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<mods:namePart id="817908E4CC03A16C626DDB440F753E50">Yoo, Jung Sun</mods:namePart>
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3.
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<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB281615119FCC6E478FCC3" bold="true" box="[866,1101,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Frontonia subtropica</emphasis>
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Pan
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB2816156FDFCC6E489FCC3" bold="true" box="[1158,1212,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">et al.</emphasis>
, 2013
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(
<figureCitation id="6FD32A63FFB281615771FCC5E566FCC3" box="[1290,1363,809,833]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[144,178,1786,1808]" captionTargetBox="[153,1414,257,1754]" captionTargetId="figure-10@1.[141,1416,257,1757]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Photomicrographs of three ciliates after protargol impregnation (A-C) and in vivo (D-K). A-C, Australocirrus australis, ventral views (A, B) and dorsal view (C), arrows indicate pretransverse cirrus in (A), micronuclei in (B), and caudal cirri in (C); D-G, Rimaleptus longitrichus, right side view, showing longitudinal dorsal brush (F) and cortical granules on cell surface (G); H-K, Frontonia subtropica, left side view of representative specimens, arrows in(H) denote blue granules, arrow in (I) indicates a contractile vacuole, marcronucleus (J), buccal apparatus and extrusomes (K). Ma, macronuclear nodule. Scale bars=100μm (A, D, E), 150 μm (H)." pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
H-K)
</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB28161513CFC86E3F1FC00" bold="true" box="[839,964,874,898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Size about 155 × 100 μm from protargol impregnated specimens, ellipsoidal body shape, dorsoventrally slightly flattened, anterior end broad and posterior end slightly narrowed; cytoplasm containing blue granules and algae; extrusomes spindle-shaped, densely arranged alongside somatic kinety rows; somatic kineties composed of about 115 rows; peniculi 1-3 each with four kineties; five vestibular and five postoral kineties; one elongate elliptical marcronucleus; one micronucleus attached to macronucleus.
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<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB28161513CFB41E41CFB47" bold="true" box="[839,1065,1197,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="47803CBBFFB281615649FB41E5A4FA87" collectingDate="2014-12-16" country="South Korea" county="Jung-gu" latitude="37.445362" location="From Seawater" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="126.63171" municipality="Incheon-si" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="1">
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at
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(salinity, 28 psu),
<collectingMunicipality id="1733AC9CFFB281615605FB21E4C4FB67" box="[1150,1265,1229,1253]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Incheon-si</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
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(
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37°26
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43.30
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N
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126°37
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB281615632FB00E47AFA84" bold="true" box="[1097,1103,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">ʹ</emphasis>
54.14
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB2816156F0FB00E4A0FA84" bold="true" box="[1163,1173,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">ʺ</emphasis>
E
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),
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<collectingDate id="9312E9CEFFB2816156C7FB01E5A4FA87" box="[1212,1425,1261,1285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" value="2014-12-16">December 16, 2014</collectingDate>
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.
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<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB28161513CFAE2E3C6FAA7" bold="true" box="[839,1011,1293,1318]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Voucher slides.</emphasis>
A slide of protargol-impregnated specimens was deposited at the National Institute of Biological Resources,
<collectingCountry id="8FFF7676FFB281615193FAA3E41CFAE4" box="[1000,1065,1359,1382]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Korea</collectingCountry>
(NIBRPR0000107958).
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<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB28161513CFA83E383FA05" bold="true" box="[839,950,1391,1415]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="30E84D65FFB2816151C7FA83E4AAFA04" box="[956,1183,1390,1414]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Frontoniidae" genus="Frontonia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Hymenostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="subtropica">
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB2816151C7FA83E4AAFA04" box="[956,1183,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Frontonia subtropica</emphasis>
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differed from its congeners by cell size (155 × 100 μm), number of somatic kineties (approximately 115 rows) and vestibular kineties (5 rows) (
<bibRefCitation id="93794B17FFB2816151D7FA23E46CFA65" author="Pan, X. &amp; F. Gao &amp; W. Liu &amp; X. Fan &amp; A. Warren &amp; W. Song" box="[940,1113,1487,1511]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" pagination="67 - 77" refId="ref2207" refString="Pan, X., F. Gao, W. Liu, X. Fan, A. Warren and, W. Song. 2013. Morphology and SSU rRNA gene sequences of three Frontonia species, including a description of F. subtropica spec. nov. (Ciliophora, Peniculida). European Journal of Protistology 49 (1): 67 - 77." type="journal article" year="2013">
Pan
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB2816151A6FA3CE427FA65" box="[989,1042,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">et al.</emphasis>
, 2013
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1.
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<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB2816152B2FE2AE1FBFE5C" bold="true" box="[201,462,454,478]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Australocirrus australis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="93794B17FFB2816153A2FE2AE24BFE5C" author="Foissner, W." box="[473,638,454,478]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" pagination="37 - 79" refId="ref1800" refString="Foissner, W. 1995. Tropical protozoan diversity: 80 ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) in a soil sample from a tropical dry forest of Costa Rica, with descriptions of four new genera and seven new species. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 145 (1 - 2): 37 - 79." type="journal article" year="1995">Foissner, 1995</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="93794B17FFB2816150F0FE2BE2E8FE5D" author="Kumar, S. &amp; W. Foissner" box="[651,733,455,479]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" pagination="210 - 228" refId="ref2134" refString="Kumar, S. and W. Foissner. 2015. Biogeographic specializations of two large hypotrich ciliates: Australocirrus shii and A. australis and proposed synonymy of Australocirrus and Cyrtohymenides. European Journal of Protistology 51 (3): 210 - 228." type="journal article" year="2015">Kumar</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
and Foissner, 2015 (
<figureCitation id="6FD32A63FFB2816153DCFE0BE1C5FE7D" box="[423,496,487,511]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[144,178,1786,1808]" captionTargetBox="[153,1414,257,1754]" captionTargetId="figure-10@1.[141,1416,257,1757]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Photomicrographs of three ciliates after protargol impregnation (A-C) and in vivo (D-K). A-C, Australocirrus australis, ventral views (A, B) and dorsal view (C), arrows indicate pretransverse cirrus in (A), micronuclei in (B), and caudal cirri in (C); D-G, Rimaleptus longitrichus, right side view, showing longitudinal dorsal brush (F) and cortical granules on cell surface (G); H-K, Frontonia subtropica, left side view of representative specimens, arrows in(H) denote blue granules, arrow in (I) indicates a contractile vacuole, marcronucleus (J), buccal apparatus and extrusomes (K). Ma, macronuclear nodule. Scale bars=100μm (A, D, E), 150 μm (H)." pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
A-C)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BFF2656DFFB2816152D5FDCBE2DEFC00" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F75736E6FFB2816152D5FDCBE2DEFC00" blockId="2.[174,779,551,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB2816152D5FDCBE112FDBD" bold="true" box="[174,295,551,575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Size about 160-195 × 55-95 μm from protargol impregnated specimens, body shape elongate ellipsoid or slightly obovate; contractile vacuole slightly above mid-body at left margin of cell, with two long collecting canals; two macronuclear nodules ellipsoidal; two to six micronuclei; anterior pretransverse cirrus to anteriormost transverse cirrus length about 1.4% of body length; five or six transverse cirri arranged oblique row; left marginal row 34-42 and right 30-37 cirri; adoral zone composed of 43-54 membranelles extending to 31- 42% of body length; usually 11 (9-11) dorsal kineties.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BFF2656DFFB2816152D5FC66E2A6FBC6" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F75736E6FFB2816152D5FC66E2A6FBC6" blockId="2.[174,779,551,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB2816152D5FC66E19DFC20" bold="true" box="[174,424,906,930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="47803CBBFFB2816153C8FC66E2BAFBC6" collectingDate="2017-05-28" country="South Korea" latitude="37.597046" location="Mt. Dutasan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.57181" municipality="National Institute of Biological Resources" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="1">
Moss-covered soil from
<location id="F237603DFFB281615099FC67E13DFC40" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7F4187F0FFB2816152D5FE2BE2F7FAE4:F237603DFFB281615099FC67E13DFC40" country="South Korea" latitude="37.597046" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.57181" municipality="National Institute of Biological Resources" name="Mt. Dutasan" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Mt. Dutasan</location>
, Jinbu-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do,
<collectingCountry id="8FFF7676FFB2816152D5FC27E0DAFC60" box="[174,239,971,994]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Korea</collectingCountry>
(
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37°35
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB281615347FC25E177FC61" bold="true" box="[316,322,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">ʹ</emphasis>
49.37
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB281615305FC25E1BDFC61" bold="true" box="[382,392,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">ʺ</emphasis>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="92DC5021FFB2816153D3FC27E261FC61" box="[424,596,969,995]" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" precision="1" seconds="18.50" value="127.57181">
127°34
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB28161538DFC25E1C9FC61" bold="true" box="[502,508,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">ʹ</emphasis>
18.50
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB281615043FC25E277FC61" bold="true" box="[568,578,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">ʺ</emphasis>
E
</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="83561026FFB281615013FC27E335FC61" box="[616,768,971,995]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" value="2017-05-28">
<collectingDate id="9312E9CEFFB281615013FC27E335FC61" box="[616,768,971,995]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" value="2017-05-28">May 28, 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB2816152D5FC07E16FFB81" bold="true" box="[174,346,1003,1027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Voucher slides.</emphasis>
A slide of protargol-impregnated specimens was deposited at the
<collectingMunicipality id="1733AC9CFFB2816153AAFBE7E171FBC1" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">National Institute of Biological Resources</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="8FFF7676FFB281615334FBC0E1A5FBC1" box="[335,400,1068,1091]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Korea</collectingCountry>
(NIBRPR0000107959)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BFF2656DFFB2816152D5FBA0E2F7FAE4" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F75736E6FFB2816152D5FBA0E2F7FAE4" blockId="2.[174,779,551,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB2816152D5FBA0E128FBE6" bold="true" box="[174,285,1100,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="30E84D65FFB28161535EFBA0E212FBE6" authorityName="Kumar and Foissner" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Foissner" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[293,551,1100,1124]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Oxytrichidae" genus="Australocirrus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Oxytrichida" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB28161535EFBA0E212FBE6" box="[293,551,1100,1124]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Australocirrus australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="30E84D65FFB28161508FFBA0E0E0FB06" class="Hypotrichea" family="Oxytrichidae" genus="Australocirrus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Oxytrichida" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="shii">
<emphasis id="C59CEAF4FFB28161508FFBA0E0E0FB06" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">A. shii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in body size, number of adoral membranelles, number of cirri in right and left marginal rows, and number of dorsal kineties. However, they can be distinguished from the percentage of the distance between the anterior pretransverse cirrus and the anteriormost transverse cirrus relative to body length (5-8% vs. 0.6-2.1%), and the arrangement of the transverse cirri (3 + 2 vs. an oblique row) (
<bibRefCitation id="93794B17FFB281615297FAA2E1B9FAE4" author="Foissner, W." box="[236,396,1358,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" pagination="37 - 79" refId="ref1800" refString="Foissner, W. 1995. Tropical protozoan diversity: 80 ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) in a soil sample from a tropical dry forest of Costa Rica, with descriptions of four new genera and seven new species. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 145 (1 - 2): 37 - 79." type="journal article" year="1995">Foissner, 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="93794B17FFB2816153ECFAA3E283FAE4" author="Kumar, S. &amp; W. Foissner" box="[407,694,1358,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" pagination="210 - 228" refId="ref2134" refString="Kumar, S. and W. Foissner. 2015. Biogeographic specializations of two large hypotrich ciliates: Australocirrus shii and A. australis and proposed synonymy of Australocirrus and Cyrtohymenides. European Journal of Protistology 51 (3): 210 - 228." type="journal article" year="2015">Kumar and Foissner, 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>