From 429e42cdec3c080405afe3fd1faccaca09dfdbb0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Mon, 5 Aug 2024 23:47:44 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2024-08-05 23:45:33 --- .../87/038887B8EC42FFE3FCA2FCD15906FC16.xml | 77 ++ .../87/038887B8EC44FFE5FC30FB335F70FA38.xml | 89 ++ .../87/038887B8EC44FFE5FC63FC0E5E2BFB4F.xml | 74 ++ .../87/038887B8EC46FFE0FC6CFF005FEFFD92.xml | 209 +++ .../87/038887B8EC46FFE7FED7FD0E5B04FBFE.xml | 115 ++ .../87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF21F8EC585AF7FF.xml | 108 ++ .../87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF2FFE11588FFD6D.xml | 93 ++ .../87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF36FEFE5BF0FE55.xml | 74 ++ .../87/038887B8EC47FFE6FBD0FAE05F41FA01.xml | 89 ++ .../87/038887B8EC47FFE6FBD6FBF95E02FB1E.xml | 89 ++ .../87/038887B8EC47FFE6FC03FE2C5F6CFD2F.xml | 96 ++ .../87/038887B8EC47FFE6FEC3FA9C5BC7FA38.xml | 74 ++ .../87/038887B8EC47FFE6FECEFE1B5807FD34.xml | 86 ++ .../87/038887B8EC47FFE6FEF1FB9B585CFA89.xml | 82 ++ .../87/038887B8EC47FFE6FF25FCDB5BB7FBEB.xml | 103 ++ 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Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Manouria emys emys +(Schlegel & Müller) + + + + + + + + + +Testudo emys +– + + +Hanitsch, 1908: 38 + +(below “Gap” Resthouse) + + + + + +Material examined. – +ZRC +.2.44 (1), The Gap, coll: +R +. Hanitsch, 1907. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC44FFE5FC30FB335F70FA38.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC44FFE5FC30FB335F70FA38.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d40ca44e25a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC44FFE5FC30FB335F70FA38.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Bufo asper +Gravenhorst + + + + + + + + + +Bufo asper + +– + +Butler, 1904: 397 + +(Semangko Pass); + +Boulenger, 1912: 272 + +(Semangkok Pass); Lim & Subharaj, 1991: 7 (High Pines). + + + + + +Material examined. – + +ZRC +.1.9319 (1), Telecoms Loop, + +23 Feb.2002 + + +. + + +FAMILY +MEGOPHRYIDAE + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC44FFE5FC63FC0E5E2BFB4F.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC44FFE5FC63FC0E5E2BFB4F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..47202239702 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC44FFE5FC63FC0E5E2BFB4F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Ansonia penangensis +(Stoliczka) + + + + + + + + + +Bufo penangensis + +– + +Smith, 1922: 282 + +. + + + + + +Material examined. – +None. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE0FC6CFF005FEFFD92.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE0FC6CFF005FEFFD92.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e6ada6474bc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE0FC6CFF005FEFFD92.xml @@ -0,0 +1,209 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Limnonectes nitidus +(Smedley) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 2 +, +3 +) + + + + +Distribution. – +Endemic to the highlands of Peninsular +Malaysia +. Fraser’s Hill is the second montane locality where the species has been recorded. +Type +locality: Peninsular +Malaysia +; +Pahang +, Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata, elevation ca. +1,300m +asl. + + +Microhabitat. – +The larvae were found in a flat, water-logged seepage area behind a concrete embankment at edge of montane forest just adjacent to a bend in the road leading towards the Jeriau waterfalls. The elevation at this site was ca. +1,000m +asl. The entire seepage area (ca. 5 x +1m +) consisted of shallow (ca. +5cm +depth) pools with dense leaf litter/humus substrate. Voucher specimens of adult and sub-adult + +L. nitidus + +were collected from this same locality (DWNP.A.1186, ZRC.1.9356-9361, +Fig. 1 +). Apart from + +L. nitidus + +, other anuran larvae encountered at this microhabitat included + +L. blythii + +(ZRC.1.9310-9311), + +Rana luctuosa + +(ZRC.1.9312-9315) and + +Rhacophorus prominanus + +(ZRC.1.9316-9318). The calls of + +Polypedates leucomystax + +and a + +Microhyla + +(possibly + +M. annectens + +) were also heard in the area. + + + + +Diagnosis. – +A benthic larva which inhabits the lentic microhabitat of clear, shallow forest pools or puddles. A dorso-lateral pair of symmetrical, black patches at the anterior-most portion of tail muscle (body-tail junction) clearly visible from dorsal perspective. Body lightly speckled with fine pigments, whereas tail randomly interspersed with light dustings and concentrated patches. LTRF 2(2)/3(1); P- 1 divided, each half with lateral extremities arched on both ends, P-2 undivided but arranged in a symmetrical sinusoidal curve, P-3 shortest and assuming a crescent-shaped arch. + + +Morphology. – +( +Fig. 2 +) Body ovoid, snout tip rounded, BW 0.49-0.61 of BL; slightly depressed, BH 0.62-0.74 of BW; maximum width around mid-body; eyes dorsal, directed laterally, not visible from below, IOD 0.40-0.49 of BW, 1.53- 1.93 of oral disc width; nostrils dorsal, open, midway between eye and snout tip; IND 0.35-0.52 of IOD; spiracle sinistral, located on lateral surface, continuous with body wall, spiracular opening directed posterio-dorsally, snout-spiracle 0.40-0.45 of BL; anal tube dextral, continuous with ventral fin. Tail lanceolate; dorsal margin slightly convex, gradually tapering towards a narrow, rounded tip; ventral fin with straight margin, curving only at posterior _ of tail towards tail tip. TAL 1.50-1.99 of BL, MTH 0.21-0.22 of TAL; caudal muscle deeper than both fins for proximal 2/ 3 of tail. Dorsal fin originating a little after body-tail junction, forming a gentle gradient towards mid-tail convex, dorsal fin deeper than ventral at mid-tail only. Lateral line pores observable only in the earlier (Stages 25-27) larvae. No observable sub-dermal glands. + + +Colour and markings. – +(In life) Dorsum and sides light olive, rather translucent. Tail muscle olive, fins translucent. + +Body lightly speckled with melanophores, without concentrated blotches. Tail with heterogeneous arrangement of fine specklings and larger blotches. Venters, including anal tube and ventral margin of tail, unpigmented. Ventral fin without pigment for proximal 2/3 to 3/4 of tail length. Two dark patches located dorsally at body-tail junction. Pigmentation on snout tip extending onto anterior labium. + +Oral disc morphology. – +( +Fig. 3 +) Mouth ventral, subterminal, width 0.25-0.31 of BW, single row of marginal papillae on anterior labium confined to lateral portions only; lower labium with continuous row of short, conical papillae along margin, with an extra infra-marginal row towards the centre. Jaw sheaths finely serrated, upper jaw sheath with gentle median convexity, both upper and lower jaw sheaths heavily pigmented black. LTRF: 2(2)/3(1); A-1 continuous, A-2 broadly divided by upper jaw sheath, each half confined to lateral portions, 1/5th width of first row. P-1 narrowly divided, with the lateral extremities arched upwards; P-2 undivided, but arranged in the form of a symmetrical, sinusoidal curve; P-3 undivided as well, shortest (less than 1/2 width of second row), and arched to resemble a partial crescent. Individual labial teeth of anterior and posterior labia uniform in shape and length. + + +Developmental changes. – +Although recent metamorphs were not encountered at the microhabitat site, the most advanced larva (Stage 40) already developed well formed hind limbs, which demonstrated diagnostic characters of adult + +L. nitidus + +. These include slightly expanded, bulbous toe tips and incompletely webbed hind feet (fourth toe with two phalanges free of webbing). The developmental series was measured and reported in Table 1. + + +Interspecific comparisons. – +In Peninsular +Malaysia +, there is one species of + +Limnonectes + +[ + +L. tweediei +( +Smith, 1935 +) + +], which had been previously considered a junior synonym of + +L. nitidus + +, according to +Kiew (1974) +. Both species have subsequently been regarded as valid names each, with the diagnostic larval form of + +L. tweediei + +having been recently described (Leong & Yaakob, 2002). The finding of larval + +L. nitidus + +, along with determination of its diagnostic characters, reinforces the fact that both are indeed distinct species. The larvae of both species, while sharing basic characters, may be distinguished from each other by consistent differences in their (a) pigmentation patterns, and (b) LTRF. In larval + +L. tweediei + +, a distinct single dark patch is present at the body tail junction, whereas in + +L. nitidus + +, this marking at the same region consists of two separate patches not meeting in the middle. In + +L. tweediei + +, there is a uniform pattern of evenly distributed dark patches along the dorsal margin of its tail muscle, whereas in + +L. nitidus + +, such dark patches are randomly arranged throughout the tail. In + +L. tweediei + +, the LTRF is 2(2)/ 2(1); whereas in + +L. nitidus + +, it is 2(2)/3(1), exhibiting an additional row of labial teeth in the posterior labium. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FED7FD0E5B04FBFE.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FED7FD0E5B04FBFE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..639036b2281 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FED7FD0E5B04FBFE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Rhacophorus bipunctatus +Ahl + + + + + + + + + +Rhacophorus bimaculatus + +(non- Boulenger) – + +Smith, 1922: 278 + +; + +Smith, 1930: 114 + +; + +Berry, 1975: 99 + +. + + + + + +Rhacophorus reinwardtii bipunctatus + +– + +Wolf, 1936: 214 + +. + + + + +Rhacophorus bipunctatus + +– Manthey & Grossmann, 1997: 133; Chan-ard et al., 1999: 84 (at +1,000m +). + + + + +Material examined. – + +ZRC +.1.3272 (1), at + +1,200 m + +, roadkill along +Valley Road +, + +Nov.1995 + + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF21F8EC585AF7FF.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF21F8EC585AF7FF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..450912d92b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF21F8EC585AF7FF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Theloderma asperum +(Boulenger) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 4-7 +) + + + + +Material examined. – + +ZRC +.1.8043 (1), + +May.2001 + + +; + +DWNP +.A.1185 (1), +ZRC +.1.9320-9321 ( +2 females +) + +, + +ZRC +.1.9372-9373 (2 embryos), +ZRC +.1.9374-9375 (2 embryos), +ZRC +.1.9376-9389 ( +14 larvae +) + +, + +ZRC +.1.9390 (1 emergent), Telecoms Loop, + +23 Feb.2002 + + +. + + + + +Remarks. – +See larval description below. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF2FFE11588FFD6D.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF2FFE11588FFD6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..96aa379cd9a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF2FFE11588FFD6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Polypedates leucomystax +(Boie) + + + + + + + + + +Rhacophorus leucomystax + +– + +Smith, 1922: 278 + +. + + + + + +Material examined. – + +ZRC +.1.8042 (1), + +May.2001 + + +; + +DWNP +.A.1184 (1), +ZRC +.1.9368-9371 ( +4 larvae +), Telecoms Loop, + +23 Feb.2002 + + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF36FEFE5BF0FE55.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF36FEFE5BF0FE55.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1a36eca0199 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC46FFE7FF36FEFE5BF0FE55.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Philautus vermiculatus +(Boulenger) + + + + + + + + + +Philautus vermiculatus + +– + +Berry, 1975: 96 + +. + + + + + +Material examined. – +None. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FBD0FAE05F41FA01.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FBD0FAE05F41FA01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..16864a2bf24 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FBD0FAE05F41FA01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Rana luctuosa +(Peters) + + + + + + + + + +Rana luctuosa + +– + +Smith, 1922: 273 + +; + +Smith, 1930: 103 + +. + + + + + +Material examined. – + +ZRC +.1.9312-9315 ( +4 larvae +), seepage area about +1 km +uphill from Jeriau, + +23-24 Feb.2002 + + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FBD6FBF95E02FB1E.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FBD6FBF95E02FB1E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c24cbbabbb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FBD6FBF95E02FB1E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Rana hosii +Boulenger + + + + + + + + + + +Rana cataracta +Smith, 1922: 275 + + +. + + + + + +Rana hosii + +– + +Smith, 1930: 110 + +; + +Berry, 1975: 70 + +; Manthey & Grossmann, 1997: 111; Chan-ard et al., 1999: 76. + + + + + +Material examined. – +None. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FC03FE2C5F6CFD2F.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FC03FE2C5F6CFD2F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..734252a2af1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FC03FE2C5F6CFD2F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Limnonectes nitidus +(Smedley) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 1-3 +) + + + + +Material examined. – + +ZRC +.1.9281-9309 ( +29 larvae +), seepage area about +1 km +uphill from Jeriau, + +23-24 Feb 2002 + + +; + +DWNP +.A.1186 (1), +ZRC +.1.9356-9361 (6), seepage area about +1 km +uphill from Jeriau, + +24 Feb.2002 + + +. + + + + +Remarks. – +See larval description below. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FEC3FA9C5BC7FA38.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FEC3FA9C5BC7FA38.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d81e93f20ae --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FEC3FA9C5BC7FA38.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Amolops larutensis +(Boulenger) + + + + + + + + + +Rana larutensis + +– + +Smith, 1922: 277 + +. + + + + + +Material examined. – +None. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FECEFE1B5807FD34.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FECEFE1B5807FD34.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f6c67bd5195 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FECEFE1B5807FD34.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Megophrys nasuta +(Schlegel) + + + + + + + + + +Megophrys monticola nasuta + +– + +Yong, 1974: 56 + +(Water Falls – probably Jeriau Falls); + +Berry, 1975: 41 + +; + +Yong, 1976: 37 + +(water falls). + + + + + +Material examined. – +None. + + +FAMILY +MICROHYLIDAE + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FEF1FB9B585CFA89.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FEF1FB9B585CFA89.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8cf5c0ee303 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FEF1FB9B585CFA89.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Microhyla butleri +Boulenger + + + + + + + + + +Microhyla butleri + +– + +Smith, 1922: 281 + +; + +Parker, 1934: 132 + +. + + + + + +Material examined. – +None. + + +FAMILY +RANIDAE + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FF25FCDB5BB7FBEB.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FF25FCDB5BB7FBEB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8aaf1120a8d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC47FFE6FF25FCDB5BB7FBEB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Metaphrynella pollicaris +(Boulenger) + + + + + + + + + +Metaphrynella pollicaris + +– + +Berry, 1975: 117 + +(at +1,210m +); Manthey & Grossmann, 1997: 58, Abb. 24. + + + + + +Material examined. – + +ZRC +.1.1779 (1), on leaves of ornamental plant, + +30 Dec.1989 + + +; + +ZRC +.1.3453 (1), from tree hole + +1.5 m + +above ground, beside stream along Bishop’s trail, + +11 Dec.1996 + + +; + +ZRC +.1.8040-8041 (2), + +May.2001 + + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC4EFFEFFF20FD6B5850FCAB.xml b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC4EFFEFFF20FD6B5850FCAB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e2db19087e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/88/87/038887B8EC4EFFEFFF20FD6B5850FCAB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Herpetofaunal Records From Fraser’S Hill, Peninsular Malaysia, With Larval Descriptions Of Limnonectes Nitidus And Theloderma Asperum (Amphibia: Ranidae And Rhacophoridae) + + + +Author + +Leong, T. M. + + + +Author + +Lim, Kelvin K. P. + +text + + +Raffles Bulletin of Zoology + + +2003 + +51 + + +1 + + +123 +136 + + + +journal article +2345-7600 + + + + + + + +Maticora intestinalis lineata +Gray + + + + + + + +Material examined. – +ZRC +.2.3974 (1), at +1,365m +, 1952; +ZRC +.2.3975 (1), at +1,210m +, 1952. + + +FAMILY +VIPERIDAE + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2AFF8046E99F029C86FE6A.xml b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2AFF8046E99F029C86FE6A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..05233f388e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2AFF8046E99F029C86FE6A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ + + + +Morphological phylogeny of Megachilini and the evolution of leaf-cutter behavior in bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Victor H. +Undergraduate Biology Program, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (victorgonzab @ gmail. com). & Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). + + + +Author + +Gustafson, Grey T. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). + + + +Author + +Engel, Michael S. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA. + +text + + +Journal of Melittology + + +2019 + +2019-07-03 + + +2019 + + +85 + + +1 +123 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 + +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 +2325-4467 +13228910 +46F71985-5AF2-4AF8-AD53-1E9070547021 + + + + + + +Pseudoheriadini +Gonzalez & Engel + +, +new tribe + + + +ZooBank: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +DEC53F0B-8A55-418B-B72D-840B9F388F09 + + + + + +( +Fig. 15 +) + + + + + +TYPE +GENUS +: + +Pseudoheriades +Peters, 1970 + + +. + + + + +DIAGNOSIS: This tribe can be readily separated from all other tribes of +Megachilinae +by the following combination of features: small body size (4.0‒ +8.5 mm +in length); heriadiform ( +Fig. 15A +); maxillary palpus dimerous (two palpomeres); propodeum with basal area not marked posteriorly by a strong carina, but if present, it does not extend laterally behind propodeal spiracle; outer surfaces of pro- and mesotibiae without a distinct notch on distal margin; arolia present; female T6 with wide apical hyaline rim; male T7 large, exposed, quadrately surrounded by T6 ( +Fig. 15B +); male S3 with gradulus projecting into thin, basal hyaline lamella; male S5 with capitate discal setae. + + + + +DESCRIPTION: +♀ +: Preoccipital carina present (laterally in + +Pseudoheriades + +, dorsally in + +Afroheriades + +); clypeus little to not overhanging labral base; labrum not elongate, margin without fringe or apical tuft of setae; maxillary palpi dimerous (two palpomeres); mesoscutellum flat or slightly convex, not overhanging metanotum; metepisternum with dorsal carina or lamella (weakly present in + +Afroheriades + +); T6 with wide apical hyaline rim; S6 without lateral or apical projection. + + + +♂ +: Metasoma with two or three sterna visible; +T7 +large, exposed, quadrately surrounded by +T6 +; S3 with gradulus projecting into thin, basal hyaline lamella; S5 with capitate discal setae + +. + + + + +COMMENTS: This tribe contains at least 15 species ( +Griswold & Gonzalez, 2011 +; Ascher & Pickering, 2018) grouped in two Eastern Hemisphere genera, + +Afroheriades + +and + +Pseudoheriades + +. The first genus is restricted to the +Cape Province +of +South Africa +whereas the second is more widespread, occurring across Africa, the Middle East, and +India +. +Griswold (1985) +provided detailed descriptions and diagnostic features of both genera, some of which +Griswold & Gonzalez (2011) +illustrated. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2BFF8046F09A829B17FB8A.xml b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2BFF8046F09A829B17FB8A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e50dbb69a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2BFF8046F09A829B17FB8A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ + + + +Morphological phylogeny of Megachilini and the evolution of leaf-cutter behavior in bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Victor H. +Undergraduate Biology Program, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (victorgonzab @ gmail. com). & Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). + + + +Author + +Gustafson, Grey T. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). + + + +Author + +Engel, Michael S. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA. + +text + + +Journal of Melittology + + +2019 + +2019-07-03 + + +2019 + + +85 + + +1 +123 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 + +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 +2325-4467 +13228910 +46F71985-5AF2-4AF8-AD53-1E9070547021 + + + + + + +Ochreriadini +Gonzalez & Engel + +, +new tribe + + + +ZooBank: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +D70C4AF0-CE03-4A89-9881-AA8ABAE29225 + + + + + +( +Fig. 15 +) + + + + + +TYPE +GENUS +: + +Ochreriades +Mavromoustakis, 1956 + + +. + + + + +DIAGNOSIS: This tribe is readily separated from all other tribes of +Megachilinae +by the following combination of features: body elongate and with yellow or ivory integumental markings; pronotum distinctly elevated and surrounding mesoscutum anteriorly; mouthparts elongate, reaching tip of metasoma. + + + + +DESCRIPTION: +♀ +: Clypeus not overhanging labral base; labrum not elongate, margin without fringe or apical tuft of setae; maxillary palpus trimerous (three palpomeres); metepisternum with dorsal carina or lamella; pronotum enlarged and surrounding mesoscutum anteriorly, practically eliminating omaular surface of mesepisternum and anterior surface of mesoscutum; mesoscutellum flat, on same plane with metanonum and propodeal base, as seen in profile; T6 without wide apical hyaline rim; S6 without lateral or apical projection. + + + +♂ +: Metasoma with six sterna visible; S2 and S3, each with disc swollen; S4 with dense pubescence on disc; S5 not emarginate, with branched or simple discal setae; +T7 +exposed, inferiorly directed + +. + + + + +COMMENTS: This tribe contains a single genus, + +Ochreriades + +, which consists of two species. + +Ochreriades fasciatus +(Friese) + +occurs in the Middle East whereas + +O +. +rozeni +Griswold + +occurs in +Namibia +, Africa ( +Griswold, 1994 +; Ascher & Pickering, 2018). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2BFF8646159FA29E5FFC69.xml b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2BFF8646159FA29E5FFC69.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..58707657808 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2BFF8646159FA29E5FFC69.xml @@ -0,0 +1,256 @@ + + + +Morphological phylogeny of Megachilini and the evolution of leaf-cutter behavior in bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Victor H. +Undergraduate Biology Program, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (victorgonzab @ gmail. com). & Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). + + + +Author + +Gustafson, Grey T. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). + + + +Author + +Engel, Michael S. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA. + +text + + +Journal of Melittology + + +2019 + +2019-07-03 + + +2019 + + +85 + + +1 +123 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 + +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 +2325-4467 +13228910 +46F71985-5AF2-4AF8-AD53-1E9070547021 + + + + + + +Cremnomegachile +Gonzalez & Engel + +, +new genus + + + +ZooBank: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +9B13591A-A7C6-4781-AF42-4B131460E1B5 + + + + + +( +Fig. 16 +) + + + + + +TYPE +SPECIES +: + +Megachile dolichosoma +Benoist, 1962 + + +. + + + + +DIAGNOSIS: This genus resembles + +Stenomegachile + +in the elongate, shiny female mandible ( +Fig. 16A +), female hypostomal area toothed, and male preapical carina of T6 bilobed ( +Fig. 16E +). It can easily be separated by the shape of the mesoscutum, which is midanteriorly projected and truncate, thus forming an anterior-facing area ( +Fig. 16B +). + + + +DESCRIPTION: Small to moderate sized-bees (10.0–12.0 mm in body length). Integument shiny, with punctures coarse and spaced. Preoccipital border strongly carinate on gena; ocelloccipital distance distinctly greater than ocellocular distance. + +♀ +: Mandible without interdental laminae, elongate, outer surface shiny, with apex about as broad as base, four-toothed, Mt 4 on upper margin and clearly separated from Mt 1–3, which are on distal margin; clypeus not covering base of labrum; labrum elongate, triangular, with distinct preapical protuberance bearing long, stiff tuft of setae; hypostomal carina with posterior portion ending in a tooth. Pronotal lobe with transverse lamella; mesoscutum flat on disc, midanteriorly projected and truncate, thus forming an anterior-facing area; mesoscutellum flat, not overhanging metanotum in dorsal view ( +Fig. 4C +). Metasoma narrow, parallel-sided, with white apical fasciae and distinct postgradular grooves on T2–T4; sterna without apical fasciae beneath scopa; T6 straight (vertical) in profile. + + + +Figure 15. +Tribes +Pseudoheriadini +and +Ochreriadini +. +A. +Female of + +Afroheriades hyalinus +Griswold & Gonzalez + +in lateral view. +B. +Male terminal terga of + +Pseudoheriades moricei +(Friese) + +. +C, D. +Female of + +Ochreriades fasciatus +(Friese) + +in dorsal and lateral views. +E. +Male terminal terga of + +O +. +fasciatus + +. + + + +♂ +: Antennal flagellum unmodified, F1 shorter than F2; mandible tridentate, without basal projection or tooth on lower margin; hypostomal carina unmodified, area behind mandible unmodified, without a projection or concavity; procoxa aspinose; pro- and mesotibiae and tarsi unmodified; metabasitarsus elongate, about 4.0× longer than broad; mesotibial spur present, articulated to mesotibia, about as long as apical width of mesotibia. T6 vertical in profile, with deep concavity above broad, medially emarginate preapical carina, distal margin without a distinct tooth or projection; T7 with preapical carina broadly rounded; S4 exposed, with punctation and vestiture similar to those of preceding sterna; S8 with marginal setae. Genital capsule elongate, 1.9× longer than wide; gonostylus straight or nearly so in ventral view, apically simple (not bifid), much narrower than base in lateral view, with long setae along its medial margin; volsella present, apically truncate. + + + + +ETYMOLOGY: The new genus-group name is a combination of of the Greek word, +kremnos +, meaning “overhanging wall”, in reference to the projected and anterior-facing surface of the mesoscutum, and the generic name + +Megachile + +. The gender of the name is feminine [as noted by + +Gonzalez +et al +. (2018 + +: p. 19), although + +Megachile + +is a neuter pleural and should be nomenclaturally considered masculine, precedence is to consider names based on +chile +( +ΧΕῖλος +), meaning, “lip” or “rim”, to be feminine]. + + + + + +COMMENTS: The genus is known from the +type +species only, which occurs in southern +Madagascar +( + +Pauly +et al +., 2001 + +). +This +results in the +new combination +, + +Cremnomegachile dolichosoma +(Benoist) + + +. + + +In addition to the features indicated in the diagnosis, the male of + +Stenomegachile + +differs from that of + +Cremnomegachile + +in the four-toothed mandible (tridentate in + +Cremnomegachile + +); the hypostomal area, behind the mandible, which is strongly projected into a tooth (unmodified in + +Cremnomegachile + +); and the pro- and mesotarsi that are expanded (normal in + +Cremnomegachile + +). The genital morphology is quite different, particularly in the shape of the volsella, which is narrow and apically notched ( +vide +Pasteels, 1965 +: p. 513). In the female of + +Stenomegachile + +the mandible is more elongate and apically curved, and the labrum is long but parallel-sided. The hypostomal projection of + +Stenomegachile + +might not be homologous to the hypostomal tooth of + +Cremnomegachile + +because it is not part of the posterior portion of the hypostomal carina as in the latter genus. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2DFF8446C898829EBBFE0A.xml b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2DFF8446C898829EBBFE0A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b1ba9e523d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2DFF8446C898829EBBFE0A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ + + + +Morphological phylogeny of Megachilini and the evolution of leaf-cutter behavior in bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Victor H. +Undergraduate Biology Program, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (victorgonzab @ gmail. com). & Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). + + + +Author + +Gustafson, Grey T. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). + + + +Author + +Engel, Michael S. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA. + +text + + +Journal of Melittology + + +2019 + +2019-07-03 + + +2019 + + +85 + + +1 +123 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 + +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 +2325-4467 +13228910 +46F71985-5AF2-4AF8-AD53-1E9070547021 + + + + + + +Rozenapis +Gonzalez & Engel + +, +new genus + + + +ZooBank: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +6CD5BAC1-311E-4476-8F26-755312E57364 + + + + + + +TYPE +SPECIES +: + +Megachile ignita +Smith, 1853 + + +. + + + + +DIAGNOSIS: This genus superficially resembles some robust species of + +Hackeriapis + +with the terminal terga reddish and thus contrasting with the preceeding black terga. The female shares with + +Austrochile + +a large, conspicuous midapical spine on S1 (absent in + +Hackeriapis + +), but it differs in the mandible. In + +Austrochile + +the transverse ridge is strong and extends basally to merge with the acetabular carina, whereas in + +Rozenapis + +such a ridge is entirely absent. The male differs from + +Austrochile + +in the absence of the midapical spine of S1 and the shape of T6, which has four equally distant teeth on its distal margin and a preapical carina that extends almost across the entire width of the tergum. In + +Austrochile + +the spine of S1 is present, the preapical carina of T6 is restricted to the median third, and the median projections of the distal margin are closer than the distance from one of them to a lateral tooth. The male of + +Rozenapis + +differs from + +Hackeriapis +( +sensu +King, 1994 +) + +in the impunctate distal margins of T2–T4, which are narrow and nearly concolorous with the discal areas (broad, distinctive, and hyaline in + +Hackeriapis + +). It also differs in the pretarsal claws, which lack a basal tooth (present in + +Hackeriapis + +). + + + +DESCRIPTION: Moderate-sized bees (12.0–15.0 mm in body length). Integument shiny, with punctures coarse and nearly contiguous. Preoccipital border rounded, not carinate; ocelloccipital distance slightly longer than ocellocular distance in female, much longer in male. + +♀ +: Mandible without interdental laminae, short, outer surface dulled without transverse ridge, with apex about as broad as base, four-toothed; clypeus barely covering base of labrum; labrum rectangular. Pronotal lobe with transverse carina; mesoscutellum not overhanging metanotum in dorsal view. Metasoma robust, parallel-sided, with white apical fasciae laterally only and weak postgradular grooves on basal terga; S1 with long, distinct midapical projection; sterna without apical fasciae beneath scopa; T6 gently convex in profile, slightly concave preapically. + + + +Figure 16. + +Cremnomegachile dolichosoma +(Benoist) + +, +new combination +. +A. +Facial view of female. +B. +Detail of female mesoscutum. +C. +Female metasoma in dorsal view. +D. +Lateral view of female. +E. +Male terminal terga. +F. +Lateral view of male. + + + +♂ +: Antennal flagellum unmodified, F1 shorter than F2; mandible tridentate, without basal projection or tooth on lower margin; hypostomal area behind mandible unmodified, without a projection or concavity; procoxal spine small; pro- and mesotibiae and tarsi slightly expanded; metabasitarsus elongate, about 4.0× longer than broad; mesotibial spur present, articulated to mesotibia, about as long as apical width of mesotibia. T6 vertical in profile, with deep concavity above broad, medially emarginate preapical carina, distal margin with four small, equidistant teeth or projections; T7 with preapical carina slightly projecting medially; S4 apically exposed, with punctation and vestiture similar to those of preceding sterna; S8 with marginal setae. Genital capsule elongate, 1.4× longer than wide; gonostylus straight or nearly so in ventral view, apically simple, truncate, much broader than base in lateral view, with short setae along its medial margin; volsella present, apically notched. + + + + +ETYMOLOGY: The new genus-group name is a patronymic honoring Dr. Jerome G. Rozen, Jr., of the American Museum of Natural History, for his significant contributions to the biology and systematics of bees, and his many years of dear friendship and mentorship to M.S.E. The name is a combination of his surname and + +Apis +Linnaeus + +(Latin, meaning, “bee”). The gender of the name is feminine. + + + + +COMMENTS: This genus resulted as the sister group of + +Austrochile + +in our analyses. Only the +type +species from +western Australia +is known, which +Michener (1965) +listed in + +Hackeriapis + +as a member of species group ‘A’. This results in the +new combination +, + +Rozenapis ignita +(Smith) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2FFFFB46F199629C94FECA.xml b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2FFFFB46F199629C94FECA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c06177e299a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/DC/C9/03DCC963FA2FFFFB46F199629C94FECA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ + + + +Morphological phylogeny of Megachilini and the evolution of leaf-cutter behavior in bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Victor H. +Undergraduate Biology Program, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (victorgonzab @ gmail. com). & Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). + + + +Author + +Gustafson, Grey T. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). + + + +Author + +Engel, Michael S. +Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (gtgustafson @ gmail. com). & Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA. + +text + + +Journal of Melittology + + +2019 + +2019-07-03 + + +2019 + + +85 + + +1 +123 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 + +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i85.11541 +2325-4467 +13228910 +46F71985-5AF2-4AF8-AD53-1E9070547021 + + + + + + +Saucrochile +Gonzalez & Engel + +, +new genus + + + +ZooBank: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +395871FD-1354-4660-ACDD-1DF694882441 + + + + + + +TYPE +SPECIES +: + +Megachile heriadiformis +Smith, 1853 + + +. + + + + +DIAGNOSIS: This genus is most similar to + +Hackeriapis +( +sensu +King, 1994 +) + +. It differs in the pretarsal claws, which lack of a basal tooth, and in the distal margins of male T2–T4, which are punctate and concolorous with the discal areas. In + +Hackeriapis + +, the pretarsal claws have a distinct basal tooth and the distal margins of male T2–T4 are impunctate, broad, and hyaline. In addition, the pronotal lobe is distinctly carinate or lamellate, at least dorsally, in + +Hackeriapis + +, while the pronotal lobe is completely round- ed in + +Saucrochile + +. + + + +DESCRIPTION: Small sized-bees (8.0–11.0 mm in body length). Integument shiny, with punctures coarse and spaced. Preoccipital border rounded, not carinate; ocelloccipital distance much longer than ocellocular distance. + +♀ +: Mandible without interdental laminae, elongate, outer surface shiny, with sparse punctures, outer ridge weak, extending basally to acetabular carina, three teeth on distal margin; clypeus not covering base of labrum; labrum elongate, parallel-sided, without preapical protuberance. Pronotal lobe without transverse carina or lamella; mesoscutellum flat, not overhanging metanotum in dorsal view. Metasoma elongate, parallel-sided, with white apical fasciae and strong postgradular grooves on basal terga; sterna without apical fasciae beneath scopa; T6 gently convex in profile. + + +♂ +: Antennal flagellum unmodified, F1 shorter than F2; mandible tridentate, without basal projection or tooth on lower margin; hypostomal area behind mandible unmodified, without a projection or concavity; procoxal spine small; pro- and mesotibiae and tarsi unmodified; metabasitarsus elongate, about 4.0× longer than broad; mesotibial spur present, articulated to mesotibia, about as long as apical width of mesotibia. T6 vertical in profile, with weak concavity above narrow, medially emarginate preapical carina, distal margin with four small, equidistant teeth or projections; T7 with preapical carina slightly projecting medially; S4 hidden, with punctation and vestiture different to those of preceding sterna; S8 with marginal setae. Genital capsule elongate, about 2.0× longer than wide; gonostylus straight or nearly so in ventral view, slightly narrower basally in lateral view, apically simple, with short setae along its medial margin; volsella present, apically notched. + + + + +ETYMOLOGY: The new genus-group name is a combination of of the Greek words, +saukros +, meaning “graceful”, in reference to the general elegant aspect of this group, and +chile +, meaning “lip” or “rim”. The gender of the name is feminine ( +vide +Etymology for + +Cremnomegachile + +, +supra +). + + + + +COMMENT: Only the +type +species from the southern half of +Australia +is known, which +Michener (1965) +listed in + +Hackeriapis + +as a member of species group ‘A’. This results in the +new combination +, + +Saucrochile heriadiformis +(Smith) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57014FFCCFC0CB6BD5F378AE2.xml b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57014FFCCFC0CB6BD5F378AE2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..69c171384b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57014FFCCFC0CB6BD5F378AE2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,777 @@ + + + +On some Silverfish Taxa from the Mildura Region (Inland South-eastern Australia) (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Ctenolepismatinae) + + + +Author + +Smith, Graeme B. + + + +Author + +Mitchell, Andrew + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +151 +199 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 +2201-4349 + + + + + + + +Acrotelsella tanni + +sp. nov. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: +5AE074A3-1922-4BF9-88D6-2DFF2B6AA557 + + + + + +Figs 124–156 + + + + + + +Holotype + +♀ +( +HW 1.73 +) +NEW SOUTH WALES +: +Mungo National Park +33.491°S +143.101°E + +26.viii.2017 + +, +J. Tann +, bark spray, AMS K.377775 (on two slides) + +. + + +Paratypes + +1♀ +( +HW 1.54 +) same data as holotype, AMS K.377776 (in alcohol) + +; + +♂ +( +HW 1.40 +) same data as holotype, K.377777 (on two slides) + +; + +10 specimens +( +HW +not recorded) same data as holotype, K.377778 (in alcohol) + +; + +78 specimens +, mostly subadult and juvenile ( +HW +not recorded), same data as holotype, AMS K.377779 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.43 +) +Mungo National Park +, +Mungo National Park +, +Garnpang House +33.490°S +143.101°E +, + +31.viii.2017 + +, +J. Tann +, bark spray, AMS K.377780 (on two slides) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.55 +) same data as previous, AMS K.377781 (in alcohol) + +; + +27 specimens +( +HW +not recorded) same data as previous, AMS K.377782 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.60 +) +Mungo National Park +33.355°S +143.139°E +, + +31.viii.2017 + +, +J. Tann +, bark spray, AMS K.377784 (on two slides) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +( +HW +not recorded), same data as previous, AMS K.377785 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.50 +) +Mungo National Park +, +Leaghur Tank +33.618°S +143.034°E +, + +viii.2017 + +, +J. Tann +, bark spray, AMS K.377788 (on two slides) + +; + +six specimens +( +HW +not recorded) same data as previous,AMS K.377789 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.28 +) +Mungo National Park +, SS1 +33.632°S +143.031°E +, + +28.viii.2017 + +, +J. Tann +, bark spray, AMS K.377790 (in alcohol) + +. + + + +Additional material examined +but not included in +type +series + +. + +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +0.75) +NEW SOUTH WALES +: +Jerilderie +35.34730°S +145.60062°E + +104m +asl + +, + +5.xi.2014 + +, +Graeme Smith +, leaf litter,AMS K.377977 (in alcohol) + +; + +six juvenile +specimens ( +HW +not recorded) same data as previous, AMS K.377978 (in alcohol) + +; + +1 subadult +♂ +( +HW +0.81) +Jerilderie +, +35.34721°S +145.60028°E + +107m +asl + +, + +5.xi.2014 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to old +Eucalypt +, AMS K.541638 (on slide) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.13 +) ca. +40km +east of +Hay +34.50587°S +145.23440°E + +97m +asl + +, + +22.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to +River Red Gum +,AMS K.261259 (on two slides) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.18 +) same data as previous,AMS K.377975 (in alcohol) + +; + +2♂♂ +1♀ +2 juvenile +♀♀ +specimens ( +HW +not recorded) same data as previous, AMS K.377976 (in alcohol) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. This species can be distinguished from other described + +Acrotelsella + +with a simple ovipositor by a combination of characters including, the number of papillae on the apical article of the labial palp (five), the presence of two macrochaetae mediad of the anterior trichobothrium and three laterad of the posterior trichobothrium of the pronotum (at least in mature specimens) versus only one and two respectively, the parabolic shape of the thoracic sternites with 5–8 combs along about ⅔ of the margin of the prosternum each of which is more or less in a single line (versus complex overlapping lines in + +A. parlevar + +), (2–3)+(2–3) in the mesosternum and (1–2)+(1–2) on the metasternum and the sexual dichotomy of the angle of the quite pointed urotergite X (40° in females and 50–58° in the males). + + + + +Figure 124 +. Known distribution of + +Acrotelsella tanni + +sp. nov. + + + + +Description + + +Appearance +: Medium to large silverfish, with narrow body, thorax not much wider than the abdomen which only tapers slightly posteriorly. Scale pattern when live see +Figure 125 +, in alcohol mottled brown. + + +Body length +: H+B up to +10.8 mm +, HW +1.73 mm +; thorax: length +3.5 mm +or 0.27–0.33 H+B; width +2.73 mm +with the mesonotum being slightly wider than the pronotum and metanotum, the metanotum being slightly shorter than the pro- and mesonota. Antennae incomplete, maximum preserved length +9.6 mm +or>0.9 H+B; terminal filaments all broken, maximum length of terminal filaments +7.9 mm +or>0.79 H+B. + + +Pigmentation +: Flagellum of antennae without annulations, light brown pigment evenly distributed; pedicel with patch of pigment on anterior face, scape without pigment. Frons with pigment around the eyes and among the macrochaetae anterior to the eyes, labrum and clypeus without pigment, mandibles and maxillae without pigment among bushes of macrochaetae, ultimate article of maxillary palp with very slight pigment except basally, penultimate article with some pigment evenly distributed, third article with slightly more pigment, second article with a little pigment above; labial palp without pigment. Nota and thoracic sterna without obvious pigment. Coxae of legs without pigment. Trochanter with faint pigment along posterior margin especially distally. Femora with slight pigment along posterior bulge and distally on the outer margin. Tibia with light pigment over much of outer face, more so distally. First tarsal article with a little blotchy pigment above, remaining articles without pigment. Abdominal segments without obvious pigment except for light pigment on coxites IX. Ovipositor largely without pigment except for a light scattering of pigment distally. Cerci and median filament with moderate brown pigment overall, except lighter around the distal most annulus of each division bearing the large macrochaetae, this lighter area can be less prominent in some individuals. Abdominal styli with light pigment. Some males (e.g., K.377777 and K.377780) with more pigment, especially noticeable in posterior abdominal sternites and edges of tergites. + + +Macrochaetae +: Variable, pectinate ( +Fig. 126 +) or smooth, straw coloured. + + +Scales +: Variable in shape, with numerous sub-parallel ribs that do not surpass the margin of the scale ( +Fig. 127 +), those dorsal brown, those ventral hyaline. Scales found on top of head, on scape, on second and third articles of maxillary palp, on mentum of labium, all nota, all thoracic sterna, legs (except for trochanter and last three articles of tarsi), all urotergites and urosternites, styli and terminal filaments. + + + +Figure 125 +. + +Acrotelsella tanni + +sp. nov. +, Hay + + + +Head +: ( +Fig. 128 +) wider than long, with 1+1 not very dense bushes of macrochaetae aligned in subparallel rows on the antero-lateral corners. Eyes dark brown in alcohol preserved material. There is a small gap in the row of macrochaetae along the margin above the antennal bases behind which is another row of macrochaetae 2–3 wide which extends to and above the eyes; the peri-antennal group is almost connected with the lateral rows. Clypeus with 1+1 very dense bushes of strongly pectinate macrochaetae as well as a few curved setae laterally. Labrum also with 1+1 dense bushes of pectinate macrochaetae as well as many simple setae, some longer than others. — Antennae fairly long, scape ( +Fig. 129 +) quite long with scales over surface and a preapical ring of numerous setae; pedicel with preapical ring of strong simple setae and cilia as well as smaller setae in a ring about half way along the face and an incomplete ring in the distal third as well as some small scattered setae over face; first annulus/interval of flagellum with an incomplete subapical ring of simple setae and about two trichobothria; next annulus with two rings of simple setae each with about two trichobothria which probably represents an annuli in the process of dividing; subsequent intervals with single ring of setae and cilia across the middle of the annulus and two short trichobothria per annulus. Intervals of flagellum subdivided into two from the ninth interval and further into three then four from the 13th interval. Distally it is difficult to decide how many annuli per interval ( +Fig. 130 +), trichobothria are seen every 11th of 12 annuli but circular sensilla are seen on the eighth and on other specimens there appears to be two circular sensilla on adjacent annuli around the middle of the interval, the more distal being larger than the more proximal with the most distal annulus bearing a proximal ring of setae and a subapical ring of cilia and a trichobothrium. — Mandibles ( +Figs 131, 132 +) typical for + +Acrotelsella + +with prominent molar and large incisor areas; a group of about nine strong apically bifurcated but simple setae distally adjacent to the pectinate molar area and a bush of extremely numerous and densely packed pectinate macrochaetae externally as well as scattered simple setae. — Maxilla ( +Fig. 133 +) with two thicker, smooth or slightly pectinate macrochaetae externally proximal to the palp, the lacinia with three strong teeth, one set further back than the other two, followed by about seven lamellate processes and a row of 4–9 smooth setae, those nearest the lamellate processes shorter and conical in shape, galea longer than the lacinia with 4–6 strong, smooth, simple or apically bifurcate setae externally in its basal half and several cilia distally ( +Fig. 134 +); maxillary palp very long and thin, apical article 6.1–7.4 times longer than wide and 0.86–1.07 times as long as the penultimate article which is 0.87 times as long as the third and longest article, the ultimate article with a circular sensillum subapically appearing like a “sensillum of Silvestri” ( +sensu +Mendes, 1986a +) with a protruding lobe or sometimes could not be seen; last two articles of palp with fine setae only, third article with one slightly stronger seta subapically, first and second articles with subapical ring of slightly thicker setae, the ring incomplete on the basal article. — Labium ( +Fig. 136 +) very short and broad, postmentum with transverse row of simple and truncate, apically bifurcate macrochaetae, prementum with transverse and oblique rows of short strong apically bifurcated setae, apically with long curved setulae; labial palp short, the second article quite slender with several strong setae; apical article expanded medially, a little shorter than long (0.77–1.04) with row of five papillae of compact +type +arranged in a single row near the outer margin, with a single (?) circular walled basiconic sensillum and at least one rod-like basiconic sensillum ( +type +B) on the outer margin, covered with numerous fine setae as well as longer fine setae. + + +Thorax +: Pronotum ( +Fig. 137 +) with dense setal collar about three macrochaetae wide, with very slight gap medially, some macrochaetae very long and strongly pectinate in outer quarter, others shorter with subtle pectinations; lateral margins with a few setae along the margin, those still present with very subtle pectinations or even appearing completely smooth (especially posteriorly), with 7–8 combs of 1–3 strongly pectinate macrochaetae along each margin. Two open trichobothrial areas; the anterior trichobothrial area ( +Fig. 138 +) about 0.28–0.37 of the distance along the margin, associated with comb N-3, the trichobothrium being placed between the comb of 1–2 macrochaetae and the margin; posterior trichobothrial area is located about 0.70–0.75 of the distance along the margin and is associated with the last comb which is composed of three macrochaetae with the short trichobothrium at the mediad end and a cilium at the laterad end, all combs associated with a several setulae. Posterior margin with 1+1 combs of 3–8 insertion points associated with a few small setae between the comb and the margin and a cilium at each end; on K.377780 and K.377777, the outermost insertion on the comb is occupied by a long thin trichobothria-like seta (about as long as ⅔ the length of the nota), presumably this is the case in all other specimens where the combs have been lost (also the case with K.377788 on the metanotum). Distance between the posterior combs 41–49% of the width of the pronotum. — Mesonotum ( +Fig. 139 +) with lateral chaetotaxy similar to pronotum but with 9–12 combs each of 2–5 macrochaetae (rarely 1, in a juvenile specimen), the anterior trichobothrial area located 0.56–0.61 along the lateral margin associated with comb N-2 composed of 2–3 macrochaetae with the trichobothrium located between the macrochaetae and the margin, with several setulae posterior to the comb and a cilium at the mediad end. Posterior trichobothrial area slightly more posterior than that on the pronotum (0.81–0.83), the trichobothrium located mediad to the comb of 2–3 macrochaetae and with several setulae posterior to the comb. Posterior margin with 1+1 combs of 4–9 insertions usually with a cilium at the mediad end, the most lateral macrochaeta most likely a long, thin, trichobothrium-like seta, with a few setulae between the comb and the margin. — Metanotum ( +Fig. 140 +) similar to mesonotum with 8–10 combs of 2–4 macrochaetae (rarely 1–3), the anterior trichobothrial area associated with comb N-1 of two macrochaetae about 0.70–0.72 along the margin, the posterior trichobothrial area associated with the most posterior comb and the posterior 1+1 combs each of 6–8 insertions the most lateral macrochaeta being a long, thin, trichobothrium-like, with a few setulae between the comb and the margin ( +Fig. 141 +). + + + +Figures 126–136 +. + +Acrotelsella tanni + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +126 +) long pectinate macrochaeta of head; ( +127 +) darker dorsal scale of mesonotum; ( +128 +) head (cross-hatched area obscured by eye pigment); ( +129 +) antenna, scape, pedicel and basal intervals of flagellum; ( +130 +) idem, most distal surviving complete interval; ( +131 +) mandible; ( +132 +) idem, molar and incisor region; ( +133 +) maxilla; ( +134 +) idem, lacinia and galea; ( +135 +) idem, apex of ultimate article of palp; ( +136 +) labium. +cs += circular sensillum. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 137–144 +. + +Acrotelsella tanni + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ unless otherwise indicated by specimen number ( +137 +) pronotum; ( +138 +) idem, right anterior trichobothrial area; ( +139 +) mesonotum; ( +140 +) metanotum; ( +141 +) idem, right posterior comb (K.377788); ( +142 +) presternum, prothoracic sternum; ( +143 +) mesothoracic sternum; ( +144 +) combs of mesosternum. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Presternum very narrow, with transverse row of cilia and setulae ( +Fig. 142 +). — Prothoracic sternum ( +Fig. 142 +) large, almost as long as the coxa, 0.98–1.05 times as long as wide at its base, parabolic, rounded/sometimes slightly flattened apically, antero-lateral corners with about 20 simple small setae, posterior two thirds of lateral margins with fringe of setae and some cilia as well as 5–8 combs each composed of 2–11 pectinate macrochaetae arranged in curved combs in a single line, although an occasional macrochaeta can be found slightly off-set from the rest. — Mesosternum ( +Figs 143, 144 +) a little larger than prosternum (1.1–1.2 times as long) but similar in shape, about a long as wide at its base (L/ +W 0.90 +–1.02), with or without fine setae in the anterolateral corners, with long, thin simple marginal setae and cilia along the posterior quarter of the lateral margins and 2+2 or 2+3 combs distally, the more anterior composed of 6–11 strongly pectinate macrochaetae, the next of 2–7 macrochaetae and the most distal of 1–3 pectinate or smooth macrochaetae, the more anterior combs with several setulae spread over the region distal to each comb. — Metasternum ( +Figs 145, 146 +) shorter and wider than the mesosternum (L/ +W 0.75 +–0.81) apically rounded, the margins may be slightly concave adjacent to the posterior combs, with marginal setae and cilia along distal margins adjacent to the combs as well as several setulae between the combs and the margin; 1+1, 1+2 or 2+2 subdistal combs of 6–14 strongly pectinate macrochaetae. + + + +Figures 145–151 +. + +Acrotelsella tanni + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +145 +) metathoracic sternum and PIII; ( +146 +) combs of metasternum; ( +147 +) urotergite VII; ( +148 +) idem, right combs; ( +149 +) urotergite X; ( +150 +) urosternite VII; ( +151 +) left comb of urosternite IV. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Legs of average dimensions, neither long and slender nor short and stout, tibia L/W ratio of PI 2.8 (range 2.5–3.1), PII 3.3 (range 3.0–3.5), PIII 4.0 (range 3.5–4.5); tarsi L/W ratio PI 6.5 (range 5.9–7.0), PII 7.1 (range 6.7–7.2), PIII 8.9 (range 8.1–9.6). PI ( +Fig. 142 +) with a row of about seven macrochaetae laterally on the precoxa. Coxa with scales and a group of about ten macrochaetae on the anterolateral corners followed by a field of pectinate macrochaetae along the external margin about three macrochaetae wide; inner margin with a four lightly pectinate macrochaetae and several smooth and pectinate setae of varying thickness distally over the articulation; distal end with distinct cleft, with a row of small setae insertions along the mediad margin. Trochanter with a few strong smooth setae. Femur posteriorly with three slender pectinate macrochaetae, in addition to many robust smooth setae along the margin to the posterior bulge then a row of about 12 setae along the margin to the articulation; anterior edge with one strong macrochaeta about ⅔ along the margin and at least three pectinate macrochaetae over the articulation. Tibia of PI with three stout, carrot-shaped, pectinate macrochaetae along the posterior margin as well as several longer, thinner, pectinate or smooth setae and a row of shorter stout setae near the distal margin; anterior margin with two pectinate macrochaetae as well several subdistal setae over the articulation, dorsal surface with a subdistal row of setae; apex of tibia with the usual apical spur which is covered in numerous setae. Tarsi with four articles, the basal article of PI about half the total length of the tarsus, its join with the next article not particularly oblique, whereas the distal margin of the second article is more oblique, the surface of all tarsal articles with very numerous simple setae. Pretarsus with two long curved lateral claws and a shorter curved medial claw. PII ( +Fig. 143 +) and PIII ( +Fig. 145 +) similar to PI except the macrochaetae laterally on the coxae are much reduced in the anterior half; the tibia of PIII appears to have more pectinate carrot-shaped macrochaetae than the other legs, tibia of PIII with a long trichobothria-like seta about ¼ the distance along the outer margin: legs progressively longer from PI to PIII and the relative length of the basal tarsal article is progressively longer, being about 60% of the total length of the tarsus of PIII. + + + +Figures 152–156 +. + +Acrotelsella tanni + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ unless otherwise indicated by specimen number ( +152 +) left coxites VIII and IX with ovipositor; ( +153 +) apex of gonapophyses; ( +154 +) base of cerci and medial filament; ( +155 +) cercus, most distal surviving divisions; ( +156 +) urosternite VIII, coxites IX and penis of male (K.377777). Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Abdomen +: Urotergite I with 1+1 lateral combs of 4–7 macrochaetae each associated with a cilium at each end and several setulae between the comb and the margin, usually but not always more numerous than the macrochaetae, urotergites II–VII with 3+3 combs of 4–13 macrochaetae as in +Table 7 +( +Fig. 148 +), the smallest mounted specimen having the least, urotergite VIII with 2+2 combs (lacking the sublateral), urotergite IX glabrous, rarely with a small marginal seta in the infralateral position (e.g., K.377780); all combs with a cilium at each end and usually but not always more setulae than macrochaetae between the comb and the margin. — Urotergite X ( +Fig. 149 +) acutely triangular (40° in females, 50–58° in males), slightly wider at base than long (L/ +W 0.61 +–0.87) with many smooth setae along entire margin both above and 4–5 combs on each side, the combs composed of 1–7 macrochaetae per comb usually with a cilium at the mediad end of each comb, as well as several setulae posterior to each comb. + + +Urosternite I and II glabrous, urosternites III–VII with 1+1 lateral combs of 9–18 pectinate macrochaetae ( +Figs 150, 151 +) each with a similar number of setulae between the comb and the margin as well as a cilium at the lateral end of every comb; the smallest mounted specimen always at the lower end of the range. The distance between the lateral combs 2.7–8.4 times the average width of these combs, the ratio being largest on urosternite III and decreasing posteriorly; the ratios are largest on smaller specimens because the number of setae in the combs is less than in mature specimens. + + + +Table 7 +. Number of macrochaetae per bristle comb — + +Acrotelsella tanni + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
segmenturotergiteurosternite
lateralsublateralsubmedial
I4–7———
II4–83–74–8—
III5–103–73–85–15
IV5–123–73–96–18
V5–133–73–97–18
VI5–133–63–97–17
VII5–133–73–96–18
VIII5–13—4–95–16
IX————
+ + +Genital region of +♀ +as in +Figure 152 +. Two pairs of styli, those on IX about one third longer than those on VIII, with some robust setae apically, stylus lost or deformed in +holotype +. Coxites VIII with long combs of 5–16 macrochaetae (deformed on right side of +holotype +with only six insertions) and a similar number of setulae between the comb and the margin, the coxites with rounded inner corners. Coxites IX with long rounded internal process, about 3.9–4.8 times longer than wide at its base and 8.3–11.9 times longer than the short pointed external process, the inner processes just surpassing the apex of styli IX including macrochaetae, reaching to about the end of the ovipositor; outer process with several strong setae externally, inner process with strong smooth macrochaetae along the margins, being very dense on the outer margin where many scales also exist. — Ovipositor ( +Figs 152, 153 +) not very long (1.45–1.60 HW), reaching to the apex of the long internal processes of coxites IX, both pairs of gonapophyses consisting of long basal division followed by smaller divisions that do not differ greatly in their length along the ovipositor, 19–21 divisions in total; of primary type with rows of fine setae on each article. + + +Cerci ( +Figs 154, 155 +) first division almost glabrous, with just a couple of minute setae near the lateral margin; following four basal divisions about as long as wide with three or four rings of setae, macrochaetae and trichobothria, the middle and also most basal ring with some small scales; divisions then progressively longer with four annuli per division each with one or two rings of setae and macrochaetae, trichobothria absent from the two rings of the most distal annuli and very small in the basal annulus; scales present up until the 13th division, at least on some specimens, in the penultimate ring of each division; most distal surviving division with about eight ill-defined annuli with a total of 12 rings of chaetotaxy, the most basal with two very small trichobothria, the sixth and seventh with long trichobothria, larger pectinate macrochaetae restricted to the most distal ring. — Median dorsal appendage ( +Fig. 154 +) first division glabrous; second division very short with only a couple of small setae laterally on each side; following three divisions with 2–3 rings of setae and trichobothria, scales present on basal and middle rings, scales present some basal divisions. Epiproct and paraprocts very darkly sclerotized. + + +Urosternite VIII in +♂ +entire ( +Fig. 156 +) with 1+1 combs of 13–14 macrochaetae as well as 2–5 thin marginal setae and several setulae. Coxites IX in +♂ +separated each side with a long macrochaeta (about ⅔ the length of the internal process) mediad to the base of the stylus. The internal process very acute apically about 3.1–4.0 times longer than the external process and 1.2–1.6 times as long as broad at its base. External and internal margins of internal process and external margin of outer process with many moderately strong setae and macrochaetae. Outer process small triangular with several stout pectinate setae along the outer margin. Penis typical with numerous glandular setae apically, each set on a protuberance. Parameres absent. + + +Habitat +. This species was mostly collected by spraying the bark of trees, usually the bottom +1.5 m +. At Jerilderie, the species was collected from leaf litter. + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named for the collector John Tann, formerly of the Australian Museum. + + + + +Remarks + + +The molecular data places this species close to + +A. thommoi + +sp. nov. +and + +A. parlevar + +. It is easily distinguished from both of these by the presence of five papillae on the ultimate article of the labial palp versus three in the other two species. Due to the poor descriptions of other species such as + +A. silvestri +Womersley + +from Kangaroo Island and + +A. sinensis +Silvestri + +from +China +, which also have five papillae and simple ovipositors, it is difficult to make conclusive comments. + +Acrotelsella silvestri + +appears to have more combs of fewer macrochaetae on the metathoracic sternum (2+3 of 3–6 versus 1+2 of 6–14 macrochaetae) and + +A sinensis + +appears to have fewer lateral combs on the nota (6–8 versus 8–11) however these species need to be redescribed in more detail to complete the character set used here and to understand the intraspecific variability. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B5701DFFCFFC13B1BB5E5589B5.xml b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B5701DFFCFFC13B1BB5E5589B5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6f2ac3b1571 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B5701DFFCFFC13B1BB5E5589B5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,705 @@ + + + +On some Silverfish Taxa from the Mildura Region (Inland South-eastern Australia) (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Ctenolepismatinae) + + + +Author + +Smith, Graeme B. + + + +Author + +Mitchell, Andrew + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +151 +199 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 +2201-4349 + + + + + + + +Acrotelsella parlevar +Smith, 2016 + + + + + + + + +Acrotelsella parlevar +Smith, 2016: 66 + + + +Figs 157–159 + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +♀ +( +HW 1.55 +) +TASMANIA +: +Travellers Rest +, near +Launceston +41.49103°S +147.07778°E +, + +17–23.iv.2015 + +, +W. & L. Clarkson +, +pitfall trap +, dry sclerophyll forest, AMS K.261103 & K.261104 (on two slides); +1♀ +( +HW 1.24 +) +NEW SOUTH WALES +: ca +15km +south of +Balranald +34.76606°S +143.53946°E + +71m +asl + +, + +23.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, mallee leaf litter, AMS K.541625 (on two slides); +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +not recorded) same data as previous, AMS K.261322 (on two slides); +1♂ +( +HW 1.15 +) same data as previous,AMS K.261323 (on two slides); +1♂ +( +HW 1.19 +) same data as previous, AMS K.541626 (on two slides); +1 juvenile +( +HW +0.70) same data as previous, AMS K.377959 (in alcohol); +1♂ +( +HW 1.10 +) ca +135km +west of +Cobar +31.51686°S +144.48158°E + +95m +asl + +, + +21.v.2012 + +, Graeme Smith, wind blown leaf litter on red soil, AMS K.541639 (on two slides); +2♂ +, +1♀ +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +, 1.13, 1.10, 1.18, 0,88 respectively) same data as previous, AMS K.377972 (in alcohol); +1♀ +( +HW 1.30 +) east of +Cobar +31.52264°S +146.07185°E + +264m +asl + +, + +22.v.2012 + +, Graeme Smith, wind blown leaf litter on red soil, mostly +Eucalyptus, AMS K. +541629 (on two slides); +2♀♀ +4♂♂ +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +not recorded), same data as previous, AMS K.377962 (in alcohol); +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +0.68) +Nangar N.P. +near campground +33.41933°S +148.49969°E + +470m +asl + +, + +7.vii.2016 + +, Graeme Smith, bark spray to cypress pine, AMS K.377961 (in alcohol); +1 juvenile +♂ +( +HW +0.88) +VICTORIA +: +Hattah-Kulkyne N.P. +dune near +Lake Mournpell +campsite +34.70198°S +142.33780°E + +57m +asl + +, + +24.ix.2013 + +, Graeme Smith, leaf litter on sand under small bush (small leaves—wattle? Hakea?) with + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +, AMS K.377960 (in alcohol); +1♀ +( +HW 1.25 +) VIC: Sturt Highway, rest stop near +South Australia +border +34.27503°S +140.96759°E + +37m +asl + +, + +7.v.2012 + +, Graeme Smith, leaf litter mallee scrub, AMS K.541627 (on two slides); +1♂ +( +HW 1.15 +) same data as previous, AMS K.377969 (in alcohol); +1♂ +( +HW 1.25 +) same data as previous, AMS K.377970 (in alcohol); +1♂ +( +HW 1.11 +) same data as previous,AMS K.377971 (in alcohol); +1♂ +( +HW +estimated 1.15) +Murray-Sunset N.P. Pioneer +track +35.03489°S +141.73909°E + +59m +asl + +, + +26.ix.2013 + +, Graeme Smith, under dead spinifex in +mallee,AMS K. +541628 (on two slides); +1♂ +( +HW 1.13 +) +Murray-Sunset N.P. Pioneer +track +35.03444°S +141.73926°E + +52m +asl + +, + +26.ix.2013 + +, Graeme Smith, + +Eucalyptus + +leaf litter on top of ridge (collected with + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +), AMS K.541631 (on two slides); +1♀ +( +HW 1.13 +) VIC: ca +1km +south of +Walpeup +35.14308°S +142.03095°E + +84m +asl + +, + +26.ix.2013 + +, Graeme Smith, shallow litter, + +Acacia + +?, +NMV +gbs004056 (on two slides); +1♂ +( +HW 1.11 +) +Wyperfeld N.P. +, +Desert +track car park +35.60408°S +141.99718°E + +78m +asl + +, + +28.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, leaf litter under pea or + +Acacia + +bush?, +NMV +gbs004063 (on two slides). + + + + +Figure 157 +. Known distribution of + +Acrotelsella parlevar + +and a closely related taxon. + + + + +Other material whose relationship with + +A. parlevar + +requires further investigation + +. + +1♂ +( +HW 1.38 +) +WESTERN AUSTRALIA +: +North West Cape +, near +Wabiri +, inland side of road +21.834°S +114.079°E + +10m +asl + +, + +28.ix.2008 + +, Graeme Smith, under or within cracks of limestone rocks on red soil, +WAM +E113405 +(in alcohol) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.15 +) same data as previous, +WAM +E113406 +(on two slides) + +. + + +Supplementary description and description of male + + +Description as in Smith, 2016 with the following changes/ additions and changes to measurement range based on ten dissected sexually mature specimens from nine mainland localities. The larger size of the Tasmanian specimen may account for the larger number of macrochaetae reported in combs. All additional specimens were considerably smaller than the Tasmanian +holotype +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. This species can easily be distinguished from other described + +Acrotelsella + +by the presence of only three papillae on the last article of the labial palp, the shape of the thoracic sterna and the arrangement of the sternal combs in over-lapping irregular rows and the simple ovipositor of the female. + + +Appearance +: Scale pattern when live as in figure 158 with thin band of white scales along of the nota, dorsal surface including head with mottled grey scales, dorsal surface of legs light in colour. Antennae evenly light brown terminal filaments with inconspicuous darker and lighter annulations. + + +Body length +: terminal filaments all broken but some at least 0.6 H+B. + + +Scales +: Scales also confirmed to be present on third article of maxillary palp, found on top of head, on scape but not pedicel, present on terminal filaments. + + +Head +: The small gap in the row of macrochaetae along the margin above the antennal bases is not always present; the distal annuli arranged in chains of 12 not six annuli, bearing rod-like basiconic sensilla +type +B and possibly +type +C. — Maxillary palp very long and thin, apical article 4–6 times longer than wide and about the same length as the penultimate article, apical article of labial palp expanded somewhat medially, the length to width ratio quite variable (0.8–1.7) however this may reflect the difficulties of measurement of material in alcohol; once slide mounted the shape of the ultimate article seems much more consistent. + + + +Figure 158 +. + +Acrotelsella parlevar + +sp. nov. +Walpeup + + + +Thorax +: The described “very slight gap in the setal collar” is not consistently present, the chaetotaxy is weak in the medial region but a distinct gap was not usually present, the macrochaetae of the collar are pectinate and can be quite long; lateral margins with short, tapered and slightly pectinate setae along the margin (all lost except one which is short and slightly pectinate), these marginal setae almost absent from the anterior part of the margin, becoming more frequent posteriorly, with 7–8 combs of 1–3 macrochaetae along each margin. Two open trichobothrial areas; the posterior trichobothrial area is located about 0.70–0.77 along the margin and is associated with the last comb (N), this comb composed of 2–3 macrochaetae with the short trichobothrium at the mediad end and a cilium at the laterad end, the anterior trichobothrial area is located 0.33–0.41 and associated with comb N-3 (except in K.261323 here the N-1 comb appears to be missing from both sides), the comb composed of only a single macrochaeta with the trichobothrium between the macrochaeta and the margin and a cilium at the mediad side of the macrochaeta (in +one specimen +(K.541627) a second macrochaeta is present on both anterior trichobothrial areas (left and right sides) and on another (K.261323) a second macrochaeta is present only on one side); all combs associated with a few setulae. Posterior margin with 1+1 combs of eight macrochaetae in the Tasmanian specimen but only 4–7 insertion points on the mainland material, the outermost insertion point is almost certainly a long, thin trichobothrium-like seta (definitely present in NMV gbs004063); the gap between the posterior combs 44–52% the maximum width of the pronotum. — Mesonotum with trichobothrial areas located 0.49–0.62 and 0.78–0.87 along the margins with 8–11 combs of 2–4 macrochaetae, the metanotum with trichobothrial areas located 0.63–0.74 and 0.82–0.87 along the margins with 8–10 combs of 2–4 macrochaetae, in +one specimen +(K.541625) a third trichobothrium is present on one side. + + +Prothoracic sternum 0.91–1.08 times as long as wide at its base, somewhat pointed apically rather than round, antero-lateral corners with fields of 20–40 small simple setae, posterior three quarters of lateral margins with fringe of setae and some cilia as well as 4–8 eight small groups of 1–13 macrochaetae almost always arranged in 2–3 irregular overlapping rows. — Mesosternum a little larger than prosternum and slightly less acute apically (L/ +W 0.91 +–1.09) with (2–4)+(2–4) groups or combs distally of 1–16 pectinate macrochaetae in overlapping irregular rows. — Metasternum wider and shorter (L/ +W 0.76 +–0.91) with 1+1 (rarely 1+2) groups of 2–19 pectinate macrochaetae arranged in 2–4 overlapping rows plus 1+1 single submarginal macrochaetae more distally. + + + +Table 8 +. Number of macrochaetae per bristle comb —mature +Acrotelsella parlevar +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
segmenturotergiteurosternite
lateralsublateralsubmedial
I6–9———
II5–94–76–10—
III7–104–75–1011–18
IV7–115–86–1112–21
V8–115–86–1111–20
VI9–134–77–1012–21
VII8–134–86–1113–20
VIII9–13—7–1111–18
IX————
+ +Tibia L/W ratio of legs PI 2.3–3.1, PII 2.9–3.2, PIII 3.4–4.4; tarsi L/W ratio PI 5.9–8.0, PII 6.2–10.1, PIII 8.1–11.7. + +Abdomen +: Urotergite X acutely triangular (47–53° in females, 54–60° in males), wider at base than long (L/ +W 0.63 +–0.85) with (4–5)+(4–5) combs of 1–7 macrochaetae per comb; the number of macrochaetae per comb as in +Table 8 +. + +Urosternites III–VII with 1+1 lateral combs of 11–21 pectinate macrochaetae; the distance between the lateral combs 2.4–5.8 times the average width of these combs, the ratio being largest on urosternite III and decreasing posteriorly. +Coxites VIII with almost right-angled inner angle (86–106°) with curve occupying ⅓–½ of posterior margin. Coxite IX with long rounded internal process about 2.4–4.2 times longer than wide at its base and almost 4.5–8.9 times longer than the short pointed external process; with a long subtly pectinate macrochaeta mediad to the base of each stylus. — Ovipositor not very long (1.7–1.9 HW), about 16–20 articles in total. + + +Figure 159 +. + +Acrotelsella parlevar +Smith + +♂ (K.541626) ( +159 +) urosternite VIII, coxites IX and penis. Scale bar = + + + +0.1 mm +. + + +Male. +Similar to female except coxites VIII entire ( +Fig. 159 +) with 1+1 combs of macrochaetae. Coxites IX in +♂ +separated each side with a long subtly pectinate macrochaeta mediad to the base of each stylus, reaching almost to the apex of the internal process). External and internal margins of internal process with some moderately strong setae macrochaetae; ventral surface of process with many long thin setae inserted parallel to the external margin. In half of the slide mounted specimens examined (K.261323, K.541626 and K.541631 all of which were males) one or two short transverse combs of 1–3 pectinate macrochaetae are present ( +Fig. 159 +) but absent from the remainder including all females. Outer process small triangular with several stout pectinate setae along the outer margin. Penis typical with numerous glandular setae apically, each set on a protuberance. Parameres absent. + + +Habitat +. This species is found in dry leaf litter, often that accumulating under bushes. + + + + +Remarks + + +This species is most closely related to + +A. thommoi + +sp. nov. +and + +A. tanni + +sp. nov. +It can easily be distinguished from either of these species by the combs on the thoracic sterna. The macrochaetae in these combs on + +A. parlevar + +are generally irregularly arranged, almost looking like narrow bushes of macrochaetae in extreme examples whereas these combs on the other two species are arranged in lines, sometimes a little curved and sometimes with one or two macrochaetae off-set a little from the line but never in highly irregular groups. + +Acrotelsella parlevar + +can further be distinguished from + +A tanni + +sp. nov. +which has five papillae on the ultimate article of the labial palp (versus three in the other two species) and from + +A. thommoi + +sp. nov. +which has more distinct regions of pigment (versus overall lightly pigmented in + +A. parlevar + +) and by the number of macrochaetae associated with the anterior trichobothrial area on the metanotum (always two macrochaetae in + +A. parlevar + +and + +A. tanni + +sp. nov. +but usually only one macrochaeta in + +A. thommoi + +(one example was seen with two macrochaetae but only on one side). Females of + +A. parlevar + +also have less round posterior margin on coxites VIII and fewer divisions in the ovipositor (15–20 versus 25–29). + + +Other species known to have only three papillae on the labial palp include + +Acrotelsella giubana + +from +Somalia +and + +Acrotelsella suqutrensis + +from +Yemen +which differ from the Australian species in many ways such as the chaetotaxy of the frons and the combs or shape of the thoracic sterna. + + +The range of this species is now known to extend over +1000 km +north of its +type +locality in +Tasmania +and it seems to be fairly common within the drier parts of NSW and +Victoria +(see map, figure157). We also have specimens from North-West Cape in +Western Australia +that may belong to this species or else are very close to it. We did not obtain good sequence data (50% COI) but this data places the specimens with + +A. parlevar + +. Morphologically they also fit well with + +A. parlevar + +, having the same irregular combs on the thoracic sterna and three labial palp papillae but differ slightly in that the posterior corner of urotergite X is somewhat rounded where it is very pointed in all other specimens examined and there is a single comb on just one side of urosternite II, the latter character probably being anomalous. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57027FFFDFC10B5D25F6789F3.xml b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57027FFFDFC10B5D25F6789F3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2a21127a7e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57027FFFDFC10B5D25F6789F3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,990 @@ + + + +On some Silverfish Taxa from the Mildura Region (Inland South-eastern Australia) (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Ctenolepismatinae) + + + +Author + +Smith, Graeme B. + + + +Author + +Mitchell, Andrew + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +151 +199 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 +2201-4349 + + + + + + + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +sp. nov. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: +63665A69-2C2D-4CA5-8D42-12135EF442FD + + + + + +Figs 67–97 + + + + + + +Holotype + +♀ +( +HW 1.40 +) +NEW SOUTH WALES +: rest area about +15km +west of +Balranald +34.62276°S +143.40124°E + +58m +asl + +, + +9.vii.2016 + +, Graeme Smith, bark spray,AMS K.541640 (on two slides) + +. + + +Paratypes + +1♀ +( +HW 1.31 +) same data as holotype,AMS K.541641 (on two slides) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.38 +) same data as holotype, AMS K.261337 (on two slides) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.25 +) same data as holotype, AMS K.261338 (on two slides) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.20 +) same data as holotype, AMS K.541642 (on two slides) + +; + +3♀♀ +1 juvenile +♀ +4 juveniles +( +HW +not recorded), same data as holotype, AMS K.377979 (in alcohol) + +. + + + +Other material +not included in +type +series + +. + +1♀ +( +HW 1.35 +) +NEW SOUTH WALES +: +Mungo National Park +, +Garnpang House +33.490°S +143.101°E +, + +31.viii.2017 + +, +John Tann +, bark spray, AMS K.377783 (on two slides) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.28 +) +Mungo National Park +33.355°S +143.139°E +, + +31.viii.2017 + +, +John Tann +, bark spray, AMS K.377786 (on two slides) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.15 +) same data as previous, AMS K.377787 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.10 +) +Mungo National Park +SS2 +33.6541°S +143.197°E +, + +28.viii.2017 + +, +John Tann +, bark spray, AMS K.377791 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.18 +) ca +15km +south of +Balranald +34.76588°S +143.53964°E + +72m +asl + +, + +23.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to flaky bark mallee, K.377984 (in alcohol) + +; + +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +not recorded), same data as previous K.261261 (on two slides) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.25 +) +QUEENSLAND +: ca +2km +east of +Old Cork Homestead +, +22.92163°S +141.91291°E + +142m +asl + +, + +10.viii.2013 + +, +Graeme +& +Louise Smith +, bark spray to rough bark tree, AMS K.377981 (in alcohol) + +; + +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +0.90), same data as previous, AMS K.261297 (on two slides) + +; + +2 juveniles +( +HW +not recorded), same data as previous, AMS K.377982 (in alcohol) + +; + +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +0.83) +1km +east of +Tambo +24.87411°S +146.25423°E + +395m +asl + +, + +13.viii.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to gidgee, AMS K.261326 (on slide) + +; + +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +0.95) + + +2 juveniles +( +HW +not recorded), same data as previous, AMS K.377983 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.33 +) +SOUTH AUSTRALIA +: +Arkaroola +, near spring track +30.28783°S +139.34311°E + +300m +asl + +, + +16.v.2012 + +, +Graeme Smith +, under bark of paper bark, AMS K.377980 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.13 +) +VICTORIA +: +Hattah-Kulkyne N.P. +gate in kangaroo fence +34.68028°S +142.34957°E + +57m +asl + +, + +24.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to mallee/ +Eucalypt +,AMS K.377985 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.13 +) same data as previous + +; +NMV +gbs004034 (in alcohol); + +1♀ +( +HW 1.35 +) +Hattah +34.75319°S +142.26925°E + +46m +asl + +, + +25.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to +Eucalypt +,AMS K.377986 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.15 +) same data as previous, AMS K.261278 (on slide) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.13 +) +Walpeup +35.14048°S +142.01538°E + +110m +asl + +, + +25.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to rough bark +mallee, NMV +gbs004044 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.25 +) +Murray-Sunset N.P. +start of +Mt Crosby +track +35.03393°S +141.75685°E + +47m +asl + +, + +26.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to woollybutt +mallee, AMS K. +377987 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.10 +) +Wyperfeld N.P.Casuarina +campground +35.44543°S +141.99451°E + +63m +asl + +, + +27.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to +Casuarina +, AMS K.377988 (in alcohol) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. This species can easily be distinguished in the field from other described + +Acrotelsella + +by the ring of golden coloured scales on the frons ( +Fig. 68 +). Preserved specimens are distinguished by the trapezoidal shape of the thoracic sterna with the combs restricted to the posterior half of the prosternum and the presence of only 1+1 combs on the mesosternum, by the presence of only three papillae on the last article of the labial palp, the elongate processes of coxites IX of the female, the curved shape of the medial posterior margin of coxites VIII in the female, the presence of a trichobothrium in the most laterad insertion socket of the posterior combs of the nota and from + +Acrotelsella escherichi + +by the primary +type +ovipositor (versus secondary). + + + + +Description + + +Appearance +: Medium to large silverfish, with narrow body, thorax not much wider than the abdomen which only tapers slightly posteriorly ( +Fig. 68 +). Scale pattern when live overall dark grey or mottled when scales are lost, conspicuous circle of golden scales on frons in specimens with little wear and tear and a light margin to urotergite X, legs dark above, antennae distinctly banded especially in basal half, terminal filaments overall dark brown with small lighter regions at the distal end of each division. In alcohol mottled brown. + + + +Figure 67 +. Known distribution of + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +sp. nov. + + + +Body length +: H+B up to +10.4 mm +( +♀ +), HW up to +1.40 mm +; thorax: length +2.8 mm +or 0.26–0.32 H+B; width +2.2 mm +with the pro- and meso-nota being slightly narrower and shorter than the mesonotum; antennae incomplete, maximum preserved length +5.8 mm +or>0.6 H+B; terminal filaments all broken, maximum length of cercus +6.8 mm +or>0.7 H+B; median dorsal appendage maximum length +7.9 mm +(>0.8 H+B). + + +Pigmentation +: Antennae distinctly banded, orange-brown pigment in distal half of each interval, annulations becoming less distinct distally as the lighter regions become progressively darker; pigment absent from pedicel and scape. Frons without pigment, even around the eyes, clypeus and frons with strong brown pigment among and below the sublateral groups of macrochaetae, mandibles and maxillae with strong pigment among bushes of macrochaetae, maxillary palp with moderate dark pigment on apical article except lighter at base, penultimate article dark in the distal ½–¾, 2nd and 3rd articles with medium pigment along sides; labial palp ultimate article with light to strong pigment around the margins, penultimate article with light to strong pigment on sides, strongest distally, 2nd article with dark patch of pigment on inner apical corner and sometimes a little around the whole distal region. Nota and thoracic sterna without obvious pigment. Precoxa of legs sometimes with blotchy brown pigment but sometimes without, coxae with some pigment in the antero-lateral “shoulders” weakly extending along outer margin but sometimes very faint of absent. Trochanter with patch of dark pigment along outer margin especially distally. Femora with dark patch over posterior bulge and distally on outer margin. Tibia with dark pigment distally on outer half. Tarsi with some blotchy pigment on all articles the basal article with quite dark patch.Abdominal segments without obvious pigment except for light pigment over urotergite X except along its margins. Styli with light orange-brown pigment. Ovipositor largely without pigment except for a light scattering of pigment distally. Cerci and median filament distinctly banded in K.377783 with only the basal and distal annuli of each division lacking pigment, K.377786 and +holotype +almost completely dark except for lighter pigment around distal macrochaetae of each division. + + +Macrochaetae +: Variable, pectinate but not strongly so, some smooth ( +Figs 69–71 +), hyaline to dark brown. + + +Scales +: With numerous sub-parallel ribs that do not surpass the margin of the scale ( +Fig. 72 +), those dorsal are brown, those ventral hyaline. Scales found on top of head, on scape, on second and third articles of maxillary palp, all nota, all thoracic sterna, legs (except for trochanter and distal three articles of tarsi), all urotergites and urosternites, styli IX, medial filament and cerci. + + +Head +: ( +Fig. 73 +) wider than long, with 1+1 moderately dense bushes of macrochaetae aligned in subparallel rows on the antero-lateral corners. Eyes dark brown in alcohol preserved material. There is a small gap in the row of macrochaetae along the margin above the antennal bases after which there is another bush of pectinate macrochaetae, three or four macrochaetae wide extending along the sides and above the eye; the peri-antennal group is small, of only five to six sockets, but more or less isolated by a small gap from the marginal chaetotaxy. Clypeus with 1+1 very dense bushes of strongly pectinate macrochaetae as well as a few curved setae. Labrum also with 1+1 distinct but less dense bushes of pectinate macrochaetae as well as two or three longer thin setae between the groups. — Antennae fairly long, scape ( +Fig. 74 +) quite long with scales over surface laterally and a preapical ring of numerous setae; pedicel with preapical ring of simple setae and cilia as well as setae scattered over face; all subsequent annuli of flagellum similar with single ring of simple setae, cilia and trichobothria; obvious subdivision into annuli and intervals is very difficult to interpret in all dissected specimens. Distal intervals insufficiently preserved. — Mandibles ( +Fig. 75 +) typical for + +Acrotelsella + +with well-developed molar and incisor areas; a group of about ten stout apically bifurcated but simple setae distally adjacent to the pectinate molar area and a bush of about 90 pectinate macrochaetae externally. — Maxilla ( +Fig. 76 +) with two thick minutely apically bifurcated and faintly pectinate macrochaetae externally proximal to the palp, the lacinia with three strong teeth, one set further back than the other two, followed by several lamellate processes and a row of ten thin simple setae, those nearest the lamellate processes only slightly smaller than the others, galea slightly longer than lacinia with about six strong, smooth, simple or apically bifurcate setae externally in its basal half and several cilia distally; maxillary palp not very long and thin, apical article ( +Fig. 77 +) four times longer than wide (range 3.9–4.6) and 1.3 times as long as the penultimate article (range 1.0–1.5), and 0.9 times as long as the third and longest article, the ultimate article possibly with a very small sausage-shaped sensilla subapically (thin-walled basiconic sensillum +type +C), basal article with a field of strong setae, second and third articles with subapical ring of slightly stronger setae subdistally, penultimate article with one stronger seta. — Labium ( +Fig. 78 +) short and broad, postmentum with transverse row of apically bifurcate setae, prementum with transverse and oblique rows of short strong mostly apically bifurcated setae, apically with long curved cilia and setulae; labial palp short, apical article expanded subrectangular, a little shorter than long (0.82–1.06) with row of only three papillae of compact +type +arranged in a single row near the outer margin, no other sensilla seen, covered with numerous fine setae as well as longer fine setae. + + +Thorax +: Pronotum ( +Fig. 79 +) with setal collar about one to three pectinate macrochaetae wide, without gap medially; lateral margins with strong, only vaguely pectinate setae along the margin, with eight combs of one to three pectinate macrochaetae along each margin. Two open trichobothrial areas; the anterior trichobothrial area ( +Fig. 80 +) located 0.34–0.42 along the margin associated with comb N-3, the comb composed of only a single macrochaeta with the trichobothrium between the macrochaeta and the margin and a cilium at the mediad side of the macrochaeta; the posterior trichobothrial area ( +Fig. 81 +) is located 0.77 of the distance along the margin (range 0.75–0.81) and is associated with the last comb (N), this comb composed of just a single macrochaeta with the trichobothrium at the mediad end and a cilium at the laterad end; all combs associated with a few setulae. Posterior margin of all nota with 1+1 combs of 3–5 macrochaetae and a long trichobothrium-like hair in the insertion at the lateral end and contiguous with the comb of macrochaetae, with a cilium at each end of the comb and a few setae between the comb and the margin ( +Fig. 82 +). Gap between the posterior combs 50–55% of the width of the pronotum. — Mesonotum ( +Fig. 83 +) with lateral chaetotaxy similar to pronotum with 9–10 combs of 1–3 macrochaetae each associated with a few setulae and a cilium, the anterior trichobothrial area located 0.65 along the lateral margin associated with comb N-2 composed of a single macrochaeta with the trichobothrium located between the macrochaeta and the margin. Posterior trichobothrial area located 0.87 along the margin, the trichobothrium located mediad to the comb of a single macrochaeta. — Metanotum ( +Fig. 84 +) similar to mesonotum with 8–10 combs of 1–3 macrochaetae, the anterior trichobothrial area is located 0.76 the distance along the margin associated with comb N-1 (rarely N-2) which has just a single macrochaeta, the posterior trichobothrial area associated with the most posterior comb 0.88 along the margin. + + + +Figure 68 +. + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +sp. nov. +, Balranald, NSW. + + + +Presternum with transverse row of setae ( +Fig. 85 +). — Prothoracic sternum ( +Fig. 85 +) large, reaching to about ⅔ the length of the coxa, 0.93 times as long as wide at its base (range 0.87–1.02), trapezoidal with concave posterior margin, antero-lateral corners with about 12 simple but robust marginal setae, posterior ⅓ to ½ of lateral margins with marginal setae, posterior margin glabrous; each side with 3–4 short combs of 1–5 pectinate macrochaetae not much longer than the marginal setae. — Mesosternum ( +Fig. 86 +) a little larger than prosternum (1.2 times as long), 0.93 times as long as wide at its base (range 0.84–0.94), with a few fine setae in the anterolateral corners and long, thin simple marginal setae only in the postero-lateral corners near the 1+1, 1+2 or 2+2 combs close together, whose 1–6 pectinate macrochaetae are generally shorter than the smooth marginal setae. — Metasternum ( +Fig. 87 +) of similar length and shape to prosternum but much wider (about 1.3 times wider than long (L/W range 0.71–0.79) with 0–1 strong setae in anterior corners and long marginal setae adjacent to 1+1 combs only, these setae can be longer than the macrochaetae of the combs, combs of 2–5 pectinate macrochaetae. + + + +Figures 69–78 +. + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +69 +) long pectinate macrochaeta of side of head; ( +70 +) finely pectinate macrochaeta of anal region; ( +71 +) pectinate macrochaeta of cerci; ( +72 +) darker dorsal scale; ( +73 +) head (cross-hatched area obscured by eye pigment); ( +74 +) antenna, scape, pedicel and basal intervals of flagellum; ( +75 +) mandible; ( +76 +) maxilla and part of palp; ( +77 +) maxillary palp, arrow showing location of basiconic sensillum; ( +78 +) labium (left side of submentum damaged, right palp missing). Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Legs strong, tibia L/W ratio of legs PI 2.6 (range 2.4–2.9), PII 3.0 (range 2.9–3.1), PIII 4.0 (range 3.6–4.2); tarsi L/W ratio PI 5.7 (range 4.8–6.6), PII 7.2 (range 6.5–7.9), PIII 8.5 (range 7.7–10.1). PI ( +Fig. 85 +) with a row of six macrochaetae laterally on the margin of the precoxa. Coxa with scales and a group of about seven macrochaetae on the anterolateral corners followed by a field of strong pectinate macrochaetae along the external margin about 2–3 macrochaetae wide; inner margin with a four or five long lightly pectinate macrochaetae and about ten setae of varying thickness distally over the articulation and along the distal margin. Trochanter with a few long setae. Femur posteriorly with about five long but not thick, pectinate macrochaetae, in addition to simple setae along the margin and just a single macrochaeta on the dorsal or anterior margin. Tibia of PI quite short with just two carrot-shaped, slightly pectinate macrochaetae along the posterior margin (one near each end of the margin) as well as several longer, thinner, pectinate or smooth setae and a row of shorter setae near the distal margin; anterior margin with one or two macrochaetae as well as 3–4 subdistal macrochaetae over the articulation; apex of tibia with robust apical spur which is covered in numerous setae. Tarsi with four articles, the basal article of PI about half the total length of the tarsus, its join with the next article not particularly oblique, the surface of all tarsal articles with numerous simple setae, the second article on both PI legs appearing to have a raised oval area basally (sensilla?). Pretarsus with two long curved lateral claws and a shorter curved medial claw. PII and PIII ( +Fig. 87 +) similar to PI except the antero-lateral groups of macrochaetae on the coxa reduced to a single macrochaeta on PII, with six strong macrochaetae on the internal margin of the coxa of PII; legs progressively longer from PI to PIII and the relative length of the basal tarsal article is progressively longer, being about two thirds of the total length on PIII. Tibia of PIII with long thin trichobothrium-like seta about 40% along the outer side, twice as long as tibia is wide; second article of tarsi without raised oval area. + + + +Figures 79–85 +. + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +79 +) pronotum, right half; ( +80 +) idem, left anterior trichobothrial area (with fine line delineating extent of scale coverage); ( +81 +) idem, left posterior trichobothrial area; ( +82 +) idem, left posterior comb; ( +83 +) mesonotum; ( +84 +) metanotum; ( +85 +) part of presternum, prothoracic sternum and PI (arrow indicates position of raised oval region). Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 86–87 +. + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +86 +) mesothoracic sternum and coxae of PII; ( +87 +) metathoracic sternum and PIII. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Abdomen +: Urotergite I with 1+1 lateral combs of 5–6 macrochaetae each associated with a cilium at either end and several setulae between the comb and the margin, urotergites II–VII with 3+3 combs of macrochaetae as in +Table 5 +( +Figs 88–91 +), urotergite VIII with 2+2 combs (lacking the sublateral), urotergite IX glabrous; all combs usually with a cilium at either end and a similar or slightly larger number of setulae as macrochaetae between the comb and the margin. — Urotergite X ( +Fig. 92 +) equilaterally triangular (56–68°), wider at base than long (L/ +W 0.49 +–0.64) with many pectinate setae along entire margin both above and below, and (4–5)+(4–6) combs of 1–4 macrochaetae per comb (all lost) without obvious setulae posterior to each comb, and most combs with a cilium at the mediad end. + + + +Figures 88–96 +. + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +88 +) urotergite V; ( +89 +) urotergite VII, left lateral comb; ( +90 +) idem, left sublateral comb; ( +91 +) idem, left submedial comb; ( +92 +) urotergite X; ( +93 +) urosternite V; ( +94 +) urosternite VII, left sublateral comb; ( +95 +) coxites VIII and IX with ovipositor; ( +96 +) apex of gonapophyses. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Urosternite I and II glabrous, urosternites III–VII with 1+1 sublateral combs of 5–11 pectinate macrochaetae ( +Figs 93, 94 +) each with 4–8 setae or setulae between the comb and the margin as well as a cilium at the laterad end of each comb only. The distance between the lateral combs 7.4–21.2 times the average width of these combs, the ratio being largest on urosternite III and decreasing posteriorly. + + +Genital region of +♀ +as in +Figure 95 +. Two pairs of styli. Coxites VIII with combs of 8–9 macrochaetae and a similar number of setulae between the comb and the margin, the coxites with rounded inner corners. Coxites IX with long rounded internal process, about 2.8–4.7 times longer than wide at its base and about 7–10 times longer than the short pointed external process, the inner processes reaching to the apex of the ovipositor; outer process with setulae along the inner margin and several strong finely pectinate setae externally, inner process with numerous long finely pectinate macrochaetae along the outer margins as well as many scales, inner margin of process with setae insertions and many small setae basally. — Ovipositor ( +Figs 95, 96 +) not very long, (1.9 HW range 1.7–2.2), only just surpassing the apex of the long internal processes of coxites IX, about 25–30 divisions in total; of primary +type +with long and fine short setae only. + + + +Table 5 +. Number of macrochaetae per bristle comb — + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Segmenturotergiteurosternite
lateralsublateralsubmedial
I5–6———
II5–643–5—
III5–74–54–50–6
IV6–94–54–56–8
V7–94–54–56–8
VI8–94–54–66–9
VII7–104–54–67–11
VIII8–10—4–68–9
IX———8–9
+ + + +Figure 97 +. + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +97 +) base of cerci and medial filament. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Cerci ( +Fig. 97 +) first division with two partial rings of small setae, following two basal divisions shorter than wide with a single ring of small setae, cilia and several trichobothria, division four with two rings, the most basal of probably of scales only, the more distal of trichobothria, stronger setae, cilia and small macrochaetae; divisions five and six with three rings, the most basal of scales and trichobothria, the middle with scales only and the most distal as on the previous division; division seven with four rings, the most basal and third rings of scales with perhaps some trichobothria, the second of setae, trichobothria and cilia but smaller than those of the most distal ring; division eight with six rings with the basal, third, fourth and fifth of scales and perhaps some trichobothria, the second with stronger seta, trichobothria and some macrochaetae, the most distal with strong macrochaetae, cilia and setae, possibly without trichobothria. — Median dorsal appendage ( +Fig. 97 +), first division short and glabrous, following three divisions each with single ring of setae and trichobothria, fifth and sixth divisions each with two rings, the most basal of scales only, the more distal of long setae trichobothria and cilia, seventh division with three rings of which the middle ring is scales only, the basal of setae and scales, the most distal of macrochaetae, stronger setae, cilia and trichobothria. + + +Male +: Unknown. + + +Juveniles +: K.261261 juv. +♀ +of unrecorded head width. Ovipositor not developed, still with two pair of styli, inner processes not elongated (ca. 1.5 L/W), fewer combs on lateral nota, fewer macrochaetae per comb of abdomen, urotergite X not as long (L/ +W 0.40 +) and less acute (95°) but no other difference could be distinguished but the trapezoidal thoracic sterna with combs only in the posterior half of the prosternum. — K.261297 juvenile +♀ +(HW 0.90) ovipositor just starting, inner processes of coxite IX beginning to elongate (L/ +W 2.0 +). — K.261326 juvenile +♀ +(HW 0.83), ovipositor not developed, thoracic sternites with same comb arrangement but posterior margin not concave, perhaps even slightly convex but still wide. + + +Habitat +. Although a total of +34 specimens +have been collected during 15 collection events over four states, surprisingly no males have yet been collected. Specimens have been collected from bark of a variety of trees including + +Eucalyptus + +, + +Allocasuarina + +and + +Melaleuca + +(paperbark). + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named + +auricoronata + +, referring to the “crown” of golden scales on the frons. + + + + +Remarks + + +The species appears to be close to + +Acrotelsella escherichi + +from Kangaroo Island (and reportedly Central +Australia +) which also has trapezoidal thoracic sternites. It differs from Womersley’s illustrated species by the reduced number of papillae in the labial palps (three versus 11), the absence of thicker spines on the apical articles of the ovipositor, the long processes of coxites IX which surpass the apex of the styli by about half the length of the stylus, and the shape of the internal process of coxites VIII which is broadly curved in the new species but somewhat rounded acute in + +A. escherichi + +. + + +The trapezoidal shape of the thoracic sternites may however be less phylogenetically relevant if the molecular data to hand is to be believed. This data seems to separate the + +Acrotelsella +sensu lato + +species into two branches, one of which appears to have secondary +type +of ovipositor and the other with a simple primary +type +. + + + +Acrotelsella giubana + +from +Somalia +and + +A. procedens +Silvestri +sensu +Mendes, 1989 + +from +Sri Lanka +and +Thailand +, seem to be the closest species based on morphology as they both also have trapezoidal sternites and a primary +type +ovipositor. + +Acrotelsella auricoronata + +differs from + +A. giubana + +in having 25–30 divisions in the ovipositor versus 20–21, a less pointed urotergite X (56–69° versus 50°), longer posterior combs on the nota (3–5 versus 2 macrochaetae) and stronger bushes on the frons. + + + +Acrotelsella procedens + +differs from both in having five labial papillae and a much smaller gap between the urosternal combs relative to the average length of their combs. +Mendes (1989) +comments that this species is quite variable. However, given the understanding now emerging with the Australian fauna, where molecular data is available to aid in species delimitation, it is quite likely that the three described populations of + +A. procedens + +probably represent distinct but related species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B5702FFFC5FE9EB5D25E0C8DE0.xml b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B5702FFFC5FE9EB5D25E0C8DE0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..13e6c3734ca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B5702FFFC5FE9EB5D25E0C8DE0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,616 @@ + + + +On some Silverfish Taxa from the Mildura Region (Inland South-eastern Australia) (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Ctenolepismatinae) + + + +Author + +Smith, Graeme B. + + + +Author + +Mitchell, Andrew + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +151 +199 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 +2201-4349 + + + + + + + +Acrotelsella thommoi + +sp. nov. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: +7F1EA4F4-20EE-4B14-B588-6F1381D21E0F + + + + + +Figs 98–123 + + + + + + +Holotype + +♀ +( +HW 1.45 +) +NEW SOUTH WALES +: ca +55km +northwest of +Nyngan +31.14635°S +146.8123°E + +251m +asl + +, + +7.iv.2011 + +, Graeme Smith, in accumulated bark/termite dirt in fork at base of Eucalypt; also under bark at very base, AMS K.541636 (on two slides) + +. + + +Paratypes + +1♂ +( +HW 1.50 +), same data as holotype, AMS K.541637 (on two slides) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.43 +), same data as holotype, AMS K.377973) (in alcohol) + +. + + + + +Other material examined +but not included in +type +series + +. +1♂ +( +HW 1.29 +) +VICTORIA +: +Hattah-Kulkyne N.P. +34.62633°S +142.37472°E + +75m +asl + +, + +24.ix.2013 + +, Graeme Smith, top of dune in loose strips of bark caught in fork of +Eucalyptus, NMV +gbs004035 (on two slides); +1♀ +( +HW 1.25 +) +Hattah-Kulkyne N.P. +34.62636°S +142.37486°E + +71m +asl + +, + +24.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, bark spray to loose strips of bark caught in fork of + +Eucalyptus +, NMV + +gbs004036 (on two slides) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. This species can be distinguished from other described + +Acrotelsella + +with a primary +type +ovipositor and a rounded or slightly pointed subtriangular prothoracic sternum by a combination of several characters including the presence of three papillae in a straight line, by the presence of only a single macrochaeta mediad of the anterior trichobothrium on the meso- and metanota, by the quite rounded posterior margin of coxites VIII in the female (the curved region occupying ⅔–⅞ of the margin versus less than half in other Australian species but possibly about the same as in + +A. wygodzinskyi +Hazra, 1980 + +from +India +and + +A. giubana + +from +Somalia +), by the larger number of divisions in the ovipositor (25–31 versus less than +25 in +all other described species). + + + + +Description + + +Appearance +: Medium to large silverfish, with narrow body, thorax slightly wider than the abdomen which only tapers slightly posteriorly. Scale pattern when live mottled grey, with light brown macrochaetae ( +Fig. 99 +); in alcohol mottled brown. Eyes dark chestnut, thorax and abdomen dorsally fairly evenly covered in brown scales. + + +Body length +: H+B up to +11.3 mm +, HW +2.4 mm +; thorax: length +3.5 mm +or 0.29–0.35 H+B; width +2.4 mm +with the mesonotum being slightly wider than the pronotum and metanotum. Antennae when complete up to about H+B; terminal filaments maximum length seen of 0.87 H+B. + + +Pigmentation +: Flagellum of antennae without annulations, light brown pigment evenly distributed; scape and pedicel without pigment. Head with slight pigment behind the eyes, ultimate article of maxillary palp with light pigment at each end, moderate brown pigment on other four articles, mostly along the sides and above (not below); labial palp with similar moderate pigment on articles 2–3, ultimate article with pigment only along proximal margins. Nota and thoracic sterna without obvious pigment. Coxae of legs with light pigment along the outer margin. Trochanter with slight pigment in distal corner adjacent to femur. Femora with small pigment region over posterior bulge extending to the joint with the tibia as well as on the leading edge adjacent to the distal comb. Tibia dark along dorsal margin especially distally but at least some of this is due to scales. First tarsal article dark with pigment and scales, remaining articles without pigment. Abdominal segments without obvious pigment except for pigment on coxites IX adjacent to the styli. Ovipositor largely without pigment. Cerci and median filament with medium brown pigment overall, except for the distal most annulus of each division bearing the large macrochaetae which is light in colour, this lighter area can be less prominent in some individuals.Abdominal styli with light pigment. + + + +Figure 98 +. Known distribution of + +Acrotelsella thommoi + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figure 99 +. + +Acrotelsella thommoi + +sp. nov. +, Nyngan. + + + +Macrochaetae +: Variable, the major macrochaetae of the combs with strong pectinations ( +Fig. 100 +) while those of the larger slightly submarginal macrochaetae have more delicate pectinations, less numerous apically ( +Fig. 101 +) or smooth, straw coloured. + + +Scales +: Variable in shape, with numerous sub-parallel ribs that do not surpass the margin of the scale ( +Fig. 102 +), those dorsal are brown, those ventral hyaline. Scales found on top of head, on scape, on second and third articles of maxillary palp, on mentum of labium, all nota, all thoracic sterna, legs (except for trochanter and distal three articles of tarsi), all urotergites and urosternites, styli IX, medial filament and cerci. + + +Head +: ( +Fig. 103 +) wider than long, with 1+1 bushes of macrochaetae aligned in subparallel rows on the antero-lateral corners. Eyes dark brown in alcohol preserved material. There is a small gap in the row of macrochaetae along the margin above the antennal bases behind which is another row of macrochaetae two macrochaetae wide which extends to and above the eyes; the peri-antennal group is almost connected with the lateral rows. Clypeus with 1+1 very dense bushes of strongly pectinate macrochaetae as well as a few setae laterally. Labrum also with 1+1 dense bushes of pectinate macrochaetae as well as many simple setae, some longer than others. —Antennae fairly long, scape ( +Fig. 104 +) quite long with scales over surface and a preapical ring of numerous setae; pedicel with preapical ring of strong simple setae and cilia as well as smaller setae on the dorsal face and some scattered over face; first annulus/interval of flagellum glabrous; next annulus in +holotype +apparently with three rings of simple setae each with a trichobothrium which probably represent annuli in the process of dividing; subsequent four intervals with single ring of setae and cilia and a short trichobothrium per annulus; following interval divided into two with the basal annulus glabrous and the next of setae, cilia and a trichobothrium. By one quarter the length of the antennae there are four annuli per interval and by mid antenna eight per interval. Distally it is difficult to decide how many annuli per interval as the trichobothria do not appear to be present. There is a repeating pattern of six annuli ( +Fig. 105 +) with the most distal annulus having at least one long basiconic sensilla type B and probably also a campaniform sensilla. — Mandibles ( +Fig. 106 +) typical for + +Acrotelsella + +with prominent molar and large incisor areas; a group of about nine strong apically bifurcated but simple setae distally adjacent to the pectinate molar area and a bush of extremely numerous and densely packed pectinate macrochaetae externally as well as scattered simple setae. — Maxilla ( +Fig. 107 +) with two thicker and one smaller, smooth or slightly pectinate macrochaeta externally proximal to the palp, the lacinia with four strong teeth, one set further back than the other three, followed by seven lamellate processes and a row of six smooth apically bifurcate setae, galea longer than the lacinia with just two somewhat stronger, smooth, simple or apically bifurcate setae externally in its basal half and several cilia distally; maxillary palp long and thin, apical article 3.6–6.1 times longer than wide and 0.93–1.07 times as long as the penultimate article which is almost as long as the third and longest article, the ultimate article apparently only with basiconic sensilla (type B); last two articles of palp with fine setae only, third article with scales and thin setae as well as a few slightly stronger setae subapically, first and second articles with subapical ring of slightly thicker setae, the ring incomplete on the basal article, second article also with scales. — Labium ( +Fig. 108 +) short and broad, postmentum with transverse row of simple and truncate apically bifurcate macrochaetae, prementum with transverse and oblique rows of short strong apically bifurcated setae, apically with curved setulae; labial palp with the second article with several strong setae; apical article expanded medially, a little shorter than long (0.79–1.04) with row of three papillae of compact type arranged in a single row near the outer margin, with one or two rod-like basiconic sensillum (type B) near the outer margin, covered with numerous fine setae as well as longer fine setae. + + + +Figures 100–108 +. + +Acrotelsella thommoi + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +100 +) long pectinate macrochaeta of clypeus; ( +101 +) finely pectinate marginal macrochaeta of pronotum; ( +102 +) darker dorsal scale of mesonotum; ( +103 +) head (cross-hatched area obscured by eye pigment); ( +104 +) antenna, scape, pedicel and basal intervals of flagellum; ( +105 +) idem, most distal surviving complete interval; ( +106 +) mandible; ( +107 +) maxilla; ( +108 +) labium. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Thorax +: Pronotum ( +Fig. 109 +) with setal collar about three macrochaetae wide, with the macrochaetae in the medial region smaller and sparser than those laterally; lateral margins with a few smaller finely pectinate setae along the margin, as well as larger slightly submarginal macrochaetae also with subtle pectinations, usually located near to but not quite in line with the lateral combs, with 8–9 combs of one to three strongly pectinate macrochaetae along each margin. Two open trichobothrial areas; the anterior trichobothrial area about 0.34–0.39 of the distance along the margin, associated with comb N-3, the trichobothrium being placed between the single macrochaeta of the comb and the margin; posterior trichobothrial area is located about 0.70–0.75 of the distance along the margin and is associated with the last comb which is composed of two macrochaetae with the short trichobothrium at the mediad end and a cilium at the laterad end, all combs associated with a several setulae. Posterior margin with 1+1 combs of 4–8 insertion points, each associated with a few small setae between the comb and the margin and a cilium at each end; the outermost insertion on the comb is occupied by a long thin trichobothrium-like seta. The gap between the posterior combs 48–49% of the width of the pronotum. — Mesonotum ( +Fig. 110 +) with lateral chaetotaxy similar to pronotum but with 9–11 combs each of 1–4 macrochaetae, the anterior trichobothrial area located 0.60–0.65 along the lateral margin associated with comb N-2 composed of one macrochaeta (rarely two) with the trichobothrium located between the macrochaeta and the margin, with several setulae posterior to the comb and a cilium at the mediad end. Posterior trichobothrial area slightly more posterior than that on the pronotum (0.82–0.84), the trichobothrium located mediad to the comb of usually just one macrochaeta although two occur on one side of gbs004036 and with a few setulae posterior to the comb. Posterior margin with 1+1 combs of 4–8 macrochaetae insertions usually with a cilium at each end, the most lateral macrochaeta most likely a long, thin, trichobothrium-like seta, with a few setulae between the comb and the margin. — Metanotum ( +Fig. 111 +) similar to mesonotum with 8–10 combs of 1–4 macrochaetae, the anterior trichobothrial area associated with comb N-1 of two macrochaetae about 0.72–0.73 along the margin, the posterior trichobothrial area associated with the most posterior comb (0.85–0.87 along margin) and the posterior 1+1 combs each of 4–8 macrochaetae, the most lateral macrochaeta being long, thin and trichobothrium-like, with a few setulae between the comb and the margin. + + + +Figures 109–112 +. + +Acrotelsella thommoi + +sp.nov. +holotype ♀ ( +109 +) pronotum, right side; ( +110 +) mesonotum, right side with anterior trichobothrial area indicated; ( +111 +) metanotum with trichobothria indicated; ( +112 +) presternum, prothoracic sternum and PI. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 113–116 +. + +Acrotelsella thommoi + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +113 +) mesothoracic sternum; ( +114 +) metathoracic sternum; ( +115 +) PII; ( +116 +) PIII. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 117–123 +. + +Acrotelsella thommoi + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ unless otherwise indicated by specimen number ( +117 +) urotergite VII, left half; ( +118 +) urotergite X; ( +119 +) urosternite VII, left half; ( +120 +) left coxites VIII and IX with styli and ovipositor; ( +121 +) apex of gonapophyses; ( +122 +) base of cerci and medial filament; ( +123 +) right coxite IX of male and penis (K.541637). Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Presternum very narrow, with transverse row of long almost smooth setae and setulae ( +Fig. 112 +). — Prothoracic sternum ( +Fig. 112 +) large, 0.93–1.07 times as long as wide at its base, parabolic, rounded apically, antero-lateral corners with many simple setae, those on the margins smaller than those just inside the margin, posterior ⅘ to ⅔ of lateral margins with fringe of long setae and some cilia as well as 4–7 combs each composed of 1–6 pectinate macrochaetae arranged in single straight or curved combs. — Mesosternum ( +Fig. 113 +) a little larger than prosternum (1.10–1.16 times as long) but similar in shape, about a long as wide at its base (L/ +W 1.00 +–1.02), with a few fine setae in the anterolateral corners, with long, thin simple marginal setae and cilia along the posterior quarter of the lateral margins and 2 + 2 combs distally, the more anterior composed of 5–6 strongly pectinate macrochaetae, the next of 4–5 macrochaetae with additional slightly submarginal 1+1 strong setae nearer to the posterior end; all combs with a few setulae distal to each comb. — Metasternum ( +Fig. 114 +) shorter and wider than the mesosternum (L/ +W 0.77 +–0.82) apically rounded or very slightly pointed, the margins may be slightly concave adjacent to the posterior combs, with marginal setae and cilia along distal margins adjacent to the combs as well as a few setulae between the combs and the margin; 1+1, 1+2 or 2+2 subdistal combs of 2–11 strongly pectinate macrochaetae. + + +Legs of average dimensions, neither long and slender nor short and stout, tibia L/W ratio of PI 2.5 (range 2.2–2.9), PII 2.9 (range 2.7–3.3), PIII 5.0 (range 3.3–6.0); tarsi L/W ratio PI 6.0 (range 5.4–7.2), PII 6.8 (range 5.8–8.0), PIII 8.6 (range 7.0–10.4). PI ( +Fig. 112 +) with a row of about six macrochaetae laterally on the precoxa. Coxa with scales and a group of about eight macrochaetae on the anterolateral corners followed by a field of pectinate macrochaetae along the external margin about three macrochaetae wide; inner margin with a five lightly pectinate macrochaetae and several smooth and pectinate setae of varying thickness distally over the articulation; distal end with distinct cleft, with a row of small setae along the mediad margin. Trochanter with one small pectinate macrochaeta and a few strong smooth setae. Femur posteriorly with several slender pectinate macrochaetae, in addition to some stronger tapered and carrot-shaped macrochaetae along the margin to the posterior bulge then a row of about eight setae along the margin to the articulation; anterior edge with two strong macrochaeta insertions near the articulation. Tibia of PI with about two stout, carrot-shaped, pectinate macrochaetae along the posterior margin as well as several longer, thinner, pectinate or smooth setae and a row of three shorter stout setae near the distal margin; anterior margin with two strong insertion points about ½ and ¾ along the margin, each associated with one or two strong setae, as well several subdistal setae over the articulation; apex of tibia with the usual apical spur which is covered in numerous setae. Tarsi with four articles, the basal article of PI about half the total length of the tarsus, its join with the next article not particularly oblique, whereas the distal margin of the second article is quite oblique, the surface of all tarsal articles with very numerous simple setae. Pretarsus with two long curved lateral claws and a shorter curved medial claw. PII ( +Fig. 115 +) and PIII ( +Fig. 116 +) similar to PI except the macrochaetae laterally on the coxae are somewhat reduced in the anterior half on PII and much reduced in the anterior half on PIII; the tibia of PIII has a long thin trichobothria-like seta about ¼ the distance along the outer margin: legs progressively longer from PI to PIII and the relative length of the basal tarsal article is progressively longer, being about 60% of the total length of the tarsus of PIII. + + +Abdomen +: Urotergite I with 1+1 lateral combs of 5–7 macrochaetae each associated with a cilium at each end and several setulae or slender setae between the comb and the margin, urotergites II–VII with 3+3 combs of 4–13 macrochaetae as in table 6 ( +Fig. 117 +), urotergite VIII with 2+2 combs (lacking the sublateral), urotergite IX glabrous; all combs with a cilium at each end and many small setae and setulae between the comb and the margin. — Urotergite X ( +Fig. 118 +) triangular (50–56° in both sexes) but with the apex slightly withdrawn from the apex of a triangle, wider at base than long (L/ +W 0.60 +–0.77) with many delicately pectinate smooth setae along entire margin both above and 4–5 combs on each side, the combs composed of 1–7 macrochaetae per comb usually with a cilium at the mediad end of each comb, as well as several setulae posterior to each comb. + + +Urosternite I and II glabrous, urosternites III–VII with 1+1 lateral combs of 8–17 pectinate macrochaetae ( +Fig. 119 +) each with a similar number of setulae between the comb and the margin as well as a cilium at the lateral end of every comb. The distance between the lateral combs 3.5–10.3 times the average width of these combs, the ratio being largest on urosternite III and decreasing posteriorly. + + +Genital region of +♀ +as in +Figure 120 +. Two pairs of styli, those on IX about one third longer than those on VIII, with some robust setae apically. Coxites VIII with long combs of 10–14 macrochaetae and a smaller number of thin but sometimes very long setae (almost as long as the macrochaetae) between the comb and the margin, the coxites with rounded inner corners, the straight section being only ⅛–⅓ the width of the distal margin. Coxites IX with long rounded internal process, about 2.8–5.2 times longer than wide at its base (longer in larger specimens) and 7.2–11.4 times longer than the short pointed external process, the inner processes surpassing the apex of styli IX including macrochaetae, almost reaching to the end of the ovipositor; outer process with several setae externally, inner process with strong smooth macrochaetae along the margins, being very dense on the outer margin where many scales also exist. — Ovipositor of primary +type +with rows of fine setae on each article ( +Figs 120, 121 +), not very long (up to 1.5 HW, range 1.42–1.95), reaching to the apex of the long internal processes of coxites IX, both pairs of gonapophyses consisting of long basal division followed by smaller divisions that do not differ greatly in their length along the ovipositor, 25–31 divisions in total. + + + +Table 6 +. Number of macrochaetae per bristle comb — + +Acrotelsella thommoi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
segmenturotergiteurosternite
lateralsublateralsubmedial
I5–7———
II5–84–74–7—
III6–115–65–78–12
IV8–115–74–710–15
V8–135–75–710–15
VI8–135–75–711–16
VII8–135–75–812–17
VIII8–13—5–810–14
IX————
+ + +Cerci ( +Fig. 122 +) with first division almost glabrous, with just a couple of minute setae near the lateral margin, following four divisions wider than long with two or three rings of setae, macrochaetae and trichobothria, the middle, later also most basal ring with some small scales, divisions then progressively longer with four annuli per division each with a ring of setae, trichobothria, macrochaetae restricted to the most distal ring, scales present in the most basal and the penultimate rings.— Median dorsal appendage ( +Fig. 122 +) first division glabrous, second division very short with only a couple of small setae laterally on each side, third division with one full ring, following two divisions with a single ring of setae and trichobothria, subsequent divisions with two or more rings of setae and trichobothria with scales present on basal and middle rings. Most distal divisions in more or less intact terminal filaments with 16 annuli per division. Epiproct and paraprocts quite darkly sclerotized or pigmented. + + +Coxite VIII in +♂ +entire with 1+1 combs of 11–15 macrochaetae as well as many thin marginal setae and setulae between the comb and the margin. Coxites IX in +♂ +separated ( +Fig. 123 +) each side with a long smooth macrochaeta (about ⅔ the length of the internal process) mediad to the base of the stylus. The internal process very acute apically, about 2.9–4.8 times longer than the external process and 1.3–1.5 times as long as broad at its base. External and internal margins of internal process and external margin of outer process with many finely pectinate setae and macrochaetae. Outer process small triangular with several stout finely pectinate setae along the outer margin. Penis typical with numerous glandular setae apically, each set on a protuberance. Parameres absent. + + +Habitat +. This species has been collected in accumulated bark and/or termite dirt in fork at base of Eucalypt, as well as under bark at very base of Eucalypt. + + + + +Etymology +. This species is named for a good friend, Greg Thompson (“Thommo”), a quiet adventurer, who sadly is no longer with us ( +22 January 1954 +– +22 October 2021 +). + + + + +Remarks + + +There are several species in a group that have simple ovipositors and, while we have found distinct morphological differences to separate the three species described in this work, it is quite difficult to be certain of the position of other species described because of their inadequate descriptions. + +Acrotelsella splendens +(Nicholls and Richardson, 1926) + +appears to differ from the three species described in this work by the extremely truncate posterior margin to coxites VIII with less than one quarter of the margin being occupied by the medio-posterior curve. It is also illustrated as having a long series of papillae on the labial palp whereas the species described here do not have more than five papillae. However, +Mendes (1989) +redescribed the species based on material from +Indonesia +and +Thailand +without seeing the +type +material. Only five papillae are illustrated on the ultimate article of the labial palp and Mendes does not illustrate the posterior margin of coxites VIII in the female. The variability of the shape of urotergite X between the Thai and Indonesian specimens is much greater than we have found within species in this current study. While the material described by Mendes may be closely related to the Australian species, we believe that their correct identity needs further investigation. We have not included the characters described by Mendes in our evaluation of the species described here. + + + +Acrotelsella producta + +also appears in this group but the inner processes of coxites IX are illustrated, at least in one of his illustrations, as being much longer than any other species, reaching beyond the apex of the stylus IX by the length of the stylus, however it is not illustrated as being so long in a second illustration in the tables. No other described species extends more than half the length of stylus IX, however + +Acrotelsella producta + +does need to be redescribed, checking the length of the processes as well as providing details on many characters, over-looked at that time but now considered relevant. +Womersley (1939) +interpretation of the various specimens before him and his interpretation of the published descriptions of other + +Acrotelsella +species + +is probably not very helpful and should be re-examined in the light of new knowledge and technical advances. + + + +Acrotelsella pacifica + + +may also fit into this group of species. +It +differs from all other species in the group by having 8–14 labial palp papillae however the original description of +Marquesas Island +material lacks many details and +Mendes (1989) +supplementary description is based on material from +Indonesia +and the +Philippines +without reference to the +types +and also lacks some details that we now think useful + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57036FFE7FE92B47E5BA78FD8.xml b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57036FFE7FE92B47E5BA78FD8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..956e0561388 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57036FFE7FE92B47E5BA78FD8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +On some Silverfish Taxa from the Mildura Region (Inland South-eastern Australia) (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Ctenolepismatinae) + + + +Author + +Smith, Graeme B. + + + +Author + +Mitchell, Andrew + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +151 +199 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 +2201-4349 + + + + + + + +Acrotelsella +Silvestri, 1935 + + + + + + + + + + +Acrotelsa +Escherich, 1905: 105 + + +pro parte. + + + + + + +Stylifera +Stach, 1932: 333 + + +, 345 pro parte. + + + + + + +Acrotelsella +Silvestri, 1935: 307 + + +. + + + + + +Type +species: + +Acrotelsa producta +Escherich, 1905 + +by original designation. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57036FFEFFF73B77D5E408F20.xml b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57036FFEFFF73B77D5E408F20.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0a482538d3d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B57036FFEFFF73B77D5E408F20.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1004 @@ + + + +On some Silverfish Taxa from the Mildura Region (Inland South-eastern Australia) (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Ctenolepismatinae) + + + +Author + +Smith, Graeme B. + + + +Author + +Mitchell, Andrew + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +151 +199 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 +2201-4349 + + + + + + + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: +12995B4B-6498-4FB2-AEA0-45A1A3120B18 + + + + + +Figs 2–34 + + + + + + +Holotype + +♀ +( +HW 1.21 +) +NEW SOUTH WALES +: +Nombinnie Nature Reserve +33.15719°S +145.87153°E + +139m +asl + +, + +8.vii.2016 + +, Graeme Smith, leaf litter, AMS K.541621 (on two slides) + +. + + +Paratypes + +1♀ +( +HW 1.16 +) + + +ca +15km +south of +Balranald +34.76606°S +143.53946°E + +71m +asl + +, + +23.ix.2013 + +, Graeme Smith, mallee leaf litter, AMS K.541622 (on two slides) + +; + +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +0.75) same data as previous,AMS K.261284 (on one slide) + +; + +1 juvenile +( +HW +0.60) same data as previous,AMS K.377957 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.13 +) + + +Narrawa +34.41924°S +149.09932°E + +495m +asl + +, + +4.xi.2014 + +, Graeme Smith, leaf litter, AMS K.541632 (on two slides) + +; + +3♂♂ +( +HW 1.05 +, +1.05 +, +1.08 +) + +same data as previous K.377964 (in alcohol) +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.05 +) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.20 +) + + +south of +Deniliquin +35.82380°S +144.94626°E + +108m +asl + +, + +5.xi.2014 + +, Graeme Smith, leaf litter, AMS K.541633 (on two slides) + +; + +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +0.85) same data as previous,AMS K.377963 (in alcohol). +VICTORIA +: +Wyperfeld +N.P., +Snowdrift +35.43029°S +141.91111°E + +80m +asl + +, + +26.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, leaf litter, top of dune,AMS K.261325 (on two slides) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW +0.98) same data as previous, AMS K.261324 (on two slides) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.10 +) + +same data as previous, AMS K.261325 (on two slides) +; + +♂ +( +HW +0.93) same data as previous, AMS K.377965 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.05 +) + + +Pink Lakes +turnoff, west of +Underbool +35.16731°S +141.70452°E + +60m +asl + +, + +25.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, hand collected in dry mallee leaf litter, +NMV +gbs004045 (on two slides) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.05 +) + + +Hattah-Kulkyne N.P. +34.69770°S +142.38873°E + +59m +asl + +, + +24.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, dry leaf litter under small leaved shrub, top of sand dune, +NMV +T-22589 (on two slides) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.13 +) + + +Hattah-Kulkyne N.P. +dune near +Lake Mournpell +campsite +34.70198°S +142.33780°E + +57m +asl + +, + +24.ix.2013 + +, +Graeme Smith +, leaf litter on sand under small bush, +NMV +T-22588 (on two slides) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.05 +) + + +1 juvenile +♀ +( +HW +0.75) + + +1 juvenile +( +HW +0.55) same data as previous,AMS K.377958 (in alcohol) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.10 +) + + +Wyperfeld N.P. +, along road north of +Hopetoun +35.53558°S +142.32764°E + +99m +asl + +, + +27.ix.2013 + +, Graeme Smith, leaf litter of +Acacia +or pea?,AMS K.541634 (on two slides) + +; + +1♀ +( +HW 1.13 +) + +same data as previous, AMS K.377967(in alcohol) +; + +♂ +( +HW 1.05 +) + +. + +SOUTH AUSTRALIA +: +Coorong +35.91°S +139.42°E +, + +8.xi.2014 + +, Penelope Greenslade, +Melaleuca, AMS K. +541623 (on two slides) + +. + + + + +Other material examined +but not included in +type +series + +. +1♀ +( +HW 1.23 +) +SOUTH AUSTRALIA +: +Belair N.P. +36’s site +35.01°S +138.65°E +, + +2–9.xi.2014 + +, +M. A. Nash +, +pitfall +, AMS K.541624 (on two slides); +1♀ +( +HW 1.23 +) same data as previous, AMS K.377966 (in alcohol) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. This species belongs to the group of species with secondary ovipositors, a group in which most currently named species have been inadequately described. It appears to differ from other species by the presence of 7–8 papillae on the labial palp, the 3+3 arrangement of combs on the metasternum and the presence of several short combs along the inner margin of coxites IX of the female. + + + + +Figure 2 +. Known distribution of + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +and a closely related taxon. + + + + +Figure 3 +. + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +, Balranald, NSW. + + + + +Description + + +Appearance +: Medium sized silverfish, somewhat stocky in form, thorax wider than the abdomen. Scale pattern when live see figure 3, antennae evenly brown, terminal filaments appear annulated, distinct light margins to thorax. In alcohol specimens become very dark almost as soon as they contact the alcohol. + + +Body length +: H+B up to +8.3 mm +, HW +1.21 mm +; thorax: length +2.5 mm +or 0.27–0.33 H+B; width +2.05 mm +with the mesonotum being slightly wider than the pronotum and not much wider than the metanotum. Antennae incomplete, maximum preserved length +4.9 mm +or>0.6 H+B; terminal filaments all broken, maximum preserved length of terminal filaments +4.1 mm +or>0.5 H+B. + +Pigmentation: Cuticle overall quite dark with specimens becoming very dark when they are placed into alcohol. The intensity of darkness makes it difficult to observe macrochaetae insertions in some places. Some variability in darkness noted between specimens. Flagellum of antennae without annulations, moderate orange-brown pigment evenly distributed; pedicel quite darkly pigmented overall or restricted to apical ring of pigment, scape with or without pigment. Frons without darker regions, labrum and clypeus without pigment, mandibles and maxillae without pigment among bushes of macrochaetae, maxillary and labial palps with orange-brown pigment, the distal article of the maxillary palp moderately and evenly pigmented, penultimate article with moderate pigment overall but more intense distally, second and third articles with pigment dorsally, also stronger distally. Labial palp ultimate and penultimate articles overall light to dark pigment, second article darker, especially distally. Nota and thoracic sterna without obvious pigment. Precoxa of legs with darker brown pigment, which also occurs on the shoulder of the coxa but not along the outer margin. Trochanter with pigment along posterior margin. Femora fairly evenly pigmented, tending to darker at the posterior bulge and the anterior distal corners. Tibia darkly pigmented overall. First tarsal article with more pigment distally, remaining articles with some light pigment. Abdominal segments quite dark (sclerotized or pigment?) becoming darker in the posterior segments; coxites IX quite dark. Ovipositor well pigmented brown basally with pigment absent from distal four divisions. Cerci and median filament annulated, mostly dark divisions except for first annulus which is light in colouring and apex of distal division distad of the ring of macrochaetae. Abdominal styli light basally with orange pigment in distal half becoming more intense distally, styli VIII the same or sometimes with much less pigment. + +Macrochaetae +: Variable, subtly pectinate, curved and tapered ( +Fig. 4 +), strongly pectinate ( +Fig. 5 +), carrot-shaped and strongly pectinate ( +Fig. 6 +), dark brown to straw coloured. + + +Scales +: With numerous sub-parallel ribs that do not surpass the margin of the scale ( +Fig. 7 +), those dorsal are brown, those ventral brown or hyaline. Scales found on top of head, on pedicel and scape, mandible, on second and third articles of maxillary palp, all nota, all thoracic sterna, legs (except for trochanter and distal three articles of tarsi), all urotergites and urosternites, styli IX, medial filament and cerci. Scales of palps, styli, terminal filaments ( +Figs. 8, 9 +) of variable shape, sometimes without clearly defined ribs. + + +Head +: ( +Fig. 10 +) wider than long, with 1+1 not very dense bushes of macrochaetae aligned in subparallel rows on the antero-lateral corners, with a distinct gap in chaetotaxy between these two bushes. Eyes dark chestnut in alcohol preserved material. There is a small gap behind each bush in the row of macrochaetae along the margin which extends inwards to a contiguous large peri-antennal group and its long thin trichobothrium-like seta; the marginal row continues back and up over the eyes about two macrochaetae wide. Clypeus with 1+1 very dense bushes of strongly pectinate macrochaetae as well as a few curved setae laterally; a single macrochaeta and scattered cilia medially between the bushes. Labrum also with 1+1 dense bushes but with fewer pectinate macrochaetae as well as many simple setae scattered over the face. — Antennae fairly long, scape ( +Fig. 11 +) not long with a preapical ring of setae; pedicel with preapical ring of simple setae and cilia as well as setae scattered over face; first annulus/interval of flagellum with a subapical ring of simple setae; next annulus with ring of simple setae and two trichobothria; subsequent intervals with single ring of setae and cilia across the middle of the annulus and two short trichobothria per annulus; intervals of flagellum begin to subdivide from the fifth interval. About two thirds the length of the antennae the intervals are subdivided into eight annuli ( +Fig. 12 +) with the most distal annulus bearing a proximal ring of setae and a subapical ring of cilia and a trichobothrium; rod-like basiconic sensilla ( +type +B) seen on fourth and ultimate annuli. Further distally the intervals are divided into ten annuli but trichobothria were no longer observed (lost?), basiconic sensilla seen on fifth and ultimate annuli; poculiform sensilla were seen clearly in at least +two specimens +(NMV T-22589, K.261324) in the very distal annuli but were not seen with confidence in other specimens, which could possibly be explained if these sensilla were only present in the most distal articles on more or less intact antennae or perhaps the sensilla were obscured by the very dark integument and unfortunate orientation. — Mandibles ( +Fig. 13 +) typical for + +Acrotelsella + +with well-developed molar and incisor areas; a group of about 10–15 strong apically bifurcated but simple setae distally adjacent to the pectinate molar area and a bush of around seventy strong, pectinate macrochaetae externally as well as scattered simple setae. — Maxilla ( +Fig. 14 +) with two or three thick minutely apically bifurcated and slightly pectinate macrochaetae as well as 2–6 smaller setae externally proximal to the palp, the lacinia with three strong teeth, one set further back than the other two, followed by about seven lamellate processes and a row of 5–7 short simple setae, galea longer than lacinia with about 3–5 strong, smooth, simple or apically bifurcate setae externally in its basal half and several cilia distally; maxillary palp very long and thin, apical article 4.8–6.2 times longer than wide and 1.0–1.3 times as long as the penultimate article which is the longest article, the ultimate article with a thick sausage-shaped sensillum subapically (thin-walled basiconic sensillum +type +C of +Adel, 1984 +), last two articles of palp with fine setae only, third article with some slightly stronger setae subapically, second and third articles also with scales, although these can be hard to find on the third article. — Labium ( +Fig. 15 +) short and broad, postmentum with transverse row of apically bifurcate setae, a few laterally with distinct pectinations, prementum with transverse and oblique rows of strong apically bifurcated setae, apically with long curved setulae; labial palp short, apical article not expanded medially, about as long as wide (0.8–1.31) with row of seven papillae of compact +type +arranged in a single curved row near the outer margin, with a single very small rod-like basiconic sensillum ( +type +B) on the outer margin, covered with numerous fine setae as well as longer fine setae. + + + +Figures 4–15 +. + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ unless otherwise indicated by specimen number ( +4 +) long pectinate macrochaeta of coxa of PI; ( +5 +) pectinate macrochaeta, peri-ocular; ( +6 +) carrot-shaped pectinate macrochaeta of tibia of PII; ( +7 +) darker scale from coxa of PIII; ( +8 +) and ( +9 +) scales from median dorsal appendage; ( +10 +) head (cross-hatched area obscured by eye pigment, posterior left side missing); ( +11 +) antenna, scape, pedicel and basal intervals of flagellum; ( +12 +) idem, most distal surviving complete interval; ( +13 +) mandible (K.261325); ( +14 +) maxilla (K.261324); ( +15 +) labium, smaller chaetotaxy and papillae omitted from one palp (K.261324). Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 16–22 +. + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +16 +) pronotum, right side; ( +17 +) left anterior trichobothrial area of pronotum; ( +18 +) left posterior trichobothrial area of pronotum; ( +19 +) left posterior comb of pronotum; ( +20 +) mesonotum, right side; ( +21 +) metanotum, right side; ( +22 +) prothoracic presternum, sternum and PI. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 23–27 +. + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +23 +) mesothoracic sternum; ( +24 +) metathoracic sternum and PIII; ( +25 +) PII; ( +26 +) urotergite III; ( +27 +) urotergite IX, right infralateral seta. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Thorax +: Pronotum ( +Fig. 16 +) with dense setal collar of both longer and shorter strongly pectinate macrochaetae, about three macrochaetae wide, without slight medial gap; lateral margins with many strong, shorter and longer, curved, slightly pectinate macrochaetae as well as a few cilia, with 6–8 combs of 1–3 macrochaetae along each margin. Two open trichobothrial areas; the anterior trichobothrial area ( +Fig. 17 +) is slightly forward of the midpoint (0.43–0.49) and associated with comb N-2 (rarely N-3), the comb composed of only a single macrochaeta with the trichobothrium between the macrochaeta and the margin and a cilium laterad of the trichobothrium; the posterior trichobothrial area ( +Fig. 18 +) is located about 0.71–0.82 of the distance along the margin and is associated with the last comb (N), this comb composed of three macrochaetae (rarely two) with the short trichobothrium at the mediad end and a cilium at the laterad end; all combs associated with a few setulae, sometimes quite numerous. Posterior margin of all nota with 1+1 combs of 3–7 macrochaetae insertions associated with several setulae between the comb and the margin and a cilium at each end, the macrochaetae are mostly lost but in several specimens (probably all) the most laterad or second most laterad is occupied by a long thin trichobothrium-like macrochaeta ( +Fig. 19 +); these combs not particularly widely spaced (gap between them 50–54% of total width of pronotum). — Mesonotum ( +Fig. 20 +) with lateral chaetotaxy similar to pronotum with 9–10 combs of 1–3 (rarely four) macrochaetae, the anterior trichobothrial area located 0.59–0.70 along the lateral margin, associated with comb N-2 composed of one macrochaeta (occasionally two) with the trichobothrium located between the macrochaeta and the margin, with a few setulae posterior to the comb and a cilium between the trichobothrium and the margin. ( +33 +) base of cerci and medial filament; ( +34 +) +♂ +(K.261325) coxites IX and penis. Scale bars = +0.1 mm +. + + + +Figures 28–32 +. + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ ( +28 +) urotergite X; ( +29 +) urosternite IV; ( +30 +) urosternite VII, detail of right comb; ( +31 +) coxites VIII and IX with ovipositor; ( +32 +) apex of gonapophyses. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 33–34 +. + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +holotype ♀ unless otherwise indicated by specimen number + + + +Posterior trichobothrial area slightly more posterior than that on the pronotum (0.80–0.85), the trichobothrium located mediad to the comb usually of three macrochaetae (sometimes fewer) and with 1–3 setulae or stronger setae posterior to the comb.— Metanotum ( +Fig. 21 +) similar to mesonotum with 6–9 combs of 1–3 macrochaetae, the anterior trichobothrial area associated with comb N-1 of one or two macrochaetae about 0.70–0.78 the distance along the margin, the trichobothrium located between the margin and the macrochaeta, the posterior trichobothrial area associated with the most posterior comb (0.81–0.89 along the margin) of 2–3 macrochaetae. + + +Presternum narrow, with transverse row of spaced pectinate macrochaetae with numerous fine setulae below and between these macrochaetae ( +Fig. 22 +). — Prothoracic sternum ( +Fig. 22 +) parabolic, about as long as wide at its base (L/ +W 0.86 +–1.00), antero-lateral corners with about 20 simple marginal setae, posterior three quarters of lateral margins with fringe of setae and some cilia as well as 5–12 short combs on each side each composed of 1–6 short pectinate macrochaetae, combs sometimes lying quite close to each other and lying in two overlapping rows, often with a strong seta on the margin near the end of the comb but not counted in the number of macrochaetae per comb, these strong marginal or submarginal smooth macrochaetae also present distally and at irregular locations along the lateral margins. — Mesosternum ( +Fig. 23 +) only a little larger than prosternum (1.1–1.2 times as long) about as long as wide at its base (L/ +W 0.96 +–1.13), anterolateral corners glabrous, posterior third of margins with many long thin setae and cilia and 3–4 combs on each side distally, the more anterior composed of 5–10 pectinate macrochaetae and the more posterior composed of 1–4 pectinate macrochaetae; all combs with several curved setulae beneath them, larger smooth, tapered macrochaetae distally at or past the level of the more distal combs. — Metasternum ( +Fig. 24 +) of similar length to prosternum except wider (L/ +W 0.78 +–0.87), apically rounded, with marginal setae and cilia along distal ¼ of lateral margins and 3+3 (occasionally two or four) combs of 1–9 pectinate macrochaetae. + + +Legs quite long, tibia L/W ratio of PI 2.1–3.2, PII 2.7–3.5, PIII3.6–4.3; tarsi L/W ratio PI 5.1–7.5, PII range 7.4–8.3, PIII 8.9–11.3. PI ( +Fig. 22 +) with a comb of 3–8 pectinate macrochaetae laterally on the distal margin of the precoxa. Coxa with scales and a group of about 6–9 macrochaetae on the anterolateral corners usually arranged in two close rows, followed by a field of strong pectinate macrochaetae along the external margin about two the three macrochaetae wide, the margin with curved slightly pectinate macrochaetae, the macrochaetae behind the margin pectinate and usually grouped into combs of two or three; inner margin with a four lightly pectinate macrochaetae and several smooth and delicately pectinate setae of varying thickness distally over the articulation. Trochanter with a small pectinate macrochaeta and several setae, cilia and setulae. Femur posteriorly with a long thin pectinate macrochaeta nine tapered or slightly carrot-shaped pectinate macrochaetae along the posterior margin and a line of smooth setae posteriorly, dorsal margin with at least three short curved pectinate macrochaetae over the articulation. Tibia of PI with six (?) stout, carrot-shaped, mildly pectinate macrochaetae along the ventral margin as well as several longer, thinner, smooth setae and a row of shorter setae near the distal margin; anterior margin with two pectinate macrochaetae and a stronger seta near the distal margin, dorsal margin with two short, curved, mildly pectinate macrochaetae spaced along the margin and a few smooth setae subdistally, with usual tibial spur bearing a few setae. Tarsi with four articles, the basal article of PI about half the total length of the tarsus, its join with the next article not particularly oblique, the surface of all tarsal articles with numerous simple setae, those ventral near the distal end of the basal three articles more robust and with more rounded tips. On some specimens a raised oval area is visible on the second tarsal article. Pretarsus with two long curved lateral claws and a shorter curved medial claw. PII and PIII ( +Figs. 25, 24 +) similar to PI except the antero-lateral groups of macrochaetae on the coxa absent; legs progressively longer from PI to PIII (L tibia PI/PIII 0.51–0.73, L tarsus PI/PIII 0.58–0.67 and the relative length of the basal tarsal article is progressively longer, being about 0.6 of the total length on PIII. + + +Abdomen +: Urotergite I with 1+1 lateral combs of 4–6 macrochaetae each associated with a cilium at both ends, and 2–3 small marginal setae and several setulae between the comb and the margin, urotergites II–VII with 3+3 combs of macrochaetae as in +Table 3 +( +Fig. 26 +), the lateral combs with two cilia as well as 2–4 small marginal setae 3–8 setulae, the sublateral combs with a cilium at the mediad end as well as 2–3 small marginal setae and 2–5 setulae, the submedial combs with a cilium at the laterad end as well as 2–5 small marginal setae and 4–6 setulae; urotergite VIII with 2+2 combs (lacking the sublateral), also with a cilium at each end of both combs as well as 2–4 marginal setae and 5–6 setulae, urotergite IX glabrous except for a single marginal seta in the infralateral position ( +Fig. 27 +) on some specimens, it is present on one side only of the +holotype +, both sides in NMV T-22589, K.261324, K.541623 and K.261325 but absent in K.541622, K.261284, NMV T-22588 and K.541624. — Urotergite X ( +Fig. 28 +) equilateral triangle (64–86°), wider at base than long (L/ +W 0.43 +–0.62) with many long fine pectinate tapered setae along entire margin, and (3–4)+(3–4) combs of 1–7 macrochaetae per comb (all lost) as well as a few setulae posterior to each comb, and most combs with a cilium at the mediad end. + + +Urosternite I and II glabrous, urosternites III–VII with 1+1 lateral combs of 10–23 pectinate macrochaetae ( +Figs. 29, 30 +) each with several marginal setae and several setulae between the comb and the margin as well as a cilium at the laterad end of every comb (occasionally not present). The distance between the lateral combs 1.7–4.8 times the average width of these combs, the ratio being largest on urosternite III and decreasing posteriorly. + + +Genital region of +♀ +as in +Figure 31 +. Two pairs of styli, those on IX long and slender with robust setae apically and along the length of the stylus, styli of VIII similar and not much smaller. Coxites VIII with long combs of 17–23 macrochaetae and about half this number of marginal setae and a few setae in between the two, the coxites with straight truncate posterior margin and a slightly obtuse angle with the inner margin, the corner being moderately rounded the curve occupying only ⅐ to ¼ the length of the posterior margin. Each coxite IX with long internal process which is quite broad, about 1.6–2.8 times longer than wide at its base and 5.4–7.6 times longer than the short pointed external process, the inner processes not quite reaching the apex of the ovipositor; outer process with stout setae along the outer margin, inner process with numerous, quite long, closely packed setae along the outer margin adjacent to the stylus, a long smooth macrochaetae inserted mediad of the base of the stylus, the inner margin with 5–7 combs of 1–5 pectinate macrochaetae. — Ovipositor ( +Fig. 31 +) not very long (1.1–1.4 HW), of secondary +type +, only just surpassing the apex of the long internal processes of coxites IX, both pairs of gonapophyses consisting of longer basal divisions becoming progressively shorter distally except for the last divisions which are about as long as the previous two or three together, 11–15 divisions in total; the apical seven divisions armed with modified spines or conules which become more numerous distally, the last divisions with 7–10 modified spines ( +Fig. 32 +); all divisions also with short fine trichobothria-like setae. + + +Cerci ( +Fig. 33 +) first division almost glabrous except for single small seta externally, second division with sub-basal semi ring of a few small setae and a medial ring of setae, a trichobothrium and a pectinate macrochaeta externally, third division with a single ring of setae, trichobothria and some pectinate macrochaetae towards the outer margin, fourth interval similar but also with basal semi-ring of scales and a trichobothria and the subapical ring also contains some cilia, fifth division similar although it is uncertain whether the basal ring is of small setae or scales, sixth and seventh divisions with basal ring of setae and trichobothria followed by a semi-ring of scales then a subapical ring of setae, macrochaetae, cilia and some trichobothria, eighth and ninth divisions with four rings the most basal and third probably mostly of scales but also a small trichobothrium and a small seta respectively; subsequent divisions lost from +holotype +. — Median dorsal appendage, first division with only a couple of long thin delicately pectinate setae near the outer margins, following three divisions with single rings of long thin setae and trichobothria, divisions 5–7 with two rings, the more basal with a small trichobothrium some setae and some scales, the subapical ring with setae, trichobothria, cilia and macrochaetae, following division with an additional ring of scales between the sub-basal and subapical rings, ninth similar but with an additional ring of scales basally. + + +Male +: Similar to female except urosternite VIII entire with posterior margin between the combs slightly concave. Coxites IX in +♂ +separated ( +Fig. 34 +) with internal process broad and much shorter than that of the female being only 1.0–1.1 times longer than wide at its base and 2.8–3.9 times longer than the short pointed external process, the inner processes not quite reaching to half the length of the stylus; outer process with stout setae along the outer margin, inner process with setae along both margins, as well as 3–4 submarginal combs of 1–4 macrochaetae along the inner margin, as well as a long smooth macrochaetae inserted mediad of the base of the stylus. Penis typical with numerous glandular setae apically, each set on a protuberance. Parameres absent. + + + +Table 3 +. Number of macrochaetae per bristle comb — + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
segmenturotergiteurosternite
lateralsublateralsubmedial
I4–6———
II4–72–54–7—
III5–82–55–711–18
IV5–94–65–813–20
V6–105–63–813–21
VI6–115–65–913–20
VII6–104–65–811–21
VIII6–11—5–910–23
IX————
+ + +Habitat +. This species was mostly collected in dry leaf litter. + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named mallee which is the vegetation +type +predominant in much of the habitat of this species in south-western NSW and north-western +Victoria +. It is treated as a noun. + + + + +Remarks + + +As indicated above, both morphology and molecular data, which also includes several further undescribed species, suggest that species with a secondary ovipositor may form a separate clade from the rest of the genus + +Acrotelsella + +. However more taxonomic work is required before this question can be resolved. + + +Given the weak descriptions of many older species it is difficult to be certain of the position of + +A. mallee + +sp. nov. +relative to other species which appear to have a secondary +type +ovipositor. It differs from + +A. annamita +Silvestri, 1948 + +because the Vietnamese species lacks transverse combs on coxites IX. Furthermore + +A. annamita + +has three pairs of styli versus two in + +mallee + +and the spines on the ovipositor are restricted to the last division in + +A. annamita + +. The inner processes of coxites VIII of female in + +A. annamita + +are more rounded and obtuse compared to truncate and straight in + +A. +mallee + +sp. nov. +Urotergite X appears to be more elongate in + +annamita + +and the anterior trichobothrial area of pronotum much further forward on + +annamita + +(0.32 versus 0.43–0.49). + +Acrotelsella mallee + +sp. nov. +has (3–4)+(3–4) combs on the mesosternum and 3+3 combs on metanotum whereas + +A. annamita + +has only 2+2 and 1+1 combs respectively. + +Acrotelsella annamita + +has five labial palp papillae versus seven in + +mallee + +. + + + +Acrotelsella impudica +( +Escherich, 1905 +) + +also has a secondary ovipositor but the modified spines are unusually tapered and curved compared to the Australian + +Acrotelsella +species + +and Escherich’s species has short curved inner processes on both coxites VIII and IX. However, + +A. impudica +sensu Wygodzinsky, 1959 + +lacks the curved coxites IX but they are still quite short, and the inner processes of coxites VIII are curved and resemble the more usual + +Acrotelsella + +shape and it has five labial palp papillae. This species needs to be redescribed. + + +Although the description of + +A. devriesiana +Silvestri, 1908 + +is far from complete by today’s standards, it also has a secondary +type +ovipositor and coxites VIII are of similar shape. It clearly differs from + +A. mallee + +sp. nov. +in having only 1+1 combs on the metathoracic sternum (versus 3+3) and urotergite X appears to be more acute (56° versus 64–86°). It also appears to lack transverse combs on the inner margin of coxites IX whereas + +A. mallee + +sp. nov. +has 3–7 combs each of 1–5 macrochaetae. The specimens Silvestri mentions from Dongarra probably should not be included with + +A. devriesiana + +as the ovipositor is much longer than the coxites and it lacks styli on coxites VIII. The subspecies +perspinata +is also clearly different because it has only 2+2 combs on the metasternum, 2+2 lateral combs on coxites IX and a long line of 12 papillae on the labial palp. + + + +Acrotelsella devriesiana westralis +(Nicholls & Richardson, 1926) + +is inadequately described with no details of the female however it probably belongs in this group. It also has 3+3 combs on both the thoracic meso- and metasterna and has transverse combs on coxites IX of the male however it appears to have an unusual arrangement of five labial palp papillae in a circular group. More material is required to investigate these issues. With evolving understanding of the species limits in + +Acrotelsella + +, this subspecies should probably be considered as a full species, as initially proposed by its describers. + + + +Acrotelsella silvestri +Womersley, 1939 + +may or may not fit into this group. It has spines on the ovipositor but they appear to be completely different to those of other species in being scale like. It is not clear from the illustration whether there are combs on the inner processes of coxites IX but they are quite short. Too many other characters have not been included in the description for further comment. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B5703EFFF6FCFCB4135A968990.xml b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B5703EFFF6FCFCB4135A968990.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..431849de02e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87B5703EFFF6FCFCB4135A968990.xml @@ -0,0 +1,595 @@ + + + +On some Silverfish Taxa from the Mildura Region (Inland South-eastern Australia) (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Ctenolepismatinae) + + + +Author + +Smith, Graeme B. + + + +Author + +Mitchell, Andrew + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +151 +199 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1822 +2201-4349 + + + + + + + +Acrotelsella albicaudata + +sp. nov. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: +C36AD292-6727-45DD-8F28-9C078FE72E67 + + + + + +Figs 35–66 + + + + + + +Holotype + +♂ +( +HW 1.13 +) +VICTORIA +: +Murray-Sunset N.P. +34.73984°S +142.01870°E + +111m +asl + +, + +25.ix.2013 + +, Graeme Smith, leaf litter under + +Acacia +sp. + +, +NMV +T-22586 (on two slides) + +. + + +Paratypes + +1♀ +( +HW 1.08 +) same data as holotype, +NMV +T-22587 (on two slides) + +; + +1 juvenile +( +HW +0.78) same data as holotype, AMS K.261327 (on two slides) + +; + +1♂ +( +HW 1.40 +) VIC: +Murray-Sunset N.P. Pioneer +track +35.03444°S +141.73926°E + +52m +asl + +, + +26.ix.2013 + +, Graeme Smith, + +Eucalyptus + +leaf litter on top of ridge, AMS K.377968 (in alcohol, about to moult) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. In the field, this species can easily be distinguished from other described + +Acrotelsella + +by the very white tail filaments. Additional characters differentiating the species include the presence of only a single pair of styli in both sexes, seven papillae on the last article of the labial palp, the secondary +type +ovipositor and the short internal processes of coxites IX of the female which lack transverse combs. + + + + +Description + + +Appearance +: Medium-sized silverfish, with thorax a bit wider than the abdomen which tapers posteriorly. Scale pattern as in +Figure 36 +, in alcohol mottled brown with some dorsal scales much darker than others. Eyes dark brown. Antennae with darker annulations, terminal filaments extraordinarily white. + + +Body length +: Up to H+B +8.6 mm +, HW +1.38 mm +; thorax: length +2.6 mm +or 0.30–0.32 H+B; width +2.25 mm +with the pronotum being slightly narrower than the mesonotum, the mesonotum slightly wider than the metanotum, all nota of about the same length; antennae incomplete, maximum preserved length +4.2 mm +or>0.5 H+B; terminal filaments all broken, maximum length of cercus +2.9 mm +or>0.46 H+B; median dorsal appendage maximum preserved length +3.4 mm +(>0.54 H+B), but not very long. + + +Pigmentation +: Flagellum of antennae with distinct annulations; pedicel with very distinct dark ring at its apex. Frons with darker pigment along the sides of the head and through the anterior bushes, labrum and clypeus without pigment. Mandibles and maxillae without pigment among bushes of macrochaetae, ultimate article of maxillary palp with reddish brown pigment in the medial third and only light pigment in the other two thirds, penultimate article with dark pigment in the distal half, third article with dark pigment in distal third, second article with dark pigment in distal third and lighter pigment proximally. Labial palp with quite dark pigment on much of the apical and subapical articles with dark pigment distally on the second article, basal article with very little pigment. Nota and thoracic sterna without obvious pigment. Precoxa of legs very darkly pigmented. Coxae with quite dark pigment in the anterior “shoulders: extending down the outer margin among the bristles. Trochanter with darker more reddish pigment along posterior margin especially distally. Femora with dark reddish pigment along most of the posterior margin, especially distally and also on anterior margin distally, the density of the pigment along the posterior margin as well as on subsequent leg articles makes it difficult to discern sockets of setae and perhaps even macrochaetae. Tibia with dark pigment around all of distal margin. First tarsal article dark distally, remaining legs articles without pigment.Abdominal segments without obvious pigment dorsally, ventrally the posterior urosternites and coxites pigmented, especially coxites IX around the stylus insertion. Ovipositor without pigment. Cerci and median filament very white. Abdominal styli with moderate pigment. + + + +Figure 35 +. Known distribution of + +Acrotelsella albicaudata + +sp. nov. + + + +Macrochaetae +: Variable, pectinate or smooth ( +Figs 37–39 +), quite dark to straw coloured. + + +Scales +: Of quite variable shape with numerous sub-parallel ribs that do not or only slightly surpass the margin of the scale ( +Fig. 40 +), the number of ribs and degree of pigmentation varies considerably across the nota but no scales with wide spacings observed. Both ventral and dorsal surfaces with scales with pigmented ribs although this is generally less on the ventral surface; scales of legs can be quite dark. Scales found on top of head, on scape and pedicel, on mandibles, on second and third articles of maxillary palp, all nota, all thoracic sterna, legs (except for trochanter and distal three articles of tarsi), all urotergites and urosternites, styli, medial filament and cerci, those on the terminal filaments hyaline. + + +Head +: ( +Fig. 41 +) wider than long. Frons with 1+1 not very dense bushes of macrochaetae aligned in subparallel curved rows on the antero-lateral corners separated by a medial gap. Along the margins posterior to these bushes is a very small gap in the row of macrochaetae along the margin above the antennal bases after which there is another bush of pectinate macrochaetae extending towards the barely isolated peri-antennal groups which consist of about 10 macrochaetae and a long thin trichobothrium-like seta; posterior to these the marginal macrochaetae rows extend to the eyes about two wide with about six macrochaetae above the eyes ending in a group of three or four strong macrochaetae near the posterior margin of the head; sides of head posteriorly with usual long thin trichobothrium-like seta. Clypeus with 1+1 dense bushes of about 50 slightly thinner pectinate macrochaetae as well as a few curved setae laterally. Labrum also with 1+1 dense bushes of about 35 pectinate macrochaetae; face of labrum with scattered simple curved setae and at least one longer thin apically bifurcate seta. Eyes dark chestnut brown. — Antennae probably shorter than H+B, scape ( +Fig. 42 +) quite long with scales over surface and a preapical ring of numerous setae; pedicel also with scales, with preapical ring of simple setae and cilia, with a second incomplete ring of smaller setae below this and a few small additional setae on the inner face; first annulus/interval of flagellum with only a few setae in a ring with a subapical ring of simple setae; next annulus with a single ring of simple setae and two trichobothria; subsequent intervals with single ring of setae and two trichobothria with some cilia appearing by the fifth interval. Further intervals of flagellum poorly preserved on slides, becoming quite shrunken, however circular areas that may be poculiform sensilla may be present. The dark pigment also obscures observation of sensilla, but some circular and basiconic sensilla type B were seen. — Mandibles ( +Fig. 43 +) typical for + +Acrotelsella + +with well-developed molar and incisor areas; a group of about seven strong apically bifurcated but simple setae distally adjacent to the pectinate molar area and a bush of about 60 pectinate macrochaetae externally as well as scattered simple setae and scales. — Maxilla ( +Fig. 44 +) with two thick minutely apically bifurcated but otherwise smooth macrochaetae and a smaller apically bifurcate seta externally proximal to the palp, the lacinia with three strong teeth, one set further back than the other two, followed by 5–7 lamellate processes and a row of just 3–4 thin simple or apically slightly bifurcate setae, galea distinctly longer than lacinia with about 4–5 smooth, simple or apically bifurcate setae externally in its basal half and a few setulae or cilia distally; maxillary palp not particularly long and thin, apical article ( +Fig. 45 +) 4–5 times longer than wide and a bit longer than the penultimate article (range 1.0–1.3) which is 0.7 times as long as the third and longest article, the ultimate article with at least one basiconic sensillum type B and +two type +C, and possibly a circular sensillum although this was very indistinct and may be an artefact, last three articles of palp with fine setae, basal article with ring of thicker setae, second article also with subapical ring of slightly thicker setae. — Labium ( +Fig. 46 +) short and broad, postmentum with transverse row of simple setae, prementum with transverse and oblique rows of short strong setae, apically with long curved setulae; labial palp short, apical article subrectangular ( +Fig. 47 +), about as long as wide (0.94–1.07) with seven papillae of compact type arranged in a single curved row near the outer margin, these papillae were difficult to see in the +holotype +and +paratype +NMV T-22587 due to the high degree of pigmentation in this and penultimate articles, but were clearly distinguished in the +paratype +K.377968; no basiconic sensilla were seen but this may also be an artefact of the pigmentation (only one ultimate article of the +holotype +was preserved and those of +paratype +NMV T-22587 were too shrivelled to examine), surface covered with numerous fine setae as well as longer fine setae. + + +Thorax +: Pronotum ( +Fig. 48 +) with setal collar about two to three macrochaetae wide plus cilia and setulae, without gap medially; lateral margins with stronger subtly pectinate as well as smaller setae and some cilia along the margin, with eight combs of 1–3 macrochaetae along each margin. Two open trichobothrial areas; the anterior trichobothrial area 0.39–0.44 along the margin and associated with comb N-3, the comb composed of only a single macrochaeta with the trichobothrium between the macrochaeta and the margin; all combs associated with a few setulae; the posterior trichobothrial area is located 0.77–0.79 along the margin and is associated with the last comb (N), this comb composed of two macrochaetae with the trichobothrium at the mediad end and a cilium at the laterad end. Posterior margin with 1+1 combs of 6–8 macrochaetae ( +Fig. 49 +) associated with several setulae between the comb and the margin and a cilium at each end; the combs not widely situated with the gap between them only 43–44% of the width of the pronotum. — Mesonotum ( +Fig. 50 +) with lateral chaetotaxy similar to pronotum with nine combs of 1–3 macrochaetae, the anterior trichobothrial area located 0.57–0.61 along the lateral margin associated with comb N-2 composed of two macrochaetae with the trichobothrium located between the macrochaetae and the margin, with one to three setulae posterior to the comb and a cilium between the trichobothrium and the margin. Posterior trichobothrial area slightly more posterior than that on the pronotum (0.83–0.87 along margin), the trichobothrium located mediad to the comb of just one macrochaeta and with one to four setulae posterior to the comb. Posterior margin with quite laterad 1+1 combs of eight macrochaetae with cilia at each end and several setula or small setae between the comb and the margin. — Metanotum ( +Fig. 51 +) similar to mesonotum with eight combs of one to three macrochaetae, the anterior trichobothrial area located 0.71–0.78 along the margin associated with comb N-1 of 1–2 macrochaetae, the posterior trichobothrial area associated with the most posterior comb of only one macrochaeta and the posterior 1+1 combs each of eight macrochaetae with a cilium at each end and several setulae or small setae between the comb and the margin. + + + +Figure 36 +. + +Acrotelsella albicaudata + +sp. nov. +, Murray Sunset N.P. + + + +Presternum narrow, with single transverse row of subtly pectinate setae ( +Fig. 52 +). — Prothoracic sternum ( +Fig. 52 +) 0.94 times as long as wide at its base, parabolic, slightly truncate and glabrous apically, antero-lateral corners with fields of about 6–9 large simple small setae, posterior three quarters of lateral margins with fringe of strong setae and some cilia as well as 6+6 or 6+7 combs each composed of 3–9 pectinate macrochaetae with the macrochaetae somewhat irregularly arranged. — Mesosternum ( +Fig. 53 +) about as long as wide at its base (L/ +W 1.02 +–1.05) and a little longer than prosternum (1.2 times as long) without setae in the anterolateral corners, simple setae along the posterior quarter of the margin and 2+2 or 2+3 combs and 1+1 single pectinate macrochaetae distally, both sets of combs composed of 6–9 pectinate macrochaetae plus a few posterior setulae. — Metasternum ( +Fig. 54 +) a little shorter and wider than the mesosternum (L/ +W 0.82 +–0.83), slightly pentangular in shape, apically glabrous with marginal setae and cilia along distal ¼ of lateral margins, with 2+2 combs of pectinate macrochaetae of 4–7 macrochaetae arranged in single but slightly irregular rows and occasionally with 1+1 single submarginal macrochaetae (absent from K.377968) more distally. + + + +Figures 37–47 +. + +Acrotelsella albicaudata + +sp. nov. +holotype ♂ ( +37 +) long pectinate supra-ocular macrochaeta; ( +38 +) distal inferior macrochaeta of tibia; ( +39 +) marginal macrochaeta of pronotum; ( +40 +) darker dorsal scale; ( +41 +) head (cross-hatched area obscured by eye pigment); ( +42 +) antenna, scape, pedicel and basal intervals of flagellum; ( +43 +) mandible; ( +44 +) maxilla; ( +45 +) idem, apex of ultimate article of palp, showing the location of the sensilla; ( +46 +) labium; ( +47 +) idem, ultimate article of palp. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Legs fairly robust, tibia L/W ratio of legs PI 2.5 (range 2.3–2.7), PII 2.4 (range 2.2–2.7), PIII 3.4 (range 3.3–3.8); tarsi L/W ratio PI 6.3 (5.0–7.0), PII 7.1 (range 6.7–7.5), PIII 7.8 (range 7.3–8.1). PI ( +Fig. 52 +) with a row of about six pectinate macrochaetae laterally on the distal margin of the precoxa. Coxa with scales and a group of about twelve macrochaetae on the anterolateral corners followed by a field of strong pectinate macrochaetae about 2–3 macrochaetae wide along the external margin; inner margin with six tapered slightly pectinate macrochaetae and three or four smooth strong setae distally over the articulation as well as some smaller setae along the distal margin. Trochanter with a single fine pectinate macrochaeta as well as several fine setae and cilia. Femur posteriorly with six (?) strong pectinate macrochaetae as well as a few small setae and cilia, in addition to three strong macrochaetae on the dorsal surface towards the distal end over the articulation. Tibia of PI with about five or six stout, carrot-shaped, pectinate macrochaetae along the ventral margin as well as three smaller macrochaetae on the dorsal margin and a few smooth setae over the articulation, the usual apical spur with only a few setae. Tarsi with four articles, the basal article of PI about half the total length of the tarsus, its join with the next article not particularly oblique, the surface of all tarsal articles with numerous simple setae. Pretarsus with two long curved lateral claws and a shorter curved medial claw. PII ( +Fig. 53 +) and PIII ( +Fig. 54 +) similar to PI except the antero-lateral groups of macrochaetae on the coxa absent; legs progressively longer from PI to PIII (tibia PI/PIII 0.57–0.65, tarsus PI/PIII 0.69–0.75) and the relative length of the basal tarsal article is progressively longer, being about three quarters of the total length on PIII, the last two articles are quite short and the suture between them almost indistinguishable on the +holotype +. + + + +Figures 48–53 +. + +Acrotelsella albicaudata + +sp. nov. +holotype ♂ ( +48 +) pronotum, left half; ( +49 +) idem, right posterior comb; ( +50 +) mesonotum, left side; ( +51 +) metanotum, left side: ( +52 +) presternum, prothoracic sternum and PI; ( +53 +) mesothoracic sternum and PII. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 54–60 +. + +Acrotelsella albicaudata + +sp. nov. +holotype ♂ ( +54 +) metathoracic sternum and PIII; ( +55 +) urotergite V; ( +56 +) urotergite III, left lateral comb; ( +57 +) idem, left sublateral comb; ( +58 +) idem, left submedial comb; ( +59 +) urotergite X; ( +60 +) right sublateral comb of urosternite IV. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Abdomen +: Urotergite I with 1+1 lateral combs of 3–6 macrochaetae each associated with a cilium at either end, 2–4 small marginal setae and 2–3 setulae between the comb and the margin, urotergites II–VII ( +Figs 55–58 +) with 3+3 combs of macrochaetae as in +Table 4 +, the lateral and submedial combs each with a cilium at each end, the sublateral combs with just a single cilium at the mediad end, urotergite VIII with 2+2 combs (lacking the sublateral), urotergite IX glabrous; all combs with 1–6 small as well as 3–5 setulae between the comb and the margin. — Urotergite X ( +Fig. 59 +) acutely triangular (57° in K.377968, 64° in +holotype +but wider 99° in K.261327 but this looks deformed and therefore probably not representative, urotergite lost during dissection of NMV T-22587), wider at base than long (L/ +W 0.56 +) with many setae along entire margin both above and below (all lost on +holotype +), and 3+3 combs of three to five macrochaetae per comb (all macrochaetae lost) as well as several setulae posterior to each comb and a cilium at the mediad end. + + +Urosternite I and II glabrous with the posterior margin of urosternite I protruding a little in the middle, urosternites III–VII with 1+1 lateral combs of 11–16 pectinate macrochaetae ( +Fig. 60 +) each with 4–6 marginal setae and a few setulae between the comb and the margin as well as a cilium at the laterad end of each comb only. The distance between the lateral combs 3.1–4.4 times the average width of these combs, the ratio being largest on urosternite IV and decreasing posteriorly. Only one pair of styli present in both sexes. + + + +Table 4 +. Number of macrochaetae per bristle comb — + +Acrotelsella albicaudata + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
segmenturotergiteurosternite
lateralsublateralsubmedial
I3–6———
II4–63–53–8—
III4–73–64–811–14
IV4–72–63–811–15
V4–83–52–811–14
VI4–83–53–811–16
VII4–83–53–811–14
VIII4–8—4–713
IX————
+ + + +Figures 61–66 +. + +Acrotelsella albicaudata + +sp. nov. +holotype ♂ unless otherwise indicated with specimen number ( +61 +) coxites VIII and IX and ovipositor of female; ( +62 +) idem, apex of gonapophyses; ( +63 +) base of cerci and medial filament; ( +64 +) cercus, most distal surviving divisions; ( +65 +) medial filament, most distal surviving division; ( +66 +) urosternite VIII and coxites IX with penis and stylus IX (NMV T-22587). Scale bars = 0.1 mm. + + + +Genital region of +♀ +as in +Figure 61 +. Styli short with robust setae apically and along the length of each stylus. Coxites VIII with long combs of 12 macrochaetae and a lesser number of setulae and marginal setae, the coxites with almost square inner corners but rounded near the angle. Coxites IX with short, wide, round internal process, about 1.5 times longer than wide at its base and only 3–4 times longer than the short pointed external process, the inner processes just reaching the apex of the ovipositor; outer process with a few setae externally, inner process with several long smooth setae along the outer margins as well as finer setae or setulae and many scales, inner margin of process with setae insertions and some small setae. — Ovipositor ( +Figs 61, 62 +) short, about equal to HW, only just attaining the apex of the short internal processes of coxites IX, both pairs of gonapophyses with very long basal divisions then quite short divisions, about 15–16 divisions in total; of the secondary +type +, the posterior gonapophyses with three conules apically, the posterior gonapophyses with a single conule. + + +The contrast in pigment levels between the quite dark anal region, including the sharp horn-like paraprocts and epiproct and the unpigmented terminal filaments is quite striking. Cerci ( +Figs 63, 64 +) first division with some small trichobothria and small setae, following two basal divisions much shorter than wide, each with a single ring of setae and trichobothria, divisions four and five somewhat longer but still shorter than wide with two rings, the most basal with trichobothria and probably scales and small setae, the most dorsal ring with larger setae, cilia and macrochaetae on the dorsal and outer margins, divisions six and seven longer than wide with an inconspicuous medial ring of insertions which appear to be mostly scales, the basal ring with setae, trichobothria and scales, the distal with larger setae, cilia and macrochaetae; most distal surviving divisions (thirteenth) with four subdivisions each with two annuli, each annulus with a ring of chaetotaxy, the most distal ring of large macrochaetae and cilia also with a ring of setae proximal to it; trichobothria appear restricted to the third most distal subdivision, long cilia at the distal end of the second, and third subdivisions; hyaline scales are present on these distal divisions although difficult to distinguish. — Median dorsal appendage ( +Figures 63, 65 +), first division very short, glabrous, following division with two rings of fine setae and trichobothria, divisions three and four a little shorter than two, each with a single ring of fine setae and trichobothria, fifth division with two rings, the most basal with scattered trichobothria, scales and a fine seta, the most distal with trichobothria, cilia and long fine setae, division with two rings, the most basal with setae and scales, the most distal with stronger as well as some fine setae, long cilia and trichobothria, division seven with three rings, the middle one appearing to be only scales; most distal surviving divisions (about half length) formed of four annuli, each annulus with two rings of chaetotaxy; trichobothria present on the basal and third annuli, long cilia distally on the second and ultimate annulus; hyaline scales present on the basal ring of some annuli. + + +Coxite VIII in +♂ +entire ( +Fig. 66 +) with 1+1 combs of 13 macrochaetae, with a cilium at the laterad end, as well as about six marginal setae and several setulae, the posterior margin similar to other urosternites. Coxites IX in +♂ +separated each side with a long smooth macrochaeta (about ¾ the length of the internal process) mediad to the base of the stylus. External and internal margins of internal process with many moderately strong setae and macrochaetae. Outer process small triangular with several stout pectinate setae along the outer margin. Penis typical with numerous glandular setae apically, each set on a protuberance. Parameres absent. + + +Habitat +. Collected in dry leaf litter on sandy substrate. + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named + +albicaudata + +for its striking white tail filaments. + + + + +Remarks + + +The new species has several characters which place it closer to + +Hemitelsella +species. + +It has only a single pair of styli, the internal processes of coxites IX in the female are short and rounded. The processes of coxites IX however lack transverse combs and the setae of the tarsi lack the rounded tips. Furthermore, the bushes on the head are stronger than those of + +Hemitelsella +species + +and more like those in + +Acrotelsella + +and the anterior trichobothrial areas of the pronotum are like + +Acrotelsella + +and associated with comb N-3 rather N-2. As mentioned above, this molecular clade including + +Acrotelsella + +, + +Hemitelsella + +and + +Qantelsella +species + +needs further investigation. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC515062FC9CB0B5FDA9FD8B.xml b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC515062FC9CB0B5FDA9FD8B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b685eb7da94 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC515062FC9CB0B5FDA9FD8B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1158 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Onthophagus pexatus Species-group, with Description of a New Brachypterous Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Runagall-Mcnaull, Aidan + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +131 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 +2201-4349 +13228969 +364EB32F-A79D-41E4-BFCF-F28142C2D51B + + + + + + + +Onthophagus pexatus +Harold, 1869 + + + + + + + +Figs 7–8 +, +12 +, +21–22 +, +28 +, +33 +, +40 +, +46–50 + + + + + + + +Onthophagus pexatus +Harold, 1869: 86 + + +; Blackburn, 1903: 269; + +Lea, 1923: 355 + +; Boucomont & Gillet, 1927: 214; + +Matthews, 1972: 209 + +; Cassis & Weir, 1992: 146; Monteith & Kenyon, 2011: 57; Reid +et al +., 2022. + + + + + +Material examined +( +60♂ +, +55♀ +). + +Australian Capital Territory + +: + +1♀ +/ +Tidbinbilla + +26.viii.1976 + +D McAlpine +( +AMS +) + +; + + +New South Wales + +: +2♀ +/ +Bogolong +[?, label handwritten] ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ 3k NW +Carrowbrook on Mt Royal Rd +‘ +Callicoma Hill’ +private land [ +32.271°S +151.288°E + +485 m + +] open grassy field + +5–15.i.2013 + +JR +Gollan +, +MB Ashcroft +, +K Turner +HVARCLP/ A191/1/T1/bait ( +dung baited pitfall trap +) ( +AMS +) + +; +19♂ +, +1♂ +*, + +8♀ +/ +Cathedral Rock +NP +30.4422°S +152.2797°E + +1349 m + +site 60 c2k from park entrance, burnt dry scler forest, macropod dung baited +pitfall + +22–23.ii.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull ( +AMS +) + +; + +2♂ +, +4♀ +/ +Cathedral Rock +NP +30.4416°S +152.2790°E + +1347 m + +site 61 c2k from park entrance, burnt dry scler/open heath,macropod dung baited +pitfall + +22–23.ii.2021 + +Reid +&Runagall-McNaull ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +Culoul Range +, nr +Putty +, pollinating + +Typhonium brownii +? +Ii.1967 +AN Dodd (AMS) + + +; + +1♀ +/ +Goulburn +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +Hartley Vale +, +Blue Mtns +, open forest at wombat dung, + +11.x.2002 + +, +B Day +& +D McAlpine +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +Jenolan SF + +20.iv.1973 + +DA +Doolan +( +AMS +) + +; + +2♀ +/ +Lake Eucumbene +, lake surface, + +8.ix.1972 + +R +Farragher +( +AMS +) + +; +1♂ +, +1♂ +*, + +1♀ +/ ‘ +Dairy Park’ + +7.2 km +SE Mandurama + +33.70083°S +149.13412°E +pitfall trap +DAPA-LH-2 + +8–22.xii.2011 + +G Kay +& +D Florance +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ ‘ +Mandurama’ + +7.2 km +SE Mandurama + +33.70318°S +149.13646°E +pitfall trap +JROW-LH1-3 + +8–22. xii.2011 + +G Kay +& +D Florance +( +AMS +) + +; + +2♀ +/ ‘ +Red Hill’ + +11.5 km +SE Molong + +33.16933°S +148.97742°E +pitfall trap +JTUX-GE-4 + +8–22.xii.2011 + +G Kay +& +D Florance +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +Mt Coricudgy + +29.ix.1983 + +G +Hangay +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +*/ +Mt Hyland +NR +30.1757°S +152.4153°E + +1265 m + +site 55 summit track, burnt closed dry scler forest, macropod dung baited +pitfall + +20–21.ii.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull ( +AMS +) + +; + +2♂ +/ +Mt Hyland +NR +30.1753°S +152.4125°E + +1254 m + +site 56 base of summit track, burnt grassy clearing in dry scler forest, macropod dung baited +pitfall + +21–22.ii.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +Mt Hyland +NR +30.1748°S +152.4119°E + +1252 m + +site 57 base of summit track, burnt grassy clearing in dry scler forest, macropod dung baited +pitfall + +21–22.ii.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +, +4♀ +/ +Nullo Mtn SF +, c8k +SE Cox’s Ck +[ +32.763°S +150.196°E + +785 m + +], undisturbed rainforest gully, + +6–16.i.2013 + +JR +Gollan +, MB +Ashcroft +,K +Turner +HVARCLP/A050/1–3/ T1/bait ( +dung baited pitfall trap +) ( +AMS +) + +; +12♂ +, +1♂ +*, + +4♀ +/ +Penrose +SF + +22.iv.1972 + +DADoolan ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +, ditto except + +6.v.1972 + +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +Putty SF + +4–14.i.2013 + +JR Gollan +, MB +Ashcroft +, K +Turner +HVARCLP/A008/2/T1/ bait ( +dung baited pitfall trap +) ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +Putty SF + +4–14.i.2013 + +JR Gollan +, MB +Ashcroft +, K +Turner +HVARCLP/A007/2/T1/bait ( +dung baited pitfall trap +) ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +Tallong + +26.ii.1971 + +RH Mulder +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +, +1♀ +/ +Tamworth +, private prop. W side of top of +Bald Hill +behind radio tower +31°04'33"S +150°57'24"E + +15.xi – 6.xii.2001 + +H Doherty +& +M Elliott +NDNW1/060/04 ( +pit trap +) ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +Tweed River +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +, +1♀ +/ [c2.5k +E Wanganui +33.022°S +149.956°E + +1050 m + +] open grassy field grazed by livestock 2k SE end of +Vulcan Rd +‘ +Cubby House’ +private land, + +6–16.i.2013 + +JR Gollan +, MB +Ashcroft +, K +Turner +HVARCLP/A057/1/T1/bait ( +dung baited pitfall trap +) ( +AMS +) + +; + +3♀ +/ +Warrumbungle Mtns + +22.xi.1972 + +DA Doolan +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +, +3♀ +/ +Warrumbungle Mtns + +3.x.1979 + +DA Doolan + +; +2♂ +, +1♂ +*, + +4♀ +/ +Wollemi NP +, scattered trees + +700 m + +from +Thompson’s Rd +, 2k +N of Milbrodale +, + +5–15.i.2013 + +JR +Gollan +, MB +Ashcroft +, K +Turner +HVARCLP/A263/1-3/T1/bait ( +dung baited pitfall trap +) ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +*/ +Wombeyan Caves + +9.v.2001 + +BJ & +CJ Day +in wombat dung ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +*/ [Woolomin] crown res. 0.9k along rd to +Woolomin +rubbish tip, + +100 m + +E of rd, +31°18'05"S +151°9'20"E +, + +24.xi–15. xii.2001 + +L Wilkie +, +H Doherty +, +H Smith +& +M Elliott +NDNW1/057/C2 (pittrap) ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ ‘ +Talong’ + +9 km +S Wyangala + +- +34.05366°S +148.93733°E +pitfall trap +SLAV-S-2 + +8–22.xii.2011 + +G Kay +& +D Florance +( +AMS +) + +; + + +Victoria +: + +2♀ +/ +Melbourne +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +*/ +Tallangatta Valley +site 41 + +15.iv.2009 + +per +Belinda Pearce +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +, +1♀ +/ +Yallook Vale +( +AMS +) + +. + + + +Figures 25–29 +. + +Onthophagus +species + +, venter of right metafemur. ( +25 +) + +O. bulga + +sp. nov. +; ( +26 +) + +O. longipes +Paulian + +; ( +27 +) + +O. nammuldi +Matthews + +; ( +28 +) + +O. pexatus +Harold + +; ( +29 +) + +O. squalidus +Lea. + + + + +Additional records +(not included in +Matthews, 1972 +). + +Australian Capital Territory + +: 1/ 6k W Hall ( +ANIC +); 4k N Pialligo ( +ANIC +); 1/ Shepherd’s Lookout ( +ANIC +); + +New South Wales + +: 1/ 13k N Bombala ( +ANIC +); 1/ Canyon Leigh ( +ANIC +); 15/ W end Coolah Tops ( +QMB +); 3/ 7K WNW Hoskinstown ( +ANIC +); 1/ 2k NNW Jerangle ( +ANIC +); 1/ 17k N Molong ( +ANIC +); 1/ 4k NE Mt Wog Wog ( +ANIC +); 1/ Tuglo HS ( +ANIC +); 7/ Wyangala Dam ( +QMB +); + +Queensland + +: 16/ 5k & +9 km +NE Allies Creek ( +QMB +); 1/ Bald Mtn ( +QDAF +); 4/ Isla Gorge NP ( +QMB +); 3/Moolayember Creek NP ( +QMB +); 3/ 8.5k SW Mt Hutton ( +QMB +); 2/ Mt Norman ( +QDAF +); 7/ Oak Wells HS ( +QMB +); 22/ Wonga Hills HS ( +QMB +); + +Victoria + +: 1/ 36K W Bairnsdale ( +ANIC +). + + + + +Figures 30–34 +. + +Onthophagus +species + +, left protibia. ( +30 +) + +O. bulga + +sp. nov. +; ( +31 +) + +O. longipes +Paulian + +; ( +32 +) + +O. nammuldi +Matthews + +; ( +33 +) + +O. pexatus +Harold + +; ( +34 +) + +O. squalidus +Lea. + + + + + +Redescription +. Mature specimens dorsally dull grey-black, with or without reddish spot at base of 6th elytral interval, antennae reddish-brown, with dark grey to black clubs; teneral specimens with sides and apex of elytra reddish; densely microreticulate, with shiny less microsculptured anterior third of clypeus and legs, usually also shiny striae. Length, male +4.5–6 mm +; female +4–7 mm +. + + +Male +. Head ( +Fig. 21 +). Surface dull and densely microreticulate, except shiny apical third of clypeus and margins, sparsely and finely punctured, covered with slightly curved long setae (abraded in most specimens). Clypeus not produced, margins narrowly reflexed, apex shallowly excavate with sides of excavation rounded, side margins slightly rounded; clypeal suture entirely effaced at frontal portion, genal portions present and raised; frons medially depressed, with or without feebly developed dull transverse ridges; eyes narrow, 5–6 facet rows in width, separated by 14–17 eye widths, canthus complete, closed by dorsal width of eye; apex of mentum shallowly excavate. + + +Thorax ( +Figs 7–8 +, +12 +, +28 +, +33 +). Pronotum. Moderately convex, slightly narrower than elytra, without anteromedian swelling, disc usually evenly convex, but may be feebly depressed along midline in posterior third; surface smooth, entirely strongly and densely microreticulate, with scattered moderately large shallow punctures separated by 1–3× diameters, each with short semi-recumbent seta; anterior angles 80–90°; anterior margined, sides evenly margined without small setose punctures, base with or without raised edge; pronotal hypomeron dull and densely microsculptured throughout, finely punctured on outer half, punctures sparse with long erect setae. Elytra. Semi-ovate in dorsal view, with prominent humeri and preapical swelling, longer than pronotum along midline; dull and densely microreticulate, except striae and apical third of suture usually shinier; intervals flat, except a few specimens with minute shiny tubercles on anterior half of inner intervals; intervals with scattered small punctures and semi-recumbent setae, forming one to two loosely defined rows when viewed longitudinally, setae of outermost interval longer, scattered, their punctures larger; strial punctures faint, slightly broader than striae; epipleura with single row of curved setae. Metaventrite entirely shallowly microreticulate but medially shinier, shallowly convex with scattered long setae, but midline grooved; wing fully developed, folded twice in repose. Legs. Protibiae slightly elongated and narrowed but with large triangular lateral teeth, inner apical angle with dense but broad tuft of yellow setae about twice length of apical spur; distal face of apical tooth with loose sparse tuft of yellow setae about as long as apical spur, 4th (smallest) lateral tooth in basal half; metafemoral ventral surface smooth and mostly shiny, weakly microreticulate, with scattered large and small punctures, separated by 2–6 diameters. + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 40 +). Ventrites dull, densely microreticulate, obscuring puncturation, each with single transverse row of erect pale setae; pygidium convex, densely and evenly microreticulate except shiny raised margins, punctures distinct or obscured by microreticulation, sparse, separated by>5 diameters, setae semi-recumbent, long and thin, length>10× width. + + + +Figures 35–36 +. + +Onthophagus bulga + +sp. nov. +, wing and metaventrite. + + + + +Figures 37–41 +. + +Onthophagus +species + +, pygidium. ( +37 +) + +O. bulga + +sp. nov. +; ( +38 +) + +O. longipes +Paulian + +; ( +39 +) + +O. nammuldi +Matthews + +; ( +40 +) + +O. pexatus +Harold + +; ( +41 +) + +O. squalidus +Lea. + + + + + +Figures 42–48 +. + +Onthophagus +species + +, aedeagus, lateral. ( +42 +) + +O. bulga + +sp. nov. +; ( +43 +) + +O. longipes +Paulian + +; ( +44 +) + +O. nammuldi +Matthews + +; ( +45 +) + +O. squalidus +Lea + +; ( +46 +) + +O. pexatus, +Dairy Park, NSW + +; ( +47 +) + +O. pexatus, +Wombeyan Caves, NSW + +; ( +48 +) + +O. pexatus, +Woolomin, NSW. + + + + +Aedeagus ( +Figs 46–50 +). In lateral view, parameres elongated but strongly deflexed, each with flat oval tip. + + +Female +. Head ( +Fig. 22 +). Similar to male except transverse clypeal sutural ridge present, elevated in middle, reaching genal sutures or effaced before them; clypeus and anterior half of genae shiny, frons dull, frons usually slightly more strongly and closely punctured; pronotum often slightly narrower relative to elytra; protibiae short and straight, with large lateral teeth as male. + + +Notes +. + +Matthews’ redescription was based on +375 males +and females, including the female +lectotype +( +Cassis +& +Weir +, 1992), noting that the species was widespread from Adelaide (type locality) to Melbourne and from there to the +Queensland +border. More recent collecting, noted above, extends the distribution well into +Queensland +, but the tropical Australian records in the +Atlas of Living +Australia +represent mislabelled or erroneously databased old material. Our material conforms to Matthews’ description except that the eyes are slightly more variable in size, the head is covered in setae in freshly emerged specimens, setal punctures on the elytra may have raised shiny rims and the 6th elytral interval often has doubled setae on its basal half + +. + + +The parameres of this species show some variation in size and shape of the apices, from large and robust, with broad apical flanges ( +Figs 46 +, +49 +) to small and delicate with weakly developed flanges ( +Figs 47–48 +, +50 +). +One specimen +of the second +type +is small ( +4.8 mm +long) and worn and its head is more strongly punctured than any other males, but the feeble head ridges and all other characteristics of + +O. pexatus + +are present. For now we consider it a minor male. Specimens with the larger paramere apices also show some variation in their shape, also without obvious relationship to external variation, so our conclusion is that this is simply a variable species. + + +Many sites recorded here are in open grassland, woodland, or clearings in dry sclerophyll forest, habitat regarded as typical of this species ( +Matthews, 1972 +). Some occurrences in closed forest may be due to recent fires at the sites, opening up their canopies (Reid +et al., +2022). However, it also occurs in closed forest, for example in a rainforest gully, Nullo Mountain. + +Onthophagus pexatus + +is also known to be attracted to inflorescences of the lily + +Typhonium + +, a rainforest plant which is pollinated by +Coleoptera +and Diptera, by mimicking the scent of dung (Sayers +et al., +2020). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC535066FF54B56EFF43F854.xml b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC535066FF54B56EFF43F854.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..425c54a7626 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC535066FF54B56EFF43F854.xml @@ -0,0 +1,240 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Onthophagus pexatus Species-group, with Description of a New Brachypterous Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Runagall-Mcnaull, Aidan + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +131 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 +2201-4349 +13228969 +364EB32F-A79D-41E4-BFCF-F28142C2D51B + + + + + + + +Onthophagus nammuldi +Matthews, 1972 + + + + + + + +Figs 5–6 +, +19–20 +, +27 +, +32 +, +39 +, +44 + + + + + + + +Onthophagus nammuldi +Matthews, 1972: 208 + + +; Cassis & Weir, 1992: 143; Monteith & Kenyon, 2011: 57. + + + + + +Material examined +( +3♂ +, +3♀ +). + +New South Wales + +: +1♂ +*, +2♂ +, +3♀ +/ + +Gerroa + +105 km +S Sydney + +34°46'S +150°48'E +[ +Seven Mile Beach +NP +] forest, sand, +pitfall +, excrem. + +21–22.iii.2013 + +C Rojewski +( +AMS +) + +. + + + + +Redescription +. Mature specimens dorsally dull grey-black, with or without reddish spot at apex of 6th elytral interval and with reddish spots at sides of apical abdominal tergites, antennae reddish-brown, with blackish-brown to dark grey clubs; densely microreticulate, with shiny less microsculptured anterior third of clypeus, frontal ridges and legs, usually also shiny striae. Length, male +5–6 mm +; female +5–6 mm +. + + +Male +. Head ( +Fig. 19 +). Surface dull and densely microreticulate, except shiny apical third of clypeus and margins, closely and strongly punctured, covered with erect long setae (may be abraded). Clypeus not produced, margins reflexed, apex arcuately excavate with sides of excavation rounded or feebly angulate, side margins slightly rounded; clypeal suture entirely effaced at frontal portion, genal portions present and raised; frons with pair of shiny transverse ridges which may meet at middle; eyes narrow, 5–6 facet rows in width, separated by 12–14 eye widths, canthus complete, closed by dorsal width of eye; apex of mentum shallowly excavate. + + +Thorax ( +Figs 5–6 +, +27 +, +32 +). Pronotum. Moderately convex, slightly narrower than elytra, without anteromedian swelling but midline slightly raised in anterior half and slightly depressed in posterior half; surface smooth, entirely strongly and densely microreticulate except shiny lateral margination, with scattered large shallow punctures separated by 1–2× diameters, each with conspicuous semi-erect seta; anterior angles 80–90°; anterior margined, sides evenly margined without small setose punctures, base without raised edge; pronotal hypomeron dull and densely microsculptured throughout, finely punctured, punctures sparse with long erect setae. Elytra. Semi-ovate in dorsal view, with prominent humeri and preapical swelling, longer than pronotum along midline. Dull and densely microreticulate, except apical half of suture shiny and striae usually shinier; intervals flat, except sparse small round shiny tubercles, forming one to two loosely defined rows when viewed longitudinally, tubercles with semi-erect long setae, setose tubercles of outermost interval scattered; strial punctures slightly broader than striae; epipleura with single row of curved setae. Metaventrite medially shiny, laterally (lateral to mesocoxae) dull and microreticulate, shallowly convex with scattered long setae, but midline grooved; wing fully developed, folded twice in repose. Legs. Protibiae slightly elongated and narrowed but with large triangular lateral teeth, inner apical angle with dense but apically spreading tuft of yellow setae about twice length of apical spur; distal face of apical tooth with loose sparse tuft of yellow setae about as long as apical spur, 4th (smallest) lateral tooth in basal half; metafemoral ventral surface smooth and mostly shiny, weakly microreticulate, with scattered large and small punctures, separated by 1–4 diameters. + + + +Figures 21–24 +. + +Onthophagus +species + +, head, male (left), and female (right), fresh specimens. ( +21, 22 +) + +O. pexatus +Harold + +; ( +23, 24 +) + +O. squalidus +Lea. + + + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 39 +). Ventrites dull, densely microreticulate, obscuring puncturation, each with single transverse row of erect pale setae; pygidium convex, densely and evenly microreticulate except shiny raised margins, punctures obscured by microreticulation and sparse, separated by>5 diameters, setae long and thin, length>10× width. + + +Aedeagus ( +Fig. 44 +). In lateral view, parameres elongated but strongly deflexed, each with flat oval tip. + + +Female +. Head ( +Fig. 20 +). Similar to male except transverse clypeal sutural ridge present, strongly elevated in middle, reaching genal sutures or effaced before them ( +1 specimen +); clypeus and anterior half of genae shiny, frons dull; protibiae short and straight, with large lateral teeth as male. + + +Notes +. Matthews’ description was based on +11 males +and females from one locality. The material examined here conforms to his description except that the male protibiae are elongated relative to the female and the pronotal punctures sometimes slightly closer. + + + +Onthophagus nammuldi + +is a rarely collected species, probably because it inhabits rarely sampled coastal forest. The specimens described here were collected in Bangalay Sand Forest, dominated by + +Eucalyptus botryoides + +, on old sand dune ridges (NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service, 1998). This coastal forest +type +is listed as an endangered community under the NSW Threatened Species Act (NSW Office of Environment & Heritage, 2022). + +Onthophagus nammuldi + +was originally described from Durras Lake, which has the same forest +type +(NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service, 2002). The two other expert identified records (Atlas of Living +Australia +, 2022) are from similar sites: Gerroa (the north end of Seven Mile National Park) and “ +8 km +ESE of Moruya”. The latter was collected by Murray Upton, who owned a property at +Congo +, +8 km +SE of Moruya, with Bangalay Sand Forest nearby in Eurobodalla National Park (NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service, 2000). There is thus strong evidence that + +O. nammuldi + +is a coastal forest specialist, strongly associated with the endangered Bangalay Sand Forest. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC55507DFF69B26FFB66FE01.xml b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC55507DFF69B26FFB66FE01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5299c535fe7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC55507DFF69B26FFB66FE01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,551 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Onthophagus pexatus Species-group, with Description of a New Brachypterous Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Runagall-Mcnaull, Aidan + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +131 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 +2201-4349 +13228969 +364EB32F-A79D-41E4-BFCF-F28142C2D51B + + + + + + + +Onthophagus squalidus +Lea, 1923 + + + + + + + +Figs 9–10 +, +23–24 +, +29 +, +34 +, +41 +, +45 + + + + + + + +Onthophagus squalidus +Lea, 1923: 390 + + +; Boucomont & Gillet, 1927: 216; + +Matthews, 1972: 211 + +; Cassis & Weir, 1992: 151; Monteith & Kenyon, 2011: 57; Reid +et al +., 2022. + + + + + +Material examined +( +9♂ +, +6♀ +). + +New South Wales + +: + +2♂ +/ +Boonoo Boonoo NP +, +28.7998°S +152.1859°E + +983 m + +Site +114 +Colongan Rd +, burnt tall dry scler., macropod dung baited +pitfall + +3–4.iv.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +*/ +Boorook SF +, 09AM +1 km +E of main rd +28°49'S +152°11'E + +900 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +( +AMS +) + +; + +2♀ +/ +Boyne SF +, jn +Windywoppa +& +Lookout Rds +, +35°36'28"S +150°12'28"E +, CBCR003-048 + +17.iii.1999 + +J +Tarnawski +& S +Lessau +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +Carrai SF +38AR +Fife +Fire Trail +, + +1.6 km +NE Fifies Knob Rd + +30°55'S +152°23'E + +670 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +Cathedral Rock NP +30.4416°S +152.2790°E + +1347 m + +site 61 c2k from park entrance, burnt dry scler/open heath, macropod dung baited +pitfall + +22–23.ii.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +, +1♀ +/ +Donaldson SF +28.3418°S +152.6693°E + +524 m + +Site +113 +Summerland Way +nr +Rabbit Fence +trail, burnt wet scler, macropod dung baited +pitfall + +2–3.iv.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +East Kunderang Trail +39AR + +2.1 km +E of West Kunderang Trail + +30°49'S +152°03'E + +845 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +Richmond Range SF +47A 04 +AR Goanna Ck Rd +, +28°36'S +152°41'E + +545 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M +Gray +G +Cassis +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +Sydney +[sic], +Francis Greenway HS +, leaflitter, cowpasture + +10.v.2001 + +, +Vacy +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +*/ +Upper Hunter River +, mature riparian strip, +Denman Vineyard +at +Denman +32°20'36"S +150°44'18"E +Denman S +1/2P +pit trap + +23.xi–9.xii.2004 + +J Gollan +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +, ditto except +Denman S +1/1 +YP yellow pan trap +( +AMS +) + +; + + +Victoria + +: +1♂ +*/ + +4 +miles + +W Melton + +3.ii.1974 + +PJ +Gullan +( +AMS +) + +. + + +Additional records +(not included in +Matthews, 1972 +). +Australian National Territory +: 1/ 6k NE Piccadilly Circus ( +ANIC +); + +New South Wales + +: 1/ Byrrill Ck ( +QMB +); 1/ Calosoma HS ( +ANIC +); 3/ W end Coolah Tops ( +QMB +); 1/ 2.5K W Minyon Falls ( +QMB +); 1/ 4k NE Mt Wog Wog ( +ANIC +); 1/ Styx R SF ( +ANIC +); 1/ Unumgar SF ( +ANIC +); + +Queensland + +: 1/ Belmont Hills ( +QMB +); 8/ Buhot Creek ( +QMB +); 1/ Bulimba Creek ( +QMB +); 1/ Burleigh Headland NP ( +QMB +); 2/ 14k & 21k SSW Canungra ( +QMB +); 1/ Levers Plateau ( +QMB +); 1/ Mt Cotton ( +QMB +); 1/ Mt Gannon ( +QMB +); 9/ Mt Huntley ( +QMB +); 1/ Mt +Superbus (QDAF) +; 8/ Passchendaele SF ( +QMB +); 2/ Sankeys Scrub ( +QMB +); 3/ 6k WNW Stanthorpe ( +QMB +); 1/ Tallebudgera Valley ( +QMB +); 7/ Vickerman Reserve ( +QMB +). + + + + +Redescription +. Mature specimens dull blackish-grey, head and pronotum shiner than duller and densely microsculptured elytra and pygidium; teneral (or recently emerged specimens) with reddish-brown elytral apices, sides of apical ventrites and legs; antennae reddish-brown, with orange to dark brown clubs. Length, male +4.5–7 mm +; female +4.5–6.5 mm +. + + +Male +. Head ( +Fig. 23 +). Surface smooth, shallowly microreticulate, dull to slightly shiny in basal half and shinier in apical half, with close punctures, separated by about 1× diameters at base becoming smaller and sparser towards apex, minute stubble on base of frons and short semi-erect setae on apex of clypeus. Clypeal apical margin uptilted, arcuately excavate, each side of excavation triangularly produced, side margins slightly rounded; clypeal suture entirely effaced at frontal portion, genal suture present (completely effaced on +one specimen +) but not raised; frons flat, without elevations, slightly medially depressed; eyes narrow, 5–7 facet rows in width, separated by 15–20 eye widths, canthus narrowly complete; mentum shallowly excavate at apex. + + +Thorax ( +Figs 9–10 +, +29 +, +34 +). Pronotum. Broad in large males (as wide as elytra), narrower and flatter in small males. Moderately convex, slightly tumid at middle of anterior slope in larger specimens; surface smooth, midline not obviously elevated or depressed, entirely strongly and closely punctured, punctures not ocellate, slightly elongate at middle, becoming rounder and larger towards sides, intervals shiny and not microreticulate, less than half diameter of punctures, and covered in dense short curved and thickened setae (lengths less than diameter of punctures); anterior angles 80–90°; anterior margined, sides margined and crenulate with curved short setae between crenulations, base with or without thin raised edge at middle; pronotal hypomeron dull and densely microsculptured, strongly punctured on outer half, punctures separated by 1–2 diameters, with elevated rims, increasing in diameter towards sides, outermost punctures with long semi-erect setae. Elytra. Semi-ovate in dorsal view, with prominent humeri and preapical swelling, longer than pronotum along midline. Surface including striae densely microreticulate and duller than pronotum, except numerous shiny tubercles on intervals and shiny apical half of sutural margins; all intervals flat except for distinct shiny tubercles, apex of 5th interval with irregular shiny area formed by coalesced tubercles, similar but much smaller patches may be present at apices of 3rd and 4th intervals; tubercles in 2–3 irregular rows in intervals 2–7, denser on outermost interval; each tubercle with minute short curved scale-like seta, not in distinct rows, outermost interval more densely setose; strial punctures weak, slightly broader and deeper than striae; epipleura with single row of curved setae. Metaventrite medially shiny, anteriorly and laterally (lateral to mesocoxae) dull and microreticulate, with scattered semi-recumbent setae on anterior half, anterior smoothly convex, midline grooved; wing fully developed, folded twice in repose. Legs. Protibiae elongated and narrowed, inner apical angle with compact dense tuft of yellow setae about twice length of apical spur; distal face of apical tooth with loose sparse tuft of yellow setae about as long as apical spur, 4th (smallest) lateral tooth at about midpoint; metafemoral ventral surface smooth and mostly shiny, distinctly microreticulate on apical third, almost evenly punctured with moderately large punctures separated by 1–3 diameters. + + + +Figures 49, 50 +. + +Onthophagus pexatus +Harold + +, apices of parameres. ( +49 +) Dairy Park, NSW; ( +50 +), Woolomin, NSW. + + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 41 +). Ventrites dull, densely microreticulate, obscuring puncturation, each with single transverse row of short semi-recumbent pale setae, set on shiny tubercles on ventrites 5–6; pygidium flat or almost so, densely and evenly microreticulate except shallowly microreticulate and shinier raised margins; punctures distinct or obscured by microsculpture, sparse, separated by 1–3 diameters; setae short and thick, length 5–8× width. + + +Aedeagus ( +Fig. 45 +). In lateral view, parameres “crested”, with an angular apico-dorsal elevation and prominent but short apico-ventral “beak”. + + +Female +. Head ( +Fig. 24 +). Sides more rounded, surface rougher than male, mostly shiny, smooth at base becoming transversely rugose on clypeus, with dense large punctures throughout; median depression of vertex not deeper than male; clypeal suture slightly elevated in frontal portion, effaced before reaching genal sutures, straight, genal sutures often slightly raised; pronotum slightly narrower than elytra; protibiae short and straight, with broad lateral teeth. + + +Minor male +( +one specimen +).As major male but genal sutures slightly elevated and protibiae short, without setal tufts. + + +Notes +. + +Matthews’ redescription was based on +172 males +and females, including 141 from a single locality (Canberra), and the female +holotype +from south +Queensland +. +He +recorded it along the coast and +Dividing Range +from +Victoria +to south +Queensland +. +The +material examined here fits within this range and conforms to +Matthews’ +description, except that he noted a slightly different size range ( +5–8 mm +long), the eyes are slightly more variable in size and the striae are distinctly but feebly punctured + +. + + + +Onthophagus squalidus + +appears to be tolerant of a wider range of habitats (Reid +et al., +2022) than indicated by Matthews, who regarded it as a woodland species. The sites recorded here vary from closed forest to open grassland. The species appears to be rare where it occurs in +New South Wales +, most records being singletons. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC59506BFF35B0B5FD62F84B.xml b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC59506BFF35B0B5FD62F84B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9afd69a6d0d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC59506BFF35B0B5FD62F84B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,591 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Onthophagus pexatus Species-group, with Description of a New Brachypterous Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Runagall-Mcnaull, Aidan + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +131 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 +2201-4349 +13228969 +364EB32F-A79D-41E4-BFCF-F28142C2D51B + + + + + + + +Onthophagus bulga + +sp. nov. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +8A982BFB-338E-4FD1-A3A6-54070555645D + + + + + +Figs 1–2 +, +11 +, +13–16 +, +25 +, +30 +, +35–37 +, +42 +, +51–54 + + + +Onthophagus +NSW + +4 Monteith & Kenyon, 2011: 57; Reid +et al +., 2022: 473. + + + + + + +Holotype + +♂ +/ NSW +Biriwal Bulga NP +31.5520°S +152.2395°E + +676 m + + +4–5.ii.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull AMNEF +Site +30 jn +Plan Trl +/ + + +Doyles +River + +Rd + +burnt dry scler[ophyll forest] macropod dung baited +pitfall +/ +Australian Museum K. +397166 + +/ +HOLOTYPE + +Onthophagus bulga +Reid + +& Runagall-McNaull, 2022/ AMS. + + +Paratypes + +(18) all labelled “ +Paratype + +Onthophagus bulga + +R & R-M. 2022”: +New South Wales + +: + +1♂ +/ +Biriwal Bulga NP +31.5520°S +152.2395°E + +676 m + + +4–5. ii.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull AMNEF +Site +30/ jn +Plan Trl +/ +Doyles River +Rd burnt dry scler macropod dung baited +pitfall +/ K.397167/ ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +David Bray +property +31.5063°S +152.2498°E + +489 m + + +5–6.ii.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull AMNEF +Site +35/ end of +Gilloglys Rd +burnt rainf margin macropod dung baited +pitfall +/ K.397163/ ( +AMS +) + +; + +4♀ +, identical labels except K.397161, K.397162, K.397164 or K.397165 ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ 38 +CG Fifes Knob Rd +, about +4 km +from +Fifes Fire Trail +30°54'S +152°22'E +Carrai SF +163A + +740 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4 Feb–9 Apr 1993 + +M +Gray +G +Cassis +/ K.397243/ ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ 38 +CM Fifes Knob Rd +, about +3 km +from +Fifes Fire Trail +30°54'S +152°22'E +Carrai SF +163A + +670 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4 Feb–9 Apr 1993 + +M +Gray +G +Cassis +/ K.397241/ ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +, identical labels except K.397242 ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ 38 +CR Fifes Knob Rd +, +2 km +from +Fifes Fire Trail +30°54'S +152°22'E +Carrai SF +163A + +800 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4 Feb–9 Apr 1993 + +M +Gray +G +Cassis +/ K.397244/ ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ 57AM +Grey Gums Forest +Rd +1.1 km +from +Doyles River +Rd +31°33'S +152°14'E +Bulga SF + +620 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4 Feb–9 Apr 1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +/ K.397239/ ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +, identical labels except K.397240 ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +*/ 57AG +Grey Gums Forest +Rd +2.1 km +from +Doyles River +Rd +31°33'S +152°14'E +Bulga SF + +560 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4 Feb–9 Apr 1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +/ K.397253/ ( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +Tirrill Ck +FR, +Bulga +SF, +31.5282°S +152.1399°E + +546 m + + +5–6.ii.2021 + +Reid +& Runagall-McNaull AMNEF +Site +31/ +Blue Mountain +Ck Rd +W of Tirrill Ck Xing +burnt wet scler. macropod dung baited +pitfall +/ K.397154/ ( +AMS +) + +; +1♂ +, +6♀ +, identical labels except K.397158 (male), K.397153, K.397155, K.397156, K.397157, K.397159, K.397160 minor + +♂ +/ +Walcha Survey +, +Cooplacurripa +, grassy forest +31°36'03"S +151°49'59"E +[ + +955 m + +] +Transect +18 HSQ OTB + +January 1993 + +Ian Oliver +/ K.397245/ ( +AMS +) + +. + + + + +Description +. Mature specimens entirely dull grey-black, usually matted with dirt (squalid) on pronotum, elytra and pygidium; fresh specimens with shiny and feebly microsculptured black head and pronotum, dull and densely microsculptured grey-black elytra, with shiny striae, and dull densely microsculptured grey-black pygidium; freshly emerged specimens usually teneral, with reddish elytral apices, venter, pygidium and legs; antennae yellowish-brown, clubs brown. Length, male +4–6 mm +; female +4.5–6 mm +. + + +Male +. Head ( +Figs 13, 15 +). Surface smooth, shiny, with dense large punctures at base becoming smaller and sparser towards apex, and minute stubble at sides of vertex and on genae. Clypeal apical margin uptilted, arcuately excavate with sides of excavation slightly produced (worn flat and almost truncate in old specimens), side margins slightly rounded; clypeal suture entirely effaced at frontal portion, genal portions present but not raised; frons flat, without elevations, slightly medially depressed in larger specimens; eyes narrow, 5–6 facet rows in width, separated by 17–20 eye widths, canthus complete, closed by dorsal width of eye; apex of mentum shallowly excavate. + + +Thorax ( +Figs 1–2 +, +11 +, +25 +, +30 +, +35–36 +). Pronotum. Broad in large males (as wide as elytra), narrower and flatter in small males. Strongly convex, slightly tumid at middle of anterior slope in larger specimens; surface smooth, entirely strongly and closely punctured, intervals shiny in fresh material but microreticulate, mostly less than half diameter of punctures, and covered in dense short semi-erect to strongly recurved setae; anterior angles 80–90°; anterior margined, sides margined and crenulate with curved short setae between crenulations, base without raised edge; pronotal hypomeron dull and densely microsculptured on outer half, strongly punctured, punctures separated by 1–2 diameters, with elevated rims, increasing in diameter towards sides, outermost punctures with long erect seta. Elytra. Almost circular in dorsal view, lacking humeral and preapical swellings, and short, length about equal to length of pronotum along midline. Dull and densely microreticulate, except apical half of suture shiny and striae shiny; intervals flat, with faintly raised lunate tubercles at bases of setae, tubercles more distinct on outermost interval, or all intervals with distinct lunate tubercles (northern specimens); intervals 1–7 with fairly dense erect short scale-like setae, not aligned in rows, outermost interval densely setose; strial punctures slightly broader than striae; metaventrite medially shiny, laterally (lateral to mesocoxae) dull and microreticulate, anterior smoothly convex with scattered long setae, midline of posterior half slightly depressed or grooved; wing narrow, with reduced venation, unfolded in repose and reaching only ¾ length of elytron. Legs. Protibiae elongated and narrowed, inner apical angle with compact dense tuft of yellow setae about twice length of apical spur; distal face of apical tooth with loose sparse tuft of yellow setae about as long as apical spur, 4th (smallest) lateral tooth at about midpoint; metafemoral ventral surface smooth and mostly shiny, weakly microreticulate, almost evenly punctured with moderately large punctures separated by 1–2 diameters. + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 37 +). Ventrites dull, densely microreticulate and slightly rugose, obscuring puncturation, each with single transverse row of erect pale setae; Pygidium weakly convex, densely and evenly microreticulate except shiny raised margins; punctures distinct but sparse, separated by 2–3 diameters; setae short, scale-like, length about 3× width. + + +Aedeagus ( +Fig. 46 +). In lateral view, parameres “crested”, with a rounded apico-dorsal elevation and prominent but short apico-ventral “beak”. + + +Female +. Head ( +Figs 14, 16 +). clypeal suture slightly elevated in frontal portion (faintly in worn specimens), sometimes effaced before reaching genal sutures, straight or slightly convex anteriorly; surface rougher than male, shiny, smooth at base becoming transversely rugose on clypeus, with dense large punctures throughout; pronotum slightly narrower than elytra and relatively flat, like small males; protibiae short and straight, with broad lateral teeth (often rounded due to wear). +Minor male +( +1 specimen +). Clypeal suture as male, clypeal surface as female, protibia as female. + + + + +Figures 1–4 +. ( +1, 2 +) + +Onthophagus bulga + +sp. nov. +, male, dorsal and lateral; ( +3, 4 +) + +O. longipes +Paulian + +, male, dorsal and lateral. + + + + +Figures 5–8 +. ( +5, 6 +) + +Onthophagus nammuldi +Matthews + +, male, dorsal & lateral; ( +7, 8 +) + +O. pexatus +Harold + +, male, dorsal and lateral. + + + + +Figures 9, 10 +. + +Onthophagus squalidus +Lea + +, male dorsal, lateral, and ventral. + + + + +Etymology +. The species name, +“bulga +”, a noun in apposition, means mountain in several eastern Australian languages including Biripi, one of the languages formerly used in the range of this species (Solling, 2014). Most of the material examined has been collected in Bulga State Forest or Biriwal Bulga National Park. + + +Notes +. + +Onthophagus bulga + +is endemic to the eastern hills and ranges of central northeast +New South Wales +, in a triangle of localities from Carrai in the north to Barakee and Biriwal- Bulga in the south ( +Fig. 54 +). Much of the area of occurrence is relatively remote and poorly surveyed forest; we therefore expect this species to occur at more sites in the region. + + +This species occurs in wet sclerophyll or dry sclerophyll forest ( +Figs 51–53 +), at mid or moderately high elevation ( +489–955 m +). + +Onthophagus bulga + +is clearly fire tolerant as all three sites in the 2021 survey where this species was trapped had been burnt in the 2019/2020 fires (Reid +et al., +2022). + + +In the 2021 survey, both macropod dung and button mushrooms were used as baits, however + +O. bulga + +was only collected in traps using the first (Reid +et al., +2022). This is not therefore a rarely collected species because of mycophily, such as members of the + +erichsoni + +species-group (Monteith & Rossini, 2017). + + + +Onthophagus bulga + +was formerly designated “ + +Onthophagus +NSW + +4” (Monteith & Kenyon, 2011; Reid +et al., +2022). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC5B506CFC4EB0E9FAC4FE92.xml b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC5B506CFC4EB0E9FAC4FE92.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7818f346c5f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC5B506CFC4EB0E9FAC4FE92.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Onthophagus pexatus Species-group, with Description of a New Brachypterous Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Runagall-Mcnaull, Aidan + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +131 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 +2201-4349 +13228969 +364EB32F-A79D-41E4-BFCF-F28142C2D51B + + + + + + + +Onthophagus +Latreille, 1802 + + + + + + + + +Type +species + + +Scarabaeus taurus +Schreber, 1759 + +by monotypy. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC5C5065FCA0B4AEFBEEF824.xml b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC5C5065FCA0B4AEFBEEF824.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..369bc528e9f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/42/4B/87/424B87F8EC5C5065FCA0B4AEFBEEF824.xml @@ -0,0 +1,492 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Onthophagus pexatus Species-group, with Description of a New Brachypterous Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Runagall-Mcnaull, Aidan + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2022 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2022-11-30 + + +74 + + +5 + + +131 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1821 +2201-4349 +13228969 +364EB32F-A79D-41E4-BFCF-F28142C2D51B + + + + + + + +Onthophagus longipes +Paulian, 1937 + + + + + + + +Figs 3–4 +, +17–18 +, +26 +, +31 +, +38 +, +43 + + + + + + +Onthophagus longipes +Paulian, 1937: 344 + +; + +Matthews, 1972: 212 + +; Williams & Williams, 1982: 44; Williams & Williams, 1983: 29; Cassis & Weir, 1992: 140; Monteith & Kenyon, 2011: 57. + + + + + +Material examined +( +5♂ +, +4♀ +). + +Australian Capital Territory + +: + +1♀ +/ +Lees Ck +[vic. +35°34'S +148°86'E, + +675 m + +], +pitfall + +10.iii.1979 + +( +AMS +) + +; + + +New South Wales + +: +1♀ +/ +Cathedral Rock NP +, +Barokee Swamp +, montane sphag. bog/ woodland + +1350 m + +yellow pans + +7.xii.1992 + +D Bickel +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +Enfield +SF 37BM +Daisy Patch Fire Trail +, + +1.9 km +S Enfield Rd + +31°20'S +151°54'E +163AS + +1130 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♀ +/ +Kunderang Station Ck, NE +facing slope above 39BR +30°48'S +152°06'E + +410 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +( +AMS +) + +; + +♂ +/ +Marengo +SF +2.1 km +along +Chimney Rd +from jn with +Chaelundi Rd +30.105°S +152.412°E +human dung trap + +13.v.1999 + +S Lassau +& +C Lemann +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +New England +NP 33AM +Cliffs Trail +(top end) bordering +New England +NP & +Styx River +SF, about + +3 km +S of Point Lookout + +30°31'S +152°23'E + +1350 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +*/ +Stewarts Brook SF +62AM +0.7 km +along unnamed logging track from +Omadale Brook Rd +, +31°54'S +151°23'E + +1250 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +*/ +Stewarts Brook +SF 62CM +0.4 km +along +Barrington Trail +from +southern Green Gap +turnoff, +31°56'S +151°26'E + +1430 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M Gray G Cassis +( +AMS +) + +; + +1♂ +/ +Stewarts Brook SF +62 +AG Pol Blue Ck +, above +Tubbrabucca Rd +, +31°55'S +151°23'E + +1240 m + +(NPWS +Survey +) + +4.ii–9.iv.1993 + +M +Gray +G +Cassis +( +AMS +) + +. + + + +Figures 11, 12 +. Lateral margin pronotum. ( +11 +) + +Onthophagus bulga + +sp. nov. +; ( +12 +) + +O. pexatus +Harold. + + + + +Additional records +(not included in +Matthews, 1972 +). + +Australian Capital Territory + +: 2/ 3k & 6k NE Piccadilly Circus ( +ANIC +); + +New South Wales + +: 3/ Moppy Lookout ( +ANIC +); 1/ Mt Gibraltar ( +ANIC +); 7/ Robertson ( +QMB +); 2/ Thungutti Campground ( +ANIC +); + +Victoria + +: 2/ Ghost Point ( +ANIC +); 1/ 2.2k NE Warburton ( +ANIC +); 1/ 6k ESE Tanjil Bren ( +ANIC +); 1/ Tarra-Bulga NP ( +ANIC +); 5/ Wilson Promontory ( +ANIC +, +QDAF +); 2/ Yanks Folly ( +ANIC +). + + + + +Redescription +. Mature specimens with shiny shallowly microsculptured black head and pronotum, duller and densely microsculptured grey-black elytra, with dull microsculptured striae, and dull densely microsculptured grey-black pygidium; freshly emerged specimens usually teneral, with reddish elytral apices, venter, pygidium and legs; antennae reddish-brown, with brown clubs. Length, male +4.5–6 mm +; female +4–5.5 mm +. + + +Male +. Head ( +Fig. 17 +). Surface smooth, shiny but shallowly microreticulate, with dense large punctures at base becoming smaller and sparser towards apex, minute stubble on genae and longer semi-erect setae on sides of vertex. Clypeal apical margin uptilted, arcuately excavate, each side of excavation triangularly produced, side margins slightly rounded; clypeal suture entirely effaced at frontal portion, genal portions present and feebly raised; frons flat, without elevations, slightly medially depressed; eyes narrow, 5–7 facet rows in width, separated by 15–20 eye widths, canthus narrowly complete; mentum shallowly excavate at apex. + + +Thorax ( +Figs 3–4 +, +26 +, +31 +). Pronotum. Broad in large males (as wide as elytra), narrower and flatter in small males. Moderately convex, slightly tumid at middle of anterior slope in larger specimens; surface smooth, entirely strongly and closely punctured, punctures shallowly ocellate and often slightly elongate, intervals shiny in fresh material but microreticulate, less than half diameter of punctures, and covered in dense short semi-erect to almost recumbent setae; anterior angles 80–90°; anterior margined, sides margined and crenulate with curved short setae between crenulations, base with thin raised edge which may be partly effaced; pronotal hypomeron dull and densely microsculptured, strongly punctured on outer half, punctures separated by 1–2 diameters, with elevated rims, increasing in diameter towards sides, outermost punctures with long semi-erect setae. Elytra. Semi-ovate in dorsal view, with prominent humeri and preapical swelling, longer than pronotum along midline. Duller than pronotum but weakly shiny, striae and suture similar, densely microreticulate; intervals 1–6 flat or slightly uneven in teneral specimens, without obvious small tubercles or elevations, 7th interval may have a few small round shiny tubercles, outer interval with a few lunate punctures; intervals 1–7 with fairly dense erect short scale-like setae, not in distinct rows, outermost interval more densely setose; strial punctures usually distinct, slightly broader and deeper than striae; epipleura with single row of curved setae. Metaventrite medially shiny, anteriorly and laterally (lateral to mesocoxae) dull and microreticulate, with scattered semi-recumbent setae, anterior smoothly convex, midline grooved; wing fully developed, folded twice in repose. Legs. Protibiae elongated and narrowed, inner apical angle with compact dense tuft of yellow setae about twice length of apical spur; distal face of apical tooth with loose sparse tuft of yellow setae about as long as apical spur, 4th (smallest) lateral tooth at about midpoint; metafemoral ventral surface rough, with short elongate ridges (elevated edges of punctures), mostly dull and microreticulate, with moderately large but shallow close punctures separated by 0.5–2 diameters. + + + +Figures 13–16 +. + +Onthophagus bulga + +sp. nov. +, head, male (left) and female (right). ( +13, 14 +) fresh specimens; ( +15, 16 +) worn specimens. + + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 38 +). Ventrites dull, densely microreticulate, obscuring puncturation, each with single transverse row of semi-recumbent pale setae; pygidium flat or almost so, densely and evenly microreticulate except shiny raised margins; punctures distinct or obscured by microsculpture, sparse, separated by 1–3 diameters; setae short, but thin, length 7–10× width. + + +Aedeagus ( +Fig. 43 +). In lateral view, parameres “crested”, with an angular apico-dorsal elevation and prominent but short apico-ventral “beak”. + + +Female +. Head ( +Fig. 18 +). Sides more rounded, surface rougher than male, shiny, smooth at base becoming transversely rugose on clypeus, with dense large punctures throughout; median depression of vertex deeper than male, with sides slightly elevated; clypeal suture slightly elevated in frontal portion, sometimes effaced before reaching genal sutures, straight; pronotum slightly narrower than elytra; protibiae short and straight, with broad lateral teeth. + + +Notes +. + +Matthews’ redescription was based on +19 males +and females, including the male +holotype +from +Victoria +, with most specimens in +Victoria +and the northernmost from the +Illawarra +, +New South Wales +. +The +specimens recorded here extend the distribution of this species north to the Dorrigo Plateau. Our material conforms to +Matthews’ +description except that the eyes are slightly more variable in size and the striae are usually distinctly punctured + +. + + +All sites recorded here are in closed forest, which appears to be its preferred habitat ( +Matthews (1972 +; Williams & Williams, 1982), except Barokee Swamp, which is open woodland around a grassy bog at high elevation. The species is rare at its known sites in +New South Wales +, almost all records being singletons. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF91FFCBFE7FFAC9FD3AF937.xml b/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF91FFCBFE7FFAC9FD3AF937.xml index a70ced62f06..7c978eafbcb 100644 --- a/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF91FFCBFE7FFAC9FD3AF937.xml +++ b/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF91FFCBFE7FFAC9FD3AF937.xml @@ -1,44 +1,45 @@ - - - -Notes on Papuasian and Malesian stingless bees, with the descriptions of new taxa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) + + + +Notes on Papuasian and Malesian stingless bees, with the descriptions of new taxa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2019 - -2019-08-12 + +2019 + +2019-08-12 - -2019 + +2019 - -88 + +88 - -1 -25 + +1 +25 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 -journal article -10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:52396588-03AD-4324-B4D6-A751C2B0B1B8 +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 +2325-4467 +13228823 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:52396588-03AD-4324-B4D6-A751C2B0B1B8 @@ -58,13 +59,13 @@ ( -Figs. 10 +Figs. 10 , -15 +15 , -18 +18 , -22 +22 ) @@ -159,7 +160,7 @@ RECORDS: . - + Figures 14–17. Facial views of workers of species of subgenus diff --git a/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF93FFCDFE66F9EAFC00FC2B.xml b/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF93FFCDFE66F9EAFC00FC2B.xml index e09b5d2a5b5..9fe01d88e19 100644 --- a/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF93FFCDFE66F9EAFC00FC2B.xml +++ b/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF93FFCDFE66F9EAFC00FC2B.xml @@ -1,44 +1,45 @@ - - - -Notes on Papuasian and Malesian stingless bees, with the descriptions of new taxa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) + + + +Notes on Papuasian and Malesian stingless bees, with the descriptions of new taxa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2019 - -2019-08-12 + +2019 + +2019-08-12 - -2019 + +2019 - -88 + +88 - -1 -25 + +1 +25 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 -journal article -10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:52396588-03AD-4324-B4D6-A751C2B0B1B8 +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 +2325-4467 +13228823 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:52396588-03AD-4324-B4D6-A751C2B0B1B8 @@ -58,11 +59,11 @@ ( -Figs. 12 +Figs. 12 , -16 +16 , -19 +19 ) diff --git a/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF94FFCDFE75FBB9FB4DF90B.xml b/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF94FFCDFE75FBB9FB4DF90B.xml index 080dab737ac..7e4fdb914fb 100644 --- a/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF94FFCDFE75FBB9FB4DF90B.xml +++ b/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF94FFCDFE75FBB9FB4DF90B.xml @@ -1,46 +1,47 @@ - - - -Notes on Papuasian and Malesian stingless bees, with the descriptions of new taxa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) + + + +Notes on Papuasian and Malesian stingless bees, with the descriptions of new taxa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2019 - -2019-08-12 + +2019 + +2019-08-12 - -2019 + +2019 - -88 + +88 - -1 -25 + +1 +25 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 -journal article -10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:52396588-03AD-4324-B4D6-A751C2B0B1B8 +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 +2325-4467 +13228823 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:52396588-03AD-4324-B4D6-A751C2B0B1B8 - + @@ -58,15 +59,15 @@ ( -Figs. 11 +Figs. 11 , -17 +17 , -20 +20 , -23 +23 , -24–28 +24–28 ) @@ -147,9 +148,9 @@ Since the male of keyensis has not been previously figured, pertinent images are included herein ( -Figs. 24–28 +Figs. 24–28 ). Unfortunately, the available male is not in good condition and had been dissected at some point in the past, with the terminalia glued to a card pinned beneath the specimen. A heavy dose of glue was used such that it overlays portions of structures and in the case of the eighth sternum has rendered it exceedingly difficult to interpret. One gonostylus is broken apically, and the apodemes and proximal border of the seventh sternum are distorted and partially damaged ( -Figs. 27, 28 +Figs. 27, 28 ). diff --git a/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF95FFCCFE9FFF58FE2BFD69.xml b/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF95FFCCFE9FFF58FE2BFD69.xml index 676f9e968f4..59d9843df8f 100644 --- a/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF95FFCCFE9FFF58FE2BFD69.xml +++ b/data/4D/77/87/4D7787E7FF95FFCCFE9FFF58FE2BFD69.xml @@ -1,46 +1,47 @@ - - - -Notes on Papuasian and Malesian stingless bees, with the descriptions of new taxa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) + + + +Notes on Papuasian and Malesian stingless bees, with the descriptions of new taxa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2019 - -2019-08-12 + +2019 + +2019-08-12 - -2019 + +2019 - -88 + +88 - -1 -25 + +1 +25 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 -journal article -10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:52396588-03AD-4324-B4D6-A751C2B0B1B8 +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i88.11678 +2325-4467 +13228823 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:52396588-03AD-4324-B4D6-A751C2B0B1B8 - + @@ -58,13 +59,13 @@ ( -Figs. 13 +Figs. 13 , -14 +14 , -21 +21 , -29–33 +29–33 ) @@ -108,21 +109,21 @@ of lamingtonia ( -Figs. 13 +Figs. 13 , -14 +14 , -21 +21 ), as well as of workers collected from a nearby locality to the north of Mount Lamington, perhaps no more than 25 km from where the type series was collected. These individuals are less faded and agree in all details with the type series except in more extensive lighter coloration on the head, pleura, and wing venation ( cf . -Figs. 13 +Figs. 13 , -14 +14 , -21 +21 vs. 29–33). Both of these color forms have identical structural details and both possess the erect to suberect black setae on the apical metasomal terga that help to distinguish this species from H diff --git a/data/72/2E/87/722E87929246753FFE6A9258D1BFF93D.xml b/data/72/2E/87/722E87929246753FFE6A9258D1BFF93D.xml index 23c6921dd31..89191cd2b1b 100644 --- a/data/72/2E/87/722E87929246753FFE6A9258D1BFF93D.xml +++ b/data/72/2E/87/722E87929246753FFE6A9258D1BFF93D.xml @@ -1,44 +1,45 @@ - - - -A new genus of augochlorine bees from northern Venezuela (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) + + + +A new genus of augochlorine bees from northern Venezuela (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2019 - -2019-08-08 + +2019 + +2019-08-08 - -2019 + +2019 - -87 + +87 - -1 -15 + +1 +15 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i87.11673 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i87.11673 -journal article -10.17161/jom.v0i87.11673 -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:64341535-B13B-4A89-9DF7-89D06924ECFA +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i87.11673 +2325-4467 +13228797 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:64341535-B13B-4A89-9DF7-89D06924ECFA @@ -112,48 +113,48 @@ DESCRIPTION: Cleptommation ), with acute subapical tooth. Labrum with distal process narrowly triangular, lateral teeth absent ( -Fig. 7 +Fig. 7 ); basal elevation suborbicular, slightly protuberant, with apical surface flatened ( -Fig. 6 +Fig. 6 ). Prementum greatly narrowed and elongate ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ). Galeal apex acutely pointed ( -Figs. 4 +Figs. 4 , -8 +8 ). Hypostomal ridge lamellate, particularly strongly so posteriorly ( -Fig. 8 +Fig. 8 ); anterior angle rounded. Malar space linear, base of mandible abuting lower tangent of compound eye ( -Figs. 2 +Figs. 2 , -3 +3 ). Epistomal sulcus forming orthogonal angle ( -Fig. 3 +Fig. 3 ). Ocelli greatly enlarged ( -Figs. 2 +Figs. 2 , -3 +3 ); ocellar furrow absent; compound eyes not greatly enlarged, upper tangent not exceeding level of vertex in facial view ( -Fig. 3 +Fig. 3 ); compound eyes with distinct ocular setae ( -Fig. 9 +Fig. 9 ), individual setae longer than ommatidial diameter. Vertex not expanded or ridged posterior to ocelli, short (subequal to ocellar diameter), without ocellar furrow. Antennal flagellum with 10 flagellomeres. Preoccipital ridge rounded. Pronotal lateral angle obtuse, not projected, lateral ridge rounded, dorsal ridge not carinate. Mesoscutum broadly rounded anteriorly; mesoscutal lip low and rounded. Tegula oval. Probasitarsal brush absent. Scopa formed of long, plumose setae on metafemur, setae uniformly golden yellow ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -14 +14 ); inner ridge of metatibia with long, branched setae blending to simple setae on outer surface; inner surface of metatibia with dense simple setae. Metabasitibial plate distinct on anterior and posterior borders ( -Fig. 15 +Fig. 15 ), apex acutely rounded. Inner metatibial spur pectinate ( -Fig. 16 +Fig. 16 ), fewer than 10 branches, branches not densely packed together. Forewing with marginal cell apex acute. Hind wing with distal hamuli irregularly spaced (2-1-2). Basal area of propodeum slightly shorter than mesoscutellum, surface coriarious ( sensu Harris, 1979 ), with short, basal rugae ( -Fig. 12 +Fig. 12 ), border between basal area and posterior surface broadly rounded; propodeal pit narrow, slit-like. Metasoma unmodified. - + Figures 3–5. Holotype female of @@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ Ventral view of head. Dorsal habitus. - + Figures 6–7. Labral and clypeal details from holotype female of @@ -187,7 +188,7 @@ Direct view of clypeal apex and labral basal area. Oblique view of clypeal apex and narrow labral distal process. - + Figures 8–9. Head details of diff --git a/data/72/2E/87/722E8792924D7533FE2995B7D689FEAB.xml b/data/72/2E/87/722E8792924D7533FE2995B7D689FEAB.xml index 7b08ff21306..b849fcd31e1 100644 --- a/data/72/2E/87/722E8792924D7533FE2995B7D689FEAB.xml +++ b/data/72/2E/87/722E8792924D7533FE2995B7D689FEAB.xml @@ -1,44 +1,45 @@ - - - -A new genus of augochlorine bees from northern Venezuela (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) + + + +A new genus of augochlorine bees from northern Venezuela (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2019 - -2019-08-08 + +2019 + +2019-08-08 - -2019 + +2019 - -87 + +87 - -1 -15 + +1 +15 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i87.11673 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i87.11673 -journal article -10.17161/jom.v0i87.11673 -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:64341535-B13B-4A89-9DF7-89D06924ECFA +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i87.11673 +2325-4467 +13228797 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:64341535-B13B-4A89-9DF7-89D06924ECFA @@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 1–16 +Figs. 1–16 ) @@ -79,13 +80,13 @@ DIAGNOSIS: As for the genus ( DESCRIPTION: ♀ : Total body length 9.5 mm; forewing length 7.9 mm. Head slightly wider than long, length 2.07 mm, width 2.33 mm. Upper interorbital distance 1.07 mm; lower interorbital distance 0.93 mm. Compound eyes with fine, white ocular setae, individual setae much longer than an individual ommatidial diameter ( -Fig. 9 +Fig. 9 ). Intertegular distance 1.83 mm; mesoscutellum weakly bigibbous. Protibial calcar of strigilis with primary velum somewhat rectangular, with inner margin (long border) straight except rounded proximally and apically, apical margin largely bordered by sclerotized thickening from rachis; malus elongate, straight, longer than velum, inner margin minutely ciliate ( -Fig. 13 +Fig. 13 ); inner metatibial spur pectinate, with five branches ( -Fig. 16 +Fig. 16 ), not including apical portion of rachis. Forewing ( -Fig. 10 +Fig. 10 ) with basal vein distad 1cu-a by two times vein width; first submarginal cell slightly longer than combined lengths of second and third submarginal cells; second submarginal nearly quadrate, anterior border along Rs only slightly shorter than posterior border, anterior border about as long as anterior border of third submarginal cell along same vein ( i.e ., 3Rs and 4Rs nearly equal); posterior border of third submarginal cell slightly less than twice length of anterior border; 1rs-m confluent with 1m-cu; 2rs-m faintly arched, distad 2m-cu by six times vein width; hind wing with distal hamuli arranged 2-1-2. @@ -93,37 +94,37 @@ DESCRIPTION: Clypeus and supraclypeal area with coarse, shallow punctures separated by less than a puncture width or more, integument between punctures coriarious; face with small, contiguous, irregular punctures giving integument a roughened appearance, such punctures becoming weaker on lower face and blending to coriarious integument, similarly blending to imbricate-coriarious integument in ocellocular area and on vertex; gena and postgena coriarious. Pronotum finely coriarious to imbricate. Mesoscutum with small contiguous punctures, punctures slightly more spaced outside parapsidal lines, punctures weaker and more separated posteriorly; tegula faintly coriarious anteriorly with scatered minute punctures, posteriorly smooth and impunctate; mesoscutellum with faint small punctures in anterior third, punctures contiguous medially, elsewhere separated by a puncture width or more, blending to imbricate and coriarious integument posteriorly; metanotum minutely nodulose; pleura with coarse, small, weak punctures separated by less than a puncture width, such punctures becoming weaker and more drawn out ventrally, integument between finely and weakly coriarious; lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum imbricate to coriarious, basal area of propodeum coriarious, with short basal rugae. Metasomal terga and sterna imbricate. Mandible dark brown near base, otherwise largely reddish brown; labiomaxillary complex amber brown, with yellow palpi; labrum reddish brown; clypeal apex light reddish brown (almost fulvous), remainder of clypeus, supraclypeal area, face, and vertex reddish brown, with metallic green and blue reflections on lower face, margins of supraclypeal area and clypeus around subantennal sulci and lateral borders of epistomal sulcus; scape largely reddish brown except lighter on ventral surface; pedicel and flagellum reddish brown to brown except somewhat lighter ventrally and apically on flagellum, particularly so by apical flagellomere; gena and postgena reddish brown with strong metallic green to green-blue highlights, particularly on gena. Pronotum as described for gena; propleuron light reddish brown; mesoscutum largely reddish brown with scatered metallic highlights along borders ( -Fig. 11 +Fig. 11 ); tegula as on mesoscutum without highlights; mesoscutellum and metanotum metallic green, with golden to brassy highlights, particularly on metanotum ( -Figs. 10, 11 +Figs. 10, 11 ); pleura metallic green with golden to brassy highlights ( -Fig. 2 +Fig. 2 ); propodeum metallic green with golden and brassy highlights ( -Fig. 12 +Fig. 12 ). Wing membranes like light parchment ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -5 +5 ); veins largely amber colored except darker on C and Sc+R and lighter on R and Rs beyond tangent with submarginal cells ( -Fig. 10 +Fig. 10 ). Legs largely light reddish-orange brown to light amber brown ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -14 +14 ); pro- and mesotibial spurs yellow, outer metatibial spur yellow, inner metatibial spur amber. Metasoma dark reddish brown to dark brown on apical terga and sterna ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ). Pubescence generally amber to golden yellow ( -Figs. 1, 2 +Figs. 1, 2 ) except largely fuscous on terga II–VI and sterna V–VI; scopal setae distinctly golden yellow ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -14 +14 ). - + Figures 18–20. Female of @@ -154,9 +155,9 @@ Basal area of propodeum. : ♀ ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -5 +5 ), Venezuela , [ diff --git a/data/8D/5D/82/8D5D8212A80AFFFCB597FE0D9EFEFD22.xml b/data/8D/5D/82/8D5D8212A80AFFFCB597FE0D9EFEFD22.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..62f6e41ff90 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/8D/5D/82/8D5D8212A80AFFFCB597FE0D9EFEFD22.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +Protected taxonomic status and lectotype designation for Holochila albosericea Miskin, 1891 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) + + + +Author + +Braby, Michael F. +Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, RN Robertson Building, 46 Sullivans Creek Road, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia & Australian National Insect Collection, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2024 + +2024-06-26 + + +76 + + +3 + + +151 +156 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1898 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1898 +2201-4349 +13228949 +8C81A660-ECD2-45C5-A402-177196D3139C + + + + + + + +Candalides albosericea +( +Miskin, 1891 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Holochila albosericea +Miskin, 1891: 65 + + +[ +nomen protectum +] + + + + + + +Holochila caeruleolactea +T.P. +Lucas, 1891: 1 + + +[ +nomen oblitum +] + + + + + +Candalides albosericea +( +Miskin, 1891 +) + +. – + +Waterhouse (1903a: 183) + +; + + +Braby +et al +. (2020: 717 + + +, 722) + + + + + +Nesolycaena albosericea +( +Miskin, 1891 +) + +. – + +Waterhouse & Turner (1905: 801) + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/92/6A/70/926A7070281BFFF0E0FBFEA4FACDFAF5.xml b/data/92/6A/70/926A7070281BFFF0E0FBFEA4FACDFAF5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..87238b38d14 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/92/6A/70/926A7070281BFFF0E0FBFEA4FACDFAF5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,433 @@ + + + +Studies in Mexican grasshoppers: four new species of the genus Oaxaca Fontana Buzzetti & Mariño-Pérez, 2011 with the erection of the subgenus Paraoaxaca (Caelifera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae) + + + +Author + +Aguilar-Rolda ́ N, César Antonio +Laboratorio de Ecología UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios # 1, Tlalnepantla, México 54090, México. + + + +Author + +Gómez-Tapia, José David +Laboratorio de Ecología UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios # 1, Tlalnepantla, México 54090, México. + + + +Author + +Mariño-Pérez, Ricardo +Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, 48108 Ann Arbor, MI, USA. + + + +Author + +Song, Hojun +Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, 2475 TAMU, 77843 - 2475 College Station, TX, USA. + + + +Author + +Vázquez-Reyes, Leopoldo D. +Carrera de Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios # 1, Tlalnepantla, México 54090, México. + + + +Author + +Sanabria-Urbán, Salomón +Laboratorio de Ecología UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios # 1, Tlalnepantla, México 54090, México. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-07-29 + + +5486 + + +4 + + +499 +538 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5486.4.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5486.4.3 +1175-5326 +13210402 +BB7EE938-98DD-4D39-9BAA-68432A36515B + + + + + + + +Paraoaxaca + +subgen. nov. +Aguilar-Roldán, Gómez-Tapia, Mariño-Pérez & Sanabria-Urbán + + + + + + + +TYPE +SPECIES +. + +Oaxaca +( +Paraoaxaca) ottei + + +sp. nov. + +Aguilar-Roldán +, +Gómez-Tapia +, +Mariño-Pérez +& +Sanabria-Urbán + +. + + +COMPOSITION. This new subgenus comprises four new species: + +ottei + + +sp. nov. + +, + +cohni + + +sp. nov. + +, + +cuitlateca + + +sp. nov. + +, and + +tlapaneca + + +sp. nov. + +, all of them described in this study. + + + + +DIAGNOSIS AND TAXONOMIC AFFINITY. This new subgenus shares many characteristics with the previously described species of the genus + +Oaxaca + +. However, + +Paraoaxaca + +grasshoppers generally have slightly larger body sizes and shorter metazona (less than half the length of prozona) than the other two species + +Oaxaca + +( +Fig. 3 +; +Table 1 +). In addition, dorsomedial and dorsolateral light stripes of body, and lower areas of head and pronotum are ivory or yellow in subgenus + +Paraoaxaca + +, while green or blue in the other congeneric species. Moreover, hind femora of + +Paraoaxaca + +individuals are almost entirely green instead showing some degree of red as in other species of the genus + +Oaxaca + +, and these differences in coloration are evident in both females and males ( +Figs. 4–5 +). Male sexual characters also distinguish + +Paraoaxaca +species. + +The male cerci of subgenus + +Paraoaxaca + +are conical, elongated, and straight; while in the other species of + +Oaxaca +, + +male cerci can be triangular and flattened ( + +O. carinata + +) or conical elongated, but curved inwards ( + +O. colorata + +). Moreover, males of subgenus + +Paraoaxaca + +can be recognized by having a continuous bridge of epiphallus in association with a backwards directed rounded tooth in the anterior-internal portion of each lophus. Although this last character is shared with + +O. carinata + +, in this later species the bridge of epiphallus is segmented in the middle. Lastly, although genus + +Oaxaca + +is found in Southwestern +Mexico +, the known geographic range of subgenus + +Paraoaxaca + +spans roughly lowlands from +Colima state +to middle +Guerrero state +, while the current species of genus + +Oaxaca + +are distributed from midlands to highlands from middle +Guerrero +to +Oaxaca +states ( +Fig. 6 +). + + +SUBGENERIC DESCRIPTION. +Coloration +( +Figs. 4–5 +): +dorsal body surface +of males featuring two dark bands (dark brown or black) running parallel from head to about the 5 +th +abdominal segment. These bands are divided by a dorsomedial light stripe and bordered on each side by two dorsolateral light stripes (yellow or ivory). The dorsomedial light stripe runs along the carina media and narrows in the head and pronotum (sometimes despairing) and widens as it reaches the abdomen tip. The dorsolateral light stripes are well-defined on the head and pronotum, widening and becoming less distinct towards the end of the abdomen. Similar color patterns can be seen in adult females ( +Fig. 5B, D +) or alternatively, they may have a light brown dorsal surface without any dark bands and more less diffuse dorsolateral light stripes ( +Fig. 5F, H +). This alternative coloration has also been observed in few nymphal males ( +Fig. 5E, G +). +Lateral body surface +of both sexes with dark bands (dark brown or black) on either side of the upper half. These lateral dark bands are wide and continuous from behind the eyes to thorax and narrowing and despairing towards the end of the abdomen. Lower half of head, pronotum and mesothoracic sternum lightly colored (yellow or ivory). Metathoracic episternum with oblique yellow or ivory stripe in the upper half. +Antenna +lightly colored (green, yellow, or light brown) almost entirely, except dark for distal quarter. +Eyes +generally dark brown with lighter coloration in the front. +Tegmina +mostly dark (dark brown or black), except for the upper third that is lightly colored (ivory, light brown or yellow). +Fore and middle legs +entirely green or light brown ( +Fig. 4E, G +), sometimes females show light brown on the dorsal and green on the ventral surface of the legs ( +Fig. 4F, H +). +Hind femora +enterally green or light brown, except for the dark (brown to black) lobes of knees. Sometimes females show a lighter coloration in the upper basal half of the hind femora surrounded by dark stripes ( +Fig. 5H +). +Hind tibiae +bluish green or blue. +General morphology +( +Figs. 7–8 +): +body size +ranging from +10.91 to 17.55 mm +in males and from +13.11 to 20.59 mm +in females ( +Table A1 +). +Dorsal surface of body +slightly pubescent and uniformly rugose from head to abdomen in most cases or smoother on the abdomen. +Longitudinal median carina +on dorsal body surface well marked from head to abdomen, or less marked on head and pronotum than in the abdomen. +Head +with arched vertex, slightly elevated above the pronotum in lateral view, more evident in males. +Fastigium +projecting forward, descending nearly at middle of the eyes in lateral view. +Eyes +globose and prominent, nearly twice as long as the infra-ocular portion of the gena in lateral view of head, nearly touching anteriorly and widely separated posteriorly in dorsal view of head. +Antenna +filiform, nearly the length of head and pronotum together in females or the length of head, pronotum and metanotum together in males. +Pronotum +transversely convex, wider posteriorly than anteriorly, especially in females, dorsally straight to slightly arched; with two or three well-marked transverse sulci, in the latter case the anterior two sulci fuse and interrupt in the lateral-middle portion of pronotum; metazona generally less than half the length of prozona (average metazona/prozona ratio equal to +0.43 in +both males and females). Dorsal anterior and posterior margins of pronotal disc somewhat emarginated, more distinctly in the latter. +Tegmina +represented by small lateral tongues, wider in the posterior third than in the base and the apex, partially covering the tympanum or barely surpassing the posterior margin of the first abdominal segment. +Hind wings +not evident. +Legs +slightly pubescent, fore and middle femora more robust in males than in females, fore and middle tibiae with two rows of small dark spines on inner and outer margins of the lower surface of the distal half, hind tibiae with two rows of spines in dorsal surface, 8 spines in the outer, +9–10 in +the inner. +Male terminalia +( +Figs. 9–12 +, A–D): +supra-anal plate +triangular with rounded or pointed apex. + +Furcula + +short, blunt rounded and sometimes flattened, nearly touching dorsally. +Cerci +conical and straight, tapering gradually towards the apex, nearly as long as the supra-anal plate. +Subgenital plate +spherical or subtriangular with a rounded posterior margin or produced in a pointy or a tongue-like process. +Female terminalia +( +Figs. 9–12 +, E–F): +supra-anal plate +triangular. + +Furcula + +absent. +Cerci +conical, wide in the basal quarter, tapering towards the apex, nearly half the length of the supra-anal plate. +Dorsal valves of ovipositor +lanceolate with tips curved dorsally. +Ventral valves of ovipositor +with a ventral tooth projecting posteriorly tips curved ventrally. +Male genitalia +( +Figs. 13–16 +): +epiphallus +well sclerotized (not segmented), bridge almost straight to notably curved anteriorly; +ancorae +short, triangular, and curved ventrally; +anterior projections +curved inwards, pointy, or rounded; +lophi +prominent paddle-shaped or lobulated, in any case with a backwards directed rounded tooth in the anterior-internal portion of each lophus. +Endophallus +with dorsal valves sclerotized, variable in size and form, ranging from short and dorsally (or laterally) flattened to long and gutter-like. Ventral valves of endophallus nearly as long as the dorsal valves, also variable in form, ranging from subtriangular and pointed to elongated and slender. + + + + +FIGURE 3. +Boxplots showing variation in body size measurements (length of body, pronotum and hind femur) and in relative proportion of metazona (metazona/prozona ratio) between males and females of + +Oaxaca +species + +, including the four new ones belonging to the + +Paraoaxaca + + +subgen. nov. + +In each boxplot, thick horizontal lines represent the median and the black dot the mean, while vertical lines represent the maximum and minimum values without outliers. + + + + +DISTRIBUTION, HABITAT AND TEMPORAL OCCURRENCE. Based on the available records, the grasshoppers of this subgenus inhabit the lowlands (from sea level to 1,337 meters above sea level, masl) of the Pacific coast and the outer slopes of the Sierra Madre del Sur in Southwestern +Mexico +.Their known geographic range spans roughly from central +Colima state +to the northwestern half of +Guerrero state +( +Fig. 6 +). These grasshoppers have been found in weedy-bushy ruderal habitats, but usually at the edge of tropical deciduous forest and oak-pine forest ( +Fig. 17A, C +). They also have been collected in overgrown fields surrounded by thinned natural vegetation or even in cultivated areas ( +Fig. 17E, G +). Few observations exist of + +Paraoaxaca + +grasshoppers feeding on composite plants ( + +Tithonia +spp. + +and + +Aldama +spp. + +) and climbing plants ( + +Ipomea +spp. + +) ( +Fig. 17B, D, F, H +). These grasshoppers have been found from September to January, but their numbers seem to peak in September and October, when mating pairs have also been observed ( +Fig. 17A +). Abundance of these grasshoppers appears to decline as drier winter conditions set in. Interestingly, late-stage nymphs have been found throughout this period, from September all the way to January ( +Fig. 5E, G +), suggesting these grasshoppers can have more than a single generation each year. + + + + +ETYMOLOGY. This name is composed of the ancient Greek παρά (meaning next to or near) and the generic name + +Oaxaca + +.The name + +Paraoaxaca + +refers to both the adjacent distribution, and the close morphological resemblance between grasshoppers of this new subgenus and the currently known two species of the genus + +Oaxaca + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/B3/1A/87/B31A87E5CA463E04FD85A89137DDDDF8.xml b/data/B3/1A/87/B31A87E5CA463E04FD85A89137DDDDF8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..75f66a7a501 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/B3/1A/87/B31A87E5CA463E04FD85A89137DDDDF8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ + + + +A review of the genera and subgenera of Oxaeinae (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) + + + +Author + +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA. + +text + + +Journal of Melittology + + +2015 + +2015-09-18 + + +2015 + + +52 + + +1 +18 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i52.4902 + +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i52.4902 +2325-4467 +13228868 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C32000D4-B04A-410D-AB34-16C467A21F96 + + + + + +Genus + +Oxaea +Klug + + + + + + +DIAGNOSIS: Male often with pale maculations on clypeus, labrum, mandible, and basal antennal articles ( +Fig. 34 +); mandible simple apically ( +Fig. 38 +); maxillary palpi absent; metasomal terga with or without metallic coloration, otherwise brownish black, black ( +Figs. 28–30 +, +35–37 +), or partly or largely reddish; metasomal tergum VI (male) and tergum V (female) with long, conspicuous tufts of white or black setae at sides ( +Figs. 31, 32 +); apical margin of male metasomal sternum VIII deeply emarginate medially (refer to figures in +Hurd & Linsley, 1976 +); gonobase greatly reduced, ringlike, much wider than long, not tapering basally; gonostylus not differentiated from gonocoxae, apex without setae (refer to figures in +Hurd & Linsley, 1976 +); outer lateral apex of volsella without dorsal lobed extension, apex and outer margin variable; penis valve sometimes elongate, slightly to greatly surpassing gonostylar apices, without ventral subapical ridge or process. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/B3/1A/87/B31A87E5CA4F3E0AFE73A8F0320EDDE8.xml b/data/B3/1A/87/B31A87E5CA4F3E0AFE73A8F0320EDDE8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b87286a381c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/B3/1A/87/B31A87E5CA4F3E0AFE73A8F0320EDDE8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +A review of the genera and subgenera of Oxaeinae (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) + + + +Author + +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - 4415, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA. + +text + + +Journal of Melittology + + +2015 + +2015-09-18 + + +2015 + + +52 + + +1 +18 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i52.4902 + +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i52.4902 +2325-4467 +13228868 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C32000D4-B04A-410D-AB34-16C467A21F96 + + + + + +Genus + +Mesoxaea +Hurd & Linsley + + + + + + +DIAGNOSIS: Male without pale maculations on clypeus, labrum, mandible, and antenna ( +Figs. 12 +, +17 +); mandible simple apically ( +Fig. 12 +); maxillary palpi composed of six palpomeres; metasomal terga brownish black or black, not partly or largely reddish ( +Figs. 7–10 +, +13–15 +); metasomal tergum VI (male) and tergum V (female) with long, conspicuous tufts of white setae at sides ( +Figs. 8, 10 +, +14 +); apical margin of male metasomal sternum VIII deeply emarginate medially (refer to figures in +Hurd & Linsley, 1976 +); gonobase greatly reduced, ringlike, much wider than long, not tapering basally; gonostylus partially differentiated from gonocoxae, with setae apically (refer to figures in +Hurd & Linsley, 1976 +); outer lateral apex of volsella with dorsal lobed extension, outer margin from narrow ventral apex to widest point apical from apodeme frequently deeply concave before mediolateral process, process frequently protrudent (refer to figures in +Hurd & Linsley, 1976 +); penis valve not elongate, only slightly surpassing gonostylar apices, with prominent ventral subapical ridge with apicolateral setae, not extending to thin lateral process (refer to figures in +Hurd & Linsley, 1976 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DE/2E/78/DE2E787DFFC47953FF231979FAADFB13.xml b/data/DE/2E/78/DE2E787DFFC47952FF231979FA49FDF7.xml similarity index 59% rename from data/DE/2E/78/DE2E787DFFC47953FF231979FAADFB13.xml rename to data/DE/2E/78/DE2E787DFFC47952FF231979FA49FDF7.xml index 4e94a430f38..21c1a176235 100644 --- a/data/DE/2E/78/DE2E787DFFC47953FF231979FAADFB13.xml +++ b/data/DE/2E/78/DE2E787DFFC47952FF231979FA49FDF7.xml @@ -1,47 +1,47 @@ - - - -The genus Maracarus (Acari: Halacaridae), description of three new species and one new record from Türkiye + + + +The genus Maracarus (Acari: Halacaridae), description of three new species and one new record from Türkiye - - -Author + + +Author -Durucan, Furkan +Durucan, Furkan -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-07-29 + +2024 + +2024-07-29 - -5486 + +5486 - -4 + +4 - -539 -556 + +539 +556 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5486.4.4 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5486.4.4 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5486.4.4 -1175-5326 -13210228 -E97F61F5-04E1-4820-AB44-DE7DD0AD0259 +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5486.4.4 +1175-5326 +13210228 +E97F61F5-04E1-4820-AB44-DE7DD0AD0259 - - + + @@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ + + Figures. 9,10; -Table 4 +Table 4 - - Halacarus @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ Figures. 9,10; specimens obtained from St. 1 ( Muğla , -Fethiye +Fethiye ), medium coarse sand, 8 m @@ -129,10 +129,10 @@ FDHAL-24/37), female, dissected and mounted into one slide; Male (FDHAL-24/38), Description. Measurements presented in -Table 4 +Table 4 . - + TABLE 4. Measurements for @@ -377,5 +377,236 @@ and . + + +TABLE 5. +Summary of data on stations and species identities. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Station + +Date + +Locality + +Position + +Depth + +Substrate + +Species + +Specimens, types and catalogue numbers +
St 1.13 Sept. 2019Muğla, Fethiye36°36’09.0”N 29°01’51.4”E8 mmedium coarse sand + +Maracarus gracilipes + +1♀ 1♂ 1DN; FDHAL-24/37–39
St. 220 Sept. 2020Phaselis, Antalya36°31’29.4”N 30°33’12.2”E5 mmedium coarse sand + +Maracarus pedroi + + +n. sp. + +1♀ 4♂♂; FDHAL-24/34–36
St. 310 Apr. 2018Lara, Antalya36°51’13.0”N 30°44’36.7”E10 mfine sand + +Maracarus almiri + + +n. sp. + +1♂ FDHAL-24/26
St. 427 Jul. 2020Kundu, Antalya36°50’57.7”N 30°50’20.4”E2 mfine sand + +Maracarus terueae + + +n. sp. + +5♀♀ 9♂♂ 1DN 1PN; FDHAL-24/27–33
+ + + + +Key to species of the + +Maracarus gracilipes + +group + + + +1 +. All dorsal and ventral plates with conspicuous reticulate ornamentation ( +Figures 3A–C +); two pairs of costae; middle costae anteriorly almost joined to lateral costae; Corneae lacking ( +Figure 3F +); rostrum extending beyond P2 ( +Figure 3K +).......... + + +...................................................................................... + + +M. terueae + +n. sp. +2. + +All dorsal plates with porous areolae, reticulate ornamentation; +OC +with two corneae; rostrum not extending beyond P2.... +3 + + +3. +AE +with porose areolae................................................................................ +5 4. +AE +without porose areolae ( +Figure 2B +)........................................................ + + +M. almiri + +n. sp. +5. + +AE +with one porose areolae and +PE +with two porose areolae............................... +M. minor +( +Bartsch, 1977 +) +6. +AE +with two separate porose areolae or porose areolae combined on plate; +PE +with three porose areolae................ +7 7. +Porose areolae on +AE +and +PE +with elaborate and anterior porose areolae on +AE +not anteriorly beyond to epimeral pores.... +9 8. +Porose areolae on +AE +and +PE +much smaller and anterior porose areolae on +AE +anterior beyond to epimeral pores.......... + + +................................................................................. +M. subtilis +(Otto, 2000) +9. +Porose areolae on +AE +large (cover almost 1/2 of plate) ( +Figure 7B,C +)................................ + + +M. pedroi + +n. sp. +10. + +Porose areolae on +AE +small (do not cover 1/2 of plate)....................................................... +11 11. +Male porose areolae on +GA +clearly divided into two parts; female porose areolae on +GA +oblong shape and extending beyond + + +GO +and pgs-2 ( +Figure 9B,C +)................................................... + +M. gracilipes +( +Trouessart, 1889 +) + +12. +Male porose areolae on +GA +not divided; female porose areolae on +GA +small and almost reach anterior to +GO +but not extending beyond pgs-2................................................................. +M. perlucidus +(Bartsch, 1983) + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DE/2E/78/DE2E787DFFCD794AFF231AEDFB40F843.xml b/data/DE/2E/78/DE2E787DFFCD794AFF231AEDFB40F843.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1663269abd7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DE/2E/78/DE2E787DFFCD794AFF231AEDFB40F843.xml @@ -0,0 +1,665 @@ + + + +The genus Maracarus (Acari: Halacaridae), description of three new species and one new record from Türkiye + + + +Author + +Durucan, Furkan + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-07-29 + + +5486 + + +4 + + +539 +556 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5486.4.4 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5486.4.4 +1175-5326 +13210228 +E97F61F5-04E1-4820-AB44-DE7DD0AD0259 + + + + + + + +Maracarus terueae + +n. sp. + + + + + + + +Maracarus gracilipes + +,— +Durucan, 2019 + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +1E80A361-DA71-4701-8A0E-E3A73D82A41A + + + +Figures 3–6 +; +Table 2 + + + + +Material examined. + + +Holotype +. + +Female +(FDHAL-24/27), undissected and mounted into one slide, St. 4 ( +Antalya +, +Kundu +), fine sand sediment, + +2 m +depth + +, +36°50’57.7”N +30°50’20.4”E +, + +27 July 2020 + + +. + + +Paratypes +. + +All specimens with same collection data as holotype. +two females +and +one male +(FDHAL-24/27), undissected and mounted into one slide; male (FDHAL-24/28) dissected and mounted into one slide; male (FDHAL-24/29), dissected and mounted into one slide; female (FDHAL-24/30), with ciliates, undissected and mounted into one slide; male (FDHAL-24/31), with ciliates, undissected and mounted into one slide; Deutonymph (FDHAL-24/32), undissected and mounted into one slide; Protonymph (FDHAL-24/33), undissected and mounted into one slide + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The species is dedicated in honor of Dr. Terue +Cristina Kihara +(INES—Integrated Environmental Solutions UG, Wilhelmshaven, +Germany +) for her support to author’s halacarid research studies in +Germany +. + + + + +Description. +Measurements presented in +Table 2 +. + + + +TABLE 2. +Measurements for + +Maracarus terueae + + +n. sp. + +specimens (in micrometers) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +Maracarus terueae + +n. sp + +Females + +Males + +Deutonymph + +Protonymph +
LengthWidthLengthWidthLengthWidthLengthWidth
Idiosoma390–400215–225395–410235–250268157240145
Gnathosoma127–13070–75120–12563–6785558050
AD125–127127–129118–120115–11773767565
OC145–15030–33167–18745–5062304225
PD254–257170–172262–275182–19016310212575
AE142–145192–195131–135193–19511314090110
PE183–18747–50172–17557–60112258837
GA182–187160–163182–185155–5888886058
GO50–5238–4050–5342–46----
+ + + +Female +( +holotype +). + +Dorsal plates (AD, OC and PD) with reticulate sculpturing ( +Fig. 3A +). AD as wide as long. AD with three raised porose areolae, anterior with 36 long, 18 wide (10–12 polygons), posterior areolae 50–54 long, 30–33 wide (19–21 polygons) ( +Fig. 3E +). A pair of gland pores at 0.31 of AD length, slightly anterior to ds-1. Pairs of ds-2 and ds-3 on membranous integument between AD and OC, and between AD and PD, respectively. + + +Ocular plates posteriorly tail like almost extending to leg IV insertions ( +Fig. 3A +). with an anterior raised area with one anterior areola with 6–8 polygons and a posterior with 12–13 polygons. Corneae lacking. Gland pores (glp-2) lateral to OC. Pore canaliculus immediately posterior to small porose areola and gland pore ( +Fig. 3F +). PD wide, rounded anteriorly, reticulate except for two pairs of narrow costae with porous areolae. Pairs of glp-3 (0.74 level of PD) and glp-4 apical on protrusions raising from costae ( +Fig. 3D +). Ds-4 on PD between two porose areolae (0.42 level of PD) and ds-5 immediately posterior to glp-3. Ds-6 on anal cone. + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Maracarus terueae + +n. sp. +(Adults), Line art illustrations (FDHAL-24/27): +A +Idiosoma dorsal, female +B +Idiosoma ventral, female +C +Idiosoma ventral, male +D +Posterior part of PD +E +Anterior dorsal plate +F +Ocular plate +G +Ovipositor +H +Genital opening, male +I +Spermapositor +J +Gnathosoma dorsal, female +K +Gnathosoma ventral, female. Scale bars: A–C=100 µm; D–L=50 µm. + + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Maracarus terueae + +n. sp. +(female), Line art illustrations (FDHAL-24/27): +A +Leg I, medial view +B +Leg II, medial view +C +Leg III, medial view +D +Leg IV, medial view +E +Tarsus I, medial view +F +Tarsus II, medial view +G +Tarsus III, medial view +H +Tarsus IV, medial view. Scale bars: A–D=50 µm; E–H=50 µm. + + + +Ventral plates (AE, PE and GA) with reticulate porose areolae ( +Fig. 3B +). Posterior AE and anterior GA truncate. AE with 3 pairs of setae and pair of large epimeral pores (7). PE with 2 dorsal and 3 ventral setae, and three porose areolae: anterior to leg III insertion, at its same level and marginal to leg IV insertion. Interval between anterior margin of GA and GO 2.33 times length of GO. Pair of longitudinal porose areolae (170 long) lateral to GO. GA with three pairs of pgs, genital sclerites with two pairs of sgs. GA widening posteriorly. Ovipositor (110) extending beyond anterior pair of pgs ( +Fig. 3B,G +). + + + +FIGURE 5. + +Maracarus terueae + +n. sp. +(nymphs), Line art illustrations (FDHAL-24/32,33), deutonymph: +A +Idiosoma, dorsal view +B +Enlarged ocular plate +C +Idiosoma, ventral view +D +Enlarged genitoanal plate +E +Gnathosoma, ventral view. Protonymph: +F +Idiosoma, dorsal view +G +Idiosoma, ventral view +H +Enlarged genitoanal plate +I +Gnathosoma, ventral view. Scale bars: A,C=50 µm; B, D–I=50 µm. + + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Maracarus terueae + +n. sp. +(nymphs), Line art illustrations (FDHAL-24/32,33), deutonymph: +A +Leg I, lateral view +B +Leg II, medial view +C +Leg III, medial view +D +Leg IV, medial view +E +Leg I, medial view +F +Leg II, medial view +G +Leg III, medial view +H +Leg IV, medial view. Scale bars: 50 µm. + + + +Dorsal gnathosoma reticulate, tectum truncate ( +Fig. 3J +). Rostrum triangular, extending beyond P-2 ( +Fig. 3K +). Rostral setae at tip of rostrum; Distal maxillary setae at about 0.36 level of rostrum, basal maxillary setae at about 0.91 level of rostrum. Ventral gnathosomal base with pair of reticulate porose areolae 60 long, 22 wide. P1 15, P2 53, P3 12, P4 44. P4 shorter than P2 with 3 long setae in basal whorl. Chelicera with claw ( +Figs. 3J–L +). + + +All legs ( +Figs. 4A–D +) slender and shorter than idiosoma. Leg I to leg IV lengths (without claws) 253, 275, 213, 264 long, respectively. Leg chaetotaxy from trochanter to tarsus (bipectinated setae between parentheses, parambulacral setae and solenidia excluded): leg I: 1, 2, 5, 4, 8, 6; leg II: 1, 2, 5, 4, 8(2), 4; leg III: 1, 2, 4, 3, 5(1), 4; leg IV: 0, 2, 3, 3, 5, 3. Tarsus I ( +Fig. 4E +) with 3 dorsal setae, 1 dorsolateral seta-like solenidion, 3 ventral setae and apically with pair of doubled pas. Tarsus II ( +Fig. 4F +) with 3 dorsal setae, a dorsomedial seta-like solenidion, 1 ventral setae, and pair of pas. Tarsi III ( +Fig. 4G +) and IV ( +Fig. 4H +) with 4 and 3 dorsal setae, respectively. Tibia I with four slender smooth ventral setae; tibia II with two sharply ending bipectinate ventromedial and two slender ventral setae. Ventromedial setae of tibia III bipectinate and blunt, ventrolateral seta long. Both ventral and ventrolateral seta of tibia IV smooth and long. Claws with accessory process. Claw pecten with delicate tines and a small bidentate median claw. + + + +Male +: + +Male is similar to female except for the genital plate ( +Fig. 3C +). GO surrounded by 48–52 perigenital setae. Five pairs of sgs setae are present, arranged 2:3 ( +Fig. 3H +). GO 50 long, 37 wide. Distance between edges of GA and GO 125, equalling 2.5 of GO length. Spermatopositor large, 100 long, extending beyond anterior margin of GO ( +Fig. 3I +). + + + +Deutonymph +: + +Plates and their porose areolae less developed than in adults ( +Figs. 5A, C +). OC not tail like ( +Fig. 5B +), posteriorly extending to level of leg III insertions. Genitoanal plate almost rectangular with four perigenital setae and two pairs of genital acetabula ( +Fig. 5D +). Gnathosoma similar to adults, rostrum triangular, not extending beyond P-2 ( +Fig. 5E +). Leg chaetotaxy ( +Figs. 6A–D +) from trochanter to tarsus (bipectinated setae between parentheses, parambulacral setae and solenidia excluded): leg I: 1, 2, 5, 4, 8, 6; leg II: 1, 2, 3, 4, 8(2), 3; leg III: 1, 2, 3, 3, 5(1), 4; leg IV: 0, 2, 3, 3, 5, 3. + + + +Protonymph +: + +Plates and their porose areolae less developed than in adults ( +Figs. 5F, G +). OC not tail like and posteriorly not extending to level of leg III insertions. Rostrum triangular, not extending beyond P-3 ( +Fig. 5I +). Genitoanal plate without perigenital setae and one pair of genital acetabula ( +Fig. 5D +). Leg chaetotaxy ( +Figs. 6E–H +) from trochanter to tarsus (bipectinated setae between parentheses, parambulacral setae and solenidia excluded): leg I: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 4; leg II: 1, 1, 3, 4, 5(1), 3; leg III: 1, 1, 2, 3, 4(1), 4; leg IV: 1, 3, 3, 5, 3. Tibia II and III with only 1 bipectinate setae. One pair of genital acetabula. + + + + +Remarks: +Durucan (2019) +reported for the first time a + +Maracarus +species + +under the name of + +M. gracilipes + +for the Turkish halacarid fauna, but a careful re-examination and fresh new samples, the present author identified this species as + +Maracarus teruae + +n. sp +in this study. The new species differs from all other species in + +Maracarus gracilipes + +group by having large, striking porose areolae on the plates of idiosoma and longer rostrum which has extending beyond P2. Especially, the shape of porose areolae on AE which is like a wing of butterfly both female and male specimens of the new species, and the shape of porose areolae on GA which is oblong shaped and its anterior part wider than posterior part both female and male specimens in the new species. Additionally, the ventral gnathosomal base uniformly porosed in + +Maracarus teruae + + +n. sp. + +. None of the previously described + +Maracarus +species + +has such areolae on idiosoma and gnathosoma. + + +The new species, + +Maracarus teruae + + +n. sp. + +resembles + +Maracarus pedroi + + +n. sp. +, + +also described herewith. However, the two species can be clearly separated on the basis of (1) size of idiosoma (in + +M. pedroi + + +n. sp +. + +, female 337 and male 307 vs in + +M. terueae + + +n. sp. + +females 400, and males between 395–410), (2) shape and size of porose areolae on the plates (in female of + +M. pedroi + + +n. sp +. + +, porose areolae on GA divided into two parts, while in + +M. terueae + + +n. sp. + +those areolae merged, regarding males of + +M. pedroi + + +n. sp. + +, anterior and posterior porose areolae on GA almost same sizes, while in + +M. terueae + + +n. sp. + +, anterior part wider than posterior part of porose areolae), (3) posterior part of costae on PD (in + +M. pedroi + + +n. sp. + +narrow +vs +wide in + +M. terueae + +n. sp +), (4) the number of male perigenital setae (in + +M. pedroi + + +n. sp. + +25–26 +vs +48–52 in + +M. terueae + +n. sp +). Moreover, (5) distance between edges of GA and GO in males differ (in + +M. pedroi + + +n. sp. + +85, equalling 2.1 of GO length +vs +125, equalling 2.5 of GO length in + +M. terueae + + +n. sp. + +) and (6) the male perigenital setae arrangement on genitoanal plate are different (in + +M. pedroi + + +n. sp. + +pgs arrangement more rare vs in + +M. terueae + + +n. sp. + +more dense). Additionally, (7) the male perigenital setae arrangement around genital foramen different (in + +M. pedroi + + +n. sp. + +three pgs around genital foremen +vs +five in + +M. terueae + + +n. sp. + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF81FD62FED3FAFCFCABF867.xml b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF81FD62FED3FAFCFCABF867.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b5afc008de7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF81FD62FED3FAFCFCABF867.xml @@ -0,0 +1,329 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Leptodromia Sinclair & Cumming, 2000 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae), with the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Barros, Luana M. +Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Programa de Apoio à Fixação de Jovens Doutores no Brasil (PROFIX-JD), Laboratório de Diptera (LabDip), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Sinclair, Bradley J. +Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 & Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 + + + +Author + +De Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. +Secretaria de Estado de Educação e Qualidade de Ensino do Amazonas (SEDUC), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ale-Rocha, Rosaly +Coordenação de Biodiversidade (COBIO, INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2024 + +2024-06-26 + + +76 + + +3 + + +133 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 +2201-4349 +6F5F3543-8655-4111-9FFF-D5D47F7196A3 + + + + + + +Leptodromia lineata + + + + + + +Barros & Sinclair +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +B25807CD-FBE4-4188-AA55-71365E4D44C0 + + +Figs 23–25, 42 + + + +Diagnosis. +Antenna with postpedicel strap-like, longer than height of head, with shorter stylus. Scutum yellow, with or without pair of black spots on prescutellar disc; pleura yellow with dark transverse stripe extending from lateral margin of antepronotum to laterotergite. Legs yellow, except apex of mid and hind femora black, with brown subapical band on hind femur, tarsi slightly darker, light brown. Abdomen dark, without patterned bands. + + + + +Description. +Holotype +male (Fig. 23). Body length: +3.7 mm +. Wing length: 4.0 mm. +Head. +Ocellar triangle shiny, not protuberant, with pair of short, slender proclinate ocellar setae and pair of shorter posterior setae. Frons shiny, dark brown with pruinosity on lower half. Face with dense grey microtrichia. Antenna brown, except inner margin of scape and pedicel paler and shiny; postpedicel elongate, strap-like, longer than height of head, covered with dense brown microtrichia; arista-like stylus brown, with microtrichia, about one-quarter length of postpedicel. Proboscis yellow; palpus oval, yellow, covered with dense yellow pruinosity and 1 long, slender yellow seta near middle. Occiput shiny brown, with stripe of grey pruinescence extending from ocellar triangle to near antepronotum; two rows of short, slender yellow setae, 1 row postoculars and 1 row occipital, lower setae longer. +Thorax. +Prosternum narrow (prosternum not fused to proepisternum and not forming precoxal bridge). Antepronotum brown ( +paratypes +: yellow, lateral margin brown), with 1 row of short, slender yellow setae. Scutum yellow, except for two small black spots on prescutellar disc ( +paratypes +: variable from small spot to narrow stripe) (Fig. 24). Scutellum brown with pale posterior margin ( +paratypes +: variable from brown to mostly yellow); mediotergite yellow, with brown markings on lateral margin ( +paratypes +: completely brown to mostly yellow). Pleura yellow with brown horizontal stripe extending from lateral margin of antepronotum to laterotergite. +Wing. +Broad, membrane hyaline; pterostigma whitish, elongated +FIGURES 23–25 +. + +Leptodromia lineata + +sp. nov. +, male +holotype +. ( +23 +) Lateral habitus; ( +24 +) Dorsal habitus; ( +25 +) Hypandrium and phallus, ventral view. Abbreviations: +distph += distiphalus; +ej apod += ejaculatory apodeme; +hypd += hypandrium; +ph += phallus. + + +and narrow, situated at apex of cell c. Cell dm more than 3 times longer than wide; M +1 +long, extending more than halfway to wing margin; M +2 +and M +4 +reaching wing margin; CuA+CuP long, curved, not reaching wing margin. Halter whitish yellow. +Legs. +Yellow, except apex of mid and hind femora black, tarsi slightly darker, light brown. Mid and hind tarsomeres 3–5 slightly broader than fore tarsomeres, ventrally flattened. Hind femur with brown subapical band (Fig. 23). Fore femur with anteroventral row of slender setae. Mid and hind femora with anteroventral and posteroventral row of pale setae. Mid and hind tibiae with 1 anterodorsal seta near mid-length. Mid tibia with apex with several long, strong yellow ventral setae; hind tibia with 2 short, strong anteroventral setae at apex. +Abdomen +(Fig. 23). Brown, except posterior margin of tergites 3–6 paler, tergite 7 and 8 light brown. +Male terminalia +(Fig. 25): Hypandrium short, small, slightly narrowing toward apex, with shallow concavity in middle on apical margin forming bilobed apex and several short, slender setae. Phallus short, about same length as epandrial lamella; phallic shaft strongly curved near base, cylindrical, without protuberances; apex expanded, cup-like. Articulated distiphallus as long as phallic shaft, comprising long slender sclerite and long, slender dorsal sclerite with bifid apex; ejaculatory apodeme one-third length of hypandrium. Epandrium, surstylus and cercus as in + +L. bimaculata + +. +Female. +Similar to male. +Female terminalia: +not dissected. + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype + +♂ +, labelled: “ +Australian Museum +/ K 603837”; [ +AUSTRALIA +] TAS [ +Tasmania +]: +Frodshams Pass +[ +42°49'6"S +, +146°23'20"E +]/ nr. +Mt. Wedge +; 4–5-ii/ -1989; rainforest/ +D. Bickel +; yellowpan”; “ +HOLOTYPE +/ + +Leptodromia +/ +lineata +/ + +Barros & Sinclair [red label]” ( +AMS +) + +. +Holotype +in good condition. + + +Paratypes +: + +Australia. +Tasmania +: same data as holotype ( +4 ♂ +K 603838, K 603839, K 603841, K 608802, +AMS +) + +; + +10 kmS +Hellyer River +[ +41°19'S +, +145°35'E +], + +10.i.1984 + +, +L. Masner +( +1 ♀ +, +INPA +) + +; + +Lake St. Clair +NP [ +-42.122 +, +146.216 +], + +750 m + +, + +12.i.1984 + +, +L. Masner +( +1 ♀ +, +CNC +) + +; + +Lake St. Clair +, + +750 m + +, +42°06'S +146°10'E +, + +25–27.i.1980 + +, +Lawrence +& +Weir +( +1 ♂ +K 608800, +AMS +) + +. + +Waratah +, +8 km +SW, +41°29'04"S +, +145°27'41"E +, rainforest, pans, + +20–21.xii.2003 + +, +S.A. Marshall +( +1 ♂ +, +DEBU +) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +From Latin +linea +(line), in reference to the dark stripe on the pleura. + + + + +Distribution. +This species is known only from +Tasmania +( +Fig. 42 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF87FD64FEA3FF30FD19FD58.xml b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF87FD64FEA3FF30FD19FD58.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d15976cb6a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF87FD64FEA3FF30FD19FD58.xml @@ -0,0 +1,302 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Leptodromia Sinclair & Cumming, 2000 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae), with the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Barros, Luana M. +Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Programa de Apoio à Fixação de Jovens Doutores no Brasil (PROFIX-JD), Laboratório de Diptera (LabDip), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Sinclair, Bradley J. +Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 & Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 + + + +Author + +De Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. +Secretaria de Estado de Educação e Qualidade de Ensino do Amazonas (SEDUC), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ale-Rocha, Rosaly +Coordenação de Biodiversidade (COBIO, INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2024 + +2024-06-26 + + +76 + + +3 + + +133 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 +2201-4349 +6F5F3543-8655-4111-9FFF-D5D47F7196A3 + + + + + + +Leptodromia nebulosa + + + + + + +Barros & Sinclair +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +0471FBA3-FE9B-4FFE-BD53-652CA8759F2D + + + +Figs 26–29 +, +42 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Antenna with postpedicel elongate, stylus less than half-length of postpedicel. Scutum yellow, with pair of large rectangular black spots on prescutellar disc; pleura yellow with dark spot of posterior margin of anepisternum extending to dorsal margin. Legs yellow, hind femur with brown subapical band, hind tibia brown.Abdomen dark, with yellow posterior band on tergites, broader laterally, without dark medial stripe. + + + + +Description. +Holotype +male ( +Fig. 26 +). Body length: +3.1 mm +. Wing length: +3.1 mm +. +Head. +Ocellar triangle shiny, not protuberant, with pair of short, slender proclinate ocellar setae and pair of shorter posterior setae [lost on +holotype +]. Frons shiny, dark brown with pruinosity on lower half. Face with dense grey microtrichia. Antenna ( +Fig. 28 +) brown, except inner margin of scape and pedicel paler and shiny; postpedicel elongate, covered with dense brown microtrichia; arista-like stylus brown, with microtrichia, about less than half length of postpedicel. Proboscis yellowish; palpus oval, yellow, covered with dense yellow pruinosity and long, slender yellow setae. Occiput shiny brown ( +Fig. 29 +); two rows of short, slender yellow setae, 1 row postoculars and 1 row occipital, lower setae longer. +Thorax. +Antepronotum yellow, with row of short, slender yellow setae. Scutum yellow, except for two large rectangular black spots on prescutellar disc ( +Fig. 29 +). Scutellum yellow; mediotergite and laterotergite dark, with yellowish medially. Pleura yellow with dark vertical spot on posterior margin of anepisternum, extending to dorsal margin. +Wing. +Broad, membrane hyaline; pterostigma brownish, elongated and narrow, situated at apex of cell c. Cell dm more than 3 times longer than wide; M +1 +short, extending less than half way to wing margin; M +2 +and M +4 +reaching wing margin; CuA+CuP long, curved, not reaching wing margin. Halter whitish yellow. +Legs. +Yellowish, except femora with anterior brown band on apical fourth; apex of mid and hind femora black, tibiae, especially hind tibia and tarsi brownish, increasingly darker apically. Mid and hind tarsomeres 3–5 slightly broader than fore tarsomeres, ventrally flattened. Hind femur with brown subapical band ( +Figs 26, 27 +). Fore femur with anteroventral row of long slender setae. Mid and hind femora with anteroventral and posteroventral row of pale setae; apex with preapical anterodorsal seta. Mid and hind tibiae with 1 basal anterodorsal seta; near mid-length with 1 anterodorsal and 1 posterodorsal seta. Mid tibia with long apical posteroventral seta, length nearly twice width of tibia. +Abdomen +( +Figs 26, 27 +). Brown, posterior margins of tergites with pale band, broader laterally. +Male terminalia: +not dissected. +Female +( +Fig. 27 +). Similar to male. +Female terminalia: +not dissected. + + + + +Figures 26–29 +. + +Leptodromia nebulosa + +sp. nov. +( +26 +) Male holotype, lateral habitus; ( +27 +) Female paratypes, lateral habitus; ( +28 +) Female paratype, head, lateral view; ( +29 +) Male holotype, head and scutum, dorsal view. + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype + +♂ +, labelled: “ +AUSTRALIA +: +Queensland +/ + + +Tully +River Falls + +Road + +[-17.72, 145.54]/ + + +Misty +Mountain + +Trail + +/ + +12.IX.2004 + +, s.s., Q-11/ +L. Masner +, rainforest”; “Australian Museum/ K 627872”; “ +HOLOTYPE +/ + +Leptodromia +/ +nebulosa +/ + +Barros & Sinclair [red label]” ( +AMS +) + +. +Holotype +in good condition. + + +Paratypes +: Australia. +Queensland +: + +same data as holotype, except K 627873 ( +1 ♀ +, +AMS +) + +; + +14.7 km +up +Mt. Lewis Rd +, + +880 m + +, + +16.iv.1994 + +, cascading creek, +16°30'S +145°17'E +, +B.J. Sinclair +( +1 ♀ +, +CNC +) + +; + +Wooroonoonan NP +, +17°34'06"S +146°42'21"E +, + +500 m + +, + +25–26. ix.2004 + +, YPT, rainforest, +L. Masner +( +1 ♀ +, +CNC +) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +From Latin “ +nebula +” (mist), in reference to +type +locality. + + + + +Distribution. +This species is known only from the Wet Tropics rainforest in northeastern +Queensland +( +Fig. 42 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF88FD6AFEBEFF30FB19FAC7.xml b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF88FD6AFEBEFF30FB19FAC7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..781f0ff755a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF88FD6AFEBEFF30FB19FAC7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,292 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Leptodromia Sinclair & Cumming, 2000 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae), with the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Barros, Luana M. +Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Programa de Apoio à Fixação de Jovens Doutores no Brasil (PROFIX-JD), Laboratório de Diptera (LabDip), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Sinclair, Bradley J. +Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 & Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 + + + +Author + +De Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. +Secretaria de Estado de Educação e Qualidade de Ensino do Amazonas (SEDUC), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ale-Rocha, Rosaly +Coordenação de Biodiversidade (COBIO, INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2024 + +2024-06-26 + + +76 + + +3 + + +133 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 +2201-4349 +6F5F3543-8655-4111-9FFF-D5D47F7196A3 + + + + + + +Leptodromia bickeli + + + + + + +Barros & Sinclair +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:ACT: +E2EB5928-CEA2-4961-87D8-E120B0B144B5 + + + +Figs 1–2 +, +42 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Antenna brown, except scape, pedicel and base of postpedicel yellow; stylus longer than postpedicel. Scutum orange yellow, except for two black spots on prescutellar disc, that reach the scutellum, extended narrowly anteriorly; pleura completely yellow, without dark spots or stripes; mediotergite with two black stripes to almost entirely dark. Hind femur yellow, without dark spot. Abdomen yellow, with black T-shaped pattern on anterior margin of all tergites. + + + + +Description. +Holotype +male ( +Fig. 1 +). Body length: +3.8 mm +. Wing length: +3.5 mm +. +Head. +Ocellar triangle shiny, with 1 pair of ocellar setae proclinate, short and slender. Frons shiny black. Face with dense grey pruinescence. Antenna brown, except scape, pedicel and inner base of postpedicel yellow; postpedicel elongate, lanceolate, about 2.5 times length of scape and pedicel combined, covered with dense brown microtrichia; arista-like stylus brown, with microtrichia, longer than postpedicel. Proboscis yellow; palpus oval, yellow, as long as proboscis, covered with dense yellow pruinosity and setulae. Occiput shiny black; two rows of long and slender yellow setae, 1 row postoculars and 1 row occipital, lower setae longer. +Thorax. +Antepronotum brown with 1 row of short, slender yellow setae. Scutum orange yellow, except for two black spots on prescutellar disc, reaching scutellum [extending onto scutellum in +paratypes +], extended narrowly anteriorly ( +Fig. 2 +). Scutellum and mediotergite yellow, except two black, rounded spots on lateral margins of mediotergite. Pleuron yellow, without dark spots or stripes. Postalar callus with 1 long, strong seta and 1 short, slender anterior setula. +Wing +( +Fig. 1 +). Broad, membrane hyaline; 1 long, strong, black basal costal seta; pterostigma clear, elongated and narrow, situated at apex of cell c. Cell dm more than 2.5 times longer than wide, M +1 +short, longer than crossvein r-m. Halter whitish yellow. +Legs. +Yellow, except extreme apex black of mid and hind femora, tarsi slight darker, light brown. Fore and hind femora swollen ( +Fig. 1 +). Fore femur with 1 long, strong, black posterodorsal preapical seta and anteroventral row of pale setae. Mid femur with row of anterodorsal black setae on apical half, with stronger preapical seta. Hind femur with 1 long, strong, black anterodorsal preapical seta. Mid and hind femora with row of dark anteroventral setae. Fore tibia with 1 long, strong black posteroventral seta proximal to mid-length. Mid tibia with 1 short, strong black anterodorsal seta near base; 1 anterodorsal and 1 posterodorsal long, strong black seta near mid-length; apex with several long, strong, yellow ventral setae. Hind tibia with 1 shorter anterodorsal seta near base and 1 longer anterodorsal seta near mid-length; apex with 2 strong, yellow anteroventral setae. +Abdomen +( +Figs 1–2 +). Yellow, with black T-shaped marking on anterior margins of syntergite 1+2 and tergites 3–6, covered with short, slender yellow setae, longer on lateral margins. +Male terminalia: +not dissected. +Female. +Similar to male. +Female terminalia: +not dissected. + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype + +♂ +, labelled: “VIC: +Delley’s Dell +,/ + +4km +SSW of Halls Gap + +,/ +Grampians Nat Pk +/ 37:11S 142:31E/ + +30 Nov. 1992 + +/ Moulds, McEvey, McAlpine”; “Australian Museum/ K 607767”; “ +HOLOTYPE +/ + +Leptodromia +/ +bickeli +/ + +Barros & Sinclair [red label]” ( +AMS +) + +. +Holotype +in good condition. + + +Paratypes +: +Australia +: +Tasmania +: + +Ellendale +, +WillowBridge +, +42.6206°S +146.7105°E +, sweeping, + +18.xii.2019 + +, +M. Pollet +( +1 ♀ +, +TMAG +) + +. + + +Victoria +: + +Grampians NP +, +Splitters Falls +[ +-37.146 +, +142.501 +], + +30.xi.1992 + +, +Moulds +, +McEvey +, +McAlpine +( +1 ♂ +K 608308, +1 ♀ +K 608311, +AMS +); Grampians, Wannon +R + +. + +nr +Jimmy’s Ck +[ +-37.372 +, +142.501 +], + +10.xii.1977 + +, +D.K. McAlpine +, +M.A. Schneider +( +1 ♀ +K 607768, +AMS +) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The species is named after Dr. Daniel Bickel for his contribution to the knowledge of the taxonomy of Empidoidea. + + + + +Distribution. +This species is known from central +Tasmania +and Grampian Mountains in western +Victoria +( +Fig. 42 +). + + + + +Remarks. +This species is very similar to +L. t-maculatum +sp. nov., differing in the narrow scutal stripes and brown anteprontum compared to oval scutal spots and yellow antepronotum in +L. t-maculatum +sp. nov. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF89FD6BFE1DFD1AFA8CF8F1.xml b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF89FD6BFE1DFD1AFA8CF8F1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ac5eac7401d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF89FD6BFE1DFD1AFA8CF8F1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,253 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Leptodromia Sinclair & Cumming, 2000 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae), with the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Barros, Luana M. +Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Programa de Apoio à Fixação de Jovens Doutores no Brasil (PROFIX-JD), Laboratório de Diptera (LabDip), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Sinclair, Bradley J. +Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 & Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 + + + +Author + +De Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. +Secretaria de Estado de Educação e Qualidade de Ensino do Amazonas (SEDUC), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ale-Rocha, Rosaly +Coordenação de Biodiversidade (COBIO, INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2024 + +2024-06-26 + + +76 + + +3 + + +133 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 +2201-4349 +6F5F3543-8655-4111-9FFF-D5D47F7196A3 + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Leptodromia +Sinclair & Cumming, 2000 + + + + + + + + + +1 Pleura with broad, brown transverse upper stripe from lateral margin of antepronotum to laterotergite (Fig. 23) .......................................... + +L. lineata + +sp. nov. + + + + +—— Pleura with vertical spot on anepisternum ( +Fig. 27 +), or without dark markings ( +Fig. 1 +) or pleura mostly completely darkly coloured ( +Fig. 9 +) ........................................................................................................................ 2 + + + + + + +2 Scutum with dark spots or stripes ( +Figs 2 +, +10 +, +29 +) .................................................................... 3 + + + + +—— Scutum without dark spots or stripes ( +Figs 6 +, +14 +) ..................................................................... 7 + + + + + + +3 Pleura yellow without dark markings ( +Figs 1 +, +30 +); abdominal terga pale posteriorly with dark anterior margin extending medially ( +Figs 2 +, +35 +) ................................................................................................................. 4 + + + + +—— Pleura yellow with dark markings ( +Fig. 3 +) or mostly darkly coloured ( +Fig. 9 +); abdominal terga mostly dark, without dark medial stripe ( +Fig. 9 +) ................................................................................................................. 5 + + + + + + +4 Scutal spots oval, not extended narrowly anteriorly ( +Fig. 33 +); antepronotum yellow .............................................................................. +L. t-maculatum +sp. nov. + + + + +—— Scutal spots extended narrowly anteriorly ( +Fig. 2 +); antepronotum brown ....................................................................................... + +L. bickeli + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +5 Pleura mostly completely darkly coloured, except proepisternum yellow ( +Fig. 9 +) ..................................................................... + +L. castanea + +sp. nov. + + + + +—— Pleura with dark spot confined to posterior half of anepisternum ( +Figs 3 +, +26, 27 +) .................................................................................................... 6 + + + + + + +6 Large dark spot on anepisternum extending to dorsal margin ( +Figs 26, 27 +); arista-like stylus less than half-length of postpedicel ( +Figs 28, 29 +) ......................................................................... + +L. nebulosa + +sp. nov. + + + + +—— Small dark spot on anepisternum not extending to dorsal margin ( +Fig. 3 +); arista-like stylus more than half-length of postpedicel [males only] ............................................................ + +L. bimaculata +( +Bezzi, 1904 +) + + + + + + + +7 Antenna completely brown with microtrichia; hind femur with row of strong, dark anteroventral setae; abdominal terga with pale lateral spots [females only] ( +Fig. 5 +) ........................ + +L. bimaculata +( +Bezzi, 1904 +) + + + + + +—— Antenna brown, except inner margin of scape and pedicel paler and shiny ( +Fig. 12 +); hind femur without strong, dark anteroventral setae ( +Fig. 15 +); abdominal terga with pale posterior margin [males, females] ( +Fig. 16 +) ............................................ + +L. immaculata + +sp. nov. + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF8CFD6EFF65FF30FAF4F82C.xml b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF8CFD6EFF65FF30FAF4F82C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..85b3a1fa65d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF8CFD6EFF65FF30FAF4F82C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,582 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Leptodromia Sinclair & Cumming, 2000 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae), with the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Barros, Luana M. +Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Programa de Apoio à Fixação de Jovens Doutores no Brasil (PROFIX-JD), Laboratório de Diptera (LabDip), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Sinclair, Bradley J. +Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 & Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 + + + +Author + +De Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. +Secretaria de Estado de Educação e Qualidade de Ensino do Amazonas (SEDUC), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ale-Rocha, Rosaly +Coordenação de Biodiversidade (COBIO, INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2024 + +2024-06-26 + + +76 + + +3 + + +133 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 +2201-4349 +6F5F3543-8655-4111-9FFF-D5D47F7196A3 + + + + + + +Leptodromia immaculata + + + + + + +Barros, Freitas-Silva & Sinclair +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +0FB1A592-0822-45D8-B4BA-10E87DE3E326 + + + +Figs 11–21 +, +42 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Antenna brown. Scutum, pleura and mediotergite yellow, dark brown above halter. Legs yellowish, hind femur with brown subapical band on anterior face.Abdomen yellow with broad, brown anterior half with medial extension. + + + + +Description. +Holotype +male ( +Fig. 11 +). Body length: +3.5 mm +. Wing length: +3.3 mm +( +Fig. 41 +). +Head. +Ocellar triangle shiny, with 1 pair of short, slender proclinate ocellar setae. Frons shiny, dark brown with pruinosity on lower half. Face with dense grey pruinescence. Antenna ( +Fig. 12 +) brown, except inner margin of scape and pedicel paler and shiny; postpedicel elongate, lanceolate, about 2.5 times length of scape and pedicel combined, covered with dense brown microtrichia; arista-like stylus brown, with microtrichia, slightly shorter than length of postpedicel. Proboscis yellow; palpus oval, covered with dense pale pruinosity and 1 long, slender yellow seta near middle. Occiput dark brown, shiny ( +Figs 13, 14 +); two rows of short, slender yellow setae, 1 row postoculars and 1 row occipital, lower setae slightly longer. +Thorax. +Prosternum narrow (prosternum is not fused to the proepisternum not forming a precoxal bridge). Antepronotum yellow with row of short, slender yellow setae. Scutum yellow ( +Fig. 14 +). Scutellum, mediotergite and pleura yellow with brown spot above halter. Postalar callus with 1 long, strong seta and 1 short, slender anterior setula. +Wing +( +Fig. 21 +). Broad, membrane slightly infuscate; pterostigma brown, elongated, and narrow, situated at apex of cell c. Cell dm approximately 4 times longer than wide, M +1 +very short, longer than crossvein r-m, M +2 +and M +4 +ending at wing margin; cell cua two-thirds length of cell bm. Halter whitish yellow. +Legs. +Slender, yellowish brown, except apex of mid and hind femora black, tarsi slight darker. Mid and hind tarsomeres 3–5 slightly broader than fore tarsomeres, ventrally flattened. Hind femora with brown subapical band on anterior face ( +Figs 11, 15 +). Fore femur with row of pale anteroventral setae. Mid femur with row of pale anteroventral setae; 1 long, dark subapical anterodorsal seta. Hind femur with rows anteroventral and posteroventral of pale and slender setae. Fore tibia without outstanding setae. Mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal setae: 1 near base and 1 near mid-length and 1 posterodorsal seta near mid-length; apex of 1 strong anteroventral and 1 strong posteroventral setae. Hind tibia with 2 anterodorsal black and strong setae: 1 near base and 1 near mid-length; apex with 1 strong posteroventral seta. +Abdomen +( +Fig. 16 +). Covered with short, yellow, slender setae. Yellow, with broad brown anterior band on syntergite 1+2 and tergites 6–7, tergite 3–5 with broad anterior band with short medial extension. +Male terminalia +( +Figs 17–20 +): Hypandrium short, small, slightly narrowing toward apex, with deep concavity in middle on apical margin forming bilobed apex and several short, slender setae. Phallus short, about same length as epandrial lamella; phallic shaft strongly curved near base, cylindrical, without protuberances; apex expanded, cup-like.Articulated distiphallus as long as phallic shaft with single dorsal sclerite with bifid apex; ejaculatory apodeme one-third length of hypandrium. Epandrial lamella subtriangular, with several short and slender setae on surface, longer on apical margin; right epandrial lamella 1.5 longer than wide, with several thickened setae on inner margin near cercus; left epandrial lamella 1.5 longer than wide with slight concavity and expanded section laterodorsally, bearing several thickened setae; dorsal connection between lamellae short and very narrow. Right surstylus longer than left, 3x longer than wide, apex attenuated; left surstylus shorter than left, strongly bent, with sharp apex; several short, slender setae on both surstyli. Cerci symmetrical short, digitiform-like, weakly sclerotized, covered with short and slender setae. Bacilliform sclerite asymmetrical, with short, slender setae on inner margin. Basal margin of subepandrial sclerite truncate, deeply split forming rounded concavity at middle; hypoproct divided in two small, narrow sclerites. +Female. +Similar to male, except mid and hind tarsomeres not expanded and flattened. Abdominal tergites 2–6 with dark medial extension. +Female terminalia: +not dissected. + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype + +♂ +, labelled: “ +Australian Museum +/ K 608799”; +AUSTRALIA +: Tasm. [ +Tasmania +]:/ +Mt. Barrow Rd. + +890m + +[ +41°22'3"S +147°25'50"E +]/ + +15–17.ii.1980 + +/ Nothofagus, etc./ +A. Newton +, +R +. Thayer”; “ +HOLOTYPE +/ + +Leptodromia +/ +immaculata +/ + +Barros, Freitas-Silva & Sinclair [red label]” ( +AMS +) + +. +Holotype +in good condition. + + +Paratypes +: +Australia. +Tasmania +: + +same data as holotype ( +1 ♂ +K 608309, +AMS +) + +; + +Arve +R +., +43°09'S +146°48'E +, + +3.ii.1983 + +, ypans, +I.D. Naumann +, +J.C. Cardale +( +1 ♀ +K 608801, +AMS +) + +; + +Cradle Mtn +cpgd, + +880 m + +[ +41°34'38"S +145°56'6"E +], alpine forest, ypans, + +20–22. ii.1994 + +, +B.J. Sinclair +( +1 ♂ +, +CNC +) + +; + +Franklin River +crossing, +Lyell Hwy +[ +-42.215 +, +146.019 +], + +16.i.1960 + +, D.K. +McAlpine +( +1 ♂ +K 608299, +AMS +) + +; + +Frodshams Pass +[ +42°49'6"S +, +146°23'20"E +], nr. +Mt. Wedge +, + +4–5.ii.1989 + +, rainforest, ypans, D.J. +Bickel +( +2 ♂ +K 608297, K 608298, +AMS +) + +; + +Hartz Mtns +[ +43°14'S +, +146°45'E +], + +800 ft + +, + +20.i.1960 + +, +D.K. McAlpine +( +2 ♂ +K 608294, +AMS +) + +; + +Hellyer Gorge +, +41°16'S +145°37'E +, + +17.i.1983 + +, ypans, +I.D. Naumann +, +J.C. Cardale +( +1 ♀ +K 608306, +AMS +) + +; + +10 kmS +Hellyer River +[ +41°19'S +, +145°35'E +], + +10.i.1984 + +, L. +Masner +( +2 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +CNC +; +1 ♂ +, +INPA +) + +; + +Lake St. Clair +NP [ +-42.122 +, +146.216 +], + +750 m + +, + +12.i.1984 + +, L. +Masner +( +2 ♂ +, +4 ♀ +, +CNC +) + +; + +Mt. Barrow +, + +1500 ft + +, + +24.i.1960 + +, D.K. +McAlpine +( +1 ♂ +K 608295, +AMS +) + +; + +same data except, + +3000 ft + +, + +25.i.1960 + +( +1 ♂ +K 608296, +AMS +) + +; + +Mt. Barrow +, +11 km +E by +N Nunamara +, +41°23'S +147°25'E +, + +30.i.1983 + +, I.D. +Naumann +, J.C. +Cardale +( +2 ♀ +K 608305, K 608304, +AMS +) + +; + +Mt. Field +NP, + + +3–16.i. +1984 + + +, 200 m, +L. Masner +( +7 ♂ +, +6 ♀ +, +CNC +) + +; + +Mt. Field +NP [ +42°40'S +, +146°42'E +], riparian veg., + +180 m + +, + +18.ii.1994 + +, B.J. +Sinclair +( +1 ♀ +, +CNC +) + +; + +Mt. Field +NP, +Mariette Falls +[-42.71, 146.65], + +13.i.1984 + +, L. +Masner +( +2 ♂ +, +2 ♀ +, +CNC +) + +; + +5 km +SEbyE +Redpa +, +40°57'S +144°49'E +, + +18.i.1983 + +, +I.D. Naumann +, +J.C. Cardale +( +1 ♀ +K 608300, +AMS +) + +; + +Shoobridge Bend +, +Mt. Wellington +, +42°54'S +147°15'E +, + +5.ii.1983 + +, +I.D. Naumann +, +J.C. Cardale +( +1 ♂ +K 608302, +1 ♀ +K 608301, +AMS +) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +This species is known only from +Tasmania +, where it is widely distributed ( +Fig. 42 +). + + + + +Etymology. +From Latin +im +(without) and +macula +(spot), in reference to the absence of a spot on the scutum. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF8DFD6FFEA1FC92FB7BFA0D.xml b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF8DFD6FFEA1FC92FB7BFA0D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..18a1b96ecd4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF8DFD6FFEA1FC92FB7BFA0D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Leptodromia Sinclair & Cumming, 2000 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae), with the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Barros, Luana M. +Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Programa de Apoio à Fixação de Jovens Doutores no Brasil (PROFIX-JD), Laboratório de Diptera (LabDip), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Sinclair, Bradley J. +Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 & Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 + + + +Author + +De Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. +Secretaria de Estado de Educação e Qualidade de Ensino do Amazonas (SEDUC), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ale-Rocha, Rosaly +Coordenação de Biodiversidade (COBIO, INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2024 + +2024-06-26 + + +76 + + +3 + + +133 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 +2201-4349 +6F5F3543-8655-4111-9FFF-D5D47F7196A3 + + + + + + +Leptodromia castanea + + + + + + +Barros & Sinclair +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +4553368A-BCEE-415B-A2E0-AB98C8F52938 + + + +Figs 9–10 +, +42 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Antenna with postpedicel elongate, with stylus longer than half-length of postpedicel. Scutum yellow, with pair of black stripes on prescutellar disc; pleura dark, except proepisternum; scutellum, mediotergite and laterotergite brown. Legs yellow, with brown subapical band on hind femur. Abdomen dark, with yellowish band on posterior margin of tergites, without dark medial stripe. + + + + +Description. +Holotype +male ( +Fig. 9 +). Body length: +3.5 mm +. Wing length: +3.3 mm +. +Head. +Ocellar triangle shiny, not protuberant, with pair of short, slender proclinate ocellar setae and pair of shorter posterior setae. Frons shiny, dark brown with pruinosity on lower half. Face with dense grey microtrichia. Antenna brown, except inner margin of scape and pedicel paler and shiny; postpedicel elongate, covered with dense brown microtrichia; arista-like stylus brown, with microtrichia, more than half length of postpedicel. Proboscis yellowish; palpus oval, yellow, covered with dense yellow pruinosity and long, slender yellow setae. Occiput shiny brown ( +Fig. 10 +); two rows of short, slender yellow setae, 1 row postoculars and 1 row occipital, lower setae longer. +Thorax. +Antepronotum brown, with row of short, slender yellow setae. Scutum yellow, except for two black stripes on prescutellar disc ( +Fig. 10 +). Scutellum brown; mediotergite and laterotergite brown, yellowish above halter. Pleura dark, brown, except proepisternum yellow. +Wing. +Broad, membrane hyaline; pterostigma pale, elongated and narrow, situated at apex of cell c. Cell dm more than 3 times longer than wide; M +1 +short, extending less than halfway to wing margin; M +2 +and M +4 +reaching wing margin; CuA+CuP long, curved, not reaching wing margin. Halter whitish yellow. +Legs. +Yellow, except tarsi brownish, increasingly darker apically. Mid and hind tarsomeres 3–5 slightly broader than fore tarsomeres, ventrally flattened. Hind femur with brown subapical band ( +Fig. 9 +). Fore femur with anteroventral row of long slender setae. Mid and hind femora with anteroventral and posteroventral row of pale setae; apex with preapical anterodorsal seta. Mid and hind tibiae with 1 basal anterodorsal seta; mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal and 1 posterodorsal seta near mid-length; hind tibia with 1 anterodorsal seta near mid-length. +Abdomen +( +Fig. 9 +). Brown, posterior margins of tergites with pale band, broader laterally. +Male terminalia: +not dissected. +Female. +Similar to male, except abdominal tergites with pale medial stripe. +Female terminalia: +not dissected. + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype + +♂ +, labelled: “NSW: nr Gloucester Tops [ +32°04'S +151°35'E +]; + +14-19-xi-1988 + +/ el. + +1290m + +; +D.Bickel +/ Nothofagus for.”; “Australian Museum/ K 603840”; “ +HOLOTYPE +/ + +Leptodromia +/ +castanea +/ + +Barros & Sinclair [red label]” ( +AMS +) + +. +Holotype +in good condition. + + +Paratypes +: +Australia +. +New South Wales +: + +same data as holotype ( +1 ♀ +K 603842, +AMS +) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +This species is known only from Nothofagus forest above +1200 m +on Gloucester Tops, +New South Wales +( +Fig. 42 +). + + + + +Etymology. +From Latin “ +castaneus +” (brown), in reference to the brown colour of the pleura. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF8FFD6FFF57FF31FEC1FD45.xml b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF8FFD6FFF57FF31FEC1FD45.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2da2bded2cd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/FB/7D/87/FB7D878FFF8FFD6FFF57FF31FEC1FD45.xml @@ -0,0 +1,753 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Leptodromia Sinclair & Cumming, 2000 (Diptera: Hybotidae: Ocydromiinae), with the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Barros, Luana M. +Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Programa de Apoio à Fixação de Jovens Doutores no Brasil (PROFIX-JD), Laboratório de Diptera (LabDip), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Sinclair, Bradley J. +Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 & Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. W. Neatby Bldg., C. E. F., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6 + + + +Author + +De Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. +Secretaria de Estado de Educação e Qualidade de Ensino do Amazonas (SEDUC), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ale-Rocha, Rosaly +Coordenação de Biodiversidade (COBIO, INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2024 + +2024-06-26 + + +76 + + +3 + + +133 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1897 +2201-4349 +6F5F3543-8655-4111-9FFF-D5D47F7196A3 + + + + + + + +Leptodromia bimaculata +( +Bezzi, 1904 +) + + + + + + + +Figs 3–8 +, +42 + + + + + + + +Leptopeza bimaculata +Bezzi, 1904: 22 + + +. +Type +locality: Mt. +Victoria +, NSW. + + + + + +Leptopeza bimaculata + +: + +White, 1916: 242 + +[redescription]; + +Smith, 1989: 388 + +[catalogue]. + + + + + +Leptodromia bimaculata + +: + +Sinclair & Cumming, 2000: 181 + +[new combination]; + + +Yang +et al +., 2007: 330 + + +[catalogue]. + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Antenna with postpedicel lengthened, with stylus longer than half length of postpedicel. Scutum orange yellow, with (male) or without (female) pair of dark spots on either side of prescutellar depression; pleura yellow, with (male) or without (female) dark spot or marking on anepisternum, not extending to dorsal margin. Hind femur with brown preapical band.Abdomen black, except pale distal margin of syntergite 1+2 and pale spot on the lateroposterior margins of tergites 3–4, without medial stripe. + + + + +Description. +Male ( +Fig. 3 +). Body length: +3.2 mm +. Wing length: +3.5 mm +( +Fig. 3 +). +Head. +Ocellar triangle shiny, not protuberant, with 1 pair of ocellar setae proclinate, short and slender. Frons brown with pruinescence on lower half. Face with grey pruinescence. Antenna brown; postpedicel elongate, lanceolate, more than 3 times length of scape and pedicel combined, covered with dense brown microtrichia; arista-like stylus brown, with microtrichia, more than half-length of postpedicel. Proboscis brownish; palpus oval, yellow, covered with dense yellow pruinosity and 1 long, slender yellow seta near middle. Occiput shiny black, with small triangular patch of grey pruinescence behind ocellar triangle; two rows of dark setae: 1 row of postoculars shorter and 1 row of occipital setae with lower setae longer. +Thorax. +Prosternum narrow (prosternum not fused to proepisternum and not forming precoxal bridge). Antepronotum orange yellow, with row of short, slender yellow setae. Scutum orange yellow, with pair of dark spots on either side of prescutellar depression ( +Fig. 4 +). Scutellum yellow; mediotergite yellow, except lateral margin with dark marking above halter. Pleura yellow, anepisternum with dark spot or marking on posterior half, not extending to dorsal margin. +Wing +( +Fig. 3 +). Broad, membrane hyaline; pterostigma brown, elongated, narrow, situated at apex of cell c. Cell dm more than 3 times longer than wide, M +1 +very short, longer than crossvein r-m; M +2 +and M +4 +reaching wing margin; CuA+CuP evanescent, long, straight, but not reaching wing margin. Halter whitish yellow. +Legs. +Yellow, except joint of mid and hind femora black; hind femur with dark subapical band ( +Figs 3, 5 +); tibiae light brown, apex of hind tibia darker; tarsi darker, brown. Fore femur with anteroventral and posteroventral row of slender setae. Mid femur with 1 long, strong preapical anterodorsal seta; setae of anteroventral row stronger and sparser than setae of posteroventral row. Hind femur with 1 long, strong anterodorsal setae near apex; setae of anteroventral row stronger and sparser that setae of posteroventral row, distal most seta stout. Fore tibia with 1 long, strong posterior seta, proximal to middle. Mid tibia with 2 long, strong anterodorsal setae: 1 near base and 1 near middle; 1 long, strong posterodorsal seta near middle; apex with several long, strong ventral setae. Hind tibia with 2 long, strong anterodorsal setae: 1 near base and 1 near middle. +Abdomen +( +Figs 3–5 +). Black, except pale distal margin of syntergite 1+2; tergites 3–4 with yellowish, rounded lateral spot. +Male terminalia +( +Figs 7, 8 +): Hypandrium short, small, slightly narrowing toward apex, with deep concavity in middle on apical margin forming bilobed apex and several short, slender setae. Phallus short, about same length as epandrial lamella; phallic shaft strongly curved near base, cylindrical, without protuberances; apex expanded, cup-like.Articulated distiphallus with long ventral sclerite as long as phallic shaft, with bifid apex; ventral phallic sclerite sickle-shaped, encircling apex of phallic shaft; ejaculatory apodeme one-third length of hypandrium. Epandrial lamella subtriangular, with several short and slender setae on surface, longer on apical margin; right epandrial lamella 1.5 times longer than wide, with several thickened setae on inner margin near cercus; left epandrial lamella 1.5 times longer than wide with slight concavity and expanded section laterodorsally, bearing several thickened setae; dorsal connection between lamellae short and very narrow. Right surstylus longer than left, 3 times longer than wide, apex attenuated; left surstylus shorter than left, strongly bent, with sharp apex; several short, slender setae on both surstyli. Cerci symmetrical short, digitiform-like, weakly sclerotized, covered with short and slender setae. Bacilliform sclerite asymmetrical, with short, slender setae on inner margin. Basal margin of subepandrial sclerite truncate, deeply split forming rounded concavity at middle; hypoproct divided in two small, narrow sclerites. +Female +( +Figs 5, 6 +). Similar to male except, scutum without pair of dark spots; antepisternum with dark spot or marking. +Female terminalia: +not dissected. + + + +Notes on type. +Holotype + +♂ +: +New South Wales +, Mt. +Victoria +, +10.xi.1900 +, L. Biró ( +Bezzi, 1904 +). All types collected by Biró and studied by +Bezzi (1904) +were destroyed in the 1956 fire in the +Diptera +collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum (L. Papp, pers. comm., 1999). A +neotype +was not designated because there was no exceptional need as there is little doubt in the identity of the species (see Article 75, ICZN, 1999). A male specimen from Mt. Wilson with database number “K 607764” (AMS) is identified as a good representative of this species. + + + + +Material examined. + + +Australia +. +Australian Capital Territory +: + +Black Mtn +, + +9.x.1979 + +, Z. +Liepa +( +1 ♂ +K 607763, +AMS +) + +; + +Canberra +, +Black Mtn. +, +35°16'S +149°06'E +, + +1–15. iv.1999 + +, +MT +, +G. Gibson +( +1 ♀ +, +CNC +) + +. + + +New South Wales +: + +Blue Mtns +, below +Govetts Leap +, + +7.xii.1956 + +, +D.K. McAlpine +( +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +K 607765, +AMS +) + +; + +same data except, +Mt. Wilson +[ +-33.500 +, +150.392 +], + +5.xii.1956 + +( +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀ +K 608303, +AMS +) + +; + +same data except, + +23.xi.1982 + +( +1 ♂ +K 607764, +AMS +) + +; + +same data except, + +xii.1997 + +, +R +. +Meier +, D. +McAlpine +( +1 ♂ +K 608815, +AMS +) + +; + +Blue Mtns +NP, +Blackheath +, +Grose Gorge +, + +1.xii.1993 + +, +Govett’s Ck +[ +33°38'03"S +150°20'03"E +], +B.J. Sinclair +( +1 ♀ +, +CNC +) + +; + +Blue Mtns NP +, +Mt. Wilson +, + +22.xi.1993 + +, rainfor., +Waterfall Ck +, +B.J. Sinclair +( +1 ♀ +, +INPA +) + +; + +Brown Mtn +[ +36°35'S +149°23'E +], + +50 km +W Bega + +, + +1100 m + +, + +28.i.1984 + +, +L. Masner +( +1 ♂ +, +CNC +) + +; + +Clyde Mtn +[-35.54, 149.95], nr. +Braidwood +, + +2400 ft + +, + +25.ii.1961 + +, +D.K. McAlpine +( +1 ♀ +K 603655, +AMS +) + +; + +Katoomba +[-33.72, 150.31], + +21.xii.1950 + +, 20,25. + +x.1955 + +, 3,15,20,21,29. + +xii.1956 +, +23.x.1968 + +, 30.x., 5,13,19,22,28.xi., + +5.xii.1960 + +, 15,29.i., + +14.xii.1961 + +, 12.x., + +6.xi.1962 + +, +G.H. Hardy +( +3 ♂ +K 603652, K 607762, K 607731, +20 ♀ +K 603638-603651, K 603653, K 603654, K 603657, K 603807, +AMS +) + +; + +Kosciuszko NP +, +Sawpit Ck +[-36.34, 148.54], + +21.i.1987 + +. +G.J.A. Holloway +( +1 ♀ +K 603843, +AMS +) + +; + +Paddy’s +R +., nr. +Marulan +, + +22.iv.1956 + +, +D.K. McAlpine +( +3 ♂ +K 608803, +AMS +) + +; + +Werrikimbe +, +31°15'S +152°14'E +, + +xii.1990 + +, canopy fog, +R +. +Kitching +( +1 ♀ +K 608824, +AMS +) + +. + + +Tasmania +: + +Arve +R +. +Picnic Area +, +43.1588°S +146.807°E +, + +24.x.2019 + +, +S.J. Grove +( +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀ +, +TMAG +) + +; + +Franklin +R +. crossing [ +-42.215 +, +146.019 +], +Lyell Hwy +, + +16.i.1960 + +, +D.K. McAlpine +( +1 ♀ +K 603656, +AMS +) + +; + +Mt. Field +NP [ +42°40'S +, +146°42'E +], + +7.i.1984 + +, +L. Masner +( +1 ♂ +, +CNC +) + +; + +Mt. Field +NP, nr. +Russell Falls +[ +42°40'S +, +146°42'E +], + +13.i.1960 + +, +D.K. McAlpine +( +1 ♂ +K 607715, +AMS +) + +. + + +Victoria +: + +Fernshaw +nr. +Healesville +[-37.62, 145.60], + +12.iv.1963 + +, +D.K. McAlpine +( +1 ♀ +K 603845, +AMS +) + +; + +Grampians NP +, +Delley’s Dell +, + +4 km +SSW Halls Gap + +, +37°11'S +142°31'E +, + +30.xi.1992 + +, +Moulds +, +McEvey +, +McAlpine +( +1 ♂ +K 608310, +AMS +) + +; + +Grampians NP +, + +3 km +SW Halls Gap + +, + +30.xi.1992 + +, D.K. +McAlpine +( +1 ♂ +K 608312, +AMS +) + +; + +Warburton +[-37.71, 145.74], + +19.i.1966 + +, +D.K. McAlpine +( +1 ♀ +K 603844, +AMS +) + +. + + + + +Figures 3–8 +. + +Leptodromia bimaculata +( +Bezzi, 1904 +) + +( +3 +). Male, lateral habitus; ( +4 +) Male, dorsal habitus; ( +5 +) Female, lateral habitus; ( +6 +) Female, scutum, dorsal view; ( +7 +) Male terminalia, hypandrium and phallus, ventral view; ( +8 +) Male terminalia, dorsal view.Abbreviations: +bac scl += bacilliform sclerite; +cerc += cercus; +distph += distiphalus; +ej apod += ejaculatory apodeme; +epand += epandrium; +hypd += hypandrium; +ph += phallus; +sur += surstylus. + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 42 +). This species is known from southeastern +Australia +, from northern +New South Wales +through +Victoria +at least to the Grampian Mountains, and +Tasmania +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file