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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.23248" ID-PMC="PMC5799780" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-94-65" ID-Pensoft-UUID="14368A46FFCB7B42EA54FFC6D974FFCF" ID-PubMed="29416422" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1166373" ModsDocID="1314-2003-94-65" checkinTime="1517263984060" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chen, Wen-Hong, Radbouchoom, Sirilak, Nguyen, Hieu Quang, Nguyen, Hiep Tien, Nguyen 4, Khang Sinh &amp; Shui, Yu-Min" docDate="2018" docId="C78C101DBA04516EACF7C8DBAD8C73FA" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 94: 65-85" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 94" docPubDate="2018-01-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.23248" docTitle="Begonia mollissima Y. M. Shui, H. Q. Nguyen &amp; W. H. Chen 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="14368A46FFCB7B42EA54FFC6D974FFCF" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="14368A46FFCB7B42EA54FFC6D974FFCF" masterDocTitle="Seven new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) in Northern Vietnam and Southern China" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="65" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1668142228494" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Seven new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) in Northern Vietnam and Southern China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chen, Wen-Hong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China &amp; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Radbouchoom, Sirilak</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nguyen, Hieu Quang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Center for Plant Conservation of Vietnam (CPC), Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations, 25 / 32 Lane 191, Lac Long Quan Rd., Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nguyen, Hiep Tien</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Center for Plant Conservation of Vietnam (CPC), Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations, 25 / 32 Lane 191, Lac Long Quan Rd., Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nguyen 4, Khang Sinh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Shui, Yu-Min</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China &amp; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ymshui@mail.kib.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-01-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>94</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>65</mods:start>
<mods:end>85</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.23248</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225427" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C78C101DBA04516EACF7C8DBAD8C73FA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C78C101DBA04516EACF7C8DBAD8C73FA" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName LSID="C78C101D-BA04-516E-ACF7-C8DBAD8C73FA" authority="Y. M. Shui, H. Q. Nguyen &amp; W. H. Chen" authorityName="Y. M. Shui, H. Q. Nguyen &amp; W. H. Chen" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia mollissima" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollissima" status="sp. nov.">Begonia mollissima Y.M.Shui, H.Q.Nguyen &amp; W.H.Chen</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="8" pageNumber="73">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Begonia mollissima Y. M. Shui, H. Q. Nguyen &amp; W. H. Chen A Habitat B Plant C View of adaxial leaf D Close-up of adaxial leaf E View of abaxial leaf F Close-up of abaxial leaf G Young leaf adaxially H Young leaf adaxially I Petiole J Stipule, adaxial view and abaxial view K Inflorescence L Staminate flower, face view, side view and dorsal view M Pistillate flower, face view, side view and dorsal view N Fruit, side view O Close-up of ovary cross section P Serial cross sections of ovary. (All photographs by Y. M. Shui)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.94.23248.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/182239" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="74" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicName authority="Chen &amp; Radbouchoom &amp; Nguyen &amp; Nguyen &amp; Nguyen 4 &amp; Shui, 2018" authorityName="Chen &amp; Radbouchoom &amp; Nguyen &amp; Nguyen &amp; Nguyen 4 &amp; Shui" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia subsp. sect." order="Cucurbitales" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Coelocentrum" status="sp. nov.">
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="74" start="start">Begonia</pageBreakToken>
sect. Coelocentrum
</taxonomicName>
Irmsch.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="74" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="74">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="74">
The new species is similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. Y. Wu" authorityYear="1997" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia guangxiensis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangxiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">Begonia guangxiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
T.C. Ku in the dense white villous hairs on the whole plants, differs from the latter in the shorter hairs of plants (2.1-2.4 mm vs. 3.4-4.0 mm), its one obtuse leaf lobe (vs. 3-4 acute leaf lobes in B.
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. Y. Wu" authorityYear="1997" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia guangxiensis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangxiensis">Begonia guangxiensis</taxonomicName>
), subequal three wings of the fruit (vs. unequal three wings), narrowly semi-lunar major wings (vs. broadly square major wings).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="74">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="74">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-04-18" collectorName="Y. M. Shui, W. H. Chen, C. Liu, H. Q. Nguyen, H. T. Nguyen, N. Q. Chuong" country="VIETNAM" elevation="235" latitude="22.415556" location="Ba Be National Park" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="105.630005" municipality="Cho Ra county" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bac Kan Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Vietnam" name="Bac Kan">Bac Kan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Cho Ra county</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C78C101DBA04516EACF7C8DBAD8C73FA:1C4A9951AF85930DCEF555DBC6B38A6D" country="VIETNAM" latitude="22.415556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="105.630005" municipality="Cho Ra county" name="Ba Be National Park" stateProvince="Bac Kan Province">Ba Be National Park</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="56" value="22.415556">22°24'56&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="105.630005">105°37'48&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" unit="m" value="235.0">
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" unit="m" value="235.0">235 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate value="2016-04-18">18 April 2016</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">
<collectorName>Y.M. Shui</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>W.H. Chen</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>C. Liu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>H.Q. Nguyen</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>H.T. Nguyen</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>N.Q. Chuong</collectorName>
CK1183
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
, KUN!; isotype, CPC!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="herb, rhizomatous">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="75" start="start">Herb</pageBreakToken>
, rhizomatous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
Rhizome, densely white villous, 2-3 cm long, 0.7-1 cm in diam. Stipule green, 1.5-2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-1.5 cm, widely ovate, apex acute to obtuse, margin ciliate. Leaves: petiole erect, densely white villous, 6-13 cm long, 1-3 mm in diam.; blade green, asymmetric, widely ovate, 8.5-18
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7-12 cm, rugose, usually with one obtuse lobe; base cordate, apex acuminate or acute, margin slightly denticulate, ciliate; adaxially green, densely tubercular-based setose, abaxially pale green, reddish when young, densely villous on veins; venation palmate, 5-6 primary veins, 2 or 3 secondary veins brunching dichotomous, tertiary veins reticulate. Inflorescence: dichasial cyme, peduncle 12-15 cm long, villous; bracts not seen. Staminate flower: pedicels 0.5-1 cm long; tepals 4; outer tepals 2, broadly ovate, 7-11
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-8 mm, apex rounded to acute, margin entire sometimes serrate and ciliate; inner tepals 2, oblanceolate, 5-7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.8-2 mm, apex obtuse to acute, margin entire; androecium actinomorphic, stamens numerous; filaments longer than anthers, slightly fused at base; anthers yellow, 1-1.2 mm long, shorter than filaments, with two longitudinal slits. Pistillate flower: pedicel 1.2-2 cm long; tepals 2, white or pinkish, widely obovate to orbicular, 0.5-1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-1 cm, apex acute, margin entire; styles 2-3, free; stigmas bilobed with twisted bands; ovary green or pinkish, trigonous ellipsoid, 1-1.5 cm long, 0.5-1 cm in diam. (wings excluded), white or red villous, 1-loculed; placentation parietal, placentae 3, 2-branched. Capsule pale green to pink, trigonous-ellipsoid, 1-1.5 cm long, 0.5-1 cm in diam. (wings excluded), villous, brownish when dried, 3-winged unequally; abaxial wing lunate, 0.9-1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.3-0.7 mm; lateral wings lunate, 0.9-1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.2-0.5 cm. Seeds oblong, ca. 0.2 mm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Flowering in March-May, fruiting in April-June.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">The epithet refers to the dense villous trichomes of the new species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">The species only grows on cliffs in limestone forests.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">The species occurs exclusively in Ba Be National Park (Cho Ra county) of Bac Kan Province in Vietnam.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
In
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia subsp. sect." order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Coelocentrum">Begonia sect. Coelocentrum</taxonomicName>
, the new species is similar as
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. Y. Wu" authorityYear="1997" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia guangxiensis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangxiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Begonia guangxiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the dense hairy habit, mainly differing in the dense tubercular-based pubes on the abaxial surface of leaves (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
villous trichomes in the latter species) and subequal wings (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
unequal) (
<bibRefCitation author="Wu, CY" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica" pageId="13" pageNumber="78" pagination="43 - 56" refId="B27" refString="Wu, CY, Ku, TC, 1997. New taxa of the Begonia L. (Begoniaceae) from China (Cont.). Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 35 (1): 43 - 56" title="New taxa of the Begonia L. (Begoniaceae) from China (Cont.)." volume="35" year="1997">Wu and Ku 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Shui, Y-M" journalOrPublisher="Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming" pageId="13" pageNumber="78" refId="B21" refString="Shui, Y-M, Chen, W-H, 2017. Begonia of China. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming" title="Begonia of China." year="2017">Shui and Chen 2017</bibRefCitation>
). It is also similar as
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. calciphila" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="calciphila">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">B. calciphila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.-I Peng in the shape and trichomes of leaves, but differs in 0.5-1.2 cm long stout inter-nodes (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
1.5-4.5 cm long slender inter-nodes) and hairy flowers and fruits (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">vs.</emphasis>
glabrous in the latter species) (
<bibRefCitation author="Peng, CI" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="13" pageNumber="78" pagination="083 - 099" refId="B19" refString="Peng, CI, Yang, HA, Kono, Y, Jung, MJ, Nguyen, TH, 2015b. Four new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Vietnam: B. abbreviata, B. calciphila, B. sphenantheroides and B. tamdaoensis. Phytotaxa 222 (2): 083 - 099" title="Four new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Vietnam: B. abbreviata, B. calciphila, B. sphenantheroides and B. tamdaoensis." volume="222" year="2015 b">Peng et al. 2015b</bibRefCitation>
). In Bac Kan Province, Vietnam, there are four new species already described, viz.
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. regosula" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="regosula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">B. regosula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Aver.,
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. babeana" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="babeana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">B. babeana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Aver. &amp; H.Q. Nguyen (
<bibRefCitation author="Averyanov, LV" journalOrPublisher="Turczaninowia" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" pagination="5 - 32" refId="B2" refString="Averyanov, LV, Nguyen, HQ, 2012. Eleven new species of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae) from Laos and Vietnam. Turczaninowia 15 (2): 5 - 32" title="Eleven new species of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae) from Laos and Vietnam." volume="15" year="2012">Averyanov and Nguyen 2012</bibRefCitation>
) and two more new species described in this paper.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1166744" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.94.23248.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/182239" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. M. Shui, H. Q. Nguyen &amp; W. H. Chen" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia mollissima" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollissima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Begonia mollissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Y.M. Shui, H.Q. Nguyen &amp; W.H. Chen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
Habitat
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
Plant
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">C</emphasis>
View of adaxial leaf
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
Close-up of adaxial leaf
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">E</emphasis>
View of abaxial leaf
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">F</emphasis>
Close-up of abaxial leaf
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">G</emphasis>
Young leaf adaxially
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">H</emphasis>
Young leaf adaxially
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">I</emphasis>
Petiole
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">J</emphasis>
Stipule, adaxial view and abaxial view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">K</emphasis>
Inflorescence
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">L</emphasis>
Staminate flower, face view, side view and dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">M</emphasis>
Pistillate flower, face view, side view and dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">N</emphasis>
Fruit, side view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">O</emphasis>
Close-up of ovary cross section
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">P</emphasis>
Serial cross sections of ovary. (All photographs by Y.M. Shui).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:850D18DF-7C85-43A3-B819-ED33B9A229EA" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucophthalmus" status="spec. nov." zbkClass="Insecta" zbkKingdom="Animalia" zbkOrder="Coleoptera">Carabus leucophthalmus</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicNameLabel rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
]
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<subSubSection type="description">
<paragraph pageNumber="413">C. apterus, elytris laevibus: striis obsoletis octonis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="413">
<emphasis italics="true">Fn. svec.</emphasis>
515. Carabus ater, elytro singulo striis octo.
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<paragraph pageNumber="413">
<emphasis italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
Europa.
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<subSubSection type="description">
<paragraph pageNumber="413">
<emphasis italics="true">Thorax, ratione magnitudinis insecti, minor quam in reliquis</emphasis>
.
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<footnote>
<paragraph pageNumber="413">
Carabi
<emphasis italics="true">Larvae saepe intra Ligna putrida, muscos, terram</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis italics="true">c. degunt; Volatilia vero</emphasis>
insectorum imprimis Larvarum Leones sunt, cursu festinantes.
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<paragraph id="0C116356E0E1FE81ECB34160361B012E" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Original source.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="55F13028A05D701EBBE5CFB9986A61A3" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<bibRefCitation id="31712010D78445E5DE53212C6246D46D" author="Pallary, P" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord" pageId="324" pageNumber="325" pagination="104 - 119" publicationUrl="http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/spa/Libro.php?Libro=1844" refId="B381" refString="Pallary, P, 1920b. Deuxieme note sur la nomenclature des Melanopsis fossiles. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 11 (7): 104 - 119, http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/spa/Libro.php?Libro=1844" title="Deuxieme note sur la nomenclature des Melanopsis fossiles." url="http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/spa/Libro.php?Libro=1844" volume="11" year="1920 b">Pallary 1920b</bibRefCitation>
: 112.
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<paragraph id="95802BBB7C382AE24A718C1A34BFE663" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Type horizon.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A994EB05AAAED71940BC9F8704DA5EF6" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Transdanubian, Pannonian, late Miocene.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DBEE951AA86AC55747A6D60500ABE7F3" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4709EFB2C7BF81CB1DEEECED748A034A" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<normalizedToken id="ED354317E9D2A109CDF95C923F21ACC3" originalValue="“Radmanest”">&quot;Radmanest&quot;</normalizedToken>
(
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: captions of pl. 29) [Rădmănești], Romania.
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<paragraph id="CB8E6C1AD12B1B850FB2E9599E3CCE83" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E8A39274E68AB42D2B9DE365399F9A4" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
Replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="11206421CF79DE4C61AD01C3994385F8" authorityName="Halavats" authorityYear="1903" class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis boettgeri" order="Pteropoda" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="boettgeri">
<emphasis id="B9CE8183D2073CFB22ECDBFE8BB5C94C" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Melanopsis boettgeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Brusina, 1902, non Klika, 1891.
<bibRefCitation id="93F890F7F966AB6840BA7868B9624730" author="Jekelius, E" journalOrPublisher="Memoriile Institutului geologic al Romaniei" pageId="315" pageNumber="316" pagination="1 - 167" refId="B246" refString="Jekelius, E, 1944. Sarmat und Pont von Soceni (Banat). Memoriile Institutului geologic al Romaniei 5: 1 - 167" title="Sarmat und Pont von Soceni (Banat)." volume="5" year="1944">Jekelius (1944</bibRefCitation>
: 74) considered this species as a junior synonym of
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Fuchs, 1873.
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<mods:affiliation id="D70E4A3B09BD9C2DFD776F81F2384057">Department of Entomology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany &amp; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AAAC193D6722D0E14A4660DEF6C71E20" type="personal">
<mods:role id="373FCE8BD6721FA04C748F029706386D">
<mods:roleTerm id="CD88D833FBF3FAA0FD4739F379C1E834">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="876E4D8CC876915B2694A943228BB48F">Azar, Dany</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4EE79675F768BE1742E397B95AC74C92">State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China &amp; Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Natural Sciences, Fanar, Matn, Lebanon</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A337C30A752591D30E4AA849E67F63F2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B8F9690EF9013D9380F6A99CCE2BEE9F">
<mods:roleTerm id="F4A79E5753C3443843C113AFCFC2E794">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4A7B71E6908D544FAE4D593EBAA74777">Krogmann, Lars</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C1DB17900B6CE59C057F5D0E93560FE2" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3724-1735</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="35BCD4550E01BA38004F994C5CE65853">Department of Entomology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany &amp; Institute of Biology, Biological Systematics (190 w), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo id="96EDD0FD739DEF61133D25615F6466D2">
<mods:title id="98AF82C96E4A8A64A3A9B825C0FB050D">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2787F33130057AA50CFF3EF25A016142">
<mods:date id="B622936C1C717C0D2965AC082F1F438D">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D9558B152F9DEA8BC750457E807792AB" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="D8FF44C662E1AC53F0C9DCAFA378730C">2023-10-23</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B4DCBFD3E85F4681E5AC515411AC1881" type="volume">
<mods:number id="DF38F3CD6A2CDE97FF6F94FE6F29820F">96</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:url id="5B2BE4A97C2CDA5CC00EED72CA4B60C0">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.105494</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="86E1BA0044F3F2915346EDFD530E7930">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4367D78EE312FDD3ED9511D0BAAFAE26" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.105494</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C78CA80E9D5E54FAB282785A72ECF043" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F7E6DB52-8F17-4151-994D-706B2AEB3808" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C78CA80E9D5E54FAB282785A72ECF043" lastPageNumber="879" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<subSubSection id="7DCB9E2328EE6A071CC9CA817255F16C" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="82D6FD6AA428451CFBCD2681474B9C86" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<taxonomicName id="5AF68A328A40893AAFAC0B313CAB6EC9" LSID="https://zoobank.org/F7E6DB52-8F17-4151-994D-706B2AEB3808" authority="Ulmer &amp; Krogmann" authorityName="Ulmer &amp; Krogmann" authorityYear="2023" family="Protoitidae" genus="Protoita" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protoita petersi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" rank="species" species="petersi" status="sp. nov.">Protoita petersi Ulmer &amp; Krogmann</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="10D0F2D4D0BAEE3A4056E38EFD9235E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DF040A3A465B5ECD73FCA3209404874B" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" type="description">
<paragraph id="CF511A7D9834C0F48A1A85B804480C7A" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<figureCitation id="F3ABDABD11E8E59695C81269638C6E84" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D7BADE888A54B507BAB5484B1451D16C" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="14612255C9687789AE867D9178DFB8A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="60B4ACD544C21523265B5882E36E53E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
The female of
<taxonomicName id="803BAA6E445E1896D25D237A89D361D8" lsidName="P. petersi" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="06701994AF402BF8F79F03BBFA34CCCB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">P. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from others of the genus by the following combination of characters: Head not as transverse as in other species, only about 1.6
<normalizedToken id="3AFD22B6BA73D3BC2D48CACAA6BD1B45" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as long in dorsal view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EBFC9467FC2F780A77E83D9CEA434C06" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7A</figureCitation>
). Clava 2 segmented; terminal clavomere 0.5
<normalizedToken id="058902F0455DF9A1BF71AB83D904866A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as preceding clavomere (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E128184DEC4FB4F5C41B793B899EBF17" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7B</figureCitation>
). Postmarginal vein of fore wing equal in length to stigmal vein, both short; and basal vein very short and wide (Fig.
<figureCitation id="22623C68DC667D581BC2FC0507582540" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7E</figureCitation>
). Hind wing marginal setae not longer than width of hind wing.
</paragraph>
<caption id="F278A3F868AEDC29A99E5CE91478385C" doi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="912C5A32C987248190D7C1A2E9ACEA39" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<emphasis id="05B3F9D8BC811B19C9B2147D12382F11" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E342B735B9C9CB411D8EFF1F27210BDC" authorityName="Ulmer &amp; Krogmann" authorityYear="2023" family="Protoitidae" genus="Protoita" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protoita petersi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="DD3D36C41E889F536C094481334B2775" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Protoita petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype
<emphasis id="B29EDCA901E9233B5F0C51B4C60EE5AA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">A</emphasis>
dorsal habitus
<emphasis id="F611AD6C35C7FA491E291FD03281D214" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">B</emphasis>
apical flagellomeres, lateral
<emphasis id="D5BBDC6597710C547BD5CC8CB0F98EAF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">C</emphasis>
head, ventral
<emphasis id="C7B34E0A95C1BB8476C47C69158E4622" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">D</emphasis>
fore leg
<emphasis id="159B479D37D2AC4F34EAA10DDD253BAA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">E</emphasis>
fore wing venation
<emphasis id="23661C03A02534A0E7E3ADBCBD518B93" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">F</emphasis>
ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500
<normalizedToken id="DB4A70D6E8F838AD1215F6DA375ECFC5" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="66EC96389B48B83803FB9BB09EB332E5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">A</emphasis>
); 150
<normalizedToken id="F5783B09B5B0C10C1255421A4FF97493" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="83D28180B463B447C9E93EA06A090D53" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">E</emphasis>
); 100
<normalizedToken id="0CF40E4B63026B592C5CF15EB2DB91C6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="424ED1BF5F76C8675A8F6FEA393588BA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">B-D</emphasis>
).
<emphasis id="82D4188E4634DF6D6B2CA5308EE5A5D3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">ax</emphasis>
= axilla;
<emphasis id="E3B525FAA9C7B6C037EE9D6230A47DD0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">btn</emphasis>
= basitarsal notch;
<emphasis id="8936EE0818E1672D81D36D762083ED12" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">cly</emphasis>
= clypeus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<subSubSection id="5BB70E696EEA3E683C325C56FCA2332B" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" type="description">
<paragraph id="1AD999EC2E2F2CA80D6BABC1BC3D50E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7D321ADCC624611ED94A21E5B17ACEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<emphasis id="C4554E0A75D15BE8FD24E7958552107D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Female.</emphasis>
Body length 913. Body dark brown legs, except coxae, and part of mesepimeron. Head, especially frons, vertex and back of head, base of fu1 light brown to dark yellow. Wings hyaline, uniformly pilose.
<emphasis id="C6AABBCD21227DB524E98ED2BF225CF0" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Head</emphasis>
ovular, only 1.6
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as wide as long, wider than widest point of meso- or metasoma in dorsal view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BD2D0860D24838E8D654D5169958AE07" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7A</figureCitation>
). Frons 1.5
<normalizedToken id="823A39C9833C1E338205FF5C2EC9EABD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as face. Ocelli equilateral, POL=OOL. Malar sulcus faintly present. Antennal scrobe weakly defined (Fig.
<figureCitation id="20ACF46B096908E8A28A4C53199FDAE6" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7A, C</figureCitation>
). Interantennal projection pronounced (Fig.
<figureCitation id="41BB2D9DE8E5AEA1AB2DED0F765F4928" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7C</figureCitation>
). Toruli near lower eye margin, slightly sunken into face. Toruli more than one diameter from eye margin and about same distance from one another (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6B3B9D5451C43D85E31A340384A674AE" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7C</figureCitation>
). Dental formula 3:3. Maxillary palp at least 2 segmented (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E23C9950F5DB078D221C236F30D20D3A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7C</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="127125EFB83950871B0649335FBDC623" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Antenna</emphasis>
length 549. Scape about 3.5
<normalizedToken id="734A1D27A61C3B5AE4B5FA98ADA1EE41" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, gradually broadening from base to end. Pedicel 1.8
<normalizedToken id="EF2ED99EEED2C6499353C14E2B4BAF89" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. Fu1 tapering proximally at insertion into pedicel, fu1-4 about 2.3
<normalizedToken id="40509A5808EF781B4D3C2AEFBACDBE56" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, fu7 only about 1.2
<normalizedToken id="A1FF23F7D3CCFEE9AE4EC81E05A40945" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ABAAD3817C6C336C485F7C5B2AB44AE9" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7A</figureCitation>
). Clava at least 2 segmented, cl1 wider than fu7, claval length 187; all clavomeres with sensillary patch ventrally (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CD76640BC72C41BF6F706C8509265412" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7B</figureCitation>
). MPS present on all segments in one row lengthwise (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3D37CB9B0CE57F437938D066DC83D1E4" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7B</figureCitation>
). Pilosity uniform along all flagellomeres.
<emphasis id="DDB1678C7043ED01C976E526B5FA53D6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Mesosoma</emphasis>
length 359. Lateral panel of pronotum with 4 setae along dorsolateral margin. Mesoscutum convex, obscuring pronotum medially in dorsal view. Mesonotum large, ⅗ x as long as mesosoma in dorsal view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9DB71192DB72E1AD8873FB2C99465998" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Protoita bidentata, holotype A dorsolateral habitus B male genitalia, ventral C terminal funicular segments and clava D mesosoma, dorsolateral E head, posteroventral. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 100 µm (C-E). aed = aedeagus; dig = digitus; frn = frenum; hyc = hypostomal carina; lbp = labial palp; md = mandible; msp = mesothoracic spiracle; Mtn = metasomal tergum; mxp = maxillary palp; no 3 = metanotum; par = paramere; psp = propodeal spiracle; tsa = transcutal articulation; vol = volsella." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925399" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">5A</figureCitation>
). Notauli not externally visible (when a strong underlight is used distinct strips of thickened sclerite may be seen corresponding to notauli and mesoscutal sulcus, possibly an artifact). Transcutal articulation complete. Mesoscutellum convex, band-like approximately ⅓ x as long as mesonotum. Axillae advanced (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B79BFE199CE14AE9CDAAB850CDAD0402" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7A</figureCitation>
). Metano-propodeal complex obscured by wings and bubbles.
<emphasis id="69A920337D6B49CF8E41433CD2C4DEA3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Wings.</emphasis>
Fore wing 2.9
<normalizedToken id="FF9720C226455BCE20B25ABA586C3449" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. Longest marginal seta 38. Cubital vein 211. Basal vein short, 0.17
<normalizedToken id="FBB21079BF086F5935E5A5C667909C64" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as cubital vein. Submarginal vein 229. Marginal vein slightly less than
<normalizedToken id="239ABD9B9ACA2E2723C973031EEE2B6E" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
as long as submarginal vein (104), width only 17. Stigma oriented at 40° angle with wing margin. Uncus present as cluster of uncal sensillae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E7ADE67AC187FFE66CEDC7F6698F0366" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7E</figureCitation>
). Postmarginal vein approximately equal in length to stigmal vein (38:39) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6BEEEA15522852CAA8164408152A79D2" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7E</figureCitation>
). Hind wing elongate, 0.66
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as long as fore wing, 7.75
<normalizedToken id="EA0ED952DB11B44F9930DF5DBF4EB5FE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. Marginal setae of hind wing long, 1.5
<normalizedToken id="E5A1E988869148AEBBD2C03395922FAB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as width of hind wing, length of longest visible sensilla 58. Marginal vein of hind wing less than
<normalizedToken id="F79F5D0C79595EFC99CF75FFCD656942" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
x as long as hind wing.
<emphasis id="36B9A29EC430BED3FE39FA0BB155A6B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<emphasis id="8E90BEEA2D60612BC0D4BEBA45BCF07D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Legs</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Basitarsal comb of fore leg present (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9040FE0FBB606849295B046EAAE4F7B6" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7D</figureCitation>
:btc); slight basitarsal notch present. (Fig.
<figureCitation id="15DB8DA519F7A0EE05B314DBD9818A78" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7D</figureCitation>
:btn)
<emphasis id="01E0F871BA330AC1CBE6D5AADD0ABBAD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<emphasis id="F8791A0C2F719EFF9391F4C8B4243DBC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Metasoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Metasoma roughly equal to mesosoma in length, attached broadly to mesosoma; petiole obscured. Mt2 as broad as broadest point of mesosoma and only about 0.5
<normalizedToken id="3F0DE2F0EA5DDF3F208112F2F5919CFA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as Mt3; Mt3-Mt8 about same length (Fig.
<figureCitation id="23FCBE75BC898FF8FAF26F6162C6C074" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7F</figureCitation>
). 7 tergal segments countable. Ovipositor length 148, only partially extruded, enveloped by ovipositor sheaths (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5D18CEA77888AC452C8104CC5B267A37" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protoita petersi, holotype A dorsal habitus B apical flagellomeres, lateral C head, ventral D fore leg E fore wing venation F ovipositor complex. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 150 µm (E); 100 µm (B-D). ax = axilla; btn = basitarsal notch; cly = clypeus." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.105494.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/925401" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">7F</figureCitation>
:3v).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2532D9A27C73CE711704CEB2BCF34CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<emphasis id="55D1B34F0349A9C93C9DD7BA12762E53" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2B7D05CC2D9E6C4B40B2F21BAC6FDF55" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8D0A6A2481CD5BD6F38D6A197ED33EC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC6D09F1BDEF2CA3982DF32579B46D79" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<materialsCitation id="55BF41406238428BDEA640D22E762A8E" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Lebanon" county="Lebanese University" location="Hammana" municipality="Natural History Museum" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis id="28C693E5C8870D2107BA990AEB03CA9C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
<typeStatus id="47332939D8F2374A286B4EF23B0299FB">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: female,
<location id="3E35477DC20D6E7224B76FE8A60FB2C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C78CA80E9D5E54FAB282785A72ECF043:3E35477DC20D6E7224B76FE8A60FB2C1" country="Lebanon" county="Lebanese University" municipality="Natural History Museum" name="Hammana">Hammana</location>
/
<location id="CD92A0A025992E06606FE445ACE5AF0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C78CA80E9D5E54FAB282785A72ECF043:CD92A0A025992E06606FE445ACE5AF0C" country="Lebanon" county="Lebanese University" municipality="Natural History Museum" name="Mdeyrij">Mdeyrij</location>
,
<location id="AFC97F106F7B3C2332CCE0029A1E5F49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C78CA80E9D5E54FAB282785A72ECF043:AFC97F106F7B3C2332CCE0029A1E5F49" country="Lebanon" county="Lebanese University" municipality="Natural History Museum" name="Caza Baabda">Caza Baabda</location>
,
<location id="4AAA5D02F2CEFD5153FA49BD8C69585D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C78CA80E9D5E54FAB282785A72ECF043:4AAA5D02F2CEFD5153FA49BD8C69585D" country="Lebanon" county="Lebanese University" municipality="Natural History Museum" name="Mouhafazet Mount">Mouhafazet Mount</location>
<collectingCountry id="53BFC188E27E98846A01E3983186A64F" name="Lebanon">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
;
<location id="A7167B3F619D94A66586A4359CF6418A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C78CA80E9D5E54FAB282785A72ECF043:A7167B3F619D94A66586A4359CF6418A" country="Lebanon" county="Lebanese University" municipality="Natural History Museum" name="lower Barremian. In">lower Barremian. In</location>
amber mounted in
<collectingCountry id="657A6872FCA7EB185CC315EFE019E54D" name="Canada">Canada</collectingCountry>
Balsam. Deposited at
<collectingMunicipality id="E2134202B7564CAA23D68F5AAC36A9D2">Natural History Museum</collectingMunicipality>
of the
<collectingCounty id="BE57403E60FC6C653026B35D2B9C1EB8">Lebanese University</collectingCounty>
, accession/specimen number: 874A.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="69723CB1B7248AF7F84043BA8CE4D49A" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" type="type condition">
<paragraph id="419643DE315191D1AD24F2F0398BF2E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Type condition.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C918322258FBC366E28A088F674A2AC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Specimen with right antenna damaged beyond flagellomere 5, right hind leg damaged at midpoint of femur, and right fore wing damaged beyond midpoint of marginal vein.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8A0017794320C9F18EB96727E83D0C92" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="A01663D64A198E7940A8CEE5A5B2A546" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8D2FABF75A363E41029F11ED5A7EA292" pageId="0" pageNumber="879">
The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of our friend and colleague Dr Ralph Peters, for his work on the early diversification of
<taxonomicName id="943DAF56ADDB6B6A25578E7F8ED11591" authorityName="Ulmer &amp; Krogmann" authorityYear="2023" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="879" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Chalcidoidea">Chalcidoidea</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:title id="39D89C472E8EE6DCC381AD98076FE0C8">Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A)</mods:title>
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<treatmentCitation id="5CD526929B4AFE045F832663467E5DCF" author="Linnaeus" pageNumber="1072" year="1753">
<bibCitation id="1353E79D004AAA210C36F6F13E246BC1" author="Linnaeus" pagination="1072" title="Acrostichum pulchrum" volumeTitle="Species Plantarum 2" year="1753">
<taxonomicName id="BE8A2FFD9579758448B7D5CE8E10935C" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Acrostichum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchrum">
<emphasis id="2F420EE9D7D754A2B6CF306A8A0D6F96" bold="true" pageNumber="260">Acrostichum pulchrum</emphasis>
Linnaeus
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,
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<emphasis id="EDDBC1312ACA8FFAAE0FB203466A7246" italics="true" pageNumber="260">Species Plantarum</emphasis>
2
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: 1072. 1753
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.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E7313119113615DF28E4914341B91D28" pageNumber="260">&quot;Habitat Monspelii, inque Harcynia.&quot; RCN: 7794.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="925FD469977DDB2228450E25B0DDA2F3" pageNumber="260">Type not designated.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BEC811AB6DDD52F1EA103D59C42112DB" pageNumber="260">
Original material:
<materialsCitation id="76B007C9A9ADA605C2ECB55A2A8F6294" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2612070579" collectionCode="UPS" specimenCode="12">
Herb. Burser XX: 12 (
<collectionCode id="0538BE8BCFA4665437F6AD753215FAF2">UPS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="02810CB308A7F1A26ADBDF082A28B2F6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2612070877" collectionCode="LINN" specimenCode="1245.20">
Herb. Linn. No. 1245.20 (
<collectionCode id="FCBAFDD5BB3A6B02F51828FFA03EDBFC">LINN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="13B7A6585FE4B713808D00ACF1D5E001" pageNumber="260">
Current name:
<taxonomicName id="F8738EBD3FB10DB0C6966F89D0516C23" ID-CoL="HJR5" authority="L." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adiantum-nigrum">
<emphasis id="392679719D2D8F98CE82A537816E68B9" bold="true" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="E18DCD2F263E0B99994A9C4F2466F9A3" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="260">Asplenium adiantum-nigrum</emphasis>
</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="19F7A77534A765AA15CB60B1AD072644" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Aspleniaceae</taxonomicName>
).
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<taxonomicName authority="(L.) Medik." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Amelanchier" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amelanchier canadensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik.</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Wet pine flatwoods (WPF-T) and adjacent roadsides.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
Rare.
<normalizedToken originalValue="MarApr">Mar-Apr</normalizedToken>
;
<normalizedToken originalValue="MayJun">May-Jun</normalizedToken>
. Thornhill 1258 (NCSC). Specimens seen in the vicinity: Sandy Run [Hancock]: Taggart SARU 111 (WNC!). [= RAB, Weakley]
</paragraph>
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