From 4750f4a81208753a7eed1d38b0779a982913dd57 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Mon, 9 Sep 2024 02:15:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2024-09-09 02:09:06 --- .../DC/0395DC54FFCCFFC5FF77FCDDFB7DFA6B.xml | 1177 +++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 1177 insertions(+) create mode 100644 data/03/95/DC/0395DC54FFCCFFC5FF77FCDDFB7DFA6B.xml diff --git a/data/03/95/DC/0395DC54FFCCFFC5FF77FCDDFB7DFA6B.xml b/data/03/95/DC/0395DC54FFCCFFC5FF77FCDDFB7DFA6B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b218fd9a07d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/95/DC/0395DC54FFCCFFC5FF77FCDDFB7DFA6B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1177 @@ + + + +Echinoagave nievesiorum (Agavaceae, Asparagales): A new species from the Sierra Madre Occidental, Jalisco, Mexico + + + +Author + +Vázquez-García, J. Antonio +0000-0002-8393-5906 +Herbario IBUG, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, C. P. 45200, México +talaumaofeliae@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nuño-Rubio, Ana T. +0009-0002-8718-6225 +El Tuito, Cabo Corrientes, C. P. 48400, Jalisco, México +afrodita_11a@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +García-Morales, Leccinum Jesús +0000-0003-0907-0673 +Departamento de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México-Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Victoria (ITCV), Ciudad Victoria C. P. 87010, Mexico +lexgarcia@yahoo.com + + + +Author + +Lomelí-Hernández, Juan Luis +0009-0005-1038-2289 +Herbario IBUG, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, C. P. 45200, México +juan.lomeli4617@alumnos.udg.mx + + + +Author + +Cházaro-Basáñez, Miguel. J. + + + +Author + +Padilla-Lepe, Jesús +0000-0002-7165-8040 +Herbario IBUG, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, C. P. 45200, México +ludtita@yahoo.com + + + +Author + +Cristóbal-Gabriel, Saúl +0009-0008-7394-8042 +Herbario IBUG, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, C. P. 45200, México +scaristobal24@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Hernández-Vera, Gerardo +0000-0001-9215-6851 +Herbario IBUG, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, C. P. 45200, México +gerardohvera@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Muñiz- Castro, Miguel Á. +0000-0002-9127-057X +Herbario IBUG, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez No. 2100, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, C. P. 45200, México +miguel.muniz@academicos.udg.mx + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2024 + +2024-05-09 + + +647 + + +2 + + +144 +158 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.647.2.2 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.647.2.2 +1179-3163 +13215626 + + + + + + +Echinoagave nievesiorum +A. Vázquez, A.T. Nuño, Cházaro, Padilla-Lepe & García-Mor. + + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 1–4 +). + + + + + + +Type:— +MEXICO +. +Jalisco +: Municipio de +Bolaños +, +Cercanías de Las Azucenas +, +Sierra Huichola +, +Cerro La Gallina +, +21°52’18.20”N +, +103°50’23.93”W +, elev. + +2286 m + +, con + +Brahea sarukhanii + +y + +Dasylirion acrotrichum + +(floreció en cultivo en Huentitán El Alto, Guadalajara, 8 años después de haber sido recolectado), + +April 2021 + +(fl., bd.), + +J. Antonio Vázquez-García +10286 w/Ana Teresa Nuño-Rubio & Jesús Padilla-Lepe + +( +holotype +: +IBUG +!). + + + + + +Diagnosis:— + +Echinoagave nievesiorum + +shares with + +E. rzedowskiana + +a similar rosette size and cespitose habit, rigid leaves, length of flowers, ovaries, tepal lobes, and size of capsules; however, it differs from the latter by having mature leaves bluish-white to whitish (vs. pale-green to green), narrower at the widest part (12.0– +12.5 mm +vs. 13.0–14.0 mm), and narrower at the middle of the leaves (6.0– +6.5 mm +vs. 7.0–10.0 mm); leaf sheaths shorter (9.0–11.0 mm vs. 28.0–34.0 mm), triangular and wider at the base (vs. rectangular and wider above the base); inflorescences usually straight and erect, sometimes vertically-curved or geniculate, rarely dropping (vs. usually horizontally-curved, often dropping and sinuous) narrower ovary width ( +4.5–5.1 mm +vs. +5.7–7.5 mm +); shorter tube length ( +5.5–6.4 mm +vs. 7.0–10.0 mm); tepal lobes at anthesis converging and tightening the filaments (vs. diverging and not tightening the filaments); larger filament length to flower length ratio (2.0–2.3 vs. 1.8–1.9); fruiting spike narrowly pyramydal thicker ( +3.5–4.5 cm +vs. +2.4–2.5 cm +) and denser with the peduncle covered by the capsules and the bracts usually deciduous (vs. cylindroid, slim and lax, with the peduncle conspicuous and the bracts usually persistent); mature capsules broadly ellipsoid with dorsally blackish and opaque valves (vs. broadly ovoid, slightly depressed, with dorsally light brown and shiny valves) ( +Table 1 +). + + + + +Description:— +Perennial, caespitose rosette 35.0–55.0 cm in diameter, 20.0–40.0 cm tall, hemispherical, compact, bluish-white to whitish. Leaves 29.5–32.0 × 1.2–1.25 × +0.2–0.4 cm +, sheath length 9.0–11.0 mm, linear-triangular, straight or falcate, rigid, acuminate at the apex, grooved on both surfaces, bluish-white to whitish when mature, green when young; margin non-hyaline, crenate-dentate, 19 teeth per cm; spines 2.5–2.8 × +1.6–2.2 mm +; terminal spine blackish at apex, base brown. Inflorescence 130.0–155.0 × +4.3–4.7 cm +, usually straight and erect, sometimes curved or geniculate, rarely sinuous or dropping; fertile portion 17.5–38.0 cm, spike narrowly pyramidal dense, oblongoid to obtrullate, truncate at the base and acute at the apex; peduncle bracts 6.5–9.0 × +0.4–0.5 cm +, linear, broadest at the sheath base, narrowing towards the apex, needle-like, greyish-white, brown base; flower bracts 2.0–2.3 × 1.0– +1.5 cm +, longer than flowers, triangular, caudate at apex, greyish-white. Flowers 65–70 pairs per spike, 21.7–23.5 × 14.0–16.0 mm, funnel-shaped, red to pink; pedicels +2 mm +long on fruit. Ovary 7.0–7.8 × +4.5–5.1 mm +, cylindrical to fusiform, glabrous. Corolla tube 5.5–6.4 × 10.0–12.0 mm; tepals +4.5–5.5 mm +long, adaxially concave, the outer ones wider than the inner ones. Filaments +4.3–4.6 cm +long, brown at anthesis then turning purple. Anthers 9.0–12.0 mm long, centric, arched, oblong, and rounded at both ends, brownish to yellow or pinkish-purple. Style 4.5–6.0 cm long, filiform, sinuate to straight. Fruiting spike 18–21 × +3.5–4.5 cm +, narrowly pyramidal, covering ¼ of the length of the peduncle, capsules densely appressed hiding the peduncle, bracts usually deciduous. Capsules 0.8–1.1 × 0.8–1.0 cm, broadly ellipsoid, apically dehiscent, valves dorsally blackish and opaque; perianth deciduous. Seeds 3.24–3.53 × +1.68–2.15 mm +, laminate, lunate (“D” shape), one of the angles right, the other a cleft, the cleft +0.10–0.25 mm +deep, black (Fig. 7). + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Echinoagave nievesiorum + +. A. Fruiting rosette on top of Sierra Wixárika, Cerro El Gallo, Bolaños, Jalisco. B. Stages of flower and inflorescence development, from a specimen cultivated at Huentitán El Alto, Jalisco, México. C. Miguel Cházaro on Cerro El Gallo, Bolaños, Sierra Wixárika. D. At moist vertical cliffs with + +Dasylirion acrotrichum + +and + +Brahea sarukhanii + +at El Nalgazo, Bolaños, Photographs: A by M. Chazaro, B by A.T. Nuño-R. (April 2021); C & D by J.A. Vázquez-García (April 2004 and October 2022, respectively). + + + + +FIGURE 2. +Differences in leaves, spines, margins (upper row), flowers (mid row), and fruits (bottom row) among + +Echinoagave +sp. + +from Concordia, Sinaloa (A); + +E. rzedowskiana + +from San Cristóbal de La Barranca, Jalisco (B); and + +E. nievesiorum + +from Bolaños, Jalisco (C). Photographs: Leaves, spines, margins, flowers (A), and fruits (A–B) by L.J. García-Morales; flowers (B) by S. +Rosales +; flowers (C) by A.T. Nuño-R.; and fruits (C) by J.A. Vázquez-G. + + + + +FIGURE 3. +Infructescences of three species of + +Echinoagave + +: A. +E. +sp. from Concordia, Sinaloa, +Vega-Aviña & Gutiérrez-García 1000 +(MEXU). B. + +E. rzedowskiana + +from San Cristóbal de la Barranca, Jalisco. C. + +E. nievesiorum + +from La Toma, Bolaños, Jalisco, +Flores-M. & Flores-M. 2734 +(WIS), D. + +E. nievesiorum + +from E of Astillero, Bolaños, +Calonico-Soto & Flores-Franco 3199 +(MEXU). Photographs: A, C & D from the MEXU and WIS herbaria virtual collections; and B by J. G. Morales-Padilla (left), by S. Rosales-M. (central top and right) and by M. Cházaro (central bottom). + + + + +FIGURE 4. +Map of + +Echinoagave nievesiorum + +and morphologically similar species. Different colors represent the biogeographic provinces +sensu + +Morrone +et al +. (2017) + +. + + + + +TABLE 1 +. Differences among + +Echinoagave nievesiorum + +and morphologically close species ( +Gentry 1982 +, +García-Mendoza & Martínez 1998 +, + +Carrillo-Reyes +et al. +2003 + +). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +E. nievesiorum + + + +E. petrophila + + + +E. rzedowskiana + + + +E. dasylirioides + +
Rosette diameter (cm)35.0–55.050.0–80.025.0–45.0 (–65.0)(60.0–)100.0–200.0
Rosette habitCespitoseCespitoseCespitoseSolitary
Leaves
Length (cm)29.5–32.040.0–70.0(11.0)20.0–35.0(–50.0)(40.0–)60.0–100.0
Width at the widest part (mm)12.0–12.5?13.0–14.0?
Width at the middle (mm)6.0–6.54.0–9.07.0–10.020.0–38.0
ShapeStraight to falcateStraightStraight to falcateStraight
MarginsSparsely serrulateDenticulateDensely serrulateInconspicuously and sparsely serrulate
Sheath length (mm)9.0–11.0?28.0–34.026.8–30.0
Sheath ShapeTriangular, widest at the base?Rectangular, narrower at the baseTrapezoid, widest at the base
Flower length (mm)21.7–23.520–2522.0–2425.0–39.0
Ovary length (mm)7.0–7.87.0–10.07.0–9.09.0–13.0
Width (mm)4.5–5.15.7–7.5
Tube length (mm)5.5–6.43.0–4.07.0–10.08.0–15.0
Tepal lobes length (mm)4.5–5.59.0–11.04.0––8.09.0–13.0
Tepal shapeConverging and tightening the filamentsDiverging and not tightening the filamentsDiverging and not tightening the filamentsDiverging and not tightening the filaments
Filaments insertionHalf of the tubeApex of tubeHalf of the tubeHalf of the tube
Filament length to flower length ratio (mm)2.00–2.301.36–1.431.80–1.901.08–1.10
Infructescence (fruiting spike)
Thickness (cm)3.5–4.53.7–3.92.4–2.54.0–6.0
DensityDense, peduncle coveredLax, peduncle visibleLax with, peduncle visibleDense, peduncle covered
BractsUsually deciduousPersistentPersistentPersistent
Capsule
size (mm)8.0–11.0 × 8.0–10.09.0–10.0 × 8.0–9.07.0–13.0 × 6.0–9.010.0–20.0 × 6.0–9.0
ShapeBroadly ellipsoidGloboseBroadly ovoidEllipsoid to oblongoid
Color of valvesDorsally blackishDorsally brown-blackishDorsally brownish greenDorsally blackish
HabitatPine-oak forestsTropical dry forestPine-oak forestsPine-oak forest
Elevation (m a.s.l.)2000–2600850–13001501–17001900–2500
DistributionN of JaliscoE Guerrero, S Puebla, W & N OaxacaCentral JaliscoSan Luis Potosí and Morelos
+ + + +TABLE 2. +The elevational disjunct distribution + +E. nievesiorum + +and morphologically close species + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
801– 900901– 10001001– 11001101– 12001201– 13001301– 14001401– 15001501– 16001601– 17001701– 18001801– 19001901– 20002001– 21002101– 22002201– 23002301– 24002401– 25002501– 2600
+ +E. petrophila + +, E Guerrero, S Puebla, W & N Oaxaca +xxxxx
+ +E. rzedowskiana + +, Central Jalisco +xx
+ +E. nievesiorum + +, N of Jalisco +xxxxx
+ +E. dasylirioides + +, San Luis Potosí and Morelos +xxxxxxx
+ + + +Distribution, habitat and phenology:— + +Echinoagave nievesiorum + +is endemic to Sierra Huichola (Sierra Wixarika), in the Bolaños municipality, +Jalisco +, +Mexico +(Fig. 8). It inhabits rocky outcrops on top of the mountains or vertical cliffs, usually found between +2000–2600 m +in elevation, on pine-oak forests with some woody species such as + +Alnus jorullensis +Kunth (1817: 20) + +, + +Arbutus glandulosa +Martens & Galeotti (1842: 533) + +, + +Arctostaphylos pungens +Kunth (1818: 278) + +, + +Brahea sarukhanii +Quero Rico (2000: 110) + +, + +Comarostaphylis glaucescens +( +Kunth 1818: 278 +) Zucc. ex Klotzsch (1851: 76) + +, + +Pinus lumholtzii +Robinson & Fernald (1895: 122) + +, and + +Quercus gentry +Muler (1942: 474) + +, it may also coexist with a great diversity of herbaceous or shrubby species including + +Dasylirion acrotrichum +Zuccarini (1843: 228) + +, + +Agalinis peduncularis +( +Bentham 1835: 209 +) +Pennell (1918: 135) + +, + +Ageratina +sp. + +, + +Bletia roezlii +Reichenbach f. (1877: 7) + +, + +Castilleja +sp. + +, + +Cuphea +sp. + +, + +Dalea +sp. + +, + +Echeveria dactylifera +Walther (1972: 179) + +, + +Echinocactus +sp. + +, + +Epidendrum +sp. + +, + +Eucnide +sp. + +, + +Gaultheria +sp. + +, + +Gaura +sp. + +, + +Graptopetalum amethystinum +( +Rose 1905: 11 +) +Walther (1931: 12) + +, + +Lamourouxia viscosa +Kunth (1817: 338) + +, + +Lobelia laxiflora +Kunth (1818: 311) + +, + +Lupinus madrensis +Seemann (1856: 278) + +, + +Milla biflora +Cavanilles (1793: 76) + +, + +Oncidium graminifolium +( +Lindley 1840: 384 +) +Lindley (1841 + +: sub t. 48), + +Pellaea ternifolia +( +Cavanilles 1802: 266 +) +Link (1841: 59) + +, + +Penstemon +sp. + +, + +Phaseolus +sp. + +, + +Pinaropappus diguetii +McVaugh (1972: 373) + +, + +Pippenalia delphiniifolia +( +Rydberg 1924: 419 +) +McVaugh (1972: 470) + +, + +Plantago +sp. + +, + +Salvia +sp. + +, + +Sedum jaliscanum +Watson (1890: 148) + +, + +Seymeria +sp. + +, and + +Tillandsia +sp. + +Flowering from March to April and fruiting from September to October. + + + + +Etymology:— +The specific epithet honors the family members of Prof. Gregorio +Nieves +Hernández, who have contributed notably for over a decade to the knowledge of vascular flora and ethnobotany of the Sierra Wixarika. + + + + +Conservation status:— +The known geographic distribution of + +Echinoagave nievesiorum + +covers an extent of occurrence (EOO) of +54.96 km +2 +. According to the IUCN Red List Criteria ( +IUCN 2022 +), + +E. nievesiorum + +could be categorized as Critically Endangered CR B1+B2ab(ii,iii) due to its EOO < +100 km +2 +(B1 criterion), and an area of occupancy (AOO) of +16 km +2 +(B2) with severely fragmented locations [condition (a)] and an estimated continuing decline of its area of occupancy [condition (b)(ii)], and quality of habitat (b)(iii). Further exploration is required in neighboring municipalities and states to determine if this species may have a wider distribution. + + + + +Additional specimens examined:— + +MEXICO +. + +Jalisco + +: +Municipio de Bolaños +, +La Toma +, +Cerro La Gallina +, km 20[22] hacia +Puente de Camotlán +, + +16 June 1990 + +(young fr.), + +A. Flores M. +, +G. Martínez P. +& +N.P. Ramos G. +1890 + +( +IBUG +, +IEB +, +MEXU +) + +; + +La Toma +, 30[22] km +NW of Bolaños +, + +1 July 1991 + +(young fr.), + +A. Flores M +. + +& + +J.M. Flores M +. + +2734 +( +IEB +, +MEXU +, +WIS +). + + +Cerros +cercanos a +La Toma +, km 17 del camino a +Tuxpan de Bolaños +, +21°53’N +, +103°50’W +, elev. + +2100–2170 m + +, + +12 March 2001 + +(fr.), + +P. Carrillo-Reyes +& +M. Barba +1515 + +( +IBUG +, +IEB +) + +; + +Los Alisos +(arriba de depósito de agua, “ +La Toma +”), +Cerro La Gallina +, km 22 al +NW de Bolaños +, rumbo a +Crucero Banderitas +(Tuxpan de Bolaños-Bajío del Tule), + +15 November 2003 + +(sterile), + +J. A. Vázquez-García +, 7614 w/ +G. López D. +& +M. Mantilla B. + +( +IBUG +), + + +same locality, elev. + +2100 m + +, + +8 April 2004 + +(sterile), + +J. A. Vázquez-García +7790 w/ +M. Cházaro +& +R. Perez M. + +( +IBUG +) + +; + +Cerro El Gallo +, km 29 al +NW de Bolaños +, elev. + +2600 m + +, rumbo a crucero banderitas, + +9 April 2004 + +(fl. buds and old infructescence) + +; + + +J +. +A +. +Vázquez-García +, +M +. +Cházaro +& +R +. +Perez +M +. 7813 + +( +IBUG +) + +; + +Frente +a +El Nalgazo +, +23 km +al +NW de Bolaños +, rumbo a +Crucero Banderitas +, elev. + +2180 m + +, + +21 October 2022 + +(sterile), + +Vázquez-García, +González-Villegas +& +Romero González +10205 + +( +IBUG +) + +; + +Same +locality, + +29 Octubre 2022 + +(fr.), + +J +. +A +. +Vázquez-García +, +J +. +Padilla-Lepe +, +A +. +Prinz +, +J +. +L +. +Lomelí-Hernández +, +A +. +Chavarín + +& + +S +. +Cristóbal-Gabriel +10216a + +( +IBUG +) + +; + +El Nalgazo +, elev. + +2200 m + +, + +29 October 2022 + +(fr.), + +S +. + +Cristóbal-Gabriel, +A. Prinz +& +J.L. Lomelí-Hernández +10216b + + +( +IBUG +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file