From 394300167b842abf6436d3e46c0e919e463a5ca0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Fri, 30 Aug 2024 18:43:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2024-08-30 18:39:01 --- .../87/014187C1666AFFA4DD7FF0BBFEF607A8.xml | 96 +++ .../87/039787DCFFE2981EBB55111E2580FE32.xml | 341 ++++++++ .../87/039787DCFFE99813B81F11F726D7F8A0.xml | 83 ++ .../87/039787DCFFEA9816BB5512A227F2FEF2.xml | 183 +++++ .../87/039787DCFFEF9814B81F117426F3FC32.xml | 167 ++++ .../87/039787DCFFEF9815B81F12C1211AF9D5.xml | 85 ++ .../87/03A1878FB52EFFC6FEB549AA677DFECB.xml | 117 ++- .../87/03A1878FB544FFABFF544ECA6658FC6B.xml | 139 ++-- .../87/03A1878FB54EFFA6FEB849AA6618FAAB.xml | 165 ++-- .../87/03A1878FB553FFC5FEA1480A6748FDAB.xml | 117 ++- .../2A/03DC2A30FFB8FFB62A40FDA2F45DF989.xml | 398 +++++++++ .../99/315A9976FFA2FFEEFF9C5DC8FC92FD53.xml | 80 +- .../99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFCD65C2AFA34FC26.xml | 76 +- .../99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFF9C5B06FB0CFDDD.xml | 82 +- .../A4/4043A47707601014FCE6BDF6FA549124.xml | 58 +- .../A4/4043A47707611016FFACB9C8FB8D9105.xml | 78 +- .../A4/4043A47707721005FFACBB60FA059316.xml | 60 +- .../EE/6E6EEE6E58795D8AB5097AC27F1A67D5.xml | 202 +++-- .../66/711F661DFF90FF9FFF90FE61FEFDDE21.xml | 644 +++++++++++++++ .../E6/7331E637FFE30160FEBD8462FDEDFBE3.xml | 101 ++- .../E6/7331E637FFE6016CFE2C86EEFC92FDA3.xml | 99 ++- .../E3/7D72E34CE842B03AFE84FEBD31A2FB3C.xml | 71 +- .../E3/7D72E34CE847B038FEA5FC1D33E9FEDC.xml | 74 +- .../41/A7394179B524FFD7FF56FABCC51DF854.xml | 770 ++++++++++++++++++ .../41/A7394179B533FFCFFF56FF59C229FF2F.xml | 443 ++++++++++ .../87/AE188799B819FFF0FC9AFB29FEB8098F.xml | 58 +- .../87/AE188799B81BFFF0FC9AFCC1FA330A1F.xml | 60 +- .../87/AE188799B81BFFF0FFD0FA6EFAEA0F06.xml | 58 +- .../87/C11F87AF0277D0070DAFFB933E93FD7F.xml | 113 +-- .../85/C1308510FFBEFF86594EF9CA01ACFD00.xml | 121 ++- .../87/F16887FDBF663955FF17F95F26622771.xml | 80 +- 31 files changed, 4218 insertions(+), 1001 deletions(-) create mode 100644 data/01/41/87/014187C1666AFFA4DD7FF0BBFEF607A8.xml create mode 100644 data/03/97/87/039787DCFFE2981EBB55111E2580FE32.xml create mode 100644 data/03/97/87/039787DCFFE99813B81F11F726D7F8A0.xml create mode 100644 data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEA9816BB5512A227F2FEF2.xml create mode 100644 data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEF9814B81F117426F3FC32.xml create mode 100644 data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEF9815B81F12C1211AF9D5.xml create mode 100644 data/03/DC/2A/03DC2A30FFB8FFB62A40FDA2F45DF989.xml create mode 100644 data/71/1F/66/711F661DFF90FF9FFF90FE61FEFDDE21.xml create mode 100644 data/A7/39/41/A7394179B524FFD7FF56FABCC51DF854.xml create mode 100644 data/A7/39/41/A7394179B533FFCFFF56FF59C229FF2F.xml diff --git a/data/01/41/87/014187C1666AFFA4DD7FF0BBFEF607A8.xml b/data/01/41/87/014187C1666AFFA4DD7FF0BBFEF607A8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..41f9bc0c277 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/01/41/87/014187C1666AFFA4DD7FF0BBFEF607A8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +The type species of Cyrtosymbole and the oldest (Famennian) cyrtosymboline trilobites + + + +Author + +Feist, Raimund + + + +Author + +Lerosey-Aubril, Rudy + +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica + + +2005 + +50 + + +3 + + +465 +475 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620595 +1732-2421 +13620595 + + + + + +Genus + +Cyrtosymbole +Richter, 1912 + + + + + + + + +Type +species + +: + +Dechenella escoti +von +Koenen, 1886 + +; +La Serre +near Cabrières, Montagne Noire, +France +, early Famennian, Devonian + +. + + +Emended diagnosis +.—Small, oculated +Cyrtosymbolinae +with conical glabella with subparabolic frontal lobe; lateral glabellar furrows incised; S1 bifurcated; preglabellar field extremely narrow or absent; pronounced antero−lateral cephalic border and border furrow; well defined palpebral lobe, placed towards anterior part of preoccipital glabella, close to axial furrow; postocular sutures with Ɛ− ζ straight; genal spines short; pygidium semicircular, with narrow, high axis; narrow border furrow and border, well defined axial rings and pleural furrows that extend as far as border furrow. + + +Differentiated from + +Calybole +Richter and Richter, 1926 + +by the following features: glabella relatively longer with anterior outline largely parabolic, anterior sutures modestly divergent, α− α distant to each other, preglabellar field absent or extremely narrow (sag.), pygidial axis robust with wide posterior outline and higher number of axial rings. Differentiated from + +Haasia +Yuan, 1988 + +by: glabella wider and unconstricted anterolaterally, librigenal spines present, pygidial axis longer with postaxial field absent or rather narrow (sag.), nodular sculpture. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFE2981EBB55111E2580FE32.xml b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFE2981EBB55111E2580FE32.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..11edf790026 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFE2981EBB55111E2580FE32.xml @@ -0,0 +1,341 @@ + + + +Late Miocene large mammals from Yulafli, Thrace region, Turkey, and their biogeographic implications + + + +Author + +Geraads, Denis + + + +Author + +Kaya, Tanju + + + +Author + +Mayda, Serdar + +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica + + +2005 + +50 + + +3 + + +523 +544 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620702 +1732-2421 +13620702 + + + + + + +Hippopotamodon antiquus +( +Kaup, 1832 +) + + + + + + + +Material from Yulafl +I + +.—TTMEU−CY−45, symphysis with i1–i2 on both sides, bases of canines and right p1 (Fig. 10J); TTMEU−CY−49, right mandibular ramus with root of canine, and p3–m2 (Fig. 10K). Measurements are given in +Table 4 +. + + +Description +.—A slight overlap in the preserved parts of the dentaries show that the +two specimens +are not from the same individual. + + + +Table 4. Measurements of + +Hippopotamodon + +teeth from Yulafll, in mm. + + + +Although the posterior border of TTMEU−CY−45 is missing, it is clear that the symphysis was short and stout. The incisors are inserted along a rather shallow arch, the line joining the alveoli of i1 and i3 being inclined at about 50 +° +in respect to the sagittal line. There is a minute diastema between i3 and the canine, itself separated from p1, which is present on the right side only, by a very short diastema. + +The incisors are robust but quite short, although they are only slightly worn, at their tips and along the lingual (dorsal) ridge of i1. The i2 is much broader than i1, and its flange, laterally offset, overlaps the labial face. The third incisor is missing on both sides, but was intermediate in diameters between i1 and i2. The length and relative position of the incisors, as well as the lack of diastemata, clearly point to a suid with a shortened muzzle. +The canine, rather vertically inserted, is imperfectly preserved, but it has an oval cross−section and a clear demarcation between crown and root. The latter, not being visible at the break just behind p1, must have been quite short, in sharp contrast to that of the other specimen (TTMEU−CY−49), and TTMEU−CY−45 is likely from a female individual. +The p1 is small but not vestigial (Fig. 10J). It is strongly compressed transversally, with a main tubercle, plus an anterior cuspid and several small ones along the main cristid. There are two fused roots. + + +TTMEU−CY−49: this specimen is broken in front of p2. Posteriorly, the symphysis reached at least the level of p3, and perhaps even that of p4. Although there is no direct evidence of it, the shape of the dentaries TTMEU−CY−45 + +TTMEU− +CY−49 suggests that the diastema between p1 and p2 was short. The canine, of which a part is preserved inside the bone, is much larger than that of TTMEU−CY−45, and therefore likely from a male individual. The cross−section is of +verrucosus +− +type +, with the following approximate widths (in mm) of the three sides: lingual = 20; antero−labial = 15; postero−labial = 15. The former two sides are covered with enamel + +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TTMEU−CY−45TTMEU−CY−49
i1i2cp1p3p4m2
mesio−distal diameter10171515.523.422.830
dorso−ventral diameter15.412.6106.813.116.622.2
+ + +Only the posterior root of p2 is preserved; all that can be said is that this tooth was rather large. The other cheek−teeth are in medium wear, except m1, which is in late wear. The p3 is a large and robust tooth, being even slightly longer than p4. Its morphology is simple, without any evidence of division of the main cuspid, which is inflated, especially labially; the talonid is expanded disto−labially into a strong vertical buttress. In lateral view; the steep slope of the anterior wear facet shows that the anterior accessory cusp was low, but it is also buttressed on both the lingual and labial sides. The p4 is stout and broad. As on p3, the anterior accessory cuspid is broadened. +Comparisons +.—The most common suid of the Mediterranean late Miocene is + +Microstonyx + +, whose systematics have long been debated. In the Turolian, in spite of the wealth of the material, recent reviews ( +Bonis and Bouvrain 1996 +; +Kostopoulos et al. 2001 +) have highlighted the difficulty to recognise two or more taxonomic entities. The variation range of the Pikermi m3s encompasses those of most of the other samples, except some Greek ones (Vathylakkos, Kerassia, Perivolaki), and no clear metric trend through time is evident. Therefore, we will include all of them in + +Microstonyx major + +. This species differs from the one present at Yulafli by a number of features: – the anterior part of the dentary is much more elongated so that, even though the symphysis is much longer, it does not reach farther posteriorly than the level of p2, and usually remains more anterior. The i3 is more posterior relative to i1–i2; there is a diastema between i3 and the canine, and a very long one between the latter and p2. – i1 and i2 are much longer, adding to the long slender as− + + +pect of the symphysial area, which much contrasts with that of the Yulafli specimen. This difference has also been mentioned by +Made (2003) +. The i2 is not so broad relative to i1. – the canine is much smaller (it may even be missing), the difference being more marked in the male. + +– p1 is always missing. +– p2 is smaller. +– the premolars are smaller, and p3 is shorter relative to p4 + +( +Fig. 12 +), but its anterior accessory cuspid is higher and narrower. + +– p4 is narrower, especially anteriorly, although some specimens approach the condition seen at Yulafli. This tooth, + +which is rather variable in + +M. major + +, especially in the de− + +velopment of the “Innenhügel” does not significantly differ in other morphological features. + +Therefore, the Yulafli suid cannot be referred to + +M. major + +. It is much closer to the earlier species + +antiquus + +, often included in the same genus, or in + +Hippopotamodon +Lydekker + +, or in + +Limnostonyx +Ginsburg + +, of which it is the type−species. Following most recent authors, we will regard both latter generic names as synonymous, and include + +antiquus + +in it. +Bonis and Bouvrain (1996) +gave a clear account of this species, and we will follow their conclusions here. Besides the type locality, Eppelsheim, well−documented reports of this species are from Montredon in +France +( +Ginsburg 1988 +) and perhaps from Sophades in +Greece +( +Thenius 1955 +) although, as noted by +Kostopoulos et al (2001) +the teeth from Sophades are small. +Bonis and Bouvrain (1996) +also referred to this species some teeth from Akkirma, a site of unknown age near +Ankara +, and the anteriorly broadened premolars described by +Senyürek (1952) +support this identification. Further material of this species in +Turkey +includes a dentary +MTA− +2388 from Bayraktepe, and a dentary +MTA− +1964 from “ +Uşak +”. The latter locality is very imprecise but, as this dentary is very different from those of Kemiklitepe, one of the main sites close to +Uşak +, Akçaköy is a more likely provenance. A few more specimens come from Sinap Tepe, near +Ankara +. +MTA− +1955 (or 1953) displays the lower incisors, set in a shallow arch, and without any diastema between them and the canines, which are large. In the +MNHNP +, the +holotype +of + +Dicoryphochoerus meteai +Ozansoy, 1965 + +, from Yassiören, is a complete right dentary. The i2 is much larger than i1; there are only very short diastemata between i3 and the canine, and between p2 and p1, which is long and bi−rooted. The p3 is long, and p4 is broad. All these specimens, in contrast to + +M. major + +, share the features observed in the Yulafli specimens. + + +These differences between + +H. antiquus + +(including the Yulafli suid) and + +M. major + +far exceed those between any two Turolian samples of + +Microstonyx + +. Even if there is only one species of this genus in the Turolian, we find it difficult to include + +antiquus + +in the same genus, as the differences between the two species would be far greater than between two living suid species (e.g., + +Sus scrofa + +/ + +S. barbatus + +, + +Phacochoerus aethiopicus + +/ + +P. africanus + +), and we prefer to use + +Hippopotamodon + +. Indeed, pending detailed phyletic analysis, there is no evidence that + +H. antiquus + +and + +M. major + +form a monophyletic group. We agree with +Bernor and Fessaha (2000) +that “There is little data supporting its [ + +Microstonyx + +] transition in MN10 from + +Hippopotamodon antiquus + +.”. In sharp contrast to + +Indarctos + +, for instance, no intermediate form is known, and + +Microstonyx + +is more likely to be a Turolian immigrant into Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean. + + + +Fig.12. Length vs. width plot of p3s and p4s in + +Hippopotamodon antiquus + +and +Microstonyx major +. + + + +In any case, there is a clear chronological distinction between both genera, + +Microstonyx + +being known only in Turolian−equivalent sites, while all sites with + +H. antiquus + +are earlier. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFE99813B81F11F726D7F8A0.xml b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFE99813B81F11F726D7F8A0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0b881b91126 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFE99813B81F11F726D7F8A0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ + + + +Late Miocene large mammals from Yulafli, Thrace region, Turkey, and their biogeographic implications + + + +Author + +Geraads, Denis + + + +Author + +Kaya, Tanju + + + +Author + +Mayda, Serdar + +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica + + +2005 + +50 + + +3 + + +523 +544 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620702 +1732-2421 +13620702 + + + + + +Genus + +Indarctos +Pilgrim, 1913 + + + + + + + + +Type +species + +: + +Indarctos salmontanus +Pilgrim, 1913: 290 + +; +Hasnot +, +Pakistan +, late +Miocene + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEA9816BB5512A227F2FEF2.xml b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEA9816BB5512A227F2FEF2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0639f30abf3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEA9816BB5512A227F2FEF2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,183 @@ + + + +Late Miocene large mammals from Yulafli, Thrace region, Turkey, and their biogeographic implications + + + +Author + +Geraads, Denis + + + +Author + +Kaya, Tanju + + + +Author + +Mayda, Serdar + +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica + + +2005 + +50 + + +3 + + +523 +544 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620702 +1732-2421 +13620702 + + + + + + +Deinotherium giganteum +Kaup, 1829 + + + + + + + +Material from Yulafl +I + +.—TTMEU−CY−30, right P4 ( +Fig. 4G +); TTMEU−CY−31, left M3; TTMEU−CY−109, incomplete toothless dentary. + + +Description +.—Both teeth are large (P4: 71 × 90; M3: 94 × w1 =105 × w2 = 91). The P4 is rectangular in outline, being wider than long ( +Fig. 4G +). The protoloph is complete and united with the paracone, but the metaloph is only a half−loph. The ectoloph is well developed, with a labial ectoflexus. The mesostyle ( +Harris 1973 +: fig. 7) is low and located on the mesio−lingual surface of the hypocone. The median valley is wide and opens lingually only. The anterior cingulum forms a ridge along the mesial side, but the distal cingulum is weaker, and there is no labial cingulum. There are three roots; two of them are located under the lophs, the third one is lingual. + +The M3 is rectangular in outline, with the protoloph wider than the metaloph. The median valley opens lingually and labially. The anterior cingulum forms a ridge along the anterior side, but the posterior cingulum is weak. There are no lingual or labial cingula, except a small labial cingulum at the opening of the median valley. There are three roots. The anterior root corresponds to the mesio−lingual part of the protoloph, the second root is along the metaloph, and the third root extends along the labial side. The lingual ornamentation of the protoloph is stronger than the labial one. The postmetaloph ornamentation is weak, and forms a small tubercle. The enamel of the tooth is finely wrinkled along the lophs and the lingual and labial surfaces. + +The dentary TTMEU−CY−109 has lost its teeth, and the rostral part of the tusk sheaths is also broken away, revealing two parallel alveoli, only slightly decreasing in diameter ventrally, and separated by a narrow septum. The maximum width across the sheaths is +240 mm +. + + +Comparisons +.—In Eurasia, deinotheres are known in early Miocene to middle Pliocene localities ( +Bergounioux and Crouzel 1962 +; +Tobien 1988 +; +Huttunen 2002a +), but their taxonomy has long been debated. In this study, following +Harris (1973) +, the name + +Deinotherium + +is used for a large−sized deinotheres, which have been recorded from many localities in Europe (review in +Huttunen 2002a +). In +Turkey +, it is known from Tire ( +Ozansoy 1961 +), Paşalar ( +Tobien 1990 +), Kayadibi ( +Gaziry 1976 +), Çandir ( +Gaziry 1976 +; +Geraads and Güleç 2003 +), Sinap ( +Sanders 2003 +), Küçükçekmece ( +Malik and Nafiz 1933 +), and Düzyayla ( +Kaya and Forstén 1999 +). + + +The large−size, the presence of the mesostyle, and the reduced postmetaloph ornamentation are diagnostic characters for + +Deinotherium + +that distinguish it from + +Prodeinotherium +( +Harris 1973 +) + +. By the presence of a strong anterior cingulum, of a mesostyle, and of incomplete lophs, the P4 from Yulafli resembles those of + +D. giganteum + +from various localities in +Austria +described by +Huttunen (2002b) +. There is a clear general trend for size increase in + +Deinotherium + +in the Miocene; e.g., the teeth from Yulafli are much larger than those of + +Prodeinotherium + +, and also than those of + +D. +aff. +levius + +from the middle Miocene of Paşalar ( +Tobien 1990 +) and than the unpublished teeth of + +P. bavaricum + +from the middle Miocene of Tire ( +Figs. 5 +, +6 +). However, late Miocene forms exhibit a great size−range not obviously linked with age or geography. The teeth from Yulafli are larger than those of + +D. giganteum + +from many European sites, and close to the maximum recorded size for specimens from Vallesian sites such as Montredon, Mannersdorf, Kohfidisch, Eppelsheim or from some Hungarian finds ( +Gräf 1957 +; +Tobien 1988 +; +Huttunen 2002b +; +Mazo and Montoya 2003 +), but they are only slightly smaller than specimens referred to + +D. gigantissimum + +, so that it is hard to draw biochronological conclusions from them. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEF9814B81F117426F3FC32.xml b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEF9814B81F117426F3FC32.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..08cb630b109 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEF9814B81F117426F3FC32.xml @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ + + + +Late Miocene large mammals from Yulafli, Thrace region, Turkey, and their biogeographic implications + + + +Author + +Geraads, Denis + + + +Author + +Kaya, Tanju + + + +Author + +Mayda, Serdar + +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica + + +2005 + +50 + + +3 + + +523 +544 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620702 +1732-2421 +13620702 + + + + + + +Tetralophodon longirostris +( +Kaup, 1832 +) + + + + + + + +Material from Yulafl +I + +.—TTMEU−CY−23, left dentary, with m2–m3 and alveoli of m1; TTMEU−CY−202a, right dentary with m2 and alveoli of m1 ( +Fig. 4A +); TTMEU−CY−202b, isolated right m3 ( +Fig. 4B +); TTMEU−CY−111, right dentary with heavily worn m1; TTMEU−CY−112, right dentary with heavily worn m2, and anterior part of m3; TTMEU−CY−48 isolated left M2. + + +Description +.—TTMEU−CY−23 and TTMEU−CY−202 belong to adult individuals. The corpus of each specimen is robust and broadens posteriorly. The interalveolar crest and the mandibular foramina are missing in TTMEU−CY−23, but the interalveolar crest of TTMEU−CY−202 is straight, long and mesio−ventrally sloping. It is deflected downward at ~45 +° +relative to the alveolar border, while the ventral margin of the symphysis exhibits a downward deflection of 15 +° +. These measurements for TTMEU−CY−112 are 40 +° +and 17 +° +, respectively. There are four mandibular foramina on +TTMEU− +CY−202. The largest one is positioned below the alveoli of m1, the others are positioned anteriorly on the symphysis. TTMEU−CY−111 belongs to a juvenile individual with a slender corpus exhibiting three mandibular foramina. + + + +Fig. 7. Length +versus +width plot of + +Choerolophodon + +m3s. + + +The m2 of TTMEU−CY−202 has four lophids, plus a small and low distal cingulum. The anterior margin of the tooth is broken. The pretrite half−lophids 2 and 3 preserve large posterior accessory conules while the fourth one has a smaller one. All other intermediate molars have four loph(id)s, but due to the wear stage in all specimens, it is impossible to determine their precise composition. +All m3s are morphologically similar. They each have five lophids and a bituberculate talonid, which could also be considered as a lophid. Each half−lophid is composed of a large main cone, a smaller mesoconelet and anterior and posterior accessory conules on the pretrite half−lophids and a posterior accessory conule on the first posttrite half−lophid. The pretrite half−lophids 4 and 5 of TTMEU−CY−23 do not exhibit any accessory conules. The anterior cingulum is well developed in all teeth. There are no traces of labial and lingual cingula except a thick basal one on the labial side of the last lophid of TTMEU−CY−23. There is a trace of cement at the base of the interlophids. + +Comparisons +.—Tetralophodont records are scarcer in +Turkey +than those of choerolophodonts, but they are more numerous in other Eurasian localities. + +Tetralophodon longirostris + +ranges from the late middle Miocene to the late Miocene. It is well known from Eppelsheim, Dorn−Dürkheim 1, Belvedere in +Austria +, and Nombrevilla in Spain ( +Tobien 1978 +; +Gaziry 1997 +; +Göhlich 1999 +). The genus + +Tetralophodon + +has also been recorded in Istanbul ( +Viret 1953 +). + + +The materials from Yulafli are very similar in size and morphology to those of + +Tetralophodon longirostris + +from Eppelsheim ( +Tobien 1978 +: pl. 10: 1) and Dorn−Dürkheim 1 ( +Gaziry 1997 +: pl. 1: 2). The m3s have five lophids and a talonid, a simple crown pattern without anancoidy, a slight cement cover in the posterior interlophids, and the symphysis is down−turned. The fossils from Yulafli are distinguished from other tetralophodonts (“ + +Mastodon +” +longirostris + +forma +gigantorostris +and “ + +Mastodon +” +grandincisivus + +) ( +Tobien 1978 +; +Mazo and Montoya 2003 +) by having a simple crown pattern, a weak cement cover, and smaller cheek teeth. The material from Yulafli falls within the size range of + +T. longirostris + +from late Miocene localities (Eppelsheim, Esselborn, Mannersdorf), which is clearly distinct from that of “ + +T. longirostris + +−grandincisivoid form”–“ + +Mastodon” grandincisivus + +(Fig. 8). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEF9815B81F12C1211AF9D5.xml b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEF9815B81F12C1211AF9D5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8c05ef9df08 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/97/87/039787DCFFEF9815B81F12C1211AF9D5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ + + + +Late Miocene large mammals from Yulafli, Thrace region, Turkey, and their biogeographic implications + + + +Author + +Geraads, Denis + + + +Author + +Kaya, Tanju + + + +Author + +Mayda, Serdar + +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica + + +2005 + +50 + + +3 + + +523 +544 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620702 +1732-2421 +13620702 + + + + + +Genus + +Tetralophodon +Falconer, 1857 + + + + + + + + +Type +species + +: + +Mastodon longirostris +Kaup, 1832 + +; +Eppelsheim +, +Germany +, +Vallesian +, +Miocene + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB52EFFC6FEB549AA677DFECB.xml b/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB52EFFC6FEB549AA677DFECB.xml index e83b69d88b4..d8df1ca8b71 100644 --- a/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB52EFFC6FEB549AA677DFECB.xml +++ b/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB52EFFC6FEB549AA677DFECB.xml @@ -1,47 +1,46 @@ - - - -Revision of the orchid bee subgenus Euglossella (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Part II: The viridis and mandibularis species groups + + + +Revision of the orchid bee subgenus Euglossella (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Part II: The viridis and mandibularis species groups - - -Author + + +Author -Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. -Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Math and Science Center, 5 Floor E 536, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). +Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. +Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Math and Science Center, 5 Floor E 536, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-08-13 + +2014 + +2014-08-13 - -2014 + +36 - -36 - - -1 -108 + +1 +108 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C9DAC2FD-B7C7-4206-BA89-220522DD884D +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i36.4777 +2325-4467 +13620428 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C9DAC2FD-B7C7-4206-BA89-220522DD884D @@ -72,40 +71,40 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 88–91 +Figs. 88–91 , -170 +170 ) DIAGNOSIS: Labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching first metasomal sternum; upper and lower interorbital distances equal (at most marginally different) ( -Fig. 90 +Fig. 90 ); malar area short (less than 0.25 mm , or noticeably shorter than diameter of mid-flagellar articles) ( -Fig. 90 +Fig. 90 ); pronotal dorsolateral angle projected as a lamella; mesoscutellar tuft teardrop shaped, composed of dense, dark setae, occupying two thirds of mesoscutellum length ( -Fig. 88 +Fig. 88 ); metabasitarsus with anterior margin convex, posterior margin very slightly convex ( -Fig. 91 +Fig. 91 ); width of metasoma and head only marginally different (much less than 1.05 times) ( -Fig. 88 +Fig. 88 ); head green ( -Fig. 90 +Fig. 90 ); scape brown with no ivory or yellowish coloration ( -Fig. 90 +Fig. 90 ); mesosoma and metasomal terga green ( -Figs. 88–89 +Figs. 88–89 ); mesoscutellum densely punctate (punctures contiguous in most areas) ( -Fig. 88 +Fig. 88 ); mesepisternum densely punctate (punctures contiguous in central areas) ( -Fig. 89 +Fig. 89 ); metasomal terga densely and evenly imbricate-punctate ( -Fig. 88 +Fig. 88 ); mesosomal vestiture dominated by fuscous setae ( -Figs. 88–89 +Figs. 88–89 ). @@ -118,7 +117,7 @@ DESCRIPTION: Total body length 9.69 mm (9.11–10.22; n=4); labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching first metasomal sternum ( -Fig. 89 +Fig. 89 ). Head length 2.59 mm (2.48–2.67; n=4); head width @@ -142,7 +141,7 @@ Total body length (0.84–0.89; n=4), width 1.03 mm (1.01–1.04; n=4); anterior margin of labrum arched outwards with subapical carina ( -Fig. 90 +Fig. 90 ); interocellar distance 0.33 mm (0.30–0.34; n=4); ocellocular distance @@ -172,13 +171,13 @@ Total body length viridis ( -Fig. 88 +Fig. 88 ); mesotibial length 2.00 mm (1.93–2.11; n=4); mesobasitarsal length 1.85 mm (1.78–1.93; n=4), maximum width 0.58 mm (0.56–0.59; n=4); metatibia triangular (right triangle) ( -Fig. 91 +Fig. 91 ); metatibial anterior margin length 2.91 mm (2.81–3.04; n=4); metatibial ventral margin length @@ -195,7 +194,7 @@ Total body length 4.39 mm (4.22–4.52; n=4). - + Figures 88–89. @@ -214,7 +213,7 @@ Dorsal habitus. Lateral habitus. - + Figures 90–91. @@ -254,7 +253,7 @@ and cupella ) ( -Figs. 88–91 +Figs. 88–91 ). @@ -266,7 +265,7 @@ As described for male (and by extension for female) of perviridis ( -Figs. 88–90 +Figs. 88–90 ). @@ -278,7 +277,7 @@ Head, mesosoma, and metasoma as in viridis ( -Figs. 88–90 +Figs. 88–90 ). Mesoscutellar tuft and corbicula as in females of E @@ -290,9 +289,9 @@ Head, mesosoma, and metasoma as in azurea ( -Figs. 88 +Figs. 88 , -91 +91 ). @@ -405,7 +404,7 @@ have metabasitarsal margins not so convex and a wide metasoma with respect to th , Brazil ( -Fig. 170 +Fig. 170 ). diff --git a/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB544FFABFF544ECA6658FC6B.xml b/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB544FFABFF544ECA6658FC6B.xml index 1f5817dadf6..4d846ee1af6 100644 --- a/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB544FFABFF544ECA6658FC6B.xml +++ b/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB544FFABFF544ECA6658FC6B.xml @@ -1,47 +1,46 @@ - - - -Revision of the orchid bee subgenus Euglossella (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Part II: The viridis and mandibularis species groups + + + +Revision of the orchid bee subgenus Euglossella (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Part II: The viridis and mandibularis species groups - - -Author + + +Author -Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. -Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Math and Science Center, 5 Floor E 536, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). +Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. +Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Math and Science Center, 5 Floor E 536, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-08-13 + +2014 + +2014-08-13 - -2014 + +36 - -36 - - -1 -108 + +1 +108 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C9DAC2FD-B7C7-4206-BA89-220522DD884D +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i36.4777 +2325-4467 +13620428 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C9DAC2FD-B7C7-4206-BA89-220522DD884D @@ -72,60 +71,60 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 51–59 +Figs. 51–59 , -148 +148 , -158 +158 , -170 +170 ) DIAGNOSIS: Labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching second metasomal sternum; upper and lower interorbital distances equal (at most marginally different) ( -Fig. 53 +Fig. 53 ); malar area short (less than 0.25 mm , or noticeably shorter than diameter of mid-flagellar articles) ( -Fig. 53 +Fig. 53 ); pronotal dorsolateral angle projected as a lamella; mesotibial tufts as follows: anterior tuft rhomboid, long (maximum length exceeding mid-width of velvety area) and wide (mid-width exceeding width of contiguous section of velvety area), posterior tuft circular-ovoid ( -Figs. 54 +Figs. 54 , -148 +148 ); mesobasitarsal posterior keel projected in a right to slightly obtuse angle ( -Fig. 56 +Fig. 56 ); second metasomal sternum of male with two simple meso-lateral tufts; width of metasoma and head only marginally different (less than 1.05 times) ( -Fig. 51 +Fig. 51 ); head mainly cyan with few blue and green areas ( -Fig. 53 +Fig. 53 ); paraocular marks trapezoidal, lower width about two thirds of length of lower lateral part of clypeus ( -Figs. 52–53 +Figs. 52–53 ); scape with ivory spot covering almost entire anterior surface ( -Fig. 53 +Fig. 53 ); mesosoma cyan with green intergradations ( -Figs. 51–52 +Figs. 51–52 , -57–58 +57–58 ); first to fourth metasomal terga violet-purple with cyan iridescence on lateral margins, fifth to seventh terga cyan ( -Fig. 59 +Fig. 59 ); mesoscutellum moderately punctate (punctures separated by one to two puncture diameters) ( -Figs. 58 +Figs. 58 ); punctation of central area of mesepisternum rather sparse when compared to other species (punctures separated by two to three puncture diameters) ( -Fig. 57 +Fig. 57 ); metasomal terga densely and evenly imbricate-punctate ( -Fig. 59 +Fig. 59 ); mesosomal vestiture dominated by fuscous setae ( -Figs. 51–52 +Figs. 51–52 , -57–58 +57–58 ); eighth metasomal sternum posterior section very narrow as a slender cylinder; gonocoxite dorsal process about as wide as long ( -Fig. 158 +Fig. 158 ); gonostylar lateral section with well-developed “secondary” lobe (convexity of posterior margin of basal sector) almost as long as adjacent ventral lobe, covered with dense setae reaching posterior margin of blades of penis valve. - + Figures 51–52. @@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ Dorsal habitus. Lateral habitus. - + Figures 53–59. @@ -182,7 +181,7 @@ DESCRIPTION: Total body length 10.81 mm (10.37–11.33; n=5); labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching posterior half of second metasomal sternum ( -Fig. 52 +Fig. 52 ). Head length 2.39 mm (2.15–2.52; n=5), width @@ -220,7 +219,7 @@ and males of (0.96–1.04; n=5), width 1.14 mm (1.11–1.19; n=5) ( -Fig. 53 +Fig. 53 ); interocellar distance 0.29 mm (0.26–0.30; n=5); ocellocular distance @@ -238,7 +237,7 @@ and males of (2.52–2.74; n=5); mesoscutellar length 1.18 mm (1.11–1.22; n=5); posterior margin of mesoscutellum truncate along most of its length (laterally rounded) ( -Fig. 58 +Fig. 58 ); mesotibial length 2.22 mm (n=5); mesobasitarsal length @@ -258,9 +257,9 @@ and azurea ) ( -Fig. 56 +Fig. 56 ); metatibia triangular (scalene triangular) ( -Fig. 55 +Fig. 55 ), maximum thickness 1.25 mm (1.22–1.26; n=5); metatibial anterior margin length @@ -296,7 +295,7 @@ As described for males of cyanea ( -Figs. 51–59 +Figs. 51–59 ). @@ -308,7 +307,7 @@ As described for males of cyanea ( -Figs. 51–53, 57–59 +Figs. 51–53, 57–59 ). @@ -320,11 +319,11 @@ As described for males of cyanea ( -Figs. 51–53, 57–59 +Figs. 51–53, 57–59 ), including features of metatibia ( -Figs. 54 +Figs. 54 , -148 +148 ). @@ -336,7 +335,7 @@ Hidden sterna and genital capsule as described for viridis ( -Fig. 158 +Fig. 158 ). @@ -598,7 +597,7 @@ in the description above attests to the morphological similarity between that sp . Coloration, integumental sculpture, and vestiture are basically the same in both species. There is however a noticeable difference in the general habitus of both that can be appreciated in a dorsal view ( cf . -Figs. 38 +Figs. 38 vs. 51). The metasoma of E @@ -648,7 +647,7 @@ as a valid species within the group. is known presently from a number of localities at mid elevations on the eastern slope of the Andes of Ecuador ( -Fig. 170 +Fig. 170 ). diff --git a/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB54EFFA6FEB849AA6618FAAB.xml b/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB54EFFA6FEB849AA6618FAAB.xml index 5a445ecd432..4659b878e81 100644 --- a/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB54EFFA6FEB849AA6618FAAB.xml +++ b/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB54EFFA6FEB849AA6618FAAB.xml @@ -1,47 +1,46 @@ - - - -Revision of the orchid bee subgenus Euglossella (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Part II: The viridis and mandibularis species groups + + + +Revision of the orchid bee subgenus Euglossella (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Part II: The viridis and mandibularis species groups - - -Author + + +Author -Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. -Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Math and Science Center, 5 Floor E 536, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). +Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. +Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Math and Science Center, 5 Floor E 536, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-08-13 + +2014 + +2014-08-13 - -2014 + +36 - -36 - - -1 -108 + +1 +108 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C9DAC2FD-B7C7-4206-BA89-220522DD884D +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i36.4777 +2325-4467 +13620428 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C9DAC2FD-B7C7-4206-BA89-220522DD884D @@ -72,56 +71,56 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 29–37 +Figs. 29–37 , -146 +146 , -156 +156 , -170 +170 ) DIAGNOSIS: Labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching posterior half of second metasomal sternum; upper and lower interorbital distances equal (marginally different) ( -Fig. 31 +Fig. 31 ); malar area short (less than 0.25 mm , noticeably shorter than diameter of mid-flagellar articles) ( -Fig. 31 +Fig. 31 ); pronotal dorsolateral angle projected as a lamella; male mesotibial tufts as follows: anterior tuft rhomboid, moderately long (maximum length barely exceeding mid-width of velvety area) and narrow (mid-width equivalent to width of contiguous section of velvety area), posterior tuft circular-ovoid ( -Figs. 32 +Figs. 32 , -146 +146 ); mesobasitarsal posterior keel projected as a right to slightly obtuse angle ( -Fig. 34 +Fig. 34 ); second metasomal sternum with two simple meso-lateral tufts; width of metasoma and head only marginally different (less than 1.05 times) ( -Fig. 29 +Fig. 29 ); head mainly green with some light blue areas ( -Fig. 31 +Fig. 31 ); paraocular marks trapezoidal, lower width not exceeding half length of lower lateral part of clypeus ( -Figs. 30–31 +Figs. 30–31 ); scape with ivory spot covering almost entire anterior surface ( -Fig. 31 +Fig. 31 ); mesosoma green throughout with noticeable golden-bronzy iridescence ( -Figs. 29–30 +Figs. 29–30 ), mesoscutellum with faint cyan intergradation ( -Fig. 36 +Fig. 36 ); first to third metasomal terga light cyan, remaining terga green with noticeable golden-bronzy hue ( -Fig. 37 +Fig. 37 ); mesoscutellum moderately punctate (punctures separated by one to two puncture diameters) ( -Fig. 36 +Fig. 36 ); central area of mesepisternum moderately punctate (punctures separated by one and a half puncture diameters) ( -Fig. 35 +Fig. 35 ); metasomal terga densely and evenly imbricate-punctate ( -Fig. 37 +Fig. 37 ); mesosomal vestiture dominated by pale-fuscous setae ( -Figs. 29–30 +Figs. 29–30 , -35–36 +35–36 ); eighth metasomal sternum posterior section very narrow as a slender cylinder; gonocoxite dorsal process about as wide as long ( -Fig. 156 +Fig. 156 ); gonostylar lateral section with well-developed “secondary” lobe, almost as long as adjacent ventral lobe, covered with dense setae reaching posterior margin of blades of penis valve. @@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ DESCRIPTION: Total body length 10.12 mm (9.26–11.11; n=6); labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching posterior half of second metasomal sternum ( -Figs. 29–30 +Figs. 29–30 ). Head length 2.49 mm (2.37–2.59; n=6), width @@ -160,7 +159,7 @@ Total body length (0.81–0.89; n=6), width 1.02 mm (1.00–1.07; n=6) ( -Fig. 31 +Fig. 31 ); interocellar distance 0.32 mm (0.30–0.33; n=6); ocellocular distance @@ -178,7 +177,7 @@ Total body length (2.44–2.67; n=6); mesoscutellar length 1.16 mm (1.10–1.22; n=6); posterior margin of mesoscutellum truncate along most of its length (laterally rounded) ( -Fig. 36 +Fig. 36 ); mesotibial length 2.09 mm (2.04–2.22; n=6); mesobasitarsal length @@ -186,9 +185,9 @@ Total body length (2.04–2.22; n=6), width 0.69 mm (0.65–0.74; n=6) (measured at proximal posterior keel), posterior keel projected in a right to slightly obtuse angle with proximal margin (between mesotibia-mesobasitarsus joint and apex of keel) appearing slightly convex ( -Fig. 34 +Fig. 34 ); metatibia triangular (scalene triangular) ( -Fig. 33 +Fig. 33 ), maximum thickness 1.24 mm (1.11–1.30; n=6); metatibial anterior margin length @@ -221,7 +220,7 @@ Total body length . - + Figures 29–30. @@ -240,7 +239,7 @@ Dorsal habitus. Lateral habitus. - + Figures 31–37. @@ -284,11 +283,11 @@ Head as described for viridis , blue area on vertex restricted to ocellar triangle; lower width of paraocular ivory marks never wider than half length of lower lateral part of clypeus ( -Figs. 30–31 +Figs. 30–31 ). Mesosoma green throughout, with golden-bronze noticeably on lateral areas, mesoscutellum with some faint cyan intergradation ( -Figs. 29–30 +Figs. 29–30 , -35–36 +35–36 ); legs as described for E @@ -296,9 +295,9 @@ Head as described for viridis , except mainly green with no blue-purple iridescence ( -Figs. 30 +Figs. 30 , -33 +33 ). First to third metasomal terga light cyan on dorsum, lateral sections green, fourth to seventh terga green with golden-bronzy hue, remainder of metasoma as described for E @@ -306,7 +305,7 @@ Head as described for viridis ( -Fig. 37 +Fig. 37 ). @@ -318,7 +317,7 @@ Head as described for viridis ( -Fig. 31 +Fig. 31 ). Mesosoma as described for E @@ -326,7 +325,7 @@ Head as described for azurea , except mesepisternal lateral areas with punctures slightly denser ( -Fig. 35 +Fig. 35 ). Metasoma as described for E @@ -334,7 +333,7 @@ Head as described for viridis ( -Fig. 37 +Fig. 37 ). @@ -346,7 +345,7 @@ Head as described for viridis ( -Fig. 31 +Fig. 31 ). Mesosoma (including legs) as described for E @@ -354,13 +353,13 @@ Head as described for viridis ( -Figs. 29–30 +Figs. 29–30 , -33, 35–36 +33, 35–36 ), except mesotibial anterior tuft moderately long (length barely exceeding mid-width of velvety area) and narrow (mid-width as wide as contiguous section of velvety area) ( -Figs. 32 +Figs. 32 , -146 +146 ). Metasoma as described for E @@ -368,7 +367,7 @@ Head as described for viridis ( -Fig. 37 +Fig. 37 ). @@ -380,7 +379,7 @@ Hidden sterna and genital capsule as described for viridis ( -Fig. 156 +Fig. 156 ). @@ -535,7 +534,7 @@ have cyan on areas that would be blue-purple in viridis , a more noticeable green coloration throughout, and narrower paraocular lines ( -Figs. 29–31 +Figs. 29–31 ). Puncture density on the mesepisternum is comparable to E @@ -561,11 +560,11 @@ and azurea , and it is distinguishable by having a mid-width comparable to that of the contiguous velvety area ( -Fig. 146 +Fig. 146 ), while in the other two species the contiguous velvety area is either noticeably narrower ( -Fig. 144 +Fig. 144 ) or wider ( -Fig. 145 +Fig. 145 ). The species is known at present from only a few specimens from the western areas of the Amazon Basin in Colombia , @@ -573,7 +572,7 @@ and , and Peru ( -Fig. 170 +Fig. 170 ), although it must certainly occur in nearby areas of Brazil . diff --git a/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB553FFC5FEA1480A6748FDAB.xml b/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB553FFC5FEA1480A6748FDAB.xml index cc5d89f009c..18c0ce603e9 100644 --- a/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB553FFC5FEA1480A6748FDAB.xml +++ b/data/03/A1/87/03A1878FB553FFC5FEA1480A6748FDAB.xml @@ -1,47 +1,46 @@ - - - -Revision of the orchid bee subgenus Euglossella (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Part II: The viridis and mandibularis species groups + + + +Revision of the orchid bee subgenus Euglossella (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Part II: The viridis and mandibularis species groups - - -Author + + +Author -Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. -Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Math and Science Center, 5 Floor E 536, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). +Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. +Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Math and Science Center, 5 Floor E 536, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-08-13 + +2014 + +2014-08-13 - -2014 + +36 - -36 - - -1 -108 + +1 +108 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C9DAC2FD-B7C7-4206-BA89-220522DD884D +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i36.4777 +2325-4467 +13620428 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C9DAC2FD-B7C7-4206-BA89-220522DD884D @@ -72,40 +71,40 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 84–87 +Figs. 84–87 , -170 +170 ) DIAGNOSIS: Labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching first metasomal sternum; upper and lower interorbital distances equal (at most marginally different) ( -Fig. 86 +Fig. 86 ); malar area short (less than 0.25 mm , or noticeably shorter than diameter of mid-flagellar articles) ( -Fig. 86 +Fig. 86 ); pronotal dorsolateral angle projected as a lamella; mesoscutellar tuft teardrop shaped, composed of dense, dark setae, occupying two thirds of mesoscutellum length ( -Fig. 84 +Fig. 84 ); metabasitarsus with anterior and posterior margins noticeably convex ( -Fig. 87 +Fig. 87 ); metasoma noticeably wider than head (about 1.07 times or over) ( -Fig. 84 +Fig. 84 ); head green ( -Fig. 86 +Fig. 86 ); scape brown with no ivory or yellowish coloration ( -Fig. 86 +Fig. 86 ); mesosoma and metasomal terga green ( -Figs. 84–85 +Figs. 84–85 ); mesoscutellum densely punctate (punctures contiguous in most areas) ( -Fig. 84 +Fig. 84 ); mesepisternum densely punctate (punctures contiguous in central areas) ( -Fig. 85 +Fig. 85 ); metasomal terga densely and evenly imbricate-punctate ( -Fig. 84 +Fig. 84 ); mesosomal vestiture dominated by fuscous setae, slightly darker than in other species ( -Figs. 84–85 +Figs. 84–85 ). @@ -118,7 +117,7 @@ DESCRIPTION: Total body length 10.30 mm (9.63–10.81; n=5); labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching first metasomal sternum ( -Fig. 85 +Fig. 85 ). Head length 2.62 mm (2.56–2.78; n=5); head width @@ -156,7 +155,7 @@ and males of (0.89–1.00; n=5), width 1.13 mm (1.11–1.19; n=5); anterior margin of labrum arched outwards with subapical carina ( -Fig. 86 +Fig. 86 ); interocellar distance 0.35 mm (0.33–0.36; n=5); ocellocular distance @@ -186,7 +185,7 @@ and males of viridis ( -Fig. 84 +Fig. 84 ); mesotibial length 2.20 mm (2.15–2.30; n=5); mesobasitarsal length @@ -194,7 +193,7 @@ and males of (1.85–2.22; n=5), maximum width 0.67 mm (0.59–0.74; n=5); metatibia triangular (right triangle) ( -Fig. 87 +Fig. 87 ); metatibial anterior margin length 3.16 mm (3.00–3.41; n=5); metatibial ventral margin length @@ -209,7 +208,7 @@ and males of 4.91 mm (4.78–5.11; n=5). - + Figures 84–85. @@ -228,7 +227,7 @@ Dorsal habitus. Lateral habitus. - + Figures 86–87. @@ -256,7 +255,7 @@ Generally as described for females of perviridis , only with stronger golden-bronzy iridescence throughout ( -Figs. 84–87 +Figs. 84–87 ). @@ -268,7 +267,7 @@ As described for male (and by extension for female) of perviridis ( -Figs. 84–86 +Figs. 84–86 ). @@ -280,7 +279,7 @@ Head, mesosoma, and metasoma as in viridis ( -Figs. 84–86 +Figs. 84–86 ). Mesoscutellar tuft and corbicula as in females of E @@ -292,9 +291,9 @@ Head, mesosoma, and metasoma as in azurea ( -Figs. 84 +Figs. 84 , -87 +87 ). @@ -422,7 +421,7 @@ can be separated from females of , Venezuela ( -Fig. 170 +Fig. 170 ). diff --git a/data/03/DC/2A/03DC2A30FFB8FFB62A40FDA2F45DF989.xml b/data/03/DC/2A/03DC2A30FFB8FFB62A40FDA2F45DF989.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..32d964db469 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/DC/2A/03DC2A30FFB8FFB62A40FDA2F45DF989.xml @@ -0,0 +1,398 @@ + + + +A new Paleocene nyctitheriid insectivore from Inner Mongolia (China) and the origin of Asian nyctitheriids + + + +Author + +Missiaen, Pieter + + + +Author + +Smith, Thierry + +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica + + +2005 + +50 + + +3 + + +513 +522 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620694 +1732-2421 +13620694 + + + + + + +Asionyctia guoi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +Holotype + +: +IMM 2004 +−SB−1, left dentary fragment with p4–m1 and alveoli of p2–3. + + + + + +Paratypes + +: +IMM 2001 +−SB−9,left dentary fragment with p4 and alveoli of i1–p3 + +; + +IMM 2004 +−SB−2, right dentary fragment with p3–4 and alveoli of c–p2 + +; + +IMM 2001 +−SB−10, right dentary fragment with m1–2 and alveoli of m3 + +; + +IMM 2001 +−SB−11, left m3 + +; + +IMM 2004 +−SB−3, right P4 + +; + +IMM 2001 +−SB−12, left M1 + +; + +IMM 2001 +−SB−13, left M2 + +; + +IMM 2001 +−SB−14, fragmentary right M3 + +; + +IMM 2001 +−SB−15, fragmentary left M3 + +. + + +Referred material +: At present the collection of + +Asionyctia guoi + +from Subeng contains 8 more dentulous dentary fragments, 55 isolated teeth and 21 identifiable fragmentary cheek teeth. + + +Type locality and age +: + +Subeng ( + +N 43 +° +31´50´´ + + +E 111 +° +44´04´´ + + +955 m +above sea level + +), +Erlian Basin +, +Inner Mongolia +, +China +. +Upper +part of the +Nomogen Formation +, late +Paleocene +, +Gashatan +ALMA + +. + + +Etymology +: In honor of the Chinese paleontologist Dian−Yong Guo ( +IMM +) for his contribution to the knowledge of the fossil vertebrates of +Inner Mongolia +. + + +Diagnosis +.—Asionyctiine nyctitheriid differing from all other +Asionyctiinae +by the paraconid positioned high on p4. Differing from + +Oedolius +, +Voltaia + +, and + +Bayanulanius + +by the lower molars with an oblique crest that joins the trigonid low on the trigonid wall and the smaller hypoflexid. Further differing from + +Oedolius + +by its less reduced paraconid and the presence of an entocristid on the lower molars. Differing from + +Bumbanius + +by the absence of a metaconid on p4, from + +Voltaia + +by its single talonid cusp on p4 and the smaller and more reduced lower premolars, and from both by its smaller size. + + + +Table 1. Dental measurements of + +Asionyctia guoi + +(in mm). n: number of specimens measured; S.D.: standard deviation; C.V.: coefficient of variation. Values are based only on measurements of well−preserved specimens. When dimensions of additional specimens could be estimated, these values were taken into account and the results are noted between brackets. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
MeanMinimumMaximumnS.D.C.V.
p3length width0.88 0.500.85 0.450.95 0.556 60.03 0.032.92 6.59
p4length width1.23 0.661.10 0.601.35 0.7511 110.07 0.046.01 5.36
m1length width1.36 0.871.20 0.751.50 0.9516 160.08 0.045.96. 4.79
m2length width1.31 0.901.20 0.851.40 0.9512 120.06 0.044.28 3.95
m3length width1.35 0.831.25 0.751.40 0.905 50.05 0.043.60 4.45
P4length width1.05 (1.04) 1.50 (1.48)1.00 1.50 (1.45)1.10 1.503 (4) 1 (2)0.03 (0.03) 0.03 (0.03)2.38 (2.43) – (2.12)
M1length width1.26 (1.26) 1.951.18 1.851.35 2.056 (10) 90.06 (0.06) 0.074.81 (4.79) 3.66
M2length width1.25 (1.28) 2.081.20 1.951.30 2.202 (4) 30.05 (0.05) 0.114.29 (3.73) 5.52
M3length width(1.05) (1.70)(1.00) –(1.10) –(2) (1)(0.04) –(3.37) –
+ + + +Fig 1. SEM micrographs of + +Asionyctia guoi +, Gashatan ALMA + +(late Paleocene) from Subeng (Inner Mongolia, China). +A +. IMM 2001−SB−9, left dentary fragment with p4 and alveoli of i1–p3, in occlusal (A +1 +), labial (A +2 +) and lingual views (A +3 +). +B +. IMM 2004−SB−2, right dentary fragment with p3–4 and alveoli of c–p2, in occlusal (B +1 +), labial (B +2 +), and lingual (B +3 +) views. + + + +Measurements +.—See +Table 1 +. + + +Description + + +The mandible has two mental foramina, a large one positioned below the posterior root of p2 and the anterior root of p3 and a small one positioned below the roots of p4. It contains the alveoli for three anteriorly projecting incisors. The alveolus for i3 is followed by a large alveolus for the canine and by two small alveoli. No small uniradicular teeth fitting these alveoli were found and the position and size of these alveoli seems to indicate that p1 is absent and p2 is double−rooted and moderately smaller than p3. The absence of p1 would be unique among nyctitheriids; lacking further confirmation, we prefer to handle this feature with a certain care but at least it is clear that + +Asionyctia guoi + +has undergone a reduction of the anterior lower premolars but not of the other lower antemolar teeth. + + +The +p3 +is double−rooted with a moderately high protoconid that is situated above the anterior root. The small paraconid is positioned high on the anterior side of the protoconid, and from the posterolingual side of the protoconid a ridge descends to a single median talonid cusp. + + +The +p4 +is premolariform and larger than p3, subequal to m +1 in +length. p4 has a well−developed paraconid and paracristid, both positioned high on the protoconid, and a small anterolabial cingulum, but the metaconid is completely undeveloped. A strong crest descends posterolingually from the protoconid to a single, median talonid cusp. A talonid basin is not developed, but a small lingual notch is consistently present. + + +The +m1 +has an anteriorly projecting paraconid that is crestiform and fused with the paracristid. The protoconid is slightly larger and higher than the metaconid. The anterolabial cingulum is well−developed and can continue along the base of the protoconid. The hypoconulid is slightly closer to the entoconid than to the hypoconid and is the smallest talonid cusp, while the hypoconid and entoconid are subequal in height. The ridge between hypoconid and hypoconulid often exhibits considerable wear and in worn specimens the hypoconid may be the lowest of the talonid cusps. The oblique crest joins the trigonid low on the trigonid wall. + + +The +m2 +differs from m +1 in +having a slightly less anteriorly projecting paraconid, and a shorter and wider trigonid that is slightly larger than the talonid. + + +The +m3 +resembles m2 but is somewhat smaller with a narrower talonid and a distinct hypoconulid. + + +P4 +is premolariform and lacks a metacone, the crown consisting of a small parastyle, a large paracone and a large crest descending posterolabially from the paracone. Additional observations show the development of a small protocone and postcingulum, but neither conules nor hypocone are developed. + + + + +M1 +is rectodont with a low, straight centrocrista. The paracone and protocone are subequal in height, and both are only slightly higher than the metacone. The ectocingulum bears a small parastyle; the metastylar crest and ectoflexus are moderately developed, but stylar cusps are absent. The trigon is transversely elongated, with two subequal conules, well−developed conule crests, and pre− and postprotocrista. The precingulum is small but always present; the postcingulum is relatively small with a hypocone and a remarkably straight posterior border. + + +M2 +differs from M1 by its more labially orientated parastylar lobe, deeper ectoflexus and by its more transversely elongated trigon. + + +M3 +is transversely shorter than M1 and M2. The labial side has a moderate parastyle; the lingual side presents a minute precingulum and a small postcingulum. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA2FFEEFF9C5DC8FC92FD53.xml b/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA2FFEEFF9C5DC8FC92FD53.xml index faf58c5a3e0..62cbc150a5f 100644 --- a/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA2FFEEFF9C5DC8FC92FD53.xml +++ b/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA2FFEEFF9C5DC8FC92FD53.xml @@ -1,55 +1,57 @@ - - - -Phosphatised olenid trilobites and associated fauna from the Upper Cambrian of Västergötland, Sweden + + + +Phosphatised olenid trilobites and associated fauna from the Upper Cambrian of Västergötland, Sweden - - -Author + + +Author -Ahlberg, Per +Ahlberg, Per - - -Author + + +Author -Szaniawski, Hubert +Szaniawski, Hubert - - -Author + + +Author -Clarkson, Euan N. K. +Clarkson, Euan N. K. - - -Author + + +Author -Bengtson, Stefan +Bengtson, Stefan -text - - -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica - -2005 - -50 + +2005 + +50 - -3 + +3 - -429 -440 + +429 +440 -journal article -1732-2421 +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620385 +1732-2421 +13620385 - + @@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ cf. -Fig. 2L, M +Fig. 2L, M . @@ -99,7 +101,7 @@ cf. majusculus Linnarsson, 1880 -Fig. 2N, O +Fig. 2N, O . @@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ long. Description .—The pygidia are subtriangular, wider than long, and with the postero−lateral margins slightly concave and a somewhat rounded posterior end. The axis occupies slightly more than the central third of the total width anteriorly, tapers regularly backwards and almost reaches the posterior border. It consists of an articulating half−ring, three axial rings, and a terminal piece. The pleural fields become distinctly narrower backwards and have two or three shallow pleural furrows. The pygidial border is raised and continuous, lacking undulations, and provided with several distinct, subparallel terrace lines. The pygidial surface lacks distinct ornamentation other than the terrace lines and some faint granulation on the central part of the axial rings, and, on the larger specimen ( -Fig. 2O +Fig. 2O ), on the anterior part of the pleural field. diff --git a/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFCD65C2AFA34FC26.xml b/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFCD65C2AFA34FC26.xml index cb4019c3d04..deb60f0e400 100644 --- a/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFCD65C2AFA34FC26.xml +++ b/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFCD65C2AFA34FC26.xml @@ -1,55 +1,57 @@ - - - -Phosphatised olenid trilobites and associated fauna from the Upper Cambrian of Västergötland, Sweden + + + +Phosphatised olenid trilobites and associated fauna from the Upper Cambrian of Västergötland, Sweden - - -Author + + +Author -Ahlberg, Per +Ahlberg, Per - - -Author + + +Author -Szaniawski, Hubert +Szaniawski, Hubert - - -Author + + +Author -Clarkson, Euan N. K. +Clarkson, Euan N. K. - - -Author + + +Author -Bengtson, Stefan +Bengtson, Stefan -text - - -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica - -2005 - -50 + +2005 + +50 - -3 + +3 - -429 -440 + +429 +440 -journal article -1732-2421 +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620385 +1732-2421 +13620385 - + @@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ cf. -Fig. 3G +Fig. 3G . diff --git a/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFF9C5B06FB0CFDDD.xml b/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFF9C5B06FB0CFDDD.xml index 9de1c592d8e..7f3a6ae5ae4 100644 --- a/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFF9C5B06FB0CFDDD.xml +++ b/data/31/5A/99/315A9976FFA3FFEFFF9C5B06FB0CFDDD.xml @@ -1,55 +1,57 @@ - - - -Phosphatised olenid trilobites and associated fauna from the Upper Cambrian of Västergötland, Sweden + + + +Phosphatised olenid trilobites and associated fauna from the Upper Cambrian of Västergötland, Sweden - - -Author + + +Author -Ahlberg, Per +Ahlberg, Per - - -Author + + +Author -Szaniawski, Hubert +Szaniawski, Hubert - - -Author + + +Author -Clarkson, Euan N. K. +Clarkson, Euan N. K. - - -Author + + +Author -Bengtson, Stefan +Bengtson, Stefan -text - - -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica - -2005 - -50 + +2005 + +50 - -3 + +3 - -429 -440 + +429 +440 -journal article -1732-2421 +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620385 +1732-2421 +13620385 - + @@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ cf. -Fig. 3D–F +Fig. 3D–F . @@ -82,11 +84,11 @@ long (the latter estimated). Remarks .—In the smallest pygidium ( -Fig. 3F +Fig. 3F ) the marginal spines are relatively longer than in the larger pygidia. The development of the surface sculpture can be traced from the smallest to the largest specimen. In the smallest specimen the ornament consists of granules, slightly elongated and, on the pleural fields, subparallel with the postero−lateral margin. On the axial rings these granules have coalesced into incipient transverse terrace lines. Less developed terrace lines are present at the posterior margin. In the next larger specimen ( -Fig. 3D +Fig. 3D ) the terrace lines are much more distinctly developed on the pleural fields and behind the axis. In the largest specimen ( -Fig. 3E +Fig. 3E ) the terrace lines are very well developed as raised ridges forming short, linked sections, but continuous behind the axis. On the terminal piece of the axis they are again continuous and subconcentric with the axial furrow surrounding the posterior end of the axis. diff --git a/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707601014FCE6BDF6FA549124.xml b/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707601014FCE6BDF6FA549124.xml index 4298e722d27..c913cd0b8a0 100644 --- a/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707601014FCE6BDF6FA549124.xml +++ b/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707601014FCE6BDF6FA549124.xml @@ -1,43 +1,45 @@ - - - -Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Shihtzupu Formation of Yunnan Province, China + + + +Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Shihtzupu Formation of Yunnan Province, China - - -Author + + +Author -Zhan, Renbin +Zhan, Renbin - - -Author + + +Author -Jin, Jisuo +Jin, Jisuo -text - - -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica - -2005 - -50 + +2005 + +50 - -2 + +2 - -365 -393 + +365 +393 -journal article -1732-2421 +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620317 +1732-2421 +13620317 - + diff --git a/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707611016FFACB9C8FB8D9105.xml b/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707611016FFACB9C8FB8D9105.xml index fef32d77124..5223334983f 100644 --- a/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707611016FFACB9C8FB8D9105.xml +++ b/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707611016FFACB9C8FB8D9105.xml @@ -1,41 +1,43 @@ - - - -Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Shihtzupu Formation of Yunnan Province, China + + + +Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Shihtzupu Formation of Yunnan Province, China - - -Author + + +Author -Zhan, Renbin +Zhan, Renbin - - -Author + + +Author -Jin, Jisuo +Jin, Jisuo -text - - -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica - -2005 - -50 + +2005 + +50 - -2 + +2 - -365 -393 + +365 +393 -journal article -1732-2421 +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620317 +1732-2421 +13620317 @@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ Figs. 12N , -13A–I +13A–I ; Table 13 . @@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ : NIGP 139147 ( -Fig. 13C +Fig. 13C ), ventral internal mould. @@ -104,32 +106,32 @@ near the , with relatively sparse accentuated costae. Description .—Shell small, concavoconvex, subsemicircular to subcircular; maximum width along hinge line. Cardinal extremities acute to rounded. Anterior commissure rectimarginate. Ventral valve about three−quarters as long as wide, strongly convex, deepest in central part; visceral area more convex than marginal area of shell; interarea high, about one−eighth length of shell, apsacline with planar or slightly curved surface; delthyrium relatively wide, covered by weakly arched pseudodeltidium in its posterior two−thirds ( -Fig. 13C - +Fig. 13C + 2 ). Dorsal valve about three−fifths as long as wide, deeply concave, with greatest concavity at junction between visceral area and geniculation; interarea low, shorter than one−tenth length of shell, anacline; notothyrium narrow, short, covered by arched chilidium ( -Fig. 13H - +Fig. 13H + 2 ). Unequal parvicostellae; 7–9 accentuated costae, with finer costellae inserting three times; about 9–11 fine costellae between two adjacent costae at shell anterior margin. Concentric fila evenly spaced, about 15–16 per mm. Teeth small, wedge−shaped; dental plates short, high, subparallel, continuous with anterior bounding ridge of muscle field. Muscle field subtriangular to subpentagonal, about one−fifth length and width of shell, elevated anteriorly; adductor scars small, narrow, mainly in posteromedial part of muscle field, separated from diductor scars by pair of thin plates in some shells ( -Fig. 13D +Fig. 13D ); diductor scars much larger, subcircular, surrounding adductor scars laterally and anteriorly. Mantle canal system saccate; vascula media originating from anterior ends of diductor scars, with long, straight, weakly divergent main trunks. Bema relatively large, well−developed; dorsal platform marked by weak, discrete septules. Discussion .—The convexity of ventral valves has a certain degree of variation: the visceral area is usually much more convex than the shell marginal area, giving the valve a galeate shape (e.g., -Fig. 13E - +Fig. 13E + 1 ), but some shells are almost evenly convex ( Figs. 12N , -13C - +13C + 1 ). diff --git a/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707721005FFACBB60FA059316.xml b/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707721005FFACBB60FA059316.xml index e66b8d8d396..6c2d6974bbf 100644 --- a/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707721005FFACBB60FA059316.xml +++ b/data/40/43/A4/4043A47707721005FFACBB60FA059316.xml @@ -1,43 +1,45 @@ - - - -Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Shihtzupu Formation of Yunnan Province, China + + + +Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Shihtzupu Formation of Yunnan Province, China - - -Author + + +Author -Zhan, Renbin +Zhan, Renbin - - -Author + + +Author -Jin, Jisuo +Jin, Jisuo -text - - -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica - -2005 - -50 + +2005 + +50 - -2 + +2 - -365 -393 + +365 +393 -journal article -1732-2421 +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620317 +1732-2421 +13620317 - + @@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ near the Description .—Shell small to medium, equally biconvex or dorsibiconvex, subquadrate to subsemicircular, with maximum width at or near hinge line. Cardinal extremities rounded or rectangular. Anterior commissure rectimarginate or weakly denticulate. Ventral valve moderately convex; beak erect; interarea flat or weakly concave, about one−fifth to one−seventh of shell length, apsacline; delthyrium narrow, open. Dorsal valve convex to strongly convex; sulcus narrow, starting from umbo, becoming wider and shallower anteriorly; dorsal interarea flat, anacline, less than one−tenth of shell length; notothyrium open. Costae coarse, sparse, 9–11 per valve, with rare bifurcation in posterior part of shell and intense fascicostellate branching near anterior margin of some specimens. Concentric fila dense, evenly spaced over entire shell surface; concentric lamellae irregular, best developed near anterior margin of shell. Minute tubercles dense, irregularly distributed on shell surface ( Fig. 7G - + 2 ). diff --git a/data/6E/6E/EE/6E6EEE6E58795D8AB5097AC27F1A67D5.xml b/data/6E/6E/EE/6E6EEE6E58795D8AB5097AC27F1A67D5.xml index b1fc1d06124..ca5bc0542dc 100644 --- a/data/6E/6E/EE/6E6EEE6E58795D8AB5097AC27F1A67D5.xml +++ b/data/6E/6E/EE/6E6EEE6E58795D8AB5097AC27F1A67D5.xml @@ -1,78 +1,77 @@ - - - -Colletotrichum species (Glomerellales, Glomerellaceae) causing walnut anthracnose in China + + + +Colletotrichum species (Glomerellales, Glomerellaceae) causing walnut anthracnose in China - - -Author + + +Author -Zhang, Lin -https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6325-1440 -School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China +Zhang, Lin +https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6325-1440 +School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China - - -Author + + +Author -Zhao, Lili -0000-0003-1451-3301 -School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China +Zhao, Lili +0000-0003-1451-3301 +School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China - - -Author + + +Author -Liang, Chen -Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China +Liang, Chen +Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China - - -Author + + +Author -Yu, Luhan -Department of Environmental Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada +Yu, Luhan +Department of Environmental Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada - - -Author + + +Author -Zhang, Ying -0000-0001-8817-6032 -School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China +Zhang, Ying +0000-0001-8817-6032 +School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China -text - - -MycoKeys +text + + +MycoKeys - -2024 - -2024-08-30 + +2024 + +2024-08-30 - -108 + +108 - -95 -113 + +95 +113 -journal article -10.3897/mycokeys.108.127734 +journal article +301878 +10.3897/mycokeys.108.127734 +de1ac557-234f-49b7-b6d7-a7844d981802 - + - + Colletotrichum chinensis -Y. Zhang +Y. Zhang ter & L. Zhang -ter & -L -. Zhang sp. nov. @@ -113,17 +112,9 @@ acervular, conidiophores hyaline, smooth-walled, septate, branched. Setae medium to dark brown, smooth to finely verruculose close to the tip, the tip rounded, 1–3 aseptate, 39.2–118.7 μm long. Conidiogenous cells -subcylindrical, straight to curved, 16.7–30.0 × 2.3–3.7 μm (mean ± -SD -= 22.2 ± 0.6 × 3.2 ± 0.1 μm, n = 30). +subcylindrical, straight to curved, 16.7–30.0 × 2.3–3.7 μm (mean ± SD = 22.2 ± 0.6 × 3.2 ± 0.1 μm, n = 30). Conidia -hyaline, smooth-walled, subcylindrical, both ends round, 1–3 - guttulate, contents granular, 13.7–18.5 × 4.4–5.9 μm (mean ± -SD -= 16.4 ± 1.0 × 5.0 ± 0.3 μm, -L -/ -W -radio = 3.3, n = 100). +hyaline, smooth-walled, subcylindrical, both ends round, 1–3 - guttulate, contents granular, 13.7–18.5 × 4.4–5.9 μm (mean ± SD = 16.4 ± 1.0 × 5.0 ± 0.3 μm, L / W radio = 3.3, n = 100). @@ -131,7 +122,7 @@ radio = 3.3, n = 100). Morphological characteristics of - + Colletotrichum chinensis a, b @@ -174,13 +165,7 @@ flat with entire margin, surface pale pink, covered with felty white or grey aer 79–80 mm diam. in 7 d. Appressoria -produced on slide culture from conidia, medium to dark brown, variable in shape, often smooth-walled, subglobose, ovate to broadly elliptical in outline, 7.3–12.0 × 4.7–6.7 μm (mean ± -SD -= 9.5 ± 0.2 × 5.8 ± 0.1 μm, -L -/ -W -radio = 1.6, n = 40). +produced on slide culture from conidia, medium to dark brown, variable in shape, often smooth-walled, subglobose, ovate to broadly elliptical in outline, 7.3–12.0 × 4.7–6.7 μm (mean ± SD = 9.5 ± 0.2 × 5.8 ± 0.1 μm, L / W radio = 1.6, n = 40). @@ -188,25 +173,31 @@ radio = 1.6, n = 40). Material examined. + China , Shandong Province -, Taian City, on fruit of +, +Taian City +, + +on fruit of Juglans regia -L -., -29 July 2022 +L. + , -Y -. Zhang, -L -. Zhang and -L -. -L -. Zhao ( + +29 July 2022 + +, +Y. Zhang +, +L. Zhang +and +L. L. Zhao +( holotype , QCG- 1, culture ex-type, QCG- 1.1 = @@ -216,24 +207,30 @@ radio = 1.6, n = 40). CGMCC -3.25210); -Beijing -City, on fruit of +3.25210) + +; + +Beijing City +, + +on fruit of Juglans regia -L -., -15 July 2022 +L. + , -Y -. Zhang, -L -. Zhang and -L -. -L -. Zhao ( + +15 July 2022 + +, +Y. Zhang +, +L. Zhang +and +L. L. Zhao +( JF 715-6, culture, JF @@ -247,7 +244,9 @@ City, on fruit of CGMCC -3.25212). +3.25212) + +. @@ -256,7 +255,7 @@ City, on fruit of Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated set of nucleotides from five loci indicated that - + Colletotrichum chinensis nested in the clade of @@ -359,13 +358,12 @@ had been reported from Juglans regia -L -. as new species in +L. as new species in China ( Zhang et al. 2023 ). Thus, - + Colletotrichum chinensis was identified as a new species in this study, which caused anthracnose of diff --git a/data/71/1F/66/711F661DFF90FF9FFF90FE61FEFDDE21.xml b/data/71/1F/66/711F661DFF90FF9FFF90FE61FEFDDE21.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..63757cd6e05 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/71/1F/66/711F661DFF90FF9FFF90FE61FEFDDE21.xml @@ -0,0 +1,644 @@ + + + +A new dyrosaurid crocodyliform from the Palaeocene of Morocco and a phylogenetic analysis of Dyrosauridae + + + +Author + +Jouve, Stéphane + + + +Author + +Iarochène, Mohamed + + + +Author + +Bouya, Baâdi + + + +Author + +Amaghzaz, Mbarek + +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica + + +2005 + +50 + + +3 + + +581 +594 + + + +journal article +1732-2421 + + + + + + +Arambourgisuchus khouribgaensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + +Etymology +: Khouribga (place name), referring to the city near the +type +locality. + + + + +Holotype + +: +OCP +DEK−GE 300 +( +Figs. 2 +, +5 +–7), a nearly complete crushed skull, lacking the anterior part of the rostrum. Originally preserved in a phosphatic block, it has been mechanically prepared on both sides. It is very crushed and dorsoventrally flattened from the anterior level of the palatine to its posterior end. Some sutures are hardly visible, but almost all the bones can be reconstituted. All the measurements are taken for the +holotype +. + + + +Type locality and horizon +: The phosphate mine of Sidi Chenane, in the Ouled Abdoun Basin, +Morocco +; from the “couche (bed) 2a”, Thanetian (Palaeocene). + + +Diagnosis +.—Dyrosaurid with about 20 to 21 robust but sharp teeth on the upper tooth row (on each ramus); teeth moderately elongated, with a posterior carina which ends before reaching the base of the teeth (not in the more posterior teeth), buccal and lingual surface smooth or lightly striated; interfenestral bar very narrow (sagittal crest); supraoccipital, with parietal, tapers posteriorly between the two occipital tuberosities; occipital tuberosities well developed, and dorsoventrally flattened; suture between basioccipital and exoccipital (posteriorly to basioccipital tuberosities) deeply within a groove; mandibular symphysis long, wider than high in its median part, and ending posteriorly at the level of the sixteenth tooth; splenials end dorsally between the level of the tenth and the eleventh tooth. Differs from + +Dyrosaurus + +in having less numerous, and more massive teeth, a narrower interfenestral bar, a posterior wall of the supratemporal fenestra very inclined dorsally, the occipital tuberosities dorsoventrally flattened, and the supraoccipital which tapers posteriorly; from + +Congosaurus + +in having a longer snout, more massive and more widely separated teeth; from + +Hyposaurus + +in having a longer snout, and more massive teeth, more ventrally projected basioccipital tuberosities, and the supraoccipital which tapers posteriorly; from + +Rhabdognathus + +in having more ventrally projected basioccipital tuberosities, the occipital tuberosities dorsoventrally flattened, and the supraoccipital which tapers posteriorly. + + +Material +.—In addition to the +holotype +there are: + + +OCP DEK−GE 18 ( +Fig. 3 +). An almost complete skull, with mandible. The skull is crushed, and the occipital part is strongly damaged. In the left ramus of the mandible the posterior part is missing a little behind the end of the mandibular symphysis; the right mandible is badly preserved. + + + +OCP DEK−GE 269. A posterior part of a mandibular symphysis with five or six tooth alveoli on each side. + +100 mm + + + +Fig. 2. + +Arambourgisuchus khouribgaensis + +gen. et sp. nov. +, OCP DEK−GE 300, Sidi Chenane, Morocco, late Palaeocene, skull in dorsal ( +A +) and ventral ( +B +) views. + + +quadratojugal postorbital jugal orbit tooth splenial + + +Fig. 3. + +Arambourgisuchus khouribgaensis + +gen. et sp. nov. +, OCP DEK−GE 18, Sidi Chenane, Morocco, late Palaeocene, skull and mandible in dorsal view. Photograph ( +A +) and explanatory drawing of the same ( +B +). + + +OCP DEK−GE 1200. The anteriormost portion of a mandibular symphysis exposed in ventral view. + +Description + + +Cranial openings. +—The external nares are poorly preserved. They seem large, dorsally directed, and surrounded by the premaxillae only. + +The orbits are rounded, dorsolaterally oriented, bordered posterolaterally by a prominent anterolateral postorbital process typical of dyrosaurids. + +The supratemporal fenestrae are longer (about +17 cm +) than wide (about +6 cm +), separated medially by a very narrow interfenestral bar constituted by the frontal (for about one fifth) and in a major part by the parietal ( +Figs. 2A +, +4A +). The fenestra appears to be bordered laterally more by the postorbital than by the squamosal. The posterior margin is constituted for about the same proportion by squamosal and parietal. + + + +The infratemporal fenestra is not preserved, but can be reconstructed after the +holotype +( +OCP +DEK−GE 300 +; +Figs. 2A +, +4A +). It is anteriorly limited by the postorbital bar, constituted half by the postorbital and jugal, this latter constituting the major part of the ventral margin. The quadratojugal borders the posterior margin, constitutes the posterior part of the dorsal edge, excluding the quadrate from the dorsal margin. It participates for a small length to the ventral edge + +. + +The temporal canal, wider than high, is largely surrounded by the parietal (two third), with the squamosal contributing to its lateral margin. + +The suborbital fenestra is formed medially by the palatine and the pterygoid, posterolaterally by the ectopterygoid, and anterolaterally by the maxilla ( +Figs. 2B +, +4B +). The medial and lateral edges are curved, and the most posterior part is acute and bears the ectopterygoid−pterygoid suture. + + +The choanae are deep, ventrally oriented (slightly caudally), and separated by a pterygoidian septum ( +Figs. 2B +, +4B +). They are largely surrounded by the pterygoid, only the most anterior border being formed by the palatine. The choanae are not very abruptly pierced within the pterygoids: the choanae lie within a depression on the ventral pterygoidal surface. The depression extends posterolaterally on to the lateral branch of the pterygoid, tapering before the pterygoid contacts the ectopterygoid. Thus, the choanal margin is not abrupt. + + +On the occipital face, the parietal forms the dorsomedial quarter of the posttemporal fenestra ( +Fig. 5 +). The squamosal contributes to it dorsolaterally (less than the lateral half), and very slightly to the ventrolateral margin. The supraoccipital constitutes a small part of the ventral margin of the posttemporal fenestra (the rest formed by exoccipital), but constitutes the major part of this same margin to contact the squamosal more deeply within the posttemporal fenestra (excluding the exoccipital) ( +Fig. 5 +). + + + +Fig. 4. + +Arambourgisuchus khouribgaensis + +gen. et sp. nov. +, reconstruction of skull in dorsal ( +A +) and ventral ( +B +) views. + + + +Premaxilla +.—The premaxilla is only preserved on OCP DEK−GE 18 ( +Fig. 3 +). It is crushed, but its general shape can be reconstructed. Only the three first right teeth are preserved, but four teeth seem to have existed on each premaxilla. The first tooth is smaller than the two other, and a deep concavity is present between the first and the second. The second tooth is larger, but less than the third tooth which seems to be the largest (apparently confirmed by the large space between the second and third mandibular tooth). The fourth premaxillary tooth is not preserved on the skull of OCP DEK−GE 18, but the space between its third and fourth mandibular teeth is short (as in OCP DEK−GE 1200), implying the fourth tooth would have been the smallest. The space between the fourth and the first maxillary tooth is large, dues to the large size of the fourth dentary tooth, and the premaxilla−maxilla suture is at this level on the lateral surface of the snout. + + +The dorsal posterior process of the premaxilla is long and ends posteriorly at the level of the third maxillary tooth ( +Fig. 3 +). + + +Maxilla +.—The number of teeth on each maxilla can be estimated to about 17 ( +Fig. 3 +). The snout is relatively narrow, slender, and exhibits a longirostrine +type +morphology ( +Figs. 2–4 +). The maxilla is relatively sculptured laterally compared to other skull area, with longitudinal deep ridges and furrows. + + +The alveoli are well developed, circular, with their base in relief and very marked ventrally ( +Fig. 2B +). They are largely spaced (interalveolar space larger than the alveoli diameter for the teeth anterior to the thirteenth one), diameter and space decreasing posteriorly from the thirteenth tooth. + +The maxilla is laterally straight, and the tooth row does not display a festooned outline in dorsal view. Occlusal pits are present from the space between the twelfth and thirteenth right maxillary alveoli, and between the thirteenth and fourteenth left alveoli. These pits, lined with the alveoli tooth row, increase in depth posteriorly. Anteriorly, the space between the right and left alveoli is large (twice the diameter of the alveoli) and increases posteriorly. + +The contact with the palatines is expected between the level of the eleventh and twelfth maxillary alveoli (OCP DEK−GE 300; +Fig. 4B +). The maxilla contacts the ectopterygoid medially, and ends ventrally on the jugal. Dorsally, the maxillae are separated by the nasal. + + +Nasal +.—The nasal is a single bone (the two nasals are fused), ornamented with only discrete and sparse furrows. It is narrow between the maxillae, and its anterior process penetrates deeply between the posterior premaxillae processes, but terminates +7 cm +(in OCP DEK−GE 18) posterior to the external nares, which it does not reach ( +Fig. 3 +). The nasal is narrow anteriorly between the maxillae, with a constant width from the posterior contact with the premaxillae to the anterior contact with the lacrimals. Then, it widens posteriorly and finally sends a long posterior process between frontal and prefrontal ( +Fig. 4 +). + + + +Fig. 5. + +Arambourgisuchus khouribgaensis + +gen. et sp. nov. +, OCP DEK−GE 300, Sidi Chenane, Morocco, late Palaeocene, detail of the right posttemporal fenestra in posterior view. Photograph ( +A +) and explanatory drawing of the same ( +B +). + + + +Prefrontal +.—Only the right prefrontal is preserved (on OCP DEK−GE 300; +Fig. 2A +), almost complete (the most anterior part is absent). It is short, narrow and longer than wide ( +Figs. 2A +, +4A +). Dorsally, the contact with the frontal is as long as its contact with the nasal. + + +Lacrimal +.—The right lacrimal of specimen OCP DEK−GE 18 is well preserved ( +Fig. 3 +), and is well anteriorly expanded, reaching the level of the tenth maxillary tooth. Its ornamentation is very light, with some shallow pits. It is large, and forms the anterior margin of the orbit. + + +Frontal +.—It extends anteriorly within the nasal as far as the prefrontal, and its width, at the orbital level appears moderate ( +Figs. 2A +, +4A +). Its lateral extension is short, and contacts the postorbital to constitute the postorbital bar. Posteromedially, at the angle between the postorbital bar and the interfenestral bar, the frontal forms a very light dorsal overhang within the supratemporal fenestra. Ventrally, and below this overhang, the frontal contacts an extremely laterally elongated laterosphenoid in a flat lateroventral extension. Posteromedially, the frontal takes part in the narrow interfenestral bar ( +1 cm +width), since its total proportion is about one−fifth of the total length ( +Figs. 2A +, +4A +). + +The frontal is smooth, without ornamentation, with only three medial grooves between the orbits. + +Parietal +.—The interfenestral bar, formed by the frontal and the parietal, decreases in width just posteriorly to the contact between these two bones: the width, which reached +1 cm +anteriorly, is only 0.5 cm in width posterior to the suture (OCP DEK−GE 300; +Figs. 2A +, +4A +). Anteroventrally, its contact with the laterosphenoid is visible, with a long anterior process between the frontal and the laterosphenoid, reducing the contact between these two bones. + + +Ventrally, the parietal−laterosphenoid suture appears parallel to the skull roof. Posteriorly, the interfenestral bar is broken and separated from the occipital part of the skull. In the angle between the interfenestral bar and the posttemporal bar (formed by the parietal and squamosal), the parietal sends an anterodorsal overhang into the supratemporal fenestra. This overhang is more developed than the anterior one, beginning laterally about +1 cm +medial to the squamosal−parietal suture, and appears to end rapidly in the interfenestral bar. The posterior wall of the supratemporal fenestra is very inclined posteriorly, and is largely visible in dorsal view ( +Figs. 2A +, +4A +). The parietal−quadrate suture, visible in dorsal view on the posterior wall of the supratemporal fenestra, continues in the same direction as the parietal−laterosphenoid suture. It extends dorsally to join the squamosal−quadrate suture at the same level (in the right supratemporal fenestra) or slightly below the temporal canal (in the left supratemporal fenestra), about +1 cm +laterally to the temporal canal. The ventral squamosal−parietal suture joins the temporal canal in its most lateral part, continues dorsally to this one (crosses the temporal canal medially, in its one−third dorsomedial part), and continues in a vertical direction (with zigzag). + + +The parietal is not ornamented on either the interfenestral bar or on the posterior skull roof. It contributes to half of the posterior wall of the supratemporal fenestra, and tapers posteromedially with a strong and acute process in the occipital face between the occipital tuberosities. The dorsal surface of this process is posteroventrally inclined, and the supraoccipital forms its ventrooccipital part ( +Fig. 6 +). + + +Postorbital +.—It is badly preserved on OCP DEK−GE 18 ( +Fig. 3 +), and extremely fractured in OCP DEK−GE 300 ( +Fig. 2A +). The postorbital bar, comprised of the postorbital and the jugal, seems to be gently concave medially. It was probably inclined ventrolaterally, not ornamented, mediolaterally flat and longer than wide. + + +The postorbital is the most important part of the lateral arcade of the supratemporal fenestra ( +Figs. 2A +, +4A +, 7). It appears dorsally and laterally ornamented with spaced pits, contacts the squamosal posteriorly, and the quadratojugal posteroventrally. It seems to participate largely to the dorsal margin of the infratemporal fenestra (Fig. 7). Anteriorly, it bears a robust lateral process, directed anteroventrally, and ornamented with deep furrows, which seems to contact the ventral margin of the orbit (jugal) ( +Figs. 3 +, +4A +). + + +Squamosal +.—The squamosal forms the posterolateral part of the supratemporal fenestra. It is relatively narrow at the level of the posttemporal bar (1.5 cm in its minimum anteroposterior length) ( +Fig. 2A +). Weakly high in the posterior wall of the supratemporal fenestra, it constitutes the major part of the dorsal border of the temporal canal. It contacts the postorbital anterolaterally, but is separated from the quadratojugal by the quadrate. It takes part in the dorsal part of the external ear, and sends an important squamosal wing roofing the external otic aperture (Fig. 7). Posterior to the ear, the squamosal constitutes a long and high blade sinking deeply beneath the skull roof and forms the anterior wall of the paroccipital process. The paroccipital process extends more ventrally than the level of the skull roof. + + + +Fig. 6. + +Arambourgisuchus khouribgaensis + +gen. et sp. nov. +, OCP DEKGE 300, Sidi Chenane, Morocco, late Palaeocene, skull in occipital view. Photograph ( +A +) and explanatory drawing of the same ( +B +). + + + +In occipital view, the squamosal contributes dorsolaterally to the posttemporal fenestra (less than the lateral half), and to a small lateral part of the occipital tuberosity. It contributes to a small part to the occipital face, and more posteriorly, it participates in the dorsal edge of the paroccipital process, ending before the extremity one of the process ( +Fig. 6 +). + + +Jugal +.—Very fragmentary ( +Fig. 2A +), the jugal forms the lateroventral edge of the orbit, and the ventral part of the postorbital pillar ( +Fig. 4A +). There is no lateral jugal edge raised bordering this pillar, and the postorbital pillar is not laterally in continuity with the lateral edge of the jugal. The postorbital bar is displaced medially and is not laterally in alignment with the lateral jugal edge. The base of the postorbital pillar is completely pierced by a foramen, anteroposteriorly directed. Apparently, the posterior aperture of this foramen is situated on the external face of the postorbital pillar. Posteriorly, the internal part of the jugal is exposed and exhibits a deep and long groove, including two distinct foramina ( +Fig. 2A +). + + +The jugal is laterally ornamented with spaced deep pits. Posteriorly, it is high, slightly convex dorsally, lateromedially narrow and ends just before the quadratojugal lateral notch (see below). Anteriorly, it reaches the level of the anterior process of the prefrontal ( +Figs. 3 +, +4A +). + + +Quadratojugal +.—It is well developed, and contributes to the jaw joint for one quarter ( +Fig. 2 +). It is laterally straight, and extends slightly ventrally in its posterior portion. A deep lateral notch just before the articulation marks off the jaw joint segment (preserved on the right quadratojugal). Medially, the contact with the jugal is long, and the space between the quadratojugal and the ectopterygoid is small on the jugal ( +2 cm +). + +The quadratojugal constitutes the posterior edge of the infratemporal fenestra, and forms a part of its dorsal margin (Fig. 7). Dorsolaterally, it is separated from the squamosal by the quadrate (there is no contact with the squamosal). + +Supraoccipital +.—It is a small bone, “V” shaped in posterior view, which contributes to the posteromedial occipital process with the parietal ( +Figs. 2A +, +4A +, +6 +). It forms the medioventral mid part of the posttemporal fenestra, posteriorly on the occipital tuberosity, but contacts the squamosal one centimeter anteriorly, within the posttemporal fenestra ( +Fig. 5 +). It does not seem to contribute to the occipital tuberosities. + + +Exoccipital +.—They form the main part of the occipital face, contributing laterally to the occipital condyle (each exoccipital constitutes to one third of the half width), and almost completely surround the foramen magnum (three−quarter) ( +Fig. 6 +). Dorsally, they form the occipital tuberosities, which are well developed, dorsoventrally flattened, and posteriorly directed under the posttemporal fenestra. Laterally, they constitute the main part of the robust paroccipital process, and surround dorsally, medially and ventrally to the cranio−quadrate canal. The paroccipital process is flat, composed of the exoccipital and squamosal, and its posterior extremity is quadrangular. + + +Ventrally, the exoccipitals contribute posterolaterally, one−third to each basioccipital tuberosity in a very broad ventral process ( +Figs. 2B +, +4B +, +6B +). The suture between the basioccipital and the exoccipital, posteriorly to the basioccipital tuberosities, lay deeply in a cavity. + + +The foramen for nerve XII is small and laterally directed on the exoccipital. The vagus foramen and posterior carotid foramen are situated anterior to the foramen for nerve XII, and directed ventroposteriorly ( +Fig. 6 +). + + +Basioccipital +.—It constitutes the main part of the occipital condyle, which is very wide. Its anterior part (basioccipital tuberosities) is not strongly projected ventrally and therefore does not proceed ventrally to the occipital condyle in occipital view ( +Fig. 6 +). The area between the basioccipital tuberosities and the occipital condyle is gently curved dorsally, almost horizontally oriented. In ventral view, the posterior margin of the basioccipital tuberosities is concave anteriorly, relatively thin in its medial part (just behind the medial eustachian foramen), with a small medial ridge posteriorly to the medial eustachian foramen ( +Figs. 2B +, +4B +). The anteroposterior thinness of the medial part of the basioccipital, posterior to the medial eustachian foramen, separates the two basioccipital tuberosities, each one having a “drop” shape in ventral view ( +Figs. 2B +, +4B +). + +laterosphenoid parietal frontal postorbital postorbital bar jugal ectopterygoid + +Basisphenoid +.—It seems to enclose completely the medial eustachian foramen, but the limit between basioccipital and basisphenoid cannot be seen. The bone is narrow laterally to the medial eustachian foramen, with a lateral “pinching” ( +Figs. 2B +, +4B +). + + +Quadrate +.—It is long, posteroventrally directed, and forms the jaw joint with the quadratojugal ( +Figs. 2A +, +4 +). In the supratemporal fenestra, it contacts the squamosal lateral to the temporal canal. Anterolaterally, it slips in between the squamosal and the quadratojugal by a thin anterior process that contacts the postorbital. Anteriorly, on its ventral face, the quadrate bears a small crest at its mid width, which probably corresponds to the “crest B” of +Iordansky (1964 +, +1967 +, +1973 +). + + +Palatine +.—The palatines are very crushed ( +Fig. 2B +). They seem enlarged and curved laterally before contacting the maxillae anteriorly. This contact, dues to the bad preservation, is not available. Its posterior border seems flattened, enlarged posteriorly and deviates laterally before joining the pterygoid (lateral border of the palatine not parallel, but laterally curved anteriorly and posteriorly, medial border of suborbital fenestra medially curved). The contact with the pterygoid is not clearly visible, but it seems to form only the anterior part of the choanae ( +Fig. 4B +). + + +Ectopterygoid +.—The left ectopterygoid is well preserved ( +Fig. 2B +). It is wide and twisted between its contacts with the jugal and the pterygoid. It curves gently anteriorly to form the posterolateral part of the suborbital fenestra ( +Fig. 4B +). The posterior process is wide, decreasing posteriorly, and covers the pterygoid almost as far as its posterior extremity occipital tuberosities exoccipital squamosal quadrate quadratojugal Fig. 7. + +Arambourgisuchus khouribgaensis + +gen. et sp. nov. +, OCP DEK−GE 300, Sidi pterygoid Chenane, +Morocco +, late Palaeocene, detail of the left posterior part of the skull in left lateral view. Photograph ( +A +) and explanatorus transiliens + + +tory drawing of the same ( +B +). + + +( +Fig. 2B +). Its contact with the maxilla seems short, whereas that with the jugal is long. + + +Pterygoid +.—The pterygoids are damaged ( +Fig. 2B +), but their shape can be trace out. Anteriorly, they almost completely surround the choanae. A septum, formed by the pterygoids separates the choanae in two openings ( +Fig. 4B +). + + +The pterygoids diverge posterolateraly to form two lateral wings in contact with the ectopterygoid. In front and anterolaterally to the choanae, they seem flattened and enlarged laterally; they are anteroposteriorly narrow between the choanae and their contact with the ectopterygoids ( +Fig. 4B +). Contact with the ectopterygoid is small, and increases rapidly lateroposteriorly with the increase of the anteroposterior length of the pterygoid wing. The lateral part of this wing is extremely thickened dorsoventrally to form a strong +torus transiliens +, with a very important anterior thickening, decreasing progressively posteriorly (Fig. 7). + + +Laterosphenoid +.—Anteriorly, it is laterally expanded ventrally to the frontal, and its anterior margin is lateromedially directed ( +Figs. 2A +, +4A +). The posterior part is dorsoventrally crushed, and its shape is hardly distinguished ( +Fig. 2 +). Suture with the frontal and parietal (in continuity) seems horizontal, parallel to the skull roof (dorsal limit of the interfenestral bar). + + +Mandible +.—Two isolated mandibular fragments have been found, one anterior, preserved from the first to the twelfth tooth (OCP DEK−GE 1200; +Fig 8A +), and a more posterior part, including the eleventh to the sixteenth teeth (OCP DEK−GE 269; +Fig. 8B, C +). Unfortunately, only a small part of its posterior branch is preserved on the specimen OCP DEK−GE 300, but too poorly preserved to be interpreted. The first tooth is relatively robust ( +Fig. 8A +), the second alveolus smaller, and the space between it and the third one is greater than between the other. The third tooth is about the same size as the second, and it is near the very enlarged fourth. This one has its alveolar edge higher dorsally. The next alveoli seem relatively regular in their spacing and diameter. + + +Table 1. Measurements of the skull of different dyrosaurids. Abbreviations: DL, dorsal length of the skull; PreoL, preorbital length; R, ration, preorbital length/dorsal length. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DL (cm)PreoL (cm)R (PreSL/DL)
+ +R. rarus + +73.153.473.05
+ +D. phosphaticus + +1047572.12
+ +A. khouribgaensis + +10071.571.50
+ +P. gavialoides + +1077267.29
+ +S. ianwilsoni + +60.139.766.06
+ +H. rogersii + +42.928.265.73
+ + +The mandible is wider than high ( +Figs. 3 +, +8B, C +), lacks festooned outlines, and there are occlusal pits posterior to the fifteenth teeth (OCP DEK−GE 269; +Fig. 8B +). + + +The symphysis ends posteriorly at the level of the sixteenth tooth, and the splenial ends anteriorly between the tenth and the eleventh ( +Fig. 3 +). + + +Teeth +.—They are robust, not very slender, but relatively sharp, with posterior carinae which ends before the base of the teeth, when the anterior one reaches the base. The superficial striae are variably present on some of the teeth, and are absent or weak. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/73/31/E6/7331E637FFE30160FEBD8462FDEDFBE3.xml b/data/73/31/E6/7331E637FFE30160FEBD8462FDEDFBE3.xml index ac3457f0f0b..d0e1dcaba73 100644 --- a/data/73/31/E6/7331E637FFE30160FEBD8462FDEDFBE3.xml +++ b/data/73/31/E6/7331E637FFE30160FEBD8462FDEDFBE3.xml @@ -1,47 +1,46 @@ - - - -A new species of Ptiloglossa from Mexico, with new records of Ptiloglossa cyaniventris from Panama and Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) + + + +A new species of Ptiloglossa from Mexico, with new records of Ptiloglossa cyaniventris from Panama and Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Ayala, Ricardo -Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, Jalisco, 48980, México (rayala @ ib. unam. mx). +Ayala, Ricardo +Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, Jalisco, 48980, México (rayala @ ib. unam. mx). - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-06-30 + +2014 + +2014-06-30 - -2014 + +35 - -35 - - -1 -13 + +1 +13 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E9B2638C-8F4C-4C64-93EA-4C7C524BDC51 +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i35.4759 +2325-4467 +13620533 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E9B2638C-8F4C-4C64-93EA-4C7C524BDC51 @@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 1–8 +Figs. 1–8 ) @@ -80,25 +79,25 @@ DIAGNOSIS: The new species is similar in appearance to Moure but may be distinguished in females by the vertex, upper frons, and mesosoma with dark pubescence ( -Figs. 3 +Figs. 3 , -8 +8 ); gena with whitish pubescence ( -Fig. 8 +Fig. 8 ); metasomal terga II–IV with moderately dense yellow pubescence ( -Fig. 8 +Fig. 8 ), integument with noticeable greenish highlights. Males can be recognized by the combination of a projected clypeus with the upper discal area prominent ( -Figs. 2 +Figs. 2 ); short ocellocular distance ( -Fig. 2 +Fig. 2 ), metatibia widest apically at level of fused spur; fused metatibial spur wide and flat proximally, then projecting apically ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); and the metasomal terga with apical bands of yellow pubescence ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ). - + Figures 2–4. Photographs of @@ -124,7 +123,7 @@ DESCRIPTION: 21 mm ; forewing length 15.5 mm. Mandible reddish brown with apex darker, relatively straight, slightly longer than lower interocular distance. Malar space short, much less than basal mandibular width, less than diameter of first flagellomere. Labrum, clypeus, and scape yellow; labrum prominent medially, rounded, smooth; clypeus projected, prominent in upper part, flattened, upper discal area with a medial depression, integument shiny, finely and faintly imbricate, pubescence confined to lateral areas. Clypeo-ocular distance short; lower paraocular area with yellowish pubescence, including interantennal area, contrasting with interocellar area where setae have darkened apices; vertex with fuscous setae. Scape with yellowish brown at extreme apex, scape reaching upper margin of median ocellus; pedicel and first flagellomere reddish brown, remainder of flagellum dark reddish brown. Compound eyes strongly convergent above; vertex below tangent of upper margin of compound eyes; ocellocular space narrow, less than half diameter of first flagellomere; posterior interocellar distance only slightly shorter than ocellar diameter; distance from ocelli and posterior margin of vertex distinctly greater ocellar diameter; posterior margin of vertex strongly convex in dorsal view; distance from posterior border of compound eye to occiput short, less than ocellar diameter. Gena with yellowish setae, lighter than those on face. - + Figures 5–7. Male terminalia of @@ -144,16 +143,16 @@ Ventral view of genital capsule. Mesosoma with dark brown to light yellowish brown pubescence, setae with darkened reddish apices, pleura similar to nota but sternal areas of mesosoma medially with setae shorter and slightly more sparse. Tegula yellowish brown, translucent. Wing membranes hyaline, slightly tinged color of parchment; veins brown to dark brown. Legs with fulvous to brown integument; fore- and midlegs with yellowish brown pubescence; mesofemur with darker integument in basal half; metafemur with dark brown setae on outer surface, with paler setae towards posterior; mesotibia with dark setae on outer and posterior surfaces, inner anterior margin with yellow setae; mesotibia gradually widened apically, maximal width at level of fushed outer metatibial spur ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); outer metatibial spur broad and flattened proximally, then tapering quickly and apically projected ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); wide space between base of spur and apical articulation of metatibia ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); inner metatibial spur thin and longer than fused outer metatibial spur; metabasitarsus with dark setae on posterior margin, remainder of surface with reddish brown setae; metabasitarsus flattened, with a rounded angle along anterior margin near base ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); remainder of metatarsomeres with integument and pubescence brown. Lateral surfaces of propodeum with long setae with darkened apices; basal area of propodeum very finely and faintly imbricate, shiny. - + Figure 8. Lateral photograph of female of @@ -167,7 +166,7 @@ Lateral photograph of female of First metasomal tergum with long brown hairs on upper surface, such setae frequently with darkened apices; tergum I with long setae on discal area frequently paler than those elsewhere; terga I–V with dark brown integument, medially on terga II and III sometimes with narrow, transverse area of lighter brown; terga II–V with golden yellow to golden greenish highlights, such highlights more intense toward margins and laterally; apical margins of terga II–IV hyaline; terga II–IV apically with bands of short, suberect to appressed, simple, yellow setae, contrasting with darker setae on remainder of surface ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ); terga with longer, whitish setae along lateral extremities; terga V and VI with longer, more erect, branched, dark fuscous setae, except apically on tergum V some whitish, shorter, branched setae apically near margin; sterna I–IV with whitish, erect, branched setae, matching those on lateral extremities of corresponding terga I–II; sterna V and VI with fuscous setae; sternum VI medially extended to an acutely rounded point, gently elevated medio-longitudinally toward apical point (however, not strongly ridged or carinate), this area with dense fuscous setae, laterally with prominent, ventrally-pointed, dentiform projections. Hidden sterna VII and VIII and genitalia as in figures 5–7. @@ -181,7 +180,7 @@ First metasomal tergum with long brown hairs on upper surface, such setae freque Mesosoma with dark fuscous pubescence, only paler to whitish on metanotum and propodeum, those pale setae of metanotum with fuscous apices. Legs dark brown to reddish brown, setae generally dark fuscous to dark reddish; mesofemur with whitish setae on posterior surface; metafemoral and metatibial scopal setae whitish, remainder of pubescence dark fuscous outer surfaces, more reddish brown on inner surfaces. Tegula brown to reddish brown, semitranslucent. Wing membranes and veins as described for male; second submarginal cell narrowed anteriorly, anterior border well-defined, length less than one-third length of anterior border of third submarginal cell. Basal area of propodeum finely imbricate. Metasomal integument dark reddish brown to dark brown, integument of terga I–IV with golden yellow metallic luster, weaker in basal halves. Setae of tergum I long, dense tufts laterally, with a small dark spot; terga II–IV with short, suberect to appressed, yellow pubescence of uniform size in apical halves, resulting in banded appearance ( -Fig. 8 +Fig. 8 ) owing to more fuscous setae basally and dark underlying integument; lateral areas of terga II–V with tufts of long setae, less dense than those on tergum I; terga V–VI with black integument and pubescence, such setae longer and more erect; sterna I–V with reddish brown to dark brown in apical halves, more fulvous to reddish brown basally; setae of sterna I–IV or V reddish brown, those of sterna VI and sometimes V dark fuscous, hooked setae laterally on sterna II–IV more reddish. diff --git a/data/73/31/E6/7331E637FFE6016CFE2C86EEFC92FDA3.xml b/data/73/31/E6/7331E637FFE6016CFE2C86EEFC92FDA3.xml index 1aac27f6ecd..0ebf6b5c63f 100644 --- a/data/73/31/E6/7331E637FFE6016CFE2C86EEFC92FDA3.xml +++ b/data/73/31/E6/7331E637FFE6016CFE2C86EEFC92FDA3.xml @@ -1,47 +1,46 @@ - - - -A new species of Ptiloglossa from Mexico, with new records of Ptiloglossa cyaniventris from Panama and Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) + + + +A new species of Ptiloglossa from Mexico, with new records of Ptiloglossa cyaniventris from Panama and Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Ayala, Ricardo -Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, Jalisco, 48980, México (rayala @ ib. unam. mx). +Ayala, Ricardo +Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, Jalisco, 48980, México (rayala @ ib. unam. mx). - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-06-30 + +2014 + +2014-06-30 - -2014 + +35 - -35 - - -1 -13 + +1 +13 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E9B2638C-8F4C-4C64-93EA-4C7C524BDC51 +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i35.4759 +2325-4467 +13620533 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E9B2638C-8F4C-4C64-93EA-4C7C524BDC51 @@ -57,7 +56,7 @@ Friese ( -Figs. 9–14 +Figs. 9–14 ) @@ -85,19 +84,19 @@ DIAGNOSIS: Males of cyaniventris are quite characteristic for the black integument of the metasoma with strong dark metallic blue highlights ( -Fig. 9 +Fig. 9 ), which may be slightly greenish or blue-green on the terga; a long and thin metatibia with dark brown to nearly black integument ( -Figs. 9 +Figs. 9 , -11 +11 ), contrasting with the color of pubescence on area facial and mesosoma that is mostly ochraceous to yellow ochre; the shape of the fused metatibial spur ( -Fig. 11 +Fig. 11 ); a long metabasitarsus with anterior ridge elevated along its length, producing a narrow anterior-facing surface and wider, slightly depressed outer surface; compound eyes strongly converging above ( -Fig. 10 +Fig. 10 ); the vertex set below the upper tangent of the compound eyes in facial view ( -Fig. 10 +Fig. 10 ); and the form of the male terminalia ( -Figs. 12–14 +Figs. 12–14 ). @@ -106,18 +105,18 @@ are quite characteristic for the black integument of the metasoma with strong da DESCRIPTION: ♂ : Total body length 17.6–20.3 mm; forewing length 13.1–16.1 mm. Mandible reddish brown with apex black ( -Fig. 10 +Fig. 10 ), straight, as long as lower interocular distance ( -Fig. 10 +Fig. 10 ). Malar space short, much shorter than basal mandibular width. Labrum and clypeus yellow ( -Fig. 10 +Fig. 10 ); labrum smooth with rounded surface. Clypeus projected, with discal area relatively flat to slightly depressed ( -Fig. 10 +Fig. 10 ). Compound eyes strongly converging above ( -Fig. 10 +Fig. 10 ). Ocellocular distance extremely short, similar to posterior interocellar distance, narrower than minimum width of first flagellomere; interocellar posterior distance shorter than an ocellar diameter. Vertex below upper tangent of compound eyes in facial view; ocelli situated below level of vertex in facial view. Occipital margin posterior to ocelli strongly depressed. Facial and genal pubescence yellow, setae of vertex fuscous, upper frons intermingled with yellow and fuscous setae. - + Figure 9. Lateral photograph of a more yellowish male of @@ -130,10 +129,10 @@ from Panama. Mesosoma with integument dark reddish brown to nearly black in some places; pubescence generally yellow ocher to ochraceous, most specimens with setae of mesoscutum with apices darkened. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum strongly punctate, more so on mesoscutum, punctures separated by a puncture width or less; basal area of propodeum medially faintly imbricate, impunctate, and shiny, laterally surface more prominently imbricate and similar to lateral surfaces of propodeum, laterally surface may be weakly transversely striate, such striae never extend into medial third of disc. Forelegs largely yellow to orangish brown on outer surfaces and paler so on lateral and inner surfaces; midlegs dark brown to nearly black, with lighter areas of yellow to yellow brown on inner surfaces, metatarsus lighter; hind legs largely dark reddish brown to nearly black; metatibia and metabasitarsus elongate; metafemur whitish pubescence, otherwise setae lightly fuscous to black; fused outer metatibial spur elongate, subtriangular proximally, narrow and acute at apex, distally curved ( -Fig. 11 +Fig. 11 ), inner margin without serrations and with single margin; anterior surface of metatibia with a abundant, fuscous, erect, plumose setae, such setae a little longer than width of metatibia; metabasitarsus with an anterior edge elevated along length, delimiting distinct, narrow anterior-facing surface from wider outer surface (itself distinct from the inner surface bearing the dense, thickened, stiff, apicall-directed, simple setae). - + Figures 10–11. Photographs of more yellowish male of @@ -344,7 +343,7 @@ sp. . - + Figures 12–14. Male terminalia of diff --git a/data/7D/72/E3/7D72E34CE842B03AFE84FEBD31A2FB3C.xml b/data/7D/72/E3/7D72E34CE842B03AFE84FEBD31A2FB3C.xml index 926d633c055..bedc6e3a852 100644 --- a/data/7D/72/E3/7D72E34CE842B03AFE84FEBD31A2FB3C.xml +++ b/data/7D/72/E3/7D72E34CE842B03AFE84FEBD31A2FB3C.xml @@ -1,42 +1,41 @@ - - - -The bee genus Caenaugochlora in Venezuela (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) + + + +The bee genus Caenaugochlora in Venezuela (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-05-12 + +2014 + +2014-05-12 - -2014 + +33 - -33 - - -1 -10 + +1 +10 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D7B1CC09-B623-4E2A-B35F-644ECEBBA136 +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i33.4725 +2325-4467 +13620567 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D7B1CC09-B623-4E2A-B35F-644ECEBBA136 - + @@ -65,9 +64,9 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 2 +Figs. 2 , -7–8 +7–8 ) @@ -84,9 +83,9 @@ DIAGNOSIS: The new species is quite similar to (Cockerell) , as both are brilliant metallic green throughout ( -Figs. 6, 7 +Figs. 6, 7 ) and have dense punctures on the mesoscutum laterally but more sparse medially ( -Fig. 8 +Fig. 8 ). However, C @@ -110,7 +109,7 @@ in pantochlora the basal area of the propodeum has irregular rugae that medially are more reticulate and not so rugoso-striate, then laterally more well-defined as rugoso-striate but relatively closely spaced and without well demarcated smooth areas between ( -Fig. 8 +Fig. 8 ), while in C @@ -150,10 +149,10 @@ DESCRIPTION: 0.96 mm . Compound eyes with fine, white ocular setae, individual setae much longer than an individual ommatidial diameter. Preoccipital ridge angled but not carinate. Pronotal lateral angle slightly obtuse, dorsal ridge carinate, lateral ridge angled but not carinate. Mesoscutum with anterior border broadly rounded, with well-defined, narrow, anterior-facing surface but not projecting over pronotum; intertegular distance 1.73 mm -. Inner metatibial spur pectinate, with four long branches, not including apical portion of rachis. Forewing with basal vein distad 1cu-a by two times vein width; first submarginal cell about as long as combined lengths of second and third submarginal cells; second submarginal cell slightly narrowed anteriorly, anterior bor- der along Rs only slightly shorter than anterior border of third submarginal cell along same vein; 1rs-m basad 1m-cu by vein width; 2rs-m distad 2m-cu by three times vein width, weakly arched. Metasoma broadly rounded, ovoid; terga not depressed; sterna unmodified. +. Inner metatibial spur pectinate, with four long branches, not including apical portion of rachis. Forewing with basal vein distad 1cu-a by two times vein width; first submarginal cell about as long as combined lengths of second and third submarginal cells; second submarginal cell slightly narrowed anteriorly, anterior border along Rs only slightly shorter than anterior border of third submarginal cell along same vein; 1rs-m basad 1m-cu by vein width; 2rs-m distad 2m-cu by three times vein width, weakly arched. Metasoma broadly rounded, ovoid; terga not depressed; sterna unmodified. Clypeus with coarse punctures separated by less than a puncture width except mediobasally more widely spaced, integument between smooth except laterally faintly and finely imbricate; supraclypeal area with smaller punctures than those of clypeus and separated by a puncture width or more medially, punctures separated by less than a puncture width laterally, integument between smooth except laterally finely imbricate; face with small punctures virutally contiguous; punctures becoming more widely spaced and fainter in ocellocular area, integument smooth to faintly imbricate; similar integument on vertex posterior to ocelli; gena generally smooth to faintly imbricate with small punctures separated by 1–3 times a puncture width, ventrally along border with postgena becoming longitudinally striate; postgena longitudinally striate along outer portions blending to strongly imbricate integument toward inner border with hypostomal fossa. Pronotum imbricate. Mesoscutum with small contiguous to nearly contiguous punctures laterally, punctures gradually becoming more spaced medially until separated by 2.5 times a puncture width or less, especially sparse medioapically, integument between punctures imbricate; tegula finely and faintly imbricate; mesoscutellum with minute punctures separated by 1.5 times a puncture width or less, integument between punctures smooth; metanotum imbricate with scattered punctures; pleura coarsely and contiguously punctured; propodeum with lateral surfaces anteriorly like that of pleura, blending posteriorly to more strongly and coarsely imbricate integument with scattered minute punctures, posterior surface faintly imbricate with scattered coarse punctures, basal area finely imbricate with irregular and closely-spaced rugae extending from base to near apex medially, such rugae clearly reticulate, laterally rugae more well defined, extending only to about two-thirds basal area length. Metasomal terga finely imbricate, with scattered minute punctures except in apical margins; sterna finely imbricate with scattered course punctures in apical halves to two-thirds. - + Figures 6–8. Female of diff --git a/data/7D/72/E3/7D72E34CE847B038FEA5FC1D33E9FEDC.xml b/data/7D/72/E3/7D72E34CE847B038FEA5FC1D33E9FEDC.xml index 56a6694b7a2..5294bcbc1c3 100644 --- a/data/7D/72/E3/7D72E34CE847B038FEA5FC1D33E9FEDC.xml +++ b/data/7D/72/E3/7D72E34CE847B038FEA5FC1D33E9FEDC.xml @@ -1,42 +1,41 @@ - - - -The bee genus Caenaugochlora in Venezuela (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) + + + +The bee genus Caenaugochlora in Venezuela (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-05-12 + +2014 + +2014-05-12 - -2014 + +33 - -33 - - -1 -10 + +1 +10 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D7B1CC09-B623-4E2A-B35F-644ECEBBA136 +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i33.4725 +2325-4467 +13620567 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D7B1CC09-B623-4E2A-B35F-644ECEBBA136 - + @@ -65,18 +64,18 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -3–5 +3–5 ) DIAGNOSIS: The new species can be recognized by the combination of its discolorous body coloration, with a deeply dark metallic purple-blue head and mesosoma contrasting with a metallic greenish golden metasoma ( -Figs. 3, 4 +Figs. 3, 4 ); a weakly carinate preoccipital ridge; a strongly imbricate basal area of the propodeum with weak, short, basal rugae ( -Fig. 5 +Fig. 5 ); and a strongly imbricate mesoscutum with small, contiguous punctures over most of its surface. @@ -114,7 +113,7 @@ DESCRIPTION: 1.60 mm ). Inner metatibial spur pectinate, with five long branches, not including apical portion of rachis. Forewing with basal vein distad 1cu-a by two times vein width; first submarginal cell slightly longer than combined lengths of second and third submarginal cells; second submarginal cell slightly narrowed anteriorly, anterior border along Rs about as a long as anterior border of third submarginal cell along same vein; 1rs-m confluent with 1m-cu; 2rs-m distinctly arched, distad 2m-cu by six times vein width. Metasoma broadly rounded, ovoid; terga not depressed; sterna unmodified. - + Figures 1–2. Facial views of @@ -149,7 +148,7 @@ from Venezuela. Clypeus with coarse, shallow punctures separated by less than a puncture width except slightly more widely spaced basally, integument between punctures imbricate; supraclypeal area with small punctures separated by less than a puncture width along borders, more widely spaced centrally, integument between punctures imbricate; face with small, contiguous punctures, such punctures becoming weaker by ocellocular area such that surface appears strongly imbricate and roughened, similar integument on vertex and upper gena; gena with small punctures separated less than a puncture width, integument between finely imbricate, ventrally along border with postgena becoming longitudinally striate; postgena impunctate and longitudinally striate along outer portions blending to strongly imbricate integument toward inner border with hypostomal fossa. Pronotum imbricate. Mesoscutum imbricate with small contiguous punctures, such punctures becoming more spaced and shallower medially around median line; mesoscutellum imbricate with small contiguous punctures; metanotum imbricate with scattered small punctures; pleura with coarse, irregular, contiguous punctures giving surface a strongly roughened appearance; lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum imbricate with scattered punctures, basal area of propodeum strongly imbricate, appearing almost granular, with weak, irregular, basal rugae. Metasomal terga imbricate with minute punctures, more finely imbricate on first tergum and apical margins; sterna finely imbricate with scattered course punctures in apical halves. Mandible dark brown; labiomaxillary complex black, with yellow brown palpi; labrum black; clypeal apex dark brown, remainder of clypeus and head dark metallic blue-purple with blue and purple highlights; scape dark brown, nearly black; flagellum dark brown except lighter on venter, particularly on apicalmost flagellomeres where coloration is nearly yellowish brown. Mesosoma dark metallic purple-blue with bluish and purple highlights; tegula semi-translucent brown; wing membranes hyaline clear, venation brown; legs dark brown with metallic purple and blue highlights except tarsi without such highlights and pro- and metacoxae metallic entirely purple. Metasoma dark brown with strong metallic greenish-golden coloration; first tergum with noticeable metallic blue highlights, particularly laterally; succeeding terga without such blue highlights except along lateral extremities; sterna dark brown without metallic highlights. - + Figures 3–5. Female of @@ -231,12 +230,11 @@ Detail of propodeum. - + ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is derived from the Greek term, elpidos -, meaning, +, meaning, “hope”. -“hope”. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/A7/39/41/A7394179B524FFD7FF56FABCC51DF854.xml b/data/A7/39/41/A7394179B524FFD7FF56FABCC51DF854.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..90f76ec01a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/A7/39/41/A7394179B524FFD7FF56FABCC51DF854.xml @@ -0,0 +1,770 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Bryodemina Hull (Diptera, Bombyliidae, Lomatiinae) with descriptions of two new Neotropical species + + + +Author + +Lamas, Carlos J. E. +Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia. Av. Nazaré, 481, 04263 - 000, Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brazil + + + +Author + +Yamaguchi, Carolina +Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia. Av. Nazaré, 481, 04263 - 000, Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brazil + + + +Author + +Evenhuis, Neal L. +0000-0002-1314-755X +neale@bishopmuseum.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-20 + + +5496 + + +3 + + +301 +331 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.1 +1175-5326 +13346739 +7629AA0F-BFCB-4D4B-BB89-8BFB0F95C2FE + + + + + + + +Bryodemina valida +(Wiedemann), 1830 + + + + + + + +( +Figs 67–82 +) + + + + + + + +Anthrax valida +Wiedemann, 1830: 636 + + +. + +Type +locality: “Oaxara in Mexikanischen” [= +Mexico +( +Oaxaca +)]; + +Hull, 1973: 316 + +. + + + + + +Anisotamia eximia +Macquart, 1850: 419 + + +(115). + +Type +locality: “ +Mexique +”; + +Hull, 1973: 316 + +. + + + + +Oncodocera valida +(Wiedemann) + +: + +Paramonov, 1930: 69 + +(419). + + + + +Ogcodocera eximia +(Macquart) + +: Painter & Painter, 1962: 62. + + + + +Ogcodocera valida +(Wiedemann) + +: Painter & Painter, 1962: 64; + +Hull, 1966: 227 + +. + + + + + +Bryodemina valida +(Wiedemann) + +: + + +Painter +et al +., 1978: 25 + + +. + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Ground color dark brown; wing hyaline with light brown infuscated area on the corner of anterior 1/3 and proximal 3/5; body covered by dark brown bristles except for large triangular patches of yellow bristles on each side of the last abdominal tergum. These yellow patches present some polymorphism on its length and may extend from tergites 2–8 or 5–7; spermathecal bulb pear-shaped. + + + + +Redescription. Male. +Body length: +12.5–22.5 mm +; Wing length: 13.3–21.0 mm; Head width: +2.7–4.5 mm +. +Head: +eyes holoptic, slightly approximate in upper ¼, posterior margin of eye sinuous, conspicuous indentation with small black triangle area, without ommatidium, on vertex; frons dark brown, gray pollinose, with long, thin dark brown bristles and dark brown scales; face glossy dark brown, gray pollinose, with yellowish spatulate white bristles; oral margin with dark brown bristles ( +Fig. 71 +); antenna dark brown gray pollinose, with base inserted on facial groove; scape cylindrical, twice as wide and long as pedicel with short, thin dark brown bristles and longer white bristles on ventral surface; pedicel with short, thin dark brown bristles; postpedicel seven times longer than pedicel, laterally compressed in dorsal view, with central longitudinal pit on inner surface; labellum oval, with short, delicate and sparse dark brown bristles; palpus short, dark brown gray pollinose, with short, thin and sparse light brown bristles; occiput dark brown, gray pollinose, with sparse short light brown bristles and whitish hyaline scales, dense short yellowish white bristles on occipital foramen margin; ocellar tubercle dark brown, gray pollinose, with proclinate long and thin dark brown bristles. +Thorax: +dorsal view ( +Fig. 67 +): scutum velvety dark brown, with long, thin dark brown bristles, longer on anterior and lateral margins, posterior margin of scutum with short, thin dark brown bristles; notopleuron gray pollinose with spatulate, medium length, light yellow bristles and dark brown bristles, row of 3 long and very strong dark brown prealar bristles and sparse, strong dark brown bristles; postalar wall with medium length and thin dark brown bristles on anterior half, medium length and thin light brown bristles laterally, row of 5–6 very long, strong dark brown bristles; scutellum light brown, with short, thin dark brown bristles, longer and stronger on posterior margin; lateral view ( +Fig. 68 +): postpronotal lobe gray pollinose, with dense, long and thin yellowish white mixed with dark brown bristles; anepisternum light brown, gray pollinose, with long, thin yellow bristles mixed with dark brown ones on upper half, long, thin dark brown bristles on lower half, denser at posterior margin; katepisternum light brown, gray pollinose with dense medium length and thin dark brown bristles; anepimeron light brown, gray pollinose with long, thin dark brown bristles on area posterior to anepimeral ridge; meron light brown, gray pollinose, bare; mediotergite light brown, gray pollinose with long, thin dark brown bristles; laterotergite light brown, gray pollinose, with long, thin dark brown bristles; metepisternum and metepimeron light brown, gray pollinose, with medium length and thin dark brown bristles; stalk of halter light brown; knob yellow. +Legs: +dark brown, gray pollinose; all coxae dark brown with gray pollinosity, with long, thin dark brown bristles; all trochanters with dark brown bristles; all femora with dark brown scales; fore and mid tibiae with longitudinal row of dark brown bristles on anterodorsal, anteroventral, posteroventral and posterodorsal surfaces; all tibiae with row of bristles around apex; tarsus with short, strong dark brown bristles, first tarsomere longer than others; pulvillus smaller than claws; fore leg: femur with row of short, strong dark brown bristles on anteroventral surface; mid leg: femur with row of strong dark brown bristles on anteroventral and 2–3 bristles on apical third of posteroventral surface; hind leg: femur with row of dark brown bristles on anteroventral, ventral and posteroventral surfaces; tibia with row of dark brown bristles on anteroventral, anterodorsal and posteroventral surfaces and spurs around apex. +Wing: +three times longer than wide, hyaline, except for light brown areas at basal costal ( +bc +) cell, costal ( +c +), basal medial ( +bm +) cell and alula; costal ( +C +) vein with dense dark brown bristles, longer near base and diminutive at posterior margin; tegula dark brown with short, thin dark brown bristles; + +R +4 + +slightly sinuate; cell + +r +5 + +closed at wing margin; +CuA +and +CuP +touching at wing margin, cell +cua +closed at wing margin; alula with medium length and thin light brown bristles on margin ( +Fig. 73 +). +Abdomen: +glossy dark brown; lateral margin of tergites with dense tuft of long, thin dark brown bristles; abdominal tergites with medium length and thin dark brown bristles, tergite 5–7 with triangular dark yellow lateral patches of thin bristles, forming longitudinal central dark brown stripe ( +Figs 67, 69 +, +87, 88 +); sternites dark brown, with dense, long and thin dark brown bristles. +Male terminalia: +dorsal view ( +Figs 74, 75 +): ejaculatory apodeme short not surpassing gonocoxal apodeme limits; distiphallus short, not surpassing apex of posterior process of gonocoxa; gonostylus conspicuously developed, inflated on posterior half, with pointed apex; ventral view ( +Fig. 76 +): gonocoxites fused, with central ridge marking line of fusion on basal ¾ of gonocoxa; apical ¼ smoothly fused without visible line; lateral view ( +Figs 77, 78 +): gonocoxa elongate; basiphallus wide and distiphallus thin with truncate apex; lateral aedeagal apodeme short, not surpassing gonocoxal apodeme margins; gonostylus elongate, pointed on apex; epandrium cap visor-shaped, with small notch on anterior margin and other 2 times deeper on posterior margin ( +Figs 79, 80 +). + + + +FIGURES 67–73. + +Bryodemina valida + +. +67. +Syntype male habitus, dorsal view; +68. +Male habitus, lateral view (Scale bar, 2.0 mm); +69. +Syntype female habitus, dorsal view; +70. +Female habitus, lateral view (Scale bar, 2.0 mm); +71. +Male head, frontal view (Scale bar, 0.5 mm); +72. +Female head, frontal view (Scale bar, 1.0 mm); +73. +Male right wing, dorsal view (Scale bar, 1.0 mm). + + + + +FIGURES 74–80. + +Bryodemina valida + +, male terminalia. +74. +Dorsal view (epandrium removed), line drawing (Scale bar, 0.2 mm); +75. +Dorsal view; +76. +Ventral view; +77. +Lateral view, line drawing (Scale bar, 0.1 mm); +78. +Lateral view; +79. +Epandrium, dorsal view, line drawing (Scale bar, 0.2 mm); +80. +Epandrium, dorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 81–82. + +Bryodemina valida + +, female terminalia. +81. +Spermathecae and furca, line drawing; +82. +Spermathecae, furca, tergite 8 and acanthophorites (tergites 9+10). + + + +Female. +Body length: 15.0–20.0 mm; Wing length: 15.1–22.0 mm; Head width: +3.2–4.5 mm +. Similar to male, except for: +Head: +eyes dichoptic; eyes separated by distance of two times ocellar tubercle width; frons dark brown, gray pollinose, with long, thin dark brown bristles except white bristles and scales closer to eye margin and on area above antennae; oral margin with white bristles ( +Fig. 72 +); scape with dorsal digitiform projection on apex; pedicel with short, thin yellowish white bristles on dorsal surface and dark brown bristles on ventral. +Thorax: +dorsal view ( +Fig. 69 +): scutum velvety dark brown, with long, thin and sparse yellow bristles; lateral view ( +Fig. 70 +): katepisternum with dense medium length and thin yellow and dark brown bristles on upper third; anepimeron with long, thin dark brown bristles on area posterior to anepimeral ridge. +Legs: +mid leg: femur with 3–4 strong dark brown bristles on apical third of posteroventral and on basal half of anteroventral surfaces. +Female terminalia: +acanthophorites (tergite 9+10) divided into two separate sclerites, 1/3 of tergite 8 length; acanthophorite spines long and spatulate, 1.5 times length of cerci ( +Fig. 82 +). +Spermathecae: +spermathecal bulb pear-shaped, 1.5 times longer than wide, two times longer than sperm pump; basal spermathecal duct thinner than apical duct; sperm pump placed at apical 1/2 of spermathecal duct, with sclerotized collars equally developed on apical and basal ends of sperm pump; furca Ushaped, with membranous base not projected; lateral bars parallel with contorted right angle median fold; bar apexes divergent and pointed upwards ( +Figs 81, 82 +). + + + + +FIGURES 83–89. +Abdomen pattern of + +Bryodemina +species + +, dorsal view. +83. + +Bry. ayalai + + +sp +. +nov. + +, male (Scale bar, 1.0 mm); +84. + +Bry. ayalai + + +sp +. +nov. + +, female (Scale bar, 0.5 mm); +85. + +Bry. enigmatica + + +sp +. +nov. + +, male (Scale bar, 1.0 mm); +86. + +Bry. fasciata + +, male (Scale bar, 1.0 mm); +87. + +Bry. valida + +, male (Scale bar, 1.0 mm); +88. + +Bry. valida + +, female (Scale bar, 1.0 mm); +89. + +Bry. hedickei + +, male (Scale bar, 1.0 mm). + + + + +FIGURE 90. +Geographic records of + +Bryodemina +species + +in North, Central and South America. + + + + +Type material examined. + + +SYNTYPES +. + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +: + +Mexico +: + +unknown locality, 1539 ( +♂ +only), +Deppe +col. ( +ZMHB +) + +. + + +Additional material examined. + + +Guatemala +: + +GUATEMALA +: +Guatemala City +(14.63 / -90.52), + +xi.1915 + +, +W.M Schauss +col. ( +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +USNM +) + +. + + +Mexico +: + +Unknown +locality, (1883) ( +1 ♀ +, +NHW +) + +, + +Winthem +col. ( +1 ♀ +, +NHW +) + +; + +unknown locality ( +1 ♀ +, +OUMNH +) + +; + +GUERRERO +: +Taxco +(18.48 / -99.55), + +15.ix.1963 + +, +R.H. & E.M. Painter +col. ( +1 ♀ +, +USNM +) + +; + +Iguala +(18.35 / -99.54), + +31.viii.1959 + +, +R.H. & E.M. Painter +col. ( +1 ♂ +, +USNM +) + +; + +Chilpancingo +(17.55 / -99.51), + +31.viii.1959 + +, +R.H. & E.M. Painter +col. ( +1 ♂ +, +USNM +) + +; + +OAXACA +: +Oaxaca +(16.34 / -95.93), + +29.viii.1913 + +, +R.H. & E.M. Painter +col. ( +1 ♂ +, +USNM +) + +; + +same locality except, + +5.ix.1959 + +, +R.H. & E.M. Painter +col. ( +1 ♂ +, +USNM +) + +; + +PUEBLA +, +Puebla +(19.04 / -98.20), + +14.viii.1972 + +, +G.F. & S. Hevel +( +1 ♂ +, +USNM +) + +; + +VERACRUZ +, +Cotaxtla +(18.84 / -96.40), + +24.x.1957 + +, +W. Gibson +col. ( +1 ♂ +, +3 ♀ +, +USNM +) + +, + +Orizaba +, + +5.v.1871 + +( +1 ♀ +, +NHW +) + +; + +Palma Sola +(22.18 / -98.01), + +28.viii.1964 + +, +B. & D. Sigwalt +col. ( +1 ♀ +, +MNHN +) + +; + +SINALOA +, +Villa Union +(23.19 / -106.22)( +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀ +, +USNM +) + +; + +MORELOS +, +Cuernavaca +(18.93 / -99.23), + +12.ix.1963 +, +ix.1923 + +, +R.H. & E.M. Painter +col. ( +1 ♀ +, +USNM +) + +; + +same locality except, +E.G. Smyth +( +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +USNM +) + +; + +JALISCO +, +Guadalajara +, + +31.viii.1962 + +( +1 ♀ +, +USNM +) + +; + +same locality except, + +15.vii.1962 + +( +1 ♀ +, +SAMC +) + +. + + +Nicaragua +: + +MATAGALPA +: +Matagalpa +(12.93 / -85.92), + +04.ix.1967 + +, +R.H. & E.M. Painter +col. ( +2 ♂ +, +5 ♀ +, +USNM +) + +. + + +USA +: + +ARIZONA +: +Douglas +(31.34 / -109.55), + +6.viii.1962 + +, +M.A. Cazier +col. ( +1 ♂ +, +USNM +) + +. + + +Geographical records. +México +(Guerrero, +Oaxaca +, +Puebla +, +Veracruz +, +Sinaloa +, +Morelos +and +Jalisco +), +Nicaragua +( +Matagalpa +), +Guatemala +( +Guatemala +) and +United States of America +( +Arizona +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/A7/39/41/A7394179B533FFCFFF56FF59C229FF2F.xml b/data/A7/39/41/A7394179B533FFCFFF56FF59C229FF2F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9f7eadf37ab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/A7/39/41/A7394179B533FFCFFF56FF59C229FF2F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,443 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Bryodemina Hull (Diptera, Bombyliidae, Lomatiinae) with descriptions of two new Neotropical species + + + +Author + +Lamas, Carlos J. E. +Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia. Av. Nazaré, 481, 04263 - 000, Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brazil + + + +Author + +Yamaguchi, Carolina +Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia. Av. Nazaré, 481, 04263 - 000, Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brazil + + + +Author + +Evenhuis, Neal L. +0000-0002-1314-755X +neale@bishopmuseum.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-20 + + +5496 + + +3 + + +301 +331 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.1 +1175-5326 +13346739 +7629AA0F-BFCB-4D4B-BB89-8BFB0F95C2FE + + + + + + +Identification key to the known species of + +Bryodemina +Hull. + + + + + + + + + + +1 All abdominal tergites with dark brown bristles on basal ¾ and yellow on apical ¼ forming bands ( +Figs 51, 53 +, +89 +)............................................................................ + +Bry. hedickei +(Paramonov) + +, + +comb +. +nov. + + + + + +- Abdominal tergites mainly covered with black bristles, not forming pattern of bands on all tergites ( +Figs 83–88 +)......... 2 + + + + + + +2 Face and frons with yellowish white bristles on males and females ( +Figs 38, 39 +); cell + +r +5 + +either closed on wing margin or very slightly opened ( +Figs 40, 41 +)......................................................... + +Bry. fasciata +(Williston) + + + + + +- Face and frons with dark brown bristles on males and yellowish white on females; cell + +r +5 + +variable..................... 3 + + + + + + +3 Abdomen entirely covered with dark brown bristles (males) or with dark brown bristles except tergite 4 with yellow bristles, forming yellow band dorsally on abdomen (males and females) ( +Figs 83–85 +). Yellow band slightly separated in middle in some specimens; wing with cell + +r +5 + +open at wing margin........................................................... 4 + + + + +- Abdomen predominantly covered with dark brown bristles, except for two dorsolateral subtriangular areas extending from tergites 3 or 4 to 7 ( +Figs 87, 88 +); wing with cell +r 5 +closed at wing margin ( +Fig. 73 +)............. + +Bry. valida +(Wiedemann) + + + + + + + +4 Wing hyaline with dark brown infuscated area basally including following cells: from base to apex of costal ( +c +), basal ½ + +r +1 + +, basal 1/3 of + +r +2+3 + +, all basal radial ( +br +) and paler on basal ½ of discal medial ( +dm +), all basal medial ( +bm +), basal 1/3 of + +m +4 + +, extreme base of +cua +and alula ( +Figs 7, 8 +); males with abdominal tergites entirely covered with dark brown bristles ( +Fig. 83 +); females with dark brown bristles on abdominal tergites 1–3 and 5–7; tergite 4 with long, thin yellow bristles, except for short, thin dark brown bristles on central 1/3 ( +Fig. 84 +).................................................... + +Bry. ayalai + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +- Wing hyaline except for yellowish orange areas on basal costal cell ( +bc +), +c +, +bm +and yellowish brown alula ( +Fig. 24 +); male and female abdominal tergites 1–3 and 5–7 with long, thin dark brown bristles; tergite 4 with long, thin yellow bristles, except for short, thin dark brown bristles at center ( +Fig. 85 +)......................................... + +Bry. enigmatica + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + + + +Taxonomy + + + + + + + + +Bryodemina +Hull, 1973 + + + + + + + + + + +Bryodema +Hull, 1966: 227 + + +. + +Type +species: + +Anthrax valida +Wiedemann, 1830 + +, by original designation. [Preoccupied by +Fieber, 1853 +.]— + +Evenhuis, 1983: 396 + +; + +Evenhuis, 1991: 23 + +. + + + + + +Bryodemina +Hull, 1973: 314 + + + +(new replacement name for + +Bryodema +Hull, 1966 + +). +Type +species: + +Anthrax valida +Wiedemann, 1830 + +, automatic.— + + +Painter +et al +., 1978: 24 + + +; + +Evenhuis, 1983: 396 + +; + +Evenhuis, 1991: 23 + +; + +Evenhuis & Greathead, 1999: 251 + +. + + + + + +Brachydemia +Hull, 1973: 306 + + +, 314 + +(as subgenus of + +Bryodemina +Hull + +). +Type +species: + +Bryodemina latisoma +Hull, 1973 + +, by original designation.— + + +Painter +et al +., 1978: 25 + + +; + +Evenhuis, 1983: 396 + +; + +Evenhuis, 1991: 23 + +; + +Evenhuis & Greathead, 1999: 250 + +; + +Lamas & Evenhuis, 2014: 88 + +; +new synonym +. + + + + +Brachydemina + + +, incorrect original spelling of + + +Brachydemia +( +Hull, 1973: 316 +) + + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Bryodemina + +are robust flies easily separated from other +Lomatiinae +by the elongate postpedicel, notopleuron and postalar wall with row of dense long and strong dark brown bristles, thorax and abdomen with dense bristles; wings with two submarginal cells; lateral margin of tergites with dense tuft of long bristles, which may present color variation between dark brown and yellow. + + + + +Redescription. Male. +Body length: 13.0– +21.1 mm +; Wing length: +13.5–20.6 mm +. +Head: +holoptic, posterior margin of eye sinuous, conspicuous indentation with small black triangle area without ommatidia; scape cylindrical, twice as wide and same length as pedicel; antenna dark brown, gray pollinose; postpedicel laterally compressed in dorsal view; palpus not extending beyond oral margin; short, thin white bristles on margin of occiput. +Thorax: +notopleuron with 4 long and very strong black bristles; anterior ½ of postalar wall with tuft of very long, strong black bristles. +Legs: +dark brown pollinose. +Wing: +costal vein with dense dark brown bristles, longer near base and shorter at posterior margin; +r-m +crossvein obliquely positioned at apical 1/3 of cell +dm +; margin of alula with medium length, thin bristles; wing three times longer than wide. +Abdomen: +with dense long, thin bristles; lateral margin of tergites with dense tufts of long, thin bristles. +Male terminalia, lateral view: +gonocoxa elongate; gonostylus pointed with hook shaped apex; +dorsal view: +lateral aedeagal apodeme short, not surpassing gonocoxal apodeme margins; distiphallus short, not surpassing apex of posterior process of gonocoxa. + + +Female. +Body length: 14.7–20.0 mm; wing length: +14.3–19.4 mm +. + + +Similar to male, except for: +Head: +eyes dichoptic; separated by two times ocellar tubercle width; face and frons with thin bristles on upper half and spatulate bristles on lower half; face with spatulate bristles. +Female terminalia: +acanthophorite (tergite 9+10) divided in two separate sclerites; acanthophorite spines 1.5 times length of cerci. Spermatheca short, with well-developed, pear-shaped or guitar-shaped spermathecal bulb; two weakly sclerotized collars, developed on apical and basal ends of sperm pump. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B819FFF0FC9AFB29FEB8098F.xml b/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B819FFF0FC9AFB29FEB8098F.xml index 58be0d0cbf6..796cb7ef3c9 100644 --- a/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B819FFF0FC9AFB29FEB8098F.xml +++ b/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B819FFF0FC9AFB29FEB8098F.xml @@ -1,43 +1,45 @@ - - - -A new giant discinoid brachiopod from the Lower Devonian of Algeria + + + +A new giant discinoid brachiopod from the Lower Devonian of Algeria - - -Author + + +Author -Mergl, Michal +Mergl, Michal - - -Author + + +Author -Massa, Dominique +Massa, Dominique -text - - -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica - -2005 - -50 + +2005 + +50 - -2 + +2 - -397 -402 + +397 +402 -journal article -1732-2421 +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620296 +1732-2421 +13620296 - + diff --git a/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B81BFFF0FC9AFCC1FA330A1F.xml b/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B81BFFF0FC9AFCC1FA330A1F.xml index 50ed33946f5..ec6e82da2bf 100644 --- a/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B81BFFF0FC9AFCC1FA330A1F.xml +++ b/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B81BFFF0FC9AFCC1FA330A1F.xml @@ -1,43 +1,45 @@ - - - -A new giant discinoid brachiopod from the Lower Devonian of Algeria + + + +A new giant discinoid brachiopod from the Lower Devonian of Algeria - - -Author + + +Author -Mergl, Michal +Mergl, Michal - - -Author + + +Author -Massa, Dominique +Massa, Dominique -text - - -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica - -2005 - -50 + +2005 + +50 - -2 + +2 - -397 -402 + +397 +402 -journal article -1732-2421 +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620296 +1732-2421 +13620296 - + @@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ cf. -Fig. 2A +Fig. 2A . diff --git a/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B81BFFF0FFD0FA6EFAEA0F06.xml b/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B81BFFF0FFD0FA6EFAEA0F06.xml index a3508c711e8..308c948c253 100644 --- a/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B81BFFF0FFD0FA6EFAEA0F06.xml +++ b/data/AE/18/87/AE188799B81BFFF0FFD0FA6EFAEA0F06.xml @@ -1,43 +1,45 @@ - - - -A new giant discinoid brachiopod from the Lower Devonian of Algeria + + + +A new giant discinoid brachiopod from the Lower Devonian of Algeria - - -Author + + +Author -Mergl, Michal +Mergl, Michal - - -Author + + +Author -Massa, Dominique +Massa, Dominique -text - - -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica +text + + +Acta Palaeontologica Polonica - -2005 - -50 + +2005 + +50 - -2 + +2 - -397 -402 + +397 +402 -journal article -1732-2421 +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.13620296 +1732-2421 +13620296 - + diff --git a/data/C1/1F/87/C11F87AF0277D0070DAFFB933E93FD7F.xml b/data/C1/1F/87/C11F87AF0277D0070DAFFB933E93FD7F.xml index 6b1573b64c9..84ba31f020f 100644 --- a/data/C1/1F/87/C11F87AF0277D0070DAFFB933E93FD7F.xml +++ b/data/C1/1F/87/C11F87AF0277D0070DAFFB933E93FD7F.xml @@ -1,56 +1,57 @@ - - - -Revision of the bee genus Chlerogella (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), Part IV: A new species from southwestern Colombia + + + +Revision of the bee genus Chlerogella (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), Part IV: A new species from southwestern Colombia - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolution- ary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu; victorgonzab @ gmail. com). +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolution- ary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu; victorgonzab @ gmail. com). - - -Author + + +Author -Gonzalez, Victor H. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolution- ary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu; victorgonzab @ gmail. com). +Gonzalez, Victor H. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolution- ary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu; victorgonzab @ gmail. com). - - -Author + + +Author -Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. -Department of Environmental Studies, Math and Science Center, 400 Dowman Drive, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). +Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A. +Department of Environmental Studies, Math and Science Center, 400 Dowman Drive, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA (hinojosadiaz @ gmail. com). -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-05-29 + +2014 + +2014-05-29 - -2014 + +34 - -34 - - -1 -9 + +1 +9 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:64118010-5ABA-4699-BEAE-1969DF3139EC +journal article +301880 +10.17161/jom.v0i34.4736 +d0e34352-8c60-4946-a538-557082f58915 +2325-4467 +13620551 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:64118010-5ABA-4699-BEAE-1969DF3139EC - + @@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 1–8 +Figs. 1–8 ) @@ -104,13 +105,13 @@ differs from materdonnae in the azurite blue of the head and mesosoma ( -Figs. 1–3 +Figs. 1–3 ); the off-white mandible, labrum, and clypeal apex ( -Figs. 2, 3 +Figs. 2, 3 ); the largely yellow scape ( -Fig. 3 +Fig. 3 ); the yellow inner surfaces of the protarsi ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ); and in details of surface sculpturing as described below. From C @@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ in the azurite blue of the head and mesosoma ( agaylei the new species differs in the bigibbous mesoscutellum and details of surface sculpturing. The new species differs from both in the tuberculate subpleural signum, the much more elongate second flagellomere, and the form of the male terminalia ( -Figs. 5–8 +Figs. 5–8 ). @@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ DESCRIPTION: ; compound eye length 1.50 mm ) ( -Figs. 2, 3 +Figs. 2, 3 ). Upper interorbital distance 0.79 mm ; lower interorbital distance @@ -147,10 +148,10 @@ DESCRIPTION: . First flagellomere only slightly longer than pedicel, about as long as wide; second flagellomere four times length of first flagellomere; ventral surfaces of second through eleventh flagellomeres densely covered in placoid sensilla, placoid fields not disrupted. Upper portion of pronotum medially depressed, not elongate, medially less than 0.25 times ocellar diameter in length; ventral portion of preëpisternal sulcus not broad, similar to scrobal sulcus and upper portion of preëpisternal sulcus; intertegular distance 1.46 mm ; subpleural signum tuberculate; mesoscutellum weakly bigibbous, with two low paramedian tubercles. Forewing with basal vein distad cu-a by two times vein width; 1rs-m distad 1m-cu by two times vein width; 2rs-m distad 2m-cu by seven times vein width, 2rs-m weakly arched, nearly straight; first submarginal cell longer than combined lengths of second and third submarginal cells; second submarginal cell slightly narrowed anteriorly, anterior border of second submarginal cell along Rs about as along as that of third submarginal cell; posterior border of third submarginal cell about 2.5 times length of anterior border. Distal hamuli arranged 2-1- 2. Inner metatibial spur serrate. Apical margin of SIII entire; apical margin of SIV with short, broad median projection, projection deeply concave medially (thereby resulting in form of two paramedial, lobe-like projections) ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); apical margin of SV entire; apical margin of SVI emarginate; terminalia as depicted in figures 5–8. - + Figures 2–4. Details of holotype male of @@ -165,10 +166,10 @@ Facial aspect. 3. Lateral aspect of head. 4. -Ventral view of apical metasomal sterna (partially obscured by metatibial apex, metatarsus, and metapretarsus), showing setose pads on medioapical exten- sion of sternum IV and apicolateral setae on sternum V. +Ventral view of apical metasomal sterna (partially obscured by metatibial apex, metatarsus, and metapretarsus), showing setose pads on medioapical extension of sternum IV and apicolateral setae on sternum V. - + Figures 5–8. Male terminalia of @@ -188,17 +189,17 @@ Genital capsule, dorsal view. Genital capsule, ventral view. -Clypeus and supraclypeal area smooth with coarse, shallow, faint punctures separated by 2–5 times a puncture width, sometimes closer along lateral borders; face with minute punctures separated by a puncture width, more widely spaced in malar space, integument between punctures smooth; punctures of face blending to more widely spaced in ocellocular area and on vertex, punctures separated by 2–3 times a puncture width; gena smooth with minute punctures separated by 2–4 times a puncture width; postgena finely imbricate. Pronotum finely imbricate with minute sparse punctures; mesoscutum smooth with minute punctures separated by 1.5–3 times a puncture width, anteromedially punctures becoming exceedingly faint to absent; mesoscutellum as on mesoscutum; metanotum smooth with sparse minute punctures. Preëpi- sternum smooth with sparse minute punctures; mesepisternum smooth with sparse minute punctures separated by 3–6 times a puncture width; metepisternum smooth with minute punctures separated by 4–5 times a puncture width. Propodeum finely imbricate, more strongly so on dorsal-facing surface. Metasoma finely imbricate. +Clypeus and supraclypeal area smooth with coarse, shallow, faint punctures separated by 2–5 times a puncture width, sometimes closer along lateral borders; face with minute punctures separated by a puncture width, more widely spaced in malar space, integument between punctures smooth; punctures of face blending to more widely spaced in ocellocular area and on vertex, punctures separated by 2–3 times a puncture width; gena smooth with minute punctures separated by 2–4 times a puncture width; postgena finely imbricate. Pronotum finely imbricate with minute sparse punctures; mesoscutum smooth with minute punctures separated by 1.5–3 times a puncture width, anteromedially punctures becoming exceedingly faint to absent; mesoscutellum as on mesoscutum; metanotum smooth with sparse minute punctures. Preëpisternum smooth with sparse minute punctures; mesepisternum smooth with sparse minute punctures separated by 3–6 times a puncture width; metepisternum smooth with minute punctures separated by 4–5 times a puncture width. Propodeum finely imbricate, more strongly so on dorsal-facing surface. Metasoma finely imbricate. Mandible, labrum, apical margin of clypeus, and small spot apically in malar space off white to pale yellow; labiomaxillary complex dark brown except apicalmost portions, glossa, paraglossae, and palpi yellow; remainder of clypeus and head azurite blue with strong purple highlights ( -Fig. 2, 3 +Fig. 2, 3 ). Antenna dark brown except scape pale yellow with brown dorsally in apical two-thirds. Mesosoma azurite blue, with purple highlights but weaker than those of head ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ), propodeum lighter blue than remainder of mesosoma; tegula dark brown. Wing membranes faintly infumate; veins brown to dark brown. Legs dark brown with scattered metallic blue highlights except inner surfaces of protarsi yellow. Metasoma dark brown. Typical gender pilosity. Pubescence generally white except more golden apically on face, on legs, and on metasoma and more fuscous on meso- and metatarsi. Postgena with numerous elongate, sinuate setae, such setae with short apical branches; inner surfaces of trochanters, femora, and metatibia with elongate, apically-plumose setae except those on metatiba simple and apically sinuate. Apical margin of SIV with patches of dense, short fuscous setae on medial projection ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); SV with apicolateral areas of more numerous, long, fuscous setae. @@ -336,7 +337,7 @@ and those of Chlerogella -. To this can be added a further interesting feature, albeit one re- stricted to isolated taxa within each of the genera. The subpleural signum is tuberculate in +. To this can be added a further interesting feature, albeit one restricted to isolated taxa within each of the genera. The subpleural signum is tuberculate in C . @@ -371,7 +372,7 @@ the key to South American species of Engel, 2010b ) -. The following modified couplets will permit its incorpora- tion into the aforementioned dichotomous key: +. The following modified couplets will permit its incorporation into the aforementioned dichotomous key: 32(30). Mesoscutellum not bigibbous, gently convex ..................................................... 33 —. Mesoscutellum bigibbous, with two low paramedial tubercles ..................... 32a diff --git a/data/C1/30/85/C1308510FFBEFF86594EF9CA01ACFD00.xml b/data/C1/30/85/C1308510FFBEFF86594EF9CA01ACFD00.xml index 619d28d9da2..373914b25b7 100644 --- a/data/C1/30/85/C1308510FFBEFF86594EF9CA01ACFD00.xml +++ b/data/C1/30/85/C1308510FFBEFF86594EF9CA01ACFD00.xml @@ -1,47 +1,46 @@ - - - -A new stingless bee species of the genus Nogueirapis from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Apidae) + + + +A new stingless bee species of the genus Nogueirapis from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Apidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Ayala, Ricardo -Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, Jalisco, 48980, México (rayala @ ib. unam. mx). +Ayala, Ricardo +Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, Jalisco, 48980, México (rayala @ ib. unam. mx). - - -Author + + +Author -Engel, Michael S. -Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA (mengel @ amnh. org). +Engel, Michael S. +Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA (msengel @ ku. edu). & Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 Street, New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA (mengel @ amnh. org). -text - - -Journal of Melittology +text + + +Journal of Melittology - -2014 - -2014-08-26 + +2014 + +2014-08-26 - -2014 + +37 - -37 - - -1 -9 + +1 +9 -journal article -2325-4467 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:047881A7-9C61-4477-9CB1-30F030A4BE96 +journal article +10.17161/jom.v0i37.4775 +2325-4467 +13620399 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:047881A7-9C61-4477-9CB1-30F030A4BE96 @@ -66,9 +65,9 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( -Figs. 1–4 +Figs. 1–4 , -8 +8 ) @@ -83,19 +82,19 @@ DIAGNOSIS: The new species is similar in appearance to the ferruginous form of but with the dark areas of the face more extensively developed and not completely divided to the median ocellus by a narrow line of yellow integument ( cf . -Figs. 4, 5 +Figs. 4, 5 ), and the broad yellow areas of the face bordering the compound eyes which are medially divided by narrow extensions of dark integument that extend nearly to the epistomal sulcus outside the anterior tentorial pit ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ). In addition the following combination of traits further supports the recognition of this species: clypeus centrally with large dark area, darker area continuing to clypeal margins as lighter brown, apically with short median line of yellow; yellow bordering compound eye terminating slightly before upper tangent of compound eyes ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -4 +4 ); scape dark brown with yellow at extreme base and in narrow line on outer ventral surface ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); mesepisternum with large dark area on upper half; metatibia, metabasitarsus, and remaining tarsomeres dark brown; metasomal terga yellowish ferruginous narrow transverse bands of brown to light brown. In addition to the pattern of facial maculation ( cf . -Figs. 4, 6 +Figs. 4, 6 ), the new species may also readily be distinguished from the ferruginous form of N @@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ but with the dark areas of the face more extensively developed and not completel by the latter’s entirely yellow ferruginous mesepisternum, anterior legs largely yellow ferruginous, largely yellow ferruginous metatibia with a patch of dark brown in apical half posteriorly and third to one-fifth anteriorly, and yellowish ferruginous metasomal terga with broad transverse bands of dark brown. - + Figures 4–6. Facial aspects of workers of @@ -145,7 +144,7 @@ Facial aspects of workers of , ferruginous form. - + Figures 7–8. Forewings of workers of @@ -184,36 +183,36 @@ DESCRIPTION: , length 1.51 mm . Integument largely yellow ferruginous except as noted below. Mandible yellow, with distal margin dark brown, condyles nearly black, lower margin with scattered long, reddish brown setae. Labrum yellow, with black setal insertions prominent, setae as long as or slightly shorter than diameter of scape. Malar area narrow, black. Clypeus apically yellow, centrally with large dark area ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ), darker area continuing to clypeal margins as lighter brown, apically with short median line of yellow, clypeus bordering epistomal sulcus at bend beyond anterior tentorial pit yellow, clypeus slightly more prominent medially, with scattered short suberect setae, upper margin of clypeus slightly concave ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); supraclypeal area slightly elevated, narrowing toward frontal line, largely yellow except brown medially bordering clypeus ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ) and near antennal toruli, area above supraclypeal area brown. Scape dark brown, except yellow at extreme base and in narrow line on outer ventral surface; pedicel dark brown; flagellomeres dark brown dorsally, lighter ventrally particularly toward apex ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ). Face above level of antennae, frons, and vertex with large area of dark brown to black integument, dark brown area laterally extends ventrally on face below level of antennae and close to epistomal sulcus and tentorial pit, demarcating a narrow yellow area along border of compound eye ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ), dark area of upper frons not completely divided medially by narrow strip of yellow integument, only divided in lower portion and well distant from median ocellus ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ), yellow paraocular border terminating slightly before upper tangent of compound eyes ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ); face with pale micropubescence, such setae not dense, some longest fuscous setae on supraclypeal area and in upper paraocular area. Ocelli positioned above upper tangent of compound eyes ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ), distance between median and lateral ocelli slightly shorter than diameter of median ocellus (median ocellar diameter 0.10 mm ), posterior interocellar distance 1.5x diameter of lateral ocellus, ocellocular distance 1.3x diameter of median ocellus, posterior interocellar distance 1.4x ocellocular distance. Vertex black, with fuscous setae, such setae as long as or slightly longer than ocellocular distance. Yellow strip along posterior border of compound eye in apical two-thirds, remainder of border on gena dark brown and extending to meet dark brown and black of vertex, remainder of gena ferruginous to yellow ferruginous, with pale micropubescence; postgena yellow. Pronotum yellow, slightly darker dorsally, pronotal lobe yellow with small dark patches anterior to lobe; mesoscutum black, with lateral borders narrowly yellow, yellow not reaching anterolateral angles ( -Fig. 2 +Fig. 2 ), with pale micropubescence and some longer fuscous setae, particularly on anterolateral angles, laterally, and posteriorly; tegula brown, with some yellow areas and long setae anteriorly; mesoscutellum broadly parabolic, with medial posterior margin slightly truncate ( -Fig. 2 +Fig. 2 ), anterior margin with faint short notch medially, yellowish ferruginous with posterior margin slightly light- er, with pale micropubescence and longer fuscous setae posteriorly; metanotum yellow ferruginous, slightly darker laterally. Mesepisternum largely yellow ferruginous, with dark brown area over much of upper half of surface ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ); metepisternum yellow ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ). Wing membranes weakly and lightly infuscate, hyaline, with some faint magenta and green iridescence; veins, including pterostigma, dark brown although Rs+M and weakened veins more faintly pigmented ( -Fig. 8 +Fig. 8 ); venation as typical for genus, similar to that of N @@ -221,23 +220,23 @@ Pronotum yellow, slightly darker dorsally, pronotal lobe yellow with small dark mirandula ( -Fig. 7 +Fig. 7 ). Coxae, trochanters, and femora yellow ferruginous except small dark patch distally on metafemur ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ); setae of legs largely yellowish to lightly fuscous except apically on femora and on tibiae and tarsi darker; pro- and mesotibia reddish brown, with lighter areas anteriorly; pro- and mesotarsus reddish brown; metatibia outer surface entirely dark brown, lighter so in apical two-thirds posteriorly, apical fifth anteriorly ( -Fig. 3 +Fig. 3 ), inner surface with broad yellow area along posterior margin; metatibia length on posterior margin 1.52 mm , maximum width 0.60 mm ; metatibia and metabasitarsus with largely dark fuscous setae, corbicula surface with at least three elongate simple setae, two positioned posteriorly, one posterior of midline ( -Fig. 3 +Fig. 3 ); metabasitarsus and remaining metarsomeres reddish brown as on apical portion of metatibia; metabasitarsus length 0.73 mm , width 0.34 mm . Propodeum smooth and shiny, without pubescence, largely yellow, particularly laterally, upper lateral areas darker, yellow ferruginous to brown ( -Figs. 1, 2 +Figs. 1, 2 ). Metasomal terga with yellowish brown integument, T1–3 with dark brown subapical bands, T4 with apical margin a little more brown, T5–6 with bands well-defined; T4–6 with dark brown setae; sterna with integument and pubescence yellowish; setal insertions dark. diff --git a/data/F1/68/87/F16887FDBF663955FF17F95F26622771.xml b/data/F1/68/87/F16887FDBF663955FF17F95F26622771.xml index 38708adc53c..9bfb720a318 100644 --- a/data/F1/68/87/F16887FDBF663955FF17F95F26622771.xml +++ b/data/F1/68/87/F16887FDBF663955FF17F95F26622771.xml @@ -1,52 +1,52 @@ - - - -A new restricted-range Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the upper rio Guaporé, Chapada dos Parecis, Brazil + + + +A new restricted-range Melanorivulus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the upper rio Guaporé, Chapada dos Parecis, Brazil - - -Author + + +Author -Nielsen, Dalton Tavares Bressane -Universidade de Taubaté, UNITAU, Laboratório de Zoologia, Departamento de Biologia, Av. Tiradentes 180, 12030 - 180, Taubaté, SP, Brazil. +Nielsen, Dalton Tavares Bressane +Universidade de Taubaté, UNITAU, Laboratório de Zoologia, Departamento de Biologia, Av. Tiradentes 180, 12030 - 180, Taubaté, SP, Brazil. - - -Author + + +Author -Ohara, Willian Massaharu -Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Biologia, Av. Rodrigo Otávio, Japiim, 69077 - 000, Manaus, AM, Brazil. +Ohara, Willian Massaharu +Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Biologia, Av. Rodrigo Otávio, Japiim, 69077 - 000, Manaus, AM, Brazil. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-08-20 + +2024 + +2024-08-20 - -5496 + +5496 - -3 + +3 - -332 -342 + +332 +342 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.2 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.2 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.2 -1175-5326 -13346783 -EE066C4A-88D3-4763-94D4-1F5BFF90ABE4 +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.2 +1175-5326 +13346783 +EE066C4A-88D3-4763-94D4-1F5BFF90ABE4 @@ -67,13 +67,13 @@ ( Fig.1 ; -Table 1 +Table 1 ) - + Holotype . @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ SL, SL ; - + ZUEC 18282 , 10 males @@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ anal-fin ray, between neural spines of vertebrae 20–21, anal-fin origin betwee Scales small, cycloid. Frontal squamation F-patterned; F-scales scales not overlapping. Longitudinal series of scales 33–34(24); transverse series of scales 8(24); scale rows around caudal peduncle 16(24); no contact organs on scales and fin rays. Cephalic neuromasts: supraorbital 3+3, parietal 1, anterior rostral 1, posterior rostral 1, infraorbital 1+11– 12+1, preorbital 2, otic 2, post-otic 1, supratemporal 1, median opercular 1, ventral opercular 2, preopercular 2+4, mandibular 3+1, lateral mandibular 1, paramandibular 1; two neuromasts on caudal-fin base. Six branchiostegal rays. Vertebrae 30(4). - + TABLE 1. Morphometric data for the holotype (H) and paratypes (P) of