diff --git a/data/03/CA/03/03CA0337FFA4FFA3FF73FB65FE4FF970.xml b/data/03/CA/03/03CA0337FFA4FFA3FF73FB65FE4FF970.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b9911e7418f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/CA/03/03CA0337FFA4FFA3FF73FB65FE4FF970.xml @@ -0,0 +1,956 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of Orphe Godman, 1901 (Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae: Pericharini: Orphina) + + + +Author + +Suênia-Bastos, Ayane +Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2025 + +2025-03-13 + + +5604 + + +2 + + +131 +144 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.3 +1175-5326 +15035622 +727E840D-FEDE-4261-867C-E5AEFCDCC4C2 + + + + + + + +Orphe vatinius +Godman, 1901 + + + + + + + +( +Figs 2 +, +3B +, +5 +, +6C, D +, +7 +) + + + + + +Orphe vatinius +Godman, 1901 + +, +in +Godman & Salvin. +Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep.-Rhop. 2 +, p. 619; +3 +, pl. 104, fig. 31 (venation), 32 (male gen.); +6 males +, +Guiana +; Amazonas, [ +Brazil +]; E. +Peru +.-Mabille, 1904, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 17 +, p. 168.-Draudt, 1923, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 +, p. 991.- +Williams & Hayward, 1944 +. +Acta zool. Lill. 2 +: 222.- +Hayward, 1947 +. +Acta zool. Lill. 4 +: 366.- +Evans, 1955 +. +Cat. Amer. Hesp. 4 +, p. 247, pl. 70 (male gen.); +syn +.: + +brooksii + +.-Lamas, 1969. +Biota 7 +: 339.-Lewis, 1973. +Butt. World +, p. 84, fig. 26 (d), p. 247.-Lewis, 1975. +Marip. Mundo +, p. 84, fig. 26 (d), p. 247.-Lamas, 1981. +Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. 6 +: 38.-Bridges, 1983. +Lep. Hesp. 1 +, p. 18, 123; +2 +, p. 24; +syn +.: + +brooksii + +.-Bridges, 1988. +Cat. Hesp. 1 +, p. 29, 195; +2 +, p. 39; +syn +.: + +brooksii + +.-Lamas, 1994, +in +Foster +et al +. +RAP Working Papers 6 +: 176.-Bridges, 1994. +Cat. Fam.-Group, Gen.-Group, Sp.-Group Nam. Hesp. (Lep.) World 8 +, p. 35, 235; +9 +, p. 44; +syn +.: + +brooksii + +.-Robbins +et al +., 1996, +in +Wilson & Sandoval. +Manu +, p. 250.-Moreno, Silva & Estévez, 1998. + +Marip. +Ecuador + +, p. 160.-O. Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 74, +in +Lamas (ed.). +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +; +syn +.: + +brooksii + +.-O. +Mielke, 2005 +. +Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 5 +, p. 1127; +syn +.: + +brooksii +. + +-Garwood +et al +., 2007. +Butt. South. Amaz +., p. 233, fig. (d).-Garwood +et al +., 2009. +Butt. South. Amaz +., 2 +nd +ed., p. 322, figs (d, v).-Silva, [2011]. + +Ecol. Mariposas +Ecuador + +, p. 201.-Garwood & Lehman, 2013. +Butt. C. Amer. 3, Hesp +., p. 176, figs (male, female v).-Palo Jr., 2017. + +Borb. +Brasil +3 + +, p. 2319.- +Glassberg, 2017 +. + +Swift Guide Butt. +Mexico +and C. America, 2 +nd +ed., + +p. 259, fig. (v); hostplant.-Sambhu & Nankishore, 2018. +Zootaxa 4371 +(1): 29.- + +Li +et al +., 2019 + +. +Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 116 +(13): 6232-6237, fig. 1 (genomic tree); S1 App., p. 74, 91 ( +Fig. S1 +, phylogenetic tree).- + +Cong +et al +., 2019 + +. +Insecta Mundi 731 +: 51, fig. 13 (genomic tree).- + +Zhang +et al +., 2022 + +. +Insecta Mundi 921 +: 95, 127, fig. 17 (genomic tree).-Mota +et al +., 2022. +Biota Neotrop. 22 +(3): e20221367, p. 19.-Gallardo & Diaz, 2022. + +Guide Butt. +Honduras + +, p. 334.-Kawahara +et al +., 2023. +Nat. Ecol. & Evol. 7 +: 903-913, +Fig. S1 +(time calibrated tree), Table S1 (specimen inf.). + + + +Pamphila brooksii +Weeks, 1906 + +. +Ent. News 17 +: 204; + +VII-1899 + +, +Suapure +, +Venezuela +. + + + +Turesis brooksii + +; Draudt, 1923, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 +, p. 990. + + + +Orphe brooksii + +; +Bell, 1933 +. +Ent. News 44 +: 265.-Bell, 1946. +Bol. Ent. venezol. 5 +: 180. + + +(no genus) + +vatinius + +; Beattie, 1976. +Rhop. Direct +., p. 282. + + +(no genus) + +brooksii + +; Beattie, 1976. +Rhop. Direct +., p. 99. + + + + + +Taxonomic history + + + + +Orphe vatinius + +was described by +Godman (1901) +based on +six males +from +Guyana +, Amazonas [ +Brazil +], and +Peru +. +Weeks (1906) +described + +Pamphila brooksii + +based on an unspecified number of specimens from Suapure, [ +Bolívar +], +Venezuela +. Draudt (1923) transferred + +P. brooksii + +to + +Turesis +Godman, 1901 + +, and +Bell (1933) +transferred it to + +Orphe +Godman, 1901 + +claiming that this species was similar to + +O. vatinius + +due to the stigma on the forewing. +Evans (1955) +treated + +O. brooksii + +as a junior synonym of + +O. vatinius + +. + + + + +Etymology + +Not informed by the author. + + + +Diagnosis + + +FW length: male, +20–22 mm +; female, +20–21 mm +. The male of this species superficially resembles + +P. pyrex + +; however, it can be easily distinguished from it by the stigma. The female is distinguished from + +P. pyrex + +by the grey, sometimes light yellowish scales on the VHW, whereas + +P. pyrex + +has dark yellowish scales in the discal to anal areas of the VHW. Male wings ventrally covered with ferruginous scales ( +Fig. 2B +), and female VHW usually with grey, sometimes light yellowish, scales in central and submarginal areas, ( +Figs 2D, F +). Stigma with a wavy-looking rows of scales in CuA +1 +and 2A ( +Fig. 3B +). Male genitalia ( +Fig. 5 +) with anterior projection of saccus longer than the tegumen + uncus; uncus distally bifid; gnathos with a few spines distally; valva, harpe with a dorso-distal spined bifid projection; ampulla directed distally; aedeagus with several long cornuti. Female genitalia ( +Fig. 6C–D +) with lamella antevaginalis triangle-shaped formed by two lateral plates towards and not exceeding the lamella postvaginalis; median projection of lamella antevaginalis reaching the lamella postvaginalis. + + + + + +Comments + + + +In some males FW, two small hyaline spots are found in M +1 +–M +2 +. The female +sensu +Evans (1955) +presents the yellowish phenotype in the VHW from specimens from +Colombia +and +Ecuador +he examined. +Two females +from +Costa Rica +found in OM collection matched Evans’s description, and these specimens show hyaline spot in CuA +1 +– CuA +2 +on FW broader than in other female specimens. Despite these differences, the female genitalia are similar among these specimens. + + + + + +Type +material + + + + +Orphe vatinius + +was described by +Godman (1901) +based on +six males +collected in +Guyana +, Amazonas ( +Brazil +), and +Peru +. +One syntype male +, found in NHMUK, has the following labels: / Type H.T. / Type / Massauary Hahn[el]. [Massauari, District of Boa Vista do Ramos] Amazons [Amazonas, +Brasil +] (Ex Staudinger) / male / B.C.A. Lep. Rhop. + +Orphe vatinius + +. Godm. / Godman-Salvin. Coll. 1914.-5 /. Thus, in order to stabilize the identity of this species, this +syntype +is designated herein as the +lectotype +, adding the following two labels: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotype + +Orphe vatinius +Godman, 1901 +Suênia-Bastos, Mielke & Casagrande + +det. 2024/. + + + +Pamphila brooksii + +was described by +Weeks (1906) +based on an unspecified number of specimens from Suapure [ +Bolívar +], +Venezuela +and deposited at the MCZ. +One syntype male +, found in MCZ, has the following labels: / A. G. Weeks Collection / M.C.Z. Type 16720 / + +Pamphila brooksii +Weeks + +HOLOTYPE +/ Suapure, Ven., +VII-25-1899 +/. Thus, in order to stabilize the identity of this species, this +syntype +is designated herein as the +lectotype +, adding the following two labels: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotype + +Pamphila brooksii +Weeks, 1906 +Suênia-Bastos, Mielke & Casagrande + +det. 2024/. + + +Material examined + +The remaining material examined: + +COSTA RICA +: + +Heredia + +, ( + +Puerto Viejo de Sarapiquí + +), +16-XII-1995 +, +1♀ +, +23-X-1994 +, +1♀ +, Pagels leg., OM +53.072 +, +40.275 +(OM). + + +PERU +: + +Madre de Díos + +, +Manú +( + +Rio Manú + +), +11°58’S +, +71°17’W +, no data, +1♂ +, I. Bohorquez leg., DZ 58.128 (DZUP); ( + +Manú +National Park + +), +11°55’48”S +, +71°15’18”W +, +340 m +, +19-X-1991 +, +1♂ +, +R +. Robbins leg., DZ 58.129 (DZUP), +28-IX-1991 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke leg., DZ 58.130 (DZUP), +28-IX-1991 +, +1♂ +, G. Lamas leg., DZ 58.132 (DZUP); +Puerto Maldonado +( + +Tambopata +National Reserve + +), +12°50’S +, +69°17’W +, +300 m +, +26-X-1991 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke leg., DZ 58.131 (DZUP); ( +Shintuya, 3.3 km NE Albergue Pantiacolla +), +12°39’21”S +, +71°13’53”W +, +400 m +, +18-22-VI-2019 +, +1♂ +, +4-8-XI-2017 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke leg., OM +88.627 +, +85.958 +(OM). + +Loreto + +, Iquitos, +100 m +, +30-VII-1992 +, +1♂ +, Büche leg., OM 35.595 (OM). + + +ECUADOR +: + +Napo + +, ( +Yanahurco +), +550 m +, +5-IX-1978 +, +1♂ +, Lafebre leg., OM 91.737 (OM). + +Cotopaxi + +, ( +Milimbanco +), +3,900 m +, +IX-1971 +, +1♂ +, Lafebre leg., OM 91.727 (OM). + + +BRAZIL +: + +Acre + +, Senador Guiomard ( + +Reserva +Catuaba-UFAC + +), +22-IX-2003 +, +1♂ +, +200 m +, +2-5-IX-2004 +, +4♂ +, O. Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 58.134, 58.142–58.145 (DZUP), +17-19-VII-2004 +, +1♀ +, O. & C. Mielke leg., OM 65.181 (OM); Xapuri ( +Seringal Esperança +), +200 m +, +6-7-IX-2004 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 58.135 (DZUP); Porto Acre ( + +Reserva Humaitá + +), +200 m +, +8-10-IX-2004 +, +1 ♀ +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ +58.136 +- 58.137 +(DZUP); Bujari ( + +50 km +NO + +), +200 m +, +10-12-IX-2004 +, +2♂ +, +25-IX-2003 +, +1♀ +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 58.138, 58.141, 58.139, 58.140 (DZUP), +20-23-VII-2004 +, +5♂ +, O. & C. Mielke leg. OM 65.827, 65.480, 65.778, 65.365, 64.699 (OM); +Rio Branco +, +16-VII-2004 +, +1♂ +, O. & C. Mielke leg., OM 64.827 (OM). + +Rondônia + +, ( + +Linha 105, km +4, 50 km +N Ariquemes + +[ + +Rio Crespo + +]), +10-22-VII-1991 +, +1♂ +, C. Mielke & Miers leg., OM 27.573 (OM). + +Mato Grosso + +, Cáceres ( + +Coronel +Rio Branco +, +Rio Vermelho + +), +400 m +, +3-VII-1972 +, +1♂ +, +2-VII-1972 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke & Brown leg., DZ +58.146 +, +58.147 +(DZUP); Diamantino ( + +Fazenda São João, Alto +Rio Arinos + +), +10-VII-1978 +, +1♀ +, Furtado leg., OM 91.757 (OM). + + + + + +Host plant + + + +According to +Janzen and Hallwachs (2009) +, the immatures feed on + +Guadua paniculata +Munro + +( +Poaceae +) in +Costa Rica +. + + + + + + +Geographical distribution ( +Fig. 7 +) + + + + + +Costa Rica +: + +Guanacaste +( +Janzen and Hallwachs 2009 +); +Heredia +(OM). + +Colombia + +: +Boyacá +( +Hayward 1947 +); +Putumayo +( + +Cong +et al +. 2019 + +); unknown locality ( +Evans 1955 +). + +Venezuela + +: +Bolívar +( +Weeks 1906 +). + +Guyana + +: unknown locality ( +Godman 1901 +; +Evans 1955 +). French Guiana, unknown locality ( +Evans 1955 +). + +Ecuador + +: [Bolívar] ( +Evans 1955 +); +Cotopaxi +(OM); +Morona-Santiago +( +Williams and Hayward 1944 +); +Napo +(OM). + +Peru + +: Amazonas ( +Evans 1955 +); +Loreto +(OM; +Evans 1955 +); +Madre de Díos +(DZUP; OM). + +Brazil + +: +Acre +(DZUP); Amazonas ( +Godman 1901 +); +Mato Grosso +(DZUP). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/CA/03/03CA0337FFA8FFA0FF73F9E9FCC8F87D.xml b/data/03/CA/03/03CA0337FFA8FFA0FF73F9E9FCC8F87D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2db54bf72fa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/CA/03/03CA0337FFA8FFA0FF73F9E9FCC8F87D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1186 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of Orphe Godman, 1901 (Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae: Pericharini: Orphina) + + + +Author + +Suênia-Bastos, Ayane +Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2025 + +2025-03-13 + + +5604 + + +2 + + +131 +144 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.3 +1175-5326 +15035622 +727E840D-FEDE-4261-867C-E5AEFCDCC4C2 + + + + + + + +Orphe gerasa +(Hewitson, 1867) + + + + + + + +( +Figs 1 +, +3A, C +, +4 +, +6A, B +, +7 +) + + + + + +Hesperia gerasa +Hewitson, 1867 + +. +Illustr. Exot. Butt. 4 +, p. [106], pl. [56] ( + +Hesperia + +1), figs 6, 7 (d, v); Montes Aureos, +Maranhão +, [ +Brazil +]; collection Belt.-Kirby, 1879. +Cat. Coll. Diurn. Lep. Hewitson +, p. 218.-Plötz, 1882. +Stett. ent. Ztg. 43 +: 332. + + + +Goniloba gerasa + +; +Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 +. +Corr.-Blatt zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 23 +: 196. + + + +Pamphila gerasa + +; +Kirby, 1871 +. +Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep +., p. 597. + + + +Proteides gerasa + +; +Mabille, 1878 +. +Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 21 +: 36. + + + +Proteides porius +Mabille, 1883 + +. +Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 27, C. R +., p. 59; South America. + + + +Proteides subcordatus +Mabille, 1889 + +. +Le Nat. (2)3 +(51): 99, fig. 3 (d, v); male, female, +Chiriqui +, [ +Panama +]; collection Staudinger + + + +Proteides milo +Mabille, 1891 + +. +Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 35, C. R +., p. 87; nom. nov. pro + +Proteides subcordatus +Mabille, 1889 + +, +praeocc +. (Herrich-Schäffer). + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Orphe +species + +, female genitalia. Lateral and ventral views. +A–B, + +Orphe gerasa + +, from Summit, Panama City, Panama (DZ 58.115). +C–D, + +Orphe vatinius + +from 50 km NO Bujari, Acre, Brazil (DZ 58.139). Scale bar = 1 mm. + + + + +Orphe gerasa + +; +Godman, 1901 +, +in +Godman & Salvin. +Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. 2 +, p. 620; +syn +.: + +sucordatus, +milo + +.-Mabille, 1904, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 17 +, p. 168; +syn +.: + +subcordatus +, +milo + +.-Draudt, 1923, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 +, p. 991, pl. 191a (d, v); +syn +.: + +subcordatus +, +milo + +.-Lindsey, 1925. +Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 18 +: 95.- +Hayward, 1947 +. +Acta zool. Lill. 4 +: 366; +syn +.: + +subcordatus +, +milo + +.- +Moss, 1949 +. +Acta zool. Lill. 7 +: 76; hostplant.- +Evans, 1955 +. +Cat. Amer. Hesp. 4 +, p. 247, pl. 70 (male gen.); +syn +.: + +porius +, +subcordatus +, +milo + +.-Hughes, 1959. +Entomol. 92 +: 87.-Silva +et al +., 1968. + +Quarto Cat. Ins. viv. Plantas +Brasil +2 + +(1), p. 306; hostplant.-Ebert, 1968, +in +Silva +et al +. + +Quarto Cat. Ins. viv. Plantas +Brasil +2 + +(2), p. 234.-O. Mielke, 1973. +Acta biol. paranaense 2 +: 36.-Steinhauser, 1975. +Bull. Allyn Mus. 29 +: 34.-de Jong, 1983. +Tijd. Ent. 126 +: 246.- Bridges, 1983. +Lep. Hesp. 1 +, p. 48, 76, 96, 113; +2 +, p. 24; +syn +.: + +milo +, +porius +, +subcordatus + +.-K. Brown, 1987. +An. Prim. Simp. Pantanal +, Brasília, p. 168.-Bridges, 1988. +Cat. Hesp. 1 +, p. 76, 120, 152, 179; +2 +, p. 39; +syn +.: + +milo +, +porius +subcordatus + +.- Lamas, 1994, +in +Foster +et al +. +RAP Working Papers 6 +: 176.-Bridges, 1994. +Cat. Fam.-Group, Gen.-Group, Sp.-Group Nam. Hesp. (Lep.) World 7 +, p. 2; +8 +, p. 90, 144, 182, 215; +9 +, p. 44; +syn +.: + +porius +, +subcordatus +, +milo + +.-Robbins +et al +., 1996, +in +Wilson & Sandoval. +Manu +, p. 250.-Moreno, Silva & Estévez, 1998. + +Marip. +Ecuador + +, p. 160.-Maes +et al +., 1999, +in +Maes. + +Cat. Ins. Art. +Nicaragua +3 + +, p. 1279; +syn +.: + +porius +, +subcordatus +, +milo + +.-O. Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 74, +in +Lamas (ed.). +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +; +syn +.: + +porius +, +subcordatus +, +milo + +.-Garwood +et al +., 2007. +Butt. South. Amaz +., p. 233, fig. (v).- +Anderson, 2007 +. +Bull. Allyn Mus. 146 +: 13.-Beccaloni +et al +., 2008. +Monografías Tercer Milenio 8 +: 42; hostplant.-Garwood +et al +., 2009. +Butt. South. Amaz +., 2 +nd +ed., p. 321, fig. (v).- + +Francini +et al +., 2011 + +. +Revta bras. Ent. 55 +(1): 67.-Silva, [2011]. + +Ecol. Mariposas +Ecuador + +, p. 201.-Garwood & Lehman, 2013. +Butt. C. Amer. 3, Hesp +., p. 176, figs (male, female v).-Freitas +et al +., 2016, +in +Rolim, Menezes & Srbek-Araújo. +Floresta Atl. de Tabuleiro +, p. 323.-Queiroz-Santos +et al +., 2016. +ZooKeys 595 +, Suppl. Mat.-Palo Jr., 2017. + +Borb. +Brasil +3 + +, p. 2319.- +Glassberg, 2017 +. + +Swift Guide Butt. +Mexico +and C. America, 2 +nd +ed., + +p. 258, fig. (v); hostplant.-Sambhu & Nankishore, 2018. +Zootaxa 4371 +(1): 29.- + +Cong +et al +., 2019 + +. +Insecta Mundi 731 +: 51, figs 13 (genomic tree).- + +Zhang +et al +., 2022 + +. +Insecta Mundi 921 +: 95, 127, fig. 17 (genomic tree).-Mota +et al +., 2022. +Biota Neotrop. 22 +(3): e20221367, p. 19.-Gallardo & Diaz, 2022. + +Guide Butt. +Honduras + +, p. 334.-Kawahara +et al +., 2023. +Nat. Ecol. & Evol. 7 +: 903-913, +Fig. S1 +(time calibrated tree), Table S1 (specimen inf.).-Zhang +et al +., 2023. +Zootaxa 5319 +(4): 579, fig. (Z chromosome tree, mitochondrial genome tree). + + + +Orphe porius + +; Mabille, 1904, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 17 +, p. 168.-Draudt, 1923, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 +, p. 991. + + +(no genus) + +gerasa + +; Beattie, 1976. +Rhop. Direct +., p. 151. + + +(no genus) + +porius + +; Beattie, 1976. +Rhop. Direct +., p. 237. + + +(no genus) + +subcordatus + +; Beattie, 1976. +Rhop. Direct +., p. 265. + + +(no genus) + +milo + +; Beattie, 1976. +Rhop. Direct +., p. 202. + + + +Orfhe +[ +sic +] +gerasa + +; O. +Mielke, 2005 +. +Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 5 +, p. 1126; +syn +.: + +porius +, +subcordatus +, +milo +. + + + +(no name) Garwood +et al +., 2007. +Butt. South. Amaz +., p. 234, fig. (v) (unknown ruby-eye). + + + + + +Taxonomic history + + + + +Hesperia gerasa + +was described by Hewitson (1867) based on an unspecified number of specimens from Montes Áureos, [Municipality of Centro de Guilherme], +Maranhão +, +Brazil +. + +Hesperia gerasa + +was transferred to + +Goniloba +Westwood, 1852 + +( +Herrich-Schäffer 1869 +), + +Pamphila +Fabricius, 1807 + +( +Kirby 1871 +), and + +Proteides +Hübner, [1819] ( +Mabille 1878 +) + +. +Mabille (1883) +described + +Proteides porius + +based on an unspecified number of specimens from South America. Subsequently, +Mabille (1889) +described + +Proteides subcordatus + +based on an unspecified number of specimens from +Chiriquí +, +Panama +. After realizing that + +P. subcordatus + +was a homonym, +Mabille (1891) +designated + +Proteides milo + +as a new name for the species.When +Godman (1901) +proposed + +Orphe + +, + +Hesperia gerasa + +was transferred to this genus, and both species described by Mabille were synonymized with + +H. gerasa + +. Mabille (1904) transferred + +Proteides porius + +to + +Orphe + +, and this name was treated as a junior synonym of + +O. gerasa + +by +Evans (1955) +. + + + + +Etymology + +Not informed by the author. + + + +Diagnosis + + +FW length: male, +20–22 mm +; female, +22–23 mm +. The male of this species superficially resembles + +P. pyrex + +; however, it can be easily distinguished from it by the stigma. The female is distinguished from + +P. pyrex + +by the lilac scales, whereas + +P. pyrex + +has dark yellowish scales in discal to anal areas of the VHW. Male and female wings ventrally with lilac scales in apical and submarginal areas ( +Figs 1B, D +). Stigma with a single row of grey scales along its edge in CuA +1 +and 2A ( +Fig. 3A +). Male genitalia ( +Fig. 4 +) with anterior projection of saccus shorter than the length of tegumen + uncus; uncus truncated posteriorly, with two distal tips sclerotized; gnathos shorter than uncus, with dark punctuations distally; valva, harpe with a dorso-distal spined bifid projection, ampulla directed dorsally; aedeagus with tiny and a few cornuti. Female genitalia ( +Figs 6A–B +) with lamella antevaginalis formed by two sclerotized lateral plates projected towards and exceeding the lamella postvaginalis; median projection of lamella antevaginalis not reaching the lamella postvaginalis. + + + + + +Comments + + + +In some males, the hyaline spot in CuA +1 +–CuA +2 +on FW is absent, a small spot still appears in M +1 +–M +2 +. In females, the spot in M +1 +–M +2 +on FW is always present. In males, the two hyaline spots on FW in the discal cell are sometimes fused, forming a single spot, whereas in females the discal cell always has a single spot. + + + + + +Type +material + + + + +Hesperia gerasa + +was described and illustrated by Hewitson (1867) based on an unspecified number of specimens from Montes Áureos, [Municipality of Centro de Guilherme], +Maranhão +, +Brazil +, deposited in the Belt collection. +One syntype male +, found in NHMUK, has the following labels: / Type / Type / red label without information / Maranham [ +Maranhão +, +Brasil +] Hewitson Coll. 70-69. + +Hesperia gerasa +, Hew. + +/. Thus, in order to stabilize the identity of this species, this +syntype +is designated herein as the +lectotype +, adding the following two labels: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotype + +Hesperia gerasa +Hewitson, 1867 Suênia-Bastos, Mielke & Casagrande + +det. 2024/. + + + +Proteides porius + +was described by +Mabille (1883) +based on an unspecified number of specimens from South America, but the +type +could not be found. + + + +Proteides subcordatus + +was described by +Mabille (1889) +based on an unspecified number of specimens from +Chiriquí +, +Panama +, firstly deposited in the Staudinger collection, then deposited at the MfN now. +One syntype male +, found in MfN, has the following labels: / + +Prot. Subcordatus +HS + +♂ +/ Coll. Staudinger / +Lectotypus +/ +Chiriqui +/ + +Perichares gerasa +HW. + +/ 127: 1 /. Thus, in order to stabilize the identity of this species, this +syntype +is designated herein as the +lectotype +, adding the following two labels: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotype + +Proteides subcordatus +Mabille, 1889 +Suênia-Bastos, Mielke & Casagrande + +det. 2024/. + + +Material examined + +The remaining material examined: + +PANAMA +: + +Panama + +, +Ciudad de Panamá +( +Summit +), +1-VI-1977 +, +1♂ +, Robbins leg., DZ 58.115 (DZUP). + + +PERU +: + +Madre de Díos + +, ( + +Tambopata +National Reserve + +), +12° 50’S +, +69°17’W +, +300 m +, +27-X-1991 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke leg., +26-X-1991 +, +1♂ +, M. Casagrande leg., DZ +58.116 +, +58.117 +(DZUP). + +San Martín + +, Moyobamba, +6°02’13”S +, +76°58’22”W +, +800 m +, +X-2016 +, +1♀ +, J. Pintado leg., OM 81.329 (OM). + +Cuzco + +, ( + +1 km +NE Atalaya + +), +12°52’S +, +71°22’W +, +500 m +, +7-11-XI-2012 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke leg., OM 74.063 (OM). + + +BRAZIL +: + +Amapá + +, Serra do Navio, +29-VII-2007 +, +1♀ +, O. Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 58.118 (DZUP). + +Amazonas + +, ( + +40 km +S de Humaitá + +), +4-VII-2001 +, +1♀ +, O. Mielke leg., OM 53.725 (OM). + +Pará + +, ( + +Rio Cuminá + +, + +Cachoeira da Paciência + +), +15-X-1936 +, +1♂ +, D’Almeida leg., DZ 58.133 (DZUP); Itaituba, +24-VII-1973 +, +1♀ +, M. Lauterjung leg., DZ 58.119 (DZUP). + +Acre + +, Porto Acre ( + +Reserva Humaitá + +), +200 m +, +8-10-IX-2004 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 58.120 (DZUP); Senador Guiomard ( + +Reserva Catuaba + +), +200 m +, +2-5-IX-2004 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 58.121 (DZUP), +15-VII-2004 +, +1♂ +, O. & C. Mielke leg., OM 64.772 (OM); Bujari ( +50 Km NO Bujari +), +200 m +, +1♂ +, +20-23-VII-2012 +, O. & C. Mielke leg., OM 65.744 (OM). + +Rondônia + +, Vilhena, +4-XII-1986 +, +1♂ +, C. Elias leg., DZ 58.122 (DZUP). + +Maranhão + +, Açailândia, +23-VIII-1974 +, +1♂ +, O. Mielke leg., DZ 58.123 (DZUP). + +Mato Grosso + +, Diamantino ( + +Fazenda São João, Alto +Rio Arinos + +), +300–400 m +, +6-V-1978 +, +1♂ +, H. & H.D. Ebert leg., DZ 58.126 (DZUP). + +Minas Gerais + +, ( + +Parque Estadual do +Rio Doce + +), +200 m +, +6-IX-1973 +, +1♀ +, H. Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 58.124 (DZUP), +6-IX-1973 +, +1♂ +, H. Ebert leg., DZ 58.125 (DZUP). + +Espírito Santo + +, Conceição da Barra, +VII-1971 +, +1♀ +, C. & C.T. Elias leg., DZ 58.127 (DZUP). + + + + +Host plants + + +The immatures feed on +Arecaceae Schultz Sch. +and +Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnh. According +to +Moss (1949) +, the immatures in +Pará +( +Brazil +) feed on açaí ( + +Euterpe +Mart. + +*), though the species is not identified. +Janzen and Hallwachs (2009) +observed immatures feeding on + +Elytrostachys clavigera +McClure. + + + + + + + +Geographical distribution ( +Fig. 7 +) + + + + + +Nicaragua + +: Región Autónoma del la Costa Caribe Sur ( +Anderson 2007 +); unknown locality ( +Evans 1955 +). + +Costa Rica +: + +Guanacaste +( +Janzen and Hallwachs 2009 +). + +Panama +: + +Chiriquí +( +Mabille 1889 +; +Godman 1901 +); +Panama +(DZUP); unknown locality ( +Evans 1955 +). + +Colombia + +: unknown locality ( +Hayward 1947 +). + +Venezuela + +: unknown locality ( + +Cong +et al +. 2019 + +). + +Guyana + +: unknown locality ( +Evans 1955 +). + +Peru + +: +Cuzco +(OM); +Madre de Díos +(DZUP); +San Martín +(OM; +Evans 1955 +). + +Brazil + +: +Acre +( +Moss 1949 +; DZUP; OM); +Amapá +(DZUP); Amazonas (OM); +Pará +(DZUP); +Rondônia +(DZUP); +Maranhão +(DZUP; Hewitson 1867); +Mato Grosso +(OM); +Minas Gerais +(DZUP); +Espírito Santo +(DZUP); +São Paulo +( + +Francini +et al +. 2011 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/CA/03/03CA0337FFACFFADFF73FD72FA41F988.xml b/data/03/CA/03/03CA0337FFACFFADFF73FD72FA41F988.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b3846501c20 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/CA/03/03CA0337FFACFFADFF73FD72FA41F988.xml @@ -0,0 +1,517 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of Orphe Godman, 1901 (Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae: Pericharini: Orphina) + + + +Author + +Suênia-Bastos, Ayane +Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2025 + +2025-03-13 + + +5604 + + +2 + + +131 +144 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.3 +1175-5326 +15035622 +727E840D-FEDE-4261-867C-E5AEFCDCC4C2 + + + + + + + +Orphe +Godman, 1901 + + + + + + + + + +( +Figs 1–7 +) + + + + + + + +Orphe +Godman, 1901 + +, +in +Godman & Salvin. +Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep.-Rhop. 2 +, p. 619; +type +species: + +Hesperia gerasa +Hewitson. + +- +Godman, 1901 +, +in +Godman & Salvin. +Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep.-Rhop. 2 +, p. 619.-Mabille, 1904, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 17 +, p. 121, 128.-Draudt, 1923, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 +, p. 991.-Lindsey, 1925. +Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 18 +: 95.-Hayward, 1934. +Rev. Soc. ent. arg. 6 +: 101.- +Williams & Hayward, 1944 +. +Acta zool. Lill. 2 +: 222.-Bell, 1946. +Bol. Ent. venezol. 5 +: 180.- +Hayward, 1947 +. +Acta zool. Lill. 4 +: 366.- +Evans, 1955 +. +Cat. Amer. Hesp. 4 +, p. 208, 246.-Hemming, 1967. +Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Ent., +Suppl. 9: 325.-Lamas, 1969. +Biota 7 +: 338.-Beattie, 1976. +Rhop. Direct +., p. 43.- Bridges, 1983. +Lep. Hesp. 2 +, p. 24.-Bridges, 1988. +Cat. Hesp. 2 +, p. 39; +App. 2 +, p. 3.-Bridges, 1988. + +Cat. Fam.-Group & Gen.-Group Nam., 2 +nd +ed., 4 + +, p. 93; +5 +, p. 3.-Bridges, 1994. +Cat. Fam.-Group, Gen.-Group, Sp.-Group Nam., Hesp. (Lep.) World 4 +, p. 22; +5 +, p. 3; +6 +, p. 7; +9 +, p. 44.-O. Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 9, 74, +in +Lamas (ed.). +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +.-O. +Mielke, 2005 +. +Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 5 +, p. 1126.-Warren, Ogawa & A. Brower, 2008. +Cladistics 24 +: 669.-Warren, Ogawa & A. Brower, 2009. +Syst. Ent. 34 +: 498, 516.- + +Li +et al +., 2019 + +. +Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 116 +(13): 6232-6237, S1 App., p. 3, 8.-Toussaint & Warren 2019. +Jour. Nat. Hist. 53 +: 35-36, p. 2175; eye, ethol.- + +Zhang +et al +., 2022 + +. +Insecta Mundi 921 +: 98. + + +Orfhe +[ +sic +]; O. +Mielke, 2005 +. +Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 5 +, p. 1126. + + + + +Orphe +sp + +. + +Piñas, 2006. + +Marip. +Ecuador +9. Fam. +Hesperiidae + +. Quito, Comp. Jesus, +9 +, p. 15, 76, figs 936, 937 (male d, v), 938, 939 (male d, v), 940, 941 (male d, v). + + + + + +Type +species + + + + +Hesperia gerasa +Hewitson, 1867 + +, designated by +Godman (1901) +. + + + + +Species included + + + +Orphe gerasa +(Hewitson, 1867) + +, + +Orphe vatinius +Godman, 1901 + +. + + + + +Etymology + +Not informed by the author. + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Orphe gerasa + +, dorsal view in first column and ventral view in second column. +A–B, +Male (DZ 58.121). +C–D, +Female (DZ 58.127). Scale bar = 1cm. + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Orphe vatinius + +, dorsal view in first column and ventral view in second column. +A– B, +Male (DZ 58.143). +C–D, +Female (OM 40.275). +E–F, +Female (DZ 58.136). Scale bar = 1 cm. + + + + +Diagnosis + + +This genus is distinguished from the other Pericharini genera by the following characters: male DFW with a continuous stigma between CuA +1 +and 2A, characterized by a row of scales along its external edge or several wavy-looking rows of scales ( +Figs 3A, B +), a unique feature among Pericharini genera. Male HW with the origin of Rs curved towards the costal margin ( +Fig. 3C +). Male genitalia ( +Figs 4 +, +5 +) with tegumen slightly projected over uncus; valva, harpe with bifid or trifid dorso-distal projections and spines; aedeagus, cornuti present, more conspicuous in + +O. vatinius + +. Female genitalia ( +Fig. 6 +) with the lamella antevaginalis formed by two lateral plates directing towards the lamella postvaginalis, and with a broad median projection in direction to lamella postvaginalis. + + + + + +Redescription + + + +Head: antenna dorsally and ventrally brown, base of club yellow; nudum, 15–16 segments. Eyelash present, brown and short. Eye red ( +Glassberg 2017 +). + + +Thorax: mesotibia and metatibia not spined. Male DFW brown, with six or seven white hyaline spots in the discal cell, +R +3 +– +R +4 +, +R +4 +– +R +5 +, +R +5 +–M +1 +, M +2 +–M +3, +M +3 +–CuA +1 +, and CuA1–CuA2; continuous stigma between CuA +1 +and 2A, characterized by a row of scales on its external edge or several wavy-looking rows of scales ( +Figs 3A, B +), a unique feature among Pericharini genera. Female DFW brown with one more hyaline spot above 2A. DHW brown in both sexes. FW with recurring vein; dcs present; distance between the origins of CuA +1 +and CuA +2 +wider than the origins between M +3 +and CuA +1 +. Male HW with Rs curved towards costal margin ( +Fig. 3C +). + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Orphe +species + +, male stigma in forewing dorsal view, and male hindwing venation: +A, + +Orphe gerasa + +(DZ 58.121). +B, + +Orphe vatinius + +(DZ 58.143). +C, + +Orphe gerasa + +(DZ 58.117), the black arrow pointing to Rs curved towards costal margin. Scale bar = 2 mm. + + + +Abdomen: male genitalia ( +Figs 4 +, +5 +) with tegumen wider than longer, projecting over uncus; ventral projection of tegumen in relation to valva, straight or oblique. Tegumen + uncus shorter than length of the valva. Uncus shorter than tegumen. Gnathos with dark punctuations or a few spines distally. Valva, harpe with bifid or trifid dorso-distal projections and spines; ampulla directed towards the dorsal or the distal portions; sacculus without setae. Fultura inferior with two antero-lateral projections. Aedeagus as long as the length of saccus + valva as in + +O. vatinius + +, or shorter as in + +O. gerasa + +; cornuti present, more conspicuous in + +O. vatinius + +. Female genitalia ( +Fig. 6 +) with lamella antevaginalis formed by two lateral plates directed towards the lamella postvaginalis with broad median projection directed towards the lamella postvaginalis. Lamella postvaginalis as a transversal line. Papilla analis rectangular, totally sclerotized in + +O. gerasa + +or with the posterior portion sclerotized in + +O. vatinius + +. Ductus bursae striated and longer than the corpus bursae. + + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Orphe gerasa + +, male genitalia, from +Tambopata +National Reserve, Madre de Díos, Peru (DZ 58.117). +A, +Dorsal view. +B, +Lateral view. +C, +Ventral view. +D, +Valva, inner view. +E, +Gnathos with dark punctuations distally. +F, +Fultura inferior, dorsal view. +G–J, +Aedeagus in dorsal, ventral, left and right lateral views. Scale bar (black = 1 mm; white = 0.2 mm, corresponding to gnathos). + + + + +FIGURE 5. + +Orphe vatinius + +, male genitalia, from +Manú +National Park, Madre de Díos, Peru (DZ 58.132). +A, +Dorsal view. +B, +Lateral view. +C, +Ventral view. +D, +Gnathos with a few spines distally. +E, +Valva, inner view. +F–I, +Aedeagus in dorsal, ventral, left and right lateral views. Scale bar (black = 1 mm; white = 0.2 mm, corresponding to gnathos). + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Orphe + + + + + + + +1 Wings, in male and female, ventrally covered with lilac scales in apical and submarginal areas ( +Fig. 1 +). Male stigma with a single row of grey scales along its edge ( +Fig. 3A +).................................................. + +Orphe gerasa + + + + + +- +Male wings ventrally covered with ferruginous scales ( +Fig. 2A–B +); stigma with several wavy-looking rows of scales ( +Fig. 3B +). Female VHW usually with grey scales in central and submarginal areas ( +Fig. 2D +), sometimes yellowish ( +Fig. 2F +).................................................................................................. + +Orphe vatinius + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file