAB98B4CD1E64FF6A99D2" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="1AA13DC598A98F28BF610BC385345DD1" italics="true">A. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses an oblique row of erect scales on the pronotum (
<taxonomicName id="3738E18605EFC8EA1F3F7FF55F2FC32C" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="8395A128854232B2D632554325390856" italics="true">A. distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with at most 4 or 5 recumbent scales), sub-erect scales on the odd and second elytral intervals (
<taxonomicName id="241874433E2D842BDF5FC2564A1230A3" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="6D577C23AC86F1437491945A015158B1" italics="true">A. distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with recumbent scales only on odd elytral intervals), differences in male genitalia, and apparently non-overlapping geographic range (
<taxonomicName id="027DCB6EC48E0AA9A5966BFE543BDC20" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="3D3F103BAA8A761A94BC92558CAA092D" italics="true">A. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only known from
<collectingCountry id="181845A11E471D6DEC1B57AFEA9CF2C7" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
;
<taxonomicName id="ED30FCE4FEFB18459574843CBD1D1DF0" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="E09752F6136AEADC3FAA28EFC6A1ED17" italics="true">A. distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only known from
<collectingCountry id="C35A904BC44D78651E32FE55300FE281" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
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<mods:title id="588C6B694ED925224FBC1BA3011AF58E">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9011488DDD051C34A0CFA61CB33BF977">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C0BC074909BF492DF8DE964292E7FFED" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5147-7237</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4D0B4E9CEA75E5ED146275637B9AE684">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="9DBD68317A0A4FB991792F03F57B5CDD">
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<mods:namePart id="132FC820D188117B98678591D4D2102B">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D9ADC31ABCF6313048B84874F96E6288">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E625928EFF3F721BFD761FAC0540026D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F861920A168D46E82CB630E33F21C362">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F4F968AA7D57B9D97D16529DD60D2773">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D320FE2B818FF4378373ED1ED743425D">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7FD38C1D4595506EA7B2967BF3499497">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="911B188DA1B153D283F81EB9EFB26A07" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4408-0458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="07CC3B6C5DB5E7F30168F29DA1BCEA01">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="63F9BCC552BE3F722B51B105B091730D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="31B64D4AC8B446B693B6FC60B4DE3BF0">
<mods:roleTerm id="488463706F459D699FF04CA7CF66347F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AF7C39C5DA2D7A99C9F171A326887C53">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C6DB4545BD6CA50FB561866E76F66016" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1758-7599</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1EA4D0AC5F3389ABF2EF9147710D725B">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="FFE0BA90E7565CA46C61E2E8011D9617">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4CF51F4D0CCABA6FB51857C486933055" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1758-903X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="CFAE31A10C56CB95CF97910F39E3EB7C">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="C2E0E73E80025E3382263501BE14C39E">Warren, Dan L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="229D484CBD25DF0C58E7A2C79A74EA2B">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:part id="4D9C027747BA59FF6DEAF29AFDD345E1">
<mods:date id="AB0B33D73F3E5F9D61BA9C046AA6172B">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EECC2E5CC4DFFCCDEB4B963F123FF4A4">2024-10-29</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="E19435E4979911803141BAC8BA296B60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4038A46E37C3CB44F78A99AF1E3B69F1">
<taxonomicName id="349BB0FF554E89B7C4D7AECCAA5A5F0A" authority="Kojima, Lewis &amp; Fujisawa" authorityName="Kojima, Lewis &amp; Fujisawa" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97CB02731F8733C02CA637ACAC16F00" italics="true">Aphanerostethus falcatus</emphasis>
Kojima, Lewis &amp; Fujisawa
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70E410E5DBA5F09114B5238A0CDE0A4F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9054365C91CC63D9715CB1B863AF0E4F" type="description">
<paragraph id="9D63DCBAACB13570C2FB166B38DD873C">
<figureCitation id="9B74B63BB4905F5F75A467D47AB4D32F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) E H A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0087658) I L A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) M P A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163065">Figs 1 I L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3B992D7D0360F1F59F0C50F2C7CBFC56" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood tree of Aphanerostethus species based on an 872 base-pair long concatenated DNA matrix (CO 1, Cytb, 16 S) with gene-wise partition modelling (CO 1 / Cytb: GTR + F + I + G 4; 16 S: GTR + F + G 4) constructed in IQ-TREE v. 1.6. 12. Branch support values represent standard nonparametric bootstraps (1000 replicates) and posterior probabilities. The symbol “ ” indicates a posterior probability less than 50 (i. e., collapsed nodes in the Bayesian Inference tree). EGP codes represent DNA extraction codes and serve also as unique specimen identifiers. Associated Aphanerostethus weevil figures on the right of the tree are not to scale. Note that, except for A. distinctus and A. taiwanus (see Comments under the A. taiwanus species profile), the monophyly of all Aphanerostethus species is strongly supported (BS: 100, PP: 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163067">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CBA20A8F40D46F59FDFAE4D384C04500" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A C Aphanerostethus distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0089414, JHLHY _ DAR _ 071, and 062, respectively) D F Aphanerostethus falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 167, 170, and 172, respectively)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163069">5 D F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="49C179C927BE57E5BE568F224122FD50" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus elytra with scales removed, revealing differences in the length of the 10 th elytral stria. The yellow and red arrows indicate the base and apex of the 10 th elytral stria, respectively A Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092) B A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 172) C A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 115) D A. decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) E A. distinctus (Morimotoi &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0089414) F A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 070)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163074">10 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6F27DB24FA0787D3B7BF0CB1F21E50F9" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 E, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0C20F4E6343982EA3FC12DD1633F2685" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakwa, 1985) (OKENT 0087605) C, D Aphanerostethus falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 167). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163081">17 C, D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBDDI" type="material">
<paragraph id="5FFF52D544CD1BC3CB7EF6FE1FFFF2AB">
<heading id="7C69C52E07FF1C2EE5C937226E11AD0E" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="027A119F390EF2898532E2EC3514421C">
<materialsCitation id="119303728B812617AD923F97B34223CF" collectingDate="2011-02-18" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="782639FAF2EA85F1053CE1E3678561CA" bold="true">
<emphasis id="5062F464AED7B2B84EAB48F0CF6C807F" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="7512C485A23BCC9896BB7DE060EF027D" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="20F32403337538249D29FFCFB63AE9EE" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="DC613E02118933B9A6B006DF4C6F2052" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<location id="8464B153B5DE675902369A1C6019DC54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD7C6E27C2A252329C383D168D564843:8464B153B5DE675902369A1C6019DC54" country="Vietnam" latitude="12.033334" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="B83FD4CD1ECF935566001E53CC7782B6" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.033334">12 ° 02 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="782BF6879B206840E1D43BF84532478B" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.433334">108 ° 26 ' E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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elevation
<quantity id="E5D526EA724585117FF683D1A7015162" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
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<collectingDate id="A39E06B257B9215215E948BE9069C7FB" value="2011-02-18">18. II. 2011</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="9DEACC896FBEAEF30AA63E65C493E1F3">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, male deposited in
<named-content id="9D6769D588D712D90C169E5BA2D7AC25" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="124B80D28267479FD1EB50AC78EBE5AA">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
,
<collectionCode id="4736A841D312EFB7083C885F99D25CDE">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 153
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="38793427330C4459C272E8CADCB1BFE8" collectingDate="2011-02-17" collectingDateMax="2011-02-18" collectingDateMin="2011-02-17" collectionCode="TUA, OIST, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="9227F4F9E2045A88C347E5B2D6FC4523" bold="true">
<emphasis id="1DCF8F62D0589E57BBD4CB0EB0708D47" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="1747DF9FD6FD4974048E793CF672A836" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="7E70E58AD4BD84DF2CA81251BA23FC15" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="A10A43698C7AAB03F94384A2843FD589" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: •
<location id="688062A81CA4500B846A33410804948E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD7C6E27C2A252329C383D168D564843:688062A81CA4500B846A33410804948E" country="Vietnam" latitude="12.033334" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="C8C6F8EA16C371CCB96937703663DB5C" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.033334">12 ° 02 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
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elevation
<quantity id="5920CEDA36F55C124D0004034BD9B5A1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate id="BD1DE692AF32190321745CBFBC71BA20" value="2011-02-17" valueMax="2011-02-18" valueMin="2011-02-17">1718. II. 2011</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="197927BCC773FC8FC511BA3257815440">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (21,
<named-content id="7C98300640332B04251408AE4A7B84AB" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
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; 1
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),
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_ DAR _ 094,
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_ DAR _ 096 (EGP 0160 D 01),
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_ DAR _ 097,
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_ DAR _ 099,
<collectionCode id="D8E27B095200833EFC477CB75DC93A26">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 110 (EGP 0160 C 12),
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_ DAR _ 112 (EGP 0160 D 02),
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_ DAR _ 116 (EGP 0160 D 10),
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_ DAR _ 117 (EGP 0160 D 09),
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_ DAR _ 119 (EGP 0160 D 07),
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_ DAR _ 154
<collectionCode id="E5520C1D381EFA164970F0EC741A1849">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 166
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="FF3D37E56863633182F27DF37FB9B244" collectingDate="2011-02-21" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" location="Lam Ha" municipality="Phi Lieng" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
near
<collectingMunicipality id="EDC8A0F566F421B17CC97874F9F51B8B">Phi Lieng</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="60A15DB3BF0AF383CB585E8EB824EAA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD7C6E27C2A252329C383D168D564843:60A15DB3BF0AF383CB585E8EB824EAA7" country="Vietnam" municipality="Phi Lieng" name="Lam Ha" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Lam Ha</location>
,
<date id="9291DE27B4F7E40B89CE37DCB5F3F17E" value="2011-02-21">
<collectingDate id="668B9F7F81F68E7FD69B4CAA2ACF77D8" value="2011-02-21">21. II. 2011</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="3B7E1909118EA5775C1714D2D33804E5">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="E4DE6ADBDB04127C23CFEA6E81226118" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
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),
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_ DAR _ 118 (EGP 0160 D 11)
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="028EB622CD61F885CD95AA67E211AAAC" collectingDate="2013-02-23" collectionCode="TUA, JHLHY" collectorName="Da Knang &amp; H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" location="Dam Rong District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="ACA5D0FC01BF556C1B1475C80D1B7552">Da Knang</collectorName>
,
<location id="D7305FC509B702C07804442D87666343" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD7C6E27C2A252329C383D168D564843:D7305FC509B702C07804442D87666343" country="Vietnam" name="Dam Rong District" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Dam Rong District</location>
,
<date id="9138C15B0519447DDD30C6B18F1BF39C" value="2013-02-23">
<collectingDate id="37238A544BCD4BF2056832A53B07E46F" value="2013-02-23">23. II. 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A17581C70B6D001BAB86C521D16917D7">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="3F3FCB2A15CC32E39E0DCC81F33DCFBD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="0B0D667BA66C2563F0217F9AB38D1C2D">TUA</collectionCode>
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),
<collectionCode id="26D678338745DC3CA0FEA7F16B852056">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 122 (EGP 0160 E 01)
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="13D2D23184B263B05340AF084E418670" collectingDate="2014-03-02" collectionCode="TUA" collectorName="Fujisawa" country="Vietnam" location="Dam Rong District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
same locality,
<date id="9955AF48DE10674541C35C7523ECB8A0" value="2014-03-02">
<collectingDate id="CDB207F15929F01E87A5B6A187564531" value="2014-03-02">2. III. 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, Y.
<collectorName id="108629C38FC970E6103F529971BF9031">Fujisawa</collectorName>
, (1,
<named-content id="20F9D80DC0108669EAD3A6DF9EE2DE4C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="A64A114D3B7A10252008BD85D8421BEA">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="F874FDF5D3848E5B319BA8F058FE61CF" collectingDate="2013-02-20" collectingDateMax="2013-02-26" collectingDateMin="2013-02-20" collectionCode="TUA, OIST, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Kojima" country="Vietnam" elevation="1700" latitude="12.033334" location="Mount Lang Biang" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lam Dong" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="484E17F6703B9CC25DB23E87813015AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD7C6E27C2A252329C383D168D564843:484E17F6703B9CC25DB23E87813015AC" country="Vietnam" latitude="12.033334" longLatPrecision="1294" longitude="108.433334" name="Mount Lang Biang" stateProvince="Lam Dong">Mount Lang Biang</location>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="B8B69B23ABA2082F09482CDF3CA9F209" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.033334">12 ° 02 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3D2CC3792880081979727977D32E3065" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.433334">108 ° 26 ' E</geoCoordinate>
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elevation
<quantity id="42F317D221E3EF589EF22A9D21FB4E44" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<date id="19FC0FA3CB4A3F1D7EEAB3607C50C449" value="2013-02-20" valueMax="2013-02-26" valueMin="2013-02-20">
<collectingDate id="9724832918F385DC8FF93DCA60DFB92E" value="2013-02-20" valueMax="2013-02-26" valueMin="2013-02-20">2026. II. 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="C7AB01D2E9E7731CA13EE1709C33491B">H. Kojima</collectorName>
, (18,
<named-content id="ECC3F279BE7BE567BB4C9E11AC82FD42" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/tokyo-university-agriculture" xlink_title="Tokyo University of Agriculture">
<collectionCode id="212959B10C5F0BBD448B72D588DBAD4B">TUA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
; 2,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEFDI" xlink_title="Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology">
<collectionCode id="33D085B66474E7E283E57588AE79167A">OIST</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
),
<collectionCode id="2C2EA1ACBF4BC30B4ED428F019CB66E8">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 091,
<collectionCode id="B05B2B50E96722B21F6985C7391623BB">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 109 (EGP 0160 D 04),
<collectionCode id="50D2CB8A19C6D1EFDB7DAAB381D6D31A">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 168
<collectionCode id="9D3A2A9A9B0AC79A0579ED51EFD7654F">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 179,
<collectionCode id="D6E00ACC2022265E79C87D214900A423">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 181
<collectionCode id="34E5971F4DF07B08B3612B6F26EFCA0C">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 186
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIFDI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="87D57A3EFE799243B5DC8FD0C9263B00">
<heading id="4155B1461D115C97A7D2651FBF6D608D" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE06181CDFF999E5141AD1CAA17E5077">
Body length
<quantity id="22CF5CFE4656F581CC6DA755E88F4423" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.7">1.72.1 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="0BBA4481DA9A29803A06F4248D83B91F">
<emphasis id="449AF85276DD1E5C92B578DD79316319" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="1C7F7B52E9F5D6515D943A95A8A4764E" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
coated in dark, sandy gray, and white scales in indistinct
<tp_taxon-name id="529111BB1F29786AFE31912D1D243DB3">
<emphasis id="489E60268DD17EF4CE92E77B4A1DBDFB" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="6205AAE4ED40948525B3CF418457CE88" reg="pattern" taxon-name-part-type="species">pattern</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
. Funicle with six articles. Procoxae contiguous. Only odd-numbered elytral intervals with erect scales. Erect elytral scales evenly distributed, not concentrated in bundle. Elytral interval 5 + 6 not distinctly arched at base. Hind femora with distinct tooth along ventral edge. Fore- and mid-femur with minute tooth. Scutellum reduced. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Metaventrite with a distinct elevated transverse ridge separating the meta- and mesocoxae. Metatibial uncus sickle-shaped in male (Fig.
<figureCitation id="610072408FA25CCFD94B26F0A8C2A680" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) E H A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0087658) I L A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) M P A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163065">1 I L</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus tapering over apical half, and swelling at tip (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9DC314F82C8523C2D433A157F6021DEB" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 E, F</figureCitation>
), unevenly curved in lateral view; clearly bent ventrally at apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="325D867199735D4CB75FFBFF46E6C56B" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 E, F</figureCitation>
). Internal sac with basal protruding structure (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E6E7FC037F39282D735BC272B02EE538" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 E, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENGDI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2637F58677234A54BBEFCEA314AB5D64">
<heading id="2852D40F09F4E1CE78B2FAE75B193864" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB6DFB5C29EB604D3C4A7F359D9D16B0">
This species is currently only known from
<collectingRegion id="19CA87E152092944C31E5639CA938A24" country="Vietnam" name="Lam Dong">Lam Dong Province</collectingRegion>
(Mt. Lang Biang, Phi Lieng, and Da Knang),
<collectingCountry id="05C5AF451D7637923362C6DD542244AC" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESGDI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0B2DEC35134A9B49A242E8AD9B62263E">
<heading id="FE69903B6750B1859192E78F2C1CBAFC" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EAEE05A1FC3531024866A16DC0A70D84">
The specific name
<taxonomicName id="F57D4A0319DBD0B69852089C850C56E8" authorityName="Kojima, Lewis &amp; Fujisawa" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcatus">
<emphasis id="4806335454B1C0AF29CA894B62EF5533" italics="true">falcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latin adjective in reference to the sickle-shaped metatibial uncus of males (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7F7856F1DB22791945E9544BBF9A91D9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) E H A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 0087658) I L A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) M P A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163065">1 I L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
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<mods:title id="061BD58059B163775787C055369FF08A">The era of cybertaxonomy: X-ray microtomography reveals cryptic diversity and concealed cuticular sculpture in Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="69DC36B965D8F26D983A89797FF5AF3A">Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="65D28C596F3010E198CE47FD0BFE200B">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0CE6C13B458A1F9330A6CA9BF4C1B6B1">Kojima, Hiroaki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E5500C5706C8939402B9709472B09618">Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CDD58871B7D2937505B24A786DA83D8D">Suenaga, Miyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7BB1708BA81E24C284BDF50D15AD289D">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="34B1CCA853CDB303F655962C9EE03023">Petsopoulos, Dimitrios</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EE8D0CE35F2060D2B4F49B3293A00652" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4408-0458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F8172EB8538374F88A5DB1C178E348EF">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="06DED2419389CC09EFE14C2B0B82CE0F">Fujisawa, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F4EA961D030AA5B8C2D19442F4ADD3BD">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="93B96BDE9370A7B2F418D567EBE7E32C">Truong, Xuan Lam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E4E945B9E5AB6EAE7D384F4ACC3C965D">Shonan Fujisawa Junior and Senior High School, Keio University, 5466 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa Prefecture, 252 - 0816 Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="32CBAB0BBD74046F3F40B324DCDF71EA">Environmental Science and Informatics Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources, Vietnamese Academy of Science &amp; Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="45E5085D1BA44A3E78ECDE04013A4DFE" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="42F89AC50C4FF5759BD56DC937A97202">
<taxonomicName id="2571E1625499C4D5F7C9AD682D7E22AF" authority="Lewis &amp; Kojima" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3E24630106CE519C6B8CA6316596015C" italics="true">Aphanerostethus spinosus</emphasis>
Lewis &amp; Kojima
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7C1E3F8B46D7D62C4CB6E64A916CC58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C91EFC3B1014457181B5E87F81F9D600" type="description">
<paragraph id="41F03D590D22939F9F7B6B93377B18A4">
<figureCitation id="CBF99EA02A58C40BC090AFD7EDFB6E76" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 075) E H A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) I L A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) M P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163066">Figs 2 I L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E0865067FF5296E65E164376078E0DE0" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. X-ray microtomography generated 3 D models of Aphanerostethus pronota with scales removed, revealing otherwise hidden differences in underlying puncture morphology A Aphanerostethus armatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 078) B D Aphanerostethus bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 092, 101, and 103, respectively) E Aphanerostethus decoratus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 079) F Aphanerostethus spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163068">4 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="74859A0305F4EB01092F35248DAE32E3" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 Q, R</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C194B3FD171CB224FAD01AFD992DFC4" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Lateral and dorsal photographs of Aphanerostethus species A, B Aphanerostethus morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 093) C, D Aphanerostethus spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163084">20 C, D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERRAK" type="material">
<paragraph id="A306F61BBBBE5F6E2B58D7D2CF925CAF">
<heading id="C44FF9B6F642A20127655BF33FD635FD" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9CC23CF788CA09BCBEF49CE32F5C4FF">
<materialsCitation id="7D4DDBECA26D84F162C0AF1128E5634C" collectingDate="1993-03-15" collectionCode="KUM, JHLHY" collectorName="H. Hiratate" country="Malaysia" elevation="2150" location="Kinabalu Park Headquarters" municipality="Borneo Island" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sabah" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="0AC094BFC1EE0F16CD526452A3063F16" bold="true">
<emphasis id="C85C8AEC26DB11AAADC22BF034D0516E" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="5BEBCB8195C487C9B83AB52C78FFB3CF" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="185C37AE14C146AF13F2E1984AAFE46A" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: •
<collectingMunicipality id="8D41EE403B2767F8D71A0414CE4EB7EE">Borneo Island</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="73C17BC758EC10FB3D0AE2B70E321231" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="4A6C1254284B781FAC0EAE8673D428E1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE5E406E56EA57BE8A0BF9271F6C27DD:4A6C1254284B781FAC0EAE8673D428E1" country="Malaysia" municipality="Borneo Island" name="Kinabalu Park Headquarters" stateProvince="Sabah">Kinabalu Park Headquarters</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="BA4754E94623077AD30E5B1F3982541E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="m" value="2150.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="1800.0">
<elevation id="81DE59FA5D0E5A8DC0D59B6FE0711AE2" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="m" value="2150.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="1800.0">18002500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="20CBFC02BD9F1C1FD580B055DD0B253E" value="1993-03-15">
<collectingDate id="CB8376C9F8D50F76F4D188BA3BA55C34" value="1993-03-15">15. III. 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="9FD56393FF57D732EAD4BEC265FF5C94">H. Hiratate</collectorName>
, male deposited in
<named-content id="1E833A97E38395CF97F805BC005E58B9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kyushu-university-museum" xlink_title="Kyushu University Museum">
<collectionCode id="095316702749F9C950FC6A71ACDDAEBB">KUM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
,
<collectionCode id="35B29B071F7167C64F16A69170FE45C9">JHLHY</collectionCode>
_ DAR _ 077.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EASAK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3D86FBCED1942731B735F60320D13279">
<heading id="4C7593A676FE2DD8E67E55F6F458A58B" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C9F46A1A582E7F952E37986DE13E647">
Body length
<quantity id="4FBC583C056E8D06599D1F99977F2F99" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
.
<tp_taxon-name id="C56F02F5184EF7CC50356F11931E495B">
<emphasis id="C6CD9E975F5A18528117646C3B1DC0B3" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="6A4E6E9893665627061276C4A38BAEA0" reg="Cuticle" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Cuticle</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
coated in dark, sandy gray, and white scales in indistinct
<tp_taxon-name id="95C769E02876FEC6B222E10518AD12DA">
<emphasis id="441D0DD3BA7197BD3E7FA71024EF1396" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="607167F20C173F415661A9EEAFCEE383" reg="pattern" taxon-name-part-type="species">pattern</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
. Funicle with six articles. Procoxae contiguous. Second and odd-numbered elytral intervals with erect scales. Erect elytral scales concentrated in small bundles of two or three along second elytral interval at midpoint; evenly distributed along other intervals. Elytral interval 5 + 6 not distinctly arched at base. Femora all with large, acute tooth along ventral edge. Scutellum distinct, bulging, and covered in white scales. Prosternal cavity prominent and with steep lateral ridges. Metaventrite with a distinct elevated transverse ridge separating the meta- and mesocoxae. Metatibial uncus of male claw-shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="39587BEEF573FE226641E0F9AB295D00" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Metatibial unci in Aphanerostethus (males) A D A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 075) E H A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) I L A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) M P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163066">2 I L</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus with diagnostic, laterally expanded apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D7536F37841F99AA6D28B0D6724DBA78" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 Q, R</figureCitation>
). Internal sac with M-shaped, basal protruding structure (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FFBE2E20548472F1AB2CF146967B3201" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of Aphanerostethus species A, B A. bifidus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 102) C, D A. distinctus (Morimoto &amp; Miyakawa, 1985) (OKENT 87658) E, F A. falcatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 099) G, H A. incurvatus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 100) I, J A. japonicus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 052) K, L A. magnus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 022) M, N A. morimotoi sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 113) O, P A. nudus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 012) Q, R A. spinosus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 077) S, T A. taiwanus sp. nov. (JHLHY _ DAR _ 016) U, V A. vannideki Voss, 1957 (JHLHY _ DAR _ 082)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1217.126626.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1163079">15 Q, R</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBTAK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5DAE007B705484C42E105D66614DD2E8">
<heading id="8A58C8F139E8E4A75FB090FF21E96B5A" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9ABD06E37206C92554BC60D2B032269">This species is only known from one site in Kinabalu Park, Borneo.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGTAK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7AA57D1A13DFC586629888FE9FA76EA6">
<heading id="235E2AF83C9C44CE5D8C41F76C0BD9F7" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2BEC88631FA58658C1A15A96D617FDC">
This specific name
<taxonomicName id="60F903976DC94521165545555BAE7720" authorityName="Lewis &amp; Kojima &amp; Suenaga &amp; Petsopoulos &amp; Fujisawa &amp; Truong &amp; Warren" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="D93E5E5FA889230E0C74B71F86DDA3FB" italics="true">spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latin adjective in reference to the distinctly acute, elongate tooth on the ventral side of the femora.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWTAK" type="comments">
<paragraph id="07355502BA9E0D1BFBFBE6778BFA967D">
<heading id="7D1870556A7CBE0E4F3C92B27F43EDBB" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7714F617F2C624133B0B3D662911C7DD">
Although the female is unknown it is likely the case that the metatibial uncus is sexually dimorphic as in other closely related
<taxonomicName id="9F287B397AD03D6D41C21B31D84952CE" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aphanerostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="DE9AF747E41649AA28B1F7067ACE9E49" italics="true">Aphanerostethus</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>