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<mods:title id="7C24F026F24CB019FCC6027DBE5E5C16">Re-description and biology of Parastethynium maxwelli (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of Zophiuma lobulata (Hemiptera: Lophopidae), and description of a new species of Parastethynium from Indonesia</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="7FBF1FF72F560F7D152B628C1584E267">Re-description and biology of Parastethynium maxwelli (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of Zophiuma lobulata (Hemiptera: Lophopidae), and description of a new species of Parastethynium from Indonesia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B673FA629BA2ABA0B8C1A512F9D5C330">Gitau, Catherine W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="26780FE0DCF3A9CAFD6569192812DA6C">Gurr, Geoff M.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="D57E0C2DC32EFFE24B88F9D3103BC452" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6193909" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119385002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6193909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D57E0C2DC32EFFE24B88F9D3103BC452" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D57E0C2DC32EFFE24B88F9D3103BC452" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection id="15CDEEB0C32EFFE34B88F9D3106EC0C0" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32EFFE34B88F9D31327C026" blockId="2.[151,623,1616,1676]" box="[151,623,1616,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="06200A57C32EFFE34B88F9D31327C026" bold="true" box="[151,623,1616,1643]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32EFFE34B88F9D31327C026" bold="true" box="[151,623,1616,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32EFFE34B88F9D3136DC026" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" box="[151,549,1616,1643]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutum" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32EFFE34B88F9D3136DC026" ID-CoL="CBNTX" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" box="[151,549,1616,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32EFFE34B88F9D31085C027" bold="true" box="[151,461,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Parastethynium hirsutum</emphasis>
Huber
</taxonomicName>
@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ Huber
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32EFFE34B88F9F6106EC0C0" blockId="2.[151,623,1616,1676]" box="[151,294,1652,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
(
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32EFFE34B80F9F61056C0C0" box="[159,286,1652,1676]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs 16–18</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32EFFE34B80F9F61056C0C0" box="[159,286,1652,1676]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs 16–18</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -84,11 +85,11 @@ material.
female (
<collectionCode id="3BC625FEC32EFFE34903F93E133EC098" box="[540,630,1724,1748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">BMNH</collectionCode>
), dissected under 4 coverslips on slide (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32EFFE34F2AF93E15CEC098" box="[1077,1158,1724,1748]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32EFFE34F2AF93E15CEC098" box="[1077,1158,1724,1748]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
) labelled: 1. “INDONE- SIA, Sulawesi Utara, Dumoga-Bone Nat. Park, Toraut
<date id="29699BFBC32EFFE3480EF95D122BC0BB" box="[785,867,1759,1783]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" value="1985-05">V.1985</date>
, J.H. Martin”. 2.
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32EFFE34F2EF95D14D4C0BB" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" box="[1073,1436,1759,1783]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutum">Parastethynium hirsutum Huber</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32EFFE34F2EF95D14D4C0BB" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" box="[1073,1436,1759,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutum">Parastethynium hirsutum Huber</taxonomicName>
female
<typeStatus id="826C0399C32EFFE34BF3F8861012C150" box="[236,346,1796,1820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
”.
@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ Two females, one on card (
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32EFFE34BD8F8C9150AC1C4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1723,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32EFFE34BD8F8C91009C128" bold="true" box="[199,321,1867,1892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Very similar to
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32EFFE34AE5F8CF1334C128" box="[506,636,1868,1892]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32EFFE34AE5F8CF1334C128" box="[506,636,1868,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32EFFE34AE5F8CF1334C128" box="[506,636,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differing slightly in its slightly shorter body length, different appendage proportions, and other features as given in the key and diagnosis of
@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ Very similar to
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32EFFE34BD8F81111BAC19C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1723,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32EFFE34BD8F8111011C1E0" bold="true" box="[199,345,1939,1964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Description.</emphasis>
FEMALE. Colour and structure as for
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32EFFE34801F81712E8C1E0" box="[798,928,1940,1964]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32EFFE34801F81712E8C1E0" box="[798,928,1940,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32EFFE34801F81712E8C1E0" box="[798,928,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Measurements, from of the
@ -147,16 +148,16 @@ Antenna. With two multiporous plate sensilla on fl3, fl5, and each claval segmen
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32FFFE24BD8FE88154EC709" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,542]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
Mesosoma. Midlobe of mesoscutum with setae close to posterior margins of sclerite. Scutellum with placoid sensilla almost touching each other and anterior margin of scutellum (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE248BAFEAF12B0C709" box="[933,1016,301,325]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE248BAFEAF12B0C709" box="[933,1016,301,325]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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Wings. Fore wing length 670, width 255, length/width 2.62, longest marginal setae 28, about 0.10X fore wing width (
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wing length 616, width 83, longest marginal setae 57, about 0.69X as long as greatest wing width; width at hamuli about 0.41 greatest width (
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<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32FFFE24BD8FE3C10D2C799" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,542]" box="[199,410,445,470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">MALE. Unknown.</paragraph>
@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ wing length 616, width 83, longest marginal setae 57, about 0.69X as long as gre
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32FFFE24BD8FE631346C7B6" bold="true" box="[199,526,481,506]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Derivation of species name.</emphasis>
Latin for hairy (hirsute), referring to the more densely setose fore and hind wing than in
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<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24B80FD16105AC4E0" box="[159,274,660,684]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 5. S" captionStart-1="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStart-2="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId-0="4.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 5. S tethynium maxwelli Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide." captionText-1="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." captionText-2="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201221" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 1–15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24A02FD16102CC4E0" box="[285,356,660,684]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStart-1="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStart-2="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId-0="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetId-2="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." captionText-1="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." captionText-2="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">19–50</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24A02FD16102CC4E0" box="[285,356,660,684]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStart-1="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStart-2="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId-0="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetId-2="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." captionText-1="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." captionText-2="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201224" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201225" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201226" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">19–50</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -99,7 +100,7 @@
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32FFFE24B88FD79100DC563" blockId="3.[151,1436,732,815]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7DC79A15C32FFFE24B88FD79100DC563" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32FFFE24B88FD79134EC55C" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" box="[151,518,762,785]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32FFFE24B88FD79134EC55C" ID-CoL="CBNTY" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" box="[151,518,762,785]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32FFFE24B88FD7910D6C55D" box="[151,414,763,785]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Parastethynium maxwelli</emphasis>
(Girault)
</taxonomicName>
@ -128,9 +129,9 @@ material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="826C0399C32FFFE24A53FCDE10FCC538" box="[332,436,860,884]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24909FCDE1332C538" box="[534,634,860,884]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5. S" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. S tethynium maxwelli Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24909FCDE1332C538" box="[534,634,860,884]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5. S" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. S tethynium maxwelli Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
), in poor condition under a piece of broken cover slip on a slide broken into several pieces and stuck together with tape (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE249CFFC021250C5D4" box="[720,792,896,920]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5. S" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. S tethynium maxwelli Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE249CFFC021250C5D4" box="[720,792,896,920]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5. S" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. S tethynium maxwelli Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). It is together with the
<typeStatus id="826C0399C32FFFE24F28FC0215D1C5D4" box="[1079,1177,896,920]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
@ -145,22 +146,22 @@ Girault
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32FFFE24BD8FC45142EC2F4" blockId="3.[151,1437,860,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32FFFE24BD8FC451072C5AC" bold="true" box="[199,314,967,992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Forewing with microtrichia posterior to venation relatively sparse, with a larger asetose lenticular area anterior to retinaculum bordered anteriorly with one row of microtrichia (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24F10FC6E151FC248" box="[1039,1111,1004,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5. S" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. S tethynium maxwelli Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24F10FC6E151FC248" box="[1039,1111,1004,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5. S" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. S tethynium maxwelli Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24F79FC6E15CCC248" box="[1126,1156,1004,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24F79FC6E15CCC248" box="[1126,1156,1004,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">15</figureCitation>
); scutellum with placoid sensilla well separated from each other and from anterior margin (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE2489DFB921281C264" box="[898,969,1040,1064]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5. S" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. S tethynium maxwelli Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE2489DFB921281C264" box="[898,969,1040,1064]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5. S" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. S tethynium maxwelli Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE248C7FB92154DC264" box="[984,1029,1040,1064]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">8, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE248C7FB92154DC264" box="[984,1029,1040,1064]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">8, 9</figureCitation>
). The very similar species,
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32FFFE24E22FB931047C200" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutum">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32FFFE24E22FB931047C200" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutum">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32FFFE24E22FB931189C200" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">P. hirsutum</emphasis>
Huber
</taxonomicName>
, described above, has the scutellum with the placoid sensilla almost touching each other and the anterior margin of the scutellum (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24AB0FBDA134AC23C" box="[431,514,1112,1136]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24AB0FBDA134AC23C" box="[431,514,1112,1136]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
), the fore wing microtrichia posterior to venation almost as dense as more distally, i.e., with smaller asetose areas, two rows of microtrichia bordering the asetose lenticular area anterior to the retinaculum, and the hind wing width at the level of the hamuli less than half the maximum wing width (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24E1AFB221410C2F4" box="[1285,1368,1184,1208]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24E1AFB221410C2F4" box="[1285,1368,1184,1208]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -168,27 +169,27 @@ Huber
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32FFFE24BD8FB461455C3DC" blockId="3.[151,1437,860,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32FFFE24BD8FB461011C291" bold="true" box="[199,345,1220,1245]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Description.</emphasis>
FEMALE. Body length 870–1000 µm (n=15). Body colour dark brown except frenum light yellow to almost white, humeral plate and area immediately under wing insertions white with brown tinge, and apical tergite and cercal plate lighter brown than preceding tergites (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24846FA8E1288C368" box="[857,960,1292,1316]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 6–8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24846FA8E1288C368" box="[857,960,1292,1316]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 6–8</figureCitation>
, cleared, slide mount). Scape and pedicel brown, flagellum yellow. Mouthparts except mandibles white, mandibles brown except teeth with reddish tips. Coxae except brown bases, and trochanters white, remainder of legs yellow except apical tarsomere of middle and hind legs and pretarsus of all legs brown. Body and appendage setae mostly white, their sockets brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32FFFE24BD8FA1E12A1C024" blockId="3.[151,1437,860,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
Head. Head width 267–293 (n=5). Face and vertex (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE2480AFA1E12DEC3F8" box="[789,918,1436,1460]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 19, 20</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE2480AFA1E12DEC3F8" box="[789,918,1436,1460]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 19, 20</figureCitation>
) with engraved, isodiametric reticulate sculpture, gena and occiput (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24AAEFA421340C394" box="[433,520,1472,1496]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24AAEFA421340C394" box="[433,520,1472,1496]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
) along posterior orbit with elongate reticulate sculpture. Eye dorsally usually extending to back of head (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE2491DFA66132EC3B0" box="[514,614,1508,1532]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 6, 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE2491DFA66132EC3B0" box="[514,614,1508,1532]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 6, 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE2496CFA6613F5C3B0" box="[627,701,1508,1532]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">21, 22</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE2496CFA6613F5C3B0" box="[627,701,1508,1532]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">21, 22</figureCitation>
), usually collapsed, even in non-teneral specimens killed in ethanol. Mouth opening laterally with separate, narrow sclerite between base of mandible and gena (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24FC1F98A147BC06C" box="[1246,1331,1544,1568]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24FC1F98A147BC06C" box="[1246,1331,1544,1568]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
). Mouthparts (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24BFDF9AE1027C008" box="[226,367,1580,1604]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 23, 24</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24BFDF9AE1027C008" box="[226,367,1580,1604]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 23, 24</figureCitation>
) with the mandibles with the distinct ventral tooth separated from the wide dorsal tooth consisting of an uneven serrated edge with 2 smaller between 2 larger teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32FFFE24BD8F9F710B0C120" blockId="3.[151,1437,860,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
Antenna. Scape with faint, longitudinal striations, with inner, dorsal, and ventral surfaces densely setose and outer surface without setae (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24ACEF91A136FC0FC" box="[465,551,1688,1712]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 21</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32FFFE24ACEF91A136FC0FC" box="[465,551,1688,1712]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Parastethynium maxwelli female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs 21</figureCitation>
, 26, 28). Funicle and clava (Figs 25, 27) densely setose, the setae about as long as a segment width. Fl3 and fl5 each with 2 longitudinal sensilla, the remaining funicle segments without longitudinal sensilla (fl1, fl2, fl4, and fl6 incorrectly stated as each having 1 longitudinal sensillum in
<bibRefCitation id="3946C0CAC32FFFE24F85F961140DC0B7" author="Lin" box="[1178,1349,1763,1787]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Lin, N. - Q., Huber, J. T. &amp; La Salle, J. (2007) The Australian genera of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Zootaxa, 1596, 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="2007">
Lin
@ -202,42 +203,42 @@ Mesosoma. Sculpture engraved reticulate, more or less isodiametric on mesoscutal
<date id="29699BFBC32AFFE74E64FB0514CFC2D3" box="[1403,1415,1159,1183]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">3</date>
X their diameter. Prosternum (Fig. 32) with 5 or 6 pairs of setae; mesosternum (Fig. 32) with 2 pairs of setae posteiorly, bordering the discrimmen.
</paragraph>
<caption id="09A8EDB3C328FFE54B88F8F8134CC1E3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" targetPageId="4">
<caption id="09A8EDB3C328FFE54B88F8F8134CC1E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201221/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC328FFE54B88F8F8134CC1E3" blockId="4.[151,1436,1914,1967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C328FFE54B88F8F81072C1DC" bold="true" box="[151,314,1914,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">FIGURES 1–5.</emphasis>
S
<emphasis id="6FA36129C328FFE54A51F8F9135BC1DD" box="[334,531,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
tethynium
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C328FFE54AA7F8F9135BC1DD" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" box="[440,531,1915,1937]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">maxwelli</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C328FFE54AA7F8F9135BC1DD" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" box="[440,531,1915,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">maxwelli</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Girault, holotype. 1, body dorsal; 2, head posterior and dorsal; 3, head, anterior and ventral; 4, mandibles; 5, holotype slide.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="09A8EDB3C329FFE44B88F8F812D8C182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" targetPageId="5">
<caption id="09A8EDB3C329FFE44B88F8F812D8C182" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC329FFE44B88F8F812D8C182" blockId="5.[151,1436,1914,1998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C329FFE44B88F8F8100FC1DC" bold="true" box="[151,327,1914,1937]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">FIGURES 6–14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C329FFE44A51F8F913FAC1DD" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" box="[334,690,1915,1937]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C329FFE44A51F8F913FAC1DD" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" box="[334,690,1915,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C329FFE44A51F8F91319C1DD" box="[334,593,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Parastethynium maxwelli</emphasis>
(Girault)
</taxonomicName>
, cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal;10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="09A8EDB3C32AFFE74B88FB831387C27A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" targetPageId="6">
<caption id="09A8EDB3C32AFFE74B88FB831387C27A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32AFFE74B88FB831387C27A" blockId="6.[151,1436,1025,1078]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32AFFE74B88FB83101CC25B" bold="true" box="[151,340,1025,1048]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">FIGURES 15–18.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32AFFE74A46FB8310B1C25B" box="[345,505,1025,1047]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Parastethynium</emphasis>
spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15,
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32AFFE74820FB8112FBC25B" box="[831,947,1025,1048]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32AFFE74820FB8112FBC25B" box="[831,947,1025,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32AFFE74820FB8112FBC25B" box="[831,947,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">P. maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, wings; 16,
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32AFFE74F30FB8115A1C25B" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" box="[1071,1257,1025,1048]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutum">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32AFFE74F30FB8115A1C25B" authority="Huber" authorityName="Huber" box="[1071,1257,1025,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutum">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32AFFE74F30FB8115EAC25B" box="[1071,1186,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">P. hirsutum</emphasis>
Huber
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, wings; 17,
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32AFFE74BA2FBA31078C27A" box="[189,304,1056,1078]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutum">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32AFFE74BA2FBA31078C27A" box="[189,304,1056,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutum">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32AFFE74BA2FBA31078C27A" box="[189,304,1056,1078]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">P. hirsutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide.
@ -245,60 +246,60 @@ Huber
</caption>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32AFFE74BD8FB701347C3F3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1122,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
Wings. Fore wing (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74A82FB7010A6C346" box="[413,494,1266,1290]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74A82FB7010A6C346" box="[413,494,1266,1290]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) distinctly infumate except for basal cell and a well defined oval hyaline area in apical 0.66 of wing beyond venation. Measurements (n=3): length 849–873, width 302–330, length/width ratio 2.73– 2.88, longest marginal setae 38–50, about 0.12–0.17X as long as greatest wing width.
<collectingCountry id="25C0FDABC32AFFE74F77FAB815E8C31E" box="[1128,1184,1338,1362]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Hind</collectingCountry>
wing (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74FEFFAB8140BC31E" box="[1264,1347,1338,1362]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74FEFFAB8140BC31E" box="[1264,1347,1338,1362]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1025,1048]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Parastethynium spp., cleared, slide mounts. 15, P. maxwelli, wings; 16, P. hirsutum Huber, holotype, wings; 17, P. hirsutum, holotype mesosoma; 18, holotype slide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201223/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) faintly infumate, slightly more so towards apex and along anterior margin, and relatively wide with rounded apex. Length 777–792, width 93–106, longest marginal setae 60–71, about 0.57–0.58X as long as greatest wing width; width at hamuli about 0.59 greatest width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32AFFE74BD8FA49135CC066" blockId="6.[151,1436,1122,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
Legs. Coxae and femora finely, longitudinally reticulate. Tibiae and tarsi densely setose (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74FC7FA4814D8C3AE" box="[1240,1424,1482,1506]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figs 47, 49, 50</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74FC7FA4814D8C3AE" box="[1240,1424,1482,1506]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figs 47, 49, 50</figureCitation>
). Mesotibial spur (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74A43FA6D10F9C04B" box="[348,433,1519,1543]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74A43FA6D10F9C04B" box="[348,433,1519,1543]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
) slightly curved, longer than protibial calcar (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE748D2FA6D156AC04B" box="[973,1058,1519,1543]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE748D2FA6D156AC04B" box="[973,1058,1519,1543]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
) and twice as long as the short, straight metatibial spurs (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74AACF9901340C066" box="[435,520,1554,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74AACF9901340C066" box="[435,520,1554,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 50" captionStartId="11.[151,264,938,961]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,181,918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 50. Parastethynium maxwelli legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32AFFE74BD8F9BA139CC11A" blockId="6.[151,1436,1122,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
Metasoma. Petiole ring-like, with a broad, oblique attachment to propodeum (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74F33F9B41537C002" box="[1068,1151,1590,1614]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74F33F9B41537C002" box="[1068,1151,1590,1614]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
). Gaster (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74FF4F9B414DBC002" box="[1259,1427,1590,1614]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figs 33, 35, 36</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74FF4F9B414DBC002" box="[1259,1427,1590,1614]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figs 33, 35, 36</figureCitation>
) with extremely thin, mostly smooth cuticle and the overlapping segments closely appressed, thus sometimes almost indistinguishable from one another. Each apparent tergum with 3 or 4 long setae, laterally on gt1–gt4 and sublaterally as well on gt5 and gt6, the latter two segments slightly the longest, both with a group of minute spicules mediodorsally; syntergum (fused gt7–gt8) almost as long as wide anteriorly, conical, with several long setae in 3 transverse rows. Spiracle absent. Cerci flat, with the usual 4 setae. St3–6 each with a row of long setae; outer plate of ovipositor with numerous setae bordering ovipositor sheath (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE7487BF89812F5C17E" box="[868,957,1818,1842]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE7487BF89812F5C17E" box="[868,957,1818,1842]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
). Ovipositor as long as gaster (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74E29F89814C7C17E" box="[1334,1423,1818,1842]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE74E29F89814C7C17E" box="[1334,1423,1818,1842]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
), exserted slightly beyond gastral apex (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE7495AF8BC1380C11A" box="[581,712,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figs 34, 36</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE7495AF8BC1380C11A" box="[581,712,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figs 34, 36</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32AFFE94BD8F8E01068C19C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1122,2023]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,1914,2001]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
MALE. Similar to female except as follows. Body length 680–800 µm (n=5). Body colour yellow with slight brown suffusion, except occiput brown dorsally (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE749CDF804120FC1D2" box="[722,839,1926,1950]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figs 9–11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC32AFFE749CDF804120FC1D2" box="[722,839,1926,1950]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figs 9–11</figureCitation>
, cleared, slide mounts). Exceptionally, body darker brown, as in female (one specimen seen). Rarely, light brown, with more or less extensive yellow areas, especially lower face and gena, parts of mesosoma dorsally, propodeum, and apex of metasoma. Flagellum brownish yellow,
<emphasis id="6FA36129C324FFE94B88F8F8101CC1DC" bold="true" box="[151,340,1914,1937]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">FIGURES 25–32.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C324FFE94A45F8F91314C1DD" box="[346,604,1915,1937]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C324FFE94A45F8F91314C1DD" box="[346,604,1915,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C324FFE94A45F8F91314C1DD" box="[346,604,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Parastethynium maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female, micrographs. 25, antenna lateral inner; 26, scape–fl2,lateral inner; 27, fl2– clava, dorsal; 28, scape and pedicel, dorsal; 29, mesosoma dorsal; 30, frenum–base of gaster; 31, mesosoma lateral; 32, mesosoma ventral.
</paragraph>
<caption id="09A8EDB3C32BFFE64B88F8F81219C1FC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" targetPageId="7">
<caption id="09A8EDB3C32BFFE64B88F8F81219C1FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201224/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC32BFFE64B88F8F81219C1FC" blockId="7.[151,1436,1914,1968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32BFFE64B88F8F8101EC1DC" bold="true" box="[151,342,1914,1937]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 19–24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32BFFE64A42F8F91329C1DD" box="[349,609,1915,1937]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C32BFFE64A42F8F91329C1DD" box="[349,609,1915,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C32BFFE64A42F8F91329C1DD" box="[349,609,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Parastethynium maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22, head laterodorsal; 23, mouthparts anterior; 24, mouthparts, posterior.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="09A8EDB3C325FFE84B88F8F8158EC1FC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" targetPageId="9">
<caption id="09A8EDB3C325FFE84B88F8F8158EC1FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC325FFE84B88F8F8158EC1FC" blockId="9.[151,1437,1914,1968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C325FFE84B88F8F8101DC1DC" bold="true" box="[151,341,1914,1937]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">FIGURES 33–39.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C325FFE84A44F8F91316C1DD" box="[347,606,1915,1937]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C325FFE84A44F8F91316C1DD" box="[347,606,1915,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C325FFE84A44F8F91316C1DD" box="[347,606,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Parastethynium maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts.
@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ female, micrographs. 19, head anterior; 20, head posterior; 21, head dorsal; 22,
</caption>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC326FFEB4B88F9FC1530C0F9" blockId="10.[151,1435,1662,1721]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C326FFEB4B88F9FC101CC0DF" bold="true" box="[151,340,1662,1685]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">FIGURES 40–46.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C326FFEB4A46F9FC1313C0D8" box="[345,603,1662,1684]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C326FFEB4A46F9FC1313C0D8" box="[345,603,1662,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C326FFEB4A46F9FC1313C0D8" box="[345,603,1662,1684]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Parastethynium maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male, micrographs. 40, antenna lateral inner; 41, fl9 –fl11 lateral, inner; 42, scape–f l1 lateral inner; 43, metasoma dorsal; 44, gaster apex; 45, metasoma lateral; 46, gaster apex lateral.
@ -314,16 +315,16 @@ male, micrographs. 40, antenna lateral inner; 41, fl9 –fl11 lateral, inner; 42
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC326FFEB4B88F9661083C16C" blockId="10.[151,1437,1764,2010]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">only slightly darker than scape and pedicel. Legs, including apical tarsomere of fore leg, yellow, pretarsus brown. Mandibles entirely reddish.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC326FFEB4B88F8AE151BC108" blockId="10.[151,1437,1764,2010]" box="[151,1107,1836,1860]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
The lighter body colour of males (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC326FFEB490AF8AE1311C108" box="[533,601,1836,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC326FFEB490AF8AE1311C108" box="[533,601,1836,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) compared to females (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC326FFEB487EF8AE12EBC108" box="[865,931,1836,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC326FFEB487EF8AE12EBC108" box="[865,931,1836,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) is remarkable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC326FFEB4BD8F8D310BAC196" blockId="10.[151,1437,1764,2010]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Antenna. Flagellar segments densely setose and apical two flagellomeres broadly joined to each other (Figs 40–42). Measurements (length) (n=3): scape 104–107, pedicel 54–56, fl1 45–51, fl2 40–42, fl3 41–45, fl4 38–48, fl5 40–48, fl6 42–47, fl7 41–46, fl8 44–45, fl9 46–48, fl10 42–50, fl11 38–45. Fl6 width 26, 1.7–1.8X as long as wide, with 4 or 5 multiporous plate sensilla.</paragraph>
<caption id="09A8EDB3C327FFEA4B88FC2811B8C5AC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" targetPageId="11">
<caption id="09A8EDB3C327FFEA4B88FC2811B8C5AC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201226/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[151,1436,181,917]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC327FFEA4B88FC2811B8C5AC" blockId="11.[151,1436,938,992]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C327FFEA4B88FC28101DC58C" bold="true" box="[151,341,938,961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">FIGURES 47–50.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C327FFEA4A43FC291317C58D" box="[348,607,939,961]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C327FFEA4A43FC291317C58D" box="[348,607,939,961]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C327FFEA4A43FC291317C58D" box="[348,607,939,961]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Parastethynium maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg; 50, hind leg.
@ -331,16 +332,16 @@ legs posterior, micrographs. 47, fore leg; 48, fore leg calcar; 49, middle leg;
</caption>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC327FFEA4BD8FB8E1444C268" blockId="11.[151,1437,1036,1820]" box="[199,1292,1036,1060]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
Head. Gena relatively wider dorsally (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA496CFB8E13BAC268" box="[627,754,1036,1060]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs 37, 38</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA496CFB8E13BAC268" box="[627,754,1036,1060]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs 37, 38</figureCitation>
) than in female but mandibles similar (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA4FB4FB8E15B7C268" box="[1195,1279,1036,1060]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA4FB4FB8E15B7C268" box="[1195,1279,1036,1060]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 39" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 39. Parastethynium maxwelli, micrographs. 33, female gaster dorsal; 34, female gaster apex; 35, female gaster lateral; 36, female gaster ventral; 37, male head lateral; 38, male head ventral; 39, male head, mouthparts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201225/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D68BD3BC327FFEA4BD8FBB3130EC297" blockId="11.[151,1437,1036,1820]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
Metasoma. Syntergum (fused gt7–gt8) about half as long as wide anteriorly, more rounded apically, with shorter, more closely spaced setae (Figs 43, 44). The two preapical sternites each with transverse row of erect setae along posterior margin (Figs 45, 46). Apical sternum V-like, incised, bordered medially with about 14 short erect setae on each side of genitalia (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA4AE6FB1D1334C2FB" box="[505,636,1183,1207]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs 13, 14</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA4AE6FB1D1334C2FB" box="[505,636,1183,1207]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs 13, 14</figureCitation>
). Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA4818FB1D12C1C2FB" box="[775,905,1183,1207]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs 12–14</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA4818FB1D12C1C2FB" box="[775,905,1183,1207]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,218,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 14. Parastethynium maxwelli (Girault), cleared, slide mounts. 6, female lateral; 7, female head dorsal; 8, female mesosoma + metasoma dorsal; 9, male body dorsal; 10, male antennae lateral; 11, male metasoma ventral; 12, male gastral apex + genitalia lateral; 13, male gastral apex ventral; 14, male genitalia ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201222/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs 12–14</figureCitation>
, 46) with long digiti, each with a long laterally projecting seta at about its mid-length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -472,16 +473,16 @@ is unknown.
<emphasis id="6FA36129C327FFEA4BD8F9151240C0FC" bold="true" box="[199,776,1687,1712]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
Biological remarks for
<emphasis id="6FA36129C327FFEA4AC4F9151240C0FC" bold="true" box="[475,776,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C327FFEA4AC4F915124CC0FC" box="[475,772,1687,1712]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">Parastethynium maxwelli</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C327FFEA4AC4F915124CC0FC" box="[475,772,1687,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">Parastethynium maxwelli</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</emphasis>
Mean development time (egg to adult) was 11 days (range 9–13). Mean number of parasitoids produced per egg mass was 57 (range 29–103) with a mean female proportion of 0.59 (range 0.00–0.72).
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C327FFEA4AD7F95D13AFC0BB" box="[456,743,1759,1783]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Parastethynium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<taxonomicName id="9AD7C6B8C327FFEA4AD7F95D13AFC0BB" box="[456,743,1759,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Parastethynium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="6FA36129C327FFEA4AD7F95D13AFC0BB" box="[456,743,1759,1783]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Parastethynium maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females lived significantly longer on honey and water, compared to water alone, and nil (χ2=11.7; P=0.008) but this did not apply to males (χ2=0.50; P=0.78) (
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA4FEBF881140FC157" box="[1268,1351,1795,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1611,1634]" captionTargetBox="[243,1322,667,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1357,637,1616]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 51. Longevity (in days) of P. maxwelli females and males when provided with Honey + Water (35 females, 13 males), Water alone (40 females, 8 males) and Nil (39 females, 9 males). Error bars are standard errors of the means." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201227/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5ECA1BEC327FFEA4FEBF881140FC157" box="[1268,1351,1795,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1611,1634]" captionTargetBox="[243,1322,667,1610]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1357,637,1616]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 51. Longevity (in days) of P. maxwelli females and males when provided with Honey + Water (35 females, 13 males), Water alone (40 females, 8 males) and Nil (39 females, 9 males). Error bars are standard errors of the means." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.201227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201227/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>