Add updates up until 2024-12-24 02:27:10

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@ -165,27 +164,25 @@ J. J. de Groot &amp; Zonn., Int. Rock Gard.
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Wild collected material from the
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is the pear-shaped bulb with stolons, non-elongated tunic without fibers, narrower lanceolate leaves and narrow, almost straight filaments (
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View file

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@ -165,26 +164,23 @@ Zonn., Pl. Syst. Evol.
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<heading id="190ADEB9B193126EB2BC0A0A1A1467A0" reason="title">Type.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B73C24932FEA8D5B3DEFB44AB0A5115">
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<collectingCountry id="CEEF2AD9D105DC344AD07A3F2A02EFE8" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
<materialsCitation id="59F1888D42154E3466E252837B9864E8" collectorName="J. J. de Groot" country="Netherlands" location="Taskora Valley" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
Grown in
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from material collected at Dzjungarian Ala-Tau,
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• Grown in the Netherlands from material collected at
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,
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, cult.
<emphasis id="110E8B824B1302881C49A12158B8AB5C" italics="true">
<collectorName id="C361FA7B74B87FFC57CAEF7D69BD9E4E">J. J. de Groot</collectorName>
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(
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L 0821329!)
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!)
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.
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@ -255,12 +251,12 @@ from Dzjungarian Ala-Tau,
<emphasis id="66284FD7972A48D91ED0AC66B8FAD106" italics="true">T. kolbintsevii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other
<taxonomicName id="DA629D628A4ED4AD4CA349D1AD73C3C8">
<taxonomicName id="DA629D628A4ED4AD4CA349D1AD73C3C8" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="7BF3ADF029FFB3C7C4C83F5C467A4352" italics="true">Tulipa</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in the section
<taxonomicName id="824D21DE27326A34D4DABF17FC9FE11F" rank="section" section="Biflores">
<taxonomicName id="824D21DE27326A34D4DABF17FC9FE11F" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Biflores">
<emphasis id="F63D20748B56BC4F694CEE61F7D8B2D7" italics="true">Biflores</emphasis>
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is that the sepals have a pilose margin at the base rather than a pilose band. This species was named in honor of V. Kolbintsev, who guided the expedition leading to discovery (
@ -272,7 +268,7 @@ is that the sepals have a pilose margin at the base rather than a pilose band. T
is diploid, with a 48.0 pg genome size, smaller than that of other species in
<emphasis id="3B92B95161333EDE4F5EB9293B5BC213" italics="true">
T. sect.
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<taxonomicName id="EC794C5426E5AA35948AF49CF1BB000F" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Biflores">Biflores</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, ranging from 51.5 to 76.3 pg (
<bibRefCitation id="A2EF4535B0259EC0AB7DDB298F20FD05" DOI="10.1007/s00606-009-0203-7" author="Zonneveld" firstAuthor="Zonneveld" issue="1-4" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pagination="217-245" refId="B81" refString="Zonneveld BJ (2009) The systematic value of nuclear genome size for “ all ” species of Tulipa L. (Liliaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 281 (14): 217245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-009-0203-7" title="The systematic value of nuclear genome size for “ all ” species of Tulipa L. (Liliaceae)." volume="281" year="2009">Zonneveld 2009</bibRefCitation>

View file

@ -1,160 +1,159 @@
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<taxonomicName id="4BCA08E596ABF8D41F277D45EE730DB6" ID-CoL="59KWJ" authority="Pall." authorityName="Pall." class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
<emphasis id="65D2B4766927D86E52FE188639A134D1" italics="true">Tulipa biflora</emphasis>
Pall., Reise Russ. Reich.
Pall.
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3: 727 (1776)
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,
<treatmentCitation id="A5A998A1EB5647449FB34778D550C5F2" author="Pall." journal="Reise Russ. Reich." page="727" score="0.003895348422251503" volume="3" year="1776">Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 727 (1776)</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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@ -165,24 +164,25 @@ Pall., Reise Russ. Reich.
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EU4CI" type="material">
<paragraph id="49C8FB1B9C975BD22269853BF1646129">
<heading id="8C8000E83D9F2721D56EC23BAAB4EFB8" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="7DD7912546AE9EF83B6A011E4F349FC1">Type</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
<heading id="8C8000E83D9F2721D56EC23BAAB4EFB8" reason="title">Type.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE8FF4750B5F69799AD461E0B302EDC5">
<materialsCitation id="6C07DF404A43E8469CE8D12A5317B4E6" collectionCode="BW" collectorName="Pallas" country="Russia" location="Described from southern Russia" specimenCode="BW 000528948" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="7404174F99D81A4E067A86B02635D2E7" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
Described from southern
<collectingCountry id="955BC8C7327DAE296627A771DCB4CF2D" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
<location id="2C8E48D80CE8B7A2B6B3E5FC20E40535" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:24AC80C5FBD0521D8A9974C66A876FB7:2C8E48D80CE8B7A2B6B3E5FC20E40535" country="Russia" name="Described from southern Russia">Described from southern Russia</location>
,
<emphasis id="E6EA61284D0CCBA428745A72D63BE3BC" italics="true">Pallas</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E6EA61284D0CCBA428745A72D63BE3BC" italics="true">
<collectorName id="EC3DE960DDB9785B1F93C4F6A9733D4A">Pallas</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
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BW 000528948) [
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designated by
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) [lectotype designated by
<bibRefCitation id="81B497A68F37A3D1BF73ED2BCF833585" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.157.1.1" author="Eker" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Eker" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="1-112" refId="B20" refString="Eker I, Babac MT, Koyuncu M (2014) Revision of the genus Tulipa L. (Liliaceae) in Turkey. Phytotaxa 157 (1): 1112. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.157.1.1" title="Revision of the genus Tulipa L. (Liliaceae) in Turkey." volume="157" year="2014">Eker et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
].
]
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EA5CI" type="distribution">
@ -262,9 +262,7 @@ The IUCN conservation status of this species requires assessment. It is included
<heading id="730AA6F6430DDFC180C2EB2170BA28F6" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5960685970589A9844604FFCF23213E1">
The species was described in 1776 by P. S. Pallas from specimens collected from the Caspian deserts. The location of the
<typeStatus id="5FFD882D66807AAB8444C226F8497F67">type</typeStatus>
specimens is unknown (
The species was described in 1776 by P. S. Pallas from specimens collected from the Caspian deserts. The location of the type specimens is unknown (
<bibRefCitation id="813FF18F8AEE3BCA98635CF525D1C002" author="Ivashchenko and Belyalov" firstAuthor="Ivashchenko" refId="B32" refString="Ivashchenko AA, Belyalov OV (2019) Kazakhstan is the birthplace of Tulips. Almaty: Atamura, 368 pp. [In Russian]" year="2019">Ivashchenko and Belyalov 2019</bibRefCitation>
). According to the latest system of
<taxonomicName id="E5093C46DBCF1B8A7E76FDE9172A289D" authority="(Christenhusz et al. 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Christenhusz" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
@ -274,7 +272,7 @@ specimens is unknown (
)
</taxonomicName>
, many species from the section
<taxonomicName id="DE9B835C3537AB38B34AE1B9A6801622" authority="A. D. Hall ex Veldkamp &amp; Zonn." authorityName="Veldkamp &amp; Zonn." rank="section" section="Biflores">
<taxonomicName id="DE9B835C3537AB38B34AE1B9A6801622" authority="A. D. Hall ex Veldkamp &amp; Zonn." authorityName="Veldkamp &amp; Zonn." class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Biflores">
<emphasis id="B419D1093EB90453AEFAFC25D0266F7D" italics="true">Biflores</emphasis>
A. D. Hall ex Veldkamp &amp; Zonn.
</taxonomicName>

View file

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Sect.
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Roth in
<bibCitation id="75AFB028AA2FFD8919BB1D0CCEB715A3" journal="Ann. Bot. (Usteri)" page="44" score="0.11534458616194238" volume="10" year="1794">Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 10: 44 (1794)</bibCitation>
.
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L.
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Sp.
<bibCitation id="27BCD30ED55C02790D6E0F38BA22F8EE" journal="Pl." page="306" score="0.2594558430405583" volume="1" year="1753">Pl. 1: 306 (1753)</bibCitation>
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Vved. ex
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Zonn. &amp; Veldkamp,
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Regel
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in Gartenflora 26: 194 (1877)
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@ -167,26 +166,23 @@ Botschantz., Bot. Mater. Gerb. Inst. Bot. Akad. Nauk Uzbeksk. SSR.
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View file

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J. de Groot &amp; Zonn., Int. Rock Gard.
J. de Groot &amp; Zonn.
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122: 7 (2020)
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.
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@ -165,15 +164,16 @@ J. de Groot &amp; Zonn., Int. Rock Gard.
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• Altai. Altai Pass, approximately
<collectingRegion id="410C65319F88645D4BF735A8B3FA8B16">Altai</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="C2558BAD650295A23CBE26F754CF0DB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88D8737A3B6E555A824409D6B1D206B5:C2558BAD650295A23CBE26F754CF0DB0" country="Kazakhstan" name="Altai Pass" stateProvince="Altai">Altai Pass</location>
, approximately
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<elevation id="4B9882268B52B6F905726296A8047BE0" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
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@ -181,7 +181,9 @@ altitude, cult.
<emphasis id="BA96413568FBF04472B38637E789E963" italics="true">
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</emphasis>
(L 3986813)
(
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)
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.
</paragraph>
@ -262,7 +264,7 @@ and
<emphasis id="E207D75E7544A7893C957E3101C0AA21" italics="true">T. patens</emphasis>
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) by the presence of short hairs on the stem, particularly on the leaf margin, and by a distinct capsule with a small dome at the apex. The authors reported that this is the only species of the sect.
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<taxonomicName id="6862EC3BA9A11A90A383F49CA0F1D250" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Biflores">
<emphasis id="1B27614F889D06B906A97F515F16BC78" italics="true">Biflores</emphasis>
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growing at an altitude of

View file

@ -1,179 +1,176 @@
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View file

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Sect.
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Regel, Trudy Imp. S. Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada
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, Trudy Imp. S. Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 266 (1877)
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.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -1,160 +1,159 @@
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1036 (
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TASH 000502!;
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!;
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View file

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Bunge, Beitr. Fl. Russl.
Bunge
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338 (1852).
, Beitr. Fl. Russl. 338 (1852).
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@ -162,23 +162,27 @@ Bunge, Beitr. Fl. Russl.
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.
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• Inter Bukhara et
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,
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<emphasis id="E3BE201EBAF4C84C386B09DEC36AA416" italics="true">s. n.</emphasis>
(
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LE;
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,
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,
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@ -245,7 +249,7 @@ part of Kyzylkum (
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differs from similar species of the subgenus
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<emphasis id="B0E1BB2A8F1C74991FEFF938E8A60DF1" italics="true">Eriostemones</emphasis>
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by its glabrous filaments of stamens (

View file

@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="EC726B6B661A0F7A9633C4429435FE0C">Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3E48A0F0EAB22E4BBB558308CFA6944D" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A26EF0647D7957ADE08545207BEF8497">Izbastina, Klara S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="273DEA7E97F482EB8471AE0BA3F1CB1F" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6418-1950</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="92CD01A38515F52AC76E9EA801DEC188">Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="ED0602B2AD3F5ED18E5F2C4B25E51DFC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="175FF3CFBAD4D0E4375407E3AC54DB25">
<mods:roleTerm id="75C1A623D061EEADDC6202351E91B84F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="41D4472F3731AEC6D097C40A26176513">Idrissova, Zhansaya T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="521723399A06610605843A6F5F488DAC" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3231-8518</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1A74B1A4D5F20844883A52853441AA87">Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F04A9335E99F57FE8CCAE3714A158AB2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="28186196917ECF388F9D106E35030E3D">
<mods:roleTerm id="77440E9BADA47B3FEC2F001F5A9A6AAC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="20A21918A458E616E906818822DCA10C">Mukhtubayeva, Saule K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D6B90C4E928B95B5A0EE1A61DBD18251" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5921-3113</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EAF9963E41C64A7061E005AAFD22BC08">Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="54643C3802D981038D6CB2770DAFB5EC">Abubakirova, Nurganym B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CB5FECAC9C22BE17BD23D73A4CCE66E7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7503-0955</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="318E95173E55995B63F85A55E7761187">Astana Botanical Garden, Astana 010016, Kazakhstan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D425DBFAB405F14F37F4AD8BBE3856D9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9687C2917E01F9E21C5FF3C1C4A2FB12">Gil, Hee-Young</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="375B8C09A2E9507D4E8AE6E956D77B70" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3714-0827</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2D0718F9CD32FA6ED66E7E307F01BC6F">Department of Forest Biodiversity and Herbarium, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="27E4D0134AF09C191A8A788A4ADD7D47">Choi, Hyeok Jae</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="936EAD338A20E691E5C9B54D98E00F6B" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6315-0071</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DDB52C2B5B5D16B329AE06967CB72111">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="FE004F20C5A456150E209F04C189F125">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DA3E6AB13792B8887DF33FBA41DB23A3">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C88530F410D874323EA5CB6D608D9317">
<mods:date id="1C2E39EABC6605F157F2513AC2E3E1FF">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DA5A027581A53001410D877B75AAB89C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="734A751B663904A9144EE55A39E6FE22">2024-12-23</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="8FD173094A7B0E23182EC91D805EA81B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C29D0B896719D314CC6287D26463ACE9">250</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="59F0FDE7BC15C7FD2AB360195412A8E8">95</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="D810C1ED601B2A5D097A560FB5B6EDCC">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="78F32A9F26DEDB2A509CC04FFB0D3380" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.250.136736</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="A3CFC93A554E524DBF15A6C04117AF4F" ID-arpha="A3CFC93A-554E-524D-BF15-A6C04117AF4F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A3CFC93A554E524DBF15A6C04117AF4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A3CFC93A554E524DBF15A6C04117AF4F" scope_family="Liliaceae" scope_section="Tulipa" scope_subGenus="Tulipa">
<subSubSection id="9C5B93CDC52EFECF951C77057EF688B2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3DA4095909C853DC1DC03B8F70378067">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="50A3037A4BE042D52C7888AA1D4DC0CC">
<taxonomicName id="77FCB3A43E969D5CE31FAAE0B7749277" ID-CoL="59L7G" authority="(L.) Besser ex Baker" authorityName="Baker" baseAuthorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflora">
<emphasis id="70CAB2031240BC2B417442A48F062ED1" italics="true">Tulipa uniflora</emphasis>
(L.) Besser ex
<bibCitation id="98E33116F7EEF40DB28B8A4A34BA689B" author="Baker" journal="J. Linn. Soc., Bot." page="295" score="21.385408720746693" volume="14" year="1874">
Baker,
<treatmentCitation id="29A15FB4E113739093DEAD92823A2238" author="Baker" journal="J. Linn. Soc., Bot." page="295" score="21.385408720746693" volume="14" year="1874">
<bibCitation id="9010E83104EB16681055EF9B8550EE04" journal="J. Linn. Soc., Bot." page="295" score="21.385408720746693" volume="14" year="1874">J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 295 (1874)</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</bibCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BFA3B4EEF919259F03B39893983E4564" type="description">
<paragraph id="1902A966744B55CFCB0F602FB84828BA">
<figureCitation id="E065F56B9F25CE733D2DE42FB2835BAB" captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Tulipa uniflora in Kazakhstan A general habits B flowers. (Photos: A, B by Sh. Baasanmunkh)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.250.136736.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1206000">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGFGK" type="material">
<paragraph id="CFC5B120082D047EA28AEE4E985D8F1E">
<heading id="DF1CD898F7BE7A4EC1455253F5CBFAEE" reason="title">Type.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3207B6FCB69FB218AA07CE04C8147A6D">
<materialsCitation id="8CF010EE516FAF43F58FD5E29896F3ED" collectionCode="LE" collectorName="E. Laxmann" country="Russia" location="In Siberiae montis Sini Sopka" specimenCode="K-000844631" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="neotype">
<collectingCountry id="0DAA338AC8C50B4723386A905C5BC997" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
• “
<location id="FA213757652C3068F0377E522E48EC54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A3CFC93A554E524DBF15A6C04117AF4F:FA213757652C3068F0377E522E48EC54" country="Russia" name="In Siberiae montis Sini Sopka">In Siberiae montis Sini Sopka</location>
”,
<emphasis id="2E9E7A11C5B2541E5AED33120FCDF444" italics="true">
<collectorName id="DB7A89481514491113D6C143B8B9565D">E. Laxmann</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="81F05C9186341431B996141EE342459E">LE</collectionCode>
;
<typeStatus id="8BBD8B32EB03DA8E9A5C7DDBF3B987A0" type="isoneotype">isoneotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="58CC9BDB04C72FF8C469374A697E5908">K-000844631</specimenCode>
) [
<typeStatus id="931DABB1832FEC6217E9DFF35ACB64DA" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
designated by
<bibRefCitation id="F4B2759FAB6866059C467800E244E659" author="Levichev IG" journalOrPublisher="Botanicheskii Zhurnal" pagination="77-92" refId="B41" refString="Levichev IG (1997) The review of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) in the flora of the Far East. Botanicheskii Zhurnal 82: 77 - 92. [In Russian]" title="The review of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) in the flora of the Far East." volume="82" year="1997">Levichev, 1997</bibRefCitation>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERFGK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E26F47BB155B4CDBFB9BFF02CE5EA4E5">
<heading id="AE0A7894C91A028BF98F890F7BAAEBBC" reason="title">General distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6FEADA4A6B50CB93A62DA4D366EEE741">
<collectingCountry id="F37DB999500F7B40DBBB91093E3DD55E" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="43E5BD5338D8E15FD4B7C4F3A4AAA2B2" country="China" name="Nei Mongol">Inner Mongolia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="DCAF044EA6E00BB8FD7071C3126A889E" country="China" name="Xinjiang Uygur">Xinjiang</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="50760A50D1C307EA065512D5F43603BA" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="677DC09FFB6AA8A34A7BD8F68DC80C4D" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="882CD66AFC1154DBCCEA2113A949BBC6" country="Russia" name="Altay">Altay</collectingRegion>
, Chita,
<collectingRegion id="45B69422C7CD74F02814E9B25AF92B90" country="Russia" name="Irkutsk">Irkutsk</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="02C67B448F02DA73ECDF9E94070D0986" country="Russia" name="Krasnoyarsk">Krasnoyarsk</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="D24C7DEA05C80A2A51D74699F74D1650" country="Russia" name="Tyva">Tuva</collectingRegion>
), and
<collectingCountry id="8CF1421069A190898D941B0315D6B9BC" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B83FD728BB00054BDD278EA771A19DA9" DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.192.79702" author="Baasanmunkh" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Baasanmunkh" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pagination="63-169" refId="B7" refString="Baasanmunkh S, Urgamal M, Oyuntsetseg B, Sukhorukov AP, Tsegmed Z, Son DC, Erst A, Oyundelger K, Kechaykin AA, Norris J, Kosachev P, Ma J-S, Chang KS, Choi HJ (2022) Flora of Mongolia: Annotated checklist of native vascular plants. PhytoKeys 192: 63169. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.192.79702" title="Flora of Mongolia: Annotated checklist of native vascular plants." volume="192" year="2022">Baasanmunkh et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2FGK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F257A36BD7635EBA0C623CF46B773425">
<heading id="85A991366796A3437116EE5F1AEB2DF1" reason="title">
Distribution in
<collectingCountry id="D4947DCB268D0220FCFD31B554E64347" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
and habitat.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="76532848491A5788BCC484170941B12F">
<collectingRegion id="596475947C65D1AF6B6B781813FD914D" country="Russia" name="Altay">Altai</collectingRegion>
, Tarbagatay, and Zaysan. This species grows in sandy places, gravelly slopes, and as shrubs from desert foothills to the upper belt of mountains.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EAGGK" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="DF2D473EAFAC993F467885264E5A81B9">
<heading id="017B0398C17AF5A0BFAFEABBB0709D8C" reason="title">Conservation status.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C654977F862739B21AE5F224C59B3B89">
<taxonomicName id="7E215F264DD568C4DA625B260F1A9847" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflora">
<emphasis id="15C12B99A74D443053FFDAFC33707A27" italics="true">Tulipa uniflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a near threatened species at the global level (
<bibRefCitation id="3CA6FAD26BCCB3C835DDF4831BC749AF" refId="B28" refString="IUCN (2024) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. https://www.iucnredlist.org [accessed 18 June 2024]" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org" year="2024">IUCN 2024</bibRefCitation>
); it is included in the Red Book of
<collectingCountry id="89A53794433EB37CDC95F193C6286BC5" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
(Category
<collectionCode id="B87829AB19638276232E4820CE6BF80D">III</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVGGK" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="29DF308246AC0B3D21B13DD0E0AA4E79">
<heading id="3694DC03A1CFD47F255C26336D508387" reason="title">Phenology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A878C491F67E80A940A4F9DE53CC9F50">Flowering in April May; fruiting June July.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1GGK" type="notes">
<paragraph id="983DDD4FC948C4B85FAA9F9245387CD4">
<heading id="C1055F4F621D679F6EBC93ADE9359C04" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7CC6EBD6B65EE2B6A6B553577F784F40">
This species was first described by Linnaeus in 1767 as
<taxonomicName id="158F5232F8A68CB233CDDB2F392B5DFA" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Ornithogalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflorum">
<emphasis id="D4360DBC0119B51C7368D96A6060FF5D" italics="true">Ornithogalum uniflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. from specimens collected from the
<collectingRegion id="27559BE698DFCB8B5AE5A206BE3C9FA0" country="Russia" name="Altay">Altai</collectingRegion>
Mountains.
<bibRefCitation id="9E14F148E814DBF877E0056A52BAE783" author="Don D [Ed.]" firstAuthor="Don" journalOrPublisher="Ridgway, London" refId="B19" refString="Don D [Ed.] (1836) Orithyia uniflora. The British Flower Garden, ser. 2, 4. Ridgway, London, 336 pp." title="Orithyia uniflora. The British Flower Garden, ser. 2, 4." year="1836">Don (1836)</bibRefCitation>
described the new genus
<taxonomicName id="009FE9E0E90039E2EA28FB6C02541625" authority="D. Don." authorityName="D. Don." class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Orithyia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C756B99BC1EBCBD63CBDDD4E3DD79B01" italics="true">Orithyia</emphasis>
D. Don.
</taxonomicName>
from specimens of
<taxonomicName id="9E8B8C7600AE3CB761403C437C367AF1" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Ornithogalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflorum">
<emphasis id="1629FAD14A24910F088E93453E0684E9" italics="true">Ornithogalum uniflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It was not until 1874 that Ch. Bassey assigned this species to
<taxonomicName id="AC8A86F53E3C429EA27E415B91F2578B" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="20CBDEBE3F28748F2ED89DEC3FB75BF7" italics="true">Tulipa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="9AB468FEDEF899F6AF0B5DF8842003CF" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflora">
<emphasis id="A209D63FB35FFA0E2F68160AE3781C3E" italics="true">Tulipa uniflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="F069AE6E22527FFE3EE721DB5545AD85" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heteropetala">
<emphasis id="63EE0A726D14D8339D8A8053D2BB8370" italics="true">T. heteropetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; their differences are outlined in the description of
<taxonomicName id="20AB94378DADB90B5FF6C91E937CE375" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heteropetala">
<emphasis id="21850462F4CFA004D6573F5B6CB8861D" italics="true">T. heteropetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
above.
</paragraph>
<caption id="32852E14DBDB1D18F860A6DC0A036F4D" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.250.136736.figure45" ID-arpha="2637E52D-B38B-5630-A575-440760860197" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1206000" startId="F45">
<paragraph id="B61501ABE3D5040D4D020858D0B3FB82">
<label id="783FFE3E174B981B257B2C777E0B57FB">Figure 45.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="005DF90E49FC7D19D8F868078675BF8F">
<taxonomicName id="A8E8479897DACC24FD363AEFC58B4335" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uniflora">
<emphasis id="F3E3FC7C76A913047AC9B32FFF54991B" italics="true">Tulipa uniflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Kazakhstan
<emphasis id="5A7AB9517AFEDF4DDC86814AFE50EC21" bold="true">A</emphasis>
general habits
<emphasis id="6633CD543C4C83A9ACF9EE3B836951E9" bold="true">B</emphasis>
flowers. (Photos:
<emphasis id="82CD5B01B57968E33092A768721D7E80" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
by Sh. Baasanmunkh).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,160 +1,159 @@
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@ -161,13 +161,10 @@ J. J. de Groot &amp; Zonn.
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• Vegetative progeny of wild collected material grown in the collection of
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@ -175,7 +172,8 @@ J. J. de Groot &amp; Zonn.
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@ -241,7 +239,7 @@ but differs in size and by bulb with gray-brown tunica, characteristic of the Tu
has a large genome size (60.7 pg) compared with other species of
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View file

@ -1,160 +1,159 @@
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View file

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<emphasis id="19ADF91AF5B2D68686CD14B6410BEF52" italics="true">Tulipa lemmersii</emphasis>
Zonn., Peterse &amp; J. de Groot, Pl. Syst. Evol.
Zonn., Peterse &amp; J. de Groot
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298: 91 (2012)
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,
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.
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@ -165,21 +164,23 @@ Zonn., Peterse &amp; J. de Groot, Pl. Syst. Evol.
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<typeStatus id="ACE54E8E7F625F71C9AA51555D35C64A">Type</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
<heading id="B87EEEB633A8986B2CC47218BED0CE34" reason="title">Type.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9FB97495B756E36172C9808E2715740">
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<materialsCitation id="31D469AFD0BC82F4EC9DE4A1A878D66F" collectionCode="L" collectorName="A. Peterse" country="Kazakhstan" location="Mashad Pass" municipality="Chimkent" specimenCode="L 0822655" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="8D4567663E75D13156CC529A5EF2A692" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
• Chimkent: Mashad Pass, cult.
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:
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, cult.
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(
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L 0822655)
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@ -256,18 +257,16 @@ can be distinguished from
by its glabrous stems, thin tunic, and single flowers. It can be distinguished from other species of the
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T. sect.
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as they have mostly red and yellow flowers. It is a diploid species with the smallest genome size (36 pg) among all species in the section
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<emphasis id="FD3ACD2283C2B4AAF87BC0BEEB601D55" italics="true">Kolpakowskianae</emphasis>
(
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. The species was later validated using
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. The species was later validated using type designation in 2012 (
<bibRefCitation id="CD6B3DFC9149FEBAA4F71F459C04B6FD" DOI="10.1007/s00606-011-0525-0" author="Veldkamp and Zonneveld" firstAuthor="Veldkamp" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pagination="87-92" refId="B70" refString="Veldkamp JF, Zonneveld BJ (2012) The infrageneric nomenclature of Tulipa L. Plant Systematics and Evolution 298 (1): 8792. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-011-0525-0" title="The infrageneric nomenclature of Tulipa L." volume="298" year="2012">Veldkamp and Zonneveld 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>

View file

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<collectingRegion id="A59166393A6EED4B85360B70A10ED93B">Tashkent district</collectingRegion>
<materialsCitation id="EC7C5EED06C259F9D1102568ABC38DBF" collectingDate="1909-06-10" collectorName="Z. von Minkwitz" county="Chotan" location="Chotan river" municipality="Kashka-su" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="8EA8298CB59BD80E997992AA15E9A18F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5101DF7CB9556FF8F11F8B9934605DA:8EA8298CB59BD80E997992AA15E9A18F" county="Chotan" municipality="Kashka-su" name="Chotan river">Chotan river</location>
gorge, slope near the confluence of
<collectingMunicipality id="B96018CC3FB9C7DF714241DD75118605">Kashka-su</collectingMunicipality>
brook into
<collectingCounty id="431E956290AB9F071A63B8324B52B031">Chotan</collectingCounty>
<collectingMunicipality id="23550CC8D06B6D0D98F1B2D1186D5688">Chotan river gorge</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="C22526DD7AF5E093192A1E9B6488F470" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5101DF7CB9556FF8F11F8B9934605DA:C22526DD7AF5E093192A1E9B6488F470" county="Chotan" municipality="Chotan river gorge" name="slope near the confluence of Kashka-su brook into Chotan" stateProvince="Tashkent district">slope near the confluence of Kashka-su brook into Chotan</location>
,
<date id="9AF71B8EBB6E0C13DAC60B5882B18C15" value="1909-06-10">
<collectingDate id="B0A342E98CF9EB6CB239F2C7B48A3C0A" value="1909-06-10">10 June 1909</collectingDate>
@ -191,7 +183,8 @@ brook into
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="127671B3D4DADAC8D4B59BE8EAE683A5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
LE 00053022!)
<specimenCode id="4544CA62CEBE5F14A2B2C6CC70C4BF03">LE 00053022</specimenCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,616 @@
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<mods:title id="CD073EACB33EF0364499386F0DA8048D">Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="11A6652BD042FFD11DB23611FE2CFCAA" box="[132,463,807,831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11DB23611FE2CFCAA" blockId="2.[132,756,807,954]" box="[132,463,807,831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11DB23611FF2FFCAA" bold="true" box="[132,204,807,831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Genus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11DE53611FE2CFCAA" ID-CoL="8VT7R" authority="Fabricius, 1807" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1807" box="[211,463,807,831]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11DE53611FEC2FCAA" bold="true" box="[211,289,807,831]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Acraea</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1807
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD042FFD11DB23673FDA5FCC8" box="[132,582,837,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11DB23673FDA5FCC8" blockId="2.[132,756,807,954]" box="[132,582,837,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
Type-species
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11C213673FDA5FCC8" authority="Linneus, 1764" authorityName="Linneus" authorityYear="1764" box="[279,582,837,861]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="horta">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11C213673FE44FCC8" box="[279,423,837,861]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Papilio horta</emphasis>
Linneus, 1764
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD042FFD11DB23652FBFAFA82" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11DB23652FEA5FC2F" blockId="2.[132,756,807,954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
Synonyms:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11C273652FDB8FCE9" authority="Mabille, 1887" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1887" box="[273,603,868,892]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Asterinaceae" genus="Aphanopeltis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Asterinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11C273652FE7DFCE9" box="[273,414,868,892]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Aphanopeltis</emphasis>
Mabille, 1887
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11F433652FED7FC0E" authority="Mabille, 1887" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1887" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Phanopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11F433652FD17FCE9" box="[629,756,868,892]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Phanopeltis</emphasis>
Mabille, 1887
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11C6336B5FD62FC0E" authority="Mabille, 1887" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1887" box="[341,641,899,923]" class="Pinopsida" family="Czekanowskiaceae" genus="Solenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11C6336B5FE56FC0E" box="[341,437,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Solenites</emphasis>
Mabille, 1887
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11F9536B2FEA1FC2F" authority="Fruhstorfer, 1914" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Miyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11F9536B2FD17FC0E" box="[675,756,900,923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Miyana</emphasis>
Fruhstorfer, 1914
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0DC36628D042FFD11DB2318FFE5AFAB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14119316" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14119316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14119316/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" startId="2.[132,200,1209,1230]" targetBox="[135,749,980,1176]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11DB2318FFE5AFAB4" blockId="2.[132,757,1208,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11DB2318FFF3FFB5B" bold="true" box="[132,220,1209,1230]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Figure 2</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11DCF318EFE99FB5B" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1764" box="[249,378,1208,1230]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horta">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11DCF318EFE99FB5B" box="[249,378,1208,1230]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Acraea horta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(male), the type species of the genus. Left upper side. Right underside. Wingspan: 52 mm. Golden Gate Highlands National Park, Free State Province, South Africa. 9 January 2001. M.C. Williams.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11DB23076FD5EFA03" blockId="2.[132,756,1344,1430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
This is a predominantly Afrotropical genus of 31 mediumto large-sized species, four of which occur in the
<collectingRegion id="9B78F842D042FFD11FAA3069FD10FAE2" box="[668,755,1375,1399]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Orientale" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Oriental</collectingRegion>
and Australian Regions. The lineage arose ~ 16 Mya.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11DB23083FBCDFE56" blockId="2.[132,756,1461,2129]" lastBlockId="2.[832,1455,120,451]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11DB23083FF5CFA58" bold="true" box="[132,191,1461,1485]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Body</emphasis>
: Head large, broad and hairy. Antennae shorter than half length of forewing, averaging 45% (41-48%) of forewing for both sexes. Palpi 1
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D042FFD11CDB30C6FE1AFA6B" attach="left" box="[493,505,1520,1534]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">st</superScript>
joint twice as long as broad, 2
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D042FFD11DD53339FF17F988" attach="left" box="[227,244,1551,1565]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">nd</superScript>
joint three times longer than first joint and terminal joint minute, oval. All joints hairy. Thorax short, compressed laterally, hairy and scaly. Abdomen long, extending just beyond outer edge of hindwings, laterally compressed, broader distally.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11CFC33BAFE1CF931" bold="true" box="[458,511,1676,1700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Legs</emphasis>
: Anterior legs slender and less than half length of pterothoracic legs; tarsi of male single joint without spines, female tarsi five jointed with spines on each except last, no terminal spine. Pterothoracic legs robust, external claw of male furrowed on inner surface, terminal claws asymmetrical.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11F083213FD0EF8A8" bold="true" box="[574,749,1829,1853]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Wing venation</emphasis>
: Radial veins of forewing not stalked; R1 branching off from cell rather than stalked. Cell of hindwing slightly more than half of total wing length. Markings: Hindwing with a row of four spots below the apex, three across the centre and two across mid-cell (4-3-2 configuration). These spots may be absent or coalesced into a single patch or into two patches. Hyaline areas and hyaline patches present. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing upper side.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11DF43D0FFE88F7C4" bold="true" box="[194,363,2105,2129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Male genitalia</emphasis>
: Uncus beak-shaped and elongate, acute or bifid at tip; aedeagus long, narrow and needle like; sclerotized and modified 8th sternite present, distally lobed velum, may have distal tooth; valves subtriangular, pronounced dorsally; juxta elongate, triangular, weakly sclerotized; vinculum fairly broad; saccus small.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1186A35C5FC41FEBF" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Female genitalia</emphasis>
: Anal lobes small, posterior apophyses slightly longer than lobes; sterigma usually taking the form of a large plate; ostium centrally or posteriorly placed; ductus short and sclerotized; bursa ovoid or spherical; single pair of signa, very small or absent. Sphragis present except in
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E76349CFC6DFE57" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="1871" box="[832,910,426,450]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="satis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E76349CFC6DFE57" box="[832,910,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">A. satis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11E7634D4FBFAFA82" blockId="2.[831,1456,482,1303]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E7634D4FC36FE6F" bold="true" box="[832,981,482,506]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Early stages</emphasis>
: Egg ovoid; almost as broad as high, sometimes taller; laid in clusters. Larvae gregarious. Pupa often extensively marked with black.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD119EF3716FA4BFDAD" bold="true" box="[1241,1448,544,568]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Host plant genera</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E763709FC75FDC3" box="[832,918,575,598]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E763709FC75FDC3" box="[832,918,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Rinorea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(7 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119063708FB7EFDC3" box="[1072,1181,574,598]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD119063708FB7EFDC3" box="[1072,1181,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Passiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD118013708FA4AFDC3" box="[1335,1449,574,598]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Corchorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD118013708FA4AFDC3" box="[1335,1449,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Corchorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E76376BFC74FDE1" box="[832,919,605,628]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Turnera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E76376BFC74FDE1" box="[832,919,605,628]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Turnera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E95376AFBF5FDE1" box="[931,1046,604,628]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Kiggelaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E95376AFBF5FDE1" box="[931,1046,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Kiggelaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11971376AFB71FDE1" box="[1095,1170,604,628]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Adenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11971376AFB71FDE1" box="[1095,1170,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Adenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2 records each). There are single records for
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11917374AFB51FD06" box="[1057,1202,636,659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Gymnosporia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11917374AFB51FD06" box="[1057,1202,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Gymnosporia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119FC374DFAC4FD06" box="[1226,1319,635,659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Lauridia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD119FC374DFAC4FD06" box="[1226,1319,635,659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Lauridia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11876374AFA4AFD06" box="[1344,1449,636,659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Rawsonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11876374AFA4AFD06" box="[1344,1449,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Rawsonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E0937ADFC70FD27" box="[831,915,667,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Premna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E0937ADFC70FD27" box="[831,915,667,690]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Premna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11EF637ACFBBDFD27" box="[960,1118,666,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Smeathmannia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11EF637ACFBBDFD27" box="[960,1118,666,690]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Smeathmannia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119BC37ACFAFFFD24" box="[1162,1308,666,689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Ceratiosicyos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD119BC37ACFAFFFD24" box="[1162,1308,666,689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Ceratiosicyos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1187E37ACFA4BFD27" box="[1352,1448,666,690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Guthriea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1187E37ACFA4BFD27" box="[1352,1448,666,690]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Guthriea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E09378FFC43FD44" box="[831,928,697,721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E09378FFC43FD44" box="[831,928,697,721]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Camellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11EF5378FFBDAFD45" box="[963,1081,697,720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11EF5378FFBDAFD45" box="[963,1081,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Gossypium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1196A378FFB6EFD45" box="[1116,1165,697,720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Vitis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1196A378FFB6EFD45" box="[1116,1165,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Vitis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11998378FFAEBFD45" box="[1198,1288,697,720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Barteria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11998378FFAEBFD45" box="[1198,1288,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Barteria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1181D378FFA4AFD44" box="[1323,1449,697,721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Basananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1181D378FFA4AFD44" box="[1323,1449,697,721]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Basananthe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E0937E1FC7FFD7A" box="[831,924,727,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E0937E1FC7FFD7A" box="[831,924,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Hibiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E8237E1FBCBFD7A" box="[948,1064,727,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Hybanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E8237E1FBCBFD7A" box="[948,1064,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Hybanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1190937EEFB7FFD7A" box="[1087,1180,728,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1190937EEFB7FFD7A" box="[1087,1180,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Ipomoea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1198237EEFAFEFD7A" box="[1204,1309,728,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Nicotiana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1198237EEFAFEFD7A" box="[1204,1309,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Nicotiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1180237E1FA4AFD7A" box="[1332,1449,727,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Tricliceras" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1180237E1FA4AFD7A" box="[1332,1449,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Tricliceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E7637C1FC43FC9B" box="[832,928,759,782]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Putranjivaceae" genus="Drypetes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E7637C1FC43FC9B" box="[832,928,759,782]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Drypetes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E8B37C0FBCFFC9B" box="[957,1068,758,782]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Tylophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E8B37C0FBCFFC9B" box="[957,1068,758,782]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Tylophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119B437C0FAE9FC9B" box="[1154,1290,758,782]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Scepocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD119B437C0FAE9FC9B" box="[1154,1290,758,782]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Scepocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1181E37C0FC7AFCB8" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Host plant families</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E903622FBF3FCB9" box="[934,1040,788,812]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Violaceae</taxonomicName>
(7 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119A13622FACCFCB9" box="[1175,1327,788,812]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Passifloraceae</taxonomicName>
(4 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E763602FC27FCDE" box="[832,964,820,843]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Turneraceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11ECE3605FB98FCDE" box="[1016,1147,819,843]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Achariaceae</taxonomicName>
(3 records each),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1180D3605FA4DFCDE" box="[1339,1454,819,843]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
(2 records). Single records for
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD118143664FA48FCFF" box="[1314,1451,850,874]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Celastraceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E763647FB68FC1C" authority=", Verbenceae" authorityName="Verbenceae" box="[832,1163,881,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Flacourtiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Flacourtiaceae, Verbenceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119813647FAFCFC1C" box="[1207,1311,881,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Theaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1187D3647FA48FC1C" box="[1355,1451,881,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E7636B9FC0DFC32" box="[832,1006,911,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Convolvulaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1190836B9FB5AFC32" box="[1086,1209,911,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1183C36B9FA48FC32" box="[1290,1451,911,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E763698FC2CFC53" box="[832,975,942,966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119063698FB45FC53" box="[1072,1190,942,966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Urticaceae</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD119F13698FA44FC53" bold="true" box="[1223,1447,942,966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Habitats (biomes)</emphasis>
: Predominantly a forest genus, with one species in arid savanna. Wet forest (10 spp.), submontane and montane forest (4 spp.), coastal forest (3 spp.), dry forest (4 spp.), woodland (4 spp.), savanna (
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119BB311FFAE5FBD4" box="[1165,1286,1065,1089]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neobule">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD119BB311FFAE5FBD4" box="[1165,1286,1065,1089]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">A. neobule</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and very dry savanna (
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E9A3171FBFDFBCA" box="[940,1054,1095,1119]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Adenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brainei">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E9A3171FBFDFBCA" box="[940,1054,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">A. brainei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1190D3171FAC7FBCA" bold="true" box="[1083,1316,1095,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Geographical range</emphasis>
: The genus occurs throughout the Afrotropical Region and there are four species in the Oriental and Australian regions. On the mainland the genus is best represented in east-central Africa (
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D042FFD11EA431F4FC1BFB4F" box="[914,1016,1218,1242]" name="Tanzania" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, southern and eastern
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D042FFD119DE31F4FAC2FB4F" box="[1256,1313,1218,1242]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">DRC</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D042FFD1181831F4FA62FB4F" box="[1326,1409,1218,1242]" name="Uganda" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Uganda</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D042FFD11E7631D6FC64FB6D" box="[832,903,1248,1272]" name="Kenya" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Kenya</collectingCountry>
) and west-central Africa (
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D042FFD119F831D6FAC1FB6D" box="[1230,1314,1248,1272]" name="Nigeria" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D042FFD1180F31D6FA48FB6D" box="[1337,1451,1248,1272]" name="Cameroon" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D042FFD11E7631C9FC64FA82" box="[832,903,1279,1303]" name="Gabon" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Gabon</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D042FFD11E8C31C9FBEEFA82" box="[954,1037,1279,1303]" name="Angola" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Angola</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD042FFD01E763001FF1CFE15" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11E763001FC4EFADA" blockId="2.[832,941,1335,1359]" box="[832,941,1335,1359]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E763001FC4EFADA" bold="true" box="[832,941,1335,1359]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11E76305BFA85F9EE" blockId="2.[832,1455,1389,1659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
Facies: In the genus
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1192E305BFB86FA10" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1807" box="[1048,1125,1389,1413]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1192E305BFB86FA10" box="[1048,1125,1389,1413]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Acraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the hindwing has a row of four spots below the apex, three across the centre and two across mid-cell (4-3-2 configuration). In the other African genera the spots in the row below the apex are joined to the central row creating a discontinuous arrangement of spots (7:2 configuration). These spots may be coalesced into a single patch or into two patches. Hyaline areas and hyaline patches present on fore- and hindwings. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing upper side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD11E7633ADFA9AF832" blockId="2.[831,1456,1690,1959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
It would be pertinent to mention here that as the
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1186533ACFA4CF927" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1833" box="[1363,1455,1690,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Acraeini">Acraeini</taxonomicName>
are both models and mimics, and in particular they mimic themselves, various patterns can be found repeated across several of the genera. Examples would be
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1183033C0FA4BF89B" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[1286,1448,1782,1806]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quirina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1183033C0FA4BF89B" box="[1286,1448,1782,1806]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Acraea quirina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E093223FC0EF8B8" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[831,1005,1813,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerasa">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E093223FC0EF8B8" box="[831,1005,1813,1837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Rubraea cerasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1191C3223FB00F8B8" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1066,1251,1813,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Telchinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orestia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1191C3223FB00F8B8" box="[1066,1251,1813,1837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Telchinia orestia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; also
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1181D3223FA4AF8B8" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1323,1449,1813,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Tildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zetes">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1181D3223FA4AF8B8" box="[1323,1449,1813,1837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Tildia zetes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E763205FC3FF8DE" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[832,988,1843,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E763205FC3FF8DE" box="[832,988,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Rubraea egina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11EDF3205FB40F8DE" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1001,1187,1843,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rogersi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11EDF3205FB40F8DE" box="[1001,1187,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Stephenia rogersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119E33205FA4BF8DE" baseAuthorityName="Ward" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[1237,1448,1843,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Telchinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharsalus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD119E33205FA4BF8DE" box="[1237,1448,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Telchinia pharsalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These Müllerian mimicry rings are found throughout all the genera of
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E9A3247FBE4F81C" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1833" box="[940,1031,1905,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Acraeini">Acraeini</taxonomicName>
and could lead to some confusion with regard to the use of facies in establishing a diagnosis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D042FFD01E7632F0FD08FEDD" blockId="2.[832,1455,1990,2107]" lastBlockId="3.[132,756,118,328]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
Genitalia: The male genitalia in all
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD119D632F0FACEF84B" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1807" box="[1248,1325,1990,2014]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD119D632F0FACEF84B" box="[1248,1325,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Acraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have extra modifications. In the
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD1191232D3FBBDF868" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1764" box="[1060,1118,2021,2045]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horta">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD1191232D3FBBDF868" box="[1060,1118,2021,2045]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">horta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group the 8
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D042FFD1180232D5FAA2F864" attach="left" box="[1332,1345,2019,2033]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">th</superScript>
sternite is modified to form a protective plate called a velum. In the
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D042FFD11E763D15FC24F7AE" authorityName="Grose-Smith" authorityYear="1887" box="[832,967,2083,2107]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="machequena">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D042FFD11E763D15FC24F7AE" box="[832,967,2083,2107]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">machequena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group the valves are strongly incurved, forming a claw. In the
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01CD4354FFDF0FF05" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="1871" box="[482,531,121,144]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="satis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01CD4354FFDF0FF05" box="[482,531,121,144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">satis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group the 8
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D043FFD01FD13540FD17FF11" attach="right" box="[743,756,118,132]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">th</superScript>
tergite is produced into a pseudouncus, with the rest reduced in size. In the
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01C4A3583FE3AFF58" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1865" box="[380,473,181,205]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="admatha">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01C4A3583FE3AFF58" box="[380,473,181,205]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">admatha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group the juxta is articulated by a transtilla and connected by an elongate sclerite. In the
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01C1135C5FE96FE9F" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[295,373,243,266]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quirina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01C1135C5FE96FE9F" box="[295,373,243,266]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">quirina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group the uncus is divided into two hooks as large as the valves. The female genitalia have the sterigma usually taking the form of a large plate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB2345EFF1CFE15" blockId="3.[132,255,360,384]" box="[132,255,360,384]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB2345EFF1CFE15" bold="true" box="[132,255,360,384]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Species list</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD043FFD01DB234A9FE4BF9D1" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB234A9FE1FFE23" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,508,414,439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB234A9FE1FFE23" authority="Hewitson, [1865]" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1865" box="[132,508,414,439]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="admatha">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB234A9FEDAFE22" bold="true" box="[132,313,415,439]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea admatha</emphasis>
Hewitson, [1865]
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB2348BFE2CFE61" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB2348BFDC0FE40" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[132,547,445,469]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andromacha">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB2348BFE87FE40" bold="true" box="[132,356,445,469]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea andromacha</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1775)
</taxonomicName>
Extralimital
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB234EAFE2CFE61" authority="Wichgraf, 1914" authorityName="Wichgraf" authorityYear="1914" box="[132,463,476,500]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="boopis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB234EAFEC3FE61" bold="true" box="[132,288,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea boopis</emphasis>
Wichgraf, 1914
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DD234CCFD98FD87" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[228,635,506,530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DD234CCFD98FD87" authority="Wichgraf, 1914" authorityName="Wichgraf" authorityYear="1914" box="[228,635,506,530]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="boopis" subSpecies="boopis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DD234CCFE2EFD87" box="[228,461,506,530]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea boopis boopis</emphasis>
Wichgraf, 1914
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DD2372FFDDFFDA4" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[228,572,537,561]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DD2372FFDDFFDA4" authority="Pierre, 1979" authorityName="Pierre" authorityYear="1979" box="[228,572,537,561]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="boopis" subSpecies="ama">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DD2372FFE57FDA4" box="[228,436,537,561]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea boopis ama</emphasis>
Pierre, 1979
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DD2370EFDBCFDC5" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[228,607,568,592]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DD2370EFDBCFDC5" authority="Pierre, 1979" authorityName="Pierre" authorityYear="1979" box="[228,607,568,592]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="boopis" subSpecies="choloui">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DD2370EFE35FDC5" box="[228,470,568,592]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea boopis choloui</emphasis>
Pierre, 1979
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23761FE2EFDFB" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,461,598,623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23761FE2EFDFB" authority="Henning, 1986" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1986" box="[132,461,598,623]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brainei">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23761FEC4FDFA" bold="true" box="[132,295,599,623]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea brainei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D043FFD01C183760FE2EFDFB" author="HENNING, G. A." box="[302,461,598,622]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" pagination="29 - 37" refId="ref15630" refString="HENNING, G. A., 1986. A new species of Acraea F. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from South West Africa (Namibia) with revisional notes on the Acraea horta (L.) species group. Journal of the entomological Society of southern Africa 49 (1): 29 - 37." type="journal article" year="1986">Henning, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23743FE3BFD18" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,472,629,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23743FE3BFD18" authority="(Drury, 1773)" baseAuthorityName="Drury" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[132,472,629,653]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camaena">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23743FEDFFD18" bold="true" box="[132,316,629,653]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea camaena</emphasis>
(Drury, 1773)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB237A2FE3CFD39" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,479,660,684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB237A2FE3CFD39" authority="Grose-Smith, 1889" authorityName="Grose-Smith" authorityYear="1889" box="[132,479,660,684]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuva">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB237A2FEEEFD39" bold="true" box="[132,269,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea cuva</emphasis>
Grose-Smith, 1889
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23785FDCEFD5F" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,557,690,715]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23785FDCEFD5F" authority="van Vollenhoven, 1869" authorityName="van Vollenhoven" authorityYear="1869" box="[132,557,690,715]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dammii">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23785FECFFD5E" bold="true" box="[132,300,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea dammii</emphasis>
van Vollenhoven, 1869
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB237E7FDACFD7C" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,591,721,745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB237E7FDACFD7C" authority="Joicey &amp; Talbot, 1921" authorityName="Joicey &amp; Talbot" authorityYear="1921" box="[132,591,721,745]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eltringhami">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB237E7FEB9FD7C" bold="true" box="[132,346,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea eltringhami</emphasis>
Joicey &amp; Talbot, 1921
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB237C6FE0CFC9D" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,495,752,776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB237C6FE0CFC9D" authority="Le Doux, 1928" authorityName="Le Doux" authorityYear="1928" box="[132,495,752,776]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="endoscota">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB237C6FEA4FC9D" bold="true" box="[132,327,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea endoscota</emphasis>
Le Doux, 1928
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23639FE25FCB3" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,454,782,807]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23639FE25FCB3" authority="Karsch, 1893" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1893" box="[132,454,782,807]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eugenia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23639FED3FCB2" bold="true" box="[132,304,783,807]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea eugenia</emphasis>
Karsch, 1893
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23618FDC2FCD0" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,545,813,838]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23618FDC2FCD0" authority="Joicey &amp; Talbot, 1922" authorityName="Joicey &amp; Talbot" authorityYear="1922" box="[132,545,813,838]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hamata">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23618FECFFCD3" bold="true" box="[132,300,814,838]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea hamata</emphasis>
Joicey &amp; Talbot, 1922
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DD2367AFE85FC34" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DD2367AFD30FCF1" authority="Joicey &amp; Talbot, 1922" authorityName="Joicey &amp; Talbot" authorityYear="1922" box="[228,723,844,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="hamata" subSpecies="hamata">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DD2367AFE3CFCF1" box="[228,479,844,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea hamata hamata</emphasis>
Joicey &amp; Talbot, 1922
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DD2365CFE85FC34" authority="Bernaud, Ducarme &amp; Pierre, 2017" authorityName="Bernaud, Ducarme &amp; Pierre" authorityYear="2017" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="hamata" subSpecies="batangi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DD2365CFE13FC17" box="[228,496,874,898]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea hamata batangi</emphasis>
Bernaud, Ducarme &amp; Pierre, 2017
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<caption id="0DC36628D043FFD01E76364AFB1CFC5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14119318" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14119318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14119318/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" startId="3.[832,900,892,913]" targetBox="[834,1453,655,859]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01E76364AFB1CFC5C" blockId="3.[832,1456,891,969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01E76364AFC75FC04" bold="true" box="[832,918,892,913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Figure 3</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01E87364DFBDCFC04" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[945,1087,891,913]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01E87364DFBDCFC04" box="[945,1087,891,913]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Rubraea egina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(male), the type species of the genus. Left upper side. Right underside. Wingspan: 62 mm. Mabira Forest, Uganda. 14 June 2009. J.C.H. Dobson.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB2369EFE31FC55" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,466,936,960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB2369EFE31FC55" authority="(Linnaeus, 1764)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1764" box="[132,466,936,960]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horta">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB2369EFEF7FC55" bold="true" box="[132,276,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea horta</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1764)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB236F1FE26FC4B" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,453,966,991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB236F1FE26FC4B" authority="Boisduval, 1833" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1833" box="[132,453,966,991]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hova">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB236F1FEEDFC4A" bold="true" box="[132,270,967,991]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea hova</emphasis>
Boisduval, 1833
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB236D0FE23FC68" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,448,997,1022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB236D0FE23FC68" authority="Boisduval, 1833" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1833" box="[132,448,997,1022]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="igati">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB236D0FEE9FC6B" bold="true" box="[132,266,998,1022]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea igati</emphasis>
Boisduval, 1833
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23132FE25FB89" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,454,1028,1052]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23132FE25FB89" authority="Distant, 1880" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1880" box="[132,454,1028,1052]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23132FECCFB89" bold="true" box="[132,303,1028,1052]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea insignis</emphasis>
Distant, 1880
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23115FE46FBAF" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,421,1058,1083]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23115FE46FBAF" authority="Pierre, 1979" authorityName="Pierre" authorityYear="1979" box="[132,421,1058,1083]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kappa">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23115FEFFFBAE" bold="true" box="[132,284,1059,1083]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea kappa</emphasis>
Pierre, 1979
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23177FE67FBCC" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,388,1089,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23177FE67FBCC" authority="Pierre, 1990" authorityName="Pierre" authorityYear="1990" box="[132,388,1089,1113]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23177FF18FBCC" bold="true" box="[132,251,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea kia</emphasis>
Pierre, 1990
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23156FE28FBED" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,459,1120,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23156FE28FBED" authority="Pierre, 1979" authorityName="Pierre" authorityYear="1979" box="[132,459,1120,1144]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kinduana">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23156FEA1FBED" bold="true" box="[132,322,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea kinduana</emphasis>
Pierre, 1979
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23149FE0FFB03" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,492,1150,1175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23149FE0FFB03" authority="Ribbe, 1889" authorityName="Ribbe" authorityYear="1889" box="[132,492,1150,1175]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucographa">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23149FE80FB02" bold="true" box="[132,355,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea leucographa</emphasis>
Ribbe, 1889
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DD231ABFD9DFB46" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DD231ABFD36FB20" authority="Ribbe, 1889" authorityName="Ribbe" authorityYear="1889" box="[228,725,1181,1205]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="leucographa" subSpecies="leucographa">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DD231ABFDAFFB20" box="[228,588,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea leucographa leucographa</emphasis>
Ribbe, 1889
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DD2318DFD9DFB46" authority="Pierre, 2009" authorityName="Pierre" authorityYear="2009" box="[228,638,1211,1235]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="leucographa" subSpecies="jolyi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DD2318DFE16FB46" box="[228,501,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea leucographa jolyi</emphasis>
Pierre, 2009
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB231EDFDDBFB67" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,568,1242,1267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB231EDFDDBFB67" authority="Grose-Smith, 1887" authorityName="Grose-Smith" authorityYear="1887" box="[132,568,1242,1267]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="machequena">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB231EDFE85FB66" bold="true" box="[132,358,1243,1267]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea machequena</emphasis>
Grose-Smith, 1887
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB231CFFE02FA84" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,481,1273,1297]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB231CFFE02FA84" authority="Boisduval, 1833" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1833" box="[132,481,1273,1297]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mahela">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB231CFFEC8FA84" bold="true" box="[132,299,1273,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea mahela</emphasis>
Boisduval, 1833
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB2302EFDADFAA5" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,590,1304,1328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB2302EFE57FAA5" authority="Kirsch, 1877" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1877" box="[132,436,1304,1328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meyeri">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB2302EFEC0FAA5" bold="true" box="[132,291,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea meyeri</emphasis>
Kirsch, 1877
</taxonomicName>
Extralimital
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23001FDE8FADB" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,523,1334,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23001FDE8FADB" authority="Grose-Smith, 1889" authorityName="Grose-Smith" authorityYear="1889" box="[132,523,1334,1359]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="matuapa">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23001FEDAFADA" bold="true" box="[132,313,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea matuapa</emphasis>
Grose-Smith, 1889
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23060FD98FAF8" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,635,1365,1390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23060FE03FAF8" authority="Felder, 1860" authorityName="Felder" authorityYear="1860" box="[132,480,1365,1390]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moluccana">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23060FEB0FAFB" bold="true" box="[132,339,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea moluccana</emphasis>
Felder, 1860
</taxonomicName>
Extralimital
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23042FDE2FA19" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,513,1396,1420]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23042FDE2FA19" authority="Doubleday, [1847]" authorityName="Doubleday" authorityYear="1847" box="[132,513,1396,1420]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neobule">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23042FED3FA19" bold="true" box="[132,304,1396,1420]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea neobule</emphasis>
Doubleday, [1847]
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB230A5FDFFFA3F" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,540,1426,1451]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB230A5FDFFFA3F" authority="Pinhey, 1956" authorityName="Pinhey" authorityYear="1956" box="[132,540,1426,1451]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctimarginea">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB230A5FE6BFA3E" bold="true" box="[132,392,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea punctimarginea</emphasis>
Pinhey, 1956
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23087FE0AFA5C" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,489,1457,1481]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23087FE0AFA5C" authority="(Fabricius, 1781)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[132,489,1457,1481]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quirina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23087FEC9FA5C" bold="true" box="[132,298,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea quirina</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1781)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB230E6FDEEFA7D" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,525,1488,1512]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB230E6FDEEFA7D" authority="Boisduval, 1833" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1833" box="[132,525,1488,1512]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ranavalona">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB230E6FEB4FA7D" bold="true" box="[132,343,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea ranavalona</emphasis>
Boisduval, 1833
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB230D9FE6CF993" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,399,1518,1543]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB230D9FE6CF993" authority="Ward, 1871" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="1871" box="[132,399,1518,1543]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="satis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB230D9FEE9F992" bold="true" box="[132,266,1519,1543]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea satis</emphasis>
Ward, 1871
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB23338FD48F9B0" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,683,1549,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB23338FDF1F9B0" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[132,530,1549,1574]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="terpsichore">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB23338FEB0F9B3" bold="true" box="[132,339,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea terpsichore</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
Extralimital
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB2331AFE4BF9D1" blockId="3.[132,756,414,1604]" box="[132,424,1580,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB2331AFE4BF9D1" authority="Pierre, 1979" authorityName="Pierre" authorityYear="1979" box="[132,424,1580,1604]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="turlini">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB2331AFEFDF9D1" bold="true" box="[132,286,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea turlini</emphasis>
Pierre, 1979
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
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<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB233ACFE65F927" blockId="3.[132,756,1688,2113]" box="[132,390,1690,1714]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB233ACFE63F927" bold="true" box="[132,384,1690,1714]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB233ACFF3EF927" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1764" box="[132,221,1690,1714]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horta">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB233ACFF3EF927" bold="true" box="[132,221,1690,1714]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">A. horta</emphasis>
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species-group
</emphasis>
:
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<subSubSection id="11A6652BD043FFD01CBA33ACFE06F944" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01CBA33ACFE06F944" blockId="3.[132,756,1688,2113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
the 8
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sternite is modified to form a protective plate called a velum.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="11A6652BD043FFD01DB233E1FEB4F796" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01DB233E1FEB4F796" blockId="3.[132,756,1688,2113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DB233E1FE35F97A" authority="Henning, 1986" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1986" box="[132,470,1751,1775]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brainei">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DB233E1FECBF97A" box="[132,296,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea brainei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D043FFD01C0433E1FE35F97A" author="HENNING, G. A." box="[306,470,1751,1775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" pagination="29 - 37" refId="ref15630" refString="HENNING, G. A., 1986. A new species of Acraea F. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from South West Africa (Namibia) with revisional notes on the Acraea horta (L.) species group. Journal of the entomological Society of southern Africa 49 (1): 29 - 37." type="journal article" year="1986">Henning, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01CD233E1FF26F89B" authority="(Drury, 1773)" baseAuthorityName="Drury" baseAuthorityYear="1773" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camaena">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01CD233E1FD78F97A" box="[484,667,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea camaena</emphasis>
(Drury, 1773)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DE333C0FDDFF89B" authority="Grose-Smith, 1889" authorityName="Grose-Smith" authorityYear="1889" box="[213,572,1782,1806]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cuva">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DE333C0FEBCF89B" box="[213,351,1782,1806]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea cuva</emphasis>
Grose-Smith, 1889
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01F7A33C0FE72F8B8" authority="van Vollenhoven, 1869" authorityName="van Vollenhoven" authorityYear="1869" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dammii">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01F7A33C0FD17F89B" box="[588,756,1782,1806]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea dammii</emphasis>
van Vollenhoven, 1869
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01C933223FEF9F8DE" authority="Joicey &amp; Talbot, 1921" authorityName="Joicey &amp; Talbot" authorityYear="1921" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eltringhami">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01C933223FD9EF8B8" box="[421,637,1813,1837]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea eltringhami</emphasis>
Joicey &amp; Talbot, 1921
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01C063205FD72F8DE" authority="Karsch, 1893" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1893" box="[304,657,1843,1867]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eugenia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01C063205FE00F8DE" box="[304,483,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea eugenia</emphasis>
Karsch, 1893
</taxonomicName>
,
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01F913205FF37F8FF" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea hamata</emphasis>
Joicey &amp; Talbot, 1922
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,
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(Linnaeus, 1764)
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Boisduval, 1833
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,
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01F733247FD17F81C" box="[581,756,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea insignis</emphasis>
Distant, 1880
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01C1B32B9FE30F832" box="[301,467,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea mahela</emphasis>
Boisduval, 1833
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01F9132B9FF02F853" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea matuapa</emphasis>
Grose-Smith, 1889
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,
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01CF03298FD93F853" box="[454,624,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea neobule</emphasis>
Doubleday, [1847]
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,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01DD532FBFD71F870" authority="Pinhey, 1956" authorityName="Pinhey" authorityYear="1956" box="[227,658,1997,2021]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctimarginea">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01DD532FBFE0AF870" box="[227,489,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea punctimarginea</emphasis>
Pinhey, 1956
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01F9132FBFEB0F796" authority="Pierre, 1979" authorityName="Pierre" authorityYear="1979" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="turlini">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01F9132FBFF24F796" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Acraea turlini</emphasis>
Pierre, 1979
</taxonomicName>
.
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View file

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<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01CC43D3CFE73F7D4" blockId="3.[132,756,1688,2113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">the valves are strongly incurved forming a claw.</paragraph>
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Grose-Smith, 1887
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Boisduval, 1833
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View file

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Le Doux, 1928
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<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD0195D34FFFB8DFD95" blockId="3.[832,1456,120,543]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">the uncus is divided into two hooks as large as the valves.</paragraph>
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<mods:identifier id="BB2CE5E929321E6B480F685DDAA200DE" type="DOI">10.4314/met.v34i1.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D11587B6D043FFD71E763708FB4FFB11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D11587B6D043FFD71E763708FB4FFB11" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D11587B6D043FFD71E763708FB4FFB11" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD043FFD01E763708FAE2FDC3" box="[832,1281,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01E763708FAE2FDC3" blockId="3.[832,1301,574,629]" box="[832,1281,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01E763708FC6BFDC3" bold="true" box="[832,904,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Genus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01EB93708FB70FDC3" authority="Henning, 1992" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[911,1171,574,598]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01EB93708FC0DFDC3" bold="true" box="[911,1006,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Rubraea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D043FFD01EC23708FB70FDC3" author="HENNING, G. A." box="[1012,1171,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" pagination="100 - 114" refId="ref15689" refString="HENNING, G. A. 1992. Phylogenetic notes on the African species of the subfamily Acraeinae. Part 1. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Metamorphosis 3 (3): 100 - 114." type="journal article" year="1992">Henning, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD019AC3708FAE2FDC3" bold="true" box="[1178,1281,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D043FFD019AC3708FAE2FDC3" box="[1178,1281,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD043FFD01E76376BFAF6FDE1" box="[832,1301,604,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01E76376BFAF6FDE1" blockId="3.[832,1301,574,629]" box="[832,1301,604,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<typeStatus id="86078802D043FFD01E76376BFC94FDE0" box="[832,887,605,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01EE7376AFAEEFDE1" authority="Cramer, [1775]" authorityName="Cramer" authorityYear="1775" box="[977,1293,604,628]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01EE7376AFB82FDE1" box="[977,1121,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Papilio egina</emphasis>
Cramer, [1775]
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD043FFD71E7636DEFE8BFD2D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01E7636DEFAEBFB8A" blockId="3.[832,1455,1000,1055]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">This is a purely Afrotropical genus of 39 medium- to large-sized species. The lineage arose ~ 18 Mya.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01E763108FABFF798" blockId="3.[832,1456,1085,2061]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01E763108FC98FBC3" bold="true" box="[832,891,1086,1110]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Body</emphasis>
: Head large, broad and hairy. Antennae shorter than half length of forewing, averaging 47% (42-52%) of forewing for both sexes. Palpi 1
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D043FFD0199E314FFB57FB12" attach="left" box="[1192,1204,1145,1159]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">st</superScript>
joint twice as long as broad, 2
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D043FFD01EA831A1FC4CFB30" attach="left" box="[926,943,1175,1189]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">nd</superScript>
joint three times longer than first joint and terminal joint minute, oval. All joints hairy. Thorax short, compressed laterally, hairy and scaly. Abdomen long, extending beyond outer edge of hindwings, laterally compressed, broader distally.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD019B03023FB58FAB8" bold="true" box="[1158,1211,1301,1325]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Legs</emphasis>
: Anterior legs slender and less than half length of pterothoracic legs; tarsi of male single joint without spines, female tarsi five jointed with spines on each except last, no terminal spine. Pterothoracic legs, robust, external claw of male furrowed on inner surface, terminal claws asymmetrical.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD019CF3098FA4BFA53" bold="true" box="[1273,1448,1454,1478]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Wing venation</emphasis>
: Radial veins of forewing not stalked;
<collectionCode id="3FADAE65D043FFD019D930FAFAE6FA71" box="[1263,1285,1484,1508]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">R</collectionCode>
1 branching off from cell rather than stalked. Cell of hindwing about half of total wing length. Markings: Hindwing has the spots in the row below the apex joined to the central row creating a discontinuous arrangement of spots (7:2 configuration). Hyaline areas and hyaline patches not present. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing upper side.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD0184333B3FC41F92E" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Male genitalia</emphasis>
: Uncus short, acute or bifid at tip; aedeagus long, narrow but not needle like, distally thin in one species group with broad truncate base, all basally bifid into two prongs; sclerotized and modified 8th tergite present; valves large, distally obtuse or elongate with distal processes; juxta elongate, triangular, weakly sclerotized; vinculum fairly broad; saccus very broad.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD0199D326DFA8AF8E6" bold="true" box="[1195,1385,1883,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Female genitalia</emphasis>
: Anal lobes small, evenly rounded, posterior apophyses as long or longer than the lobes; sterigma convex, U-shaped; ostium centrally or anteriorly placed; ductus very short; bursa spherical; single pair of signa very small or absent. Sphragis present except in
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD0196932C2FB5EF799" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1865" box="[1119,1213,2036,2060]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acrita">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD0196932C2FB5EF799" box="[1119,1213,2036,2060]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">A. acrita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB2354EFE8BFD2D" blockId="4.[132,756,125,696]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB2354EFEF0FF05" bold="true" box="[132,275,120,144]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Early stages</emphasis>
: Egg elongate; laid in clusters, sometimes singly (
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DEC35AEFEAAFF3A" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[218,329,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nohara">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DEC35AEFEAAFF3A" box="[218,329,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">R. nohara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Larvae gregarious; dorsal spines on segments 3-6 sometimes longer and thicker. Pupa with wing covers finely lined by black on wing veins.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F8935E2FEFEFE9E" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Host plant genera</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C0335C4FE49FE9F" box="[309,426,242,266]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Tricliceras" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71C0335C4FE49FE9F" box="[309,426,242,266]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Tricliceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71CC735C4FD8CFE9F" box="[497,623,242,266]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Basananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CC735C4FD8CFE9F" box="[497,623,242,266]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Basananthe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(4 records each),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DFB3427FEFAFEBC" box="[205,281,273,297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Adenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DFB3427FEFAFEBC" box="[205,281,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Adenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C673427FE46FEBC" box="[337,421,273,297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Oncoba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71C673427FE46FEBC" box="[337,421,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Oncoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3 records each),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F5B3424FD35FEBC" box="[621,726,274,297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Rawsonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F5B3424FD35FEBC" box="[621,726,274,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rawsonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2 records). One record each for
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F353406FD90FEDD" box="[515,627,304,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Triumfetta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F353406FD90FEDD" box="[515,627,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Triumfetta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71FBB3407FD0EFEDD" box="[653,749,305,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Putranjivaceae" genus="Drypetes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71FBB3407FD0EFEDD" box="[653,749,305,328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Drypetes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23466FF39FEF2" box="[132,218,336,359]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23466FF39FEF2" box="[132,218,336,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rinorea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DDC3479FEBCFEF2" box="[234,351,335,359]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Caloncoba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DDC3479FEBCFEF2" box="[234,351,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Caloncoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71CA13479FDE2FEF2" box="[407,513,335,359]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Xylotheca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CA13479FDE2FEF2" box="[407,513,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Xylotheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F243479FD0FFEF2" bold="true" box="[530,748,335,359]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Host plant families</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB2345BFEFFFE10" box="[132,284,365,389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Passifloraceae</taxonomicName>
(6 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C8E345BFDC8FE10" box="[440,555,365,389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F0A3458FD23FE10" box="[572,704,366,389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Turneraceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB234BAFEE4FE31" box="[132,263,396,420]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Achariaceae</taxonomicName>
(3 records each),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71CFA34BAFDA1FE31" box="[460,578,396,420]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F7834BAFD0CFE31" box="[590,751,396,420]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB2349CFF0CFE57" box="[132,239,426,450]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Violaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C1B349CFE2BFE57" box="[301,456,426,450]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Flacourtiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Flacourtiaceae</taxonomicName>
(1 record each).
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71FA5349DFF06FE77" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Habitats (biomes)</emphasis>
: Predominantly a woodland genus, with five species in grassland. Woodland (14 spp.), forest (7 spp.), grassland (5 spp.), submontane forest (
<specimenCount id="4FBAFD29D044FFD71F053731FD84FD8A" box="[563,615,519,543]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="generic">1 sp.</specimenCount>
) and coastal forest (
<specimenCount id="4FBAFD29D044FFD71DE73713FEE0FDA8" box="[209,259,549,573]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="generic">1 sp.</specimenCount>
).
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71C203710FE14FDAB" bold="true" box="[278,503,550,574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Geographical range</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F323713FD83FDA8" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[516,608,549,573]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F323713FD83FDA8" box="[516,608,549,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is confined to the sub-Saharan African mainland, with a few species in the Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71C313754FEB7FDEF" box="[263,340,610,634]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Guinea</collectingCountry>
islands. The genus is concentrated in east-central Africa (eastern and southern
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71F7337B7FD9DFD0C" box="[581,638,641,665]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">DRC</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71FBD37B7FD13FD0C" box="[651,752,641,665]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71DB23796FF36FD2D" box="[132,213,672,696]" name="Zambia" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Zambia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71C3F3796FEBFFD2D" box="[265,348,672,696]" name="Angola" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Angola</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD044FFD71DB237E1FF1CFB3C" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB237E1FF12FD7A" blockId="4.[132,241,727,751]" box="[132,241,727,751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB237E1FF12FD7A" bold="true" box="[132,241,727,751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23638FF15FC17" blockId="4.[132,756,782,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
Facies: Rufous to ochreous with black spots. Hyaline areas or patches are absent. The genus
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F05361BFD6CFCD0" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[563,655,813,837]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F05361BFD6CFCD0" box="[563,655,813,837]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C63367AFE5DFCF1" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" box="[341,446,844,868]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71C63367AFE5DFCF1" box="[341,446,844,868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Stephenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by their generally less acute forewings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23694FD8DFBE7" blockId="4.[132,756,930,1138]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
Genitalia: The male genitalia in
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71CE23694FDD3FC2F" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[468,560,930,954]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CE23694FDD3FC2F" box="[468,560,930,954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the aedeagus long, narrow but not needle-like; distally thin in one species group with broad truncate base, all basally bifid into two prongs; sclerotized and modified 8
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D044FFD71FA736CAFD7DFB9F" attach="left" box="[657,670,1020,1034]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">th</superScript>
tergite present; valves large, distially obtuse or elongate with distal processes. In the female genitalia the sterigma is convex, U-shaped, with the ductus very short.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB231A7FF1CFB3C" blockId="4.[132,255,1169,1193]" box="[132,255,1169,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB231A7FF1CFB3C" bold="true" box="[132,255,1169,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Species list</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD044FFD71DB231FEFB4FFB11" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB231FEFD68FB75" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,651,1224,1248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB231FEFDEBFB75" authority="(Hewitson, [1852])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[132,520,1224,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdera" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB231FEFED5FB75" bold="true" box="[132,310,1224,1248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea abdera</emphasis>
(Hewitson, [1852])
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F3931FEFD68FB75" bold="true" box="[527,651,1224,1248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F3931FEFD68FB75" box="[527,651,1224,1248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DD231D1FE83FAA9" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DD231D1FD5BFB6A" authority="(Hewitson, [1852])" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[228,696,1255,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="abdera" subSpecies="abdera">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD231D1FE06FB6A" box="[228,485,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea abdera abdera</emphasis>
(Hewitson, [1852])
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DD23033FD17FA88" authority="(Aurivillus, 1899)" box="[228,756,1285,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="abdera" subSpecies="eginopsis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD23033FDEEFA88" box="[228,525,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea abdera eginopsis</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, [1899)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD23012FE83FAA9" bold="true" box="[228,352,1316,1340]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71DD23012FE83FAA9" box="[228,352,1316,1340]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23075FD9CFACE" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,639,1347,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23075FE1FFACE" authority="(Hewitson, [1865])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[132,508,1347,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acrita" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23075FEC9FACE" bold="true" box="[132,298,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea acrita</emphasis>
(Hewitson, [1865])
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F353075FD9CFACE" bold="true" box="[515,639,1347,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F353075FD9CFACE" box="[515,639,1347,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23054FD84FAEF" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,615,1377,1402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23054FE06FAEC" authority="(Pierre, 1987)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[132,485,1377,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annonae" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23054FEA9FAEF" bold="true" box="[132,330,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea annonae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D044FFD71C6E3057FE3DFAEC" author="PIERRE, J." box="[344,478,1377,1401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" pagination="11 - 27" refId="ref16048" refString="PIERRE, J. 1987. Systematique cladistique chez les Acraea (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N. S.) 23 (1): 11 - 27." type="journal article" year="1987">Pierre, 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CDA3054FD84FAEF" bold="true" box="[492,615,1378,1402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71CDA3054FD84FAEF" box="[492,615,1378,1402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB230B6FD90FA0D" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,627,1408,1432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB230B6FE12FA0D" authority="(Hewitson, 1877)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[132,497,1408,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asema" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB230B6FED3FA0D" bold="true" box="[132,304,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea asema</emphasis>
(Hewitson, 1877)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CCE30B6FD90FA0D" bold="true" box="[504,627,1408,1432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71CCE30B6FD90FA0D" box="[504,627,1408,1432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB230A9FD6AFA22" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,649,1439,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB230A9FDE4FA22" authority="(Westwood, 1881)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[132,519,1439,1463]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atolmis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB230A9FED9FA22" bold="true" box="[132,314,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea atolmis</emphasis>
(Westwood, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F3830A9FD6AFA22" bold="true" box="[526,649,1439,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F3830A9FD6AFA22" box="[526,649,1439,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23088FD54FA43" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,695,1469,1494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23088FDD6FA40" authority="(Wichgraf, 1918)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Wichgraf" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[132,565,1469,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bailundensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23088FE96FA43" bold="true" box="[132,373,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea bailundensis</emphasis>
(Wichgraf, 1918)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F0A3088FD54FA43" bold="true" box="[572,695,1470,1494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F0A3088FD54FA43" box="[572,695,1470,1494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB230EAFD96FA61" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,629,1500,1524]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB230EAFE10FA61" authority="(Weymer, 1908)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[132,499,1500,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellona" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB230EAFED8FA61" bold="true" box="[132,315,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea bellona</emphasis>
(Weymer, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CCF30EAFD96FA61" bold="true" box="[505,629,1500,1524]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71CCF30EAFD96FA61" box="[505,629,1500,1524]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB230CDFD61F986" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,642,1531,1555]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB230CDFDE3F986" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[132,512,1531,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cepheus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB230CDFEA0F986" bold="true" box="[132,323,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea cepheus</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F3130CDFD61F986" bold="true" box="[519,642,1531,1555]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F3130CDFD61F986" box="[519,642,1531,1555]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DD2332FFEBDF9FA" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DD2332FFD55F9A4" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[228,694,1561,1585]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cepheus" subSpecies="cepheus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD2332FFE1AF9A4" box="[228,505,1561,1585]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea cepheus cepheus</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DD2330EFD17F9C5" authority="(Pierre, 1979)" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[228,756,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cepheus" subSpecies="bergeriana">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD2330EFDDAF9C5" box="[228,569,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea cepheus bergeriana</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1979)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD53361FEBDF9FA" bold="true" box="[227,350,1623,1647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71DD53361FEBDF9FA" box="[227,350,1623,1647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23340FD65F91B" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,646,1653,1678]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23340FDE0F918" authority="(Hewitson, [1861])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[132,515,1653,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerasa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23340FED2F91B" bold="true" box="[132,305,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea cerasa</emphasis>
(Hewitson, [1861])
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F3D3340FD65F91B" bold="true" box="[523,646,1654,1678]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F3D3340FD65F91B" box="[523,646,1654,1678]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DD233A2FD17F95E" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DD233A2FD4DF939" authority="(Hewitson, [1861])" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[228,686,1684,1708]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cerasa" subSpecies="cerasa">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD233A2FE3FF939" box="[228,476,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea cerasa cerasa</emphasis>
(Hewitson, [1861])
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DD23385FD97F95E" authority="(Sharpe, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Sharpe" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[228,628,1715,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cerasa" subSpecies="cerita">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD23385FE33F95E" box="[228,464,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea cerasa cerita</emphasis>
(Sharpe, 1906)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F4F3385FD17F95E" bold="true" box="[633,756,1715,1739]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F4F3385FD17F95E" box="[633,756,1715,1739]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB233E4FD7DF97F" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,670,1745,1770]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB233E4FDFFF97C" authority="(Oberthur, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[132,540,1745,1770]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaeribula" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB233E4FE83F97F" bold="true" box="[132,352,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea chaeribula</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F1533E4FD7DF97F" bold="true" box="[547,670,1746,1770]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F1533E4FD7DF97F" box="[547,670,1746,1770]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB233C7FD90F89C" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,627,1776,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB233C7FE12F89D" authority="(Neave, 1910)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Neave" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[132,497,1776,1801]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chambezi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB233C7FEB1F89C" bold="true" box="[132,338,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea chambezi</emphasis>
(Neave, 1910)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CCE33C7FD90F89C" bold="true" box="[504,627,1777,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71CCE33C7FD90F89C" box="[504,627,1777,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23239FD92F8B2" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,625,1807,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23239FE13F8B2" authority="(Suffert, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Suffert" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[132,496,1807,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diogenes" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23239FEA9F8B2" bold="true" box="[132,330,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea diogenes</emphasis>
(Suffert, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CC03239FD92F8B2" bold="true" box="[502,625,1807,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71CC03239FD92F8B2" box="[502,625,1807,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23218FD85F8D3" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,614,1837,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23218FE00F8D0" authority="(Cramer, [1775])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[132,483,1837,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egina" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23218FEC4F8D3" bold="true" box="[132,295,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea egina</emphasis>
(Cramer, [1775])
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CDC3218FD85F8D3" bold="true" box="[490,614,1838,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71CDC3218FD85F8D3" box="[490,614,1838,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DD2327AFD63F8F1" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[228,640,1868,1892]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DD2327AFD63F8F1" authority="(Cramer, [1775])" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[228,640,1868,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="egina" subSpecies="egina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD2327AFE27F8F1" box="[228,452,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea egina egina</emphasis>
(Cramer, [1775])
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DD2325DFEF0F837" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DD2325DFD4BF816" authority="(Carcasson, 1961)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Carcasson" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[228,680,1899,1923]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="egina" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="bellehui">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DD2325DFE3CF816" box="[228,479,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea egina bellehui</emphasis>
(Carcasson, 1961)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F99325DFEF0F837" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F99325DFEF0F837" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB2329FFD33F854" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,720,1960,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB2329FFDADF855" authority="(Le Doux, 1932)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Le Doux" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[132,590,1960,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltringhamiana" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB2329FFE77F854" bold="true" box="[132,404,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea eltringhamiana</emphasis>
(Le Doux, 1932)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F62329FFD33F854" bold="true" box="[596,720,1961,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F62329FFD33F854" box="[596,720,1961,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB232F1FD6DF84A" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,654,1990,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB232F1FDEFF84B" authority="(Oberthur, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[132,524,1990,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guillemei" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB232F1FEB3F84A" bold="true" box="[132,336,1991,2015]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea guillemei</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F2432F1FD6DF84A" bold="true" box="[530,654,1991,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F2432F1FD6DF84A" box="[530,654,1991,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB232D0FD6DF86B" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,654,2021,2046]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB232D0FDEFF868" authority="(Le Doux, 1932)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Le Doux" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[132,524,2021,2046]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guluensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB232D0FEB0F86B" bold="true" box="[132,339,2022,2046]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea guluensis</emphasis>
(Le Doux, 1932)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F2532D0FD6DF86B" bold="true" box="[531,654,2022,2046]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71F2532D0FD6DF86B" box="[531,654,2022,2046]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23D32FD99F789" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,634,2052,2076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23D32FE1BF789" authority="(Aurivillius, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Aurivillius" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[132,504,2052,2076]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraka" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23D32FEC9F789" bold="true" box="[132,298,2052,2076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea kraka</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CC93D32FD99F789" bold="true" box="[511,634,2052,2076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71CC93D32FD99F789" box="[511,634,2052,2076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23D15FD9AF7AE" blockId="4.[132,756,1224,2107]" box="[132,633,2083,2107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23D15FE14F7AE" authority="(Pierre, 1988)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[132,503,2083,2107]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lapidorum" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23D15FEBFF7AE" bold="true" box="[132,348,2083,2107]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea lapidorum</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1988)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CC83D15FD9AF7AE" bold="true" box="[510,633,2083,2107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71CC83D15FD9AF7AE" box="[510,633,2083,2107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E76354EFAD7FF05" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1332,120,144]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E76354EFB51FF05" authority="(Eltringham, 1911)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Eltringham" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[832,1202,120,144]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lofua" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E76354EFC3CFF05" bold="true" box="[832,991,120,144]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea lofua</emphasis>
(Eltringham, 1911)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7198F354EFAD7FF05" bold="true" box="[1209,1332,120,144]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD7198F354EFAD7FF05" box="[1209,1332,120,144]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E7635A1FADCFEF2" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7635A1FB76FF3A" authority="(Pierre, 1987)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[832,1173,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loranae" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7635A1FC1AFF3A" bold="true" box="[832,1017,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea loranae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D044FFD7193135A1FB6FFF3A" author="PIERRE, J." box="[1031,1164,151,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" pagination="11 - 27" refId="ref16048" refString="PIERRE, J. 1987. Systematique cladistique chez les Acraea (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N. S.) 23 (1): 11 - 27." type="journal article" year="1987">Pierre, 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719AD35A1FAF4FF3A" bold="true" box="[1179,1303,151,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719AD35A1FAF4FF3A" box="[1179,1303,151,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763580FB47FF58" authority="(Neave, 1910)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Neave" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[832,1188,181,206]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lualabae" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763580FBE7FF5B" bold="true" box="[832,1028,182,206]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea lualabae</emphasis>
(Neave, 1910)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7199C3580FAC6FF5B" bold="true" box="[1194,1317,182,206]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD7199C3580FAC6FF5B" box="[1194,1317,182,206]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7635E2FB7BFF79" authority="(Thurau, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Thurau" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[832,1176,212,236]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7635E2FC0CFF79" bold="true" box="[832,1007,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea manca</emphasis>
(Thurau, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719A835E2FAF9FF79" bold="true" box="[1182,1306,212,236]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719A835E2FAF9FF79" box="[1182,1306,212,236]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7635C5FB2EFE9F" authority="(Eltringham, 1911)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Eltringham" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[832,1229,242,267]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mansya" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7635C5FC19FE9E" bold="true" box="[832,1018,243,267]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea mansya</emphasis>
(Eltringham, 1911)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719E235C5FAACFE9E" bold="true" box="[1236,1359,243,267]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719E235C5FAACFE9E" box="[1236,1359,243,267]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763424FB4AFEBC" authority="(Cramer, [1775])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[832,1193,273,298]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medea" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763424FC0FFEBF" bold="true" box="[832,1004,274,298]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea medea</emphasis>
(Cramer, [1775])
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719863424FAC8FEBF" bold="true" box="[1200,1323,274,298]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719863424FAC8FEBF" box="[1200,1323,274,298]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763406FB64FEDD" authority="(Sharpe, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Sharpe" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[832,1159,304,328]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niobe" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763406FC01FEDD" bold="true" box="[832,994,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea niobe</emphasis>
(Sharpe, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719B83406FAEAFEDD" bold="true" box="[1166,1289,304,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719B83406FAEAFEDD" box="[1166,1289,304,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763479FB5EFEF2" authority="(Boisduval, 1847)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[832,1213,335,359]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nohara" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763479FC16FEF2" bold="true" box="[832,1013,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea nohara</emphasis>
(Boisduval, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719F53479FADCFEF2" bold="true" box="[1219,1343,335,359]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719F53479FADCFEF2" box="[1219,1343,335,359]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E96345BFC2DFE56" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E96345BFA88FE10" authority="(Boisduval, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[928,1387,365,389]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nohara" subSpecies="nohara">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E96345BFB40FE10" box="[928,1187,365,389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea nohara nohara</emphasis>
(Boisduval, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E9634BAFA83FE31" authority="(Marshall, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Marshall" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[928,1376,396,420]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nohara" subSpecies="halali">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E9634BAFB7FFE31" box="[928,1180,396,420]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea nohara halali</emphasis>
(Marshall, 1896)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7185D34BAFC2DFE56" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD7185D34BAFC2DFE56" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E9634FFFBFAFD95" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E9634FFFA4CFE74" authority="(Stevenson, 1934)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Stevenson" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[928,1455,457,481]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nohara" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="dondoensis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E9634FFFB39FE74" box="[928,1242,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea nohara dondoensis</emphasis>
(Stevenson, 1934)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71EA834DEFBFAFD95" bold="true" box="[926,1049,488,512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71EA834DEFBFAFD95" box="[926,1049,488,512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E763731FAC0FD8A" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1315,519,543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763731FB42FD8A" authority="(Trimen, 1894)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Trimen" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[832,1185,519,543]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omrora" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763731FC14FD8A" bold="true" box="[832,1015,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea omrora</emphasis>
(Trimen, 1894)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719913731FAC0FD8A" bold="true" box="[1191,1315,519,543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719913731FAC0FD8A" box="[1191,1315,519,543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E963713FC2DFDEE" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E963713FAB0FDA8" authority="(Trimen, 1894)" baseAuthorityName="Trimen" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[928,1363,549,573]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omrora" subSpecies="omrora">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E963713FB4AFDA8" box="[928,1193,549,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea omrora omrora</emphasis>
(Trimen, 1894)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E963772FA86FDC9" authority="(Pierre, 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[928,1381,580,604]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="omrora" subSpecies="umbraetae">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E963772FB29FDC9" box="[928,1226,580,604]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea omrora umbraetae</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1988)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7185D3772FC2DFDEE" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD7185D3772FC2DFDEE" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E7637B4FAC6FD0F" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1317,641,666]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7637B4FB40FD0C" authority="(Trimen, 1891)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Trimen" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[832,1187,641,666]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="onerata" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7637B4FC1AFD0F" bold="true" box="[832,1017,642,666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea onerata</emphasis>
(Trimen, 1891)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7199C37B4FAC6FD0F" bold="true" box="[1194,1317,642,666]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD7199C37B4FAC6FD0F" box="[1194,1317,642,666]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E763796FAC2FD2D" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1313,672,696]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763796FB7CFD2D" authority="(Pierre, 1988)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[832,1183,672,696]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="overlaeti" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763796FBE7FD2D" bold="true" box="[832,1028,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea overlaeti</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1988)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719903796FAC2FD2D" bold="true" box="[1190,1313,672,696]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719903796FAC2FD2D" box="[1190,1313,672,696]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E763789FAF4FD42" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1303,703,727]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763789FB77FD42" authority="(Pierre, 1992)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[832,1172,703,727]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peetersi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763789FC1AFD42" bold="true" box="[832,1017,703,727]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea peetersi</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1992)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719AD3789FAF4FD42" bold="true" box="[1179,1303,703,727]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719AD3789FAF4FD42" box="[1179,1303,703,727]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E7637E8FABFFD63" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1372,733,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7637E8FB39FD60" authority="(Oberthur, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[832,1242,733,758]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="periphanes" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7637E8FBFDFD63" bold="true" box="[832,1054,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea periphanes</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719D737E8FABFFD63" bold="true" box="[1249,1372,734,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719D737E8FABFFD63" box="[1249,1372,734,758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E7637CAFAA3FC81" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1344,764,788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7637CAFB5DFC81" authority="(Boisduval, 1847)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[832,1214,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petraea" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7637CAFC15FC81" bold="true" box="[832,1014,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea petraea</emphasis>
(Boisduval, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719F337CAFAA3FC81" bold="true" box="[1221,1344,764,788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719F337CAFAA3FC81" box="[1221,1344,764,788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E76362DFA69FCA6" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1418,795,819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E76362DFAEBFCA6" authority="(Eltringham, 1912)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Eltringham" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[832,1288,795,819]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudatolmis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E76362DFBD6FCA6" bold="true" box="[832,1077,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea pseudatolmis</emphasis>
(Eltringham, 1912)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71839362DFA69FCA6" bold="true" box="[1295,1418,795,819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71839362DFA69FCA6" box="[1295,1418,795,819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E76360CFA8EFCC7" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1389,825,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E76360CFB09FCC4" authority="(Staudinger, [1885])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[832,1258,825,850]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pudorina" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E76360CFBE9FCC7" bold="true" box="[832,1034,826,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea pudorina</emphasis>
(Staudinger, [1885])
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719C7360CFA8EFCC7" bold="true" box="[1265,1389,826,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719C7360CFA8EFCC7" box="[1265,1389,826,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E76366EFA96FCE5" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1397,856,880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E76366EFB17FCE5" authority="(Eltringham, 1912)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Eltringham" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[832,1268,856,880]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctellata" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E76366EFBC3FCE5" bold="true" box="[832,1056,856,880]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea punctellata</emphasis>
(Eltringham, 1912)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719CC366EFA96FCE5" bold="true" box="[1274,1397,856,880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719CC366EFA96FCE5" box="[1274,1397,856,880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E763641FAF6FC1A" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1301,887,911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763641FB70FC1A" authority="(Suffert, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Suffert" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[832,1171,887,911]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rohlfsi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763641FC0EFC1A" bold="true" box="[832,1005,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea rohlfsi</emphasis>
(Suffert, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719AC3641FAF6FC1A" bold="true" box="[1178,1301,887,911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719AC3641FAF6FC1A" box="[1178,1301,887,911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E7636A0FA75FC3B" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1430,917,942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7636A0FAF7FC38" authority="(Grose-Smith, 1898)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Grose-Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[832,1300,917,942]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unimaculata" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7636A0FBD3FC3B" bold="true" box="[832,1072,918,942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea unimaculata</emphasis>
(Grose-Smith, 1898)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7182D36A0FA75FC3B" bold="true" box="[1307,1430,918,942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD7182D36A0FA75FC3B" box="[1307,1430,918,942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E763682FAB8FC59" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" box="[832,1371,948,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763682FB3AFC59" authority="(Thurau, 1903)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Thurau" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[832,1241,948,972]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="utengulensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763682FBD3FC59" bold="true" box="[832,1072,948,972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea utengulensis</emphasis>
(Thurau, 1903)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719D63682FAB8FC59" bold="true" box="[1248,1371,948,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719D63682FAB8FC59" box="[1248,1371,948,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71E7636E5FBFAFBD2" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7636E5FB33FC7E" authority="(Boisduval, 1847)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[832,1232,979,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violarum" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7636E5FBEBFC7E" bold="true" box="[832,1032,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea violarum</emphasis>
(Boisduval, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719E136E5FAB1FC7E" bold="true" box="[1239,1362,979,1003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD719E136E5FAB1FC7E" box="[1239,1362,979,1003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E9636C7FA72FB9C" authority="(Boisduval, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[928,1425,1009,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="violarum" subSpecies="violarum">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E9636C7FB2AFB9C" box="[928,1225,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea violarum violarum</emphasis>
(Boisduval, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E963126FA4CFBBD" authority="(Wichgraf, 1909)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Wichgraf" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[928,1455,1040,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="violarum" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="gracilis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E963126FB37FBBD" box="[928,1236,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea violarum gracilis</emphasis>
(Wichgraf, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71EA83119FBFAFBD2" bold="true" box="[926,1049,1071,1095]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71EA83119FBFAFBD2" box="[926,1049,1071,1095]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71EA8317BFB4FFB11" blockId="4.[832,1456,125,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71EA8317BFBCAFB11" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="violarum" subSpecies="anchietai">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71EA8317BFB24FBF0" box="[926,1223,1101,1125]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea violarum anchietai</emphasis>
(Mendes &amp; Bivar-deSousa, 2017)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71906315AFB4FFB11" bold="true" box="[1072,1196,1132,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D044FFD71906315AFB4FFB11" box="[1072,1196,1132,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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View file

@ -1,222 +0,0 @@
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<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01E763708FAE2FDC3" blockId="3.[832,1301,574,629]" box="[832,1281,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01E763708FC6BFDC3" bold="true" box="[832,904,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Genus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01EB93708FB70FDC3" authority="Henning, 1992" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[911,1171,574,598]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01EB93708FC0DFDC3" bold="true" box="[911,1006,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Rubraea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D043FFD01EC23708FB70FDC3" author="HENNING, G. A." box="[1012,1171,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" pagination="100 - 114" refId="ref15689" refString="HENNING, G. A. 1992. Phylogenetic notes on the African species of the subfamily Acraeinae. Part 1. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Metamorphosis 3 (3): 100 - 114." type="journal article" year="1992">Henning, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD019AC3708FAE2FDC3" bold="true" box="[1178,1281,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D043FFD019AC3708FAE2FDC3" box="[1178,1281,574,598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD043FFD01E76376BFABFF798" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01E76376BFAF6FDE1" blockId="3.[832,1301,574,629]" box="[832,1301,604,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<typeStatus id="86078802D043FFD01E76376BFC94FDE0" box="[832,887,605,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD01EE7376AFAEEFDE1" authority="Cramer, [1775]" authorityName="Cramer" authorityYear="1775" box="[977,1293,604,628]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01EE7376AFB82FDE1" box="[977,1121,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Papilio egina</emphasis>
Cramer, [1775]
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01E7636DEFAEBFB8A" blockId="3.[832,1455,1000,1055]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">This is a purely Afrotropical genus of 39 medium- to large-sized species. The lineage arose ~ 18 Mya.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D043FFD01E763108FABFF798" blockId="3.[832,1456,1085,2061]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD01E763108FC98FBC3" bold="true" box="[832,891,1086,1110]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Body</emphasis>
: Head large, broad and hairy. Antennae shorter than half length of forewing, averaging 47% (42-52%) of forewing for both sexes. Palpi 1
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D043FFD0199E314FFB57FB12" attach="left" box="[1192,1204,1145,1159]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">st</superScript>
joint twice as long as broad, 2
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D043FFD01EA831A1FC4CFB30" attach="left" box="[926,943,1175,1189]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">nd</superScript>
joint three times longer than first joint and terminal joint minute, oval. All joints hairy. Thorax short, compressed laterally, hairy and scaly. Abdomen long, extending beyond outer edge of hindwings, laterally compressed, broader distally.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD019B03023FB58FAB8" bold="true" box="[1158,1211,1301,1325]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Legs</emphasis>
: Anterior legs slender and less than half length of pterothoracic legs; tarsi of male single joint without spines, female tarsi five jointed with spines on each except last, no terminal spine. Pterothoracic legs, robust, external claw of male furrowed on inner surface, terminal claws asymmetrical.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD019CF3098FA4BFA53" bold="true" box="[1273,1448,1454,1478]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Wing venation</emphasis>
: Radial veins of forewing not stalked;
<collectionCode id="3FADAE65D043FFD019D930FAFAE6FA71" box="[1263,1285,1484,1508]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">R</collectionCode>
1 branching off from cell rather than stalked. Cell of hindwing about half of total wing length. Markings: Hindwing has the spots in the row below the apex joined to the central row creating a discontinuous arrangement of spots (7:2 configuration). Hyaline areas and hyaline patches not present. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing upper side.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD0184333B3FC41F92E" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Male genitalia</emphasis>
: Uncus short, acute or bifid at tip; aedeagus long, narrow but not needle like, distally thin in one species group with broad truncate base, all basally bifid into two prongs; sclerotized and modified 8th tergite present; valves large, distally obtuse or elongate with distal processes; juxta elongate, triangular, weakly sclerotized; vinculum fairly broad; saccus very broad.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD0199D326DFA8AF8E6" bold="true" box="[1195,1385,1883,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Female genitalia</emphasis>
: Anal lobes small, evenly rounded, posterior apophyses as long or longer than the lobes; sterigma convex, U-shaped; ostium centrally or anteriorly placed; ductus very short; bursa spherical; single pair of signa very small or absent. Sphragis present except in
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D043FFD0196932C2FB5EF799" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1865" box="[1119,1213,2036,2060]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acrita">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D043FFD0196932C2FB5EF799" box="[1119,1213,2036,2060]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">A. acrita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD044FFD71DB2354EFE8BFD2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB2354EFD17FF05" blockId="4.[132,756,125,696]" box="[132,756,120,145]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB2354EFEF0FF05" bold="true" box="[132,275,120,144]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Early stages</emphasis>
: Egg elongate; laid in clusters, sometimes
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB235A1FE8BFD2D" blockId="4.[132,756,125,696]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
singly (
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DEC35AEFEAAFF3A" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[218,329,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nohara">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DEC35AEFEAAFF3A" box="[218,329,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">R. nohara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Larvae gregarious; dorsal spines on segments 3-6 sometimes longer and thicker. Pupa with wing covers finely lined by black on wing veins.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F8935E2FEFEFE9E" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Host plant genera</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C0335C4FE49FE9F" box="[309,426,242,266]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Tricliceras" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71C0335C4FE49FE9F" box="[309,426,242,266]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Tricliceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71CC735C4FD8CFE9F" box="[497,623,242,266]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Basananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CC735C4FD8CFE9F" box="[497,623,242,266]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Basananthe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(4 records each),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DFB3427FEFAFEBC" box="[205,281,273,297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Adenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DFB3427FEFAFEBC" box="[205,281,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Adenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C673427FE46FEBC" box="[337,421,273,297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Oncoba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71C673427FE46FEBC" box="[337,421,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Oncoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3 records each),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F5B3424FD35FEBC" box="[621,726,274,297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Rawsonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F5B3424FD35FEBC" box="[621,726,274,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rawsonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2 records). One record each for
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F353406FD90FEDD" box="[515,627,304,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Triumfetta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F353406FD90FEDD" box="[515,627,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Triumfetta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71FBB3407FD0EFEDD" box="[653,749,305,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Putranjivaceae" genus="Drypetes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71FBB3407FD0EFEDD" box="[653,749,305,328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Drypetes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB23466FF39FEF2" box="[132,218,336,359]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB23466FF39FEF2" box="[132,218,336,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rinorea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DDC3479FEBCFEF2" box="[234,351,335,359]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Caloncoba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DDC3479FEBCFEF2" box="[234,351,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Caloncoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71CA13479FDE2FEF2" box="[407,513,335,359]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Xylotheca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CA13479FDE2FEF2" box="[407,513,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Xylotheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F243479FD0FFEF2" bold="true" box="[530,748,335,359]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Host plant families</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB2345BFEFFFE10" box="[132,284,365,389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Passifloraceae</taxonomicName>
(6 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C8E345BFDC8FE10" box="[440,555,365,389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F0A3458FD23FE10" box="[572,704,366,389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Turneraceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB234BAFEE4FE31" box="[132,263,396,420]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Achariaceae</taxonomicName>
(3 records each),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71CFA34BAFDA1FE31" box="[460,578,396,420]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F7834BAFD0CFE31" box="[590,751,396,420]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71DB2349CFF0CFE57" box="[132,239,426,450]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Violaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Violaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C1B349CFE2BFE57" box="[301,456,426,450]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Flacourtiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Flacourtiaceae</taxonomicName>
(1 record each).
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71FA5349DFF06FE77" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Habitats (biomes)</emphasis>
: Predominantly a woodland genus, with five species in grassland. Woodland (14 spp.), forest (7 spp.), grassland (5 spp.), submontane forest (
<specimenCount id="4FBAFD29D044FFD71F053731FD84FD8A" box="[563,615,519,543]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="generic">1 sp.</specimenCount>
) and coastal forest (
<specimenCount id="4FBAFD29D044FFD71DE73713FEE0FDA8" box="[209,259,549,573]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="generic">1 sp.</specimenCount>
).
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71C203710FE14FDAB" bold="true" box="[278,503,550,574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Geographical range</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F323713FD83FDA8" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[516,608,549,573]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F323713FD83FDA8" box="[516,608,549,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is confined to the sub-Saharan African mainland, with a few species in the Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71C313754FEB7FDEF" box="[263,340,610,634]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Guinea</collectingCountry>
islands. The genus is concentrated in east-central Africa (eastern and southern
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71F7337B7FD9DFD0C" box="[581,638,641,665]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">DRC</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71FBD37B7FD13FD0C" box="[651,752,641,665]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71DB23796FF36FD2D" box="[132,213,672,696]" name="Zambia" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Zambia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D044FFD71C3F3796FEBFFD2D" box="[265,348,672,696]" name="Angola" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Angola</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD044FFD71DB237E1FF1CFB3C" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB237E1FF12FD7A" blockId="4.[132,241,727,751]" box="[132,241,727,751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB237E1FF12FD7A" bold="true" box="[132,241,727,751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23638FF15FC17" blockId="4.[132,756,782,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
Facies: Rufous to ochreous with black spots. Hyaline areas or patches are absent. The genus
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71F05361BFD6CFCD0" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[563,655,813,837]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71F05361BFD6CFCD0" box="[563,655,813,837]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71C63367AFE5DFCF1" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" box="[341,446,844,868]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71C63367AFE5DFCF1" box="[341,446,844,868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Stephenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by their generally less acute forewings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB23694FD8DFBE7" blockId="4.[132,756,930,1138]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
Genitalia: The male genitalia in
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71CE23694FDD3FC2F" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[468,560,930,954]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71CE23694FDD3FC2F" box="[468,560,930,954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the aedeagus long, narrow but not needle-like; distally thin in one species group with broad truncate base, all basally bifid into two prongs; sclerotized and modified 8
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D044FFD71FA736CAFD7DFB9F" attach="left" box="[657,670,1020,1034]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">th</superScript>
tergite present; valves large, distially obtuse or elongate with distal processes. In the female genitalia the sterigma is convex, U-shaped, with the ductus very short.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD71DB231A7FF1CFB3C" blockId="4.[132,255,1169,1193]" box="[132,255,1169,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71DB231A7FF1CFB3C" bold="true" box="[132,255,1169,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Species list</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="B1640024ED83E3A0EA1AC69FC841CC14">Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763276FC4CF8CD" bold="true" box="[832,943,1856,1880]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">R. nohara</emphasis>
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species-group
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:
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<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD719543276FC31F800" blockId="4.[832,1456,1240,2125]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">valves elongate, basally obtuse narrowing centrally, apically truncate with distal process in some species.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7632AAFC1FF821" box="[832,1020,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea atolmis</emphasis>
(Westwood, 1881)
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,
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719CD32AAFA4CF821" box="[1275,1455,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea cerasa</emphasis>
(Hewitson, [1861])
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,
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71903328CFAFDF847" box="[1077,1310,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea dondoensis</emphasis>
(Stevenson, [1934])
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,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71EAB32EFFAE5F864" authority="(Neave, 1910)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Neave" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[925,1286,2009,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chambezi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71EAB32EFFB87F864" box="[925,1124,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea chambezi</emphasis>
(Neave, 1910)
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,
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7182732EFFA53F864" box="[1297,1456,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea kraka</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, 1893)
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7191332CEFB1DF785" box="[1061,1278,2040,2064]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea lapidorum</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1988)
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,
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763D20FC04F7BB" box="[832,999,2070,2094]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea lofua</emphasis>
(Eltringham, 1911)
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,
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(Eltringham, 1911)
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719153D03FB34F7D8" box="[1059,1239,2101,2125]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea nohara</emphasis>
(Boisduval, 1847)
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB2354EFEDBFF05" box="[132,312,120,144]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea onerata</emphasis>
(Trimen, 1891)
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,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61CDD354EFF26FF3A" authority="(Pierre, 1992)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1992" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peetersi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61CDD354EFD43FF05" box="[491,672,120,144]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea peetersi</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1992)
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,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61DF835A1FD6CFF3A" authority="(Eltringham, 1912)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Eltringham" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[206,655,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudatolmis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DF835A1FE5FFF3A" box="[206,444,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea pseudatolmis</emphasis>
(Eltringham, 1912)
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,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61FAE35A1FE09FF58" authority="(Eltringham, 1912)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Eltringham" baseAuthorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctellata">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61FAE35A1FF1FFF58" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea punctellata</emphasis>
(Eltringham, 1912)
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,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61F373583FE87FF79" authority="(Grose-Smith, 1898)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Grose-Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unimaculata">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61F373583FD17FF58" box="[513,756,181,205]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea unimaculata</emphasis>
(Grose-Smith, 1898)
</taxonomicName>
.
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View file

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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7631EDFBB4FB66" bold="true" box="[832,1111,1243,1267]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7631EDFC4AFB66" bold="true" box="[832,937,1243,1267]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">R. acrita</emphasis>
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:
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the 8
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tergite is modified; aedeagus short, distally thin and acute, anteriorly broad and truncate, bifid; uncus short; valve large obtuse with distal processes.
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<subSubSection id="11A6652BD044FFD71E763063FC66F935" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="taxon_list">
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<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E763063FB30FAF8" authority="(Hewitson, [1865])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[832,1235,1365,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acrita">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763063FC0FFAF8" box="[832,1004,1365,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea acrita</emphasis>
(Hewitson, [1865])
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,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD719DE3063FC3FFA19" authority="(Pierre, 1987)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annonae">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719DE3063FA53FAF8" box="[1256,1456,1365,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea annonae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D044FFD71E713042FC36FA19" author="PIERRE, J." box="[839,981,1396,1420]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" pagination="11 - 27" refId="ref16048" refString="PIERRE, J. 1987. Systematique cladistique chez les Acraea (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N. S.) 23 (1): 11 - 27." type="journal article" year="1987">Pierre, 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71ED83042FA48FA19" authority="(Wichgraf, 1918)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Wichgraf" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[1006,1451,1396,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bailundensis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71ED83042FB3EFA19" box="[1006,1245,1396,1420]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea bailundensis</emphasis>
(Wichgraf, 1918)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7630A4FB23FA3F" authority="(Weymer, 1908)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[832,1216,1426,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellona">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7630A4FC1AFA3F" box="[832,1017,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea bellona</emphasis>
(Weymer, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD719E530A4FBE0FA5C" authority="(Oberthur, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaeribula">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719E530A4FA4CFA3F" box="[1235,1455,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea chaeribula</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD7192A3087FA48FA5C" authority="(Suffert, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Suffert" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1052,1451,1457,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diogenes">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7192A3087FB09FA5C" box="[1052,1258,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea diogenes</emphasis>
(Suffert, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71E7630E6FAD8FA7D" authority="(Le Doux, 1932)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Le Doux" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[832,1339,1488,1512]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eltringhamiana">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E7630E6FBB7FA7D" box="[832,1108,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea eltringhamiana</emphasis>
(Le Doux, 1932)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD7186230E6FB80F993" authority="(Oberthur, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guillemei">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7186230E6FC40F993" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea guillemei</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD7194630D8FC63F9B0" authority="(Le Doux, 1932)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Le Doux" baseAuthorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guluensis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD7194630D8FADAF993" box="[1136,1337,1518,1542]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea guluensis</emphasis>
(Le Doux, 1932)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71EBB333BFB00F9B0" authority="(Pierre, 1987)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[909,1251,1549,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loranae">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71EBB333BFBA0F9B0" box="[909,1091,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea loranae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D044FFD71964333BFB38F9B0" author="PIERRE, J." box="[1106,1243,1549,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" pagination="11 - 27" refId="ref16048" refString="PIERRE, J. 1987. Systematique cladistique chez les Acraea (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N. S.) 23 (1): 11 - 27." type="journal article" year="1987">Pierre, 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD719D9333BFC3EF9D1" authority="(Neave, 1910)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Neave" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lualabae">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719D9333BFA4CF9B0" box="[1263,1455,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea lualabae</emphasis>
(Neave, 1910)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71EDD331AFAA5F9D1" authority="(Thurau, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Thurau" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1003,1350,1580,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71EDD331AFB74F9D1" box="[1003,1175,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea manca</emphasis>
(Thurau, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71862331AFB49F9F7" authority="(Oberthur, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="periphanes">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71862331AFC54F9F7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea periphanes</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD719E6337CFBC9F914" authority="(Staudinger, [1885])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pudorina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD719E6337CFA53F9F7" box="[1232,1456,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea pudorina</emphasis>
(Staudinger, [1885])
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD71970335FFC62F935" authority="(Thurau, 1903)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Thurau" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="utengulensis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71970335FFADFF914" box="[1094,1340,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea utengulensis</emphasis>
(Thurau, 1903)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
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<mods:title id="A9790219874151B27DD3B316EF1D2EF4">Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763391FC7FF92A" bold="true" box="[832,924,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">R. egina</emphasis>
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species-group
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:
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<paragraph id="590336A0D044FFD7197A3390FC76F969" blockId="4.[832,1456,1240,2125]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">aedeagus moderately long; uncus short, basally broad; valve large, elongate, not narrowing distally.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D044FFD71E763234FC3FF88F" box="[832,988,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rubraea egina</emphasis>
(Cramer, [1775])
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<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D044FFD719923234FC72F8AC" authority="(Cramer, [1775])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medea">
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(Cramer, [1775])
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(Sharpe, 1893)
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View file

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<mods:detail id="ECFD230553E52CDAD81185D41A1C0155" type="volume">
<mods:number id="012684D218CF69C51F48A47A8E78413B">34</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D211E3C001EB3FA86FDDA22BBBDD20AC">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BEA40858B5D5EDD709B46E6100738280">35</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="45BB1EC3AA41948634C6EAB427FF5546">
<mods:url id="903036DD497758E690D3D04AC0118D81">http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="6FB1430639870FD9925EEB15F89ED686">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C80DEFA1320A4DEFCE7388515F244A46" type="DOI">10.4314/met.v34i1.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F6017B541EAEC5F6B52262DFE3EE3F09" type="ISSN">2307-5031</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="46E7E21A947F8638925D9EF4675A23DB" type="Zenodo-Dep">14119310</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D1E227125A245AEA0C621DC4870E5E40" type="ZooBank">CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D11587B6D045FFD51DB23708FDBBFC81" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D11587B6D045FFD51DB23708FDBBFC81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D11587B6D045FFD51DB23708FDBBFC81" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD045FFD61DB23708FDB7FDC3" box="[132,596,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61DB23708FDB7FDC3" blockId="5.[132,620,574,629]" box="[132,596,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB23708FF2FFDC3" bold="true" box="[132,204,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Genus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61DE53708FE04FDC3" authority="Henning, 1992" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[211,487,574,598]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DE53708FEA2FDC3" bold="true" box="[211,321,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D045FFD61C7E3708FE04FDC3" author="HENNING, G. A." box="[328,487,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" pagination="100 - 114" refId="ref15689" refString="HENNING, G. A. 1992. Phylogenetic notes on the African species of the subfamily Acraeinae. Part 1. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Metamorphosis 3 (3): 100 - 114." type="journal article" year="1992">Henning, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61CDB3708FDB7FDC3" bold="true" box="[493,596,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD61CDB3708FDB7FDC3" box="[493,596,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD045FFD61DB2376BFD8FFDE1" box="[132,620,604,629]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61DB2376BFD8FFDE1" blockId="5.[132,620,574,629]" box="[132,620,604,629]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<typeStatus id="86078802D045FFD61DB2376BFF58FDE0" box="[132,187,605,629]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61C23376AFD8FFDE1" authority="Fabricius, 1781" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1781" box="[277,620,604,628]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caecilia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61C23376AFE5DFDE1" box="[277,446,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Papilio caecilia</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1781
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="0DC36628D045FFD61DB236BEFD7FFC40" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14119324" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14119324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14119324/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" startId="5.[132,200,904,925]" targetBox="[135,754,655,871]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61DB236BEFD7FFC40" blockId="5.[132,757,903,981]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB236BEFF3DFC08" bold="true" box="[132,222,904,925]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figure 4</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61DC936B1FE57FC08" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[255,436,903,925]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caecilia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DC936B1FE57FC08" box="[255,436,903,925]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia caecilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(male), the type species of the genus. Left upper side. Right underside. Wingspan: 48 mm. Zamaye, Cameroon. July 1993. Ex Henning Collection.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD045FFD61DB236C5FB22FD06" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="description">
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61DB236C5FDAEFBBE" blockId="5.[132,756,1011,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">This is a purely Afrotropical genus of 29 medium- to large-sized species. The lineage arose ~ 17 Mya.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61DB2317CFB74FF04" blockId="5.[132,756,1097,2104]" lastBlockId="5.[832,1175,120,145]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB2317CFF5CFBF7" bold="true" box="[132,191,1098,1122]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Body</emphasis>
: Head large, broad and hairy. Antennae shorter than half length of forewing, averaging 47% (43-50%) of forewing for both sexes. Palpi 1
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D045FFD61CDB31B3FE1AFB06" attach="left" box="[493,505,1157,1171]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">st</superScript>
joint twice as long as broad, 2
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D045FFD61DD53192FF17FB27" attach="left" box="[227,244,1188,1202]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">nd</superScript>
joint three times longer than first joint and terminal joint minute, oval. All joints hairy. Thorax short, compressed laterally, hairy and scaly. Abdomen long, extending beyond outer edge of hindwings, laterally compressed, broader distally.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61CFC3016FE1CFAAD" bold="true" box="[458,511,1312,1336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Legs</emphasis>
: Anterior legs slender and less than half length of pterothoracic legs; tarsi of male single joint without spines, female tarsi five jointed with spines on each except last, no terminal spine. Pterothoracic legs, robust, external claw of male furrowed on inner surface, terminal claws asymmetrical.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61F08308CFD0EFA47" bold="true" box="[574,749,1466,1490]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Wing venation</emphasis>
: Radial veins of forewing not stalked; R1 branching off from cell rather than stalked. Cell of hindwing about half of total wing length. Markings: Hindwing has the spots in the row below the apex joined to the central row creating a discontinuous arrangement of spots (7:2 configuration). Hyaline areas and hyaline patches restricted to subapical area of forewing. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing upperside.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61CB63399FDC1F952" bold="true" box="[384,546,1711,1735]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Male genitalia</emphasis>
: Uncus short, acute or slightly bifid tip; aedeagus long to very long, narrow but not needle like, basally bulbous but not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8th tergite or sternite not present; valves comparatively short and angular, distally broad; juxta small, subangular to elongated, gutter like, weakly sclerotized; vinculum fairly broad; saccus pronounced, broad to very elongate.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61C4832B0FDDAF80B" bold="true" box="[382,569,1926,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Female genitalia</emphasis>
: Anal lobes short and broad, posterior apophyses as long or longer than the lobes; sterigma broad and lobed; ostium anteriorly or posteriorly placed; ductus long to very long; bursa spherical to ovoid; single pair of small signa, may be widely separated. Sphragis may be present or absent depending on the species group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E763586FB22FD06" blockId="5.[831,1456,175,659]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763586FC28FF5D" bold="true" box="[832,971,176,200]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Early stages</emphasis>
: Egg conical, flat topped; laid in clusters but in some species singly. Larvae gregarious. Pupa with wing veins delicately outlined in black.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619F935DBFA4BFE90" bold="true" box="[1231,1448,237,261]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Host plant genera</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E76343DFC6FFEB6" box="[832,908,267,291]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Adenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E76343DFC6FFEB6" box="[832,908,267,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Adenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(12 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61912343DFB7AFEB6" box="[1060,1177,267,291]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Tricliceras" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61912343DFB7AFEB6" box="[1060,1177,267,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Tricliceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(6 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61812343DFA72FEB6" box="[1316,1425,267,291]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61812343DFA72FEB6" box="[1316,1425,267,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Passiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E9E341DFC3AFED7" box="[936,985,299,322]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Vitis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E9E341DFC3AFED7" box="[936,985,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Vitis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61925341CFB84FED7" box="[1043,1127,298,322]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Oncoba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61925341CFB84FED7" box="[1043,1127,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Oncoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3 records each). One record each for
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61EFC347FFBABFEF4" box="[970,1096,329,353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Basananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61EFC347FFBABFEF4" box="[970,1096,329,353]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Basananthe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6195A347FFB2EFEF5" box="[1132,1229,329,352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Paropsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD6195A347FFB2EFEF5" box="[1132,1229,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Paropsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD619C4347FFAD5FEF4" box="[1266,1334,329,353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Malva" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619C4347FFAD5FEF4" box="[1266,1334,329,353]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Malva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6186D347FFA4AFEF5" box="[1371,1449,329,352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Loewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD6186D347FFA4AFEF5" box="[1371,1449,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Loewia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E093451FC01FEEA" box="[831,994,359,383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Streptopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E093451FC01FEEA" box="[831,994,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Streptopetalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61EC43451FB64FEEA" box="[1010,1159,359,383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Wormskioldia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61EC43451FB64FEEA" box="[1010,1159,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Wormskioldia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6198B3451FACBFEEA" box="[1213,1320,359,383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Xylotheca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD6198B3451FACBFEEA" box="[1213,1320,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Xylotheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61801345EFC7AFE0B" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Host plant families</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E8434B0FBA9FE0B" box="[946,1098,390,414]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Passifloraceae</taxonomicName>
(14 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6183534B0FA64FE08" box="[1283,1415,390,413]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Turneraceae</taxonomicName>
(7 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E9E3492FBEBFE29" box="[936,1032,420,444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD619203492FB65FE29" box="[1046,1158,420,444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD619F43492FAD6FE29" box="[1218,1333,420,444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
(3 records each). One record for
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6197734F5FB2BFE4E" box="[1089,1224,451,475]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Achariaceae</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619EE34F2FA44FE49" bold="true" box="[1240,1447,452,476]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Habitats (biomes)</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E7634D4FC4AFE6F" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[832,937,482,506]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E7634D4FC4AFE6F" box="[832,937,482,506]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a genus largely of woodland and savanna biomes. Savanna (12 spp.), Woodland (11 spp.), forest (2 spp.)
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E483716FB81FDAD" bold="true" box="[894,1122,544,568]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Geographical range</emphasis>
: The genus is centred in east-central Africa, extending to
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD619B63708FB2DFDC3" box="[1152,1230,574,598]" name="Angola" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Angola</collectingCountry>
in the west. Found predominantly in
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD61932376AFBB9FDE1" box="[1028,1114,604,628]" name="Uganda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD6195F376BFB52FDE0" box="[1129,1201,605,629]" name="Kenya" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD61989376AFAC0FDE1" box="[1215,1315,604,628]" name="Tanzania" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, eastern and southern
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD61E94374DFC38FD06" box="[930,987,635,659]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">DRC</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD61ED0374DFBD4FD06" box="[998,1079,635,659]" name="Zambia" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Zambia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD6195A374DFB5EFD06" box="[1132,1213,635,659]" name="Angola" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Angola</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD045FFD61E763785FBAAFBBB" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E763785FC4EFD5E" blockId="5.[832,941,691,715]" box="[832,941,691,715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763785FC4EFD5E" bold="true" box="[832,941,691,715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E7637DCFA9EFCC8" blockId="5.[832,1455,746,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
Facies: Rufous to ochreous with black spots. Hyaline patches are present but are restricted to the subapical area of the forewing. The genus
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD619503611FB33FCAA" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[1126,1232,807,831]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619503611FB33FCAA" box="[1126,1232,807,831]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E4C3673FC35FCC8" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[890,982,837,861]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E4C3673FC35FCC8" box="[890,982,837,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the generally more acute forewings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E76364BFBAAFBBB" blockId="5.[832,1455,893,1071]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
Genitalia: The male aedeagus is long to very long, narrow but not needle-like; basally bulbous but not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D045FFD6196B368EFB89FC53" attach="left" box="[1117,1130,952,966]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">th</superScript>
tergite or sternite not present; valves comparatively short and angular. The female genitalia have the sterigma broad and lobed, with the ductus long to very long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD045FFD51E763178FD9AFE9E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E763178FC58FBF3" blockId="5.[832,955,1102,1126]" box="[832,955,1102,1126]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763178FC58FBF3" bold="true" box="[832,955,1102,1126]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Species list</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E7631B3FA91FB29" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="024B81CCD045FFD61E7631B3FA91FB29" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" reason="8">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E7631B3FB0FFB09" authority="(Westwood, 1881)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[832,1260,1156,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aglaonice" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E7631B3FBFCFB08" bold="true" box="[832,1055,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia aglaonice</emphasis>
(Westwood, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619C531B3FA8DFB08" bold="true" box="[1267,1390,1157,1181]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619C531B3FA8DFB08" box="[1267,1390,1157,1181]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E763192FB12FB2E" authority="(Karsch, 1894)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[832,1265,1187,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asboloplintha" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763192FBA9FB29" bold="true" box="[832,1098,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia asboloplintha</emphasis>
(Karsch, 1894)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619C13192FA91FB29" bold="true" box="[1271,1394,1188,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619C13192FA91FB29" box="[1271,1394,1188,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E9631F4FB87FB6D" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E9631F4FB87FB6D" authority="(Westwood, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="asboloplintha" subSpecies="asboloplintha">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E9631F4FA4CFB4F" box="[928,1455,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia asboloplintha asboloplintha</emphasis>
(Westwood, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E9631C9FBBCFAA3" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E9631C9FC3EFAA3" authority="(Trimen, 1909)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Trimen" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="asboloplintha" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="rubescens">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E9631C9FADBFA82" box="[928,1336,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia asboloplintha rubescens</emphasis>
(Trimen, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61ED53028FBBCFAA3" bold="true" box="[995,1119,1310,1334]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD61ED53028FBBCFAA3" box="[995,1119,1310,1334]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E76300BFAEFFAC0" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1292,1341,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E76300BFB69FAC0" authority="(Pierre, 2004)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[832,1162,1341,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atatis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E76300BFC0CFAC0" bold="true" box="[832,1007,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia atatis</emphasis>
(Pierre, 2004)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619A7300BFAEFFAC0" bold="true" box="[1169,1292,1341,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619A7300BFAEFFAC0" box="[1169,1292,1341,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E76306AFA81FAE1" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1378,1371,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E76306AFB03FAE6" authority="(Westwood, 1881)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[832,1248,1371,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atergatis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E76306AFBF0FAE1" bold="true" box="[832,1043,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia atergatis</emphasis>
(Westwood, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619D1306AFA81FAE1" bold="true" box="[1255,1378,1372,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619D1306AFA81FAE1" box="[1255,1378,1372,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E76304CFAA1FA07" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1346,1402,1426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E76304CFB5CFA07" authority="(Westwood, 1881)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[832,1215,1402,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="axina" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E76304CFC11FA07" bold="true" box="[832,1010,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia axina</emphasis>
(Westwood, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619F0304CFAA1FA07" bold="true" box="[1222,1346,1402,1426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619F0304CFAA1FA07" box="[1222,1346,1402,1426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E7630AFFADEFA24" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1341,1432,1457]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E7630AFFB58FA25" authority="(Godman, 1885)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[832,1211,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="braesia" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E7630AFFBE7FA24" bold="true" box="[832,1028,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia braesia</emphasis>
(Godman, 1885)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619F430AFFADEFA24" bold="true" box="[1218,1341,1433,1457]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619F430AFFADEFA24" box="[1218,1341,1433,1457]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E763081FA91FA5A" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1394,1463,1487]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E763081FB13FA5A" authority="(Rogenhofer, 1890)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Rogenhofer" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[832,1264,1463,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buettneri" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763081FBF4FA5A" bold="true" box="[832,1047,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia buettneri</emphasis>
(Rogenhofer, 1890)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619C13081FA91FA5A" bold="true" box="[1271,1394,1463,1487]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619C13081FA91FA5A" box="[1271,1394,1463,1487]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E7630E0FAAAFA7B" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1353,1494,1518]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E7630E0FB24FA7B" authority="(Fabricius, 1781)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[832,1223,1494,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caecilia" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E7630E0FBEBFA7B" bold="true" box="[832,1032,1494,1518]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia caecilia</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1781)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619F830E0FAAAFA7B" bold="true" box="[1230,1353,1494,1518]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619F830E0FAAAFA7B" box="[1230,1353,1494,1518]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E7630C3FA86F998" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1381,1525,1549]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E7630C3FB00F998" authority="(Hewitson, 1877)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[832,1251,1525,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarena" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E7630C3FBC1F998" bold="true" box="[832,1058,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia caldarena</emphasis>
(Hewitson, 1877)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619DC30C3FA86F998" bold="true" box="[1258,1381,1525,1549]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619DC30C3FA86F998" box="[1258,1381,1525,1549]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E963325FBFAF9FC" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E963325FA53F9BE" authority="(Hewitson, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[928,1456,1555,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="caldarena" subSpecies="caldarena">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E963325FB0DF9BE" box="[928,1262,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia caldarena caldarena</emphasis>
(Hewitson, 1877)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E963304FA53F9DF" authority="(Oberthur, 1878)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[928,1456,1586,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="caldarena" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="neluska">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E963304FB00F9DF" box="[928,1251,1586,1610]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia caldarena neluska</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1878)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61EA83367FBFAF9FC" bold="true" box="[926,1049,1617,1641]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD61EA83367FBFAF9FC" box="[926,1049,1617,1641]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E763359FC33F933" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E763359FABEF912" authority="(Guerin-Meneville, 1849)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[832,1373,1647,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doubledayi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763359FBD0F912" bold="true" box="[832,1075,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia doubledayi</emphasis>
(Guérin-Méneville, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD6185D3359FC33F933" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD6185D3359FC33F933" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E96339AFBB5F976" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E96339AFBB5F976" authority="(Guerin-Meneville, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="doubledayi" subSpecies="doubledayi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E96339AFAD7F951" box="[928,1332,1708,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia doubledayi doubledayi</emphasis>
(Guérin-Méneville, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E9633DCFBFAF8B4" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E9633DCFA53F897" authority="(d'Abrera, 1980)" baseAuthorityName="d'Abrera" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[928,1456,1770,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="doubledayi" subSpecies="azvaki">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E9633DCFB01F897" box="[928,1250,1770,1794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia doubledayi azvaki</emphasis>
(dAbrera, 1980)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61EA8323FFBFAF8B4" bold="true" box="[926,1049,1801,1825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD61EA8323FFBFAF8B4" box="[926,1049,1801,1825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E76321EFAD2F8D5" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1329,1831,1856]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E76321EFB4CF8AA" authority="(Eltringham, 1911)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Eltringham" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[832,1199,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ella" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E76321EFC3FF8D5" bold="true" box="[832,988,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia ella</emphasis>
(Eltringham, 1911)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61980321EFAD2F8D5" bold="true" box="[1206,1329,1832,1856]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD61980321EFAD2F8D5" box="[1206,1329,1832,1856]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E763270FABBF8CB" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1368,1862,1886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E763270FB35F8CB" authority="(Neave, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Neave" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[832,1238,1862,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="equatorialis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763270FBD5F8CB" bold="true" box="[832,1078,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia equatorialis</emphasis>
(Neave, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619EA3270FABBF8CB" bold="true" box="[1244,1368,1862,1886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619EA3270FABBF8CB" box="[1244,1368,1862,1886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E963253FC3EF80E" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E963253FC3EF80E" authority="(Neave, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Neave" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="equatorialis" subSpecies="equatorialis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E963253FAA2F8E8" box="[928,1345,1893,1917]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia equatorialis equatorialis</emphasis>
(Neave, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61EA83294FBFAF84C" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61EA83294FA4CF82F" authority="(Suffert, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Suffert" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[926,1455,1954,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="equatorialis" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="caoncius">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61EA83294FB1CF82F" box="[926,1279,1954,1978]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia equatorialis caoncius</emphasis>
(Suffert, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61EA832F7FBFAF84C" bold="true" box="[926,1049,1985,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD61EA832F7FBFAF84C" box="[926,1049,1985,2009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E7632D6FA99F86D" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1402,2015,2040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E7632D6FB1BF862" authority="(Ackery, 1995)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Ackery" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[832,1272,2015,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermediodes" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E7632D6FBADF86D" bold="true" box="[832,1102,2016,2040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia intermediodes</emphasis>
(Ackery, 1995)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619C932D6FA99F86D" bold="true" box="[1279,1402,2016,2040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619C932D6FA99F86D" box="[1279,1402,2016,2040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E7632C8FA97F783" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1396,2046,2070]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E7632C8FB11F783" authority="(Aurivillius, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Aurivillius" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[832,1266,2046,2070]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucopyga" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E7632C8FBC0F783" bold="true" box="[832,1059,2046,2070]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia leucopyga</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619CF32C8FA97F783" bold="true" box="[1273,1396,2046,2070]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD619CF32C8FA97F783" box="[1273,1396,2046,2070]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E763D2BFB14F7A0" blockId="5.[832,1456,1156,2101]" box="[832,1271,2077,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E763D2BFB96F7A0" authority="(Pierre, 2006)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[832,1141,2077,2101]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lyci" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763D2BFC39F7A0" bold="true" box="[832,986,2077,2101]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia lyci</emphasis>
(Pierre, 2006)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD6194A3D2BFB14F7A0" bold="true" box="[1148,1271,2077,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD6194A3D2BFB14F7A0" box="[1148,1271,2077,2101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB2354EFDB2FF05" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,593,120,144]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB2354EFE2CFF05" authority="(Druce, 1875)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[132,463,120,144]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB2354EFED1FF05" bold="true" box="[132,306,120,144]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia lygus</emphasis>
(Druce, 1875)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51CE0354EFDB2FF05" box="[470,593,120,144]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51CE0354EFDB2FF05" bold="true" box="[470,593,120,144]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<subSection id="30332F4BD046FFD51DB235A1FD9AFE9E" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="multiple">
<heading id="024B81CCD046FFD51DB235A1FD9AFE9E" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" reason="5">
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB235A1FD99FF3A" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,634,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB235A1FE1AFF3A" authority="(Butler, 1886)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[132,505,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB235A1FEB9FF3A" bold="true" box="[132,346,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia mirabilis</emphasis>
(Butler, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51CC935A1FD99FF3A" box="[511,634,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51CC935A1FD99FF3A" bold="true" box="[511,634,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB23580FD8EFF5B" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,621,181,206]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB23580FE08FF58" authority="(Riley, 1920)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Riley" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[132,491,181,206]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miranda" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB23580FEB5FF5B" bold="true" box="[132,342,182,206]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia miranda</emphasis>
(Riley, 1920)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51CC43580FD8EFF5B" box="[498,621,182,206]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51CC43580FD8EFF5B" bold="true" box="[498,621,182,206]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB235E2FD78FF79" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,667,212,236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB235E2FDFAFF79" authority="(Boisduval, 1847)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[132,537,212,236]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalica" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB235E2FEB2FF79" bold="true" box="[132,337,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia natalica</emphasis>
(Boisduval, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51F1635E2FD78FF79" box="[544,667,212,236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F1635E2FD78FF79" bold="true" box="[544,667,212,236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB235C5FD9AFE9E" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,633,242,267]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB235C5FE14FE9F" authority="(Hopffer, 1855)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hopffer" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[132,503,242,267]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oncaea" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB235C5FEA5FE9E" bold="true" box="[132,326,243,267]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia oncaea</emphasis>
(Hopffer, 1855)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51CC835C5FD9AFE9E" bold="true" box="[510,633,243,267]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51CC835C5FD9AFE9E" box="[510,633,243,267]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</heading>
</subSection>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD046FFD51DD23427FE40FEF2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DD23427FD46FEBC" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[228,677,273,297]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DD23427FD46FEBC" authority="(Hopffer, 1855)" baseAuthorityName="Hopffer" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[228,677,273,297]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oncaea" subSpecies="oncaea">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DD23427FE16FEBC" box="[228,501,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia oncaea oncaea</emphasis>
(Hopffer, 1855)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DD23406FE40FEF2" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DD23406FEC2FEF2" authority="(Bernaud &amp; Collins, 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Bernaud &amp; Collins" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oncaea" subSpecies="shimba">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DD23406FDE2FEDD" box="[228,513,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia oncaea shimba</emphasis>
(Bernaud &amp; Collins, 2021)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51C1E3479FE40FEF2" bold="true" box="[296,419,335,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51C1E3479FE40FEF2" box="[296,419,335,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="0DC36628D046FFD51E763466FACFFE08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14119326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14119326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14119326/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" startId="6.[832,900,336,357]" targetBox="[834,1450,115,304]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51E763466FACFFE08" blockId="6.[832,1456,336,413]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51E763466FC76FEF0" bold="true" box="[832,917,336,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Figure 5</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51E9B3466FBF8FEF3" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[941,1051,336,358]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Tildia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zetes">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51E9B3466FBF8FEF3" box="[941,1051,336,358]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Tildia zetes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(male), the type species of the genus. Left upper side. Right underside. Wingspan: 65 mm. Kakum Forest, Ghana. 20 November 2011. J.C.H. Dobson.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD046FFD51DD2345BFDBBFC81" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DD2345BFE40FE31" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DD2345BFEC2FE31" authority="(Bernaud &amp; Collins, 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Bernaud &amp; Collins" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oncaea" subSpecies="idjwi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DD2345BFE10FE10" box="[228,499,365,389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia oncaea idjwi</emphasis>
(Bernaud &amp; Collins, 2021)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51C1E34BAFE40FE31" bold="true" box="[296,419,396,420]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51C1E34BAFE40FE31" box="[296,419,396,420]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB2349DFD35FE56" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,726,426,451]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB2349DFDB7FE57" authority="(Westwood, [1852])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[132,596,426,451]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudegina" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB2349DFE97FE56" bold="true" box="[132,372,427,451]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia pseudegina</emphasis>
(Westwood, [1852])
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51F6D349DFD35FE56" box="[603,726,427,451]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F6D349DFD35FE56" bold="true" box="[603,726,427,451]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB234FCFD7BFE77" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,664,457,482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB234FCFDF5FE74" authority="(Aurivillius, 1910)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Aurivillius" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[132,534,457,482]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pudora" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB234FCFEA5FE77" bold="true" box="[132,326,458,482]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia pudora</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, 1910)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51F2B34FCFD7BFE77" box="[541,664,458,482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F2B34FCFD7BFE77" bold="true" box="[541,664,458,482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB234DEFD26FD95" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,709,488,512]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB234DEFDA1FD95" authority="(Aurivillius, [1899])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Aurivillius" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[132,578,488,512]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pudorella" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB234DEFE82FD95" bold="true" box="[132,353,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia pudorella</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, [1899])
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F7F34DEFD26FD95" bold="true" box="[585,709,488,512]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51F7F34DEFD26FD95" box="[585,709,488,512]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DD23731FD17FD8A" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[228,756,519,543]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DD23731FD17FD8A" authority="(Aurivillius, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Aurivillius" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[228,756,519,543]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pudorella" subSpecies="pudorella">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DD23731FDCBFD8A" box="[228,552,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia pudorella pudorella</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, 1899)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DD23713FEF0FDC9" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DD23713FD49FDA8" authority="(Neave, 1910) comb." authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Neave" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[228,682,549,573]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pudorella" status="comb." subSpecies="detecta">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DD23713FDEEFDA8" box="[228,525,549,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia pudorella detecta</emphasis>
(Neave, 1910)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51F993710FEEDFDC9" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F993710FD17FDAB" bold="true" box="[687,756,550,574]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DD53772FEF0FDC9" bold="true" box="[227,275,580,604]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB23755FD63FDEE" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,640,610,635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB23755FE1DFDEF" authority="(Oberthur, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[132,510,610,635]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regalis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB23755FEA1FDEE" bold="true" box="[132,322,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia regalis</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51F333755FD63FDEE" box="[517,640,611,635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F333755FD63FDEE" bold="true" box="[517,640,611,635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB237B4FD55FD0F" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,694,641,666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB237B4FDD7FD0C" authority="(Wichgraf, 1909)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Wichgraf" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[132,564,641,666]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodesiana" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB237B4FE90FD0F" bold="true" box="[132,371,642,666]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia rhodesiana</emphasis>
(Wichgraf, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51F0C37B4FD55FD0F" box="[570,694,642,666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F0C37B4FD55FD0F" bold="true" box="[570,694,642,666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB23796FD6AFD2D" blockId="6.[132,756,120,788]" box="[132,649,672,696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB23796FEA6FD2D" bold="true" box="[132,325,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia rogersi</emphasis>
(Hewitson, 1873)
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F383796FD6AFD2D" bold="true" box="[526,649,672,696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB23789FEBBFD42" bold="true" box="[132,344,703,727]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia stenobea</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F013789FD50FD42" bold="true" box="[567,691,703,727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB237E8FE3CFD60" authority="(Sharpe, 1902)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Sharpe" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[132,479,733,758]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sykesi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB237E8FEDAFD63" bold="true" box="[132,313,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia sykesi</emphasis>
(Sharpe, 1902)
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51CD037E8FD82FD63" bold="true" box="[486,609,734,758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">comb. nov.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB237CAFE35FC81" authority="(Pierre, 1995)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[132,470,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zoumi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB237CAFED8FC81" bold="true" box="[132,315,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia zoumi</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1995)
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D046FFD51CEB37CAFDBBFC81" box="[477,600,764,788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
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<mods:title id="1DD2B5CDFE0D74A92A6060CA330879EF">Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB234BAFEE4FE31" bold="true" box="[132,263,396,420]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">R. cepheus</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB234FFFED9FE74" box="[132,314,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea abdera</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61F0234FFFD17FE74" box="[564,756,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea cepheus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61C6F34DEFDF7FD95" box="[345,532,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea petraea</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB23731FECFFD8A" box="[132,300,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea rohlfsi</emphasis>
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View file

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</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61F023406FECAFEF2" authority="(Trimen, 1894)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Trimen" baseAuthorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omrora">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61F023406FD17FEDD" box="[564,756,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea omrora</emphasis>
(Trimen, 1894)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61C053479FD6DFEF2" authority="(Pierre, 1988)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[307,654,335,359]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="overlaeti">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61C053479FE10FEF2" box="[307,499,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea overlaeti</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1988)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61FAE3479FE4CFE10" authority="(Boisduval, 1847)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violarum">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61FAE3479FF07FE10" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea violarum</emphasis>
(Boisduval, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,214 +0,0 @@
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<mods:title id="A5707B06DC61CBA60303AAFCA58F34C6">Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="11A6652BD045FFD61DB23708FDB7FDC3" box="[132,596,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61DB23708FDB7FDC3" blockId="5.[132,620,574,629]" box="[132,596,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="024B81CCD045FFD61DB23708FDB7FDC3" box="[132,596,574,598]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" reason="2">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB23708FF2FFDC3" bold="true" box="[132,204,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Genus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61DE53708FE04FDC3" authority="Henning, 1992" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[211,487,574,598]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DE53708FEA2FDC3" bold="true" box="[211,321,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D2D4B51D045FFD61C7E3708FE04FDC3" author="HENNING, G. A." box="[328,487,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" pagination="100 - 114" refId="ref15689" refString="HENNING, G. A. 1992. Phylogenetic notes on the African species of the subfamily Acraeinae. Part 1. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Metamorphosis 3 (3): 100 - 114." type="journal article" year="1992">Henning, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61CDB3708FDB7FDC3" bold="true" box="[493,596,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70FB57C9D045FFD61CDB3708FDB7FDC3" box="[493,596,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD045FFD61DB2376BFB22FD06" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61DB2376BFD8FFDE1" blockId="5.[132,620,574,629]" box="[132,620,604,629]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<typeStatus id="86078802D045FFD61DB2376BFF58FDE0" box="[132,187,605,629]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61C23376AFD8FFDE1" authority="Fabricius, 1781" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1781" box="[277,620,604,628]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caecilia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61C23376AFE5DFDE1" box="[277,446,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Papilio caecilia</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1781
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E76354EFB74FF04" blockId="5.[832,1175,120,145]" box="[832,1175,120,145]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">depending on the species group.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E763586FB22FD06" blockId="5.[831,1456,175,659]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763586FC28FF5D" bold="true" box="[832,971,176,200]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Early stages</emphasis>
: Egg conical, flat topped; laid in clusters but in some species singly. Larvae gregarious. Pupa with wing veins delicately outlined in black.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619F935DBFA4BFE90" bold="true" box="[1231,1448,237,261]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Host plant genera</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E76343DFC6FFEB6" box="[832,908,267,291]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Adenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E76343DFC6FFEB6" box="[832,908,267,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Adenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(12 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61912343DFB7AFEB6" box="[1060,1177,267,291]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Tricliceras" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61912343DFB7AFEB6" box="[1060,1177,267,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Tricliceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(6 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61812343DFA72FEB6" box="[1316,1425,267,291]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61812343DFA72FEB6" box="[1316,1425,267,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Passiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E9E341DFC3AFED7" box="[936,985,299,322]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Vitis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E9E341DFC3AFED7" box="[936,985,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Vitis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61925341CFB84FED7" box="[1043,1127,298,322]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Oncoba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61925341CFB84FED7" box="[1043,1127,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Oncoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3 records each). One record each for
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61EFC347FFBABFEF4" box="[970,1096,329,353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Basananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61EFC347FFBABFEF4" box="[970,1096,329,353]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Basananthe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6195A347FFB2EFEF5" box="[1132,1229,329,352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Paropsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD6195A347FFB2EFEF5" box="[1132,1229,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Paropsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD619C4347FFAD5FEF4" box="[1266,1334,329,353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Malva" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619C4347FFAD5FEF4" box="[1266,1334,329,353]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Malva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6186D347FFA4AFEF5" box="[1371,1449,329,352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Loewia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD6186D347FFA4AFEF5" box="[1371,1449,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Loewia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E093451FC01FEEA" box="[831,994,359,383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Streptopetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E093451FC01FEEA" box="[831,994,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Streptopetalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61EC43451FB64FEEA" box="[1010,1159,359,383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" genus="Wormskioldia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61EC43451FB64FEEA" box="[1010,1159,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Wormskioldia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6198B3451FACBFEEA" box="[1213,1320,359,383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Xylotheca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD6198B3451FACBFEEA" box="[1213,1320,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Xylotheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61801345EFC7AFE0B" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Host plant families</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E8434B0FBA9FE0B" box="[946,1098,390,414]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Passifloraceae</taxonomicName>
(14 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6183534B0FA64FE08" box="[1283,1415,390,413]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Turneraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Turneraceae</taxonomicName>
(7 records),
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E9E3492FBEBFE29" box="[936,1032,420,444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD619203492FB65FE29" box="[1046,1158,420,444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD619F43492FAD6FE29" box="[1218,1333,420,444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
(3 records each). One record for
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD6197734F5FB2BFE4E" box="[1089,1224,451,475]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Achariaceae</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619EE34F2FA44FE49" bold="true" box="[1240,1447,452,476]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Habitats (biomes)</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E7634D4FC4AFE6F" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[832,937,482,506]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E7634D4FC4AFE6F" box="[832,937,482,506]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a genus largely of woodland and savanna biomes. Savanna (12 spp.), Woodland (11 spp.), forest (2 spp.)
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E483716FB81FDAD" bold="true" box="[894,1122,544,568]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Geographical range</emphasis>
: The genus is centred in east-central Africa, extending to
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD619B63708FB2DFDC3" box="[1152,1230,574,598]" name="Angola" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Angola</collectingCountry>
in the west. Found predominantly in
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD61932376AFBB9FDE1" box="[1028,1114,604,628]" name="Uganda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD6195F376BFB52FDE0" box="[1129,1201,605,629]" name="Kenya" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD61989376AFAC0FDE1" box="[1215,1315,604,628]" name="Tanzania" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, eastern and southern
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD61E94374DFC38FD06" box="[930,987,635,659]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">DRC</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD61ED0374DFBD4FD06" box="[998,1079,635,659]" name="Zambia" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Zambia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="21AB7630D045FFD6195A374DFB5EFD06" box="[1132,1213,635,659]" name="Angola" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Angola</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11A6652BD045FFD61E763785FC58FBF3" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E763785FC4EFD5E" blockId="5.[832,941,691,715]" box="[832,941,691,715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763785FC4EFD5E" bold="true" box="[832,941,691,715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61E7637DCFA9EFCC8" blockId="5.[832,1455,746,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
Facies: Rufous to ochreous with black spots. Hyaline patches are present but are restricted to the subapical area of the forewing. The genus
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD619503611FB33FCAA" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[1126,1232,807,831]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD619503611FB33FCAA" box="[1126,1232,807,831]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61E4C3673FC35FCC8" authorityName="Henning" authorityYear="1992" box="[890,982,837,861]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Rubraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E4C3673FC35FCC8" box="[890,982,837,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Rubraea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the generally more acute forewings.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB236BEFF3DFC08" bold="true" box="[132,222,904,925]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figure 4</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D045FFD61DC936B1FE57FC08" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[255,436,903,925]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caecilia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DC936B1FE57FC08" box="[255,436,903,925]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Stephenia caecilia</emphasis>
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(male), the type species of the genus. Left upper side. Right underside. Wingspan: 48 mm. Zamaye, Cameroon. July 1993. Ex Henning Collection.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61DB236C5FDAEFBBE" blockId="5.[132,756,1011,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">This is a purely Afrotropical genus of 29 medium- to large-sized species. The lineage arose ~ 17 Mya.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="590336A0D045FFD61DB2317CFBAAFBBB" blockId="5.[132,756,1097,2104]" lastBlockId="5.[832,1455,893,1071]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61DB2317CFF5CFBF7" bold="true" box="[132,191,1098,1122]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Body</emphasis>
: Head large, broad and hairy. Antennae shorter than half length of forewing, averaging 47% (43-50%) of forewing for both sexes. Palpi 1
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D045FFD61CDB31B3FE1AFB06" attach="left" box="[493,505,1157,1171]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">st</superScript>
joint twice as long as broad, 2
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D045FFD61DD53192FF17FB27" attach="left" box="[227,244,1188,1202]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">nd</superScript>
joint three times longer than first joint and terminal joint minute, oval. All joints hairy. Thorax short, compressed laterally, hairy and scaly. Abdomen long, extending beyond outer edge of hindwings, laterally compressed, broader distally.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61CFC3016FE1CFAAD" bold="true" box="[458,511,1312,1336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Legs</emphasis>
: Anterior legs slender and less than half length of pterothoracic legs; tarsi of male single joint without spines, female tarsi five jointed with spines on each except last, no terminal spine. Pterothoracic legs, robust, external claw of male furrowed on inner surface, terminal claws asymmetrical.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61F08308CFD0EFA47" bold="true" box="[574,749,1466,1490]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Wing venation</emphasis>
: Radial veins of forewing not stalked; R1 branching off from cell rather than stalked. Cell of hindwing about half of total wing length. Markings: Hindwing has the spots in the row below the apex joined to the central row creating a discontinuous arrangement of spots (7:2 configuration). Hyaline areas and hyaline patches restricted to subapical area of forewing. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing upperside.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61CB63399FDC1F952" bold="true" box="[384,546,1711,1735]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Male genitalia</emphasis>
: Uncus short, acute or slightly bifid tip; aedeagus long to very long, narrow but not needle like, basally bulbous but not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8th tergite or sternite not present; valves comparatively short and angular, distally broad; juxta small, subangular to elongated, gutter like, weakly sclerotized; vinculum fairly broad; saccus pronounced, broad to very elongate.
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61C4832B0FDDAF80B" bold="true" box="[382,569,1926,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Female genitalia</emphasis>
: Anal lobes short and broad, posterior apophyses as long or longer than the lobes; sterigma broad and lobed; ostium anteriorly or posteriorly placed; ductus long to very long; bursa spherical to ovoid; single pair of small signa, may be widely separated. Sphragis may be present or absent Genitalia: The male aedeagus is long to very long, narrow but not needle-like; basally bulbous but not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8
<superScript id="AEC99BE8D045FFD6196B368EFB89FC53" attach="left" box="[1117,1130,952,966]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">th</superScript>
tergite or sternite not present; valves comparatively short and angular. The female genitalia have the sterigma broad and lobed, with the ductus long to very long.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D045FFD61E763178FC58FBF3" bold="true" box="[832,955,1102,1126]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Species list</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB230D9FF11F992" bold="true" box="[132,242,1519,1543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">S. rogersi</emphasis>
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species-group
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:
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<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51C9B30D8FDA7F9D1" blockId="6.[132,757,905,1757]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">hindwing with a complete or partial row of submarginal spots and the aedeagus has a large distinctly oval shaped anterior plate.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB2337CFEA2F9F7" box="[132,321,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia rogersi</emphasis>
(Hewitson, 1873)
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:
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<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51CF5335FFDBBF90A" blockId="6.[132,757,905,1757]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">valve has a long process on the basal half, uncus bifid; sphragis present.</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB23390FD88F92B" authority="(Westwood, 1881)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[132,619,1702,1726]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aglaonice">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB23390FE91F92B" box="[132,370,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia aglaonice</emphasis>
(Westwood, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51FBD3390FE67F948" authority="(Butler, 1886)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51FBD3390FF07F948" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia mirabilis</emphasis>
(Butler, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
,
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<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51CB933F3FDBAF948" box="[399,601,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia miranda</emphasis>
(Riley, 1920)
</taxonomicName>
.
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<document id="52FC11A1530A4C091C366AD37092CA3C" ID-DOI="10.4314/met.v34i1.4" ID-ISSN="2307-5031" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14119310" ID-ZooBank="CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1731462088339" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Williams, Mark C. &amp; Henning, Graham A." docDate="2023" docId="D11587B6D046FFD51DB236BFFDC2FA7D" docLanguage="en" docName="Metamorphosis.34.35-49.pdf" docOrigin="Metamorphosis 34 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:73CBAE06DE6A380ACC54A94377F5FCBA.1:Metamorphosis.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="73CBAE06DE6A380ACC54A94377F5FCBA" docStyleName="Metamorphosis.2021-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Stephenia caecilia Williams &amp; Henning 2023" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="2D2CFFCED040FFD31D363536FFE3FF95" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="49" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1735007132401" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
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<mods:title id="FD1EAE65945F74009DD829EEDD01616A">Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="11A6652BD046FFD51DB236BFFE4AFC34" box="[132,425,905,929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB236BFFE4AFC34" blockId="6.[132,757,905,1757]" box="[132,425,905,929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB236BFFE42FC34" bold="true" box="[132,417,905,929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB236BFFF19FC34" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[132,250,905,929]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caecilia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB236BFFF19FC34" bold="true" box="[132,250,905,929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">S. caecilia</emphasis>
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species-group
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:
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<subSubSection id="11A6652BD046FFD51C8336BFFD50FC55" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51C8336BFFD50FC55" blockId="6.[132,757,905,1757]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">the aedeagus and saccus are elongated to very elongated; sphragis mostly absent.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="11A6652BD046FFD51DB236F0FDC2FA7D" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="590336A0D046FFD51DB236F0FDC2FA7D" blockId="6.[132,757,905,1757]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB236F0FDDBFC4B" authority="(Karsch, 1894)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[132,568,966,990]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asboloplintha">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB236F0FE69FC4B" box="[132,394,966,990]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia asboloplintha</emphasis>
(Karsch, 1894)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51F7036F0FEC7FC68" authority="(Pierre, 2004)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atatis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F7036F0FD17FC4B" box="[582,756,966,990]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia atatis</emphasis>
(Pierre, 2004)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51C0136D3FD0CFC68" authority="(Westwood, 1881)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[311,751,997,1021]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atergatis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51C0136D3FDEDFC68" box="[311,526,997,1021]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia atergatis</emphasis>
(Westwood, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB23132FDFBFB89" authority="(Westwood, 1881)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[132,536,1028,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="axina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB23132FEDBFB89" box="[132,312,1028,1052]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia axina</emphasis>
(Westwood, 1881)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51F1A3132FED4FBAF" authority="(Godman, 1885)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="braesia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F1A3132FD17FB89" box="[556,756,1028,1052]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia braesia</emphasis>
(Godman, 1885)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51C753114FD13FBAF" authority="(Rogenhofer, 1890)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Rogenhofer" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[323,752,1058,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buettneri">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51C753114FDF0FBAF" box="[323,531,1058,1082]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia buettneri</emphasis>
(Rogenhofer, 1890)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB23177FDE8FBCC" authority="(Fabricius, 1781)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" box="[132,523,1089,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caecilia">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB23177FEAAFBCC" box="[132,329,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia caecilia</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1781)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51F213177FEBAFBED" authority="(Hewitson, 1877)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarena">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F213177FD17FBCC" box="[535,756,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia caldarena</emphasis>
(Hewitson, 1877)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51C4A3156FEA9FB03" authority="(Guerin-Meneville, 1849)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doubledayi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51C4A3156FD99FBED" box="[380,634,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia doubledayi</emphasis>
(Guérin-Méneville, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51C563148FD0CFB03" authority="(Eltringham, 1911)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Eltringham" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[352,751,1150,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ella">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51C563148FDE0FB03" box="[352,515,1150,1174]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia ella</emphasis>
(Eltringham, 1911)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB231ABFD85FB20" authority="(Neave, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Neave" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[132,614,1181,1205]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="equatorialis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB231ABFE73FB20" box="[132,400,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia equatorialis</emphasis>
(Neave, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51FBD31ABFE09FB46" authority="(Ackery, 1995)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Ackery" baseAuthorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermediodes">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51FBD31ABFEF8FB46" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia intermediodes</emphasis>
(Ackery, 1995)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51F30318DFE81FB67" authority="(Aurivillius, 1904)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Aurivillius" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucopyga">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F30318DFD16FB46" box="[518,757,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia leucopyga</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51CB731ECFD13FB67" authority="(Pierre, 2006)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[385,752,1242,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lyci">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51CB731ECFDC8FB67" box="[385,555,1242,1266]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia lyci</emphasis>
(Pierre, 2006)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB231CFFE1CFA84" authority="(Druce, 1875)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[132,511,1273,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygus">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB231CFFEDDFA84" box="[132,318,1273,1297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia lygus</emphasis>
(Druce, 1875)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51F2A31CFFEB2FAA5" authority="(Boisduval, 1847)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalica">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F2A31CFFD17FA84" box="[540,756,1273,1297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia natalica</emphasis>
(Boisduval, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51C53302EFD0CFAA5" authority="(Hopffer, 1855)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Hopffer" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[357,751,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oncaea">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51C53302EFDC8FAA5" box="[357,555,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia oncaea</emphasis>
(Hopffer, 1855)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB23000FD90FADB" authority="(Westwood, [1852])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[132,627,1334,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudegina">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB23000FE9AFADB" box="[132,377,1334,1358]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia pseudegina</emphasis>
(Westwood, [1852])
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51FBD3000FE39FAF8" authority="(Aurivillius, 1910)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Aurivillius" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pudora">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51FBD3000FF32FAF8" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia pudora</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, 1910)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51F373063FE81FA19" authority="(Aurivillius, [1899])" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Aurivillius" baseAuthorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pudorella">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51F373063FD10FAF8" box="[513,755,1365,1389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia pudorella</emphasis>
(Aurivillius, [1899])
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51C473042FD0CFA19" authority="(Oberthur, 1893)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[369,751,1396,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regalis">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51C473042FDCEFA19" box="[369,557,1396,1420]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia regalis</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DB230A4FD88FA3F" authority="(Wichgraf, 1909)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Wichgraf" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[132,619,1426,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodesiana">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DB230A4FE62FA3F" box="[132,385,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia rhodesiana</emphasis>
(Wichgraf, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51FBD30A4FE2BFA5C" authority="(Wallengren, 1860)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Wallengren" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenobea">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51FBD30A4FF00FA5C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia stenobea</emphasis>
(Wallengren, 1860)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51CEF3087FF26FA7D" authority="(Sharpe, 1902)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Sharpe" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sykesi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51CEF3087FD6DFA5C" box="[473,654,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia sykesi</emphasis>
(Sharpe, 1902)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9EBC4D23D046FFD51DE630E6FDFEFA7D" authority="(Pierre, 1995)" authorityName="Williams &amp; Henning" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Pierre" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[208,541,1488,1512]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Stephenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zoumi">
<emphasis id="6BC8EAB2D046FFD51DE630E6FE9CFA7D" box="[208,383,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stephenia zoumi</emphasis>
(Pierre, 1995)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,158 +1,158 @@
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<tp_taxon-name-part id="FCB6C7D0A4A04394802952624B6AD25C" reg="Vinistriatae" taxon-name-part-type="section">Vinistriatae</tp_taxon-name-part>
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(Raamsd.)
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Zonn.,
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.
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</emphasis>
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<heading id="1CCDB51E85F3686C1AA91F5FE427E438" reason="title">Type.</heading>
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<paragraph id="5CCD626BEF942B8A75C41EEE30D3B88A">
<taxonomicName id="F78489A26237F9CE355A217AA3D01906" authority="Regel" authorityName="Regel" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="greigii">
<emphasis id="848992003C016C4DAF155E5FB6CD08AD" italics="true">Tulipa greigii</emphasis>
Regel
</taxonomicName>
in Gartenflora 22: 290, t. 773. (1873).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
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<tp_taxon-name-part id="07D976BE4AA4D9E9D61029EAA98098C7" taxon-name-part-type="infraspecific-rank">Sect.</tp_taxon-name-part>
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(Raamsd.)
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Zonn. in
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.
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="26AB36E61E7E867491E9CDDA28504BF2" italics="true">Tulipa ivasczenkoae</emphasis>
<comment id="7738C2C17452B888AFD9BDCE62DEDEBD">
Epiktetov &amp; Belyalov in
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.
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<heading id="87D573E21CC4F2A6A0C1E8F14CA32B7D" reason="title">Basionym.</heading>
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<emphasis id="442144997828F1EC90E369B276E0FB9B" italics="true">Tulipa ser. Lanatae</emphasis>
van Raamsd., van Raamsd. &amp; T. de
<bibCitation id="81A9E525D5BC265848979E57A46040E5" author="Vries" journal="Pl. Syst. Evol." page="40" score="32.111054017449966" volume="195" year="1995">
Vries,
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<bibCitation id="5835E9A075F3682ACEDF22B264AE5347" journal="Pl. Syst. Evol." page="40" score="32.111054017449966" volume="195" year="1995">Pl. Syst. Evol. 195: 40 (1995)</bibCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0E4QBG" type="material">
<paragraph id="3D185C3BB0AC4DBCD488E73B7A173F91">
<heading id="DB4827B80E0AFD9B1C9DFB16D7ACBC65" reason="title">Type.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15F8634FEA3BCC54C99F99A15E44B094">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A477F4CA01A107B99F532CABADF7E4ED">
<taxonomicName id="1D5F005D601FB681A996AB0F5E0D3EE8" ID-CoL="59L2N" authority="Regel" authorityName="Regel" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanata">
<emphasis id="19DDA2E9ED92289F297AD3FEDE8D4C47" italics="true">Tulipa lanata</emphasis>
Regel
</taxonomicName>
, Trudy Imp. S. - Peterburgsk.
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<bibCitation id="9DEA9B6F17B0E6B8ED2928EDA2D7D11A" journal="Bot. Sada" page="647" score="0.5877323877035465" volume="8" year="1884">Bot. Sada 8: 647 (1884)</bibCitation>
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in
<treatmentCitation id="AA209D5BE0C4C2EECD28036E43C60A27" author="Sylvestres" journal="Gard. Chron." page="233" score="320.75090338501116" volume="20" year="1883">
<bibCitation id="30F9C2F0D8A7177544F9E1F27F293316" journal="Gard. Chron." page="233" score="320.75090338501116" volume="20" year="1883">Gard. Chron. 20: 233 (1883)</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYTAI" type="material">
<paragraph id="F40717C09E2D6FD878A8FB8C68F3E4A9">
<heading id="A542F6A31751B879465A8E17BA8D424A" reason="title">Type.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7C415EBFC2FEA86B0FE7DD6DDDBBC9F">
<treatmentCitation id="FA51DE486563DF8D2A1CC7DDA4E20A80" author="Pall., Sp. Pl." page="305" score="0.2594558430405583" volumeTitle="Pl." year="1753">
<taxonomicName id="8726C0EA9612F515E84146695057D4FA" ID-CoL="59L6K" authority="Pall." authorityName="Pall." class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis id="46AE99273C527E97C6C9A8C96E8C61A2" italics="true">Tulipa sylvestris</emphasis>
Pall.
</taxonomicName>
, Sp. Pl.: 305 (1753)
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>