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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.179.2466" ID-PMC="PMC3337060" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-179-169" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFC8FF8CFFABCA157021FFF73203684D" ID-PubMed="22539893" ID-Zenodo-Dep="577059" ModsDocID="1313-2970-179-169" checkinTime="1451249203697" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Webster, Reginald P., Sweeney, Jon D. &amp; DeMerchant, Ian" docDate="2012" docId="6D120648501551FFACACD743E2E6AFFF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 179: 169-192" docOrigin="ZooKeys 179" docPubDate="2012-04-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.179.2466" docTitle="Pycnotomina cavicollis **" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFC8FF8CFFABCA157021FFF73203684D" lastPageNumber="180" masterDocId="FFC8FF8CFFABCA157021FFF73203684D" masterDocTitle="New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Sphindidae, Erotylidae, Monotomidae, and Cryptophagidae" masterLastPageNumber="192" masterPageNumber="169" pageNumber="180" updateTime="1668153494849" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Sphindidae, Erotylidae, Monotomidae, and Cryptophagidae</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Webster, Reginald P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, 1350 Regent St., P. O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB, Canada E 3 B 5 P 7</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">reginaldwebster@rogers.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Sweeney, Jon D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, 1350 Regent St., P. O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB, Canada E 3 B 5 P 7</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>DeMerchant, Ian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, 1350 Regent St., P. O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB, Canada E 3 B 5 P 7</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName LSID="6D120648-5015-51FF-ACAC-D743E2E6AFFF" authority="(Horn, 1879) **" authorityName="**" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Pycnotomina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pycnotomina cavicollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavicollis">Pycnotomina cavicollis (Horn, 1879)**</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Map 12. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Pycnotomina cavicolle." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/16325" pageId="11" pageNumber="180">Map 12</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="180">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="180">New Brunswick, Carleton Co.</emphasis>
, Jackson Falls, Bell Forest,
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.2200" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="46.22">46.2200°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="67.7231" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-67.7231">67.7231°W</geoCoordinate>
, 4-12.VI.2008, 12-19.VI.2008, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel traps (12, AFC, RWC).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="180" type="collection and habitat data">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="180">Collection and habitat data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="180">
All adults of this species from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature hardwood forest with sugar maple, white ash, butternut, American beech, and scattered eastern hemlock (
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Tsuga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="180" phylum="Coniferophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="180">Tsuga canadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Carr.). Adults were captured during June.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="180" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="180">Distribution in Canada and Alaska.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="180">
ON, QC,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="180">NB</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Bousquet, Y" editor="Bousquet, Y" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture Canada, Research Branch, Ottawa, Ontario" pageId="16" pageNumber="185" pagination="218 - 219" refId="B5" refString="Bousquet, Y, 1991a. Family Rhizophagidae: rhizophagid beetles. In: Bousquet, Y, Ed., Checklist of Beetles of Canada and Alaska. Agriculture Canada, Research Branch, Ottawa, Ontario: 218 - 219" title="Family Rhizophagidae: rhizophagid beetles" volumeTitle="Checklist of Beetles of Canada and Alaska." year="1991 a">Bousquet 1991a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/16325" pageId="11" pageNumber="180" start="Map 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="180">Map 12.</emphasis>
Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Pycnotomina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavicolle">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="180">Pycnotomina cavicolle</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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</treatment>
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<taxonomicName id="62DFA710B6B363A0238C7F47A42BA6FA" ID-CoL="4LC3D" authority="Hincks, 1950" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Polynema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polynema reticulatum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulatum">Polynema reticulatum Hincks, 1950</taxonomicName>
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14548" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bc734ce6-5ce0-4972-8ec3-20a487d069c0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157251810" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1937-2426-1-39" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1937-2426-1-39" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Orthoptera Research 26 (1)" ModsDocTitle="The genus Ectadia (Orthoptera: Phaneropteridae: Phaneropterinae) in East Asia: description of a new species, comparison of its complex song and duetting behavior with that of E.fulva and notes on the biology of E.fulva" checkinTime="1558621730647" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Ingrisch, Sigfrid, Warchalowska-Śliwa, Elzbieta &amp; Liu, Chunxiang" docDate="2017" docId="6D1267735956313EF19200EA2DF1D2B2" docLanguage="en" docName="JourOrthoptRes 26(1): 39-51" docOrigin="Journal of Orthoptera Research 26 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14548" docTitle="Ectadia fulva Brunner von Wattenwyl 1893" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="1A3FFFB5FF81FFCF206DFFE2FF9D1C3C" masterDocTitle="The genus Ectadia (Orthoptera: Phaneropteridae: Phaneropterinae) in East Asia: description of a new species, comparison of its complex song and duetting behavior with that of E. fulva and notes on the biology of E. fulva" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="39" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1643485317221" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<taxonomicName authority="Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Ectadia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectadia fulva" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">Ectadia fulva Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893</taxonomicName>
Fig. 15morphology, Figs 16, 17 song
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examined.
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- For the behavioral studies four males and three females (out of series of nine each) were used, all offspring from animals from Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep-Pui,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.8">18°48'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="98.916664">98°55'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1100-1150 m a.s.l., 13.04.1995, ex ovo, bred in lab., leg. S. Ingrisch. Stridulatory files in six males,
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="44" start="start">China</pageBreakToken>
, Yunnan Province, Jinping County, Fenshuiling National Nature Reserve,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="22.881788">22.88178768°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="103.23377">103.23377388°N</geoCoordinate>
, August 2012.
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
- The species has been sufficiently redescribed by
<bibRefCitation author="Liu, CX" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" pagination="37 - 43" title="The genus Ectadia Brunner von Wattenwyl (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae), with descriptions of three new species from China." volume="52" year="2004">Liu et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
. It may be added that the fore wings of the male are vaulted, bulging laterally in proximal half of tegmen
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="45" start="start">length</pageBreakToken>
, flat with rounded tip thereafter; those of the female are shortened with acute tip. In both sexes the hind wings surpass the fore wings. The species shows a green-brown color polymorphism in both sexes. Of the specimens collected in the field, two males and two females were green and two males and one female brown. The brown color is of lighter shade in females (more ochreous) than in males (medium brown with dark pattern). In the offspring of a green female bred in lab, 19 males and 12 females became green, four males and nine females brown. Body, legs, fore wings and the projecting part of the hind wings were either all green or all brown, in two females pale yellowish brown. The broad dorsal field of the male tegmen including the stridulatory area was always dark brown in both color morphs while the narrow dorsal field of the female tegmen was yellow in green females or pale brown bordered by a dark brown line in brown females. In resting position,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. fulva" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="fulva">E. fulva</taxonomicName>
sits with the antennae and the fore legs stretched anteriorly in the body axis, the mid and the hind legs are stretched oblique posteriorly, while the abdomen and the wings are pointing dorso-posteriorly. That behavior resembles the situation in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ducetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ducetia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ducetia</taxonomicName>
(e.g.
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. japonica" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="japonica">D. japonica</taxonomicName>
) or
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Elimaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elimaea" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Elimaea</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" type="song.">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">Song.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="45">
- Time-amplitude-pattern. The male calling song consisted of song units each lasting about 1.5 s repeated after an interval of about 4 s (Fig. 16A). Each was made of a series of microsyllables (about 15), repeated with 20 Hz, followed by a long series of impulses with decreasing intervals. This song unit is produced by opening the tegmina very widely, then closing and opening them several times only in part, resulting in the microsyllables. The microsyllables are not tick-like sounds as in
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. diuturna" pageId="6" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="diuturna">E. diuturna</taxonomicName>
sp. n., but consist of compact series each with a few impulses. Then the male closed the tegmina completely and very slowly. The contact of the scraper with the fine basal part of the file produced a long series of heavily damped impulses (Fig. 16; see also fig. 7 in Heller et al. 2014).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="46" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
female responded immediately after the end of the male impulse series (Fig. 16), typically with one or a few impulses, occasionally with one or a small series up to a few hundred ms later in addition. Sometimes responses were observed even before the male series had ended.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="carrier frequency.">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Carrier frequency.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="46">- Both parts of the song unit had a quite similar spectral composition with two peaks (Fig. 17). Besides a narrow low-frequent peak around 10 kHz there was a broad maximum at about 50-60 kHz. The female response showed a peak at 20 kHz, in width and placement intermediate between the two male peaks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="47" start="start">Besides</pageBreakToken>
the acoustical signals soundless vibratory body movements were observed in both sexes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="47" type="mating.">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Mating.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
- In eight tests, a male (mean body mass 199
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
16 mg; n=7) and a female (mean body mass 626
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
71 mg; n = 6) were placed together for mating. Four couples mated with the males transferring only very small spermatophores (1.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.6 mg; no data on mating duration available; Fig. 18). Obviously the spermatophores consisted only from a pair of ampullas without spermatophylax.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" type="nymphs.">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Nymphs.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
- Postembryonic development occured over six nymphal instars as in many other
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Phaneropterinae">Phaneropterinae</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 19). Development
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="48" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
hatching to adult moult took 52-68 days at 20-23°C (
<bibRefCitation author="Ingrisch, S" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" pagination="65 - 108" title="A review of the Elimaeini In Western Indonesia, Malay Peninsula and Thailand (Ensifera, Phaneropteridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-99900006" volume="141" year="1998">Ingrisch 1998</bibRefCitation>
). Nymphs can be green or light brown. First instars appear green colored.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">- See Fig. 1.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
Figure 15. Habitus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ectadia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectadia fulva" order="Orthoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">Ectadia fulva</taxonomicName>
. A. male, B. female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
Figure 16. Male calling song A. and female response B. of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ectadia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectadia fulva" order="Orthoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">Ectadia fulva</taxonomicName>
. Oscillograms of stridulatory movement and song [synchronous registration of left tegmen movement and sound (upper line: upward deflection represents opening, downward closing; lower line: sound)]. Male and female were recorded separately.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
Figure 17. Power spectra of different parts of the male calling song and of the female response of
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. fulva" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" rank="species" species="fulva">E. fulva</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
Figure 18. Female
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ectadia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectadia fulva" order="Orthoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">Ectadia fulva</taxonomicName>
with spermatophore. A. overview, B. detail.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="48">
Figure 19. Nymphs of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ectadia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectadia fulva" order="Orthoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">Ectadia fulva</taxonomicName>
. A. First stage, B. second stage, C. third stage, D. 4th stage, E. 5th stage, male, F. 5th stage, female, G. 6th stage, female, H, I. 6th stage, male.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="D7397B71F0D97F9E6FB2243CD1A97109">Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7C9E3EB8385447B72A9BD15DA1A6F9EA">Bousquet, Yves</mods:namePart>
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="E0A2EA89E4A57E577F09EB7C42C7A590" ID-CoL="8KYJG" ID-ENA="63863" LSID="6D1270AD-98E4-0B0C-F0D6-05E54D7482F6" authority="Chaudoir, 1846" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promecognathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Promecognathus Chaudoir, 1846</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3261BE3EF4A18F0A953523428392A467" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B93EF842CC03E875EDB70BD075A3F977" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicName id="49805999E99908FD10A9958038DAA93E" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Promecognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Promecognathus</taxonomicName>
Chaudoir, 1846: 524. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="DA80097DB23A6EB84A97E2BE5C0B4C14" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eripus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevissimus">
<emphasis id="8B4280B74CD7A2D48DE9BEE019BF28DB" italics="true" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">Eripus laevissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Dejean, 1829 by monotypy. Etymology (original). From the Greek
<emphasis id="317FBD7E6158A9ACE1BEA24BBDD1A246" italics="true" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">promeces</emphasis>
(advanced, in front of, by extension elongate) and
<emphasis id="D56AC7ACBFC0E71CBA71321EB5B3341E" italics="true" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">gnathos</emphasis>
(jaw), alluding to the elongate mandibles (&quot;
<emphasis id="EFD3052F1FA4AF62B74FB68A113A7D84" italics="true" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">mandibulae longissimae</emphasis>
&quot;) of the adults [masculine].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="24143C7B5F96C3A84B6DBEE05AB4B47D" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" type="diversity">
<paragraph id="5BB55AE696DB29A570F87A9938450AF2" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">Diversity.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="795AD847380852A97632F687C8029EA9" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">Two species restricted to western North America.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5DD40773CA05CAEDD5808B77D73837D2" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" type="identification">
<paragraph id="AF6269959598DF3C55BFAAF5B54DCBF7" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">Identification.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F3B11B56C189043800962184CCCF83B" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">Lindroth (1961a: 125-128) commented on the structural differences between the two species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7DE6C4EFF9F6FC2E10A13D771F8C4B2C" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" type="taxonomic note">
<paragraph id="CB02CB2EEE25206968C1B4CBBD0C4398" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">Taxonomic Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9180536C9DA476A02F63E7C44C6B5F27" pageId="305" pageNumber="306">The status of the two forms as distinct species is questionable in my opinion. Van Dyke (1925: 123) considered the two forms as conspecific.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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