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<document id="FC3232EF268C9389C7D0C90D951FB18D" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="EAD57B9-11F3-4EE9-AA29-7AE257CF5C16" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1738882791322" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dias, Fernando Maia Silva, Janzen, Daniel, Hallwachs, Winnie, Chacón, Isidro, Willmott, Keith, Ortiz-Acevedo, Elena, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik &amp; Casagrande, Mirna Martins" docDate="2019" docId="98128793F10CFFCDFC47A563FDFAE6F7" docLanguage="en" docName="zly036.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Zaretis delassisei Choimet 2009" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="167" masterDocId="642BFFEBF12EFFEEFFD9A743FF89E60C" masterDocTitle="DNA barcodes uncover hidden taxonomic diversity behind the variable wing patterns in the Neotropical butterfly genus Zaretis (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae)" masterLastPageNumber="192" masterPageNumber="132" pageNumber="166" updateTime="1738883609495" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="516F532F8343CC666112EED2B8AC6E05">DNA barcodes uncover hidden taxonomic diversity behind the variable wing patterns in the Neotropical butterfly genus Zaretis (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="198300F4B968DF11DBF03B6BCEDD8260">Dias, Fernando Maia Silva</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5D53DA277381FE44E98E497C3F865C0A">Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5FA6E04BE71B4E2D577265CA9907A9F6">Chacón, Isidro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1007B17D4ABDC8DB00E3533C0CD89F18">Ortiz-Acevedo, Elena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F6ACA2136351DA9E5ECB04C3FC5D086">Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="98128793F10CFFCDFC47A563FDFAE6F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14828226" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14828226" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:98128793F10CFFCDFC47A563FDFAE6F7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/98128793F10CFFCDFC47A563FDFAE6F7" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<subSubSection id="58A1650EF10CFFCCFC47A563FAB6E434" box="[926,1343,543,568]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFC47A563FAB6E434" blockId="34.[926,1343,543,568]" box="[926,1343,543,568]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<heading id="4B4C81E9F10CFFCCFC47A563FAB6E434" box="[926,1343,543,568]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFC47A563FAB6E434" authority="CHOIMET, 2009" authorityName="Choimet" authorityYear="2009" box="[926,1343,543,568]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delassisei">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFC47A563FB01E43B" box="[926,1160,544,567]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10CFFCCFC47A563FC76E43B" baselines="561,562" box="[926,1023,544,567]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Zaretis" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">ZARETIS</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10CFFCCFBDFA560FB01E43B" baselines="562" box="[1030,1160,547,567]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="delassisei" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">DELASSISEI</smallCapsWord>
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10CFFCCFB56A55CFAB6E434" author="Choimet X" box="[1167,1343,543,568]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" pagination="126 - 129" refId="ref42029" refString="Choimet X. 2009. Nouveaux Charaxinae neotropicaux (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Lepidopteres (Paris) 18: 126-129." type="journal article" year="2009">
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10CFFCCFB56A55CFB70E43B" baselines="562,562" box="[1167,1273,543,568]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Choimet" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">CHOIMET</smallCapsWord>
, 2009
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A1650EF10CFFCDFCB6A505FDFAE6F7" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" type="description">
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFCB6A505FB37E472" blockId="34.[879,1391,582,638]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
(
<figureCitation id="88802A00F10CFFCCFCAEA505FC74E453" box="[887,1021,582,607]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[163,242,1362,1384]" captionTargetBox="[323,1275,194,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-230@18.[321,1284,192,1323]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Imagoes of species of Zaretis Hübner, [1819], dorsal and ventral. A–D, Z. pythagoras Willmott &amp; Hall, 2004. A, B, male. C, D, female. E, F, Z. delassisei Choimet, 2009, male. Scale bars represent 1 cm." pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10CFFCCFCAEA505FC24E452" baselines="601,601" box="[887,941,582,607]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Figs" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">FIGS</smallCapsWord>
10E, F
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="88802A00F10CFFCCFBD3A505FBAFE453" box="[1034,1062,582,607]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="32.[163,242,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1084]" captionTargetId="figure-381@32.[163,1443,195,1084]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 21. Distribution of Zaretis elianahenrichae Dias sp. nov., Z. crawfordhilli Dias sp. nov., Z. mirandahenrichae Dias sp. nov., Z. ellops (Ménétriés, 1855) and Z. delassisei Choimet, 2009, based on the labels of the examined specimens." pageId="34" pageNumber="166">21</figureCitation>
;
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10CFFCCFBEAA505FB4AE452" baselines="601,601" box="[1075,1219,582,607]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Supporting" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">SUPPORTING</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10CFFCCFB12A505FAE0E452" baselines="601,601" box="[1227,1385,582,607]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Information" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">INFORMATION</smallCapsWord>
,
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10CFFCCFBC6A526FB18E470" baselines="632,631" box="[1055,1169,613,638]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Appendix" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">APPENDIX</smallCapsWord>
S6)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFCE2A5DFFC6DE4BF" blockId="34.[827,1443,667,814]" box="[827,996,667,691]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFCE2A5DFFC6DE4BF" box="[827,996,667,691]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Type material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFCE2A5FFFBD6E521" blockId="34.[827,1443,667,814]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
The
<typeStatus id="CF008827F10CFFCCFCB6A5FFFC5BE4DE" box="[879,978,700,722]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFC2FA5FFFAE6E4DD" authority="Choimet, 2009" authorityName="Choimet" authorityYear="2009" box="[1014,1391,700,722]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delassisei">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFC2FA5FFFB36E4DD" box="[1014,1215,700,721]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Zaretis delassisei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10CFFCCFB1FA5FFFAE6E4DD" author="Choimet X" box="[1222,1391,700,722]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" pagination="126 - 129" refId="ref42029" refString="Choimet X. 2009. Nouveaux Charaxinae neotropicaux (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Lepidopteres (Paris) 18: 126-129." type="journal article" year="2009">Choimet, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was not examined, but it has the following label data:
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10CFFCCFCE2A5BAFC13E503" box="[827,922,761,783]" name="Ecuador" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="D27FF867F10CFFCCFC7CA5BAFB91E503" box="[933,1048,761,783]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
, Pacto,
<quantity id="D7439B60F10CFFCCFBB7A5BAFB4DE503" box="[1134,1220,761,783]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="64051045F10CFFCCFB16A5BAFAA2E502" box="[1231,1323,761,782]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" value="2008-06">VI-2008</date>
, Delassise
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFCE2A45BFCE8E521" box="[827,865,792,813]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">leg.</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10CFFCCFCA9A45BFB9DE521" author="Choimet X" box="[880,1044,792,814]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" pagination="126 - 129" refId="ref42029" refString="Choimet X. 2009. Nouveaux Charaxinae neotropicaux (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Lepidopteres (Paris) 18: 126-129." type="journal article" year="2009">Choimet, 2009</bibRefCitation>
) (XC).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFCE2A406FC39E550" blockId="34.[827,1443,837,1412]" box="[827,944,837,860]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFCE2A406FC39E550" box="[827,944,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFCE2A425FADCE388" blockId="34.[827,1443,837,1412]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFCE2A425FB88E576" authorityName="Choimet" authorityYear="2009" box="[827,1025,869,891]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delassisei">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFCE2A425FB88E576" box="[827,1025,869,891]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Zaretis delassisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is highly distinctive and can be distinguished easily from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFAF4A4C7FAF6E595" authorityName="Dias &amp; Janzen &amp; Hallwachs &amp; Chacón &amp; Willmott &amp; Ortiz-Acevedo &amp; Mielke &amp; Casagrande" authorityYear="2019" box="[1325,1407,900,921]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFAF4A4C7FAF6E595" box="[1325,1407,900,921]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Zaretis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the wing shape and coloration (
<figureCitation id="88802A00F10CFFCCFB7FA4E1FAADE5B4" box="[1190,1316,930,952]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[163,242,1362,1384]" captionTargetBox="[323,1275,194,1322]" captionTargetId="figure-230@18.[321,1284,192,1323]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Imagoes of species of Zaretis Hübner, [1819], dorsal and ventral. A–D, Z. pythagoras Willmott &amp; Hall, 2004. A, B, male. C, D, female. E, F, Z. delassisei Choimet, 2009, male. Scale bars represent 1 cm." pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Fig. 10E, F</figureCitation>
). This species is likely to be sympatric with
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFB1BA481FAA8E5DA" authorityName="Menetries" authorityYear="1855" box="[1218,1313,961,983]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Siderone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellops">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFB1BA481FAA8E5DA" box="[1218,1313,961,983]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Z. ellops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFAF6A481FCE6E5F9" authorityName="Willmott &amp; Hall" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pythagoras">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFAF6A481FCE6E5F9" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Z. pythagoras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFC59A4A3FBCDE5F9" authorityName="Dias &amp; Janzen &amp; Hallwachs &amp; Chacón &amp; Willmott &amp; Ortiz-Acevedo &amp; Mielke &amp; Casagrande" authorityYear="2019" box="[896,1092,992,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crawfordhilli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFC59A4A3FBCDE5F9" box="[896,1092,992,1013]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Z. crawfordhilli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39FC57ECF10CFFCCFB96A4A3FB24E5F9" box="[1103,1197,992,1013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFB65A4A3FA2AE5F9" authorityName="Dias &amp; Janzen &amp; Hallwachs &amp; Chacón &amp; Willmott &amp; Ortiz-Acevedo &amp; Mielke &amp; Casagrande" authorityYear="2019" box="[1212,1443,992,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elianahenrichae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFB65A4A3FA2AE5F9" box="[1212,1443,992,1013]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Z. elianahenrichae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39FC57ECF10CFFCCFCE2A4BCFC18E218" box="[827,913,1023,1044]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFC17A4BCFB4EE21F" authorityName="Dias &amp; Janzen &amp; Hallwachs &amp; Chacón &amp; Willmott &amp; Ortiz-Acevedo &amp; Mielke &amp; Casagrande" authorityYear="2019" box="[974,1223,1022,1044]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirandahenrichae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFC17A4BCFB4EE21F" box="[974,1223,1022,1044]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Z. mirandahenrichae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39FC57ECF10CFFCCFB09A4BCFAA0E218" box="[1232,1321,1023,1044]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, in Trans-Andean South America. Males can be distinguished from all above cited species by the wing shape, with the FW apex slightly falcate and the HW tornal projection at 2A being weakly developed; by the wing coloration, with the FW basal area reddish brown, and most of the post-median, and all submarginal and marginal areas coalesced, dark brown, and the HW basal, median and post-median areas reddish brown, suffused with variable dark brown along the outer margin; by the post-median band being dark brown and continuous; and by the wings having a purplish sheen on the upperside when viewed obliquely; the female is unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFCE2A2DFFC37E3BF" blockId="34.[827,1443,1436,1735]" box="[827,958,1436,1459]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFCE2A2DFFC37E3BF" box="[827,958,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFCE2A2FFFB5EE0CB" blockId="34.[827,1443,1436,1735]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFCE2A2FFFB83E3DD" authorityName="Choimet" authorityYear="2009" box="[827,1034,1468,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delassisei">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFCE2A2FFFB83E3DD" box="[827,1034,1468,1489]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Zaretis delassisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a distinctive species, described based on a single specimen collected in western
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10CFFCCFCE2A2BAFC17E003" box="[827,926,1529,1551]" name="Ecuador" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and deposited in the XC.
<specimenCount id="06BDFD0CF10CFFCCFB05A2BAFA0DE003" box="[1244,1412,1529,1551]" count="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
of this species was illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10CFFCCFB47A15BFADFE021" author="Checa MF" box="[1182,1366,1560,1582]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" refId="ref42008" refString="Checa MF. 2008. Mariposas de Canande, sus amenazas, potencial y futuro. Quito: Trama Ediciones." type="book" year="2008">Checa (2008: 38</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4) before its description, identified as ‘
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFB12A174FACDE040" box="[1227,1348,1591,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFB12A174FA92E040" box="[1227,1307,1591,1612]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Zaretis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
’.
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10CFFCCFA8BA174FC25E066" authorityName="Choimet" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delassisei">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFA8BA174FC25E066" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Zaretis delassisei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be rare and localized. There is little intraspecific variation, as can be deduced from the limited series of specimens available. As far as we know, the female remains unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFCE2A19DFC5BE0FA" blockId="34.[827,1443,1758,1904]" box="[827,978,1758,1782]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10CFFCCFCE2A19DFC5BE0FA" box="[827,978,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10CFFCCFCE2A1BDFAA2E17C" blockId="34.[827,1443,1758,1904]" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">
Restricted to Trans-Andean South America wet rainforest habitats in western
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10CFFCCFB54A05EFB7AE13F" box="[1165,1267,1821,1843]" name="Ecuador" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, from ~
<quantity id="D7439B60F10CFFCCFA8DA05EFC06E15D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="166" unit="m" value="700.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="400.0">400 to 1000 m</quantity>
elevation. It is likely to occur in southwestern
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10CFFCCFCE2A019FC2FE17C" box="[827,934,1882,1904]" name="Colombia" pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Colombia</collectingCountry>
in similar environments (
<figureCitation id="88802A00F10CFFCCFB16A019FA92E17C" box="[1231,1307,1882,1904]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="32.[163,242,1124,1146]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1084]" captionTargetId="figure-381@32.[163,1443,195,1084]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 21. Distribution of Zaretis elianahenrichae Dias sp. nov., Z. crawfordhilli Dias sp. nov., Z. mirandahenrichae Dias sp. nov., Z. ellops (Ménétriés, 1855) and Z. delassisei Choimet, 2009, based on the labels of the examined specimens." pageId="34" pageNumber="166">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10DFFCDFF48A786FEF7E6D1" blockId="35.[145,627,197,251]" box="[145,382,197,221]" pageId="35" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10DFFCDFF48A786FEF7E6D1" box="[145,382,197,221]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="167">Examined material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10DFFCDFF48A7A6FDFAE6F7" blockId="35.[145,627,197,251]" box="[145,627,229,251]" pageId="35" pageNumber="167">See Supporting Information, Appendix S1.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

228
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<subSubSection id="58A1650EF10FFFCFFED9A292FD00E3E6" box="[256,649,1489,1514]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFED9A292FD00E3E6" blockId="33.[256,649,1489,1514]" box="[256,649,1489,1514]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
<heading id="4B4C81E9F10FFFCFFED9A292FD00E3E6" box="[256,649,1489,1514]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10FFFCFFED9A292FD00E3E6" ID-CoL="5CX96" authority="(HEWITSON, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[256,649,1489,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syene">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFED9A292FE38E3E4" box="[256,433,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10FFFCFFED9A292FEE8E3E4" baselines="1506,1507" box="[256,353,1489,1512]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Zaretis" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">ZARETIS</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10FFFCFFEB1A297FE38E3E4" baselines="1507" box="[360,433,1492,1512]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="syene" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">SYENE</smallCapsWord>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10FFFCFFE18A292FD08E3E6" author="Hewitson WC" box="[449,641,1489,1514]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref43514" refString="Hewitson WC. 1856. Illustrations of new species of exotic butterflies, selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson, Vol. 2. London: John Van Voorst. (17): [3 - 4], [17 - 18], pls. [2], [9], (18): [47 - 50], [107 - 110], pls. [24 - 25], [54 - 55], (19): [51 - 52], [111 - 112], pls. [26], [56], (20): [53-56], [91 - 94] + i - v + [121 - 124], pls. [27 - 28], [46 - 47]." type="journal article" year="1856">
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10FFFCFFE18A292FDB2E3E4" baselines="1508,1507" box="[449,571,1489,1514]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Hewitson" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">HEWITSON</smallCapsWord>
, 1856
</bibRefCitation>
)
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="58A1650EF10FFFCFFF69A2B4FC24E55C" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" type="description">
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFF69A2B4FD9DE023" blockId="33.[176,729,1527,1583]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
(
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<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10FFFCFFF60A2B4FF67E003" baselines="1546,1546" box="[185,238,1527,1552]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Figs" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">FIGS</smallCapsWord>
9E, F
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="88802A00F10FFFCFFEE7A2B4FEE1E01C" box="[318,360,1527,1552]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1703,1725]" captionTargetBox="[146,1424,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-27@23.[145,1425,195,1663]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 15. Male genitalia of species of Zaretis Hübner, [1819], lateral. A, Z. itys (Cramer, [1777]). B, Z. isidora (Cramer, [1779]). C, Z. strigosus (Gmelin, [1790]). D, Z. itylus (Westwood, 1850). E, Z. ellops (Ménétriés, 1855). F, Z. syene (Hewitson, 1856). G, Z. pythagoras Willmott &amp; Hall, 2004. H, Z. falcis Dias, Casagrande &amp; Mielke, 2012. I, Z. hurin Dias sp. nov. J, Z. crawfordhilli Dias sp. nov. K, Z. mirandahenrichae Dias sp. nov. L, Z. elianahenrichae Dias sp. nov." pageId="33" pageNumber="165">15F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="88802A00F10FFFCFFEACA2B4FE18E01C" box="[373,401,1527,1552]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[163,242,1332,1354]" captionTargetBox="[227,1379,195,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-254@30.[227,1379,195,1292]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution of Zaretis itys (Cramer, [1777]). Z. itylus (Westwood, 1850). Z. syene (Hewitson, 1856), Z. pythagoras Willmott &amp; Hall, 2004, and Z. falcis Dias, Casagrande &amp; Mielke, 2012, based on the labels of the examined specimens." pageId="33" pageNumber="165">19</figureCitation>
;
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<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10FFFCFFDECA2B4FD5AE003" baselines="1546,1546" box="[565,723,1527,1552]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Information" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">INFORMATION</smallCapsWord>
,
<smallCapsWord id="16E2A059F10FFFCFFEACA155FE6EE022" baselines="1577,1577" box="[373,487,1558,1583]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Appendix" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">APPENDIX</smallCapsWord>
S6)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFF48A10EFEB2E069" blockId="33.[145,761,1613,1790]" box="[145,315,1613,1637]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFF48A10EFEB2E069" box="[145,315,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Type material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFF48A12EFEE7E0F1" blockId="33.[145,761,1613,1790]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
Male
<typeStatus id="CF008827F10FFFCFFF0BA12EFEBDE08F" box="[210,308,1645,1667]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
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<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFE81A12EFD8BE08F" box="[344,514,1645,1667]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Siderone syene</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10FFFCFFDD3A12EFD35E08F" author="Hewitson WC" box="[522,700,1645,1667]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref43514" refString="Hewitson WC. 1856. Illustrations of new species of exotic butterflies, selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson, Vol. 2. London: John Van Voorst. (17): [3 - 4], [17 - 18], pls. [2], [9], (18): [47 - 50], [107 - 110], pls. [24 - 25], [54 - 55], (19): [51 - 52], [111 - 112], pls. [26], [56], (20): [53-56], [91 - 94] + i - v + [121 - 124], pls. [27 - 28], [46 - 47]." type="journal article" year="1856">Hewitson, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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with the following labels: / Type/ SYN-TYPE/ B.M. TYPE No. Rh 10380
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<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFE9BA1E9FE7EE0CC" box="[322,503,1706,1728]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Siderone syene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[#f] #m Hew[itson]./ N.
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10FFFCFFF6DA18AFEA8E0D3" box="[180,289,1737,1759]" name="Grenada" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Granada</collectingCountry>
. Hewitson Coll. 79-69
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10FFFCFFDE0A18AFD70E0D3" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1856" box="[569,761,1737,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Siderone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syrene">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFDE0A18AFD70E0D3" box="[569,761,1737,1759]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Siderone syrene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[sic], 2./ (NHMUK).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFF48A056FE83E120" blockId="33.[145,761,1813,1898]" box="[145,266,1813,1836]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFF48A056FE83E120" box="[145,266,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFF48A075FACBE52D" blockId="33.[145,761,1813,1898]" lastBlockId="33.[809,1426,197,802]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10FFFCFFF48A075FEA3E147" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[145,298,1846,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syene">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFF48A075FEA3E147" box="[145,298,1846,1867]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Zaretis syene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is highly distinctive and can be distinguished easily from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10FFFCFFD81A017FD20E165" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[600,681,1876,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Zaretis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFD81A017FD20E165" box="[600,681,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Zaretis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the wing shape, coloration and male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="88802A00F10FFFCFFAC1A786FA03E6D7" box="[1304,1418,197,219]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="17.[145,224,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[305,1264,197,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-230@17.[303,1266,195,1416]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 9. Imagoes of species of Zaretis Hübner, [1819], dorsal and ventral. A–D, Z. ellops (Ménétriés, 1855). A, B, male. C, D, female. E, F, Z. syene (Hewitson, 1856), male. Scale bars represent 1 cm." pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Figs 9E, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="88802A00F10FFFCFFCF0A7A7FCDFE6F6" box="[809,854,228,250]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="23.[145,225,1703,1725]" captionTargetBox="[146,1424,196,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-27@23.[145,1425,195,1663]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 15. Male genitalia of species of Zaretis Hübner, [1819], lateral. A, Z. itys (Cramer, [1777]). B, Z. isidora (Cramer, [1779]). C, Z. strigosus (Gmelin, [1790]). D, Z. itylus (Westwood, 1850). E, Z. ellops (Ménétriés, 1855). F, Z. syene (Hewitson, 1856). G, Z. pythagoras Willmott &amp; Hall, 2004. H, Z. falcis Dias, Casagrande &amp; Mielke, 2012. I, Z. hurin Dias sp. nov. J, Z. crawfordhilli Dias sp. nov. K, Z. mirandahenrichae Dias sp. nov. L, Z. elianahenrichae Dias sp. nov." pageId="33" pageNumber="165">15F</figureCitation>
). This species is probably elevationally allopatric with respect to other species of the genus. It can be distinguished from all species of the genus by the FW apex being strongly falcate, wide and rounded; by the FW outer margin being strongly crenulated at M 3, CuA 1 and CuA 2; by the HW apex emarginated at Sc–R–Rs, and HW outer margin slightly projected at Rs; and by the HW tornal projection at 2A being strongly developed. The wing pattern is typical of the genus, but the upperside of the wings has an orange ground colour, including the submarginal and marginal areas, and well-developed dark brown markings; the pattern is obscured by a variable dark brown suffusion along the outer margin, particularly on the HWD; wing underside homogeneously brown in all areas, bands and umbra dark brown; male genitalia relatively larger when compared with other species; projection between the costa and the harpe weak, similar to species of
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10FFFCFFC06A44FFBCAE52D" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[991,1091,780,801]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Siderone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFC06A44FFBCAE52D" box="[991,1091,780,801]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Siderone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10FFFCFFBA5A44FFB50E52D" authorityName="Dias &amp; Janzen &amp; Hallwachs &amp; Chacón &amp; Willmott &amp; Ortiz-Acevedo &amp; Mielke &amp; Casagrande" authorityYear="2019" box="[1148,1241,780,801]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Phantos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFBA5A44FFB50E52D" box="[1148,1241,780,801]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Phantos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39FC57ECF10FFFCFFB39A44FFACBE52D" box="[1248,1346,780,801]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFCF0A47AFC24E55C" blockId="33.[809,1425,825,1339]" box="[809,941,825,848]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFCF0A47AFC24E55C" box="[809,941,825,848]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A1650EF10FFFCFFCF0A41AFC29E337" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFCF0A41AFC29E337" blockId="33.[809,1425,825,1339]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10FFFCFFCF0A41AFB16E563" ID-CoL="957HR" authority="Hewitson, 1856" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1856" box="[809,1183,857,879]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Siderone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syene">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFCF0A41AFC52E563" box="[809,987,857,879]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Siderone syene</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10FFFCFFC3DA41AFB16E563" author="Hewitson WC" box="[996,1183,857,879]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref43514" refString="Hewitson WC. 1856. Illustrations of new species of exotic butterflies, selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson, Vol. 2. London: John Van Voorst. (17): [3 - 4], [17 - 18], pls. [2], [9], (18): [47 - 50], [107 - 110], pls. [24 - 25], [54 - 55], (19): [51 - 52], [111 - 112], pls. [26], [56], (20): [53-56], [91 - 94] + i - v + [121 - 124], pls. [27 - 28], [46 - 47]." type="journal article" year="1856">Hewitson, 1856</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is a distinctive and rare species, described based on an unstated number of specimens from
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10FFFCFFBCDA4D4FB52E5A0" box="[1044,1243,918,940]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Nueva Granada</collectingCountry>
, i.e.
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10FFFCFFACEA4D5FA04E5A0" box="[1303,1421,918,940]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Colombia</collectingCountry>
. However, the wording of the description clearly implies that the description of
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10FFFCFFB75A497FCECE204" ID-CoL="957HR" authority="Hewitson, 1856" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Siderone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syene">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFB75A497FA85E5E5" box="[1196,1292,980,1001]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">S. syene</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10FFFCFFACFA497FCECE204" author="Hewitson WC" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref43514" refString="Hewitson WC. 1856. Illustrations of new species of exotic butterflies, selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson, Vol. 2. London: John Van Voorst. (17): [3 - 4], [17 - 18], pls. [2], [9], (18): [47 - 50], [107 - 110], pls. [24 - 25], [54 - 55], (19): [51 - 52], [111 - 112], pls. [26], [56], (20): [53-56], [91 - 94] + i - v + [121 - 124], pls. [27 - 28], [46 - 47]." type="journal article" year="1856">Hewitson, 1856</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was based on single specimen, thought to be a female by
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10FFFCFFC37A352FB34E22B" author="Hewitson WC" box="[1006,1213,1041,1063]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref43514" refString="Hewitson WC. 1856. Illustrations of new species of exotic butterflies, selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson, Vol. 2. London: John Van Voorst. (17): [3 - 4], [17 - 18], pls. [2], [9], (18): [47 - 50], [107 - 110], pls. [24 - 25], [54 - 55], (19): [51 - 52], [111 - 112], pls. [26], [56], (20): [53-56], [91 - 94] + i - v + [121 - 124], pls. [27 - 28], [46 - 47]." type="journal article" year="1856">Hewitson (1856)</bibRefCitation>
. The true sex of Hewitson’s specimen was revealed only many years later by
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10FFFCFFC53A30DFBBAE268" author="Gabriel AG" box="[906,1075,1102,1124]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" refId="ref43101" refString="Gabriel AG. 1927. Catalogue of the type specimens of Lepidoptera Rhopalocera in the British Museum. Part III. Nymphalidae. London: Trustees of the British Museum." type="book" year="1927">Gabriel (1927)</bibRefCitation>
; as far as we know, females of this species are still unknown. The
<typeStatus id="CF008827F10FFFCFFB14A32EFAB8E28F" box="[1229,1329,1133,1155]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10FFFCFFC43A3CFFB0BE2AE" author="Warren AD &amp; Davis KJ &amp; Stangeland EM &amp; Pelham JP &amp; Willmott KR &amp; Grishin NV" box="[922,1154,1164,1186]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" refId="ref46132" refString="Warren AD, Davis KJ, Stangeland EM, Pelham JP, Willmott KR, Grishin NV. 2016. Illustrated lists of American butterflies. [15 - IX- 2016]. Available at: http://www.butterfliesofamerica.com/" type="url" year="2016">
Warren
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFC21A3CFFBB8E2AD" box="[1016,1073,1164,1185]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
and is deposited in the NHMUK type collection.
<bibRefCitation id="742A4B74F10FFFCFFBB8A3E9FA9CE2CC" author="Salazar JA" box="[1121,1301,1194,1216]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" pagination="11 - 69" refId="ref45411" refString="Salazar JA. 1995. Lista preliminar de las mariposas diurnas Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera que habitan en el departamento del Putumayo. Notas sobre la distribucion en la zona andina. Colombia Amazonica 8: 11-69." type="journal article" year="1995">Salazar (1995)</bibRefCitation>
indicated the presence of this species on all three Colombian cordilleras, regarding the occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="D7BB4D06F10FFFCFFAF5A3ABFA18E2F1" ID-CoL="957HR" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1856" box="[1324,1425,1256,1277]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Siderone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syene">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFAF5A3ABFA18E2F1" box="[1324,1425,1256,1277]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Z. syene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as an indicator of well-preserved humid forests in
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10FFFCFFCF0A266FC15E337" box="[809,924,1317,1339]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A1650EF10FFFCFFCF0A211FA82E05C" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFCF0A211FC49E366" blockId="33.[809,1424,1362,1539]" box="[809,960,1362,1386]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFCF0A211FC49E366" box="[809,960,1362,1386]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFCF0A231FB8EE00F" blockId="33.[809,1424,1362,1539]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
Restricted to premontane cloud forests from
<quantity id="D7439B60F10FFFCFFA8EA230FC2BE3AB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="165" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000 to 2500 m</quantity>
in
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10FFFCFFC14A2D2FBACE3AB" box="[973,1061,1425,1447]" name="Bolivia" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10FFFCFFBEAA2D2FB2FE3AB" box="[1075,1190,1425,1447]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10FFFCFFB6DA2D2FA91E3AB" box="[1204,1304,1425,1447]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10FFFCFFA81A2D1FA06E3AB" box="[1368,1423,1426,1447]" name="Peru" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Peru</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="88802A00F10FFFCFFCE8A2F3FCF7E3C9" box="[817,894,1456,1478]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="30.[163,242,1332,1354]" captionTargetBox="[227,1379,195,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-254@30.[227,1379,195,1292]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution of Zaretis itys (Cramer, [1777]). Z. itylus (Westwood, 1850). Z. syene (Hewitson, 1856), Z. pythagoras Willmott &amp; Hall, 2004, and Z. falcis Dias, Casagrande &amp; Mielke, 2012, based on the labels of the examined specimens." pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
). The records for
<collectingCountry id="68AC7615F10FFFCFFB9EA2F3FB04E3CA" box="[1095,1165,1456,1478]" name="Brazil" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Brazil</collectingCountry>
provided by Comstock (1961) and label data of specimens at the USNM are certainly mistaken.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFCF0A159FB9FE03E" blockId="33.[809,1291,1562,1616]" box="[809,1046,1562,1586]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="22CFEA97F10FFFCFFCF0A159FB9FE03E" box="[809,1046,1562,1586]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">Examined material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10043685F10FFFCFFCF0A178FA82E05C" blockId="33.[809,1291,1562,1616]" box="[809,1291,1594,1616]" pageId="33" pageNumber="165">See Supporting Information, Appendix S1.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>