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Synonymized with + +Brachysandalus fuliginosus +( +Erichson, 1842 +) + +by + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 341) + +. Synonymy discarded in the present study, see notes below. + + + + +Notes. + +Reduvius semifasciatus + +Walker, 1873 + + +was described from +two female +specimens ( +syntypes +, which were probably missing as we didn’t find them in NHM with the help of curators) from +Australia +with the following data: “a. +Australia +. Presented by the Entomological Club” and “b. +Australia +. +From Mr. Damel’s +collection”. From the NHM library register, “the Entomological Club” appears under number “1844.12” and “Edward Damel” appears under number “1858.124”: “ +Australia +; Sydney & Moreton Bay; the localities are Maitland "Partinston". +Moreton Bay +, Wollanggong, Paramatta. Sydney.; bought of Samuel; Collected by Edward Damel”. + + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 341) +noted the +types +were missing but nonetheless synonymized + +R. semifasciatus + +with + +B. fuliginosus +( +Erichson, 1842 +) + +. We could not find any specimen matching Walker’s original description for label data but also Walker’s description of + +R. semifasciatus + +does not match colour of the hemelytron, leg and abdomen of + +B. fuliginosus + +( +types +deposited in MFN, +Berlin +. +Fig. 14 +), i.e., “…Abdomen tawny, piceous beneath. Knees tawny… Fore wing blackish, luteous at the base, and with a luteous subcostal patch, which on its hind side joins an irregular whitish band and has on its outer side a forked whitish streak….”. Besides, “Fore lobe of the prothorax distinctly furrowed, rather shorter than the hind lobe” in the original description indicates that + +R. semifasciatus + +can’t be a peiratine species because +Peiratinae +have a transverse sulcus on the pronotum behind the middle of the pronotum ( + +Weirauch +et al. +, 2014 + +). Therefore, the synonym proposed by Cassis & Gross is considered to be an error. And the specimens under the name + +semifasciatus + +in NHM listed above are probably + +B. fuliginosus + +and were misidentified due to this synonym, the +types +of + +R. semifasciatus + +are still considered missing. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFA6FFA2D69CFA99B364DDF8.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFA6FFA2D69CFA99B364DDF8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d22b1acf6f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFA6FFA2D69CFA99B364DDF8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,705 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus punctorius +Stål, 1867 + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 42–45 +) + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus punctorius + +Stål, 1867: 260 + + + +; Maldonado Capriles (1990: 346). +Type +locality: +Australia +( +Moreton Bay +). + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +punctorius + +: + +Stål (1874: 60) + +. + + + + + +Pirates punctorius + +: + +Walker (1873: 126) + +. + + + + + + +Pirates fulvipennis +Walker, 1873: 128 + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +(Melbourne, +Victoria +). Synonymized by + +Cassis & Gross, 1995: 343 + +. Synonymy discarded in the present study. + + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +flavo-pictus +Stål, 1874: 60 + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +(Adelaide, +South Australia +). Synonymized by + +Cassis & Gross, 1995: 343 + +. Synonymy discarded in the present study. + + + + + +Type specimen examined. + +Lectotype +(present designation), brachypterous female, +Typus +, +Moreton +Bay +, Stevens., +punctorius Stål, NHRS-GULI +000000132 ( +NHRS +). + + + +Other specimens examined. +[ + +M, macropterous; B, brachypterous]. +NEW SOUTH WALES +. 1 B male (dissected), +33.35S +146.35E +, +7.5 km +NE by + +N +Gubbata + +, + +4–12.xii.1999 + +, 3 +G, D. Driscoll +pitfalls +, strip, G3 1–8, 12/99 ( +ANIC +) ( +Fig. 43A–C +). + + +1 B female, +33.35S +146.37E +, + +8.5 km +NE of Gubbata + +, + +12–19.xi.1999 + +, 8 +G, D. Driscoll +pitfalls +, ungrazed roadside, no spinifex, ‘G8 1–8 13/11/99’ ( +ANIC +) ( +Fig. 43D–F +); + + +2 B females, +33.56S +146.06E +, +5 km +NE by +E Pulletop Nat. Res. +, + +12–18. x.1999 + +, 10 +P, D. Driscoll +pitfalls +, woodland ( +ANIC +). + + +VICTORIA +. 1 M male, Lake +Hattah, J.E +. +Dixon, J. E. +Dixon Collection Don. + +Jan 1940 + +( +MV +) ( +Fig. 44 +) + +. + + + + +FIGURE 42. + +Brachysandalus punctorius +Stål, 1866 + +, lectotype, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male, brachypterous male and female known, body small sized. Black, shiny, pronotum, scutellum and abdominal sternites with metallic blue lustre ( +Figs. 42–44 +), hemelytron of macropterous male with a large oval yellow spot involving apical 2/3 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins PCu+1A and Cu ( +Fig. 44A +), hemelytron of brachypterous individuals with membrane pale yellow ( +Figs. 42A +, +43A&D +). Fore femur armed below with two rows of minute tubercles, rows separated by a faint median furrow, ventral surface of mid femur also with rows of minute blackish tubercles ( +Figs. 42C +, +43C&F +, +44B +); fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length ( +Figs. 42C +, +43C&F +, +44B +); in male, left side of abdominal sternite VII with an upturned, spine-like extragenital process, located near posterior margin of sternite VII ( +Figs. 43C +, +55F +, +56F +); male genitalia with median pygophore process straight, tapered, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 45B +), and straight, spine-like, apical 1/3 gradually tapered, near base slightly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 45C +); inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite slightly corrugated ( +Fig. 45I +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Brachypterous male and female +( +Figs. 42 +, +43 +) + + + +FIGURE 43. + +Brachysandalus punctorius +Stål, 1866 + +, habitus. A–C, brachypterous male; D–F, brachypterous female. A, D, dorsal view; B, E, lateral view; C, F, ventral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 2.00 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 44. + +Brachysandalus punctorius +Stål, 1866 + +, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 2.00 mm. + + + +Colouration +( +Figs. 42 +, +43 +): Black, shiny. Pronotum, scutellum and abdominal sternites with metallic blue lustre; legs with tarsi brown; hemelytron with membrane pale yellow. + + +Structure +( +Figs. 42 +, +43 +, +45 +): Body small sized, densely covered with yellowish white, procumbent pilosity; antenna also with brown, suberect, short setae; lateral margins of head, lateral margins of pronotum and legs also with brown to blackish brown, suberect, long setae. + + +Head +: Anteocular region elongate triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region typical ellipsoid shape, almost rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles tiny but covered with small granules. Antennae with all segments covered with short yellowish brown pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eye small, reniform, not reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view, width of eye subequal to half width of interocular space in dorsal view. Ocelli reduced and even almost invisible in female, slightly raised, separated from each other by more than three times diameter of single ocellus. Labium with ventral surface sparsely covered with longish setae. + + + +FIGURE 45. + +Brachysandalus punctorius +Stål, 1866 + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F–I, phallus. A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; end, endosoma; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 0.50 mm (for A–C); 0.40 mm (for D–I). + + + +Thorax +: Anterior pronotal lobe nearly spherical, dorsal surface slightly flat, stripes distinct, sulci indistinct, except thin median longitudinal sulcus in basal 1/2. Posterior lobe abbreviated, only slightly wider and much shorter than anterior lobe, posterior margin of pronotum nearly straight with median part slightly convex. Scutellum disc flat and rugulose, scutellar process knobbed and horizontal in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument minutely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron with integument more finely granulate but granules not striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and curved, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly. All sternites with tiny granules, moderately pilose. Mesosternum carinated in middle, metasternum with disc tumid and flat in middle. Hemelytron greatly reduced to a flap, subquadrangular with apex rounded, slightly exceeding posterior margin of first abdominal tergite. + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with golden to yellowish brown pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, much thicker than other femora, armed below with two rows of minute tubercles, rows separated by a faint median furrow; tibia gradually thickened to apex, more or less straight but apex slightly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened, ventral surface also with rows of minute blackish tubercles; tibia with short golden to yellowish brown pilosity for whole length, with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length. Hind coxae separated from each other by less than width of one coxa; femur cylindrical; tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. Tarsi cylindrical, denser short pilosity ventrally. + + +Abdomen +: In male, venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite, slightly curved to right side of body ( +Fig. 43C +); left side of sternite VII with an upturned, spine-like extragenital process, located near posterior margin of sternite VII ( +Figs. 43C +, +55F +, +56F +). Connexivum with golden to yellowish brown pilosity as elsewhere on sternum. Spiracles situated below connexival suture, about halfway between anterior and posterior margin of each segment. Each spiracle with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. In female, same as male, venter of abdomen flat, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII very enlarged, median part of sternite VII with many transverse wrinkles ( +Figs. 42C +, +43F +). + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 45 +): Median pygophore process straight, tapered, oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 45B +); straight, spine-like, apical 1/3 gradually tapered, near base slightly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 45C +). Parameres ( +Fig. 45D&E +) subtriangular and curved in middle, left paramere ( +Fig. 45D +) longer and broader than right paramere ( +Fig. 45E +). Phallus ( +Fig. 45F–I +) in resting condition with length of basal plate subequal to length of basal plate bridge ( +Fig. 45F +), pedicel slightly curved and subequal to length of basal plate ( +Fig. 45H +); length of struts distinctly longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 45F +); apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite bluntly rounded ( +Fig. 45F +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular, inner margin slightly corrugated ( +Fig. 45I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma moderately sclerotized ( +Fig. 45G +); endosoma with five sacciform process, apices covered with rows of tiny, brown papillae ( +Fig. 45F–I +). + + +Macropterous male +( +Fig. 44 +) + +Differs from brachypterous form in the following: hemelytron with a large oval yellow spot involving apical 2/3 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins PCu+1A and Cu, slightly expanding to base of membrane; ocelli slightly raised, separated from each other by about twice diameter of single ocellus; anterior pronotal lobe subtrapezoidal, posterior pronotal lobe not abbreviated, posterior margin arcuate; scutellar process knobbed and slightly directed obliquely in lateral view; metapleural sulcus arcuate; hemelytron well developed, exceeding tip of abdomen. + +Measurements +: [of +lectotype +brachypterous female, followed by one brachypterous male and one macropterous male, and one brachypterous female]. Body length 8.70, 9.00 (B +♂ +), 9.20 (M +♂ +), 9.10 ( +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 3.12, 2.60 (B +♂ +), 2.66 (M +♂ +), 3.12 ( +♀ +); length of head 1.52, 1.58 (B +♂ +), 1.44 (M +♂ +), 1.44 ( +♀ +); length of anteocular region 0.57, 0.64 (B +♂ +), 0.57 (M +♂ +), 0.60 ( +♀ +); length of postocular region 0.50, 0.45 (B +♂ +), 0.50 (M +♂ +), 0.45 ( +♀ +); width of head across eyes 1.14, 0.95 (B +♂ +), 0.98 (M +♂ +), 1.06 ( +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.50, 0.45 (B +♂ +), 0.41 (M +♂ +), 0.45 ( +♀ +); width of interocellar space? indistinct ocelli, 0.19 (B +♂ +), 0.19 (M +♂ +),? indistinct ocelli ( +♀ +); length of eye in dorsal view 0.41, 0.39 (B +♂ +), 0.41 (M +♂ +), 0.38 ( +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view 0.23, 0.30 (B +♂ +), 0.22 (M +♂ +), 0.26 ( +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 0.68, 0.68 (B +♂ +),? (M +♂ +), 0.68 ( +♀ +) / 1.21, 1.36 (B +♂ +),? (M +♂ +), 1.21 ( +♀ +) /?, 1.35 (B +♂ +),? (M +♂ +), 1.06 ( +♀ +) /?, 1.33 (B +♂ +),? (M +♂ +), 1.04 ( +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III 0.62, 0.60 (B +♂ +), 0.64 (M +♂ +), 0.60 ( +♀ +) / 0.87, 0.79 (B +♂ +), 0.87 (M +♂ +), 0.79 ( +♀ +) / 0.45, 0.38 (B +♂ +), 0.38 (M +♂ +), 0.37 ( +♀ +); length of pronotum 2.09, 1.90 (B +♂ +), 2.35 (M +♂ +), 2.15 ( +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe 1.63, 1.44 (B +♂ +), 1.40 (M +♂ +), 1.70 ( +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe 0.48, 0.46 (B +♂ +), 0.87 (M +♂ +), 0.41 ( +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe 1.90, 1.75 (B +♂ +), 1.90 (M +♂ +), 1.83 ( +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe 1.90, 1.90 (B +♂ +), 2.58 (M +♂ +), 1.90 ( +♀ +); length of scutellum 0.87, 0.91 (B +♂ +), 0.87 (M +♂ +), 0.75 ( +♀ +); maximum width of scutellum 0.84, 0.97 (B +♂ +), 1.14 (M +♂ +), 0.95 ( +♀ +); length of hemelytron 1.80, 1.87 (B +♂ +), 6.24 (M +♂ +), 1.60 ( +♀ +); length of fore tibia 1.52, 1.52 (B +♂ +), 1.71 (M +♂ +), 1.57 ( +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia 0.60, 0.46 (B +♂ +), 0.60 (M +♂ +), 0.53 ( +♀ +). + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +Queensland +, +New South Wales +, and +Victoria +). The +lectotype +from Moreton Bay (Qld), and other specimens examined in the present study have come from +New South Wales +, and one macropterous male from Lake Hattah in +Victoria +. + + +Comparative notes. +This species is more similar to + +B. ayyammae + + +sp. nov. + +, see details under comparative notes of + +B. ayyammae + + +sp. nov. + +above. + + + + +Remarks. +Cassis & Gross (1995: 343) +synonymized + +Pirates fulvipennis +Walker, 1873 + +and + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +flavo-pictus +Stål, 1874 + +with + +Brachysandalus punctorius +Stål, 1867 + +. In the present study however the +types +of all these species were examined and found they are not synonyms of + +B. punctorius + +, hence the action by Cassis & Gross is proven to be incorrect. A detailed redescription of + +Pirates fulvipennis + +(with + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +flavo-pictus +Stål, 1874 + +, now its junior synonym) is provided above. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFACFF94D69CFC69B5BADB50.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFACFF94D69CFC69B5BADB50.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1fa4ef2d0cb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFACFF94D69CFC69B5BADB50.xml @@ -0,0 +1,715 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus setosus +( +Stål, 1874 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 48–52 +) + + + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +setosus +Stål, 1874: 60 + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +(Northern +Australia +). + + + + + +Pirates setosus + +: + +Lethierry & Severin (1896: 127) + +. + + + + +Brachysandalus setosus + +: Maldonado Capriles (1990: 346). + + + + +Peirates setosus + +: + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 343) + +. + + + + + +Type specimens examined. + +Lectotype +(present designation), brachypterous female, +Typus +, +Australia +boreal., +Dämel +, + +setosus +Stål, NHRS-GULI + +000000134 ( +NHRS +) + +. + +Paralectotype +(present designation), 1 brachypterous male, same detail as lectotype except NHRS-GULI 000008106 ( +NHRS +) + +. + + +Other specimens examined. +[all brachypterous]. +QUEENSLAND +. +1 female +, Cairns ( +QM +); + +1 female +, +Emu Vale area +, + +i.1941 + +, +J. Henry +( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +Diamantina River +Birdsville, + +x.1977 + +, leg +R. Southern +( +WAM +) + +; + +1 female +, +Deepwater Nat Park + +65 km +NW Bundaberg + +, + +20–26.ix.1992 + +, +G.B. & S.R. Monteith +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, +1 female +, +Millstream Falls +, +Ravenshoe +, + +25.v.1969 + +, +A. Neboiss +( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +Wyberba +nr +Stanthorpe, E +. +Sutton +( +QM +) + +; + +1 female +, +Stanthorpe +, + +21.ix.1930 + +, +E. Sutton +( +MV +) + +; + +2 males +, +Moreton Is. +, + +ix.1982 + +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, +1 female +, +Caboolture +, + +24.v.1925 + +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Burleigh +, + +14.x.1959 + +, +A.N. +B. ( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +National Park +, + +xii.1923 + +, +H. Hacker +( +QM +) + +; + +1 female +, +Brisbane +, + +17.vi.1911 + +, +H. Hacker + +, +1 female +, same except +28.viiii.1911 +, +1 female +, same except +9.ix.1912 +, +1 female +, same except +1.vii.1913 +, +1 male +, same except +10.viii.1913 +( +Fig. 51 +), +1 female +, same except +28.v.1914 +( +Fig. 50 +), +1 female +, same except +4.viii.1914 +, +1 male +, +1 female +, same except +3.viii1915 +, +1 male +, +2 females +, same except +10.viii.1915 +, + +1 male +, same except + +9.iv.1918 + +(all +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Brisbane +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +(dissected), +Acacia Ridge +, +Brisbane +, + +9.ix.1965 + +, +E.C. Dahms +( +QM +) + +. + +NEW SOUTH WALES +. +1 male +, +1 female +, +Coffs Harbour +, + +24.xii.1949 + +, F.D. ( +MV +) + +. + +NORTHERN TERRITORY +. +1 male +, +2 females +, + +14 km +S Adelaide River + +, + +19.ix.1964 + +, +A. Douglas +leg ( +WAM +) + +. + +WESTERN AUSTRALIA +. +1 male +, +Wyndham +, + +7.ix.1964 + +, +A. Douglas +leg ( +WAM +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Brachypterous male and female known, body small-medium sized. Hemelytron with most of membrane yellowish white ( +Figs. 48 +, +49A +, +50A +, +51A +). Sixth and seventh abdominal and connexival segments densely covered with golden, procumbent, longer pubescence ( +Figs. 48 +, +49A +, +50A +, +51A +). Fore femur armed below with two irregular rows of minute black tubercles, rows separated by a faint median furrow, ventral surface of mid femur also armed with rows of minute black tubercles ( +Figs. 49B&C +, +50B&C +, +51B&C +); fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length ( +Figs. 49B&C +, +50B&C +, +51B&C +); in male, abdominal sternite VII without extragenital process ( +Fig. 51B +); male genitalia with median pygophore process short, straight, tapered, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 52B +), and spine-like, gradually tapered except base distinctly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 52C +); inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite smoothly arcuate and with some wrinkles ( +Fig. 52I +). + + + + +FIGURE 48. + +Brachysandalus setosus +( +Stål, 1874 +) + +, live brachypterous male, Brisbane, Queensland, September 2022 (Photo: Campbell Paine). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Brachypterous male and female +( +Figs. 48–51 +) + + +Colouration +( +Figs. 48–51 +): Blackish brown to black. Antenna and legs dark brown (except tarsi brown); third visible labial segment yellowish brown; hemelytron with most of membrane yellowish white. + + +Structure +( +Figs. 48–52 +): Body small-medium sized, densely covered with yellowish white, procumbent pilosity; antenna also with brown, suberect, short setae; lateral margins of head, lateral margins of pronotum and legs also with yellowish brown to brown, suberect, long setae; sixth and seventh abdominal and connexival segments densely covered with golden, procumbent, longer pubescence. + + +Head +: Anteocular region elongate triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region typical ellipsoid shape, almost rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles tiny and almost absent. Antennae with all segments covered with short yellowish brown to brown pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eye small, reniform, not reaching ventral margin of head in lateral view, width of eye slightly more than half width of interocular space in dorsal view. Ocelli reduced and even nearly invisible in female, slightly raised, separated from each other by more than three times diameter of single ocellus. + + + +FIGURE 49. + +Brachysandalus setosus +( +Stål, 1874 +) + +, lectotype, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 50. + +Brachysandalus setosus +( +Stål, 1874 +) + +, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + +Thorax +: Anterior pronotal lobe nearly spherical, stripes distinct, sulci indistinct, except thin median longitudinal sulcus in basal 1/2. Posterior lobe abbreviated, only slightly wider and much shorter than anterior lobe, posterior margin of pronotum slightly arcuate. Scutellum disc flat and rugulose, scutellar process knobbed, slightly directed obliquely in lateral view in male and horizontal in female. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument minutely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron with integument more finely granulate and granules somewhat striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and curved, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly. All sternites with tiny granules, moderately pilose. Mesosternum carinated in middle, metasternum with disc tumid. Hemelytron greatly reduced to a flap, subquadrangular with apex rounded in female and slightly truncate in male, exceeding posterior margin of first abdominal tergite. + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with golden to yellowish brown pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, much thicker than other femora, armed below with two irregular rows of minute black tubercles, rows separated by a faint median furrow; tibia gradually thickened to apex, more or less straight but apex slightly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened, ventral surface also armed with rows of minute black tubercles; tibia with short golden to yellowish brown pilosity for whole length, with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length. Hind coxae separated from each other by less than width of one coxa; femur cylindrical, tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. + + + +FIGURE 51. + +Brachysandalus setosus +( +Stål, 1874 +) + +, brachypterous male, habitus.A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + +Abdomen +: In male, venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite, weakly curved to right side of body ( +Fig. 51B +); sternite VII without extragenital process ( +Fig. 51B +). Connexivum with golden to yellowish brown pilosity as elsewhere on sternum, abdominal sterna and terga entire. Spiracles situated below connexival suture, about halfway between anterior and posterior margin of each segment. Each spiracle with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. In female, same as male, venter of abdomen flat, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII very enlarged ( +Figs. 49B +, +50C +). + + + +FIGURE 52. + +Brachysandalus setosus +( +Stål, 1874 +) + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F–I, phallus. A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 0.50 mm (for A–C); 0.40 mm (for D–I). + + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 52 +): Median pygophore process short, straight, tapered, oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 52B +); spine-like, gradually tapered except base distinctly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 52C +). Left paramere ( +Fig. 52D +) subtrapezoidal with apex truncate, right paramere subtriangular and curved in middle ( +Fig. 52E +). Phallus ( +Fig. 52F–I +) in resting condition with basal plate slightly longer than basal plate bridge ( +Fig. 52F +), pedicel slightly curved and subequal to length of basal plate ( +Fig. 52H&I +); length of struts distinctly longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 52F +); apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite rounded ( +Fig. 52F +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular, inner margin smoothly arcuate and with some wrinkles ( +Fig. 52I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma weakly sclerotized ( +Fig. 52G +). + + +Measurements +: [of +lectotype +female, followed by of +paralectotype +male]. Body length 12.60, 11.70; maximum width of abdomen 4.06, 3.60; length of head 1.90, 1.90; length of anteocular region 0.87, 0.76; length of postocular region 0.57, 0.53; width of head across eyes 1.52, 1.45; width of interocular space 0.66, 0.65; width of interocellar space 0.34, 0.32; length of eye in dorsal view 0.53, 0.57; width of eye in dorsal view 0.38, 0.38; lengths of antennal segments I–IV 1.06, 1.06 / 1.86, 2.10 / 1.74, 1.90 / 2.12, 1.97; length of visible labial segments I–III 0.80, 0.79 / 1.25, 1.25 / 0.50, 0.53; length of pronotum 2.96, 3.07; length of anterior pronotal lobe 2.28, 2.31; length of posterior pronotal lobe 0.68, 0.76; width of anterior pronotal lobe 2.39, 2.47; width of posterior pronotal lobe 2.47, 2.58; length of scutellum 1.02, 1.17; maximum width of scutellum 1.21, 1.21; length of hemelytron 1.78, 2.24; length of fore tibia 2.66, 2.58; length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia 1.14, 1.10. + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +Queensland +, +New South Wales +, +Northern Territory +and +Western Australia +). The +lectotype +female and +paralectotype +male from ‘ +Australia +boreal.’, and other specimens examined in the present study have come from +Queensland +, +New South Wales +, +Northern Territory +and +Western Australia +. + + +Comparative notes +. This species is similar to + +B. punctorius +Stål, 1867 + +but differs from the latter by body not shiny (vs. body shiny in + +B. punctorius + +), sixth and seventh abdominal and connexival segments densely covered with golden, procumbent, longer pubescence (vs. sixth and seventh abdominal and connexival segments without that kind of pubescence in + +B. punctorius + +) and abdominal sternite VII without extragenital process in male (vs. left side of abdominal sternite VII with an upturned, spine-like extragenital process in + +B. punctorius + +). + + + + +Remarks. +The +Northern Territory +and Western Australian specimens generally appear to have more obvious dense and erect bristly setae on their bodies. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFB3FFBED69CFB09B313DFDC.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFB3FFBED69CFB09B313DFDC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f2064d8995 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFB3FFBED69CFB09B313DFDC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1285 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus lurco +Stål, 1867 + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 36 +, +37 +) + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus Lurco + +Stål, 1867: 260 + + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +(Adelaide). + + + + + +Pirates lurco + +: + +Walker (1873: 126) + +. + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +lurco + +: + +Stål (1874: 60) + +. + + + + +Brachysandalus lurco + +: Maldonado Capriles (1990: 346). + + + + +Peirates lurco + +: + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 342) + +. + + + + + +Type specimen examined. + +Lectotype +(present designation), macropterous male, Typus, Adelaide, Stevens., + +lurco +Stål, NHRS-GULI + +000000127 ( +NHRS +). + + + +Other specimens examined. +[ + +M, macropterous; B, brachypterous]. +QUEENSLAND +. 1 B female, +Blackdown Tableland +via +Duaringa +, + +28–29.x.1980 + +, +G.B. Monteith +( +QM +) + +, + +2 B females, same except via +Dingo +, + +1–6.ii.1981 + +( +QM +) + +, + +2 M males (one dissected), same except +Stoney Ck +, + +17–19.xii.1985 + +, at light, +S. Hamlet +( +QM +) + +; + +2 M males, 10 ml W +Collinsville +, + +12.ix.1950 + +, +E.F. Riek +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 M male, +Alpha +, + +25.i.1978 + +( +QM +) + +; + +2 M males, +Mt Moffat N.P. +, top shelter shed, + +1000m + +, + +10–12.xii.1987 + +, +Monteith +, +Thompson +& +Yeates +( +QM +) + +; + +3 M males, +Mt Moffat +N.P., +Top Moffat +camp, + +13–15.xii.1987 + +, +Monteith +, +Thompson +& +Yeates +( +QM +) + +; + +1 M male, +Lake Broadwater +via +Dalby +, + +31.v.1984 + +, +M. Bernie +( +QM +) + +, + +2 M males, same except + +17–19.xii.1985 + +, at light, S. +Hamlet +( +QM +) + +, + +1 B female, same except +Lakeview +, + +25.iii.1985 + +, +G. Thompson +& +M. Bernie +( +QM +) + +, + +1 M male, same except, site 6, + +22.ii.1986 + +, +MV Light, G +. +Monteith +& +G. Thompson +( +QM +) + +, + +1 B female, same except site 7, + +22–25.ii.1986 + +, +G. Monteith +& G. +Thompson +( +QM +) + +; + +1 M male, 1 B female, +Surveyor‘s Gully +, under bark, + +25.ii.1986 + +, +G. Thompson +( +QM +) + +; + +1M male, same except, at light,1 cottage, + +24.ii.1986 + +, G. +Monteith +( +QM +) + +; + +1 M male, +Dalby +, + +6.xii.1935 + +, +N. Gebery +( +QM +) + +; + +1 M male, +Noccundra + +21–22.ix.1990 + +, +G.B. Monteith +( +QM +) + +; + +1 M male, +Rockwood +via +Chinchilla +, + +iii–iv. 1986 + +, +C. Cameron +( +QM +) + +; + +1 M male, +J. C. Galletly +9.12.47 +Biloela +, Brit. Mus. 1955. 438, + +Pirates lurco +Stål M.L. Cook + +det. 1973 ( +NHM +) + +; + +1 M male, +Carnarvon +29.5.54. +T. E. Woodward +, + +Pirates lurco +Stål M.L. Cook + +det. 1973 ( +NHM +) + +; + +1 M male, +B. Champ +4.4.51 Brisbane, + +Pirates lurco +Stål M.L. Cook + +det. 1973 ( +NHM +) + +. + +NEW SOUTH WALES +. 1 B male (dissected), 1 B female, +Dubbo +, + +31.iii. 1956 + +, +C. A. Chadwick +( +ANIC +) + +, + +1 B female, same except + +2.iv.1956 + +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 B female, +Finley, W.B +. +White +( +MV +) + +; + +1 B female, + +26.i.1991 + +, V. +Lorimer +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 B female, +31.12S +151.02E +, +Loomberah +1 km +E, + +29.viii.1990 + +, +D.S. Horning Jr. +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 B male, +Albury +, + +3.vii.1927 + +, +F.E. Wilson +( +MV +) + +; + +1 B female, +Warrumbungle +, + +23.xi.1972 + +, +D. A. Doolan +( +AM +) + +; + +1 M male, +Bogan R. +, J. +Armstrong +( +ANIC +) + +; + +2 M males, + +1 km +W of Coonabarabran + +nr +Timor Rock +, + +4.xi.1982 + +, +S. Doyen +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 M male, +Wallangra +, + +28.ix.1929 + +, +F.A. Rodway +, BM +Mus. +1929-593, +Pirates lurco stal M. +L. Cook +det. 1973 ( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 B male, +Umberrumerka +, +Broken Hill +, + +1.x.1944 + +, +C.E. Chadwick +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 B male, 3 B females, +Caldwell +, + +5.x.1952 + +, +V. Robb +( +MV +) + +; + +1 M male, +New South Wales +( +MV +) + +. + +AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY +. 1 B male, +35.16S +149.05E +, + +1 km +W of Black Mtn. + +, low open forest, under log, + +29.iv.2001 + +, +K. R. Pullen +( +ANIC +) + +. + +VICTORIA +. 1 B female, +Redcliff +, +Donated +by +W.S. Creek +, + +19.iii.1928 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 B male, 4 B females, +Hattah +, +Mallee +, 1913 ( +MV +) + +; + +1 B female, +Lake Hattah +, + +7.i.1920 + +, +J.E. Dixon +( +MV +) + +; + +1 B female, +Mallee dist. +, + +1.ix.1913 + +, +Douglas +( +MV +) + +; + +1 B female, +Woomelana +, +Mallee +, + +6.x.1921 + +( +MV +) + +; + +3 M males, +Nyah +, +Mallee +, +From +C. +French +, + +28.x.1913 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 M male, +Desert +country, +Ouyen +, +Mallee +, + +22.xi.1912 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 M male, +Ouyen +, + +ii.1968 + +, severe sting ( +VAIC +) + +; + +2 M males, +Arapiles +( +MV +) + +; + +1 B male, +Kerang +, + +2.v.1946 + +, +R.E. Trebilcock +( +MV +) + +; + +1 B female, +Pyramid Hill +, +Rev. +E. +Hennell +, + +18.ix.1890 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 B male, +Sedgewick +N +Bendigo +, +From +P.J. +Semmens +, + +21.iii.1911 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 B male, +Wodonga +, + +1.ix.1913 + +, +Douglas +( +MV +) + +; + +2 B males, +St Albans +, + +15.vi.1923 + +, J. E. Dixon +Coll. Don. + +Jan 1940 + +( +MV +) + +. + +SOUTH AUSTRALIA +. 1 M male, +34.03S +140.43E +, +Calperum H. S. + +15 km +NNW Renmark + +, at light, + +14–19.x.1996 + +, +K. R. Pullen +( +ANIC +) + +; + +5 M males, 1 B female, Purnong nr +Murray R. +, +Nat Mus Vic +( +MV +) + +; + +1 M male, +Aldinga Beach. + +27. xii. 1961 + +. +E. B. Britton. +B.M. 1962-153, + +Pirates lurco +Stål + +det. +G.M. Day. +1962 ( +NHM +) + +. + +NORTHERN TERRITORY +. 1 M male, +Mt Conner +, + +7.ix.1947 + +, +Geelong College Exp. +( +MV +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male, brachypterous male and female known, body small-medium sized. Blackish brown to black ( +Fig. 36 +), hemelytron of macropterous male with a yellowish white, oval spot around apical 1/3 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins PCu+1A and Cu ( +Fig. 36A +), hemelytron of brachypterous individuals excluding extreme bases yellow variably on entire membrane area or parts of corium and membrane. Fore femur armed below with two indistinct rows of minute blackish tubercles separated by a faint median furrow, mid femur armed below with minute tubercles in indistinct rows ( +Fig. 36B&C +); fore femur with fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length ( +Fig. 36B&C +); in male, abdominal sternite VII lacking extragenital process ( +Fig. 36C +); male genitalia with median pygophore process straight, tapered with apex sharp, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 37B +), and strongly bent in basal half in lateral view ( +Fig. 37C +); inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite undulate ( +Fig. 37I +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Macropterous male +( +Fig. 36 +) + + +Colouration +( +Fig. 36 +): Blackish brown to black. Apical three antennal segments and labium dark brown; legs with tarsi brown; hemelytron dark brown with a yellowish white, oval spot around apical 1/3 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins PCu+1A and Cu and a whitish, thin, stripe near base of costal margin on membrane, the spot around claval suture sometimes expanded to base of membrane, other area of membrane pale brown. + + +Structure +( +Figs. 36 +, +37 +): Body small-medium sized. Head, pronotum, scutellum and corium with brown setae of varying lengths; dorsal surface of head also covered with yellowish white, short pubescence; antenna densely covered with yellowish white, short pubescence and brown, suberect setae; thoracic pleura, sterna and abdominal sternites densely covered with yellow to yellowish brown, relatively long pubescence; legs densely covered with golden pubescence and brown, long setae. + + +Head +: short fusiform, wholly covered with short whitish pilosity and sparse longer bristly setae, prominent on mandibular plates, dorsal aspect of head and between eyes. Anteocular region triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region abruptly narrowed and rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles slightly obvious and covered with small granules. Antennae with all segments cylindrical, with short whitish pilosity and sparse long dark bristly setae, in addition apical three segments with dense golden bristly setae that are about as long as width of respective segment; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi-and distiflagellum thinnest. Eye large, reniform, reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view; width of eye subequal to width of interocular space in dorsal view. Ocelli well developed, conspicuously raised, separated from each other by about diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by about half diameter of single ocellus. + + + +FIGURE 36. + +Brachysandalus lurco +Stål, 1866 + +, lectotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 4.00 mm. + + + +Thorax +: Anterior lobe of pronotum with integument smooth, stripes distinct, sulci indistinct, except median longitudinal sulcus on basal 2/3 deep and surrounded with an oval shallow depression. Posterior pronotal lobe short, arcuately quadrate, integument finely wrinkled, with short pilosity, humeri rounded, posterior margin almost smoothly rounded. Scutellum with disc slightly depressed and finely wrinkled, scutellar process knob-shaped, slightly directed obliquely in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument minutely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron with integument more finely granulate but granules not striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and arcuate, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly.All sternites with tiny granules, moderately pilose. Mesosternum carinate in middle, metasternum with disc somewhat tumid and flat in middle. Hemelytron well developed, well exceeding tip of abdomen. + + + +FIGURE 37. + +Brachysandalus lurco +Stål, 1866 + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F–I, phallus. A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 0.50 mm (for A–C); 0.40 mm (for D–I). + + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with whitish pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, armed below with two indistinct rows of minute blackish tubercles separated by a faint median furrow; tibia cylindrical, more or less straight but apex slightly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened, armed below with minute tubercles in indistinct rows; tibia with short whitish pilosity for whole length, with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length. Hind leg with femur cylindrical; tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. + + +Abdomen +: Venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite, slightly curved to right side of body, shiny, smooth with sparse longer hairs in addition to pilosity, distinctly carinated and forming a knobbed preapical point on sternite VII ( +Fig. 36C +), sternite VII lacking extragenital process ( +Fig. 36C +). Connexivum with golden pilosity as elsewhere on sternum. Spiracles situated below connexival suture, about halfway between anterior and posterior margin of each segment. Each spiracle with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 37 +): Median pygophore process straight, tapered with apex sharp, oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 37B +); strongly bent in basal half in lateral view ( +Fig. 37C +). Parameres ( +Fig. 37D&E +) broadly falcate, left paramere ( +Fig. 37D +) wider and longer than right paramere ( +Fig. 37E +), apex of left paramere truncate ( +Fig. 37D +). Phallus ( +Fig. 37F–I +) in resting position with length of basal plate subequal to length of basal plate bridge ( +Fig. 37F +), pedicel nearly straight and longer than basal plate ( +Fig. 37H&I +); length of struts longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 37F +); dorsal phallothecal sclerite broad, slightly depressed in middle, apex bluntly rounded ( +Fig. 37F, H&I +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular with inner margin undulate ( +Fig. 37I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma weakly sclerotized ( +Fig. 37G +). + + +Brachypterous male and female + +Differ from macropterous male in: hemelytron excluding extreme bases yellow variably on entire membrane area or parts of corium and membrane, particularly covering inner areas of hemelytron. Body elongate fusiform, markedly narrowed from posterior to anterior end; head with postocular part gradually narrowed; eye rather weakly developed, not reaching lower margin of head in lateral view, width of eye much shorter than width of interocular space in dorsal view; ocelli reduced and less elevated, separated from each other by about or more than twice diameter of single ocellus; anterior pronotal lobe nearly spherical, posterior pronotal lobe abbreviated, only slightly wider and much shorter than anterior lobe; scutellar process horizontal in lateral view; metapleural sulcus more curved than in macropterous male; hemelytron greatly reduced to a flap extending to about midway on abdominal tergite II, broadly rounded posteriorly and sometimes slightly overlapping in midline; dorsum of abdomen with three small scent gland scars of subequal width on terga III–IV, IV–V and V–VI. + +Measurements +: [of +lectotype +macropterous male, followed by one macropterous male and one brachypterous male, and one brachypterous female]. Body length 12.35, 15.76 (M +♂ +), 11.20 (B +♂ +), 13.00 ( +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 3.40, 4.20 (M +♂ +), 3.58 (B +♂ +), 4.68 ( +♀ +); length of head 1.84, 2.30 (M +♂ +), 1.90 (B +♂ +), 1.93 ( +♀ +); length of anteocular region 0.76, 0.95 (M +♂ +), 0.76 (B +♂ +), 0.68 ( +♀ +); length of postocular region 0.45, 0.60 (M +♂ +), 0.52 (B +♂ +), 0.62 ( +♀ +); width of head across eyes 1.55, 1.71 (M +♂ +), 1.40 (B +♂ +), 1.44 ( +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.45, 0.53 (M +♂ +), 0.57 (B +♂ +), 0.64 ( +♀ +); width of interocellar space 0.20, 0.17 (M +♂ +), 0.20 (B +♂ +), 0.30 ( +♀ +); length of eye in dorsal view 0.68, 0.76 (M +♂ +), 0.60 (B +♂ +), 0.57 ( +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view 0.49, 0.53 (M +♂ +), 0.38 (B +♂ +), 0.38 ( +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 0.95, 1.14 (M +♂ +), 0.95 (B +♂ +), 1.10 ( +♀ +) / 2.20, 2.66 (M +♂ +), 1.86 (B +♂ +), 1.78 ( +♀ +) / 2.20,? (M +♂ +),? (B +♂ +), 1.52 ( +♀ +) /?,? (M +♂ +),? (B +♂ +), 1.63 ( +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III 0.75, 0.87 (M +♂ +), 0.79 (B +♂ +), 0.83 ( +♀ +) / 1.17, 1.35 (M +♂ +), 1.14 (B +♂ +), 1.21 ( +♀ +) / 0.45, 0.57 (M +♂ +), 0.41 (B +♂ +), 0.45 ( +♀ +); length of pronotum 2.81, 3.32 (M +♂ +), 2.73 (B +♂ +), 2.85 ( +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe 1.63, 1.90 (M +♂ +), 2.12 (B +♂ +), 2.20 ( +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe 1.10, 1.33 (M +♂ +), 0.58 (B +♂ +), 0.64 ( +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe 2.12, 2.35 (M +♂ +), 2.28 (B +♂ +), 2.47 ( +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe 3.34, 3.80 (M +♂ +), 2.32 (B +♂ +), 2.67 ( +♀ +); length of scutellum 1.52, 1.55 (M +♂ +), 1.00 (B +♂ +), 1.14 ( +♀ +); maximum width of scutellum 1.50, 1.71 (M +♂ +), 1.38 (B +♂ +), 1.25 ( +♀ +); length of hemelytron 10.62, 11.40 (M +♂ +), 2.66 (B +♂ +), 2.70 ( +♀ +); length of fore tibia 2.47, 2.85 (M +♂ +), 2.20 (B +♂ +), 2.28 ( +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia 0.75, 0.83 (M +♂ +), 0.76 (B +♂ +), 0.80 ( +♀ +). + + + + +Distribution. +The specimens examined of + +B. lurco +, + +as redefined in the present study, have come from +Queensland +, +New South Wales +, +Australian Capital Territory +, +Victoria +, +South Australia +, and +Northern Territory +, but not from +Western Australia +, although recorded from Geraldton in the latter state by +Cassis & Gross (1995) +. However, all specimens from +Western Australia +examined in the present study now belong to the related new species + +B. westraliensis + + +sp. nov. + +described below. + + +Comparative notes. +This species is most similar to + +B. westraliensis + + +sp. nov. + +within the genus, see details under comparative notes of + +B. westraliensis + + +sp. nov. + +below. + + + + +Remarks. +This species exhibits morphological abnormalities (teratology cases) of tarsi and tarsal claws in two of the male macropterous specimens examined, one from Blackdown Tableland (Qld) and one from Sedgewick N. Bendigo ( +Victoria +), see further details under cases of leg teratology section below. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFC2FFCCD69CFEE1B3E2DD34.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFC2FFCCD69CFEE1B3E2DD34.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e3ab01e2f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFC2FFCCD69CFEE1B3E2DD34.xml @@ -0,0 +1,946 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus helluo +Stål, 1867 + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 26 +, +27 +) + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus Helluo +Stål, 1867: 260 + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +(Melbourne). + + + + + +Pirates helluo + +: + +Walker (1873: 126) + +. + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +Helluo + +: + +Stål (1874: 60) + +. + + + + +Brachysandalus helluo + +: Maldonado Capriles (1990: 346). + + + + +Peirates helluo + +: + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 342) + +. + + + + + +Type specimen examined. +Lectotype +(present designation), macropterous female, Typus, Melbourne, Stevens., + +helluo +, NHRS-GULI + +000000124 ( +NHRS +). + + +Other specimens examined. +[all macropterous]. +QUEENSLAND +. +1 male +, +24 07S +143 11E +, Noonbah Homestead, +iv.1991 +– +iii.1992 +, A. Emmott ( +QM +). + +NEW SOUTH WALES +. +1 female +, +Caldwell +, + +27.ii.1952 + +, +V. Robb +( +MV +) + +, +5 males +(1 dissected), + +1 female +, same except + +5. x.1952 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Moorna Station +, + +50 km +W Mildura + +( +MV +) + +; + +2 males +, +Trangie station +, + +8–9.iv.1977 + +( +ANIC +) + +. + +VICTORIA +. +1 male +(dissected), +Wimmera. Xii. +12, +L. Kelly +, pres. +By Dr A.E. Shau +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +1 female +, +Hattah +, +Mallee +, 1913 ( +MV +) + +; + +2 males +, +Mallee dist. +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Colac +, + +1.xii.1964 + +, +Dr G. Brown +( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +St Albans +, 27.vii.22, +J.E. Dixon Coll. Don. + +Jan. 1940 + +( +MV +) + +, + +1 male +, same except + +15.vi.1923 + +( +MV +) + +, + +1 female +, same except no date ( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Coburg +, 8.vii.20, +Pres. +/8/23, +J.E. Dixon +( +MV +) + +, + +1 male +, same except 5.viii.21, J.E. +Dixon Coll. Don. + +Jan. 1940 + +( +MV +) + +; + +2 females +, +Melbourne, F.E +. +Wilson +, + +25.ix.1927 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Camberwell +, + +5.x.1968 + +, +I. Faithfull +( +VAIC +) + +; + +4 males +, +Dooen +, + +6.x.1990 + +( +VAIC +) + +, + +1 male +, +same except light trap +, + +27.xii.1990 + +, I.G. +Faithfull +( +VAIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Bairnsdale +, + +x.1993 + +, under grass ( +VAIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +S. Gippsland +, +H.W. Davey +, +Pres. +J.E. +Dixon +/8/23 ( +MV +) + +; + +2 females +, +Victoria +, +Pres +by +J.E. Dixon +/5/1923 ( +MV +) + +, + +2 females +, same except +Pres +by +J.E. Dixon +, + +viii. 1923 + +( +MV +) + +. + +SOUTH AUSTRALIA +. +1 male +, +34 03S +14 43E +, +Calperum +HS, + +15 km +NNW Renmark + +, + +10–13.x.1995 + +, at light, +H. Sutrisno +& +K.R. Pullen +( +ANIC +) + +, + +1 male +, same except + +14.xii.1995 + +, K.R. +Pullen +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Etadunna +, + +ix.1971 + +– + +ix.1972 + +, +B. & C. Oldfield +( +WAM +) + +, + +1 male +, same except + +3.x.1972 + +, +M. Archer +& K. +Oldfield +( +WAM +) + +; + +1 female +, +Stirtons Old Campsite +, +Etadunna Station +via +Marrie, M +..& +E. Archer +( +WAM +) + +; + +1 female +, +Kangaroo Is. +, + +19.viii.1950 + +, +C. Oke +( +MV +) + +. + +NORTHERN TERRITORY +. +2 males +, +1 female +, +Oenpelli, D.P +. +Cahill +12.18 ( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Wave Hill Stn +, +Victoria +River +, 7/ + +15. i. 1962 + +, +J.R. Tonkinson +( +WAM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Kildork +, + +16. i.1969 + +, +D. Durack +( +WAM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Tennant Ck +, +National Museum +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +15 58S +136.21E +, +12 km +NNE of +Borroloola +, + +1.xi.1975 + +, +M.S. Upton +( +ANIC +) + +. + +WESTERN AUSTRALIA +. +1 male +, +17 23S +124 44E +, +Lennard River +Xing, Gibb +River Road +, +Kimberley +, at MV light, + +1.iv.1988 + +, +T. Houston +879-4 ( +WAM +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male and female known, body large sized. Blackish brown to black ( +Fig. 26 +), hemelytron with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu ( +Fig. 26A +). Fore femur armed below with two irregular rows of tubercles, outer tubercles large and conical, inner ones minute, ventral surface of mid femur densely covered with short blackish brown bristly setae ( +Fig. 26B&C +); fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa slightly more than 1/3 its length ( +Fig. 26B&C +); in male, left side of abdominal sternite VII with a long, upturned, spine-like extragenital process, apical part slightly curved ( +Figs. 55D +, +56D +); male genitalia with median pygophore process long, straight, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 27B +), and spatulate, apex less acutely pointed, blade of process near base slightly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 27C +); inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite corrugated except a slightly protruding round process at lower angle ( +Fig. 27I +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Macropterous male and female +( +Fig. 26 +) + + +Colouration +( +Fig. 26 +): Blackish brown to black. Dorsal surface of head, pronotum and scutellum black; apical three antennal segments dark brown; legs dark brown except tarsi paler; hemelytron brown, with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu, membrane pale brown, with a yellowish white, thin, curved stripe near base of costal margin. + + + +FIGURE 26. + +Brachysandalus helluo +Stål, 1866 + +, lectotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view. Scale bar = 5.00 mm. + + + +Structure +( +Figs. 26 +, +27 +): Body large sized. Antenna, head, pronotum, coxal cavities and thoracic sterna covered with yellowish white, short pubescence; legs covered with yellowish brown to dark brown, suberect setae of varying lengths, ventral surface of mid femur also with blackish brown, short bristles; abdominal sternites sparsely coved with yellow, procumbent, long hairs. + + + +FIGURE 27. + +Brachysandalus helluo +Stål, 1866 + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F–I, phallus. A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 1.00 mm (for A–C); 0.80 mm (for D–I). + + + +Head +: Anteocular region elongate triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated and knobbed above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region almost rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles small. Antennae with all segments covered with short brown pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eyes large, reniform, reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view in male and nearly reaching ventral view in female, width of eye subequal to width of interocular space in dorsal view in male but shorter than width of interocular space in female. Ocelli well developed, slightly raised, separated from each other by about diameter of single ocellus in male and by more than diameter of single ocellus in female, separated from eye by less than diameter of single ocellus in male and by about diameter of single ocellus in female. + + +Thorax +: Anterior lobe of pronotum with distinct stripes, sulci indistinct, except median longitudinal sulcus on basal half of anterior pronotal lobe deep and surrounded with a shallow, oval depression. Posterior pronotal lobe short, arcuately quadrate, integument smooth, humeri rounded, posterior margin arcuate. Scutellum disc flat and rugulose, scutellar process knobbed, slightly directed obliquely in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument minutely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron with integument more finely granulate and granules distinctly striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and arcuate, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly. All sternites with tiny granules, moderately pilose. Mesosternum carinate in middle, metasternum with disc tumid. Hemelytron slightly exceeding tip of abdomen in male and reaching anterior margin of abdominal tergite VII to nearly reaching tip of abdomen in female. + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with yellowish brown pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, armed below with two irregular rows of tubercles, outer tubercles large and conical, inner ones minute; tibia gradually thickened to apex, more or less straight but apex slightly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened, ventral surface densely covered with short blackish brown bristly setae; tibia with short yellowish brown to brown pilosity for whole length, with fossula spongiosa slightly more than 1/3 its length. Hind coxae separated from each other by less than width of one coxa; femur cylindrical; tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. + + +Abdomen +: In male, venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite, curved to right side of body, distinctly carinated and forming a knobbed preapical point on sternite VII; left side of sternite VII with a long, upturned, spine-like extragenital process, apical part slightly curved, located near posterior margin of sternite VII ( +Figs. 55D +, +56D +). Connexivum with golden to yellowish brown tiny pilosity as elsewhere on sternum. Spiracles situated below connexival suture, and each with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. In female, same as male, venter of abdomen flat, lacking median carina, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII very enlarged, sternite VII with many transverse wrinkles ( +Fig. 26C +). + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 27 +): Median pygophore process long, straight and oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 27B +); spatulate, apex less acutely pointed, blade of process near base slightly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 27C +). Parameres ( +Fig. 27D&E +) with outer surfaces densely covered with yellowish brown hairs, left paramere ( +Fig. 27D +) broadly falcate with apex truncate, right paramere ( +Fig. 27E +) subtriangular. Phallus ( +Fig. 27F–I +) in resting condition with basal plate subequal to basal plate bridge ( +Fig. 27F +), pedicel slightly curved and slightly shorter than basal plate ( +Fig. 27H&I +); length of struts distinctly longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 27F +); apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite blunt ( +Fig. 27F +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular, inner margin corrugated except a slightly protruding round process at lower angle ( +Fig. 27I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma moderately sclerotized ( +Fig. 27G +). + + +Measurements +: [of +lectotype +female, followed by +one male +and +one female +]. Body length 18.26, 20.59 ( +♂ +), 21.06 ( +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 5.60, 5.92 ( +♂ +), 6.70 ( +♀ +); length of head 2.81, 2.28 ( +♂ +), 2.85 ( +♀ +); length of anteocular region 1.14, 0.95 ( +♂ +), 1.06 ( +♀ +); length of postocular region 0.64, 0.45 ( +♂ +), 0.68 ( +♀ +); width of head across eyes 1.97, 2.16 ( +♂ +), 2.24 ( +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.87, 0.72 ( +♂ +), 0.90 ( +♀ +); width of interocellar space 0.25, 0.26 ( +♂ +), 0.25 ( +♀ +); length of eye in dorsal view 0.91, 0.83 ( +♂ +), 0.98 ( +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view 0.50, 0.72 ( +♂ +), 0.69 ( +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 1.63, 1.90 ( +♂ +), 1.90 ( +♀ +) / 2.77, 3.23 ( +♂ +), 3.11 ( +♀ +) /?, 3.45 ( +♂ +), 3.23 ( +♀ +) /?,? ( +♂ +),? ( +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III 1.20, 1.14 ( +♂ +), 1.25 ( +♀ +) / 1.60, 1.76 ( +♂ +), 1.90 ( +♀ +) /0.76, 0.79 ( +♂ +), 0.75 ( +♀ +); length of pronotum 4.37, 4.56 ( +♂ +), 4.70 ( +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe 2.77, 2.66 ( +♂ +), 3.04 ( +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe 1.59, 1.90 ( +♂ +), 1.59 ( +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe 3.50, 3.49 ( +♂ +), 3.80 ( +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe 4.70, 5.77 ( +♂ +), 5.30 ( +♀ +); length of scutellum 1.97, 2.20 ( +♂ +), 1.97 ( +♀ +); maximum width of scutellum 2.10, 2.69 ( +♂ +), 2.13 ( +♀ +); length of hemelytron 11.20, 14.82 ( +♂ +), 11.85 ( +♀ +); length of fore tibia 3.42, 3.99 ( +♂ +), 3.42 ( +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia 1.33, 1.55 ( +♂ +), 1.30 ( +♀ +). + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +Queensland +, +New South Wales +, +Victoria +, +South Australia +, +Northern Territory +and +Western Australia +). + + +Comparative notes. +This species is related to + +B. sepulchralis +( +Distant, 1902 +) + +but differs from the latter in abdominal sternites sparsely coved with yellow, procumbent, long hairs (vs. abdomen nearly glabrous with extremely sparse hairs on sternites in + +B. sepulchralis + +) and extragenital process of male long, upturned, spine-like, apical part slightly curved (vs. extragenital process of male large, curved triangular, median part depressed in + +B. sepulchralis + +). + + + + +Remarks. +One macropterous male specimen from Caldwell (NSW), exhibits abnormalities of tarsus and tarsal claws of left mid leg ( +Fig. 57D–F +), see further details under cases of leg teratology section below. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFCBFFB6D69CFF50B254DE80.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFCBFFB6D69CFF50B254DE80.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d75f58110d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFCBFFB6D69CFF50B254DE80.xml @@ -0,0 +1,732 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus limbatus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 31–33 +) + + + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +limbatus + +Reuter, 1881: 314 + + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +. + + + + + +Pirates limbatus + +: + +Lethierry & Severin (1896: 126) + +. + + + + +Brachysandalus limbatus + +: Maldonado Capriles (1990: 346). + + + + +Peirates limbatus + +: + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 342) + +. + + + + + +Type specimen examined. + +Lectotype +(present designation), brachypterous female, +Typus +, +Australia +, + +limbatus +Typ. Reut., NHRS-GULI + +000000126 ( +NHRS +). + + + +Other specimens examined. +[ + +M, macropterous; B, brachypterous]. +QUEENSLAND +. 2 M males, 1 M female, +24.07S +143.11E +, +Noonabah Homestead +, + +iv.1991 + +– + +iii.1992 + +, +A. Emmott +( +QM +) + +; + +2 M males, +Julia Creek +, + +14.xii.1954 + +, +I.G. Filmer +( +QM +) + +; + +1 M female, +Longreach +, +Pastoral +coll., + +17.i.1972 + +, at light, +R.A.H. Davies +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 M male, +Isisford +, + +16.x.1933 + +, +M. Robertson +( +QM +) + +; + +1 M male, +Braemer S.F. +via +Kogan +, + +15–19.x.1979 + +, +G.B. Monteith +( +QM +) ( +Fig. 32 +) + +. + +NEW SOUTH WALES +. 1 B female, +Bogan R. +, +J. Armstrong +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 M male, +Tibooburra +, + +16.xi.1949 + +, +E.F. Riek +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 M male (dissected), +Trangie +, + +20.x.1949 + +, +E.F. Riek +( +ANIC +) + +. + +SOUTH AUSTRALIA +. 2 M females, +Etadunna Station +, + +x.1972 + +, +K&B Oldfield +( +WAM +) + +; + +1 M female, +Stintons +campsite on +Etadunna Station +via +Marrie +, +M. & E. Archer +( +WAM +) + +; + +1 M female, +Algebuckina + +50 km +SE Odnadatta + +, + +8.ix.1988 + +, +G.B. Monteith +( +QM +) + +. + +WESTERN AUSTRALIA +. 1 B female, +Dumbleyung +, + +8.xii.1962 + +, +H. Udell +leg. ( +WAM +) + +; + +1 M male, +Geraldton +, + +3.ix.1958 + +, +LeSouef +( +MV +) + +; + +1 M male, + +Noonkandah, +N.V + +. +Austr. Mjoberg +dec, NHRS-GULI 000072744 ( +NHRS +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male and female and brachypterous female known, body medium sized. Orange-yellow and blackish brown, antenna, labium and most parts of legs orange-yellow, abdomen sternites dark orange ( +Figs. 31 +, +32 +); hemelytron of macropterous individuals with clavus yellow except most base dark brown, corium orange-yellow except area between veins Pcu+1A and Cu yellow, sometimes with a longitudinal brown stripe between veins R+M and Sc ( +Fig. 32A +), hemelytron of brachypterous female yellow except extreme base and apical 1/3 brown ( +Fig. 31A +). Fore femur armed below with two irregular rows of brownish tubercles, outer two or three tubercles large and spine-like, inner ones minute, rows separated by a faint median line, ventral surface of mid femur also armed with tubercles like fore femora ( +Figs. 31B&C +, +32B&C +); fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying slightly more than 1/3 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length ( +Figs. 31B&C +, +32B&C +); in male, left side of sternite VII lacking extragenital process ( +Fig. 32B +); male genitalia with median pygophore process straight, tapered with apex sharp, venter strongly ridged with apex pointed in caudal view ( +Fig. 33B +), and broadly spatulate, apex rounded, blade of process near base distinctly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 33C +); inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite serrated ( +Fig. 33I +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Macropterous male and female +( +Fig. 32 +) + + +Colouration +( +Fig. 32 +): Orange-yellow and blackish brown. Head and thorax blackish brown; antenna, labium and legs (except coxae dark brown, apices of tibiae brown) orange-yellow; connexivum orange-yellow, abdomen sternites dark orange, sometimes with brownish markings, sternites I–III dark brown; hemelytron with clavus yellow except most base dark brown, corium orange-yellow except area between veins Pcu+1A and Cu yellow, sometimes with a longitudinal brown stripe between veins R+M and Sc, membrane brown with a yellowish, thin, curved stripe near base of costal margin. + + +Structure +( +Figs. 32 +, +33 +): Body medium sized, densely covered with yellowish white to yellow pilosity; antenna also with brown, suberect, short setae; legs also with yellowish brown to blackish brown, suberect setae of varying lengths. + + +Head +: Anteocular region elongate triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated and knobbed above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region almost rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles relatively distinct.Antennae with all segments covered with short golden to yellowish brown pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eye reniform, nearly reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view; width of eye about half width of interocular space in dorsal view in male but slightly shorter than half width of interocular space in female. Ocelli slightly raised, separated from each other by slightly less than diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by about diameter of single ocellus. Labium with ventral surface sparsely covered with longish setae. + + + +FIGURE 31. + +Brachysandalus limbatus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + +, lectotype, brachypterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 2.00 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 32. + +Brachysandalus limbatus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + +, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + +Thorax +: Anterior lobe of pronotum with distinct stripes, sulci indistinct, except median longitudinal sulcus on basal 2/3 of anterior pronotal lobe distinct. Posterior pronotal lobe short, arcuately quadrate, integument finely rugulose, humeri rounded, posterior margin of pronotum arcuate. Scutellum disc flat and finely rugulose, scutellar process long with apex knobbed, slightly directed obliquely in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument finely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron finely granulate and granules somewhat striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and arcuate, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly.All sternites with tiny granules, moderately pilose. Mesosternum slightly carinated in middle, metasternum with disc tumid. Hemelytron well developed, distinctly exceeding tip of abdomen in male and nearly reaching tip of abdomen in female. + + + +FIGURE 33. + +Brachysandalus limbatus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F– I, phallus. A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 0.50 mm (for A–C); 0.40 mm (for D–I). + + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with yellowish brown pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, much thicker than other femora, armed below with two irregular rows of brownish tubercles, outer two or three tubercles large and spine-like, inner ones minute, rows separated by a faint median line; tibia gradually thickened to apex, more or less straight but apex slightly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying slightly more than 1/3 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened, ventral surface also armed with tubercles like fore femora; tibia with short yellowish brown pilosity for whole length, with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length. Hind coxae separated from each other by slightly less than width of one coxa; femur cylindrical, tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. + + +Abdomen +: In male, venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite ( +Fig. 32B +); left side of sternite VII lacking extragenital process ( +Fig. 32B +). Connexivum with golden to yellowish brown pilosity as elsewhere on sternum, abdominal sterna and terga entire. Spiracles situated below connexival suture and each spiracle with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. In female, same as male, venter of abdomen flat, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII very enlarged, sternite VII with some transverse wrinkles. + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 33 +): Median pygophore process straight, tapered with apex sharp and oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged with apex pointed in caudal view ( +Fig. 33B +); broadly spatulate, apex rounded, blade of process near base distinctly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 33C +). Parameres ( +Fig. 33D&E +) more or less falcate with apices blunt, left paramere ( +Fig. 33D +) longer, slenderer and more curved in middle than right paramere ( +Fig. 33E +). Phallus ( +Fig. 33F–I +) in resting condition with basal plate subequal to length of basal plate bridge ( +Fig. 33F +), pedicel straight and slightly shorter than basal plate ( +Fig. 33H&I +); length of struts distinctly longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 33F +); apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite rounded ( +Fig. 33F +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular, inner margin serrated ( +Fig. 33I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma strongly sclerotized ( +Fig. 33G +). + + +Brachypterous female +( +Fig. 31 +) + + +Differs from macropterous form in: hemelytron yellow except extreme base and apical 1/3 brown; abdomen with tergites I–III dark brown, tergites IV–VI and most of tergite VII blackish brown, posterior margin of tergite VII and genitalic part orange; abdominal sternites dark brown except sternite VII and genitalic part orange-yellow; eyes weakly developed, not reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view, width of interocular space about 3.5 times as long as width of eye in dorsal view; ocelli reduced and less raised, separated from each other by about or more than twice diameter of single ocellus; anterior pronotal lobe nearly spherical, median longitudinal sulcus on basal half deep and surrounded with a shallow, oval depression, posterior lobe distinctly abbreviated, only slightly wider and much shorter than anterior lobe, posterior margin of pronotum nearly straight with median part slightly convex; metapleural sulcus more curved; hemelytron greatly reduced to a flap, subquadrangular with apex rounded, slightly surpassing anterior margin of abdominal tergite I; dorsum of abdomen with three small scent gland scars of subequal width on terga III–IV, IV–V and V–VI; venter of abdomen in some individuals with a median, straight ridge ( +Fig. 31B +). + + +Measurements +: [of one macropterous male, followed by one macropterous female and one brachypterous female]. Body length 13.72 ( +♂ +), 13.52 (M +♀ +), 12.15 (B +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 4.21 ( +♂ +), 4.36 (M +♀ +), 3.90 (B +♀ +); length of head 2.05 ( +♂ +), 1.90 (M +♀ +), 1.93 (B +♀ +); length of anteocular region 0.76 ( +♂ +), 0.76 (M +♀ +), 0.79 (B +♀ +); length of postocular region 0.57 ( +♂ +), 0.68 (M +♀ +), 0.64(B +♀ +); width of head across eyes 1.52 ( +♂ +), 1.21 (M +♀ +), 1.14 (B +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.72 ( +♂ +), 0.68 (M +♀ +), 0.57 (B +♀ +); width of interocellar space 0.32 ( +♂ +), 0.27 (M +♀ +), 0.22 (B +♀ +); length of eye in dorsal view 0.57 ( +♂ +), 0.38 (M +♀ +), 0.40 (B +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view 0.38 ( +♂ +), 0.30 (M +♀ +), 0.26 (B +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 1.33 ( +♂ +), 1.14 (M +♀ +),? (B +♀ +) / 2.85 ( +♂ +), 2.09 (M +♀ +),? (B +♀ +) / 2.96 ( +♂ +), 2.47 (M +♀ +),? (B +♀ +) / 3.11 ( +♂ +),? (M +♀ +),? (B +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III 0.91 ( +♂ +), 0.83 (M +♀ +), 0.76 (B +♀ +) / 1.25 ( +♂ +), 1.14 (M +♀ +), 1.14 (B +♀ +) / 0.57 ( +♂ +), 0.49 (M +♀ +), 0.40 (B +♀ +); length of pronotum 3.45 ( +♂ +), 3.42 (M +♀ +), 2.43 (B +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe 2.28 ( +♂ +), 2.09 (M +♀ +), 1.82 (B +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe 1.25 ( +♂ +), 1.25 (M +♀ +), 0.60 (B +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe 2.28 ( +♂ +), 2.09 (M +♀ +), 1.82 (B +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe 3.61 ( +♂ +), 3.49 (M +♀ +), 2.00 (B +♀ +); length of scutellum 1.59 ( +♂ +), 1.33 (M +♀ +), 1.14 (B +♀ +); maximum width of scutellum 1.97 ( +♂ +), 1.53 (M +♀ +), 1.14 (B +♀ +); length of hemelytron 9.67 ( +♂ +), 6.56 (M +♀ +), 2.09 (B +♀ +); length of fore tibia 2.58 ( +♂ +), 2.28 (M +♀ +), 2.28 (B +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia 0.83 ( +♂ +), 0.76 (M +♀ +), 0.90 (B +♀ +). + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +Queensland +, +New South Wales +, +South Australia +, and +Western Australia +). +Cassis & Gross (1995) +recorded this species also from the +Northern Territory +, but these specimens were not located and examined in the present study. + + +Comparative notes. +This species is similar to + +B. fulvipes + + +sp. nov. + +, especially in colour pattern of hemelytron, but differs from the later by most parts of legs and abdomen orange (vs. most parts of legs yellowish brown, abdomen dark brown in + +B. fulvipes + + +sp. nov. + +) and abdominal sternite VII lacking extragenital process in male (vs. abdominal sternite VII with a small spine-like extragenital process on left side in male in + +B. fulvipes + + +sp. nov. + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFD0FFD8D69CFAFDB6E4DD34.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFD0FFD8D69CFAFDB6E4DD34.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0f7fe697eed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFD0FFD8D69CFAFDB6E4DD34.xml @@ -0,0 +1,771 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus fulvipennis +( +Walker, 1873 +) + +stat. rev. +& comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs. 17–20 +) + + + + + + + +Pirates fulvipennis +Walker, 1873: 128 + + +. + + + + + +Type +locality: +Australia +(Melbourne). Synonymized with + +Brachysandalus punctorius +Stål, 1867 + +by + +Cassis & Gross, 1995: 343 + +. Synonymy discarded and status revalidated in present study, see notes under + +B. punctorius + +below. + + + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +flavo-pictus +Stål, 1874: 60 + + +. + +New name for + +Brachysandalus fuliginosus + +var. +b + +Stål, 1867: 260 + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +(Adelaide, +South Australia +). Synonymized by + +Cassis & Gross, 1995: 343 + +. + + + + +Sirthenea fulvipennis + +: + +Lethierry & Severin (1896: 129) + +; + +Maldonado Capriles (1990: 373); + +Chłond (2018: 3 + +, 4), excluded from + +Sirthenea + +without proposing a new status. + + + +Brachysandalus flavopictus + +: Maldonado Capriles (1990: 345). + + + + +Type specimens examined. +Lectotype +(present designation), macropterous male, 50.117, australia, NHMUK 013588781 ( +NHM +); +Paralectotype +(present designation), 1 macropterous male, 50.117, australia, NHMUK 013588782 ( +NHM +); +Paralectotype +(present designation), 1 macropterous male, Type, Melbourne 56 120, 108. + +Pirates fulvipennis + +. ( +NHM +). +Lectotype +of + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +flavo-pictus +Stål, 1874 + +(present designation), macropterous male, Typus, Stål, Adelaide, + +flavopictus +Stål, NHRS-GULI + +000000121 ( +NHRS +). + + +Other specimens examined. +[ + +M, macropterous; B, brachypterous]. +VICTORIA +. 1 M male, +Hattah +, +Mallee +, 1913, +J.E. Dixon Collection Don + +Jan 1940 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 M male, +Clarkefield +, + +25.ix.1920 + +, +F.E. Wilson +( +MV +) + +; + +3 M males, 1 B male (dissected), 2 B females, +Broken River +, +Benalla Dist. +, +J.E. Dixon Don + +Jan 1940 + +( +MV +) + +, + +2 M males, +Benalla Dist. +, +J.E. Dixon Collection +, +Don + +Jan 1940 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 M male (dissected), +Yackandah, H.W +. +Davey +( +MV +) + +; + +2 M males (1 dissected), +Springvale +, + +Pirates flavipennis +Wlk. Det B. Uvarov (MV) + +; 1 M males, +St Albans +, + +15.vi.1923 + +, +J.E. Dixon +D-.5.23 ( +MV +) + +, + +1 M male, same locality, + +27.vi.1924 + +, +J.E. Dixon Collection Don + +Jan 1940 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 M male, S. +Morang +, +J. E. Dixon +, +J.E. Dixon Collection Don + +Jan 1940 + +( +MV +) + +; + +2 M males, +Victoria +, no locality, D. -.8.1923, +J.E. Dixon +( +MV +) + +; + +1 M male, 1 B female, +National Museum +of +Victoria +Melbourne, no locality, ac.38 (on reverse of label) ( +MV +) + +. + + + + +FIGURE 17. + +Brachysandalus fulvipennis +( +Walker, 1873 +) + +, lectotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 18. + +Brachysandalus fulvipennis +( +Walker, 1873 +) + +, lectotype of + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +flavo-pictus +Stål, 1874 + +, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 19. + +Brachysandalus fulvipennis +( +Walker, 1873 +) + +, habitus, dorsal view. A, brachypterous male; B, brachypterous female; C, macropterous male. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male, brachypterous male and female known, body small-medium sized. Blackish brown to black ( +Figs. 17–19 +), hemelytron of macropterous male with clavus and corium yellow except extreme bases dark brown, membrane brown except base yellow and with a yellowish white, flexed, wide stripe along R and M veins ( +Figs. 17A +, +18A +, +19C +), hemelytron of brachypterous individuals yellow except extreme base brown ( +Fig. 19A&B +). Fore femur armed below with two rows of minute tubercles, ventral surface of mid femur also armed with rows of tiny tubercles ( +Figs. 17B +, +18B&C +); fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying slightly more than 1/3 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa no more than 1/3 its length ( +Figs. 17B&C +, +18B&C +); in male, abdominal sternite VII lacking extragenital process ( +Fig. 18B +); male genitalia with median pygophore process straight, tapered with apex sharp and oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 20B +), and spine-like, gradually narrowing to a point at apex while near base constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 20C +); inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite with several sharp denticles ( +Fig. 20I +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Macropterous male +( +Figs. 17 +, +18 +, +19C +) + + +Colouration +( +Figs. 17 +, +18 +, +19C +): Blackish brown to black. Apical three antennal segments, third visible labial segment and tarsi brown; hemelytron with clavus and corium yellow except extreme bases dark brown, membrane brown except base yellow and with a yellowish white, flexed, wide stripe along R and M veins. + + +Structure +( +Figs. 17 +, +18 +, +19C +, +20 +): Body small-medium sized. Most of body densely covered with yellowish white, short pilosity; antenna also with brown, suberect, short setae; lateral margins of head, lateral margins of pronotum and legs also with brown, erect, relatively long setae. + + +Head +:Anteocular region elongate triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated and knobbed above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region almost rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles almost invisible. Antennae with all segments covered with short golden to yellowish brown pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eye relatively small, occupying 1/2 height of head in lateral view, width of eye distinctly shorter than width of interocular space in dorsal view. Ocelli weakly developed, slightly raised, separated from each other by nearly twice diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by more than twice diameter of single ocellus. + + + +FIGURE 20. + +Brachysandalus fulvipennis +( +Walker, 1873 +) + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F–I, phallus.A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view.Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 1.00 mm (for A–C); 0.80 mm (for D–I). + + + +Thorax +: Anterior lobe of pronotum with distinct stripes, sulci indistinct, except median longitudinal sulcus on basal half of anterior pronotal lobe deep and surrounded with a shallow, oval depression. Posterior pronotal lobe short, arcuately quadrate, integument finely rugulose, humeri rounded, posterior margin of pronotum arcuate with median part relatively straight. Scutellum disc flat and finely rugulose, scutellar process knobbed, slightly directed obliquely in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument finely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron finely granulate and granules somewhat striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and arcuate, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly. All sternites with tiny granules, moderately pilose. Mesosternum slightly carinate in middle, metasternum with disc tumid and flat in middle. Hemelytron well developed, distinctly exceeding tip of abdomen. + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with yellowish brown pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, much thicker than other femora, armed below with two rows of minute tubercles; tibia gradually thickened to apex, more or less straight but apex slightly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying slightly more than 1/3 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened, ventral surface also armed with rows of tiny tubercles; tibia with short golden to yellowish brown pilosity for whole length, with fossula spongiosa no more than 1/3 its length. Hind coxae separated from each other by slightly less than width of one coxa; femur cylindrical; tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. Tarsi cylindrical, denser short pilosity ventrally. + + +Abdomen +: Venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite, slightly curved to right side of body, distinctly carinated and forming a knobbed preapical point on sternite VII ( +Fig. 18B +); sternite VII lacking extragenital process ( +Fig. 18B +). Connexivum with yellowish white to golden pilosity as elsewhere on sternum, abdominal sterna and terga entire. Spiracles situated below connexival suture, and each with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 20 +): Median pygophore process straight, tapered with apex sharp and oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 20B +); spine-like, gradually narrowing to a point at apex while near base constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 20C +). Parameres ( +Fig. 20D&E +) broad falcate, apical 1/4 of left paramere ( +Fig. 20D +) broadly rectangular with apex truncate, apical 1/4 of right paramere ( +Fig. 20E +) subtriangular, left paramere slightly longer and more curved in middle than right paramere. Phallus ( +Fig. 20F–I +) in resting condition with basal plate slightly shorter than basal plate bridge ( +Fig. 20F +), pedicel straight and shorter than basal plate ( +Fig. 20H&I +); length of struts distinctly longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 20F +); apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite rounded ( +Fig. 20F +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular, inner margin with several sharp denticles ( +Fig. 20I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma strongly sclerotized ( +Fig. 20G +). + + +Brachypterous male and female +( +Fig. 19A&B +) + +Differs from macropterous male in: hemelytron yellow except extreme base brown; width of eye much shorter than width of interocular space in dorsal view; ocelli reduced and less elevated, separated from each other by about or more than twice diameter of single ocellus; anterior pronotal lobe nearly spherical, posterior pronotal lobe abbreviated, only slightly wider and much shorter than anterior lobe; scutellum much wider than long, scutellar process horizontal in lateral view; metapleural sulcus more curved than in macropterous male; hemelytron greatly reduced to a flap, subquadrangular with apex rounded, surpassing posterior margin of first abdominal tergite; dorsum of abdomen with three small scent gland scars of subequal width on terga III–IV, IV–V and V–VI; venter of abdomen flat in female, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII very enlarged, sternite VII with some transverse wrinkles. + +Measurements +: [of +lectotype +macropterous male of + +Pirates fulvipennis + +when available, followed by one macropterous male and one brachypterous male, and one brachypterous female]. Body length 11.90, 12.15 (M +♂ +), 11.20 (B +♂ +), 13.26 ( +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 3.74, 3.58 (M +♂ +), 3.30 (B +♂ +), 3.19 ( +♀ +); length of head 2.16, 1.71 (M +♂ +), 1.90 (B +♂ +), 1.82 ( +♀ +); length of anteocular region?, 0.76 (M +♂ +), 0.76 (B +♂ +), 0.68 ( +♀ +); length of postocular region?, 0.56 (M +♂ +), 0.53 (B +♂ +), 0.50 ( +♀ +); width of head 1.44, 1.36 (M +♂ +), 1.36 (B +♂ +), 1.36 ( +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.63, 0.64 (M +♂ +), 0.60 (B +♂ +), 0.60 ( +♀ +); width of interocellar space 0.22, 0.22 (M +♂ +), 0.19 (B +♂ +), 0.19 ( +♀ +); length of eye in dorsal view?, 0.53 (M +♂ +), 0.53 (B +♂ +), 0.53 ( +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view?, 0.41 (M +♂ +), 0.34 (B +♂ +), 0.34 ( +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 1.08, 1.06 (M +♂ +), 0.98 (B +♂ +), 0.98 ( +♀ +) / 2.07, 1.78 (M +♂ +), 1.63 (B +♂ +), 1.55 ( +♀ +) /1.98, 1.55 (M +♂ +),? (B +♂ +),? ( +♀ +) /?,? (M +♂ +),? (B +♂ +),? ( +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III?, 0.68 (M +♂ +), 0.79 (B +♂ +), 0.79 ( +♀ +) /?, 0.95 (M +♂ +), 1.10 (B +♂ +), 1.17 ( +♀ +) /?, 0.41 (M +♂ +), 0.42 (B +♂ +), 0.45 ( +♀ +); length of pronotum 3.42, 3.07 (M +♂ +), 2.62 (B +♂ +), 2.69 ( +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe?, 1.90 (M +♂ +), 2.01 (B +♂ +), 2.12 ( +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe?, 1.14 (M +♂ +), 0.60 (B +♂ +), 0.53 ( +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe?, 2.28 (M +♂ +), 2.28 (B +♂ +), 2.43 ( +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe, 3.51, 3.42 (M +♂ +), 2.28 (B +♂ +), 2.50 ( +♀ +); length of scutellum 1.26, 1.10 (M +♂ +), 0.85 (B +♂ +),1.06 ( +♀ +); maximum width of scutellum 1.44, 1.40 (M +♂ +), 1.21 (B +♂ +), 1.21 ( +♀ +); length of hemelytron 8.33, 8.11 (M +♂ +), 2.28 (B +♂ +), 2.65 ( +♀ +); length of fore tibia?, 2.00 (M +♂ +), 2.28 (B +♂ +), 2.28 ( +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia?, 0.76 (M +♂ +), 0.90 (B +♂ +), 0.83 ( +♀ +). + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +Victoria +and +South Australia +). The specimens examined in the present study have come from +Victoria +, and the +lectotype +of + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +flavopictus +Stål + +from +South Australia +(Adelaide). + + +Comparative notes. +This species is more similar to + +B. fulvipes + + +sp. nov. + +but could be separated from the latter by legs blackish brown to black (vs. legs yellowish brown in + +B. fulvipes + + +sp. nov. + +) and abdominal sternite VII lacking extragenital process in male (vs. abdominal sternite VII with a small spine-like extragenital process on left side in male in + +B. fulvipes + + +sp. nov. + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFD6FFD2D69CF9D5B5B9DBE0.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFD6FFD2D69CF9D5B5B9DBE0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..711a656d52e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFD6FFD2D69CF9D5B5B9DBE0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1630 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus fuliginosus +( +Erichson, 1842 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 14–16 +) + + + + + + + +Pirates fuliginosus +Erichson, 1842: 283 + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +( +Tasmania +). + + + + + +Brachysandalus fuliginosus + +: + +Stål (1867: 260) + +; Maldonado Capriles (1990: 346). + + + + + + +Reduvius semifasciatus +Walker, 1873: 202 + + +. + + + + + +Type +locality: +Australia +. Synonymized by + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 341) + +. Synonymy discarded in the present study. Although the +type +specimens are considered missing but based on original description this one can’t be a peiratine species. Further details discussed under “ + +Incertae sedis +” + +section below. + + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +fuliginosus + +: + +Stål (1874: 60) + +. + + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +melanolestoides +Stål (1874: 60) + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +( +Tasmania +). Synonymized by + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 341) + +. + + + + + +Pirates melanolestoides + +: + +Lethierry & Severin (1896: 126) + +. + + + + +Brachysandalus melanolestoides + +: Maldonado Capriles (1990: 346). + + + + +Peirates fuliginosus + +: + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 341) + +. + + + + + +FIGURE 14. + +Brachysandalus fuliginosus +( +Erichson, 1842 +) + +, habitus. A–C, lectotype, macropterous male; D–F, paralectotype, brachypterous female. A, D, dorsal view; B, E, ventral view; C, F, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. + + + + +Type specimen examined. +Lectotype +of + +Pirates fuliginosus +Erichson, 1842 + +(present designation), macropterous male, Typus, 3208, + +fuliginosus +N. Van Diemans Land Schayer, Zool. Mus. + +Berlin ( +ZMB +); +Paralectotype +of + +Pirates fuliginosus +Erichson, 1842 + +(present designation), one brachypterous female, Typus, van Diemens land Schayer Ni. 3208, Zool. Mus. Berlin ( +ZMB +) (only examined images of the + +P. fuliginosus + +types). +Lectotype +of + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +melanolestoides +Stål, 1874 + +(present designation), macropterous male, Typus, +Australia +, + +melanolestoides +Stål, NHRS-GULI + +000000129 ( +NHRS +). + + + +FIGURE 15. + +Brachysandalus fuliginosus +( +Erichson, 1842 +) + +, lectotype of + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +melanolestoides +Stål, 1874 + +, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 16. + +Brachysandalus fuliginosus +( +Erichson, 1842 +) + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F–I, phallus. A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 1.00 mm (for A–C); 0.80 mm (for D–I). + + + +Other specimens examined. +[macropterous male and brachypterous female, or brachypterous male if specifically indicated]. + +NEW SOUTH WALES +. +1 male +, Mt Kaputar Bullawa Ck, +29.xi.1984 +, G. Hangay ( +ANIC +); + + +1 male +, +Lake +Conjola +, + +20.x.1981 + +, +R.C. Russell +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +31.53S +151.32E +, +Dilgry River +, +Barrington Tops SF +, + +15–16.xi.1981 + +, +T. Weir +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +Barrington Tops +, + +4800 ft + +, +L. Hopson +& +Darty +( +AM +) + +; + +4 males +(one dissected), +Ebor +, + +16.xii.1939 + +, +A.J. Turner +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, above junction shaft, +Snowy Mtn +, at light, + +22.xi.1956 + +, +I.G. Filmer +( +QM +) + +; + +2 males +, +Bald Rock +N.P. + +25 km +SE Stanthorpe + +, + +5–10.xii.1982 + +, +D. Yeates +( +QM +) + +; + +2 females +, +Sydney +, +Deane +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Kiandra +, + +10.viii.1962 + +, +E.F. Riek +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Kiandra +, quarry, under snow covered log, +D. Havenstein +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +34.32S +150.15E +, +Belanglo S. F. +, under rotten logs, + +29.iii.1991 + +, +Tom Gush +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +35.58S +150.09E +, +Congo +8 km +SE by +E of Moruya +, + +7.iv.1980 + +, +M.S. Upton +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +35.30S +150.24E +, +Bawley Point +, + +25.xi.1999 + +, +D.C.F. Rentz +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Mt Coricudgy +nr +Olinda Station +, + +1–7.iii.2002 + +, leg +G. Hangay +, +G & K Hangay Collection +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +37.04S +149.28E +, + +4 km +NE Mt Wog Wog + +, +17 km +SE +Bombala +, +pitfall +, + +vii.1991 + +, +CR Margules Coll. +, + +July 1991 + +.pit 179 ( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +36.54S +149.56E +, +Merimbula + +12.ii.2001 + +, +E.C. Zimmerman +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +New South Wales +, +Pirates species +names by +F. Walker +1878 ( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +New South Wales +( +MV +) + +. + +AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY +. +1 male +, +Mt Gingera +, + +22.ii.1964 + +, +G.F. Waterhouse +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 brachypterous male, +35.28S +148.46E +, +2 km +N +Mt Franklin +, stop 4, + +11.i.1979 + +, +D.C.F. Rentz +( +ANIC +) + +. + +VICTORIA +. +5 males +, +1 female +, +Hattah +, +Mallee +, + +4.iv.1913 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Hanging Rock +NE +Woodend +, + +25. X.1963 + +, A. N. ( +MV +) + +; + +2 males +, +Woodend +, + +27. X.1959 + +( +MV +) + +; + +2 males +, +2 females +, +Macedon +, + +2.iv.1923 + +, J.E. Dixon +Coll. Don. + +Jan 1940 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Gelibrand +, + +1.xi.1971 + +, +J. Clancy +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, + +2 km +S of Whitlands + +, + +7.ix.1985 + +, I. +Faithfull +( +VAIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Eucumbene +Lake +Providence Portal +, + +xi.1991 + +, +I. Pascoe +( +VAIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +Melbourne, C +. +Deane +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, +North Melbourne +, +Dixon +1913 ( +MV +) + +; + +2 males +, +Nunawading +, + +3.x.1954 + +, A. N. ( +MV +) + +; + +2 males +, +Boronia +, + +ix.1955 + +, +Fleet +( +MV +) + +; + +5 males +, +Ferntree Gully +, + +9.iv.1921 + +, +J.E. Dixon Collection +, +Don. + +Jan 1940 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Ferntree Gully, F.E +. +Wilson +, + +26.iv.1925 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Ferntree Gully +, +Pres. +J.E. +Dixon + +16.x.1923 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Healesville +, +Pres. +R. +Kelly +esq., + +11.xi.1914 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Emerald district +, +Coll. +E.J. + +viii.1904 + +( +MV +) + +; + +3 males +, +Gembrook +( +MV +) + +, + +1 male +, +1 female +, same locality, ‘ + +Pirates semifasciatus +Walk Det. B. Uvarov (MV) + + +; + +1 male +, +3 km +W +Beenak +, + +7.i.1972 + +, +A. Neboiss +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Warburton +, + +29.ix.1946 + +( +MV +) + +; + +2 males +, +Traralgon +, + +2.vii.1927 + +, +Miss J. Galbraith +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +1 female +, +Warrigal +, + +30.vi.1929 + +, +F.E. Wilson +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Walhalla +, + +iv.1930 + +F.E. Wilson +( +MV +) + +; + +4 males +, +Dartmouth Survey +, +Dart. +/ +Mitta +R. +Jn +, locality L, + +23–25.x.1973 + +( +MV +) + +; + +3 males +, + +17 km +SE Merrijig + +, +8 mile +creek off +Howqua River +, + +1.xii.1971 + +, +Neboiss +( +MV +) + +; + +3 males +, +37.59S +147.43E +, +Rotamah Is +, +20 km +SE by +S of Bairnsdale +, stop 15, + +4.xi.1985 + +, +D.C.F. Rentz +& +R. Chiang +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Gippsland +, +Pres. + +V.1923 + +, +J.E. Dixon +( +MV +) + +; + +2 females +, +Victoria +, +Pres. + +Viii.1923 + +, +J.E. Dixon +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Victoria +( +MV +) + +. + +TASMANIA +. +1 male +, +Launceston +, + +17.viii.1948 + +, +C. Oke +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Scamander River +, +Upper Scamander +, + +9.xi.1972 + +, +A. Neboiss +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +1 female +, +Ridgeway +, + +5.v.1948 + +, +C. Oke +( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +43.05S +147.12E +, +Snug Falls +walking track, under rotten logs on ground, + +15.ii.1992 + +, +D.S. Horning Jr +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Sandford +, + +19.ix.1981 + +, +L. Hill +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +41.59S +146.43E +, +Miena +, +Great +Lake +, under rocks at lake edge, Tas-119, + +10.xii.1993 + +, +D.S. Horning Jr +( +ANIC +) + +; +1 male +(dissected), + +1 female +, + +26 km +SE of Ross + +, + +28.xi.–3.xii.1995 + +, +R. Barnett +& H.D. +Barker +( +VAIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +42.02S +146.55E +, +Lost Falls Forest Reserve +, rotten wood on ground Tas-119, +D.S. Horning Jr +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +Glen Dhu +, + +3.viii.1929 + +, +V.V. Hickman +, under stones, K60364, ‘ + +Pirates melanolestoides +Stal Det. A. Musgrave (AM) + + +; + +1 male +, +Arthur Plains +, + +3.ii.1965 + +, +A. Neboiss +( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +Eddystone +, + +21.xi.1933 + +, +D. Mahony +( +MV +) + +; + +2 females +, +Tasmania +, +Nat. Mus. +Victoria, +From +C. +French Jun. + +15.xi.1911 + +( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +Tasmania +( +MV +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male, brachypterous male and female known, body medium sized. Hemelytron greatly reduced to a flap, posterior margin truncate in brachypterous individuals ( +Fig. 14D +). Blackish brown ( +Figs. 14 +, +15 +); in macropterous male, hemelytron with an obscure, yellowish white, small spot around apex of claval suture ( +Figs. 14A +, +15A +) and in brachypterous individuals, hemelytron with most of apex pale brown, often an obscure, yellowish white small spot around apex of clavus ( +Fig. 14D +). Fore femur armed below with two rows of minute tubercles, rows separated by a faint median furrow, ventral surface of mid femur densely covered with short blackish bristly setae ( +Figs. 14B&E +, +15B&C +); fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying slightly more than 1/3 to nearly 2/5 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length ( +Figs. 14C&F +, +15B&C +); in male, abdominal sternite VII lacking extragenital process ( +Figs. 14B +, +15B +); male genitalia with median pygophore process tapered, slightly curved and oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 16B +), and blade broadly spatulate, apex rounded, near base gradually constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 16C +); inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite smoothly arcuate except a slightly protruding round process at lower angle ( +Fig. 16I +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Macropterous male +( +Figs. 14A–C +, +15 +) + + +Colouration +( +Figs. 14A–C +, +15 +): Blackish brown. Distiflagellomere and tarsi brown; hemelytron brown, with an obscure, yellowish white, small spot around apex of claval suture and a yellowish white, curved stripe near base of costal margin on membrane. + + +Structure +( +Figs. 14A–C +, +15 +, +16 +): Body medium sized. Most of body densely covered with yellowish white, short pilosity; antenna also with blackish brown, suberect, short setae; lateral margins of head, lateral margins of pronotum, legs and abdominal sternites with yellowish brown to blackish brown, erect, relatively long setae; stripes on anterior pronotal lobe densely covered with yellowish white, short pubescence. + + +Head +: Anteocular region elongate triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated and knobbed above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region almost rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles tiny but covered with small granules.Antennae with all segments covered with short golden to yellowish brown pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eyes relatively large, reniform, almost reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view, width of eye subequal to width of interocular space in dorsal view. Ocelli moderately developed, slightly raised, separated from each other by about diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by slightly shorter than diameter of single ocellus. + + +Thorax +: Anterior lobe of pronotum with distinct stripes, sulci indistinct, except thin median longitudinal sulcus in basal 2/3. Posterior pronotal lobe short, arcuately quadrate, integument smooth, humeri rounded, posterior margin arcuate. Scutellum disc flat with several longitudinal wrinkles, scutellar process knobbed, slightly directed obliquely in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument minutely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron with integument more finely granulate and granules somewhat striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and arcuate, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly. All sternites with tiny granules, moderately pilose. Mesosternum carinate in middle, metasternum with disc tumid and flat in middle. Hemelytron distinctly exceeding tip of abdomen. + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with golden to yellowish brown pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, armed below with two rows of minute tubercles, rows separated by a faint median furrow; tibia gradually thickened to apex, more or less straight but apex slightly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying slightly more than 1/3 to nearly 2/5 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened, ventral surface densely covered with short blackish bristly setae; tibia with short golden to yellowish brown pilosity for whole length, with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length. Hind coxae separated from each other by less than width of one coxa; femur cylindrical; tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. + + +Abdomen +: Venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite, slightly curved to right side of body, distinctly carinated and forming a knobbed preapical point on sternite VII ( +Figs. 14B +, +15B +); sternite VII lacking extragenital process ( +Figs. 14B +, +15B +). Connexivum with golden to yellowish brown pilosity as elsewhere on sternum. Spiracles situated below connexival suture, about halfway between anterior and posterior margin of each segment. Each spiracle with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 16 +): Median pygophore process tapered, slightly curved and oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 16B +); blade broadly spatulate, apex rounded, near base gradually constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 16C +). Left paramere ( +Fig. 16D +) broadly falcate with apical 1/4 broadly rectangular and apex truncate, right paramere ( +Fig. 16E +) subtriangular with apex rounded, left paramere more curved than right paramere. Phallus ( +Fig. 16F–I +) in resting condition with basal plate slightly shorter than basal plate bridge ( +Fig. 16F +), pedicel slightly curved and subequal to length of basal plate ( +Fig. 16H&I +); length of struts distinctly longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 16F +); apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite bluntly rounded ( +Fig. 16F +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular, inner margin smoothly arcuate except a slightly protruding round process at lower angle ( +Fig. 16I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma weakly sclerotized ( +Fig. 16G +). + + +Brachypterous female +( +Fig. 14D–F +) +and male + +Differs from macropterous male in: hemelytron brown with most of apex pale brown, often an obscure, yellowish white small spot around apex of clavus; width of eye shorter than width of interocular space in dorsal view; ocelli reduced and less elevated, separated from each other by about twice diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by more than diameter of single ocellus; posterior pronotal lobe abbreviated, only slightly wider and much shorter than anterior lobe; scutellum much wider than long; metapleural sulcus more curved than in macropterous male; hemelytron greatly reduced to a flap, posterior margin truncate, surpassing posterior margin of abdominal tergite I in female and slightly longer and almost reaching posterior margin of tergite II in male; dorsum of abdomen with three small scent gland scars of subequal width on terga III–IV, IV–V and V–VI; venter of female abdomen flat, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII very enlarged, sternite VII with many transverse wrinkles. + +Measurements +: [of +lectotype +macropterous male of + +Pirates fuliginosus + +when available, followed by one macropterous male and one brachypterous female]. Body length 15.30, 15.60 ( +♂ +), 13.26 ( +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 4.76, 4.83 ( +♂ +), 4.70 ( +♀ +); length of head 1.98, 2.09 ( +♂ +), 2.28 ( +♀ +); length of anteocular region?, 0.92 ( +♂ +), 1.14 ( +♀ +); length of postocular region?, 0.41 ( +♂ +), 0.45 ( +♀ +); width of head across eyes 1.75, 1.63 ( +♂ +), 1.59 ( +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.54, 0.53 ( +♂ +), 0.60 ( +♀ +); width of interocellar space 0.27, 0.26 ( +♂ +), 0.25 ( +♀ +); length of eye in dorsal view?, 0.68 ( +♂ +), 0.64 ( +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view?, 0.49 ( +♂ +), 0.45 ( +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 1.35, 1.14 ( +♂ +), 1.02 ( +♀ +) / 2.34, 2.39 ( +♂ +), 1.90 ( +♀ +) / 2.25, 2.20 ( +♂ +), 1.71 ( +♀ +) / 2.34, 2.39 ( +♂ +), 1.97 ( +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III?, 0.76 ( +♂ +), 0.83 ( +♀ +) /?, 1.21 ( +♂ +), 1.29 ( +♀ +) /?, 0.41 ( +♂ +), 0.45 ( +♀ +); length of pronotum 3.42, 3.30 ( +♂ +), 2.85 ( +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe?, 1.78 ( +♂ +), 2.12 ( +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe?, 1.44 ( +♂ +), 0.76 ( +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe 2.90, 2.31 ( +♂ +), 2.66 ( +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe 4.41, 4.18 ( +♂ +), 3.23 ( +♀ +); length of scutellum 1.80, 1.71 ( +♂ +), 1.06 ( +♀ +); maximum width of scutellum 2.34, 1.90 ( +♂ +), 1.14 ( +♀ +); length of hemelytron 11.56, 11.70 ( +♂ +), 2.18 ( +♀ +); length of fore tibia?, 2.73 ( +♂ +), 2.47 ( +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia?, 0.96 ( +♂ +), 0.87 ( +♀ +). + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +New South Wales +, +Australian Capital Territory +, +Victoria +, and +Tasmania +). +Cassis & Gross (1995) +recorded this species also from +South Australia +, but these specimens were not located and examined in the present study. This species generally has a southeastern temperate / subtropical distribution in +Australia +. + + +Comparative notes. +This species is similar to + +B. longifemoratus + + +sp. nov. + +in general structure and having a vague yellow to yellowish-brown patch near confluence of veins Cu and M on corium of hemelytron, but differs from the latter by fore femur short and robust, about 3X as long as maximum width (vs. fore femur very elongate and slender, about 4X as long as maximum width in + +B. longifemoratus + + +sp. nov. + +), fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying slightly more than 1/3 to nearly 2/5 tibial length and mid tibia with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length (vs. fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 1/3 to 1/4 of tibial length and mid tibia with fossula spongiosa only about 1/4 its length in + +B. longifemoratus + + +sp. nov. + +). + + + + +Remarks. +There are +seven syntypes +of + +Pirates fuliginosus +Erichson, 1842 + +( +one male +, +four females +and two nymphs) deposited in Museum für Naturkunde (MFN), +Berlin +, +Germany +. The macropterous male is designated as +lectotype +in the present study ( +Fig. 14A–C +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFE3FFEDD69CFD81B4E9DAB8.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFE3FFEDD69CFD81B4E9DAB8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7f9e20f3702 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFE3FFEDD69CFD81B4E9DAB8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1105 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus ephippiger +(White, 1843) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 8 +, +9 +) + + + + + + +Reduvius +( +Pirates +) +ephippiger +White, 1843: 283 + +, +in + +White & Doubleday (1843: 283) + +. + + + + + +Type +locality: +New Zealand +. + +Brachysandalus ephippiger + +: + +Stål (1867: 260) + +; Maldonado Capriles (1990: 345). + + + + + + +Pirates ephippiger + +: + +Walker (1873: 126) + +. + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +ephippiger + +: + +Stål (1874: 60) + +. + + + + + +Peirates ephippiger + +: + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 340) + +. + + + + + +Peirates ephippiger + +: + +Larivière & Larochelle (2004: 191) + +. (assumed erroneous record for +New Zealand +). + + + + + +Type specimen examined. +Lectotype +(present designation), macropterous male, +New Zealand +, + +Reduvius +( +Pirates +) +ephippiger +White + +New Zealand +Dr Sinclair, + +Pirates ephippiger + +Walker’s Catal., Ereb & Terror fig 7, NHMUK 013586686 ( +NHM +). +Larivière & Larochelle (2004) +believe this species may have been erroneously recorded from +New Zealand +. See further details under notes below. + + +Other specimens examined. +[all macropterous]. QUEENSLAND. + +1 male +, +Coleman River +, +14.48S +143.22E +, + +25.vi.1993 + +, at light, P. +Zbrowski +& I. +Naumann +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +17.11S +145.02E +, +Eureka Ck + +9 km +SW Dimbulah + +, + +20.xi.1981 + +, J. +Balderson +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +McIvor +R. xing, + +40 km +N of Cooktown + +, + +15–18.vii.1976 + +, +G.B. & S.R. Monteith +( +QM +) + +; + +1 female +, +15.04S +145.07E +, +Mt Webb Nat Park +nr +Cooktown +,, stop 22, at light in rainforest, + +27– 30.iv.1981 + +, +D.C.F. Rentz +( +ANIC +) + +, + +1 male +, same locality and date, +I.D. Naumann +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +(head missing), +Cooktown +, from +T. Carr Esq. +, 29.vi.06 ( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Christmas Ck + +15 km +W Fairview + +via +Laura +, + +26–27.vi.1975 + +, G.B. +Monteith +( +QM +) + +; + +1 female +, +Mt Isa +, + +i.1954 + +, +Lamberts +( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +Landers Ck +, camp no. 3, + +12.vi.1911 + +, +G.F. Hill +, ‘ +Barclay Exped. +read 16.11.12’ ( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Carmila +, + +10.ii.1956 + +, ‘alleged to have stung person causing great pain, rash and skin flaking off’, +V.L. McKenzie +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Lawes +, + +6.i.1953 + +, + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +ephippiger +N.C.E. Miller 1955 + +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Lake Broadwater +via +Dalby +, + +31.v.1984 + +, M. +Bennie +( +QM +) + +, + +1 female +, same locality, site 7, + +22–25.ii.1986 + +, G. +Monteith +& G. +Thompson +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Brisbane +, + +11.vii.1911 + +, +H. Hacker +( +QM +) + +, + +1 male +, same locality and collector, + +24.iv.1912 + +( +QM +) + +; + +1 male +, +1 female +, +Stanthorpe, E +. +Sutton +( +QM +) + +, + +1 female +, same locality and collector, + +ix.1928 + +( +QM +) + +; + +1 female +, +Dalby + +10.viii.1945 + +R. Kaye +, +Brit. Mus. +1955-438. ( +NHM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Mackay +2: 99, +A.J. Turner. +1906-125. ( +NHM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Queensland +, +Nat Mus Victoria +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Queensland. +F.P. +Dodd. +1907-54. ( +NHM +) + +; + +1 male +, +2 females +, +Queensland. Challenger Exp. +85-44., + +Pirates ephippiger +White, M.L. Cook + +det. 1973 ( +NHM +) + +. NEW SOUTH WALES. + +1 female +, +31.29S +151.12E +, +Hanging Rock +, under bark + +Eucalyptus +sp + +NSW-8, D.S. +Horning Jr +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Cubiumatta +, + +4. x.1958 + +, at light, +M. I. Nikitin. +, +Brit. Mus. +1959.57 ( +NHM +) + +; + +1 female +, N.S. +Wales +, C. +French Jun. +, + +15.ii.1911 + +( +MV +) + +; + +3 males +, +1 female +, N.S. +Wales +, +Nat Mus Victoria +( +MV +) + +. NORTHERN TERRITORY. + +1 male +, +11.07S +132.08E +, +Smith Point +, +Cobourg Pen. +, +water trap +, + +3–21.ii.1977 + +, R.C. +Lewis +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Oenpelli, D.P +. +Cahill +, 12.18 ( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +Alligator R. +, 22.9.14, from P. +Cahill +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +(dissected), +Mataranka +, + +14.vii.1969 + +, +J.C. LeSouef +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Roper +R., 1.4.16 ( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +Jarrnarm +, +Keep R. Nat. Pk. +, +15.46S +129.06E +, + +5.vi.2001 + +, +M. Horak +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 male +, +King +R., 24.12.15 ( +MV +) + +. WESTERN AUSTRALIA. + +2 males +, +17.23S +124.44E +, +Kimberley +, +Lennard River +crossing, +Gibb River +Road, + +1.iv.1988 + +, at MV light, 679-7, +T.F. Houston +( +WAM +) + +, + +2 males +, same data except + +8.iv.1988 + +( +WAM +) + +; + +1 female +, +Charnley River +, 25 mls +N Beverley Springs +, + +9.ix.1969 + +, +D.D. Giuliani +( +WAM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Wyndham +, + +15.vii.1969 + +, +J.C. LeSouef +( +MV +) + +; +1 male +, Wittenoom, ’48.915’, + +1 male +, same locality, ’48.943’ ( +WAM +) + +, + +1 male +, same locality, ’48.944’ ( +WAM +) + +. + + + + +FIGURE 8. + +Brachysandalus ephippiger +(White, 1843) + +, lectotype, macropterous male, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen, blue arrow indicates extragenital process. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male and female known, body large sized. Blackish brown to black, most parts of antennae, labium and legs dark yellow ( +Fig. 8 +); hemelytron with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu ( +Fig. 8A +). Fore femur armed below with two rows of tubercles, outer tubercles large, short and conical, inner ones minute, rows separated by a faint median furrow armed with rows of blackish brown bristly setae, ventral surface of mid femur densely covered with short blackish brown bristly setae ( +Fig. 8B&C +); fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying only about 1/3 its length ( +Fig. 8B&C +); in male, left side of abdominal sternite VII with an upturned, spine-like extragenital process ( +Figs. 8B +, +56E +, +57E +); male genitalia with median pygophore process straight, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 9B +), and spatulate, apically acutely pointed, blade of process near base slightly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 9C +), inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite slightly irregularly serrated ( +Fig. 9I +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Macropterous male and female +( +Fig. 8 +) + + +Colouration +( +Fig. 8 +): Blackish brown to black. Antenna (except base of scape blackish brown), second and third visible labial segments and legs (except coxae and apices of tibiae dark brown) dark yellow; hemelytron with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu, membrane paler, with an inconspicuous yellowish, thin, curved stripe near base of costal margin. + + +Structure +( +Figs. 8 +, +9 +): Body large sized. Head, pronotum, scutellum and corium covered with golden, short pilosity; antenna covered with yellowish white, fine pubescence and yellow, suberect, short setae; thoracic pleura, sterna and abdominal sternites densely covered with pale yellow pubescence; legs covered with pale yellow, short pubescence and yellow to brown setae of varying lengths, ventral surfaces of fore and mid femora also with blackish brown, short bristles. + + +Head +: Anteocular region elongate triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated and knobbed above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region almost rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles tiny. Ventral surface of head tumid before eyes. Antennae with all segments covered with short yellowish white pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eyes large, reniform, reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view in male but not reaching ventral margin in female, width of eye longer than width of interocular space in dorsal view in male but shorter than width of interocular space in female. Ocelli moderately developed, slightly raised, separated from each other by about diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by less than diameter of single ocellus. + + +Thorax +: Anterior lobe of pronotum with distinct stripes, sulci indistinct, except thin median longitudinal sulcus in basal 2/3. Posterior pronotal lobe short, arcuately quadrate, integument smooth, humeri rounded, posterior margin arcuate but somewhat oblique or concave laterally. Scutellum disc with a shallow depression in middle, scutellar process knob-shaped, slightly directed obliquely in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument minutely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron with integument more finely granulate but granules not striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and arcuate, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly. All sternites with tiny granules, moderately pilose. Mesosternum carinated in middle, metasternum with disc tumid. Hemelytron well developed, reaching to exceeding tip of abdomen in male and nearly reaching to slightly exceeding tip of abdomen in female. + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with golden pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, armed below with two rows of tubercles, outer tubercles large, short and conical, inner ones minute, rows separated by a faint median furrow armed with rows of blackish brown bristly setae; tibia gradually thickened to apex, more or less straight but apex slightly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened, ventral surface densely covered with short blackish brown bristly setae; tibia with short golden to yellowish brown pilosity for whole length, fossula spongiosa only about 1/3 its length. Hind coxae separated from each other by less than width of one coxa; femur cylindrical; tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. + + +Abdomen +: In male, venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite, slightly curved to right side of body, distinctly carinated and forming a knobbed preapical point on sternite VII ( +Fig. 8B +); left side of sternite VII with an upturned, spine-like extragenital process, located near posterior margin of sternite VII ( +Figs. 8B +, +56E +, +57E +). Connexivum with golden pilosity as elsewhere on sternum. Spiracles situated below connexival suture. Each spiracle with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. In female, same as male, venter of abdomen flat, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII very enlarged. + + + +FIGURE 9. + +Brachysandalus ephippiger +(White, 1843) + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F– I, phallus. A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 1.00 mm (for A–C); 0.80 mm (for D–I). + + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 9 +): Median pygophore process straight and oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 9B +); spatulate, apically acutely pointed, blade of process near base slightly constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 9C +). Parameres ( +Fig. 9D&E +) somewhat falcate, outer surface densely covered with brown hairs, apical 1/4 of left paramere ( +Fig. 9D +) broadly rectangular while apical 1/4 of right paramere ( +Fig. 9E +) subtriangular. Phallus ( +Fig. 9F–I +) in resting condition with basal plate subequal to basal plate bridge ( +Fig. 9F +), pedicel almost straight and slightly shorter than basal plate ( +Fig. 9H&I +); length of struts distinctly longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 9F +); apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite blunt ( +Fig. 9F +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular, inner margin slightly irregularly serrated ( +Fig. 9I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma strongly sclerotized ( +Fig. 9G +). + + +Measurements +: [of ranges of +four males +and +three females +]. Body length 18.04–21.92 ( +♂ +), 19.81–20.91 ( +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 4.95–5.68 ( +♂ +), 5.92–6.05 ( +♀ +); length of head 2.86–3.38 ( +♂ +), 2.73–3.20 ( +♀ +); length of anteocular region 1.20–1.42 ( +♂ +), 1.28–1.50 ( +♀ +); length of postocular region 0.51–0.61 ( +♂ +), 0.49–0.52 ( +♀ +); width of head across eyes 2.18–2.55 ( +♂ +), 2.10–2.11 ( +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.60–0.77 ( +♂ +), 0.73–0.78 ( +♀ +); width of interocellar space 0.25–0.36 ( +♂ +), 0.29–0.36 ( +♀ +); length of eye in dorsal view 1.00–1.14 ( +♂ +), 0.95–0.98 ( +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view 0.80–0.91 ( +♂ +), 0.63–0.69 ( +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 1.85–2.17 ( +♂ +), 1.89–1.89 ( +♀ +) / 3.57–4.04 ( +♂ +), 3.09–3.22 ( +♀ +) / 3.05–? ( +♂ +),?–? ( +♀ +) / 1.58–? ( +♂ +),?–? ( +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III 1.28–1.49 ( +♂ +), 1.10–1.21 ( +♀ +) / 1.75–2.20 ( +♂ +), 1.81–1.87 ( +♀ +) / 0.91–0.94 ( +♂ +), 0.84–0.94 ( +♀ +); length of pronotum 4.60–5.51 ( +♂ +), 4.40–4.71 ( +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe 2.79–3.49 ( +♂ +), 2.78–3.02 ( +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe 1.80–2.02 ( +♂ +), 1.61–1.70 ( +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe 3.17–4.10 ( +♂ +), 3.40–3.61 ( +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe 4.68–5.84 ( +♂ +), 4.69–4.89 ( +♀ +); length of scutellum 1.78–2.23 ( +♂ +), 2.03–2.10 ( +♀ +); maximum width of scutellum 1.96–2.55 ( +♂ +), 2.13–2.38 ( +♀ +); length of hemelytron 12.64–14.74 ( +♂ +), 10.82–11.40 ( +♀ +); length of fore tibia 4.30–4.35 ( +♂ +), 3.65–3.80 ( +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia 1.78–1.83 ( +♂ +), 1.60–1.70 ( +♀ +). + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +Queensland +, +New South Wales +, +Northern Territory +and +Western Australia +). +Cassis & Gross (1995) +recorded this species also from +South Australia +and +New Zealand +, but these specimens were not located and examined in the present study. According to +Larivière & Larochelle (2004) +, however, the +New Zealand +record is likely to be erroneous, see below. + + +Comparative notes. +This species is more similar to + +B. crassifemur +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + +, see details under comparative notes of + +B. crassifemur + +above. + + + + +Remarks. +Larivière & Larochelle (2004: 191) +commented that this species is believed to have been erroneously described from +New Zealand +. According to Myers & +China +(1928), the +type +specimen of + +P. ephippiger + +deposited in the Natural History Museum (NHM) with a +New Zealand +label (collected by Dr. Sinclair) may in fact have been collected in +Australia +. According to +Larivière & Larochelle (2004) +, no specimen from +New Zealand +has ever been collected or observed following White’s description of the species in 1843 even though the species has been recorded (as present in +New Zealand +) in subsequent works, e.g., +Myers (1926) +, +Wise (1977) +, Maldonado Capriles (1990), and +Cassis & Gross (1995) +. +Larivière & Larochelle (2004) +have not found any evidence of the occurrence of this species in +New Zealand +, and the present workers have not come across any +New Zealand +collected specimens in Australian collections as well as in the European museums they visited. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFE6FFE1D69CF901B584DEFC.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFE6FFE1D69CF901B584DEFC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..71ddc686121 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFE6FFE1D69CF901B584DEFC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,802 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus crassifemur +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 6 +, +7 +) + + + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +crassifemur + +Reuter, 1881: 313 + + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +. + + + + + +Pirates crassifemur + +: + +Lethierry & Severin (1896: 125) + +. + + + + +Brachysandalus crassifemur + +: Maldonado Capriles (1990: 345). + + + + +Peirates crassifemur + +: + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 340) + +. + + + + + +Type specimen examined. + +Lectotype +(present designation), macropterous female, Typus, australia, + +crassifemur +Typ. Reut., NHRS-GULI + +000000119 ( +NHRS +). + + + +Other specimens examined. +[all macropterous]. +QUEENSLAND +. +1 male +(dissected), Theodore, +21.xi.1951 +, +J +. Letchford, + +Peirates + + +Brachysandalus crassifemur +Reuter, N.C.E. Miller + +det. 1955 ( +QM +); +1 female +, Isisford, +16. x.1933 +, +M +. Robertson ( +QM +); +1 female +, Amby, +22–27.xi.1979 +, +H +. +E +. & +M +. +A +. Evans & +A +. Hook ( +QM +); +1 female +, Brisbane, +ii.1953 +, +R +. +M +. Beames, + +Pirates + + +Brachysandalus crassifemur +Reuter N.C.E. Miller + +det. 1955 ( +QM +); +1 male +, Gatton 1. 8. 51 +R +. +A +. Locan, Brit. Mus. 1955-438., + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +crassifemur +Reuter N.C.E. Miller + +det. 1955 ( +NHM +). +NEW SOUTH WALES +. +1 male +(dissected), Caldwell, +vi.1953 +, +V +. Robb ( +MV +); +1 female +, +90 km +W of Wilcannia +315m +31.43S +142.41E +, +16.xi.2000 +, leg. +A +. Podussany, +I +. Rozner, George Hangay, +G +.& +K +. Hangay Collection ( +ANIC +). +VICTORIA +. +1 male +, no locality, +J +. +E +. Dixon ( +MV +); +3 males +, +1 female +, Dooen, +6.x.1990 +( +VAIC +), +1 male +, +1 female +, same locality, +27.xii.1990 +, at light, +I +. +G +. Faithfull ( +VAIC +); +1 male +, Longerenong, +15.vi.1995 +, in pitfall trap, +P +. +A +. Horne ( +VAIC +); +1 female +, Hattah, Mallee, 3.14, Dixon ( +MV +); +1 female +, Lake Hattah ( +MV +); +5 females +, Lake Hattah, +Jan. 1940 +, +J +. +E +. Dixon, JE Dixon Collection ( +MV +); +1 male +, +1 female +, Horsham, +22.xi.1991 +, MV light, field peas ( +VAIC +); +2 females +, Portland, 1.14, Dixon ( +MV +). +SOUTH AUSTRALIA +. +1 male +, Koonchera, WH Goyder Lagoon, +30.viii.1975 +, +J +. Blyth ( +MV +); +1 female +, Stirtons old campsite, Etudunna Stn via Marrie, +M +. & +E +. Archer ( +WAM +); +1 female +, Adelaide Dist. +W +. +E +. Hodson. Brit. Mus. 1922-51. ( +NHM +); +1 male +, +Australia +. +H +. +J +. Hillier. 1905-232., Killalpanima, +100 miles +E +. of +L +. Eyre ( +NHM +). +WESTERN AUSTRALIA +. +1 male +, +1 female +, Guildford, +2.ix.1964 +, +R +. +P +. McMillan ( +WAM +); +1 male +, Dumbleyung, +27.x.1962 +, +H +. Udell leg. ( +WAM +); +1 male +, Billy Well Ck, +20 km +NE Mt Sandiman HS, +11–17.v.1981 +, 378-8, +B +. Hanich & +T +. +F +. Houston ( +WAM +); +1 male +, North of Tom Price, +19.i.1974 +, +A +. +M +. & +M +. +J +. Douglas ( +WAM +); +1 male +, Duck Ck, Tom Price Rd, +22.29S +116.04E +, +18.i.1974 +, +A +. +M +. & +M +. +J +. Douglas ( +WAM +); +1 male +, Well 40, Salt Flats, NSE IV, +15.xii.1971 +( +WAM +); 1 (abdomen missing), Midland, 35-2013 ( +WAM +); +1 male +, +1 female +, Geraldton, +J +. Clark ( +MV +); +1 female +, +21.35S +117.05E +, Millstream-Chichester +N +. +P +., +2.5 km +NE by E of Ranger Station, +28.iv.2003 +T +. Weir ( +ANIC +); +1 male +, York, +14.x.1981 +, +R +. +P +. McMillan ( +WAM +); +1 female +, +W +. +Australia +: Carnarvon. +E +. +L +. Grant-Watson. ( +NHM +). +AUSTRALIA +. +1 female +, + +ephippiger +White + +, 329., Distant Coll. 1911-383 ( +NHM +). + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male and female known, body medium sized. Dark brown, most parts of legs, connexivum, and abdomen posterior including apical half of sternite VII yellow ( +Fig. 6 +); hemelytron with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu ( +Fig. 6A +). Fore femur armed below with two rows of brown tubercles, outer tubercles large and conical, inner ones minute, ventral surface of mid femur densely covered with short blackish brown bristly setae ( +Fig. 6B&C +); fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa only about 1/3 its length ( +Fig. 6B&C +); in male, left side of abdominal sternite VII with a small, triangular extragenital process with apex pointed, located near posterior margin of sternite VII ( +Figs. 55H +, +56H +); male genitalia with median pygophore process spatulate, pointed apically but broader pre-apically, blade of process near base constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 7C +), inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite irregularly corrugated with a relatively longer process at lower angle ( +Fig. 7I +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Macropterous male and female +( +Fig. 6 +) + + +Colouration +( +Fig. 6 +): Dark brown.Antenna, labium, legs (except coxae and apices of tibiae brown), connexivum, and abdomen posterior including apical half of sternite VII yellow; hemelytron with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu, membrane slightly paler, with a yellow, curved, small spot near base of costal margin. + + +Structure +( +Figs. 6 +, +7 +): Body medium sized. Body wholly covered with golden, short pilosity; head, pronotum, scutellum, outer margin of corium and lateral margin of connexivum with yellow to yellowish brown, suberect setae; legs with golden to yellowish brown, long setae, ventral surface of mid femur also with blackish brown, short bristles. + + +Head +: Anteocular region elongate triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region almost rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles not obvious. Antennae with all segments covered with short golden pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eyes relatively large, reniform, almost reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view, width of eye shorter than half width of interocular space in dorsal view. Ocelli moderately developed, slightly raised, separated from each other by more than diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by about diameter of single ocellus in male while separated from each other by almost twice diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by slightly more than diameter of single ocellus in female. + + +Thorax +: Anterior lobe of pronotum with distinct stripes, covered with golden pubescence, sulci indistinct, except shallow median longitudinal sulcus in basal 2/3. Posterior pronotal lobe short, arcuately quadrate, integument finely rugulose, humeri rounded, posterior margin arcuate but somewhat straight in middle. Scutellum with disc depressed, scutellar process knob-shaped, horizontal to weakly directed obliquely in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument minutely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron with integument finely granulate but granules do not striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and arcuate, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly. All sternites with tiny granules in median part, moderately pilose. Mesosternum with disc raised, metasternum with disc tumid and flat in middle. Hemelytron exceeding tip of abdomen in male and nearly reaching to slightly exceeding tip of abdomen in female. + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with whitish pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, armed below with two rows of brown tubercles, outer tubercles large and conical, inner ones minute; tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened, ventral surface densely covered with short blackish brown bristly setae; tibia with short whitish to golden pilosity for whole length, fossula spongiosa only about 1/3 its length. Hind leg with coxae close to each other; femur cylindrical; tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. Tarsi cylindrical, denser short pilosity ventrally. + + +Abdomen +: In male, venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite, weakly curved to right side of body; left side of sternite VII with a small, triangular extragenital process with apex pointed, located near posterior margin of sternite VII ( +Figs. 55H +, +56H +). Connexivum with golden pilosity as elsewhere on sternum. Spiracles situated below connexival suture, about halfway between anterior and posterior margin of each segment. Each spiracle with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. In female, same as male, venter of abdomen also slightly carinate in middle, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII very enlarged ( +Fig. 6B +). + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 7 +): Median pygophore process straight and oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged in caudal view ( +Fig. 7B +); spatulate, pointed apically but broader pre-apically, blade of process near base constricted in lateral view ( +Fig. 7C +). Parameres ( +Fig. 7D&E +) elongate, outer surfaces densely covered with golden to yellowish brown hairs, left paramere ( +Fig. 7D +) broadly elongate compared with right paramere ( +Fig. 7E +), right paramere more falcate.Phallus ( +Fig. 7F–I +) in resting condition with basal plate subequal to basal plate bridge( +Fig. 7F +),pedicel slightly curved and shorter than basal plate ( +Fig. 7H&I +); length of struts distinctly longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 7F +); apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite rounded ( +Fig. 7F +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular, inner margin irregularly corrugated with a relatively longer process at lower angle ( +Fig. 7I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma moderately sclerotized ( +Fig. 7G +). + + +Measurements +: [ranges of +two males +and +three females +]. Body length 14.63–16.61 ( +♂ +), 15.11–16.09 ( +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 4.00–4.18 ( +♂ +), 4.21–4.68 ( +♀ +); length of head 2.14–2.50 ( +♂ +), 2.10–2.13 ( +♀ +); length of anteocular region 0.90–1.11 ( +♂ +), 0.89–0.90 ( +♀ +); length of postocular region 0.47–0.48 ( +♂ +), 0.48–0.49 ( +♀ +); width of head across eyes 1.52–1.68 ( +♂ +), 1.60–1.67 ( +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.71–0.73 ( +♂ +), 0.71–0.72 ( +♀ +); width of interocellar space 0.31–0.33 ( +♂ +), 0.29–0.31 ( +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view 0.40–0.49 ( +♂ +), 0.43–0.48 ( +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 1.38–? ( +♂ +), 1.28–1.30 ( +♀ +) / 2.39–? ( +♂ +), 2.28–2.41 ( +♀ +) / 1.70–? ( +♂ +), 2.25–? ( +♀ +) /?–? ( +♂ +), 2.42–? ( +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III 0.79–0.80 ( +♂ +), 0.87–0.89 ( +♀ +) /?–1.12 ( +♂ +), 1.28–1.36 ( +♀ +) /?–0.87 ( +♂ +),?–0.78 ( +♀ +); length of pronotum 3.69–3.81 ( +♂ +), 3.71–3.81 ( +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe 2.23–2.37 ( +♂ +), 2.29–2.39 ( +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe 1.31–1.58 ( +♂ +), 1.40–1.41 ( +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe 2.90–2.91 ( +♂ +), 2.93–2.98 ( +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe 3.79–4.28 ( +♂ +), 4.00–4.01 ( +♀ +); length of scutellum 1.27–1.76 ( +♂ +), 1.40–1.69 ( +♀ +); width of scutellum at base 1.51–2.12 ( +♂ +), 1.62–2.38 ( +♀ +); length of hemelytron 9.95–11.00 ( +♂ +), 10.20–10.62 ( +♀ +); length of fore tibia 3.04–3.20 ( +♂ +), 3.42–3.45 ( +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia 1.02–1.20 ( +♂ +), 1.06–1.10 ( +♀ +). + + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Brachysandalus crassifemur +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + +, lectotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Red arrow indicates median carina on abdomen. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 7. + +Brachysandalus crassifemur +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F–I, phallus.A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view.Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 1.00 mm (for A–C); 0.80 mm (for D–I). + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +Queensland +, +New South Wales +, +Victoria +, +South Australia +, and +Western Australia +). +Cassis & Gross (1995) +recorded this species also from the +Northern Territory +, but these specimens were not located and examined in the present study. + + +Comparative notes. +This species is similar to + +B. ephippiger +(White, 1843) + +in colour pattern, i.e., antennae and legs distinctly paler than other body parts and hemelytron with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu. But it could be separated from + +B. ephippiger + +by smaller body size (body length +14.63–16.61 mm +in + +B. crassifemur + +vs. body length +18.04–21.92 mm +in + +B. ephippiger + +), general paler body colour (dark brown in + +B. crassifemur + +vs. blackish brown to black in + +B. ephippiger + +) and different shape of extragenital process (small, triangular extragenital process with apex pointed in + +B. crassifemur + +vs. upturned, spine-like extragenital process in + +B. ephippiger + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFEFFFE8D69CFA32B32ED8B0.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFEFFFE8D69CFA32B32ED8B0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f9d8aa9c3d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFEFFFE8D69CFA32B32ED8B0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus erythromelas +( +Walker, 1873 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs. 10 +, +11 +) + + + + + + + +Pirates erythromelas +Walker, 1873: 128 + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +( +Port Essington +). + + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +brevicoxis +Stål, 1874: 60 + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +(Cape York). Synonymized by + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 341) + +. + + + + + +Pirates brevicoxis + +: + +Lethierry & Severin (1896: 124) + +. + + + + + +Sirthenea erythromelas + +: + +Lethierry & Severin (1896: 129) + +; + +Maldonado Capriles (1990: 372); + +Chłond (2018: 3 + +, 4), excluded from + +Sirthenea + +without proposing a new status. + + + +Brachysandalus brevicoxis + +: Maldonado Capriles (1990: 345). + + + + +Peirates erythromelas + +: + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 341) + +. + + + + + +Type specimen examined. + +Holotype +of + +Pirates erythromelas +Walker, 1873 + +, macropterous +male +, Type, Port Essington, 46 13, 109. + +Pirates erythromelas +( +NHM +) + +(only examined images of the + +P. erythromelas + +type). + +Lectotype +of + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +brevicoxis +Stål, 1874 + +(present designation), macropterous female, Typus, Cape +York +, Thorey, + +brevicoxis +Stål, NHRS-GULI + +000000118 ( +NHRS +). + + + +FIGURE 10. + +Brachysandalus erythromelas +( +Walker, 1873 +) + +, holotype, macropterous male, habitus, dorsal view. + + + +Other specimens examined. +[all macropterous]. + +QUEENSLAND +. +1 female +, + +Hammond +Island + +, + +20–23.xii. 1962 + +R, J. Docherty B.M. +1963-283 ( +NHM +) + +. + +NORTHERN TERRITORY +. +1 female +, +Groote Eylandt +, +Gulf of Carpentaria +, + +14.i.1929 + +, Rev. Warren, + +Pirates brevicoxis +Stal, Det. By A. Musgrave, K + +60182 ( +AM +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male and female known, body medium sized. Black and orange, with anterior pronotal lobe reddish orange, posterior lobe orange, hemelytron with clavus and corium orange, membrane with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu and a whitish, flexed stripe along R and M veins on membrane ( +Figs. 10 +, +11 +). Body relatively flat ( +Figs. 10 +, +11 +); fore femur armed below with rows of dark brown bristly setae but without distinct tubercles ( +Fig. 11C +); fore tibia gradually thickened to apex, apical half distinctly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying nearly 1/2 tibial length and mid tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 1/3 its length ( +Fig. 11C +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Macropterous male +( +Fig. 10 +) +and female +( +Fig. 11 +) + + +Colouration +( +Figs. 10 +, +11 +): Black and orange. Head black; antenna with scape black, pedicel and basiflagellum blackish brown, distiflagellum brown; labium with basal two visible segments black and third segment brown; anterior pronotal lobe reddish orange, posterior lobe orange; scutellum reddish orange; thoracic pleura reddish brown to blackish brown, sterna reddish orange to brown; legs black except tarsi dark brown; hemelytron with clavus and corium orange, membrane blackish brown, with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu and a whitish, flexed stripe along R and M veins on membrane; connexivum orange-brown, abdominal sternites orange-brown except posterior margin of sternite VI, most of posterior of sternite VII blackish. + + + +FIGURE 11. + +Brachysandalus erythromelas +( +Walker, 1873 +) + +, lectotype of + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +brevicoxis +Stål, 1874 + +, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + +Structure +( +Figs. 10 +, +11 +): Body medium sized, relatively flat compared to other species in the genus. Body wholly covered with golden, short pilosity; scape, lateral margins of head and pronotum also with brown, short setae; legs densely covered with golden pubescence, also with yellowish brown to brown, suberect setae of varying lengths. + + +Head +: Anteocular region elongate triangular, clypeus near its base slightly elevated and knobbed above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region almost rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles tiny. Ventral surface of head tumid before eyes. Antennae with all segments covered with short yellowish brown pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eye reniform, reaching dorsal margin but not reaching ventral margin of head in lateral view, width of eye shorter than width of interocular space in dorsal view in female. Ocelli moderately developed, slightly raised, separated from each other by about diameter of single ocellus in female. Labium with ventral surface sparsely covered with longish setae. + + +Thorax +: Anterior pronotal lobe elliptical, stripes on anterior pronotal lobe obscure, median longitudinal sulcus on basal half of anterior pronotal lobe deep and surrounded with an oval depression, posterior margin of pronotum straight in middle and slightly oblique laterally. Scutellum with “Y” shaped ridges thin, disc flat and smooth, scutellar process short, apex rounded and horizontal in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument minutely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron with integument finely granulate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and arcuate, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly.All sternites with tiny granules, moderately pilose. Mesosternum carinated in middle, metasternum with disc flat. Hemelytron well developed, distinctly exceeding tip of abdomen in male and slightly exceeding tip of abdomen in female. + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with golden pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, much thicker than other femora, armed below with rows of dark brown bristly setae but without distinct tubercles; tibia gradually thickened to apex, apical half distinctly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying nearly 1/2 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular; femur only slightly thickened; tibia with short golden to yellowish brown pilosity for whole length, with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length. Hind coxae separated from each other by more than width of one coxa; femur cylindrical, tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. + + +Abdomen +: Connexivum with golden pilosity as elsewhere on sternum. Spiracles situated below connexival suture, about halfway between anterior and posterior margin of each segment. Each spiracle with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. In female, venter of abdomen flat, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII extremely enlarged. + + +Male genitalia +: No specimen available for dissection. + + +Measurements +: [of +holotype +male of + +Pirates erythromelas + +when available, followed by +one female +]. Body length 15.30 ( +♂ +), 14.80 ( +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 4.59 ( +♂ +), 4.68 ( +♀ +); length of head 2.25 ( +♂ +), 1.97 ( +♀ +); length of anteocular region? ( +♂ +), 0.76 ( +♀ +); length of postocular region? ( +♂ +), 0.45 ( +♀ +); width of head across eyes 1.80 ( +♂ +), 1.44 ( +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.63 ( +♂ +), 0.56 ( +♀ +); width of interocellar space 0.18 ( +♂ +), 0.22 ( +♀ +); length of eye in dorsal view? ( +♂ +), 0.60 ( +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view? ( +♂ +), 0.45 ( +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 0.81 ( +♂ +), 0.76 ( +♀ +) / 2.70 ( +♂ +), 2.05 ( +♀ +) /? ( +♂ +), 2.09 ( +♀ +) /? ( +♂ +), 1.80 ( +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III? ( +♂ +), 0.76 ( +♀ +) /? ( +♂ +), 1.21 ( +♀ +) /? ( +♂ +), 0.57 ( +♀ +); length of pronotum 3.33 ( +♂ +), 3.44 ( +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe? ( +♂ +), 2.05 ( +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe? ( +♂ +), 1.36 ( +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe,? ( +♂ +), 2.73 ( +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe? ( +♂ +), 3.80 ( +♀ +); length of scutellum 1.53 ( +♂ +), 1.63 ( +♀ +); maximum width of scutellum 2.07 ( +♂ +), 1.71 ( +♀ +); length of hemelytron 10.71 ( +♂ +), 10.92 ( +♀ +); length of fore tibia? ( +♂ +), 2.47 ( +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia? ( +♂ +), 0.76 ( +♀ +). + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +Queensland +and +Northern Territory +). +Cassis & Gross (1995) +recorded this species also from +South Australia +and +Western Australia +, but these specimens were not located and examined in the present study. + + +Comparative notes. +This species may be separated from other Australian + +Brachysandalus +species + +by the relatively flat body shape, the fore femur armed below with rows of dark brown bristly setae but without distinct tubercles and the apical half of the fore tibia distinctly reflexed. + + + + +Remarks. +The female specimen from Hammond Island (Qld) differs from the +lectotype +in having the pronotum, scutellum and thoracic pleura pale yellow, and the head and appendages darker. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFF3FFF3D69CFE55B2A0D811.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFF3FFF3D69CFE55B2A0D811.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d250eb903dc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFF3FFF3D69CFE55B2A0D811.xml @@ -0,0 +1,994 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + +Genus + +Brachysandalus +Stål, 1867 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus +Stål, 1867: 260 + +; Maldonado Capriles (1990: 345). + + + + +Type +species: + +Brachysandalus lurco +Stål, 1867 + +, by subsequent designation ( +Jeannel, 1919: 253 +). + + + + + +Brachysandalus + +: +Stål (1874: 59) +, as subgenus of + +Pirates + +. + + + +Brachysandalus + +: +Villiers (1968: 1175) +, reinstated as genus. + + + + + +Brachysandalus + +: +Cassis & Gross (1995: 339) +and ABRS (accessed +August 2023 +), as subgenus of + +Peirates + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Hemelytron usually with a pale (variants of yellow / white / orange) oval or variable shaped spot involving apical area of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu (e.g., +Fig. 1A +) (note, only rarely this pale spot is indistinguishable), and an inconspicuous yellowish, thin, curved stripe near base of costal margin on membrane (e.g., +Fig. 1A +). + + + + +Head with postocular region ellipsoidal, almost rounded to neck, neck with lateral tubercles tiny (e.g., +Fig. 1A +). Pronotum with collar lateral process distinct and rounded apically, lateral margins of anterior pronotal lobe arcuate (e.g., +Fig. 1A +); ventral surface of fore femur with bristly setae and / or tubercles of varying size and shape, or teeth; fore and mid tibiae gradually thickened and expanded to apex, fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying over 1/3 but no more than 1/2 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 1/3 tibial length (e.g., +Figs.1B&C +). Brachypterous form with anterior pronotal lobe spherical, posterior lobe distinctly abbreviated; hemelytron rarely surpassing second abdominal tergite (e.g., +Fig. 4A +). Males with sternum VII on left side with (e.g., +Figs. 55 +, +56 +) or less commonly without an extragenital process. Pygophore oval in ventral view (e.g., +Fig. 2A +), paramere curved and usually subtriangular (e.g., 2D&E), dorsal phallothecal sclerite, strongly sclerotized and broad, apex obtuse or rounded (e.g., +Fig. 2F +); base of venter of phallosoma with a pair of slender sclerites (e.g., +Fig. 2G +). + + +Redescription. +Head +: Sub-fusiform in dorsal view, anteocular region elongate triangular, postocular region ellipsoidal, anteocular region distinctly longer than postocular, frontoclypeal sulcus distinct; postocular region almost rounded to neck, neck with lateral tubercles not developed; ventral surface of head tumid before eyes; maxillary plate developed. Antennae with all segments cylindrical, scape thickest and shortest, apical three segments slender and of subequal length. Eye reniform, usually not reaching ventral margin in lateral view, width of eye usually shorter than width of interocular space in dorsal view, sometimes wider than width of interocular space in males. Ocelli well developed and located on tubercles in macropterous form, reduced, obsolete and not raised or slightly raised in brachypterous form. Labium with second visible segment longest, tumid on ventral side. + + +Thorax +: Pronotum with collar lateral process distinct, apex rounded, anterior pronotal lobe subtrapezoidal with lateral margins arcuate, posterior pronotal lobe arcuately quadrate, humeri rounded, length of anterior pronotal lobe less than twice length of posterior lobe in macropterous form; anterior pronotal lobe nearly spherical, posterior lobe distinctly shortened, much shorter than anterior lobe in brachypterous form; integument of stripes on anterior lobe pilose and rough. Propleuron with integument often finely granulate, set off from dorsal surface by a carina, stridulitrum long total-striate +type +. Scutellum triangular, slightly wider than long, disc flat, “Y” shaped ridges distinct. Pleural and sternal integument finely granulate, metapleural sulcus curved with median part often nearly straight in macropterous form and entirely arcuate in brachypterous form; mesosternum with disc raised, metasternum raised with disc mostly flat. Hemelytra fully developed in macropterous or reduced in brachypterous forms. + + +Legs +: Fore coxa elongate, mid and hind coxae globular, mid coxae separated from each other by less than width of one coxa. Fore femur highly thickened, much thicker than mid and hind femora, ventral surface of fore femur usually with tubercles or teeth of varying size and shape, usually arranged in inner and outer rows separated by a shallow median furrow along length of femur, in addition with bristly setae, ventral surface of mid femur also often armed with tubercles or teeth in addition to bristly setae. Fore and mid tibiae gradually thickened to apex, apex expanded, fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying over 1/3 but no more than 1/2 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 1/3 tibial length, hind tibia slender and straight, slightly incrassate at apex. Tarsi three-segmented. + + +Abdomen +: Elongate parallel sided in male and nearly fusiform in female; venter of abdomen in male usually with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite and curved slightly to right side of body. Male sternum VII on left side with, or less commonly without, a visible extragenital process. Pygophore oval in ventral view with median pygophore process oblique to right side; paramere curved and usually subtriangular; dorsal, and lateral phallothecal sclerites strongly sclerotized, dorsal phallothecal sclerite broad, apex obtuse or rounded; base of venter of phallosoma with a pair of slender sclerites. + + +Comparative notes. +In addition to + +Brachysandalus + +, there are three peiratine genera distributed in +Australia +, viz., + +Ectomocoris +Mayr, 1865 + +, + +Microsandalus +Stål, 1867 + +and + +Sirthenea +Spinola, 1837 + +. + +Brachysandalus + +can be easily separated from + +Sirthenea + +by anteocular part of head less than three times as long as postocular part and antennal insertion near anterior margin of eye (vs. anteocular part of head more than three times as long as postocular part and antennal insertion approximately at middle of anteocular part of head in + +Sirthenea + +). + +Brachysandalus + +is more similar in general body shape with + +Ectomocoris + +and + +Microsandalus + +, and most Australian species of these three genera have wing dimorphism. But + +Brachysandalus + +differs from the other two in fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying over 1/3 but no more than 1/2 tibial length (vs. fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying more than 1/2 of tibial length in + +Ectomocoris + +and fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying slightly less than 1/3 of tibial length in + +Microsandalus + +). Also, in + +Brachysandalus + +, ventral surface of fore femur with bristly setae and / or tubercles of varying size and shape, or teeth, but in + +Ectomocoris + +, ventral surface of fore femur with bristly setae only, without any tubercle or tooth, and in + +Brachysandalus + +, anterior pronotal lobe subtrapezoidal with collar lateral process distinct, while in + +Microsandalus + +, anterior pronotal lobe subspherical and plump with collar process not developed. + + + +Brachysandalus + +was treated as subgenus of + +Peirates + +by +Stål (1874) +, but it could be distinguished from + +Peirates + +by the armature on ventral surface of fore femur mentioned above and the common colour pattern that hemelytron usually with a pale spot involving apical area of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu (vs. ventral surface of fore femur without any tubercle or tooth and colour pattern of hemelytron varies among different species in + +Peirates + +). + + + + + +Key to species of Australian + +Brachysandalus + + + + + + + + +1. Macropterous—submacropterous......................................................................... 2 + + +-. Brachypterous....................................................................................... 21 + + + + + +2. Hemelytron with pale (variants of yellow / orange / white), usually oval shaped patch involving only parts of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu (e.g., +Fig. 1A +) (except this patch almost indistinguishable on corium in + +B. fuliginosus +( +Erichson, 1842 +) + +( +Figs. 14A +, +15A +))......................................................... 3 + + + + +-. Hemelytron with pale (variants of yellow / orange / white) area involving parts of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu as well as an extensive area of most of corium and basal area of membrane (e.g., +Figs. 10 +, +11A +); (male extragenital process absent or only weakly developed, no males of + +B. erythromelas +( +Walker, 1873 +) + +examined)........... 17 + + + + + + +3. Membrane with broad subapical pale brownish yellow area contrasting with dark brown remainder area ( +Fig. 12A +)............................................................................... + +B. flavidus +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +-. Membrane without such subapical brownish yellow area (e.g., +Fig. 1A +).......................................... 4 + + + + + + +4. Scape long, subequal to head length ( +Fig. 28 +); hemelytron very narrow, width of both hemelytra in situ covering about 1/2 abdominal width ( +Fig. 28A +); (cave dwelling species)............................ + +B. howarthi +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +-. Scape short, usually much shorter than head length (e.g., +Fig. 1 +); hemelytron not narrow as above (e.g., +Fig. 1A +)......... 5 + + + + + + +5. Fore femora long and slender, about 4X as long as maximum width ( +Fig. 34 +).... + +B. longifemoratus +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +-. Fore femora short and robust, about 3X as long as maximum width (e.g., +Fig. 1 +)................................... 6 + + + + + + +6. Body large, ca +20 mm +or larger.......................................................................... 7 + + + + +-. Body small to medium, much shorter than +18 mm +........................................................... 9 + + + + + + +7. Legs and antennae coloured pale / yellow in contrast to dark brown to black pronotum and hemelytron ( +Fig. 8 +).......................................................................................... + +B. ephippiger +(White, 1843) + + + + + +-. Legs and antennae similarly coloured dark as pronotum and hemelytron ( +Figs. 26 +, +46 +)............................... 8 + + + + + + +8. Male extragenital process flat and broad triangular shaped ( +Figs. 55A +, +56A +); tip of scutellum bluntly upturned as seen in lateral view ( +Fig. 46C +); body usually jet black, particularly pronotum, abdomen and legs smooth ( +Fig. 46 +)................................................................................................. + +B. sepulchralis +( +Distant, 1902 +) + + + + + +-. Male extragenital process long, flat spine-like ( +Figs. 55D +, +56D +); tip of scutellum bluntly projected backwards as seen in lateral view; body dark brown, pronotum, abdomen and legs not smooth, distinctly covered with hairs of varying lengths ( +Fig. 26 +)...................................................................................... + +B. helluo +Stål, 1867 + + + + + + + +9. Legs yellowish like connexivum ( +Fig. 6 +)............................................ + +B. crassifemur +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + + + + + +-. Legs brown, dark brown or black like connexivum (e.g., +Fig. 1 +)............................................... 10 + + + + + + +10. Body < +10 mm +; pronotum black and shiny................................................................ 11 + + + + +-. Body much more than +10 mm +; pronotum dark brown to black and not shiny...................................... 12 + + + + + + +11. Venter of abdomen mostly black or dark brown ( +Fig. 44B +)................................... + +B. punctorius +Stål, 1867 + + + + + +-. Venter of abdomen orangish brown except sternite VII and posterior end dark brown ( +Fig. 3B +).............................................................................................. + +B. ayyammae +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +12. Body from above almost uniformly black or brownish black, pale area involving clavus and corium indistinct or almost absent ( +Figs. 14A +, +15A +); (southern Australian distribution).................................. + +B. fuliginosus +( +Erichson, 1842 +) + + + + + +-. Body from above brown or dark brown, pale area involving clavus and corium large and conspicuous (e.g., +Fig. 1A +)..... 13 + + + + + + +13. Membrane with a vague yellow patch near confluence of veins Cu and M ( +Fig. 38A +)...................................................................................................... + +B. maculatus +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +-. Membrane without vague yellow patch near confluence of veins Cu and M (e.g., +Fig. 1A +)........................... 14 + + + + + + +14. Posterior pronotal lobe narrow, less than 1.5X as wide as anterior lobe width ( +Fig. 1A +)......... + +B. alutaceus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + + + + + +-. Posterior pronotal lobe broad, about or more than 1.5X as wide as anterior lobe width (e.g., +Fig. 24A +)................. 15 + + + + + + +15. Legs dark brown except apex of fore femur and basal portion of fore tibia yellowish brown ( +Fig. 24 +); male extragenital process well developed, in the form of a minute tooth ( +Figs. 55L +, +56L +)................. + +B. gunbalanyae +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +-. Legs generally unicolor ( +Figs. 36 +, +53 +); male extragenital process absent ( +Fig. 36C +), or rarely present as a greatly reduced remnant process ( +Figs. 55M–P +, +56M–P +); (females brachypterous).............................................. 16 + + + + + + +16. Eyes large, eye width subequal to interocular space ( +Fig. 36A +); widely distributed except in +Western Australia +................................................................................................. + +B. lurco +Stål, 1867 + + + + + +-. Eyes small, eye width about 2/3 interocular space ( +Fig. 53A +); distributed only in +Western Australia +........................................................................................ + +B. westraliensis +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +17. Legs dark or black coloured contrasting with pale (yellow/ white) corium (e.g., +Fig. 11 +)............................ 18 + + + + +-. Legs pale coloured like most of corium (e.g., +Fig. 21 +)....................................................... 19 + + + + + + +18. Abdominal venter generally pale, except sternite VII dark ( +Fig. 11B +).................... + +B. erythromelas +( +Walker, 1873 +) + + + + + +-. Abdominal venter uniformly dark brown or black like legs ( +Figs. 17B +, +18B +)................ + +B. fulvipennis +( +Walker, 1873 +) + + + + + + + +19. Body size +12–14 mm +; fore and mid femora ventrally with two or three conspicuous forwardly directed spinelike teeth in addition to minute tubercles ( +Fig. 32B&C +)............................................. + +B. limbatus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + + + + + +-. Body size < +10 mm +; fore and mid femora ventrally with only minute tubercles ( +Figs. 21 +, +40 +)........................ 20 + + + + + + +20. Posterior pronotal lobe integument densely and finely pitted or punctured ( +Fig. 40A +); hemelytron with apical 2/3 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins PCu+1A and Cu yellowish white ( +Fig. 40A +)........................................................................................................ + +B. pallidus +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +-. +Posterior pronotal lobe integument not densely and finely pitted or punctured ( +Fig. 21A +); hemelytron with apical 2/3 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins PCu+1A and Cu yellow ( +Fig. 21A +)........ + +B. fulvipes +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +21. Body including wing pads uniformly dark / black, wing pads with posterior margin truncate ( +Fig. 14D +)............................................................................................. + +B. fuliginosus +( +Erichson, 1842 +) + + + + + +-. Body including wing pads dark and pale, wing pads with posterior margin gradually rounded (e.g., +Figs. 19A&B +)....... 22 + + + + + + +22. Legs and connexivum similarly uniformly coloured orange-yellow ( +Fig. 31 +).................. + +B. limbatus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + + + + + +-. Legs and connexivum coloured otherwise (e.g., +Fig. 4 +)...................................................... 23 + + + + + + +23. Legs contrastingly coloured lighter than abdomen ( +Fig. 22 +); (wing pads with basal 1/3 dark brown, apical 2/3 yellow with lateral areas yellowish brown)............................................... + +B. fulvipes +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +-. Legs similarly coloured dark or black like most of abdomen (e.g., +Fig. 4 +)........................................ 24 + + + + + + +24. Body particularly pronotum and legs shiny smooth black (e.g., +Fig. 4 +); body < +10 mm +.............................. 25 + + + + +-. Body particularly pronotum and legs dark brown to black, not shiny and smooth (e.g., +Fig. 19A&B +); body> +10 mm +...... 26 + + + + + + +25. Venter of abdomen uniformly black or dark brown ( +Fig. 43C&F +)............................. + +B. punctorius +Stål, 1867 + + + + + +-. Venter of abdomen with connexivum and medial areas of sternites with orangish brown or pale markings ( +Fig. 4B +).............................................................................. + +B. ayyammae +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +26. Abdominal tergites +VI +and VII densely covered with golden setae in addition to dark setae but not on other tergites (better seen in posterior slanting view of specimen) (e.g., +Fig. 48 +)........................................ + +B. setosus +( +Stål, 1874 +) + + + + + +-. Abdominal tergites +VI +and VII not densely covered with golden setae but only dark setae like other tergites ( +Fig. 19A&B +). 27 + + + + + + +27. Wing pad almost entirely yellow except dark extreme basal area ( +Fig. 19A&B +).............. + +B. fulvipennis +( +Walker, 1873 +) + + + + +-. Wing pad basal 1/2–2/3 including narrow costal band on corium black or dark, other area pale coloured................ 28 + + + + + +28. Distribution in +Western Australia +only; male extragenital process absent or occasionally present as a greatly reduced structure ( +Figs. 55M–P +, +56M–P +)................................................. + +B. westraliensis +Malipatil & Liu + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +-. Distribution in +Australia +except +Western Australia +; male extragenital process absent.................. + +B. lurco +Stål, 1867 + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFFEFFFFD69CFF50B2AAD97C.xml b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFFEFFFFD69CFF50B2AAD97C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9555ca33dd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/0A/09/87/0A0987BAFFFEFFFFD69CFF50B2AAD97C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,568 @@ + + + +Revision of Australian Brachysandalus with the description of nine new species including one cavernicolous species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), and observations on male extragenital structure and leg teratology + + + +Author + +Liu, Yingqi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors +malipatil@bigpond.com + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +0000-0002-3088-1035 +Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 & Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China yingqiliu 0720 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0881 - 9670 caiwz @ cau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8620 - 0446 * Corresponding authors & Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia malipatil @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3088 - 1035 +malipatil@bigpond.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-01 + + +5490 + + +1 + + +1 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5490.1.1 +1175-5334 +13211621 +E939D165-05C8-4557-BF13-751B26188C39 + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus alutaceus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 1 +, +2 +) + + + + + + + +Brachysandalus Helluo +Stål, 1867: 260 + + +. Synonym in part, + +Lethierry & Severin (1896: 124) + +. + + + + + + +Pirates +( +Brachysandalus +) +alutaceus +Reuter, 1881: 314 + + +. +Type +locality: +Australia +( +Port Denison +). + + + + +Brachysandalus alutaceus + +: Maldonado Capriles (1990: 345). + + + + +Peirates alutaceus + +: + +Cassis & Gross (1995: 340) + +. + + + + + +Type specimen examined. + +Lectotype +(present designation), macropterous female, +Typus +, Thorey., +Port Denison +, + +alutaceus +Typ. Reut., NHRS-GULI + +000000114 ( +NHRS +). + + + +Other specimens examined. +[all macropterous]. +QUEENSLAND +. +1 male +, Kowanyama, +11. i.1977 +, D.L. Hancock ( +QM +); + +1 female +, +13.27S +142.42E +, +Langi Lagoon +, +Mungkan Kandju N.P. +, at light open forest, + +29.vi.– 5.vii.1998 + +, +T. Weir +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +15.04S +145.07E +, +Mt Webb N. P. +nr +Cooktown +, at light in rainforest, stop 27, + +27–30.iv.1981 + +, +D.C.F. Rentz +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 female +, +Rockhampton +, NHRS-GULI 000008100 ( +NHRS +) + +. + +NORTHERN TERRITORY +. +3 males +, +2 females +, +Oenpelli +, 12.18, +D.P. Cahill +( +MV +) + +; + +1 female +, +Alligator R. +, + +22.ix.1914 + +, from D.P. +Cahill +( +MV +) + +; + +1 male +, +Northern Territory +, from +Prof Spencer +, +Colld. +7–8/12 ( +MV +) + +. + +WESTERN AUSTRALIA +. +1 male +(dissected), +Ord R. +5200 ( +WAM +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Macropterous male and female known, body medium sized. Dark brown to blackish brown ( +Fig. 1 +); hemelytron with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu ( +Fig. 1A +). Body wholly covered with golden, short pilosity ( +Fig. 1 +); fore femur armed below with two rows of tubercles, outer tubercles large and conical, inner ones minute, rows separated by a faint median furrow, ventral surface of mid femur densely covered with blackish brown bristly setae ( +Fig. 1B&C +); fore tibia with fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length, mid tibia with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length ( +Fig. 1B&C +); in male, left side of abdominal sternite VII with a large, strongly sclerotized, broad hook-shaped extragenital process, curved outwardly on abdominal integument, located close to posterior margin of sternite VII ( +Figs. 55C +, +56C +); male genitalia with median pygophore process long, straight and slightly oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged, apex blunt in caudal view ( +Fig. 2B +), spatulate and pointed at apex in lateral view ( +Fig. 2C +); inner margin of lateral phallothecal sclerite irregularly serrated ( +Fig. 2I +). + + + + +Redescription. + + +Macropterous male and female +( +Fig. 1 +) + + +Colouration +( +Fig. 1 +): Dark brown to blackish brown.Antenna brown with apical two segments yellowish brown; third visible labial segment brown; legs with tibiae brown and tarsi yellowish brown; hemelytron with a yellow, oval spot involving apical 1/2 of clavus and adjoining area of corium between veins Pcu+1A and Cu, an inconspicuous yellowish, thin, curved stripe near base of costal margin on membrane. + + +Structure +( +Figs. 1 +, +2 +): Body medium sized, wholly covered with golden, short pilosity; anteocular part of head, legs and posterior margin of abdomen covered with yellowish brown, suberect setae of varying lengths, ventral surface of mid femur also with blackish brown, short bristly setae; scutellar margins and apex of process covered with several brown bristly setae. + + +Head +: Anteocular region triangular, clypeus near its base slightly knobbed above mandibular plates. Interocular region with arcuate convex sulcus at posterior border of eyes, a small pit near base. Postocular region rounded to neck. Neck with lateral tubercles not obvious. Antennae with all segments covered with short whitish pilosity and sparse longer setae; scape thickest, pedicel thinner, then basi- and distiflagellum thinnest. Eyes medium sized, reniform, not reaching dorsal and ventral margins of head in lateral view, width of eye subequal to half width of interocular space in male and shorter than half width of interocular space in female in dorsal view. Ocelli moderately developed, slightly raised, separated from each other by slightly more than diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by slightly less than diameter of single ocellus in male while separated from each other by almost twice diameter of single ocellus, separated from eye by more than diameter of single ocellus in female. Labium with ventral surface sparsely covered with longish setae. + + +Thorax +: Anterior lobe of pronotum with distinct stripes, sulci indistinct, except shallow median longitudinal sulcus in basal half. Posterior pronotal lobe short, arcuately quadrate, integument finely rugulose, humeri rounded, posterior margin almost straight in middle and slightly concave laterally. Scutellum with a longitudinal oval depression on disc, scutellar process knob-shaped and slightly directed obliquely in lateral view. Propleuron with integument finely faintly granulate, smoothly pilose, set off from dorsal surface by a faint carina. Mesopleuron integument minutely granulate, sparsely pilose. Metapleuron with integument more distinctly granulate but granules not striate, metapleural sulcus distinctly bicarinate and arcuate, pilose with whitish dense hairs posteriorly. All sternites with tiny granules in median part, moderately pilose. Mesosternum with disc raised, metasternum with disc tumid. Hemelytra well developed, slightly exceeding tip of abdomen in male and just reaching to slightly exceeding tip of abdomen in female. + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Brachysandalus alutaceus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + +, lectotype, macropterous female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view. Scale bar = 3.00 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Brachysandalus alutaceus +( +Reuter, 1881 +) + +, male genitalia. A–C, pygophore; D, left paramere; E, right paramere; F– I, phallus. A, G, ventral view; B, caudal view; C, H, I, lateral view; D, E, outer ventrolateral view; F, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; bpb, basal plate bridge; dps, dorsal phallothecal sclerite; end, endosoma; lps, lateral phallothecal sclerite; mpp, median pygophore process; ped, pedicel; st, struts. Scale bar = 0.50 mm (for A–C); 0.40 mm (for D–I). + + + +Legs +: Fore leg with coxa with whitish pilosity; trochanter unarmed, sparsely hairy; femur strongly fusiform, greatly incrassate near base narrowing distally, much thicker than other femora, armed below with two rows of tubercles, outer tubercles large and conical, inner ones minute, rows separated by a faint median furrow; tibia gradually thickened to apex, almost straight but apex slightly reflexed, fossula spongiosa occupying about 2/5 tibial length. Mid leg with coxa globular, femur only slightly thickened, ventral surface densely covered with blackish brown bristly setae; tibia with short whitish to golden pilosity for whole length, with fossula spongiosa about 1/3 its length. Hind leg with coxae close to each other; femur cylindrical, tibia with brush of setae, denser at apex. Tarsi cylindrical, with denser short pilosity ventrally. + + +Abdomen +: In male, venter of abdomen with a median ridge running from posterior portion of second abdominal sternite to posterior portion of seventh abdominal sternite and curved slightly to right side of body; left side of sternite VII with a large, strongly sclerotized, broad hook-shaped extragenital process, curved outwardly on abdominal integument, located close to posterior margin of sternite VII ( +Figs. 55C +, +56C +). Connexivum with golden pilosity as elsewhere on sternum, abdominal sterna and terga entire. Spiracles situated below connexival suture, about halfway between anterior and posterior margin of each segment. Each spiracle with two impressed shiny roundish areas, one postero-ventrally and one anteriorly near anterior margin of segment. In female, same as male, venter of abdomen flat, all sterna appearing narrow medially except VII very enlarged ( +Fig. 1B +). + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 2 +): Median pygophore process long, straight and slightly oblique to right side, venter strongly ridged, apex blunt in caudal view ( +Fig. 2B +), spatulate and pointed at apex in lateral view ( +Fig. 2C +). Paramere subtriangular, outer surfaces densely covered with yellowish brown hairs ( +Fig. 2D&E +), apex of left paramere truncate ( +Fig. 2D +), left paramere ( +Fig. 2D +) slightly slender and longer than right paramere ( +Fig. 2E +). Phallus ( +Fig. 2F–I +) in resting condition with basal plate subequal to basal plate bridge ( +Fig. 2F +), pedicel slightly curved and shorter than basal plate ( +Fig. 2H&I +); length of struts longer than half length of phallosoma ( +Fig. 2F +); apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite rounded ( +Fig. 2F +); lateral phallothecal sclerite subquadrangular, inner margin irregularly serrated ( +Fig. 2I +); pair of slender sclerites near base of venter of phallosoma strongly sclerotized ( +Fig. 2G +). + + +Measurements +: [of +lectotype +female, followed by +one male +and +one female +]. Body length 14.82, 13.20 ( +♂ +),13.00 ( +♀ +); maximum width of abdomen 4.20, 3.90 ( +♂ +), 3.92 ( +♀ +); length of head 2.20, 2.09 ( +♂ +), 1.98 ( +♀ +); length of anteocular region 0.90, 0.76 ( +♂ +), 0.83 ( +♀ +); length of postocular region 0.41, 0.45 ( +♂ +), 0.49 ( +♀ +); width of head across eyes 1.53, 1.52 ( +♂ +),1.53 ( +♀ +); width of interocular space 0.75, 0.64 ( +♂ +), 0.62 ( +♀ +); width of interocellar space 0.30, 0.23 ( +♂ +), 0.22 ( +♀ +); length of eye in dorsal view 0.75, 0.76 ( +♂ +), 0.64 ( +♀ +); width of eye in dorsal view 0.40, 0.42 ( +♂ +), 0.49 ( +♀ +); lengths of antennal segments I–IV 1.40, 1.21 ( +♂ +), 1.36 ( +♀ +) / 2.39, 2.28 ( +♂ +), 2.10 ( +♀ +) / 2.01,? ( +♂ +),? ( +♀ +) / 2.20,? ( +♂ +),? ( +♀ +); length of visible labial segments I–III 0.75, 0.76 ( +♂ +), 0.83 ( +♀ +) / 1.21, 1.23 ( +♂ +), 1.25 ( +♀ +) / 0.42, 0.41 ( +♂ +), 0.48 ( +♀ +); length of pronotum 3.64, 3.42 ( +♂ +), 3.30 ( +♀ +); length of anterior pronotal lobe 2.28, 2.20 ( +♂ +), 2.12 ( +♀ +); length of posterior pronotal lobe 1.30, 1.10 ( +♂ +), 1.14 ( +♀ +); width of anterior pronotal lobe 2.90, 2.73 ( +♂ +), 2.75 ( +♀ +); width of posterior pronotal lobe 3.90, 3.45 ( +♂ +), 3.49 ( +♀ +); length of scutellum 1.60, 1.21 ( +♂ +), 1.40 ( +♀ +); maximum width of scutellum 1.80, 1.44 ( +♂ +), 1.45 ( +♀ +); length of hemelytra 9.90, 8.58 ( +♂ +),8.70 ( +♀ +); length of fore tibia 2.65, 2.47 ( +♂ +), 2.46 ( +♀ +); length of fossula spongiosa on fore tibia 0.90, 0.76 ( +♂ +), 0.68 ( +♀ +). + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +( +Queensland +, +Northern Territory +and +Western Australia +). The specimens examined in the present study have come from northern +Queensland +, top end of the +Northern Territory +and Ord River region in +Western Australia +. +Cassis & Gross (1995) +recorded this species also from +South Australia +, but these specimens were not located and examined in the present study. + + +Comparative notes. +This species is similar to + +B. gunbalanyae + + +sp. nov. + +and + +B. maculatus + + +sp. nov. + +in body colour and general structure within the genus, see details under comparative notes of + +B. maculatus + + +sp. nov. + +below. + + + + \ No newline at end of file