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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152023618" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FBED7390477307E3515420DC78F8E95F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FBED7390477307E3515420DC78F8E95F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName LSID="Registration Identifier: IndexFungorum IF550185" authority="Dentinger, A. M. Ainsw., &amp; P. F. Cannon" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus Dentinger, A.M.Ainsw., &amp; P.F.Cannon</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="6" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<taxonomicName id="958889225AF79C92583BD2BE45CED242" ID-CoL="6KHPH" LSID="Registration Identifier: IndexFungorum IF550185" authority="Dentinger, A. M. Ainsw., &amp; P. F. Cannon" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus Dentinger, A.M.Ainsw., &amp; P.F.Cannon</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="40AF8EFE9CBD8A8066BAEA53CD59C766" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 4-6
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
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<paragraph id="9D34789240984222DE42DB5C685DBCE3" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="194F75133F02AF2F2AE201853D134F9F" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
UNITED KINGDOM. Wales. Pembrokeshire (vice county 45): Hundleton, Somerton Farm,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.664665">51°39.88'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F37DF79608E29B535F5AC99B0B79C823" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.664665">51°39.88'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.9923334">4°59.54'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="BA69456C0FBFA2FFC6F21931325B4A15" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.9923334">4°59.54'W</geoCoordinate>
(Nat. Grid Ref. SM931004), 11 Oct 2012, D.J.Harries DJH064B WX664 (K(M)181246)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection id="8F06F81630F18F40AFE7E00C8EEBA08B" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="219745804EF350CBCB5442CBB8788478" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FCE00023872C53F1C33350D5E42023C3" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
Pileus 10-25 mm diam., hemispherical to conical or campanulate, sometimes with incurved margin, becoming plano-convex or remaining broadly conical, often umbonate, sometimes with irregular, lobed outline, margin faintly to strongly translucently striate to half-way, viscid or at least very lubricous, sometimes partially flared, at first usually pink-brown to orange-brown (brick, rusty tawny to fulvous), margin paler sometimes with orange (sienna to apricot) tints, hygrophanous, dried pilei dull orange (saffron to rust). Lamellae ventricose, mostly narrowly to broadly adnate with some slightly decurrent elements, intervenose, concolorous with pileus near pileal attachment, becoming paler towards free edge. Stipe 12-60
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="999F3814565B596C44A1A2F67F18E54D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-8 mm, cylindrical or compressed, sometimes with clavate base, hollow, sometimes flexuose, viscid but usually slightly less so than pileus, apically concolorous with pileus, paler below, sometimes basally tinted orange (apricot). Dried lamellar trama (lens) often darker than subhymenium and lamellar surfaces. Green pigments entirely absent. Without distinctive taste or smell, although one specimen [K(M)181241*] was noted to have a faint rubbery smell reminiscent of
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus laetus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="laetus">Gliophorus laetus</taxonomicName>
. Spores [70, K(M)181241*, K(M)181245*, K(M)181246*] (6.5
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<taxonomicName id="23CB3AF67BCFEF06A30EBD0CB21894E4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus laetus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="laetus">Gliophorus laetus</taxonomicName>
. Spores [70, K(M)181241*, K(M)181245*, K(M)181246*] (6.5
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9.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(4.0
<normalizedToken originalValue=")4.55.5(">-)4.5-5.5(-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E561E909034E62D8A2BF845E6C081C8A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(4.0
<normalizedToken id="A40E2D53B2A096D694CAA1E09BA7ACA8" originalValue=")4.55.5(">-)4.5-5.5(-</normalizedToken>
6.0)
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F791564888C78C2F6D1D0DC76555274C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, per-basidioma mean values 7.5-8.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D1CB9F72A96A10AC14EFD301ADA150DB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, Q=1.3-1.8, mean 1.6, short-ellipsoidal to ellipsoidal, not constricted. Basidia predominantly 4-spored, clavate with attenuated base, (30
<normalizedToken originalValue=")34">-)34-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7FFD80DD2CB225962DB36E7B0B5D24C3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, Q=1.3-1.8, mean 1.6, short-ellipsoidal to ellipsoidal, not constricted. Basidia predominantly 4-spored, clavate with attenuated base, (30
<normalizedToken id="11249A1DA9C71B9C6FAC8F139EBD1B05" originalValue=")34">-)34-</normalizedToken>
57
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="20407C1881F7B61C0ED29C36DC163B83" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-9
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="BEF1BCB12B0EF74552E1243AD29EB233" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
excluding sterigmatal length (3.0-7.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="616D286251BBA431C5B20F95A779D593" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
). Clamp connections on basidia, within lamellar trama and pileipellis usually normal, occasionally with conspicuously looped hook cells (medallion clamps). Lamellar trama subregular, compartments 20-120
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B891F773F3C6B0E2220BA63422553349" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-21
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FF1E6A6765075E31981BE9CA72175945" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. Stipitipellis and pileipellis are ixotrichoderms.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<caption id="DD5D5A724C8643AE85CD9459EA644D08" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<paragraph id="D0A07AC1495DC81C2AFCEDC4A4C767D7" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
Figure 4. Basidiomata of
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2479FD0074DAD49E9A7A101D7252AA09" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
, scale bars represent 10 mm. Photographs
<normalizedToken originalValue="AD">A-D</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="365FFECA7036ABE238A7D9502AF1573F" originalValue="AD">A-D</normalizedToken>
by D.J. Harries taken in situ at, or of collectionsfrom, the type locality, and E by B.T.M.D. A, B K(M)181245* C, D K(M)181246* holotype E K(M)181241*.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<caption id="887728920A59F2805BA29A405DB69BD7" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<paragraph id="4B950D8B7D8CE94204E77AE8D73F5839" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
Figure 5. Microscopic characters of
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E5EC1530A835C72728E2C514E18FEDFE" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
, A mounted in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Melzers">Melzer's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="82A815FE3CEA0B6BC9A2A70981A68093" originalValue="Melzers">Melzer's</normalizedToken>
Reagent and
<normalizedToken originalValue="BD">B-D</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="0631972D2CDA4BECA3C64E46FC5E9578" originalValue="BD">B-D</normalizedToken>
(holotype) in Congo Red, scale bars represent 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. A Spores from lamellar squash K(M)181241*B Subregular lamellar trama from squash mount K(M)181246*
<normalizedToken originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E979B429D0FEDCE7231DABDA79B2AD3C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. A Spores from lamellar squash K(M)181241*B Subregular lamellar trama from squash mount K(M)181246*
<normalizedToken id="44BEE63CA41AB8171DE9F8CAB42D52A2" originalValue="CD">C-D</normalizedToken>
Basidia K(M)181246*.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<caption id="9A61ED871B18620DE5D5AE0414006FAF" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
<paragraph id="153FBCFBC71B0DA79CA341CC47C40F53" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
Figure 6. Distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus reginae" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="reginae">Gliophorus reginae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2CC9CB1C739C83FE943E9B7304B5E2FA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus reginae" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="reginae">Gliophorus reginae</taxonomicName>
(●) and
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="28C00B64B6FC3D4F8E80ADAD02D92F25" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
(▲) in Britain based on sequenced collections and plotted using SimpleMappr (
<bibRefCitation author="Shorthouse, DP" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" title="SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication-quality point maps." url="http://www.simplemappr.net" year="2010">Shorthouse 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="35DC371F665FB4399385E929559753FE" author="Shorthouse, DP" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" title="SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication-quality point maps." url="http://www.simplemappr.net" year="2010">Shorthouse 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Identified from two sites in west Wales (Merionethshire and Pembrokeshire) supported by DNA sequence data. Fruiting was probably observed at the type locality by D.J. Harries on 6 August 2009 but no material was kept.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="EA386361B19B5340786D4D6C15A9BA65" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FFB5400D605F08A4E69CB14A9EB95DCF" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9506CF1E592BD89E8644FE8B5B7CFFE" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Identified from two sites in west Wales (Merionethshire and Pembrokeshire) supported by DNA sequence data. Fruiting was probably observed at the type locality by D.J. Harries on 6 August 2009 but no material was kept.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="51">In unimproved short acid-neutral rough pasture in Merionethshire and found fruiting on bare soil near mosses on an almost vertical south-facing earth bank on farmland in Pembrokeshire.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="286892003DD92D7C402FE75E2CDDD388" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="8700278FCE60DB400F0FF5E3DA72EA32" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9BEC1BB2B8D01FF68FCFE291F7347427" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">In unimproved short acid-neutral rough pasture in Merionethshire and found fruiting on bare soil near mosses on an almost vertical south-facing earth bank on farmland in Pembrokeshire.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="52" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="BDF7C1AC5974919BEB701EBF39823CF3" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CB00B86EE49D3DD36C1B8CEA422F9366" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
<pageBreakToken id="6803B52E5831760D938CBA373012493B" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
<paragraph id="9F1D5F0F367529FBD9EAB7856F463798" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
Named to distinguish this European taxon from the morphologically similar
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Hygrophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hygrophorus perplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="perplexus">Hygrophorus perplexus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="407FA8E3BF000D5C1A169F16191A2568" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Hygrophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hygrophorus perplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="perplexus">Hygrophorus perplexus</taxonomicName>
A.H.Smith &amp; Hesler, a species with North American type material.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="53" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="53" start="start">Conservation</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="AB5955F99AF3061AF07413CC79C12C7E" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="E3B7970331539FBE911946F590A7FA97" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
<pageBreakToken id="1A54EC1318A58137DA8051B4A0868B25" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" start="start">Conservation</pageBreakToken>
status.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph id="0B5AB8A45AB421F4A9A0EEF3242736FA" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
Initially, it seemed likely that historic British collections assigned to
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Hygrocybe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hygrocybe psittacina" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="psittacina">Hygrocybe psittacina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D92336C07F923B51B488E2F4BCDE36BD" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Hygrocybe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hygrocybe psittacina" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="psittacina">Hygrocybe psittacina</taxonomicName>
var. perplexa would be redetermined as
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="47DEB63494CBB35E70619D6FEFB3F537" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
following DNA sequencing. However, two specimens filed in K under the former name yielded distinct ITS sequences (Fig. 1). Therefore, the distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7F3754DAA5C8FDF3C7EAE343C644CE76" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hygrophoraceae" genus="Gliophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gliophorus europerplexus" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="europerplexus">Gliophorus europerplexus</taxonomicName>
is currently unknown and it should be assessed as Data Deficient.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="53" type="other specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
<subSubSection id="B6E99CF85A6B311DA7688CC2A85818BF" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" type="other specimens examined">
<paragraph id="7349B6AEB0E149D7A30AA58C03299459" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="36C21980079C5E263CBF7AFB93609F28" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
United Kingdom. Wales. Merionethshire (vice county 48): Croesor, Cnicht,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.972332">52°58.34'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="6606B6632BF4FA95050190E2A4837010" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.972332">52°58.34'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.003667">4°0.22'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="E89F7418A4B955AA3279AE09A7044EC8" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.003667">4°0.22'W</geoCoordinate>
(Nat. Grid Ref. SH64 but estimated to be SH655435 for conversion to latitude and longitude), 11 Oct 2011, E.J.M.Arnolds WX359 (K(M)181241*). Pembrokeshire (vice county 45): Hundleton, Somerton Farm,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.664665">51°39.88'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="712015ABB0F77601A6389EDA6D257277" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.664665">51°39.88'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.9923334">4°59.54'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F14243CE74B96CEF790388DDD74B3F46" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.9923334">4°59.54'W</geoCoordinate>
(Nat. Grid Ref. SM931004), 19 Aug 2012, D.J.Harries DJH064A WX663 (K(M)181245*; immature).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>