From 307c02cf03dccd43294f4f1821857787e915fcfa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Sat, 30 Nov 2024 15:36:18 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2024-11-30 15:31:14 --- .../A1/1838A12068D35A9E864E340DBB5525C4.xml | 188 +++++++------- .../01/48E30119F5885B94AA7E0F7D3E4091ED.xml | 242 +++++++++--------- .../A2/652FA2BC4D125A76ABD5AFD89766064F.xml | 226 ++++++++-------- .../77/73457721C4B254DA859BE208EA623014.xml | 208 +++++++-------- .../D3/8620D32FDA015D48A5AC5312FFCA3401.xml | 210 +++++++-------- .../40/91C3405E095D5F67847614CF164A8EB5.xml | 198 +++++++------- .../34/B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE.xml | 212 +++++++-------- .../8A/F4178AA8E0C55507B0DF7D82EAB899CB.xml | 208 +++++++-------- 8 files changed, 846 insertions(+), 846 deletions(-) diff --git a/data/18/38/A1/1838A12068D35A9E864E340DBB5525C4.xml b/data/18/38/A1/1838A12068D35A9E864E340DBB5525C4.xml index 1451c57ce25..8a24b788490 100644 --- a/data/18/38/A1/1838A12068D35A9E864E340DBB5525C4.xml +++ b/data/18/38/A1/1838A12068D35A9E864E340DBB5525C4.xml @@ -1,150 +1,150 @@ - - - -Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology + + + +Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology - - -Author + + +Author -Spasojevic, Tamara -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +Spasojevic, Tamara +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland - - -Author + + +Author -Broad, Gavin R. -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 -Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK +Broad, Gavin R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 +Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK - - -Author + + +Author -Klopfstein, Seraina -https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland -seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch +Klopfstein, Seraina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch -text - - -Fossil Record +text + + +Fossil Record - -2022 - -2022-06-07 + +2022 + +2022-06-07 - -25 + +25 - -1 + +1 - -187 -212 + +187 +212 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -2193-0074-1-187 -6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 -86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 +2193-0074-1-187 +6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 +86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD - - - -Armadilleon morticinus (Brues, 1910) -comb. nov. + + + +Armadilleon morticinus (Brues, 1910) +comb. nov. - - -Fig. 9 + + +Fig. 9 - - -* Pimpla morticina + + +* Pimpla morticina Brues, 1910 - -Material. - + +Material. + Photographs examined of the -holotype +holotype (#PALE-2156) and -paratype +paratype (#PALE-2157) females (parts only), obtained from the MCZ. - -Stratum. -Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. + +Stratum. +Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. - -Description. - -Holotype + +Description. + +Holotype and -paratype +paratype (both females) very well preserved, including carination and sculpture of mesosoma, with fore wings, partial hind wings, some almost complete legs and ovipositor including sheaths. Both holotype and paratype with remains of dark colouration on most body parts, but overall, colouration not well preserved; metasoma possibly orange or red from T2 (#p, somewhat uncertain). Body length 10.4 mm (#p 10.1 mm). - -Head + +Head short, only partly preserved, one lateral ocellus and strong sculpture on frons visible (#h). -Antennae +Antennae rather stout, scape about 1.6 times longer than wide, pedicel short, about 24 flagellomeres, basal ones subquadrate, becoming quadrate and transverse towards apex (#h). -Mesosoma +Mesosoma strongly sculptured; pronotum about 0.7 -x +x as long as high, with longitudinal rugae and with epomia strong, angled forward above; mesoscutum with strong punctures, in posterior half increasingly arranged in longitudinal lines; notauli absent; scutellum and postscutellum slightly convex; mesopleuron with very strong and conspicuous longitudinal carinae forming wave-like patterns; sternaulus strong and reaching posterior end in sinusoid curve; epicnemial carina long and curving towards front end of mesopleuron at around mid-height of pronotum. Propodeum with all three lateral, three pleural and petiolar areas enclosed by carinae, basal area and areola fused (or basal area very short); pleural carina complete; propodeal spiracle slightly elliptic; propodeum covered by strong rugae forming wavy patterns, unpunctured. -Fore wing +Fore wing 5.2 mm (#p 5.3 mm), venation only partially preserved, brown or dark brown; areolet probably closed and pentagonal (cf. #p); 1cu-a meeting M + Cu opposite of 1M; 3Cu a bit longer than 2cu-a; hind wing reconstruction difficult. -Legs +Legs rather stout, hind leg with femur less than 3 -x +x longer than wide. -Metasoma +Metasoma dorsoventrally depressed or with apical segments somewhat compressed; T1 broad posteriorly, but strongly narrowed towards base, forming petiole, 1.6 -x +x as long as apically wide; latero-median and dorso-lateral carinae present on entire length; T2 and following transverse; T7 not much shorter than T6. -Ovipositor +Ovipositor 2.8 mm (#p 3.2 mm); ovipositor sheaths about 1.6 mm (#p 1.7 mm), as long as hind tibia; ovipositor straight, parallel-sided, without dorsal subapical notch, with weak nodus and potentially some ridges apically on lower valve (#p). - - -Figure 9. - -Armadilleon morticinus + + +Figure 9. + +Armadilleon morticinus (Brues, 1910) comb. nov. -A. +A. Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ; -B. +B. Our interpretative drawing of the holotype; -C. +C. Photograph of the paratype obtained from the MCZ; -D. +D. Our interpretative drawing of the paratype. Thicker black lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. Grey lines and circles show conspicuous sculpture of the cuticle. - -Interpretation. - + +Interpretation. + For subfamily placement and genus diagnosis, see description of the genus above. For distinguishing features from the other species in the genus, - -A. petrorum + +A. petrorum , see under that species. diff --git a/data/48/E3/01/48E30119F5885B94AA7E0F7D3E4091ED.xml b/data/48/E3/01/48E30119F5885B94AA7E0F7D3E4091ED.xml index 6caa98aaf6a..0a8b4366a10 100644 --- a/data/48/E3/01/48E30119F5885B94AA7E0F7D3E4091ED.xml +++ b/data/48/E3/01/48E30119F5885B94AA7E0F7D3E4091ED.xml @@ -1,205 +1,205 @@ - - - -Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology + + + +Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology - - -Author + + +Author -Spasojevic, Tamara -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +Spasojevic, Tamara +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland - - -Author + + +Author -Broad, Gavin R. -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 -Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK +Broad, Gavin R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 +Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK - - -Author + + +Author -Klopfstein, Seraina -https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland -seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch +Klopfstein, Seraina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch -text - - -Fossil Record +text + + +Fossil Record - -2022 - -2022-06-07 + +2022 + +2022-06-07 - -25 + +25 - -1 + +1 - -187 -212 + +187 +212 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -2193-0074-1-187 -6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 -86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 +2193-0074-1-187 +6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 +86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD - - - + + + * -Lithoserix williamsi Brown, 1986 +Lithoserix williamsi Brown, 1986 - - -Fig. 12 + + +Fig. 12 - -Material. - - + +Material. + + Photograph examined of the -holotype +holotype (part, # -UCM31179 +UCM31179 ), obtained from the UCM . - -Stratum. -Old Scudder Pit, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 My. + +Stratum. +Old Scudder Pit, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 My. - -Description. - -Female. + +Description. + +Female. Part showing dorsal view including partially preserved antennae, partial head, mesosoma preservation rather patchy, with right fore wing partial and complete left fore and hind wings, partial mid and hind legs, and metasoma including ovipositor sheaths and ovipositor except tip. Body length 22 mm. -Brown, wing veins dark brown where colour is preserved, femora and posterior half of tergites darker brown, posterior half of tergites possibly darker than anterior. - - -Figure 12. - -Lithoserix williamsi +Brown, wing veins dark brown where colour is preserved, femora and posterior half of tergites darker brown, posterior half of tergites possibly darker than anterior. + + +Figure 12. + +Lithoserix williamsi (Brown, 1986) comb. nov. -A. +A. Photograph of the holotype obtained from the UCM; -B. +B. Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. - -Head + +Head , with complete occipital carina straight to evenly rounded or slightly dipped medially. - -Antenna + +Antenna e at least 14 mm long, first few segments probably short, only slightly longer than wide. -Mesosoma +Mesosoma with notauli strongly impressed, converging and extending past half of mesoscutum; scutellum borders unclear, might be displaced posteriorly and visible as small triangular structure or larger and broken around middle; metanotum visible, of regular size. Propodeum with carinae difficult to interpret, but at least with complete lateral longitudinal carinae, anterior portion of median longitudinal carinae, anterior transverse carina and some indication of pleural carinae; spiracle small and oval. -Fore wing +Fore wing 16.5 mm, with areolet almost triangular, 2 + 3M longer than 4M; 4Rs clearly bowed at base; 1cu-a meeting M + Cu opposite of 1M, 3Cu slightly longer than 2cu-a; ramulus longer than twice the width of the surrounding veins; cell 2R1 4.3 -x +x longer than wide. Hind wing with 1Rs longer than rs-m and 1Cu clearly shorter than cu-a. -Legs +Legs rather stout, hind femur around 3.4 -x +x longer than wide. -Metasoma +Metasoma with T1 quadrate, only slightly narrowed towards base, with dorsal longitudinal carinae parallel to each other and almost reaching or reaching posterior margin of tergite; T2 subquadrate with oblique grooves cutting off anterolateral corners; T3-T7 transverse. -Ovipositor +Ovipositor at least 19 mm long, at least 3.5 -x +x as long as hind tibia, straight and parallel sided, rather robust. - -Interpretation. - + +Interpretation. + Described originally in the symphytan family -Siricidae +Siricidae , this taxon was moved to the tribe -Ephialtini +Ephialtini in -Pimplinae +Pimplinae more recently (Kasparyan and Rasnitsyn 1992). It clearly belongs to -Ichneumonidae +Ichneumonidae based on the wing venation. A quadrate areolet and 2m-cu evenly curved outwards, with two bullae, quadrate T1 with lateromedian longitudinal carinae and long ovipositor, clearly support the placement of the genus in -Pimplinae +Pimplinae . Tribal placement is in fact not unequivocal, as some -Delomeristini +Delomeristini genera also show as much resemblance to - -Lithoserix + +Lithoserix as the ephialtine - -Dolichomitus + +Dolichomitus Smith, 1877 mentioned by Kasparyan and Rasnitsyn (1992). The presence of a transverse carina in the anterior part of the propodeum is unusual for -Pimplinae +Pimplinae and can be seen only in - -Xanthopimpla + +Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 ( -Pimplini +Pimplini ) some -Theroniini +Theroniini and, in a very reduced form, in - -Delomerista + +Delomerista -Foerster +Foerster , 1869 ( -Delomeristini +Delomeristini ), In fact, the presence of rather extensive carination on the propodeum is rather reminiscent of -Delomeristini +Delomeristini , although this is probably the plesiomorphic state in the subfamily ( -Kopylov et al. 2018 +Kopylov et al. 2018 ). To distinguish between -Delomeristini +Delomeristini and -Ephialtini +Ephialtini , the tarsal claws would need to be examined, which are not preserved in either of the two specimens currently attributed to the genus. In any case, the long ramulus and short flagellar segments are unique for - -Lithoserix + +Lithoserix , which we suggest to keep without tribal assignment in -Pimplinae +Pimplinae . - - -Pimplinae + + +Pimplinae ? Wesmael, 1845 - - - -Pimpla + + + +Pimpla ? Fabricius, 1804 diff --git a/data/65/2F/A2/652FA2BC4D125A76ABD5AFD89766064F.xml b/data/65/2F/A2/652FA2BC4D125A76ABD5AFD89766064F.xml index 8bac9ba4160..e8043bf1875 100644 --- a/data/65/2F/A2/652FA2BC4D125A76ABD5AFD89766064F.xml +++ b/data/65/2F/A2/652FA2BC4D125A76ABD5AFD89766064F.xml @@ -1,187 +1,187 @@ - - - -Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology + + + +Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology - - -Author + + +Author -Spasojevic, Tamara -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +Spasojevic, Tamara +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland - - -Author + + +Author -Broad, Gavin R. -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 -Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK +Broad, Gavin R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 +Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK - - -Author + + +Author -Klopfstein, Seraina -https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland -seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch +Klopfstein, Seraina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch -text - - -Fossil Record +text + + +Fossil Record - -2022 - -2022-06-07 + +2022 + +2022-06-07 - -25 + +25 - -1 + +1 - -187 -212 + +187 +212 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -2193-0074-1-187 -6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 -86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 +2193-0074-1-187 +6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 +86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD - - - -Polysphincta? inundata Brues, 1910 + + + +Polysphincta? inundata Brues, 1910 - - -Fig. 14 + + +Fig. 14 - - -* Polysphincta inundata + + +* Polysphincta inundata Brues, 1910 - -Material. - + +Material. + Photographs of the -holotype +holotype (part only, #PALE-2135) obtained from the MCZ. - -Stratum. -Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. + +Stratum. +Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. - -Description. - - + +Description. + + Female. -Holotype +Holotype in lateroventral view, with one nearly complete and one partial antenna, head, mesosoma showing some carinae and sculpture, nearly complete fore wings and one partial hind wing, hind legs strongly and mid and fore legs weakly outlined, metasoma complete with ovipositor with sheaths. Body length 10.1 mm. -Black or dark brown on head, mesosoma and T1, antennae and remaining metasoma orange, hind legs dark brown at least on femur and apex of hind tibia, other legs probably orange. - -Head +Black or dark brown on head, mesosoma and T1, antennae and remaining metasoma orange, hind legs dark brown at least on femur and apex of hind tibia, other legs probably orange. + +Head rather short, poorly preserved but outline of eyes partially indicated. -Antennae +Antennae 7.1 mm, with more than 39 (probably around 43) flagellomeres, basal segments longer than wide, from about mid length transverse, scape short. -Mesosoma +Mesosoma rather stout, with epomia present on pronotum; mesopleuron with epicnemial carina curved forward around mid-height of pronotum, with fine longitudinal carinulae at least in front of mesepimeron. Propodeum with pleural, lateral and lateromedian longitudinal carinae seemingly complete, with indication of low posterior transverse carina and maybe also part of anterior transverse carina. -Fore wing +Fore wing 6.8 mm; areolet open, vein 2 + 3M twice as long as 2Rs; 1cu-a meeting 2Cu at the same position as 1M; cell 2R1 rather long, 3.6 -x +x as long as wide. Hind wing with vein 1Rs much longer than rs-m; 1Cu about as long as cu-a (but a bit difficult to see). -Legs +Legs rather stout; hind femur 3.0 -x +x and hind tibia 7 -x +x as long as wide. -Metasoma +Metasoma mostly dorsoventrally depressed and somewhat compressed towards apex, with T1 a bit elongate and nearly parallel sided, with what are probably latero-median and dorso-lateral carinae; T2 and following tergites transverse. -Ovipositor +Ovipositor 3.8 mm, 1.6 -x +x as long as hind tibia, upcurved at apex, seemingly tapering from about middle to apex; ovipositor sheaths parallel-sided. - - -Figure 14. -Polysphincta? inundata + + +Figure 14. +Polysphincta? inundata (Brues, 1910) comb. nov. -A. +A. Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ; -B. +B. Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. - -Interpretation. - + +Interpretation. + Members of the - -Polysphincta + +Polysphincta group of genera are koinobiont ectoparasitoids of spiders and have a unique ovipositor, which is expanded at the base and again around mid-length, from where it evenly tapers into a narrow point. The state of the ovipositor in - -P. inundata + +P. inundata seems consistent with this description, but this is somewhat unclear, despite the in general very good preservation of this fossil. Alternatively, if our interpretation of the ovipositor is wrong and there is not a median swelling, it would point to - -Clistopyga + +Clistopyga Gravenhorst, 1829, a sister genus of the polysphinctines. The fact that we cannot see any paired swellings, impressions or raised areas on tergites, which are typical for many but not all polysphinctines, speaks also more for - -Clistopyga + +Clistopyga . However, the propodeal carination never occurs in - -Clistopyga + +Clistopyga , and although it is reduced in most extant members of the polysphinctines, with at most longitudinal carinae present, the posterior transverse carina occurs in some genera, e.g., - -Sinarachna + +Sinarachna Townes, 1960, - -Acrodactyla + +Acrodactyla Haliday, 1838 and - -Zatypota + +Zatypota -Foerster +Foerster , 1869. These genera, however, have shorter ovipositors without the upcurved tip. Because we cannot find a convincing alternative placement for the fossil, we leave it in the current genus but express uncertainty in its placement. - - -Lycorininae + + +Lycorininae ? Cushman & Rohwer, 1920 - - - -Lycorina + + + +Lycorina ? Holmgren, 1859 diff --git a/data/73/45/77/73457721C4B254DA859BE208EA623014.xml b/data/73/45/77/73457721C4B254DA859BE208EA623014.xml index a3dc75689bf..73c506f4a56 100644 --- a/data/73/45/77/73457721C4B254DA859BE208EA623014.xml +++ b/data/73/45/77/73457721C4B254DA859BE208EA623014.xml @@ -1,167 +1,167 @@ - - - -Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology + + + +Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology - - -Author + + +Author -Spasojevic, Tamara -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +Spasojevic, Tamara +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland - - -Author + + +Author -Broad, Gavin R. -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 -Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK +Broad, Gavin R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 +Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK - - -Author + + +Author -Klopfstein, Seraina -https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland -seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch +Klopfstein, Seraina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch -text - - -Fossil Record +text + + +Fossil Record - -2022 - -2022-06-07 + +2022 + +2022-06-07 - -25 + +25 - -1 + +1 - -187 -212 + +187 +212 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -2193-0074-1-187 -6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 -86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 +2193-0074-1-187 +6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 +86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD - - - -Pimpla? seyrigi Theobald, 1937 + + + +Pimpla? seyrigi Theobald, 1937 - - -Fig. 13 + + +Fig. 13 - - -* Pimpla seyrigi + + +* Pimpla seyrigi Theobald,1937 - -Material. - - -Holotype + +Material. + + +Holotype (part F1322/1 and counterpart F1322/2) examined at the NMBA. - -Stratum. -Kleinkembs, Pays de Bade, Haut-Rhin, France. Early Oligocene (Rupelian), 33.9-28.4 Ma. + +Stratum. +Kleinkembs, Pays de Bade, Haut-Rhin, France. Early Oligocene (Rupelian), 33.9-28.4 Ma. - -Description. -Sex unknown. Dorsal aspect of head (part), fairly complete antennae, mesosoma, almost complete fore wings and one nearly complete and one partial hind wing, partial hind legs, and metasoma present. Body length ~9.3 mm. -Mainly black, dark brown on wing veins, antennae and most of tergites, those with light end margins, legs lighter brown. - -Head + +Description. +Sex unknown. Dorsal aspect of head (part), fairly complete antennae, mesosoma, almost complete fore wings and one nearly complete and one partial hind wing, partial hind legs, and metasoma present. Body length ~9.3 mm. +Mainly black, dark brown on wing veins, antennae and most of tergites, those with light end margins, legs lighter brown. + +Head seemingly elongate with long gena, rather than representing front view, given that antennae insert at the anterior edge. -Antenna +Antenna almost as long as body, 1.25 -x +x longer than fore wing, with more than 34 flagellomeres, evenly tapered from middle to apex. -Mesosoma +Mesosoma not well preserved, with no details discernible. -Fore wing +Fore wing 6.6 mm; areolet closed, somewhat petiolate anteriorly and almost triangular, with vein 2m-cu meeting 3M almost at outer corner; 2m-cu bowed outwards, probably with two bullae; 1cu-a meeting M + Cu clearly distally of 1M, 3Cu clearly longer than 2cu-a; cell 2R1 2.5 -x +x longer than wide. -Hind wing +Hind wing with cell R conspicuously narrow, vein 1Rs a bit longer than rs-m; cell 1Cu broad with vein M + Cu bowed; 1Cu only about half as long as cu-a. -Legs +Legs not well preserved; hind legs rather elongate; hind tibia 6.4 -x +x as long as wide. -Metasoma +Metasoma with T1 parallel-sided, 1.7 -x +x longer than broad; T2 and following tergites transverse; each tergite except for T1 with a light band apically which from T4 becomes narrower medially until it is cut into two lateral spots. -Ovipositor +Ovipositor not discernible. - - -Figure 13. -Pimpla? seyrigi + + +Figure 13. +Pimpla? seyrigi (Theobald, 1937), comb. nov. -A. +A. Photograph of the part and -B. +B. Counterpart of the holotype of taken at the NMBA; -C, D. +C, D. Corresponding interpretative drawings. In the drawings, thicker lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. - -Interpretation. - + +Interpretation. + The taxonomic affinity of this fossil is very difficult to discern. The elongate, tapering antennae and shape of the metasoma point to -Ctenopelmatinae +Ctenopelmatinae , but some -Pimplinae +Pimplinae cannot be ruled out. In addition, the wide quadrate areolet and outwards curved 2m-cu are rarely seen in -Ctenopelmatinae +Ctenopelmatinae , but they are quite common in -Pimplinae +Pimplinae . Given the poor preservation of the mesosoma, many important characters cannot be observed. As we cannot decide on the subfamily placement, removing the fossil from -Pimplinae +Pimplinae and labelling it as incertae subfamiliae would require description of a new genus based on the insufficient character evidence. We thus take a conservative approach, leaving the fossil within the genus - -Pimpla + +Pimpla , but emphasizing the uncertainty in this placement by adding a question mark behind both the genus and subfamily name. - - -Pimplinae + + +Pimplinae Wesmael, 1845 - - - -Polysphincta + + + +Polysphincta Gravenhorst, 1829 diff --git a/data/86/20/D3/8620D32FDA015D48A5AC5312FFCA3401.xml b/data/86/20/D3/8620D32FDA015D48A5AC5312FFCA3401.xml index 2fca292deaf..989d5dc4586 100644 --- a/data/86/20/D3/8620D32FDA015D48A5AC5312FFCA3401.xml +++ b/data/86/20/D3/8620D32FDA015D48A5AC5312FFCA3401.xml @@ -1,170 +1,170 @@ - - - -Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology + + + +Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology - - -Author + + +Author -Spasojevic, Tamara -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +Spasojevic, Tamara +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland - - -Author + + +Author -Broad, Gavin R. -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 -Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK +Broad, Gavin R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 +Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK - - -Author + + +Author -Klopfstein, Seraina -https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland -seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch +Klopfstein, Seraina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch -text - - -Fossil Record +text + + +Fossil Record - -2022 - -2022-06-07 + +2022 + +2022-06-07 - -25 + +25 - -1 + +1 - -187 -212 + +187 +212 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -2193-0074-1-187 -6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 -86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 +2193-0074-1-187 +6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 +86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD - - - -Armadilleon -gen. nov. + + + +Armadilleon +gen. nov. - -Type species. - - -Armadilleon morticinus + +Type species. + + +Armadilleon morticinus ( -Brues 1910 +Brues 1910 ). - -Etymology. -This genus is named after the heavily armoured armadillo due to its unique, heavy sculpture. + +Etymology. +This genus is named after the heavily armoured armadillo due to its unique, heavy sculpture. - -Diagnosis. - + +Diagnosis. + The placement within the subfamily Phygadeountinae -Phygadeountinae +Phygadeountinae is evident from the strong and long sternaulus, which posteriorly ends above the mid-height of the hind coxa, the probably pentagonal areolet, T1 in the shape of a petiole, and the ovipositor clearly protruding from the metasomal apex and without a dorsal subapical notch. In strong and wavy structure on the mesosoma, - -Armadilleon + +Armadilleon resembles several described phygadeuontine genera, such as - -Astomaspis + +Astomaspis -Foester +Foester , 1869 and - -Bentyra + +Bentyra Cameron, 1905 from the subtribe -Chiroticina +Chiroticina , - -Diaglyptidea + +Diaglyptidea Viereck, 1913 and - -Acrolyta + +Acrolyta -Foerster +Foerster , 1869 from -Acrolytina +Acrolytina , and - -Brachypimpla + +Brachypimpla , Strobl 1902 from the subtribe -Mastrina +Mastrina ; it also resembles some undescribed tropical phygadeuontines with similar sculpture (Mabel Alvarado pers. comm.). In the fore wing venation, propodeal carination, clypeus shape in the profile and shape of the ovipositor, - -Armadilleon + +Armadilleon is very similar to - -Brachypimpla + +Brachypimpla , but it differs from it in the more extensive longitudinal striate sculpture on the mesosoma that is additionally present on the mesoscutum, anterior half of the propodeum and gena, absent notauli and lack of ramulus in the fore wing, stouter legs, and the flatter T1 in the profile. In addition, - -Armadilleon + +Armadilleon has longer metasoma as the posterior tergites are exposed, while they are retracted below each other in - -Brachypimpla + +Brachypimpla . However, our interpretation of the metasoma should be regarded with caution, as the tergites might have been pushed out and distributed evenly during the preservation process. - -Description. - -Head + +Description. + +Head above and possibly on front with conspicuous, nubby sculpture. -Mesosoma +Mesosoma with mesoscutum with strong and dense punctures, which fuse into parallel carinae towards the posterior end; mesopleuron and propodeum nearly completely covered with strong striae forming wavy patterns; sternaulus on mesopleuron strong, reaching almost to its end. Propodeum with strong carinae enclosing area petiolaris, areal lateralis, area basalis, and at least first and second lateral areas. -Fore wing +Fore wing areolet pentagonal. -Metasoma +Metasoma with T1 broad at apex and strongly tapering towards the narrow base, humped around middle and thus forming a petiole and postpetiole. -Ovipositor +Ovipositor clearly protruding from metasoma by about the length of the hind tibia, without a dorsal notch. - -Circumscription. - - -Armadilleon + +Circumscription. + + +Armadilleon includes - -A. morticinus + +A. morticinus and - -A. petrorum + +A. petrorum , both from the Oligocene Florissant formation. diff --git a/data/91/C3/40/91C3405E095D5F67847614CF164A8EB5.xml b/data/91/C3/40/91C3405E095D5F67847614CF164A8EB5.xml index 2042c41d01f..d1a1ede68eb 100644 --- a/data/91/C3/40/91C3405E095D5F67847614CF164A8EB5.xml +++ b/data/91/C3/40/91C3405E095D5F67847614CF164A8EB5.xml @@ -1,158 +1,158 @@ - - - -Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology + + + +Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology - - -Author + + +Author -Spasojevic, Tamara -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +Spasojevic, Tamara +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland - - -Author + + +Author -Broad, Gavin R. -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 -Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK +Broad, Gavin R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 +Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK - - -Author + + +Author -Klopfstein, Seraina -https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland -seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch +Klopfstein, Seraina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch -text - - -Fossil Record +text + + +Fossil Record - -2022 - -2022-06-07 + +2022 + +2022-06-07 - -25 + +25 - -1 + +1 - -187 -212 + +187 +212 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -2193-0074-1-187 -6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 -86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 +2193-0074-1-187 +6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 +86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD - - - + + + * -Orthocentrus defossus Brues, 1910 +Orthocentrus defossus Brues, 1910 - - -Fig. 7 + + +Fig. 7 - -Material. - + +Material. + Photographs of the -holotype +holotype (part only, #2238) obtained from the MCZ. - -Stratum. -Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. + +Stratum. +Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. - -Description. -Probably female. Holotype in ventro-lateral view with metasoma bent under the body, with nearly complete antennae, head, mesosoma, both fore and one hind wing and nearly complete hind legs. Overlapping metasoma, legs and fore wing make interpretation partially difficult. Hairs on wings and hind legs very well preserved. Body length 8.2 mm. -Black or dark brown on head, mesosoma and T1; dark brown on antennae, base of hind coxa, hind femur and outer side of hind tibia, red on remainder of hind legs and T2 until end of metasoma; wing venation dark brown to orange. - -Head + +Description. +Probably female. Holotype in ventro-lateral view with metasoma bent under the body, with nearly complete antennae, head, mesosoma, both fore and one hind wing and nearly complete hind legs. Overlapping metasoma, legs and fore wing make interpretation partially difficult. Hairs on wings and hind legs very well preserved. Body length 8.2 mm. +Black or dark brown on head, mesosoma and T1; dark brown on antennae, base of hind coxa, hind femur and outer side of hind tibia, red on remainder of hind legs and T2 until end of metasoma; wing venation dark brown to orange. + +Head with face bulging, eye rather small, malar space very long and with a deep groove. -Antennae +Antennae stout, with at least 20 flagellomeres, scape elongate, 1.8 -x +x as long as wide. -Mesosoma +Mesosoma short and stout; pronotum with a short lower part of epomia and parallel wrinkles posteriorly, which are mirrored on mesopleuron; epicnemial carina might be present ventrally (or this is the impression of a fore coxa). Metapleuron rather high, with what seems like strong juxacoxal carina visible on both sides; propodeum with pleural and a low apical transvers carina visible, remainder unclear. -Wings +Wings evenly hairy, fore wing 4.5 mm, with areolet rather large and pentagonal, receiving 2m-cu close to its outer corner, 4M thus very short; 1cu-a meeting 2Cu distinctly after 1M; 3Cu a little shorter than 2cu-a; cell 2R short and stout (2.6 -x +x ). Hind wing with 1Cu almost 4 -x +x longer than 1cu-a, 2Cu rather weak, 1Rs somewhat longer than rs-m. Hind -legs +legs rather stout, femur 2.5 -x +x and tibia 4.5 -x +x longer than wide. -Metasoma +Metasoma poorly preserved, but last segments seemingly compressed and tergites transversal. -Ovipositor +Ovipositor sheaths about as long as height of tip of metasoma. - - -Figure 7. - -Orthocentrus defossus + + +Figure 7. + +Orthocentrus defossus (Brues, 1910) -A. +A. Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ; -B. +B. Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations - -Interpretation. - + +Interpretation. + We agree with the original placement of this species. Despite the difficulties in interpreting the ventral part of the mesosoma and the metasoma, the characters visible on the head and wings allow confidence in placing this species in the - -Orthocentrus + +Orthocentrus genus-group of -Orthocentrinae +Orthocentrinae . Character evidence for this placement are the bulging face, long malar space, and shortened antennae with an elongate scape. Within the group, only - -Orthocentrus + +Orthocentrus contains species with such a large, pentagonal areolet, and the malar groove and 1cu-a meeting 2Cu distinctly after 1M are a further good match with this genus. - - -Orthocentrinae -Foerster + + +Orthocentrinae +Foerster , 1869 - - - -Orthocentrus + + + +Orthocentrus ? Gravenhorst, 1829 diff --git a/data/B8/CD/34/B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE.xml b/data/B8/CD/34/B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE.xml index 69c5957f5f4..2b5a271c5af 100644 --- a/data/B8/CD/34/B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE.xml +++ b/data/B8/CD/34/B8CD347FBB7C5F65BF3A26500EFEC4CE.xml @@ -1,174 +1,174 @@ - - - -Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology + + + +Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology - - -Author + + +Author -Spasojevic, Tamara -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +Spasojevic, Tamara +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland - - -Author + + +Author -Broad, Gavin R. -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 -Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK +Broad, Gavin R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 +Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK - - -Author + + +Author -Klopfstein, Seraina -https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland -seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch +Klopfstein, Seraina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch -text - - -Fossil Record +text + + +Fossil Record - -2022 - -2022-06-07 + +2022 + +2022-06-07 - -25 + +25 - -1 + +1 - -187 -212 + +187 +212 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -2193-0074-1-187 -6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 -86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 +2193-0074-1-187 +6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 +86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD - - - -Armadilleon petrorum (Brues, 1910) -comb. nov. + + + +Armadilleon petrorum (Brues, 1910) +comb. nov. - - -Fig. 10 + + +Fig. 10 - - -* Polysphincta petrorum + + +* Polysphincta petrorum Brues, 1910 - -Material. - + +Material. + Photographs of the -holotype +holotype (part, #PALE-2136) obtained from the MCZ. - -Stratum. -Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. + +Stratum. +Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. - -Description. - - + +Description. + + Female. -Holotype +Holotype in lateral view with nearly complete antennae, partial head, mesosoma detailing sculpture, both fore and hind wings, at least parts of all legs, and metasoma with ovipositor with sheaths. Body length 9.2 mm. -Mostly black, antennae and wing venation dark brown, T2 and following with broad, reddish apical bands, legs orange to dark brown. - -Head +Mostly black, antennae and wing venation dark brown, T2 and following with broad, reddish apical bands, legs orange to dark brown. + +Head very short, eyes of normal dimensions. -Antennae +Antennae 6.6 mm, with at least 24 (probably about 32) flagellomeres, basal segments elongate, apical segments transverse. -Mesosoma +Mesosoma with strong sculpture; pronotum with epomia strong and with numerous longitudinal wrinkles especially along hind margin which continue on mesopleuron; epicnemial carina complete to about mid-height of pronotum; sternaulus long and strong, with transverse carinulae; sculpture of mesopleuron dominated by longitudinal carinulae on much of its surface. Metanotum rather short and high, with some carinulae visible on lower part. Propodeum with pleural carina, indications of lateral and lateromedian longitudinal carinae, anterior transverse and at least lateral portions of posterior transverse carinae, with rugulo-punctate sculpture between the carinae. -Wings +Wings evenly and densely hairy; fore wing 5.8 mm, with pentagonal areolet; 2m-cu probably with a single bulla; 1cu-a meeting M + Cu opposite of 1M; cell 2R1 3.0 -x +x longer than wide. Hind wing with 1Rs longer than rs-m and 1Cu longer than Cu-a; M + Cu probably strongly curved in apical half. -Legs +Legs somewhat hard to tease apart, but of rather average dimensions; hind femur 4.5 -x +x longer than wide. - - -Metasom + + +Metasom a seems somewhat compressed towards apex; T1 clearly elongate and petiolate, with strong lateral and dorsolateral carinae, remaining tergites transverse; sternites rather strongly sclerotized; hypopygium short and inconspicuous. Ovipositor 2.2 mm, 0.4 -x +x as long as metasoma, straight and parallel-sided, its ventral valve with indications of oblique ridges close to apex, without dorsal subapical notch. - - -Figure 10. - -Armadilleon petrorum + + +Figure 10. + +Armadilleon petrorum (Brues, 1910) comb. nov. -A. +A. Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ; -B. +B. Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker black lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. Grey lines and circles show conspicuous sculpture of the cuticle. - -Interpretation. - + +Interpretation. + The conspicuous sculpture visible on the propleuron, mesoscutum, mesopleuron and propodeum, together with the subfamily characteristics (strong sternaulus, petiolate T1 and pentagonal areolet), firmly place this species in the new genus - -Armadilleon + +Armadilleon . Additional similar features between the current and the type species of the genus, - -A. morticinus + +A. morticinus , include the short head, carination of propodeum, and ovipositor length and shape. The two species differ by the shape of the antennae, which are much stouter in - -A. morticinus + +A. morticinus , the different colouration of the metasomal tergites, and fore wing vein 1cu-a meeting M + Cu somewhat distally of 1M in the type species and opposite of 1M in - -A. petrorum + +A. petrorum . - - -Pimplinae + + +Pimplinae Wesmael, 1845 - - - -Lithoserix + + + +Lithoserix Brown, 1986 diff --git a/data/F4/17/8A/F4178AA8E0C55507B0DF7D82EAB899CB.xml b/data/F4/17/8A/F4178AA8E0C55507B0DF7D82EAB899CB.xml index 8fe8e18fbfa..b73da6e7a29 100644 --- a/data/F4/17/8A/F4178AA8E0C55507B0DF7D82EAB899CB.xml +++ b/data/F4/17/8A/F4178AA8E0C55507B0DF7D82EAB899CB.xml @@ -1,169 +1,169 @@ - - - -Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology + + + +Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology - - -Author + + +Author -Spasojevic, Tamara -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +Spasojevic, Tamara +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722 +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland - - -Author + + +Author -Broad, Gavin R. -https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 -Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK +Broad, Gavin R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333 +Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK - - -Author + + +Author -Klopfstein, Seraina -https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X -Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland -seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch +Klopfstein, Seraina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X +Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland +seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch -text - - -Fossil Record +text + + +Fossil Record - -2022 - -2022-06-07 + +2022 + +2022-06-07 - -25 + +25 - -1 + +1 - -187 -212 + +187 +212 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 -2193-0074-1-187 -6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 -86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034 +2193-0074-1-187 +6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1 +86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD - - - -Xorides sejugatus (Brues, 1910) + + + +Xorides sejugatus (Brues, 1910) - - -Fig. 18 + + +Fig. 18 - - -* Xylonomus sejugatus + + +* Xylonomus sejugatus Brues, 1910 - -Material. - + +Material. + Photographs of the -holotype +holotype (#PALE-2211) and of -two paratypes +two paratypes (#PALE-2212 and #PALE-2213), obtained from the MCZ. - -Stratum. -Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. + +Stratum. +Teller County, Florissant shales, Colorado, USA. Late Eocene (Chadronian), 37.2-33.9 Ma. - -Description. - - + +Description. + + Female. -Holotype +Holotype , paratypes with sex unknown. Holotype in lateral aspect showing head, few basal segments of antennae, rather well-preserved mesosoma, almost complete fore and hind wings, nearly complete legs, metasoma and ovipositor with partial sheaths. Paratypes less well preserved, #2212 showing lateral aspect of partial mesosoma, base of wings, T1-T5 and most of hind legs; #2213 with lateroventral aspect of head, partly discernible antennae, outlined but not well-preserved meso- and basal metasoma, wings and partial legs. Body length 17.25 mm. - - -Figure 18. - -Xorides sejugatus + + +Figure 18. + +Xorides sejugatus (Brues, 1910) comb. nov. -A. +A. Photograph of the holotype obtained from the MCZ; -B. +B. Our interpretative drawing of the fossil (below). Thicker lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations. -Black or dark brown on head and mesosoma and hind coxae, brown wing veins and metasoma, legs lighter brown except for darkened hind femur. Ovipositor dark brown. - -Head +Black or dark brown on head and mesosoma and hind coxae, brown wing veins and metasoma, legs lighter brown except for darkened hind femur. Ovipositor dark brown. + +Head rather short and high, with long cheek, in #2213 with what looks like two chisel-shaped mandibles. -Antennae +Antennae incomplete, but rather slender and at least 1.3 -x +x as long as fore wing. -Mesosoma +Mesosoma cylindric, not very elongate, pronotum with epomia strong and reaching mesoscutum; mesoscutum with long notauli, mesopleuron with epicnemial carina reaching pronotum at about mid-height. Propodeum strongly areolated, with lateromedian and lateral longitudinal and pleural carinae, posterior transverse and at least partial anterior transverse carina. -Fore wing +Fore wing 11 mm, with areolet open, vein 2Rs almost obliterate; 1cu-a meeting 2Cu slightly distally from 1M; cell 2R1 strongly elongate, 4.2 -x +x as long as wide. -Hind wing +Hind wing with 1Cu a little longer than cu-a and 1Rs a little shorter than rs-m. -Legs +Legs partly preserved, hind femur 3.0 -x +x , and hind tibia 5.8 -x +x as long as wide. -Metasoma +Metasoma depressed, slightly enlarged apically; T1 about 2.3 -x +x as long as wide, slightly expanding apically, with strong ventrolateral, dorsolateral and median dorsal carinae, and with distinct diagonal groves laterally which form part of a constriction around middle of tergite; T2 approximately quadrate, with oblique basal grooves cutting off basolateral corners; T3 a bit wider than long; T4-T6 transverse; T7 slightly longer than T6; S2-S5 visible as brown patches. -Ovipositor +Ovipositor 9.6 mm, 2.2 -x +x as long as hind tibia, rather narrow. - -Interpretation. - + +Interpretation. + Several characters firmly place this fossil in - -Xorides + +Xorides , including the chisel-like mandibles, long epomia that seems to connect with the dorsal margin of the pronotum, fore wing venation including an open areolet with very short 3rs-m, grooves anteriorly on T2, and lateral diagonal impressions on T1. The only character not usually observed in recent species of the genus are the thickened hind femora. - - -Ctenopelmatinae -Foerster + + +Ctenopelmatinae +Foerster , 1869 - - - -Parapimpla + + + +Parapimpla Theobald, 1937