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<mods:title id="EED94E5158530F03E86AED31C706A662">New records of predaceous midges from the Middle East, with the description of two new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2B988967A49AD9B8A7904B7EA354F3D8">2014</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFE4BBEFA09EF" ID-CoL="MYSR" authority="Winnertz" authorityName="Winnertz" box="[151,747,476,502]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus" subGenus="Brachypogon">
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<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFE4BBD2B09EF" bold="true" box="[151,314,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306443FE4BBDFF09EF" bold="true" box="[331,494,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13064F6FE4BBE4B09EF" bold="true" box="[510,602,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">vitiosus</emphasis>
(Winnertz)
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FFD89BEA70A2A" box="[151,694,541,563]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFD89BEA30A2A" ID-CoL="8BDL3" authority="Winnertz, 1852: 49" authorityName="Winnertz" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,690,541,563]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFD89BD7E0A2A" box="[151,367,542,563]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Ceratopogon vitiosus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130647EFD8ABE280A2A" author="Winnertz" box="[374,569,541,563]" page="49" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1852">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130647EFD8ABE070A2A" author="Winnertz" box="[374,534,541,563]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Winnertz, J. (1852) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Ceratopogon Meigen. Linnaea Entomologica, 6, 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1852">Winnertz, 1852</bibRefCitation>
: 49
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130674FFD8ABEBA0A2A" box="[583,683,541,563]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Germany</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FFDABBE6E0A4B" blockId="1.[151,1437,541,992]" box="[151,639,572,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FFDABBE6E0A4B" box="[151,639,572,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFDABBE6B0A4B" authority="Kieffer, 1924: 402" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityPageNumber="402" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,634,572,594]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Anakempia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFDABBD4A0A4B" box="[151,347,572,594]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Anakempia minima</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306469FDABBE0A0A4B" author="Kieffer" box="[353,539,572,594]" page="402" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1924">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306469FDABBDFA0A4B" author="Kieffer" box="[353,491,572,594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1924) Quelques nouveaux chironomides piqueurs de l'Europe centrale. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur Algerie, 2, 391 - 408." type="journal article" year="1924">Kieffer, 1924</bibRefCitation>
: 402
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306721FDABBE650A4B" box="[553,628,572,594]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">France</collectingCountry>
)
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.
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<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FFDCDBE410A69" blockId="1.[151,1437,541,992]" box="[151,592,602,624]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FFDCDBE410A69" box="[151,592,602,624]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFDCDBE5D0A69" authority="Mayer, 1934: 291" authorityName="Mayer" authorityPageNumber="291" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,588,602,624]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Trishelea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFDCDBD230A69" box="[151,306,602,624]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Trishelea nigra</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306430FDCCBDFD0A69" author="Mayer" box="[312,492,602,624]" page="291" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1934">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306430FDCCBDAC0A69" author="Mayer" box="[312,445,602,624]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Mayer, K. (1934) Ceratopogoniden aus der Neumark. (Dipt.). Stettiner entomologische Zeitung, 95, 290 - 294." type="journal article" year="1934">Mayer, 1934</bibRefCitation>
: 291
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13064F1FDCDBE540A69" box="[505,581,602,624]" name="Poland" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Poland</collectingCountry>
)
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FFDEEBF990A96" blockId="1.[151,1437,541,992]" box="[151,904,633,655]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FFDEEBF990A96" box="[151,904,633,655]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFDEEBEA70A96" authority="Goetghebuer 1934: 52" authorityName="Goetghebuer" authorityPageNumber="52" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,694,633,655]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Helea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFDEEBCC20A96" box="[151,211,633,655]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Helea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13065EAFDEEBD7B0A96" box="[226,362,633,655]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306471FDEDBDD70A96" box="[377,454,634,655]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">vitiosus</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13064DCFDEEBEA70A96" author="Goetghebuer" box="[468,694,633,655]" page="52" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1934">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13064DCFDEEBE820A96" author="Goetghebuer" box="[468,659,633,655]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Goetghebuer, M. (1934) A. Die Imagines. Heleidae (Ceratopogonidae). 13 a. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart'sche verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, pp. 1 - 94." type="book chapter" year="1934">Goetghebuer 1934</bibRefCitation>
: 52
</treatmentCitation>
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(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13067CBFDEEBF350A96" box="[707,804,633,655]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306626FDEEBF6C0A96" box="[814,893,633,655]" name="Austria" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Austria</collectingCountry>
).
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FFD0FBEFC0AB7" box="[151,749,664,686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFD0FBEF80AB7" authority="Remm 1966: 65" authorityName="Remm" authorityPageNumber="65" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,745,664,686]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Helea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosa" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFD0FBCC20AB7" box="[151,211,664,686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Helea</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13065EAFD0FBD7B0AB7" box="[226,362,664,686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306471FD0EBDAC0AB7" box="[377,445,665,686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">vitiosa</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13064C2FD0EBE7C0AB7" author="Remm" box="[458,621,664,686]" page="65" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13064C2FD0EBE5B0AB7" author="Remm" box="[458,586,664,686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Remm, H. (1966) On the Lithuanian biting midges (Diptera, Heleidae). Tartu Riikliku Ulikooli Toimetised, 180, 53 - 71." type="journal article" year="1966">Remm 1966</bibRefCitation>
: 65
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306772FD0FBEF00AB7" box="[634,737,664,686]" name="Lithuania" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FFD20BFEF0B13" blockId="1.[151,1437,541,992]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FFD20BFEF0B13" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFD20BF240AD5" ID-CoL="8BDL3" authority="Remm 1967: 29" authorityName="Remm" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,821,694,717]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFD20BD0C0AD5" box="[151,285,695,716]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Ceratopogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306425FD21BDA40AD5" box="[301,437,694,716]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13064CDFD2FBE030AD4" box="[453,530,696,717]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">vitiosus</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130672AFD20BED90AD5" author="Remm" box="[546,712,694,716]" page="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130672AFD20BEB20AD5" author="Remm" box="[546,675,694,716]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Remm, H. (1967) On the fauna of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) in the Caucasus. Tartu Riikliku Ulikooli Toimetised, 194, 3 - 37." type="journal article" year="1967">Remm 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 29
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13067DFFD21BF3F0AD5" box="[727,814,694,716]" name="Georgia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Georgia</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306649FD20BFE50AD5" author="Remm" box="[833,1012,694,716]" page="207" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306649FD20BFD30AD5" author="Remm" box="[833,962,694,716]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Remm, H. (1971) On the Fauna of Ceratopogonidae of South Primorye (Ussuri Land). In: Zivaja priroda Dal'nego Vostoka. Akademiia Nauk Estonkoi SSR, pp. 182 - 220." type="book chapter" year="1971">Remm 1971</bibRefCitation>
: 207
</treatmentCitation>
(Russia—Primorsky Krai);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130601EFD20BCF10AF2" author="Remm" page="57" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130601EFD20B9890AD5" author="Remm" box="[1302,1432,694,716]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Remm, H. (1974) A systematic review of species of the genus Ceratopogon Meigen from USSR. Tartu Riikliku Ulikooli Toimetised, 327, 23 - 58." type="journal article" year="1974">Remm 1974</bibRefCitation>
: 57
</treatmentCitation>
(syn. =
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130643CFD42BDE80AF2" box="[308,505,725,747]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Anakempia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130643CFD42BDE80AF2" box="[308,505,725,747]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Anakempia minima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, =
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A1306712FD42BEA70AF2" box="[538,694,725,747]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Trishelea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306712FD42BEA70AF2" box="[538,694,725,747]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Trishelea nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13067CBFD42BF360AF2" box="[707,807,725,747]" name="Lithuania" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306639FD42BF6E0AF2" box="[817,895,725,747]" name="Estonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Estonia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306682FD42BFCF0AF2" box="[906,990,725,747]" name="Georgia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Georgia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13066E0FD42B8520AF2" box="[1000,1091,725,747]" name="Armenia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Armenia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306145FD41B8D50AF2" box="[1101,1220,726,747]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13061C7FD42B9240AF2" box="[1231,1333,725,747]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
, Russia— Leningrad Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13067F8FD62BF820B13" author="Remm" box="[752,915,756,778]" page="46" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13067F8FD62BF610B13" author="Remm" box="[752,880,756,778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Remm, H. (1979) A catalogue of the Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) of the Estonian S. S. R. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Tartu, 40 - 60." type="book chapter" year="1979">Remm 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 46
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13066A9FD63BFE20B13" box="[929,1011,756,778]" name="Estonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Estonia</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FFC85BE810BBA" blockId="1.[151,1437,541,992]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FFC85BE810BBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFC85BED70B31" ID-CoL="MYSR" authority="Havelka 1976: 72" authorityName="Havelka" authorityPageNumber="72" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,710,786,808]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFC85BD690B31" box="[151,376,786,808]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon vitiosus</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306483FC85BE590B31" author="Havelka" box="[395,584,786,808]" page="72" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1976">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306483FC85BE310B31" author="Havelka" box="[395,544,786,808]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Havelka, P. (1976) Ceratopogoniden-Emergenz am Breitenbach und am Rohrwiesenbach (1971 - 1972). Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 50, 54 - 95." type="journal article" year="1976">Havelka 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 72
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306753FC85BEAE0B31" box="[603,703,786,808]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Germany</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13067DEFC85BFA10B31" author="Glukhova" box="[726,944,786,808]" page="180" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13067DEFC85BF6A0B31" author="Glukhova" box="[726,891,786,808]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Glukhova, V. M. (1979) Lichinki mokretsov podsemeistv Palpomyiinae i Ceratopogoninae fauny SSSR (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae = Heleidae). Opredeliteli po faune SSSR, izdavaemye Zoologicheskim Institutom AN SSSR. Vol. 121. Nauka, Leningrad, 230 pp." type="book" year="1979">Glukhova 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 180
</treatmentCitation>
(Russia—Primorsky Krai);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13061D6FC85B98A0B31" author="Havelka" box="[1246,1435,786,808]" page="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13061D6FC85B9620B31" author="Havelka" box="[1246,1395,786,808]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Havelka, P. (1979) Situation der Ceratopogonidenforschung auf der Iberischen Halbinsel (Dipt. Ceratopogonidae). Eos, 53, 55 - 74." type="journal article" year="1979">Havelka 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 59
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13065C6FCA6BD1C0B5E" box="[206,269,817,839]" name="Spain" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Spain</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130642BFCA6BE830B5E" author="Szadziewski" box="[291,658,817,839]" page="350" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130642BFCA6BE4F0B5E" author="Szadziewski" box="[291,606,817,839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Szadziewski, R. &amp; Havelka, P. (1984) A review of the Palaearctic biting midges of the subgenus Brachypogon (s. str.) (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Polish Journal of Entomology, 54, 341 - 358." type="journal article" year="1984">Szadziewski &amp; Havelka 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 350
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="592C55F1FFF8A13067ABFCA6BEE60B5E" box="[675,759,817,839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130660EFCA6BF530B5E" box="[774,834,817,839]" name="Spain" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Spain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306658FCA5BF860B5E" box="[848,919,818,839]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13066AEFCA6B8140B5E" box="[934,1029,817,839]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130611BFCA6B84D0B5E" box="[1043,1116,817,839]" name="Poland" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Poland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306162FCA6B8A80B5E" box="[1130,1209,817,839]" name="Algeria" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Algeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13061CEFCA6B9550B5E" box="[1222,1348,817,839]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130605BFCA5B9800B5E" box="[1363,1425,818,839]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Japan</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13065CFFCC7BDFB0B7F" author="Delecolle" box="[199,490,848,870]" page="184" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13065CFFCC7BDAB0B7F" author="Delecolle" box="[199,442,848,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Delecolle, J. - C. &amp; Rieb, J. - P. (1990) Liste faunistique complementaire des Ceratopogonides d'Alsace (Dipt. Nematocera). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 95, 183 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">Delécolle &amp; Rieb 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 184
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13064F1FCC7BE550B7F" box="[505,580,848,870]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">France</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130675EFCC7BF720B7F" author="Delecolle" box="[598,867,848,870]" page="256" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130675EFCC7BF200B7F" author="Delecolle" box="[598,817,848,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Delecolle, J. - C., Rieb, J. - P. &amp; Brunhes, J. (1991) Note preliminaire sur les Dipteres Ceratopogonides de la tourbiere eutrophe du marais de Lavours (Vallee du Rhone, Ain). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 96, 255 - 256." type="journal article" year="1991">
Delécolle
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13067B7FCC6BEFC0B7F" box="[703,749,848,870]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">et al</emphasis>
. 1991
</bibRefCitation>
: 256
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130667AFCC7BFAC0B7F" box="[882,957,848,870]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">France</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13066C7FCC7B86A0B7F" author="Navai" box="[975,1147,848,870]" page="184" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13066C7FCC7B8580B7F" author="Navai" box="[975,1097,848,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Navai, S. (1997) A new species of Brachypogon Kieffer from Afghanistan (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 18, 184 - 188." type="journal article" year="1997">Navai 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 184
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306181FCC7B91A0B7F" box="[1161,1291,848,870]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306016FCC6BD3E0B9D" author="Hagan" page="470" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306016FCC6BCEC0B9D" author="Hagan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Hagan, D. V., Hassold, E., Kynde, B., Szadziewski, R., Thunes, K. H., Skartveit, J. &amp; Grogan, W. L. Jr. (2000) Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from forest habitats in Norway. Polish Journal of Entomology, 69, 465 - 476." type="journal article" year="2000">
Hagan
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306060FCC6B9870B7F" box="[1384,1430,848,870]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">et al</emphasis>
. 2000
</bibRefCitation>
: 470
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306437FCF9BD870B9D" box="[319,406,878,900]" name="Norway" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Norway</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13064A2FCF9BE970B9D" author="Brodskaya" box="[426,646,878,900]" page="186" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13064A2FCF9BE450B9D" author="Brodskaya" box="[426,596,878,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Brodskaya, N. K. (2001) Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). In: Fetisov, S. A. &amp; Konechnaya, G. Yu. (Eds), Bioraznoobrazie i redkie vidy Natsional'nogo Parka &quot; Sebezhskiy &quot;. Trudy St. - Peterburgskovo Obschestva Estestvoispytatielej, Ser. 6, Vol. 4, 184 - 187." type="journal article" year="2001">Brodskaya 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 186
</treatmentCitation>
(Russia—Pskov Oblast);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130669DFCF9B8640B9D" author="Bernotiene" box="[917,1141,878,900]" page="289" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130669DFCF9B8520B9D" author="Bernotiene" box="[917,1091,878,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Bernotiene, R. (2002) New data on the fauna of biting midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) from Lithuania. Acta Zoologica Lituanica, 12, 288 - 293. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 13921657.2002.10512516" type="journal article" year="2002">Bernotienė 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 289
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130618DFCF9B8FD0B9D" box="[1157,1260,878,900]" name="Lithuania" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13061F7FCF8BCEB0BBA" author="Yu" page="1406" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13061F7FCF8B9890B9D" author="Yu" box="[1279,1432,878,901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Yu, Y. - X., Liu, J. - H., Liu, G. - P., Liu, Z. - J., Hao, B. - S., Yan, G. &amp; Zhao, T. - S. (2005) Ceratopogonidae of China, Insecta, Diptera. Vol. 2. Military Medical Science Press, Beijing [2005], 1699 pp." type="book" year="2005">
Yu
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130602CFCE7B9450B9D" box="[1316,1364,878,901]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
: 1406
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130640FFC1ABD580BBA" box="[263,329,909,931]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">China</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306452FC1ABE3D0BBA" author="Dominiak" box="[346,556,909,931]" page="200" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306452FC1ABDED0BBA" author="Dominiak" box="[346,508,909,931]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Dominiak, P. (2009) Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). In: Herbich, J. &amp; Ciechanowski, M. (Eds), The nature of Kurze Grzedy and Staniszewskie Bloto reserves in the Kashubian Lakeland. Fundacja Rozwoju Uniwersytetu Gdanskiego, Gdansk, pp. 199 - 205." type="book chapter" year="2009">Dominiak 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 200
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306731FC1ABE940BBA" box="[569,645,909,931]" name="Poland" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Poland</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FFC3BBDBA0BF9" blockId="1.[151,1437,541,992]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FFC3BBDBA0BF9" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFC3BBF3D0BDB" ID-CoL="MYSR" authority="Wirth &amp; Grogan 1988: 29" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,812,940,962]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFC3BBD310BDB" box="[151,288,940,962]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306427FC3BBDA60BDB" box="[303,439,940,962]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13064CFFC3ABE050BDB" box="[455,532,941,962]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">vitiosus</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130672BFC3BBF3D0BDB" author="Wirth" box="[547,812,940,962]" page="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130672BFC3BBF190BDB" author="Wirth" box="[547,776,940,962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Wirth, W. W. &amp; Grogan, W. L. (1988) The predaceous midges of the world. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae; tribe Ceratopogonini). Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 4, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1988">Wirth &amp; Grogan 1988</bibRefCitation>
: 29
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(catalogue);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A13066BBFC3BB8D30BDB" author="Borkent" box="[947,1218,940,962]" page="93" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13066BBFC3BB88F0BDB" author="Borkent" box="[947,1182,940,962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Wirth, W. W. (1997) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233, 257 pp." type="book" year="1997">Borkent &amp; Wirth 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 93
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue);
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306042FC3BBD3D0BF9" author="Borkent" page="115" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306042FC3BBCEC0BF9" author="Borkent" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Borkent, A. (2013) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Available from: http: // www. inhs. uiuc. edu / cee / FLYTREE / CeratopogonidaeCatalog. pdf (accessed 20 February 2013)" type="journal article" year="2013">Borkent 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 115
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFF8A130659FFBA6B8940C53" box="[151,1157,1073,1098]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FFBA6B8940C53" blockId="1.[151,1436,1073,1530]" box="[151,1157,1073,1098]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFBA6BD910C53" bold="true" box="[151,384,1073,1098]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130648FFBA5BDFD0C53" box="[391,492,1074,1098]" name="Israel" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">ISRAEL</collectingCountry>
, ‘Enot Zuqim,
<date id="F229CD93FFF8A130679DFBA5BF1B0C53" box="[661,778,1074,1098]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" value="1998-05-19">19.V.1998</date>
,
<specimenCount id="909120DAFFF8A130661DFBA5BF750C53" box="[789,868,1073,1098]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, leg. O. Manheim (
<collectionCode id="E0867396FFF8A1306133FBA5B8680C53" box="[1083,1145,1074,1098]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ze71-842p" name="Tel-Aviv University" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306133FBA5B8680C53" box="[1083,1145,1074,1098]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">TAU</collectingCountry>
</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFF8A13065CFFBC2BEA60DE3" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A13065CFFBC2BEA60DE3" blockId="1.[151,1436,1073,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13065CFFBC2BD2A0C77" bold="true" box="[199,315,1109,1134]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130644FFBC2BE510C74" box="[327,576,1109,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130644FFBC2BE510C74" box="[327,576,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon vitiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a widely distributed Palaearctic species reported from
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13061FDFBC2B9290C77" box="[1269,1336,1109,1134]" name="Spain" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Spain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306041FBC1B9890C74" box="[1353,1432,1110,1133]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130659FFBEDBCE30C8B" box="[151,242,1146,1170]" name="Norway" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Norway</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130640EFBEDBD7E0C8B" box="[262,367,1146,1170]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130648BFBEEBDC90C8B" box="[387,472,1145,1170]" name="Austria" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Austria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13064E4FBEEBE2C0C8B" box="[492,573,1145,1170]" name="Poland" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Poland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306758FBEEBEAF0C8B" box="[592,702,1145,1170]" name="Lithuania" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13067DAFBEEBF380C8B" box="[722,809,1145,1170]" name="Estonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Estonia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306635FBEEBF9B0C8B" box="[829,906,1145,1170]" name="Russia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306696FBEEBFEA0C8B" box="[926,1019,1145,1170]" name="Georgia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Georgia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306107FBEEB8650C8B" box="[1039,1140,1145,1170]" name="Armenia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Armenia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130618FFBEEB9020C8B" box="[1159,1299,1145,1170]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130602FFBEEB9890C8B" box="[1319,1432,1145,1170]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130659FFB09BD0A0CAF" box="[151,283,1182,1206]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306420FB0ABD7F0CAF" box="[296,366,1181,1206]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306474FB09BDAD0CAC" box="[380,444,1182,1205]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Japan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13064FFFB0ABE5E0CAF" box="[503,591,1181,1206]" name="Algeria" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Algeria</collectingCountry>
. This species occurs in primarily cooler regions (
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306180FB0ABCC20CC3" author="Szadziewski" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Szadziewski, R. &amp; Havelka, P. (1984) A review of the Palaearctic biting midges of the subgenus Brachypogon (s. str.) (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Polish Journal of Entomology, 54, 341 - 358." type="journal article" year="1984">Szadziewski &amp; Havelka 1984</bibRefCitation>
), and currently we provide the first record from the Middle East. This is the fifth species of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FFB72BD3F0CE7" box="[151,302,1253,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFB72BD3F0CE7" box="[151,302,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reported from this region. The other four species are:
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130669EFB71B9690CE7" authority="Boorman &amp; Harten, 2002" authorityName="Boorman &amp; Harten" authorityYear="2002" box="[918,1400,1254,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afifi">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130669EFB71BFF20CE7" box="[918,995,1254,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">B. afifi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13066E3FB71B91D0CE7" author="Boorman" box="[1003,1292,1254,1278]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Boorman, J. &amp; van Harten, A. (2002) Some Ceratopogonidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Arabian Peninsula, with particular reference to the Republic of Yemen. Fauna of Arabia, 19, 427 - 462." type="journal article" year="2002">Boorman &amp; Harten, 2002</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306014FB71B9610CE7" box="[1308,1392,1254,1278]" name="Yemen" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Yemen</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130608CFB71BF5D0D3B" authority="Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Gilka, 2011" authorityName="Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Gilka" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130608CFB71B9840CE4" box="[1412,1429,1254,1277]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FFA9EBCE80D3B" box="[151,249,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">arabicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130640FFA9EBF5D0D3B" author="Szadziewski" box="[263,844,1289,1314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Szadziewski, R., Gwizdalska-Kentzer, M. &amp; Gilka, W. (2011) Order Diptera, family Ceratopogonidae. In: Sheikh Tahnoon Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, H. H. (patron) &amp; van Harten, A. (Eds), Arthropod fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 4. Dar Al Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution &amp; Advertising, Abu Dhabi, UAE, pp. 636 - 653." type="book" year="2011">Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Giłka, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130666AFA9EB87C0D3B" box="[866,1133,1289,1314]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
),
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A1306180FA9DBE230D5F" authority="Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Gilka, 2011" authorityName="Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Gilka" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306180FA9DB8880D38" box="[1160,1177,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13061A6FA9EB8EA0D3B" box="[1198,1275,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">obesus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306001FA9EBE230D5F" author="Szadziewski" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Szadziewski, R., Gwizdalska-Kentzer, M. &amp; Gilka, W. (2011) Order Diptera, family Ceratopogonidae. In: Sheikh Tahnoon Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, H. H. (patron) &amp; van Harten, A. (Eds), Arthropod fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 4. Dar Al Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution &amp; Advertising, Abu Dhabi, UAE, pp. 636 - 653." type="book" year="2011">Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Giłka, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130674DFABABF560D5F" box="[581,839,1325,1350]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
) and
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A1306687FAB9B92D0D5F" authority="Boorman &amp; Harten, 2002" authorityName="Boorman &amp; Harten" authorityYear="2002" box="[911,1340,1326,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yarimii">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306687FAB9BFB10D5C" box="[911,928,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13066BBFAB9B8150D5C" box="[947,1028,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">yarimii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306107FAB9B92D0D5F" author="Boorman" box="[1039,1340,1326,1350]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Boorman, J. &amp; van Harten, A. (2002) Some Ceratopogonidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Arabian Peninsula, with particular reference to the Republic of Yemen. Fauna of Arabia, 19, 427 - 462." type="journal article" year="2002">Boorman &amp; Harten, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306047FAB9B9890D5F" box="[1359,1432,1326,1350]" name="Oman" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Oman</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130659FFAC5BCFA0D73" box="[151,235,1362,1386]" name="Yemen" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Yemen</collectingCountry>
). We consider that some literature data on
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A13067E2FAC5BF730D70" box="[746,866,1362,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13067E2FAC5BF730D70" box="[746,866,1362,1385]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">B. vitiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be treated as doubtful. This species was mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130644BFAE1BDCF0D97" author="Remm" box="[323,478,1398,1422]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Remm, H. (1974) A systematic review of species of the genus Ceratopogon Meigen from USSR. Tartu Riikliku Ulikooli Toimetised, 327, 23 - 58." type="journal article" year="1974">Remm (1974</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13064E7FAE1BE390D97" author="Remm" box="[495,552,1398,1422]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Remm, H. (1988) Family Ceratopogonidae. In: Soos, A. &amp; Papp, L. (Eds), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 3. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 110." type="book" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
) from the British Isles, and by
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13066A6FAE2B8650D97" author="Glukhova" box="[942,1140,1397,1422]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Glukhova, V. M. (1979) Lichinki mokretsov podsemeistv Palpomyiinae i Ceratopogoninae fauny SSSR (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae = Heleidae). Opredeliteli po faune SSSR, izdavaemye Zoologicheskim Institutom AN SSSR. Vol. 121. Nauka, Leningrad, 230 pp." type="book" year="1979">Glukhova (1979)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A13061BEFAE1B9480D97" author="Remm" box="[1206,1369,1398,1422]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Remm, H. (1988) Family Ceratopogonidae. In: Soos, A. &amp; Papp, L. (Eds), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 3. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 110." type="book" year="1988">Remm (1988)</bibRefCitation>
from
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130659FFA0EBD0B0DAB" box="[151,282,1433,1458]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
and East Siberia, but without any supporting locality information.
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130613CFA0EB93D0DA8" box="[1076,1324,1433,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130613CFA0EB93D0DA8" box="[1076,1324,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon vitiosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also included in the checklist of the biting midges of
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13067BEFA2ABF090DCF" box="[694,792,1469,1494]" name="Slovakia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130662EFA2AB8750DCF" author="Orszagh" box="[806,1124,1469,1494]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Orszagh, I. &amp; Chalupsky, J. (1987) Ceratopogonidae (Heleidae). In: Jezek, J. (Ed.), Enumeratio insectorum Bohemoslovakiae. Check list of Czechoslovak insects 2 (Diptera). Acta faunistica entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 18, pp. 48 - 52." type="journal article" year="1987">Országh &amp; Chalupský 1987</bibRefCitation>
), but we have not been able to locate any faunistic records from that country.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

221
data/0E/3E/5A/0E3E5A45FFF8A133659FF9DAB8C808CE.xml Normal file
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<mods:title id="F0593E974B9B07B45FD1A7D7409381C4">New records of predaceous midges from the Middle East, with the description of two new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FF9DABFAB0E7E" blockId="1.[151,954,1613,1639]" box="[151,954,1613,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<heading id="DD605C3FFFF8A130659FF9DABFAB0E7E" bold="true" box="[151,954,1613,1639]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FF9DABFAB0E7E" ID-CoL="8B92X" authority="Clastrier, Rioux &amp; Descous" authorityName="Clastrier, Rioux &amp; Descous" box="[151,954,1613,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiopicus" subGenus="Isohelea">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FF9DABFAB0E7E" bold="true" box="[151,954,1613,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FF9DABD2B0E7E" bold="true" box="[151,314,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306443F9DABDA30E7E" bold="true" box="[331,434,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Isohelea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13064CAF9DABE5D0E7E" bold="true" box="[450,588,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">aethiopicus</emphasis>
(Clastrier, Rioux &amp; Descous)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFF8A130659FF903BF400F5A" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FF903BD240ED1" blockId="1.[151,1436,1684,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FF903BD240ED1" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FF903B8410EB3" authority="Clastrier, Rioux &amp; Descous, 1961: 87" authorityName="Clastrier, Rioux &amp; Descous" authorityPageNumber="87" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,1104,1684,1706]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiopicum" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FF903BD0C0EB0" box="[151,285,1684,1705]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Ceratopogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130643AF903BDAB0EB3" box="[306,442,1684,1706]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13064D8F903BE5C0EB3" box="[464,589,1684,1706]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">aethiopicum</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306753F903BFEB0EB3" author="Clastrier" box="[603,1018,1684,1706]" page="87" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1961">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306753F903BFC10EB3" author="Clastrier" box="[603,976,1684,1706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Clastrier, J., Rioux, J. A. &amp; Descous, S. (1961) Notes sur les Ceratopogonides. XII. Ceratopogonides de Nord-Tchad. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur Algerie, 39, 49 - 98." type="journal article" year="1961">Clastrier, Rioux &amp; Descous, 1961</bibRefCitation>
: 87
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306107F903B85B0EB3" box="[1039,1098,1684,1706]" name="Chad" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Chad</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130616AF903B98D0EB3" author="Clastrier" box="[1122,1436,1684,1706]" page="223" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1961">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130616AF903B9740EB3" author="Clastrier" box="[1122,1381,1684,1706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Clastrier, J. &amp; Wirth, W. W. (1961) Notes sur les Ceratopogonides. XIII. Ceratopogonides de la region Ethiopienne. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur Algerie, 39, 190 - 240." type="journal article" year="1961">Clastrier &amp; Wirth 1961</bibRefCitation>
: 223
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13065C6F925BD3B0ED1" box="[206,298,1714,1736]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FF946BF480EFE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1684,1859]" box="[151,857,1745,1767]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FF946BF480EFE" box="[151,857,1745,1767]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FF946BD4F0EFE" box="[151,350,1745,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Isohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiopica">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FF946BD4F0EFE" box="[151,350,1745,1767]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Isohelea aethiopica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: de
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306481F946BEA80EFE" author="Meillon" box="[393,697,1745,1767]" page="156" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306481F946BE980EFE" author="Meillon" box="[393,649,1745,1767]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="de Meillon, B. &amp; Downes, J. A. (1986) Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera). X. Report on species collected in the Drakensberg, South Africa. Canadian Entomologist, 118, 141 - 180." type="journal article" year="1986">Meillon &amp; Downes 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 156
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13067CEF946BF5F0EFE" box="[710,846,1745,1767]" name="South Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">South Africa</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FF967B9680F1F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1684,1859]" box="[151,1401,1776,1798]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FF967B9680F1F" box="[151,1401,1776,1798]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FF967BF330F1F" authority="Wirth &amp; Grogan 1988: 30" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityPageNumber="30" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,802,1776,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiopicum" subGenus="Isohelea">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FF967BD0E0F1F" box="[151,287,1776,1798]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306426F967BD950F1F" box="[302,388,1776,1798]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Isohelea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130649BF967BE010F1F" box="[403,528,1776,1798]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">aethiopicum</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306714F967BF330F1F" author="Wirth" box="[540,802,1776,1798]" page="30" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306714F967BEEE0F1F" author="Wirth" box="[540,767,1776,1798]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Wirth, W. W. &amp; Grogan, W. L. (1988) The predaceous midges of the world. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae; tribe Ceratopogonini). Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 4, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1988">Wirth &amp; Grogan 1988</bibRefCitation>
: 30
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(catalogue); Grogan &amp; de
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130613AF967B8FE0F1F" author="Meillon" box="[1074,1263,1776,1798]" page="406" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130613AF967B8AE0F1F" author="Meillon" box="[1074,1215,1776,1798]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Grogan, W. L. &amp; de Meillon, B. (1993) New Brachypogon, mainly from Senegal, with a key to the Afrotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N. S.), 29, 387 - 409." type="journal article" year="1993">Meillon 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 406
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13061F4F967B97F0F1F" box="[1276,1390,1776,1798]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FF899B94A0F3D" blockId="1.[151,1436,1684,1859]" box="[151,1371,1806,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FF899B94A0F3D" box="[151,1371,1806,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FF899BF040F3D" ID-CoL="8BD83" authority="Borkent &amp; Wirth 1997: 93" authorityName="Borkent &amp; Wirth" authorityPageNumber="93" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,789,1806,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiopica" subGenus="Isohelea">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FF899BD0E0F3D" box="[151,287,1806,1828]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306426F899BD950F3D" box="[302,388,1806,1828]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Isohelea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130649BF899BDEF0F3D" box="[403,510,1806,1828]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">aethiopica</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A1306702F899BF040F3D" author="Borkent" box="[522,789,1806,1828]" page="93" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A1306702F899BEE20F3D" author="Borkent" box="[522,755,1806,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Wirth, W. W. (1997) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233, 257 pp." type="book" year="1997">Borkent &amp; Wirth 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 93
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(catalogue); Boorman &amp; van
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130614DF898B8E70F3D" author="Harten" box="[1093,1270,1806,1828]" page="452" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130614DF898B8D70F3D" author="Harten" box="[1093,1222,1806,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Boorman, J. &amp; van Harten, A. (2002) Some Ceratopogonidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Arabian Peninsula, with particular reference to the Republic of Yemen. Fauna of Arabia, 19, 427 - 462." type="journal article" year="2002">Harten 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 452
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130600BF899B9410F3D" box="[1283,1360,1806,1828]" name="Yemen" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Yemen</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FF8BABF400F5A" blockId="1.[151,1436,1684,1859]" box="[151,849,1837,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A687CC7DFFF8A130659FF8BABF400F5A" box="[151,849,1837,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A130659FF8BABEC00F5A" ID-CoL="8B92X" authority="Borkent 2013: 115" authorityName="Borkent" authorityPageNumber="115" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,721,1837,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiopicus" subGenus="Isohelea">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FF8BABD0E0F5A" box="[151,287,1837,1859]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306426F8BABD950F5A" box="[302,388,1837,1859]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Isohelea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130649BF8BABE160F5A" box="[403,519,1837,1859]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">aethiopicus</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0736CD42FFF8A130671CF8BABEC00F5A" author="Borkent" box="[532,721,1837,1859]" page="115" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF8A130671CF8BABEB30F5A" author="Borkent" box="[532,674,1837,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" refString="Borkent, A. (2013) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Available from: http: // www. inhs. uiuc. edu / cee / FLYTREE / CeratopogonidaeCatalog. pdf (accessed 20 February 2013)" type="journal article" year="2013">Borkent 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 115
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(catalogue).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFF8A130659FF8F8B8CF0F91" box="[151,1246,1903,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A130659FF8F8B8CF0F91" blockId="1.[151,1436,1903,2037]" box="[151,1246,1903,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A130659FF8F8BD910F91" bold="true" box="[151,384,1903,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130648FF8E7BDFD0F91" box="[391,492,1904,1928]" name="Israel" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">ISRAEL</collectingCountry>
, Herzliyya, beach,
<date id="F229CD93FFF8A13067CBF8E7BF490F91" box="[707,856,1904,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" value="2007-08-27">27.VIII.2007</date>
,
<specimenCount id="909120DAFFF8A130666BF8F8BFAD0F91" box="[867,956,1903,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
, leg. A. Freidberg (
<collectionCode id="E0867396FFF8A130619DF8E7B8C20F91" box="[1173,1235,1904,1928]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ze71-842p" name="Tel-Aviv University" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130619DF8E7B8C20F91" box="[1173,1235,1904,1928]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">TAU</collectingCountry>
</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFF8A13065CFF803B8720FC9" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A13065CFF803B8720FC9" blockId="1.[151,1436,1903,2037]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13065CFF803BD710FB4" bold="true" box="[199,352,1940,1965]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF8A1306463F803BE9C0FB4" box="[363,653,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiopicus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A1306463F803BE9C0FB4" box="[363,653,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Brachypogon aethiopicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was previously known only from the Afrotropical region in
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306052F803B9890FB4" box="[1370,1432,1940,1965]" name="Chad" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Chad</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A130659FF820BD030FC9" box="[151,274,1975,2000]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306414F820BDA10FC9" box="[284,432,1975,2000]" name="South Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A13064B2F820BE080FC9" box="[442,537,1975,2000]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306758F82FBEB30FD6" box="[592,674,1976,1999]" name="Yemen" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Yemen</collectingCountry>
. We provide the first record from
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF8A1306115F820B84E0FC9" box="[1053,1119,1975,2000]" name="Israel" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Israel</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFF8A13365CFF84BB8C808CE" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="1" pageNumber="134" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF8A13365CFF84BB8C808CE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1903,2037]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1435,151,215]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF8A13065CFF84BBD2A0FEC" bold="true" box="[199,315,2012,2037]" pageId="1" pageNumber="134">Remarks.</emphasis>
The examined specimens have male genitalia consistent with the original description of the species and the figures provided by Clastrier
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA133673EFF0EBE7608A9" box="[566,615,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">et al</emphasis>
. (1961). However, their wings have a clearly visible vein M2 (but broadly interrupted in basal portion), and the membrane appears to be completely devoid of macrotrichia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

227
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<treatment id="0E3E5A45FFFBA135659FFEBDBCFE0D0C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3507800" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119410357" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3507800" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3E5A45FFFBA135659FFEBDBCFE0D0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E3E5A45FFFBA135659FFEBDBCFE0D0C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFBA133659FFEBDBD3E097F" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFBA133659FFEBDBE8F095C" blockId="2.[151,670,298,358]" box="[151,670,298,325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">
<heading id="DD605C3FFFFBA133659FFEBDBE8F095C" bold="true" box="[151,670,298,325]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA133659FFEBDBE8F095C" bold="true" box="[151,670,298,325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFBA133659FFEBDBE28095D" ID-CoL="9HSHB" box="[151,569,298,325]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Isohelea">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA133659FFEBDBD2B095D" bold="true" box="[151,314,298,324]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">Brachypogon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA1336443FEBDBDA3095D" bold="true" box="[331,434,298,324]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">Isohelea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA13364CAFEBDBE28095D" bold="true" box="[450,569,298,324]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">freidbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFD08A3AFFFBA1336748FEBCBE8F095C" box="[576,670,299,325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFBA133659FFEDABD3E097F" blockId="2.[151,670,298,358]" box="[151,303,333,358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">
(
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFBA1336596FEDABD18097F" box="[158,265,333,358]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. wing; b. radial cells of wing; c. hind leg; d. tibial comb, spur and palisade setae of hind leg; e. two distal tarsomeres of hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227558/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">Figures 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFBA133641FFED9BD37097F" box="[279,294,334,358]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[219,1368,202,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[211,1376,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. male genitalia in ventral view, b. gonostylus, c. parameres, d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227559/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFBA133659FFE02B8E009B7" box="[151,1265,405,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFBA133659FFE02B8E009B7" blockId="2.[151,1436,405,502]" box="[151,1265,405,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA133659FFE02BD5409B7" bold="true" box="[151,325,405,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">
<typeStatus id="592C55F1FFFBA133659FFE02BCC309B7" box="[151,210,405,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="592C55F1FFFBA1336444FE02BDA809B7" box="[332,441,405,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: adult male.
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFBA133674EFE01BEBA09B7" box="[582,683,406,430]" name="Israel" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">ISRAEL</collectingCountry>
, ‘Enot Samar,
<date id="F229CD93FFFBA1336647FE01BFDF09B7" box="[847,974,406,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" value="1998-04-22">22.IV.1998</date>
, leg. A. Freidberg (
<collectionCode id="E0867396FFFBA13361AFFE01B8F409B7" box="[1191,1253,406,430]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ze71-842p" name="Tel-Aviv University" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFBA13361AFFE01B8F409B7" box="[1191,1253,406,430]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">TAU</collectingCountry>
</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFBA13365CFFE2EB96809EF" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFBA13365CFFE2EB96809EF" blockId="2.[151,1436,405,502]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA13365CFFE2EBD5009CB" bold="true" box="[199,321,441,466]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The male of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFBA13364DEFE2EBEF309CB" box="[470,738,441,466]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA13364DEFE2EBEF309CB" box="[470,738,441,466]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">Brachypogon freidbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct in having elongate slender apicolateral processes of tergite 9, and a deeply forked Y-shaped gonostylus that resembles obtuse crayfish claws. Females are unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="D2E8BBDBFFFBA133659FF806BF280FDF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227558/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" targetBox="[151,1436,554,1915]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFBA133659FF806BF280FDF" blockId="2.[151,1436,1937,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA133659FF806BD050FBF" bold="true" box="[151,276,1937,1959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFBA1336413F806BE1C0FBE" box="[283,525,1937,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA1336413F806BE1C0FBE" box="[283,525,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">Brachypogon freidbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFD08A3AFFFBA133671DF806BE770FBF" box="[533,614,1937,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFBA133671DF806BE770FBF" bold="true" box="[533,614,1937,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="135">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male: a. wing; b. radial cells of wing; c. hind leg; d. tibial comb, spur and palisade setae of hind leg; e. two distal tarsomeres of hind leg.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D2E8BBDBFFFAA132659FF8EDBCEA0FB6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227559/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" targetBox="[219,1368,202,1888]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFAA132659FF8EDBCEA0FB6" blockId="3.[151,1436,1914,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFAA132659FF8EDBD020F96" bold="true" box="[151,275,1914,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFAA1326412F8EDBE1D0F89" box="[282,524,1914,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFAA1326412F8EDBE1D0F89" box="[282,524,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Brachypogon freidbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFD08A3AFFFAA132671CF8ECBE750F89" box="[532,612,1915,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFAA132671CF8ECBE750F89" bold="true" box="[532,612,1915,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male: a. male genitalia in ventral view, b. gonostylus, c. parameres, d. aedeagus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFDA13565CFFF00BDAB0C00" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="description">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA13565CFFF00B97808A9" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1301]" box="[199,1385,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13565CFFF00BD4808A9" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Description.</emphasis>
Male.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13564AFFF00BE3808A9" box="[423,553,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Coloration.</emphasis>
Body dark, with distal halves of tibiae and tarsomeres 1–4 paler (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA1356002FF00B95B08A9" box="[1290,1354,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. wing; b. radial cells of wing; c. hind leg; d. tibial comb, spur and palisade setae of hind leg; e. two distal tarsomeres of hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
c).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA13565CFFF2BB84F0926" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13565CFFF2BBD1508CC" box="[199,260,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Head</emphasis>
. Eyes pubescent, widely separated. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, plume well-developed; total flagellum length
<quantity id="416F46B6FFFDA1356461FF77BDCB08EE" box="[361,474,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" unit="mm" value="0.44">0.44 mm</quantity>
; flagellomere 1 with two whorls of long setae and two sensilla coeloconica; flagellomeres 2–11 fused, but with well defined anterior and posterior margins. Third palpal segment with small apical sensory pit; length 46 Μm, PR 2.42. Fourth palpal segment bearing 2 long setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA13565CFFEDBB9980A93" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13565CFFEDBBD09097C" box="[199,280,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Thorax</emphasis>
. Katepisternum with single seta; anepisternum bare. Transverse suture on scutum well-developed, 1 anterior and 5 posterior supraalar setae present. Scutellum with 4 large setae. Wing (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA1356168FEF8B8B00991" box="[1120,1185,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. wing; b. radial cells of wing; c. hind leg; d. tibial comb, spur and palisade setae of hind leg; e. two distal tarsomeres of hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
a) membrane hyaline, lacking macrotrichia; two very small radial cells present (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA135664CFE03BF9809B4" box="[836,905,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. wing; b. radial cells of wing; c. hind leg; d. tibial comb, spur and palisade setae of hind leg; e. two distal tarsomeres of hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
b), r1 slit-like, r2 narrow; wing veins slightly infuscated, darkest on well-defined stigma; vein M2 absent; Cu1, Cu2 obsolete on distal halves; wing length
<quantity id="416F46B6FFFDA1356063FE2DBCD709E0" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
; CR 0.50. Femora and tibiae of mid legs slender, those of fore and hind (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA1356104FE76B85C09E3" box="[1036,1101,481,506]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. wing; b. radial cells of wing; c. hind leg; d. tibial comb, spur and palisade setae of hind leg; e. two distal tarsomeres of hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
c) legs slightly broader.
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFDA135606CFE76B98D09E3" box="[1380,1436,481,506]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibia with comb composed of 6 large setae, slender and moderately long apical spur, and basitarsus bearing single row of dense palisade setae (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA13564DEFDBEBE040A5B" box="[470,533,553,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. wing; b. radial cells of wing; c. hind leg; d. tibial comb, spur and palisade setae of hind leg; e. two distal tarsomeres of hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
d). Tarsomere 4 (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA13567DDFDBEBF050A5B" box="[725,788,553,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,554,1915]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. wing; b. radial cells of wing; c. hind leg; d. tibial comb, spur and palisade setae of hind leg; e. two distal tarsomeres of hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
e) subcylindrical, bearing 1–2 long apical sinuous sensilla capitata; tarsomere 5 of all legs with small, equal-sized claws, lacking inner teeth, each with single long basal seta at base and with bifid apex; slender empodia present. Fore, mid and hind tarsal ratios:
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFDA1356155FDE5B8900A90" box="[1117,1153,626,649]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">TR</collectingCountry>
I 1.7,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFDA13561B6FDE5B8F30A90" box="[1214,1250,626,649]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">TR</collectingCountry>
II 1.6,
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFDA135602CFDE5B9590A90" box="[1316,1352,626,649]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">TR</collectingCountry>
III 2.1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA13565CFFD0FBD230BB4" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13565CFFD0FBD200AA8" box="[199,305,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA135644AFD0FBD980AA8" box="[322,393,664,689]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[219,1368,202,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[211,1376,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. male genitalia in ventral view, b. gonostylus, c. parameres, d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227559/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a). Tergite 9 tapering abruptly distally, with pair of slender elongate apicolateral processes, each bearing single subapical seta; ventrodistal portion with large, heavily sclerotized, semicircular proctiger. Sternite 9 moderately short, about 2.5 times broader than long, posterior margin nearly straight. Gonocoxite stout, broadest near base. Gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA135670DFC93BE560B04" box="[517,583,772,797]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[219,1368,202,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[211,1376,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. male genitalia in ventral view, b. gonostylus, c. parameres, d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227559/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
b) short, broad, deeply bifurcate, Y-shaped; both branches of similar length, pointed apically, inner branch bearing several long setae. Parameres (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA1356695FCBFBFF00B58" box="[925,993,808,833]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[219,1368,202,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[211,1376,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. male genitalia in ventral view, b. gonostylus, c. parameres, d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227559/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
c) fused, slightly shorter than aedeagus; basal apodemes, lateral margins and apex well sclerotized, mid portion more lightly sclerotized; apex bifid, each half with pointed tip. Aedeagus stout, with low basal arch and bilobed apex, well sclerotized, especially in basal half (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFDA13565DAFC03BD040BB4" box="[210,277,916,941]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[219,1368,202,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[211,1376,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Brachypogon freidbergi sp. nov., holotype male: a. male genitalia in ventral view, b. gonostylus, c. parameres, d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227559/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
d).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA13565CFFC2FBE4F0BC8" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1301]" box="[199,606,952,977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13565CFFC2FBDF00BC8" bold="true" box="[199,481,952,977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Female and immatures.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA13565CFFC4BBDAB0C00" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13565CFFC4BBDF10BEC" bold="true" box="[199,480,988,1013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Derivation of the name.</emphasis>
This species is named after Amnon Freidberg, who kindly loaned us the collection of biting midges from
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFDA135647CFB97BDA70C00" box="[372,438,1024,1049]" name="Israel" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Israel</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFDA13565CFFBB3BCFE0D0C" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA13565CFFBB3BCFE0D0C" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13565CFFBB3BD2A0C24" bold="true" box="[199,315,1060,1085]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Remarks.</emphasis>
The unusual, deeply bifurcate, Y-shaped gonostylus and the long finger-like apicolateral processes in male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA1356476FBDFBE9D0C78" box="[382,652,1096,1121]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA1356476FBDFBE9D0C78" box="[382,652,1096,1121]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Brachypogon freidbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unique among all other extant species of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA135603EFBDFB9840C78" box="[1334,1429,1096,1121]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Isohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA135603EFBDFB9840C78" box="[1334,1429,1096,1121]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Isohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter character is found only in
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA1356738FBFABF9F0C9C" authority="Meunier, 1904" authorityName="Meunier" authorityYear="1904" box="[560,910,1132,1157]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prominulus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA1356738FBFABE500C9D" box="[560,577,1133,1156]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA1356758FBFBBEDF0C9C" box="[592,718,1132,1157]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">prominulus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFFDA13567D5FBFBBF970C9C" author="Meunier" box="[733,902,1132,1157]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" refString="Meunier, F. (1904) Monographie des Cecidomyidae, des Sciaridae, des Mycetophilidae et des Chironomidae de l'ambre de la Baltique (concl.). Annales de la Societe Scientifique de Bruxelles (Mem.), 28, 93 - 275." type="journal article" year="1904">Meunier, 1904</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, the species known from Eocene Baltic amber. The shape of the aedeagus and the sclerotized ventrodistal region of tergite 9 of this new species are similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA13565F4FB22BE930CD4" authority="Spinelli &amp; Grogan, 1994" authorityName="Spinelli &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1994" box="[252,642,1204,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hugoi">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13565F4FB22BD4C0CD4" box="[252,349,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B. hugoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFFDA135646EFB23BE930CD4" author="Spinelli" box="[358,642,1204,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" refString="Spinelli, G. R. &amp; Grogan, W. L. (1994) Two new Neotropical species of the subgenus Isohelea of Brachypogon, with the description of the female of B. (I.) misionensis and a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 53, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1994">Spinelli &amp; Grogan, 1994</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the Neotropics. Similar parameres, which are completely fused basally and divided in apical half, are known in
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA13567A7FB4EB83B0CE8" authority="Goetghebuer, 1920" authorityName="Goetghebuer" authorityYear="1920" box="[687,1066,1240,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociabilis">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13567A7FB4EBED10CE9" box="[687,704,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13567C6FB4FBF280CE8" box="[718,825,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">sociabilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFFDA1356640FB4FB8320CE8" author="Goetghebuer" box="[840,1059,1240,1265]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" refString="Goetghebuer, M. (1920) Ceratopogoninae de Belgique. Memoires du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 8 (3), 1 - 116. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10099" type="journal article" year="1920">Goetghebuer, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, the widely distributed European species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="34B866D90C60D38BC1409E1188C33E80">New records of predaceous midges from the Middle East, with the description of two new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4AF99012B7525BC5F8F2E7EAE267B273">Dominiak, Patrycja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="ABE0DBFB298378344626AD7164748CC7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4D81DB99ADE29CE0248708B48FE9B177">
<mods:roleTerm id="67EA0A16D17C50DABA094B2D7DE463C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D25BFA21CF88CDA9581AC403EC5327C2">Alwin, Alicja</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0179765BB7022E490FF3B064AD716967" type="personal">
<mods:role id="900EF005E33A5636948E013B993C92AC">
<mods:roleTerm id="E3D8FB44E9363D4B774A18C5176F24D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="90EF708AAF1D7F3BB16BBEA7DFD48025">Giłka, Wojciech</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="17966AFC1E0547D9B9EAED84BDE1A388">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="79A3C3E0C1DDF7861C63C939FC035310" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="EDCCDB67B654256DA306013C9A0EC3AF">
<mods:title id="A86E776B72EBF767AAD51EC999AB1FC8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4ABC40EA639D21B8269FC2D17AC2F701">
<mods:date id="0A55F153BEBC42F22A75A3DD792EF1CC">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0CBA90FCB405BAB7969530583C4AEF6E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C31A404EE3F48C2A9E0215F1701A0B86">3753</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="4C74E57709E45736724393042F1DE653" type="issue">
<mods:number id="0507C0BCE687F616530A63463B14F13E">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B5916FF85DCEB9AC3DD0D131D5ED5030">133</mods:start>
<mods:end id="66649A5099AB1B850D6242C7C651082E">145</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="BBC806FD32932DB0483799F54EF712BD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3E9E60F37550F0C433A8A752DE5FD53C" type="CLB-Dataset">46755</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="15A8353F320AB26780CCEB174A8332CE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3753.2.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0E3E5A45FFFCA13B659FFF4EBCCE0905" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3507090" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119410355" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3507090" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3E5A45FFFCA13B659FFF4EBCCE0905" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E3E5A45FFFCA13B659FFF4EBCCE0905" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFCA134659FFF4EBD3F090C" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA134659FFF4EBDCA08EA" blockId="5.[151,475,217,277]" box="[151,475,217,243]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<heading id="DD605C3FFFFCA134659FFF4EBDCA08EA" bold="true" box="[151,475,217,243]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA134659FFF4EBDCA08EA" bold="true" box="[151,475,217,243]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFCA134659FFF4EBD6708EA" ID-CoL="9HW4P" box="[151,374,217,243]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA134659FFF4EBD6708EA" bold="true" box="[151,374,217,243]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Ceratopogon azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFD08A3AFFFCA1346476FF4EBDCA08EA" box="[382,475,217,243]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA134659FFF6BBD3F090C" blockId="5.[151,475,217,277]" box="[151,302,252,277]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
(
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA1346596FF6BBD37090C" box="[158,294,252,277]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="6.[151,249,1965,1987]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,249,1973,1995]" captionStartId-2="8.[151,249,1464,1486]" captionStartId-3="9.[151,249,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1414,209,1929]" captionTargetBox-1="[201,1385,217,1906]" captionTargetBox-2="[167,1436,183,1423]" captionTargetBox-3="[175,1411,193,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[165,1417,193,1929]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[172,1408,193,1938]" captionTargetId-2="figure@8.[151,1436,163,1443]" captionTargetId-3="figure@9.[175,1411,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows)." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male, holotype: a. male genitalia in ventral view; b. aedeagus (in part), parameres and apicolateral processes of tergite 9; c. parameres; d. aedeagus." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tarsomere 4 of hind leg (sensilla capitata indicated with arrows); f. claws of hind leg with inner teeth (indicated with arrows)." captionText-3="FIGURE 6. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. distal abdominal segments in ventral view; b. seminal capsules; c, d. sternite 9, variation." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/227561/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/227562/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/227563/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Figures 3–6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFCA134659FFEA9B8350986" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA134659FFEA9B8350986" blockId="5.[151,1437,318,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA134659FFEA9BD56094E" bold="true" box="[151,327,318,343]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<typeStatus id="592C55F1FFFCA134659FFEA9BCC3094E" box="[151,210,318,343]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="592C55F1FFFCA1346459FEA9BDAF094E" box="[337,446,318,343]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: adult male.
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA134675BFEA8BECD094E" box="[595,732,319,343]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">LEBANON</collectingCountry>
, Anti-Lebanon Mts., Maaraboun village near Baalbek (in the locality named Sheaibe), N 33˚
<geoCoordinate id="E3A38D94FFFCA13464FEFEF5BE700963" box="[502,609,354,379]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" precision="55" value="55.376">55.376 E</geoCoordinate>
36˚15.490, altitude
<quantity id="416F46B6FFFCA1346641FEF4BFB30963" box="[841,930,355,379]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.781" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" unit="m" value="1781.0">1781 m</quantity>
, stream and helocrene,
<date id="F229CD93FFFCA13461B8FEF5B9090962" box="[1200,1304,354,379]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" value="2012-05-05">5.V.2012</date>
, net, leg. P. Dominiak (UG).
<typeStatus id="592C55F1FFFCA134645FFE10BDD90986" box="[343,456,391,415]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: same data as
<typeStatus id="592C55F1FFFCA134676FFE11BEDD0986" box="[615,716,390,415]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="909120DAFFFCA13467DFFE10BF210986" box="[727,816,390,415]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="909120DAFFFCA1346633FE10BFB60986" box="[827,935,390,415]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
(LU, UG).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFCA13465CFFE3DB8EC0A36" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA13465CFFE3DB8EC0A36" blockId="5.[151,1437,318,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA13465CFFE3DBD5009DA" bold="true" box="[199,321,426,451]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFCA13464B8FE3CBE9209DA" box="[432,643,427,451]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA13464B8FE3CBE9209DA" box="[432,643,427,451]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Ceratopogon azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from all other species of the genus by the following combination of characters: apicolateral processes of tergite 9 elongate, each bearing two setae: 1 apical and 1 subapical; parameres fused on proximal 1/3, distal 2/3 divided, each half elongate, slender, apical portion long, harpoonshaped. Aedeagus with seed-like medial prongs, lateral prongs lightly sclerotized with setose apices.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFCA13965CFFDADBDE10F10" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" type="description">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA13465CFFDADB8FD0A4A" blockId="5.[151,1437,318,2032]" box="[199,1260,570,595]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA13465CFFDADBD480A4A" bold="true" box="[199,345,570,595]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Description.</emphasis>
Male.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA13464AFFDADBE330A4A" box="[423,546,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Coloration</emphasis>
. Body dark brown, tarsomeres 1–3 of all legs paler (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA1346178FDADB8A00A4A" box="[1136,1201,570,595]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1414,209,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[165,1417,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
b–d).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA13465CFFDC9B9000AFA" blockId="5.[151,1437,318,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA13465CFFDC9BD150A6E" box="[199,260,606,631]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Head</emphasis>
. Eyes pubescent, widely separated. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, total length
<quantity id="416F46B6FFFCA1346188FDC8B9350A6F" box="[1152,1316,607,631]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="9.1" metricValueMin="8.299999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="0.87" valueMax="0.91" valueMin="0.83">0.83–0.91 mm</quantity>
, AR 0.63– 0.67 (n=2), plume well developed (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA1346730FD15BE6F0A82" box="[568,638,642,667]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1414,209,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[165,1417,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a). Flagellomere 1 with two whorls of long setae and small sensilla coeloconica. Clypeus with two rows of setae in lateral position, each row with 2–4 setae. Third palpal segment slender, apical portion bearing a few small, shallow sensory pits; 62–81 Μm long, PR 2.00–2.89 (n=3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA13465CFFD79BD9C0C57" blockId="5.[151,1437,318,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA13465CFFD79BD090B1E" box="[199,280,750,775]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Thorax</emphasis>
. Transverse suture on scutum well visible; 1 anterior and 6–8 posterior supraalar setae present. Scutellum with about 5 large and few small marginal setae arranged in single row. Wing transparent,
<quantity id="416F46B6FFFCA13461F2FC84B98D0B33" box="[1274,1436,787,811]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.815" metricValueMax="1.92" metricValueMin="1.71" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="1.815" valueMax="1.92" valueMin="1.71">1.71–1.92 mm</quantity>
long, CR 0.59–0.61 (n=2). Two nearly equal-sized radial cells present; wing membrane completely devoid of macrotrichia, small sparse macrotrichia present only on subcosta. Femora and tibiae of all legs slender (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA1346017FCCDB9700B6A" box="[1311,1377,858,883]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1414,209,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[165,1417,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
b–d).
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA134659FFCE9BCDE0B8E" box="[151,207,894,919]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibial comb with 8 large setae, spur absent (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA13467B0FCE9BEEA0B8E" box="[696,763,894,919]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1414,209,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[165,1417,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
e). Basitarsus with a few ventral spine-like setae, tarsomeres 2–4 bearing only 2 apical spines (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA1346714FC35BE4F0BA2" box="[540,606,930,955]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1414,209,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[165,1417,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
b–d) and fine sensilla capitata.
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA13466CFFC35BFEE0BA2" box="[967,1023,930,955]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Hind</collectingCountry>
basitarsus with one row of palisade setae on proximal half (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA13464A0FC51BDFA0BC6" box="[424,491,966,991]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1414,209,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[165,1417,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
e) and single stout basal spine (not visible on
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA13466F5FC51B8500BC6" box="[1021,1089,966,991]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1414,209,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[165,1417,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
d, e). Tarsomeres 4 cordiform, bearing 1–3 apical long, sinuous sensilla capitata (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA13467D5FC7DBF330C1A" box="[733,802,1002,1027]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,249,1965,1987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1414,209,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[165,1417,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
f). Tarsomeres 5 slender; claws small, equal-sized with single basal seta, bifid apices and slender empodia. Fore, mid and hind tarsal ratios:
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA1346136FB98B8730C3F" box="[1086,1122,1039,1062]" name="Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">TR</collectingCountry>
I 1.8–2.0 (n=3),
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA134601CFB98B9290C3F" box="[1300,1336,1039,1062]" name="Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">TR</collectingCountry>
II 2.0–2.1 (n=2),
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA13465EBFBA1BD160C54" box="[227,263,1078,1101]" name="Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">TR</collectingCountry>
III 1.7 (n=2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA13465CFFBCBB9610DCE" blockId="5.[151,1437,318,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA13465CFFBCBBD200C6C" box="[199,305,1116,1141]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA134644CFBCBBD9A0C6C" box="[324,395,1116,1141]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,217,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[172,1408,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male, holotype: a. male genitalia in ventral view; b. aedeagus (in part), parameres and apicolateral processes of tergite 9; c. parameres; d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227561/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
a) about 2.5 times broader than segment 9. Tergite 9 tapering slightly distally from base, lateral margins parallel or nearly so, slightly constricted below U-shaped apex; apicolateral processes greatly elongate, moderately divergent distally, each bearing 2 long setae: 1 apical and 1 subapical (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA13461F9FB34B92D0CA5" box="[1265,1340,1187,1212]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,217,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[172,1408,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male, holotype: a. male genitalia in ventral view; b. aedeagus (in part), parameres and apicolateral processes of tergite 9; c. parameres; d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227561/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
b); cerci elongate, cylindrical, setose. Sternite 9 moderately short, about 2.5 times longer than broad; anterior margin straight; posterior margin with broad, shallow excavation. Gonocoxite very long, about 2.5 times longer than broad, slightly curved; proximal half moderately slender with small mesobasal spur, distal half swollen. Gonostylus
<quantity id="416F46B6FFFCA134642AFAA6BDDB0D50" box="[290,458,1329,1354]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="0.265" valueMax="0.28" valueMin="0.25">0.25–0.28 mm</quantity>
long (n=3), greatly curved on proximal and distal 1/4 portion, mid portion nearly straight; apex slightly tapered, tip rounded with three small teeth. Parameres much longer than aedeagus; proximal 1/3 fused, distal 2/3 divided, each half elongate, slender, apical portion long, harpoon-shaped (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA134601BFAE0B94C0D89" box="[1299,1373,1399,1424]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,217,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[172,1408,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male, holotype: a. male genitalia in ventral view; b. aedeagus (in part), parameres and apicolateral processes of tergite 9; c. parameres; d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227561/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
b, c). Aedeagus slightly broader than long; basal arms, arch and margins of medial prongs heavily sclerotized; medial prongs seed-like in shape; lateral prongs elongate, stout, lightly sclerotized, apices truncate, setose (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA13461FBFA29B9270DCE" box="[1267,1334,1470,1495]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,217,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[172,1408,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., male, holotype: a. male genitalia in ventral view; b. aedeagus (in part), parameres and apicolateral processes of tergite 9; c. parameres; d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227561/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
b, d).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA13465CFFA75BF730DE2" blockId="5.[151,1437,318,2032]" box="[199,866,1506,1531]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
Female.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA134642FFA75BDB30DE2" box="[295,418,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Coloration</emphasis>
. As in male, including legs (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA13467EDFA75BF370DE2" box="[741,806,1506,1531]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1464,1486]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,183,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,163,1443]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tarsomere 4 of hind leg (sensilla capitata indicated with arrows); f. claws of hind leg with inner teeth (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227562/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
b–d).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA13465CFF992BED90EC9" blockId="5.[151,1437,318,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA13465CFF992BD150E07" box="[199,260,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Head</emphasis>
. Eyes pubescent, narrowly separate. Antennal flagellum (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA13466DBF992B8310E07" box="[979,1056,1541,1566]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1464,1486]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,183,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,163,1443]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tarsomere 4 of hind leg (sensilla capitata indicated with arrows); f. claws of hind leg with inner teeth (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227562/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
a) with 13 separate cylindrical flagellomeres, flagellomeres 2–8 slightly longer than broad, 9–13 distinctly longer than broad, 13 longest; flagellomere 1 with 3–5 sensilla coeloconica on distal half. Total flagellum length
<quantity id="416F46B6FFFCA1346140F9DBB8FE0E7D" box="[1096,1263,1612,1637]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="0.59" valueMax="0.62" valueMin="0.56">0.56–0.62 mm</quantity>
, AR 0.88–0.99 (n=3). Clypeus with two rows of setae in lateral position, each row with 2–3 setae. Third palpal segment with a few shallow sensory pits usually only on distal half; length 63–65 Μm, PR 2.03–2.13 (n=3). Mandible armed with 12 large coarse teeth decreasing in size towards base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFCA13465CFF94DBFAF0FF2" blockId="5.[151,1437,318,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFCA13465CFF94DBD090EEA" box="[199,280,1754,1779]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Thorax</emphasis>
. Transverse suture on scutum well developed; 1 anterior and 7–8 posterior supraalar setae present. Scutellum with about 5 large and a few small marginal setae in single row. Wing transparent,
<quantity id="416F46B6FFFCA13461B0F969B94D0F0F" box="[1208,1372,1790,1815]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.87" metricValueMax="1.88" metricValueMin="1.86" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="1.87" valueMax="1.88" valueMin="1.86">1.86–1.88 mm</quantity>
long, CR 0.64–0.65 (n=3). Two nearly equal-sized radial cells present, wing membrane devoid of macrotrichia. Fore femur moderately swollen, mid and hind femora more slender; fore tibia slightly swollen, mid and hind tibiae more slender (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA13465F0F8FFBD2B0F98" box="[248,314,1896,1921]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1464,1486]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,183,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,163,1443]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tarsomere 4 of hind leg (sensilla capitata indicated with arrows); f. claws of hind leg with inner teeth (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227562/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
b–d).
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA1346475F8FFBDA40F98" box="[381,437,1896,1921]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibial comb with 8–10 large setae, lacking apical spur. Palisade setae of hind basitarsus, shape of tarsomeres 4 and apical sensilla capitata similar to those found in male (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA134612DF81BB8790FBC" box="[1061,1128,1932,1957]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1464,1486]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,183,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,163,1443]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tarsomere 4 of hind leg (sensilla capitata indicated with arrows); f. claws of hind leg with inner teeth (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227562/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
d, e). Tarsomeres 5 slender, claws moderately large, nearly equal-sized on all legs, each talon with basal inner tooth (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFFCA134619CF838B8C80FD1" box="[1172,1241,1967,1992]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,249,1464,1486]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,183,1423]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,163,1443]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. antenna; b – d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tarsomere 4 of hind leg (sensilla capitata indicated with arrows); f. claws of hind leg with inner teeth (indicated with arrows)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227562/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
f). Fore, mid and hind tarsal ratios:
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA1346468F843BD950FF2" box="[352,388,2004,2027]" name="Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">TR</collectingCountry>
I 1.8 (n=3),
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA134670EF843BE3B0FF2" box="[518,554,2004,2027]" name="Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">TR</collectingCountry>
II 1.9–2.1 (n=3),
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFFCA13467EBF843BF160FF2" box="[739,775,2004,2027]" name="Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">TR</collectingCountry>
III 1.8–1.9 (n=3).
</paragraph>
<caption id="D2E8BBDBFFFFA137659FF83AB8650FFB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227560/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="139" targetBox="[168,1414,209,1929]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFFA137659FF83AB8650FFB" blockId="6.[151,1436,1965,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFFA137659FF83ABD020FDB" bold="true" box="[151,275,1965,1987]" pageId="6" pageNumber="139">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFFA1376413F839BDCD0FDA" box="[283,476,1966,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFFA1376413F839BDCD0FDA" box="[283,476,1966,1987]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="139">Ceratopogon azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFD08A3AFFFFA13764EBF83ABE240FDB" box="[483,565,1965,1986]" pageId="6" pageNumber="139" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFFA13764EBF83ABE240FDB" bold="true" box="[483,565,1965,1986]" pageId="6" pageNumber="139">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male: a. antenna; b–d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tibial comb and palisade setae of hind leg; f. tarsomere 4 of fore leg with sensilla capitata (indicated with arrows).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D2E8BBDBFFFEA136659FF822BF100FF3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227561/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="140" targetBox="[201,1385,217,1906]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFEA136659FF822BF100FF3" blockId="7.[151,1435,1973,2026]" pageId="7" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFEA136659FF822BD030FD3" bold="true" box="[151,274,1973,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="140">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFEA1366410F821BDC60FD2" box="[280,471,1974,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFEA1366410F821BDC60FD2" box="[280,471,1974,1995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="140">Ceratopogon azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFD08A3AFFFEA13664D6F822BE3F0FD3" box="[478,558,1973,1994]" pageId="7" pageNumber="140" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFEA13664D6F822BE3F0FD3" bold="true" box="[478,558,1973,1994]" pageId="7" pageNumber="140">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male, holotype: a. male genitalia in ventral view; b. aedeagus (in part), parameres and apicolateral processes of tergite 9; c. parameres; d. aedeagus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D2E8BBDBFFF1A139659FFA2FB8E00DF5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227562/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" targetBox="[167,1436,183,1423]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF1A139659FFA2FB8E00DF5" blockId="8.[151,1435,1464,1516]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A139659FFA2FBD020DD4" bold="true" box="[151,275,1464,1486]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF1A1396412FA2EBDCA0DD7" box="[282,475,1465,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A1396412FA2EBDCA0DD7" box="[282,475,1465,1486]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Ceratopogon azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFD08A3AFFF1A13964EAFA2FBE220DD4" box="[482,563,1464,1485]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A13964EAFA2FBE220DD4" bold="true" box="[482,563,1464,1485]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, female: a. antenna; b–d. legs of fore (b), mid (c) and hind pair (d); e. tarsomere 4 of hind leg (sensilla capitata indicated with arrows); f. claws of hind leg with inner teeth (indicated with arrows).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF1A13965CFF98FB85C0E84" blockId="8.[151,1437,1560,2017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A13965CFF98FBD200E28" box="[199,305,1560,1585]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFF1A139644FF98FBD800E28" box="[327,401,1560,1585]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[175,1411,193,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1411,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. distal abdominal segments in ventral view; b. seminal capsules; c, d. sternite 9, variation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227563/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
a). Sternite 8 entire, moderately sclerotized, posterior margin with shallow excavation. Sternite 9 divided into two halves (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFF1A1396716F9ABBE700E4C" box="[542,609,1596,1621]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[175,1411,193,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1411,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. distal abdominal segments in ventral view; b. seminal capsules; c, d. sternite 9, variation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227563/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
c, d); anterior arm long, slender, sharply pointed; posterior arm stout, with heavily sclerotized spot on distal part. Three ovoid seminal capsules present (
<figureCitation id="1EACF7D6FFF1A1396103F9F7B8410E60" box="[1035,1104,1632,1657]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[175,1411,193,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1411,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ceratopogon azari sp. nov., female: a. distal abdominal segments in ventral view; b. seminal capsules; c, d. sternite 9, variation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227563/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
b), each with short neck; two larger, similar in size (60–72 Μm long, n=3), one markedly smaller (43–48 Μm, n=2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF1A13965CFF93FBDDF0ED8" blockId="8.[151,1437,1560,2017]" box="[199,462,1704,1729]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A13965CFF93FBD430ED8" bold="true" box="[199,338,1704,1729]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Immatures.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF1A13965CFF95ABDE10F10" blockId="8.[151,1437,1560,2017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A13965CFF95ABDF30EFF" bold="true" box="[199,482,1741,1766]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Derivation of the name.</emphasis>
The species is named in honor of Dany Azar, for his great assistance with collecting materials throughout
<collectingCountry id="FE80ABC3FFF1A139648EF967BDFD0F10" box="[390,492,1776,1801]" name="Lebanon" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFF1A13B65CFF882BCCE0905" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF1A13965CFF882B98D0FF8" blockId="8.[151,1437,1560,2017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A13965CFF882BD2A0F37" bold="true" box="[199,315,1813,1838]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Remarks.</emphasis>
The structure of the aedeagus in
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF1A13967CBF881BF8A0F34" box="[707,923,1814,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A13967CBF881BF8A0F34" box="[707,923,1814,1837]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Ceratopogon azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles the aedeagus of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF1A13961D4F881BD2E0F48" authority="Kieffer, 1913" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiforceps">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A13961D4F881B98D0F37" box="[1244,1436,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">C. grandiforceps</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF1A1396596F8AFBD260F48" author="Kieffer" box="[158,311,1848,1873]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1913) Nouveaux chironomides (tendipedides) d'Allemagne. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Metz, 28, 7 - 35." type="journal article" year="1913">Kieffer, 1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF1A139647FF8AEBEAD0F48" authority="Meigen, 1818" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1818" box="[375,700,1848,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niveipennis">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A139647FF8AEBD9B0F49" box="[375,394,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A1396490F8ADBE090F48" box="[408,536,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">niveipennis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF1A1396728F8AFBEAD0F48" author="Meigen" box="[544,700,1848,1873]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" refString="Meigen, J. W. (1818) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 1. bei Friedrich Wilhelm Forstmann, Gedrukt bei Beaufort Sohn, Aachen, xxxvi + 333 pp., pls. 1 - 11. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12464" type="book chapter" year="1818">Meigen, 1818</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(figs. 7D–G and 7A–C respectively in
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF1A1396171F8AFB99E0F48" author="Borkent" box="[1145,1423,1848,1873]" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Grogan, W. L. (1995) A revision of the genus Ceratopogon Meigen with a discussion of phylogenetic relationships, zoogeography and bionomic divergence (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 15, 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1995">Borkent &amp; Grogan 1995</bibRefCitation>
). However, this new species can be readily distinguished from those two species by its long, cylindrical apicolateral processes of tergite 9, which bear only two setae, and the shape of the parameres that are fused on proximal 1/3. Unfortunately, unique diagnostic features could not be discovered for adult female of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF1A1396156F831B8AB0FA4" box="[1118,1210,1958,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A1396156F831B8600FA4" box="[1118,1137,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A1396188F831B8AB0FA4" box="[1152,1210,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Female of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF1A1396049F831B98D0FA4" box="[1345,1436,1958,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A1396049F831B9450FA4" box="[1345,1364,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A139606AF831B98D0FA4" box="[1378,1436,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles females of several other Palaearctic species of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF1A139663CF85EBFD90FF9" box="[820,968,1993,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF1A139663CF85EBFD90FF9" box="[820,968,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="141">Ceratopogon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but its fore femur is moderately swollen.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D2E8BBDBFFF0A138659FF830BD730FC5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227563/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="142" targetBox="[175,1411,193,1936]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF0A138659FF830BD730FC5" blockId="9.[151,1436,1959,2012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF0A138659FF830BD070FA5" bold="true" box="[151,278,1959,1981]" pageId="9" pageNumber="142">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF0A1386428F83FBDF20FA4" box="[288,483,1960,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF0A1386428F83FBDF20FA4" box="[288,483,1960,1981]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="142">Ceratopogon azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFD08A3AFFF0A13864E5F830BE500FA5" box="[493,577,1959,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="142" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF0A13864E5F830BE500FA5" bold="true" box="[493,577,1959,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="142">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, female: a. distal abdominal segments in ventral view; b. seminal capsules; c, d. sternite 9, variation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFF3A13B659FFF00BCCE0905" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="10" pageNumber="143">
Both sexes of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF3A13B6448FF0FBD8F08A9" box="[320,414,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azari">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF3A13B6448FF0FBD4208B6" box="[320,339,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="143">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF3A13B646CFF0EBD8F08A9" box="[356,414,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="143">azari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were co-associated as they were collected together from same site in the Anti-Lebanon Mountains, at a small stream and an adjacent helocrene spring. This is the first record of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFF3A13B6195FF2AB92008CD" box="[1181,1329,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF3A13B6195FF2AB92008CD" box="[1181,1329,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="143">Ceratopogon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Middle East and the southernmost site for this genus in the Western Palaearctic (
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF3A13B6111FF77B83C08E1" box="[1049,1069,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="143">cf</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF3A13B6133FF77B8C808E1" author="Yu" box="[1083,1241,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="143" refString="Yu, Y. - X., Liu, J. - H., Liu, G. - P., Liu, Z. - J., Hao, B. - S., Yan, G. &amp; Zhao, T. - S. (2005) Ceratopogonidae of China, Insecta, Diptera. Vol. 2. Military Medical Science Press, Beijing [2005], 1699 pp." type="book" year="2005">
Yu
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFF3A13B6168FF76B88108E1" box="[1120,1168,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E20696A2FFF3A13B61EDFF77BCC20905" author="Grogan" pageId="10" pageNumber="143" refString="Grogan, W. L. &amp; Wirth, W. W. (1980) Two new species of Macrurohelea from Chile with a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologists, 56, 137 - 143." type="journal article" year="1980">Grogan &amp; Wirth 1980</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

218
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@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
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<mods:title id="3975CA12CF49095F26EDAF504C93730E">New records of predaceous midges from the Middle East, with the description of two new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFDA135659FFAFFBF4D0D9B" box="[151,860,1384,1410]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FFAFFBF4D0D9B" blockId="4.[151,860,1384,1410]" box="[151,860,1384,1410]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<heading id="DD605C3FFFFDA135659FFAFFBF4D0D9B" bold="true" box="[151,860,1384,1410]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA135659FFAFFBF4D0D9B" bold="true" box="[151,860,1384,1410]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
Key to adult males of
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA13564AFFAFFBE5B0D9B" ID-CoL="9G2F7" box="[423,586,1384,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13564AFFAFFBE5B0D9B" bold="true" box="[423,586,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Brachypogon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Middle East
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8DB8D8FFFDA135659FFA39B98A0F58" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="key">
<keyStep id="3D63F3F6FFFDA135659FFA39B98D0DF8" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FFA39B98D0DDD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1436,1454,1476]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FFA39B98D0DDD" box="[151,1436,1454,1476]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
1. Wing with one radial cell, or both radial cells obliterated............................... (subgenus
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA13561E6FA39B97E0DDD" ID-CoL="9G2F7" box="[1262,1391,1454,1476]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13561E6FA39B97E0DDD" box="[1262,1391,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Brachypogon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)...2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FFA5BB98D0DF8" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1436,1483,1505]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FFA5BB98D0DF8" box="[151,1436,1483,1505]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
-. Wing with two distinct radial cells..................................................... (subgenus
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA1356016FA5CB97E0DF8" box="[1310,1391,1483,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Isohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA1356016FA5CB97E0DF8" box="[1310,1391,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Isohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)... 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="3D63F3F6FFFDA135659FFA7EB98A0E05" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FFA7EB98A0DE6" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1435,1513,1535]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FFA7EB98A0DE6" box="[151,1435,1513,1535]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">2. Gonostylus short, 1.5–1.8 length of gonocoxite.............................................................. 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FF990B98A0E05" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1435,1542,1564]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FF990B98A0E05" box="[151,1435,1542,1564]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">-. Gonostylus long, nearly as long as gonocoxite............................................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3D63F3F6FFFDA135659FF9B4B9840E4E" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FF9B4B98D0E20" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1436,1571,1593]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FF9B4B98D0E20" box="[151,1436,1571,1593]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
3. Parameres well developed, readily visible..........................................
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA1356179F9B3B98D0E20" ID-CoL="8B8XX" authority="Boorman &amp; Harten" authorityName="Boorman &amp; Harten" box="[1137,1436,1571,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afifi" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA1356179F9B3B8970E20" box="[1137,1158,1572,1593]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA135619BF9B3B8B90E20" box="[1171,1192,1572,1593]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13561BEF9B4B8CC0E20" box="[1206,1245,1571,1593]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">afifi</emphasis>
Boorman &amp; Harten
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FF9D6B9840E4E" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1429,1601,1623]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FF9D6B9840E4E" box="[151,1429,1601,1623]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
-. Parameres indistinct, barely visible..........................
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA1356664F9D5B9840E4E" ID-CoL="8GTNK" authority="Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Gilka" authorityName="Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Gilka" box="[876,1429,1601,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesus" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA1356664F9D5BF6A0E4E" box="[876,891,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA1356687F9D5BFB40E4E" box="[911,933,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13566BAF9D6BFE20E4E" box="[946,1011,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">obesus</emphasis>
Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Giłka
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3D63F3F6FFFDA135659FF9C9B98A0E88" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FF9C9B98D0E6D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1436,1630,1652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FF9C9B98D0E6D" box="[151,1436,1630,1652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
4. Apical portion of aedeagus slender..............................................
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA135615AF9C8B98D0E6D" ID-CoL="8B92V" authority="Boorman &amp; Harten" authorityName="Boorman &amp; Harten" box="[1106,1436,1630,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yarimii" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA135615AF9C8B8710E6D" box="[1106,1120,1631,1652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA135617DF9C8B89B0E6D" box="[1141,1162,1631,1652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA135619FF9C8B8CD0E6D" box="[1175,1244,1631,1652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">yarimii</emphasis>
Boorman &amp; Harten
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FF9EBB98A0E88" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1435,1659,1681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FF9EBB98A0E88" box="[151,1435,1659,1681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">-. Apical portion of aedeagus broad.......................................................................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3D63F3F6FFFDA135659FF90EB98A0ED5" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FF90EB98A0EB6" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1435,1689,1711]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FF90EB98A0EB6" box="[151,1435,1689,1711]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
5. Parameres as long as aedeagus.......................................................
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA1356196F90DB98A0EB6" ID-CoL="MYSR" authority="Winnertz" authorityName="Winnertz" box="[1182,1435,1689,1711]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitiosus" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA1356196F90DB8BC0EB6" box="[1182,1197,1690,1711]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13561CAF90DB8C60EB6" box="[1218,1239,1690,1711]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13561ECF90DB93C0EB6" box="[1252,1325,1690,1711]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">vitiosus</emphasis>
(Winnertz)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FF920B98A0ED5" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1435,1718,1740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FF920B98A0ED5" box="[151,1435,1718,1740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
-. Parameres distinctly shorter than aedeagus...................
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA1356668F920B98A0ED5" ID-CoL="8H3SW" authority="Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Gilka" authorityName="Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Gilka" box="[864,1435,1718,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus" subGenus="Brachypogon">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA1356668F920BF7F0ED5" box="[864,878,1719,1740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA135668BF920BF890ED5" box="[899,920,1719,1740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13566ADF921BFE80ED5" box="[933,1017,1718,1740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">arabicus</emphasis>
Szadziewski, Gwizdalska-Kentzer &amp; Giłka
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3D63F3F6FFFDA135659FF944B98A0F1F" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<paragraph id="8628EB53FFFDA135659FF944B98D0EF0" blockId="4.[151,1436,1454,1857]" box="[151,1436,1747,1769]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
<keyLead id="3D664866FFFDA135659FF944B98D0EF0" box="[151,1436,1747,1769]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
6. Apex of gonostylus deeply bifurcate....................................................
<taxonomicName id="419790D0FFFDA13561A3F943B9580EF0" ID-CoL="9HSHB" box="[1195,1353,1747,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Brachypogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Isohelea">
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13561A3F943B8AB0EF0" box="[1195,1210,1748,1769]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B4E33741FFFDA13561C7F943B8CF0EF0" box="[1231,1246,1748,1769]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">I.</emphasis>
)
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<treatment id="0E3ED90AEF299BF3A14B049ECE05D799" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11327498" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231524389" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11327498" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3ED90AEF299BF3A14B049ECE05D799" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E3ED90AEF299BF3A14B049ECE05D799" lastPageNumber="471" pageNumber="471" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13802033">
<subSubSection id="B29D6377F7481639EAB753DAAEAD940C" pageNumber="471" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DCBDFD10621F847E197379DC56CF2AE1" pageNumber="471">
<taxonomicName id="82C1FD7931CB1B043563FBB89EB45810" ID-CoL="484X9" authority="(Schreber 1780)" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1780" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lasiopterus">
<emphasis id="C3FC0991BEFA17B480E882395C65C58A" italics="true" pageNumber="471">Nyctalus lasiopterus</emphasis>
(Schreber 1780)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C0775ECD0AE54B44F1BCFD7E3F0A86D3" pageNumber="471" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7780740D397F386C6BB2EBA907ECF0DB" pageNumber="471">
<treatmentCitation id="C4D5F6CFC753CCBDBB46936A3267FE49" author="Schreber" authority="Schreber 1780" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1780" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertiloi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" page="412" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lasiopterus" title="Vespertiloi lasiopterus" volumeTitle="in: Zimmermann, Geogr. Gesch. Mensch. Vierf. Thiere, Vol. 2" year="1780">
<taxonomicName id="A898D5BA5CD68791D211D1EA7300AE31" authority="Schreber 1780" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1780" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertiloi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lasiopterus">
<emphasis id="38970A2900D2BC9DBA8B8C1F1047DD40" italics="true" pageNumber="471">[Vespertiloi] lasiopterus</emphasis>
Schreber 1780
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="6021DF034435798AF1756B8F0B76C0D6" author="Schreber" pageNumber="471" pagination="412" title="Vespertiloi lasiopterus" volumeTitle="in: Zimmermann, Geogr. Gesch. Mensch. Vierf. Thiere, Vol. 2" year="1780">in: Zimmermann, Geogr. Gesch. Mensch. Vierf. Thiere, Vol. 2: 412</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="920516D96AA9C26A333360B9F2F10F04" pageNumber="471" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="860254636E1C0E5B55F5F3497A4584E6" pageNumber="471">
<emphasis id="1D3FEBD5E85F8E0BB587BEE94EF8CD10" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="471">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="D0A272AA46E521532E000F0878ED2996" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867287435" country="Italy" pageNumber="471">
Northern
<collectingCountry id="EC6BA9445B38EB300FAF467D99859BE3" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
,?Pisa (uncertain).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9C580B6B6BEB13A5D7E9AC47B0E3EAC9" pageNumber="471" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="5421E6980FE1F572588A7D550BF8F283" pageNumber="471">
<emphasis id="6C3DAD1AF03DB60A7D514C45797FE528" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="471">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="2AFDEBEA9B1856A9058A58A736AAF2A6" language="eng" pageNumber="471">Giant Noctule</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E75723DD71312CBBF1CD5DE889CA5320" pageNumber="471" type="synonym_list">
<paragraph id="7103D3B54A49AE7E6CE05CD2CD21AC0D" pageNumber="471">
<emphasis id="FEFCADEA01E2328465FFC6250F9093EB" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="471">Synonyms:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BC6A8854D6F1D6A37B91C0D0BC3E2C30" authority="Brehm 1827" authorityName="Brehm" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferrugineus">
<emphasis id="4494F2E5626549A392ADBBFEE3A2D81F" italics="true" pageNumber="471">Nyctalus ferrugineus</emphasis>
Brehm 1827
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="D6EB57EBF32251C07B1D9A87B94779B0" authority="Fatio 1869" authorityName="Fatio" authorityYear="1869" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maxima">
<emphasis id="DB96B58AB5E7228B8D486B4D2AB3E298" italics="true" pageNumber="471">Nyctalus maxima</emphasis>
Fatio 1869
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="EBA131E777F90A84FF738AF109119ADC" authority="Mina-Palumbo 1868" authorityName="Mina-Palumbo" authorityYear="1868" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sicula">
<emphasis id="0D387DC33A2972391678234329DD1E41" italics="true" pageNumber="471">Nyctalus sicula</emphasis>
Mina-Palumbo 1868
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9312336C27BEE74F4FF0221EB8D2D80A" pageNumber="471" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="76EA403C216D4515EBB8659F7FC4E5A0" pageNumber="471">
<emphasis id="AE28C97C5E8532AA76021DE8DF8B9131" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="471">Distribution:</emphasis>
W Europe to Urals, Caucasus, and Balkans,
<collectingCountry id="8C2CD4039C1DBE2AB828A8113DBB7115" name="Turkey">Asia Minor</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1F83FE13A58B99A73FBFDBECBEFF18F1" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
and Ust-Urt Plateau (
<collectingCountry id="3F87D7F0F7B0D157603022F7F8252EC2" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="A7A632792E8C9A7C3E1D8D13ED9E595E" name="Morocco">Morocco</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="45B1FBB9C00647505E6E99E3F052C6F5" name="Libya">Libya</collectingCountry>
, possbily
<collectingCountry id="6F9982FB58B6F514CBD1B2296B00B620" name="Algeria">Algeria</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0C964866EFB61B78E4E86B9233621943" pageNumber="471" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="B6AFB77578E3035645C9E6C252630509" pageNumber="471">
<emphasis id="67A5E9EBFC7E5CB3E6E7F56049766200" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="471">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="D1040D66F7EE3DD36A796FC64C964D90">IUCN</collectionCode>
2003 and
<collectionCode id="7EF758F2C6E412F2669E04259D378F0D">IUCN</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="A99CA20FCD3C14E9812A09F8002E9CF5" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9wqd-8bvt" name="Sacramento State University" type="">SSC</collectionCode>
Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="433F991FEBCFCDA5E4674CA9153AA93E" pageNumber="471" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1BC0BE9CF9C0EDB7F43879B0D194BBFD" pageNumber="471">
<emphasis id="0C91051980228BC3888373970B00003C" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="471">Discussion:</emphasis>
Reviewed by
<bibRefCitation id="5C01311ED3B02D4B8A49703FC5C70C63" author="Corbet, G. B." refId="ref67548" refString="Corbet, G. B. 1978 c. The mammals of the Palaearctic region: A taxonomic review. British Museum (Natural History), London, 314 pp." year="1978">
Corbet (1978
<emphasis id="0A5E75D1A171F84CE4A2098A9BD9279F" italics="true" pageNumber="471">c</emphasis>
)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

196
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.90.85690" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-90-147" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A7593C07510F51EFB63CD8BC995EEFDB" ModsDocID="1314-4049-90-147" checkinTime="1655973131933" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Sheng-Nan, Fan, Yu-Guang &amp; Yan, Jun-Qing" docDate="2022" docId="0E3EF4D473C854DA99EA4CAA3C9FDC86" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 90: 147-162" docOrigin="MycoKeys 90" docPubDate="2022-06-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.90.85690" docTitle="Iugisporipsathyra reticulopilea J. Q. Yan, Y. G. Fan &amp; S. N. Wang 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="A7593C07510F51EFB63CD8BC995EEFDB" lastPageNumber="147" masterDocId="A7593C07510F51EFB63CD8BC995EEFDB" masterDocTitle="Iugisporipsathyra reticulopilea gen. et sp. nov. (Agaricales, Psathyrellaceae) from tropical China produces unique ridge-ornamented spores with an obvious suprahilar plage" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="147" pageNumber="147" updateTime="1655973131933" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Iugisporipsathyra reticulopilea gen. et sp. nov. (Agaricales, Psathyrellaceae) from tropical China produces unique ridge-ornamented spores with an obvious suprahilar plage</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Sheng-Nan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0648-271X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China &amp; Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fan, Yu-Guang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Edible Mushrooms, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Breeding &amp; Cultivation of Features Edible Mushrooms, Fuzhou 350011, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yan, Jun-Qing</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-5171</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China &amp; Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">yanjunqing1990@126.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-06-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>90</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>147</mods:start>
<mods:end>162</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.90.85690</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.90.85690</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-90-147</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">A7593C07510F51EFB63CD8BC995EEFDB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="results">
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF4D473C854DA99EA4CAA3C9FDC86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E3EF4D473C854DA99EA4CAA3C9FDC86" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
<taxonomicName LSID="0E3EF4D4-73C8-54DA-99EA-4CAA3C9FDC86" authority="J. Q. Yan, Y. G. Fan &amp; S. N. Wang" authorityName="J. Q. Yan, Y. G. Fan &amp; S. N. Wang" authorityYear="2022" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Iugisporipsathyra" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Iugisporipsathyra reticulopilea" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="reticulopilea" status="sp. nov.">Iugisporipsathyra reticulopilea J.Q. Yan, Y.G. Fan &amp; S.N. Wang</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="147">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Macroscopic and microscopic structures of Iugisporipsathyra reticulopilea a-d Basidiomata e, f spores viewed by scanning electron microscopy g spores in Melzer's Reagent h spores in water i hymenophore j, k cheilocystidia l, m pileipellis and hairs hyphae n, o caulocystidia. Scale bars: 20 mm (a-d); 20 μm (g-o). Structures of i-o were observed in 5 % KOH solution and Congo red was used as the stain." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.90.85690.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704576" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">reticulo-, reticular; reticulopilea, referring to the surface characteristic of the pileus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
Pileus 30-90 mm broad, oblate when young, expanding to plane, surface dry, rugose to appearing reticulate ridged, hygrophanous, pale yellow to greyish-yellow (4A3-4B2), becoming yellowish-white (4A2) as pileus dries, centre and ridged area darker, brown to dark brown (7D6-7F6), becoming greyish-yellow (4B2) as pileus dries. Pileus surface covered by inconspicuous villus. Villus very short, white (4A2), persistent. Veil absent. Context 3.0-4.0 mm broad, fragile, dirty white (7A1-7B2). Lamellae 3.5-10 mm broad, crowded, adnexed, 2-3 tiers of lamellulae, dirty white (7A1-7B2), becoming brown (7E6-7E8) as spores mature, edge white (7A1-7B1) and saw-toothed under 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
magnification. Stipe 50-80 mm long, 3.0-10 mm thick, fragile to fibrous, white to dirty white (7A1-7B1), cylindrical, hollow, gradually thickening towards base, 8.0-17 mm thick at base. Stipe surface covered with small, white, evanescent fibrils.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/mycokeys.90.85690.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704576" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Macroscopic and microscopic structures of
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. Q. Yan, Y. G. Fan &amp; S. N. Wang" authorityYear="2022" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Iugisporipsathyra" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Iugisporipsathyra reticulopilea" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="species" species="reticulopilea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Iugisporipsathyra reticulopilea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">a-d</emphasis>
Basidiomata
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">e, f</emphasis>
spores viewed by scanning electron microscopy
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">g</emphasis>
spores in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Melzer’s">Melzer's</normalizedToken>
Reagent
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">h</emphasis>
spores in water
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">i</emphasis>
hymenophore
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">j, k</emphasis>
cheilocystidia
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">l, m</emphasis>
pileipellis and hairs hyphae
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">n, o</emphasis>
caulocystidia. Scale bars: 20 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">a-d</emphasis>
); 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">g-o</emphasis>
). Structures of
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">i-o</emphasis>
were observed in 5% KOH solution and Congo red was used as the stain.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
Spores (7.5-)8.0-9.7(-10.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(4.0-)4.5-6.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, Q = 1.5-2.0, amygdaliform in profile view, (4.5-)4.8-6.0(-6.3)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
broad, ovoid to elongate in face view, inamyloid, red-brown in water, brown in alkaline solution, fades in concentrated sulphuric acid, ornamentation up to 1.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
high, composed of irregular ridges and rarely verrucose, variable in length, partly connected, sometimes forming a zebroid pattern or closed meshes, suprahilar plage obvious, germ pore absent. Basidia (19-)22-29
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
9.5-12.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, clavate, hyaline, 4- or 2-spored. Pseudoparaphyses abundant. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia (37-)40-61(-68)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(9.5-)12-18(-22)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, hyaline, utriform with obtuse to broadly obtuse apex, base tapering to a short or long stipe. Caulocystidia 50-90
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.0-14
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, scattered or caespitose, various, mostly narrow clavate, hyaline. Trama of gills subparallel. Pileipellis hymeniderm, composed of a 1-cell-deep layer of pyriform cells, mixed with sparsely simple hairs, pyriform cells (35-)38-60 (-62)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(12-)14-23
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, hairs hyphae, separate, 7.0-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
broad. Clamps present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Known distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Tropical China (Hainan Province).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="habit and habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Habit and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Scattered or 2-3 caespitose on red soil of roadside under broadleaf tree.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="China" county="Ding'an County" location="Longhu Town" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hainan Province">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ding’an">Ding'an</normalizedToken>
County
</collectingCounty>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF4D473C854DA99EA4CAA3C9FDC86:E70D47D308AAAE8B6E9BA8CB3669F906" country="China" county="Ding'an County" name="Longhu Town" stateProvince="Hainan Province">Longhu Town</location>
</materialsCitation>
,
<date value="2019-01-02">2 Jan 2019</date>
, Yu-Guang Fan, Jun-Qing Yan HFJAU 1352 (
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
);
<date value="2019-01-04">4 Jan 2019</date>
, Jun-Qing Yan, Sheng-Nan Wang, HFJAU 3181, HFJAU 3182.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="dna sequence of type">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">DNA sequence of type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
ON207138 (ITS), ON207137 (LSU), ON210974 (β-
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">tub</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
Differs from other species in
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. Q. Yan, Y. G. Fan &amp; S. N. Wang" authorityYear="2022" family="Psathyrellaceae" genus="Iugisporipsathyra" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" rank="family">Psathyrellaceae</taxonomicName>
by having ridge-ornamented spores with an obvious suprahilar plage.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>

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<mods:title id="24C31982A6A2DB72F62D2288C66B6B0F">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF26FB94FF64FB18" bold="true" box="[136,171,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">50.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF6AFB97FE7AFB18" bold="true" box="[196,437,1129,1156]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Myoxanthus uxorius</emphasis>
(Luer)
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. (Fig. 18J)
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF58FB4BFE77FB57" box="[246,440,1205,1227]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Pleurothallis uxoria</emphasis>
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.
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:—
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: epiphytic in cloud forest east of the pass between
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,
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&amp;
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2533
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(
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:
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!).
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF26FABFFEEBFAC7" bold="true" box="[136,292,1345,1371]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
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and
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.
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<paragraph id="8628475BFF808533FF13FA98FE9EF9A8" blockId="39.[136,1452,1345,1588]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF13FA98FEE9FA1C" bold="true" box="[189,294,1382,1408]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Notes:—</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FE88FA98FDC3FA1C" box="[294,524,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Myoxanthus uxorius</emphasis>
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is caespitose with narrow leaves generally with revolute margins and yellowish glabrous flowers that are similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF808533FDBAFA75FD48FA38" authorityName="Fraga &amp; Kollmann" authorityYear="2003" box="[532,647,1418,1444]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ruschii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FDBAFA75FD48FA38" box="[532,647,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">M. ruschii</emphasis>
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from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF808533FD64FA74FCDEFA38" box="[714,785,1418,1444]" name="Brazil" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, but
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF808533FCE9FA75FC0FFA38" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[839,960,1419,1444]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uxorius">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FCE9FA75FC0FFA38" box="[839,960,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">M. uxorius</emphasis>
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is distinguished by its unmottled sepals and petals
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF7EFA51FF28FA54" box="[208,231,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">vs</emphasis>
. darkly mottled, column foot without calli
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FD69FA51FD11FA54" box="[711,734,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">vs</emphasis>
. with a pair of thick calli near the apex, yellow lip suffused with brown, obovate arcuate, convex above the middle, the disc with a pair of smooth, rounded calli bellow the middle
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FA23FA2DFA6BFA70" box="[1421,1444,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">vs</emphasis>
. reddish to brownish, obovate, with angled elevated margin near the middle and revolute slightly verrucose margins above the middle.
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<mods:title id="8DA4835A0A4EAD9B69986F66CDFF1EDF">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FD937D8BEC072AC5F3BFA42FDD92A8CD">2021</mods:date>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF26FDB0FF64FDF4" bold="true" box="[136,171,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">49.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF6AFDB3FDCBFDF4" bold="true" box="[196,516,589,616]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Myoxanthus trachychlamys</emphasis>
(Schltr.)
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</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 18I)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF58FD67FDCAFD32" box="[246,517,665,686]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Pleurothallis trachychlamys</emphasis>
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.
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foot-hill, east of
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, sea level,
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215
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(
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:
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, destroyed,
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selected by
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<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF808533FF13FD1FFA64FD6B" box="[189,1451,737,759]" collectionCode="AMES, MO" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" specimenCount="1">
1991, AMES-23974; isolectotypes:
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!,
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!, illustration of
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!). Heterotypic synonym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FB23FD1FFABDFD6A" box="[1165,1394,737,758]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Pleurothallis cymbicalli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF808533FAD9FD1FFA64FD6B" author="Pabst, G. F." box="[1399,1451,737,759]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" pagination="267 - 270" refId="ref30349" refString="Pabst, G. F. (1962) As orquideas do herbario do Instituto Agronomico do Norte II. Arquivos de Botanica do Estado de Sao Paulo (n. s.) 3: 267 - 270, tab. 67 A." type="journal article" year="1962">Pabst</bibRefCitation>
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(1962: 268).
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:—
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.
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,
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8584
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(
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:
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IAN!; isotype: AMES).
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF808533FF26FC93FAF2FBA0" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF808533FF26FC93FAE5FC14" blockId="39.[136,1451,877,1084]" box="[136,1322,877,904]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF26FC93FEEBFC1B" bold="true" box="[136,292,877,903]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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and western
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF808533FB70FC90FAE9FC14" box="[1246,1318,878,904]" name="Brazil" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF808533FF13FC6CFAF2FBA0" blockId="39.[136,1451,877,1084]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF13FC6CFEE9FC30" bold="true" box="[189,294,914,940]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Notes:—</emphasis>
This widely distributed species is easily recognized among
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF808533FC1BFC6CFB5BFC30" box="[949,1172,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FC1BFC6CFBF1FC30" box="[949,1086,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
by the short, repent habit and yellow flowers. The only other species of the genus with a repent habit is
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF808533FBA1FC49FB4DFC4C" authorityName="Reichenbach" authorityYear="1854" box="[1039,1154,950,976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hystrix">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FBA1FC49FBE9FC4C" box="[1039,1062,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FB98FC48FB4DFC4C" box="[1078,1154,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">hystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but its flowers are easily distinguished.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF808533FE85FC24FD92FC68" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[299,605,986,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachychlamys">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FE85FC24FD92FC68" box="[299,605,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Myoxanthus trachychlamys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has yellow flowers with acute, oblong sepals and petals and oblong lip with a small, acute lobe on the lateral margins, whereas
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF808533FD15FC01FCE4FB84" authorityName="Reichenbach" authorityYear="1854" box="[699,811,1022,1048]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hystrix">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FD15FC01FCE4FB84" box="[699,811,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">M. hystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has yellowish flowers with purple veins, triangular petals with the base contracted and a subclavate apex, a small, oblong, recurved lip and column with broad wings.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF6AFF63FE0CFF24" bold="true" box="[196,451,157,184]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Myoxanthus sotoanus</emphasis>
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. (Fig. 18G,H)
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Type:—
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, epiphytic in secondary vegetation along the river, premontane wet forest,
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!, photo, illustration of type,
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!; isotype:
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spirit)
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.
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—
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF13FE64FEE9FE28" bold="true" box="[189,294,410,436]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Notes:—</emphasis>
For years, this proliferous species remained unnoticed and misidentify as
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.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FD7CFE40FC08FE44" box="[722,967,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Myoxanthus sotoanus</emphasis>
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is recognized by linear leaves and flowers with brownish sepals, yellowish translucent petals and yellow lip. The most similar species is
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FB01FE1DFA9CFE60" box="[1199,1363,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">M. panamense</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FA23FE1DFF23FDBC" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">M. sotoanus</emphasis>
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is distinguished from the former by the brownish sepals
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FCC7FDF9FC4FFDBC" box="[873,896,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">vs</emphasis>
. greenish translucent and yellow lip
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FAB0FDF9FAFAFDBC" box="[1310,1333,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">vs</emphasis>
. purple.
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<heading id="DD60F037FF808533FF26F99CFD37F9E0" box="[136,760,1633,1661]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF26F99CFF64F9E0" bold="true" box="[136,171,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF808533FF13F99FFDB7F9E1" ID-CoL="456L4" authority="Luer (2006: 251)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="251" authorityYear="2006" box="[189,632,1633,1661]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="werneri">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF13F99FFE61F9E0" bold="true" box="[189,430,1633,1660]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Myoxanthus werneri</emphasis>
Luer (2006: 251)
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 18K)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFF808533FF26F953FDC7F97B" blockId="39.[136,1452,1709,1767]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF808533FF26F953FE98F97B" collectingDate="2005-02-07" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Ecuador" elevation="2010" location="Zamora" municipality="Estacion Cientifica San Francisco" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF808533FF26F953FF09F95E" box="[136,198,1709,1730]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF808533FF4CF953FE95F95E" box="[226,346,1709,1730]" name="Ecuador" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF808533FECBF953FDD1F95F" box="[357,542,1709,1731]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF808533FD86F953FCBAF95F" box="[552,885,1709,1731]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Estación Científica San Francisco</collectingMunicipality>
, between
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF808533FC76F953FBCBF95F" box="[984,1028,1709,1731]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Loja</collectingRegion>
and
<location id="83481180FF808533FB99F950FB4BF95F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF80853CFF26F99CFAFCF80E:83481180FF808533FB99F950FB4BF95F" box="[1079,1156,1710,1731]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Estacion Cientifica San Francisco" name="Zamora" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe">Zamora</location>
,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF808533FB21F953FB13F95F" box="[1167,1244,1709,1731]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="2010.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF808533FB21F953FB13F95F" box="[1167,1244,1709,1731]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="2010.0">2010 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFF808533FB46F950FA95F95F" box="[1256,1370,1709,1731]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" value="2005-02-07">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF808533FB46F950FA95F95F" box="[1256,1370,1709,1731]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" value="2005-02-07">7 Feb 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FAC8F950FF22F97A" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Werner 1481</emphasis>
(
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:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF808533FEF2F92FFE4AF97A" box="[348,389,1745,1766]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, not located).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF80853CFF26F8EBFAFCF80E" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF808533FF26F8EBFE6CF8AC" blockId="39.[136,1452,1813,2020]" box="[136,419,1813,1840]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF26F8EBFEEBF8B3" bold="true" box="[136,292,1813,1839]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF808533FEEEF8E8FE50F8AC" box="[320,415,1814,1840]" name="Ecuador" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF808533FF13F8C4FE72F878" blockId="39.[136,1452,1813,2020]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FF13F8C4FEE9F8C8" bold="true" box="[189,294,1850,1876]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">Notes:—</emphasis>
According to the protologue, the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF808533FD31F8C4FD00F8C8" box="[671,719,1850,1876]" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">type</typeStatus>
was deposited at MO, but the specimen was not located when it was requested. Luer compared it with
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF808533FD97F8A1FD6AF8E4" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[569,677,1886,1912]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FD97F8A1FD6AF8E4" box="[569,677,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and suggested it could be distinguished from the latter by the fleshy flowers with wider sepals and petals and an oblong lip that is acutely arcuate near the middle. The photo (Fig. 18K) here fits the description and illustration of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF808533FDCBF859FD2EF85C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="2006" box="[613,737,1959,1984]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="39" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="werneri">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF808533FDCBF859FD2EF85C" box="[613,737,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="250">M. werneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the most diagnostic features, the wide broad sepals, arcuate lip and bidentate column apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF8F853CFF26F8CAFAFCF80E" blockId="40.[136,1452,1844,1938]" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFF26F8CAFEC6F8D5" bold="true" box="[136,265,1844,1866]" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFEA0F8CAFE23F8D5" box="[270,492,1844,1866]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFEA0F8CAFE4CF8D5" box="[270,387,1844,1865]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
species. A
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFE5BF8CBFD98F8D5" authorityName="Fraga &amp; Kollmann" authorityYear="2003" box="[501,599,1844,1866]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ruschii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFE5BF8CBFD98F8D5" box="[501,599,1844,1866]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. ruschii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. B.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFDD0F8CBFCECF8D5" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1976" box="[638,803,1844,1866]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sarcodactylae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFDD0F8CBFCECF8D5" box="[638,803,1844,1866]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. sarcodactylae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. C.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFCE4F8CBFC0EF8D5" authorityName="Ames" authorityYear="1923" box="[842,961,1844,1866]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFCE4F8CBFC0EF8D5" box="[842,961,1844,1866]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. D–E.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFBAAF8CBFB58F8D5" box="[1028,1175,1844,1866]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serripetalus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFBAAF8CBFB58F8D5" box="[1028,1175,1844,1866]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. serripetalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. F.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFB16F8CBFA83F8D5" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" box="[1208,1356,1844,1866]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplicaulis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFB16F8CBFA83F8D5" box="[1208,1356,1844,1866]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. simplicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. G–H.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFA3FF8CBFF12F8F2" authorityName="Pupulin, Bogarin &amp; Fernandez" authorityYear="2010" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sotoanus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFA3FF8CBFF12F8F2" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. sotoanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. I.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFF50F8A7FE65F8F1" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[254,426,1880,1902]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachychlamys">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFF50F8A7FE65F8F1" box="[254,426,1880,1902]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. trachychlamys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. J.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFE65F8A7FDFBF8F2" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[459,564,1881,1902]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uxorius">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFE65F8A7FDFBF8F2" box="[459,564,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. uxorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. K.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFDF3F8A7FD21F8F2" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="2006" box="[605,750,1880,1902]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="werneri">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFDF3F8A7FD21F8F2" box="[605,750,1880,1902]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. aff. werneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. L.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF8F853CFCBAF8A7FCB2F8F1" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" box="[788,893,1880,1902]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="xiphion">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8F853CFCBAF8A7FCB2F8F1" box="[788,893,1880,1902]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="251">M. xiphion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photographs by: E. Luiger (A). J. Ponert (B). D. Bogarín (C). A. Hirtz (D). G. Verhellen (E). L. &amp; M. Karlbom (F). G. Rojas-Alvarado (G, H, I). E. Schulz (J, K). S. Vieira-Uribe (L).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF818532FF26FA2CFC19FA70" box="[136,982,1490,1517]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF26FA2CFC19FA70" blockId="38.[136,982,1490,1517]" box="[136,982,1490,1517]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<heading id="DD60F037FF818532FF26FA2CFC19FA70" box="[136,982,1490,1517]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF26FA2CFF64FA70" bold="true" box="[136,171,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">47.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FF6AFA2CFC95FA71" ID-CoL="456KX" authority="(C. Schweinf.) Luer (1982: 51)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="C. Schweinf." box="[196,858,1490,1517]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplicicaulis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF6AFA2CFE34FA71" bold="true" box="[196,507,1490,1517]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Myoxanthus simplicicaulis</emphasis>
(C.Schweinf.) Luer (1982: 51)
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 18F)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF818532FF26F9E0FC6BF9C4" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF26F9E0FCB1F9A8" blockId="38.[136,1452,1566,1696]" box="[136,894,1566,1588]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FF58F9E0FCB5F9A8" ID-CoL="7Y28P" authority="Schweinfurth (1962: 16)" authorityName="Schweinfurth" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1962" box="[246,890,1566,1588]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" variety="simplicicaulis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF58F9E0FE1EF9AF" box="[246,465,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Pleurothallis scandens</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FDAEF9E0FD4AF9AF" box="[512,645,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">simplicicaulis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF818532FD25F9E0FCB5F9A8" author="Schweinfurth, C." box="[651,890,1566,1588]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref31749" refString="Schweinfurth, C. (1962) Novelties in the orchid flora of the Guayana highlands II. Botanical Museum Leaflets 20: 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1962">Schweinfurth (1962: 16)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF26F9BCFC6BF9C4" blockId="38.[136,1452,1566,1696]" box="[136,932,1602,1624]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
Homotypic synonym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FEF1F9BCFC6FF9C4" ID-CoL="7Y28P" authority="(C. Schweinf.) Luer (1977: 388)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="388" authorityYear="1977" baseAuthorityName="C. Schweinf." box="[351,928,1602,1624]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplicicaulis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FEF1F9BCFDA9F9CB" box="[351,614,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Pleurothallis simplicicaulis</emphasis>
(C.Schweinf.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF818532FD57F9BCFC6FF9C4" author="Luer, C. A." box="[761,928,1602,1624]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" pagination="203 - 412" refId="ref29272" refString="Luer, C. A. (1977) Miscellaneous new species in Pleurothallidinae: Pleurothallis. Selbyana 3: 203 - 412." type="journal article" year="1977">Luer (1977: 388)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF818532FF26F998FF38F93C" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF26F998FF38F93C" blockId="38.[136,1452,1566,1696]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF818532FF26F998FAC5F9E0" box="[136,1290,1638,1660]" collectingDate="1953-06-23" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Venezuela" elevation="1775" location="Rio Tirica" municipality="Apacara-tepui" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF818532FF26F998FF09F9E7" box="[136,198,1638,1659]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FF4FF998FEBBF9E7" box="[225,372,1638,1659]" name="Venezuela" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF818532FED0F998FE05F9E0" box="[382,458,1638,1660]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF818532FE7DF998FD92F9E0" box="[467,605,1638,1660]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Apácara-tepui</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="83481180FF818532FDC6F998FD03F9E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF818532FF26FA2CFD7DF85C:83481180FF818532FDC6F998FD03F9E0" box="[616,716,1638,1660]" country="Venezuela" municipality="Apacara-tepui" name="Rio Tirica" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" stateProvince="Bolivar">Río Tirica</location>
,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF818532FD79F998FC90F9E7" box="[727,863,1638,1660]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" unit="m" value="1775.0" valueMax="1850.0" valueMin="1700.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF818532FD79F998FC90F9E7" box="[727,863,1638,1660]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" unit="m" value="1775.0" valueMax="1850.0" valueMin="1700.0">1700–1850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFF818532FCC4F998FC2BF9E0" box="[874,996,1638,1660]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" value="1953-06-23">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF818532FCC4F998FC2BF9E0" box="[874,996,1638,1660]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" value="1953-06-23">23 Jun 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FC41F998FB50F9E7" box="[1007,1183,1638,1659]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Steyermark 75957</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF818532FB03F998FAC9F9E0" box="[1197,1286,1638,1660]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF818532FAA1F998FA9AF9E7" box="[1295,1365,1638,1659]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" name="Harvard University - Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="Herbarium">AMES</collectionCode>
; isotype:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF818532FF13F974FF28F93C" box="[189,231,1674,1696]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF818532FF26F930FD7DF85C" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF26F930FD88F974" blockId="38.[136,1452,1742,1985]" box="[136,583,1742,1768]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF26F930FEEBF974" bold="true" box="[136,292,1742,1768]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FEEEF930FE59F974" box="[320,406,1742,1768]" name="Guyana" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Guyana</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FE63F930FD8BF974" box="[461,580,1742,1768]" name="Venezuela" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF13F90CFD7DF85C" blockId="38.[136,1452,1742,1985]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF13F90CFEE9F890" bold="true" box="[189,294,1778,1804]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species has been reported from only
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FD59F90CFC81F890" box="[759,846,1778,1804]" name="Guyana" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Guyana</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FC2DF90CFC35F890" box="[899,1018,1778,1804]" name="Venezuela" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
. It is caespitose with slender ramicauls and narrow leaves producing successive single flowers. The habit is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FC52F8E9FB62F8AC" authorityName="Ames &amp; Schweinfurth" authorityYear="1930" box="[1020,1197,1814,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsuticaulis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FC52F8E9FB62F8AC" box="[1020,1197,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. hirsuticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FB4AF8E9FA9FF8AC" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1252,1360,1815,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="merae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FB4AF8E9FA9FF8AC" box="[1252,1360,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. merae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the yellowish to brownish flowers with abaxially shortly pubescent sepals are most similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FB3DF8C5FACFF8C8" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1171,1280,1851,1876]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="merae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FB3DF8C5FACFF8C8" box="[1171,1280,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. merae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is only found in
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FF5FF8A0FE81F8E4" box="[241,334,1886,1912]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FE26F8A1FE70F8E5" box="[392,447,1887,1913]" name="Peru" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Peru</collectingCountry>
. It is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FD71F8A1FC83F8E4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[735,844,1887,1912]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="merae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FD71F8A1FC83F8E4" box="[735,844,1887,1912]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. merae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the wider petals with a more pronounced narrow, thickened apical section, more pronounced and oblique lateral lobes of the lip and a pair of longitudinal calli emerging below the middle of the lip extending to the base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

168
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<mods:title id="53454FAD12FC2EB71DC05A756893C25B">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF818532FF26FC6CFC72FC30" box="[136,957,914,941]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF26FC6CFC72FC30" blockId="38.[136,957,914,941]" box="[136,957,914,941]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<heading id="DD60F037FF818532FF26FC6CFC72FC30" box="[136,957,914,941]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF26FC6CFF64FC30" bold="true" box="[136,171,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">46.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FF6AFC6CFCEBFC31" ID-CoL="456KW" authority="(Kraenzl.) Luer (1982 a: 51)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Kraenzlin" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[196,804,914,941]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serripetalus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF6AFC6CFE2CFC31" bold="true" box="[196,483,914,941]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Myoxanthus serripetalus</emphasis>
(Kraenzl.)
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</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 18D,E)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF58FC20FE2DFC6F" box="[246,482,990,1011]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Pleurothallis serripetala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF26FBFCFB8AFBA0" blockId="38.[136,1451,990,1084]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF818532FF26FBFCFF08FB8B" box="[136,199,1026,1047]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
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.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF818532FE81FBFCFEA8FB84" box="[303,359,1026,1048]" country="Peru" name="Junin" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Junín</collectingRegion>
:
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, epiphytic in the valley of
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,
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,
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</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF13FBD8FEA7FBA7" box="[189,360,1062,1083]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Weberbauer 6538</emphasis>
(
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:
</materialsCitation>
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF818532FE78FBD8FE27FBA7" box="[470,488,1062,1083]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
, destroyed,
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, designated here, the isotype
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)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF818532FF26FB94FD77FA38" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF26FB94FEEBFB18" bold="true" box="[136,292,1130,1156]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
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and
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF13FB70FD77FA38" blockId="38.[136,1452,1130,1445]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF13FB70FEE9FB34" bold="true" box="[189,294,1166,1192]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Notes:—</emphasis>
This is the largest and most distinctive species of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FCF6FB70FC2EFB34" authorityName=", Luer" authorityYear="1992" box="[856,993,1166,1192]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FCF6FB70FC2EFB34" box="[856,993,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
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. The flowers are dark red to dark purple with the column yellowish, long sepals (up to
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) densely covered adaxially by circular to subcircular warts. The petals are obovate at the base, abruptly contracted above the middle, forming a narrow, oblong to linear apex. The lip is ovate to trilobate with lateral lobes erect bellow the middle and margins serrate to fimbriate and apex verrucose; it has a subclavate column and fimbriate anther cap. The most similar species is
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FBA9FAE1FBB5FAA4" box="[1031,1146,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. oliviae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is distinguished by brownish to yellowish flowers and sagittate petal apex.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FD41FABCFBCCFAC0" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Kraenzlin" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[751,1027,1346,1372]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serripetalus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FD41FABCFBCCFAC0" box="[751,1027,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Myoxanthus serripetalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found in the high Andes of
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FAE0FABCFA64FAC0" box="[1358,1451,1346,1372]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FF16FA99FF21FA1D" box="[184,238,1383,1409]" name="Peru" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Peru</collectingCountry>
, above
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elevation. Because the
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of
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FC80FA98FB83FA1C" box="[814,1100,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Pleurothallis serripetalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was destroyed at B, an isotype preserved at MOL is designated here as
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF818532FDE7FA74FD7CFA38" box="[585,691,1418,1444]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF26FE88FF63FE0C" bold="true" box="[136,172,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">45.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF6AFE88FE09FE0D" bold="true" box="[196,454,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Myoxanthus scandens</emphasis>
(Ames)
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. (Fig. 18C)
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF58FE3CFE1EFE4B" box="[246,465,450,471]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Pleurothallis scandens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF818532FE78FE3CFD63FE44" author="Ames, O." box="[470,684,450,472]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" refId="ref27270" refString="Ames, O. (1923 b) New or noteworthy orchids from Central America and the Philippine Islands. In: Ames, O. (Ed.) Schedulae orchidianae 5. Earnshaw, Boston, 42 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 156824" type="book" year="1923">Ames (1923b: 18–21)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF818532FF26FE18FB58FE60" box="[136,1175,486,508]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF26FE18FB58FE60" blockId="38.[136,1175,450,508]" box="[136,1175,486,508]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF818532FF26FE18FB5CFE60" box="[136,1171,486,508]" collectionCode="AMES" collectorName="La Estrella &amp; Lankester &amp; Sancho" country="Costa Rica" location="Cartago" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cartago" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FF7AFE18FEABFE67" box="[212,356,486,507]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF818532FEC3FE18FE72FE67" box="[365,445,486,507]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Cartago</collectingRegion>
:
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF818532FE68FE18FDFEFE60" box="[454,561,486,508]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">La Estrella</collectorName>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FD94FE18FCE7FE67" box="[570,808,486,507]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF818532FD94FE18FD56FE67" box="[570,665,486,507]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Lankester</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF818532FD16FE18FD30FE67" box="[696,767,486,507]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Sancho</collectorName>
401
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF818532FC9BFE18FC41FE60" box="[821,910,486,508]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF818532FC38FE18FC2FFE67" box="[918,992,486,507]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" name="Harvard University - Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="Herbarium">AMES</collectionCode>
!; isotype:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF818532FB90FE18FB46FE60" box="[1086,1161,486,508]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" name="Harvard University - Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="Herbarium">AMES</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF818532FF26FDD4FF0BFCF9" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF26FDD4FE0EFDD8" blockId="38.[136,1452,554,869]" box="[136,449,554,580]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF26FDD4FEEBFDD8" bold="true" box="[136,292,554,580]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FEEEFDD4FE72FDD8" box="[320,445,554,580]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF13FDB0FF0BFCF9" blockId="38.[136,1452,554,869]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF13FDB0FEE9FDF4" bold="true" box="[189,294,590,616]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Notes:—</emphasis>
This proliferous species was described from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FCB1FDB0FC55FDF4" box="[799,922,590,616]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
in 1923 by Ames and reported by
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF818532FA8AFDB1FA64FDF4" author="Luer, C. A." box="[1316,1451,590,617]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
to occur also in
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FEECFD8DFE54FD11" box="[322,411,627,653]" name="Panama" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Panama</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FE7AFD8CFDFBFD10" box="[468,564,626,652]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. However, as discussed by
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF818532FCC0FD8CFAD8FD10" author="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P." box="[878,1303,626,653]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref31437" refString="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P. (2020) Revision of the Costa Rican species of Myoxanthus (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae). Phytotaxa 448: 1 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 448.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans (2020)</bibRefCitation>
, the material from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FF67FD69FEEDFD2D" box="[201,290,663,689]" name="Panama" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Panama</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FEF0FD68FE74FD2C" box="[350,443,662,688]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
belongs to different species. The Ecuadorian plants are likely to be
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FB77FD69FABBFD2C" authorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1241,1396,662,688]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennellius">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FB77FD69FABBFD2C" box="[1241,1396,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. pennellius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FF26FD45FEDBFD48" box="[136,276,698,724]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="penellius">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF26FD45FEDBFD48" box="[136,276,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. penellius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
notes), whereas those cited for
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FDD1FD45FD17FD49" box="[639,728,699,725]" name="Panama" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Panama</collectingCountry>
are
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FCA5FD45FC60FD48" authorityName="Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2021" box="[779,943,699,724]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FCA5FD45FC60FD48" box="[779,943,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. panamense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FC11FD44FB78FD48" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[959,1207,698,724]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FC11FD44FB78FD48" box="[959,1207,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Myoxanthus scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FA23FD45FF34FD64" authorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennellius">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FA23FD45FF34FD64" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. pennellius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the former is recognized by its sepals with an acute apex
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FC16FD21FC00FD64" box="[952,975,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">vs</emphasis>
. obtuse to round, wider petals basally that conspicuously contract into a thickened narrow apex
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FD4CFCFDFCCEFC80" box="[738,769,771,796]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">vs.</emphasis>
narrowly ovate petals, slightly contracted above the middle, a lip with two longitudinal lamellae above the middle
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FD47FCD9FCCFFCDC" box="[745,768,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">vs</emphasis>
. lip with two longitudinal lamellae from the base to near the apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

143
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<heading id="DD60F037FF828531FF26FA74FC7DFA38" box="[136,946,1418,1445]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF26FA74FF64FA38" bold="true" box="[136,171,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">43.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FF6AFA74FCFEFA39" ID-CoL="456KS" authority="Fraga &amp; Kollmann (2003: 49 - 51)" authorityName="Fraga &amp; Kollmann" authorityPageNumber="49 - 51" authorityYear="2003" box="[196,817,1418,1445]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ruschii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF6AFA74FE62FA39" bold="true" box="[196,429,1418,1445]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Myoxanthus ruschii</emphasis>
Fraga &amp; Kollmann (2003: 49‒51)
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 18A)
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:—
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.
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:
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,
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,
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,
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,
<date id="F229619BFF828531FB36FA28FADFFA77" box="[1176,1296,1494,1516]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" value="2001-06-16">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF828531FB36FA28FADFFA77" box="[1176,1296,1494,1516]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" value="2001-06-16">16 Jun 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl),
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FAEAFA28FA64FA77" box="[1348,1451,1494,1515]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Fraga 780</emphasis>
(
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:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF828531FE88FA04FEB8F993" box="[294,375,1530,1551]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" name="Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">MBML</collectionCode>
!; isotype:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF828531FE78FA04FE35F993" box="[470,506,1530,1551]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF828531FF26F9C0FA86F974" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF828531FF26F9C0FDECF9C4" blockId="37.[136,1451,1598,1769]" box="[136,547,1598,1624]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF26F9C0FEEBF9C4" bold="true" box="[136,292,1598,1624]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Distribution:</emphasis>
—Southeastern
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF828531FE79F9C0FDD0F9C4" box="[471,543,1598,1624]" name="Brazil" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF828531FF13F99CFA86F974" blockId="37.[136,1451,1598,1769]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF13F99CFEE9F9E0" bold="true" box="[189,294,1634,1660]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Notes:—</emphasis>
Like
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FECCF99DFDF4F9E0" authorityName="Frey &amp; Sanson" authorityYear="2006" box="[354,571,1635,1660]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conceicionensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FECCF99DFDF4F9E0" box="[354,571,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. conceicionensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FDE5F99DFCDFF9E0" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[587,784,1634,1660]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FDE5F99DFCDFF9E0" box="[587,784,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. lonchophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FCE5F99DFC2FF9E0" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[843,992,1635,1660]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FCE5F99DFC2FF9E0" box="[843,992,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this species is endemic to southeastern
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF828531FF26F978FF03F93C" box="[136,204,1670,1696]" name="Brazil" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and has a dark red to purple-spotted perianth, lip base with a small auricle on both sides and margins revolute to the apex and the characteristic fimbriate anther cap. However,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FCDEF955FC2AF958" authorityName="Fraga &amp; Kollmann" authorityYear="2003" box="[880,997,1706,1732]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ruschii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FCDEF955FC2AF958" box="[880,997,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. ruschii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily recognized among these by its elliptic to ovate petals
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FE28F931FE52F974" box="[390,413,1743,1768]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">vs</emphasis>
. ovate at the base then narrow with revolute margins forming rounded linear petals.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

157
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<mods:title id="22C9937DB274AB2DE5549BFDD5A2EF1A">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="754D5130D917EE44B1910C0CE8068B29">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFF828531FF26F8E8FC40F8AC" blockId="37.[136,911,1814,1841]" box="[136,911,1814,1841]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">
<heading id="DD60F037FF828531FF26F8E8FC40F8AC" box="[136,911,1814,1841]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF26F8E8FF64F8AC" bold="true" box="[136,171,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">44.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FF6AF8E8FCDFF8AC" ID-CoL="456KT" authority="(Luer) Luer (1982 a: 49)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[196,784,1814,1841]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sarcodactylae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF6AF8E8FE36F8AD" bold="true" box="[196,505,1814,1841]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Myoxanthus sarcodactylae</emphasis>
(Luer)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF828531FDE1F8E9FCDFF8AC" author="Luer, C. A." box="[591,784,1814,1841]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 49)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 18B)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF828531FF26F89CFD75F8E4" box="[136,698,1890,1912]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF828531FF26F89CFD75F8E4" blockId="37.[136,1451,1890,1984]" box="[136,698,1890,1912]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">
Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF58F89CFE30F8EB" box="[246,511,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Pleurothallis sarcodactylae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF828531FDAAF89CFD79F8E4" author="Luer, C. A." box="[516,694,1890,1912]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" pagination="410 - 425" refId="ref29221" refString="Luer, C. A. (1976 a) Icones pleurothallidinarum (Orchidaceae). Pleurothallis of Ecuador - IV. Selbyana 1: 410 - 425." type="journal article" year="1976">Luer (1976a: 422)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFF828531FF26F878FEF8F85C" blockId="37.[136,1451,1890,1984]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF828531FF26F878FAA3F800" box="[136,1388,1926,1948]" collectingDate="1975-07-26" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="Luer &amp; Wilhelm" country="Ecuador" elevation="600" location="Tena" municipality="Km" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF828531FF26F878FF09F807" box="[136,198,1926,1947]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF828531FF4CF878FE95F807" box="[226,346,1926,1947]" name="Ecuador" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF828531FECAF878FE53F807" box="[356,412,1926,1947]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Napo</collectingRegion>
: epiphytic in forest 15
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF828531FDD0F878FD6DF807" box="[638,674,1926,1947]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Km</collectingMunicipality>
west of
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,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF828531FC9AF878FCBBF807" box="[820,884,1926,1948]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" unit="m" value="600.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF828531FC9AF878FCBBF807" box="[820,884,1926,1948]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="F229619BFF828531FCD1F878FC3BF800" box="[895,1012,1926,1948]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" value="1975-07-26">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF828531FCD1F878FC3BF800" box="[895,1012,1926,1948]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" value="1975-07-26">26 Jul 1975</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FBAEF878FACEF807" box="[1024,1281,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF828531FBAEF878FBE2F807" box="[1024,1069,1926,1947]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Luer</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF828531FB96F878FBAAF807" box="[1080,1125,1926,1947]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Luer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF828531FB28F878FB1AF807" box="[1158,1237,1926,1947]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Wilhelm</collectorName>
621
</emphasis>
(
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:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF828531FADCF878FA6BF807" box="[1394,1444,1926,1947]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" name="Marie Selby Botanical Gardens" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">SEL</collectionCode>
!; isotype:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF828531FEA1F854FEE9F85C" box="[271,294,1962,1984]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF828532FF26F810FECBFED4" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF828531FF26F810FE6CF794" blockId="37.[136,419,2030,2056]" box="[136,419,2030,2056]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF26F810FEEBF794" bold="true" box="[136,292,2030,2056]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF828531FEEEF810FE50F794" box="[320,415,2030,2056]" name="Ecuador" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF818532FF13FF60FECBFED4" blockId="38.[136,1452,158,328]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FF13FF60FEE9FF24" bold="true" box="[189,294,158,184]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Notes:—</emphasis>
According to
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF818532FE6CFF61FD83FF24" author="Luer, C. A." box="[450,588,158,185]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
, this uncommon species endemic to central
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF818532FBEDFF60FB6FFF24" box="[1091,1184,158,184]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FA23FF61FEE8FF40" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octomerioides">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FA23FF61FEE8FF40" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. octomerioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, its yellowish flowers are morphologically similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF818532FBEBFF3DFB18FF40" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="A. Rich. &amp; Galeotti" box="[1093,1239,195,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congestus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FBEBFF3DFB18FF40" box="[1093,1239,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. congestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF818532FAA2FF3DFA6AFF40" box="[1292,1445,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">M. pulvinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species is recognized by its abaxially slightly pubescent yellowish flowers and petals with the margins above the middle thicker, forming a sulcus at the abaxial surface, a feature shown in the illustration of the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF818532FB07FEF5FB16FEB9" box="[1193,1241,267,293]" pageId="38" pageNumber="249">type</typeStatus>
and the photo here (Fig. 18B).
</paragraph>
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157
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<mods:title id="03153E8DC362D0454F64E80CEB012B2F">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<heading id="DD60F037FF838530FF26FBB8FC69FBFC" box="[136,934,1094,1121]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF26FBB8FF64FBFC" bold="true" box="[136,171,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">40.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF6AFBB8FE1AFBFD" bold="true" box="[196,469,1094,1121]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Myoxanthus pulvinatus</emphasis>
(Barb.Rodr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FDDFFBB9FCE9FBFC" author="Luer, C. A." box="[625,806,1094,1121]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer (1992: 72)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 17G)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26FB6CFD27FB3B" blockId="36.[136,1452,1170,1372]" box="[136,744,1170,1192]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF58FB6CFE75FB3B" box="[246,442,1170,1191]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Anathallis pulvinata</emphasis>
Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 77)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26FB48FC53FB50" blockId="36.[136,1452,1170,1372]" box="[136,924,1206,1228]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
Homotypic synonym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FEF1FB48FDF3FB57" box="[351,572,1206,1227]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Pleurothallis pulvinata</emphasis>
(Barb.Rodr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FD6FFB48FC57FB50" author="Cogniaux, A." box="[705,920,1206,1228]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" refId="ref27981" refString="Cogniaux, A. (1896) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C. F. P., Eichler, A. G. &amp; Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 3. Regia, Munich, 672 pp." type="book" year="1896">Cogniaux (1896: 563)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF838530FF26FB24FF08FB73" box="[136,199,1242,1263]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FF4DFB24FEF2FB73" box="[227,317,1242,1263]" name="Brazil" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. Minaes Geraes: Serra das Bicas,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FD39FB24FC4FFB73" box="[663,896,1242,1263]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Barbosa Rodrigues s.n.</emphasis>
(
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: lost,
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, here designated, tab. 144, in Iconogr. Orchid. Bresil, vol. 3, at the Library of
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Botanical Garden, cited as tab. 803 [unpublished] in Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 77); copied and reproduced in black and white in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FC93FADCFC1BFAA4" author="Cogniaux, A." box="[829,980,1314,1336]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" refId="ref27981" refString="Cogniaux, A. (1896) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C. F. P., Eichler, A. G. &amp; Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 3. Regia, Munich, 672 pp." type="book" year="1896">Cogniaux 1896</bibRefCitation>
: tab. 91, fig. III; reproduced in colour in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FAFDFADCFEE2FAC0" author="Sprunger, S. &amp; Cribb, P. &amp; Toscano de Brito, A." pageId="36" pageNumber="247" refId="ref31860" refString="Sprunger, S., Cribb, P. &amp; Toscano de Brito, A. (1996) Joao Barbosa Rodrigues Iconographie des Orchidees du Bresil. Reinhardt, Basel." type="book" year="1996">
Sprunger
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF13FAB8FF27FAC7" box="[189,232,1350,1371]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">et al</emphasis>
. (1996
</bibRefCitation>
, vol. 1: 202).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF838530FF26FA74FBB9F9E0" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26FA74FE3AFA39" blockId="36.[136,1452,1418,1661]" box="[136,501,1418,1445]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF26FA74FEEBFA38" bold="true" box="[136,292,1418,1444]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FEEFFA74FE4AFA38" box="[321,389,1418,1444]" name="Brazil" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FE14FA75FE3EFA39" box="[442,497,1419,1445]" name="Peru" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF13FA50FBB9F9E0" blockId="36.[136,1452,1418,1661]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF13FA50FEE9FA54" bold="true" box="[189,294,1454,1480]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species had been previously known only from southeastern
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FBA1FA50FB99FA54" box="[1039,1110,1454,1480]" name="Brazil" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, but this species was recently documented from Tingo María National Park,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FD3FFA2DFD0BFA71" box="[657,708,1491,1517]" name="Peru" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Peru</collectingCountry>
(Ocupa
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FC8AFA2DFC92FA70" box="[804,861,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">et al.</emphasis>
2017). Unfortunately, no herbarium specimens were prepared. The habit and flower of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FDBBFA09FD7EF98C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1992" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[533,689,1526,1552]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulvinatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FDBBFA09FD7EF98C" box="[533,689,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. pulvinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FCE2FA09FC2DF98C" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="A. Rich. &amp; Galeotti" box="[844,994,1527,1552]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congestus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FCE2FA09FC2DF98C" box="[844,994,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. congestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but mainly distinguished by its column apex frequently bidentate on both sides and generally apiculate lip
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FC3FF9E5FC67F9A8" box="[913,936,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">vs</emphasis>
. with an acute tooth on both sides and apex acute to obtuse. Since the illustration cited by Barbosa Rodrigues in the original publication of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FB07F9C1FAFDF9C4" authorityName="Cogniaux" authorityYear="1896" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[1193,1330,1598,1625]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulvinata">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FB07F9C1FAFDF9C4" box="[1193,1330,1598,1625]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">A. pulvinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only remaining original material associated with this species, it is designated here as
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF838530FBA9F99CFBBEF9E0" box="[1031,1137,1634,1660]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF26FD8CFF64FD10" bold="true" box="[136,171,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">39.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF6AFD8CFE7CFD10" bold="true" box="[196,435,626,653]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Myoxanthus priapus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FE14FD8DFD46FD11" author="Luer, C. A." box="[442,649,626,653]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" pagination="379 - 390" refId="ref29528" refString="Luer, C. A. (1983 a) Miscellaneous new species in the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). Phytologia 54: 379 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14426" type="journal article" year="1983">Luer (1983a: 386)</bibRefCitation>
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. (Fig. 17F)
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: epiphytic in cloud forest east of
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Altos
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF26FCD8FEEBFCDC" bold="true" box="[136,292,806,832]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF13FCB4FEE9FCF8" bold="true" box="[189,294,842,868]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Notes:—</emphasis>
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is similar to
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FD17FCB5FC9BFCF8" box="[697,852,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. ortizianus</emphasis>
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with which it shares the purple-yellowish flowers covered abaxially by short trichomes with the lateral sepals forming a suborbicular synsepal and petals yellowish purple stripped, obovate to oblong basally, then contracted and lip with a thick erect callus near the base. It can be distinguished by the basal half of the petals oblong to obovate then narrow
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FC72FC49FC3CFC4C" box="[988,1011,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">vs</emphasis>
. apex of the petals narrower forming a slender tail and an oblong lip with small acute lateral lobes near the middle
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FC60FC25FC2AFC68" box="[974,997,987,1012]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">vs</emphasis>
. lip weakly trilobed with rounded lateral lobes below the middle.
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF838530FF26F954FC72F958" box="[136,957,1706,1733]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26F954FC72F958" blockId="36.[136,957,1706,1733]" box="[136,957,1706,1733]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
<heading id="DD60F037FF838530FF26F954FC72F958" box="[136,957,1706,1733]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF26F954FF64F958" bold="true" box="[136,171,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">41.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FF6AF954FCE8F958" ID-CoL="456KQ" authority="(Barb. Rodr.) Luer (1982 a: 49)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[196,807,1706,1733]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF6AF954FE01F959" bold="true" box="[196,462,1706,1733]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Myoxanthus punctatus</emphasis>
(Barb.Rodr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FDC7F955FCE8F958" author="Luer, C. A." box="[617,807,1706,1733]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 49)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 17H–J)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF838530FF26F908FA67F8AC" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26F908FCDFF890" blockId="36.[136,1452,1782,2056]" box="[136,784,1782,1804]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FF58F908FCC3F890" ID-CoL="7TNYR" authority="Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 38)" authorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1882" box="[246,780,1782,1804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Chaetocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF58F908FE2EF897" box="[246,481,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Chaetocephala punctata</emphasis>
Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 38)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26F8E4FA67F8AC" blockId="36.[136,1452,1782,2056]" box="[136,1448,1818,1840]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
Homotypic synonyms:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FEC6F8E4FC9CF8AC" ID-CoL="8WD5V" authority="Cogniaux (1896: 590)" authorityName="Cogniaux" authorityPageNumber="590" authorityYear="1896" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[360,851,1818,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chaetocephala">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FEC6F8E4FDB8F8B3" box="[360,631,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Pleurothallis chaetocephala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FDD2F8E4FC9CF8AC" author="Cogniaux, A." box="[636,851,1818,1840]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" refId="ref27981" refString="Cogniaux, A. (1896) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C. F. P., Eichler, A. G. &amp; Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 3. Regia, Munich, 672 pp." type="book" year="1896">Cogniaux (1896: 590)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FCF2F8E4FBC0F8B3" box="[860,1039,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Dubois-reymondia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FBB8F8E4FA6AF8AC" ID-CoL="7TNYR" authority="(Barb. Rodr.) Brieger (1977: 43)" authorityName="Brieger" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1977" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[1046,1445,1818,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Chaetocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FBB8F8E4FBA5F8B3" box="[1046,1130,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">punctata</emphasis>
(Barb.Rodr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FB41F8E4FA6AF8AC" author="Brieger, F. G." box="[1263,1445,1818,1840]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref27611" refString="Brieger, F. G. (1977) O valor taxonomico do numero de polineas e de outros caracteres, com referencia especial as Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). Trabalhos do Congresso Nacional de Botanica 26: 33 - 46." type="journal article" year="1977">Brieger (1977: 43)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF838530FF26F8C0FA86F79B" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26F8C0FCAAF85C" blockId="36.[136,1452,1782,2056]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF838530FF26F8C0FEEAF823" collectionCode="TYPE, I" country="Brazil" elevation="670" location="river Parahybuna" municipality="Minas Geraes" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF838530FF26F8C0FF08F8CF" box="[136,199,1854,1875]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FF4DF8C0FEF2F8CF" box="[227,317,1854,1875]" name="Brazil" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF838530FEE6F8C0FE1DF8CF" box="[328,466,1854,1876]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Minas Geraes</collectingMunicipality>
: epiphytic in dry forest along the
<location id="83481180FF838530FC88F8C0FC00F8C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF838531FF26F954FC6EFDD8:83481180FF838530FC88F8C0FC00F8C8" box="[806,975,1854,1876]" country="Brazil" municipality="Minas Geraes" name="river Parahybuna" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">river Parahybuna</location>
,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF838530FC75F8C0FBD5F8CF" box="[987,1050,1854,1876]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" unit="m" value="670.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF838530FC75F8C0FBD5F8CF" box="[987,1050,1854,1876]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" unit="m" value="670.0">670 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FB86F8C0FAC0F8CF" box="[1064,1295,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Barbosa Rodrigues s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF838530FAB0F8C0FAB8F8C8" box="[1310,1399,1854,1876]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: lost;
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF838530FF13F89CFED8F8E4" box="[189,279,1890,1912]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, here designated, illustration tab. 131, in Iconogr. Orchid. Bresil, vol. 3, at the Library of
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF838530FBC3F89CFB38F8E4" box="[1133,1271,1890,1912]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
Botanical Garden, cited as tab. 802 (unpublished) in Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 38); copied and reproduced in black and white in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FB4EF878FAB0F800" author="Cogniaux, A." box="[1248,1407,1926,1948]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" refId="ref27981" refString="Cogniaux, A. (1896) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C. F. P., Eichler, A. G. &amp; Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 3. Regia, Munich, 672 pp." type="book" year="1896">Cogniaux (1896</bibRefCitation>
: tab. 117, fig.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF838530FEBDF854FED2F823" box="[275,285,1962,1983]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; reproduced in colour in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FDB8F854FD29F85C" author="Sprunger, S. &amp; Cribb, P. &amp; Toscano de Brito, A." box="[534,742,1962,1984]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" refId="ref31860" refString="Sprunger, S., Cribb, P. &amp; Toscano de Brito, A. (1996) Joao Barbosa Rodrigues Iconographie des Orchidees du Bresil. Reinhardt, Basel." type="book" year="1996">
Sprunger
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FDDAF854FD50F823" box="[628,671,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">et al</emphasis>
. (1996
</bibRefCitation>
: vol. 1: 189).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26F830FC7FF878" blockId="36.[136,1452,1782,2056]" box="[136,944,1998,2020]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FF26F830FE38F878" authority="Pabst (1975: 54)" authorityName="Pabst" authorityPageNumber="54" authorityYear="1975" box="[136,503,1998,2020]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seidelii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF26F830FE9FF87F" box="[136,336,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Pleurothallis seidelii</emphasis>
Pabst (1975: 54)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FDAEF830FC63F878" authority="(Pabst) Luer (1982: 51)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Pabst" box="[512,940,1998,2020]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seidelii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FDAEF830FD0EF87F" box="[512,705,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Myoxanthus seidelii</emphasis>
(Pabst) Luer (1982: 51)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26F80CFA86F79B" blockId="36.[136,1452,1782,2056]" box="[136,1353,2034,2056]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF838530FF26F80CFADBF794" box="[136,1300,2034,2056]" collectingDate="1973-06-19" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Brazil" location="Seidel" municipality="Marechal Floriano" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF838530FF26F80CFF08F79B" box="[136,199,2034,2055]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FF4DF80CFEF2F79B" box="[227,317,2034,2055]" name="Brazil" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF838530FEEBF80CFE1EF79B" box="[325,465,2034,2056]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
: near
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF838530FDA4F80CFD70F794" box="[522,703,2034,2056]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Marechal Floriano</collectingMunicipality>
, flowered in cultivation,
<date id="F229619BFF838530FC01F80CFBFEF79B" box="[943,1073,2034,2055]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" value="1973-06-19">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF838530FC01F80CFBFEF79B" box="[943,1073,2034,2055]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" value="1973-06-19">19 June 1973</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FB95F80CFB64F79B" box="[1083,1195,2034,2055]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
<location id="83481180FF838530FB95F80CFBB9F79B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF838531FF26F954FC6EFDD8:83481180FF838530FB95F80CFBB9F79B" box="[1083,1142,2034,2055]" country="Brazil" municipality="Marechal Floriano" name="Seidel" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Seidel</location>
1068
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF838530FB16F80CFADFF794" box="[1208,1296,2034,2056]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF838530FAB7F80CFAF4F79B" box="[1305,1339,2034,2055]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15564" name="Herbarium Bradeanum" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="Herbarium">HB</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF828531FF26FF60FC6EFDD8" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF828531FF26FF60FE43FF24" blockId="37.[136,1452,158,581]" box="[136,396,158,184]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF26FF60FEEBFF24" bold="true" box="[136,292,158,184]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF828531FEECFF60FE47FF24" box="[322,392,158,184]" name="Brazil" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF828531FF13FF3CFC6EFDD8" blockId="37.[136,1452,158,581]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF13FF3CFEE9FF40" bold="true" box="[189,294,194,220]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Notes:—</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF828531FE88FF3DFE63FF40" author="Luer, C. A." box="[294,428,194,221]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
reduced
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FDBAFF3DFD45FF40" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Pabst" box="[532,650,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seidelii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FDBAFF3DFD45FF40" box="[532,650,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. seidelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FCDDFF3DFBF9FF40" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[883,1078,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FCDDFF3DFBF9FF40" box="[883,1078,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. lonchophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, after an “examination of fresh flowers from near the type-locality”, he later considered the two taxa distinct on account of the sepals being “pubescent within and the lip is bulbous at the apex” (
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF828531FCA8FEF4FC4CFEB8" author="Luer, C. A." box="[774,899,266,292]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref29864" refString="Luer, C. A. (1997) Icones pleurothallidinarum XV. Systematics of Trichosalpinx. Addenda to Dracula, Masdevallia, Myoxanthus, and Scaphosepalum. Corrigenda to Lepanthes of Ecuador (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 64: 1 - 136." type="journal article" year="1997">Luer 1997</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FC34FEF4FBB1FEB8" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Pabst" box="[922,1150,266,292]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seidelii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FC34FEF4FBB1FEB8" box="[922,1150,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Myoxanthus seidelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is clearly associated with
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FF26FED1FE82FED4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[136,333,302,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FF26FED1FE82FED4" box="[136,333,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. lonchophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to its apically hispidulous-spiculate lip, prominently featured in the original description and illustration. Here,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FEE1FEADFE0CFEF0" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Pabst" box="[335,451,338,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="seidelii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FEE1FEADFE0CFEF0" box="[335,451,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. seidelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is nonetheless considered conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FC0EFEADFBFFFEF0" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[928,1072,339,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FC0EFEADFBFFFEF0" box="[928,1072,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
despite the apparent differences in the apical lobe of the lip. Even though the lip of fresh flowers of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FCE1FE89FC2FFE0C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[847,992,375,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FCE1FE89FC2FFE0C" box="[847,992,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">M. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seem glabrous, with age and dehydration they become verrucose and in extreme cases spiculate. Examination of the type illustrations of both species, the description and illustrations provided in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF828531FDFBFE41FD12FE44" author="Luer, C. A." box="[597,733,446,473]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref29864" refString="Luer, C. A. (1997) Icones pleurothallidinarum XV. Systematics of Trichosalpinx. Addenda to Dracula, Masdevallia, Myoxanthus, and Scaphosepalum. Corrigenda to Lepanthes of Ecuador (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 64: 1 - 136." type="journal article" year="1997">Luer (1997)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF828531FCB9FE40FB8DFE44" author="Chiron, G. R. &amp; Ximenes Bolsanello, R." box="[791,1090,446,472]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" pagination="172 - 197" refId="ref27877" refString="Chiron, G. R. &amp; Ximenes Bolsanello, R. (2009) Revision du genre Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae, Pleurothallidinae) au Bresil. Richardiana 9: 172 - 197." type="journal article" year="2009">Chiron &amp; Ximenes (2009)</bibRefCitation>
and other material attributed to these taxa show that one grades into the other. Other than the lip apex, we find no distinguishing features. As in the other species described by Barbosa Rodrigues for which the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF828531FCE6FDF8FC65FDBC" box="[840,938,518,544]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
has been lost, the illustration in his original publication of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF828531FE85FDD4FDF1FDD8" authorityName="Brieger" authorityYear="1977" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[299,574,554,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Chaetocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF828531FE85FDD4FDF1FDD8" box="[299,574,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="248">Chaetocephala punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here designated as
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF828531FC9DFDD4FC52FDD8" box="[819,925,554,580]" pageId="37" pageNumber="248" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

321
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26F87CFF64F800" bold="true" box="[136,171,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">38.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF6AF87CFE1BF801" bold="true" box="[196,468,1922,1949]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Myoxanthus pennellius</emphasis>
(Luer) Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans
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(Fig. 17E)
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Basionym:
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.
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:—
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.
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: epiphytic in felled trees about
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east of
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, ca.
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,
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(
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: SELspirit; illustration in
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as f. 183!)
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.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF858536FF26F89CFEC4F8EB" bold="true" box="[136,267,1890,1912]" pageId="34" pageNumber="245">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
Illustration of
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF858536FE32F89CFD4BF8E4" box="[412,644,1890,1912]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="245">Myoxanthus panamense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by C.A. Luer based on
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF858536FCC1F89DFBC4F8EB" box="[879,1035,1890,1912]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="245">Luer et al. 1018</emphasis>
(MO) as t. 34 in (
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF858536FB13F89CFAE8F8E4" author="Luer, C. A." box="[1213,1319,1890,1912]" pageId="34" pageNumber="245" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer 1992</bibRefCitation>
). Reproduced with the kind permission of the Missouri Botanical Garden.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF848537FF26F8ABFEC5F8F6" bold="true" box="[136,266,1877,1899]" pageId="35" pageNumber="246">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF848537FEBEF8ABFE4AF8F6" box="[272,389,1877,1898]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="246">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
species. A
</taxonomicName>
.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF848537FE54F8A8FD49F8F7" box="[506,646,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="246">M. panamense</emphasis>
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–
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. D.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF848537FB50F8A8FAA8F8F7" box="[1278,1383,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="246">M. priapus</emphasis>
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.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF848537FE87F884FE6AF813" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[297,421,1914,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF848537FE87F884FE6AF813" box="[297,421,1914,1935]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="246">M. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FE1FF884FE0CF813" box="[433,451,1914,1935]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FE7EF884FE2FF813" box="[464,480,1914,1935]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF848537FE46F884FDA8F812" box="[488,615,1913,1935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Duboisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reymondii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF848537FE46F884FDA8F812" box="[488,615,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="246">M. reymondii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photographs by:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FCBDF884FCEBF813" box="[787,804,1914,1935]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
. Nauheimer (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FC0AF884FC76F80C" box="[932,953,1914,1936]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FC67F884FC12F813" box="[969,989,1914,1935]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. Rojas-Alvarado (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FB25F884FB52F813" box="[1163,1181,1914,1935]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FB08F884FB76F80C" box="[1190,1209,1914,1936]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FB67F884FB16F813" box="[1225,1241,1914,1935]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. Moreno (D).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FAF0F884FABDF813" box="[1374,1394,1914,1935]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Hirtz (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FF3EF860FF6DF828" box="[144,162,1950,1972]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FF1CF860FF0CF82F" box="[178,195,1950,1971]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
. Dewèvre (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FE9EF860FE8FF828" box="[304,320,1950,1972]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FEFCF860FEA5F82F" box="[338,362,1950,1971]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Rosim (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FE6EF860FE1BF828" box="[448,468,1950,1972]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FE4BF860FE3EF82F" box="[485,497,1950,1971]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. Gastin (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FDE9F860FD93F828" box="[583,604,1950,1972]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FDC3F860FD4FF82F" box="[621,640,1950,1971]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="35" pageNumber="246">R</collectionCode>
. Stalder (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FD75F860FD2AF828" box="[731,741,1950,1972]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FD59F860FCC7F82F" box="[759,776,1950,1971]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FCBFF860FCD0F82F" box="[785,799,1950,1971]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
. Varella (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FCD4F860FC4AF828" box="[890,901,1950,1972]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FC36F860FC64F82F" box="[920,939,1950,1971]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="35" pageNumber="246">R</collectionCode>
. Parsons (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FBA2F860FBEEF828" box="[1036,1057,1950,1972]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FB9CF860FBF1F82F" box="[1074,1086,1950,1971]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. Riksen (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF848537FB39F860FB66F828" box="[1175,1193,1950,1972]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="35" pageNumber="246" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF838530FF26FF60FCA7FDD9" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF26FF60FD3AFF25" blockId="36.[136,1452,158,581]" box="[136,757,158,185]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF26FF60FEEBFF24" bold="true" box="[136,292,158,184]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FEEEFF60FE52FF24" box="[320,413,158,184]" name="Ecuador" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and perhaps
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FD9FFF61FDABFF25" box="[561,612,159,185]" name="Peru" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Peru</collectingCountry>
(see below).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF838530FF13FF3CFCA7FDD9" blockId="36.[136,1452,158,581]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FF13FF3CFEE9FF40" bold="true" box="[189,294,194,220]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FE88FF3CFDECFF40" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1976" box="[294,547,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennellia">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FE88FF3CFDECFF40" box="[294,547,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Pleurothallis pennellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF838530FCADFF3CFCAFFF40" box="[771,864,194,220]" name="Ecuador" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
on the basis of a specimen that flowered in cultivation at the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens (
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FDEBFF18FD00FE9D" author="Luer, C. A." box="[581,719,230,257]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" pagination="38 - 201" refId="ref29250" refString="Luer, C. A. (1976 b) Miscellaneous species of Pleurothallis. Selbyana 3: 38 - 201." type="journal article" year="1976">Luer 1976b</bibRefCitation>
). Luer compared it with
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FC44FF19FBB7FE9C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1002,1144,230,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FC44FF19FBB7FE9C" box="[1002,1144,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but described it as having a much less prolific plant. The plant that served as
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF838530FD66FEF5FD37FEB9" box="[712,760,267,293]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FCB1FEF5FC6BFEB8" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1976" box="[799,932,266,292]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennellia">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FCB1FEF5FC6BFEB8" box="[799,932,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">P. pennellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
eventually became prolific in cultivation, just like specimens of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FEF6FED1FE29FED4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[344,486,302,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FEF6FED1FE29FED4" box="[344,486,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, prompting
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FDDDFED1FD34FED4" author="Luer, C. A." box="[627,763,302,329]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
to place it under the synonymy of that species (
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FA8DFED0FA50FED4" author="Luer, C. A." box="[1315,1439,302,328]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer 1992</bibRefCitation>
). However, based on the original description and illustration of the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF838530FCDAFEADFC68FEF1" box="[884,935,339,365]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">type</typeStatus>
, even with the prolific habit,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FB59FEADFA5FFEF0" authorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1271,1424,338,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennellius">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FB59FEADFA5FFEF0" box="[1271,1424,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. pennellius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is still easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FE76FE89FDABFE0C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[472,612,374,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FE76FE89FDABFE0C" box="[472,612,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FCBDFE89FC50FE0C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[787,927,374,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FCBDFE89FC50FE0C" box="[787,927,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its sepals with an obtuse to rounded apex
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FA23FE89FA6BFE0C" box="[1421,1444,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">vs</emphasis>
. acute, narrowly ovate petals slightly contracted above the middle,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FCC6FE65FC49FE28" box="[872,902,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">vs.</emphasis>
wider basally then conspicuously contracted into a thickened apex and a lip with two longitudinal lamellae above the middle
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FC63FE41FC2BFE44" box="[973,996,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">vs</emphasis>
. with two longitudinal lamellae from the base to near the apex, a short clinandrium
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FDCEFE1DFDB1FE60" box="[608,638,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">vs.</emphasis>
long-hooded. None of the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FBEAFE1DFB1FFE60" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1092,1232,482,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FBEAFE1DFB1FFE60" box="[1092,1232,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
studied here shares any of these features. We agree with
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FD85FDF8FCD9FDBC" author="Pupulin, F. &amp; Bogarin, D. &amp; Fernandez, M." box="[555,790,518,544]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" pagination="467 - 473" refId="ref31029" refString="Pupulin, F., Bogarin, D. &amp; Fernandez, M. (2010) On the identity of Myoxanthus scandens (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae), with a new species from Costa Rica. Lankesteriana 9: 467 - 473." type="journal article" year="2010">
Pupulin
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FD24FDF9FD0CFDBC" box="[650,707,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">et al.</emphasis>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
that the photo of a Peruvian plant labelled
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FAAFFDF9FA41FDBC" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1281,1422,518,544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FAAFFDF9FA41FDBC" box="[1281,1422,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF838530FF26FDD4FE03FDD8" author="Zelenko, H. &amp; Bermudez, P." box="[136,460,554,580]" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" refId="ref32552" refString="Zelenko, H. &amp; Bermudez, P. (2008) Orchids: species of Peru. ZAI, Quito, 407 pp." type="book" year="2008">Zelenko &amp; Bermúdez (2008)</bibRefCitation>
fits the description of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF838530FD67FDD5FCAEFDD8" authorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[713,865,554,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="36" pageNumber="247" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennellius">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF838530FD67FDD5FCAEFDD8" box="[713,865,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="247">M. pennellius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="37C836461A535212643EACEB8D30294C">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B4F2BE775F91B5FA2B2E6CF05001B66">Rojas-Alvarado, Gustavo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D9858A8C8D8ADBB4BF000C5D2ED1F935">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; gustavo. rojasalvarado @ uc. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8918 - 0823</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F4A1A8185F472D5F9A65F16572C6390D">Blanco, Mario A.</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26FA08FF64F98C" bold="true" box="[136,171,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">37.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF6AFA08FE12F98D" bold="true" box="[196,477,1526,1553]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Myoxanthus parvilabius</emphasis>
(C.Schweinf.)
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. (Fig. 17D)
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF58F9BCFE12F9CB" box="[246,477,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Pleurothallis parvilabia</emphasis>
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.
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:—
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, Forestry Dept
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7316
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(
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!).
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26F930FEEBF974" bold="true" box="[136,292,1742,1768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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and
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.
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<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF13F90CFA86F8C8" blockId="33.[136,1451,1742,1877]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF13F90CFEE9F890" bold="true" box="[189,294,1778,1804]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Notes:—</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FE88F90CFDF9F890" box="[294,566,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Myoxanthus parvilabius</emphasis>
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is similar to
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FD65F90DFC8AF890" box="[715,837,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. xiphion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but easily distinguished by its caspitose, prolific habit
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26F8E9FF50F8AC" box="[136,159,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">vs</emphasis>
. caespitose not prolific and purplish flowers
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FD01F8E9FD09F8AC" box="[687,710,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">vs</emphasis>
. yellowish. This species is here reported for the first time from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FF26F8C4FF39F8C8" box="[136,246,1850,1876]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Colombia</collectingCountry>
based on a plant collected in
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(
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FD6DF8C5FBFFF8C8" box="[707,1072,1850,1877]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Gutiérrez Morales 64 &amp; Moreno</emphasis>
, JBB-18745!, Fig. 17D).
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<mods:url id="2B8B2DAC652DCDDFA45DD94950A420A3">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.507.3.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="382A90EB7CA2A08D7038D646DC7FD5A1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0876715BE5D4E2ACF54A215DD06299C1" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.507.3.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C5836AD7FEBE290592C36D24ED1E7523" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0E3EF64DFF868535FF26FD68FCFAFA54" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5484827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5484827" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF868535FF26FD68FCFAFA54" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E3EF64DFF868535FF26FD68FCFAFA54" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF868535FF26FD68FBC5FD2C" box="[136,1034,662,689]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF26FD68FBC5FD2C" blockId="33.[136,1034,662,689]" box="[136,1034,662,689]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<heading id="DD60F037FF868535FF26FD68FBC5FD2C" box="[136,1034,662,689]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26FD68FF64FD2C" bold="true" box="[136,171,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FF6AFD68FCBEFD2C" ID-CoL="7XDHK" authority="(Barb. Rodr.) Luer (1982 a: 47)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[196,881,662,689]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parahybunensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF6AFD68FDDBFD2D" bold="true" box="[196,532,662,689]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Myoxanthus parahybunensis</emphasis>
(Barb.Rodr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF868535FD01FD69FCBEFD2C" author="Luer, C. A." box="[687,881,662,689]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 47)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 17B,C)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF868535FF26FD1CFCEAFD64" box="[136,805,738,760]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF26FD1CFCEAFD64" blockId="33.[136,1453,738,1084]" box="[136,805,738,760]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FF58FD1CFCEEFD64" ID-CoL="7R77Y" authority="Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 76)" authorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1882" box="[246,801,738,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Anathallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parahybunensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF58FD1CFE38FD6B" box="[246,503,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Anathallis parahybunensis</emphasis>
Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 76)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF868535FF26FCF8FC2DFC68" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF26FCF8FC67FC14" blockId="33.[136,1453,738,1084]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF868535FF26FCF8FF08FC87" box="[136,199,774,795]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FF4DFCF8FEF2FC87" box="[227,317,774,795]" name="Brazil" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF868535FEE8FCF8FE05FC80" box="[326,458,774,796]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
: in trees along the River Parahybuna,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF868535FC99FCF8FCB8FC87" box="[823,887,774,796]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" unit="m" value="680.0">680 m</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FC2EFCF8FBACFC87" box="[896,1123,774,795]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Barbosa Rodrigues s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF868535FBC1FCF8FB07FC80" box="[1135,1224,774,796]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: lost,
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF868535FAAEFCF8FA97FC80" box="[1280,1368,774,796]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
selected in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF868535FF7BFCD4FDE3FCA3" author="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P." box="[213,556,810,832]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref31437" refString="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P. (2020) Revision of the Costa Rican species of Myoxanthus (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae). Phytotaxa 448: 1 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 448.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans 2020</bibRefCitation>
, tab. 150, in Iconogr. Orchid. Bresil, vol. 3, at the Library of
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF868535FBC0FCD4FB37FCDC" box="[1134,1272,810,832]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
Botanical Garden, cited as tab. 789 [(unpublished) in Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 76); copied and reproduced in black and white in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF868535FB4FFCB0FAB0FCF8" author="Cogniaux, A." box="[1249,1407,846,868]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" refId="ref27981" refString="Cogniaux, A. (1896) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C. F. P., Eichler, A. G. &amp; Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 3. Regia, Munich, 672 pp." type="book" year="1896">Cogniaux [1896</bibRefCitation>
: tab. 111, fig. II, 1896]; reproduced in colour in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF868535FDF4FC8CFCE7FC14" author="Sprunger, S. &amp; Cribb, P. &amp; Toscano de Brito, A." box="[602,808,882,904]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" refId="ref31860" refString="Sprunger, S., Cribb, P. &amp; Toscano de Brito, A. (1996) Joao Barbosa Rodrigues Iconographie des Orchidees du Bresil. Reinhardt, Basel." type="book" year="1996">
Sprunger
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FD19FC8CFD2DFC1B" box="[695,738,882,903]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">et al</emphasis>
. (1996
</bibRefCitation>
, vol. 1: 208).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF26FC68FC2DFC68" blockId="33.[136,1453,738,1084]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
Heterotypic synonoyms:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FED9FC68FCE0FC30" authority="Lindley (1843: 47)" authorityName="Lindley" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1843" box="[375,815,918,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FED9FC68FDBAFC37" box="[375,629,918,939]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Pleurothallis peduncularis</emphasis>
Lindley (1843: 47)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FC96FC68FC58FC37" box="[824,919,918,939]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">nom. illeg</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FC0FFC68FC1EFC37" box="[929,977,918,939]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">hom.</emphasis>
non Hook. 1841.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FBD7FC68FEE0FC4C" authority="Kuntze (1891: 668)" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityPageNumber="668" authorityYear="1891" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FBD7FC68FAAEFC37" box="[1145,1377,918,939]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Humboltia peduncularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF868535FAC8FC68FEE0FC4C" author="Kuntze, O." pageId="33" pageNumber="244" refId="ref28934" refString="Kuntze, O. (1891) Revisio generum plantarum, 2. Felix, Leipzig, 1011 pp." type="book" year="1891">Kuntze (1891: 668)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as “
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FEF5FC44FE01FC53" box="[347,462,954,975]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Humboldtia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FEF5FC44FE01FC53" box="[347,462,954,975]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Humboldtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”, replacement name.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FD32FC44FC08FC53" authority="Barros" authorityName="Barros" box="[668,967,954,975]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Specklinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FD32FC44FC4DFC53" box="[668,898,954,975]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Specklinia peduncularis</emphasis>
Barros
</taxonomicName>
(1983 [1984]: 110),
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FB25FC44FB3FFC53" box="[1163,1264,954,975]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">nom. illeg.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF868535FB5AFC44FAFCFC53" box="[1268,1331,954,975]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FAE1FC44FA66FC53" box="[1359,1449,954,975]" name="Brazil" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. Without locality, imported from
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF868535FE5BFC20FDB0FC68" box="[501,639,990,1012]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
by Messrs. Loddiges (
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF868535FCF7FC20FC7EFC68" box="[857,945,990,1012]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF868535FC15FC20FC1DFC68" box="[955,978,990,1012]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF868535FF26FBFCFD9EFB84" box="[136,593,1026,1048]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF26FBFCFD9EFB84" blockId="33.[136,1453,738,1084]" box="[136,593,1026,1048]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FF26FBFCFD82FB84" ID-CoL="7XZLP" authority="Schlechter (1915: 130)" authorityName="Schlechter" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1915" box="[136,589,1026,1048]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macropus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26FBFCFEA6FB8B" box="[136,361,1026,1047]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Pleurothallis macropus</emphasis>
Schlechter (1915: 130)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF868535FF26FBD8FA44FBA0" box="[136,1419,1061,1084]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF26FBD8FA44FBA0" blockId="33.[136,1453,738,1084]" box="[136,1419,1061,1084]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF868535FF26FBD8FB12FBA0" box="[136,1245,1061,1084]" collectingDate="1886-06" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Ecuador" county="Sodiro" location="San Nicolas" municipality="Rio Pilaton" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF868535FF26FBD8FF09FBA7" box="[136,198,1062,1083]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FF4CFBD8FE95FBA7" box="[226,346,1062,1083]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="83481180FF868535FECDFBD8FE15FBA0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF868535FF26FD68FCFAFA54:83481180FF868535FECDFBD8FE15FBA0" box="[355,474,1062,1084]" country="Ecuador" county="Sodiro" municipality="Rio Pilaton" name="San Nicolas" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">San Nicolas</location>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF868535FE4DFBD8FD9EFBA0" box="[483,593,1062,1084]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Río Pilaton</collectingMunicipality>
, flowered in
<date id="F229619BFF868535FD61FBD8FCFCFBA0" box="[719,819,1062,1084]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" value="1886-06">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF868535FD61FBD8FCFCFBA0" box="[719,819,1062,1084]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" value="1886-06">June 1886</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FC93FBD8FC55FBA7" box="[829,922,1062,1083]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<collectingCounty id="6F493FD7FF868535FC93FBD8FCB3FBA7" box="[829,892,1062,1083]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Sodiro</collectingCounty>
30
</emphasis>
[actually Luis Sodiro] (
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FF868535FB2EFBD8FB16FBA0" box="[1152,1241,1062,1084]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF868535FB4CFBD8FAC6FBA7" box="[1250,1289,1062,1083]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">BR</collectionCode>
!; isotype,
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF868535FAC6FBD8FAB4FBA0" box="[1384,1403,1062,1084]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF868535FF26FB94FCFAFA54" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF26FB94FC2AFB18" blockId="33.[136,1452,1130,1481]" box="[136,997,1130,1157]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26FB94FE8FFB18" bold="true" box="[136,320,1130,1156]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Distribution:—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FEEEFB94FE73FB18" box="[320,444,1130,1156]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FE69FB94FDF2FB18" box="[455,573,1130,1156]" name="Venezuela" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FDE6FB94FD76FB18" box="[584,697,1130,1156]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FD6BFB94FCEBFB18" box="[709,804,1130,1156]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FC81FB95FCADFB19" box="[815,866,1131,1157]" name="Peru" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF868535FC37FB94FC2EFB18" box="[921,993,1130,1156]" name="Brazil" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF13FB70FAD8FA89" blockId="33.[136,1452,1130,1481]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF13FB70FEE9FB34" bold="true" box="[189,294,1166,1192]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FE88FB70FDA5FB34" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[294,618,1166,1192]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parahybunensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FE88FB70FDA5FB34" box="[294,618,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Myoxanthus parahybunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the oldest available name for the taxon commonly referred to as
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FA23FB71FEC1FB50" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Lindley" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exasperatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FA23FB71FEC1FB50" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. exasperatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a name that has been misapplied (
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF868535FD1DFB4CFB9CFB50" author="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P." box="[691,1107,1202,1229]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref31437" refString="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P. (2020) Revision of the Costa Rican species of Myoxanthus (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae). Phytotaxa 448: 1 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 448.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans 2020</bibRefCitation>
, see
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FB3CFB4CFA63FB50" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Lindley" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1170,1452,1202,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exasperatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FB3CFB4CFA63FB50" box="[1170,1452,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Myoxanthus exasperatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
discussion). Since
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FEF5FB28FD1DFB6C" authority="Lindl." authorityName="Lindley" authorityYear="1843" box="[347,722,1238,1264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FEF5FB28FD49FB6C" box="[347,646,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Pleurothallis peduncularis</emphasis>
Lindl.
</taxonomicName>
is illegitimate (according to Art. 58.1, Ex. 1 of the
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FAB6FB28FE4AFA88" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">International Code of Nomenclature</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF868535FE3CFB04FDA3FA88" author="Turland, N. J. &amp; Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Barrie, F. R. &amp; Greuter, W. &amp; Hawksworth, D. L. &amp; Herendeen, P. S. &amp; Knapp, S. &amp; Kusber, W. H. &amp; Li, D. Z. &amp; Marhold, K. &amp; May, T. W. &amp; McNeill, J. &amp; Monro, A. M. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Price, M. J. &amp; Smith, G. F." box="[402,620,1274,1300]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" pagination="159" refId="ref32231" refString="Turland, N. J., Wiersema, J. H., Barrie, F. R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W. H., Li, D. Z., Marhold, K., May, T. W., McNeill, J., Monro, A. M., Prado, J., Price, M. J. &amp; Smith, G. F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum vegetabile 159. Koeltz, Glashutten. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / Code. 2018" type="journal article" year="2018">
Turland
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FE5FFB05FDE6FA88" box="[497,553,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
), the name must be cited as
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FC08FB04FAD8FA89" authority="Kuntze." authorityName="Kuntze." box="[934,1303,1274,1301]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FC08FB04FB78FA88" box="[934,1207,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Humboltia peduncularis</emphasis>
Kuntze.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF26FAE0FCFAFA54" blockId="33.[136,1452,1130,1481]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FF26FAE0FE03FAA4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[136,460,1310,1336]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parahybunensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26FAE0FE03FAA4" box="[136,460,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Myoxanthus parahybunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is recognized by its caespitose habit, ramicauls with few trichomes covering only the basal sheath of the ramicaul, other ramicaul sheaths smooth without trichomes or scars, flowers yellowish and whitish with sepals and petals narrowly elongate, the column not toothed but with purple wings and lip subpandurate with purple margins.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FEE8FA74FD44FA38" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[326,651,1418,1444]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parahybunensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FEE8FA74FD44FA38" box="[326,651,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Myoxanthus parahybunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FC80FA75FC5EFA38" box="[814,913,1418,1444]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neilli">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FC80FA75FC5EFA38" box="[814,913,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. neilli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but distinguished by flowers up to
<quantity id="416FEABEFF868535FA96FA74FA44FA39" box="[1336,1419,1418,1445]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
in diameter
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF5FFA51FEC7FA54" box="[241,264,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">vs</emphasis>
.
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and purple margins of the lip
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FD07FA51FD0FFA54" box="[681,704,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">vs</emphasis>
. greenish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

526
data/0E/3E/F6/0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,526 @@
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<mods:title id="9A7C8DB71B53529020E8763B699087A1">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="11852B5C5C6FC9CBA7C5A86FECDE9A2E">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FF26FE64FF63FE28" bold="true" box="[136,172,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">35.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF878534FF6AFE64FCF6FE29" authority="Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityName="Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2021" box="[196,825,410,437]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FF6AFE64FE10FE29" bold="true" box="[196,479,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Myoxanthus panamense</emphasis>
Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans
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,
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</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1EAC5BDEFF878534FC6EFE64FBDEFE29" box="[960,1041,410,437]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[136,229,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[226,1368,237,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-24@34.[151,1435,190,1866]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16. Illustration of Myoxanthus panamense by C.A. Luer based on Luer et al. 1018 (MO) as t. 34 in (Luer 1992). Reproduced with the kind permission of the Missouri Botanical Garden." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5425758" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5425758/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="8628475BFF878534FF26FE18FD5DFDBC" blockId="32.[136,1451,486,688]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FF26FE18FB9DFE67" box="[136,1106,486,508]" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="El Llano-Carti" country="Panama" elevation="300" location="PANAMA" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FF26FE18FF07FE67" box="[136,200,486,507]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF878534FF4DFE18FE83FE67" box="[227,332,486,507]" name="Panama" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
. Epiphytic along the
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF878534FDB4FE18FD69FE60" box="[538,678,486,508]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">El Llano-Carti</collectorName>
road,
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, flowers greenish, cultivated at
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<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FBF7FE18FEEEFDBC" collectingDate="1976-03-04" collectionCode="SEL" country="Panama" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FBF7FE18FB49FE67" box="[1113,1158,486,507]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" name="Marie Selby Botanical Gardens" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="Herbarium">SEL</collectionCode>
,
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<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF878534FB3FFE18FACAFE60" box="[1169,1285,486,508]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="1976-03-04">4 Mar 1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FAA1FE18FA64FE67" box="[1295,1451,486,507]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Luer et al. 1018</emphasis>
(
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:
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FE88FDF4FE9CFD83" box="[294,339,522,543]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
!, illustration in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFF878534FE49FDF4FD84FD83" author="Luer, C. A." box="[487,587,522,543]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">
Luer
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t. 34!).
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<paragraph id="8628475BFF878534FF26FDD0FE8BFD33" blockId="32.[136,1451,486,688]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
Similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF878534FF40FDD0FEA8FDDF" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[238,359,558,579]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FF40FDD0FEA8FDDF" box="[238,359,558,579]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but with greenish translucent sepals and petals
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FC9DFDD0FC81FDDF" box="[819,846,558,579]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">vs.</emphasis>
sepals dark purple and petals stripped with purple, the column sometimes suffused with purple
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FE55FDACFDD9FDFB" box="[507,534,594,615]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">vs.</emphasis>
greenish; lip scarcely trilobed with a short bilobed convergent basal callus and a longitudinal pair of low rounded calli near the base extending to nearly the apex
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FCF2FD88FCBFFD17" box="[860,880,630,651]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">vs</emphasis>
. lip with a longitudinal pair of conspicuous lamellar keels near the apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF878534FF26FD20FC53FA70" blockId="32.[136,1452,734,2093]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
Epiphytic, caespitose, proliferous herbs, up to
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long. Roots fibrous,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FC77FD20FBD3FD65" box="[985,1052,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
in diameter, branching. Ramicauls cylindrical, flexible,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FEDDFCFCFE7BFC81" box="[371,436,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
in diameter, up to
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FD27FCFCFD00FC81" box="[649,719,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="cm" value="25.0">25 cm</quantity>
long, with up to 12 internodes, the basal ones shorter, producing up to 6 prolific stems at the apex enclosed by tubular, hispidulous sheaths. Sheaths acute, rusty coloured when young, covered by trichomes, imbricate, overlapping up to
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FD6FFCB4FCCFFCF9" box="[705,768,842,869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
the next internode, the uppermost generally covering the base of the leaves up to
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FEF0FC90FE60FC15" box="[350,431,878,905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
. Leaves narrowly ovate to linear, conduplicate, acute, 3.0–11.0 ×
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FB3FFC90FADEFC15" box="[1169,1297,878,905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="cm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 cm</quantity>
, subpetiolate, narrowly cuneate basally, minutely tridentate, abscission layer evident. Inflorescence with a reduced peduncle, enclosed during early development by a
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long spathe that frequently disintegrates when old, producing single-flowered coflorescences in succession. Pseudopeduncle
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FD39FC24FD3AFC69" box="[663,757,986,1013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
long, whitish with minute trichomes, subtended by a 1.0–
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long bract with trichomes to the apex. Floral bract 2.0–
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FCEEFC00FC57FB85" box="[832,920,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
long, covered with minute trichomes. Pedicel 2.0–
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FF14FBDCFEDFFBA1" box="[186,272,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
long, with a 1.0 mm long filament emerging at the apex. Ovary cylindrical, 1.5‒2.0 mm long, greenish, cellular glandular. Sepals and petals greenish, sometimes with purple spots. Dorsal sepal greenish translucent, ovate, acute 3.0‒4.5 ×
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FE94FB94FE5EFB19" box="[314,401,1130,1157]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, 5-veined. Lateral sepals ovate, acute, 3.0‒3.5 × 1.5–2.0 mm, oblique, 4-veined, connate at the base forming a mentum, sometimes with minute trichomes. Petals wider in their basal half, then gradually contracted into a thickened apex with serrulate margins, 3.0–
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FD6FFB4CFCD8FB51" box="[705,791,1202,1229]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
long, 2.0 mm wide basally, triveined. Lip oblong, weakly trilobed, 1.5–2.0 × 1.0 mm, suffused with deep purple and yellowish in the middle, hinged to the column foot, apex retuse; lateral lobes erect near the middle, obtusely angled; the base subtruncate with an auricle on each side and a short bilobed convergent callus, the disc with a longitudinal pair of parallel, rounded calli extending from the near the base to near the apex, elevated in the middle. Column semiterete, sometimes suffused with purple,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FBDBFABCFB7BFAC1" box="[1141,1204,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long, winged, slightly arched, with an acicular to narrowly acute tooth on each side of the stigma, the clinandrium shortly irregular, dorsally elongate; the anther incumbent, the stigma ventral, column foot
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FCF3FA74FC51FA39" box="[861,926,1418,1445]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long. Anther cap
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FBC7FA74FB70FA39" box="[1129,1215,1418,1445]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
wide, greenish, with purple at the apex. Pollinia two, yellow, obovoid, laterally flattened,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FC30FA50FC39FA55" box="[926,1014,1454,1481]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
wide, with a pair of small, flat, white caudicles. Fruits capsular, ellipsoid, 7 ×
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FDE5FA2CFD41FA71" box="[587,654,1490,1517]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
, dry perianth persistent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF878534FF13FA08FC85F98C" box="[189,842,1526,1553]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF878534FF13FA08FC85F98C" blockId="32.[136,1452,734,2093]" box="[189,842,1526,1553]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FF13FA08FEABF98C" bold="true" box="[189,356,1526,1552]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Etymology:—</emphasis>
Referring to the provenance of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FF878535FF13F9E4FA84FDF4" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFF878534FF13F9E4FE1AF9A9" blockId="32.[136,1452,734,2093]" box="[189,469,1562,1589]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FF13F9E4FEBAF9A8" bold="true" box="[189,373,1562,1588]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Distribution:—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF878534FEDBF9E5FE1EF9A9" box="[373,465,1563,1589]" name="Panama" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF878534FF13F9C0FD6DF9E0" blockId="32.[136,1452,734,2093]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FF13F9C0FE1DF9C4" bold="true" box="[189,466,1598,1624]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Habitat and ecology:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FE7CF9C0FD51F9E0" elevation="325" location="It" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro">
Found from
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FDF0F9C0FD1DF9C5" box="[606,722,1598,1625]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="325.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="50.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF878534FDF0F9C0FD1DF9C5" box="[606,722,1598,1625]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="325.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="50.0">50–600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
<location id="83481180FF878534FD72F9C1FD22F9C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FD72F9C1FD22F9C5" box="[732,749,1599,1625]" name="It" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro">It</location>
has been collected from
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF878534FBABF9C1FB62F9C5" box="[1029,1197,1598,1625]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
to the west of
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF878534FAFDF9C1FF23F9E0" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Panama Province</collectingRegion>
and recorded flowering all year round
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF878535FF13F978FEBFFEB8" blockId="32.[136,1452,734,2093]" lastBlockId="33.[136,1452,158,617]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FF13F978FDFBF93C" bold="true" box="[189,564,1670,1696]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Additional material examined:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FDFEF978FBE1F974" collectingDate="2007-10-21" collectionCode="PMA, A" collectorName="Laube &amp; Fig." country="Panama" elevation="550" location="Charco La Pava" municipality="Boca Chica creek" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCode="SL 545" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro">
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFF878534FDFEF978FD05F93C" box="[592,714,1670,1696]" name="Panama" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF878534FD76F979FC43F93D" box="[728,908,1670,1697]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
: hill slope at
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF878534FB81F979FB30F93C" box="[1071,1279,1670,1697]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Boca Chica creek</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FAA3F978FA91F93C" box="[1293,1374,1670,1697]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="km" value="5.8">5.8 km</quantity>
SE of the community
<location id="83481180FF878534FE93F954FE37F959" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FE93F954FE37F959" box="[317,504,1706,1733]" country="Panama" municipality="Boca Chica creek" name="Charco La Pava" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro">Charco La Pava</location>
,,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FDB9F954FDADF959" box="[535,610,1706,1733]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="550.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF878534FDB9F954FDADF959" box="[535,610,1706,1733]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, epiphyte on fallen branch, flowers yellow with purple spots, lip heavily spotted purple to dark purple,
<date id="F229619BFF878534FE4FF930FDBEF974" box="[481,625,1742,1768]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2007-10-21">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF878534FE4FF930FDBEF974" box="[481,625,1742,1768]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2007-10-21">21 Oct 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FDD0F930FC91F974" box="[638,862,1742,1769]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF878534FDD0F930FD0BF974" box="[638,708,1742,1768]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Laube</collectorName>
et al.
<specimenCode id="D631EF20FF878534FCA0F931FC91F974" box="[782,862,1742,1769]" collectionCode="SL" country="Sierra Leone" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14608" name="University of Sierra Leone, Njala University College" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="Herbarium">SL 545</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FCC0F930FC60F974" box="[878,943,1742,1768]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a5s1-0agm" name="Provincial Museum of Alberta" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">PMA</collectionCode>
,
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF878534FC12F930FC26F974" box="[956,1001,1742,1768]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Fig.</collectorName>
17
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FBA3F930FBEAF974" box="[1037,1061,1742,1768]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FB94F930FE60F8AC" collectingDate="2008-06-25" collectionCode="PMA" collectorName="McPherson" country="Panama" elevation="100" location="Teck Cominco Petaquilla" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Colon">
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF878534FB94F930FB4CF974" box="[1082,1155,1742,1768]" country="Panama" name="Colon" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Colon</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="83481180FF878534FB20F930FA64F974" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FB20F930FA64F974" box="[1166,1451,1742,1768]" country="Panama" name="Teck Cominco Petaquilla" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Colon">Teck Cominco Petaquilla</location>
mining concession, forested slopes, epiphytic, perianth translucent white with purple markings,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FB6DF90CFAC2F891" box="[1219,1293,1778,1805]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF878534FB6DF90CFAC2F891" box="[1219,1293,1778,1805]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFF878534FAB4F90CFA68F890" box="[1306,1447,1778,1805]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2008-06-25">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF878534FAB4F90CFA68F890" box="[1306,1447,1778,1805]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2008-06-25">25 Jun 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FF26F8E8FE99F8AC" box="[136,342,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF878534FF26F8E8FEC6F8AC" box="[136,265,1814,1840]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">McPherson</collectorName>
20659
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FECAF8E8FE68F8AC" box="[356,423,1814,1840]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a5s1-0agm" name="Provincial Museum of Alberta" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">PMA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FE14F8E9FDDBF8AD" box="[442,532,1815,1841]" country="Panama" location="Donoso" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1">
<location id="83481180FF878534FE14F8E9FDDBF8AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FE14F8E9FDDBF8AD" box="[442,532,1815,1841]" country="Panama" name="Donoso" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Donoso</location>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FDB0F8E8FD09F8C8" collectingDate="2012-08-24" collectionCode="PMA" collectorName="Martinez" country="Panama" elevation="46" location="Cerca del Rio Escribano" municipality="Norte" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cocle">
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF878534FDB0F8E8FD90F8AC" box="[542,607,1814,1840]" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Coclé</collectingRegion>
del
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF878534FD21F8E9FD1DF8AD" box="[655,722,1815,1841]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Norte</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="83481180FF878534FD72F8E8FC21F8AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FD72F8E8FC21F8AC" box="[732,1006,1814,1840]" country="Panama" municipality="Norte" name="Cerca del Rio Escribano" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Cocle">Cerca del Río Escribano</location>
, área del helicad BL03, bosque húmedo tropical,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FF42F8C4FEE7F8C9" box="[236,296,1850,1877]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="46.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF878534FF42F8C4FEE7F8C9" box="[236,296,1850,1877]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="46.0">46 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFF878534FE9AF8C4FE06F8C8" box="[308,457,1850,1876]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2012-08-24">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF878534FE9AF8C4FE06F8C8" box="[308,457,1850,1876]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2012-08-24">24 Aug 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FE7AF8C5FDA4F8C8" box="[468,619,1850,1877]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF878534FE7AF8C5FDF6F8C9" box="[468,569,1851,1877]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Martínez</collectorName>
972
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FDD5F8C4FD71F8C8" box="[635,702,1850,1876]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a5s1-0agm" name="Provincial Museum of Alberta" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">PMA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FD7FF8C5FCE4F8C9" box="[721,811,1851,1877]" country="Panama" location="Donoso" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1">
<location id="83481180FF878534FD7FF8C5FCE4F8C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FD7FF8C5FCE4F8C9" box="[721,811,1851,1877]" country="Panama" name="Donoso" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Donoso</location>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FC99F8C4FBEEF8E4" collectingDate="2012-08-28" collectionCode="PMA" collectorName="Martinez" country="Panama" county="Norte" elevation="104" location="Bosque" municipality="Area" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCode="C10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cocle">
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF878534FC99F8C4FCB7F8C8" box="[823,888,1850,1876]" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Coclé</collectingRegion>
del
<collectingCounty id="6F493FD7FF878534FC04F8C5FC22F8C9" box="[938,1005,1851,1877]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Norte</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF878534FC56F8C2FBE1F8CB" box="[1016,1070,1852,1879]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Área</collectingMunicipality>
del helicad
<specimenCode id="D631EF20FF878534FB16F8C4FB26F8C8" box="[1208,1257,1850,1876]" collectionCode="C" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="Herbarium">C10</specimenCode>
,
<location id="83481180FF878534FB58F8C5FA85F8C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FB58F8C5FA85F8C9" box="[1270,1354,1851,1877]" country="Panama" county="Norte" municipality="Area" name="Bosque" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Cocle">Bosque</location>
húmedo tropical, al borde del
<location id="83481180FF878534FED7F8A0FDEFF8E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FED7F8A0FDEFF8E4" box="[377,544,1886,1912]" country="Panama" county="Norte" municipality="Area" name="Rio Belencillo" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Cocle">Río Belencillo</location>
,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FD85F8A0FDBAF8E5" box="[555,629,1886,1913]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="104.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF878534FD85F8A0FDBAF8E5" box="[555,629,1886,1913]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="104.0">104 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFF878534FD2FF8A0FCD9F8E4" box="[641,790,1886,1912]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2012-08-28">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF878534FD2FF8A0FCD9F8E4" box="[641,790,1886,1912]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2012-08-28">28 Aug 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FC8CF8A1FC08F8E4" box="[802,967,1886,1913]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF878534FC8CF8A1FC48F8E5" box="[802,903,1887,1913]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Martínez</collectorName>
1034
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FC78F8A0FBD6F8E4" box="[982,1049,1886,1912]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a5s1-0agm" name="Provincial Museum of Alberta" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">PMA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FB82F8A0FA67F85C" collectingDate="2013-07-19" collectionCode="G, H, PMA" collectorName="D. Omar Torrijos" country="Panama" county="La Pintada" elevation="180" location="Palmarazo Rio San Juan" municipality="La Pintada" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cocle">
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF878534FB82F8A0FBBDF8E4" box="[1068,1138,1886,1912]" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Cocle</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF878534FBD3F8A1FB36F8E4" box="[1149,1273,1886,1913]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<collectingCounty id="6F493FD7FF878534FBD3F8A1FB36F8E4" box="[1149,1273,1886,1913]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">La Pintada</collectingCounty>
</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="83481180FF878534FAABF8A0FF3EF801" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FAABF8A0FF3EF801" country="Panama" county="La Pintada" municipality="La Pintada" name="Palmarazo Rio San Juan" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Cocle">
Palmarazo
<location id="83481180FF878534FA2DF8A0FF3EF801" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FA2DF8A0FF3EF801" country="Panama" county="La Pintada" municipality="La Pintada" name="Rio San Juan" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Cocle">Río San Juan</location>
</location>
,
<location id="83481180FF878534FF50F87DFE75F800" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FF50F87DFE75F800" box="[254,442,1922,1949]" country="Panama" county="La Pintada" municipality="La Pintada" name="Parque Nacional" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Cocle">Parque Nacional</location>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FE6DF87CFE15F800" box="[451,474,1922,1948]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF878534FE70F87CFD6DF800" box="[478,674,1922,1948]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">D. Omar Torrijos</collectorName>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FD02F87DFD0CF801" box="[684,707,1923,1949]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
.
<location id="83481180FF878534FD7EF87AFC1BF800" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FD7EF87AFC1BF800" box="[720,980,1922,1951]" country="Panama" county="La Pintada" municipality="La Pintada" name="Area de Calle Larguita" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Cocle">Área de Calle Larguita</location>
(
<location id="83481180FF878534FC4BF87CFBAEF801" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FC4BF87CFBAEF801" box="[997,1121,1922,1949]" country="Panama" county="La Pintada" municipality="La Pintada" name="Palmarazo" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Cocle">Palmarazo</location>
), bosque al norte del área de acampar,
<location id="83481180FF878534FF5DF858FE48F85D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FF5DF858FE48F85D" box="[243,391,1958,1985]" country="Panama" county="La Pintada" municipality="La Pintada" name="Rio San Juan" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Cocle">Río San Juan</location>
, epifita en árbol caído, flor blanca translucida,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FC23F858FC1AF85D" box="[909,981,1958,1985]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="180.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF878534FC23F858FC1AF85D" box="[909,981,1958,1985]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFF878534FC4EF858FBABF85C" box="[992,1124,1958,1984]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2013-07-19">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF878534FC4EF858FBABF85C" box="[992,1124,1958,1984]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="2013-07-19">19 Jul 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FBC0F859FA80F85C" box="[1134,1359,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF878534FBC0F859FB1AF85C" box="[1134,1237,1959,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Espinosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Espinosa</taxonomicName>
et al. 6153
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FAF3F858FA6FF85C" box="[1373,1440,1958,1984]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a5s1-0agm" name="Provincial Museum of Alberta" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">PMA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FF26F835FDCCF794" collectionCode="PMA" country="Panama" county="La Enedia" location="Dressler" municipality="Cerro Jefe" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Panama">
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF878534FF26F835FF2AF879" box="[136,229,1995,2021]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Panama</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="6F493FD7FF878534FF40F835FEACF878" box="[238,355,1994,2021]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">La Enedia</collectingCounty>
, region of
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF878534FE79F834FD82F878" box="[471,589,1994,2020]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Cerro Jefe</collectingMunicipality>
; epiphyte, flowers yellow-tan, sepal &amp; petals flushed with red-purple, lip dark red-purple,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FEA5F810FE66F794" box="[267,425,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<location id="83481180FF878534FEA5F810FEA5F794" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FEA5F810FEA5F794" box="[267,362,2030,2056]" country="Panama" county="La Enedia" municipality="Cerro Jefe" name="Dressler" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" stateProvince="Panama">Dressler</location>
3303
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FE16F810FE34F794" box="[440,507,2030,2056]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a5s1-0agm" name="Provincial Museum of Alberta" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">PMA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878534FDA1F810FD76F7B0" collectingDate="1976-10-15" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Dressler" country="Panama" location="Region of Cerro Jefe" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1">
<location id="83481180FF878534FDA1F810FD33F794" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FDA1F810FD33F794" box="[527,764,2030,2056]" country="Panama" name="Region of Cerro Jefe" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Region of Cerro Jefe</location>
, epiphyte in tree tops, flowers green flushed with rose-violet, lip dark purple,
<date id="F229619BFF878534FE94F7ECFE08F7B0" box="[314,455,2066,2093]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="1976-10-15">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF878534FE94F7ECFE08F7B0" box="[314,455,2066,2093]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" value="1976-10-15">15 Oct 1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FE7CF7ECFDBFF7B0" box="[466,624,2066,2092]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF878534FE7CF7ECFDFEF7B0" box="[466,561,2066,2092]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Dressler</collectorName>
3078
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF878534FDD1F7ECFD7EF7B0" box="[639,689,2066,2092]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF878535FD6BF7ECFC67FF24" collectingDate="1977-01-22" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Folsom &amp; Kauke" country="Panama" elevation="425" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="244" location="Panamerican Highway" municipality="El Llano-Carti Road" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FF878534FD6BF7ECFC64F7B0" box="[709,939,2066,2092]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">El Llano-Carti Road</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF878534FC18F7ECFC32F7B0" box="[950,1021,2066,2092]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="32" pageNumber="243" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
north of
<location id="83481180FF878534FBCDF7ECFAACF7B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF878534FBCDF7ECFAACF7B0" box="[1123,1379,2066,2092]" country="Panama" municipality="El Llano-Carti Road" name="Panamerican Highway" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Panamerican Highway</location>
, cloud forest;
<quantity id="416FEABEFF868535FF78FF60FE9DFF25" box="[214,338,158,185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" unit="m" value="425.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="350.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF868535FF78FF60FE9DFF25" box="[214,338,158,185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" unit="m" value="425.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="350.0">350-500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, epiphyte,
<date id="F229619BFF868535FE62FF60FD9AFF24" box="[460,597,158,185]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" value="1977-01-22">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF868535FE62FF60FD9AFF24" box="[460,597,158,185]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" value="1977-01-22">22 Jan 1977</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FDCEFF60FC92FF24" box="[608,861,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF868535FDCEFF60FD7BFF24" box="[608,692,158,184]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Folsom</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF868535FD79FF60FCD0FF24" box="[727,799,158,184]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Kauke</collectorName>
1407
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF868535FCC2FF60FC50FF24" box="[876,927,158,184]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF868535FC1CFF60FF0CFE9C" collectingDate="1979-11-11" collectionCode="CR" collectorName="Todzia" country="Panama" elevation="400" location="Llano-Carti" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" specimenCount="1">
<location id="83481180FF868535FC1CFF60FBFAFF24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF868535FC1CFF60FBFAFF24" box="[946,1077,158,184]" country="Panama" name="Llano-Carti" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Llano-Cartí</location>
road,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF868535FBD5FF60FB0DFF24" box="[1147,1218,158,184]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mile</quantity>
past saw mill on dirt road,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF868535FF66FF3CFE8BFF41" box="[200,324,194,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" unit="m" value="400.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="300.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF868535FF66FF3CFE8BFF41" box="[200,324,194,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" unit="m" value="400.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="300.0">300-500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, sepals, petals, and column yellow with purple, lip, solid red purple,
<date id="F229619BFF868535FBEBFF3CFB16FF40" box="[1093,1241,194,221]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" value="1979-11-11">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF868535FBEBFF3CFB16FF40" box="[1093,1241,194,221]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" value="1979-11-11">11 Nov 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FB4AFF3CFA64FF40" box="[1252,1451,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF868535FB4AFF3CFAE1FF40" box="[1252,1326,194,220]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Todzia</collectorName>
et al. 1023
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF868535FF3EFF18FF75FE9C" box="[144,186,230,256]" country="Costa Rica" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15652" name="Museo Nacional de Costa Rica" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="Herbarium">CR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF868535FF7EFF18FA41FE9C" box="[208,1422,230,257]" collectingDate="1984-11-08" collectorName="El Llano-Carti Road &amp; de Nevers" country="Panama" elevation="300" location="Km" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF868535FF7EFF18FE75FE9C" box="[208,442,230,256]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">El Llano-Carti Road</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="416FEABEFF868535FE68FF18FDDEFE9D" box="[454,529,230,257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" unit="m" value="300.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FF868535FE68FF18FDDEFE9D" box="[454,529,230,257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; epiphyte on tree fall; petals yellowish-clear,
<location id="83481180FF868535FBBBFF19FBF0FE9D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFF878535FF26FE64FA84FDF4:83481180FF868535FBBBFF19FBF0FE9D" box="[1045,1087,231,257]" country="Panama" name="Km" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Km</location>
12.4,
<date id="F229619BFF868535FB26FF18FADEFE9C" box="[1160,1297,230,257]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" value="1984-11-08">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FF868535FB26FF18FADEFE9C" box="[1160,1297,230,257]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" value="1984-11-08">8 Nov 1984</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2B62228DFF868535FAB3FF18FA41FE9C" box="[1309,1422,230,256]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FAB3FF18FA41FE9C" box="[1309,1422,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">de Nevers</emphasis>
</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FA38FF19FA63FE9D" box="[1430,1452,231,257]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">&amp;</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FF868535FF26FEF5FEA3FEB8" box="[136,364,266,292]" collectionCode="MO" country="Panama" location="Herrera" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Herrera">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26FEF5FEEDFEB8" box="[136,290,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FF868535FF26FEF5FF2CFEB8" box="[136,227,267,292]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Herrera</collectingRegion>
4230
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFF868535FE9FFEF4FEABFEB8" box="[305,356,266,292]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFF868535FF13FED0FA84FDF4" blockId="33.[136,1452,158,617]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF13FED0FEE9FED4" bold="true" box="[189,294,302,328]" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">Notes:—</emphasis>
Plants of this species are almost indistinguishable from the prolific
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FBB3FED1FB68FED4" authorityName="Pupulin, Bogarin &amp; Fernandez" authorityYear="2010" box="[1053,1191,303,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sotoanus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FBB3FED1FB68FED4" box="[1053,1191,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. sotoanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FB70FED1FAA4FED4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1246,1387,302,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FB70FED1FAA4FED4" box="[1246,1387,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which this species has been confused. However,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FD09FEADFC84FEF0" authorityName="Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2021" box="[679,843,339,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FD09FEADFC84FEF0" box="[679,843,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. panamense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by its greenish translucent sepals
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26FE89FF68FE0C" box="[136,167,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">vs.</emphasis>
purple in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FEB0FE89FE63FE0C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[286,428,374,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FEB0FE89FE63FE0C" box="[286,428,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, brownish in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FDE5FE89FD19FE0C" authorityName="Pupulin, Bogarin &amp; Fernandez" authorityYear="2010" box="[587,726,375,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sotoanus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FDE5FE89FD19FE0C" box="[587,726,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. sotoanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, petals transluscent greenish
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FB8BFE89FBF3FE0C" box="[1061,1084,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">vs</emphasis>
. purple stripped in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FAB0FE89FA63FE0C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1310,1452,374,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FAB0FE89FA63FE0C" box="[1310,1452,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and translucent yellow in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FE04FE65FDFBFE28" authorityName="Pupulin, Bogarin &amp; Fernandez" authorityYear="2010" box="[426,564,411,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sotoanus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FE04FE65FDFBFE28" box="[426,564,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. sotoanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and column sometimes suffused with purple
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FB9CFE65FB9FFE28" box="[1074,1104,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">vs.</emphasis>
column yellowish green in the others. The lip is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FDA6FE41FD5BFE44" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[520,660,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FDA6FE41FD5BFE44" box="[520,660,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs in having a bilobed short, convergent small basal callus and disc with a longitudinal pair of rounded calli from near the base to near the apex
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FBACFE1DFBEFFE60" box="[1026,1056,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">vs.</emphasis>
a small callus at the base becoming a pair of conspicuous longitudinal lamellae near the apex where the lamellae becomes frequently irregular. The lip of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FF26FDD5FEE3FDD8" authorityName="Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,300,555,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FF26FDD5FEE3FDD8" box="[136,300,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. panamense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished from that of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FF868535FD6FFDD5FC84FDD8" authorityName="Pupulin, Bogarin &amp; Fernandez" authorityYear="2010" box="[705,843,555,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sotoanus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FD6FFDD5FC84FDD8" box="[705,843,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">M. sotoanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because in the former it is purple and weakly trilobed with obtusely angled lateral lobes
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF868535FDA9FDB1FDE9FDF4" box="[519,550,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="244">vs.</emphasis>
yellow and conspicuously trilobed with ovate and oblique lateral lobes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

146
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8E853DFF13FF63FE61FF24" bold="true" box="[189,430,157,184]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="252">Myoxanthus xiphion</emphasis>
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. (Fig. 18L)
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3267
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This species is similar to
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8E853DFDFAFE89FD31FE0C" box="[596,766,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="252">M. parvilabius</emphasis>
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in having lateral sepals connate at the base forming a flat synsepal and falcate petals. However,
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8E853DFD90FE65FD75FE28" box="[574,698,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="252">M. xiphion</emphasis>
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is distinguished by the caespitose habit
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8E853DFB22FE65FB6CFE28" box="[1164,1187,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="252">vs</emphasis>
. proliferous, yellowish flowers
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8E853DFF4AFE41FF34FE44" box="[228,251,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="252">vs</emphasis>
. purplish and subquadrate base of the petals, trilobed just above the middle and abruptly contracted into a falcate middle lobe
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF8E853DFEC8FE1DFEB2FE60" box="[358,381,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="252">vs</emphasis>
. obovate base contracted into a slender falcate apex.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF26FA82FF64FA0A" bold="true" box="[136,171,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">10.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF6AFA82FDDDFA0A" bold="true" box="[196,530,1404,1431]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Myoxanthus conceicionensis</emphasis>
Frey &amp; Sanson (2006: 51)
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. (Fig. 12L)
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(
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!; isotype:
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).
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF26F9DDFEEBF9A1" bold="true" box="[136,292,1571,1597]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Distribution:</emphasis>
—Southeastern
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF13F9B9FEE9F9FD" bold="true" box="[189,294,1607,1633]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Notes:—</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FE88F9B9FDA6F9FD" box="[294,617,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Myoxanthus conceicionensis</emphasis>
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. It is most similar to
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FB44F9B6FAB0F9FD" box="[1258,1407,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">M. punctatus</emphasis>
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but easily distinguished from the latter by purplish flowers
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FD5DF992FCC5F919" box="[755,778,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">vs</emphasis>
. yellowish to brownish and purple stripped sepals
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FAECF992FA96F919" box="[1346,1369,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">vs</emphasis>
. sepals with circular purple to dark red warts.
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF58FBDBFE1FFBA6" box="[246,464,1061,1082]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Pleurothallis colothrix</emphasis>
Luer (1981: 202)
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: epiphytic in cloud forest east of
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,
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<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFB18502FC78FBB7FB89FBC2" box="[982,1094,1097,1119]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" value="1977-07-10">10 Jul 1977</collectingDate>
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, cultivated at SEL-77-2694, flowered in cult.
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,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FE20FB90FDE8FB1E" box="[398,551,1133,1155]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Luer et al. 5991</emphasis>
(
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:
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!; isotype:
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).
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB18502FF26FB55FBD0FAC9" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF26FB55FEEBFB59" bold="true" box="[136,292,1195,1221]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB18502FEEEFB55FE73FB59" box="[320,444,1195,1221]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB18502FE66FB52FDEEFB5A" box="[456,545,1196,1222]" name="Panama" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Panama</collectingCountry>
and
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.
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFB18502FF13FB31FBD0FAC9" blockId="22.[136,1452,1195,1366]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF13FB31FEE9FB75" bold="true" box="[189,294,1231,1257]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB18502FE88FB31FDD5FB75" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[294,538,1231,1257]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="colothrix">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FE88FB31FDD5FB75" box="[294,538,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Myoxanthus colothrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB18502FCC6FB2EFBF2FB75" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[872,1085,1231,1257]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parahybunensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FCC6FB2EFBF2FB75" box="[872,1085,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">M. parahybunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the sheaths on the basal half of the ramicauls are completely covered with trichomes
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FCA8FB0AFCD2FA91" box="[774,797,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">vs</emphasis>
. smooth, and it has a toothed white column
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FABBFB0AFAE3FA91" box="[1301,1324,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">vs</emphasis>
. untoothed with purple wings and white oblong lip with a pair of conspicuous longitudinal keels emerging near the middle on the disc
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF12FAC2FF1CFAC9" box="[188,211,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">vs</emphasis>
. subpandurate lip with purple margins and microscopical keels on the disc.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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177
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF26FDD4FF52FDD8" bold="true" box="[136,157,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">8.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF6AFDD7FE6FFDD8" bold="true" box="[196,416,553,580]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Myoxanthus cimex</emphasis>
(Luer &amp; R.Escobar)
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. (Fig. 12H,I)
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF58FD8BFE7EFD17" box="[246,433,629,651]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Pleurothallis cimex</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB18502FF26FD67FF09FD32" box="[136,198,665,686]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB18502FF4CFD67FEA9FD32" box="[226,358,665,686]" name="Colombia" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB18502FEC0FD67FE03FD33" box="[366,460,665,687]" country="Colombia" name="Risaralda" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Risaralda</collectingRegion>
:
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,
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, collected by
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.
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</materialsCitation>
,
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.
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</materialsCitation>
&amp;
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.
<location id="83481180FFB18502FEF7FD40FE0CFD4F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB18502FF26FDD4FBD7FC30:83481180FFB18502FEF7FD40FE0CFD4F" box="[345,451,701,723]" country="Colombia" name="De Posada" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">De Posada</location>
, flowered in cultivation by
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB18502FD79FD40FD20FD4F" box="[727,751,702,723]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. &amp;
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB18502FCBBFD43FCE6FD4E" box="[789,809,701,722]" country="Norway" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13093" name="Botanical Museum - University of Oslo" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="Herbarium">O</collectionCode>
.
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB18502FC9BFD43FE82FD6B" collectingDate="1978-01-25" collectionCode="JAUM, SEL" collectorName="Robledo &amp; La Ceja &amp; Luer" country="Colombia" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB18502FC9BFD43FC49FD4F" box="[821,902,701,723]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Robledo</collectorName>
at
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB18502FC06FD40FC36FD4F" box="[936,1017,701,723]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">La Ceja</collectorName>
,
<date id="F229619BFFB18502FBAAFD43FBB1FD4E" box="[1028,1150,701,723]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" value="1978-01-25">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFB18502FBAAFD43FBB1FD4E" box="[1028,1150,701,723]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" value="1978-01-25">25 Jan 1978</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB18502FB25FD40FB77FD4F" box="[1163,1208,702,723]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Luer</collectorName>
2321
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB18502FB51FD43FA97FD4F" box="[1279,1368,701,723]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB18502FACDFD40FA68FD4F" box="[1379,1447,702,723]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13382" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13382" name="Jardín Botánico Joaquín Antonio Uribe" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="Herbarium">JAUM</collectionCode>
; isotype:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB18502FEA1FD1FFE8DFD6B" box="[271,322,737,759]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" name="Marie Selby Botanical Gardens" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="Herbarium">SEL</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB18502FF26FCDBFBD7FC30" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB18502FF26FCDBFE79FCDC" blockId="22.[136,1451,805,940]" box="[136,438,805,832]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF26FCDBFEEBFCA3" bold="true" box="[136,292,805,831]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB18502FEEFFCD8FE7DFCDC" box="[321,434,806,832]" name="Colombia" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB18502FF13FCB4FBD7FC30" blockId="22.[136,1451,805,940]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF13FCB4FEE9FCF8" bold="true" box="[189,294,842,868]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB18502FE88FCB4FE34FCF8" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer &amp; R. Escobar" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[294,507,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cimex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FE88FCB4FE34FCF8" box="[294,507,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Myoxanthus cimex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB18502FD31FCB5FCF5FCF8" box="[671,826,842,868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Duboisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reymondii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FD31FCB5FCF5FCF8" box="[671,826,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">M. reymondii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but has an acute dorsal sepal generally fully opened backwards, covering the ovary and pedicel
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FDDBFC91FD5CFC14" box="[629,659,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">vs.</emphasis>
dorsal sepal generally obtuse, not completely opened, an ovate acute, apical petal callus
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FEF6FC6DFEA0FC30" box="[344,367,915,940]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">vs</emphasis>
. rounded callus and unlobed lip
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FD73FC6DFD3BFC30" box="[733,756,915,940]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">vs</emphasis>
. small acute lateral lobes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

147
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<mods:title id="386FCA452951A670F35DEFC24C8EC162">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="55FFB8922EF18956D30737027AEAFC15">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="0AC3D9D9B5CF61FC39675A9ACC67D8F5">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Endless Forms, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands &amp; akarremans @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5987 - 7710</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB18502FF26FF60FC00FF24" box="[136,975,157,185]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB18502FF26FF60FC00FF24" blockId="22.[136,975,157,185]" box="[136,975,157,185]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
<heading id="DD60F037FFB18502FF26FF60FC00FF24" box="[136,975,157,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF26FF60FF52FF24" bold="true" box="[136,157,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB18502FF6AFF63FC80FF25" ID-CoL="456JS" authority="(Luer &amp; R. Vasquez) Luer (1982 a: 36)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer &amp; R. Vasquez" box="[196,847,157,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chloe">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF6AFF63FE55FF24" bold="true" box="[196,410,157,184]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Myoxanthus chloe</emphasis>
(Luer &amp; R.Vásquez)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB18502FD20FF60FC80FF25" author="Luer, C. A." box="[654,847,158,185]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 36)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 12G)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB18502FF26FF17FD07FF63" box="[136,712,233,255]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB18502FF26FF17FD07FF63" blockId="22.[136,1452,233,327]" box="[136,712,233,255]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
Basionym
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF41FF17FE69FF62" box="[239,422,233,254]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Pleurothallis chloe</emphasis>
Luer &amp; Vásquez (1980: 362)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB18502FF26FEF3FE3CFEDB" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB18502FF26FEF3FE3CFEDB" blockId="22.[136,1452,233,327]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB18502FF26FEF3FE63FEDB" collectingDate="1980-02-09" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="Luer &amp; Vasquez" country="Bolivia" elevation="2300" location="Tablas" municipality="Chapre" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cochabamba" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB18502FF26FEF3FF08FEBE" box="[136,199,269,290]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB18502FF4DFEF3FE86FEBE" box="[227,329,269,290]" name="Bolivia" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB18502FEFDFEF3FE1BFEBF" box="[339,468,269,291]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFB18502FE4EFEF3FDE7FEBF" box="[480,552,269,291]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Chapre</collectingMunicipality>
, epiphytic in cloud forest along the road to
<location id="83481180FFB18502FC75FEF3FBD3FEBF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB18502FF26FF60FC91FE60:83481180FFB18502FC75FEF3FBD3FEBF" box="[987,1052,269,291]" country="Bolivia" municipality="Chapre" name="Tablas" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" stateProvince="Cochabamba">Tablas</location>
, alt.
<quantity id="416FEABEFFB18502FBE3FEF3FB55FEBF" box="[1101,1178,269,291]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" unit="m" value="2300.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FFB18502FBE3FEF3FB55FEBF" box="[1101,1178,269,291]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFFB18502FB08FEF3FAD1FEBE" box="[1190,1310,269,291]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" value="1980-02-09">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFB18502FB08FEF3FAD1FEBE" box="[1190,1310,269,291]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" value="1980-02-09">9 Feb. 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FA84FEF0FE8CFEDA" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB18502FA84FEF0FA98FEBF" box="[1322,1367,270,291]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Luer</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB18502FACDFEF0FA5FFEBF" box="[1379,1424,270,291]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Luer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB18502FF13FECCFEC2FEDB" box="[189,269,306,327]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Vásquez</collectorName>
5200
</emphasis>
(
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,
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB18502FE1FFECFFE2BFEDB" box="[433,484,305,327]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" name="Marie Selby Botanical Gardens" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="Herbarium">SEL</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB18502FF26FE8BFC91FE60" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB18502FF26FE8BFE55FE0C" blockId="22.[136,1452,373,508]" box="[136,410,373,400]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF26FE8BFEEBFE13" bold="true" box="[136,292,373,399]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB18502FEECFE88FE59FE0C" box="[322,406,374,400]" name="Bolivia" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB18502FF13FE64FC91FE60" blockId="22.[136,1452,373,508]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF13FE64FEE9FE28" bold="true" box="[189,294,410,436]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Notes:—</emphasis>
This Bolivian endemic may produce up to
<quantity id="416FEABEFFB18502FCBDFE64FC8FFE28" box="[787,832,410,436]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
proliferous plants,. It is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB18502FB7CFE65FAF4FE28" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[1234,1339,410,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FB7CFE65FAF4FE28" box="[1234,1339,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">M. frutex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is also found in
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB18502FE8CFE40FEB7FE44" box="[290,376,446,472]" name="Bolivia" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
. However, it is distinguished from the latter by its whitish flowers and acute lateral lip lobes
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FA23FE41FA6BFE44" box="[1421,1444,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">vs</emphasis>
. yellowish to brownish flowers and lip margins obscurely angled.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

325
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<mods:title id="468A302357D67AE114AEFD64CDEECD67">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="C11E91DDCF1434B1D8A09B1D86636079">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF26F92EFF65F976" bold="true" box="[136,170,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">11.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF6AF92EFE01F977" bold="true" box="[196,462,1744,1771]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Myoxanthus congestus</emphasis>
(A.Rich. &amp; Galeotti)
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: XXII) (Fig. 14A,B)
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF58F8EBFE01F8B7" box="[246,462,1813,1835]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Pleurothallis congesta</emphasis>
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s.n.
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[W-0079486!, drawing annotated by Richard and plant and flower fragment “Flor. in hort. bot. Fac. Med. Par.
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: t. 1053; isolectotype, W-0079482!]
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Heterotypic synonyms:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FEC3F87FFD93F80B" box="[365,604,1921,1943]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Pleurothallis octomeriae</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FC90F87FFBEAF80B" box="[830,1061,1921,1943]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Myoxanthus octomeriae</emphasis>
(Schltr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB18502FBD1F87CFAEBF80B" author="Luer, C. A." box="[1151,1316,1921,1943]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 47)</bibRefCitation>
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:
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, c. 5000,
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252
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[
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:
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, destroyed;
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, AMES-23789!, selected by
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; isolectotype MO-950657!]
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.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FF26F813FEB3F79F" box="[136,380,2029,2051]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Pleurothallis ramentacea</emphasis>
Garay &amp;
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.
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<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB18502FF26F7ECFBBDF7BB" box="[136,1138,2065,2087]" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Venezuela" location="Without" municipality="Steyermark" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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:—
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.
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precise locality,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB18502FDC3F7EFFCCDF7BB" box="[621,770,2065,2087]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFB18502FDC3F7EFFD15F7BA" box="[621,730,2065,2086]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233">Steyermark</collectingMunicipality>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB18502FCA0F7EFFCA8F7BB" box="[782,871,2065,2087]" pageId="22" pageNumber="233" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: AMES-spirit, illustration!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="D2E817D3FFB08503FF26F84FFA4DF85A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5425756" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5425756" box="[136,1410,1969,1991]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5425756/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="234" startId="23.[136,229,1969,1991]" targetBox="[205,1383,191,1944]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB08503FF26F84FFA4DF85A" blockId="23.[136,1410,1969,1991]" box="[136,1410,1969,1991]" pageId="23" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB08503FF26F84FFEC5F85A" bold="true" box="[136,266,1969,1991]" pageId="23" pageNumber="234">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
Lectotype (right) of
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB08503FE7DF84FFD49F85A" box="[467,646,1969,1990]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="234">Dubois-reymondia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB08503FD22F84FFC07F85B" authority="Karsten. Reproduced" authorityName="Karsten. Reproduced" box="[652,968,1969,1991]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="234" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lancipetala">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB08503FD22F84FFD37F85A" box="[652,760,1969,1990]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="234">lancipetala</emphasis>
Karsten. Reproduced
</taxonomicName>
in Florae Columbiae 1: 95. 1858, tab. XLVII.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBF850CFF26FF60FE2EFDF4" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBF850CFF26FF60FA45FF24" blockId="24.[136,1452,158,617]" box="[136,1418,158,185]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF26FF60FEEBFF24" bold="true" box="[136,292,158,184]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFEEFFF60FE57FF24" box="[321,408,158,184]" name="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFE0DFF60FDD0FF24" box="[419,543,158,184]" name="Guatemala" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFD84FF60FDBBFF24" box="[554,628,158,184]" name="Belize" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Belize</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFD2EFF60FD3FFF24" box="[640,752,158,184]" name="Honduras" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Honduras</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFD55FF60FCBEFF24" box="[763,881,158,184]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFCD2FF60FC36FF24" box="[892,1017,158,184]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFBAAFF61FBAFFF25" box="[1028,1120,159,185]" name="Panama" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFBC4FF60FB12FF24" box="[1130,1245,158,184]" name="Venezuela" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFABAFF60FA49FF24" box="[1300,1414,158,184]" name="Colombia" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBF850CFF26FF3CFD78FE0C" blockId="24.[136,1452,158,617]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF26FF3CFF3EFF40" bold="true" box="[136,241,194,220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species is morphologically similar to
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFD7EFF3DFBDEFF40" box="[720,1041,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFD7EFF3DFC8EFF40" authorityName="Luer ex Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[720,833,195,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cereus">M. cereus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFCE3FF3DFBDEFF40" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[845,1041,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octomerioides">M. octomerioides</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFBE7FF3DFB2BFF40" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1992" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1097,1252,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulvinatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFBE7FF3DFB2BFF40" box="[1097,1252,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. pulvinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. From
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFA98FF3DFA6BFF40" authorityName="Luer ex Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1334,1444,195,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cereus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFA98FF3DFA6BFF40" box="[1334,1444,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. cereus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFF26FF19FED4FE9C" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="A. Rich. &amp; Galeotti" box="[136,283,231,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congestus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF26FF19FED4FE9C" box="[136,283,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. congestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by the narrow elliptic leaves
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFCB2FF19FCFCFE9C" box="[796,819,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">vs</emphasis>
. broad elliptic to ovate, ovate petals
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFB61FF19FB29FE9C" box="[1231,1254,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">vs</emphasis>
. oblong, scarcely adaxially verrucose lip with angled margins
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFD27FEF5FD6FFEB8" box="[649,672,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">vs</emphasis>
. oblong and conspicuously verrucose. From
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFB06FEF5FAA0FEB8" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1192,1391,266,292]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octomerioides">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFB06FEF5FAA0FEB8" box="[1192,1391,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. octomerioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is distinguished by the yellowish whitish perianth
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFD0DFED1FD75FED4" box="[675,698,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">vs</emphasis>
. perianth suffused with pink to purple. From
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFB15FED1FA99FED4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1992" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1211,1366,302,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulvinatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFB15FED1FA99FED4" box="[1211,1366,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. pulvinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFA23FED1FF39FEF0" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="A. Rich. &amp; Galeotti" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congestus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFA23FED1FF39FEF0" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. congestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it differs in the column with aciculate teeth on each side and acute to obtuse lip
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFB39FEADFB61FEF0" box="[1175,1198,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">vs</emphasis>
. triangular, frequently bidentate on each side and generally apiculate lip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBF850CFF13FE64FE2EFDF4" blockId="24.[136,1452,158,617]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
When Soto Arenas revised Mexican
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFDC9FE64FD3FFE28" authorityName=", Luer" authorityYear="1992" box="[615,752,410,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFDC9FE64FD3FFE28" box="[615,752,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, he noted that the original material of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFB19FE65FAF5FE28" authorityName="Richard &amp; Galeotti" authorityYear="1845" box="[1207,1338,411,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congesta">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFB19FE65FAF5FE28" box="[1207,1338,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">P. congesta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fitted the concept of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFEA8FE41FE65FE44" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[262,426,447,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octomeriae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFEA8FE41FE65FE44" box="[262,426,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. octomeriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
better than that of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFD2FFE41FC89FE44" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[641,838,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octomerioides">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFD2FFE41FC89FE44" box="[641,838,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. octomerioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as previously stated by
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBF850CFBF9FE41FB2CFE44" author="Luer, C. A." box="[1111,1251,446,473]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">
Luer (1982
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBF850CFB78FE40FB2CFE44" author="Luer, C. A." box="[1238,1251,446,472]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">a</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, 1992; see Rojas- Alvarado &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBF850CFEB4FE1DFE18FE60" author="Karremans, A. P. &amp; Vieira-Uribe, S." box="[282,471,482,509]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" refId="ref28631" refString="Karremans, A. P. &amp; Vieira-Uribe, S. (2020) Pleurothallids Neotropical jewels, vol. 1. Mariscal, Quito, 311 pp." type="book" year="2020">Karremans 2020</bibRefCitation>
for an extended discussion).
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFC83FE1CFB9CFE60" box="[813,1107,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFC83FE1CFB80FE60" authorityName="Garay &amp; Dunsterville" authorityYear="1976" box="[813,1103,482,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramentacea">Pleurothallis ramentacea</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
described from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFABCFE1CFA4AFE60" box="[1298,1413,482,508]" name="Venezuela" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
by Garay &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBF850CFF43FDF8FE06FDBD" author="Dunsterville, G. C. K. &amp; Garay, L. A." box="[237,457,518,545]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" refId="ref28152" refString="Dunsterville, G. C. K. &amp; Garay, L. A. (1976) Venezuelan orchids illustrated, VI. Deutsch, London, 463 pp." type="book" year="1976">Dunsterville (1976)</bibRefCitation>
, also fits the concept of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFD61FDF9FC82FDBC" authorityName="Richard &amp; Galeotti" authorityYear="1845" box="[719,845,519,544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congesta">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFD61FDF9FC82FDBC" box="[719,845,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">P. congesta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. See
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFC28FDF9FBEFFDBC" box="[902,1056,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Incertae sedis</emphasis>
at the end of this list of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFA8CFDF8FF16FDD8" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFA8CFDF8FA64FDBC" box="[1314,1451,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
for a commentary of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFE60FDD4FCF9FDD8" authority="Klotzsch" authorityName="Klotzsch" box="[462,822,554,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFE60FDD4FD06FDD8" box="[462,713,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Pleurothallis elongata</emphasis>
Klotzsch
</taxonomicName>
, which
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBF850CFC20FDD4FA8BFDD8" author="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P." box="[910,1348,554,581]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref31437" refString="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P. (2020) Revision of the Costa Rican species of Myoxanthus (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae). Phytotaxa 448: 1 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 448.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Rojas-Alvarado and Karremans (2020)</bibRefCitation>
included as a synonym of
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFEE8FDB1FE2EFDF4" box="[326,481,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFEE8FDB1FE12FDF4" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="A. Rich. &amp; Galeotti" box="[326,477,591,616]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congestus">M. congestus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="B682C8122223E00E9841AD9389D8EB69">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="04E11282925974828F6CB618E5B27361">Rojas-Alvarado, Gustavo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8A60927289A2E9ED9369B5D55A5DD792">Blanco, Mario A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CED84B9745A53AD2FD5C3C0DFA394452">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5D423736102555C3043BC93F23A42F71">Karremans, Adam P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="40F1419DD132A6E8E8AD27EBE17B6587">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Endless Forms, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands &amp; akarremans @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5987 - 7710</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9C3EDF8C2B2C5F7DF7DDE42CCBE64CAE" type="email">akarremans@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2164913D24647D5348AC7BC26F762887">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="15B6BF9AE99DC26AB08EDC7C6F65D468">
<mods:title id="BA2D000055FF8CD56842E5EB6C45A672">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="0CE81631E642AA41D5ED14A3B72676B2">
<mods:date id="C8CC7EC66367D7F8F178A6A74EA829EE">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E948AB4BFEAED706095244EC1B5BFD2A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="8E6F5E14EC3EBBF196EB5F834A374E67">2021-06-10</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="81799DA407FA695CC3DC3F9A92A0ACB9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A4B3FB915C4EC62C58D62EE1AADF1CB6">507</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3824CBECCB0122AE11B7C8F6DA4C557F" type="issue">
<mods:number id="025EB395486D4BCF9C6CA8E38C8D39FF">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="4CE3FCBE0648C85D5787DFDBDB080EEE">211</mods:start>
<mods:end id="BC34EE6FD756E7664897C170A0E6D834">258</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="D309DFE80BF062C5D3C6BA5E51DE88B2">
<mods:url id="31189CBAF5F86DBAD03582A950061C1A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.507.3.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="C1B98966902E1DECAA0723DF854C48AB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F14D1CD9E7E1A332978C8B47140791BC" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.507.3.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="63EFF0A2249979A8D748E4E53D3257C7" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7D30A97C7839823E40B7409B9E0A2ABA" type="Zenodo-Dep">5425729</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0E3EF64DFFB38501FF26FA79FC9DF828" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5484777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5484777" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB38501FF26FA79FC9DF828" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E3EF64DFFB38501FF26FA79FC9DF828" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB38500FF26FA79FB0FFA3E" box="[136,1216,1415,1442]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB38500FF26FA79FB0FFA3E" blockId="20.[136,1216,1415,1442]" box="[136,1216,1415,1442]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">
<heading id="DD60F037FFB38500FF26FA79FB0FFA3E" box="[136,1216,1415,1442]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FF26FA79FF52FA3D" bold="true" box="[136,157,1415,1441]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FF6AFA79FB8BFA3E" ID-CoL="8WYG5" authority="(Ames) Luer ex Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans (2017: 210)" authorityName="Luer ex Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityPageNumber="210" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[196,1092,1415,1442]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cereus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FF6AFA79FE68FA3E" bold="true" box="[196,423,1415,1442]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Myoxanthus cereus</emphasis>
(Ames) Luer ex
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB38500FDC8FA79FB8BFA3E" author="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P." box="[614,1092,1415,1442]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" pagination="203 - 214" refId="ref31389" refString="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P. (2017) Additions to the Costa Rican Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae). Lankesteriana 17: 203 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / lank. v 17 i 2.29933" type="journal article" year="2017">Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans (2017: 210)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 12F)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB38500FF26FA2DFD45FA75" box="[136,650,1491,1513]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB38500FF26FA2DFD45FA75" blockId="20.[136,1309,1491,1549]" box="[136,650,1491,1513]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FF58FA2DFD49FA75" ID-CoL="7XYVX" authority="Ames (1923 a: 19 - 20)" authorityName="Ames" authorityPageNumber="19 - 20" authorityYear="1923" box="[246,646,1491,1513]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerea">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FF58FA2DFE62FA75" box="[246,429,1491,1513]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Pleurothallis cerea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB38500FE1CFA2DFD49FA75" author="Ames, O." box="[434,646,1491,1513]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" refId="ref27213" refString="Ames, O. (1923 a) Additions to the orchid flora of Central America with observations on noteworthy species. In: Ames, O. (Ed.) Schedulae orchidianae 4. Earnshaw, Boston, 62 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 156824" type="book" year="1923">Ames (1923a: 19–20)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB38500FF26FA09FAD2F991" box="[136,1309,1527,1549]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB38500FF26FA09FAD2F991" blockId="20.[136,1309,1491,1549]" box="[136,1309,1527,1549]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB38500FF26FA09FC96F991" box="[136,857,1527,1549]" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Costa Rica" location="Lankester" municipality="Agua Caliente" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cartago" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB38500FF26FA09FF0BF990" box="[136,196,1527,1548]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FF4EFA09FEBFF990" box="[224,368,1527,1548]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB38500FED4FA09FE05F990" box="[378,458,1527,1548]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Cartago</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFB38500FE7FFA09FD92F991" box="[465,605,1527,1549]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Agua Caliente</collectingMunicipality>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FDC9FA09FD20F990" box="[615,751,1527,1548]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">
<location id="83481180FFB38500FDC9FA09FD09F990" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB38501FF26FA79FC9DF828:83481180FFB38500FDC9FA09FD09F990" box="[615,710,1527,1548]" country="Costa Rica" municipality="Agua Caliente" name="Lankester" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Cartago">Lankester</location>
358
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB38500FD52FA09FC9AF991" box="[764,853,1527,1549]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB38500FCF0FA06FCBEF991" box="[862,881,1528,1549]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
, photo of type, illustration of type,
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB38500FB6DFA09FAC1F991" box="[1219,1294,1527,1549]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" name="Harvard University - Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" type="Herbarium">AMES</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB38501FF26F9C5FC9DF828" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB38500FF26F9C5FD9EF9CA" blockId="20.[136,1452,1595,2018]" box="[136,593,1595,1622]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FF26F9C5FE8FF9C9" bold="true" box="[136,320,1595,1621]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Distribution:—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FEEEF9C2FE76F9C9" box="[320,441,1595,1622]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FE5EF9C2FD83F9CA" box="[496,588,1596,1622]" name="Panama" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB38500FF13F99EFD3CF87E" blockId="20.[136,1452,1595,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FF13F99EFEE9F9E6" bold="true" box="[189,294,1632,1658]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FE88F9A1FE34F9E5" authorityName="Ames" authorityYear="1923" box="[294,507,1631,1657]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerea">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FE88F9A1FE34F9E5" box="[294,507,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Pleurothallis cerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been commonly placed under the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FBE9F99EFB25F9E5" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[1095,1258,1632,1657]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octomeriae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FBE9F99EFB25F9E5" box="[1095,1258,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">M. octomeriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FABEF99EFA6BF9E5" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Richard &amp; Galeotti" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[1296,1444,1632,1657]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congestus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FABEF99EFA6BF9E5" box="[1296,1444,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">M. congestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, Luer noted differences between the two species, and in 1991 annotated a specimen collected by Endrés from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FF69F956FE8EF95D" box="[199,321,1703,1730]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
as “
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FED8F956FD4DF95E" authority="(Ames) Luer" authorityName="Luer ex Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[374,642,1704,1730]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cereus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FED8F956FE2BF95D" box="[374,484,1704,1729]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">M. cereus</emphasis>
(Ames) Luer
</taxonomicName>
”, a combination that he never published. When
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB38500FB0CF956FAE7F95E" author="Soto Arenas, M. A." box="[1186,1320,1704,1730]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" pagination="4" refId="ref31776" refString="Soto Arenas, M. A. (2008) Myoxanthus. In: Hagsater, E. &amp; Soto, M. (Eds.) Icones orchidacearum 10 (4). Instituto Chinoin, Mexico City, pp. xxii, t. 1053, 1054." type="book chapter" year="2008">Soto (2008)</bibRefCitation>
revised the taxonomy of the Mexican
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FE12F935FD8AF979" authorityName=", Luer" authorityYear="1992" box="[444,581,1739,1765]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FE12F935FD8AF979" box="[444,581,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, he reduced
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FD73F932FC4CF979" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[733,899,1740,1765]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octomeriae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FD73F932FC4CF979" box="[733,899,1740,1765]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">M. octomeriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with all its synonyms, to the synonymy of the older
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FF65F90EFEADF895" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Richard &amp; Galeotti" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[203,354,1776,1801]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congestus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FF65F90EFEADF895" box="[203,354,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">M. congestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a name based on material from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FD4BF911FCF1F895" box="[741,830,1775,1801]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. However, he also noted the odd features of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FAE7F90EFA6BF895" authorityName="Ames" authorityYear="1923" box="[1353,1444,1776,1801]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerea">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FAE7F90EFA6BF895" box="[1353,1444,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">P. cerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially in leaf size and shape and lip structure. After studying material of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FBA8F8EDFB11F8B1" authorityName="Ames" authorityYear="1923" box="[1030,1246,1811,1837]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerea">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FBA8F8EDFB11F8B1" box="[1030,1246,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Pleurothallis cerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FA86F8EAFA68F8B1" box="[1320,1447,1811,1838]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB38500FF26F8C9FDE9F8CE" author="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P." box="[136,550,1847,1874]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" pagination="203 - 214" refId="ref31389" refString="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P. (2017) Additions to the Costa Rican Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae). Lankesteriana 17: 203 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / lank. v 17 i 2.29933" type="journal article" year="2017">Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans (2017)</bibRefCitation>
formally recognized it as a species and transferred it to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FB22F8C9FADAF8CD" authorityName=", Luer" authorityYear="1992" box="[1164,1301,1847,1873]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FB22F8C9FADAF8CD" box="[1164,1301,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This Central American species is easily distinguished from the closely related
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FCF4F8A2FB41F8EA" authority="(Mexico)" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Mexico" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[858,1166,1883,1910]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octomerioides">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FCF4F8A2FBD2F8E9" box="[858,1053,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">M. octomerioides</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FB85F8A5FB49F8EA" box="[1067,1158,1883,1910]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Mexico</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FB36F8A2FAE5F8E9" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Richard &amp; Galeotti" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[1176,1322,1884,1909]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congestus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FB36F8A2FAE5F8E9" box="[1176,1322,1884,1909]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">M. congestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FA96F8A5FA40F8E9" box="[1336,1423,1883,1909]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Mexico</collectingCountry>
to Colombia-Venezuela) and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB38500FE1AF87EFD80F805" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1992" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[436,591,1919,1945]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulvinatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FE1AF87EFD80F805" box="[436,591,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">M. pulvinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FDF3F87EFD5DF806" box="[605,658,1920,1946]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB38500FD64F881FCDFF806" box="[714,784,1919,1946]" name="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">Brazil</collectingCountry>
) by its broad, elliptic to ovate petiolate leaves, and oblong, conspicuously adaxially verrucose, frequently apiculate lip
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB38500FC84F85AFC8EF821" box="[810,833,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="231">vs</emphasis>
. narrow elliptic, sessile leaves and lip not apiculate of the other species (
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB38500FEFFF839FD28F87E" author="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P." box="[337,743,1991,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="231" pagination="203 - 214" refId="ref31389" refString="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P. (2017) Additions to the Costa Rican Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae). Lankesteriana 17: 203 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / lank. v 17 i 2.29933" type="journal article" year="2017">Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB28501FF26F8ABFC9DF828" blockId="21.[136,1452,1877,1972]" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FF26F8ABFEC5F8F6" bold="true" box="[136,266,1877,1899]" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB28501FEBEF8ABFE21F8F7" box="[272,494,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="232" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FEBEF8ABFE4AF8F6" box="[272,389,1877,1898]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
species. A
</taxonomicName>
–C.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB28501FDBBF8A8FDBEF8F6" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[533,625,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="232" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FDBBF8A8FDBEF8F6" box="[533,625,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. D.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB28501FD34F8A8FCD1F8F6" authorityName="Luer &amp; Hirtz" authorityYear="1992" box="[666,798,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="232" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antennifer">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FD34F8A8FCD1F8F6" box="[666,798,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">M. antennifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. E.
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FCEAF8A8FC2AF8F6" box="[836,997,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB28501FCEAF8A8FC2FF8F6" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Reichenbach" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[836,992,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="232" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceratothallis">M. ceratothallis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
F.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB28501FBAFF8A8FB90F8F7" authorityName="Luer ex Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1025,1119,1878,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="232" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cereus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FBAFF8A8FB90F8F7" box="[1025,1119,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">M. cereus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. G.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB28501FB27F8A8FB12F8F6" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer &amp; R. Vasquez" box="[1161,1245,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="232" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chloe">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FB27F8A8FB12F8F6" box="[1161,1245,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">M. chloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. H–I.
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FAB4F8A8FAB5F8F7" box="[1306,1402,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB28501FAB4F8A8FAB9F8F7" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer &amp; R. Escobar" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1306,1398,1878,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="232" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cimex">M. cimex</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
J–K.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB28501FF26F884FECFF812" baseAuthorityName="Rojas-Alvarado" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[136,256,1913,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="232" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="colothrix">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FF26F884FECFF812" box="[136,256,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">M. colothrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. L.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB28501FE89F884FE2FF813" authorityName="Frey &amp; Sanson" authorityYear="2006" box="[295,480,1914,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="232" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conceicionensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB28501FE89F884FE2FF813" box="[295,480,1914,1935]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="232">M. conceicionensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photographs by: L. Grobler (A). L.E. Yupanqui (B). G. Rojas-Alvarado (C, J, K). A. Karremans (F, G). Ecuagenera (D). R. Parsons (E, L). S. Vieira-Uribe (H). H. R. Ellis (I).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="BC3FFA93E2FB184A651D06C061FA50EE">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="2E36CBE78E7D3938636065BEE6D1EC4A">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="FF14F9ED8CEFB6B0B25E9D7F38A54748">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Endless Forms, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands &amp; akarremans @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5987 - 7710</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FA2CFAF3FA70" blockId="19.[136,1340,1490,1517]" box="[136,1340,1490,1517]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<heading id="DD60F037FFB48507FF26FA2CFAF3FA70" box="[136,1340,1490,1517]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF26FA2CFF52FA70" bold="true" box="[136,157,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FF6AFA2CFC94FA70" ID-CoL="9V3TT" authority="Karremans, I. Jimenez &amp; M. Zarate" authorityName="Karremans, I. Jimenez &amp; M. Zarate" box="[196,859,1490,1517]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF6AFA2CFE1BFA71" bold="true" box="[196,468,1490,1517]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Myoxanthus bolivianus</emphasis>
Karremans, I.Jiménez &amp; M.Zárate
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB48507FCD1FA2DFAF7FA70" author="Karremans, A. P. &amp; Vieira-Uribe, S." box="[895,1336,1490,1517]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" refId="ref28631" refString="Karremans, A. P. &amp; Vieira-Uribe, S. (2020) Pleurothallids Neotropical jewels, vol. 1. Mariscal, Quito, 311 pp." type="book" year="2020">Karremans &amp; Vieira-Uribe (2020: 202)</bibRefCitation>
.
</heading>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26F9E0FD89F9E0" blockId="19.[136,1452,1566,1660]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB48507FF26F9E0FE97F9E0" collectingDate="2019-01-08" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="de Monte Punco" country="Bolivia" elevation="2100" latitude="-17.454445" location="Cochabamba" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-65.27583" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cochabamba" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FF26F9E0FF07F9AF" box="[136,200,1566,1587]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">TYPE</collectionCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FF7DF9E0FEF6F9AF" box="[211,313,1566,1587]" name="Bolivia" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB48507FEEAF9E0FE0AF9A8" box="[324,453,1566,1588]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
: Prov. Carrasco, Parque Nacional Carrasco,
<quantity id="416FEABEFFB48507FCD4F9E0FC76F9A8" box="[890,953,1566,1588]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
entrando
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB48507FBB3F9E0FB71F9AF" box="[1053,1214,1566,1588]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">de Monte Punco</collectorName>
a Pajcha, cerca al túnel Hidroeléctrica Ivirizu,
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,
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,
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<elevation id="0DBAA068FFB48507FD31F9BCFD23F9CB" box="[671,748,1602,1623]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</elevation>
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, bosque montano pluvial, ladera empinada,
<date id="F229619BFFB48507FB30F9BCFAC2F9CB" box="[1182,1293,1602,1623]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" value="2019-01-08">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFB48507FB30F9BCFAC2F9CB" box="[1182,1293,1602,1623]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" value="2019-01-08">8 Jan 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FAB7F9BCFF21F9E7" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Zárate 6551 &amp; Bayá</emphasis>
(
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:
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FEF3F998FE6BF9E7" box="[349,420,1638,1659]" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15501" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15501" name="Nacional Forestal Martín Cárdenas" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="Herbarium">BOLV</collectionCode>
!; isotype:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FDADF998FDF8F9E0" box="[515,567,1638,1660]" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15532" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15532" name="Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="Herbarium">LPB</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB48507FF26F954FB41F8AD" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26F954FE55F958" blockId="19.[136,1452,1706,1841]" box="[136,410,1706,1732]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF26F954FEEBF958" bold="true" box="[136,292,1706,1732]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FEECF954FE59F958" box="[322,406,1706,1732]" name="Bolivia" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF13F930FB41F8AD" blockId="19.[136,1452,1706,1841]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF13F930FEE9F974" bold="true" box="[189,294,1742,1768]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Notes:—</emphasis>
This recently described species has the proliferous habit and flowers similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FB36F931FAD3F974" authorityName="Luer &amp; Escobar" authorityYear="1992" box="[1176,1308,1742,1768]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="epibator">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FB36F931FAD3F974" box="[1176,1308,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. epibator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it differs in the longer sepals (5.5–6.0) with slender tails (
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FCBFF90DFCE7F890" box="[785,808,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">vs</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="416FEABEFFB48507FC98F90CFC42F891" box="[822,909,1778,1805]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
and clavate), lip yellowish suffused with purple (
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF3FF8E9FF67F8AC" box="[145,168,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">vs</emphasis>
. lip dark purple) with a prominent erect callus at the base (
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FC90F8E9FC9AF8AC" box="[830,853,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">vs</emphasis>
. lacking a tall basal callus).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF26FBB8FF52FBFC" bold="true" box="[136,157,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">3.</emphasis>
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Luer &amp; Hirtz (1992: 18‒19)
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. (Fig. 12D)
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, epiphytic in forest east of
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!).
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF26FB04FEEBFA88" bold="true" box="[136,292,1274,1300]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Distribution:</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF13FAE0FEE9FAA4" bold="true" box="[189,294,1310,1336]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species is frequently misidentified as
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FCA1FAE1FC66FAA4" box="[783,937,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. fimbriatus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FB08FAE1FA8EFAA4" box="[1190,1345,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. antennifer</emphasis>
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has nonprolific ramicauls (
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FECBFABDFE4BFAC0" box="[357,388,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">vs.</emphasis>
prolific ones), a lip with a conspicuous longitudinal pair of apical keels and conspicuously dentate midlobe margins (
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FE03FA99FE04FA1C" box="[429,459,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">vs.</emphasis>
lip with a longitudinal pair of low keels in the middle and a midlobe minutely dentate at the apex, frequently apiculate).
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<mods:classification id="416111D963E4E4990AD56275833804BD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4EB686DDDF21798A03C7DFEFB0C4087D" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.507.3.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B4CA96D670D5A21587A3436BB99ED8BC" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BFCA567BEC8D3FB8BFDB8B6C3A5E3956" type="Zenodo-Dep">5425729</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0E3EF64DFFB48507FF26FEF4FC88FB84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5484771" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5484771" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB48507FF26FEF4FC88FB84" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E3EF64DFFB48507FF26FEF4FC88FB84" lastPageNumber="230" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB48507FF26FEF4FCA2FEB8" box="[136,877,266,293]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FEF4FCA2FEB8" blockId="19.[136,877,266,293]" box="[136,877,266,293]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<heading id="DD60F037FFB48507FF26FEF4FCA2FEB8" box="[136,877,266,293]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF26FEF4FF52FEB8" bold="true" box="[136,157,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FF6AFEF4FD04FEB9" ID-CoL="456JP" authority="(Lindl.) Luer (1982 a: 35)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Lindley" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[196,715,266,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF6AFEF4FE69FEB8" bold="true" box="[196,422,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Myoxanthus affinis</emphasis>
(Lindl.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB48507FDA5FEF5FD04FEB9" author="Luer, C. A." box="[523,715,266,293]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 35)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 12A–C)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB48507FF26FEA8FD4CFEF0" box="[136,643,342,364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FEA8FD4CFEF0" blockId="19.[136,1451,342,616]" box="[136,643,342,364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FF58FEA8FDB0FEF0" ID-CoL="7XYLM" authority="Lindley (1836: 354)" authorityName="Lindley" authorityPageNumber="354" authorityYear="1836" box="[246,639,342,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF58FEA8FE7AFEF7" box="[246,437,342,363]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Pleurothallis affinis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB48507FE15FEA8FDB0FEF0" author="Lindley, J." box="[443,639,342,364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" pagination="353 - 357" refId="ref28993" refString="Lindley, J. (1836) Notes upon some genera and species of American Orchidaceae. Companion to the Botanical Magazine 2: 353 - 357." type="journal article" year="1836">Lindley (1836: 354)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB48507FF26FE84FBE3FDBC" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FE84FB02FE0C" blockId="19.[136,1451,342,616]" box="[136,1229,378,400]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB48507FF26FE84FB6FFE0C" box="[136,1184,378,400]" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Peru" location="Mathews" municipality="Province of Chachapoyas" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="San Martin" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FF26FE84FF08FE13" box="[136,199,378,399]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FF4DFE84FEECFE13" box="[227,291,378,399]" name="Peru" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">PERU</collectingCountry>
. Dept. of
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB48507FE2FFE84FE3FFE0C" box="[385,496,378,400]" country="Peru" name="San Martin" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">San Martín</collectingRegion>
: lithophytic,
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFB48507FDC3FE84FCABFE0C" box="[621,868,378,400]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Province of Chachapoyas</collectingMunicipality>
, 1835,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FC04FE84FBF8FE13" box="[938,1079,378,399]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<location id="83481180FFB48507FC04FE84FBCEFE13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB48507FF26FEF4FC88FB84:83481180FFB48507FC04FE84FBCEFE13" box="[938,1025,378,399]" country="Peru" municipality="Province of Chachapoyas" name="Mathews" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="San Martin">Mathews</location>
1899
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB48507FBEDFE84FB53FE0C" box="[1091,1180,378,400]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FB0BFE84FB73FE0C" box="[1189,1212,378,400]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FE60FC02FE2F" blockId="19.[136,1451,342,616]" box="[136,973,414,436]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
Homotypic synonym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FEF1FE60FCD4FE28" authority="(Lindl.) Kuntze (1891: 667)" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityPageNumber="667" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[351,795,414,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FEF1FE60FDC8FE2F" box="[351,519,414,435]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Humboltia affinis</emphasis>
(Lindl.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB48507FDF3FE60FCD4FE28" author="Kuntze, O." box="[605,795,414,436]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" refId="ref28934" refString="Kuntze, O. (1891) Revisio generum plantarum, 2. Felix, Leipzig, 1011 pp." type="book" year="1891">Kuntze (1891: 667)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as “
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FCE4FE60FC72FE2F" box="[842,957,414,435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Humboldtia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FCE4FE60FC72FE2F" box="[842,957,414,435]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Humboldtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FE3CFE84FE67" blockId="19.[136,1451,342,616]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
Heterotypic synonyms:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FED9FE3CFCBAFE44" authority="Reichenbach (1855 b: 224)" authorityName="Reichenbach" authorityPageNumber="224" authorityYear="1855" box="[375,885,450,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FED9FE3CFD90FE4B" box="[375,607,450,471]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Pleurothallis rigidifolia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB48507FDC4FE3CFCBAFE44" author="Reichenbach, H." box="[618,885,450,472]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" pagination="212 - 236" refId="ref31209" refString="Reichenbach, H. (1855 b) Symbolae Orchidaceae. Bonplandia 3: 212 - 236." type="journal article" year="1855">Reichenbach (1855b: 224)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FC2DFE3CFB9AFE4B" box="[899,1109,450,471]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FC2DFE3CFB9AFE4B" box="[899,1109,450,471]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Humboltia rigidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Rchb.f.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB48507FB6FFE3CFA46FE44" author="Kuntze, O." box="[1217,1417,450,472]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" refId="ref28934" refString="Kuntze, O. (1891) Revisio generum plantarum, 2. Felix, Leipzig, 1011 pp." type="book" year="1891">Kuntze (1891: 668)</bibRefCitation>
, as “
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FF66FE18FEF4FE67" box="[200,315,486,507]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Humboldtia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF66FE18FEF4FE67" box="[200,315,486,507]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Humboldtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FDF4FBE3FDBC" blockId="19.[136,1451,342,616]" box="[136,1068,522,544]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB48507FF26FDF4FBCFFDBC" box="[136,1024,522,544]" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Peru" location="Mathews" municipality="Chachapoyas" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="San Martin" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FF26FDF4FF08FD83" box="[136,199,522,543]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FF4DFDF4FEECFD83" box="[227,291,522,543]" name="Peru" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">PERU</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB48507FE82FDF4FE54FDBC" box="[300,411,522,544]" country="Peru" name="San Martin" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">San Martín</collectingRegion>
: lithophytic near
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFB48507FDEFFDF4FD0CFDBC" box="[577,707,522,544]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Chachapoyas</collectingMunicipality>
, 1840,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FCA7FDF4FC59FD83" box="[777,918,522,543]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<location id="83481180FFB48507FCA7FDF4FCAFFD83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB48507FF26FEF4FC88FB84:83481180FFB48507FCA7FDF4FCAFFD83" box="[777,864,522,543]" country="Peru" municipality="Chachapoyas" name="Mathews" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="San Martin">Mathews</location>
3187
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB48507FC0DFDF4FC33FDBC" box="[931,1020,522,544]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FBABFDF4FBD3FDBC" box="[1029,1052,522,544]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB48507FF26FDD0FD04FDD8" box="[136,715,558,580]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FDD0FD04FDD8" blockId="19.[136,1451,342,616]" box="[136,715,558,580]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A6876075FFB48507FF26FDD0FD04FDD8" box="[136,715,558,580]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<treatmentCitation id="0736614AFFB48507FF26FDD0FD08FDD8" author="Kraenzlin, F. W. L." box="[136,711,558,580]" page=")" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" year="1899">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FF26FDD0FD08FDD8" ID-CoL="7XZ8R" authority="Lehmann &amp; Kraenzlin (1899: 441)" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Kraenzlin" authorityPageNumber="441" authorityYear="1899" box="[136,711,558,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="furfuracea">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF26FDD0FEBFFDDF" box="[136,368,558,579]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Pleurothallis furfuracea</emphasis>
Lehmann &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB48507FE41FDD0FD08FDD8" author="Kraenzlin, F. W. L." box="[495,711,558,580]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" pagination="437 - 502" refId="ref28725" refString="Kraenzlin, F. W. L. (1899) Orchidaceae Lehmannianae in Guatemala, Costarica [sic], Columbia [sic] et Ecuador collectae, quas determinavit et descripsit. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik 26: 437 - 502." type="journal article" year="1899">Kraenzlin (1899: 441)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB48507FF26FDACFB21FDF4" box="[136,1262,594,616]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FDACFB21FDF4" blockId="19.[136,1451,342,616]" box="[136,1262,594,616]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB48507FF26FDACFBD6FDF4" box="[136,1049,594,616]" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Ecuador" county="Andes" location="Lehmann" municipality="Sigsig" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FF26FDACFF09FDFB" box="[136,198,594,615]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FF4CFDACFE95FDFB" box="[226,346,594,615]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB48507FECDFDACFDC2FDF4" box="[355,525,594,616]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Morona Santiago</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="6F493FD7FFB48507FDBAFDACFD9EFDF4" box="[532,593,594,616]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Andes</collectingCounty>
east of
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFB48507FD33FDACFD14FDF4" box="[669,731,594,616]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Sigsig</collectingMunicipality>
, 1887,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FC8FFDACFCB5FDFB" box="[801,890,594,615]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<location id="83481180FFB48507FC8FFDACFCB5FDFB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB48507FF26FEF4FC88FB84:83481180FFB48507FC8FFDACFCB5FDFB" box="[801,890,594,615]" country="Ecuador" county="Andes" municipality="Sigsig" name="Lehmann" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">Lehmann</location>
</emphasis>
6511 (
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB48507FC12FDACFBDAFDF4" box="[956,1045,594,616]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FBB0FDACFBF9FDFB" box="[1054,1078,594,615]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!; isotype:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB48507FB3AFDACFB10FDF4" box="[1172,1247,594,616]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" name="Harvard University - Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="Herbarium">AMES</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB48507FF26FD68FC88FB84" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FD68FCBDFD2C" blockId="19.[136,1452,662,1049]" box="[136,882,662,689]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF26FD68FE8FFD2C" bold="true" box="[136,320,662,688]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Distribution:—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FEEEFD68FE73FD2C" box="[320,444,662,688]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FE66FD68FDF6FD2C" box="[456,569,662,688]" name="Colombia" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FDEAFD68FD6CFD2C" box="[580,675,662,688]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FD00FD69FD2EFD2D" box="[686,737,663,689]" name="Peru" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FCB6FD68FCA1FD2C" box="[792,878,662,688]" name="Bolivia" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF13FD44FC88FB84" blockId="19.[136,1452,662,1049]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF13FD44FEE9FD48" bold="true" box="[189,294,698,724]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Notes:—</emphasis>
The illustration of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FDAEFD45FDA0FD48" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[512,623,698,724]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FDAEFD45FDA0FD48" box="[512,623,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB48507FD37FD45FCECFD48" author="Luer, C. A." box="[665,803,698,725]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
based on a plant collected in
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FB2BFD44FB2DFD48" box="[1157,1250,698,724]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
is similar to that presented here in Fig. 12A, also from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FD91FD20FD50FD64" box="[575,671,734,760]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. However, the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB48507FCE5FD21FCB4FD65" box="[843,891,735,761]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FC0AFD21FBDEFD64" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[932,1041,734,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FC0AFD21FBDEFD64" box="[932,1041,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected in
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FB75FD21FADDFD65" box="[1243,1298,735,761]" name="Peru" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Peru</collectingCountry>
. As indicated by Luer and demonstrated by several of his sketches at SEL, this species is highly variable. The material of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FAEEFCFDFA64FC80" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[1344,1451,770,796]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FAEEFCFDFA64FC80" box="[1344,1451,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recently described and illustrated from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FDEDFCD8FD72FCDC" box="[579,701,806,832]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB48507FD62FCD8FBAEFCDC" author="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P." box="[716,1121,806,833]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" pagination="203 - 214" refId="ref31389" refString="Rojas-Alvarado, G. &amp; Karremans, A. P. (2017) Additions to the Costa Rican Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae). Lankesteriana 17: 203 - 214. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / lank. v 17 i 2.29933" type="journal article" year="2017">Rojas-Alvarado &amp; Karremans 2017</bibRefCitation>
) is clearly similar to some of Luer’s drawing of this species, but also similar to some of Luer’s drawings of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FC71FCB5FB96FCF8" authorityName="Luer &amp; Hirtz" authorityYear="1992" box="[991,1113,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dasyllis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FC71FCB5FB96FCF8" box="[991,1113,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. dasyllis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(all at SEL). Some differences between the diverse material are evident, with specimens from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FCECFC90FC74FC14" box="[834,955,878,904]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
being morphologically more consistent with the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB48507FF1EFC6DFF2FFC31" box="[176,224,915,941]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">type</typeStatus>
specimen of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FEDDFC6DFDCBFC30" authorityName="Lehmann &amp; Kraenzlin" authorityYear="1899" box="[371,516,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="furfuracea">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FEDDFC6DFDCBFC30" box="[371,516,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">P. furfuracea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than with that
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FD06FC6DFCDDFC30" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[680,786,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FD06FC6DFCDDFC30" box="[680,786,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is possible that more than one species is currently treated under the name
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FE96FC49FE6CFC4C" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[312,419,950,976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FE96FC49FE6CFC4C" box="[312,419,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but with the available information it is impossible to separate these entities. Specimens from the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB48507FF1FFC25FF2EFC69" box="[177,225,987,1013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FECDFC25FE01FC68" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[355,462,986,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FECDFC25FE01FC68" box="[355,462,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FE5CFC25FDEAFC69" box="[498,549,987,1013]" name="Peru" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FDF3FC25FD17FC68" authorityName="Luer &amp; Hirtz" authorityYear="1992" box="[605,728,986,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dasyllis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FDF3FC25FD17FC68" box="[605,728,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. dasyllis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB48507FD52FC24FC96FC68" box="[764,857,986,1012]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
need to be examined carefully, and a thorough study of the variation of this species across its distribution is needed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

143
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@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
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<mods:title id="720D62090D6DD2D8D52E75F4EF38E91F">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFB58506FF26F8FEFD6BF887" blockId="18.[136,676,1791,1819]" box="[136,676,1791,1819]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">
<heading id="DD60F037FFB58506FF26F8FEFD6BF887" box="[136,676,1791,1819]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB58506FF26F8FEFF51F886" bold="true" box="[136,158,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB58506FF6AF901FD6BF887" ID-CoL="456JN" authority="Luer (2009: 16)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="2009" box="[196,676,1791,1819]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aciculifolius">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB58506FF6AF901FE24F886" bold="true" box="[196,491,1791,1818]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">Myoxanthus aciculifolius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB58506FE5CF8FFFD6BF887" author="Luer, C. A." box="[498,676,1792,1819]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref30080" refString="Luer, C. A. (2009) Miscellaneous new species in Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 30: 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="2009">Luer (2009: 16)</bibRefCitation>
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB58506FF26F8B2FF09F8FD" box="[136,198,1868,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB58506FF4CF8B2FE95F8FD" box="[226,346,1868,1889]" name="Ecuador" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB58506FECAF8B2FE7FF8FD" box="[356,432,1868,1889]" country="Ecuador" name="Guayas" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">Guayas</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB58506FE17F8B2FE32F8FD" box="[441,509,1868,1890]" country="Ecuador" name="El Oro" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">El Oro</collectingRegion>
, Hda. Daucay,
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<elevation id="0DBAA068FFB58506FD3FF8B5FD1FF8FD" box="[657,720,1867,1889]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="F229619BFFB58506FD75F8B2FC98F8FD" box="[731,855,1868,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" value="1944-04-23">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFB58506FD75F8B2FC98F8FD" box="[731,855,1868,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" value="1944-04-23">23 Apr 1944</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB58506FCCFF8B2FC7FF8FD" box="[865,944,1868,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">Cornejo</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB58506FC7EF8B2FBD6F8FD" box="[976,1049,1868,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">Bonifaz</collectorName>
2531
</emphasis>
(
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:
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB58506FB6FF8B2FB1BF8FD" box="[1217,1236,1868,1889]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
, illustration of type in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB58506FF13F88EFEFEF81A" author="Luer, C. A." box="[189,305,1904,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref30080" refString="Luer, C. A. (2009) Miscellaneous new species in Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 30: 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="2009">Luer (2009)</bibRefCitation>
as Fig. 30!).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB58507FF26F84AFF19FF40" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="230" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB58506FF26F84AFE6CF852" blockId="18.[136,1452,1972,2071]" box="[136,419,1972,1998]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB58506FF26F84AFE8FF852" bold="true" box="[136,320,1972,1998]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">Distribution:—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB58506FEEEF84AFE6FF852" box="[320,416,1972,1998]" name="Ecuador" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB58506FF13F826FA63F78B" blockId="18.[136,1452,1972,2071]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB58506FF13F826FEE9F86E" bold="true" box="[189,294,2008,2034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">Notes:—</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB58506FE88F827FE61F86E" author="Luer, C. A." box="[294,430,2008,2035]" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref30080" refString="Luer, C. A. (2009) Miscellaneous new species in Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 30: 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="2009">Luer (2009)</bibRefCitation>
described the narrow, needle-like leaves of this species as unique in the genus. However, similar leaves are now also known to be found in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB58506FD16F803FC8DF78A" authorityName="Pupulin, Bogarin &amp; Fernandez" authorityYear="2010" box="[696,834,2045,2070]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sotoanus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB58506FD16F803FC8DF78A" box="[696,834,2045,2070]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">M. sotoanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described in 2010 (
<figureCitation id="1EAC5BDEFFB58506FB89F802FB4DF78B" box="[1063,1154,2044,2071]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,190,1853]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Leaf variation in Myoxanthus species.A. Myoxanthus cereus. B. M. parahybunensis. C. M. colothrix. D. M. hirsuticaulis. E. M. congestus. F. M. trachychlamys. G. M. sotoanus. H. M. scandens. Scale bar = 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5425743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5425743/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="229">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
). This species is similar to
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB48507FF26FF61FF19FF40" blockId="19.[136,1451,158,220]" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FF26FF61FEDAFF24" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[136,277,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FF26FF61FEDAFF24" box="[136,277,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB48507FEE5FF61FE2BFF24" authorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Rojas-Alv. &amp; Karremans" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[331,484,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="230" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennellius">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB48507FEE5FF61FE2BFF24" box="[331,484,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="230">M. pennellius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
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is distinguished by the long-ciliate margins of the middle lobe of the lip.
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140
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF26FA08FF64F98C" bold="true" box="[136,171,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">33.</emphasis>
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(Fig. 15K)
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—
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF13F954FEE9F958" bold="true" box="[189,294,1706,1732]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Notes:—</emphasis>
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, described from
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, was said to differ from
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFC5BF955FB50F958" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Kraenzlin" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1013,1183,1706,1732]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serripetalus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFC5BF955FB50F958" box="[1013,1183,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. serripetalus</emphasis>
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in the colour of flowers, brownish yellowish
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFEC3F931FE4BF974" box="[365,388,1743,1768]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">vs</emphasis>
. dark-purple, an entire midlobe
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFD5DF931FCDEF974" box="[755,785,1743,1768]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">vs.</emphasis>
fimbriate midlobe and apex of the petals sagittate
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFAFEF931FAA0F974" box="[1360,1391,1743,1768]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">vs.</emphasis>
apex oblong to linear. According to our revision, the linear apex of the petals in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFC78F90DFB4CF890" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Kraenzlin" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[982,1155,1778,1804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serripetalus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFC78F90DFB4CF890" box="[982,1155,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. serripetalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(and dark-purple flowers) appears to be consistent. However, the entire midlobe of the lip in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFCD3F8E9FC20F8AC" authorityName="Kolanowska &amp; Szlachetko" authorityYear="2019" box="[893,1007,1814,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oliviae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFCD3F8E9FC20F8AC" box="[893,1007,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. oliviae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and brownish flowers are inconsistent, but a fimbriate margin may also be found.
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFB8850BFF26FEF4FCC3FEB9" blockId="31.[136,780,266,293]" box="[136,780,266,293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">
<heading id="DD60F037FFB8850BFF26FEF4FCC3FEB9" box="[136,780,266,293]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF26FEF4FF64FEB8" bold="true" box="[136,171,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">30.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFF6AFEF4FD52FEB8" ID-CoL="456KG" authority="Ortiz (1997: 320)" authorityName="Ortiz" authorityPageNumber="320" authorityYear="1997" box="[196,669,266,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF6AFEF4FE00FEB9" bold="true" box="[196,463,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Myoxanthus montanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB8850BFE78FEF4FD52FEB8" author="Ortiz, P." box="[470,669,266,292]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" pagination="314 - 327" refId="ref30330" refString="Ortiz, P. (1997) Orquideas nuevas de Colombia. Orquideologia 20: 314 - 327." type="journal article" year="1997">Ortiz (1997: 320)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig.15I)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB8850BFF26FEA8FADFFEF0" box="[136,1296,342,364]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB8850BFF26FEA8FADFFEF0" blockId="31.[136,1296,342,364]" box="[136,1296,342,364]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB8850BFF26FEA8FB74FEF0" box="[136,1211,342,364]" collectingDate="1977-08" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Colombia" elevation="1750" location="Guayabetal" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB8850BFF26FEA8FF09FEF7" box="[136,198,342,363]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB8850BFF4CFEA8FEA9FEF7" box="[226,358,342,363]" name="Colombia" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB8850BFEC1FEA8FE30FEF0" box="[367,511,342,364]" country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="83481180FFB8850BFDA9FEA8FDB8FEF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB8850BFF26FEF4FB8BFC14:83481180FFB8850BFDA9FEA8FDB8FEF0" box="[519,631,342,364]" country="Colombia" name="Guayabetal" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Guayabetal</location>
, “Monterredondo”,
<quantity id="416FEABEFFB8850BFC99FEA8FC4DFEF7" box="[823,898,342,364]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" unit="m" value="1750.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FFB8850BFC99FEA8FC4DFEF7" box="[823,898,342,364]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" unit="m" value="1750.0">1750 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
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<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFB8850BFC25FEA8FC23FEF7" box="[907,1004,342,363]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" value="1977-08">Aug 1977</collectingDate>
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,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFC58FEA8FB9EFEF7" box="[1014,1105,342,363]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Ortiz 937</emphasis>
(
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:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB8850BFB6EFEA8FACDFEF0" box="[1216,1282,342,364]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15382" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15382" name="Pontificia Universidad Javeriana" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" type="Herbarium">HPUJ</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB8850BFF26FE64FB8BFC14" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB8850BFF26FE64FE79FE28" blockId="31.[136,1451,410,581]" box="[136,438,410,436]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF26FE64FEEBFE28" bold="true" box="[136,292,410,436]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB8850BFEEFFE64FE7DFE28" box="[321,434,410,436]" name="Colombia" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB8850BFF13FE40FE76FDBC" blockId="31.[136,1451,410,581]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF13FE40FEE9FE44" bold="true" box="[189,294,446,472]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Notes:—</emphasis>
The proliferous habit of this species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFCCFFE41FC05FE44" authorityName=", Schlechter" authorityYear="1912" box="[865,970,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFCCFFE41FC05FE44" box="[865,970,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. frutex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFBA8FE41FBAEFE44" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer &amp; R. Vasquez" box="[1030,1121,447,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gyas">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFBA8FE41FBAEFE44" box="[1030,1121,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. gyas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFB31FE41FAFBFE44" authorityName="Ortiz" authorityYear="1997" box="[1183,1332,447,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFB31FE41FAFBFE44" box="[1183,1332,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by bearing congested white flowers with a pubescent floral bract covering the base of the perianth and lateral sepals connate to near the middle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB8850BFF26FDD4FD1DFDD9" blockId="31.[136,1451,410,581]" box="[136,722,554,581]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF26FDD4FF64FDD8" bold="true" box="[136,171,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">31.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFF6AFDD4FD1DFDD9" authority="Luer &amp; Dodson (1992: 62)" authorityName="Luer &amp; Dodson" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1992" box="[196,722,554,581]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neillii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF6AFDD4FE50FDD9" bold="true" box="[196,415,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Myoxanthus neillii</emphasis>
Luer &amp; Dodson (1992: 62)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB8850BFF26FD88FE22FD48" blockId="31.[136,1452,630,724]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB8850BFF26FD88FCF5FD2C" collectingDate="1986-10-03" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="D. Neill &amp; Dodson" country="Ecuador" elevation="200" location="Rio Palenque Science Center" municipality="Coca" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB8850BFF26FD88FF09FD17" box="[136,198,630,651]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB8850BFF4CFD88FE95FD17" box="[226,346,630,651]" name="Ecuador" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB8850BFECBFD88FE52FD17" box="[357,413,630,651]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Napo</collectingRegion>
: near
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFB8850BFE76FD88FDC3FD17" box="[472,524,630,651]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Coca</collectingMunicipality>
,
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, epiphytic in large fallen tree, collected by
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB8850BFBA8FD88FB97FD10" box="[1030,1112,630,652]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">D. Neill</collectorName>
, flowered in cultivation at the
<location id="83481180FFB8850BFA27FD88FE7CFD33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB8850BFF26FEF4FB8BFC14:83481180FFB8850BFA27FD88FE7CFD33" country="Ecuador" municipality="Coca" name="Rio Palenque Science Center" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" stateProvince="Napo">Río Palenque Science Center</location>
,
<date id="F229619BFFB8850BFE11FD64FDFEFD2C" box="[447,561,666,688]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" value="1986-10-03">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFB8850BFE11FD64FDFEFD2C" box="[447,561,666,688]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" value="1986-10-03">3 Oct 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB8850BFD90FD64FD46FD33" box="[574,649,666,687]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Dodson</collectorName>
16621
</emphasis>
(
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:
</materialsCitation>
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB8850BFCECFD64FCA4FD33" box="[834,875,666,687]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, not located,
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB8850BFC5CFD64FB83FD2C" box="[1010,1100,666,688]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, here designated, illustration of the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB8850BFF13FD40FEDEFD48" box="[189,273,702,724]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB8850BFE9EFD40FE50FD4F" author="Luer, C. A." box="[304,415,702,723]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer (1992</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 25).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB8850BFF26FCFCFDC1FC81" blockId="31.[136,1451,770,905]" box="[136,526,770,797]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF26FCFCFEEBFC80" bold="true" box="[136,292,770,796]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB8850BFEEEFCFCFE52FC80" box="[320,413,770,796]" name="Ecuador" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB8850BFE7DFCFDFDC5FC81" box="[467,522,771,797]" name="Peru" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB8850BFF13FCD8FB8BFC14" blockId="31.[136,1451,770,905]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFF13FCD8FEE9FCDC" bold="true" box="[189,294,806,832]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFDEEFCD9FD64FCDC" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[576,683,806,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFDEEFCD9FD64FCDC" box="[576,683,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFD4FFCD9FC78FCDC" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[737,951,806,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parahybunensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFD4FFCD9FC78FCDC" box="[737,951,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. parahybunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFC41FCD9FB9AFCDC" authorityName="Luer &amp; Dodson" authorityYear="1992" box="[1007,1109,806,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neillii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFC41FCD9FB9AFCDC" box="[1007,1109,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. neillii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from these by its small flowers with sepals only
<quantity id="416FEABEFFB8850BFDA6FCB4FDAAFCF9" box="[520,613,842,869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
long, oblong petals not narrowed above the middle and column with teeth at the apex. Since the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB8850BFED0FC90FE2FFC14" box="[382,480,878,904]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
at MO was not located, a
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB8850BFCA8FC90FCA2FC14" box="[774,877,878,904]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
is designated here.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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147
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(Fig. 15L)
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Valle del
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del Chunga. ca.
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,
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–photos!,
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–drawing!).
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—
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FF13FF3CFEE9FF40" bold="true" box="[189,294,194,220]" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">Notes:—</emphasis>
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is similar to
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FD17FF3DFCFBFF40" box="[697,820,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">M. priapus</emphasis>
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; they share the purple-yellow flowers covered abaxially with short trichomes, lateral sepals forming a suborbicular synsepal, petals yellowish purple-stripped, obovate to oblong basally, then contracted, and lip with a thick, erect basal callus. However, the former is distinguished by its narrower petal apex forming a slender tail
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FDC7FED1FD4FFED4" box="[617,640,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">vs</emphasis>
. apex narrow not forming a slender tail, and a scarcely trilobed lip with rounded lateral lobes below the middle
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FF878534FDEDFEADFD95FEF0" box="[579,602,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="243">vs</emphasis>
. lip oblong with small acute lateral lobes near the middle.
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<heading id="DD60F037FFB9850AFF26FB94FCF7FB19" box="[136,824,1130,1157]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF26FB94FF64FB18" bold="true" box="[136,171,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">28.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF6AFB94FE6BFB19" bold="true" box="[196,420,1130,1157]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus merae</emphasis>
(Luer)
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</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 15E)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF58FB48FE7AFB57" box="[246,437,1206,1227]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Pleurothallis merae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB9850AFE14FB48FDA2FB50" author="Luer, C. A." box="[442,621,1206,1228]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" pagination="38 - 201" refId="ref29250" refString="Luer, C. A. (1976 b) Miscellaneous species of Pleurothallis. Selbyana 3: 38 - 201." type="journal article" year="1976">Luer (1976b: 144)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB9850AFF26FB24FB0BFB6C" box="[136,1220,1242,1264]" collectingDate="1976-03-20" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Ecuador" elevation="1000" location="Mera" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pastaza" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB9850AFF26FB24FF09FB73" box="[136,198,1242,1263]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
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.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB9850AFECDFB24FE60FB73" box="[355,431,1242,1263]" country="Ecuador" name="Pastaza" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Pastaza</collectingRegion>
: epiphytic in forest east of
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,
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,
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,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFC63FB24FB95FB73" box="[973,1114,1242,1263]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Luer et al. 682</emphasis>
(
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:
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!).
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB9850AFF26FAE0FCFFF9E1" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF26FAE0FDC1FAA5" blockId="30.[136,1452,1310,1661]" box="[136,526,1310,1337]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF26FAE0FEEBFAA4" bold="true" box="[136,292,1310,1336]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFEEEFAE0FE52FAA4" box="[320,413,1310,1336]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and
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.
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF13FABCFCFFF9E1" blockId="30.[136,1452,1310,1661]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF13FABCFEE9FAC0" bold="true" box="[189,294,1346,1372]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFE88FABCFE35FAC0" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[294,506,1346,1372]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="merae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFE88FABCFE35FAC0" box="[294,506,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus merae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a small, caespitose species with slender ramicauls and narrow leaves and producing successive single flowers. It can be recognized by the yellowish flowers with the red to yellowish sepals that are pubescent externally, basally ovate petals then narrower with revolute margins, a red-brownish elliptical, oblong lip, weakly trilobed, with lateral lobes erect below the middle, disc with a pair of longitudinal calli near the centre and a pair of small auricles at its truncate base.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFDFDFA2CFCA6FA70" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" box="[595,873,1490,1516]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplicaulis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFDFDFA2CFCA6FA70" box="[595,873,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus simplicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFC02FA2CFBD0FA70" box="[940,1055,1490,1516]" name="Venezuela" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFBFAFA2CFB64FA70" box="[1108,1195,1490,1516]" name="Guyana" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Guyana</collectingCountry>
has a similar habit and flowers. However, the latter has wider petals with a more pronounced, narrow, thick apical section, more pronounced, oblique lateral lobes of the lip and a pair of longitudinal calli emerging below the middle that extend to the base.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFF26F9C0FE90F9C4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[136,351,1598,1624]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="merae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF26F9C0FE90F9C4" box="[136,351,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus merae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had been previously recorded only from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFC9CF9C0FC5EF9C4" box="[818,913,1598,1624]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, but the photograph reproduced here (Fig. 15E) is from a plant collected in Tingo María National Park,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFD5BF99DFCE3F9E1" box="[757,812,1635,1661]" name="Peru" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF26FE64FF64FE28" bold="true" box="[136,171,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFF6AFE64FCDBFE28" ID-CoL="456KD" authority="(Schltr.) Luer (1982 a: 47)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[196,788,410,437]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melittanthus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF6AFE64FE22FE29" bold="true" box="[196,493,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus melittanthus</emphasis>
(Schltr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB9850AFDF8FE65FCDBFE28" author="Luer, C. A." box="[598,788,410,437]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 47)</bibRefCitation>
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(Fig. 15D)
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Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFF58FE18FD71FE60" ID-CoL="7XZN9" authority="Schlechter (1924: 49)" authorityName="Schlechter" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1924" box="[246,702,486,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melittantha">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF58FE18FE29FE67" box="[246,486,486,507]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Pleurothallis melittantha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB9850AFE42FE18FD71FE60" author="Schlechter, R." box="[492,702,486,508]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref31655" refString="Schlechter, R. (1924) Beitrage zur Orchideenkunde von Colombia. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis Beihefte 27: 1 - 123." type="journal article" year="1924">Schlechter (1924: 49)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB9850AFF26FDF4FCECFDFB" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF26FDF4FCECFDFB" blockId="30.[136,1452,486,616]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB9850AFF26FDF4FB8FFD83" box="[136,1088,522,544]" collectingDate="1922-01" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Colombia" elevation="3000" location="Pasto" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Narino">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB9850AFF26FDF4FF09FD83" box="[136,198,522,543]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFF4CFDF4FEA9FD83" box="[226,358,522,543]" name="Colombia" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB9850AFEDDFDF4FE76FDBC" box="[371,441,522,544]" country="Colombia" name="Narino" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Nariño</collectingRegion>
: epiphytic,
<quantity id="416FEABEFFB9850AFD9EFDF4FDBEFDBC" box="[560,625,522,544]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
northwest of
<location id="83481180FFB9850AFCAFFDF4FCF8FD83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB9850AFF26FE64FC26FBA0:83481180FFB9850AFCAFFDF4FCF8FD83" box="[769,823,522,543]" country="Colombia" name="Pasto" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" stateProvince="Narino">Pasto</location>
, Daza,
<quantity id="416FEABEFFB9850AFC29FDF4FC19FD83" box="[903,982,522,543]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" unit="m" value="3000.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FFB9850AFC29FDF4FC19FD83" box="[903,982,522,543]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFFB9850AFC4AFDF4FB8FFD83" box="[996,1088,522,543]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" value="1922-01">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFB9850AFC4AFDF4FB8FFD83" box="[996,1088,522,543]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" value="1922-01">Jan 1922</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFBE0FDF4FB7EFD83" box="[1102,1201,522,543]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Hopp 136</emphasis>
(
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:
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB9850AFA86FDF4FCECFDFB" collectingDate="1978-07-27" collectionCode="B" collectorName="Luer &amp; de Barbilla" country="Colombia" elevation="3070" location="Paramo de Barbilla" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cauca" typeStatus="neotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB9850AFA86FDF4FAF5FD83" box="[1320,1338,522,543]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
, destroyed,
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB9850AFF13FDD0FEC6FDDF" box="[189,265,558,579]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
here designated,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFE1CFDD0FD82FDDF" box="[434,589,558,579]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB9850AFE1CFDD0FE10FDDF" box="[434,479,558,579]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Luer</collectorName>
et al. 3023
</emphasis>
, SEL-021582!; isoneotype, SEL-021538!, illustrated in
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB9850AFBC5FDD0FB57FDDF" box="[1131,1176,558,579]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Luer</collectorName>
(1982:
<figureCitation id="1EAC5BDEFFB9850AFB4AFDD0FAD1FDDF" box="[1252,1310,558,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[136,229,1062,1084]" captionTargetBox="[190,1420,283,983]" captionTargetId="figure-24@14.[138,1449,190,1038]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Types of coflorescences in Pleurothallidinae. A. Single-flowered coflorescence type. B. Multi-flowered coflorescence type with simultaneous flowers and long flowering axis. C. Multi-flowered coflorescence with successive flowers and long flowering axis. D. Multi-flowered coflorescence with successive flowers and short flowering axis. Peduncle = red line, indicated by an arrow.Pseudopeduncle = discontinuous line. Black arrows = remain of the axis. Circles = flowers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5425747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5425747/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
; 1992: pl. 22).
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFF13FDACFE8FFDFB" box="[189,320,594,615]" name="Colombia" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB9850AFEE7FDACFE46FDFB" box="[329,393,594,615]" country="Colombia" name="Cauca" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Cauca</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="83481180FFB9850AFE3CFDACFD81FDF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB9850AFF26FE64FC26FBA0:83481180FFB9850AFE3CFDACFD81FDF4" box="[402,590,594,616]" country="Colombia" name="Paramo de Barbilla" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" stateProvince="Cauca">
Páramo
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFB9850AFE4FFDACFD81FDF4" box="[481,590,594,616]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">de Barbilla</collectorName>
</location>
,
<quantity id="416FEABEFFB9850AFDF9FDACFD6DFDFB" box="[599,674,594,615]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.07" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" unit="m" value="3070.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FFB9850AFDF9FDACFD6DFDFB" box="[599,674,594,615]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.07" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" unit="m" value="3070.0">3070 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFFB9850AFD02FDACFCD0FDFB" box="[684,799,594,616]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" value="1978-07-27">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFB9850AFD02FDACFCD0FDFB" box="[684,799,594,616]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" value="1978-07-27">27 Jul 1978</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB9850AFF26FD68FC26FBA0" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF26FD68FD90FD2C" blockId="30.[136,1452,662,1085]" box="[136,607,662,688]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF26FD68FEEBFD2C" bold="true" box="[136,292,662,688]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFEEEFD68FE61FD2C" box="[320,430,662,688]" name="Colombia" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Colombia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFE4AFD68FD94FD2C" box="[484,603,662,688]" name="Venezuela" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF13FD44FF2BFC30" blockId="30.[136,1452,662,1085]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF13FD44FEE9FD48" bold="true" box="[189,294,698,724]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFE88FD44FDF2FD48" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[294,573,698,724]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melittanthus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFE88FD44FDF2FD48" box="[294,573,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus melittanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFD68FD45FCFBFD48" authorityName="Reichenbach" authorityYear="1854" box="[710,820,698,724]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hystrix">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFD68FD45FCFBFD48" box="[710,820,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M.hystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the former differs mainly in petals and column shape. Those of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFF5FFD21FE50FD64" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[241,415,734,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melittanthus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF5FFD21FE50FD64" box="[241,415,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M. melittanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are transversally rhomboid in the lower third with rounded margins, then contracted forming a slender tail with a slightly clavate tip, generally upwardly oriented, whereas those of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFBEAFCFDFB7BFC80" authorityName="Reichenbach" authorityYear="1854" box="[1092,1204,770,796]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hystrix">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFBEAFCFDFB7BFC80" box="[1092,1204,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M. hystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are subcuadrate in the basal half with the margins obtusely angle, then contracted but terete into a yellow apex with a clavate tip downward oriented. The column wings of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFE43FCB5FD51FCF8" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[493,670,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melittanthus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFE43FCB5FD51FCF8" box="[493,670,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M. melittanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are broader, not lobulate, extending from the base to the apex of the column, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFEC2FC91FE11FC14" authorityName="Reichenbach" authorityYear="1854" box="[364,478,878,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hystrix">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFEC2FC91FE11FC14" box="[364,478,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M. hystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the wings are lobulate and rounded, emerging from near the middle to the apex of the column.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF13FC48FC26FBA0" blockId="30.[136,1452,662,1085]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB9850AFF13FC48FC2AFBA0" collectionCode="WWII, A" country="Colombia" location="Luer" municipality="Venezuelan" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
The
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB9850AFF5FFC48FE9CFC4C" box="[241,339,950,976]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of this species was probably destroyed during the
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB9850AFC3FFC49FC13FC4D" box="[913,988,951,977]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">WWII</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB9850AFC48FC48FC36FC4C" box="[998,1017,950,976]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFB9850AFBAFFC49FB95FC4D" box="[1025,1114,951,977]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
is designated here based on a collection by
<location id="83481180FFB9850AFEB1FC25FE9BFC69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFB9850AFF26FE64FC26FBA0:83481180FFB9850AFEB1FC25FE9BFC69" box="[287,340,987,1013]" country="Colombia" municipality="Venezuelan" name="Luer" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Luer</location>
near the type locality because no material associated with the protologue has been found.
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB9850AFA90FC24FE91FB84" author="Carnevali, G &amp; Ramirez, I." pageId="30" pageNumber="241" pagination="7 - 12" refId="ref27712" refString="Carnevali, G &amp; Ramirez, I. (1988 - 1989) Orchidaceae nuevas o interesantes para la flora de Venezuela (VI). Dos nuevos reportes del genero Myoxanthus Poepp. et Endlch. Acta Botanica Venezuelica 15 (3 / 4): 7 - 12." type="journal article" year="1988">Carnevali and Ramírez (1988</bibRefCitation>
–1989) mentioned that
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFB9850AFDCFFC00FD2DFB84" box="[609,738,1022,1048]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Venezuelan</collectingMunicipality>
plants of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFCFEFC01FC30FB84" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[848,1023,1022,1048]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melittanthus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFCFEFC01FC30FB84" box="[848,1023,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M. melittanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from those in
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFB48FC00FA9BFB84" box="[1254,1364,1022,1048]" name="Colombia" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Colombia</collectingCountry>
in their slightly smaller flowers and glabrescent sepals that are verruculose adaxially
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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185
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<heading id="DD60F037FFB9850AFF26F954FBCCF959" box="[136,1027,1706,1733]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF26F954FF64F958" bold="true" box="[136,171,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">29.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFF6AF954FCAAF959" ID-CoL="456KF" authority="Poeppig &amp; Endlicher (1865: 50)" authorityName="Poeppig &amp; Endlicher" authorityPageNumber="50" authorityYear="1865" box="[196,869,1706,1733]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF6AF954FE3EF959" bold="true" box="[196,497,1706,1733]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus monophyllus</emphasis>
Poeppig &amp; Endlicher (1865: 50)
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 15F–H)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB9850AFF26F908FC99F8B3" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="description">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF26F908FC99F8B3" blockId="30.[136,1451,1782,1876]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
Homotypic synonyms:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFEC7F908FD88F897" box="[361,583,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Pleurothallis poeppigii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB9850AFDE3F908FCDDF890" author="Lindley, J." box="[589,786,1782,1804]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" pagination="353 - 357" refId="ref28993" refString="Lindley, J. (1836) Notes upon some genera and species of American Orchidaceae. Companion to the Botanical Magazine 2: 353 - 357." type="journal article" year="1836">Lindley (1836: 354)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFCB5F908FC2CF897" box="[795,995,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Humboltia poeppigii</emphasis>
(Lindl.)
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</taxonomicName>
, as “
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFA86F908FA54F897" box="[1320,1435,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Humboldtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFF13F8E4FD58F8AC" authority="Schlechter (1921: 141)" authorityName="Schlechter" authorityPageNumber="141" authorityYear="1921" box="[189,663,1818,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="myoxanthus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF13F8E4FE7CF8B3" box="[189,435,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Pleurothallis myoxanthus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB9850AFE16F8E4FD58F8AC" author="Schlechter, R." box="[440,663,1818,1840]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" pagination="1 - 182" refId="ref31583" refString="Schlechter, R. (1921) Die Orchideenfloren der sudamerikanischen Kordillerenstaaten, IV, Peru. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis Beihefte 9: 1 - 182." type="journal article" year="1921">Schlechter (1921: 141)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFD0EF8E4FC99F8B3" box="[672,854,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">nom. illeg. superfl.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF26F8C0FA9EF8C8" blockId="30.[136,1451,1782,1876]" box="[136,1361,1854,1876]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFB9850AFF26F8C0FC3DF8CF" box="[136,1010,1854,1876]" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Peru" county="Casapi" location="Poeppig" municipality="Feb" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Huanuco">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB9850AFF26F8C0FF08F8CF" box="[136,199,1854,1875]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFF4DF8C0FEECF8CF" box="[227,291,1854,1875]" name="Peru" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">PERU</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFB9850AFE82F8C0FE49F8CF" box="[300,390,1854,1875]" country="Peru" name="Huanuco" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Huanuco</collectingRegion>
: common and epiphytic in the forests near
<collectingCounty id="6F493FD7FFB9850AFC8DF8C0FCA8F8C8" box="[803,871,1854,1876]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Casapi</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFB9850AFCDEF8C0FC59F8C8" box="[880,918,1854,1876]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Feb</collectingMunicipality>
,
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFC0EF8C0FC3DF8CF" box="[928,1010,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Poeppig</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFC5CF8C0FC39F8CF" box="[1010,1014,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">,</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFC52F8C0FBF1F8CF" box="[1020,1086,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB9850AFC52F8C0FBC4F8CF" box="[1020,1035,1854,1875]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
.1743
</emphasis>
(
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:
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!; isotype:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFB9850AFA87F8C0FA8FF8C8" box="[1321,1344,1854,1876]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB9850BFF26F87CFD28FF40" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF26F87CFD44F801" blockId="30.[136,1452,1922,2093]" box="[136,651,1922,1949]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF26F87CFEEBF800" bold="true" box="[136,292,1922,1948]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFEEFF87CFE7EF800" box="[321,433,1922,1948]" name="Colombia" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFE12F87CFDD6F800" box="[444,537,1922,1948]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFDFEF87DFD48F801" box="[592,647,1923,1949]" name="Peru" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF13F858FA63F7B0" blockId="30.[136,1452,1922,2093]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF13F858FEE9F85C" bold="true" box="[189,294,1958,1984]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFE88F858FD8CF85C" authorityName="Poeppig &amp; Endlicher" authorityYear="1865" box="[294,579,1958,1984]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFE88F858FD8CF85C" box="[294,579,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus monophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by its multiple congested flowers with long narrow sepals and petals and pubescent floral bract covering the pedicel, ovary and base of the perianth.
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFB9850AFBE3F834FAEAF879" author="Christenson, E. A." box="[1101,1317,1994,2021]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" pagination="31 - 43" refId="ref27936" refString="Christenson, E. A. (1995) Type specimens of Orchidaceae conserved at the Komarov Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia (LE). Brittonia 47: 31 - 43. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2807246" type="journal article" year="1995">Christenson (1995)</bibRefCitation>
reported an isotype of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFF51F811FE7BF794" authorityName="Poeppig &amp; Endlicher" authorityYear="1865" box="[255,436,2030,2056]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF51F811FE7BF794" box="[255,436,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M. monophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at LE, which we have not seen.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFC8BF810FBCAF794" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1983" box="[805,1029,2030,2056]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gorgon">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFC8BF810FBCAF794" box="[805,1029,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus gorgon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar but with a shorter, reflexed perianth (see comments under
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFE4CF7EDFD98F7B0" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1983" box="[482,599,2067,2092]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gorgon">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFE4CF7EDFD98F7B0" box="[482,599,2067,2092]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M. gorgon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for a comparison).
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFC9BF7ECFB4CF7B0" authority="Lindl." authorityName="Lindley" authorityYear="1836" box="[821,1155,2066,2092]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="poeppigii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFC9BF7ECFBF7F7B0" box="[821,1080,2066,2092]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Pleurothallis poeppigii</emphasis>
Lindl.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFB14F7EDFA63F7B0" authority="Schltr." authorityName="Schlechter" authorityYear="1921" box="[1210,1452,2066,2092]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="myoxanthus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFB14F7EDFA93F7B0" box="[1210,1372,2066,2092]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">P. myoxanthus</emphasis>
Schltr.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB8850BFF26FF61FD28FF40" blockId="31.[136,1451,158,221]" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">
are replacement names based on
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB8850BFDA6FF61FD0FFF24" authorityName="Poeppig &amp; Endlicher" authorityYear="1865" box="[520,704,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB8850BFDA6FF61FD0FFF24" box="[520,704,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="242">M. monophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as clearly stated by their respective authors. The two names are therefore homotypic synonyms, the latter superfluous.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<treatment id="0E3EF64DFFBB8508FF26FB70FB18F8C8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5484813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5484813" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFBB8508FF26FB70FB18F8C8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E3EF64DFFBB8508FF26FB70FB18F8C8" lastPageNumber="239" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBB8508FF26FB70FC14FB35" box="[136,987,1165,1193]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF26FB70FC14FB35" blockId="28.[136,987,1165,1193]" box="[136,987,1165,1193]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<heading id="DD60F037FFBB8508FF26FB70FC14FB35" box="[136,987,1165,1193]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF26FB70FF63FB34" bold="true" box="[136,172,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FF6AFB73FC93FB34" ID-CoL="456KB" authority="(Barb. Rodr.) Luer (1982 a: 43)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[196,860,1165,1193]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF6AFB73FE30FB34" bold="true" box="[196,511,1165,1192]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Myoxanthus lonchophyllus</emphasis>
(Barb.Rodr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBB8508FD35FB70FC93FB34" author="Luer, C. A." box="[667,860,1166,1192]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 43)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 15C)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBB8508FF26FB27FCCCFB73" box="[136,771,1241,1263]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF26FB27FCCCFB73" blockId="28.[136,1452,1241,1551]" box="[136,771,1241,1263]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FF58FB24FD30FB73" ID-CoL="7Y4T6" authority="Barbosa Rodrigues (1877: 35)" authorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1877" box="[246,767,1241,1263]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Restrepia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophylla">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF58FB24FE1BFB72" box="[246,468,1241,1263]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Restrepia lonchophylla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBB8508FE74FB27FD30FB73" author="Barbosa Rodrigues, J." box="[474,767,1241,1263]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" refId="ref27478" refString="Barbosa Rodrigues, J. (1877) Genera et species orchidearum novarum I. Fleiuss, Rio de Janeiro, 209 pp." type="book" year="1877">Barbosa Rodrigues (1877: 35)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBB8508FF26FB00FBFCF993" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF26FB00FD3DFAE3" blockId="28.[136,1452,1241,1551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBB8508FF26FB00FA64FAC7" collectionCode="TYPE, II" collectorName="Minas Geraes &amp; Les &amp; de Caldas &amp; Feb &amp; Barbosa Rodrigues" country="Brazil" location="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBB8508FF26FB00FF08FA8F" box="[136,199,1278,1299]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBB8508FF4DFB00FEF2FA8F" box="[227,317,1278,1299]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBB8508FEE9FB03FE1FFA8E" box="[327,464,1277,1299]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Minas Geraes</collectorName>
:
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBB8508FE74FB00FE32FA8F" box="[474,509,1278,1299]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Les</collectorName>
capoes des champs de la serra
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBB8508FC9FFB03FC5CFA8F" box="[817,915,1277,1299]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">de Caldas</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBB8508FC33FB03FC0CFA8F" box="[925,963,1277,1299]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Feb</collectorName>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FC61FB03FB7CFA8F" box="[975,1203,1277,1299]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBB8508FC61FB03FB45FA8E" box="[975,1162,1277,1298]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Barbosa Rodrigues</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBB8508FB6EFB03FAD6FA8F" box="[1216,1305,1277,1299]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: lost,
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBB8508FAFDFB03FA64FA8F" box="[1363,1451,1277,1299]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
here designated, tab. 130, in Iconogr. Orchid. Bresil, vol. 3, at the Library of
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFBB8508FC15FADFFB86FAAB" box="[955,1097,1313,1335]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
Botanical Garden, cited as tab. 436 (unpublished) in Barbosa Rodrigues. (1877: 35); copied and reproduced in black and white in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBB8508FBCCFABBFACCFAC7" author="Cogniaux, A." box="[1122,1283,1349,1371]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" refId="ref27981" refString="Cogniaux, A. (1896) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C. F. P., Eichler, A. G. &amp; Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 3. Regia, Munich, 672 pp." type="book" year="1896">Cogniaux (1896</bibRefCitation>
: tab. 117, fig.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBB8508FA3DFAB8FA6BFAC7" box="[1427,1444,1350,1371]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">II</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
reproduced in colour in
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBB8508FE0AFA97FDBDFAE3" author="Sprunger, S. &amp; Cribb, P. &amp; Toscano de Brito, A." box="[420,626,1385,1407]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" refId="ref31860" refString="Sprunger, S., Cribb, P. &amp; Toscano de Brito, A. (1996) Joao Barbosa Rodrigues Iconographie des Orchidees du Bresil. Reinhardt, Basel." type="book" year="1996">
Sprunger
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FDACFA94FDE3FAE2" box="[514,556,1385,1407]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">et al</emphasis>
. (1996
</bibRefCitation>
, vol. 1: 189).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF26FA73FB44FA5A" blockId="28.[136,1452,1241,1551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
Homotypic synonyms:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FEC6FA73FBE6FA3F" authority="(Barb. Rodr.) Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 39)" authorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1882" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[360,1065,1421,1443]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Chaetocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophylla">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FEC6FA73FDB2FA3E" box="[360,637,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Chaetocephala lonchophylla</emphasis>
(Barb.Rodr.) Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 39)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FB9CFA73FB2AFA3E" box="[1074,1253,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Dubois-reymondia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FB45FA73FE79FA5B" authority="(Barb. Rodr.) Brieger (1977: 43)" authorityName="Brieger" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1977" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Chaetocephala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophylla">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FB45FA73FAA7FA3E" box="[1259,1384,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">lonchophylla</emphasis>
(Barb. Rodr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBB8508FEAEFA4FFE79FA5B" author="Brieger, F. G." box="[256,438,1457,1479]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref27611" refString="Brieger, F. G. (1977) O valor taxonomico do numero de polineas e de outros caracteres, com referencia especial as Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). Trabalhos do Congresso Nacional de Botanica 26: 33 - 46." type="journal article" year="1977">Brieger (1977: 43)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FE11FA4FFBD5FA5B" authority="(Barb. Rodr.) Cogniaux (1896: 589)" authorityName="Cogniaux" authorityPageNumber="589" authorityYear="1896" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[447,1050,1457,1479]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophylla">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FE11FA4FFD71FA5A" box="[447,702,1457,1478]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Pleurothallis lonchophylla</emphasis>
(Barb.Rodr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBB8508FCEAFA4FFBD5FA5B" author="Cogniaux, A." box="[836,1050,1457,1479]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" refId="ref27981" refString="Cogniaux, A. (1896) Orchidaceae. In: Martius, C. F. P., Eichler, A. G. &amp; Urban, I. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 3. Regia, Munich, 672 pp." type="book" year="1896">Cogniaux (1896: 589)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FB8AFA4CFB44FA5A" box="[1060,1163,1457,1479]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">nom. illeg.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF26FA2BFCF3FA77" blockId="28.[136,1452,1241,1551]" box="[136,828,1493,1515]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
Heterotypic synonym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FECAFA2BFCF6FA77" authority="Reichenbach (1881: 93)" authorityName="Reichenbach" authorityPageNumber="93" authorityYear="1881" box="[356,825,1493,1515]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="warmingii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FECAFA2BFD86FA77" box="[356,585,1493,1515]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Pleurothallis warmingii</emphasis>
Reichenbach (1881: 93)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF26FA04FBFCF993" blockId="28.[136,1452,1241,1551]" box="[136,1075,1529,1551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBB8508FF26FA04FBC1F993" box="[136,1038,1529,1551]" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Brazil" county="Warming" location="Minas Geraes" municipality="Lagoa Santa" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBB8508FF26FA04FF08F993" box="[136,199,1530,1551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBB8508FF4DFA04FEF2F993" box="[227,317,1530,1551]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="83481180FFBB8508FEEBFA07FE02F992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFBB8508FF26FB70FB18F8C8:83481180FFBB8508FEEBFA07FE02F992" box="[325,461,1529,1551]" country="Brazil" county="Warming" municipality="Lagoa Santa" name="Minas Geraes" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Minas Geraës</location>
: epiphytic in forest at
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFBB8508FD0DFA04FCD2F992" box="[675,797,1529,1551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Lagoa Santa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FC88FA04FC6AF993" box="[806,933,1530,1551]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<collectingCounty id="6F493FD7FFBB8508FC88FA04FCB2F993" box="[806,893,1530,1551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Warming</collectingCounty>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBB8508FC1FFA07FBC5F993" box="[945,1034,1529,1551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBB8508FBBDFA04FBE8F993" box="[1043,1063,1530,1551]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBB8508FF26F9C3FB18F8C8" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF26F9C3FE43F9C4" blockId="28.[136,1452,1597,1876]" box="[136,396,1597,1624]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF26F9C3FEEBF9CB" bold="true" box="[136,292,1597,1623]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBB8508FEEEF9C0FE47F9C4" box="[320,392,1598,1624]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF13F99CFB18F8C8" blockId="28.[136,1452,1597,1876]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF13F99CFEE9F9E0" bold="true" box="[189,294,1634,1660]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Notes:—</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBB8508FEF0F99CFE0FF9E0" box="[350,448,1634,1660]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FE5FF99CFCEBF9E0" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[497,804,1634,1660]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FE5FF99CFCEBF9E0" box="[497,804,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Myoxanthus lonchophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is lost, and the species is here lectotypified using an illustration associated with the original material. The species, like its relatives
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FC49F979FB73F93C" authorityName="Frey &amp; Sanson" authorityYear="2006" box="[999,1212,1671,1696]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conceicionensis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FC49F979FB73F93C" box="[999,1212,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">M. conceicionensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FB66F979FA96F93C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1224,1369,1671,1696]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FB66F979FA96F93C" box="[1224,1369,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">M. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FA23F979FF19F958" authorityName="Fraga &amp; Kollmann" authorityYear="2003" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ruschii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FA23F979FF19F958" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">M. ruschii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is endemic to southern
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBB8508FE4DF954FDE4F958" box="[483,555,1706,1732]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. They share the fleshy flowers frequently mottled or dotted with dark purple-red, petals with margins revolute, a fleshy lip with apical margins revolute, column with a pair of calli on the column foot and anther cap ciliate-fimbriate. However,
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FDCDF90DFCEBF890" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[611,804,1778,1804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FDCDF90DFCEBF890" box="[611,804,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">M. lonchophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily recognized by the conspicuous fimbriate margins of the lip.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FF52F8E8FE15F8AC" authorityName="Fraga &amp; Kollmann" authorityYear="2003" box="[252,474,1814,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ruschii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF52F8E8FE15F8AC" box="[252,474,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Myoxanthus ruschii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has a ciliate to fimbriate lip, but only apically, and the petals are not revolute. The lip of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FF65F8C5FE92F8C8" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[203,349,1851,1876]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF65F8C5FE92F8C8" box="[203,349,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">M. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may also have short fimbriate margins, but it is fleshier with the apex rounded.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF26FF60FF64FF24" bold="true" box="[136,171,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">23.</emphasis>
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(Ames &amp; C.Schweinf.)
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(Fig. 15A)
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF58FF17FE3EFF62" box="[246,497,233,254]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Pleurothallis hirsuticaulis</emphasis>
Ames &amp; Schweinfurth (1930: 29–30)
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—
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,
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and
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF13FE88FEE9FE0C" bold="true" box="[189,294,374,400]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species is recognized by the purple veined and mottled flowers with a suborbicular synsepal and purple lip with white fimbriate margins.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FDFFFE64FC9EFE28" authorityName="Kolanowska &amp; Szlachetko" authorityYear="2014" box="[593,849,410,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ortizianus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FDFFFE64FC9EFE28" box="[593,849,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Myoxanthus ortizianus</emphasis>
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and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FC27FE65FBCBFE28" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1983" box="[905,1028,411,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="priapus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FC27FE65FBCBFE28" box="[905,1028,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">M. priapus</emphasis>
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are the only other species that have a suborbicular synsepal but not a lip with fimbriate margins.
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<mods:part id="3DAC60912B9490218D36843ACD188652">
<mods:date id="6E11A860268DB8D5B98B8DE07A6F20CB">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="BA167007543D94DA3F8765DB431117C1" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7140C489CE70B70983BACAB2201B51E2">2021-06-10</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D59420992862C5CBDCD73CD08512311C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="ED35183AEE8996259699BCFDE68CFBC3">507</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="6E1AC525E76D8D565E51D4A60EE4E354">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="40BF6DDBE2BBD39055C62FB7E35FADF9">211</mods:start>
<mods:end id="53937AEB081B262C9DFDB0CF3E9D31BE">258</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="59D7FA722D08CC0FE7BF50A3FF104987">
<mods:url id="AE94F4CFD2073ACD1F678C0CB4CF050A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.507.3.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="CD60147F1684AC5E3E862D2044AB70E7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BD966296095C90DF92ACFE2D9E3E7A6A" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.507.3.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2726D767936FE0C762D6E2914D46E26E" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="13C537F3B1CCCADB20797D9E22F40352" type="Zenodo-Dep">5425729</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0E3EF64DFFBB850AFF26F87CFC66FEF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFBB850AFF26F87CFC66FEF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E3EF64DFFBB850AFF26F87CFC66FEF0" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="241" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBB8508FF26F87CFCF6F800" box="[136,825,1921,1948]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF26F87CFCF6F800" blockId="28.[136,825,1921,1948]" box="[136,825,1921,1948]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<heading id="DD60F037FFBB8508FF26F87CFCF6F800" box="[136,825,1921,1948]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF26F87CFF63F800" bold="true" box="[136,172,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FF6AF87FFCF6F800" ID-CoL="456KC" authority="(Garay &amp; Dunst.) Luer (1982 a: 47)" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Garay &amp; Dunsterville" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[196,825,1921,1948]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mejiae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF6AF87FFE67F800" bold="true" box="[196,424,1921,1948]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Myoxanthus mejiae</emphasis>
(Garay &amp; Dunst.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBB8508FDD5F87CFCF6F800" author="Luer, C. A." box="[635,825,1922,1948]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 47)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBB8508FF26F833FCC3F87F" box="[136,780,1997,2019]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8508FF26F833FCC3F87F" blockId="28.[136,1112,1997,2055]" box="[136,780,1997,2019]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBB8508FF58F833FCC7F87F" ID-CoL="7XZMZ" authority="Garay &amp; Dunsterville (1976: 354)" authorityName="Garay &amp; Dunsterville" authorityPageNumber="354" authorityYear="1976" box="[246,776,1997,2019]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mejiae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FF58F833FE76F87F" box="[246,441,1997,2019]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Pleurothallis mejiae</emphasis>
Garay &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBB8508FDB6F833FCC7F87F" author="Dunsterville, G. C. K. &amp; Garay, L. A." box="[536,776,1997,2019]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" refId="ref28152" refString="Dunsterville, G. C. K. &amp; Garay, L. A. (1976) Venezuelan orchids illustrated, VI. Deutsch, London, 463 pp." type="book" year="1976">Dunsterville (1976: 354)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBB8509FF26F80CFB67F828" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBB8509FF26F80CFB67F828" blockId="28.[136,1112,1997,2055]" lastBlockId="29.[136,1452,1877,1972]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBB8508FF26F80CFF09F79B" box="[136,198,2034,2055]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBB8508FF4FF80CFEBBF79B" box="[225,372,2034,2055]" name="Venezuela" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFBB8508FED3F80FFE05F79B" box="[381,458,2033,2055]" country="Venezuela" name="Tachira" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Táchira</collectingRegion>
: Alto de Palo Grande above Palmira,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBB8508FC9CF80CFC5DF79B" box="[818,914,2034,2055]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="239">Mejia s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBB8508FC30F80FFC38F79B" box="[926,1015,2033,2055]" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBB8508FC51F80FFB85F79B" box="[1023,1098,2033,2055]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" name="Harvard University - Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium" pageId="28" pageNumber="239" type="Herbarium">AMES</collectionCode>
!).
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FF26F8ABFEC4F8F6" bold="true" box="[136,267,1877,1899]" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FEBDF8ABFE3CF8F7" box="[275,499,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FEBDF8ABFE47F8F6" box="[275,392,1877,1898]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
species. A
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FDAFF8A8FD54F8F6" authorityName="Ames &amp; Schweinfurth" authorityYear="1930" box="[513,667,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsuticaulis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FDAFF8A8FD54F8F6" box="[513,667,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. hirsuticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FD07F8A8FD74F8F7" box="[681,699,1878,1899]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FD68F8A8FCE6F8F6" authorityName="Reichenbach" authorityYear="1854" box="[710,809,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hystrix">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FD68F8A8FCE6F8F6" box="[710,809,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. hystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FC99F8A8FC85F8F7" box="[823,842,1878,1899]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FCFBF8A8FC31F8F6" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barb. Rodr." box="[853,1022,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lonchophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FCFBF8A8FC31F8F6" box="[853,1022,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. lonchophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. D.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FB85F8A8FB0CF8F6" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[1067,1219,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melittanthus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FB85F8A8FB0CF8F6" box="[1067,1219,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. melittanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FB7FF8A8FB2DF8F7" box="[1233,1250,1878,1899]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FB43F8A8FA84F8F7" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1261,1355,1878,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="merae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FB43F8A8FA84F8F7" box="[1261,1355,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. merae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FAF7F8A8FAA8F8F7" box="[1369,1383,1878,1899]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FADAF8A8FA49F8F7" box="[1396,1414,1878,1899]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FA3FF8A8FECCF812" authorityName="Poeppig &amp; Endlicher" authorityYear="1835" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FA3FF8A8FECCF812" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. monophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FEA0F884FED7F813" box="[270,280,1914,1935]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FE8FF884FE52F813" authorityName="Ortiz" authorityYear="1997" box="[289,413,1914,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FE8FF884FE52F813" box="[289,413,1914,1935]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FE07F884FE7AF813" box="[425,437,1914,1935]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FE13F884FDABF812" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[445,612,1913,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octomerioides">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FE13F884FDABF812" box="[445,612,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. octomerioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FDC1F884FD4CF813" box="[623,643,1914,1935]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FD22F884FD23F812" authorityName="Kolanowska &amp; Szlachetko" authorityYear="2019" box="[652,748,1913,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oliviae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FD22F884FD23F812" box="[652,748,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. oliviae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FD59F884FCC7F813" box="[759,776,1914,1935]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBA8509FCBFF884FC5FF813" authorityName="Kolanowska &amp; Szlachetko" authorityYear="2014" box="[785,912,1914,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ortizianus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBA8509FCBFF884FC5FF813" box="[785,912,1914,1935]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">M. ortizianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photographs by:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FB92F884FB9FF813" box="[1084,1104,1914,1935]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. Rojas-Alvarado (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FB50F884FADCF80C" box="[1278,1299,1914,1936]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FA8CF884FAFAF813" box="[1314,1333,1914,1935]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="240">R</collectionCode>
. Parsons (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FA3BF884FA68F813" box="[1429,1447,1914,1935]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
, D,
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FF0BF860FF77F82F" box="[165,184,1950,1971]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FF6DF860FF18F82F" box="[195,215,1950,1971]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FF46F860FF3BF82F" box="[232,244,1950,1971]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. Gastin (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FEE4F860FE92F828" box="[330,349,1950,1972]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FEC0F860FEB0F82F" box="[366,383,1950,1971]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FE2DF860FE5BF82F" box="[387,404,1950,1971]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. Yupanqui (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FDA8F860FDD8F82F" box="[518,535,1950,1971]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FD8FF860FDFAF828" box="[545,565,1950,1972]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FDE8F860FD98F82F" box="[582,599,1950,1971]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. Hunt (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FD31F860FD60F828" box="[671,687,1950,1972]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FD6EF860FD01F82F" box="[704,718,1950,1971]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
. Ortiz (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FCB9F860FCEEF828" box="[791,801,1950,1972]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FC9CF860FC8FF82F" box="[818,832,1950,1971]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
. Mannens (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FC01F860FC75F828" box="[943,954,1950,1972]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FC62F860FC11F82F" box="[972,990,1950,1971]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
. Coral Jaramillo (
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBA8509FB25F860FB52F828" box="[1163,1181,1950,1972]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="29" pageNumber="240" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFB9850AFF26FF60FC66FEF0" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF26FF60FE75FF24" blockId="30.[136,1452,158,365]" box="[136,442,158,184]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF26FF60FEEBFF24" bold="true" box="[136,292,158,184]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFEEEFF60FE79FF24" box="[320,438,158,184]" name="Venezuela" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFB9850AFF13FF3CFC66FEF0" blockId="30.[136,1452,158,365]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFF13FF3CFEE9FF40" bold="true" box="[189,294,194,220]" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species has been collected only in the mountains of western
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFB9850AFBABFF3CFBB3FF40" box="[1029,1148,194,220]" name="Venezuela" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
. The habit and large fleshy lip with the margins revolute to the apex and auricles at its base are similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFBBCFF19FB68FE9C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Barbosa Rodrigues" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1042,1191,231,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFBBCFF19FB68FE9C" box="[1042,1191,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its allies, whereas morphology of sepals, petals and column is more similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFCEDFEF5FC14FEB8" box="[835,987,266,292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Duboisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reymondii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFCEDFEF5FC14FEB8" box="[835,987,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">M. reymondii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFB9850AFC43FEF4FB05FEB8" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Garay &amp; Dunsterville" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1005,1226,266,292]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mejiae">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFB9850AFC43FEF4FB05FEB8" box="[1005,1226,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="241">Myoxanthus mejiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by petals with a clavate apex downwardly oriented, broadly rounded and decurved lip with a thickened apex with a pair of basal auricle, and a curved column with broad rounded apical wings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="552C7C623B2A3ECA044DAA16667786E8">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF26FD44FF64FD48" bold="true" box="[136,171,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFF6AFD44FCA1FD49" ID-CoL="456K7" authority="(Luer &amp; R. Vasquez) Luer (1982 a: 34 - 54)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="34 - 54" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer &amp; R. Vasquez" box="[196,878,698,725]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gyas">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF6AFD44FE40FD49" bold="true" box="[196,399,698,725]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Myoxanthus gyas</emphasis>
(Luer &amp; R.Vásquez)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBD850EFD2DFD45FCA1FD49" author="Luer, C. A." box="[643,878,698,725]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 34–54)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 14K)
</heading>
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF58FCF8FE6AFC87" box="[246,421,774,795]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Pleurothallis gyas</emphasis>
Luer &amp; Vásquez (1981: 207)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26FCD4FEB9FCF8" blockId="26.[136,1452,774,976]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBD850EFF26FCD4FA63FCDC" box="[136,1452,810,832]" collectingDate="1980-01-28" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="La Paz" country="Bolivia" elevation="3200" location="BOLIVIA" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBD850EFF26FCD4FF08FCA3" box="[136,199,810,831]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFF4DFCD4FE86FCA3" box="[227,329,810,831]" name="Bolivia" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBD850EFEFCFCD4FE57FCA3" box="[338,408,810,831]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">La Paz</collectorName>
: Sud Yungas, epiphytic in scrub vegetation near Unduavi,
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<elevation id="0DBAA068FFBD850EFC61FCD4FBD4FCA3" box="[975,1051,810,831]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200 m</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBD850EFB8BFCD4FB53FCA3" box="[1061,1180,810,831]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" value="1980-01-28">28 Jan.1980</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFB08FCD4FA8DFCA3" box="[1190,1346,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Luer et al. 4975</emphasis>
(
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:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBD850EFF13FCB0FF20FCFF" box="[189,239,846,867]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" name="Marie Selby Botanical Gardens" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="Herbarium">SEL</collectionCode>
!; isotype:
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBD850EFEE1FCB0FEA9FCF8" box="[335,358,846,868]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26FC8CFC4CFC14" blockId="26.[136,1452,774,976]" box="[136,899,882,904]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
Heterotypic synonym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFECAFC8CFCB0FC14" authority="Schweinfurt (1951: 91)" authorityName="Schweinfurt" authorityPageNumber="91" authorityYear="1951" box="[356,895,882,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="frutex" variety="robusta">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFECAFC8CFDD1FC1B" box="[356,542,882,903]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Pleurothallis frutex</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFDE0FC8CFD59FC1B" box="[590,662,882,903]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">robusta</emphasis>
Schweinfurt (1951: 91)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26FC68FED8FC4C" blockId="26.[136,1452,774,976]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBD850EFF26FC68FA63FC30" box="[136,1452,918,940]" collectingDate="1942-12-11" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Peru" elevation="3400" location="Pillahuata" municipality="Paucartambo" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cusco" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBD850EFF26FC68FF08FC37" box="[136,199,918,939]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFF4DFC68FEECFC37" box="[227,291,918,939]" name="Peru" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">PERU</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFBD850EFE80FC68FEA0FC37" box="[302,367,918,939]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFBD850EFED7FC68FE36FC30" box="[377,505,918,940]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Paucartambo</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="83481180FFBD850EFDAAFC68FDA8FC30" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFBD850EFF26FD44FB8BFAA4:83481180FFBD850EFDAAFC68FDA8FC30" box="[516,615,918,940]" country="Peru" municipality="Paucartambo" name="Pillahuata" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" stateProvince="Cusco">Pillahuata</location>
, epiphytic in forest on mountain crest,
<quantity id="416FEABEFFBD850EFC48FC68FBFCFC37" box="[998,1075,918,939]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" unit="m" value="3400.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FFBD850EFC48FC68FBFCFC37" box="[998,1075,918,939]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFFBD850EFB90FC68FB72FC37" box="[1086,1213,918,939]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" value="1942-12-11">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBD850EFB90FC68FB72FC37" box="[1086,1213,918,939]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" value="1942-12-11">11 Dec 1942</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFB66FC68FA8EFC37" box="[1224,1345,918,939]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Vargas 3007</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBD850EFAE1FC68FA67FC30" box="[1359,1448,918,940]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBD850EFF13FC44FEC7FC4C" box="[189,264,954,976]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" name="Harvard University - Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="Herbarium">AMES</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBD850EFF26FC00FB8BFAA4" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26FC00FDCBFB85" blockId="26.[136,1452,1022,1337]" box="[136,516,1022,1049]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF26FC00FEEBFB84" bold="true" box="[136,292,1022,1048]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFEEFFC00FE5CFB84" box="[321,403,1022,1048]" name="Bolivia" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFE67FC01FDCFFB85" box="[457,512,1023,1049]" name="Peru" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF13FBDCFB8BFAA4" blockId="26.[136,1452,1022,1337]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF13FBDCFEE9FBA0" bold="true" box="[189,294,1058,1084]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species was first described as
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFD16FBDCFBECFBA0" authorityName="Schweinfurt" authorityYear="1951" box="[696,1059,1058,1085]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="frutex" variety="robusta">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFD16FBDCFC5CFBA0" box="[696,915,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Pleurothallis frutex</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFC60FBDCFBECFBA0" box="[974,1059,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">robusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Schweinfurt in 1951, a
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFAF0FBDCFED2FBFC" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" rank="variety" variety="distinguished">variety distinguished</taxonomicName>
by the more robust plant with strictly few-branched stems, commonly much longer leaves, different coloured flowers and lip with a relatively larger anterior portion. However, the description fits
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFB70FB95FAF5FB18" authorityName="Luer &amp; Vasquez" authorityYear="1981" box="[1246,1338,1131,1156]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gyas">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFB70FB95FAF5FB18" box="[1246,1338,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. gyas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and it is included as synonym by Luer in 1982. The huge proliferous
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFC86FB71FCB0FB34" authorityName="Luer &amp; Vasquez" authorityYear="1981" box="[808,895,1167,1192]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gyas">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFC86FB71FCB0FB34" box="[808,895,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. gyas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFBA1FB71FBBEFB34" authorityName="Luer &amp; Vasquez" authorityYear="1980" box="[1039,1137,1166,1192]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chloe">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFBA1FB71FBBEFB34" box="[1039,1137,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. chloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFB08FB71FAC4FB34" authorityName=", Schlechter" authorityYear="1912" box="[1190,1291,1166,1192]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFB08FB71FAC4FB34" box="[1190,1291,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. frutex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both with the same habit.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFEA2FB4CFE01FB50" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer &amp; R. Vasquez" box="[268,462,1202,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gyas">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFEA2FB4CFE01FB50" box="[268,462,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Myoxanthus gyas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is recognized by the rose, reddish or brownish spotted flowers
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFB2BFB4DFB53FB50" box="[1157,1180,1203,1228]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">vs</emphasis>
. whitish in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFAB3FB4DFAB1FB50" authorityName="Luer &amp; Vasquez" authorityYear="1980" box="[1309,1406,1202,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chloe">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFAB3FB4DFAB1FB50" box="[1309,1406,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. chloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and yellowish in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFEB9FB29FEB2FB6C" authorityName=", Schlechter" authorityYear="1912" box="[279,381,1238,1264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFEB9FB29FEB2FB6C" box="[279,381,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. frutex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and longer petals,
<quantity id="416FEABEFFBD850EFDF8FB28FD6BFB6D" box="[598,676,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFD04FB29FD0EFB6C" box="[682,705,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">vs</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="416FEABEFFBD850EFD61FB28FCD2FB6D" box="[719,797,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFC91FB29FC6EFB6C" authorityName="Luer &amp; Vasquez" authorityYear="1980" box="[831,929,1238,1264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chloe">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFC91FB29FC6EFB6C" box="[831,929,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. chloe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<quantity id="416FEABEFFBD850EFC78FB28FBECFB6D" box="[982,1059,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFBEBFB29FB64FB6C" authorityName=", Schlechter" authorityYear="1912" box="[1093,1195,1238,1264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFBEBFB29FB64FB6C" box="[1093,1195,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. frutex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBD850EFB17FB29FAF1FB6C" author="Luer, C. A." box="[1209,1342,1238,1265]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFF14FB05FEDDFA88" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer &amp; R. Vasquez" box="[186,274,1275,1300]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gyas">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF14FB05FEDDFA88" box="[186,274,1275,1300]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. gyas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFDEAFB05FD64FA88" authorityName=", Schlechter" authorityYear="1912" box="[580,683,1274,1300]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFDEAFB05FD64FA88" box="[580,683,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. frutex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the habit producing only one stout superposed ramicaul after the other, but the first species may sequentially produce up to four superposed ramicauls.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

151
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<mods:title id="A767849A42544570212CDA793F061787">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBD850EFF26FF60FD33FF24" box="[136,764,158,185]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26FF60FD33FF24" blockId="26.[136,764,158,185]" box="[136,764,158,185]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<heading id="DD60F037FFBD850EFF26FF60FD33FF24" box="[136,764,158,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF26FF60FF64FF24" bold="true" box="[136,171,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFF6AFF60FD4BFF25" ID-CoL="456K6" authority="Luer (1983 a: 386)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="386" authorityYear="1983" box="[196,644,158,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gorgon">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF6AFF60FE61FF25" bold="true" box="[196,430,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Myoxanthus gorgon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBD850EFE18FF61FD4BFF25" author="Luer, C. A." box="[438,644,158,185]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" pagination="379 - 390" refId="ref29528" refString="Luer, C. A. (1983 a) Miscellaneous new species in the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). Phytologia 54: 379 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14426" type="journal article" year="1983">Luer (1983a: 386)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 14J)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26FF14FCB7FEB8" blockId="26.[136,1452,234,292]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBD850EFF26FF14FCBBFEB8" collectingDate="1982-03" collectingDateMax="1983-03-14" collectingDateMin="1982-03" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="Luer &amp; Andreetta" country="Ecuador" elevation="1500" location="Gualaquiza" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBD850EFF26FF14FF09FF63" box="[136,198,234,255]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFF4CFF14FE95FF63" box="[226,346,234,255]" name="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFBD850EFECDFF14FDC0FE9C" box="[355,527,234,256]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Morona-Santiago</collectingRegion>
: epiphytic in the forest north of
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,
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<elevation id="0DBAA068FFBD850EFC11FF14FBC4FF63" box="[959,1035,234,256]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFFBD850EFBBBFF14FBBAFF63" box="[1045,1141,234,255]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" value="1982-03">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBD850EFBBBFF14FBBAFF63" box="[1045,1141,234,255]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" value="1982-03">Mar 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected by
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBD850EFB55FF14FAE7FF63" box="[1275,1320,234,255]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Luer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBD850EFAE9FF14FA67FE9C" box="[1351,1448,234,256]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Andreetta</collectorName>
, flowered in cultivation
<date id="F229619BFFBD850EFE30FEF0FDEEFEBF" box="[414,545,270,291]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" value="1983-03-14">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBD850EFE30FEF0FDEEFEBF" box="[414,545,270,291]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" value="1983-03-14">14 Mar. 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBD850EFD85FEF0FD97FEBF" box="[555,600,270,291]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Luer</collectorName>
8693
</emphasis>
(
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: SEL-spirit!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBD850EFF26FEACFD65FD11" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26FEACFE6CFEF0" blockId="26.[136,1452,338,653]" box="[136,419,338,364]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF26FEACFEEBFEF0" bold="true" box="[136,292,338,364]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFEEEFEACFE50FEF0" box="[320,415,338,364]" name="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF13FE88FD65FD11" blockId="26.[136,1452,338,653]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF13FE88FEE9FE0C" bold="true" box="[189,294,374,400]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Notes:—</emphasis>
Luer distinguished
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFE53FE89FDBDFE0C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1983" box="[509,626,375,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gorgon">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFE53FE89FDBDFE0C" box="[509,626,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. gorgon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFD18FE89FCA5FE0C" authorityName="Poeppig &amp; Endlicher" authorityYear="1835" box="[694,874,374,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFD18FE89FCA5FE0C" box="[694,874,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. monophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its shorter perianth and “peduncle” (actually the pseudopeduncle) and yellowish perianth versus whitish. However, both species have short pseudopeduncles, similar colour of the flowers, a floral bract covering the base of the perianth, petals with dentate margins and similar column, lip and plant habits. The most obvious difference between the two species is the length of the perianth, as mentioned and illustrated by Luer, but the reflexed sepals on
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFD04FDF9FCD1FDBC" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1983" box="[682,798,519,544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gorgon">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFD04FDF9FCD1FDBC" box="[682,798,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. gorgon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also noteworthy. There is significant variation in length and colour of the perianth of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFE69FDD5FDB5FDD8" authorityName="Poeppig &amp; Endlicher" authorityYear="1835" box="[455,634,554,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFE69FDD5FDB5FDD8" box="[455,634,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. monophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 14F–H), and both entities have highly overlapping distributions. We think it is necessary to document the variation of these two taxa across their ranges to determine if
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFB4BFDB1FA94FDF4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1983" box="[1253,1371,591,616]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gorgon">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFB4BFDB1FA94FDF4" box="[1253,1371,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. gorgon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be consistently distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFE41FD8DFD6CFD10" authorityName="Poeppig &amp; Endlicher" authorityYear="1835" box="[495,675,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monophyllus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFE41FD8DFD6CFD10" box="[495,675,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. monophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

264
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<mods:title id="754A4E18BD6B1CE8E415DBB2FE55CE4D">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="8B31CAFE4A1860B6E5240BFCE42E8458">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="DD60F037FFBD850EFF26FA98FCAEFA1C" box="[136,865,1382,1409]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF26FA98FF64FA1C" bold="true" box="[136,171,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFF6AFA98FD2BFA1C" ID-CoL="7XZCT" authority="(Schltr.) Luer (1982 a: 43)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schltr." box="[196,740,1382,1409]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herzogii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF6AFA98FE76FA1D" bold="true" box="[196,441,1382,1409]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Myoxanthus herzogii</emphasis>
(Schltr.)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBD850EFD8CFA99FD2BFA1C" author="Luer, C. A." box="[546,740,1382,1409]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 43)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 14L)
</heading>
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF58FA4CFE07FA5B" box="[246,456,1458,1479]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Pleurothallis herzogii</emphasis>
Schlechter (1913: 487)
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.
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26FA28FDCAF98C" blockId="26.[136,1451,1458,1660]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBD850EFF26FA28FEF7F98C" collectingDate="1911-10" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="La Paz" country="Bolivia" elevation="3000" location="Rio Sanjana" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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:—
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.
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBD850EFEFDFA28FE55FA77" box="[339,410,1494,1515]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">La Paz</collectorName>
: forest along
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(San Juan),
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,
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,
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[
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:
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBD850EFB6EFA28FAD5FA70" box="[1216,1306,1494,1516]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, designated by
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBD850EFF13FA04FEFBF98C" author="Luer, C. A." box="[189,308,1530,1552]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" pagination="1 - 137" refId="ref29726" refString="Luer, C. A. (1994) Icones pleurothallidinarum XI. Systematics of Lepanthes Subgenus Brachycladium and Pleurothallis Subgenus Aenigma, Subgenus Elongatia, Subgenus Kraenzlinella (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 52: 1 - 137." type="journal article" year="1994">Luer (1994)</bibRefCitation>
:
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!; isolectotype:
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!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26F9E0FD36F9A8" blockId="26.[136,1451,1458,1660]" box="[136,761,1566,1588]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
Heterotypic synonym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFECAF9E0FD3AF9A8" authority="Luer (1983 a: 385)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="385" authorityYear="1983" box="[356,757,1566,1588]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinoides">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFECAF9E0FDF1F9AF" box="[356,574,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Myoxanthus affinoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBD850EFDEAF9E0FD3AF9A8" author="Luer, C. A." box="[580,757,1566,1588]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" pagination="379 - 390" refId="ref29528" refString="Luer, C. A. (1983 a) Miscellaneous new species in the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). Phytologia 54: 379 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14426" type="journal article" year="1983">Luer (1983a: 385)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF26F9BCFEA8F9E0" blockId="26.[136,1451,1458,1660]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBD850EFF26F9BCFEEEF9E0" collectingDate="1982-03-03" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Ecuador" elevation="2600" location="Zamora-Chinchope" municipality="Yangana" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBD850EFF26F9BCFF09F9CB" box="[136,198,1602,1623]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFF4CF9BCFE95F9CB" box="[226,346,1602,1623]" name="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="83481180FFBD850EFECDF9BCFDEDF9C4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFBD850FFF26FA98FF62F844:83481180FFBD850EFECDF9BCFDEDF9C4" box="[355,546,1602,1624]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Yangana" name="Zamora-Chinchope" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Zamora-Chinchope</location>
: epiphytic in forest south of the pass south of
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFBD850EFC71F9BCFBFBF9CB" box="[991,1076,1602,1623]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Yangana</collectingMunicipality>
,
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<elevation id="0DBAA068FFBD850EFB90F9BCFB45F9CB" box="[1086,1162,1602,1624]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFFBD850EFB3AF9BCFAC8F9CB" box="[1172,1287,1602,1623]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" value="1982-03-03">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBD850EFB3AF9BCFAC8F9CB" box="[1172,1287,1602,1623]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" value="1982-03-03">3 Mar 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFABCF9BCFA64F9CB" box="[1298,1451,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Luer et al. 7114</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBD850EFF6AF998FED2F9E0" box="[196,285,1638,1660]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBD850EFE88F998FE96F9E0" box="[294,345,1638,1660]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" name="Marie Selby Botanical Gardens" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="Herbarium">SEL</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBD850FFF26F954FF62F844" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="238" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF26F954FEEBF958" bold="true" box="[136,292,1706,1732]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFEEFF954FE5AF958" box="[321,405,1706,1732]" name="Bolivia" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFE0EF954FE30F958" box="[416,511,1706,1732]" name="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFDA4F955FD8EF959" box="[522,577,1707,1733]" name="Peru" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBD850EFF13F930FAB8F878" blockId="26.[136,1451,1706,2021]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFF13F930FEE9F974" bold="true" box="[189,294,1742,1768]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Notes:—</emphasis>
Luer (1982) included
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFDB2F931FD51F974" authorityName="Schlechter" authorityYear="1913" box="[540,670,1742,1768]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herzogii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFDB2F931FD51F974" box="[540,670,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. herzogii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as synonym of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFCFCF931FBC9F974" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Reichenbach" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[850,1030,1742,1768]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceratothallis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFCFCF931FBC9F974" box="[850,1030,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. ceratothallis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because Schlechter’s description and illustration could apply to the latter. However, at that time Luer had not inspected the type of the
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFB03F90DFAE2F890" authorityName="Schlechter" authorityYear="1913" box="[1197,1325,1778,1804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herzogii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFB03F90DFAE2F890" box="[1197,1325,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. herzogii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because its location was unknown. In 1994, after locating original material of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFCDCF8E8FBA9F8AC" authorityName="Schlechter" authorityYear="1913" box="[882,1126,1814,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herzogii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFCDCF8E8FBA9F8AC" box="[882,1126,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Pleurothallis herzogii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at the Stockholm Herbarium (S), Luer realized that it is conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFD3EF8C5FCE9F8C8" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1983" box="[656,806,1850,1876]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinoides">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFD3EF8C5FCE9F8C8" box="[656,806,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. affinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a species he had described in 1983 from
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBD850EFAB5F8C4FAB7F8C8" box="[1307,1400,1850,1876]" name="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and different from
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFE9CF8A1FE27F8E4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Reichenbach" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[306,488,1886,1912]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceratothallis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFE9CF8A1FE27F8E4" box="[306,488,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. ceratothallis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFE56F8A0FD29F8E4" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schltr." box="[504,742,1886,1912]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herzogii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFE56F8A0FD29F8E4" box="[504,742,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">Myoxanthus herzogii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFC2DF8A1FC3FF8E4" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lindl." box="[899,1008,1886,1912]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Humboltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFC2DF8A1FC3FF8E4" box="[899,1008,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the former is distinguished by its shortly pseudo-pedunculate flowers with abaxially dense, shortly pubescent sepals and linear and thick above the middle petals (
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBD850EFE83F858FE68F85C" author="Luer, C. A." box="[301,423,1958,1984]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" pagination="1 - 137" refId="ref29726" refString="Luer, C. A. (1994) Icones pleurothallidinarum XI. Systematics of Lepanthes Subgenus Brachycladium and Pleurothallis Subgenus Aenigma, Subgenus Elongatia, Subgenus Kraenzlinella (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 52: 1 - 137." type="journal article" year="1994">Luer 1994</bibRefCitation>
). On the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBD850EFDA3F858FDBBF85C" box="[525,628,1958,1984]" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBD850EFD34F859FCD4F85C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schltr." box="[666,795,1958,1984]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="237" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herzogii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFD34F859FCD4F85C" box="[666,795,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">M. herzogii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at S, a label by Garay reads: “
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBD850EFBDCF859FD6AF878" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="237">since the type does not exist in Berlin, this is chosen by me in my monograph</emphasis>
”. As far as we know, that lectotypification was never published.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBC850FFF26F8ABFF62F844" blockId="27.[136,1452,1877,2008]" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFF26F8ABFEC4F8F6" bold="true" box="[136,267,1877,1899]" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFEBCF8ABFE3CF8F7" box="[274,499,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFEBCF8ABFE48F8F6" box="[274,391,1877,1898]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">Myoxanthus</emphasis>
species. A
</taxonomicName>
–B.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFDB5F8A8FD54F8F7" authorityName="Soto Arenas" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="A. Rich. &amp; Galeotti" box="[539,667,1878,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congestus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFDB5F8A8FD54F8F7" box="[539,667,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. congestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. C.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFD6BF8A8FCE4F8F6" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1976" box="[709,811,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ephelis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFD6BF8A8FCE4F8F6" box="[709,811,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. ephelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. D.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFCF9F8A8FC06F8F7" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1979" box="[855,969,1878,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eumeces">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFCF9F8A8FC06F8F7" box="[855,969,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. eumeces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. E.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFC5DF8A8FB48F8F7" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Lindley" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1011,1159,1878,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exasperatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFC5DF8A8FB48F8F7" box="[1011,1159,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. exasperatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. F &amp; G.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFB4FF8A8FAA9F8F6" authorityName="Luer &amp; Hirtz" authorityYear="1992" box="[1249,1382,1877,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFB4FF8A8FAA9F8F6" box="[1249,1382,1877,1899]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. fimbriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. H.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFA3FF8A8FF0FF812" authorityName=", Schlechter" authorityYear="1912" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFA3FF8A8FF0FF812" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. frutex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. I.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFF4EF884FE88F813" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1975" box="[224,327,1914,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="georgei">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFF4EF884FE88F813" box="[224,327,1914,1935]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. georgei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. J.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFEC7F884FE3DF813" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1983" box="[361,498,1913,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gorgon">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFEC7F884FE3DF813" box="[361,498,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. aff. gorgon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. K.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFDB5F884FDA8F813" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer &amp; R. Vasquez" box="[539,615,1914,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gyas">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFDB5F884FDA8F813" box="[539,615,1914,1935]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. gyas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. L.
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBC850FFD23F884FCEEF812" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schltr." box="[653,801,1913,1935]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="238" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herzogii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBC850FFD23F884FCEEF812" box="[653,801,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="238">M. aff. herzogii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photographs by: G. Rojas-Alvarado (A). N. de Jong (B). E. Schulz (C). G. Merino (D). S. Vieira-Uribe (E). Ecuagenera (F). R. Parsons (G). R. Repasky (H, K). R. Velázquez (I). A. Hirtz (J). L.E. Yupanqui (L).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFF6AF929FD07F96E" ID-CoL="456K5" authority="(Luer) Luer (1982 a: 43)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[196,712,1751,1778]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="georgei">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF6AF929FE7DF96D" bold="true" box="[196,434,1751,1778]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Myoxanthus georgei</emphasis>
(Luer)
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</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 14I)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF26F8E2FDBDF8AE" blockId="25.[136,1452,1820,1915]" box="[136,626,1820,1842]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
Basionym:
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFF58F8E2FDA1F8AE" ID-CoL="7XZ97" authority="Luer (1975: 246)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="246" authorityYear="1975" box="[246,622,1820,1842]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="georgei">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF58F8E2FE0EF8AE" box="[246,449,1820,1842]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Pleurothallis georgei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBE850DFE69F8E3FDA1F8AE" author="Luer, C. A." box="[455,622,1820,1842]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" pagination="220 - 303" refId="ref29200" refString="Luer, C. A. (1975) Pleurothallis of Ecuador III. Selbyana 1: 220 - 303." type="journal article" year="1975">Luer (1975: 246)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBE850DFF26F8BFFE5EF8E7" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF26F8BFFE5EF8E7" blockId="25.[136,1452,1820,1915]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBE850DFF26F8BFFF09F8CA" box="[136,198,1857,1878]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFF4CF8BFFE95F8CA" box="[226,346,1857,1878]" name="Ecuador" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFBE850DFECDF8BFFDC2F8CA" box="[355,525,1856,1878]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Morona Santiago</collectingRegion>
: epiphytic in felled trees,
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south of
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,
<quantity id="416FEABEFFBE850DFBBAF8BEFB9BF8CA" box="[1044,1108,1856,1878]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" unit="m" value="500.0">
<elevation id="0DBAA068FFBE850DFBBAF8BEFB9BF8CA" box="[1044,1108,1856,1878]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F229619BFFBE850DFBF3F8BEFB1FF8CA" box="[1117,1232,1856,1878]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" value="1975-08-06">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBE850DFBF3F8BEFB1FF8CA" box="[1117,1232,1856,1878]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" value="1975-08-06">6 Aug 1975</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFB74F8BFFF2EF8E6" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBE850DFB74F8BFFAC8F8CA" box="[1242,1287,1857,1878]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Luer</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBE850DFABEF8BFFAF2F8CA" box="[1296,1341,1857,1878]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Luer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBE850DFAF3F8BEFA63F8C9" box="[1373,1452,1856,1877]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Wilhelm</collectorName>
451
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBE850DFF40F89AFE88F8E6" box="[238,327,1892,1914]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBE850DFEFEF89BFE4CF8E7" box="[336,387,1893,1915]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" name="Marie Selby Botanical Gardens" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="Herbarium">SEL</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBE850DFF26F85CFCD0F7B4" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF26F85CFE6CF820" blockId="25.[136,1452,1954,2089]" box="[136,419,1954,1980]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF26F85CFEEBF820" bold="true" box="[136,292,1954,1980]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFEEEF85CFE50F820" box="[320,415,1954,1980]" name="Ecuador" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF13F838FCD0F7B4" blockId="25.[136,1452,1954,2089]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF13F838FEE9F87C" bold="true" box="[189,294,1990,2016]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Notes:—</emphasis>
This Ecuadorean species is easily recognized by the caespitose plants with ramicauls covered by long hispidulous sheaths, purple flowers, obovate petals in the basal half then contracted and acute and trilobate lip with oblique, rounded, erect lateral lobes and apiculate midlobe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

161
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<mods:affiliation id="FA1C9110693F40FEAF846C3F23C68B68">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF26FB31FF64FB75" bold="true" box="[136,171,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFF6AFB31FD03FB76" ID-CoL="456K4" authority="(Schltr.) Luer (1982 a: 36)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schlechter" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[196,716,1231,1258]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF6AFB31FE6DFB75" bold="true" box="[196,418,1231,1258]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Myoxanthus frutex</emphasis>
(Schltr.)
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</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 14H)
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF58FAEAFE7EFAB6" box="[246,433,1300,1322]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Pleurothallis frutex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBE850DFE18FAEAFD5AFAB6" author="Schlechter, R." box="[438,661,1300,1322]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" pagination="417 - 464" refId="ref31484" refString="Schlechter, R. (1912) Orchidaceae novae et criticae. Decas XXI - XXIII. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 10: 417 - 464. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 19120103009" type="journal article" year="1912">Schlechter (1912: 454)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBE850DFF26FAC7FEABFA0B" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF26FAC7FEABFA0B" blockId="25.[136,1452,1300,1431]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBE850DFF26FAC7FF08FAD2" box="[136,199,1337,1358]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBE850DFF4DFAC7FEFEFA0A" collectingDate="1910-11" collectionCode="AMES, L" collectorName="La Paz &amp; Sud Yungas &amp; Unduavi" country="Bolivia" elevation="3200" location="BOLIVIA" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFF4DFAC7FE86FAD2" box="[227,329,1337,1358]" name="Bolivia" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBE850DFEFFFAC7FE5AFAD2" box="[337,405,1337,1358]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">La Paz</collectorName>
:
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBE850DFE30FAC6FDDEFAD2" box="[414,529,1336,1358]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Sud Yungas</collectorName>
, terrestrial in humus-rich rocky soil, near
<collectorName id="2B62228DFFBE850DFC30FAC6FC3CFAD2" box="[926,1011,1336,1358]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Unduavi</collectorName>
,
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,
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<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBE850DFBE1FAC7FB7FFAD2" box="[1103,1200,1337,1358]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" value="1910-11">Nov 1910</collectingDate>
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,
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(
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: assumed to have been destroyed in the bombing of the Berlin herbarium;
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBE850DFC2BFAA2FC10FAEE" box="[901,991,1372,1394]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, designated here: K-000583610!; isolectotypes,
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBE850DFF13FA7FFEC8FA0A" box="[189,263,1409,1430]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15408" name="Harvard University - Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="Herbarium">AMES</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBE850DFEBAFA7FFEE7FA0A" box="[276,296,1409,1430]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
!,
</materialsCitation>
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFE99FA7FFE96FA0B" box="[311,345,1409,1431]" name="United States of America" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">US</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBE850DFF26FA40FBDFF92C" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF26FA40FDCBFA45" blockId="25.[136,1452,1470,1713]" box="[136,516,1470,1497]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF26FA40FEEBFA44" bold="true" box="[136,292,1470,1496]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFEEFFA40FE5CFA44" box="[321,403,1470,1496]" name="Bolivia" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFE67FA41FDCFFA45" box="[457,512,1471,1497]" name="Peru" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF13FA1CFBDFF92C" blockId="25.[136,1452,1470,1713]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF13FA1CFEE9FA60" bold="true" box="[189,294,1506,1532]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species generally produces huge, erect or pendent, pseudo-terrestrial proliferous plants. It is similar to
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF06F9F9FEDBF9BC" box="[168,276,1542,1568]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFF06F9F9FEDFF9BC" authorityName="Luer &amp; Vasquez" authorityYear="1980" box="[168,272,1542,1568]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chloe">M. chloe</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which is also found in
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFD81F9F8FD4AF9BC" box="[559,645,1542,1568]" name="Bolivia" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
. However, it can be distinguished from that species by the yellowish to brownish flowers and obscurely angled lip margins
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFD51F9D5FCD9F9D8" box="[767,790,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">vs</emphasis>
. whitish flowers and acute lateral lobes of the lip. In the protologue of
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFE89F9B1FDACF9F4" authority=", Schlechter (1912)" authorityName=", Schlechter" authorityYear="1912" box="[295,611,1614,1641]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pleurothallis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutex">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFE89F9B1FE42F9F4" box="[295,397,1614,1640]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">M. frutex</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBE850DFE35F9B0FDACF9F4" author="Schlechter, R." box="[411,611,1614,1640]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" pagination="417 - 464" refId="ref31484" refString="Schlechter, R. (1912) Orchidaceae novae et criticae. Decas XXI - XXIII. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 10: 417 - 464. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 19120103009" type="journal article" year="1912">Schlechter (1912)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
did not indicate where the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBE850DFC3DF9B0FC3AF9F4" box="[915,1013,1614,1640]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was preserved. Assuming the
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBE850DFAE7F9B0FA64F9F4" box="[1353,1451,1614,1640]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was in Berlin and was lost when the herbarium was destroyed,
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBE850DFCECF98DFC07F910" author="Luer, C. A." box="[834,968,1650,1677]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref29681" refString="Luer, C. A. (1992) Icones pleurothallidinarum IX. Systematic of Myoxanthus. Addenda to Platystele, Pleurothallis, subgenus Scopula and Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 44: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1992">Luer (1992)</bibRefCitation>
indicated the location of a type at K, but he did not designate it explicitly as a
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBE850DFDA9F968FDBEF92C" box="[519,625,1686,1712]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. We thus make this designation here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

158
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<mods:title id="20DA181BBB59DB77D8C05380AC351168">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="F58F05851D26E6F14A7F54D9ABEAEA11">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; gustavo. rojasalvarado @ uc. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8918 - 0823</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="0CA81C9707520C890F007939A0629CEC">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="6B06F610138E229881AD97648BC188AB">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Endless Forms, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands &amp; akarremans @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5987 - 7710</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBE850DFF26FC90FC63FC14" box="[136,940,878,905]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF26FC90FC63FC14" blockId="25.[136,940,878,905]" box="[136,940,878,905]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<heading id="DD60F037FFBE850DFF26FC90FC63FC14" box="[136,940,878,905]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF26FC90FF64FC14" bold="true" box="[136,171,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFF6AFC90FCD8FC14" ID-CoL="456K3" authority="Luer &amp; Hirtz (1992: 38 - 39)" authorityName="Luer &amp; Hirtz" authorityPageNumber="38 - 39" authorityYear="1992" box="[196,791,878,905]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF6AFC90FE1BFC15" bold="true" box="[196,468,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Myoxanthus fimbriatus</emphasis>
Luer &amp; Hirtz (1992: 38–39)
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 14F,G)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF26FC44FF34FC68" blockId="25.[136,1452,954,1012]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBE850DFF26FC44FF09FC53" box="[136,198,954,975]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFF4CFC44FE95FC53" box="[226,346,954,975]" name="Ecuador" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFBE850DFECCFC44FE55FC53" box="[354,410,954,975]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Napo</collectingRegion>
:
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,
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<elevation id="0DBAA068FFBE850DFE51FC44FD87FC53" box="[511,584,954,975]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collected by
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBE850DFD66FC44FA63FC4C" box="[712,1452,954,976]" collectingDate="1985-03-18" collectionCode="A" country="Ecuador" county="Hirtz" location="Hirtz" municipality="Quito" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBE850DFD66FC44FD13FC53" box="[712,732,954,975]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
.
<collectingCounty id="6F493FD7FFBE850DFD4BFC44FCD6FC4C" box="[741,793,954,976]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Hirtz</collectingCounty>
, flowered in cultivation in
<collectingMunicipality id="664CDD21FFBE850DFBB9FC44FB9FFC4C" box="[1047,1104,954,976]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Quito</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="F229619BFFBE850DFBF6FC44FB1BFC4C" box="[1112,1236,954,976]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" value="1985-03-18">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBE850DFBF6FC44FB1BFC4C" box="[1112,1236,954,976]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" value="1985-03-18">18 Mar 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFB73FC44FA8BFC53" box="[1245,1348,954,975]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<location id="83481180FFBE850DFB73FC44FAC1FC53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E3EF64DFFBE850DFF26FC90FAC2FB35:83481180FFBE850DFB73FC44FAC1FC53" box="[1245,1294,954,975]" country="Ecuador" county="Hirtz" municipality="Quito" name="Hirtz" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Hirtz</location>
2245
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBE850DFAE1FC44FA67FC4C" box="[1359,1448,954,976]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBE850DFF13FC20FF24FC68" box="[189,235,990,1012]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBE850DFF26FBDCFAC2FB35" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF26FBDCFE2AFBA1" blockId="25.[136,1451,1058,1193]" box="[136,485,1058,1085]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF26FBDCFEEBFBA0" bold="true" box="[136,292,1058,1084]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFEEEFBDCFE51FBA0" box="[320,414,1058,1084]" name="Ecuador" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFE04FBDDFE2EFBA1" box="[426,481,1059,1085]" name="Peru" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF13FBB8FAC2FB35" blockId="25.[136,1451,1058,1193]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF13FBB8FEE9FBFC" bold="true" box="[189,294,1094,1120]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Notes:—</emphasis>
This proliferous species with purplish flowers is similar to the also proliferous
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFB3EFBB9FAD4FBFC" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1168,1307,1094,1120]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFB3EFBB9FAD4FBFC" box="[1168,1307,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the nonproliferous
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFEA4FB95FE6CFB18" authorityName="Luer &amp; Hirtz" authorityYear="1992" box="[266,419,1130,1156]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antennifer">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFEA4FB95FE6CFB18" box="[266,419,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">M. antennifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is recognized by acuminate lateral sepals
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFC35FB95FC7DFB18" box="[923,946,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">vs</emphasis>
. acute in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFB8EFB95FB62FB18" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1056,1197,1130,1156]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFB8EFB95FB62FB18" box="[1056,1197,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">M. scandens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFB4DFB95FAB3FB18" authorityName="Luer &amp; Hirtz" authorityYear="1992" box="[1251,1404,1130,1156]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antennifer">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFB4DFB95FAB3FB18" box="[1251,1404,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">M. antennifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the fimbriate margin of the petals
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFDABFB71FDD3FB34" box="[517,540,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">vs</emphasis>
. margins shortly ciliate in
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFCE6FB71FC1BFB34" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[840,980,1166,1192]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
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and entire in
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFBC3FB71FAC9FB34" box="[1133,1286,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">M. antennifer</emphasis>
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138
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Luer &amp; Escobar (1992: 30‒32)
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near
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14312
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!).
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—
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF13F930FEE9F974" bold="true" box="[189,294,1742,1768]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Notes:—</emphasis>
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is endemic to
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and most similar to the recently described
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFABFF931FA63F974" box="[1297,1452,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. bolivianus</emphasis>
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from Chochabamba,
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. The former is distinguished by the shorter clavate sepals,
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long
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. sepals forming slender tails, 5.5–6.0 mm long and dark purple lip that lacks a tall basal callus
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFC5AF8E9FBC4F8AC" box="[1012,1035,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">vs</emphasis>
. yellowish suffused with purple with a prominent erect callus at the base.
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(Fig. 14C)
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Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF58FB6CFE72FB3B" box="[246,445,1170,1191]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Pleurothallis ephelis</emphasis>
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!).
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF26FB04FEEBFA88" bold="true" box="[136,292,1274,1300]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF13FAE0FEE9FAA4" bold="true" box="[189,294,1310,1336]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Notes:—</emphasis>
This Ecuadorian endemic is recognized by the greenish perianth tinged with purple, revolute margins of the sepals, narrow, long, acute teeth at the column apex, a pair of rounded calli at the base of the column foot and a trilobed lip with ovate, oblique and erect lateral lobes, midlobe ovate, disc with a longitudinal pair of lamellae that meet on the midlobe and then diverge forming a glenium-like cavity. Superficially, it is somewhat similar to
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFE78FA51FDA1FA54" box="[470,622,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. fimbriatus</emphasis>
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<locationDeviation id="979A5E79FFBF850CFD53FD1CFBEDFD6B" box="[765,1058,738,760]" firstLocation="Mendez" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" secondLocation="Morona">between Mendez and Morona</locationDeviation>
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<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBF850CFBD5FD1CFB3BFD6B" box="[1147,1268,738,759]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" value="1989-01-17">17 Jan 1989</collectingDate>
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,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFAAEFD1CFA64FD6B" box="[1280,1451,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Luer et al. 13971</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="592CF9F9FFBF850CFF6AFCF8FED2FC80" box="[196,285,774,796]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
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<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBF850CFE88FCF8FE9BFC80" box="[294,340,774,796]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBF850CFF26FCB4FDD0FB84" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBF850CFF26FCB4FE6CFCF8" blockId="24.[136,1451,842,1048]" box="[136,419,842,868]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF26FCB4FEEBFCF8" bold="true" box="[136,292,842,868]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBF850CFEEEFCB4FE50FCF8" box="[320,415,842,868]" name="Ecuador" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFBF850CFF13FC90FDD0FB84" blockId="24.[136,1451,842,1048]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF13FC90FEE9FC14" bold="true" box="[189,294,878,904]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Notes:—</emphasis>
According to Luer &amp; Hirtz (1992), the flowers of this species are distinguished by their densely redspiculate floral bracts, ovary and sepals that are borne by short peduncles (actually pseudopeduncles) usually less than three millimeters long, petals thickened and microscopically erose or cellular-capitate and ligulate lip with a pair or denticulate carinae. The most similar species is
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFD33FC25FCD1FC68" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Schltr." box="[669,798,986,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herzogii">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFD33FC25FCD1FC68" box="[669,798,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">M. herzogii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which shares most of the same diagnostic features except for the denticulate carinae of the lip.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

138
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<mods:title id="F277F33BBF9A777845926E07614CF0EE">A taxonomic synopsis and morphological characterization of Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="D52AE3A4982E2027C96B702AA0ABE65D">Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Cartago, Apartado 302 - 7050, Costa Rica &amp; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060 San José, Costa Rica &amp; mario. blancocoto @ ucr. ac. cr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7369 - 5411</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="DD60F037FFBF850CFF26F87CFC9AF800" box="[136,853,1922,1949]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF26F87CFF63F800" bold="true" box="[136,172,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBF850CFF6AF87CFD1AF801" ID-CoL="456JZ" authority="(Luer) Luer (1982 a: 36)" authorityName="Luer" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Luer" box="[196,725,1922,1949]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eumeces">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF6AF87CFE71F801" bold="true" box="[196,446,1922,1949]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Myoxanthus eumeces</emphasis>
(Luer)
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBF850CFDBAF87DFD1AF801" author="Luer, C. A." box="[532,725,1922,1949]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" pagination="34 - 54" refId="ref29456" refString="Luer, C. A. (1982 a) A reevaluation of the genus Myoxanthus (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 7: 34 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14425" type="journal article" year="1982">Luer (1982a: 36)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (Fig. 14D)
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<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBF850CFF26F830FD64F878" box="[136,683,1998,2020]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBF850CFF26F830FD64F878" blockId="24.[136,1451,1998,2092]" box="[136,683,1998,2020]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
Basionym:
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<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFF58F830FE05F87F" box="[246,458,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Pleurothallis eumeces</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E2063AAAFFBF850CFE7EF830FD68F878" author="Luer, C. A." box="[464,679,1998,2020]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" pagination="145 - 196" refId="ref29351" refString="Luer, C. A. (1979) Miscellaneous new species in the Pleurothallidinae. Selbyana 5: 145 - 196." type="journal article" year="1979">Luer (1979: 164–165)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
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<paragraph id="8628475BFFBF850CFF26F80CFE73F7B0" blockId="24.[136,1451,1998,2092]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">
<materialsCitation id="36FF4D06FFBF850CFF26F80CFEB9F7B0" collectingDate="1978-02-11" collectionCode="TYPE" country="Ecuador" elevation="2700" location="Zamora" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBF850CFF26F80CFF09F79B" box="[136,198,2034,2055]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
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.
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFBF850CFECDF80CFDD3F794" box="[355,540,2034,2056]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
: epiphytic in cloud forest at the pass between
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and
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,
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<elevation id="0DBAA068FFBF850CFB22F80CFB18F79B" box="[1164,1239,2034,2055]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="F229619BFFBF850CFB4CF80CFA93F79B" box="[1250,1372,2034,2056]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" value="1978-02-11">
<collectingDate id="E26D9873FFBF850CFB4CF80CFA93F79B" box="[1250,1372,2034,2056]" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" value="1978-02-11">11 Feb 1978</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBF850CFAC8F80CFEC3F7B7" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="235">Luer et al. 2530</emphasis>
(
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:
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="E086DF9EFFBF850CFED5F7E8FE61F7B0" box="[379,430,2070,2092]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15632" name="Marie Selby Botanical Gardens" pageId="24" pageNumber="235" type="Herbarium">SEL</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE8D14D0FFBE850DFF26FF60FBDCFE9D" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF26FF60FE6CFF24" blockId="25.[136,1451,158,257]" box="[136,419,158,184]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF26FF60FEEBFF24" bold="true" box="[136,292,158,184]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Distribution:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFEEEFF60FE50FF24" box="[320,415,158,184]" name="Ecuador" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8628475BFFBE850DFF13FF3CFBDCFE9D" blockId="25.[136,1451,158,257]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFF13FF3CFEE9FF40" bold="true" box="[189,294,194,220]" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species is endemic to high mountains of
<collectingRegion id="445389B9FFBE850DFCB2FF3DFC23FF40" box="[796,1004,194,221]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Zamora Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
of southeastern
<collectingCountry id="FE8007CBFFBE850DFB0EFF3CFACFFF40" box="[1184,1280,194,220]" name="Ecuador" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. It is caespitose with slender ramicauls that are longer than the leaves, similar to
<taxonomicName id="41973CD8FFBE850DFCF5FF19FBC3FE9C" authorityName="Luer" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Ames &amp; Schweinfurt" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[859,1036,230,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Myoxanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsuticaulis">
<emphasis id="B4E39B49FFBE850DFCF5FF19FBC3FE9C" box="[859,1036,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="236">M. hirsuticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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