From 388e8c7aa335ff2648de22f89b3ef1e6b65587f7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2024 03:06:45 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2024-12-24 03:00:28 --- .../87/D11587B6D046FFD41DB233CBFDBBF92C.xml | 484 +++++++ .../87/D11587B6D047FFD41DB23239FE3FF7AE.xml | 124 ++ .../87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFBF6FB6A.xml | 680 +++++++++ .../87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFF1CFC46.xml | 186 --- .../87/D11587B6D048FFDA1E763042FE06F8B2.xml | 1020 +++++++++++++ .../87/D11587B6D048FFDB1E763042FC58F840.xml | 94 -- .../87/D11587B6D04AFFD81E963406FAC1F789.xml | 1275 +++++++++++++++++ .../87/D11587B6D04CFFDF1DB235F8FECEFDC3.xml | 129 ++ 8 files changed, 3712 insertions(+), 280 deletions(-) create mode 100644 data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D046FFD41DB233CBFDBBF92C.xml create mode 100644 data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFD41DB23239FE3FF7AE.xml create mode 100644 data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFBF6FB6A.xml delete mode 100644 data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFF1CFC46.xml create mode 100644 data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D048FFDA1E763042FE06F8B2.xml delete mode 100644 data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D048FFDB1E763042FC58F840.xml create mode 100644 data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D04AFFD81E963406FAC1F789.xml create mode 100644 data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D04CFFDF1DB235F8FECEFDC3.xml diff --git a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D046FFD41DB233CBFDBBF92C.xml b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D046FFD41DB233CBFDBBF92C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b90666d660 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D046FFD41DB233CBFDBBF92C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) + + + +Author + +Williams, Mark C. + + + +Author + +Henning, Graham A. + +text + + +Metamorphosis + + +2023 + +2023-05-17 + + +34 + + +1 + + +35 +49 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4 + +journal article +10.4314/met.v34i1.4 +2307-5031 +14119310 +CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4 + + + + +Genus + +Tildia +Williams & Henning, 2023 + + +gen. nov. + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +1F4BB732-A5DD-4F70-AB86-7F8B395C856A + + + + + +Type +species + +Papilio zetes +Linnaeus, 1758 + + + + +This is a purely Afrotropical genus of 13 fairly large to large species. The lineage arose ~ 17 Mya. + +Body +: Head large, broad and hairy. Antennae shorter than half length of forewing, averaging 42.5% (37-46%) of forewing for both sexes. Palpi 1 +st +joint twice as long as broad, 2 +nd +joint three times longer than first joint and terminal joint minute, oval. All joints hairy. Thorax short, compressed laterally, hairy and scaly. Abdomen long, extending beyond outer edge of hindwings, laterally compressed, broader distally. +Legs +: Anterior legs slender and less than half length of pterothoracic legs; tarsi of male single joint without spines, female tarsi five jointed with spines on each except last, no terminal spines. Pterothoracic legs, robust, external claw of male furrowed on inner surface, terminal claws asymmetrical. +Wing venation +: Radial veins of forewing not stalked; +R +1 branching off from cell rather than stalked. Cell of hind wing more than half of total wing length. Markings: Similar in placement to + +Acraea + +but with marginal markings or spots on forewing upper side in both species groups. +Male genitalia +: Uncus beak-shaped and elongate, as long, or longer, than tegumen, arched, acute at tip; aedeagus thin, needle like, curved; sclerotized and modified 8th tergite or sternite not present; valves very elongated, not triangulate basally and have inward projections, not fused basally, more than twice length of uncus; juxta extremely narrow, elongated and strongly sclerotized; vinculum broad and almost filling the saccus. +Female genitalia +: Anal lobes short, produced ventrad, posterior apophyses longer than lobes and supporting sclerites combined. Sterigma usually taking the form of a large U-shaped plate; ostium anteriorly placed; ductus short and sclerotized; bursa elongate or spherical; two signa, very small or absent. Sphragis present. + + +Early stages +: Egg squat, ovoid, almost as broad as high; laid in small batches. The larvae are gregarious. Pupa white to creamy, with black lines marking the nervules on the wing covers. +Host plant genera +: + +Adenia + +(6 records), + +Passiflora + +(2 records) and + +Basananthe + +(2 records). The following plant genera have been recorded only for + +T. zetes + +: + +Vitis + +, + +Barteria +, +Deidama + +, + +Hydnocarpus + +, + +Phyllobotryum + +, + +Smeathmannia + +and + +Tacsonia + +. +Host plant families +: +Passifloraceae +(7 records), +Flacourtiaceae +(1 record), Vitiaceae (1 record). +Habitats (biomes) +: A predominantly woodland and savanna genus, with a single species in the Namib desert. Woodland (5 spp.), savanna (4 spp.); coastal forest (2 spp.); Namib Desert ( + +T. hypoleuca + +). +Geographical range +: +Kenya +and +Tanzania +have the most species (7 each), with six species in southern +DRC +and five species in +Angola +, +Zambia +, +Mozambique +, +South Africa +and +Namibia +. There are four species in +Malawi +, +Zimbabwe +, +Botswana +and +Ethiopia +, and three in Southern +Sudan +, +Uganda +, +Somalia +and +Swaziland +. One species ( + +T. zetes + +) is widespread in the Afrotropical Region and there is a single species in +Madagascar +( + +T. turna + +). + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Facies: The genus + +Tildia + +can be distinguished from + +Acraea + +by the presence of marginal spots on the forewing upper side in species from each species group. The genus + +Cethosia + +has marginal spots on the forewing upperside as has + +anacreon + +, the earliest offshoot of + +Telchinia + +(Carvalho +et. al +., 2021) and as do other tribes in the Subfamily +Heliconiinae +. Some species of + +Tildia + +have normal markings entirely absent on the upper side. + + +Genitalia: The male genitalia in + +Tildia + +are fairly simple in comparison to the adaptations in + +Acraea + +genitalia. In + +Acraea horta + +species-group the 8 +th +sternite is modified to form a protective plate called a velum, in the + +machequena + +species-group the valves are strongly incurved forming a claw, in the + +satis + +species-group the 8 +th +tergite is produced into a pseudouncus with the rest reduced in size, in the + +admatha + +species-group the juxta is articulated by a transtilla and connected by an elongate sclerite, in the + +quirina + +species-group the uncus is divided into two hooks as large as the valves. In comparison the male genitalia of + +Tildia + +are simple with the valves greatly elongated and not subtriangular and the juxta narrow, elongated and strongly sclerotized. The vinculum is also largely enclosed within the saccus. In the female genitalia the ostium is anteriorly placed as compared to + +Acraea + +which are central or posteriorly placed in the species examined. + + + + +Figure 6 +– + +Bematistes epaea + +(male), the type species of the genus. Left – upper side. Right – underside. Wingspan: 60 mm. Biakpa Mountain Paradise, Ghana. 24 November 2011. J.C.H. Dobson. + + + + +Species list + + + +Tildia acara +(Hewitson, [1865]) + + +comb. nov. + + +Tildia anemosa +(Hewitson, [1865]) + + +comb. nov. + + +Tildia barberi +(Trimen, 1881) + + +comb. nov. + + +Tildia chilo +(Godman, 1880) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia chilo chilo +(Godman, 1880) + + + + +Tildia chilo crystallina +(Grose-Smith, 1890) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia hypoleuca +(Trimen, 1898) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia oscari +(Rothschild, 1902) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia pseudolycia +(Butler, 1874) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia pseudolycia pseudolycia +(Butler, 1874) + + +Tildia pseudolycia astrigera +(Butler, 1899) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia rabbaiae +(Ward, 1873) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia rabbaiae rabbaiae +(Ward, 1873) + + + + +Tildia rabbaiae perlucida +(Henning & Henning, 1996) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia trimeni +(Aurivillius, [1899]) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia turna +(Mabille, 1877) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia welwitschii +(Rogenhofer, 1893) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia zetes +(Linnaeus, 1758) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia zetes zetes +(Linnaeus, 1758) + + + + +Tildia zetes sidamona +(Rothschild & +Jordan +, 1905) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia zetes annobona +(d’Abrera, 1980) + + +comb. nov. + + + + +Tildia zonata +(Hewitson, 1877) + + +comb. nov. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFD41DB23239FE3FF7AE.xml b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFD41DB23239FE3FF7AE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a67501b7a70 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFD41DB23239FE3FF7AE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) + + + +Author + +Williams, Mark C. + + + +Author + +Henning, Graham A. + +text + + +Metamorphosis + + +2023 + +2023-05-17 + + +34 + + +1 + + +35 +49 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4 + +journal article +10.4314/met.v34i1.4 +2307-5031 +14119310 +CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4 + + + + + + +T. zetes + +species-group + +: + + + +valves elongate and sharply truncate or rounded distally with juxta large, narrow and elongated. + + + + +Tildia acara +(Hewitson, [1865]) + +, + +Tildia barberi +(Trimen, 1881) + +, + +Tildia chilo +(Godman, 1880) + +, + +Tildia hypoleuca +(Trimen, 1898) + +, + +Tildia oscari +(Rothschild, 1902) + +, + +Tildia trimeni +(Aurivillius, [1899]) + +, + +Tildia turna +(Mabille, 1877) + +, + +Tildia zetes +(Linnaeus, 1758) + +, + +Tildia anemosa +(Hewitson, [1865]) + +, + +Tildia pseudolycia +(Butler, 1874) + +, + +Tildia welwitschii +(Rogenhofer, 1893) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFBF6FB6A.xml b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFBF6FB6A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d188be37a3a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFBF6FB6A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,680 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) + + + +Author + +Williams, Mark C. + + + +Author + +Henning, Graham A. + +text + + +Metamorphosis + + +2023 + +2023-05-17 + + +34 + + +1 + + +35 +49 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4 + +journal article +10.4314/met.v34i1.4 +2307-5031 +14119310 +CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4 + + + + +Genus + +Bematistes +Hemming, 1935 + + +stat. rev. + + + + + +Type +species + +Papilio epaea +Felder, 1779 + + + + +This is a purely Afrotropical genus of 35 fairly large to large species. The lineage arose ~ 27 Mya. + +Body +: Head moderately large, hairy. Antennae broad and abrupt, shorter than half length of forewing, averaging 42% (38-46%) of forewing for both sexes. Palpi 1 +st +joint four times as long as broad, 2 +nd +joint twice as long as first joint and terminal joint minute, oval. Black with lateral white line. All joints hairy. Thorax elongate; compressed laterally, hairy and scaly. Abdomen long, extending beyond outer edge of hindwings, laterally compressed, broader distally. +Legs +: Anterior legs slender and less than half length of pterothoracic legs; tarsi of male single joint with terminal spine, female tarsi five jointed with spines on each except last, with a terminal spine. Pterothoracic legs robust, external claw of male furrowed on inner surface, two terminal claws asymmetrical in male, symmetrical in female. +Wing venation +: Radial veins of forewing stalked; +R +1 branching off from +R +2- +R +5 well beyond the upper angle of cell. Cell of hindwing slightly more than one third of total wing length. Markings: Hindwing has no spots or coalesced, forming a tight grouping. Hyaline areas and hyaline patches absent. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing or hindwing. +Male genitalia +: Uncus very short with bifid tip; aedeagus long, straight and narrow but not needle like, basally narrow and not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8th tergite or sternite not present; valves comparatively short and angular, incurved and broadly claw-like; juxta small, U-shaped, weakly sclerotized; vinculum large and broad; saccus elongate. +Female genitalia +: Anal lobes short and broad, posterior apophyses as long, or longer, than the lobes; two sub-pupillary glands; sterigma broad and U-shaped; ostium posteriorly placed; ductus short and sclerotized; bursa spherical to ovoid; two pairs of prominent spinose signa. Sphragis present. + + +Early stages +: Egg cylindrical, twice as high as wide, evenly domed on top; laid in batches. Pupa with four pairs of long dorsal processes on the first four abdominal segments. +Host plant genera +: + +Adenia + +(13 records), + +Barteria + +(3 records), + +Oncoba + +and + +Vitis + +(2 records each). One record for each of + +Basananthe + +, + +Passiflora + +and + +Tryphostemma + +. +Host plant families +: +Passifloraceae +(15 records), +Salicaceae +and +Vitaceae +(2 records each). +Habitats (biomes) +: + +Bematistes + +is predominantly a forest genus. Forest (19 spp.), submontane forest (3 species), montane forest (2 species). Two species are found in moist woodland. There are no savanna species. +Geographical range +: A genus of the Guineo-Congolian forest block. Best represented in the +Democratic Republic of Congo +(23 spp.), +Cameroon +(19 spp.), +Uganda +(18 spp.), +Tanzania +(16 spp.), +Gabon +(13 spp.) and +Nigeria +(11 spp.). + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Facies: Forewing radials stalked (not stalked in other African genera in the tribe). Generally large butterflies; wings dark with coloured patches; limited spotting restricted towards base of wings. The genus + +Bematistes + +has no hindwing marginal spots and no hyaline areas on the wings. The cell of the hindwing is comparatively short compared to the other genera. Anterior legs of male with terminal spine present; not present in the other African genera. Pupa with four pairs of long dorsal processes not found in other African genera. Some mimics found in + +Telchinia + +. + + +Genitalia: In the male genitalia the uncus is very short; aedeagus long, straight and narrow but not needle-like, basally narrow and not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8 +th +tergite or sternite absent, valves claw-shaped. In the female genitalia the sterigma is broadly U-shaped; there are two pairs of signa (only one pair in other African genera). + + +Species list + + + + + +Bematistes adrasta +(Weymer, 1892) + + +comb. rev. + + +Bematistes aganice +(Hewitson, [1852]) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Bematistes aganice aganice +(Hewitson, [1852]) + + +Bematistes aganice montana +(Butler, 1888) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes aganice orientalis +(Ungemach, 1932) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes alcinoe +(Felder & Felder, [1865]) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Bematistes alcinoe alcinoe +(Felder & Felder, [1865]) + + + + +Bematistes alcinoe nado +(Ungemach, 1932) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes bakundu +(Bernaud, 2021) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes bana +(Pierre & Bernaud, 2012) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes consanguinea +(Aurivillius, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes consanguinea consanguinea +(Aurivillius, 1893) + + + + +Bematistes consanguinea albicolor +(Karsch, 1895) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes dewitzi +(Staudinger, 1896) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes dimonika +(Bernaud, 2021) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes ducarmei +(Bernaud & Pierre, 2012) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes elongata +(Butler, 1874) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes epaea +(Cramer, [1779]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes epiprotea +(Butler, 1874) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes epitellus +(Staudinger, 1896) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Figure 7 +– + +Actinote parapheles + +(male upper side), a typical member of the genus. Wingspan: 55 mm. Credit: Wikipedia images. + + + + +Bematistes excisa +(Butler, 1874) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes formosa +(Butler, 1874) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes indentata +(Butler, 1895) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes kivuana +( +Jordan +, 1910) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes kivuensis +(Joicey & Talbot, 1927) + + +comb. rev. + + +Bematistes kivuensis kivuensis +(Joicey & Talbot, 1927) + + + + +Bematistes kivuensis elgonense +(Poulton, 1927) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes leopoldina +(Aurivillius, 1895) + + +comb. rev. + + + + + + +Bematistes lequeuxi +(Bernaud & Pierre, 2012) + + +comb. rev. + + +Bematistes macaria +(Fabricius, 1793) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes macaria macaria +(Fabricius, 1793) + + +Bematistes macaria macaroides +(Aurivillius, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + + + + + +Bematistes macaria hemileuca +( +Jordan +, 1914) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes macarista +(Sharpe, 1906) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Bematistes melina +(Thurau, 1903) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes obliqua +(Aurivillius, [1913]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes parageum +(Grose-Smith, 1900) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Bematistes parageum parageum +(Grose-Smith, 1900) + + + + +Bematistes parageum homochroa +(Rothschild & +Jordan +, 1905) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes parageum insulana +(Achery, 1995) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes persanguinea +(Rebel, 1914) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes poggei +(Dewitz, 1879) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes poggei poggei +(Dewitz, 1879) + + +Bematistes poggei ras +(Ungemach, 1932) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes pseudeuryta +(Godman & Salvin, 1890) + + +comb. +rev. + + + + +Bematistes quadricolor +(Rogenhofer, 1891) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Bematistes sartina +( +Jordan +, 1910) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Bematistes scalivittata +(Butler, 1896) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes schubotzi +(Grünberg, 1911) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes tellus +(Aurivillius, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes tellus tellus +(Aurivillus, 1893) + + +Bematistes tellus eumelis +( +Jordan +, 1910) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes umbra +(Drury, 1782) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes vestalis +(Felder & Felder, [1865]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Bematistes vestalis vestalis +(Felder & Felder, [1865]) + + + + +Bematistes vestalis congoensis +(Le Doux, 1937) + + +comb. rev. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFF1CFC46.xml b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFF1CFC46.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 77c655987e8..00000000000 --- a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D047FFDB1E76343AFF1CFC46.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,186 +0,0 @@ - - - -Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) - - - -Author - -Williams, Mark C. - - - -Author - -Henning, Graham A. - -text - - -Metamorphosis - - -2023 - -2023-05-17 - - -34 - - -1 - - -35 -49 - - - - -http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4 - -journal article -10.4314/met.v34i1.4 -2307-5031 -14119310 -CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4 - - - - - -Genus - -Bematistes -Hemming, 1935 - - -stat. rev. - - - - - - -Type -species - -Papilio epaea -Felder, 1779 - - -This is a purely Afrotropical genus of 35 fairly large to large species. The lineage arose ~ 27 Mya. - -Body -: Head moderately large, hairy. Antennae broad and abrupt, shorter than half length of forewing, averaging 42% (38-46%) of forewing for both sexes. Palpi 1 -st -joint four times as long as broad, 2 -nd -joint twice as long as first joint and terminal joint minute, oval. Black with lateral white line. All joints hairy. Thorax elongate; compressed laterally, hairy and scaly. Abdomen long, extending beyond outer edge of hindwings, laterally compressed, broader distally. -Legs -: Anterior legs slender and less than half length of pterothoracic legs; tarsi of male single joint with terminal spine, female tarsi five jointed with spines on each except last, with a terminal spine. Pterothoracic legs robust, external claw of male furrowed on inner surface, two terminal claws asymmetrical in male, symmetrical in female. -Wing venation -: Radial veins of forewing stalked; -R -1 branching off from -R -2- -R -5 well beyond the upper angle of cell. Cell of hindwing slightly more than one third of total wing length. Markings: Hindwing has no spots or coalesced, forming a tight grouping. Hyaline areas and hyaline patches absent. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing or hindwing. -Male genitalia -: Uncus very short with bifid tip; aedeagus long, straight and narrow but not needle like, basally narrow and not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8th tergite or sternite not present; valves comparatively short and angular, incurved and broadly claw-like; juxta small, U-shaped, weakly sclerotized; vinculum large and broad; saccus elongate. -Female genitalia -: Anal lobes short and broad, posterior apophyses as long, or longer, than the lobes; two sub-pupillary glands; sterigma broad and U-shaped; ostium posteriorly placed; ductus short and sclerotized; bursa spherical to ovoid; two pairs of prominent spinose signa. Sphragis present. - - - - -Early stages -: Egg cylindrical, twice as high as wide, evenly domed on top; laid in batches. Pupa with four pairs of long dorsal processes on the first four abdominal segments. -Host plant genera -: - -Adenia - -(13 records), - -Barteria - -(3 records), - -Oncoba - -and - -Vitis - -(2 records each). One record for each of - -Basananthe - -, - -Passiflora - -and - -Tryphostemma - -. -Host plant families -: -Passifloraceae -(15 records), -Salicaceae -and -Vitaceae -(2 records each). -Habitats (biomes) -: - -Bematistes - -is predominantly a forest genus. Forest (19 spp.), submontane forest (3 species), montane forest (2 species). Two species are found in moist woodland. There are no savanna species. -Geographical range -: A genus of the Guineo-Congolian forest block. Best represented in the -Democratic Republic of Congo -(23 spp.), -Cameroon -(19 spp.), -Uganda -(18 spp.), -Tanzania -(16 spp.), -Gabon -(13 spp.) and -Nigeria -(11 spp.). - - - - -Diagnosis - - -Facies: Forewing radials stalked (not stalked in other African genera in the tribe). Generally large butterflies; wings dark with coloured patches; limited spotting restricted towards base of wings. The genus - -Bematistes - -has no hindwing marginal spots and no hyaline areas on the wings. The cell of the hindwing is comparatively short compared to the other genera. Anterior legs of male with terminal spine present; not present in the other African genera. Pupa with four pairs of long dorsal processes not found in other African genera. Some mimics found in - -Telchinia - -. - - -Genitalia: In the male genitalia the uncus is very short; aedeagus long, straight and narrow but not needle-like, basally narrow and not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8 -th -tergite or sternite absent, valves claw-shaped. In the female genitalia the sterigma is broadly U-shaped; there are two pairs of signa (only one pair in other African genera). - - -Species list - - - - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D048FFDA1E763042FE06F8B2.xml b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D048FFDA1E763042FE06F8B2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..30ed7dcb780 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D048FFDA1E763042FE06F8B2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1020 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) + + + +Author + +Williams, Mark C. + + + +Author + +Henning, Graham A. + +text + + +Metamorphosis + + +2023 + +2023-05-17 + + +34 + + +1 + + +35 +49 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4 + +journal article +10.4314/met.v34i1.4 +2307-5031 +14119310 +CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4 + + + + +Genus + +Actinote +Hübner, [1819] + + + + + +Type +species + +Papilio thalia +Linnaeus, 1758 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Calornis +Billberg, 1820 + +; + +Abananote +Potts, 1943 + +; + +Altinote +Potts, 1943 + +. + +This is a Neotropical genus of 59 species. The lineage arose ~ 23 Mya. + + + +Species list + + + +Actinote abana +(Hewitson, 1868) + + + + +Actinote alalia +(C. & R. Felder, 1860) + + + + + +Actinote alberti +Neild & Romero, 2008 + + + + +Actinote alcione +(Hewitson, 1852) + + + + +Actinote anaxo +(Hoppfer, 1874) + + + + +Actinote anteas +(Doubleday, 1847) + + + + +Actinote ballettae +Neild & Romero, 2008 + + + + +Actinote bonita +Penz, 1996 + + + + +Actinote brylla +Oberthür, 1917 + + + + +Actinote callianthe +(C. & R. Felder, 1862) + + + + +Actinote canutia +(Hopffer, 1874) + + + + +Actinote catarina +Penz, 1996 + + + + +Actinote carycina +Jordan +, 1913 + + + + +Actinote conspicua +Jordan +, 1913 + + + + +Actinote dalmeidai +Francini, 1996 + + + + +Figure 8 +– + +Telchinia serena + +(male), the type species of the genus. Left – upper side. Right – underside. Wingspan: 40 mm. Madikwe Nature Reserve, North West Province, South Africa. June 1998. M.C. Williams. + + + + +Actinote dicaeus +(Latreiile, [1817]) + + + + +Actinote discrepans +d’Almeida, 1958 + + + + +Actinote eberti +Francini, Freitas & Penz, 2004 + + + + +Actinote eresia +(C. & R. Felder, 1862) + + + + +Actinote erinome +(C. & R. Felder, 1861) + + + + +Actinote euryleuca +Jordan +, 1910 + + + + +Actinote furtadoi +Paluch, Casagrande & Mielke, 2006 + + + + +Actinote genitrix +d’Almeida, 1922 + + + + +Actinote griseata +Butler, 1873 + + + + +Actinote guatemalena +(Bates, 1864) + + + + +Actinote hilaris +Jordan +, 1910 + + + + +Actinote hylonome +(Doubleday, 1844) + + + + +Actinote intensa +( +Jordan +, 1910) + + + + +Actinote johncoulsoni +Willmott, Lamas & Hall, 2017 + + + + +Actinote kennethi +Freitas, Willmott & Hall, 2009 + + + + +Actinote lapitha +(Staudinger, 1885) + + + + +Actinote latior +Jordan +, 1913 + + + + +Actinote mamita +(Burmeister, 1861) + + + + +Actinote mantiqueira +Freitas +et al +., 2018 + + + + +Actinote melampeplos +Godman & Salvin, [1881] + + + + +Actinote melanisans +Oberthür, 1917 + + + + +Actinote mielkei +Paluch & Casagrande, 2006 + + + + +Actinote mirnae +Paluch & Mielke, 2006 + + + + +Actinote momina +Jordan +, 1910 + + + + +Actinote morio +Oberthür, 1917 + + + + +Actinote negra +(C. & R. Felder, 1862) + + + + +Actinote neleus +(Latreiile, [1813]) + + + + +Actinote ozomene +(Godart, 1819) + + + + +Actinote pallescens +Jordan +, 1913 + + + + +Actinote parapheles +Jordan +, 1913 + + + + +Actinote pellenea +Hübner, [1819] + + + + +Actinote pratensis +Francini, Freitas & Penz, 2004 + + + + +Actinote pyrrha +(Fabricius, 1775) + + + + +Actinote quadra +(Schaus, 1902) + + + + +Actinote rhodope +d’Almeida, 1923 + + + + +Actinote romeroi +Neil & +Costa +, 2008 + + + + +Actinote rubrocellulata +Hayward, 1960 + + + + +Actinote rufina +Oberthür, 1917 + + + + +Actinote stratonice +(Latreiile, [1813]) + + + + +Actinote surima +(Schaus, 1902) + + + + +Actinote tenebrosa +(Hewitson, 1868) + + + + +Actinote thalia +(Linnaeus, 1758) + + + + +Actinote trinacria +(C. & R. Felder, 1862) + + + + +Actinote zikani +d’Almeida, 1951 + + + +Genus + +Telchinia +Hübner, [1819] + + +stat. rev. + + + + +Type +species + +Papilio serena +Fabricius, 1775 Synonyms + +: + +Gnesia +Doubleday, 1848 + +; + +Hyalites +Doubleday, 1848 + +; + +Pareba +Doubleday, 1848 + +; + +Planema +Doubleday, 1848 + +; + +Alacria +Henning, 1992 + +; + +Aurora +Henning, 1992 + +; + +Auracraea +Henning, 1993 + + + +This is an almost exclusively Afrotropical genus of 102 small to fairly large species. One species ( + +T. issoria + +) is found in the +Oriental Region +. The lineage arose ~ 23 Mya. +Body +: Head large, broad and hairy. Antennae shorter than half length of forewing, averaging 43% (38-48%) of forewing for both sexes. Palpi 1 +st +joint twice as long as broad, 2 +nd +joint three times longer than first joint and terminal joint minute, oval. All joints hairy. Thorax short, compressed laterally, hairy and scaly. Abdomen long, extending just beyond outer edge of hindwings, laterally compressed, broader distally. +Legs +: Anterior legs slender and less than half length of pterothoracic legs; tarsi of male single joint without spines, female tarsi five jointed with spines on each except last, no terminal spine. Pterothoracic legs, fairly robust, external claw of male without furrow on inner surface, terminal claws symmetrical or asymmetrical. +Wing venation +: Radial veins of forewing not stalked; +R +1 branching off from cell rather than stalked. Cell of hindwing about half of total wing length. The + +anacreon + +species group has a rudimentary vein between the second cubital and second anal vein, as found in the South American genus + +Actinote + +. Markings: Hindwing has the spots in the row below the apex joined to the central row creating a discontinuous arrangement of spots (7:2 configuration) forming a curved row of spots or spots may be restricted to basal area. Hyaline areas and hyaline patches present. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing upper side in most species except + +anacreon + +species group and + +serena + +species sub-group. +Male genitalia +: Uncus beak-shaped, short or half the length of the tegumen, tip acute; aedeagus short, not narrow and not needle like, may be stout, distally truncate or acute, basally bulbous but not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8th tergite or sternite not present; valves may be long and elongated to short and broad, distally broad but tapering and rounded; juxta small, subtriangular, weakly sclerotized; vinculum fairly broad; saccus, short to pronounced. +Female genitalia +: Anal lobes short and broad, posterior apophyses shorter than the lobes; sterigma forms a pouch-like vestibulum with a posterior projection; ostium anteriorly or posteriorly placed; ductus short; bursa large, elongate to ovoid; single pair of signa, large patch, ovoid to elongated; sub-pupillary gland developed anteriorly; one terminal gland. Sphragis may be present or absent depending on the species group. + + +Early stages +: Egg conical to barrel shaped, may be rounded or flat topped; usually laid in untidy clusters but in some species in a neat single layer. Larvae gregarious; often spin silk to form untidy shelters of dead leaves and entrapped larval frass. Pupa with wing cases usually lined in black. +Host plant genera +: + +Scepocarpus + +(23 records), + +Triumfetta + +(10 records), + +Pouzolzia + +(9 records), + +Laportea + +(8 records), + +Boehmeria + +(7 records), + +Fleurya + +(6 records), + +Adenia + +, + +Aeschynomene + +and + +Hibiscus + +(5 records each), + +Urtica + +and + +Musanga + +(4 records each), + +Myrianthus + +(3 records), + +Obetia + +, + +Commelina + +, + +Desmodium + +, + +Cephaloma + +, + +Clappertonia + +, + +Hermannia + +, + +Alchemilla + +, + +Tectona + +and + +Sparmannia + +(2 records each). One record each for + +Bridelia + +, + +Kolobopetalum + +, + +Mikania + +, + +Dioscorea + +, + +Ficus + +, + +Murdannia +, +Aneleima + +, + +Phaseolus + +, + +Corchorus + +, + +Cordia + +, + +Dombeya + +, + +Gmelina + +, + +Melochia + +, + +Nicotiana + +, + +Sida + +, + +Tilia + +, + +Waltheria +, +Chaemacrista + +, + +Lythrum + +, + +Nesaea +, +Rotola + +, + +Ipomoea +, +Lepistemom + +, + +Merremia + +, + +Passiflora + +, + +Solanum + +, + +Vernonia + +, + +Ancistrocarpus + +, + +Grewia + +, + +Lamium + +, + +Cliffortia + +, + +Wormskioldia + +, + +Cassia + +, + +Kotschya + +, + +Erigeron + +and + +Persicaria + +. +Host plant families +: +Urticaceae +(32 records), +Malvaceae +(11 records), +Fabaceae +(8 records), +Moraceae +(5 records), +Passifloraceae +(4 records), +Asteraceae +, +Commelinaceae +and +Rosaceae +(3 records each), +Menispermaceae +, +Verbenaceae +, +Lamiaceae +and +Solanaceae +(2 records each). One record each for +Phyllanthaceae +, Dioscoraceae, +Boraginaceae +, +Lythraceae +, +Convolvulaceae +, +Turneraceae +and +Polygonaceae +. +Habitats (biomes) +: + +Telchinia + +is predominantly a forest genus. It is distributed as follows: Forest (42 spp.), submontane forest (9 spp.), montane forest (10 spp.), coastal forest ( +1 sp. +), woodland (16 spp.), savanna ( +1 sp. +) and grassland (6 spp.). Ten species are found in marshy areas in a range of biomes. +Geographical range +: The genus occurs throughout the Afrotropical Region, with a single extralimital species in the Oriental Region. The greatest number of species occurs in the forests stretching from +Nigeria +and +Angola +in the west to +Kenya +and +Tanzania +in the east, and south to +Zambia +. + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Facies: In the genus + +Telchinia + +the + +anacreon + +species-group has a rudimentary vein between the second cubital and second anal vein, as found in the Neotropical genus + +Actinote + +. Wings rufous to ochreous, spotted or with colour patches. Hyaline areas and hyaline patches present. There are no marginal markings or spots on forewing upper side in most species except the + +anacreon + +species-group and + +serena + +species-subgroup. Hindwing marginal spots absent in many species. The external claw of the pterothoracic legs is without a furrow on the inner surface, which is present in the other African genera; terminal claws may be symmetrical. + + +Genitalia: The male genitalia in + +Telchinia + +have the aedeagus short, not narrow and not needle-like, may be stout, distally truncate or acute, basally bulbous but not bifid; sclerotized and modified 8 +th +tergite or sternite not present. In the female genitalia the sterigma forms a pouch-like vestibulum with a posterior projection and the signa are a large patch, ovoid to elongated; in other genera they are small, rounded and spinose. + + +Species list + + + +Telchinia bergeri +(Gaede, 1915) + +is regarded to be a +nomen nudem +. + + + +Telchinia acerata +(Hewitson, 1874) + + +comb. rev. + + + + + + +Telchinia actinotina +(Lathy, 1903) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia acuta +(Howarth, 1969) + + +comb. rev. + + + + + + +Telchinia alalonga +(Henning & Henning, 1996) + + +comb. + + +rev. + + + + + + + + +Telchinia alberta +(Eltringham, 1911) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia alciope +(Hewitson, [1852]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + + + +Telchinia alciopoides +(Joicey & Talbot, 1921) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia althoffi +(Dewitz, 1889) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia amicitiae +(Heron, 1909) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia anacreon +(Trimen, 1868) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Telchinia anacreontica +(Grose-Smith, 1898) + + +comb. rev. + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D048FFDB1E763042FC58F840.xml b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D048FFDB1E763042FC58F840.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 8c21e4f1ccd..00000000000 --- a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D048FFDB1E763042FC58F840.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,94 +0,0 @@ - - - -Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) - - - -Author - -Williams, Mark C. - - - -Author - -Henning, Graham A. - -text - - -Metamorphosis - - -2023 - -2023-05-17 - - -34 - - -1 - - -35 -49 - - - - -http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4 - -journal article -10.4314/met.v34i1.4 -2307-5031 -14119310 -CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4 - - - - - -Genus - -Actinote -Hübner, [1819] - - - - - - -Type -species - -Papilio thalia -Linnaeus, 1758 - - - -Synonyms: - -Calornis -Billberg, 1820 - -; - -Abananote -Potts, 1943 - -; - -Altinote -Potts, 1943 - -. - -This is a Neotropical genus of 59 species. The lineage arose ~ 23 Mya. - -Species list - - - - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D04AFFD81E963406FAC1F789.xml b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D04AFFD81E963406FAC1F789.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..baeb73a1f45 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D04AFFD81E963406FAC1F789.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1275 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) + + + +Author + +Williams, Mark C. + + + +Author + +Henning, Graham A. + +text + + +Metamorphosis + + +2023 + +2023-05-17 + + +34 + + +1 + + +35 +49 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4 + +journal article +10.4314/met.v34i1.4 +2307-5031 +14119310 +CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4 + + + + + +Telchinia anacreontica anacreontica +(Grose-Smith, 1898) + + + + +Telchinia anacreontica chyulu +(van Someren, 1939) + + +comb. rev. + + + + + +Telchinia ansorgei +(Grose-Smith, 1898) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia aubyni +(Eltringham, 1912) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia aurivillii +(Staudinger, 1896) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia aurivillii aurivillii +(Staudinger, 1896) + + +Telchinia aurivillii schecana +(Rothschild & +Jordan +, 1905) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia bankoides +(Collins & Larsen, 2021) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia baxteri +(Sharpe, 1902) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Telchinia baxteri baxteri +(Sharpe, 1902) + + +Telchinia baxteri oldeani +(Kielland, 1990) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia bomba +(Grose-Smith, 1889) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia bonasia +(Fabricius, 1775) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia burgessi +(Jackson, 1956) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia burni +(Butler, 1896) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia buschbecki +(Dewitz, 1889) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia cabira +(Hopffer, 1855) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia calida +(Butler, 1878) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia cinerea +(Neave, 1904) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia circeis +(Drury, 1782) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia comor +(Pierre, 1992) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia conradti +(Oberthür, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia conradti conradti +(Oberthür, 1893) + + +Telchinia conradti kuekenthalie +(Le Doux, 1922) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Telchinia disjuncta +(Grose-Smith, 1898) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia encedana +(Pierre, 1976) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia encedon +(Linnaeus, 1758) + + +comb. rev +. + + +Telchinia encedon encedon +(Linnaeus, 1758) + + +Telchinia encedon rathjensi +(Le Doux, 1933) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia encoda +(Pierre, 1981) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia esebria +(Hewitson, [1861]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia excelsior +(Sharpe, 1891) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia excelsior excelsior +(Sharpe, 1891) + + +Telchinia excelsior usambarae +(Jackson, 1951) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia fornax +(Butler, 1879) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia goetzei +(Thurau, 1903) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia grosvenori +(Eltringham, 1912) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia guichardi +(Gabriel, 1949) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia hecqui +(Berger, 1981) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia humilis +(Sharpe, 1897) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia igola +(Trimen, 1889) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia induna +(Trimen, 1895) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia induna induna +(Trimen, 1895) + + +Telchinia induna salmontana +(Henning & Henning, 1996) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia insularis +(Sharpe, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia issoria +(Hübner, [1819]) + + +comb. rev. + +– Extralimital ( +Oriental +) + + + +Telchinia iturina +(Grose-Smith, 1890) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia jodutta +(Fabricius, 1793) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia jodutta jodutta +(Fabricius, 1793) + + +Telchinia jodutta aethiops +(Rothschild & +Jordan +, 1905) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Telchinia johnstoni +(Godman, 1885) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia kaduna +(Pierre, 1993) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia kakana +(Eltringham, 1911) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia kalinzu +(Carpenter, 1936) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia lia +(Mabille, 1879) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia lumiri +(Bethune-Baker, 1908) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia lusinga +(Overlaet, 1955) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia lycoa +(Godart, [1819]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia lycoa lycoa +(Godart, [1819]) + + + + +Telchinia lycoa aequalis +(Rothschild & +Jordan +, 1905) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia lycoa fallax +(Rogenhofer, 1891) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia lycoa kenia +(Eltringham, 1911) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia masamba +(Ward, 1872) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Telchinia masaris +(Oberthür, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia masaris masaris +(Oberthür, 1893) + + +Telchinia masaris jodina +(Pierre, 1992) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia melanoxantha +(Sharpe, 1891) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia mirifica +(Lathy, 1906) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia necoda +(Hewitson, [1861]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia newtoni +(Sharpe, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia ntebiae +(Sharpe, 1897) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia ntebiae ntebiae +(Sharpe, 1897) + + +Telchinia ntebiae nyongana +(d’Abrera, 1980) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia obeira +(Hewitson, 1863) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Telchinia oberthueri +(Butler, 1895) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia oberthueri oberthueri +(Butler, 1895) + + +Telchinia oberthueri laetopicta +(Rebel, 1914) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia ochrascens +(Sharpe, 1902) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia odzalae +(Collins, 1997) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia oreas +(Sharpe, 1891) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia oreas oreas +(Sharpe, 1891) + + + + +Telchinia oreas oboti +(Collins & Larsen, 2000) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia orestia +(Hewitson, 1874) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia orina +(Hewitson, 1874) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia orinata +(Oberthür, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia parei +(Henning & Henning, 1996) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia parei parei +(Henning & Henning, 1996) + + + + +Telchinia parei orangica +(Henning & Henning, 1996) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia parrhasia +(Fabricius, 1793) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia parrhasia parrhasia +(Fabricius, 1793) + + +Telchinia parrhasia servona +(Godart, [1819]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia pelopeia +(Staudinger, 1896) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Telchinia peneleos +(Ward, 1871) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia peneleos peneleos +(Ward, 1871) + + +Telchinia peneleos gelonica +(Rothschild & +Jordan +, 1905) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia penelope +(Staudinger, 1896) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia penelope penelope +(Staudinger, 1896) + + +Telchinia penelope derubeswcens +(Eltringham, 1912) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia pentapolis +(Ward, 1871) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia pentapolis pentapolis +(Ward, 1871) + + +Telchinia pentapolis epidica +(Oberthür, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia perenna +(Doubleday, [1847]) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia perenna perenna +(Doubleday, [1847]) + + +Telchinia perenna kaffana +(Rothschild, 1902) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia pharsalus +(Ward, 1871) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia pierrei +(Berger, 1981) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia polis +(Pierre, 1999) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia pseudepaea +(Dudgeon, 1909) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia pseudepaea pseudepaea +(Dudgeon, 1909) + + + + +Telchinia pseudepaea ziama +(Belcastro, Boireau & Safian, 2020) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia quirinalis +(Grose-Smith, 1900) + + +comb. rev +. + + + + +Telchinia rahira +(Boisduval, 1833) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia rahira rahira +(Boisduval, 1833) + + +Telchinia rahira mufindi +(Kielland, 1990) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia rahira uasingishuensis +(Stoneham, 1943) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia rangatana +(Eltringham, 1912) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia rangatana rangatana +(Eltringham, 1912) + + + + +Telchinia rangatana basilewskyi +(Berger, 1956) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia rangatana bettiana +(Eltringham, 1912) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia rangatana ecketti +(Jackson, 1951) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia rangatana maji +(Carpenter, 1935) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia rileyi +(Le Doux, 1931) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia rupicola +(Schultze, 1912) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia safie +(Felder & Felder, [1865]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia sambavae +(Ward, 1873) + + +rev. comb. + + + + +Telchinia semivitrea +(Aurivillius, 1895) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia serena +(Fabricius, 1775) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia silia +(Mabille, [1885]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia sotikensis +(Sharpe, 1892) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia sotikensis sotikensis +(Sharpe, 1892) + + +Telchinia sotikensis karschi +(Aurivillius, [1899]) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia speciosa +(Wichgraf, 1909) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia strattipocles +(Oberthür, 1893) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia supponina +(Staudinger, 1896) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia toruna +(Grose-Smith, 1900) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia ungemachi +(Le Cerf, 1927) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia uvui +(Grose-Smith, 1890) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia uvui uvui +(Grose-Smith, 1890) + + +Telchinia uvui balina +(Karsch, 1892) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia ventura +(Hewitson, 1877) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia vesperalis +(Grose-Smith, 1890) + + +comb. rev. + + +Telchinia vesperalis vesperalis +(Grose-Smith, 1890) + + + + +Telchinia vesperalis catori +(Bethune-Baker, 1904) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia viviana +(Staudinger, 1896) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia vuilloti +(Mabille, 1889) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia wigginsi +(Neave, 1904) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia wigginsi wigginsi +(Neave, 1904) + + +Telchinia wigginsi occidentalis +(Bethune-Baker, 1926) + + +comb. rev. + + + + +Telchinia zitja +(Boisduval, 1833) + + +comb. rev. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D04CFFDF1DB235F8FECEFDC3.xml b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D04CFFDF1DB235F8FECEFDC3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..756610408f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/D1/15/87/D11587B6D04CFFDF1DB235F8FECEFDC3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the tribe Acraeini Boisduval, 1833 (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) + + + +Author + +Williams, Mark C. + + + +Author + +Henning, Graham A. + +text + + +Metamorphosis + + +2023 + +2023-05-17 + + +34 + + +1 + + +35 +49 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/met.v34i1.4 + +journal article +10.4314/met.v34i1.4 +2307-5031 +14119310 +CED01CF2-E1A6-40A1-87F8-3B91D6EBB2D4 + + + + + + +T. anacreon + +species-group + +: + + + +hindwing with a rudimentary vein between the second cubital and second anal vein; forewing with marginal markings; no hyaline patches; aedeagus elongate, distally acute; sphragis present. + + + + +Telchinia alalonga +(Henning & Henning, 1996) + +, + +Telchinia anacreon +(Trimen, 1868) + +, + +Telchinia anacreontica +(Grose-Smith, 1898) + +, + +Telchinia bomba +(Grose-Smith, 1889) + +, + +Telchinia induna +(Trimen, 1895) + +, + +Telchinia kaduna +(Pierre, 1993) + +, + +Telchinia lusinga +(Overlaet, 1955) + +, + +Telchinia parei +(Henning & Henning, 1996) + +, + +Telchinia speciosa +(Wichgraf, 1909) + +, + +Telchinia wigginsi +(Neave, 1904) + +, + +Telchinia mirifica +(Lathy, 1906) + +, + +Telchinia odzalae +(Collins, 1997) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file