diff --git a/data/2B/5B/AC/2B5BAC13FFADFF81FF7AFC0FFD5331C1.xml b/data/2B/5B/AC/2B5BAC13FFADFF81FF7AFC0FFD5331C1.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 50a583cb893..00000000000 --- a/data/2B/5B/AC/2B5BAC13FFADFF81FF7AFC0FFD5331C1.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,419 +0,0 @@ - - - -Review of the genus (Araneae: Salticidae) - a taxonomic fiasco * - - - -Author - -Prószyński, Jerzy - -text - - -Ecologica Montenegrina - - -2018 - -2018-01-23 - - -16 - - -16 -31 - - - -journal article -54609 -10.37828/em.2018.16.2 -929467d9-c8d3-4f51-a979-f077533b9653 -2336-9744 -8028092 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A892A9F3-042C-4663-8602-F3172659614C - - - - - - -Gen. -Hasarius Simon, 1871 - - - - - - - -Type -species - - -Attus adansoni -Audouin, 1826 - -= - -Hasarius adansoni -( -Audouin, 1826 -) - - - - - -Documentation studied. -Summary of world's literature provided in "Monograph of -Salticidae (Araneae) -of the World 1995-2016", part I & II, by -Prószyński (2016a -, b) and current literature. - - - - -Diagnosis. -Medium size jumping spiders of average appearance and dimensions ( -Fig. 1 -), males instantly recognizable by mane of white setae stretching dorsally over palps - from distal end of femur to mid-length of tibia, ending distally by characteristic oblique bunch of longer white setae -2 -* ( -Figs 1B, E, I, L, N1 -, P), accompanied by lighter broad belt along abdomen and a pair of small, but striking white spots posteriorly. Palpal organ very characteristic ( -Fig. 1M -, -2C -, F-G), resembling to certain extent palps of other genera of informal group CHRYSILLINES by short, anterior embolus atop of triangular fleshy basis extending obliquely over the whole bulbus, leaving visible only part of spermophor - anterior bend and a part running on retrolateral side. Whole palps are unusually long, due especially to length of tibia, which is longer than the distal segment - cymbium, but also long patella and femur. Habitus of female resembles males but is devoid of distinct recognition pattern, epigyne nondescript sclerotized plate ( -Fig. 1K -, -2D, G -) devoid of noticeable sculpture, internal structure consists of sclerotized chamber, developed towards interior of abdomen, perpendicularly to plate, and shortened optically when looking at, hence its shape is not reproduced reliably, the position shown ( -Fig. 2C, G -) is perhaps the best presentation of its structure, but departing from that seen on average drawings. - - - - -Description -. General appearance is shown on -Figs 1 -and -2 -A-B, the background of diversity of genitalic characters in related genera is presented on -Fig. 5 -. Due to similarity of palps and epigyne in known species, the separating characters could, perhaps, be found in details of color pattern, but this require more studies on inter-populational variation, which may lead to delimitation of independent species. It seems that basic components of body coloration in - -Hasarius - -are semiarch white band of setae around dorsal edge of thorax and stretching anteriorly beneath eyes lateral, its optical frontal extension is white mane on palps, usually held horizontally by a male - -Hasarius - -( -Fig. 1B, E, I, L, N1 -, P). Abdominal pattern consists of semilunar white line along anterior edge, broad median lighter belt along the whole length of abdomen, accompanied in posterior third of length by a pair of minute, contrasting pair of white dots ( -Figs 1A -, D-F, 2B). That color pattern may appear variable, be either striking or barely discernible, white lines may be thin or broadened along their course, in preserved specimens may partially disappear ( -Fig. 1G -). There seems to be difference in the hue of the background body coloration, which typically may be relatively light ( -Fig. 1A -) or almost black ( -Fig. 1L -) or fawn ( -Fig. 1D -). Color pattern of face in males may be very significant, with presence of red, red and white, or yellow rings of scales around eyes I, red lower lateral bands entering eye field ( -Fig. 1N1 -), or a pair of small red dots beneath eyes I lateral and small white triangle above touching point of eyes I median ( -Fig. 1P -). The taxonomic significance of these markings deserves revision, which however cannot be undertaken without photographic documentation. It should be noted that shape of embolus and its basis is somewhat variable and deserves more attention ( -Figs 1B, J, M -, -2C -, F-H). - - - - -2 -Evaluation of striking white pedipalpal mane is generally accepted by arachnologists, see -Maddison (2015 -, Journal of Arachnology 43: 247 and 278) who wrote "... -Monophyly -: Hasarines are compact-bodied, often with distinctly whiteedged palps that are held across the face ...". The same character, however, is discovered on new colour photographs of - -Euophrys frontalis -(Walckenaer, 1802) - -, - -E. herbigrada -(Simon, 1871) - -and - -E. sulphurea -(L. Koch, 1867) - -( -Prószyński, 2018 -– in press) which calls for further research - - - - -Distribution -. - -H. adansoni - -is commonly accepted as cosmopolite in warmer parts of the world and as an invader of hothouses in cooler countries. It is now clear, that majority of species placed at some times in - -Hasarius - -, were misplaced, and should be transferred elsewhere ( -Fig. 3 -). While placement of - -H. tropicus - -( -Figs 1N1-O -) is uncertain (male palp indicates rather - -Chinattus - -), discovery of unnamed "tadpole eating" - -Hasarius -species - -( -Figs 1 -P-Q) in S -India -suggest that distributional center (a "home land") of the genus may be located in tropical Asia, different coloration of specimen from -Kenya -( -Figs 1L -, but note difference in embolus -1M) may ultimately be recognized as another separate species. So there is a possibility of discovery of other local species in other warm areas of the Old World. - - -Composition. -Type -species - - -Hasarius adansoni -( -Audouin, 1826 -) - -, other species are - -H. kulczyński -Zabka, 1985 - -and - -H. insularis -Wesolowska & van Harten, 2002 - -. Placement of - -H. tropicus -Jastrzębski, 2010 - -is problematic, pending further research. - - - - -Species pending placement elsewhere -: - -H. egaenus -Thorell, 1895 - -, - -H. glaucus -Hogg, 1915 - -( -Fig. 3D -), - -H. insignis -Simon, 1885 - -, - -H. mulciber -Keyserling, 1881 - -( -Fig. 3B -), - -H. obscurus -Keyserling, 1881 - -( -Fig. 3E -), - -H. pauciaculeis -Caporiacco, 1941 - -( -Fig. 3K -), - -H. rufociliatus -Simon, 1898 - -( -Fig. 3G -), - -H. testaceus -(Thorell, 1877) - -, - -H. trivialis -(Thorell, 1877) - -, - -H. validus - -(Thorell, 1877 - - -Species names "nicht zu deuten" - - -Platnick's Catalog, predecessor of the present the World Spider Catalog, cultivated unshakable respect to the nomenclatorical decisions's of otherwise distinguished C. F. Roewer, rather not shared by the immediate collaborators of the latter. One of rather harmful manifestations of that was listing of some names as "nicht zu deuten" ("not interpretable"), effectively eliminating such names from attention, and therefore from further research. The WSC (ver. 18.5, accessed -November 2017 -) follows -Roewer's (1954 -[1955]: 1523-1524) mistake listing the following nominal species of " - -Hasarius - -" as "nomina dubia", in spite of preservation of their -type -species in several collections, listed in the -Prószyński's (1971 -e) "Catalogue of -Salticidae (Aranei) -specimens kept in major collections of the world". Species having -type -specimens are not "nomina dubia" of course, but pending taxonomic revision - or "species inquirenda" (in the wording of -Salticidae Database -by -Prószyński (2016b)) -. - - - - - - -Hasarius elisabethae -Thorell, 1890b: 85 (Sumatra) - -- -Roewer, 1954 -[1955]: 1523 - - -Prószyński 1971: 412 - -- Coll. Goa (=Genova) - - -Hasarius elisabethae - - - - - - -Hasarius inhebes -Karsch, 1879a: 359 - -(West Africa) - -Roewer, 1954 -[1955]: 1523 - - -Prószyński 1971: 412 - -- Coll. Ber (= Berlin) - - -Hasarius inhebes - - - - - - -Hasarius kjellerupi -Thorell, 1891: 142 - -(Nicobar Is.) - -Roewer, 1954 -[1955]: 1523 - - -Prószyński 1971: 412 - -- Coll. Cop (=Kopenhagen) - - -Hasarius kjellerupi - - - - - - -Hasarius scylax -Thorell, 1892c: 413 (Sumatra) - -- -Roewer, 1954 -[1955]: 1524 - - -Prószyński 1971: 412 - -- Coll. Goa (=Genova) - - -Hasarius scylax - - - - - - -Hasarius sulfuratus -Thorell, 1891: 145 - -(Nicobar Is.) - -Roewer, 1954 -[1955]: 1524 - - -Prószyński 1971: 412 - -- Coll. Cop (=Kopenhagen) - - -Hasarius sulfuratus - -. - - - - - \ No newline at end of file