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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.878.37845" ID-GBIF-Dataset="faa91fff-ad2f-44bc-8309-388d6755f640" ID-PMC="PMC6791898" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-878-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C0F938DD0EFE5A18BB267539EC83EFDB" ID-PubMed="31632176" ID-ZooBank="BCE3960BE7C6418FB8802978DF9F099E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-878-33" checkinTime="1570497201903" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hopkins, Tapani, Roininen, Heikki, Noort, Simon van, Broad, Gavin R., Kaunisto, Kari &amp; Saeaeksjaervi, Ilari E." docDate="2019" docId="C8AD248043A052F49C2B51A04A3F54DA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 878: 33-71" docOrigin="ZooKeys 878" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.878.37845" docTitle="Epirhyssa villemantae Rousse &amp; van Noort 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="C0F938DD0EFE5A18BB267539EC83EFDB" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="C0F938DD0EFE5A18BB267539EC83EFDB" masterDocTitle="Extensive sampling and thorough taxonomic assessment of Afrotropical Rhyssinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) reveals two new species and demonstrates the limitations of previous sampling efforts" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1668167851423" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Extensive sampling and thorough taxonomic assessment of Afrotropical Rhyssinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) reveals two new species and demonstrates the limitations of previous sampling efforts</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hopkins, Tapani</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Roininen, Heikki</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kaunisto, Kari</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Saeaeksjaervi, Ilari E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>878</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>33</mods:start>
<mods:end>71</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.878.37845</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.878.37845</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-878-33</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">BCE3960BE7C6418FB8802978DF9F099E</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">C0F938DD0EFE5A18BB267539EC83EFDB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159654849" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C8AD248043A052F49C2B51A04A3F54DA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C8AD248043A052F49C2B51A04A3F54DA" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName LSID="C8AD2480-43A0-52F4-9C2B-51A04A3F54DA" authority="Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2014" authorityName="Rousse &amp; van Noort" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Epirhyssa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epirhyssa villemantae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villemantae">Epirhyssa villemantae Rousse &amp; van Noort, 2014</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 68–71" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 68 - 71. Epirhyssa villemantae female (holotype). This species was not found in Uganda. 68 Habitus 69 hypostomal flange 70 mesopleuron dorsal margin 71 apical horn of metasoma. Figure 68 is from van Noort (2019)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.878.37845.figures68-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345031" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.878.37845.figures68-71">Figs 68-71</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Type material</emphasis>
: NIGERIA:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
• 1 ♀, holotype; &quot;Ilorin Prov.&quot; [
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.8">06°48'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="05" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="5.3">05°18'E</geoCoordinate>
]; &quot;18 Jun. 192&quot; [18 Jun 1921?]; &quot;De. G.W.S. Macfie&quot; leg.; &quot;Pres. by Imp. Bur. Ent. 1921
<normalizedToken originalValue="–129”">-129&quot;</normalizedToken>
; NHMUK.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Known material</emphasis>
: One specimen (1 ♀, see
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.91" author="Rousse, P" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 42" refId="B15" refString="Rousse, P, van Noort, S, 2014. A review of the Afrotropical Rhyssinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) with the descriptions of five new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 91: 1 - 42" title="A review of the Afrotropical Rhyssinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) with the descriptions of five new species." url="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.91" volume="91" year="2014">Rousse and van Noort 2014</bibRefCitation>
, data above).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
This species can be distinguished from other Afrotropical
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Rhyssinae">Rhyssinae</taxonomicName>
by the combination of lateral carinae on the frons and the absence of a raised flange on the dorsal margin of the mesopleuron. No other species has the same colour pattern.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Head</emphasis>
: frons with median carinae diverging towards ocelli, with lateral carinae curving towards lateral ocelli; hypostomal carina raised into an elevated flange, its height greater than the maximum width of the second maxillary palp segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Mesosoma</emphasis>
: subalar prominence without a lateral flange; mesopleuron without a flange along the dorsal margin; epicnemial carina reaches the approximate height of the mesopleural pit.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Metasoma</emphasis>
: tip of apical horn elliptical in posterior view; tergite 3 mostly smooth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Nigeria.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.878.37845.figures68-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/345031" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figures 68–71" startId="F15">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figures 68-71.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Epirhyssa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epirhyssa villemantae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villemantae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Epirhyssa villemantae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (holotype). This species was not found in Uganda.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">68</emphasis>
Habitus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">69</emphasis>
hypostomal flange
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">70</emphasis>
mesopleuron dorsal margin
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">71</emphasis>
apical horn of metasoma. Figure
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">68</emphasis>
is from
<bibRefCitation author="van Noort, S" journalOrPublisher="California Academy of Sciences Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" publicationUrl="www.waspweb.org" refId="B22" refString="van Noort, S, 2019. . www.waspweb.org" url="www.waspweb.org" year="2019">van Noort (2019)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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data/C8/AD/D9/C8ADD98A70821E3C179F7386A59A2194.xml Normal file
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e93bf22f-c936-4333-bd55-9f649c6145e3" ID-PMC="PMC3677383" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-281-1" ID-PubMed="23794833" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-281-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 281" ModsDocTitle="An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae)" checkinTime="1451247523662" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Manconi, Renata, Cadeddu, Barbara, Ledda, Fabio &amp; Pronzato, Roberto" docDate="2013" docId="C8ADD98A70821E3C179F7386A59A2194" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 281: 1-68" docOrigin="ZooKeys 281" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171" docTitle="Pleraplysilla minchini Topsent 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="C072CF22FF8D1B0DFFEDFC74FFD1FFD2" masterDocTitle="An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1668155531944" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Manconi, Renata</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cadeddu, Barbara</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ledda, Fabio</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pronzato, Roberto</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>281</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>68</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-281-1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042103" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C8ADD98A70821E3C179F7386A59A2194" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C8ADD98A70821E3C179F7386A59A2194" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Pleraplysilla_minchini" authority="Topsent, 1905" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1905" class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Pleraplysilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pleraplysilla minchini" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="minchini">
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">Pleraplysilla</pageBreakToken>
minchini Topsent, 1905
</taxonomicName>
Fig. 13
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Pleraplysilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pleraplysilla minchini" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="minchini">Pleraplysilla minchini</taxonomicName>
Topsent, 1905: 184.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Growth form encrusting (1-5 mm in thickness). Consistency soft. Colour light brown to light grey. Surface finely conulose. Exhalant canals evident on the sponge surface, converging in scattered oscules 1-2 mm in diameter. Flagellate chambers from oval to rounded (50-90
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in diameter). Skeleton typically dendritic with fibres (1-3 mm in height ca. 160
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in diameter at their base) rising from a basal plate. Fibres laminated, normally with a single apex supporting a conule but, in some cases, arborescent with 2-3 branches. Fibres evidently cored with irregularly dense foreign debris, mainly spicule fragments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cave, rocky bottom, artificial reefs. Bathymetric range 1-30 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="mediterranean caves">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mediterranean caves.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Niolon Cave (Gulf of Lions); Monte Vico, Secca delle Formiche-Vivara, Mago caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) (
<bibRefCitation author="Laborel, J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 20" title="Etude des peuplements d'une grotte sous-marine du Golfe de Marseille." volume="55" year="1958">Laborel and Vacelet 1958</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Pulitzer-Finali, G" journalOrPublisher="Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="83 - 104" title="Report on a collection of sponges from the Bay of Naples. II Keratosa." volume="40" year="1976">Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pansini et al. 1977</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Pulitzer-Finali, G" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti di Biologia dell'Universita di Genova" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="7 - 89" title="Report on a collection of sponges from the Bay of Naples. III. Hadromerida, Axinellida, Poecilosclerida, Halichondrida, Haplosclerida." volume="44" year="1977">Pulitzer-Finali 1977</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pronzato and Manconi 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
As for diagnostic traits the genus
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Pleraplysilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pleraplysilla" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Pleraplysilla</taxonomicName>
is anomalous among the Dictyoceratida, for the trait 'dendritic not anastomosing
<normalizedToken originalValue="skeleton’">skeleton'</normalizedToken>
. As for the taxonomic status
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Pleraplysilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pleraplysilla minchini" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="minchini">Pleraplysilla minchini</taxonomicName>
is regarded by
<bibRefCitation author="Vacelet, J" journalOrPublisher="Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 101" title="Repartition generale des eponges et systematique des eponges cornees de la region de Marseille et de quelque station Mediterranee." volume="26" year="1959">Vacelet (1959)</bibRefCitation>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Pleraplysilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pleraplysilla spinifera" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinifera">Pleraplysilla spinifera</taxonomicName>
. Later authors, as
<bibRefCitation author="Cabioch, L" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="493 - 720" title="Contribution a la connaissance des peuplement benthiques de la Manche Occidentale." volume="9" year="1968">Cabioch (1968)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation author="Borojevic, R" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 44" title="Inventaire de la faune marine de Roscoff. Spongiaires." volume="9" year="1968">Borojevic et al. (1968)</bibRefCitation>
, considered both species as valid. The material available for our study seems to confirm a specific divergence between the two.
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Pleraplysilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pleraplysilla spinifera" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinifera">Pleraplysilla spinifera</taxonomicName>
is generally recognizable at sight by the very pronounced, spaced conules. Its fibres reach a length of 12 mm, with a thickness of
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">450</pageBreakToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
near the base; they are generally branched; sometimes more than one fibre starts from a common basal plate; the inclusions are mostly closely-packed sand grains. In
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Pleraplysilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pleraplysilla minchini" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="minchini">Pleraplysilla minchini</taxonomicName>
the fibres are less widely spaced, they reach not more than 3 mm in length and a diameter of 160
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
near the base; they are generally not branched and there is a prevalence of sponge spicules in their inclusions.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Figure 13
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Pleraplysilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pleraplysilla minchini" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="minchini">Pleraplysilla minchini</taxonomicName>
. a encrusting specimens in a small facies (Mitigliano Cave) b detail of dendritic skeleton fibres with debris filling the axial core.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>