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2020: figs 1–2. + + + + +Ozestheria sarsii + +– + +Rogers 2020: 24 + +. + + + + + +Estheria sarsii + +– + +Henry 1924: 122 + +, 134. + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria sarsii + +is characterized by a short condyle and a wide occipital notch; a rounded ventral carapace margin; carapace ornamentation dorsally on carapace pit-like, in following growth bands with medium to large polygonal reticulations; male rostrum with convex anterior margin, apex strongly rounded with right angle, ventral margin concave; 13–16 (male) or 14 (female) antenna I lobes reaching to antenna II flagellomeres V–VII (male) or IV (female); 11–14 (male) or 13 (female) antenna II flagellomeres; 23–24 complete thorax segments; telson with 12–22 spines, anterior spines small and conical, posteriorly increasing in size and aciculate, few larger spines interspersed; 5–8 furcal setae. + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria sarsii + +can be easily differentiated from most other species by the shape and ornamentation of the carapace as well as the telson spination. The morphologically most similar species are + +O. lutraria + +, + +O. rufa + +, + +O. paralutraria + +sp. nov. +and + +O. christiani + +sp. nov. + +Ozestheria lutraria + +has more thorax segments (25–28 vs 24) and can grow larger (up to ~ +14 mm +). The carapace ornamentation of + +O. rufa + +contains smaller, more irregular and less distinct polygonal reticulations, which transition into nodulous, highly anastomosing lirae from about mid carapace, and the apex of the female rostrum of + +O. rufa + +is less rounded and more angular and the male rostrum has a small, wing-like flange antero-dorsally on the anterior margin. + +Ozestheria christiani + +can be differentiated by its carapace ornamentation, whose medium to large polygonal reticulations are partly intermittent and with small projections into the polygon’s center. + +Ozestheria paralutraria + +differs by having more thorax segments (25 vs 23–24), a more dorsal widest extension of the posterior carapace margin (b/H 0.36–0.38 vs 0.48–0.50) and by the shapes of the male and female (drawn out into pointed tip vs rounded) rostrum. + + + + + +Type material + + + + + +Holotype + +AUSTRALIA +– + +Western Australia + +• +♂ +; +Murchinson +, +Lauke Aurean +; + +Jan. 1896 + +; +J.T. Markes +leg.; +MV J203 +. + + + + +Other material examined + + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +Western Australia + +• +2 ♂♂ +; +Lindsay Gordon Lagoon +, +SW of Lorna Glen Homestead +; +26°15′45.2″ S +, +121°29′51.2″ E +; + +18 Mar. 2014 + +; +K. Quinlan +leg.; +WAM C78008 +, +C80200 + +• + +1 ♀ +; same data as for preceding; +NHMW-ZOO-CR-28495 + + + +Additional material +(not examined) + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +Western Australia + +• +1 juv. +; +Urumurdah Lake +, near +Lake Way +; +26°40′11.5″ S +, +120°20′22.6″ E +; +2009 +; +B.V. Timms +leg.; +reared from sediment +; +AM P. 91436 + +. + + + +Type locality + + + +Western Australia +, Murchinson, Lauke Aurean [the locality of this lake is unknown]. + + + + + +Description + + + +Males + + +CARAPACE +( +Fig. 43a–c, e +). Length +7.7–8.7 mm +(HT: +7.8 mm +), height +4.2–4.6 mm +(HT: +4.2 mm +). Coloration light yellow-brownish, crowded growth bands lighter (HT: yellowish; color could be faded). 14–21 (HT: 14) growth lines, 13–16 (HT: 13) widely spaced and 1–6 (HT: 1) crowded. + + +CARAPACE +SHAPE +. Dorsal margin straight, distinct dorso-posterior corner. Posterior margin broadly rounded, suboval, equicurvate (b/H 0.49–0.50, HT: 49). Ventral margin widely rounded, posteriorly complanate. Umbo position submedian (Cr/L 0.26–0.28, HT: 0.27). + + +CARAPACE +ORNAMENTATION +( +Fig. 43f–g +). Larval valve and following growth bands with pit-like shallow medium reticulations (under SEM polygonal reticulations). From mid carapace, the reticulations become wider (large in last few non-crowded growth bands) and more pronounced, forming a polygonal mesh across each growth band with each polygon usually being a pentagon, hexagon or heptagon. The floor of each polygon with minute, pit-like depressions (best seen under SEM). Within growth bands ventral polygons (close to the following concentric ridge) dorso-ventrally compressed and decreasing in size. Crowded growth bands with irregular, granular ornamentation. Concentric ridges raised, with pitted/ polygonal ornamentation. Setae spiniform; preferentially preserved on ventral parts of the carapace, setal pores in single line along all growth lines under SEM. + + + +Fig. 43. + +Ozestheria sarsii +( +Sayce, 1903 +) + +. +a–e +. Carapace. +a +. Male, holotype (MV J203). +b +. Male (WAM C78008). +c +. Carapace, Dorsal view male, holotype (MV J203, right valve only). +d +. Female (NHMW-ZOO-CR-28495). +e +. Male (WAM C80200), SEM. +f–g +. Carapace ornamentation (positions marked in a and e by rectangles). +f +. Mid-dorsal carapace, male (WAM C80200), SEM. +g +. Mid-carapace, male, holotype (MV J203). +h–j +. Head (antennae not shown). +h +. Male, holotype (MV J203). +i +. Male (WAM C78008). +j +. Female (NHMW-ZOO-CR-28495). +k–m +. Telson. +k +. Male, holotype (MV J203). +l +. Male (WAM C78008). +m +. Female (NHMW-ZOO-CR-28495). +n +. Male, third left thoracopod (WAM C78008). +o +. Distribution map (produced in ArcMap 10.7; see caption Fig. 7 for sources). Scale bars: a–e =1 mm; f =0.1 mm; g–j, n= 0.5 mm; k–m= 0.2 mm. + + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 43h–i +). Condyle rounded, short, only weakly protruding; occipital notch wide. Condyle lacking anterobasal hump. Margin between condyle and ocular tubercle straight to weakly convex. Ocular tubercle weakly to well developed, forming nearly rectangular to obtuse (~120°) angle with rostrum. Anterior margin of rostrum strongly convex. Apex strongly rounded, acute (~70°) to nearly rectangular. Ventral margin of rostrum with notch anteriorly; concave about half-length, pointing apex slightly downwards. Naupliar eye subtriangular, small (HT: naupliar eye not visible, may be faded). Antenna I long with 13–16 (HT: 16) lobes, reaching to antenna II flagellomeres V–VII (HT: VI). Antenna II with 11–14 (HT: 11) flagellomeres. + + +THORAX +. 23–24 (HT: 24) segments, 23–24 (HT: 23) thoracopod-bearing and one or no posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Mid to posterior thoracopod-bearing segments with spine bearing dorsal extensions. Posterior segments without dorsal extension or spines. + + +THORACOPOD +III (only WAM C78008; +Fig. 43n +). Endite I short and curved dorsally. Endites II–V broad, decreasing in size. Endite V palp two-segmented, basal segment shorter than endopod. Exopod ventral extension shorter in extension to endopod, dorsal extension wide, narrowing distally, overreaching epipod. Epipod long, cylindric. + + +TELSON +( +Fig. 43k–l +). 12–22 spines (HT: 12) spines. First (anterior) spine enlarged. Spines conical, irregularly spaced, anteriormost spine large, following spines small, one larger spine about ⅔ of telson length; posteriorly spines slightly thinner and more drawn out and increasing in size (last ~⅓ of telson). Dorsal margin straight or slightly convex anteriorly. Left or right (HT: left) terminal claw more strongly curved. + + +FURCA +( +Fig. 43k–l +). Proximally with dorsomedial longitudinal row of 5–8 (HT: 7) setae, row ending distally in a single conical spine. Distal part ½ of furcal length, with numerous small denticles. + + +Female + + +Overall appearance as in males. Carapace ( +Fig. 43d +) length +7.8 mm +, height +4.2 mm +; 18 growth lines, 15 widely spaced and 3 crowded; Cr/L 0.24 and b/H 0.48. Anterior margin of rostrum slightly convex; apex strongly rounded, acute angle (~80°); ventral margin weakly concave, with small notch anteriorly ( +Fig. 43j +). Antenna I with 14 small lobes, lobes smaller than in males; reaching to antenna II flagellomere IV. Antenna II with 13 flagellomeres. 24 segments, 24 thoracopod-bearing and no posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Telson with 18 dorsal spines; left and right terminal claws equally curved ( + +Fig. +43m + +). Furca with 5 setae. + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 43o +) + + + +Ozestheria sarsii + +is known from its +type +locality in western +Western Australia +and two localities in central +Western Australia +. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +The original type series comprises only a single male specimen, with no genetic information. In the geometric morphometric analyses of carapace shape ( +Fig. 5 +), + +O. sarsii + +is distinct from most other species and most similar to +O. +sp. T ( + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +) and + +O. rufa + +. The species assignment classified + +O. sarsii + +as +O +. sp. X10 (probability 97.3%; which probably represents + +O. rufa + +; Supp. file 1_4.10) or +O. +sp. T (probability 2.7%), though the classification was not supported by the very low typicality scores (0.02 and 0.003). The type specimens of + +O. sarsii + +and + +O +. +rufa + +differ considerably in their general morphology (e.g., shape male rostrum, telson spination and carapace ornamentation). + +Ozestheria sarsii + +has an overall strong morphological resemblance to + +Ozestheria +sp. + +T (sensu + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +) (e.g., the carapace ornamentation and shape, the shape of the male head and rostrum, the number of growth lines and thorax segments) and their geographic distribution is similar, supporting their conspecifity. The +holotype +of + +O. sarsii + +differed from the other specimens mainly in the shape of the ventral carapace margin (which was more strongly curved, and which might have resulted in the low probability scores in the classification; however, in +O. +sp. T this character was variable, ranging from straight to slightly curved) and the strong curvature of the left telsonic claw. The latter is only rarely observed in + +Ozestheria + +, though we interpret it as an individual aberration rather than a diagnostic feature. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FF77FF0B14D5FEECFC34FA8B.xml b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FF77FF0B14D5FEECFC34FA8B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..26cb1ddf6b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FF77FF0B14D5FEECFC34FA8B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1287 @@ + + + +Revision of the Australian Ozestheria Schwentner & Richter, 2015 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) fauna, with the descriptions of 27 new species + + + +Author + +Schwentner, Martin +720F61F1-5EAC-42D2-A66C-B91B439DB2A1 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 1010 Vienna, Austria. +martin.schwentner@nhm.at + + + +Author + +Hethke, Manja +288F3F34-AD0D-4DF7-AD5D-434FACC207E5 +LWL-Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Referat Paläontologie, D- 48161 Münster, Germany and Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Department Geowissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, D- 12249 Berlin, Germany. +manja.hethke@lwl.org + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-05-23 + + +992 + + +1 +172 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2905/13169 + +journal article +310666 +10.5852/ejt.2025.992.2905 +b20376ef-b3ad-4388-9d36-83923c3da158 +2118-9773 +15774488 +24F7D1C9-A2DA-4F31-B6FE-7A7DDF54D202 + + + + + + +Ozestheria typica +( +Spencer & Hall, 1896 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + +Figs 48–49 + + + + + + + +Estheria packardi +var. +typica +Spencer & Hall, 1896: 237 + + +, fig. 21. + + + + + +Caenestheriella packardi +var. +typica + +– + +Daday 1914: 120 + +. + + + + + +Cyzicus packardi +var. +typica + +– + +Brtek 1997: 48 + +. + + + + + +Ozestheria packardi + +(in part) – + +Richter & Timms 2005: 347 + +. — + +Rogers 2020: 24 + +. + + + + +Ozestheria +sp. + +Q5 – + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +: figs 2, 6; 2020: figs 1–2. — + +Hethke +et al +. 2023 + +: fig. 11. + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria typica + +comb. nov. +is characterized by a long condyle and a narrow occipital notch; carapace ornamentation dorsally on carapace punctate (may appear granular), in following growth bands anastomosing lirae forming ventrally within growth band, lirae become longer, less anastomosing and more pronounced with progressing growth bands; male rostrum with weakly convex anterior margin, apex weakly rounded with ~70–90° angle, ventral margin posteriorly weakly convex (rarely straight) with slight notch close to apex; female rostrum anterior margin short, slightly convex to straight, apex rectangular and drawn out into small and acute tip, ventral margin straight to strongly convex; 10– 14 (male) or 8–14 (female) antenna I lobes reaching to antenna II flagellomeres V–X (male) or II–V (female); 8–13 (male) or 8–12 (female) antenna II flagellomeres; 19–20 complete thorax segments; 18– 32 large telsonic spines, anterior spines small and conical, posterior spines thinner, drawn out, aciculate and increasing in size posteriorly, one larger cone-shape and one larger aciculate spine interspersed (rarely up to three larger spines each interspersed); 1–14 furcal setae. + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria typica + +comb. nov. +can be differentiated from many other species of + +Ozestheria + +by the narrow occipital notch and long condyle in combination with the carapace ornamentation (dominated by punctate ornamentation dorsally on carapace, transitioning to distinct, subparallel lirae during ontogeny), except from + +O. cancellata + +comb. nov. +, + +O. minor + +comb. nov. +, + +O. fuersichi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. jonnae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. marthae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. selmae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. radiata + +sp. nov. +, + +O. bourkensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. rincewindi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. barcaldinensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. ngamurru + +sp. nov. +, + +O. beleriandensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. quinlanae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. glabra + +sp. nov. +, + +O. pilbarensis + +sp. nov. +and + +O. weeksi + +sp. nov. +, and differentiating these species can be difficult. + +Ozestheria typica + +differs from + +O. cancellata + +, + +O. fuersichi + +, + +O. jonnae + +, + +O. marthae + +, + +O. rincewindi + +, + +O. barcaldinensis + +, + +O. ngamurru + +, + +O. quinlanae + +, + +O. glabra + +, + +O. pilbarensis + +and + +O. weeksi + +in having at least the posterior half of the telsonic spines long, elongate and aciculate (in the other species fewer telsonic spines are long and aciculate and more spines shorter and conical) and by the shape of the female rostrum (straight anterior margin and apex drawn out into a minutely pointed tip). In + +O. minor + +the line between condyle and ocular tubercle is straight and the female antennae I and II have more lobes and flagellomeres. + +Ozestheria bourkensis + +generally has fewer telsonic spines and the angle between the ocular tubercle and rostrum is nearly rectangular in males (vs obtuse in + +O. typica + +). + +Ozestheria selmae + +has a larger carapace (length 3.7–7.0 vs 2.8–5.5; while having similar numbers of growth lines), more complete thorax segments and the apex of the female rostrum is not as minutely pointed. + +Ozestheria beleriandensis + +has a more rounded ventral carapace margin and a slightly longer carapace. + +Ozestheria radiata + +has a larger carapace and the apex of the male rostrum is more strongly rounded. + + + + + +Type material + + + + + +Syntypes + +AUSTRALIA +– +Northern Territory or + +South Australia + +• +3 ♂♂ +, +4 ♀♀ +, +1 spec. +; +Charlotte Waters Central Australia +; +Horn Expedition +leg.; the material was given to the collections of +MV +by +O.A. Sayce + +25 Jul. 1911 + +, the syntypes probably dried out in the past and are in rather poor condition, the soft bodies are greatly distorted and the corresponding features could be inferred only in a few instances; +MV J54046 + +. + + + +Other material examined + + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +2 ♀♀ +; E of +Lake Lauradale +, +29°51′22″ S +, +145°38′49″ E +; + +29 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91679 +, +P.91678 + +• + +1 ♂ +; E of +Lake Lauradale +; +29°51′22″ S +, +145°38′49″ E +; + +18 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91753 + +• + +4 ♂♂ +; +Muella Station +, +Lower Lake Eliza +; +29°25′28.9″ S +, +145°03′41.8″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91754 to P.91757 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +6 ♀♀ +; N of +Wyandra +; +27°11′03.2″ S +, +145°59′41.2″ E +; + +17 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91747 to P.91750 +, +P.91695 to P.91697 + +. – + + +Northern Territory + +• +3 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Ilpara claypans +near +Alice Springs +; +23°45′15.8″ S +, +133°47′52.7″ E +; + +27 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91681 to P.91684 + +. – + + +Queensland + +• +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +grassy turbid swamp +; +27°41′52.4″ S +, +146°45′44.7″ E +; + +18 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91751 +, +P91752 +, +P.91758 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Currawinya National Park +, +well-vegetated claypan +; +28°47′19.4″ S +, +144°17′43.3″ E +; + +24 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91742 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +Currawinya National Park +, + + +Triops + +claypan + +; +28°47′14.9″ S +, +144°17′49.1″ E +; + +24 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91743 to P.91745 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Currawinya National Park +, +claypan halfway on northern fence of Bilby enclosure +; +28°52′12.8″ S +, +144°21′52.1″ E +; + +25 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91741 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Gidgee claypan + +9 km + +from +Tenham Station +; +25°41′02.4″ S +, +143°00′59.4″ E +; + +28 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91737 to P.91739 + +• + +1 ♂ +; same data as for preceding; +NHMW-ZOO-CR-28492 + +. – + + +South Australia + +• +1 ♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +old small dugout + +105 km +E + +of +Marla +; +27°10′00.2″ S +, +134°33′07.2″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91723 to P.91725 +, +P.91766 + +• + +4 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +daisy claypan + +106 km +E of + +Marla +; +27°10′02.2″ S +, +134°33′30.7″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91727 to P.91730 + +• + +3 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +daisy claypan + +106 km +E of + +Marla +; +27°10′02.2″ S +, +134°33′30.7″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91719 to P.91722 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +dead shrub dam + +1 km +N of + +William Creek +; +28°54′14.0″ S +, +136°19′35.4″ E +; + +12 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91718 + +. – + + +Western Australia + +• +1 ♀ +; +roadside scrape +, + +12 km +W + +of +Paynes Find +; +29°17′07″ S +, +117°34′01″ E +; + +20 Aug. 2011 + +; +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91708 + +. + + +Additional material +(not examined) + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +5 +juvs; + +25 km +E of + +Engonia +; +29°15′29.7″ S +, +146°05′37.4″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91759 to P.91763 + +• + +3 +juvs; +Bloodwood Station +, + +turbid +Marsilea +swamp + +S of Junction Pool +; +29°31′33.3″ S +, +144°50′23.6″ E +; + +23 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91746 +, +P.91764 +, +P.91765 + +. + + + +Type locality + + + +Spencer & Hall (1896) +did not specify a type locality but generally stated where they collected + +O. packardi + +and its newly described varieties as “Common in water-holes along the Finke and its tributaries, also in the Macumba and Stevenson Rivers”. The label of the +syntype +collection states “Charlotte Waters Central +Australia +”. + + + + + +Description + + + +Males + + +CARAPACE +( +Fig. 48a–d, f +). Length +3.3–4.6 mm +(ST: +3.3–3.7 mm +, mean: +3.8 mm +), height 2.0–2.6 (ST: +1.9–2.3 mm +, mean: +2.3 mm +). Coloration orange to reddish-brown or light brownish, coloration lighter ventrally on carapace; outer margin whitish. 14–48 (ST: 14–16, mean: 25) growth lines, 11–19 (ST: 11–12, mean: 15) widely spaced and 3–30 (ST: 3–5, mean: 11) crowded. + + +CARAPACE +SHAPE +. Dorsal margin straight, rounded or distinct dorso-posterior corner. Posterior margin broadly rounded, suboval, equicurvate to infracurvate (b/H 0.46–0.57, ST: 0.46, mean: 0.51) with greatest extension at or below midline. Ventral margin nearly straight. Umbo position submedian (Cr/L 0.26–0.35, ST: 0.26–0.27, mean: 0.29). + + +CARAPACE +ORNAMENTATION +( + +Fig. +48g +–k + +). Larval valve and directly following growth bands finely punctate (may appear granular). Within following growth bands, dorsal parts punctate, with shallow and strongly anastomosing lirae forming ventrally within growth band (the onset and extent of lirae differs markedly between individuals; in some individuals lirae appear to reach across full growth bands also dorsally on carapace). Lirae becoming more pronounced in progressing ontogenetic stages and posteriorly. From mid-dorsal carapace, lirae pronounced and less strongly anastomosing (especially posteriorly on carapace). Crowded growth bands often too closely set for ornamentation, otherwise well defined, parallel lirae. Concentric ridges shallow. Setae mostly filiform (rarely spiniform); preferentially preserved on ventral and posterior parts of the carapace if any preserved. Setal pores in single row along all growth lines. + + + +Fig. 48. + +Ozestheria typica + +comb. nov. +( +Spencer & Hall, 1896 +). +a–f +. Carapace. +a +. Male, syntype (MV J54046). +b +. Male, syntype (MV J54046), SEM. +c +. Dorsal view (male, P.91738). +d +. Male (P.91738). +e +. Female (P.91737). +f +. Male (P.91739), SEM. +g–i +. Carapace ornamentation of male syntype (MV J54046; positions marked in a, b by rectangles). +g +. Posterior carapace. +h +. Mid-carapace, SEM. +i +. Ventral carapace, SEM. +j–k +. Carapace ornamentation of male (P.91739; positions marked in f by rectangles), SEM. +j +. Mid-carapace. +k +. Posterior carapace. Scale bars: a–f=0.5 mm; g–k =0.1 mm. + + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 49a–c +). Condyle long, distally acute; occipital notch narrow. Condyle with anterobasal hump. Margin between condyle and ocular tubercle slightly to strongly concave. Ocular tubercle well developed, forming obtuse angle with rostrum, which can be nearly straight or close to rectangular (ranging from ~100–170°). Rostrum dorsally protruding from head. Anterior margin of rostrum weakly convex. Ventral margin of rostrum with slight notch close to apex, posteriorly weakly convex, rarely straight; apex weakly rounded with ~70–90° angle (due to following notch, the overall angle ~60–70°). Rostrum shape subtrapezoidal. Naupliar eye usually relatively short and stout, triangular, anterior vertex sometimes widened and rounded. Antenna I long with 10–14 lobes (mean: 12), reaching to antenna II flagellomeres V–X (mean: VIII). Antenna II with 8–13 flagellomeres (mean: 11). + + +THORAX +. 19–21 (mean: 20) segments, 19–20 (mean: 19) thoracopod-bearing and none to one posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Last ~13 thoracopod-bearing segments with spine and/ or setae bearing dorsal extensions. Dorsal extensions increasing in size posteriorly over successive segments (until ~10 +th +last segment). Most segments with 5–7 spines or setae, posterior segments with three or one stout spine. + + +THORACOPOD +III (only P.91738; +Fig. 49f +). Endite I short and curved dorsally. Endites II–V broad, decreasing in size. Endite V palp two-segmented, basal segment subequal in length to endopod. Exopod ventral extension shorter in extension to endopod, dorsal extension wide, narrowing distally, overreaching epipod. Epipod long, cylindric. + + +TELSON +( +Fig. 49h–i +). 18–30 spines (ST: 18–20; mean: 25). First (anterior) spine greatly enlarged. Following spines subequal in length, anterior ~½ of spines small and conical, posterior spines thinner, drawn out, aciculate and increasing in size posteriorly. Usually, one larger conical and one larger aciculate spine interspersed, rarely up to three larger spines each interspersed. Dorsal margin either straight or anteriorly convex (~1/5–⅓ of length) and posteriorly concavely curved. Right terminal claw more strongly curved than left. + + +FURCA +( +Fig. 49h–i +). Proximally with dorsomedial longitudinal row of 1–14 (mean: 6) setae, row ending distally in a single conical spine. Distal part ½–⅔ of furcal length, weakly to strongly curved, with numerous small denticles. + + +Females + + +Overall appearance as in males. Carapace ( +Fig. 48e +) length +2.8–5.5 mm +(ST: +2.8–3.8 mm +; mean: +4.2 mm +), height +1.8–3.3 mm +(ST: +1.8–2.2 mm +; mean: +2.6 mm +); 16–40 (ST: 16–17, mean: 28) growth lines, 12–28 (ST: 12–13, mean: 17) widely spaced and 0–32 (mean: 11) crowded; Cr/L 0.25–0.30 (mean: 0.28) and b/H 0.48–0.57 (mean 0.53). Rostrum clearly protruding dorsally, anterior margin short, slightly convex to straight; apex pointed, drawn out into small, acute tip, overall rectangular; ventral margin straight to strongly convex, lacking anterior notch; overall rostrum shape trapezoidal ( +Fig. 49d–e +). Antenna I with 8–14 small lobes (mean: 10), lobes smaller than in males, but usually clearly demarcated from each other; reaching to antenna II flagellomeres II–V (mean: IV). Antenna II with 8–12 flagellomeres (mean: 11). 19–21 (mean: 20) segments, 19–20 (mean: 19) thoracopod-bearing and none to one posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Telson with 20–32 (ST: 27, mean: 26) dorsal spines; difference in curvature of left and right terminal claws less pronounced than in males ( + +Fig. +49g + +). Furca with 2–6 setae (mean: 5). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 49j +) + + + +Ozestheria typica + +comb. nov. +is one of the most widely distributed Australian spinicaudatan species. It has been recorded in eastern +Australia +(especially in the northern Murray-Darling Basin in northern +New South Wales +and southern +Queensland +), central +Australia +(northern +South Australia +and southern +Northern Territory +, e.g., close to Alice Springs) as well as +Western Australia +(close to Paynes Find). It occurs predominately in turbid claypans, dugouts or swamps. + + + + +Fig. 49. + +Ozestheria typica + +comb. nov. +( +Spencer & Hall, 1896 +). +a–e +. Head (antennae not shown). +a +. Male, syntype (MV J54046). +b +. Male (P.91738). +c +. Male (P.91739), SEM. +d +. Rostrum female syntype (MV J54046). +e +. Female (P.91737). +f +. Third left thoracopod (male, P.91738). +g–i +. Telson. +g +. Female, syntype (MV J54046, furcal setae not shown as animal was dried out). +h +. Male (P.91739), SEM. +i +. Male (P.91738). +j +. Distribution map (type locality indicated by dotted line; produced in ArcMap 10.7; see caption Fig. 7 for sources). Scale bars: a–c= 0.2 mm; d–i =0.1 mm. + + + + + +Remarks + + + + +Ozestheria typica + +comb. nov. +was originally described as one of three varieties of + +O. packardi + +by +Spencer & Hall (1896) +. Previous workers (e.g., +Richter & Timms 2005 +; +Rogers 2020 +) have synonymized these varieties with + +O. packardi + +. However, the large cryptic species diversity within + +O. packardi + +, which was revealed by molecular genetic analyses ( + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +), strongly suggested that + +O. typica + +and the other varieties represent valid species. A comparison between the +syntypes +and the genetically delimited species strongly suggests that + +O. typica + +corresponds to + +Ozestheria +sp. + +Q5 of + +Schwentner +et al +. (2015a) + +. This correspondence includes in particular details of the carapace ornamentation and shape, the telson spination pattern and the rostrum shapes (especially the minutely pointed female apex) as well as the geographic distribution. + + +In the geometric morphometric analyses of carapace shape ( +Fig. 6 +), + +O. typica + +comb. nov. +is distinct from that of most other species and overlaps partly with those of + +O. jiangi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. minor + +comb. nov. +, + +O. selmae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. radiata + +sp. nov. +, + +O. bourkensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. ngamurru + +sp. nov. +, + +O. beleriandensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. carnegiensis + +sp. nov. +and + +O. echidna + +sp. nov. +In the classification of type specimens, the mean shape of the +syntypes +of + +O. typica + +(Supp. file 2_4.6) was most similar to +O +. sp. Q5 (44.5% probability, 0.26 typicality), followed by the closely related species +O +. sp. Q3 ( + +O. selmae + +; 25.2% probability, 0.27 typicality) and +O +. sp. Q4 ( + +O. radiata + +; 20.1% probability, 0.30 typicality). + + +The +syntypes +of + +O. typica + +were neither explicitly marked as types nor as + +O. typica + +. Based on the labels and notes associated with these specimens, they were identified as + +Caenestherialla packardi + +(= + +O +. +packardi + +) by Sayce (1911) and Timms (2008). However, the collection details of these specimens correspond to the material from the Horn Expedition, which was collected and studied by Spencer & Hall. In combination with the morphological congruence, it is highly likely that these are the original type specimens of + +O. typica + +. + + + +Schwentner +et al +. (2015a) + +reported five very closely related species (termed + +Ozestheria +sp. + +Q1–Q5), which are probably reproductively separated. While one of these represents + +O. typica + +comb. nov. +(= +O +. sp. Q5), three others are formally described as new species herein: + +O. weeksi + +sp. nov. +(= +O +. sp. Q2), + +O. selmae + +sp. nov. +(= +O +. sp. Q3) and + +O. radiata + +sp. nov. +(= +O +. sp. Q4). Of +O. +sp. Q1, only three individuals were available, of which two are probably not fully mature. As this does not allow a proper assessment of the species’ morphological variability and its differentiation from the other closely related species, we decided to not formally name and describe +O. +sp. Q1 herein. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FF89FFFD14EEFC25FB4FFE9C.xml b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FF89FFFD14EEFC25FB4FFE9C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..28b48ca82a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FF89FFFD14EEFC25FB4FFE9C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,252 @@ + + + +Revision of the Australian Ozestheria Schwentner & Richter, 2015 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) fauna, with the descriptions of 27 new species + + + +Author + +Schwentner, Martin +720F61F1-5EAC-42D2-A66C-B91B439DB2A1 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 1010 Vienna, Austria. +martin.schwentner@nhm.at + + + +Author + +Hethke, Manja +288F3F34-AD0D-4DF7-AD5D-434FACC207E5 +LWL-Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Referat Paläontologie, D- 48161 Münster, Germany and Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Department Geowissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, D- 12249 Berlin, Germany. +manja.hethke@lwl.org + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-05-23 + + +992 + + +1 +172 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2905/13169 + +journal article +310666 +10.5852/ejt.2025.992.2905 +b20376ef-b3ad-4388-9d36-83923c3da158 +2118-9773 +15774488 +24F7D1C9-A2DA-4F31-B6FE-7A7DDF54D202 + + + + + + +Ozestheria packardi +( +Brady, 1886 +) + +species inquirenda + + + + + + + + +Estheria packardi +Brady, 1886: 85–86 + + +, fig. c. + + + + + +Estheria packardi + +– + +Sars 1895: 28–29 + +, figs 4–5. — + +Spencer & Hall 1896: 236–238 + +, figs 9–14. — + +Sayce 1903: 250–252 + +, 255, fig. 34. — + +Henry 1924: 121–122 + +, 134. + + + + + +Cyzicus +( +Estheria +) +packardi + +– Wolf 1911: 254. — + +Dakin 1914: 295 + +. + + + + + +Caenestheriella packardi + +– + +Daday 1914: 108 + +, 116–120, fig. 20. — + +Richter & Timms 2005: 347 + +. + + + + + +Cyzicus packardi + +– Bishop 1967: fig. d. — + +Brtek 1997: 46 + +. + + + + + +Ozestheria packardi + +– + +Rogers 2020: 24 + +. + + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Since Sars’ (1895) detailed redescription of + +O. packardi + +, it appeared to be the most ubiquitous and widespread of all Australian spinicaudatan species, being found in virtually all +types +of habitats throughout (semi)arid +Australia +(e.g., + +Timms +et al +. 2006 + +; +Timms 2009b +). Every individual with a long condyle was attributed to this species. Already in 1896, Spencer & Hall described three varieties (var. + +typica +, var. +minor + +and + +var. +cancellata + +), noting that these represent only the most extreme forms and that various intermediates had been observed (because of these intermediates they hesitated to raise these varieties to species). Subsequent authors usually regarded these varieties as junior synonyms of + +O. packardi + +(e.g., +Richter & Timms 2005 +; +Rogers 2020 +). Molecular genetics showed that the individuals with a long condyle (i.e., + +packardi + +-like) represent at least 14 different species. None of these can be safely attributed to the original description of + +O. packardi + +. In his original description, +Brady (1886) +only superficially described and depicted the carapace, which occupies a central position in + +Ozestheria + +morphospace ( +Fig. 6 +), completely ignoring the main body. He based the description on specimens from Lake Bonney and Fowler Bay ( +South Australia +), which are> +500 km +apart, noting some differences in carapace coloration (only one individual with a lighter marginal band), though it is not clear which were depicted. It is highly likely that Brady incorporated and mixed individuals of different species in the original description of + +O. packardi + +. Moreover, the long condyle, which has long served as the main identification character, was not mentioned by Brady; it first appears in the detailed redescription by +Sars (1895) +. However, Sars did not study any +types +, but specimens collected near Hay in southern +New South Wales +which most likely belong to yet another species. In 1896, Sars further described the development of + +O. packardi + +in detail; however, based on specimens raised from mud collected in Sydney. + + +The original description of + +O. packardi + +is not adequate and all subsequently published redescriptions are probably based on other species. Thus, + +O. packardi + +has to be treated as a species inquirenda. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FF93FF17176BF9DAFCA3F9EC.xml b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FF93FF17176BF9DAFCA3F9EC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1cd06072c07 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FF93FF17176BF9DAFCA3F9EC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,790 @@ + + + +Revision of the Australian Ozestheria Schwentner & Richter, 2015 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) fauna, with the descriptions of 27 new species + + + +Author + +Schwentner, Martin +720F61F1-5EAC-42D2-A66C-B91B439DB2A1 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 1010 Vienna, Austria. +martin.schwentner@nhm.at + + + +Author + +Hethke, Manja +288F3F34-AD0D-4DF7-AD5D-434FACC207E5 +LWL-Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Referat Paläontologie, D- 48161 Münster, Germany and Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Department Geowissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, D- 12249 Berlin, Germany. +manja.hethke@lwl.org + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-05-23 + + +992 + + +1 +172 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2905/13169 + +journal article +310666 +10.5852/ejt.2025.992.2905 +b20376ef-b3ad-4388-9d36-83923c3da158 +2118-9773 +15774488 +24F7D1C9-A2DA-4F31-B6FE-7A7DDF54D202 + + + + + + +Ozestheria rubra +( +Henry, 1924 +) + + + + + + +Figs 40–41 + + + + + + + +Estheria rubra +Henry, 1924: 121 + + +, 134–135, fig. 32. + + + + + +Caenestheria rubra + +– + +Richter & Timms 2005: 346 + +. + + + + +Ozestheria +sp. D + +1 – + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015 a + +: figs 2, 6. + + + +Ozestheria +sp. D + +2 – + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015 a + +: figs 2, 6. + + + + +Ozestheria rubra + +– + +Rogers 2020: 24 + +. + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria rubra + +is characterized by a short condyle and wide occipital notch; a rounded ventral carapace margin; carapace ornamentation with medium to large, well-developed polygonal reticulations, each polygon with polygonal secondary ornamentation (best seen under SEM); male rostrum with strongly convex anterior margin, apex rounded with right angle, ventral margin concave, pointing apex downwards; female rostrum anterior margin straight or weakly convex, apex pointed (in some individuals elongated, drawn out), ventral margin slightly concave; 13–22 (male) or 13–20 (female) antenna I lobes reaching to antenna II flagellomeres VII–X (male) or III–V (female); 12–15 (male) or 10–18 (female) antenna II flagellomeres; 22–23 complete thorax segments; 14–27 small, unequally sized and spaced conical telsonic spines, spines in the central part of the telson enlarged; 3–15 furcal setae. + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + +See differential diagnosis of + +O. elliptica + +. + + + + + +Type material + + + + + +Syntype + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +1 ♀ +; +Goorimpa Station +; +1923 +; +Henry +(?) leg.; +AM P.6773 + +. + + + +Other material examined + + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +2 ♂♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +big lake +near +Cumeroo +; +29°15′22.2″ S +, +145°15′03.8″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91397 to P.91401 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Gidgee Lake +; +29°33′10.4″ S +, +144°50′12.7″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P. 91379, P.91389–91392 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Woolshed Saltlake +; +29°31′44.3″ S +, +144°51′11.1″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91393, P.91394 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Woolshed Saltlake +; +29°31′44.3″ S +, +144°51′11.1″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +NHMW-ZOO-CR-28489 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Roszkos Paleolake +; +29°27′42.9″ S +, +144°48′12.5″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91380 + +. – + + +Northern Territory + +• +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀♀ +; +island hyposaline lake + +60 km +N + +of +Kulgera +; +25°19′23.2″ S +, +133°12′41.7″ E +; + +10 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91415 to P.91419 + +• + +4 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +lake + +20 km +W of + +Erldunda +; +25°14′36.5″ S +, +132°59′40.3″ E +; + +6 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91410 to P.91414 +, +P.91396 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +creek +into +Mygoora +; +25°22′ S +, +132°38′ E +; + +6 Apr. 2011 + +; +Low +leg.; +P.91383 to P.91386 + +. – + + +South Australia + +• +3 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; quarry +Pool Algebuckina +; +27°54′13.9″ S +, +135°48′47.1″ E +; + +12 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91387 +, +P.91402 to P.91404 + +. + + +Additional material +(not examined) + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +3 +juvs; +Bloodwood Station +, +turbid marsilea swamp +S of Junction Pool +; +29°31′33.3″ S +, +144°50′23.6″ E +; + +23 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91388 +, +P.91405 +, +P.91406 + +. + + + +Type localities + + + +New South Wales +, Marra and Budda Stations (Darling River) and Goorimpa Station (Paroo River; +29°34′ S +, +144°17′ E +). + + + + + +Description + + + +Males + + +CARAPACE +( +Fig. 40b–c, e–f +). Length +6.7–9.3 mm +(mean: 8.0 mm), height +3.3–5.5 mm +(mean: +4.7 mm +). Coloration brown to whitish (nearly translucent), outer margin lighter, whitish. 18–32 (mean: 23) growth lines, 13–20 (mean: 16) widely spaced and 2–14 (mean: 7) crowded. + + +CARAPACE +SHAPE +. Dorsal margin straight, distinct dorso-posterior corner. Posterior margin broadly rounded, suboval, supracurvate (b/H 0.40–0.46; mean: 0.43). Ventral margin widely rounded. Umbo position anterior (Cr/L 0.17–0.22, mean: 0.20). + + + +Fig. 40. + +Ozestheria rubra +( +Henry, 1924 +) + +. +a–f +. Carapace. +a +. Female, syntype (P.6773). +b +. Male (P.91392). +c +. Dorsal view (right valve only, male, P.91392). +d +. Female (P.91412). +e +. Male (P.91394), SEM. +f +. Male (P.91411), SEM. +g–j +. Carapace ornamentation (positions marked in a, b, e by rectangles, respectively). +g +. Mid-carapace (male, P.91394), SEM. +h +. Ventral carapace (male, P.91394), SEM. +i +. Mid-ventral carapace (female syntype, P.6773). +j +. Ventral carapace (male, P.91392). +k +. Male, third right thoracopod (P.91392). Scale bars: b–f=1 mm; g, i= 0.05 mm; j–k= 0.5 mm. + + + +CARAPACE +ORNAMENTATION +( + +Fig. +40g +–h, j + +). Larval valve with shallow reticulations. Each growth band with well developed, strongly raised, medium to large reticulations. Reticulations form polygonal mesh across each growth band with each polygon usually being a pentagon, hexagon or heptagon. Polygon-size increasing during ontogeny, largest in the dorsal to median part of each growth band; under SEM secondary mesh or polygonal reticulation within each primary polygon (less strongly developed or absent ventrally within growth bands and ventrally on carapace). Ornamentation uniform across all non-crowded growth bands, crowded growth bands usually a single row of polygonal structures resulting in radial appearance. Concentric ridges raised. Setae variable in size; preferentially preserved on ventral and posterior parts of the carapace. Setal pores in single, irregular row along all growth lines. + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 41a–c +). Condyle rounded, short, only weakly protruding; occipital notch wide. Condyle lacking anterobasal hump. Margin between condyle and ocular tubercle straight or weakly concave. Ocular tubercle weakly to well developed, forming obtuse (~90°–120°) angle with rostrum. Anterior margin of rostrum strongly convex.Apex strongly rounded, nearly rectangular. Ventral margin of rostrum deeply concave with obtuse angle about half-length, pointing apex slightly downwards; small notch anteriorly in most individuals. Naupliar eye small or elongated, sub-triangular or roundish. Antenna I long with 13–22 (mean: 17) lobes, reaching to antenna II flagellomeres VII–X (mean: VIII). Antenna II with 12–15 (mean: 13) flagellomeres. + + +THORAX +. 22–24 (mean: 23) segments, 22–23 (mean: 22) thoracopod-bearing and none to one posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Mid to posterior thoracopod-bearing segments with spine bearing dorsal extensions. Dorsal extensions increasing in size posteriorly over successive segments; spines mostly short, in posterior segments with fewer spines and central spines stouter but shorter. + + +THORACOPOD +III (only P.91392; +Fig. 40k +). Endite I short and curved dorsally. Endites II–V broad, decreasing in size. Endite V palp one-segmented. Exopod ventral extension subequal in extension to endopod, dorsal extension wide, narrowing distally, overreaching epipod. Epipod long, cylindric. + + +TELSON +( + +Fig. +41g +–h + +). 16–25 (mean: 20) spines. First (anterior) spine enlarged. Spines conical, subequally spaced, anterior spines smaller, followed by several (3–5) larger spines close to the central part of the telson (with few interspersed smaller spines); posteriorly spines slightly thinner and more drawn out and slightly increasing in size (last ⅓ of telson). Dorsal margin either slightly concave or s-shaped (anteriorly slightly convex, posteriorly concavely curved). Right terminal claw more strongly curved than left. + + +FURCA +( + +Fig. +41g +–h + +). Proximally with dorsomedial longitudinal row of 4–15 (mean: 9) setae, row ending distally in a single conical spine. Distal part ½–⅔ of furcal length, with numerous small denticles. + + +Females + + +Overall appearance as in males. Carapace ( +Fig. 40a, d +) length 5.3–9.0 mm (ST: +7.7 mm +; mean: +7.1 mm +), height 3.0– +5.6 mm +(ST: +4.4 mm +; mean: +4.2 mm +); 14–30 (ST: 17; mean: 20) growth lines, 13–20 (ST: 14; mean: 15) widely spaced and 0–15 (ST: 3; mean: 5) crowded; Cr/L 0.18–0.22 (ST: 0.20; mean 0.20) and b/H 0.37–0.47 (ST: 0.43; mean: 0.43). Ocular tubercle forming obtuse (~120°–180°) angle with rostrum. Anterior margin of rostrum straight to weakly convex or slightly undulating; apex pointed (not or only weakly rounded), in some individuals tip elongate, drawn out; ventral margin concavely curved (usually less strongly compared to males) or straight ( +Fig. 41d–f +). Antenna I with 13–20 (ST: 19; mean: 16) small lobes, lobes smaller than in males; reaching to antenna II flagellomeres III–V ( +syntype +: III; mean: IV). Antenna II with 10–18 (ST: 14; mean: 14) flagellomeres. 22–24 (ST: 22; mean: 23) segments, 22–23 (ST: 22; mean: 23) thoracopod-bearing and none to one posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Telson with 14–27 (ST: 19; mean: 18) dorsal spines; left and right terminal claws equally curved. Furca with 3–10 setae (in majority of individuals furca damaged or broken off); distal part ½–¾. + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 41j +) + + + +Ozestheria rubra + +occurs in the central Paroo River and Darling River catchments in northern +New South Wales +as well central +Australia +(southern +Northern Territory +and northern +South Australia +). Several and maybe even all (not all water bodies have been studied for their water chemistry) habitats are hyposaline. + + + + +Fig. 41. + +Ozestheria rubra +( +Henry, 1924 +) + +. +a–f +. Head (antennae not shown). +a +. Male (P.91394), SEM. +b +. Male (P.91392). +c +. Male (P.91410). +d +. Female, syntype (P.6773; nauplius eye was not visible). +e +. Female (P.91390). +f +. Female (P. 91412). +g–i +. Telson. +g +. Male (P.91394), SEM. +h +. Male (P.91392). +i +. Female, syntype (P.6773; furca broken off). +j +. Distribution map (circle depicts type localities; produced in ArcMap 10.7; see caption Fig. 7 for sources). Scale bars: a–c, e–f, h =0.5 mm; g=0.2 mm. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +The single type specimen in the collection of the Australian Museum (P.6773) is labeled as a +syntype +; however, no further type specimens are currently known. In the original description, Henry mentioned three stations from which the species was collected (Marra, Budda and Goorimpa Station). The available +syntype +is from Goorimpa Station. + + +The original description by +Henry (1924) +is based on a few individuals only and does not provide an overview of the intraspecific variability.In the original drawing the carapace is shown with a strong convex curvature along the dorsal margin; this was not observed in the studied +syntype +or any other individual (the margin was always straight; maybe the carapace was drawn from a slightly ventral perspective); nor does the umbonal region of the drawing match the types or other individuals studied here. Their umbos protrude above the dorsal margin and the larval valves are distinctly smaller than implied by the drawing (in the description, Henry did mention “prominent umbones”). Henry furthermore wrote that the carapace lacked “crowded concentric striae”, which probably are what we refer to as “crowded growth lines”. In fact, these are present in Henry’s type specimens and in many other studied specimens and must have been overlooked by her. In Henry’s drawing the telson is wrongly demarcated from the preceding thorax segments, giving the wrong impression that the telson bears three large spines before the actual spination (these are probably the dorsal extensions of the last thorax segments); also, the spines of the telson are depicted as very long, thin and aciculate. This does not agree with the situation in the +syntype +or the other studied specimens, where the anterior spines are usually smaller and more conical. Henry noted a “bright red to reddish-brown” color in living specimens. The studied +syntype +was nearly translucent and devoid of any obvious coloration. Several of the herein studied preserved specimens were also nearly translucent, others were brownish. + + +In the geometric morphometric analyses ( +Fig. 5 +), + +O. rubra + +is distinct from most other species and overlaps partly with + +O. matuwa + +sp. nov. +, + +O. henryae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. richteri + +sp. nov. +and + +O. gemina + +sp. nov. +in the PCA and LDA. The classification of the + +O. rubra + +syntype +with +O +. sp. D1+D2 was strongly supported by a posterior probability of 97.8% and a typicality score of 0.96. The next highest typicality scores were 0.54 and 0.47 for + +O. matuwa + +and + +O. henryae + +, respectively, but the associated posterior probabilities were low (1.7% and 0.4%). + + + +Schwentner +et al +. (2015a) + +delimited two genetic lineages ( +O +. sp. D1 and D2), which are now summarized in + +O. rubra + +. The genetic differences between the two were rather low (COI uncorrected +p +-distances ≤ 4.2%), also compared to the other closely related species + +O. matuwa + +sp. nov. +and + +O. henryae + +sp. nov. +, which showed distances of 5.4–14.3%. The only apparent morphological difference between +O. +sp. D1 and D2 are broader concentric ridges on the carapace in +O +. sp. D1, which does not warrant a separation into two species. Assigning +O +. sp. D1 and D2 to + +O. rubra + +is straightforward due to the morphological congruence and the shared geographic distribution. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFA0FFC11767FEECFDC9F9CD.xml b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFA0FFC11767FEECFDC9F9CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7d7945ab7a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFA0FFC11767FEECFDC9F9CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1864 @@ + + + +Revision of the Australian Ozestheria Schwentner & Richter, 2015 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) fauna, with the descriptions of 27 new species + + + +Author + +Schwentner, Martin +720F61F1-5EAC-42D2-A66C-B91B439DB2A1 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 1010 Vienna, Austria. +martin.schwentner@nhm.at + + + +Author + +Hethke, Manja +288F3F34-AD0D-4DF7-AD5D-434FACC207E5 +LWL-Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Referat Paläontologie, D- 48161 Münster, Germany and Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Department Geowissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, D- 12249 Berlin, Germany. +manja.hethke@lwl.org + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-05-23 + + +992 + + +1 +172 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2905/13169 + +journal article +310666 +10.5852/ejt.2025.992.2905 +b20376ef-b3ad-4388-9d36-83923c3da158 +2118-9773 +15774488 +24F7D1C9-A2DA-4F31-B6FE-7A7DDF54D202 + + + + + + +Ozestheria lutraria +( +Brady, 1886 +) + + + + + + +Figs 25–26 + + + + + + + +Estheria lutraria +Brady, 1886: 85 + + +, fig. b. + + + + + + +Estheria dictyon +Spencer & Hall, 1896: 236 + + +, fig. 20. + + + + + +Estheria lutraria + +– + +Spencer & Hall 1896: 234–235 + +, fig. 20. — + +Sayce 1903: 254 + +, 256, fig. 35. — + +Henry 1924: 121–122 + +, 134. + + + + + +Estheria dictyon + +– + +Sayce 1903: 255–256 + +, fig. 36a. — + +Henry 1924: 122 + +, 134. + + + + +Cyzicus dictyon + +– +Wolf 1911: 254 +. — +Dakin 1911: 295 +. + + + +Cyzicus lutraria + +– +Wolf 1911: 254 +. — +Dakin 1911: 295 +. + + + + +? +Caenestheria dictyon + +– + +Daday 1914: 105 + +. + + + + + +Caenestheria lutraria + +– + +Daday 1914: 56 + +, 90–92, fig.11. — + +Richter & Timms 2005: 344 + +. + + + + + +Eocyzicus lutrarius + +– + +Brtek 1997: 49 + +. + + + + +Ozestheria +sp. C + +– + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +: figs 2, 6. — + +Hethke +et al +. 2023 + +: fig. 10. + + + + +Caenestheria dictyon + +– + +Richter & Timms 2005: 346 + +. + + + + + +Ozestheria lutraria + +– + + +Schwentner +et al +. 2020: 1–2 + + +. — + +Rogers 2020: 23–24 + +. + + + + + +Ozestheria dictyon + +– + +Schwentner +et al +. 2020 + +: figs 1–2. — + +Rogers 2020: 23 + +. + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria lutraria + +is characterized by a short condyle and a wide occipital notch; straight ventral margin of carapace and strongly supracurvate posterior margin; carapace ornamentation with large, well-developed polygonal reticulations, each polygon without secondary ornamentation (best seen under SEM); male rostrum with convex anterior margin, apex rounded with acute angle, ventral margin strongly concave, pointing apex downwards; female rostrum anterior margin weakly convex, apex pointed with weakly or strongly drawn-out tip, ventral margin strongly concave; 14–24 (male) or 14–20 (female) antenna I lobes reaching to antenna II flagellomeres III–VIII (male) or III–VIII (female); 13– 17 (male) or 14–17 (female) antenna II flagellomeres; 24–27 complete thorax segments; 7–20 (adults usually ~11, juveniles more) usually very small and widely spaced, conical spines (spines in juveniles larger); 8–17 furcal setae. + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria lutraria + +can be easily differentiated. It is the largest growing species (up to nearly +14 mm +). The most characteristic features are the carapace shape (oblong, oval), the carapace ornamentation (large polygonal reticulations on all growth bands of the primary growth phase), the largest number of thorax segments (25–28) and telson spination. The morphologically most similar species are + +O +. +rufa + +, + +O. paralutraria + +sp. nov. +, + +O. sarsii + +and + +O. christiani + +sp. nov. + +Ozestheria sarsii + +differs by the shape of the male and female rostrum (i.e., rounded apex), the lower number of thorax segments and antennal lobes, and the polygons of carapace ornamentation of + +O. christiani + +are partly intermittent. + +Ozestheria rufa + +can be differentiated by the ornamentation (not all wide growth bands with polygonal reticulations) and the shape of the female rostrum (males currently unknown for + +O +. +rufa + +), whose ventral margin is not as strongly concave and whose apex is pointed, but not drawn out into an elongated tip. + +O. paralutraria + +can be differentiated by its fewer thoracic segments (24 vs 25–27 complete segments), more telsonic spines ( +16–18 in + +O. paralutraria + +, whereas + +O. lutraria + +rarely has more than 15), fewer setae on the carapace (in a single row vs in two rows along each concentric ridge in + +O. lutraria + +; best seen under SEM) and by length of the carapace (up to +9 mm +vs> +10 mm +in + +O. lutraria + +). Juveniles of + +O. lutraria + +may be confused with other species as their telsonic spines are unusually large and prominent, but the carapace shape is identical to those of the adults. + + + + + +Type material + + + + + +Neotype + +(here designated) +AUSTRALIA +– + +Queensland + +• +1 ♂ +; +Currawinya National Park +, +claypan halfway on northern fence of Bilby enclosure +; +28°52′12.8″ S +, +144°21′52.1″ E +; + +25 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +GenBank +no: +KJ705517 +(COI); +AM P.91288 +. + + + + +Other material examined + + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +1 ♂ +; +E +of +Lake Lauradale +; +29°51′22″ S +, +145°38′49″ E +; + +29 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.89647 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +claypan-like +West of Engonia +; +29°18′32.8″ S +, +145°44′06.9″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91353 +, +P.91354 + +• + +3 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Georges Tank +; +29°32′57.4″ S +, +14°48′52.1″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91378 +, +P.91366 to P.91369 + +• + +4 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +Muella Station +, +Lower Lake Eliza +; +29°25′28.9″ S +, +145°03′41.8″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.82575 +, +P.82576 +, +P.91345 to P.91347 +, +P.91352 + +. – + + +Northern Territory + +• +1 juv. +; +Ilparpa Claypan +near +Alice Springs +; + +13 Jan. 2010 + +; +J Van Der Reijden +leg.; +AM P.91378 + +• + +3 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Ilparpa claypans +near +Alice Springs +; +23°45′15.8″ S +, +133°47′52.7″ E +; + +27 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91283 +, +P.91341 to P.91343 + +. – + + +Queensland + +• +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; same data as for neotype; GenBank nos: +KJ705514 +, +KJ705515 +, +KJ705518 +(COI); +AM P.91285 +, +P.91286 +, +P.91289 + +• + +1 ♂ +; same data as for neotype; GenBank no: +KJ705516 +(COI); +NHMW-ZOO-CR-28488 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +; +Currawinya National Park +, + + +Triops + +claypan + +; +28°47′14.9″ S +, +144°17′49.1″ E +; + +24 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91314 +, +P.91315 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +cane grass swamp + +75 km +E of + +Wyandra +; +27°23′03.5″ S +, +146°36′33.7″ E +; + +17 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91355 to P.91358 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +; +grassy turbid swamp + +10 km + +from +Bollon +road junction; +27°41′52.4″ S +, +146°45′44.7″ E +; + +18 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91375 +, +P.91376 + +• + +3 +juvs; black box claypan + +58 km + +from +Hungerford Road +; +28°50′23.1″ S +, +143°53′46.0″ E +; + +26 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91311 to P.91313 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +4 ♂♂ +; +claypan + +46 km +E of + +Thargomindah +; +28°05′05.1″ S +, +144°14′54.7″ E +; + +27 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91336 to P.91340 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +claypan spring complex +edge of +Simpson Desert +; +23°34′45.5″ S +, +138°40′07.0″ E +; + +6 Nov. 2010 + +; +A. Emmett +leg.; +AM P.91306 to P.91309 + +. – + + +South Australia + +• +8 +juvs; “South Australia”; syntypes of + +Ozestheria dictyon + +; +MV J53359 + +• + +4 ♂♂ +; +vegetated stony dugout + +34 km +N of + +Marla +; +27°05′26.8″ S +, +133°28′16.2″ E +; + +10 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91316 +, +P.91319 to P.91322 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +old small dugout + +105 km +E of + +Marla +; +27°10′00.2″ S +, +134°33′07.2″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91302 +, +P.91304 +, +P.91305 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +cane grass swamp + +44 km +W of + +Oodnadatta +; +27°20′07.1″ S +, +135°07′47.7″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91323 +, +P.91325 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +; +Fogatys Claypan + +60 km +N + +of +Oodnadatta +; +27°03′21.4″ S +, +135°14′57.2″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91295 +, +P.91298 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀♀ +; +claypan + +16 km + +north Williams Creek +; +28°52′03.6″ S +, +136°11′08.6″ E +; + +12 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91326 to P.91330 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +deepened claypan + +19 km +S of + +William Creek +; +29°04′55.0″ S +, +136°31′59.5″ E +; + +12 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91331 to P.91334 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Stevenson’s Creek +; +Horn Expedition +leg.; +MV J53362 + +. + + +Additional material +(not examined) + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; E of +Lake Lauradale +; +29°51′22″ S +, +145°38′49″ E +; + +29 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.80857 +, +P.91344 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +E of Lake Lauradale +; +29°51′22″ S +, +145°38′49″ E +; + +18 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91370 to P.91374 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +claypan-like + +19 km +E of + +Engonia +; +29°17′06.9″ S +, +146°02′23.9″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91348 to P.91351 + +• + +2 ♀♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Turkey claypan +; +29°33′19.8″ S +, +144° 50′17.8″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91359 +, +P.91360 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Barnato Station +, lake next to homestead at + +80 km +W of Cobar + +; +31°36′52.4″ S +, +144°52′12.6″ E +; + +29 Mar. 2010 + +; +B.V. Timms +leg.; +raised from sediment +; +AM P.91284 + +. – + + +Northern Territory + +• +1 juv. +; +Ilpara Claypan Alice Springs +; +23°45′16″ S +, +133°47′49″ E +; + +13 Jan. 2010 + +; +J. van der Reijden +leg.; +AM P.91377 + +. – + + +Queensland + +• +3 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; + +big claypan +41 km +east Wyandra + +; +27°22′50.4″ S +, +146°18′06.4″ E +; + +17 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91361 to P.91365 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀♀ +; +Currawinya National Park +, +turbid claypan +S of North Kaponyee +; +28°49′27.4″ S +, +144°19′44.5″ E +; + +24 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91290 to P.91294 + +• + +2 ♀♀ +; +Currawinya National Park +, +claypan at old Wyara Junction +; +28°47′49.4″ S +, +144°17′55.6″ E +; + +24 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91317 +, +P.91318 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Currawinya National Park +, +Big Darko Claypan +; +28°52′19.1″ S +, +144°17′34.5″ E +; + +25 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91335 + +• + +1 juv. +; +black box claypan + +58 km + +from +Hungerford Road +; +28°50′23.1″ S +, +143°53′46.0″ E +; + +26 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91310 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +claypan + +45 km +E of + +Thargomindah +; +28°05′15.0″ S +, +144°15′47.0″ E +; + +27 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91300 + +. – + + +South Australia + +• +1 ♂ +; +vegetated stony dugout + +34 km +N + +of +Marla +; +27°05′26.8″ S +, +133°28′16.2″ E +; + +10 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91321 + +• + +2 ♀♀ +; +old small dugout + +105 km +E of + +Marla +; +27°10′00.2″ S +, +134°33′07.2″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91301 +, +P.91303 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +cane grass swamp + +44 km +W of + +Oodnadatta +; +27°20′07.1″ S +, +135°07′47.7″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91324 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Fogatys Claypan + +60 km +N + +of +Oodnadatta +; +27°03′21.4″ S +, +135°14′57.2″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91296 +, +P.91297 +, +P.91299 + +. + + + +Type locality + + + +Brady (1886) +noted “Cooper Creek, at Innamincka, Central +Australia +” as the locality. As the type material is lost and the exact locality unknown, we designated a +neotype +. The new type locality is: +Australia +, +Queensland +, Currawinya National Park, claypan halfway on northern fence of Bilby enclosure, +28°52′12.8″ S +, +144°21′52.1″ E +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Males + + +CARAPACE +( +Fig. 25a–b, d–f +). Length +9.6–13.8 mm +(NT: 11.0 mm, mean: +11.6 mm +), height 5.0– +7.3 mm +(NT: +5.6 mm +, mean: 6.0 mm). Coloration light brown to dark brown or dark reddish-brown, crowded growth bands lighter, yellowish to whitish (in juveniles carapace lightly colored, sometimes translucent). 16–25 (NT 21, mean: 20) growth lines, 12–18 (NT: 15, mean: 15) widely spaced and 1–9 (NT: 6, mean: 5) crowded. + + +CARAPACE +SHAPE +. Dorsal margin straight, dorso-posterior corner distinct or rounded (NT: rounded). Posterior margin rounded, greatly extending posteriorly (giving the whole carapace an oval appearance), supracurvate to strongly supracurvate (b/H: 0.24–0.44, NT: 0.34, mean: 0.32). Mid-section of ventral margin nearly straight, posteriorly widely rounded. Umbo position anterior (Cr/L: 0.17–0.22, NT: 0.22, mean: 0.20). + + +CARAPACE +ORNAMENTATION +( + +Fig. +25g +–h + +, see also +Fig. 26d–e +). Larval valve and first few growth bands appear smooth (might be due to abrasion). All other non-crowded growth bands with large reticulations. Reticulations form polygonal mesh across each growth band with each polygon usually being a pentagon, hexagon or heptagon. Under SEM, polygon centers smooth or granular, without secondary reticulations. Reticulations become irregular and transition to broken lines on growth bands of incipient carapace crowding; crowded growth bands very narrow, without obvious ornamentation (under SEM, crowded growth bands and secondary growth phase with inconspicuous, very fine anastomosing liral ornamentation). Concentric ridges raised. Setae very short, thin and inconspicuous, in many individuals none visible; under SEM two irregular rows of setae and corresponding setal pores along all growth lines. + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 25i–j +). Condyle short, rounded only weakly protruding; occipital notch wide. Condyle lacking anterobasal hump. Margin between condyle and ocular tubercle straight, rarely slightly concave. Ocular tubercle weakly developed, rarely strongly developed; forming obtuse angle (~110–140°) with rostrum; angle close to 90° when ocular tubercle strongly developed. Anterior margin of rostrum convex. Apex rounded with acute angle (~70°). Ventral margin of rostrum deeply concave with obtuse angle about half-length (sometimes anteriorly close to apex), pointing apex strongly downwards. Naupliar eye very small (rarely not visible), roundish to sub-triangular. Antenna I long, 14–24 lobes (NT: 21; mean: 20), reaching to antenna II flagellomeres III–VIII (NT: XI; mean: VII). Antenna II with 13–17 flagellomeres (NT: 15; mean: 15). + + + +Fig. 25. + +Ozestheria lutraria +( +Brady, 1886 +) + +. +a +. Original drawings of carapace by +Brady (1886) +. +b +. Carapace (male neotype, P.91288). +c +. Carapace (female, P.91334). +d +. Carapace, dorsal view (right valve only, male neotype, P.91288). +e–h +. Carapace (male, P.91285), SEM. +e +. Anterior. +f +. Posterior. +g +. Ornamentation midcarapace (position marked in e by rectangle). +h +. Ornamentation ventral carapace. +i–k +. Head (antennae not shown). +i +. Male, neotype (P.91288). +j +. Male (P.91319). +k +. Female (P.91289). +l +. Third left thoracopod (male neotype, P.91288). +m–o +. Telson. +m +. Male (P.91285), SEM. +n +. Male, neotype (P.91288). +o +. Female (P.91356). Scale bars: b–f =1 mm; g–h =0.2 mm; i–o= 0.5 mm. + + + +THORAX +. 25–28 (NT: 26; mean: 26) segments, 25–27 (NT: 25; mean: 25) thoracopod-bearing and none to two (NT: one) posterior limbless segments not reaching dorsal margin. From about midbody, segments with minute dorsal extensions with few long spines, posteriormost segments usually without spines (juveniles with more extensive dorsal extensions and always with long spines on last segments). + + + +Fig. 26. + +Ozestheria lutraria +( +Brady, 1886 +) + +. +a–f +. Several syntype specimens of + +O. dictyon + +(MV J53359; juveniles of + +O. lutraria + +). +a +. Carapace. +b +. Mid-carapace ornamentation. +c +. Carapace, SEM. +d +. Dorsal carapace ornamentation (position marked in c by rectangle). +e +. Ventral carapace ornamentation (position marked in c by rectangle). +f +. Telson. +g +. Telson of + +O. lutraria + +, juvenile (P.91378). +h +. Distribution map (original type locality indicated by circle; newly selected type locality of neotype indicated by red dot; type locality of + +O. dictyon + +indicated by dotted circle; produced in ArcMap 10.7; see caption Fig. 7 for sources). Scale bars: a, c= 1 mm; b=0.5 mm; d–g=0.1 mm. + + + +THORACOPOD +III (only P.91288; +Fig. 25l +). Endite I short and curved dorsally. Endites II–V broad, decreasing in size. Endite V palp two-segmented, basal segment shorter than endopod. Exopod ventral extension subequal in extension to endopod, dorsal extension wide, narrowing distally, overreaching epipod. Epipod long, cylindric. + + +TELSON +( + +Fig. +25m +–n + +). 9–20 (NT: 8, mean: 11) spines. First (anterior) spine enlarged. Spines conical. Spines widely and unequally spaced, varying in size, most spines small or tiny, in some individuals and especially juveniles spines larger and more prominent. Dorsal margin anteriorly (to about mid-length) straight, then evenly concavely curved. Right terminal claw more strongly curved than left. + + +FURCA +( + +Fig. +25m +–n + +). Proximally with dorsomedial longitudinal row of 8–17 (NT: 11) setae, row ending distally in a single conical spine. Distal part ¼–⅓ of furcal length, with numerous small denticles. + + +Females + + +Overall appearance as in males. Carapace ( +Fig. 25c +) length 9.0–13.0 mm (mean: +10.9 mm +), height +4.7–6.9 mm +(mean: +5.7 mm +); 15–22 (mean: 17) growth lines, 12–17 (mean: 15) widely spaced, and 0–6 (mean: 2) crowded; Cr/L 0.17–0.23 (mean: 0.19) and b/H 0.27–0.40 (mean: 0.32). Ocular tubercle weakly developed, rarely strongly developed; forming obtuse angle (~110–140°) with rostrum (never close to rectangular; +Fig. 25k +). Anterior margin of rostrum weakly convex (less strongly than in males). Apex of rostrum drawn out into acute tip, protruding weakly to strongly from rostrum, apex forming acute angle ~45–70°. Antenna I with 14–20 small lobes (mean: 18), lobes smaller than in males; reaching to antenna II flagellomeres III–VIII (mean: V). Antenna II with 14–17 flagellomeres (mean: 15). 25–27 (mean: 26) thorax segments, 24–26 (mean: 25) thoracopod-bearing and none to two posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Telson with 7–14 (mean: 11) dorsal spines ( +Fig. 25o +); left and right terminal claws equally curved. Furca with 8–16 setae (mean: 12). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 26h +) + + +Common and widely distributed in the (semi)arid regions of central and eastern +Australia +. It lives mostly in very turbid claypans and cane grass swamps and is only rarely found in clearer water bodies. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Brady’s (1886) +first description of + +O. lutraria + +was based only on dried carapaces. +Spencer & Hall (1896) +described the species in more detail based on newly collected specimens from central +Australia +(collected a few hundred kilometers W of Brady’s specimens). In the same publication, Spencer & Hall also firstly described + +O. dictyon +. + +Based on their descriptions and figures, the species were mostly distinguished by fewer thorax segments (‘legs’), smaller overall size, larger and more pronounced spines on the telson, and a lighter (semitranslucent) carapace in + +O. dictyon + +. But they did not provide a direct comparison between the two species and mostly compared them to + +O. packardi + +. In our morphometric analyses, both species (including the +type +material of + +O. dictyon + +and the specimens of + +O. lutraria + +studied by Spencer & Hall) clearly overlapped ( +Fig. 5 +) and the +types +of + +O. dictyon + +were classified as + +O. lutraria + +with a probability score of 1. Moreover, juvenile specimens of + +O. lutraria + +studied by us clearly showed the morphological features otherwise associated with + +O. dictyon + +. Taken together, + +O. dictyon + +probably represents subadults or late juveniles of + +O. lutraria + +. As + +O. lutraria + +was described first, + +O. dictyon + +is a junior synonym of + +O. lutraria + +. This was already suggested by +Dakin (1914) +; however, without providing any explanation and subsequent authors did not follow his suggestion. + + +Assigning + +O. lutraria + +to one of the species genetically differentiated by + +Schwentner +et al +. (2015a) + +was not as straightforward as anticipated. The species genetically differentiated as +O +. sp. C has been previously referred to as + +O. lutraria + +(e.g., +Richter & Timms 2005 +). However, the original description of + +O. lutraria + +is very brief and based solely on a single dried-out “somewhat shrunk and distorted” carapace ( +Brady 1886: 85 +). When we included the original drawing of + +O. lutraria + +by +Brady (1886) +in our geometric morphometric analyses, it was placed somewhat intermediate between + +O. lutraria + +, + +O. matuwa + +sp. nov. +, + +O. henryae + +sp. nov. +and + +O. christiani + +sp. nov. +( +Fig. 5 +), with the highest similarity to + +O. lutraria + +(probabilities of 44.2%, 7.2%, 33.1% and 15.0%, respectively; Supp. file 1_4.2). But even for + +O. lutraria + +, the specimen represented an outlier shape. The differences between Brady’s drawing and all other specimens of + +O. lutraria + +are a convex ventral margin and a less steeply inclined ventroposterior margin in the drawing. Brady also described the carapace to be compressed behind the middle when seen from dorsal. Such a strong compression was observed neither in specimens of + +O. lutraria + +nor in any other studied species of + +Ozestheria + +. Probably the carapace distorted when drying out, leading to this posterior compression. There are two strong arguments in favor of +O. +sp. C representing + +O. lutraria + +. + +Ozestheria +sp. C + +has the largest carapace of all the species studied herein and the size of Brady’s specimen (H: ~ +6.4 mm +, L: +11.1 mm +) falls well within its size range and is even close to its mean values, whereas the carapaces of + +O. christiani + +sp. nov. +and + +O. paralutraria + +sp. nov. +are smaller than Brady’s specimen. Furthermore, + +Ozestheria +sp. C + +has been collected from a large number of localities all around (west, north and east) the former +type +locality at Innamincka in northern +South Australia +. + +Ozestheria christiani + +is known from a single locality in southern +South Australia +only, ~ +500 km +from the former +type +locality of + +O. lutraria + +, and +O. +sp. X11 from an even more distant locality in northwestern +Western Australia +. + + +Genetically, + +O. lutraria + +is most similar to + +O. paralutraria + +sp. nov. +with uncorrected +p +-distances in COI of only 4.2–4.9% (Supp. file 4). + + + +Ozestheria lutraria + +shows remarkable ontogenetic changes between late juvenile (or subadult) stages and adults. This affected not only expected ontogenetic changes such as an increase in the number of thorax and antennal segments or the number of furcal setae, but also changes not necessarily associated with late ontogeny: with increasing age, spines on the dorsal extension on the last thorax segments are reduced, the spines on the telson decrease in size and become more conical ( + +Fig. +25m +–o + +) (juveniles with longer and more aciculate spines; +Fig. 26f–g +) and the distal portion of the furca decreases in size relative to the basal portion. A few adults still had spines on the dorsal extension or several larger spines on the telson and it is possible that these characters would have further changes with subsequent molts. + + +To clarify the taxonomic status of + +O. lutraria + +, it was deemed necessary to designate a +neotype +, particularly in the light of the many newly described species, some of which are morphologically similar to + +O. lutraria + +, and the newly established synonymy with + +O. dictyon + +. There is no evidence that the driedup carapaces collected by Brady are preserved in any collection; requests to relevant collections yielded no such material and also +Richter & Timms (2005) +suggested that the original material was lost. No material from the type locality was available and a specimen from a comparable locality was selected. The +neotype +was selected to match both the original description of Brady as well as the redescription by Spencer & Hall as closely as possible. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFB0FFF114EAF9E2FB1BFCE8.xml b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFB0FFF114EAF9E2FB1BFCE8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..857d25bcfed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFB0FFF114EAF9E2FB1BFCE8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1327 @@ + + + +Revision of the Australian Ozestheria Schwentner & Richter, 2015 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) fauna, with the descriptions of 27 new species + + + +Author + +Schwentner, Martin +720F61F1-5EAC-42D2-A66C-B91B439DB2A1 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 1010 Vienna, Austria. +martin.schwentner@nhm.at + + + +Author + +Hethke, Manja +288F3F34-AD0D-4DF7-AD5D-434FACC207E5 +LWL-Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Referat Paläontologie, D- 48161 Münster, Germany and Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Department Geowissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, D- 12249 Berlin, Germany. +manja.hethke@lwl.org + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-05-23 + + +992 + + +1 +172 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2905/13169 + +journal article +310666 +10.5852/ejt.2025.992.2905 +b20376ef-b3ad-4388-9d36-83923c3da158 +2118-9773 +15774488 +24F7D1C9-A2DA-4F31-B6FE-7A7DDF54D202 + + + + + + +Ozestheria minor +( +Spencer & Hall, 1896 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + +Figs 30–31 + + + + + + + +Estheria packardi +var. +minor +Spencer & Hall, 1896: 238 + + +, fig. 21. + + + + + +Caenestheriella packardi +var. +minor + +– + +Daday 1914: 121–122 + +. + + + + + +Cyzicus packardi +var. +minor + +– + +Brtek 1997: 48 + +. + + + + + +Ozestheria packardi + +(in part) – + +Richter & Timms 2005: 347 + +. — + +Rogers 2020: 24 + +. + + + + +Ozestheria +sp. B + +– + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +: figs 2, 6.; 2020: figs 1–2. — + +Hethke +et al +. 2023 + +: fig. 10. + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria minor + +comb. nov. +is characterized by a long condyle and a narrow occipital notch; carapace ornamentation dorsally on carapace punctate, in following growth bands anastomosing lirae forming, lirae become longer, more pronounced and less anastomosing with progressing growth bands; male rostrum with straight (rarely slightly undulating) anterior margin, apex acute angle (~45–60°), sometimes weakly rounded, ventral margin concave, pointing apex slightly downwards; female rostrum with straight anterior margin, apex rectangular and drawn out into small acute tip, ventral margin weakly concave; 10–16 (male) or 12–16 (female) antenna I lobes reaching to antenna II flagellomeres VI–X (male) or I–V (female); 11–15 (male) or 11–15 (female) antenna II flagellomeres; 19–23 complete thorax segments; 17–28 telsonic spines, spines on anterior third of telson thin and conical, following spines increasing in size, becoming longer, drawn out, aciculate and more closely spaced, all spines comparatively large; 4–10 furcal setae. + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria minor + +comb. nov. +can be differentiated from many other species of + +Ozestheria + +by the narrow occipital notch and long condyle in combination with the carapace ornamentation (dominated by punctate ornamentation dorsally on carapace, transitioning to distinct, subparallel lirae during ontogeny), except from + +O. cancellata + +comb. nov. +, + +O. typica + +comb. nov. +, + +O. fuersichi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. jonnae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. marthae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. selmae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. radiata + +sp. nov. +, + +O. bourkensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. rincewindi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. barcaldinensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. ngamurru + +sp. nov. +, + +O. beleriandensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. quinlanae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. glabra + +sp. nov. +, + +O. pilbarensis + +sp. nov. +and + +O. weeksi + +sp. nov. +, and differentiating these species can be difficult. + +Ozestheria minor + +differs from + +O. cancellata + +, + +O. fuersichi + +, + +O. jonnae + +, + +O. marthae + +, + +O. rincewindi + +, + +O. barcaldinensis + +, + +O. ngamurru + +, + +O. quinlanae + +, + +O. glabra + +, + +O. pilbarensis + +and + +O. weeksi + +in having at least the posterior half of the telsonic spines long, elongate and aciculate (in the other species fewer telsonic spines are long and aciculate and more spines shorter and conical) and by the shape of the male and female rostrum (in particular anterior margin and apex). The apex of the male rostrum of + +O. beleriandensis + +is pointed and never rounded (in + +O. minor + +slightly rounded) and in the female the apex is finer pointed. The male rostrum of + +O. selmae + +has a dorsal concave notch (not in all individuals) and a weakly convex anterior margin. + +Ozestheria bourkensis + +and + +O. typica + +have a more strongly concave line between the condyle and ocular tubercle, and the female antenna I and II have fewer lobes and flagellomeres. + +Ozestheria radiata + +has a more rounded rostral apex in the male and the female rostrum terminates in a finer point. + + + + + +Type material + + + + + +Syntypes + +AUSTRALIA +– +Northern Territory or + +South Australia + +• +2 ♂♂ +, +9 ♀♀ +; +Charlotte Waters Central Australia +; +Horn Expedition +leg.; +MV J54045 + +. + + + +Other material examined + + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; excavated area +W of Yarrabundai +; +33°07′28.5″ S +, +147°32′09.8″ E +; + +23 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91513 to P.91515 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Gidgee Lake +; +29°33′10.4″ S +, +144°50′12.7″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P. 91487 +, +P.91489 +, +P.91490 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Barnato Station +, +lake next to homestead +, + +80 km +W of Cobar + +; +31°36′52.4″ S +, +144°52′12.6″ E +; + +29 Mar. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +raised from sediment +; +AM P. 91486 + +. – + + +South Australia + +• +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; dugout + +55 km +E + +of +Marla +; +27°18′21.3″ S +, +134°07′15.9″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91495 +, +AM P.91496 +, +P.91498 + +• + +1 ♀ +; dugout + +55 km +E of + +Marla +; +27°18′21.3″ S +, +134°07′15.9″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +NHMW-ZOO-CR-28490 + +. – + + +Queensland + +• +1 ♂ +; +dead shrub near old borrow pit +, + +113 km +S + +of +Mount Isa +; +21°34′21.0″ S +, +139°11′58.4″ E +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91500 + +• + +4 ♂♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +Sumana Station +, +small pool (H2) +; +22°18′29.6″ S +, +145°21′56.7″ E +; + +2 Apr. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.80862, P.91477 to P.91482 + +• + +4 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; N of +Wyandra +; +27°11′03.2″ S +, +145°59′41.2″ E +; + +17 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91493 +, +P.91494 +, +P.91506 to P.91508 + +• + +3 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +old borrow pit + +8 km +E of + +Boulia +; +22°55′44.6″ S +, +139°58′23.7″ E +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91501 to P.91505 + +. + + +Additional material +(not examined) + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +1♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Vosper Pool +; +29°32′03.9″ S +, +144°50′37.7″E +; + +30 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91476 + +• + +2 +juvs; +Bloodwood Station +, +Gidgee Lake +; +29°33′10.4″ S +, +144°50′12.7″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91487, P.91488 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Muella Station +, +Muella Vegetated Pool 3 +; +29°30′12.0″ S +, +144°55′37.4″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91552 + +• + +1 juv. +; +big black box swamp +; +29°10′19.4″ S +, +145°22′41.3″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91526 + +• + +1 juv. +; +Barnato Lake +; +31°36′45.2″ S +, +144°59′20.0″ E +; + +22 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +raised from sediment +; +AM P.91491 + +. – + + +South Australia + +• +1 juv. +; +borrow pit + +90 km +S of + +border; +26°49′22.0″ S +, +133°19′44.7″ E +; + +10 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91499 + +. – + + +Queensland + +• +1 ♂ +; +Sumana Station +, +small pool (H2) +; +22°18′29.6″ S +, +145°21′56.7″ E +; + +2 Apr. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.80862 + +• + +5 +juvs; +Sumana Station +, +small pool (H8) +; +22°18′29.5″ S +, +145°23′00.3″ E +; + +3 Apr. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +raised from sediment +; +AM P.89648 to P.89650 +, +P.91474 +, +P.91475 + +• + +6 +juvs; SW +Bay of Galilee +; +22°25′47.9″ S +, +145°42′07.6″ E +; + +3 Apr. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91483 to P.91485 +, +P.91516 to P.91518 + +• + +3 +juvs; +Thunda Lake +; +25°25′46.0″ S +, +143°08′13.8″ E +; + +8 Apr. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +raised from sediment +; +AM P.91519 to P.91521 + +• + +5 +juvs; +roadside claypan +; +29°31′42.5″ S +, +146°12′20.5″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91509 to P.91511 +, +P.91524 +, +P.91525 + +• + +1 juv. +; +old dugout close +to +Lake Dunn +; +22°36′12.9″ S +, +145°40′26.6″ E +; + +14 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91523 + +. + + + +Type locality + + + +Spencer & Hall (1896: 237) +did not specify a type locality but generally stated where they collected + +O. packardi + +and its newly described varieties as “Common in water-holes along the Finke and its tributaries, also in the Macumba and Stevenson Rivers”. The label of the +syntype +collection states “Charlotte Waters Central +Australia +”. + + + + + +Description + + + +Males + + +CARAPACE +( +Fig. 30a–c, e, g +). Length +3.4–6.1 mm +(ST: +3.3–3.6 mm +; mean: +4.7 mm +), height 2.0– +3.9 mm +(ST: +2.2–2.5 mm +; mean: +2.9 mm +). Coloration yellow-orange to red-orange or reddish-brown, outer margin lighter, whitish ( +syntypes +lighter colored, but this is probably an artifact of the long storage). 18– 63 (ST: 30–38, mean: 34) growth lines, 11–29 (ST: 11–14, mean: 20) widely spaced (rarely secondary growth phase with up to 23 additional widely spaced growth lines) and 2–28 (ST: 16–27, mean: 13) crowded. + + +CARAPACE +SHAPE +. Dorsal margin straight, distinct or rounded dorso-posterior corner. Posterior margin broadly rounded, suboval, equicurvate to infracurvate (b/H 0.49–0.56, ST: 0.55, mean: 0.53) with greatest extension below midline. Ventral margin nearly straight, only slightly curved. Umbo position anterior to submedian (Cr/L 0.24–0.33, ST: 0.33, mean: 0.28). + + +CARAPACE +ORNAMENTATION +( +Fig. 30f, h–i +). Larval valve and growth bands in dorsal parts of carapace punctate or granular. In successive growth bands, poorly defined, irregular lirae forming ventrally. Within median growth bands, lirae dorsally lirae anastomosing and sometimes reticulating, ventrally subparallel, punctae between and along lirae. Further ventrally on carapace (including crowded growth bands), lirae more defined and subparallel; growth bands dorsally nodulous; the interspace between lirae with intermittent, nodular liral structures (visible mainly under SEM); liral structures in crowded growth bands appearing like radial ribs across multiple growth bands (not in all individuals). Under SEM additional small punctae visible across all growth bands. Concentric ridges slightly raised. Setae filiform, preferentially preserved on ventral part of carapace. Setal pores in single row along all growth lines, forming serrate lower margins of concentric ridges in mid-carapace growth bands (visible under SEM). + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 31a–b, d +). Condyle long, distally acute; occipital notch narrow. Condyle with or without weakly developed anterobasal hump. Margin between condyle and ocular tubercle straight to slightly concave or slightly convex. Ocular tubercle weakly developed, forming obtuse, nearly straight angle with rostrum. Anterior margin of rostrum straight, rarely slightly undulating. Ventral margin of rostrum with anterior notch; concave along midline, pointing apex slightly downwards; apex with acute angle (~45–60°), sometimes weakly rounded. Naupliar eye subtriangular, rarely oval. Antenna I long with 10–16 lobes (ST: 16; mean: 13), reaching to antenna II flagellomeres VI–X (ST: VIII–X; mean: VIII). Antenna II with 11–15 flagellomeres (ST: 12; mean: 13). + + +THORAX +. 20–22 (ST: 22; mean: 21) segments, 19–22 (ST: 22; mean: 21) thoracopod-bearing and none to one (ST: none) posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Last ~14 thoracopod-bearing segments with spine and/or setae bearing dorsal extensions. Setae/spines of dorsal extensions increasing in number posteriorly over successive segments (until ~7 +th +last segment). Spines short and stout, in posterior segments central spines stouter but shorter than in preceding segments. + + +THORACOPOD +III (only P.91495; +Fig. 31f +). Endite I short and curved dorsally. Endites II–V broad, decreasing in size. Endite V palp two-segmented, basal segment shorter than endopod. Exopod ventral extension subequal in extension to endopod, dorsal extension wide, narrowing distally, overreaching epipod. Epipod long, cylindric. + + +TELSON +( + +Fig. +31g +, i + +). 18–28 spines (ST: 20; mean: 23). First (anterior) spine enlarged. Spines on anterior third of telson short, thin, conical; following spines increasing in size, becoming longer, drawn out, aciculate and more closely spaced. Dorsal margin anteriorly straight (rarely convex), posterior ⅔ slightly concavely curved. Right terminal claw more strongly curved than left claw in most individuals, rarely both equally curved. + + +FURCA +( + +Fig. +31g +, i + +). Proximally with dorsomedial longitudinal row of 4–10 (ST: 4; mean: 8) setae, row ending distally in a single conical spine. Distal part ⅔–¾ of furcal length, with numerous small denticles. + + +Females + + +Overall appearance as in males. Carapace ( +Fig. 30d +) length +3.3–6.2 mm +(ST: +3.3–3.7 mm +; mean: +4.3 mm +), height +2.2–4.1 mm +(ST: +2.1–2.5 mm +; mean: +2.8 mm +); 17–46 (ST: 28–46, mean: 29) growth lines, 12–30 (ST: 12–19, mean: 19) widely spaced and 0–23 (ST: 13–27, mean: 10) crowded; Cr/L 0.26–0.32 (mean: 0.28) and b/H 0.48–0.57 (mean: 0.53). Anterior margin of rostrum straight; apex rectangular, drawn out into small acute tip; ventral margin only weakly concave (straighter than in males); overall rostrum shape trapezoidal ( +Fig. 31c, e +). Antenna I with 12–16 (ST: 15–16, mean: 14) lobes, lobes smaller than in males and distally often fused (then number of lobes could not be counted); reaching to antenna II flagellomeres I–V (ST: IV–V, mean: III). Antenna II with 11–15 flagellomeres (ST: 11–12, mean: 13). 20–23 (ST: 21–23, mean: 21) segments, 20–23 (ST: 21–23, mean: 21) thoracopod-bearing and none to one posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Telson with 17–26 (ST: 17–21, mean: 21) dorsal spines ( +Fig. 31h +); left and right terminal claws equally curved. Furca with 4–8 setae (mean: 6). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 31j +) + + +Widely distributed in the arid regions of central and northern +New South Wales +, large parts of arid +Queensland +(e.g., catchments of northern and central Murray-Darling Basin, central and northern Cooper Creek catchment) as well as in central +Australia +. It is one of the few species which occurs in the northern Cooper Creek catchment and areas further to the west or south. This species lives in a variety of habitats ranging from turbid claypans to various clear pools and lakes and even hyposaline lakes (e.g., Gidgee Lake). Noteworthy is the frequent occurrence in various artificial habitats (dugouts, borrow pits). + + + + + +Remarks + + + + +Ozestheria minor + +comb. nov. +was originally described as one of three varieties of + +O. packardi + +by +Spencer & Hall (1896) +. Previous workers (e.g., +Richter & Timms 2005 +; +Rogers 2020 +) have synonymized these varieties with + +O. packardi + +. However, the large cryptic species diversity, which was revealed by molecular genetic analyses within + +O. packardi +( + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +) + +, strongly suggested that + +O. minor + +and the other varieties represent valid species. A comparison between the +syntypes +and the genetically delimited species strongly suggests that + +O. minor + +corresponds to + +Ozestheria +sp. B + +of + +Schwentner +et al +. (2015a) + +. Most importantly, the shape as well as the ornamentation (also at the highmagnification SEM-level) of the carapaces is highly similar, including the fine punctae between lirae. Also, the telsonic spines (majority of spines elongate and aciculate) as well as the shape of the female rostrum (apex drawn out, but tip not as minutely pointed as in several other species such as + +O. typica + +comb. nov. +or + +O. bourkensis + +sp. nov. +) correspond well to the description of + +O. minor + +by +Spencer & Hall (1896) +. The carapace coloration of the +syntypes +appears lighter than in other specimens (light yellowishbrownish). This may be due to the long storage in ethanol, as +Spencer & Hall (1896: 237) +described the coloration as “chestnut-brown with a broad, light band around the margin”, which agrees well with the other specimens. + + + +Fig. 30. + +Ozestheria minor + +comb. nov. +( +Spencer & Hall, 1896 +). +a–e +. Carapace. +a +. Male (P.91495). +b +. Male (P.91477). +c +. Dorsal view (left valve only, male, P.91495). +d +. Female, syntype (MV J54045). +e +. Male, syntype (MV J54045), SEM. +f +. Mid-carapace ornamentation (male syntype, MV J54045; position marked in e by rectangle), SEM. +g–i +. Male (P.91946). +g +. Carapace. +h +. Mid-carapace ornamentation (position marked in g by rectangle). +i +. Ventromedian carapace ornamentation (position marked in g by rectangle). Scale bars: a–e, g=0.5 mm; f =0.05 mm; h–i =0.1 mm. + + + + +Fig. 31. + +Ozestheria minor + +comb. nov. +( +Spencer & Hall, 1896 +). +a–e +. Head (antennae not shown). +a +. Male (P.91496), SEM. +b +. Male, syntype (MV J54054). +c +. Female, syntype (MV J54045). +d +. Male (P.91495). +e +. Female (P.91498). +f +. Third left thoracopod (male, P.91495). +g–i +. Telson. +g +. Male (P.91496), SEM. +h +. Female, syntype (MV J54045). +i +. Male (AM P:91495). +j +. Distribution map (type locality indicated by dotted line; produced in ArcMap 10.7; see caption Fig. 7 for sources). Scale bars: a–f=0.5 mm; g–i=0.1 mm. + + + +In the geometric morphometric analyses of the carapace shape ( +Fig. 6 +), + +O. minor + +comb. nov. +partly overlaps with + +O. jiangi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. jonnae + +sp. nov. +, + +O +. +selmae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. typica + +comb.nov. +, + +O. bourkensis + +, + +O. cancellata + +comb. nov. +, + +O. rincewindi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. weeksi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. glabra + +sp. nov. +, and + +O. echidna + +sp. nov. +Due to the overall similarities with other species in carapace shape, the classification of the mean shape of the +syntypes +of + +O. minor + +(Supp. file 2_4.4) suggested several species, including +O +. sp. B (sensu + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +; probability 13.7%, typicality 0.52). Highest probabilities were observed for + +O. cancellata + +and + +O. jonnae + +(42.9% and 19.0%) and the highest typicalities scores for + +O. frederikeae + +sp. nov. +(0.72), + +O. jonnae + +(0.60) and + +O. cancellata + +0.58). + + +The type specimens were not specifically marked as +types +of + +O. minor + +. However, the historic labels accompanying the specimens explicitly identified them as “ + +Estheria packardi +var. +minor + +” and stated the locality and expedition as “Charlotte Waters Horn Exp.”, which makes it very likely that these are the +type +specimens collected and described by Spencer & Hall from the Horn Expedition. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFCCFFBD14F3FC40FD39FE34.xml b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFCCFFBD14F3FC40FD39FE34.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a171b93ab61 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFCCFFBD14F3FC40FD39FE34.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1593 @@ + + + +Revision of the Australian Ozestheria Schwentner & Richter, 2015 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) fauna, with the descriptions of 27 new species + + + +Author + +Schwentner, Martin +720F61F1-5EAC-42D2-A66C-B91B439DB2A1 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 1010 Vienna, Austria. +martin.schwentner@nhm.at + + + +Author + +Hethke, Manja +288F3F34-AD0D-4DF7-AD5D-434FACC207E5 +LWL-Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Referat Paläontologie, D- 48161 Münster, Germany and Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Department Geowissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, D- 12249 Berlin, Germany. +manja.hethke@lwl.org + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-05-23 + + +992 + + +1 +172 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2905/13169 + +journal article +310666 +10.5852/ejt.2025.992.2905 +b20376ef-b3ad-4388-9d36-83923c3da158 +2118-9773 +15774488 +24F7D1C9-A2DA-4F31-B6FE-7A7DDF54D202 + + + + + + +Ozestheria cancellata +( +Spencer & Hall, 1896 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + +Figs 12–13 + + + + + + + +Estheria packardi +var. +cancellata +Spencer & Hall, 1896: 237–238 + + +, figs 11–12. + + + + + +Caenestheriella packardi +var. +cancellata + +– + +Daday 1914: 120–121 + +. + + + + + +Cyzicus packardi +var. +cancellata + +– + +Brtek 1997: 48 + +. + + + + + +Ozestheria packardi + +(in part) – + +Richter & Timms 2005: 347 + +. — + +Rogers 2020: 24 + +. + + + + +Ozestheria +sp. + +S – + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +: figs 2, 6; 2020: figs 1–2. — + +Hethke +et al +. 2023 + +: fig. 11. + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria cancellata + +comb. nov. +is characterized by a long condyle and a narrow occipital notch; carapace ornamentation dorsally on carapace punctate (may appear granular), in following growth bands bearing prominent lirae forming ventrally within growth band, lirae become longer and more pronounced within progressing growth bands, lirae terminate in small nodule on concentric ridges (not visible in all specimens); male rostrum with straight to convex anterior margin, apex rounded with angle close to 90°, ventral margin with slight notch anteriorly and straight to weakly concave mid-length; female rostrum anterior margin straight (rarely weakly concave or weakly convex), apex rectangular (neither rounded nor drawn out), ventral margin nearly straight (only weakly concave); 10–15 (male) or 9–13 (female) antenna I lobes reaching to antenna II flagellomeres IV–IX (male) or II–V (female); 10–16 (male) or 11–16 (female) antenna II flagellomeres; 21–22 complete thorax segments; 12–24 small telsonic spines, anterior spines conical and equally spaced with 2–4 larger spines interspersed (usually in anterior half or two-thirds of telson), posterior spines slightly thinner, aciculate and slightly drawn out; 4–14 furcal setae. + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria cancellata + +comb. nov. +can be differentiated from many other species of + +Ozestheria + +by the narrow occipital notch and long condyle in combination with the carapace ornamentation (dominated by punctate ornamentation dorsally on carapace, transitioning to distinct, subparallel lirae during ontogeny), except from + +O. minor + +comb. nov. +, + +O. typica + +comb. nov. +, + +O. fuersichi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. jonnae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. marthae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. selmae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. radiata + +sp. nov. +, + +O. bourkensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. rincewindi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. barcaldinensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. ngamurru + +sp. nov. +, + +O. beleriandensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. quinlanae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. glabra + +sp. nov. +, + +O. pilbarensis + +sp. nov. +and + +O. weeksi + +sp. nov. +, and differentiating these species can be difficult. + +Ozestheria minor + +, + +O. typica + +, + +O. bourkensis + +, + +O. selmae + +, + +O. radiata + +, and + +O. beleriandensis + +can be differentiated by having at least the posterior half of the telsonic spines long, elongated and aciculate. + +Ozestheria cancellata + +has more complete thorax segments (21–22) than + +O. typica + +, + +O. radiata + +, + +O. ngamurru + +, + +O. beleriandensis + +, + +O. glabra + +, + +O. weeksi + +, + +O. rincewindi + +, and + +O. bourkensis + +, but fewer than + +O. pilbarensis + +. The apex of the female rostrum of + +O. cancellata + +differs from that of + +O. marthae + +, + +O. weeksi + +and + +O. quinlanae + +by not being drawn out into a pointed tip. + +Ozestheria fuersichi + +differs by its polygonal reticulations on the first few growth bands and widely spaced, nodular lirae that disappear on crowded growth bands, the elongate and slender male rostrum and distinctly larger interspersed telsonic spines. + +Ozestheria barcaldinensis + +has fewer telsonic spines and the anterior margin of the male rostrum is more strongly convex and in + +O. jonnae + +the female anterior margin of the rostrum has a dorsal notch. + + + + + +Type material + + + + + +Neotype + +(here designated) +AUSTRALIA +– + +Northern Territory + +• +♂ +; +Old borrow pit + +85 km +N of Kulgera + +; +25°05′54.4″ S +, +133°11′54.0″ E +; + +10 Mar. 2011 + +, +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; GenBank no: +KJ706023 +(COI); +AM P.91796 +. + + + + +Other material examined + + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +4 ♂♂ +; +Muella Station +, +Upper Lake Eliza +; +29°25′46.0″ S +, +145°04′12.6″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91784 to P91787 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Muella Station +, +Yantabulla black box swamp +; +29°20′17.8″ S +, +145°00′09.7″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91770 to P.91771 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +Muella Station +, +Yantabulla black box swamp +; +29°20′17.8″ S +, +145°00′09.7″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91845 to P.91848 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Tiltargara +; +31°51′09.9″ S +, +144° 52′22.4″ E +; + +22 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +raised later from sediment +; +AM P.91792 + +• + +1 ♀ +; excavated area W of +Yarrabundai +; +33°07′28.5″ S +, +147°32′09.8″ E +; + +23 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91838 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +thoura poplar box swamp +; +29°16′11.2″ S +, +144°40′25.3″ E +; + +24 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91829 to P.91833 + +. – + + +Northern Territory + +• +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; same data as for neotype; GenBank nos: +KJ706021, KJ706024, KJ706025 +(COI); +AM P.91794 +, +P.91797 +, +P.91798 + +• + +1 ♀ +; same data as for neotype; GenBank no: +KJ706022 +(COI); +NHMW-ZOO-CR-28491 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +south Henbury Crater +; +24°34′22.7″ S +, +133°08′53.4″ E +; + +29 Mar. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +raised later from sediment +; +AM P.91790 +, +P.91791 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀♀ +; borrow pit next to +Barrow Creek +; +21°29′14.2″ S +, +133°54′49.0″ E +; + +7 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91799 to P.91803 + +. – + + +South Australia + +• +1 ♀ +; +borrow pit + +90 km +S of + +border; +26°49′22.0″ S +, +133°19′44.7″ E +; + +10 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91804 + +• + +1 ♂ +; dugout + +55 km + +east of +Marla +; +27°18′21.3″ S +, +134°07′15.9″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91793 + +. – + + +Queensland + +• +1 ♀ +; +Thunda Lake +; +25°25′46.0″ S +, +143°08′13.8″ E +; + +8 Apr. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +raised later from sediment +; +AM P.91839 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +coolabah swamp +, +Cravens Peak +(site M2); +23°22′04.7″ S +, +138°35′53.5″ E +; + +16 Apr. 2007 + +; +J. Powling +leg.; +AM P.91850 + +• + +3 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +Currawinya National Park +, +quarry at boundary to national park +; +28°59′49.9″ S +, +144°12′01.9E +; + +26 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91819 to P.91823 + +• + +4 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +rocky quarry + +83 km +N of + +highway; +27°27′31.4″ S +, +144°22′12.2″ E +; + +28 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91812 to P.91816 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +dead shrub old borrow pit +, + +113 km +S + +of +Mount Isa +; +21°34′21.0″ S +, +139°11′58.4″ E +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91810 +, +P.91811 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀♀ +; +borrow pit +, slightly turbid, + +93 km +S of + +Mount Isa +; +21°23′46.5″ S +, +139°07′22.7″ E +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91805 to P.91809 + +. + + +Additional material +(not examined) + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +5 ♂♂ +; +Muella Station +, +Muella Vegetated Pool 4 +; +29°30′00.7″ S +, +144°54′59.6″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91775 to P.91779 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +Muella Station +, +Lismore Bore +; +29°31′50.7″ S +, +144°59′28.1″ E +; + +19 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.82536 +, +P.82536 +, +P.91842 to P.91844 + +• + +4 +juvs; +Muella Station +, +Lower Lake Eliza +; +29°25′28.9″ S +, +145°03′41.8″ E +; + +22 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91834 to P.91837 + +• + +3 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +Muella Station +, +Carrols Bore +; +29°29′08.7″ S +, +144°59′13.0″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.80858 +, +P.91780 to P.91783 + +• + +4 +juvs; +Bloodwood Station +, +Pine Pool near Harolds Tank +; +29°22′25.2″ S +, +144°49′12.6″ E +; + +8 Jun. 2007 + +; +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91851 to P.91854 + +• + +1 juv. +; +Bloodwood Station +, western fence +N of Titanic +; +29°24′58.4″ S +, +144°46′52.8″ E +; + +Mar. 2006 + +; +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91774 + +• + +2 +juvs; +Yantabulla black box swamp +; +29°20′17.8″ S +, +145°00′09.7″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91769 +, +P.91773 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +excavated area +W +of +Yarrabundai +; +33°07′28.5″ S +, +147°32′09.8″ E +; + +23 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91856 + +• + +2 +juvs; +borrow pit +, + +30 km +E of + +Bourke +; +30°19′00.5″ S +, +146°06′58.4″ E +; + +10 Jun. 2007 + +; +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91840 +, +P.91841 + +. – + + +Queensland + +• +1 juv. +; +Rockwell Station +, +grassy pool S of N +Blue Lake +; +28°50′53.8″ S +, +144°57′47.3″ E +; + +9 Jun. 2007 + +; +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91855 + +• + +2 +juvs; +Rockwell Station +, +Coolibah swamp +; +28°54′03.2″ S +, +144°59′22.6″ E +; + +1 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91788 +, +P.91789 + +• + +4 +juvs; +flood out of dam +, + +84 km +S of + +Thargomindah +; +28°39′46.7″ S +, +143°48′40.8″ E +; + +26 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91824 to P.91827 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +dugout + +21 km +E of + +Thargomindah +; +28°02′05.2″ S +, +144°03′15.7″ E +; + +27 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91817 +, +P.91818 + +. + + + +Type locality + + + +Spencer & Hall (1896) +did not specify a type locality but generally stated where they collected + +O. packardi + +and its newly described subspecies as “Common in water-holes along the Finke and its tributaries, also in the Macumba and Stevenson Rivers”. As the type material is lost and the exact locality unknown, we designated a +neotype +. The new type locality is: +Australia +, +Northern Territory +, old borrow pit +85 km +N of Kulgera, +25°05′54.4″ S +, +133°11′54.0″ E +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Males +( +Fig. 12a, c–d, i–j +) + + +CARAPACE +. Length +3.8–7.2 mm +(NT: +4.4 mm +, mean: +5.5 mm +), height 2.2–4.7 (NT: +2.8 mm +, mean: +3.4 mm +). Coloration light to dark reddish-orange, outer margin lighter (yellow whitish). 21–60 (NT: 32, mean: 36) growth lines, 13–26 (NT: 18, mean: 19) widely spaced and 3–36 (HT: 14, mean: 17) crowded. + + +CARAPACE +SHAPE +. Dorsal margin straight, distinct dorso-posterior corner. Posterior margin broadly rounded, equicurvate (b/H 0.48–0.55, mean: 0.52). Ventral margin widely rounded. Umbo position anterior to submedian (Cr/L 0.21–0.29, mean: 0.26). + + +CARAPACE +ORNAMENTATION +( +Fig. 12e–h, k +). Larval valve and following growth bands (approximately 1/8– ⅓ of carapace) granular (under SEM punctate with inconspicuous anastomosing fine lirae). In following growth bands more prominent lirae forming ventrally within growth bands between punctae, lirae initially shallow, hardly anastomosing. From about mid-carapace lirae distinct, subparallel, spanning full growth bands (under SEM, punctae gradually disappearing between lirae). Crowded growth bands with short, distinct lirae; lirae terminating in pronounced nodule on concentric ridges (not visible in all specimens, best visible under SEM). Concentric ridges slightly raised. Setae spiniform, preferentially preserved on the midposterior and posteroventral part of carapace; on outer margin of carapace sometimes filiform setae. Setal pores in single row along all growth lines. + + + +Fig. 12. + +Ozestheria cancellata + +comb. nov. +( +Spencer & Hall, 1896 +). +a +. Carapace (male neotype, P.91796). +b +. Carapace (female, P.91794). +c +. Carapace, dorsal view (left valve only, male neotype, P.91796). +d–g +. Male (P.91797), SEM. +d +. Carapace. +e +. Mid-carapace ornamentation (position marked in d by rectangle). +f +. Posterior carapace ornamentation (position marked in d by rectangle). +g +. Ventral carapace ornamentation, crowded growth lines (position marked in d by rectangle). +h +. Mid-ventral carapace ornamentation (male neotype, P.91796). +i–k +. Original drawings by +Spencer & Hall (1896) +. +i +. Carapace. +j +. Carapace, dorsal view. +k +. carapace ornamentation. Scale bars: a–d =0.5 mm; e–h= 0.05 mm. + + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 13a–c +). Condyle long, distally rounded or elongated; occipital notch narrow. Condyle with weakly to strongly developed anterobasal hump. Margin between condyle and ocular tubercle straight to concave. Ocular tubercle weakly developed; forming obtuse (~120–170°) angle with rostrum. Small tubercle ventrally below eye in most specimens (HT: present). Anterior margin of rostrum straight to convex. Apex rounded, close to 90°. Ventral margin of rostrum with slight notch anteriorly, straight to weakly concave at midlength. Naupliar eye large and elongated, subtriangular to subrectangular (with rounded angles) or suboval. Antenna I long with 10–15 lobes (NT: 12; mean: 13), reaching to antenna II flagellomeres IV–IX (NT: VIII; mean: VII). Antenna II with 10–16 flagellomeres (HT: 13; mean: 13). + + +THORAX +. 21–22 (HT: 22; mean: 22) segments, 21–22 (HT: 21; mean: 21) thoracopod-bearing and none to one (HT: one) posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Dorsal extensions with numerous short setae, central setae usually longer; in posterior segments number of setae decreasing, becoming shorter and stouter. + + +THORACOPOD +III (only P.91796). Endite I short and curved dorsally. Endites II–V broad, decreasing in size. Endite V palp two-segmented, basal segment longer than endopod. Exopod ventral extension subequal in extension to endopod, dorsal extension wide, narrowing distally, overreaching epipod. Epipod long, cylindric. + + +TELSON +( +Fig. 13f–g +). 17–24 spines (NT: 18; mean: 19). First (anterior) spine enlarged. Spines small, conical, equally spaced, two to four larger spines interspersed (usually in anterior half or two-thirds of telson). Spines subequal in size, posterior-most spines slightly thinner, aciculate, slightly drawn out. Anterior two-thirds of dorsal margin nearly straight, posteriorly slightly concave. Right terminal claw more strongly curved than left. + + + +Fig. 13. + +Ozestheria cancellata + +comb. nov. +( +Spencer & Hall, 1896 +). +a–d +. Head (antennae not shown). +a +. Male (P.91797), SEM. +b +. Male, neotype (P.91796). +c +. Male (P.91770). +d +. Female (P.91794). +e +. Third left thoracopod (male neotype, P.91796). +f–g +. Telson. +f +. Male (P.91797), SEM. +g +. Male (P.91770). +h +. Distribution map (produced in ArcMap 10.7; see caption Fig. 7 for sources). Scale bars: a–g =0.2 mm. + + + +FURCA +( +Fig. 13f–g +). Proximally with dorsomedial longitudinal row of 5–14 (HT: 7; mean: 8) setae, row ending distally in a single conical spine. Distal part ½–¾ of furcal length, with numerous small denticles. + + +Females + + +Overall appearance as in males. Carapace ( +Fig. 12b +) length +3.7–6.4 mm +(mean: +5.2 mm +), height +2.3– 4.3 mm +(mean: +3.3 mm +); 18–52 (mean: 34) growth lines, of these 13–31 (mean: 22) widely spaced and 3–32 (mean: 12) crowded; Cr/L 0.21–0.29 (mean: 0.25) and b/H 0.48–0.56 (mean: 0.52). Ocular tubercle forming obtuse, nearly straight (~160–170°) angle with rostrum ( +Fig. 13d +). Anterior margin of rostrum usually straight, rarely weakly concave or weakly convex; rostrum apex rectangular (neither rounded nor drawn out); ventral margin nearly straight, only weakly concave. Antenna I with 9–13 small lobes (mean: 10), lobes smaller than in males; reaching to antenna II flagellomeres II–V (mean: III). Antenna II with 11–16 flagellomeres (mean: 13). 21–22 (mean: 22) segments, 21–22 (mean: 21) thoracopod-bearing and none to one posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Telson with 12–24 (mean: 19) dorsal spines; left and right terminal claws equally curved or right stronger curved. Furca with 4–11 setae (mean: 6). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 13h +) + + + +Ozestheria cancellata + +comb. nov. +is a common species and widely distributed across (semi)arid central and eastern +Australia +. It occurs in various waterbody +types +including black box swamps and was predominately found in artificial pools (e.g., borrow pits, dams or quarries). + + + + + +Remarks + + + + +Ozestheria cancellata + +comb. nov. +was originally described as one of three varieties of + +O. packardi + +by +Spencer & Hall (1896) +. Previous workers (e.g., +Richter & Timms 2005 +; +Rogers 2020 +) have synonymized these varieties with + +O. packardi + +. However, the large cryptic species diversity, which was revealed by molecular genetic analyses within + +O. packardi +( + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +) + +, strongly suggested that + +O. cancellata + +and the other varieties represent valid species. No +type +specimens are known of + +O. cancellata + +, and its original description is rather superficial and focuses exclusively on carapace features: length variables, number of growth bands, and ornamental features. Nevertheless, based on its several morphological similarities and the geographic distributions we are highly confident that of the many + +O. packardi + +-like species highlighted by + +Schwentner +et al +. (2015a) + +, + +Ozestheria +sp. + +S is conspecific with + +O. cancellata + +. Morphological similarities include foremost the conspicuous liral ornamentation in later ontogenetic stages; Spencer & Hall explicitly mentioned the pronounced nodules on concentric ridges arranged in a moniliform way, as well as the large number of growth lines (Spencer & Hall reported 30–50) and the spination of the telson (Spencer & Hall reported “spines of the telson are fewer in number than in + +var. +typica + +and very irregular in shape and size”). The reported size difference between the specimens +Spencer & Hall (1896) +studied and the herein studied material most likely represents an age difference. + + +In the morphometric analyses of the carapace shape, the original drawing of + +O. cancellata + +comb. nov. +by +Spencer & Hall (1896) +can be assigned to + +O. jonnae + +sp. nov. +or + +O. cancellata + +(Supp. file 2_4.2). Also, + +O. cancellata + +is distinct from + +O +. +radiata + +sp. nov. +, + +O. typica + +comb. nov. +, + +O. bourkensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. ngamurru + +sp. nov. +, + +O. beleriandensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. carnegiensis + +sp. nov. +but the species occupies a central position in the morphospace of + +Ozestheria + +and thus overlaps partly with numerous other species in the PCA ( + +O. jiangi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. minor + +comb. nov. +, + +O. fuersichi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. setifera + +sp. nov. +, + +O. sivesae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. timmsi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. frederikeae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. gemina + +sp. nov. +, + +O. jonnae + +, + +O. marthae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. selmae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. barcaldinensis + +sp. nov. +, + +O. weeksi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. quinlanae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. glabra + +sp. nov. +, + +O. echidna + +sp. nov. +, + +O. pilbarensis + +sp. nov. +; +Fig. 6 +). + + +To clarify the taxonomic status of + +O. cancellata + +comb. nov. +, it was deemed necessary to designate a +neotype +, in particular in the light of the many new described species, some of which are morphologically similar to + +O. cancellata + +, and the fact that the species had previously been synonymized with other species. There is no evidence that the original material collected by Spencer & Hall is preserved in any collection; requests to relevant collections yielded no such material. The original type locality was very poorly defined and a specimen from that region was selected as a +neotype +, which closely matches the original description by Spencer & Hall. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFD5FFD5174DFE14FD9BFE06.xml b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFD5FFD5174DFE14FD9BFE06.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1bf4a3ccb42 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFD5FFD5174DFE14FD9BFE06.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1388 @@ + + + +Revision of the Australian Ozestheria Schwentner & Richter, 2015 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) fauna, with the descriptions of 27 new species + + + +Author + +Schwentner, Martin +720F61F1-5EAC-42D2-A66C-B91B439DB2A1 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 1010 Vienna, Austria. +martin.schwentner@nhm.at + + + +Author + +Hethke, Manja +288F3F34-AD0D-4DF7-AD5D-434FACC207E5 +LWL-Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Referat Paläontologie, D- 48161 Münster, Germany and Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Department Geowissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, D- 12249 Berlin, Germany. +manja.hethke@lwl.org + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-05-23 + + +992 + + +1 +172 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2905/13169 + +journal article +310666 +10.5852/ejt.2025.992.2905 +b20376ef-b3ad-4388-9d36-83923c3da158 +2118-9773 +15774488 +24F7D1C9-A2DA-4F31-B6FE-7A7DDF54D202 + + + + + + +Ozestheria gemina + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +13753FE1-0128-4CB7-A344-E4F776360B0A + + + +Fig. 20 + + + + + +Ozestheria +sp. N1 + +– + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +: figs 2, 6. + + + +Ozestheria +cf. +berneyi + +(N) – + +Schwentner +et al +. 2020 + +: figs 1–2. + + + +Ozestheria +sp. N + +– + +Hethke +et al +. 2023 + +: fig. 11. + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria gemina + +sp. nov. +is characterized by a medium long condyle and rather narrow occipital notch; a rounded ventral carapace margin; carapace ornamentation with polygonal reticulations on larval valve and early growth bands, following growth bands with anastomosing lirae, which become more pronounced and regular in later growth bands, where lirae terminate before the concentric ridge, punctae between lirae; male rostrum anterior margin straight to weakly convex, apex pointed with acute angle (~45–60°, rarely close to 90°), ventral margin deeply concave with obtuse angle about half-length; female rostrum anterior margin straight to slightly convex (sometimes undulating), apex pointed (~45– 60°) and drawn out into acute tip, ventral margin weakly concave; 12–22 (males) or 13–18 (female) antenna I lobes reaching to antenna II flagellomeres VI–X (male) or III–VIII (female); 11–15 (male) or 11–15 (female) antenna II flagellomeres; 23–25 complete thorax segments; 14–24 telsonic spines, spines mostly small, conical and subequal in size and spacing, 2–3 (up to 5) larger spines interspersed; 5–15 furcal setae. + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria gemina + +sp. nov. +can be easily distinguished from most other Australian species of + +Ozestheria + +by the combination of its carapace shape and ornamentation (combination of reticulations and lirae), the pointed male rostrum apex and the telsonic spination (many small spines with 2–5 larger spines interspersed). Morphologically most similar are + +O. fuersichi + +sp. nov. +and + +O. berneyi + +. + +Ozestheria berneyi + +has a shorter condyle and the carapace ornamentation has polygonal reticulations dorsally within growth bands. + +Ozestheria fuersichi + +is smaller (carapace length +3.7–5.1 mm +), has a nearly straight ventral carapace margin, carapace ornamentation with more widely spaced, nodular lirae, and the female rostrum has a concave anterior margin. + + + + + +Etymology + + + +The species name derives from the Latin word ‘ +geminus +’ (‘the twin’), referring to its similarity to its sister species + +O. berneyi + +. + + + + + +Type material + + + + + +Holotype + +AUSTRALIA +– + +Queensland + +• +♂ +; +Yapunyah +pool + +36 km +N of + +highway; +27°49′09.6″ S +, +144°09′26.5″ E +; + +28 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; GenBank no: +KJ705433 +(COI); +AM P.91204 +. + + + + + +Paratypes + +AUSTRALIA +– + +Queensland + +• +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; same data as for holotype; GenBank nos: +KJ705435 +, +KJ705436 +(COI); +AM P.91206 to P.91207 + +• + +1 ♂ +; same data as for holotype; +GenBank +no: +KJ705435 +(COI); +NHMW-ZOO-CR-28475 + +. + + + +Other material examined + + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +Queensland + +• +1 ♂ +; +Yarromere Station +, +Morra Creek +(M1); +21°28′51.9″ S +, +145°49′34.0″ E +; + +3 Apr. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91250 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +roadside claypan +; +29°31′42.5″ S +, +146°12′20.5″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91232 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +grassy turbid swamp +; +27°41′52.4″ S +, +146°45′44.7″ E +; + +18 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91257 +, +P.91258 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; + + +Cyclestheria + + +grassy swamp; +27°40′48.8″ S +, +146°38′02.7″ E +; + +18 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91225 +, +P.91226 +, +P.91251 +, +P.91252 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; dugout + +21 km +E of + +Thargomindah +; +28°02′05.2″ S +, +144°03′15.7″ E +; + +27 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91208 to P.91210 + +. – + + +New South Wales + +• +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Upper Crescent Pool +; +29°32′33.6″ S +, +144°52′16.5″ E +; + +30 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91188 +, +P.91189 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Lower Crescent Pool +; +29°32′34.5″ S +, +144°51′31.6″ E +; + +19 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91233 to P.91235 + +• + +2 ♀♀ +; +Gidgee Lake +; +29°33′10.4″ S +, +144°50′12.7″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91227 +, +P.91228 + +• + +3 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; cane grass swamp SE of +Woolshed +; +29°31′35.3″ S +, +144°51′39.2″ E +; + +21 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91221 to P.91224 + +• + +2 ♀♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Vosper Pool +; +29°32′03.9″ S +, +144°50′37.7″ E +; + +19 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91246, P.91247 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Muella Station +, +Muella Vegetated Pool +3; +29°30′12.0″ S +, +144°55′37.4″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91190 +, +P.91191 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Muella Station +, +Muella Vegetated Pool 4 +; +29°30′00.7″ S +, +144°54′59.6″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91186 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +Muella Station +, +Upper Lake Eliza +; +29°25′46.0″ S +, +145°04′12.6″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91187 +, +P.91229 to P.91231 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +; +Muella Station +, +Lismore Bore +; +29°31′50.7″ S +, +144°59′28.1″ E +; + +19 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91239 +, +P.91240 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Yungerina black box swamp +; +29°26′09.1″ S +, +145°04′40.3″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.82534 + +• + +4 ♀♀ +; +Yantabulla black box swamp +; +29°20′17.8″ S +, +145°00′09.7″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91242 to P.91245 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Mitchell Highway + +152 km + +from +Bourke +; +31°11′45.0″ S +, +146°51′31.4″ E +; + +18 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.81401 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Mitchell Highway +, + +40 km +N of Nyugen + +; +31°11′45,9″ S +, +146°51′30,1″ E +; +1999 +; +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91208 + +• + +1 ♂ +; claypan-like W of +Engonia +; +29°18′32.8″ S +, +145°44′06.9″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91241 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; pool S of +Gerara +; +29°13′51.4″ S +, +146°18′22.6″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.82577 +, +P.82578 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; excavated area W of +Yarrabundai +; +33°07′28.5″ S +, +147°32′09.8″ E +; + +23 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91236 +, +P.91237 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +thoura poplar box swamp +; +29°16′11.2″ S +, +144°40′25.3″ E +; + +24 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91211 to P.91215 + +. + + +Additional material +(not examined) + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +5 +juvs; +Muella Station +, +Lower Lake Eliza +; +29°25′28.9″ S +, +145°03′41.8″ E +; + +22 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +S. Richter +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91216 to P.91220 + +• + +1 juv. +; +Muella Station +, +Carrols Bore +; +29°29′08.7″ S +, +144°59′13.0″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.P.80859 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Yantabulla black box swamp +; +29°20′17.8″ S +, +145°00′09.7″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91203 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Lower Crescent Pool +; +29°32′34.5″ S +, +144°51′31.6″ E +; + +19 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91248 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Gidgee Lake +; +29°33′10.4″ S +, +144°50′12.7″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91196 + +• + +2 ♀♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Freshwater Lake +; +29°29′14.7″ S +, +144°49′59.0″ E +; + +19 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91201 +, +P.91202 + +• + +2 +juvs; +Bloodwood Station +, western fence +N of Titanic +; +29°24′58.4″ S +, +144°46′52.8″ E +; + +Mar. 2006 + +; +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91183 +, +P.91184 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +, +1 juv. +; +Tiltargara +; +31°51′09.9″ S +, +144° 52′22.4″ E +; + +22 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +raised from sediment +; +AM P.91238 +, +P.91197 to P.91199 + +. – + + +Queensland + +• +1 juv. +; +Rockwell Station +, +Busters +black box swamp, +Blue Lakes +; +28°47′53.9″ S +, +145°00′58.5″ E +; + +31 Mar. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91185 + +• + +1 juv. +; +Yarromere Station +, +Morra Creek (M1) +; +21°28′51.9″ S +, +145°49′34.0″ E +; + +3Apr. 2009 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91192 + +• + +1 ♀ +; + + +Cyclestheria + +grassy swamp + +; +27°40′48.8″ S +, +146°38′02.7″ E +; + +18 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91195 + +. + + + +Type locality + + + +Australia +, +Queensland +, Yapunyah pool +36 km +N of Highway, +27°49′09.6″ S +, +144°09′26.5″ E +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Males + + +CARAPACE +( +Fig. 20a, c–d +). Length +4.6–7.5 mm +(HT: +4.6 mm +, mean: +6.1 mm +), height +2.6–4.7 mm +(HT: +2.6 mm +, mean: +3.8 mm +). Coloration varying from yellowish to yellow-orange, red-orange and light brown; outer margin lighter. 15–52 (HT: 22, mean: 25) growth lines, 15–24 (HT: 17, mean: 18) widely spaced and 0–34 (HT: 5, mean: 7) crowded. + + +CARAPACE +SHAPE +. Dorsal margin straight, distinct or rounded dorso-posterior corner. Posterior margin broadly rounded, suboval (more circular than in many other species), supra- to equicurvate (b/H 0.43– 0.48; HT: 0.48, mean: 0.46). Ventral margin broadly rounded. Umbo position anterior (Cr/L 0.20–0.25; HT: 0.20, mean: 0.21). + + +CARAPACE +ORNAMENTATION +( +Fig. 20e–g, i +). Larval valve and first few growth bands with shallow, inconspicuous reticulations (poorly visible in many specimens, may appear granular) forming mainly irregular pentagons or hexagons. Reticulations gradually replaced by lirae in first few growth bands. Lirae subparallel, strongly anastomosing or branching, becoming more pronounced and regular on growth bands of later ontogenetic stages, where they terminate before the concentric ridge (only seen in SEM). Lirae can be inconspicuous, especially on lighter colored carapaces. Under SEM, fine punctae visible between lirae in early ontogenetic stages, which are irregular to absent in later ontogenetic stages. Crowded growth bands with pronounced, parallel lirae, anteriorly nodular and intermittent (visible predominately under SEM). Concentric ridges raised; under SEM smooth in early ontogenetic stages and with nodules at the upper margin in moniliform row in later ontogenetic stages. Spiniform as well as filiform setae present (mainly preserved on outer concentric ridges), usually ~5 spiniform setae between two filiform ones; setal pores in single row along all growth lines. + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 20j +). Condyle medium long, distally rounded; occipital notch spacing intermediate between narrow and wide. Condyle lacking anterobasal hump. Margin between condyle and ocular tubercle straight to strongly concave (HT: weakly concave). Ocular tubercle weakly developed, forming obtuse angle (ranging from nearly straight to nearly rectangular; HT: nearly rectangular;) with rostrum. Anterior margin of rostrum straight to weakly convex. Apex pointed, acute (~45–60°; rarely close to 90°), but not drawn out. Ventral margin of rostrum deeply concave with obtuse angle about half-length, pointing apex slightly downwards. Naupliar eye elongated, shaped suboval to sub-triangular. Antenna I long with 12–22 lobes (HT: 17, mean: 18), reaching to antenna II flagellomeres VI–X (HT: VIII, mean: VIII). Antenna II with 11–15 flagellomeres (HT: 10, mean: 12). + + +THORAX +. 23–25 (HT: 25, mean: 24) segments, 23–25 (HT: 24, mean: 24) thoracopod-bearing and none to two (HT: one) posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Last ~16 thoracopod-bearing segments with spine or setae bearing dorsal extensions. Dorsal extensions increasing in size posteriorly over successive segments (until ~10 +th +last segment). Armature starts with small setae, which increase in size and number over following ~6 segments, following segments with fewer setae and central large spines. Posterior segments with few stout spines. + + + +Fig. 20. + +Ozestheria gemina + +sp. nov. +a–d +. Carapace. +a +. Male, holotype (P.91204). +b +. Female, paratype (P.91206). +c +. Male, holotype, dorsal view (only left valve shown; P.91204). +d +. Male, paratype (P.91207), SEM. +e–g +, +i +. Carapace ornamentation of male paratype (P.91207; positions marked in d by rectangles), SEM. +e +. Dorsal carapace. +f +. Dorsal carapace. +g +. Ventral carapace. +i +. Mid-carapace. +h +. Carapace setation mid-carapace (P.91229). +j–k +. Head (antennae not shown). +j +. Male, holotype (P.91204). +k +. Female, paratype (P.91206). +l–m +. Telson. +l +. Male, holotype (P.91204). +m +. Male, paratype (P.91207), SEM. +n +. Male, paratype third right thoracopod (P.91205). +o +. Distribution map (produced in ArcMap 10.7; see caption Fig. 7 for sources). Scale bars: a–d, n=0.5 mm; e–h= 0.05 mm; i–m =0,2 mm. + + + +THORACOPOD +III (only P.91205; +Fig. 20n +). Endite I short and curved dorsally. Endites II–V broad, decreasing in size. Endite V palp two-segmented, basal segment shorter than endopod. Exopod ventral extension subequal in extension to endopod, dorsal extension wide, narrowing distally, overreaching epipod. Epipod long, cylindric. + + +TELSON +( +Fig. 20l–m +). 15–21 spines (HT: 17, mean: 19). First (anterior) spine enlarged. Following spines mostly tiny, conical, usually 2–3 (rarely up to five; HT: 2) larger spines interspersed (of these usually one of intermediate size) in anterior ⅔ of telson length. Sometimes an additional enlarged, aciculate spine posteriorly. Spines equally spaced. Dorsal margin usually straight, sometimes posterior ¼ curved. Right terminal claw more strongly curved at tip than left terminal claw in most individuals, sometimes both equally curved. + + +FURCA +( +Fig. 20l–m +). Proximally with dorsomedial longitudinal row of 5–15 (HT: 11, mean: 11) setae, row ending distally in a single conical spine. Distal part ~⅔ of furcal length, with numerous small denticles. + + +Females + + +Overall appearance as in males. Carapace ( +Fig. 20b +) length +4.5–7.8 mm +(mean: +6.8 mm +), height +2.7– 4.8 mm +(mean: +4.2 mm +); 17–31 (mean: 23) growth lines, of these 14–24 (mean: 18) widely spaced and 0–13 (mean: 4) crowded. Anterior margin of rostrum straight to slightly convex, sometimes undulating ( +Fig. 20k +). Apex pointed (~45–60°), drawn out into acute tip; ventral margin only weakly concave, overall rostrum shape trapezoidal. Antenna I with 13–18 (mean: 16) small lobes, lobes smaller than in males; reaching to antenna II flagellomeres III–VIII (mean: VI). Antenna II with 11–15 flagellomeres (mean: 13). 23–25 (mean: 24) segments, of these 23–25 (mean: 24) thoracopod-bearing and none to one posterior limb-less segment not reaching dorsal margin. Telson with 14–24 (mean: 19) dorsal spines; left and right terminal claws usually equally curved, sometimes right more strongly curved. Furca with 5–13 setae (mean: 9). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20o +) + + +Common and widely distributed in the arid regions of central and northern +New South Wales +and southern +Queensland +(e.g., catchments of Murray-Darling Basin, Bulloo River), rarely northern +Queensland +(northern Cooper Creek catchment). This species lives in a wide variety of habitats, ranging from clear freshwater lakes to vegetated swamps, poplar box swamps, turbid claypans and cane grass swamps, and hyposaline lakes. + + + + + +Remarks + + + + +Schwentner +et al +. (2015a) + +suggested that either +O. +sp. M or N might represent + +O. berneyi + +. By studying the +type +material, we were able to identify +O +. sp. M as + +O. berneyi + +(for details see remarks of + +O. berneyi + +). The authors furthermore suggested that +O. +sp. N comprises two closely related species ( +O. +sp. N1 and N2). Only +two specimens +of +O +. sp. N2 were available (which might not be fully grown), which does not allow proper assessment of the species morphological variability and putative differentiation from +O +. sp. N1. Therefore, we decided not to formally describe +O +. sp. N +2 in +this publication and also did not include them in the formal description of + +O. gemina + +sp. nov. + + +Because of its intermediate-sized condyle, + +O. gemina + +sp. nov. +was included in the geometric morphometric analyses of the short-condyle as well as of the long-condyle species ( +Figs 5–6 +). In both analyses, + +O. gemina + +was largely distinct and overlapped partly with + +O. berneyi + +, + +O. rubra + +, + +O. henryae + +sp. nov. +and + +O. richteri + +sp. nov. +( + +O. richteri + +was fully included in + +O. gemina + +) of the short-condyled species and partly with + +O. timmsi + +sp. nov. +, + +O. setifera + +sp. nov. +, + +O. sivesae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. mariae + +, + +O. marthae + +sp. nov. +, + +O. cancellata + +comb. nov. +, + +O. weeksi + +sp. nov. +, and + +O. pilbarensis + +sp. nov. +of the long-condyled species. In the analysis of long-condyled species, + +O. gemina + +forms the extreme shape at positive scores along PC1. + +It is notable that presumably older males (those with more crowded growth bands) tend to have a more strongly rounded rostrum apex. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFDFFFA1176FF9E3FB26F8C2.xml b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFDFFFA1176FF9E3FB26F8C2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c5ad13a156b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFDFFFA1176FF9E3FB26F8C2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,601 @@ + + + +Revision of the Australian Ozestheria Schwentner & Richter, 2015 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) fauna, with the descriptions of 27 new species + + + +Author + +Schwentner, Martin +720F61F1-5EAC-42D2-A66C-B91B439DB2A1 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 1010 Vienna, Austria. +martin.schwentner@nhm.at + + + +Author + +Hethke, Manja +288F3F34-AD0D-4DF7-AD5D-434FACC207E5 +LWL-Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Referat Paläontologie, D- 48161 Münster, Germany and Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Department Geowissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, D- 12249 Berlin, Germany. +manja.hethke@lwl.org + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-05-23 + + +992 + + +1 +172 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2905/13169 + +journal article +310666 +10.5852/ejt.2025.992.2905 +b20376ef-b3ad-4388-9d36-83923c3da158 +2118-9773 +15774488 +24F7D1C9-A2DA-4F31-B6FE-7A7DDF54D202 + + + + + + +Ozestheria elliptica +( +Sars, 1897 +) + + + + + + +Fig. 17 + + + + + + + +Estheria elliptica +Sars, 1897: 12–17 + + +, fig. 2. + + + + + +Estheria elliptica + +– + +Sayce 1903: 252 + +, 255. — + +Henry 1924: 122 + +, 134. — + +Gurney 1927: 63–64 + +. + + + + + +Cyzicus ellipticus + +– Wolf 1911: 254. — + +Dakin 1914: 295 + +. + + + + + +Caenestheria elliptica + +– + +Daday 1914: 56 + +, 96–98. — + +Richter & Timms 2005: 344–345 + +. + + + + + +Eocyzicus ellipticus + +– + +Brtek 1997: 49 + +. + + + + + +Ozestheria elliptica + +– + +Rogers 2020: 23 + +. + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria elliptica + +is characterized by a short condyle and wide occipital notch; a rounded ventral carapace margin; carapace ornamentation with large, well-developed polygonal reticulations; female rostrum with slightly drawn-out apex; 10 (female) antenna I lobes reaching to antenna II flagellomeres IV; 12 (female) antenna II flagellomeres; 22 or 23 complete thorax segments; ~28 small, unequally sized and spaced conical telsonic spines; no furcal setae. + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + +A morphological differentiation of + +O. elliptica + +, + +O. rubra + +, + +O. henryae + +sp. nov. +and + +O. matuwa + +sp. nov. +is difficult, though at least + +O. rubra + +, + +O. henryae + +and + +O. matuwa + +can be easily separated genetically via COI (no genetic data for + +O. elliptica + +available) ( +Fig. 2 +). Sars’ (1897) illustration of + +O. elliptica + +shows interrupted and discontinuous polygonal mesh walls, which would distinguish this species from + +O. rubra + +, + +O. henryae + +and + +O. matuwa + +; whether these represent inaccuracies in the drawing or a true ornamental feature will have to be evaluated in future studies. + +Ozestheria elliptica + +and + +O. henryae + +tend to be smaller (length up to ~ +7.5 mm +, the other species up to ~ +9 mm +) with a shorter male antenna I (reaching to antenna II flagellomeres V–VII [unknown for + +O. elliptica + +], while reaching to about VII–X in the other species), a less strongly concave rostral ventral margin (in males) and more telsonic spines (> 20–30, and up to 16–28 though usually ~ +20 in +the other two species). + +Ozestheria elliptica + +differs from + +O. henryae + +by having no setae on the furca and by all telsonic spines being subequal in length (vs mid and posterior spines slightly enlarged). + +Ozestheria rubra + +differs from + +O. matuwa + +in the number of complete thorax segments (22–23 vs 22–24) and the shape of the male rostrum apex, which is more strongly rounded in + +O. rubra + +. The four species differ in their geographic distributions: + +O. elliptica + +occurs in northern +Western Australia +, + +O. rubra + +occurs along the border region of +Queensland +and +New South Wales +as well as central +Australia +, + +O. matuwa + +in +Western Australia +and + +Ozestheria henryae + +in central +Queensland +. + + +The four species together can be easily distinguished from other species of + +Ozestheria + +by the elliptical shape of the carapace (with an evenly rounded ventral margin), the large polygonal, reticulating carapace ornamentation, polygonal secondary ornamentation within each polygon of the primary ornamentation and the relatively large number of telsonic spines. The very well-defined polygonal ornamentation on all wide growth bands clearly differentiates these four species from most other species with short and rounded condyles: + +O. berneyi + +, + +O. pellucida + +, + +O. sarsii + +, + +O. rufa + +, + +O. richteri + +sp. nov. +, and + +O. christiani + +sp. nov. +Furthermore, the ornamentation of + +O. christiani + +is less regular, with the walls of single polygons often being intermittent or with small extensions reaching into the polygon’s center, and + +O. christiani + +has fewer antenna II flagellomeres (10–11 vs 12–16). + +Ozestheria rufa + +differs further by the lower number of telsonic spines. + +Ozestheria sarsii + +differs in the overall shape of the carapace, the shape of the female rostrum (rounded apex), the telson spination (larger number of spines), and + +O. paralutraria + +sp. nov. +differs by its straight ventral carapace margin, the shape of the male and female rostrum and smaller telsonic spines. + +Ozestheria lutraria + +can be differentiated by the larger number of thorax segments (25–27 vs 22–24), the telsonic spines (fewer, usually smaller and less regularly spaced), irregular ornamentation on crowded growth bands and the secondary growth phase, and the carapace shape. + + + + + +Material examined + + +None (the following description is based on the description of Sars and his detailed drawings, who studied a single adult female raised from dried sediments). + + + + + +Type +locality + + + + +Western Australia +, shallow depression about +40 miles +E of Roebuck Bay. + + + +Description + + + +Female + + +CARAPACE +( +Fig. 17a +). Length +4.9 mm +, height 3.0 mm (Sars reported a height of +3.2 mm +but that probably included the umbo). Coloration dark reddish-brown, outer margin lighter. 25 growth lines, 14 widely spaced and 11 crowded. + + +CARAPACE +SHAPE +. Dorsal margin straight, rounded dorso-posterior corner. Posterior margin broadly rounded, suboval, supracurvate (b/H 0.38). Ventral margin widely rounded. Umbo position anterior (Cr/L 0.21). + + +CARAPACE +ORNAMENTATION +( +Fig. 17b +). Each growth band with large, well-developed reticulations, forming polygonal mesh across each growth band. Ornamentation uniform across all non-crowded growth bands, crowded growth bands with short radial lirae. Concentric ridges raised. Setae spiniform; preferentially preserved on ventral and posterior parts of the carapace. + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 17c +). Condyle rounded, short, only weakly protruding; occipital notch wide. Condyle lacking anterobasal hump. Margin between condyle and ocular tubercle concave. Ocular tubercle well developed, forming obtuse (~120°) angle with rostrum. Anterior margin of rostrum straight to slightly concave. Apex with nearly rectangular angle, apex weakly drawn out and rounded. Antenna I long with 10 lobes, reaching to antenna II flagellomere IV. Antenna II with 12 flagellomeres. + + + +Fig. 17. + +Ozestheria elliptica +( +Sars, 1897 +) + +. +a–d +. Original drawings by +Sars (1897) +. +a +. Carapace. +b +. Carapace ornamentation. +c +. Head. +d +. Telson. +e +. Map (circle depicts the type locality). + + + +THORAX +. 22 or 23 thoracopod-bearing segments. Mid to posterior thoracopod-bearing segments with spine bearing dorsal extensions. Dorsal extensions increasing in size posteriorly over successive segments; spines mostly short, in posterior segments with fewer spines and central spines stouter but shorter. + + +TELSON +( +Fig. 17d +). ~28 spines. First (anterior) spine enlarged. Spines conical or aciculate, subequally spaced, anterior spines smaller, spines of unequal size. Dorsal margin s-shaped: anteriorly slightly convex, posteriorly concavely curved. Right terminal claw slightly stronger curved than left. + + +FURCA +( +Fig. 17d +). No proximal setae, a single conical spine. Distal part ¾ of furcal length, with numerous small denticles. + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 17e +) + + + +Ozestheria elliptica + +is known only from its +type +locality in northern +Western Australia +. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Richter & Timms (2005) +suggested that +syntypes +may be housed in the Zoological Museum (Oslo). The respective collection holds three individuals labeled as + +Estheria elliptica + +; however, the collection details do not match those of Sars and the respective species identification may be of more recent origin. No other contacted Norwegian (Natural History Museum University of Oslo, NTNU University Museum and Tromsø University Museum) or Australian (AM, MV, SAM and WAM) museum hosted potential types of this species. + + +The illustration of + +O. elliptica + +by +Sars (1897) +suggests interrupted and discontinuous polygonal mesh walls, which would distinguish this species from + +O. rubra + +, + +O. henryae + +sp. nov. +and + +O +. +matuwa + +sp. nov. +Sars did not mention such discontinuity in the polygonal mesh in his otherwise detailed description, suggesting that these represent inaccuracies in the drawing. This may be solved when the species is collected again. + + +Henry (1924) +differentiated + +O. elliptica + +from + +O. rubra + +by a “marginal area of the carapace with crowded concentric striae” in the former. These so-called concentric striae are the crowded growth lines at the carapace’s outer margin (see +Sars 1897 +: pl. 2). Henry did not observe or draw any crowded growth lines; however, they are present in the +type +specimen of + +O. rubra + +as well as in most other + +O. rubra + +specimens examined herein, showing that this character is not suitable for the distinction of the two species. + + +In the geometric morphometric analyses ( +Fig. 5 +), + +O. elliptica + +is distinct from most other species and most similar to + +O. matuwa + +sp. nov. +(68.6% probability) and + +O. rubra + +(21.1%). However, typicality scores were rather low with 0.28 and 0.11, respectively. + + +No genetic data is available for + +O. elliptica + +and also males are currently unknown. + + +The species has not been recorded since the first description by +Sars (1897) +; all other reports are probably related to morphologically similar species (e.g., + +O. rubra + +, + +O. henryae + +sp. nov. +or + +O. matuwa + +sp. nov. +). Due to the clear geographic separation, it is unlikely that one of the species with similar morphological characteristics ( + +O. rubra + +, + +O. henryae + +or + +O. matuwa + +) is conspecific with + +O. elliptica + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFF7FF8B1779FA00FB8CF8E9.xml b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFF7FF8B1779FA00FB8CF8E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..62669de13ee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/FD/A6/03FDA650FFF7FF8B1779FA00FB8CF8E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1029 @@ + + + +Revision of the Australian Ozestheria Schwentner & Richter, 2015 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata) fauna, with the descriptions of 27 new species + + + +Author + +Schwentner, Martin +720F61F1-5EAC-42D2-A66C-B91B439DB2A1 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 1010 Vienna, Austria. +martin.schwentner@nhm.at + + + +Author + +Hethke, Manja +288F3F34-AD0D-4DF7-AD5D-434FACC207E5 +LWL-Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Referat Paläontologie, D- 48161 Münster, Germany and Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Department Geowissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, D- 12249 Berlin, Germany. +manja.hethke@lwl.org + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-05-23 + + +992 + + +1 +172 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2905/13169 + +journal article +310666 +10.5852/ejt.2025.992.2905 +b20376ef-b3ad-4388-9d36-83923c3da158 +2118-9773 +15774488 +24F7D1C9-A2DA-4F31-B6FE-7A7DDF54D202 + + + + + + +Ozestheria berneyi +( +Gurney, 1927 +) + + + + + + +Figs 9–10 + + + + + + + +Estheria berneyi +Gurney, 1927: 61–64 + + +, figs 2–3. + + + + + +Eocyzicus berneyi + +– + +Brtek 1997: 44 + +. + + + + + +Caenestheria berneyi + +– + +Richter & Timms 2005: 346 + +. + + + + +Ozestheria +sp. + +M – + +Schwentner +et al +. 2015a + +: figs 2, 6. — + +Hethke +et al +. 2023 + +: fig. 10. + + + +Ozestheria +cf. +berneyi + +(M) – + +Schwentner +et al +. 2020 + +: figs 1–2. + + + + +Ozestheria berneyi + +– + +Rogers 2020: 23 + +. + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria berneyi + +is characterized by a short condyle and wide occipital notch; a rounded ventral carapace margin; carapace ornamentation with polygonal reticulations on larval valve and early growth bands, following growth bands with reticulations dorsally and nodular lirae ventrally (lirae increase in length in later growth bands); male rostrum anterior margin weakly convex, apex rounded with acute angle (~60–90°), ventral margin concave; female rostrum anterior margin weakly convex to straight, apex pointed and drawn out with acute angle (~70–90°), ventral margin weakly concave; 12–19 (males) or 11–17 (female) antenna I lobes reaching to antenna II flagellomeres III–X (male) or III–IV (female); 10–15 (male) or 11–14 (female) antenna II flagellomeres; 23–24 complete thorax segments; 14–29 telsonic spines, spines mostly small, conical and subequal in size and spacing, 1–3 larger spines interspersed; 5–13 furcal setae. + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + + +Ozestheria berneyi + +can be easily distinguished from most other Australian species of + +Ozestheria + +by the combination of its carapace shape and ornamentation (combination of reticulations and lirae), the pointed male rostrum apex and the telsonic spination (many small spines with 1–3 larger spines interspersed), except from + +O. fuersichi + +sp. nov. +and + +O. gemina + +sp. nov. + +Ozestheria gemina + +has a longer condyle and the carapace ornamentation lacks the polygonal reticulations dorsally within growth bands in mid-carapace. + +Ozestheria fuersichi + +is smaller (carapace length +3.7–5.1 mm +), has a nearly straight ventral carapace margin, carapace ornamentation stronger dominated by lirae (lacking polygonal reticulations on mid carapace), and the female rostrum has a concave anterior margin. + + + + + +Type material + + + + + +Syntype + +AUSTRALIA +– + +Queensland + +• +1 ♂ +; +Longreach +; + +Apr. 1922 + +; +R. Gurney +leg.; +raised from dried mud +by Gurney, mud collected probably in 1921 or 1922 by F.L. Berney; +BMNH1929.3.14.2 + +. + + +Gurney described a male and a female; only the male is stored at the Natural History Museum London; the fate of the female is unknown; the male +syntype +is probably a young adult (the carapace is short, nearly translucent and with few crowded growth bands, the claspers are relatively weakly developed) and the head is detached from the body and damaged. + + + +Other material examined + + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +New South Wales + +• +3 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; highway past +Bourke +, next to +Lake Lauradale +; +29°50′29.1″ S +, +145°37′26.1″ E +; + +18 Feb. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.82573 +, +P.82574 +, +P.91164 +to +P.91166 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Lower Crescent pool +; +29°32′34.5″ S +, +144°51′31.6″ E +; + +19 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91167 +, +P.91168 +, +P.91171 +to +P.91173 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Bloodwood Station +, +Vosper Pool +; +29°32′03.9″ S +, +144°50′37.7″ E +; + +19 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91170 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +budgery pool +; +29°23′02.2″ S +, +144°49′00.2″ E +; + +20 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91181 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +claypan-like W of Engonia +; +29°18′32.8″ S +, +145°44′06.9″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +P.91169 + +. – + + +South Australia + +• +1 ♂ +; old small dugout + +105 km +E of Marla + +; +27°10′00.2″ S +, +134°33′07.2″ E +; + +11 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91179 + +. – + + +Queensland + +• +2 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; + +2 km +E + +of Led +Nappers crossing +; +29°31′41.7″ S +, +146°08′30.1″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91175 to P.91178 + +• + +2 ♀♀ +; +borrow pit +, +Lochern National Park +; +24°05′57.6″ S +, +143°13′41.1″ E +; + +10 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91147 +, +P.91148 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +yapunyah pool + +36 km +N of + +highway; +27°49′09.6″ S +, +144°09′26.5″ E +; + +28 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91163 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +rocky quarry + +83 km +N of + +highway; +27°27′31.4″ S +, +144°22′12.2″ E +; + +28 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91180 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +; +marsilea swamp + +2 km +E of + +Boulia +; +22°54′40.7″ S +, +139°55′30.0″ E +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91154 +, +P.91155 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +, +1 ♀ +; old +borrow pit + +8 km +E of + +Boulia +; +22°55′44.6″ S +, +139°58′23.7″ E +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P. 91156 to P.91157 +, +P.91159 + +• + +1 ♂ +; old +borrow pit + +8 km +E of + +Boulia +; +22°55′44.6″ S +, +139°58′23.7″ E +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +NHMW-ZOO-CR-28487 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +; +dead shrub old borrow pit +, + +113 km +S of + +Mount Isa +; +21°34′21.0″ S +, +139°11′58.4″ E +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91149 +, +P.91150 + +. + + +Additional material +(not examined) + + + +AUSTRALIA +– + +Queensland + +• +1 ♂ +; + +2 km +E + +of +Led Nappers crossing +; +29°31′41.7″ S +, +146°08′30.1″ E +; + +21 Jan. 2010 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91174 + +• + +2 ♂♂ +; +yapunyah pool + +36 km +N of + +highway; +27°49′09.6″ S +, +144°09′26.5″ E +; + +28 Feb. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +, +C. Sieves +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91161 +, +P.91662 + +• + +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +marsilea swamp + +2 km +E of + +Boulia +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91151 to P.91153 + +• + +1 ♂ +; old +borrow pit + +8 km +E of + +Boulia +; +22°55′44.6″ S +, +139°58′23.7″ E +; + +4 Mar. 2011 + +; +M. Schwentner +and +B.V. Timms +leg.; +AM P.91160 + +. + + + + + +Type locality + + + +Australia +, +Queensland +, Longreach. + + + +Description + + + +Males + + +CARAPACE +( +Fig. 9a, c–d, g +). Length +4.3–7.8 mm +(ST: +4.3 mm +, mean: +5.6 mm +), height +2.6–4.9 mm +(ST: +2.6 mm +, mean: +3.5 mm +). Coloration light-yellow-brown/ocher to darker reddish-brown or semitranslucent (ST), outer margin lighter. 17–63 (ST: 17, mean: 31) growth lines, 15–22 (ST: 16, mean: 17) widely spaced and 3–48 (ST: 3, mean: 14) crowded; ST with 3 more closely spaced growth bands from 7 +th +growth line, followed by 4 widely spaced growth bands and a second crowded region (probably a secondary growth phase). + + +CARAPACE +SHAPE +. Dorsal margin straight, distinct dorso-posterior corner. Posterior margin broadly rounded, weakly suboval (more circular than in many other species), equicurvate (b/H 0.48–0.53, ST: 0.48, mean: 0.51). Ventral margin broadly rounded. Umbo position anterior (Cr/L 0.20–0.25, ST: 0.22, mean: 0.22). + + +CARAPACE +ORNAMENTATION +( +Fig. 9e–f, h–k +). Larval valve and first few growth bands with shallow reticulations forming mainly irregular pentagons or hexagons. From mid-dorsal carapace, medium reticulations turning into pronounced lirae ventrally within growth bands (under SEM punctae or secondary reticulations between main reticulations and lirae apparent and lirae nodular). Lirae becoming longer and more pronounced on successive growth bands, but irregular reticulations persist dorsally on all wide growth bands or appear as anastomosing lirae posteriorly on the carapace. Some lirae intermittent, not reaching concentric ridge, or intercalating ventrally on growth bands. Crowded growth bands very narrow, without apparent ornamentation (intermittent lirae visible under SEM); secondary growth phase of ST with widely spaced, irregular and intermittent lirae. Concentric ridges raised, lined dorsally by minute nodules in moniliform rows. Filiform and short, stout setae ( +Fig. 9l +); usually 4–5 spiniform setae followed by one filiform seta (in many individuals only few and mostly filiform setae preserved); under SEM a single irregular row of setal pores along all growth lines. + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 10a, c, e +). Condyle short and weakly protruding, distally rounded; occipital notch wide. Condyle lacking anterobasal hump. Margin between condyle and ocular tubercle straight to slightly concave. Ocular tubercle weakly developed (rarely stronger developed), forming obtuse angle of varying degrees (mostly ~110°–140°, but ranging from close to rectangular to nearly straight; ST: ~110° [derived from +Gurney 1927 +]) with rostrum. Anterior margin of rostrum weakly convex (sometimes nearly straight). Apex rounded, acute (~60–90°). Ventral margin of rostrum concave. Naupliar eye elongated, subtriangular to subrectangular with rounded margins. Antenna I long with 12–19 lobes (ST: 18; mean: 15), reaching to antenna II flagellomeres III–X (ST: VIII; mean: VIII). Antenna II with 10–15 flagellomeres (ST: 12; mean: 13). + + +THORAX +. 23–25 (ST: 23; mean: 24) segments, 23–24 (ST: 23; mean: 23) thoracopod-bearing and none to one (ST: none) posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Dorsal extensions with numerous short, stout spines; these increase in size and decrease in numbers posteriorly. + + +THORACOPOD +III (only P.91159; +Fig. 10f +). Endite I short and curved dorsally.Endites II–V broad, decreasing in size. Endite V palp two-segmented, basal segment subequal in length to endopod. Exopod ventral extension subequal in extension to endopod, dorsal extension wide, narrowing distally, overreaching epipod. Epipod long, cylindric. + + + +Fig. 9. + +Ozestheria berneyi +( +Gurney, 1927 +) + +. +a–d +. Carapace. +a +. Male (P.91159). +b +. Female (P.91156). +c +. Male, dorsal view (only left valve shown; P.91159). +d +. Carapace male syntype (BMNH1929.3.14.2). +e–f +. Carapace ornamentation of male syntype (BMNH1929.3.14.2; positions marked by rectangles in d). +e +. Dorso-posterior carapace. +f +. Ventral carapace. +g +. Male (P.91157), SEM. +h–k +. Carapace ornamentation of male paratype (P.911157; positions marked in g by rectangles), SEM. +h +. Dorsal carapace. +i +. Posterior carapace. +j +. Dorsomedian carapace. +k +. Ventral carapace. +l +. Carapace setation female paratype (P.91156). Scale bars: a–d, g =0.5 mm; e–f, i–k =0.1 mm; h =0.02 mm. + + + + +Fig. 10. + +Ozestheria berneyi +( +Gurney, 1927 +) + +. +a–e +. Head (antennae not shown). +a +. Male, original drawing by +Gurney (1927) +. +b +. Female, original drawing by +Gurney (1927) +. +c +. Male (P.91159). +d +. Female (P.91156). +e +. Male (P.91157), SEM. +f +. Male, third right thoracopod (P.91159). +g–i +. Telson. +g +. Male, original drawing by +Gurney (1927) +. +h +. Male (P.91157), SEM. +i +. Male (P.91159). +j +. Distribution map (gray star indicates the type locality; produced in ArcMap 10.7; see caption Fig. 7 for sources). Scale bars: c–f, h–i=0.2 mm. + + + +TELSON +( + +Fig. +10g +–i + +). 14–29 spines (ST: 19, mean: 21). First (anterior) spine enlarged. Spines conical, spines on posterior ~1/5 slightly thinner and more drawn out (aciculate). Most spines small (compared to telson size) and subequal in size and spacing, few (usually 1–3) slightly larger spines interspersed in anterior ⅔ of telson (largest situated in the central part of the telson). Anteriormost spines not arranged along dorsal margin but slightly lateral. Dorsal margin nearly straight, anteriorly sometimes weakly convex. Right terminal claw more strongly curved than left. + + +FURCA +( + +Fig. +10g +–i + +). Proximally with dorsomedial longitudinal row of 6–13 (ST: 7, mean: 9) setae, row ending distally in a single conical spine. Distal part ½–⅔ of furcal length, with numerous small denticles. + + +Females + + +Overall appearance as in males. Carapace ( +Fig. 9b +) length +4.5–7.3 mm +(mean: +5.7 mm +), height +2.8– 4.5 mm +(mean: +3.5 mm +); 15–27 (mean: 21) growth lines, 14–22 (mean: 16) widely spaced and 1–10 (mean: 5) crowded; Cr/L 0.19–0.23 (mean: 0.20) and b/H 0.47–0.52 (mean: 0.50). Anterior margin of rostrum weakly convex to straight ( +Fig. 10b, d +); apex with acute angle (~70–90°), pointed, drawn out into protruding tip; ventral margin weakly concave. Antenna I with 11–17 small lobes (mean: 14), lobes smaller than in males; reaching to antenna II flagellomeres III–IV (mean: III). Antenna II with 11–14 flagellomeres (mean: 12). 23–25 (mean: 24) thoracopod-bearing segments, 23–24 (mean: 23) thoracopod-bearing and none to one posterior limbless segment not reaching dorsal margin. Telson with 17–26 (mean: 20) dorsal spines; left and right terminal claws equally curved. Furca with 5–10 setae (mean: 8), distal part ½–¾ of furcal length. + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 10j +) + + + +Ozestheria berneyi + +is widely distributed in the (semi)arid regions of eastern and central +Australia +. It has been most recorded from northern +New South Wales +and southern and western +Queensland +(e.g., catchments of the Georgina River and the central Cooper Creek) but also from northern +South Australia +. + + + + + +Remarks + + + + +Schwentner +et al +. (2015a) + +suggested that either +O. +sp. M or N might represent + +O. berneyi + +. By studying the type material, we were able to identify +O +. sp. M as + +O. berneyi + +; +O. +sp. N is being described as + +O. gemina + +sp. nov. +There are several strong arguments for +O. +sp. M representing + +O. berneyi + +: the carapace ornamentation (including polygonal reticulations dorsally within growth bands and the intermittent nodular lirae), and the length of the condyle (which is more elongated in + +O. gemina + +); also, +O. +sp. M was collected close to the type locality of + +O. berneyi + +. Only the carapace shape is a notable outlier (Supp. file 1_3.5 & 4.8). The original drawings of the male and female carapace by Gurney (Supp. file 1_4.6–4.7) were classified as +O +. sp. N (= + +O. gemina + +; probability 97.4% and 99.7%, typicality scores 0.89 and 0.05). The available +syntype +, however, was classified as +O +. sp. D1+D2 (= + +O. rubra + +; probability 87.7%, typicality score 0.00) and with 8.4% probability (0.00 typicality) as +O +. sp. N (= + +O. gemina + +). Our geometric morphometric analyses ( +Fig. 5 +) were restricted to adult-only datasets, and the length of the specimens of the +O. +sp. M training set ranged between +4.5 mm +and +7.8 mm +, while the studied +syntype +specimen is +4.3 mm +in length and, thus, probably a relatively young adult that does not show the characteristic very narrow growth bands in the crowded carapace region, which has a significant effect on carapace shape by extending the posteroventral margin. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9AFFF1B534A20DFED57C6F.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9AFFF1B534A20DFED57C6F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..38d566c109f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9AFFF1B534A20DFED57C6F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,221 @@ + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk + + + +Author + +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-06-20 + + +997 + + +210 +255 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 + + + + + +Genus + +Callistocilla +Hoffman, 1977 + + + + + + + + + +Callistocilla +Hoffman, 1977: 70 + + +. + +Type +species + +Callistocilla beatrix +Hoffman, 1977 + +, by original designation. + + + + + + +Type +species + + + + + +Callistocilla beatrix +Hoffman, 1977 + +. +KENYA +, Tiwi S of +Mombasa +. + + + + + +Other included species + + + + +Callistocilla cingulata +Hoffman, 2005 + +. +TANZANIA +. East Usambara Mts. + + + +Callistocilla dolorotrix +Hoffman, 2005 + +. +TANZANIA +. +Udzungwa Mts. + + + +Callistocilla +cf. +dolorotrix + +. +TANZANIA +. Pugu Forest Reserve. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Hoffman (1977: 71) +wrote “This genus is based upon one of the most disjunct and interesting chelodesmoids so far known to me” and “Actually, had the specimen been labelled with a Brasilian locality I should have experienced less difficulty in reconciling it with existing group”. These words, coming from the all-time number one authority on the huge family +Chelodesmidae +, testify to the isolated position of + +Callistocilla + +. As in so many other millipede groups, a phylogenetic analysis including molecular data is loudly called for. Here, the genus as such will not be discussed further, but notes on the Udzungwan species + +C. dolorotrix + +are given. The gonopod terminology of +Hoffman (2005) +will be employed. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9AFFF2B54BA73FFD4E7DE6.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9AFFF2B54BA73FFD4E7DE6.xml index 430c73e3b8e..ec69cc49988 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9AFFF2B54BA73FFD4E7DE6.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9AFFF2B54BA73FFD4E7DE6.xml @@ -1,115 +1,117 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - + Callistocilla dolorotrix -Hoffman, 2005 +Hoffman, 2005 @@ -131,13 +133,13 @@ Callistocilla dolorotrix -Hoffman, 2005: 52 +Hoffman, 2005: 52 - + Diagnosis @@ -148,6 +150,8 @@ Differing from congeners by the presence of ozopores on body rings 5, 7, 9–10, Polydesmida (vs ozopores absent in congeners), as well as by the spatulate shape of the gonopodal prefemoral process and the reflexed distal part of the parasolenomere (vs prefemoral process differently shaped and parasolenomere not reflexed in congeners). + + Material examined (total @@ -159,7 +163,7 @@ Differing from congeners by the presence of ozopores on body rings 5, 7, 9–10, ) - + TANZANIA – @@ -167,18 +171,20 @@ Differing from congeners by the presence of ozopores on body rings 5, 7, 9–10, , Kilombero District , + Udzungwa Mountains -National Park +National Park + - • - 1 ♀ ; -Njokamoni +Njokamoni ; 7°50′31.9″ S -, 36°52′471″ E; +, +36°52′471″ E +; 401 m a.s.l. @@ -195,17 +201,18 @@ a.s.l. W. Mhagawale and A. Marshall -leg.; FoRCE -Plot -11, closed canopy; COLL.NHMD - ACC.NO. 2022- EN-003; NHMD 1184735 +leg.; FoRCE Plot 11, closed canopy; COLL. +NHMD +- ACC.NO. 2022- EN-003; +NHMD 1184735 • - + 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; -Sanje +Sanje ; 7°46′43.4″ S , @@ -233,12 +240,13 @@ a.s.l. M. Mpoto and A. Marshall -leg.; FoRCE -Plot -24, open canopy; COLL.NHMD - ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 1184736 +leg.; FoRCE Plot 24, open canopy; COLL. +NHMD +- ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; +NHMD 1184736 • - + 3 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ @@ -255,12 +263,11 @@ a.s.l. 23 Feb. 2022 -; FoRCE -Plot -25, open canopy; NHMD 1184737 +; FoRCE Plot 25, open canopy; +NHMD 1184737 • - + 2 ♀♀ ; same data as for preceding; 7°46′52.1″ S @@ -287,17 +294,16 @@ a.s.l. H. Mnendendo and A. Marshall -leg.; FoRCE -Plot -92, open canopy; NHMD 1184738 +leg.; FoRCE Plot 92, open canopy; +NHMD 1184738 • - + 2 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ , -1 juv. +1 juv. ; same data as for preceding; Sanje ; @@ -325,14 +331,17 @@ a.s.l. M. Mpoto and A. Marshall -leg.; FoRCE plot 93, open canopy; NHMD 1184739 +leg.; FoRCE plot 93, open canopy; +NHMD 1184739 • - + 1 subad. ♀ ; + Udzungwa Mountains -National Park +National Park + ; 07°50′56.4″ S , @@ -350,24 +359,27 @@ a.s.l. A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall -leg.; micro-FoRCE plot 26, open forest; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 1184740 +leg.; micro-FoRCE plot 26, open forest; COLL. +NHMD +. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; +NHMD 1184740 . – - + Iringa Region , Kilolo District , + Udzungwa Scarp -Nature Reserve +Nature Reserve + - • - 2 ♂♂ ; -Uhafiwa +Uhafiwa ; 8°31′58.4″ S , @@ -393,17 +405,18 @@ a.s.l. A. Mpoto and A. Marshall -leg.; FoRCE -Plot -106, open canopy; COLL.NHMD - ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 1184741 +leg.; FoRCE Plot 106, open canopy; COLL. +NHMD +- ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; +NHMD 1184741 • - + 3 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ ; -Chita Juu +Chita Juu ; 8°32′23.4″ S , @@ -429,12 +442,13 @@ a.s.l. A. Mpoto and A. Marshall -leg.; FoRCE -Plot -109, open canopy, COLL.NHMD - ACC. NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 1184742 +leg.; FoRCE Plot 109, open canopy, COLL. +NHMD +- ACC. NO. 2022-EN-003; +NHMD 1184742 • - + 1 ♂ ; @@ -458,7 +472,8 @@ a.s.l. ; E. Milungu -leg.; understorey, NHMD 1184743 +leg.; understorey, +NHMD 1184743 . @@ -491,7 +506,7 @@ a.s.l. The examined specimens agree with the description by -Hoffman (2005) +Hoffman (2005) . However, there are a few differences between specimens from Udzungwa Mountains National Park ( @@ -501,7 +516,7 @@ and near ) and specimens from Udzungwa Scarp Nature Reserve, see -Table 3 +Table 3 and Figs 18–20 ). The specimens from the latter place were collected at much higher altitudes than those from the former. @@ -516,7 +531,7 @@ in diameter, and densely beset with tiny denticles, not only along one edge, as . Similar microsculpture was also seen in C. beatrix -Hoffman, 1977 +Hoffman, 1977 ( Fig. 20F @@ -526,7 +541,7 @@ in diameter, and densely beset with tiny denticles, not only along one edge, as The spinnerets were not described by -Hoffman (2005) +Hoffman (2005) . The four simple, setiform sensilla are placed in a quadrat at the tip of the epiproct. On Fig. 18C there is what looks somewhat, but not quite like the socket of a fifth spinneret; this structure was seen only on one of diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9CFFF8B7C2A4CAFA9878BD.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9CFFF8B7C2A4CAFA9878BD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..343ad7ea762 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9CFFF8B7C2A4CAFA9878BD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,289 @@ + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk + + + +Author + +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-06-20 + + +997 + + +210 +255 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 + + + + + +Key to +Chelodesmidae +from the Udzungwa Mountains + +(based on gonopodal characters) + + + + + + + +1. Prefemoral process ( +prp +) not in contact with solenomere ( +Fig. 19 +); coxa ( +cx +) without a conical process distally on anterior side ............................................ + +Callistocilla dolorotrix +Hoffman, 2005 + + + + + +– Prefemoral process in close contact with solenomere; coxa usually with a conical process ( +cxp +) distally on anterior side ..................................................................................................................... 2 + + + + + + +2. Prefemoral process ( +Figs 16–17 +, +prp +) elaborate, with several rows of strong spikes ........................ ................................................................................... + +Dionaeadesmus force +Enghoff + +gen. et sp. nov. + + + +– Prefemoral process not so elaborate, without rows of strong spikes ................................................ 3 + + + + + +3. Solenomere ( +slm +) very broad, much broader than prefemoral process ( +Fig. 14 +) ............................... .................................................................................................... + +Tanzaniella howelli +Hoffman, 1977 + + + + + +– Solenomere not much broader than prefemoral process ( + +Morogorius +spp. + +) .................................... 4 + + + + + + +4. Parasolenomere ( +ps +) deeply divided into two subequal lobes; coxal process ( +cxp +) very poorly developed ( +Figs 5–6 +) ............................................................... + +Morogorius divisus +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + +– Parasolenomere not divided into subequal lobes .............................................................................. 5 + + + + + +5. Parasolenomere ( +ps +) slender, straight, pointed with a tiny needlelike side branch ( +nb +) ( +Fig. 9 +) ........ .................................................................................................... + +Morogorius pugio +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + +– Parasolenomere different .................................................................................................................. 6 + + + + + +6. Parasolenomere ( +ps +) short, stout ( +Figs 11–12 +) ................................................................................. 7 + + + + +– Parasolenomere ( +ps +) larger, consisting of a broad basal part and a tapering apical part ( +Fig. 8 +) ....... ........................................................................................ + +Morogorius louishanseni +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +7. Parasolenomere ( +ps +) rounded, with a basal retrorse process; prefemoral process very broad, almost circular ( +Fig. 12 +) ................................................................... + +Morogorius cochlear +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + + +– Parasolenomere ( +ps +) pointed; prefemoral process not so broad ( +Fig. 11 +) .......................................... ............................................................................................. + +Morogorius kitungulu +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9DFFF6B539A24EFB5C7E8D.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9DFFF6B539A24EFB5C7E8D.xml index 663686b4ef7..7a66037735a 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9DFFF6B539A24EFB5C7E8D.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9DFFF6B539A24EFB5C7E8D.xml @@ -1,115 +1,117 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - + Callistocilla beatrix -Hoffman, 1977 +Hoffman, 1977 @@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ Callistocilla beatrix -Hoffman, 1977: 73 +Hoffman, 1977: 73 @@ -138,27 +140,26 @@ 1 ♂ ) - + + Holotype - - - KENYA • ♂ ; Tiwi -S of -Mombasa +S of Mombasa ; 18 May 1968 ; Schiøtz -leg.; ZMUC 00101515. +leg.; +ZMUC 00101515 +. diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9DFFF6B5CDA59DFE6E7D1B.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9DFFF6B5CDA59DFE6E7D1B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e889861f2a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FF9DFFF6B5CDA59DFE6E7D1B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,212 @@ + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk + + + +Author + +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-06-20 + + +997 + + +210 +255 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 + + + + + + +Callistocilla +sp. 1 + + + + + + +Fig. 20C–E + + + + +Material examined +(total +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +) + + + +TANZANIA +• +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; +Morogoro Region +, +Kanga Mts +, +Kanga Forest Reserve +; + +400–500 m +a.s.l. + +; + +22–25 Nov. 1984 + +; +N. Scharff +leg.; lowland rain forest; +NHMD 1184571 + +. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +These specimens agree closely with the original description of + +C. beatrix +( +Hoffman 1977 +) + +, except for the presence of very small ozopores ( +Fig. 20C–D +) and tiny small gonopod details. This species, too, shares the peculiar paranotal microsculpture seen in + +C. dolorotrix + +and + +C. beatrix + +( +Fig. 20E +). + + + + + +Identification of +Chelodesmidae +from the +Udzungwa Mountains + + + +As mentioned in the introduction, no useful diagnosis of the family +Chelodesmidae +is available. For identification of chelodesmids from the +Udzungwa Mts +it is therefore necessary to single out differences between this family and each other polydesmidan family occurring in the Udzungwas. +Table 4 +provides this information. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA3FFCCB538A238FB2B7B66.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA3FFCCB538A238FB2B7B66.xml index a64f4ea62a1..8d5b47aab9a 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA3FFCCB538A238FB2B7B66.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA3FFCCB538A238FB2B7B66.xml @@ -1,115 +1,117 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - + Tanzaniella howelli -Hoffman, 1977 +Hoffman, 1977 @@ -129,20 +131,22 @@ Tanzaniella howelli -Hoffman, 1977: 79 +Hoffman, 1977: 79 . - + Diagnosis Redundant, genus monotypic. + + Material examined (total @@ -154,7 +158,7 @@ ) - + TANZANIA – @@ -162,32 +166,57 @@ , Kilombero District , -Magombera Nature Reserve +Magombera Nature Reserve - • 1 ♀ , -1 juv. +1 juv. ; 7°48′46.332″ S , 36°58′32.2314″ E ; -273 m + +273 m + a.s.l.; -26 Dec. 2019 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 2; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 1184714 • + +26 Dec. 2019 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 2; COLL. +NHMD +. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; +NHMD 1184714 + +• + 1 ♀ ; 7°48′53.946″ S , 36°59′20.025″ E ; -267 m + +267 m + a.s.l.; -13 Jan. 2019 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 7; NHMD 1184715 • + +13 Jan. 2019 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 7; +NHMD 1184715 + +• + 3 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ @@ -196,10 +225,22 @@ a.s.l.; , 36°58′55.236″ E ; -271 m + +271 m + a.s.l.; -31 Jan. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 13; NHMD 1184716 • + +31 Jan. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 13; +NHMD 1184716 + +• + 2 ♂♂ , 4 ♀♀ @@ -208,10 +249,22 @@ a.s.l.; , 36°58′2.7948″ E ; -282 m + +282 m + a.s.l.; -5 Mar. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 22; NHMD 1184717 • + +5 Mar. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 22; +NHMD 1184717 + +• + 3 ♂♂ , 7 ♀♀ @@ -220,26 +273,49 @@ a.s.l.; , 36°57′33.8754″ E ; -280 m + +280 m + a.s.l.; -16 Mar. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; closed forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 27; NHMD 1184698 • + +16 Mar. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; closed forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 27; +NHMD 1184698 + +• + 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ -, 4 juvs; +, +4 +juvs; 7°48′45.8634″ S , 36°58′38.4954″ E ; -274 m + +274 m + a.s.l.; -27 Feb. 2018 -; A R. Marshall leg.; open forest, Half-FoRCE plot 33; NHMD 1184718 • - + +27 Feb. 2018 + +; +A R. Marshall +leg.; open forest, Half-FoRCE plot 33; +NHMD 1184718 + +• + 1 ♂ , -1 juv. +1 juv. ; 7°48′34.0554″ E , @@ -255,22 +331,29 @@ a.s.l. ; A.R. Marshall -leg.; open forest, Half-FoRCE plot 36; NHMD 1184719. – +leg.; open forest, Half-FoRCE plot 36; +NHMD 1184719 +. + +– + Morogoro Region , Kilombero District , + Udzungwa Mountains -National Park +National Park + , -Mwanihana +Mwanihana - • - 1 ♀ -; Njokamoni; +; +Njokamoni +; 7°50′31.8474″ S , 36°52′47.1354″ E @@ -291,17 +374,18 @@ a.s.l. W. Mhagawale and A. Marshall -leg.; open canopy, ForCE -Plot -11; COLL. NHMD - ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 1184720 +leg.; open canopy, ForCE Plot 11; COLL. +NHMD +- ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; +NHMD 1184720 • - + 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ , -1 juv. +1 juv. ; same data as for preceding; 7°50′33.1434″ S , @@ -315,38 +399,73 @@ a.s.l. 22 Dec. 2021 -; open canopy, ForCE -Plot -12; NHMD 1184721 +; open canopy, ForCE Plot 12; +NHMD 1184721 • + 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ -; Sanje Kati camp and plot; +; +Sanje Kati camp and plot +; 7°45′47.6″ S , 36°53′10.4″ E ; -850 m + +850 m + a.s.l.; -20–23 Jan. 2014 -; T. Pape and N. Scharff leg.; in copula, hand-collected; NHMD 1184730 • + +20–23 Jan. 2014 + +; +T. Pape +and +N. Scharff +leg.; in copula, +hand-collected +; +NHMD 1184730 + +• + 1 ♂ -; Sanje Chini camp; +; +Sanje Chini camp +; 7°46′24.6″ S , 36°53′47.7″ E ; -598 m + +598 m + a.s.l.; -17–19 Jan. 2014 -; T. Pape and N. Scharff leg.; hand-collected; NHMD 1184731 • - + +17–19 Jan. 2014 + +; +T. Pape +and +N. Scharff +leg.; +hand-collected +; +NHMD 1184731 + +• + 1 ♂ , 3 ♀♀ -, 5 juvs; Sanje; +, +5 +juvs; +Sanje +; 7°46′43.3914″ S , 36°54′4.32″ E @@ -373,16 +492,19 @@ a.s.l. M. Mpoto and A. Marshall -leg.; open canopy, ForCE -Plot -24; COLL.NHMD - ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 1184722 +leg.; open canopy, ForCE Plot 24; COLL. +NHMD +- ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; +NHMD 1184722 • - + 4 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ -; Sanje; +; +Sanje +; 7°46′52.14″ S , 36°54′11.7714″ E @@ -407,73 +529,148 @@ a.s.l. H. Mnendendo and A. Marshall -leg.; open canopy. ForCE -Plot -92: COLL.NHMD - ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 1184661. – +leg.; open canopy. ForCE Plot 92: COLL. +NHMD +- ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; +NHMD 1184661 +. – + + -Morogoro Region +Morogoro Region , Kilombero District , + Udzungwa Mountains -National Park +National Park + - • 8 ♂♂ , 11 ♀♀ , -1 juv. +1 juv. ; 7°49′13.2198″ S , 36°53′33.4608″ E ; -334 m + +334 m + a.s.l.; -25 Feb. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 17; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 1184723 • + +25 Feb. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 17; COLL. +NHMD +. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; +NHMD 1184723 + +• + 1 ♂ ; 7°50′14.5314″ S , 36°53′7.7634″ E ; -358 m + +358 m + a.s.l.; -13 Feb. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; closed forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 18; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 1184724 • + +13 Feb. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; closed forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 18; COLL. +NHMD +. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; +NHMD 1184724 + +• + 5 ♂♂ ; 7°49′30.8424″ S , 36°53′29.1798″ E ; -340 m + +340 m + a.s.l.; -21 Feb. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 19; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 1184725 • + +21 Feb. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 19; COLL. +NHMD +. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; +NHMD 1184725 + +• + 1 ♂ ; 7°49′46.5348″ S , 36°53′27.873″ E ; -347 m + +347 m + a.s.l.; -27 Feb. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 20; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 1184726 • + +27 Feb. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 20; COLL. +NHMD +. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; +NHMD 1184726 + +• + 2 ♀♀ ; 7°47′24.216″ S , 36°54′7.128″ E ; -334 m + +334 m + a.s.l.; -17 Feb. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; open forest Micro-FoRCE plot 25; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 1184727 • + +17 Feb. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; open forest Micro-FoRCE plot 25; COLL. +NHMD +. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; +NHMD 1184727 + +• + 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ @@ -482,23 +679,52 @@ a.s.l.; , 36°53′57.6132″ E ; -331 m + +331 m + a.s.l.; -19 Feb. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 28; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 1184728 • + +19 Feb. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; open forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 28; COLL. +NHMD +. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; +NHMD 1184728 + +• + 3 ♀♀ , -1 juv. +1 juv. ; 7°47′1.1394″ S , 36°54′13.8594″ E ; -381 m + +381 m + a.s.l.; -15 Feb. 2020 -; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; closed forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 30; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 1184729. + +15 Feb. 2020 + +; +A. Ngute +and +A.R. Marshall +leg.; closed forest, Micro-FoRCE plot 30; COLL. +NHMD +. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; +NHMD 1184729 +. + + + Descriptive notes @@ -510,7 +736,7 @@ The original description of T. howelli , including the accompanying drawings ( -Hoffman 1977 +Hoffman 1977 ), are fully satisfactory for recognizing the species. Study of the abundant material from the Udzungwa Mts allows, however, some additions to the description. @@ -520,7 +746,7 @@ allows, however, some additions to the description. . Max. body width of males 4.3–4.7 mm ( -Hoffman 1977 +Hoffman 1977 : 4.6 mm ). @@ -532,7 +758,7 @@ allows, however, some additions to the description. ). Overall colour of freshly preserved specimens ( Fig. 2C ) reddish brown, with contrasting yellowish paraterga. After four years in alcohol as described by -Hoffman (1977) +Hoffman (1977) , except that the colour of “middorsum of metaterga, most of prozona, and sides of metazona” is dark piceous brown in males, and medium brown in females, rather than “piceous black”. @@ -591,11 +817,11 @@ spp. Prefemoral process ( prp ) (“tibiotarsus” of -Hoffman 1977 +Hoffman 1977 ) a narrow band curving over convex surface of solenomere, apically with two small tines. Solenomere ( slm ) (solenomerite and acropodite of -Hoffman 1977 +Hoffman 1977 ) a very large and broad sheet, dorsally deeply concave. Parasolenomere ( ps ) a thin, straight rod. @@ -645,7 +871,7 @@ contrasts with the situation at the locality near Dar es Salaam where, according to -Hoffman (1977: 81) +Hoffman (1977: 81) , “The species does not appear to be abundant (or conspicuous), as two specimens only have been found by Dr Howell over a period of “several years of collecting in the region of diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA7FFF1B577A291FE94793D.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA7FFF1B577A291FE94793D.xml index dbe76373b91..789b011a9f4 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA7FFF1B577A291FE94793D.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA7FFF1B577A291FE94793D.xml @@ -1,110 +1,112 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - - + + @@ -114,6 +116,8 @@ Enghoff gen. et sp. nov. + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: @@ -121,7 +125,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: - + Figs @@ -141,13 +145,15 @@ Figs Redundant, genus monotypic. - + Etymology Named after the FoRCE project (see Material and methods). Noun in apposition. + + Material examined (total @@ -156,13 +162,11 @@ Figs 9 ♀♀ ) - + + Holotype - - - TANZANIA • ♂ @@ -173,9 +177,9 @@ Figs , Kilombero Nature Reserve , -Ndundulu +Ndundulu , -Luala +Luala ; 7°46′00.4″ S , @@ -199,18 +203,18 @@ a.s.l. A. Mpoto and A. Marshall -leg.; FoRCE -Plot -70, closed canopy, litter sifting; COLL.NHMD – ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 1184575. +leg.; FoRCE Plot 70, closed canopy, litter sifting; COLL. +NHMD +– ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; +NHMD 1184575 +. - + + Paratypes - - - TANZANIA • 2 ♂♂ @@ -219,7 +223,7 @@ leg.; FoRCE ; same data as for holotype; Ndundulu , -Chawemba +Chawemba ; 7°44′54.4″ S , @@ -233,12 +237,11 @@ a.s.l. 8 Nov. 2021 -; FoRCE -Plot -81, open canopy; NHMD 1184562 +; FoRCE Plot 81, open canopy; +NHMD 1184562 • - + 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ @@ -249,11 +252,9 @@ a.s.l. , West Kilombero Scarp Forest Reserve , - -Nyumbanitu Mts -, S - -Udekwa Village +Nyumbanitu Mts +, +S Udekwa Village ; 07°48′ S , @@ -269,10 +270,11 @@ a.s.l. ; J.O. Svendsen -leg.; NHMD 1184576 +leg.; +NHMD 1184576 • - + 2 ♂♂ , 4 ♀♀ @@ -285,10 +287,13 @@ a.s.l. L.L. Sørensen and J.O. Svendsen -leg.; NHMD 1184572 +leg.; +NHMD 1184572 . + + Specimens from Luala are very fragile. Description @@ -578,11 +583,11 @@ occurs in Prepodesmus laciniosus ( -Attems, 1937 +Attems, 1937 ) , of uncertain generic affiliation ( -Demange & Mauriès 1975 +Demange & Mauriès 1975 ) from Congo . This species, however, differs markedly from @@ -590,11 +595,11 @@ occurs in D. force in having a very short, simple, pointed solenomere ( -Attems 1937 +Attems 1937 : “Rinnenast”) and a two-branched solenophore ( -Attems 1937 +Attems 1937 : “Tibiotarsus”), and the two taxa are probably not closely related. See also -Chamberlin (1952) +Chamberlin (1952) (as Morphotelus diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA9FFC5B550A323FEBA7863.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA9FFC5B550A323FEBA7863.xml index 136652e5775..dff43d43c50 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA9FFC5B550A323FEBA7863.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFA9FFC5B550A323FEBA7863.xml @@ -1,110 +1,112 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - - + + @@ -114,14 +116,14 @@ Enghoff sp. nov. + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 052AECF5-0923-403F-AEC2-F2E1F918DB22 - - Figs 1 , @@ -155,7 +157,7 @@ by the pointed shape of the parasolenomere, the slenderer prefemoral process and ). - + Etymology @@ -166,24 +168,28 @@ Named after the type locality. Noun in apposition. + + Material examined (total 1 ♂ ) - + + Holotype - - - TANZANIA • ♂ ; -Udzungwa Mts, Kitungulu Forest Reserve + +Udzungwa Mts +, +Kitungulu Forest Reserve + ; 08°09′ S , @@ -203,9 +209,13 @@ a.s.l. P. Gravlund and A. Jakobsen -leg.; NHMD 1184573. +leg.; +NHMD 1184573 +. + + Description (male) diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFABFFC2B537A27DFE9F7863.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFABFFC2B537A27DFE9F7863.xml index 22fc5de7391..3bef6c548c4 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFABFFC2B537A27DFE9F7863.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFABFFC2B537A27DFE9F7863.xml @@ -1,110 +1,112 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - - + + @@ -114,14 +116,14 @@ Enghoff sp. nov. + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 66768505-0FD5-4E1B-AC6F-D763ADD4639E - - Figs 1 , @@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ by the simple thin, straight, pointed parasolenomere with a small needlelike sid ). - + Etymology @@ -158,26 +160,30 @@ Named after the parasolenomere which reminds of a dagger (Latin ’). Noun in apposition. + + Material examined (total 1 ♂ ) - + + Holotype - - - TANZANIA • ♂ ; Morogoro Region , -Udzungwa Mts Natl. Park, Kidatu + +Udzungwa Mts Natl. Park +, +Kidatu + ; 07°40′42.1″ S , @@ -193,13 +199,15 @@ a.s.l. ; J. Malumbres-Olarte -leg.; -Plot -6, +leg.; Plot 6, pitfall trap -, sample code 6 PT8; NHMD 1184710. +, sample code 6 PT8; +NHMD 1184710 +. + + Description (male) diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFACFFC7B53CA3B4FAF07C95.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFACFFC7B53CA3B4FAF07C95.xml index 47ff4500add..8e05a81335c 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFACFFC7B53CA3B4FAF07C95.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFACFFC7B53CA3B4FAF07C95.xml @@ -1,120 +1,122 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - + Morogorius pallidus -Verhoeff, 1941 +Verhoeff, 1941 - + Diagnosis @@ -126,31 +128,36 @@ Differs from other species of Morogorius by the deep division of the parasolenomere into a long slender branch and a considerably shorter daggerlike branch, in combination with a well-developed ‘shoulder’ of the solenomere ( -Verhoeff 1941 +Verhoeff 1941 : fig. 21; -Hoffman 1977 +Hoffman 1977 : fig. 11). + + Material examined (total 1 ♀ ) - + + Paratype - - - TANZANIA • 1 ♀ -; “Tanganyika”; “1123”; ZMB 2696 +; “ +Tanganyika +”; “1123”; +ZMB 2696 . + + Descriptive notes @@ -199,9 +206,9 @@ In any case, there is no doubt that the gonopods of M. pallidus as described by -Verhoeff (1941) +Verhoeff (1941) and -Hoffman (1977) +Hoffman (1977) are ‘congeneric’ with those of the new species of Morogorius diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFAEFFC7B548A323FE9F78F6.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFAEFFC7B548A323FE9F78F6.xml index 5f10e6f188c..b6dfc06444b 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFAEFFC7B548A323FE9F78F6.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFAEFFC7B548A323FE9F78F6.xml @@ -1,110 +1,112 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - - + + @@ -114,14 +116,14 @@ Enghoff sp. nov. + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5E6446F3-AF09-4A1F-8716-E117ECC2D99A - - Figs 1 , @@ -155,7 +157,7 @@ by the rounded shape of the parasolenomere, which has a retrose pointed process, ). - + Etymology @@ -169,29 +171,31 @@ Named after the prefemoral process which is in the shape of a spoon (Latin ’). Noun in apposition. + + Material examined (total 1 ♂ ) - + + Holotype - - - TANZANIA • ♂ ; Morogoro Region , + Udzungwa Mountains -National Park +National Park + , -Kidatu +Kidatu ; 07°41′06.2″ S , @@ -207,13 +211,15 @@ a.s.l. ; J. Malumbres-Olarte -leg.; -Plot -9, +leg.; Plot 9, pitfall trap -; NHMD 1184574. +; +NHMD 1184574 +. + + Description (male) diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFB3FFDDB53EA41FFDF97C53.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFB3FFDDB53EA41FFDF97C53.xml index 988056dd850..7ff2fad793b 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFB3FFDDB53EA41FFDF97C53.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFB3FFDDB53EA41FFDF97C53.xml @@ -1,110 +1,112 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - - + + @@ -114,14 +116,14 @@ Enghoff sp. nov. + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 48AFBD40-57E0-4F1B-9F58-ABF792FFE13E - - Figs 1 , @@ -150,13 +152,15 @@ by the deep division of the parasolenomere ( ). - + Etymology Named after the deeply divided parasolenomere. Adjective. + + Material examined (total @@ -165,13 +169,11 @@ by the deep division of the parasolenomere ( 11 ♀♀ ) - + + Holotype - - - TANZANIA • @@ -182,10 +184,12 @@ by the deep division of the parasolenomere ( , Kilolo District , + Udzungwa Scarp -Nature Reserve +Nature Reserve + , -Uhafiwa +Uhafiwa ; 8°31′58.404″ S , @@ -211,9 +215,11 @@ a.s.l. A. Mpoto and A. Marshall -leg.; FoRCE -Plot -106, open canopy; COLL.NHMD - ACC. NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 1184703. +leg.; FoRCE Plot 106, open canopy; COLL. +NHMD +- ACC. NO. 2022-EN-003; +NHMD 1184703 +. @@ -358,33 +364,36 @@ Enghoff = solenomere. Scale bars. A = 0.2 mm; B, D = 0.1 mm; C = 0.01 mm. - + + Paratypes - - - TANZANIA – Iringa Region , -Kilolo District +Kilolo District , + Udzungwa Scarp -Nature Reserve +Nature Reserve + - • - 8 ♂♂ , 7 ♀♀ -; same data as for holotype; NHMD 1184699, NHMD 1184701, NHMD 1184702 +; same data as for holotype; +NHMD 1184699 +, +NHMD 1184701 +, +NHMD 1184702 • - + 2 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ @@ -403,15 +412,14 @@ a.s.l. 24 Jan. 2022 -; FoRCE -Plot -107, open canopy; NHMD 1184704 to NHMD 1184706 +; FoRCE Plot 107, open canopy; +NHMD 1184704 to NHMD 1184706 • - + 2 ♀♀ ; -Chita Juu +Chita Juu ; 8°32′23.388″ S , @@ -437,12 +445,17 @@ a.s.l. A. Mpoto and A. Marshall -leg.; FoRCE -Plot -109, open canopy; COLL.NHMD - ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 1184708, NHMD 1184709 +leg.; FoRCE Plot 109, open canopy; COLL. +NHMD +- ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; +NHMD 1184708 +, +NHMD 1184709 . + + Description (males) diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFB6FFC0B562A7D2FABD792C.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFB6FFC0B562A7D2FABD792C.xml index 20e42c15afd..fa37a5178a7 100644 --- a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFB6FFC0B562A7D2FABD792C.xml +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFB6FFC0B562A7D2FABD792C.xml @@ -1,110 +1,112 @@ - - - -A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) - - -Author + + +Author -Enghoff, Henrik -9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC -Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. -henghoff@snm.ku.dk +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk - - -Author + + +Author -Ngute, Alain Senghor K. -4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. -kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mnendendo, Hamidu R. -02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -hamidumnendendo@gmail.com +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Kivambe, Exaud E. -5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 -Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -exaudkivambe@gmail.com +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mhagawale, Waziri -E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Malanda, Robin C. -48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -malandarobin2@gmail.com +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Mpoto, Athuman -D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 -Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. -athumanmpoto12@gmail.com +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Marshall, Andrew R. -0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 -Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. -amarshal@usc.edu.au +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2025 - -2025-06-20 + +2025 + +2025-06-20 - -997 + +997 - -210 -255 + +210 +255 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 -2118-9773 -15748214 -7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 - - + + @@ -114,14 +116,14 @@ Enghoff sp. nov. + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4F551606-55DA-40F7-818B-C21F9BA84545 - - Figs 1 , @@ -146,7 +148,7 @@ by the shape of the parasolenomere: broad base, lateral shoulder and tapering ap ). - + Etymology @@ -157,6 +159,8 @@ Named after Louis Hansen, collector of many new millipede species in the Udzungwa Mts. Noun in genitive. + + Material examined (total @@ -165,13 +169,11 @@ in genitive. 10 ♀♀ ) - + + Holotype - - - TANZANIA • ♂ @@ -182,11 +184,9 @@ in genitive. , West Kilombero Scarp Forest Reserve , - -Nyumbanitu Mts -, S - -Udekwa Village +Nyumbanitu Mts +, +S Udekwa Village ; 07°48′ S , @@ -202,25 +202,26 @@ a.s.l. ; J.O. Svendsen -leg.; NHMD 1184745. +leg.; +NHMD 1184745 +. - + + Paratypes - - - TANZANIA • 9 ♂♂ , 5 ♀♀ -; same data as for holotype; NHMD 1184713 +; same data as for holotype; +NHMD 1184713 • - + 4 ♂♂ , 2 ♀♀ @@ -229,20 +230,25 @@ leg.; NHMD 1184745. 1700 m a.s.l. -; NHMD 1184577 +; +NHMD 1184577 • - + 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ ; Iringa Region , -Udzungwa Mts, Ndundulu Forest + +Udzungwa Mts , -Waller’s -camp; +Ndundulu Forest + +, +Waller’s camp +; 07°46′ S , 36°29′ E @@ -257,10 +263,11 @@ a.s.l. ; L.A. Hansen -and local assistants leg.; tropical semi-evergreen forest; NHMD 1184700 +and local assistants leg.; tropical semi-evergreen forest; +NHMD 1184700 • - + 2 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ @@ -268,22 +275,43 @@ and local assistants leg.; tropical semi-evergreen forest; NHMD 1184700 1–12 Jan. 2007 -; NHMD 1184712 +; +NHMD 1184712 • + 14 ♂♂ ; -Udzungwa Mts, Kitungulu Forest Reserve + +Udzungwa Mts +, +Kitungulu Forest Reserve + ; 08°09′ S , 36°05′ E ; -1500 m + +1500 m + a.s.l.; -Jan. 1996 -; M. Andersen, P. Gravlund and A. Jakobsen leg.; NHMD 1184563. + +Jan. 1996 + +; +M. Andersen +, +P. Gravlund +and +A. Jakobsen +leg.; +NHMD 1184563 +. + + + Description (males) diff --git a/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFBFFFD8B532A4C6FAE37F0F.xml b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFBFFFD8B532A4C6FAE37F0F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..125792ba075 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D9/24/C4/D924C438FFBFFFD8B532A4C6FAE37F0F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,633 @@ + + + +A mountain of millipedes XII. The Chelodesmidae of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik +9B9D901F-D6C8-4BCA-B11B-CF6EE85B16DC +Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. +henghoff@snm.ku.dk + + + +Author + +Ngute, Alain Senghor K. +4F621C77-C4E7-49C8-ABB2-C6FF1DFD60C6 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. +kamdoum.senghor@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mnendendo, Hamidu R. +02489B44-5503-42BF-8DD9-1F40930F0D4D +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +hamidumnendendo@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Kivambe, Exaud E. +5C44DEE2-B0F1-4AAC-9511-635717514275 +Udzungwa Ecological Monitoring Centre, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +exaudkivambe@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mhagawale, Waziri +E485EE38-FFDB-4859-8679-CFA20A5FFD3F +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +mhagawalewaziri@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Malanda, Robin C. +48C3CC4E-D305-4C75-97D0-B8FBF8CAE53A +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +malandarobin2@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mpoto, Athuman +D2E8B2B5-5E6E-42A0-AAE8-6321E9052640 +Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. +athumanmpoto12@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Marshall, Andrew R. +0AE8656F-DA17-4955-95A9-1B9EF7910037 +Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia. & Reforest Africa, Mang’ula, Kilombero District, Tanzania. & Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK. +amarshal@usc.edu.au + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2025 + +2025-06-20 + + +997 + + +210 +255 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2935/13261 + +journal article +310741 +10.5852/ejt.2025.997.2935 +72fcfd48-0085-4bb9-8fb7-7be20ec44fa6 +2118-9773 +15748214 +7B5B16E6-9F24-47A7-B4F0-62364E6C16A1 + + + + +Genus + +Morogorius +Verhoeff, 1941 + + + + + + +Morogorius +Verhoeff, 1941: 249 + +. + + + + + + +Type +species + + + + + +Morogorius pallidus +Verhoeff, 1941 + +( +Tanzania +) by monotypy. + + + + + +Other included species + + + + +Morogorius divisus +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + +Morogorius louishanseni +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + +Morogorius pugio +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + +Morogorius kitungulu +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + +Morogorius cochlear +Enghoff + +sp. nov. + + + + +Table 2. +Comparison of chelodesmid genera occurring in Tanzania. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Character + + +Morogorius + + + +Tanzaniella + + + +Dionaeadesmus + +gen. nov. + + +Callistocilla + + + +Morphotelus + +1 + + +Mesodesmus + +2 +
Paranotal microsculptureCytoscutes narrow, more or less irregular, not microspiculateCytoscutes narrow, more or less irregular, not microspiculateCytoscutes narrow, more or less irregular, not microspiculateCytoscutes isodiametric, densely microspiculate??
Gonopod coxa +With a conical process distally on the anterior side (exception: + +M. divisus + +sp. nov. +) +With a conical process distally on the anterior sideWith a conical process distally on the anterior sideNo such processNo such processNo such process
Prefemoral process / “solenophore”In close contact with solenomere, without rows of spikesIn close contact with solenomere, very slender, without rows of spikesIn close contact with solenomere, with rows of strong spikesNot in contact with solenomere“solenophore”very broad, with several lobes, “surrounding” solenomere“solenophore”apparently very large, “surrounding” other processes
SolenomereNot much broader than prefemoral processVery broad, much broader than prefemoral processComplicated, narrower than prefemoral processNot very broadSimple, slender?
+ + + +1 +fide +Carl (1909) +, +Chamberlin (1952) + + +2 +fide +Carl (1909) +, +Silvestri (1909) + + + + + +History and diagnosis + + + +The history of + +Morogorius + +is brief. In the original description, it was placed in subfamily +Cordyloporinae Brölemann, 1916 +(now: +Prepodesminae +) and was diagnosed as follows (translated from +Verhoeff 1941: 249 +): “This genus is based on the absence of dorsal processes, on lack of denticulation on the paranota as well as on the hind margin of the diplosomites between paranota and sterna, and on characters of the gonopods” and “Different from the related genera + +Cordyloporus + +, + +Paracordyloporus + +, + +Scolopopleura + +and + +Graphidochirus + +in the gonopods, in part also in body characters” ( +Verhoeff 1941: 249–250 +). +Chamberlin (1952) +didn’t mention + +Morogorius + +, nor did +Demange & Mauriès (1975) +. +Hoffman (1977) +restudied and re-drew the gonopods of the +type +species and compared it to his + +Tanzaniella howelli +Hoffman, 1977 + +. That’s all. + + +A useful differential diagnosis of + +Morogorius + +is thus not available, as is the case for very many millipede genera. Considering the very large number of genera in +Chelodesmidae +, in combination with the lack of useful diagnoses of the family +Chelodesmidae +and the subfamily +Prepodesminae +, such a diagnosis cannot be presented here. However, + +Morogorius + +differs from other Tanzanian genera of +Chelodesmidae +in the characters presented in +Table 2 +. The homology of the largest gonopodal process in + +Morphotelus + +and + +Mesodesmus + +is uncertain, therefore the process may preliminary be termed “solenophore”. + + + + + +General description of + +Morogorius + + +(males) + + +SIZE +. Length +21–31 mm +, max. width +3.6–5.7 mm +. Collum wider than head but narrower than ring 2, roughly parallel-sided from ring 3 to midbody, thereafter moderately tapering. + + +COLOUR +. Overall colour (reddish) brown, in part (species-specific) with some or all paranota contrastingly pale ( +Fig. 2A–B +). + + +HEAD +( +Fig. 3A–B +). Densely setose below and between antennal sockets, labrogenal offset not very pronounced, epicranial groove distinct, interantennal space narrow, 0.5–0.6 × length of antennomere 2. Antennae reaching back to ring 6 when stretched. + + + +COLLUM + +( +Fig. 3A, C +). In the shape of an isosceles curved trapezoid with the longer margin anteriorly, lateral corners smoothly rounded, surface granular, especially laterally. A row of 2–4 setae close to anterior margin. + + + +BODY + +RINGS +( +Figs 3C–H +, +7 +, +10B–F +). Prozonites smooth, with simple, cellular microsculpture ( +Fig. 3D +). Metazonites flat, granular dorsally and laterally, 1.4–1.8 × as broad as prozonites, with 1+1 small, thin setae anteriorly (setae apparently absent in + +M. pugio +Enghoff + +sp. nov. +) and a prominent transverse sulcus on rings 5–18. Paranota horizontal, those of rings 2–3 very slightly projecting forwards, following paranota rectangular but from some point (ring 5–15 according to species) with posterior corners increasingly projecting backward. Paranotal microsculpture ( +Fig. 10D +) formed by longitudinally stretched, narrow cytoscutes of more or less irregular shape. Ozopore formula normal (5, 7, 9–10, 12– 13, 15–19), ozopores circular, delimited by smooth ring in peritremata on edge of paranota, ca midway between anterior and posterior margin. Sterna ( +Fig. 4E +) broad, with a transverse impression and a row of fine setae near anterior margin. Spiracles (only studied in + +M +. +divisus +Enghoff + +sp. nov. +): anterior spiracle on each diploring pear-shaped, posterior spiracle subcircular, both with plugs showing a very pronounced cellular pattern ( +Fig. 3G +). Limbus ( +Fig. 4F +) with straight margin, consisting of a densely, finely striate marginal zone preceded by a row of rectangular cells. + + + +LEGS + +( +Figs 4C–D +, +10F +). Slender, without modifications, length 1.2–1.6 × maximum body width, length not increasing towards hind end, + + + +Fig. 2. +Chelodesmids from the + +Udzungwa Mts. +A +. + + +Morogorius divisus +Enghoff + +sp. nov. +, paratype, ♀ (NHMD 1184699). +B +. + +Morogorius louishanseni +Enghoff + +sp. nov. +, paratype, +♂ +(NHMD 1184563). +C–D +. + +Tanzaniella howelli +Hoffman, 1977 + +. +C +. Freshly preserved specimen (uncatalogued). +D +. Female from Mwanihana (NHMD 1184730). +E +. + +Dionaeadesmus force +Enghoff + +gen. et sp. nov. +, paratype, ♀ (NHMD 1184572), rings 11–13 missing. +F +. + +Callistocilla dolorotrix +Hoffman, 2005 + +, male from +Udzungwa Scarp +Nature Reserve (NHMD 1184742). Scale bars: A–B, D–F = 2 mm; C not to scale. Photos: S.G. Selvantharan (A–B, D–F), A.R. Marshall (C). + + + + +TELSON + +( +Fig. 4A–B +). Preanal ring with several setae along dorsal part of posterior margin; epiproct large, with prominent lateral setiferous tubercles; spinnerets arranged in an almost quadratic trapezoid on a smooth terminal swelling, simple, flanked by 1+1 globular, sometimes partly collapsed structures. Anal valves (paraprocts, +pp +) unmodified, each with 2 setae, dorsal seta ( +ds +) on marginal rim, ventral seta ( +vs +) more lateral, Subanal scale (hypoproct, +hp +) semicircular, unmodified, with 1+1 marginal setae. + + +GONAPOPHYSES +. Short, triangular. + + +GONOPOD +APERTURE +. Transversely oval, more than twice as broad as long, rim simple. + + +GONOPODS +( +Figs 5–6 +, +8–9 +, +11–12 +). No sternal remnant. Coxa ( +cx +) cylindrical, short, length ≈ diameter (perhaps slightly longer in + +M. pallidus + +), with a conical process ( +cxp +) distally on the anterior side (absent to barely discernible in + +M. divisus + +sp. nov. +); two long setae on anterior surface basal to process, a field of up to ca a dozen setae ( +ls +) on lateral surface (except in + +M. louishanseni + +sp. nov. +and perhaps + +M. pallidus + +) and numerous setae on meso-posterior surface. Cannula ( +ca +) stout. Prefemoral part ( +prf +) bent at right angles relative to +cx +, cylindrical: length 2–2½ × diameter (maybe slightly less in + +M. pallidus + +), numerous long setae on ventral surface. Efferent canal running straight on meso-dorsal side of +prf +, at level of base of parasolenomere bending laterad into solenomere; prefemoral process ( +prp +) originating dorso-laterally from main body of +prf +, at least as long as solenomere and parasolenomere, basally slender, apically more or less expanded, of species-specific shape and curving over solenomere and parasolenomere; +prf +distally delimited by cingulum ( +ci +), cingulum very distinct on ventral side of gonopod (except in + +M. kitungulu +Enghoff + +sp. nov. +where it is less distinct). Acropodite: main body strongly reduced, indiscernible, giving rise to solenomere and parasolenomere. Solenomere ( +slm +) slightly shorter than +prp +(apparently same length in + +M. pallidus + +according to the original decription of that species), several times as long as broad, of species-specific shape, either regularly tapering or abruptly narrowing at ⅔ of its length. Parasolenomere ( +ps +) originating mesal to +slm +, of species-specific shape, more or less shorter than +slm +, sometimes simple, sometimes deeply divided into two branches. + + + + +The following descriptions of individual species of + +Morogorius + +focus on species-specific characteristics. For body parts which are not mentioned, the general description of genus + +Morogorius + +applies. + + + + \ No newline at end of file