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(
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA26FF86FDC3F9C65BB5E3A0" box="[610,719,1647,1671]" captionStart-0="Figures 12. 1" captionStart-1="Figures 310" captionStart-2="Figures 1115" captionStart-3="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId-0="1.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionStartId-1="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionStartId-2="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionStartId-3="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,1525,1941]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetBox-2="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId-0="figure-492@1.[189,1398,1525,1941]" captionTargetId-1="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId-2="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetId-3="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="Figures 12. 1. Authors are peeling bark of infested pine tree by Monochamus alternatus to investigate the parasitoids in the Wildlife Park forest, suburbs of Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 3.VI.2010; 2. Larvae and a female adult of Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov. parasitizing on the larva of Monochamus alternatus found in one of the cerambycid gallery." captionText-1="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." captionText-2="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." captionText-3="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="2" pageNumber="260">Figs 224</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA26FF86FDC3F9C65BB5E3A0" box="[610,719,1647,1671]" captionStart-0="Figures 12. 1" captionStart-1="Figures 310" captionStart-2="Figures 1115" captionStart-3="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId-0="1.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionStartId-1="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionStartId-2="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionStartId-3="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,1525,1941]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetBox-2="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId-0="figure-492@1.[189,1398,1525,1941]" captionTargetId-1="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId-2="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetId-3="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="Figures 12. 1. Authors are peeling bark of infested pine tree by Monochamus alternatus to investigate the parasitoids in the Wildlife Park forest, suburbs of Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 3.VI.2010; 2. Larvae and a female adult of Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov. parasitizing on the larva of Monochamus alternatus found in one of the cerambycid gallery." captionText-1="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." captionText-2="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." captionText-3="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815720" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815724" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815728" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/12815720/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/12815724/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/12815728/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="260">Figs 224</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
@ -157,14 +160,14 @@ Diagnosis. The new species is close to
e Yang &amp; Yao, 2012, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: alate female forewing dark infuscate and only paler medially, veins brown black, pterostigma short and punctiform, anal vein well developed (
<emphasis id="B92A265AFA26FF86FDFBF8855B0DE264" box="[602,631,1836,1859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="260">vs.</emphasis>
forewing hyaline only slightly infuscate on apical 1/5, veins yellow brown, pterostigma absent, anal vein indistinct); apterous female with pronotal disc 1.0 times as long as width, sternum one with 2 lines of setae medially from base to apical and with 4 bristles close to hind margin (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA26FF86FBAEF8D85D26E2AE" box="[1039,1116,1905,1929]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." pageId="2" pageNumber="260">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA26FF86FBAEF8D85D26E2AE" box="[1039,1116,1905,1929]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="260">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="B92A265AFA26FF86FBD4F8D85DE8E2AF" box="[1141,1170,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="260">vs.</emphasis>
pronotal disc 1.2 times as long as width, sternum one with more setae medially and without the 4 bristles close to hind margin); male with forewing infuscate and veins dark brown, length of pedicel + flagellum 1.8 times of head width (
<emphasis id="B92A265AFA26FF86FBBAF81E5D42E2E9" box="[1051,1080,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="260">vs.</emphasis>
forewing hyaline and veins yellow brown, length of pedicel + flagellum 1.5 times of head width).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF21AAC0FA27FF87FF3AF8605B2FED38" pageId="3" pageNumber="261" startId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" targetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF21AAC0FA27FF87FF3AF8605B2FED38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815724" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12815724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815724/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="261" startId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" targetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA27FF87FF3AF8605B2FED38" blockId="3.[155,1433,1993,2079]" pageId="3" pageNumber="261">
Figures 310.
<taxonomicName id="4C5E81CBFA27FF87FE86F8605B2CE2F9" authority="Yang" authorityName="Yang" authorityYear="2024" box="[295,598,1993,2014]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Sclerodermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternatusi" status="sp. nov.">
@ -182,7 +185,7 @@ Yang
Description.
<typeStatus id="54E544EAFA20FF80FEE9FF4558D5E423" box="[328,431,236,260]" pageId="4" pageNumber="262" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. Alate female (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA20FF80FDF0FF455BBBE422" box="[593,705,236,261]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="4" pageNumber="262">Figs 310</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA20FF80FDF0FF455BBBE422" box="[593,705,236,261]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815724/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="262">Figs 310</figureCitation>
). Full winged, LT
<quantity id="4CA657ADFA20FF80FC2AFF445AA6E423" box="[907,988,237,261]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="262" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
, LH
@ -206,26 +209,26 @@ Description.
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA20FF80FF1CFE9B5A72E4A8" blockId="4.[136,1452,236,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="262">Body brownish black with weak black tint; antenna, mandible, labial and maxillary palps, trochanters, tibiae and tarsi fulvous, all coxae concolor with body; femora and tibiae dark brown; forewing slightly infuscate, hindwing subhyaline, wing veins yellowish brown; terga 26 with hind margin fulvous.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA20FF80FF1CFE335A00E62B" blockId="4.[136,1452,236,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="262">
Head (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA20FF80FEA6FE335813E495" box="[263,361,410,434]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="4" pageNumber="262">Figs 36</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA20FF80FEA6FE335813E495" box="[263,361,410,434]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815724/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="262">Figs 36</figureCitation>
) 1.2 times of width; frons, vertex and gena evenly convex with very dense and delicate engraved reticulation, as well as sparse white short setae; ocelli forming equilateral triangle; OOL 2.0 times of WOT and 6.4 times of POL; POL as long as AOL, DAO
<quantity id="4CA657ADFA20FF80FDA9FE765B0EE4D1" box="[520,628,479,503]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3999999999999995" pageId="4" pageNumber="262" unit="mm" value="0.044">0.044 mm</quantity>
; frons width 1.38 times of eye height; eyes bare; distance between median ocellus and eye 1.14 times of eye height; face sunken at position about to lower margin of eyes as declivity and with a longitudinal shallow sulcus medially in declivity; antennal bases located at lower margin of declivity; distance between toruli 1/2 of their own width, and distance between torulus and eye 1.86 times of torulus width; malar space 0.6 times of torulus width and 0.33 times of mandible basal width; mandible with three teeth and third one smallest; clypeus triangular, modified as inversed “V” shape lamina located between toruli. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA20FF80FC82FD255AFBE783" box="[803,897,652,676]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="4" pageNumber="262">Figs 56</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA20FF80FC82FD255AFBE783" box="[803,897,652,676]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815724/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="262">Figs 56</figureCitation>
) with short but dense suberected setae; scape curved slightly and clavated apically and with length nearly as long as eye height (26: 28), its apical width 0.38 times of length; length and width of scape, pedicel, and flagellum segments 111 as following proportions: 78(26), 24(15), 14(10), 13(12), 14(14), 16(16), 17(17), 14(17), 16(17), 16(17), 16(17), 17(17), 36(17).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA20FF80FF1CFCBE5A66E6FB" blockId="4.[136,1452,236,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="262">
Mesosoma (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA20FF80FEE3FCBE58FEE608" box="[322,388,791,815]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="4" pageNumber="262">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA20FF80FEE3FCBE58FEE608" box="[322,388,791,815]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815724/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="262">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) with delicate and dense engraved reticulation appearing subpolished, scattered with sparse short brown setae. Setae denser and longer at lateral sides of pronotal flange. Scutellum having about 26 setae scattered laterally and posteriorly, and more obvious than those on pronotum and mesonotum (observed at dorso-laterally). Pronotum campanulate-shaped, distinctly and evenly convex, length of disc 0.8 times as long as its maximum width; posterior margin incurved medially; length of pronotal flange 0.27 times of pronotal disc length; pronotum (including pronotal flange) 0.90 times of mesoscutum and 0.47 times remainder of mesosoma.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA20FF82FF1CFC4E5A90E73D" blockId="4.[136,1452,236,1023]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,236,2063]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="4" pageNumber="262">
Mesoscutum strongly convex and being highest at mesosoma, 0.58 times of maximum width and without notauli; scutellum tongue-shaped, relatively convex and flattened dorsally and 0.70 times of mesoscutum, and about 0.88 times of width; scutellar pits connected by a transverse furrow. Propodeum nearly rectangular, slightly and evenly convex dorsally, and nearly at same level with mesoscutum; its length (including propodeal declivity) as long as maximum width (between two anterior corners), and 1.32 times of mesonotum, 1.25 times of pronotum (with flange); propodeal disc at anterior third slightly constricted; anterior corners distinctly expanded outwards and thus width here 1.4 times of width along posterior margin; disc at anterior 1/6 with raised oblique striations laterally and other part of disc with delicate dense engraved reticulations; propodeal declivity descending at about 110° with disc without sharp angle. Mesopleuron bulged considerably with delicate fine reticulation and sparse setae. Forewing (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FD4CFE335A51E495" box="[749,811,410,434]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FD4CFE335A51E495" box="[749,811,410,434]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815724/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) 3.4 times of width; outer margin with long fringe; subcosta, median and basal veins well developed and thus composing distinct basal cell; stub vein (Rs+M) conspicuous and extending down-outwards and touching anal vein which being well developed and thus forming clear submedian cell; prostigma stublike; pterostigma short, punctiform; radial vein absent. Hindwing (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FCECFDAB5AF6E73D" box="[845,908,514,538]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FCECFDAB5AF6E73D" box="[845,908,514,538]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815724/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) simple.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF21AAC0FA20FF80FF3AF86158D0ED3A" pageId="4" pageNumber="262" startId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" targetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF21AAC0FA20FF80FF3AF86158D0ED3A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="262" startId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" targetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA20FF80FF3AF86158D0ED3A" blockId="4.[155,1433,1992,2078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="262">
Figures 1115.
<taxonomicName id="4C5E81CBFA20FF80FE93F8615B1BE2FA" authority="Yang" authorityName="Yang" authorityYear="2024" box="[306,609,1992,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Sclerodermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternatusi" status="sp. nov.">
@ -239,7 +242,7 @@ Yang
, apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF21AAC0FA21FF81FF3AF86C5D37ED3C" pageId="5" pageNumber="263" startId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" targetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF21AAC0FA21FF81FF3AF86C5D37ED3C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815728" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12815728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815728/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="263" startId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" targetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA21FF81FF3AF86C5D37ED3C" blockId="5.[155,1433,1989,2075]" pageId="5" pageNumber="263">
Figures 1624. 16.
<taxonomicName id="4C5E81CBFA21FF81FEF8F86C5BF0E2FD" authority="Yang" authorityName="Yang" authorityYear="2024" box="[345,650,1989,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Sclerodermus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="263" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternatusi" status="sp. nov.">
@ -255,15 +258,15 @@ Yang
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA22FF82FF1CFD8C58A9E653" blockId="6.[136,1452,236,2063]" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">
Metasoma (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE98FD8D58DFE71B" box="[313,421,548,572]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 910</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE98FD8D58DFE71B" box="[313,421,548,572]" captionStart="Figures 310" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-70@3.[189,1399,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 310. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate female. 3. Whole body in dorsal view; 4. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 5. Head, antennae in lateral view; 6. Antenna in lateral view; 7. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 8. Fore- and hind- wing; 9. Metasoma in dorsal view; 10. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815724/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 910</figureCitation>
) with very short but distinct petiole, having several longitudinal carinae dorsally; gaster laceolate, about 2.4 times of width; its width 1.4 times of mesoscutum and 1.3 times of head; its length 1.6 times of mesosoma; terga nearly polished but with reticulation more superficial than those on mesosoma, and with sparse setae, tergum 47 with several long setae besides normal setae; posterior margin of tergum 1 with posterior margin half circular; terga 25 with transverse impression forming a pair of submedial posteriorly directed angles near posterior margin; tergum 6 with hind margin curved posteriorly; tergum 7 triangulate and prominent apically. Sternum 1 with hind margin curved posteriorly, sternum 24 with transverse impression having a pair of submedial posteriorly directed angles as on terga; sternum 1 at anterior 3/4 medially with relative dense setae and not arranged as two longitudinal rows besides setae decumbent along posterior 1/4, and its basal part with four erect bristles too; sternum 25 scattered short setae along posterior margin, as well as 416 erect bristles (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FED6FCF558BCE653" box="[375,454,860,884]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FED6FCF558BCE653" box="[375,454,860,884]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA22FF82FF1CFCD65B50E163" blockId="6.[136,1452,236,2063]" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">
<typeStatus id="54E544EAFA22FF82FF1CFCD65864E6B0" box="[189,286,895,919]" pageId="6" pageNumber="264" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
. Apterous female (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE50FCD65B09E6B0" box="[497,627,895,919]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 11, 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE50FCD65B09E6B0" box="[497,627,895,919]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 11, 15</figureCitation>
). Body castaneous with pronotal flange and posterior margin of pronotum yellowish brown; mesoscutum and tail part of metasoma testaceous; all segments of antennae testaceous; legs with coxae and femora concolor with body, all tibiae brown and tarsi testaceous; clypeus and mandible yellowish brown, teeth and lower part of mandible castaceous. Other characters similar to alate female; head and metasoma with more delicate superficial reticulation than those on mesosoma. LT
<quantity id="4CA657ADFA22FF82FD14FBA35A68E106" box="[693,786,1034,1058]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="6" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="3.81">3.81mm</quantity>
, LH
@ -284,45 +287,45 @@ Metasoma (
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA22FF82FF1CFBE65A2FE05B" blockId="6.[136,1452,236,2063]" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">
Head (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FEA7FBE658FBE140" box="[262,385,1103,1127]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 1113</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FEA7FBE658FBE140" box="[262,385,1103,1127]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 1113</figureCitation>
) in front view with length 1.20 times of width, and sides convergent downwards with upper side slightly wider than lower (1.26 times); frons evenly convex with distinctly delicate engraved reticulation and scattered sparse setae; ocelli absent; anterior margin of clypeus raised as inverted “V” shape; mandible with three teeth, basal tooth smallest and second smaller than front, front one largest. Torulus close each other; antenna filamentary; antennal (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FB4BFB1E5C4CE1E8" box="[1258,1334,1207,1231]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FB4BFB1E5C4CE1E8" box="[1258,1334,1207,1231]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
) flagellum with short and dense suberected setae; scape curved and gradually thicken toward apex, as well as planate ventrally, its dorsal side smooth with sparse setae; pedicel drum-like and politus; length and width of scape, pedicel and flagellum 111 as following proportions: 80(25), 22(16), 14(12), 11(13), 11(13), 12(14), 15(15), 16(15), 17(16), 16(15), 17(15), 16(14), 32(14). Flagellum 1 constricted basally; length of apical flagellum about 2.30 times of its maximum width. HE
<quantity id="4CA657ADFA22FF82FAE9FAEB5CDDE07E" box="[1352,1447,1346,1370]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
, WF 1.67 times of HE; LH 1.18 times of WH. WH 3.1 times of HE.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA22FF82FF1CFA2E5B4DE30D" blockId="6.[136,1452,236,2063]" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">
Mesosoma. Pronotal disc (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE78FA2E5B29E0B8" box="[473,595,1415,1439]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 11, 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE78FA2E5B29E0B8" box="[473,595,1415,1439]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 11, 13</figureCitation>
) 1.04 times of its width, posterior margin nearly straight, and length of pronotal flange 0.16 times of pronotal disc. Mesoscutum absent; scutellum well developed (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FC53FA035D44E0E5" box="[1010,1086,1450,1474]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FC53FA035D44E0E5" box="[1010,1086,1450,1474]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
) with shape tongue-like, its length 0.56 times of pronotum and 0.61 times of propodeum. Propodeum slightly constricted submedially, length 1.14 times of width in dorsal view, and basal width 0.90 times of posterior width; posterior corners bluntly angled. All mesosoma segments with dense delicate engrave reticulation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA22FF82FF1CF99C5B58E3F0" blockId="6.[136,1452,236,2063]" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">
Metasoma (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE9DF99D58C2E36B" box="[316,440,1588,1612]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 1415</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE9DF99D58C2E36B" box="[316,440,1588,1612]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 1415</figureCitation>
) in dorsal view lanceolate in shape, terga with reticulation superficial and more delicate than those on mesosoma; gaster terga with maximum width longer than mesosoma (2.0 times) and head (1.38 times); other characters as in alate female but bristles on tergum 47 longer than those on alate female; setae on sternum 1 denser and not arranged as two lines medially from basal to apical, and with four bristles close to posterior margin; setae and bristles on sterna 25 as in alate female (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE67F9165B6FE3F0" box="[454,533,1727,1751]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FE67F9165B6FE3F0" box="[454,533,1727,1751]" captionStart="Figures 1115" captionStartId="4.[155,227,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[212,1387,1090,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-455@4.[189,1398,1090,1959]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1115. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., apterous female. 11. Whole body in dorsal view; 12. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 13. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 14. Metasoma in dorsal view; 15. Metasoma in ventral view (the arrow pointing the two lines of setae on sternum 1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA22FF82FF1CF94B59A4E218" blockId="6.[136,1452,236,2063]" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">
Alate male (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FEE0F94B58C5E3DE" box="[321,447,1761,1786]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 1624</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FEE0F94B58C5E3DE" box="[321,447,1761,1786]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815728/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 1624</figureCitation>
). Full winged; LT
<quantity id="4CA657ADFA22FF82FD28F94B5BA0E3DE" box="[649,730,1762,1786]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
, fuscco-rufous to brown black; antennae, tibiae and tarsi lutescens, other segments of legs concolor with body; forewing infuscate but slightly paler than that of alate female; hindwing nearly hyaline.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA22FF83FF1CF8E35BB1E4A9" blockId="6.[136,1452,236,2063]" lastBlockId="7.[136,1452,236,1508]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="265" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">
Head (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FEA4F8E358FAE245" box="[261,384,1866,1890]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 1618</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FEA4F8E358FAE245" box="[261,384,1866,1890]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815728/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 1618</figureCitation>
) in front view subround, length 1.06 times of width; mandible with four teeth. Antennal (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FAEDF8E359D9E2A3" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 16 18</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA22FF82FAEDF8E359D9E2A3" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815728/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="264">Figs 16 18</figureCitation>
) flagellum long and filiform; scape curved dorso-ventrally with shape spoon-like and length 2.1 times of width, its dorsum and venter with superficial engraved delicate reticulation, as well as sparse short setae dorsally; pedicel oviform with length 1.8 times of width; flagellum 111 with relative length and width as follows: 19(14), 16(14), 20(16), 20(17), 20(16), 20(16), 20(15), 21(15), 22(14), 22(14), 40(13); last flagellum segment longest and blunt apically; each flagellum segment with short and dense setae; combined length of pedicel plus flagellum 1.8 times of head width. Eyes and ocelli distinctly bulged; OOL 1.1 times of WOT; POL 1.0 times of AOL. Frons 1.35 times as wide as eye height; distance between median ocellus and eye 0.7 times of eye height. Mesosoma 2.3 times as long as width. Forewing with veins same as alate female (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA23FF83FAECFEA65CE5E400" box="[1357,1439,271,295]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="265">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA23FF83FAECFEA65CE5E400" box="[1357,1439,271,295]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815728/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="265">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
). Metasoma (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA23FF83FEA6FE9B58AEE46D" box="[263,468,306,330]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="265">Figs 1617, 2324</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA23FF83FEA6FE9B58AEE46D" box="[263,468,306,330]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815728/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="265">Figs 1617, 2324</figureCitation>
) 2.65 times as long as width, and 1.14 times of mesosoma; metasomal terga with size and form about same as alate female; petiole ventrally with dense raised reticulation; sternum 1 with about 14 setae lined as two lines medially (
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA23FF83FE8CFEDE5807E4A8" box="[301,381,375,399]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="265">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1365E6CDFA23FF83FE8CFEDE5807E4A8" box="[301,381,375,399]" captionStart="Figures 1624. 16" captionStartId="5.[155,227,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-111@5.[189,1399,339,1957]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1624. 16. Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov., alate male. 16. Whole body in dorsal view; 17. Whole body in lateral view; 18. Head and antennae in dorsal view; 19. Head and antennae in lateral view; 20. Antenna in lateral view; 21. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 22. Fore- and hindwing; 23. Metasoma in dorsal view; 24. Metasoma in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815728/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="265">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
); other sterna with dense setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1FA48FA23FF83FF1CFE335D33E4F3" blockId="7.[136,1452,236,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="265">Variation. Some apterous females and males varies in color: body yellow brown, some even black, some with head, mesosoma and tergum yellowish brown; some individuals with antennae and tarsi yellow.</paragraph>