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<mods:title id="EF063B75FF71C792B163B0E6DD021707">A review of Crassignatha (Araneae, Symphytognathidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Ya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Lin, Yucheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168821874" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:02AB09F5-3549-4519-BE47-09EA3EB29A52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED9A0910DAC25D45A2A37C972B7C4BBD" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName LSID="ED9A0910-DAC2-5D45-A2A3-7C972B7C4BBD" authority="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityName="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Crassignatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassignatha baihua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baihua" status="sp. nov.">Crassignatha baihua Y. Lin &amp; S. Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="63">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472586" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Distribution records of Crassignatha spp. in Asia. 1 C. baihua sp. nov. 2 C. bangbie sp. nov. 3 C. bicorniventris 4 C. changyan sp. nov. 5 C. danaugirangensis 6 C. dongnai sp. nov. 7 C. ertou 8 C. gucheng sp. nov. 9 C. gudu 10 C. haeneli 11 C. mengla sp. nov. 12 C. nantou sp. nov. 13 C. nasalis sp. nov. 14 C. pianma 15 C. quadriventris 16 C. quanqu 17 C. rostriformis sp. nov. 18 C. shiluensis 19 C. shunani sp. nov. 20 C. si sp. nov. 21 C. thamphra sp. nov. 22 C. xichou sp. nov. 23 C. yamu 24 C. yinzhi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472623" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">, 38</figureCitation>
<treatment id="ED9A0910DAC25D45A2A37C972B7C4BBD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168821874" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:02AB09F5-3549-4519-BE47-09EA3EB29A52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED9A0910DAC25D45A2A37C972B7C4BBD" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" scope_family="Symphytognathidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<taxonomicName id="92886EC0CB23D7F621CC3C7BBF3083D9" ID-CoL="98ZF4" LSID="ED9A0910-DAC2-5D45-A2A3-7C972B7C4BBD" authority="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityName="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Crassignatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassignatha baihua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baihua" status="sp. nov.">Crassignatha baihua Y. Lin &amp; S. Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7A5DCB63C59847EF65E8236AC7FB8B4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="E247C5498D7BBBB85C3082F9F0819E66" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472586" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BBFB4E53F8DC179695938EA546ED8701" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0BEDF048271E1AA521824B3420D42E95" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Distribution records of Crassignatha spp. in Asia. 1 C. baihua sp. nov. 2 C. bangbie sp. nov. 3 C. bicorniventris 4 C. changyan sp. nov. 5 C. danaugirangensis 6 C. dongnai sp. nov. 7 C. ertou 8 C. gucheng sp. nov. 9 C. gudu 10 C. haeneli 11 C. mengla sp. nov. 12 C. nantou sp. nov. 13 C. nasalis sp. nov. 14 C. pianma 15 C. quadriventris 16 C. quanqu 17 C. rostriformis sp. nov. 18 C. shiluensis 19 C. shunani sp. nov. 20 C. si sp. nov. 21 C. thamphra sp. nov. 22 C. xichou sp. nov. 23 C. yamu 24 C. yinzhi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472623" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">, 38</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Holotype</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C82E82A6A1EA7351A2BBE5254ADC5AF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="type material">
<paragraph id="2A4FDA1F32EB1234371394CF8E0E4C27" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C7661BCC73F94694206D856A16AE72AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="EF98A385AB97012C2BD9116D43118261" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Holotype</emphasis>
♂ (NHMSU Ar 001) and
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">paratypes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="88C94E589DE040EC91AFEB0E498CF09E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">paratypes</emphasis>
3♂ 8♀ (NHMSU Ar 002-012),
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">China</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C87A53247839BB395BB7617247119221" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">China</emphasis>
: Yunnan Province, Longling County, Mangkuan Township, Zaotanghe at Baihua Ling (Flowers Ridge) Village, in leaf litter under undisturbed subtropical broadleaf forest (
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.30450" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="25.3045">25.30450°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="131B57D6A86A8DFC2B7BAA35E685CC03" degrees="25.30450" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="25.3045">25.30450°N</geoCoordinate>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="A513B78BF0BBA679D89FC719DCB52682" degrees="98.80059" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.80059">98.80059°E</geoCoordinate>
; 1635 m), 21.VIII.2018, Y. Lin et al. leg. 1♂ (NHMSU-HA109) and 1♀ (NHMSU-HA109) used for sequencing, GenBank: MT992007 and MT992006, same data as for preceding.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Crassignatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassignatha baihua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baihua">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Crassignatha baihua</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="BAB31FC434A51933B6A16A768D2FB3FB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F40190899B89263C3BBD29D371B6BBBE" authorityName="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Crassignatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassignatha baihua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baihua">
<emphasis id="4040CB7C6ECF3971527A960424A26A1B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Crassignatha baihua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="52CB7C9F27EA76A00FC1A3D27E1425B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">A</emphasis>
male habitus, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="34058C8125CD51F389FCD75578257E8D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">B</emphasis>
male habitus, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="00A1416D2E6F6D2A1F4D03AF13758D99" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
male habitus, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C955E9DE1E334886970AF4E6971A57F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">D</emphasis>
female habitus, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="02CA4E8D642979948AC9E19CDA11CE90" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">E</emphasis>
female habitus, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="EC3DF1007508ABE850052E9D119D5462" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">F</emphasis>
female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">A-F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C4BBBFC5C85D93A2ABFA3DBA8569DF82" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">A-F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection id="D97684AD22E10B5A67A93F67F0EEA6C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A8ABC995A40F6962DF45BAC200FE040B" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E13308BE874F270157E8401AB627138" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
1♂ 13♀ (NHMSU-HA110), same data as holotype; 1♂ 2♀ (NHMSU-HA104),
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">China</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6EDA446E955D321BA86C256F15EE4CBE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">China</emphasis>
: Yunnan Province, Nujiang Prefecture, Fugong County, Shiyueliang Township (
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.27012" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.27012">27.27012°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="CF25A30CACF2A0F4C4081A05A9CE62E6" degrees="27.27012" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.27012">27.27012°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="98.89803" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.89803">98.89803°E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B13E06FC027AAFACDBBA19696D5A4A23" degrees="98.89803" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.89803">98.89803°E</geoCoordinate>
; 1647 m), 5.VII.2016, Y. Li leg.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Crassignatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassignatha baihua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baihua">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Crassignatha baihua</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="37A79C1963CE4911CB6AE063F4C6F992" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="733C099914E0E4439B77C8BCD1C8C81C" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D80BC73C291513786575D9718888F71" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="A39FD45F65B5E2C0596B0E4E37E6B1EF" authorityName="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Crassignatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassignatha baihua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baihua">
<emphasis id="E8DEFEDB64D0CF454B1846281839378E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Crassignatha baihua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. quadriventris" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="quadriventris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">C. quadriventris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3BF46B667995EBC6CDED30F76177038D" lsidName="C. quadriventris" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="quadriventris">
<emphasis id="476119EBAAD258F5D739FB9561E5E168" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">C. quadriventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but can be distinguished by the short, rigid, distally flat embolus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">2A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DA8D040768C30CD15A5A499D5A7B41B3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">2A</figureCitation>
) and the long copulatory ducts that make four turns before reaching the copulatory opening (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">2F, G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7B61A0B44130E1D45B896C667E3AE5B8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">2F, G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Male</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="9C4633E92DBA1EA7605360AE9538F872" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="3A91BFA8E0103BC6BBCA3B6452A410D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1DA0248D3DF8B66EE405B914BE6442F" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="CCD7A72B71A0211A1B3E842BBE9B86DE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Male</emphasis>
(holotype). Total length 0.64. Carapace 0.32 long, 0.32 wide, 0.36 high. Clypeus 0.10 high. Sternum 0.24 long, 0.20 wide. Abdomen 0.44 long, 0.44 wide, 0.48 high. Length of legs: I 0.94 (0.20, 0.10, 0.28, 0.16, 0.20); II 0.84 (0.16, 0.10, 0.24, 0.14, 0.20); III 0.60 (0.10, 0.06, 0.14, 0.12, 0.18); IV 0.68 (0.14, 0.06, 0.18, 0.10, 0.20).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Somatic characters</emphasis>
<paragraph id="473A7FC11CEAFA25EB745FADAC015561" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="AFB47EE593E66BB5313B76AF20105F88" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Somatic characters</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472586" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">1A-C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4262A0E850D266C103BDD6E839D3DD5B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472586" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">1A-C</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Coloration</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C55322DB11C1B365C9F2244EF1C6ABD3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Coloration</emphasis>
: carapace, sternum, chelicerae, endites, and labium dark brown. Abdomen light black, with numerous small, sclerotized patches, with single orange scutum laterally and posteriorly.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Prosoma</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F7B5D3CAE3B3417BF6254F5D4D617214" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Prosoma</emphasis>
: carapace nearly pear shaped, surface granular, with two setae medially. Cephalic region elevated. PER strongly recurved. Chelicerae covered with setae anteriorly. Sternum almost heart shaped, rough, slightly swollen, truncated posteriorly, surface rough.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Legs</emphasis>
<emphasis id="52BFF7CF359D5842CAE78B454DA7D80F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Legs</emphasis>
: light brown, covered with setae and bristles. Tibia II with two clasping spurs.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Abdomen</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F212844496708F63DE79D622C5F84C30" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Abdomen</emphasis>
: anteriorly round, posteriorly square. Dorsally with pale yellow speckles, lateral scutum present, bears sparse, long setae. Spinnerets light brown, with circular plate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Palp</emphasis>
<paragraph id="5FC3E9E9B6D34623EF3814E103F8BEF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="286276B18CCD298B7D63478BA8B7F6E8" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">2A-C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1B4EAD27177132E050807E985921D219" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">2A-C</figureCitation>
): bulb relatively large, ~
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="41F482A0D187433F1CA1DB569EAFE00F" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
size of carapace. Cymbium bears apical setae, cymbial tooth hooked. Tegulum smooth, globular. Median apophysis nearly square, with a prolateral-distal process. Embolic membrane arises between median apophysis and embolus. Embolus short, rigid, distally blunt, forming a torsion.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Crassignatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassignatha baihua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baihua">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Crassignatha baihua</emphasis>
<caption id="5650D5CB3E471560F81FB667C21F8CD7" doi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="6CA58DAA6A05247B824F2642244D7E16" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="CBFB37772FD8FB8AB95DF945470F303D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9D240A08513DBEE71B66FACB4B1B206A" authorityName="Y. Lin &amp; S. Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Crassignatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crassignatha baihua" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baihua">
<emphasis id="D145990685FAA68FD189DD4AD55B1CEB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Crassignatha baihua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="815F7E44E206688C57FBD329AD47A131" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">A</emphasis>
male palp, prolateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BB4C2B414B5BF14BB3FBD2119DC2EA9B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">B</emphasis>
male palp, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F56BDB1DD568FEE036E55F3678A6EA7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
male palp, retrolateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1BE760ACF6B7E96EF7131CFF731CE04D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">D</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="771AB8D70754A262EBB81D248E9E94FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">E</emphasis>
epigyne, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AF5646ADC07F4CF78349FECE939AF043" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">F</emphasis>
vulva, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2C4A49904BF4B0B5B697896816B48CAD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">G</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">A-G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="925574A53A14607A79A011CFF2B5BA5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">A-G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Female</emphasis>
<paragraph id="F3C516D4833BFD49C94B0F289F62BA2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="EC7F6F8ECB6FF6C51ECB56D50BF97231" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Female</emphasis>
(one of the paratypes). Total length 0.96. Carapace 0.36 long, 0.36 wide, 0.36 high. Clypeus 0.10 high. Sternum 0.24 long, 0.24 wide. Abdomen 0.64 long, 0.64 wide, 0.72 high. Length of legs: I 1.30 (0.42, 0.14, 0.30, 0.20, 0.24); II 1.06 (0.30, 0.14, 0.24, 0.16, 0.22); III 0.70 (0.18, 0.08, 0.20, 0.08, 0.16); IV 1.02 (0.30, 0.14, 0.24, 0.14, 0.20).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Somatic characters</emphasis>
<paragraph id="EDE7CA0412C91495D236246E24513726" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="2224A112204195EDEAF6FEFC3EF1ABF8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Somatic characters</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472586" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">1D-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="57237E033FD03F053A16C0DA71A0A766" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472586" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">1D-F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Coloration</emphasis>
<emphasis id="52E27CE260073E415FA98400314085A6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Coloration</emphasis>
: carapace, sternum, chelicerae, endites, and labium dark brown. Abdomen black, with numerous small sclerotized patches.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Prosoma</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0220ED51D617142450B6B8102BEB7D21" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Prosoma</emphasis>
: carapace nearly pear shaped with small tubercles, with two strong setae medially. Cephalic region elevated. PER straight. Mouthparts and sternum as in male.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Abdomen</emphasis>
<emphasis id="06536037EE9C6DC58D3EB626A8E3849C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Abdomen</emphasis>
: anteriorly rounded, posteriorly square, with paired posterolateral small tubercles. Spinnerets as in male, circular plate absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Epigyne</emphasis>
<paragraph id="1C1B0D15AD8505C015CFDBEA85B42617" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="AFC62DEA8116F9274F99E78EB0D531AB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">2D-G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="76F70EBABEA8A8E0C82F9CDE3C78FF35" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Crassignatha baihua sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472587" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">2D-G</figureCitation>
): epigynal area weakly sclerotized, with some setae. Scape distinctly extends beyond the epigastric furrow. Internal structures more or less visible via translucent tegument. Spermathecae separated by 1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D53B79BBB54D8CDD64FFD3FB892AB16E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their diameter. Fertilization ducts starting at posterior of spermathecae. Copulatory ducts long, connected to dorsal surface of spermathecae, forming four turns before curving downward. Subproximal copulatory ducts parallel, throughout the entire scape. Copulatory opening located at end of scape.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">The specific epithet is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="034720BEAC734B43CC72082F63E25D10" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="102938C3C42D6DD167777EA16650F317" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F26433D669070430D4B25952C7B1250C" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">The specific epithet is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection id="2A7B3E40EB768F87B6CD5909593EC45F" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1F8F06A5D8AE09B97512ADBC0A172D00" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="51ABF332A6122A9CAC4FB9EA90E77656" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
China (Yunnan) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Distribution records of Crassignatha spp. in Asia. 1 C. baihua sp. nov. 2 C. bangbie sp. nov. 3 C. bicorniventris 4 C. changyan sp. nov. 5 C. danaugirangensis 6 C. dongnai sp. nov. 7 C. ertou 8 C. gucheng sp. nov. 9 C. gudu 10 C. haeneli 11 C. mengla sp. nov. 12 C. nantou sp. nov. 13 C. nasalis sp. nov. 14 C. pianma 15 C. quadriventris 16 C. quanqu 17 C. rostriformis sp. nov. 18 C. shiluensis 19 C. shunani sp. nov. 20 C. si sp. nov. 21 C. thamphra sp. nov. 22 C. xichou sp. nov. 23 C. yamu 24 C. yinzhi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472623" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">38</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B8F2076838B45513E871576E0783C25D" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Distribution records of Crassignatha spp. in Asia. 1 C. baihua sp. nov. 2 C. bangbie sp. nov. 3 C. bicorniventris 4 C. changyan sp. nov. 5 C. danaugirangensis 6 C. dongnai sp. nov. 7 C. ertou 8 C. gucheng sp. nov. 9 C. gudu 10 C. haeneli 11 C. mengla sp. nov. 12 C. nantou sp. nov. 13 C. nasalis sp. nov. 14 C. pianma 15 C. quadriventris 16 C. quanqu 17 C. rostriformis sp. nov. 18 C. shiluensis 19 C. shunani sp. nov. 20 C. si sp. nov. 21 C. thamphra sp. nov. 22 C. xichou sp. nov. 23 C. yamu 24 C. yinzhi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.988.56188.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/472623" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">38</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>