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<mods:titleInfo id="B7660B301A8DDA7565C1133C5E4A4C96">
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<mods:title id="F31222AD24A3AEDEB3DDE8DF6DEF9AEC">A new theropod dinosaur from the Callovian Balabansai Formation of Kyrgyzstan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="30ED8EA90D5C4175309B3470ADA3F83C">Rauhut, Oliver W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="95BACC2C639CDD5AAF1B71FE06C8CFA8">SNSB - Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Munich, Germany & Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany & GeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F53696B59DE6CD13862631778C546F3E" type="email">rauhut@snsb.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="88E5C9E24E1CE3F03D385221D426A309">Bakirov, Aizek A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="41F49DC1F20BDAF284C68D3161019001">Institute of Geology n. a. M. M. Adyshev, National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FD46AD6ACF582A216390056E3DD4054D">Wings, Oliver</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0E6BA5DDEE6ABB1550A311CB737FCC70">SNSB - Naturkundemuseum Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F60E8FCEA0D11F2DE41FA4289FA30A3E">Fernandes, Alexandra E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FF79945CB91C94B18F251B18FD793E28">SNSB - Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Munich, Germany & Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="35C4A0F5C8D744E7B65778630BE68BEC">Hübner, Tom R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F966F53244EBAEF23BB66A5EE626B8BB">Friedenstein Stiftung Gotha, Gotha, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="7B0D6BFA7839578DFB1F148BC7F834BC">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D9DAAEABA6886F2661322680EAB34DBC">2024-08-20</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F2A447F151E025FF4A84815F7C1554" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13963634" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13963634" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F2A447F151E025FF4A84815F7C1554" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2A447F151E025FF4A84815F7C1554" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="C34146DAF151E029FF4A84815C18154E" box="[241,634,1012,1039]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE41551F151E029FF4A84815C18154E" blockId="39.[113,764,1012,1952]" box="[241,634,1012,1039]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FF4A84815C18154E" bold="true" box="[241,634,1012,1039]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Phylogenetic position of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FE4384815C18154E" authority="(Currie and Zhao 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[504,634,1012,1039]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FE4384815C18154E" bold="true" box="[504,634,1012,1039]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34146DAF151E025FFCA836E5F7C1554" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE41551F151E029FFCA836E5CCC14EB" blockId="39.[113,764,1012,1952]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||||
The phylogenetic analysis using equal weights resulted in the recovery of 12 154 equally parsimonious trees with a length of 4792 steps. The strict consensus tree of these trees (Supporting information,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136009D4F151E029FEBB830C5F2C15D0" box="[256,334,1145,1169]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[133,198,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[134,1471,487,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-200@2.[131,1475,483,1897]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1.Geographic location of the locality FTU-1 within Kyrgyzstan (A, B) and general geological map of the area around the city of Tashkumyr (C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774243/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. S1</figureCitation>
|
||||
) shows a reasonably good resolution, but with a major polytomy at the base of Tetanurae, in which most basal tetanuran taxa were unresolved. Reduced consensus methods removed numerous taxa at the base of Tetanurae, and the following description was based on the reduced consensus tree. As our matrix was mainly designed to resolve the phylogenetic position of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FEF282405FA4140C" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[329,454,1333,1357]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FEF282405FA4140C" box="[329,454,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
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||||
</taxonomicName>
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||||
within basal tetanurans, we will focus on this part of the tree; unexpected results, e.g. in the Coelurosauria, might at least partially be caused by incomplete taxon and/or character sampling for this part of the tree.
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</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F151E029FF3682C75B571515" blockId="39.[113,764,1012,1952]" lastBlockId="39.[809,1461,144,1954]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||||
The results of our analysis (Supporting information,
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||||
<figureCitation id="136009D4F151E029FD6F82C75EEE14A8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[113,178,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[179,1392,144,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-6@3.[179,1392,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Excavation site FTU-1. A, position of the site within the Uurusai Valley west of Tashkumyr (red arrow). B, overview of the site, with one of the authors (A.E.F.) for scale.C, section of the excavation site. Black line indicates approximate dip of the sediments.D, quadratojugal of the new theropod as discovered in the field.E, metatarsal III of the new theropod during the excavation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774245/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. S2</figureCitation>
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||||
;
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||||
<figureCitation id="136009D4F151E029FF2582A45E8A14A8" box="[158,232,1489,1513]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="38.[128,193,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[131,1471,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-88@38.[129,1473,144,1748]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 25. Phylogenetic position of A. kyrgyzicus. Simplified reduced consensus tree resulting from the equally weighted parsimony analysis. For full results see Supporting information, Fig. S2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774293/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
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||||
) mainly conformed to other recent phylogenetic analyses of theropod dinosaurs, with a monophyletic clade Coelophysoidea at the base of Neotheropoda, followed by monophyletic Ceratosauria and Tetanurae.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FD91815A5CAD1706" authorityName="Hammer & Hickerson" authorityYear="1994" box="[554,719,1583,1607]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Cryolophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FD91815A5CAD1706" box="[554,719,1583,1607]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cryolophosaurus</emphasis>
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||||
</taxonomicName>
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||||
and ‘
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||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FFCC813A5F671726" authorityName="Welles" authorityYear="1970" box="[119,261,1615,1639]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Dilophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FFCC813A5F671726" box="[119,261,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Dilophosaurus</emphasis>
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||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
’
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FEA8813A5F391727" box="[275,347,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">sinensis</emphasis>
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||||
(considered to be a junior synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FFCA811B5F5A17C7" authorityName="Young" authorityYear="1940" box="[113,312,1646,1670]" family="Herrerasauridae" genus="Sinosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triassicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FFCA811B5F5A17C7" box="[113,312,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Sinosaurus triassicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by some authors; see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FDA9811B5CCC17C7" author="Xing L & Paulina Carabajal A & Currie PJ" box="[530,686,1646,1670]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1653 - 61" refId="ref40604" refString="Xing L, Paulina Carabajal A, Currie PJ et al. Braincase anatomy of the basal theropod Sinosaurus from the Early Jurassic of China. Acta Geological Sinica 2014; 88: 1653 - 61." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
Xing
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FDF3811A5C1217C7" box="[584,624,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FD03811B5EBA17E4" author="Zhang Z-C & Wang T & You H-L" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="857 - 71" refId="ref41274" refString="Zhang Z-C, Wang T, You H-L. A new specimen of Sinosaurus triassicus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Lufeng, Yunnan, China. Historical Biology 2023; 36: 857 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 08912963.2023. 2190760" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Zhang
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FFCA81FB5EFB17E4" box="[113,153,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2023
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which were sometimes regarded as early Tetanurans (e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FF1D81D85F171784" author="Carrano MT & Benson RBJ & Sampson SD" box="[166,373,1709,1733]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref35875" refString="Carrano MT, Benson RBJ, Sampson SD. The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 2012; 10: 599. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2012.713753" type="journal volume" year="2012">
|
||||
Carrano
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FEBE81D85F531784" box="[261,305,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) or, in the case of ‘
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FDF581D85C031785" box="[590,609,1709,1732]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">D</emphasis>
|
||||
’.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FDC981D85CD81785" box="[626,698,1709,1732]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">sinensis</emphasis>
|
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, early ceratosaurs (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FF4181B95FD117A5" author="Wang S & Stiegler J & Amiot R" box="[250,435,1740,1764]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="144 - 8" refId="ref40468" refString="Wang S, Stiegler J, Amiot R et al. Extreme ontogenetic changes in a ceratosaurian theropod. Current Biology 2017; 27: 144 - 8." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||||
Wang
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FEFB81B85F0C17A5" box="[320,366,1740,1764]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2017
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), were here found to be outside Averostra, as subsequent sister taxa to this clade. Within Tetanurae, the poorly known ‘
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FE00807E5C031662" authorityName="Young" authorityYear="1942" box="[443,609,1803,1827]" class="Reptilia" family="Allosauridae" genus="Szechuanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FE00807E5C031662" box="[443,609,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Szechuanosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
’
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FDC8807E5CBD1663" box="[627,735,1803,1826]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">zigongensis</emphasis>
|
||||
is found as the earliest branching taxon, followed by a dichotomy of two major clades, the Coelurosauria and Carnosauria (
|
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<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FD7C803F5C981620" box="[711,762,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FFCA801C5F2A16C0" author="Rauhut OWM & Pol D" box="[113,328,1897,1921]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref39277" refString="Rauhut OWM, Pol D. Probable basal allosauroid from the early Middle Jurassic Canadon Asfalto Formation of Argentina highlights phylogenetic uncertainty in tetanuran theropod dinosaurs. Scientific Reports 2019; 9: 18826. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 019 - 53672 - 7" type="journal volume" year="2019">Rauhut and Pol 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the latter including Megalosauroidea and Allosauroidea. This result thus resembles that found by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FD1480FD5D1611E9" author="Rauhut OWM" box="[687,884,144,1952]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 213" refId="ref39053" refString="Rauhut OWM. The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs. Special Papers in Palaeontology 2003; 69: 1 - 213." type="journal article" year="2003">Rauhut (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FCC487E55D9A11E9" author="Cau A" box="[895,1016,144,168]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref36065" refString="Cau A. The assembly of the avian body plan: a 160 - million-year long process. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana 2018; 57: 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="2018">Cau (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FB9787E55B7A11E9" author="Rauhut OWM & Pol D" box="[1068,1304,144,168]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref39277" refString="Rauhut OWM, Pol D. Probable basal allosauroid from the early Middle Jurassic Canadon Asfalto Formation of Argentina highlights phylogenetic uncertainty in tetanuran theropod dinosaurs. Scientific Reports 2019; 9: 18826. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 019 - 53672 - 7" type="journal volume" year="2019">Rauhut and Pol (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, whereas many recent phylogenetic analyses found the Megalosauroidea to be sister taxon of a clade uniting Allosauroidea and Coelurosauria, in a clade termed Neotetanurae or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB07879B5B2F1047" box="[1212,1357,238,262]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Avetheropoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Avetheropoda</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FC9186785D851064" author="Carrano MT & Benson RBJ & Sampson SD" box="[810,999,269,293]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref35875" refString="Carrano MT, Benson RBJ, Sampson SD. The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 2012; 10: 599. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2012.713753" type="journal volume" year="2012">
|
||||
Carrano
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC39867B5DCB1064" box="[898,937,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Rauhut
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FBFB867B5A051064" box="[1088,1127,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2016,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FB1586785B581064" author="Dai H & Benson RBJ & Hu X" box="[1198,1338,269,293]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref36710" refString="Dai H, Benson RBJ, Hu X et al. A new possible megalosauroid theropod from the Middle Jurassic Xintiangou Formation of Chongqing, People's Republic of China and its implication for early tetanuran evolution. Scientific Reports 2020; 10: 139. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 019 - 56959 - x" type="journal volume" year="2020">
|
||||
Dai
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FB6D867B5A9F1064" box="[1238,1277,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FACC867B5DD21004" author="Wang S & Stiegler J & Amiot R" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="144 - 8" refId="ref40468" refString="Wang S, Stiegler J, Amiot R et al. Extreme ontogenetic changes in a ceratosaurian theropod. Current Biology 2017; 27: 144 - 8." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||||
Wang
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC9186585D351004" box="[810,855,301,325]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2017)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
even found the Allosauroidea of the above analyses to be paraphyletic, with the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBC086395B391025" authorityName="Paul" authorityYear="1988" box="[1147,1371,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Metriacanthosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
forming the sister taxon to an Allosauria-Coelurosauria clade. Within Carnosauria, the taxa usually grouped in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB4C86FE5BD110E2" box="[1271,1459,395,419]" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Piatnitzkysauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC8E86DF5DDD1083" authorityName="Madsen" authorityYear="1976" box="[821,959,426,450]" class="Reptilia" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" genus="Marshosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC8E86DF5DDD1083" box="[821,959,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Marshosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC6386DF5A1E1083" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1979" box="[984,1148,426,450]" class="Reptilia" family="Allosauridae" genus="Piatnitzkysaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC6386DF5A1E1083" box="[984,1148,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Piatnitzkysaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB2E86DF5B7E1083" baseAuthorityName="Rauhut" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1173,1308,426,450]" class="Reptilia" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" genus="Condorraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FB2E86DF5B7E1083" box="[1173,1308,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Condorraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and, sometimes,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FCD686BC5A7010A0" box="[877,1042,457,481]" class="Reptilia" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" genus="Xuanhanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FCD686BC5A7010A0" box="[877,1042,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Xuanhanosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) were all removed by reduced consensus methods, as was the supposed early allosauroid
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FA9B869C5BCF1340" authorityName="Rauhut & Pol" authorityYear="2019" box="[1312,1453,489,513]" genus="Asfaltovenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FA9B869C5BCF1340" box="[1312,1453,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Asfaltovenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The remaining carnosaurs were thus placed either in the Megalosauroidea or the Allosauroidea, which form sister taxa. The taxonomic composition of the two clades largely conformed to that found in other recent analysis, with a few notable exceptions.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC6E85F05AE013DC" baseAuthorityName="Zhao and Currie" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[981,1154,645,669]" class="Reptilia" genus="Monolophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC6E85F05AE013DC" box="[981,1154,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Monolophosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which has been recovered in varying positions within basal tetanurans in recent years, was placed in the Megalosauroidea. In respect to Allosauroidea, the megaraptorans, which were found to be derived allosauroids within the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC1984765A27125A" box="[930,1093,771,795]" class="Reptilia" family="Neovenatoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Neovenatoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FBC984765B33125A" author="Benson RBJ & Carrano MT & Brusatte SL" box="[1138,1361,771,795]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="71 - 8" refId="ref35034" refString="Benson RBJ, Carrano MT, Brusatte SL. A new clade of archaic large-bodied predatory dinosaurs (Theropoda: Allosauroidea) that survived to the Latest Mesozoic. Naturwissenschaften 2010; 97: 71 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00114 - 009 - 0614 - x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
Benson
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FB7284765A95125A" box="[1225,1271,771,795]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2010)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and several subsequent analyses (e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FBDD84575B50127B" author="Carrano MT & Benson RBJ & Sampson SD" box="[1126,1330,802,826]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref35875" refString="Carrano MT, Benson RBJ, Sampson SD. The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 2012; 10: 599. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2012.713753" type="journal volume" year="2012">
|
||||
Carrano
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FB7884565A8D127B" box="[1219,1263,802,826]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FAFB84575DB51218" author="Zanno LE & Makovicky PJ" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref41194" refString="Zanno LE, Makovicky PJ. Neovenatorid theropods are apex predators in the Late Cretaceous of North America. Nature Communications 2013; 4: 2827. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / ncomms 3827" type="journal volume" year="2013">Zanno and Makovicky 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FC5F84345AD21218" author="Malafaia E & Mocho P & Escaso F" box="[996,1200,833,857]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref38378" refString="Malafaia E, Mocho P, Escaso F et al. A new carcharodontosaurian theropod from the Lusitanian Basin: evidence of allosauroid sympatry in the European Late Jurassic. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2020; 40: e 1768106. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.2020.1768 106" type="journal volume" year="2020">
|
||||
Malafaia
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FBF884375A0C1218" box="[1091,1134,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) were placed as an early branching clade within Tyrannosauroidea, as argued by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FAC984145DC812D9" author="Novas FE & Agnolin FL & Ezcurra MD" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="174 - 215" refId="ref38768" refString="Novas FE, Agnolin FL, Ezcurra MD et al. Evolution of the carnivorous dinosaurs during the Cretaceous: the evidence from Patagonia. Cretaceous Research 2013; 45: 174 - 215. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2013.04.001" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||||
Novas
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC9184F45D3112D9" box="[810,851,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2013)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and subsequent authors. Likewise,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FAAC84F55BE912D9" box="[1303,1419,896,920]" class="Reptilia" family="Carcharodontosauridae" genus="Shaochilong" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FAAC84F55BE912D9" box="[1303,1419,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Shaochilong</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, regarded as a carcharodontosaurid in recent years (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FA9C84D55D3C1296" author="Brusatte SL & Benson RBJ & Chure DJ" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1051 - 8" refId="ref35429" refString="Brusatte SL, Benson RBJ, Chure DJ et al. The first definitive carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Asia and the delayed ascent of tyrannosaurids. Naturwissenschaften 2009; 96: 1051 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00114 - 009 - 0565 - 2" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||||
Brusatte
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FA3884D55BCF12F6" box="[1411,1453,927,951]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2009
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 2010,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FC1384CA5A081296" author="Carrano MT & Benson RBJ & Sampson SD" box="[936,1130,959,983]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref35875" refString="Carrano MT, Benson RBJ, Sampson SD. The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 2012; 10: 599. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2012.713753" type="journal volume" year="2012">
|
||||
Carrano
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FBB984CA5A491296" box="[1026,1067,959,983]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), was found to be a coelurosaur, as in some previous analyses (e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FB3784AB5B7312B7" author="Rauhut OWM" box="[1164,1297,990,1014]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 213" refId="ref39053" refString="Rauhut OWM. The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs. Special Papers in Palaeontology 2003; 69: 1 - 213." type="journal article" year="2003">Rauhut 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Furthermore, the poorly known Middle Jurassic French taxon
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FA9884885BD11554" box="[1315,1459,1021,1045]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Poekilopleuron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FA9884885BD11554" box="[1315,1459,1021,1045]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Poekilopleuron</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was found to be an early carcharodontosaurid, rather than a megalosaurid, as is the case in most recent analyses.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F151E029FCFE832E5B32174A" blockId="39.[809,1461,144,1954]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
Within megalosauroids, two subclades were recovered, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FCEC830E5D8A15D2" authorityName="Stromer" authorityYear="1915" box="[855,1000,1147,1171]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Spinosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBE9830E5A9415D2" box="[1106,1270,1147,1171]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Megalosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FABE830E5BD115D2" baseAuthorityName="Zhao and Currie" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1285,1459,1147,1171]" class="Reptilia" genus="Monolophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FABE830E5BD115D2" box="[1285,1459,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Monolophosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was found as the earliest branching spinosaurid, as in the equal weights analysis of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F151E029FB8C83CC5B6F1590" author="Schade M & Rauhut OWM & Foth C" box="[1079,1293,1209,1233]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref39872" refString="Schade M, Rauhut OWM, Foth C et al. A reappraisal of the cranial osteology of the spinosaurid Irritator challengeri (Dinosauria: Theropoda). Palaeontologia Electronica 2023; 26: a 17." type="journal volume" year="2023">
|
||||
Schade
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FB3283CF5AD91590" box="[1161,1211,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2023)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. The remaining spinosaurids were subdivided into the Baryonichinae (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FAF483AC5BCF15B1" authorityName="Charig & Milner" authorityYear="1986" box="[1359,1453,1241,1264]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Baryonyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FAF483AC5BCF15B1" box="[1359,1453,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Baryonyx</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC91838D5DC71451" box="[810,933,1272,1296]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Suchomimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC91838D5DC71451" box="[810,933,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Suchomimus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBB5838D5AFD1451" box="[1038,1183,1272,1296]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Spinosaurinae">Spinosaurinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(with a polytomy between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC91826D5D18146E" box="[810,890,1304,1327]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Irritator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC91826D5D18146E" box="[810,890,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Irritator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC3F82625A76146E" authorityName="Allain, Xaisanavong, Richir & Khentavong" authorityYear="2012" box="[900,1044,1303,1327]" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Ichthyovenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC3F82625A76146E" box="[900,1044,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ichthyovenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBF9826D5ADA146E" box="[1090,1208,1304,1327]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Spinosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FBF9826D5ADA146E" box="[1090,1208,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Spinosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). Within megalosaurids, a polytomy was recovered between a
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FAA182425DC0142F" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FAA182425BC9140E" box="[1306,1451,1335,1359]" family="Megalosaurinidae" genus="Wiehenvenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Wiehenvenator</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC9182225DC0142F" box="[810,930,1367,1390]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Torvosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Torvosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
clade, a
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FBAC82235B7B142F" box="[1047,1305,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBAC82235AFF142F" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[1047,1181,1366,1390]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB1E82235B7B142F" box="[1189,1305,1366,1390]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Afrovenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Afrovenator</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
clade, and a clade that recovered
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBB082005AD014CC" authorityName="Allain" authorityYear="2005" box="[1035,1202,1397,1421]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Dubreuillosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FBB082005AD014CC" box="[1035,1202,1397,1421]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Dubreuillosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB7982005B1E14CC" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1964" box="[1218,1404,1397,1421]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Eustreptospondylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FB7982005B1E14CC" box="[1218,1404,1397,1421]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Eustreptospondylus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC9182E05DAC14EC" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1830" box="[810,974,1429,1453]" class="Reptilia" genus="Streptospondylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC9182E05DAC14EC" box="[810,974,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Streptospondylus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in a polytomy. Allosauroidea were subdivided into
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC2A82C15A13148D" authorityName="Paul" authorityYear="1988" box="[913,1137,1460,1484]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Metriacanthosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and Allosauria, with the latter including
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC2B82A65D9514AA" baseAuthorityName="Madsen" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[912,1015,1491,1515]" class="Reptilia" family="Allosauridae" genus="Allosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC2B82A65D9514AA" box="[912,1015,1491,1515]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Allosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB9182A65AAF14AA" box="[1066,1229,1491,1515]" class="Reptilia" family="Neovenatoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Neovenatoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(including
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FAFF82A15BD614AA" box="[1348,1460,1492,1515]" class="Reptilia" family="Carcharodontosauridae" genus="Neovenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FAFF82A15BD614AA" box="[1348,1460,1492,1515]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Neovenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FCED82865D93174A" authorityName="Hu" authorityYear="1964" box="[854,1009,1523,1547]" class="Reptilia" family="Allosauridae" genus="Chilantaisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FCED82865D93174A" box="[854,1009,1523,1547]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chilantaisaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBE382865B2E174A" authorityName="Stromer" authorityYear="1931" box="[1112,1356,1523,1547]" class="Reptilia" family="Carcharodontosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Carcharodontosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F151E029FCFE81675B1F16E0" blockId="39.[809,1461,144,1954]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FCFE81675DA0176B" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[837,962,1554,1578]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FCFE81675DA0176B" box="[837,962,1554,1578]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was found to be a metriacanthosaurid. In general, metriacanthosaurid interrelationships were poorly resolved, with only two distinct subclades within this clade, one consisting of the two species of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB7181055B1C17C9" box="[1226,1406,1648,1672]" class="Reptilia" family="Ceratosauridae" genus="Yangchuanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FB7181055B1C17C9" box="[1226,1406,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Yangchuanosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and the other, conforming to the subfamily
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB7581FA5BD217E6" box="[1230,1456,1679,1703]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Metriacanthosaurinae">Metriacanthosaurinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, of a polytomy including
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBCB81DA5AAE1787" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1136,1228,1711,1734]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FBCB81DA5AAE1787" box="[1136,1228,1711,1734]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB5081DA5BCF1786" box="[1259,1453,1711,1735]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Metriacanthosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FB5081DA5BCF1786" box="[1259,1453,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Metriacanthosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC9181BB5DDF17A4" box="[810,957,1742,1765]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Siamotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC9181BB5DDF17A4" box="[810,957,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Siamotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC4381BB5A1117A7" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1016,1139,1742,1766]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC4381BB5A1117A7" box="[1016,1139,1742,1766]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The other taxon found within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC9781985A6C1644" authorityName="Paul" authorityYear="1988" box="[812,1038,1773,1797]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Metriacanthosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBA281985AF51644" box="[1049,1175,1773,1797]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Shidaisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FBA281985AF51644" box="[1049,1175,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Shidaisaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, could attain various positions in relation to these clades and their subtaxa.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FA8C80785BD71664" box="[1335,1461,1805,1829]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Shidaisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FA8C80785BD71664" box="[1335,1461,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Shidaisaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was either found as an early branching metriacanthosaurid, outside the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC3A803E5A561622" box="[897,1076,1867,1891]" class="Reptilia" family="Ceratosauridae" genus="Yangchuanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC3A803E5A561622" box="[897,1076,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Yangchuanosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB80803E5B7E1622" box="[1083,1308,1867,1891]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Metriacanthosaurinae">Metriacanthosaurinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
clade, as sister taxon to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC67801E5A5A16C3" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[988,1080,1899,1922]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FC67801E5A5A16C3" box="[988,1080,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FBFE801E5B6516C2" box="[1093,1287,1899,1923]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Metriacanthosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FBFE801E5B6516C2" box="[1093,1287,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Metriacanthosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FAAF801E5DC516E3" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FAAF801E5BC516C3" box="[1300,1447,1899,1922]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Siamotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Siamotyrannus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FC9180FF5DC516E3" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[810,935,1930,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Alpkarakush</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
clade, or as sister taxon to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F151E029FB0F80FF5B1416E3" box="[1204,1398,1930,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Metriacanthosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F151E029FB0F80FF5B1416E3" box="[1204,1398,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Metriacanthosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2445D9F15EE026FF3A805E5CCB161F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774295" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13774295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774295/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[129,194,1835,1859]" targetBox="[129,1473,144,1807]" targetPageId="40" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15EE026FF3A805E5CCB161F" blockId="40.[129,1464,1835,1887]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15EE026FF3A805E5E871602" bold="true" box="[129,229,1835,1859]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figure 26.</emphasis>
|
||||
Phylogenetic position of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15EE026FE6E805E5C2F1602" box="[469,589,1835,1859]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kyrgyzicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15EE026FE6E805E5C2F1602" box="[469,589,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">A. kyrgyzicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Simplified strict consensus tree resulting from the implied weighing parsimony analysis with k = 12. For full results see Supporting information, Fig. S3.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15FE027FF3687E55F4B14CC" blockId="41.[111,764,144,1954]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
The analyses using implied weights found few most parsimonious trees, with scores of 208.21175 (k = 12; 3 Most Parsimonious Trees [MPT]), 251.68722 (k = 9; 1 MPT), 319.46481 (k = 6; 5 MPT), and 443.57498 (k = 3; 30 MPT). The strict consensus tree resulting from the analysis with k = 12 (Supporting information,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136009D4F15FE027FDA986585C3C1004" box="[530,606,301,325]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[130,195,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[165,1437,1530,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-591@6.[160,1443,1525,1924]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Outline reconstruction of Alpkarakush kyrgyzicus, with recovered elements indicated. Scale bar is 1 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774247/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. S3</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136009D4F15FE027FDCA86585CDF1004" box="[625,701,301,325]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="40.[129,194,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-8@40.[129,1473,144,1807]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figure 26. Phylogenetic position of A. kyrgyzicus. Simplified strict consensus tree resulting from the implied weighing parsimony analysis with k = 12. For full results see Supporting information, Fig. S3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774295" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774295/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||||
) was in general agreement with the reduced consensus tree of the equally weighted analysis, but showed considerably better resolution. At higher weighing strengths, changes in topology were mainly found within Megalosauroidea, but also between some metriacanthosaurids and a few other taxa (Supporting information,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136009D4F15FE027FF72869C5F501340" box="[201,306,489,513]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[180,1423,144,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-7@8.[180,1423,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Postorbital of A. kyrgyzicus. A–D, left postorbital IGB 2-1 in lateral (A, stereophotographs), posterior (B), medial (C), and dorsal (D, stereophotographs) views. E, F, right postorbital IGB 2-2 in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. Abbreviations:g, groove; jf, jugal facet; ls, laterosphenoid contact; ob, orbital brow; pp, posterior process; sf, supratemporal fossa; sq, squamosal facet; st, step. Scale bar is 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774249/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs S4–S</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136009D4F15FE027FE89869C5F5D1340" box="[306,319,489,513]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[115,180,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[258,1314,144,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-178@11.[258,1314,144,1601]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Teeth referred to of A. kyrgyzicus. A–C, possible premaxillary tooth IGB 2-6 in mesial (A), labial or lingual (B), and distal (C) views. D, E, lateral tooth IGB 2-3 in (?)lingual (D) and distal (E) views. Scale bar is 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774253/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The most severe reordering of taxa was found at k = 3, in which the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FE21857D5C5E1361" box="[410,572,520,544]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Megalosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were found as the earliest branching tetanurans, followed by metriacanthosaurids and Allosauria, whereas the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FE3585325C7D131E" authorityName="Stromer" authorityYear="1915" box="[398,543,583,607]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Spinosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were recovered as the earliest branching coelurosaurs (Supporting information,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136009D4F15FE027FD6F85135EEE13DC" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[115,180,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[258,1314,144,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-178@11.[258,1314,144,1601]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Teeth referred to of A. kyrgyzicus. A–C, possible premaxillary tooth IGB 2-6 in mesial (A), labial or lingual (B), and distal (C) views. D, E, lateral tooth IGB 2-3 in (?)lingual (D) and distal (E) views. Scale bar is 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774253/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. S6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Most of these changes seem to reflect the fragmentary nature of the unstable taxa, for which changing weights in a single character might then have severe consequences for their phylogenetic position. This might especially be the reason for the unstable relationships within Megalosauroidea; of the 23 taxa included in this clade in the k = 12 analysis, only two have more than 50% coded characters (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FE8384345F901218" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1964" box="[312,498,833,857]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Eustreptospondylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FE8384345F901218" box="[312,498,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Eustreptospondylus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: 55%;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FDFE84345C911218" baseAuthorityName="Zhao and Currie" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[581,755,833,857]" class="Reptilia" genus="Monolophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FDFE84345C911218" box="[581,755,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Monolophosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: 51%), whereas for six taxa (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FE6F84145C351239" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="2008" box="[468,599,865,888]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Duriavenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FE6F84145C351239" box="[468,599,865,888]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Duriavenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FDCA84145C971239" authorityName="von Huene" authorityYear="1932" box="[625,757,865,888]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Magnosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FDCA84145C971239" box="[625,757,865,888]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Magnosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FFCA84F55F7712D9" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1830" box="[113,277,896,920]" class="Reptilia" genus="Streptospondylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FFCA84F55F7712D9" box="[113,277,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Streptospondylus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FE8684F45C4A12D9" authorityName="Hendrickx & Mateus" authorityYear="2014" box="[317,552,897,920]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Torvosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guerneyi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FE8684F45C4A12D9" box="[317,552,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Torvosaurus guerneyi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FDF484F55F7812F6" authority=", Yungyangosaurus" authorityName="Yungyangosaurus" class="Reptilia" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" genus="Xuanhanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FDF484F55C9612D9" box="[591,756,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Xuanhanosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FFCA84D55F7812F6" box="[113,282,928,951]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Yungyangosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) only 10% or less of the characters could be coded. Within metriacanthosaurids, it was mainly the very fragmentary
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FF4384AB5FD812B7" box="[248,442,990,1014]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Metriacanthosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FF4384AB5FD812B7" box="[248,442,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Metriacanthosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(6.5% coded characters) that changed position (being found as sister taxon to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FDDF84885C801554" box="[612,738,1021,1045]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Shidaisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FDDF84885C801554" box="[612,738,1021,1045]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Shidaisaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
at the base of the clade in weighing concavities below 10), although
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FFCB83495E8F1515" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[112,237,1084,1108]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FFCB83495E8F1515" box="[112,237,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(25% coded characters) also changed position and was found to be sister taxon of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FE1383295C591532" box="[424,571,1116,1139]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Siamotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FE1383295C591532" box="[424,571,1116,1139]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Siamotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(6.8% coded characters) in these analyses. However, as the implied weighing analysis with k = 12 was closest to the equally weighted analysis, just with improved resolution, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F15FE027FE6C83CC5CDA1590" author="Goloboff PA & Torres A & Arias JS" box="[471,696,1209,1233]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="407 - 37" refId="ref37377" refString="Goloboff PA, Torres A, Arias JS. Weighted parsimony outperforms other methods of phylogenetic inference under models appropriate for morphology. Cladistics 2018; 34: 407 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 12205" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||||
Goloboff
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FD8183CF5C0B1590" box="[570,617,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2018)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
found the weighted analysis to perform best at this concavity (see also
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F15FE027FFC9838D5E981451" author="Ezcurra MD" box="[114,250,1272,1296]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="242 - 81" refId="ref36927" refString="Ezcurra MD. Exploring the effects of weighting against homoplasy in genealogies of palaeontological phylogenetic matrices. Cladistics 2024; 40: 242 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 12581" type="journal article" year="2024">Ezcurra 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), our following tree description and discussion is based on the strict consensus tree of the three MPTs resulting from this analysis. At least in respect to metriacanthosaurids, this tree was also the most consistent with the stratigraphic occurrences of the taxa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15FE027FF3682E05FB417A7" blockId="41.[111,764,144,1954]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
The consensus tree from the implied weighing analysis with k = 12 was very well resolved, with just two polytomies in carnosaurs, one between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FE0882A15C6114AA" box="[435,515,1492,1515]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Irritator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FE0882A15C6114AA" box="[435,515,1492,1515]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Irritator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FDA382A65CA714AA" box="[536,709,1491,1515]" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Vallibonavenatrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FDA382A65CA714AA" box="[536,709,1491,1515]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Vallibonavenatrix</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FFCA82865F69174A" baseAuthorityName="Charig & Milner" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[113,267,1523,1547]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Baryonychinae">Baryonychinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and a subclade containing
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FDF482865CA7174B" box="[591,709,1523,1546]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Spinosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FDF482865CA7174B" box="[591,709,1523,1546]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Spinosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FFCA81675F63176B" authorityName="Allain, Xaisanavong, Richir & Khentavong" authorityYear="2012" box="[113,257,1554,1578]" family="Spinosauridae" genus="Ichthyovenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FFCA81675F63176B" box="[113,257,1554,1578]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Ichthyovenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and one in metriacanthosaurids between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FFCA81475EAF1708" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[113,205,1586,1609]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FFCA81475EAF1708" box="[113,205,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FF6281475F0E1708" box="[217,364,1586,1609]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Siamotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FF6281475F0E1708" box="[217,364,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Siamotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FE1881445C071708" box="[419,613,1585,1609]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Metriacanthosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FE1881445C071708" box="[419,613,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Metriacanthosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Furthermore, therewasanadditionalthree-taxapolytomyoutsideCarnosauria, within megaraptorans. Apart from the better resolution, the results were almost identical to those found in the unweighted analysis, so this tree is used to discuss character distribution and possible evolutionary implications.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15FE027FF3681985B41139A" blockId="41.[111,764,144,1954]" lastBlockId="41.[808,1461,144,1829]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
Within Carnosauria, the implied weighting analysis found a basal dichotomy into Megalosauroidea and Allosauroidea. Within the former clade, a monophyletic
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FFCA803E5F4F1622" box="[113,301,1867,1891]" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Piatnitzkysauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
formed the earliest branching subclade; this clade included the genera
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FE08801E5C3E16C3" box="[435,604,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Yungyangosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FDD0801E5C9716C2" authorityName="Madsen" authorityYear="1976" box="[619,757,1899,1923]" class="Reptilia" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" genus="Marshosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FDD0801E5C9716C2" box="[619,757,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Marshosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FFCA80FF5F7716E3" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1979" box="[113,277,1930,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Allosauridae" genus="Piatnitzkysaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FFCA80FF5F7716E3" box="[113,277,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Piatnitzkysaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FE8A80FF5FB416E3" box="[305,470,1930,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" genus="Xuanhanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FE8A80FF5FB416E3" box="[305,470,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Xuanhanosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FD8B80FF5CD516E3" baseAuthorityName="Rauhut" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[560,695,1930,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" genus="Condorraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FD8B80FF5CD516E3" box="[560,695,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Condorraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The other megalosauroids were placed in either the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FA9987E55BD111E9" authorityName="Stromer" authorityYear="1915" box="[1314,1459,144,168]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Spinosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FCC087DA5A7D1186" box="[891,1055,175,199]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Megalosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB9587DA5AB21186" box="[1070,1232,175,199]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Megalosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
included the genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC9187BA5DBE11A6" authorityName="Mateus" authorityYear="1998" box="[810,988,207,231]" class="Reptilia" genus="Lourinhanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC9187BA5DBE11A6" box="[810,988,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lourinhanosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC4287BA5A1D11A6" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[1017,1151,207,231]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC4287BA5A1D11A6" box="[1017,1151,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Megalosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB2087BA5B6D11A6" box="[1179,1295,207,231]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Afrovenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB2087BA5B6D11A6" box="[1179,1295,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Afrovenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FA9087BA5BCC11A7" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="2008" box="[1323,1454,207,230]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Duriavenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FA9087BA5BCC11A7" box="[1323,1454,207,230]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Duriavenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC91879B5DB31047" authorityName="Allain" authorityYear="2005" box="[810,977,238,262]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Dubreuillosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC91879B5DB31047" box="[810,977,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Dubreuillosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC5A879B5A101047" box="[993,1138,238,262]" family="Megalosaurinidae" genus="Wiehenvenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC5A879B5A101047" box="[993,1138,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Wiehenvenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB39879A5A981047" box="[1154,1274,239,262]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Torvosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB39879A5A981047" box="[1154,1274,239,262]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Torvosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FAB2879B5BCF1047" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1830" box="[1289,1453,238,262]" class="Reptilia" genus="Streptospondylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FAB2879B5BCF1047" box="[1289,1453,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Streptospondylus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FCE186785A761064" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1964" box="[858,1044,269,293]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Eustreptospondylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FCE186785A761064" box="[858,1044,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Eustreptospondylus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, whereas
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB3A86785B4D1064" baseAuthorityName="Zhao and Currie" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1153,1327,269,293]" class="Reptilia" genus="Monolophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB3A86785B4D1064" box="[1153,1327,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Monolophosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and a clade including the poorly known
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FBD186585A8C1005" authorityName="von Huene" authorityYear="1932" box="[1130,1262,301,324]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Magnosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FBD186585A8C1005" box="[1130,1262,301,324]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Magnosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FA9586585BD11004" authorityName="Li, Peng, Ye, Jiang & Huang" authorityYear="2009" box="[1326,1459,301,325]" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Leshansaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FA9586585BD11004" box="[1326,1459,301,325]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Leshansaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were found as an early branching
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB3386395B781025" authorityName="Stromer" authorityYear="1915" box="[1160,1306,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Spinosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, rather than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC97861E5DB210C2" box="[812,976,363,387]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Megalosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. As in the unweighted analysis, Allosauroidea was subdivided into
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FBA686FE5A9F10E2" authorityName="Paul" authorityYear="1988" box="[1053,1277,395,419]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Metriacanthosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and Allosauria.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC9186DF5DD51083" authorityName="Rauhut & Pol" authorityYear="2019" box="[810,951,426,450]" genus="Asfaltovenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC9186DF5DD51083" box="[810,951,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Asfaltovenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was here found as an allosaurid, sister taxon to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC9186BC5DF310A0" baseAuthorityName="Madsen" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[810,913,457,481]" class="Reptilia" family="Allosauridae" genus="Allosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC9186BC5DF310A0" box="[810,913,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Allosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but otherwise the taxonomic composition and phylogenetic relationships within Allosauria correspond to those found in the unweighted analysis. Within metriacanthosaurids, the implied weighting analysis recovered the Chinese
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC9185325DCA131E" box="[810,936,583,607]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Shidaisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC9185325DCA131E" box="[810,936,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Shidaisaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as the earliest branching taxon, followed by the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FCD585135A40133F" box="[878,1058,614,638]" class="Reptilia" family="Ceratosauridae" genus="Yangchuanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FCD585135A40133F" box="[878,1058,614,638]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Yangchuanosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with its two species.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FAB385135BE7133F" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1288,1413,614,638]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FAB385135BE7133F" box="[1288,1413,614,638]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was confirmed as a metriacanthosaurid and represented the sister taxon to a clade uniting the remaining metriacanthosaurids
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC9185B15DE4139A" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[810,902,708,731]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC9185B15DE4139A" box="[810,902,708,731]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC2A85B15A46139A" box="[913,1060,708,731]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Siamotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC2A85B15A46139A" box="[913,1060,708,731]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Siamotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FBE185B15B7E139D" box="[1114,1308,708,732]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Metriacanthosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FBE185B15B7E139D" box="[1114,1308,708,732]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Metriacanthosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15FE027FCFE85965BD615B0" blockId="41.[808,1461,144,1829]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
Characters that support the inclusion of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB4A85965B0C13BA" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1265,1390,739,763]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB4A85965B0C13BA" box="[1265,1390,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC9184765A68125A" authorityName="Paul" authorityYear="1988" box="[810,1034,771,795]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Metriacanthosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
include the following: posterior margin of the infratemporal fenestra straight or only slightly convex (judged from the morphology of the quadratojugal and the facet for the contact with the squamosal on this bone; unknown in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC9184F55DCA12D9" box="[810,936,896,920]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Shidaisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC9184F55DCA12D9" box="[810,936,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Shidaisaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); mesial carina of lateral teeth extended to base of crown (unknown in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FBB184EA5AEA12F6" box="[1034,1160,927,951]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Shidaisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FBB184EA5AEA12F6" box="[1034,1160,927,951]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Shidaisaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); flexor tubercle in manual unguals reduced and less than one-third of the height of the articular facet (apart from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB9484AB5ACE12B7" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1071,1196,990,1014]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB9484AB5ACE12B7" box="[1071,1196,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
only known in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FAEC84AB5BD112B4" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1367,1459,990,1013]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FAEC84AB5BD112B4" box="[1367,1459,990,1013]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
within metriacanthosaurids; also present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FAA884885BC21554" authorityName="Rauhut & Pol" authorityYear="2019" box="[1299,1440,1021,1045]" genus="Asfaltovenator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FAA884885BC21554" box="[1299,1440,1021,1045]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Asfaltovenator</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); medial brevis shelf poorly developed and not visible in lateral view; angle between proximal part of ischial shaft and pubic peduncle of ischium less than 110°; presence of a posterior midline crest on the articulated ischia; presence of a strongly expanded ischial boot; presence of an oval fossa on the base of the ascending process of the astragalus; pedal ungual II asymmetrical (shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC1483AC5A6915B1" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[943,1035,1241,1264]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC1483AC5A6915B1" box="[943,1035,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, unknown in other metriacanthosaurids).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15FE027FCFE838D5B721664" blockId="41.[808,1461,144,1829]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
Within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC1E838D5AE51451" authorityName="Paul" authorityYear="1988" box="[933,1159,1272,1296]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Metriacanthosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB1A838D5B7C1451" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1185,1310,1272,1296]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB1A838D5B7C1451" box="[1185,1310,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
furthermore showsthefollowingsynapomorphieswithothertaxaorsubclades of this clade, which were absent in other members: ventral prong of the quadratojugal ends anterior to or level with the posterior rim of the infratemporal fenestra (shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FA9D82035BE014CC" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1318,1410,1398,1421]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FA9D82035BE014CC" box="[1318,1410,1398,1421]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and unknown in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC0282E05A2E14ED" box="[953,1100,1429,1452]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Siamotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC0282E05A2E14ED" box="[953,1100,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Siamotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB3082E05B2F14EC" box="[1163,1357,1429,1453]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Metriacanthosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB3082E05B2F14EC" box="[1163,1357,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Metriacanthosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, whereas the prong extended further posteriorly in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB4C82C15BC9148D" box="[1271,1451,1460,1484]" class="Reptilia" family="Ceratosauridae" genus="Yangchuanosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB4C82C15BC9148D" box="[1271,1451,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Yangchuanosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; although the jugal was not preserved, the length of its ventral posterior prong can be estimated from the articular facet on the quadratojugal); posterior process of the postorbital broader mediolaterally than high dorsoventrally (shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FAEC81475BD11708" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1367,1459,1586,1609]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FAEC81475BD11708" box="[1367,1459,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and unknown in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC5C81245A181729" box="[999,1146,1617,1640]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Siamotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC5C81245A181729" box="[999,1146,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Siamotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB0D81245B1A1728" box="[1206,1400,1617,1641]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Metriacanthosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB0D81245B1A1728" box="[1206,1400,1617,1641]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Metriacanthosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; also present in derived carcharodontosaurids); transverse dimensions of mid-sacral vertebrae reduced in relation to first and last sacral (shared with all metriacanthosaurids more derived than
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC9181BB5DCA17A7" box="[810,936,1742,1766]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Shidaisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC9181BB5DCA17A7" box="[810,936,1742,1766]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Shidaisaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); lateral groove present on pubic boot (present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FCFD819B5DC01644" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[838,930,1774,1797]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FCFD819B5DC01644" box="[838,930,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC63819B5A091644" box="[984,1131,1774,1797]" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Siamotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC63819B5A091644" box="[984,1131,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Siamotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); fibular crest on tibia bulbous (shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FC0B80785A6E1665" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[944,1036,1805,1828]" class="Reptilia" family="Sinraptoridae" genus="Sinraptor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC0B80785A6E1665" box="[944,1036,1805,1828]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sinraptor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15FE027FB8680785A9D1664" box="[1085,1279,1805,1829]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Metriacanthosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FB8680785A9D1664" box="[1085,1279,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Metriacanthosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15FE027FC4E80315A8A161F" blockId="41.[1013,1256,1860,1886]" box="[1013,1256,1860,1886]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15FE027FC4E80315A8A161F" bold="true" box="[1013,1256,1860,1886]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Biogeographic analysis</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15FE025FC91801E5E901005" blockId="41.[810,1459,1899,1954]" lastBlockId="43.[112,764,144,1045]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
As outlined in the Material and methods, the biogeographic analysis was carried out on the basis of the trees resulting from the phylogenetic analysis using implied weights with a k = 12. Since our focus lies on the phylogenetic position and biogeographic implications for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15DE025FEA187BA5FF411A6" baseAuthorityName="Currie and Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[282,406,207,231]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15DE025FEA187BA5FF411A6" box="[282,406,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, we restrict the presentation of the biogeographic results to the Carnosauria. For a full documentation of the results of the S-DIVA analysis see the Supporting information.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2445D9F15CE024FF3A80595D4416D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774297" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13774297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774297/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[129,194,1836,1860]" targetBox="[174,1428,146,1806]" targetPageId="42" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15CE024FF3A80595D4416D6" blockId="42.[129,1470,1836,1944]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15CE024FF3A80595E871605" bold="true" box="[129,229,1836,1860]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figure 27.</emphasis>
|
||||
Biogeographic reconstructions for selected clades, resulting from the S-DIVA analysis. Legend: A, north-eastern Europe; B, southern South America; C, North America; D, northern Africa; E, north-eastern Asia; F, south-western Europe; G, Central Asia; H, Australia; I, Antarctica; J, South-East Asia; L, Central South America. For further details on these regions see the Material and methods section. For full results of the S-DIVA analysis see Fig. S7 in the Supporting information.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F15DE025FF3686395F7C1554" blockId="43.[112,764,144,1045]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
The S-DIVA analysis (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136009D4F15DE025FECD86395FDF1025" box="[374,445,332,356]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="42.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[174,1428,146,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-7@42.[172,1430,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figure 27. Biogeographic reconstructions for selected clades, resulting from the S-DIVA analysis. Legend:A, north-eastern Europe; B, southern South America; C, North America; D, northern Africa; E, north-eastern Asia; F, south-western Europe; G, Central Asia; H, Australia; I, Antarctica; J, South-East Asia; L, Central South America.For further details on these regions see the Material and methods section. For full results of the S-DIVA analysis see Fig. S7 in the Supporting information." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13774297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13774297/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||||
) identified South-East Asia as the ancestral territory of Tetanurae, and eastern Asia in general (50% North-East Asia, 50% South-East Asia) as the original area for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15DE025FF6386DF5F0B1083" box="[216,361,426,450]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Avetheropoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Avetheropoda</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(the clade including Coelurosauria and Carnosauria). Likewise, a South-East Asian origin for Carnosauria was also indicated. Within Carnosauria, the area of origin of megalosauroids was problematic, as all three included clades (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15DE025FF0585525F1D137E" box="[190,383,551,575]" family="Piatnitzkysauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Piatnitzkysauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15DE025FE3385525C78137E" authorityName="Stromer" authorityYear="1915" box="[392,538,551,575]" class="Reptilia" family="Spinosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Spinosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15DE025FDEB85525C97137E" box="[592,757,551,575]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Megalosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) have wide distributions, with megalosaurids being especially diverse in the Middle and Late Jurassic of Europe (see also Rauhut
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15DE025FF7185F35E9B13DC" box="[202,249,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2016, 2018, 2020), and consequently, Europe was identified as area of origin of this clade. However, given that the South-East Asian
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15DE025FE2F85B05C53139D" box="[404,561,709,732]" genus="Yunyangosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15DE025FE2F85B05C53139D" box="[404,561,709,732]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Yunyangosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was found as the earliest branching piatnitzkysaurid, and the central Asian
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F15DE025FFCA84765F7D125A" baseAuthorityName="Zhao and Currie" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[113,287,771,795]" class="Reptilia" genus="Monolophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F15DE025FFCA84765F7D125A" box="[113,287,771,795]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Monolophosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as the earliest branching spinosaurid, an Asian origin of the Megalosauroidea in general, followed by a rapid dispersal over much of Pangaea, seems likely. The area of origin of Allosauroidea was identified as 50% South-East Asia and 50% south-west Europe; given that very little is known about Central Asian theropods, an origin somewhere between eastern Asia and Europe seems likely. For metriacanthosaurids, the area of origin was clearly identified as South-East Asia, followed by a dispersal into central Asia.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
126
data/03/F2/A4/03F2A447F170E008FC4485F55A9112A9.xml
Normal file
126
data/03/F2/A4/03F2A447F170E008FC4485F55A9112A9.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
|
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<mods:title id="92E12419FB187BA019E3A02BEE88482E">A new theropod dinosaur from the Callovian Balabansai Formation of Kyrgyzstan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D1558291FA343DE580F18195A1D4B81E">Rauhut, Oliver W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4DF2EBF1E00D843BC09CC40F436A7907">SNSB - Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Munich, Germany & Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany & GeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C5BD4855EC12B3E84714F9F3E1F065A9" type="email">rauhut@snsb.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F48737418421D2A3E74B7E4379989ED1">Bakirov, Aizek A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B38533F92D2E0C7558808FD64159AF3">Institute of Geology n. a. M. M. Adyshev, National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C1C1EF326BB66D33B18413F5D36D9C88">SNSB - Naturkundemuseum Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="483802A1287739456A17722EB682167C">Fernandes, Alexandra E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="202982E824671D060D5BD581111E891A">SNSB - Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Munich, Germany & Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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|
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<mods:affiliation id="244D296969E48D3AA75CC988747425D7">Friedenstein Stiftung Gotha, Gotha, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C34146DAF170E008FC4485F55A9F13DA" box="[1023,1277,640,667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE41551F170E008FC4485F55A9F13DA" blockId="6.[1023,1277,640,667]" box="[1023,1277,640,667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B92FC943F170E008FC4485F55A9F13DA" bold="true" box="[1023,1277,640,667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F170E008FC4485F55AF213DA" authorityName="Rauhut & Bakirov & Wings & Fernandes & Hübner" authorityYear="2024" box="[1023,1168,640,667]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F170E008FC4485F55AF213DA" bold="true" box="[1023,1168,640,667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C7438F170E008FB2E85F45A9F13DA" box="[1173,1277,641,667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C34146DAF170E008FC8285D25D92139E" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BE41551F170E008FC8285D25D92139E" blockId="6.[825,1474,679,735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F170E008FC8285D25D8813FE" box="[825,1002,679,703]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ZooBank LSID:</emphasis>
|
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urn:lsid::act:
|
||||
<uuid id="FFFD2F84F170E008FB3A85D25D8E139E" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">AEE2C533-04B8-45E9-90C1- D0DA2F90840E</uuid>
|
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.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34146DAF170E008FC8284755ACC1237" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F170E008FC8284755ACC1237" blockId="6.[825,1476,768,886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F170E008FC8284755DCA1259" box="[825,936,768,792]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||||
Named after
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F170E008FB8284755AD61259" authorityName="Rauhut & Bakirov & Wings & Fernandes & Hübner" authorityYear="2024" box="[1081,1204,768,792]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F170E008FB8284755AD61259" box="[1081,1204,768,792]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Alpkarakush</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a mythological large bird that often comes to the help of heroes in critical moments in the ‘Manas’ epos, one of the central mythological elements in Kyrgyz culture (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA68A0F170E008FC5B842B5AFC1237" author="Seiilbek S & Sarbassov B & Ismakova A" box="[992,1182,862,886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="632 - 51" refId="ref39938" refString="Seiilbek S, Sarbassov B, Ismakova A et al. Mythological aspects of the Kyrgyzs' ethnographic way of life in the historical epos ' Manas'. Opcion 2018; 33: 632 - 51." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||||
Seiilbek
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F170E008FB8D842A5A3C1237" box="[1078,1118,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34146DAF170E008FC8284ED5A5512EE" box="[825,1079,919,944]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F170E008FC8284ED5A5512EE" blockId="6.[825,1079,919,944]" box="[825,1079,919,944]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F170E008FC8284ED5DFD12EE" box="[825,927,920,943]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||||
As for species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34146DAF170E008FC8284A45A9112A9" box="[825,1267,977,1001]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="type_taxon">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE41551F170E008FC8284A45A9112A9" blockId="6.[825,1474,977,1095]" box="[825,1267,977,1001]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92FC943F170E008FC8284A45AC012A8" box="[825,1186,977,1001]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54E0ABF3F170E008FC8284A45D0B12A9" box="[825,873,977,1000]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B6ED2F170E008FC0184A45AC012A8" authorityName="Rauhut & Bakirov & Wings & Fernandes & Hübner" authorityYear="2024" box="[954,1186,977,1001]" class="Reptilia" family="Metriacanthosauridae" genus="Alpkarakush" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kyrgyzicus" status="sp. nov.">Alpkarakush kyrgyzicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C7438F170E008FB1C84A45A9112A9" box="[1191,1267,977,1000]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
3486
data/03/F2/A4/03F2A447F170E029FC8284855CDF1290.xml
Normal file
3486
data/03/F2/A4/03F2A447F170E029FC8284855CDF1290.xml
Normal file
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load diff
93
data/98/6B/63/986B638BE7AB5A7BB3C06B0B27198F02.xml
Normal file
93
data/98/6B/63/986B638BE7AB5A7BB3C06B0B27198F02.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
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<mods:namePart id="12B807CFABBD0DC90C8522C3C8322571">Li, Hongyu</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="70E6C51045D5BFC3280E4E260ACA55E5" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="5B9E92830A39FBD7CEF103BAA4203406">
|
||||
<heading id="96018ABD4779B37155B5EF57D5038B90" reason="label">Genus</heading>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9033A069A1141C8CE608A16ED6A833D4" ID-CoL="8YRCF" authority="Enderlein, 1910" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC0A50C7087496A320FAB5D48ADCDC54" italics="true">Euclimacia</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="14149864CF6D688E708C27680A7FCC6A" author="Enderlein G" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pagination="341-379" refId="B7" refString="Enderlein G (1910) Klassifikation der Mantispiden nach dem Material des Stettiner Zoologischen Museums. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 71 (1): 341 - 379." title="Klassifikation der Mantispiden nach dem Material des Stettiner Zoologischen Museums." volume="71" year="1910">Enderlein, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMQAE" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AE03C1E4365D97D157F4CCCFC3BA1569">
|
||||
<heading id="A4B126A2D784464993A3E47487616DC0" reason="title">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="6B76F8444A58F4C8B2D2EA954C8E3432">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0F21F621477BF1BB6781E5CEE7694A80">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="544D8D5EB455CEAD599CEBE91FD35C42">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="794EBB903A34510F30630C8E84A281A6" author="Enderlein G" page="366" year="1910">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="353AFF13184896C1CF294BE16444CAC0" ID-CoL="3BTY6" authority="Enderlein, 1910: 366" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityPageNumber="366" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partita">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8F655FB9D717ABA09D51533B9834B740" italics="true">Euclimacia partita</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="58F46114E4EE18745BB3D8AA3EE5DDE7" author="Enderlein G" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pagination="341-379" refId="B7" refString="Enderlein G (1910) Klassifikation der Mantispiden nach dem Material des Stettiner Zoologischen Museums. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 71 (1): 341 - 379." title="Klassifikation der Mantispiden nach dem Material des Stettiner Zoologischen Museums." volume="71" year="1910">Enderlein, 1910: 366</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, by original designation.
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
692
data/A1/6F/5C/A16F5CF35BEA5EA69340F8F3D0AE7D2A.xml
Normal file
692
data/A1/6F/5C/A16F5CF35BEA5EA69340F8F3D0AE7D2A.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,692 @@
|
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<mods:namePart id="6EF3D550441E36FEF5357645B47683B8">Ohl, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:classification id="486BEE783B5725038A0DAC2927BE984C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="EAD142825406FED283BB10BC288404A8" type="DOI">10.3897/dez.71.123553</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="40C4E98BEF3303C6E79F0E718D8C6E50" type="ZooBank">DF838760-FA62-45C0-9063-ACFE010B0170</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="A16F5CF35BEA5EA69340F8F3D0AE7D2A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13963656" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13963656" ID-arpha="A16F5CF3-5BEA-5EA6-9340-F8F3D0AE7D2A" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/2EB67902-20D0-495C-837B-CF63114BD194" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A16F5CF35BEA5EA69340F8F3D0AE7D2A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2EB67902-20D0-495C-837B-CF63114BD194" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A16F5CF35BEA5EA69340F8F3D0AE7D2A">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A2C93BC8EF791A1DB071ED56D2A95EAC" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0824F6B68EB0368BBE68598C8E06F4F1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A9991CA290E8BDCE7CB728E44DE80A10" authorityName="Ehlers & Li & Kirschey & Ohl" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radioquaesentis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7EB3B3AD99A5165C29FCA74866170B0D" italics="true">Euclimacia radioquaesentis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="394EF7DEAEDE4E1244DC4C63F2ABC942" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFSAE" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6C8E053A8A8F23CD8F066CFAD19CB07C">
|
||||
<heading id="9AB9D968E58271471BEB2AD2989BDE2A" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B1FD2D9A8FCBEA270E7F96C374D3582F">
|
||||
The species epithet is made up of two words ‘ radio’ and ‘ quaesentis’. The latter derives from Latin and means ‘ searched for’. The name was chosen as part of a radio show. Citizens were invited to submit name suggestions. The most suitable was
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="47CE41A2628E455C3A347CE1D6804B6E" authorityName="Ehlers & Li & Kirschey & Ohl" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radioquaesentis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2305378FDF034B4489EC05237DF88573" italics="true">radioquaesentis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
– searched for on the radio.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVSAE" type="material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="033D1EEC2773FF8AC87829EBD3A4A9FD">
|
||||
<heading id="61C9F1C48C7EBFD206A1E0D68CDF068F" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="68111AA0CB2DDE136472EFE3AFFECBF8">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="B5D66F7C2875E8B229DAD4FDBADA86B1" collectingDate="2007-11-07" collectingDateMax="2007-11-10" collectingDateMin="2007-11-07" collectionCode="T, CSOVI, ISNB" collectorName="G. Csorba & S. Nguyen & Pham & Nguyen & X. N. Nguyen & No." country="Vietnam" elevation="400" latitude="16.9375" location="Huong Hoa Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.58111" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Quang Tri" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="63ACF2B6CA3626ADC26E65FE23A6D53E" bold="true" italics="true">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="D471E575F50323BAD7CB1D73C610D367" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F5EB8CEC7F7CC004AD798988A90139C1" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<specimenCount id="D701142079F0A7AA8BD12B270BFEECED" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="8D13E951C33E5C0666FA208C6F5BAAC6" country="Vietnam" name="Quang Tri">Quang Tri</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="C9007D755DD612EFCD52C240F47686BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A16F5CF35BEA5EA69340F8F3D0AE7D2A:C9007D755DD612EFCD52C240F47686BD" country="Vietnam" latitude="16.9375" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.58111" name="Huong Hoa Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Quang Tri">Huong Hoa Nature Reserve</location>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDTAE" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[106.581111,16.937500]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="878C47360EDAB5E051FE5479548FA0E1" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="16.9375">16 ° 56 ' 15 '' N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="629019FB23D81CF212CD26B4EAC9FBD4" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="52" value="106.58111">106 ° 34 ' 52 '' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<quantity id="B4A7B77AE61B542919B65708CE7DAE7D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="400.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="714E918420C5A753951DBBA843F58818" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="27851945CBBC0D33EEED4ED0918CFE57" value="2007-11-07" valueMax="2007-11-10" valueMin="2007-11-07">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="4C35D6DF39079EC098368EBB0E82EC86" value="2007-11-07" valueMax="2007-11-10" valueMin="2007-11-07">7–10 Nov. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectorName id="4B2BD970C78321D759C0E2841C7A7AB7">G. Csorba</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="16997866073FA4363AB5016861B2EA3F" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="D59BA8B7D1D8FB0BB6E1FD9F5C708A42">S. Nguyen</collectorName>
|
||||
leg., D.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="D5C3775275B3459156AB5CF070B156A1" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="9CB8697BCAA22C5D716E95272CABE13C">Pham</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="4C2F172ACDFA8325E364A82042307495" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="448EA7931DA14F1B31B1BC61F3721FBF" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="A1EBD8CD19A9A5F7558934699C83AB80">Nguyen</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectorName id="97BACD705F8C5F30908455DD5B60AFDB">X. N. Nguyen</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.;
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="47D0527045776F1297B631DBD703C9FD">light trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectionCode id="64F36B18970F839940041AFE683E147E">CSOVI</collectionCode>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="B4CDF97160FFE3DC4A57F21FBADE4177" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectorName id="11667F6E37C2E09533326331B985E2AE">No.</collectorName>
|
||||
92; coll. mfn-berlin. de _ u _ 8 bfa 03;
|
||||
<collectionCode id="A60698F8C8105051FDA1963786A9F0E3">ISNB</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4B665EFC46C82884F10A55956AC68866">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="2003B9449C78C4586EE653EBBF6F2F87" country="Vietnam" location="Vietnam" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6A32AE977CDB1C2BAFC2B9F823003BD1" bold="true" italics="true">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="430E7854411ABED359499747F8F489ED" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="926B6342F56EC0EFE9EA873523EB8506" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="56F311F5592783A0EB157831716AB963" collectingDate="2007-11-07" collectingDateMax="2007-11-10" collectingDateMin="2007-11-07" collectionCode="T, CSOVI, ISNB" collectorName="G. Csorba & S. Nguyen & Pham & Nguyen & X. N. Nguyen & No." country="Vietnam" elevation="400" latitude="16.9375" location="Huong Hoa Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.58111" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Quang Tri" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="8ECACD81BE5FF3488DD0D7F8B7A209D3" count="4" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="20B21640B56C0F160F7D834B2103F8E2" country="Vietnam" name="Quang Tri">Quang Tri</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="09DC9693A6D3C6CC83BA3396F1D63692" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A16F5CF35BEA5EA69340F8F3D0AE7D2A:09DC9693A6D3C6CC83BA3396F1D63692" country="Vietnam" latitude="16.9375" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.58111" name="Huong Hoa Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Quang Tri">Huong Hoa Nature Reserve</location>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ESTAE" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[106.581111,16.937500]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9801CA8734DE65370CDE0E2B924BBEFA" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="16.9375">16 ° 56 ' 15 '' N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FB15592DCCDD77943BDF139B648FC861" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="52" value="106.58111">106 ° 34 ' 52 '' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<quantity id="698DAE83118513F9163BA1F17DB74DBB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="400.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="A09220DFE9D2671F3697C57AE3F7B6D1" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="56FFD28C871DF65FD9A1A6BCF6BD8A33" value="2007-11-07" valueMax="2007-11-10" valueMin="2007-11-07">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="69DD56867FB804D490F1945DEA5950DB" value="2007-11-07" valueMax="2007-11-10" valueMin="2007-11-07">7–10 Nov. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectorName id="BF7E86E791EC1A0ECFBC822F44263656">G. Csorba</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="F204F1FFA6E5148A7B15478B2666FAA2" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="5E5DAE71F5E17465B536DA7E5DDE935B">S. Nguyen</collectorName>
|
||||
leg., D.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="8767290D641E1A20CF91130484FC933B" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="E29A1970BA779CAB547C02EDE96DFF81">Pham</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ABCD2FA16C69C9E2B6AD823E0239BBB0" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="FCEC72F482B2401B6132D55831F1EBB9" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="56DE8A79C02E5D51C031A234002EF09A">Nguyen</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectorName id="8A63CD9EBAC43794BFF401EB97F751CA">X. N. Nguyen</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.;
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="8E0558EDF9E4D7B879BDD6E0EA26D61C">light trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectionCode id="935D44A3A99FEA2D625731720FF0F0FD">CSOVI</collectionCode>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1777EC0B99374BC0FD70A230ACC363BF" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectorName id="3069F87405D30E0AB25CBA5D9A870332">No.</collectorName>
|
||||
92; coll. mfn-berlin. de _ u _ 7 e 303 d, coll. mfn-berlin. de _ u _ 29 a 944, coll. mfn-berlin. de _ u _ 199711, coll. mfn-berlin. de _ u _ 93 bd 60;
|
||||
<collectionCode id="77292E0CB7AC1CED7AFE3037EE7650CF">ISNB</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="1AC4A9B0A180E4F335D990A160F14102" collectingDate="2007-11-07" collectingDateMax="2007-11-10" collectingDateMin="2007-11-07" collectionCode="T, CSOVI, ISNB" collectorName="G. Csorba & S. Nguyen & Pham & Nguyen & X. N. Nguyen & No." country="Vietnam" elevation="400" latitude="16.9375" location="Huong Hoa Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.58111" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Quang Tri" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="7F47CAE43317C08970D6251D6D7F9FC4" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
; same collection data as for preceding; coll. mfn-berlin. de _ u _ 5 ea 2 b 5; ZBM
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="24559987E9BD66E28DC29F557BAC37AC" collectingDate="2018-07-13" collectingDateMax="2018-07-20" collectingDateMin="2018-07-13" collectionCode="ISNB" collectorName="J. Constant & J. Bresseel & X. Vermeersch & Project, I. G." country="Vietnam" elevation="1200" latitude="14.474444" location="Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="108.54083" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Gia Lai" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="8A5B9883A10DD3A6EA08B441FF066B29" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BFDFF649AAC72BCC8981B3E3A983B7DA" country="Vietnam" name="Gia Lai">Gia Lai</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="A27BFF1E74FB47C313FF5FC7090D86F7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A16F5CF35BEA5EA69340F8F3D0AE7D2A:A27BFF1E74FB47C313FF5FC7090D86F7" country="Vietnam" latitude="14.474444" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="108.54083" name="Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Gia Lai">Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve</location>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E1TAE" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[108.540833,14.474444]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="719CA70D50CE72ABAB4441F9EBD41184" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="14.474444">14 ° 28 ' 28 " N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="923C9337260F333897F9F5CDA7B32958" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="108.54083">108 ° 32 ' 27 '' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<quantity id="FA445844765CBB3BA5957DD1C2DCEE35" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="3C0408AF5F8B8A2ECBE55704C1E9E626" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="97C93DF2662D158EBE2C3A3AA6C578A7" value="2018-07-13" valueMax="2018-07-20" valueMin="2018-07-13">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="833FDE36A7EBD82A310CF48A3CC7C122" value="2018-07-13" valueMax="2018-07-20" valueMin="2018-07-13">13–20 Jul. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectorName id="D02B84BE7F2B23723E24E024703B7F98">J. Constant</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectorName id="52A84BCB2561178CDB3B6AA12FE6E968">J. Bresseel</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectorName id="AA3AB6E3C9500560B12154E3CEC47451">X. Vermeersch</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.; GTI
|
||||
<collectorName id="762835FC44011C034BE8CDB2D5CE08BF">Project, I. G.</collectorName>
|
||||
: 33.769; coll. mfn-berlin. de _ u _ 6 c 2 cbd;
|
||||
<collectionCode id="64990E0F778235F489DF3FBC0A59B5B9">ISNB</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="AD784B70B4A67605D0FA44B573BF4EC0" collectingDate="2010-07-11" collectingDateMax="2010-07-18" collectingDateMin="2010-07-11" collectionCode="ISNB" collectorName="J. Constant & P. Limbourg" country="Vietnam" location="Cuc Phuong National Park" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Ninh Binh" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="0D07882E4B54C7F9F2B3C3E0241FC32B" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="AEEAEBF6D1FCC6093F53BBD8F236BE1F" country="Vietnam" name="Ninh Binh">Ninh Bình</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="2092BA3D483369B12352052CE36C007B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A16F5CF35BEA5EA69340F8F3D0AE7D2A:2092BA3D483369B12352052CE36C007B" country="Vietnam" name="Cuc Phuong National Park" stateProvince="Ninh Binh">Cuc Phuong National Park</location>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<date id="182FAE2AB5A0E378EF823C2DE20DD686" value="2010-07-11" valueMax="2010-07-18" valueMin="2010-07-11">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="31A877C2B0202926E9FE1D24E67AA7A5" value="2010-07-11" valueMax="2010-07-18" valueMin="2010-07-11">11–18 Jul. 2010</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectorName id="659B37C799E820D979AC4173FEB38582">J. Constant</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectorName id="415126DC4D969B4E42B4BC65E7D688A2">P. Limbourg</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.;
|
||||
<collectionCode id="D7867E04BB69F7538892C3E2B34B5904">ISNB</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6TAE" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DD0D3D54A668F45372D234EC2DD44600">
|
||||
<heading id="62A9B8282090657A5757095883BA6FD1" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4B80F1C1F60FC335F4E3F4A3ED0E5186">
|
||||
The combination of colour characters in the new species is unique within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8AC06A39F2C378EC43B9AFE0A51DCD84" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B556F3B880358545561DCEAF30D8DA2B" italics="true">Euclimacia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The contrast between the head and prothorax and the rest of the thorax and abdomen is striking. The prothorax and head have a distinct yellow colour, the remaining thorax is almost uniformly black. The abdomen of the male is also almost completely black with only a few brown markings. The female has a brownish abdomen with a black base. The wing colour is also unique in combination with the body colouration. The wings of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F018F1809F5FAB80031CC3BA45BD07AD" authorityName="Ehlers & Li & Kirschey & Ohl" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radioquaesentis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AEA8AAF860F45A09EC6A1E924780D4A8" italics="true">E radioquaesentis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have the prominent feature of differently-coloured pterostigmata in fore and hind wing. Whereas the fore-wing pterostigma is yellow, the hind-wing pterostigma is brown. There are currently six species in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="55BAC1014F2CAA9613CE3631EF79B3EF" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0785CBDCE18A93B47B64E82B0C3DF04F" italics="true">Euclimacia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with this diagnostic character, but these species differ distinctly in body colouration. Whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E35A8949F1CA4E15B6F5C090A8FB5073" authorityName="Ehlers & Li & Kirschey & Ohl" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radioquaesentis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1163AF5DE246B30DDE322F846D8732F1" italics="true">E. radioquaesentis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="550904E28659F34ECB481EA0F4312AE1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, the head and the prothorax are markedly yellow, in the other six species both parts are either ferruginous (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F885DF50B4C0C2BD1D6293F1B3A1D193" authority="Navas, 1914" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhombica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6403A198A297CD23254947A5A340A827" italics="true">E. rhombica</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7605B4864BCCB657A8CE01BDD8E02339" author="Navás L" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona" pagination="83-103" refId="B19" refString="Navas L (1914) Mantispidos nuevos (Segunda [II] serie). Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona 11 (3): 83 - 103." title="Mantíspidos nuevos (Segunda [II] serie)." volume="11" year="1914">Navás, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), reddish-brown (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C3615B06EDE85A908ADF3DA99BADA4C8" authority="(Gerstacker, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0708FD427EE9CCBFCA7483F8E9252FC2" italics="true">E. morosa</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B932532B9A627C657CB99DA78A35FA54" author="Gerstäcker A" journalOrPublisher="Mittheilungen aus dem naturwissenschaftlichen Vereine von Neu-Vorpommern und Rügen" pagination="93-173" refId="B10" refString="Gerstacker A (1893) Ueber neue und weniger gekannte Neuropteren aus der Familie Megaloptera Burm. Mittheilungen aus dem naturwissenschaftlichen Vereine von Neu-Vorpommern und Rugen 25: 93 - 173." title="Ueber neue und weniger gekannte Neuropteren aus der Familie Megaloptera Burm." volume="25" year="1893">Gerstäcker, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8B50CA3E138301D07C289617E986718B" authority="Navas, 1914" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zonalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="107D706C7E276D5668A0EFDCB5BF54BE" italics="true">E. zonalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3F0CE012CCCC9364D417378A40F97481" author="Navás L" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona" pagination="83-103" refId="B19" refString="Navas L (1914) Mantispidos nuevos (Segunda [II] serie). Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona 11 (3): 83 - 103." title="Mantíspidos nuevos (Segunda [II] serie)." volume="11" year="1914">Navás, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F542AE9255C8645C25BC3A37D2FBA4FB" authority="Esben-Petersen, 1917" authorityName="Esben-Petersen" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7B5B53EE2C632FEB97D473933AE7FB5F" italics="true">E. regina</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5B8403FC4AAA860B620ED56FCB242CF8" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.1498" author="Esben-Petersen P" issue="10" journalOrPublisher="Arkiv För Zoologi" pagination="1-15" refId="B8" refString="Esben-Petersen P (1917) Neue und wenig bekannte Mantispiden. Arkiv For Zoologi 11 (10): 1 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 1498" title="Neue und wenig bekannte Mantispiden." volume="11" year="1917">Esben-Petersen, 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C019734555A7EBCF7B329DF30BB46EB7" authority="Handschin, 1961" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufocincta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="92A35B9DE6CF4BCC55D8521BBAB60D12" italics="true">E. rufocincta</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CC6A7EE343540994F926A0FD9F259BFB" author="Handschin E" journalOrPublisher="Nova Guinea, Zoology" pagination="253-301" refId="B11" refString="Handschin E (1961) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattungen Euclimacia, Climaciella und Entanoneura Enderlein 1910 im indo-australischen Faunengebiet. Nova Guinea, Zoology 15: 253 - 301." title="Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattungen Euclimacia, Climaciella und Entanoneura Enderlein 1910 im indo-australischen Faunengebiet." volume="15" year="1961">Handschin, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) or completely black (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D5B88CF9CE23DD372AE879871CB1B58A" authority="Banks, 1920" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1920" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2963897D1533778C75CFDF0C6F52D61" italics="true">E. gerstaeckeri</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AB4FD175FDE46AF8B0E173068DEC2373" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.28705" author="Banks N" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pagination="297-362" refId="B5" refString="Banks N (1920) New neuropteroid insects. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 64 (3): 297 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 28705" title="New neuropteroid insects." volume="64" year="1920">Banks, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELXAE" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ADBC195E554CF23165D1380A37FE508A">
|
||||
<heading id="D92688B02F2A57C91D0B086A3118E20E" reason="title">Description.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70B526C6AFF4C924AE60414A62EA4206">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C599574C135ABBF2D89130C88D74F5D5" bold="true" italics="true">Measurements and ratios</emphasis>
|
||||
[in mm]. The given size range of each defined measurement area comprises minimum and maximum measured values of all
|
||||
<specimenCount id="3A1A5BA0F7BE655B0AFEAF78BDC9C10A" count="7" type="generic">seven specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
: Minimum frontal eye distance [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="AE352833F8021FB148CBC06EB5868E0F">WBE</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 1.32–1.56; female 1.05. Maximum frontal head width including eyes [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="088328A0B1D07F4FBE1DD00677AA3180">WAE</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 3.96–4.44; female 3.25. Pronatal length, measured lateral from the anterior margin of the prozona to the dorsal basis of the prothorax [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E64DFD0892BF00E7B5255CCA331218C5" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 3.6–4.53; female 3.6. Pronatal width at maculae [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="143150BD14BF39DC911EFB95B6A25455" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" type="Museum">WAM</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 1.92–2.41; female 1.5. Pronatal ratio (length: width) [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="3701E5400EB51AA253717E27139B43CC" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="B80AEC76170788C8BFF67457B422FE8B" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" type="Museum">WAM</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 1.81–2.03; female 2.4. Maximum fore femoral length [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="AE459155F4195D9290F6D28DC8C185DE">LFF</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 6.42–7.39; female 5.44. Maximum fore femoral width [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="B2F1B30D24A0E6C5070121A65A25EE16">WFF</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 21–2.52; female 1.6. Fore femoral ratio (length: width) [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="607F0D09A96FB41EAA3D1742ED07B038">LFF</collectionCode>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="D9FF8621B4450FE370AF939DA50735E6">WFF</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 2.55–3.52; female 3.4. Maximum hind femoral length [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="6848614D7512D5507AE2352436F8DEC3">LHF</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 4.61–5.46; female 3.85. Hind femoral ratio (Hind femoral length: head width including eyes) [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="02CD1DF9A159D01A73EBF5460071CB77">LHF</collectionCode>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="38C294E91CEF54EDEC4CEF6492ADFAF1">WAE</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 1.08–1.38; female 1.18. Fore-wing length (measured at the middle of the humeral plate to the outer apex of the wing) [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="BFE8B76A4F1F3C613059BD623676F993">LFW</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 22.21–25.1; female 17. Fore-wing width (measured down from the base of the pterostigma at a right angle) [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="D28765BE5EF26ABF5B26484270FF9F41">WFW</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 4.8–5.1; female 4.08. Fore-wing ratio (length: width) [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="0D66FB2EB1EDAEA8718FEADF3C04DD99">LFW</collectionCode>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="6E81F420028F5BF9CD25411AAA592F10">WFW</collectionCode>
|
||||
]: male 4.48–4.95; female 4.15. Maximum length of fore-wing anterior radial cell II [Lrarp 2]: male 4.19–5.2; female 3.02. Maximum width of fore-wing anterior radial cell II [Wrarp 2]: male 0.46–0.57; female 0.45. Fore-wing 2
|
||||
<collectionCode id="B9296E5874DCF98AFB0A9AAE27964B43" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
1 ratio (length: width) [L 2
|
||||
<collectionCode id="58FD69CA8072FCE177783C1FC28FA10D" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
<subScript id="AEFD2E2EF855BFD152B9464FA75A7C91">1</subScript>
|
||||
: W 2
|
||||
<collectionCode id="4BD04FA98F635B0AEC1A632AA1DC83F1" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
<subScript id="4BA5AEA5613FB88DB458366943D6EF39">1</subScript>
|
||||
]: male 8.6–10.57; female 6.71. Maximum hind-wing length (measured at the middle of the humeral plate to the outer apex of the wing): male 19.57–21.9; female 15.55. Maximum hind-wing width (measured down from the base of the pterostigma at a right angle): male 4.26–5.1; female 3.62. Hind-wing ratio (length: width): male 4.29–4.69; female 4.3.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D202A7BA18EB5488FF480BC6CB4C31F7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A434315E2D3E9BE739E6DECB33D67FA7" bold="true" italics="true">Head.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="B4AE2E0FF1B1328901E2B9B718612DAC" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
: Left antenna with 47 flagellomeres, right with 46 flagellomeres. Antennae of male
|
||||
<typeStatus id="381F3AAD990C9E918268CCAE17ED3622" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
ranging from 42 to 47 flagellomeres, left and right antennae with different number of flagellomeres in all specimens. Female: 41 flagellomeres right, left antennae missing.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FFAC2614CF6D8F84B4861437FCE02FA6">
|
||||
Frons approximately square-shaped basically with outwardly curved lateral subantennal sutures (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="08694D46BBF433B4BD3FB03C646D4948" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male. A. Head frontal view. The subantennal suture (sas) is curved outwards; B. Head and thorax in dorsal view. The epicranial sutures are comprised by the frontal sutures (fs) and the coronal suture (cs). A black transversal band runs along the pronatal groove over the maculae (mc) and the pronatal humps (ph). The horizontal dashed lines indicate the three areas of the prothorax, the prozona (p 1), the metazona (p 2) and the pronatal base (p 3); C. Lateral view on head, thorax and forelegs. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 2 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157628">2 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Frons glabrous, pilosity indistinct, frontal surface wrinkled (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="44AF1FC31A501C2F2BF4D666F26B2456" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male. A. Head frontal view. The subantennal suture (sas) is curved outwards; B. Head and thorax in dorsal view. The epicranial sutures are comprised by the frontal sutures (fs) and the coronal suture (cs). A black transversal band runs along the pronatal groove over the maculae (mc) and the pronatal humps (ph). The horizontal dashed lines indicate the three areas of the prothorax, the prozona (p 1), the metazona (p 2) and the pronatal base (p 3); C. Lateral view on head, thorax and forelegs. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 2 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157628">2 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Clypeus trapezoidal, with long parallel side adjacent to frons and short parallel side adjacent to labrum, smoother surface than frons. Labrum ovoid, surface smooth with sparse pilosity. Frontal sutures form a curved line (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="61F2DD113856D04994BA7D74039D400C" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male. A. Head frontal view. The subantennal suture (sas) is curved outwards; B. Head and thorax in dorsal view. The epicranial sutures are comprised by the frontal sutures (fs) and the coronal suture (cs). A black transversal band runs along the pronatal groove over the maculae (mc) and the pronatal humps (ph). The horizontal dashed lines indicate the three areas of the prothorax, the prozona (p 1), the metazona (p 2) and the pronatal base (p 3); C. Lateral view on head, thorax and forelegs. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 2 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157628">2 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Coronal suture runs straight from junction of frontal sutures to occiput.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="C637B87F76D75E88E17E99D122BB0CAE" ID-DOI="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure2" ID-arpha="A192B491-E946-5B48-8CAC-6B3620F7992D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157628" startId="F2">
|
||||
<paragraph id="61386ED2A0B6C067DF6B4F7080AA029A">
|
||||
<label id="BF5A97D62DE99E6E47A943B24B25EAB3">Figure 2.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="66BE53DDBE4BBB418F80277A33CCA7D3">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="659EF75834B6AF8E0B6B26BD01D4E4FF" authorityName="Ehlers & Li & Kirschey & Ohl" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radioquaesentis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="146FABEAC3B35A1D7AF5BBB55E6F9E89" italics="true">Euclimacia radioquaesentis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
male.
|
||||
<emphasis id="DCBD87DB20B3FE7629714BA1BDF3E43F" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
Head frontal view. The subantennal suture (
|
||||
<emphasis id="165176120DFA8E0796A3718A0D12E539" italics="true">sas</emphasis>
|
||||
) is curved outwards;
|
||||
<emphasis id="51D39388773B5360AD864443E9FB71D3" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Head and thorax in dorsal view. The epicranial sutures are comprised by the frontal sutures (
|
||||
<emphasis id="30280C1EAE1E632620B567D4D01FA824" italics="true">fs</emphasis>
|
||||
) and the coronal suture (
|
||||
<emphasis id="682991E8545389E7108CC421396F7E5E" italics="true">cs</emphasis>
|
||||
). A black transversal band runs along the pronatal groove over the maculae (
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBF72E7A90375210C17898B04A1322CE" italics="true">mc</emphasis>
|
||||
) and the pronatal humps (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9A30906D50C2B0CF8FEA0E9FED582755" italics="true">ph</emphasis>
|
||||
). The horizontal dashed lines indicate the three areas of the prothorax, the prozona (
|
||||
<emphasis id="0F7D5AB0214AE63E8DA8F1693147F91E" italics="true">p 1</emphasis>
|
||||
), the metazona (
|
||||
<emphasis id="A3BBB0CF0820A749F9E8A0FB616317AD" italics="true">p 2</emphasis>
|
||||
) and the pronatal base (
|
||||
<emphasis id="28886B85F05C25D60658E6F19ECB7155" italics="true">p 3</emphasis>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis id="045B3159511BA154450C340F179EE2BC" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
Lateral view on head, thorax and forelegs. Scale bars: 1 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="91C78F6841DE485F6D748498A7FE94C0" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
); 2 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="0843348D80722A4C9A1610CBA7DE19F7" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0366B76D6F409913010F78025830DABD">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8AF17B00974FD03AE560562372933DEA" bold="true" italics="true">Prothorax.</emphasis>
|
||||
Pronatal humps distinctly protruding (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7CA66FB515AF4A516A3FCEE66A7291E9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Euclimacia radioquaesentis prothorax of both sexes in lateral view. A. Male. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) distinctly protruding. The black marking on the pronatal hump and the black marking on the macula are connected; B. Female. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) barely protrudes. Dark marking on pronatal hump faintly present and not interfering with the black mark of the macula. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157629">3 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Female pronatal humps flat, weakly developed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FB06BE2CBEDBB8D7A85B40E844D8150C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Euclimacia radioquaesentis prothorax of both sexes in lateral view. A. Male. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) distinctly protruding. The black marking on the pronatal hump and the black marking on the macula are connected; B. Female. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) barely protrudes. Dark marking on pronatal hump faintly present and not interfering with the black mark of the macula. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157629">3 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="469C18AD550A9A2DFBADF4D2D40B3BCB" ID-DOI="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure3" ID-arpha="C2D815ED-31A1-5719-9D36-CED2A002741B" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157629" startId="F3">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C1CDC5CB735D248D7A748B496A4F8A6C">
|
||||
<label id="7DEEA035AC18B8103B098CE8DEA921EE">Figure 3.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2CD4E616F76F778C845B4679D6A6215D">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="95FE7C1E26D07D30807FDEAD58E1D4DA" authorityName="Ehlers & Li & Kirschey & Ohl" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radioquaesentis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="45666B7A824C54213915DF2FC39E4454" italics="true">Euclimacia radioquaesentis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
prothorax of both sexes in lateral view.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E36CEB26F0390BAD9DD7F71EF33BD06E" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) distinctly protruding. The black marking on the pronatal hump and the black marking on the macula are connected;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9CF493C0A5F2FD799340BC2002245132" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Female. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) barely protrudes. Dark marking on pronatal hump faintly present and not interfering with the black mark of the macula. Scale bars: 5 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="388561873F4F00F5BCC7857D365807CE" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="336BF7099D2A5602A7DC9960F72D99D9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D008C7597DCFE1E6F3179030E6148750" bold="true" italics="true">Wings.</emphasis>
|
||||
Number of subcostal veinlets and their bifurcations are asymmetric.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="37269B3EC3859A7251DE6453FA4A668F" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
: Left fore-wing costal space proximal to pterostigma with 17 subcostal veinlets, first (most proximal) subcostal veinlet counted as one, but with bifurcation in anterior direction (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="24207389EB7B28EBC5BBD45684DA3E28" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Right fore-wing with same number of subcostal veinlets, but without any bifurcation. Costal space of left hind-wing with 15 subcostal veinlets, right one with 14.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="F656393DAEE4194B769B6B93A8423CD9" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
: Costal space with 11 to 16 subcostal veinlets, different in each wing of each specimen. Five of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="4F12CF8E99BC844586313ED899AB19F1" count="7" type="generic">seven specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
with at least one bifurcated subcostal veinlet within costal space of fore-wing. Bifurcations never on both costal spaces in fore-wings, absent in costal spaces of hind-wings and subcostal spaces.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B0BBFDCA0F4879B57A42162E119694D7" count="1" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
with three bifurcations in one fore-wing. Female: Left fore-wing costal space with 12 subcostal veinlets, right fore-wing with 13 subcostal veinlets. Costal space of left hind-wing with 12 subcostal veinlets, right one with 16. Anterior radial cell II (
|
||||
<emphasis id="EDCA8329D8397AADB3D33AB7D4B3EE1A" italics="true">rarp 2</emphasis>
|
||||
) of the left hind-wing with cross-vein approximately centrally.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="22475FFEB1D5E7B10E59170AB3964A89">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C66294ED8E17C6FFC181C7A415C7327D" bold="true" italics="true">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||||
Abdominal segments with indistinct pilosity, dull appearance, without enlarged membranes or pores (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EC58AFAC3FC81B0F1D3D0549810F05C5" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male terminalia and inner genitals. A. Dorsal view of abdominal segment VII – IX; B. Illustration of the inner genitals from dorsal view with same orientation as in A; C. Male terminalia lateral view; D. Inner genitals from lateral view with same orientation as in C; E. Tergites IV – VI in lateral view. Abbreviations: cv, convex area; ect, ectoproct; gc, gonocoxite; hm, hypomere; m, membrane; pp, pseudopenis; s, sternite; t, tergite; vml, ventromedial lobus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157630">4 E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antecostal sutures (attachment for the longitudinal muscles) clearly visible in tergite III –
|
||||
<collectionCode id="563DDAE4E8A1A41EF0ECB0D64DFC5B4A" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<typeStatus id="DF791269C07862EEBAE4916B36E6019F" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
and two further specimens (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="244D66CF5B3255514DA149A85458E953" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). One transverse suture on each side of anterior margin of tergite,
|
||||
<quantity id="149CEAB5A4955F6646885856FBF2E74E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, smooth and without setae. Sutures not merging dorsally. Additional small (
|
||||
<quantity id="795EE02C291F5CC6A11116EEFFD86C0E" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="0.15">0.15 mm</quantity>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<quantity id="882483841FE3CC382935D0C9C4A311AF" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) circular and glabrous areas on tergum III – VIII, two on each side in the posterior third, below each other, one more dorsally and one at lower part of tergum, similar to surface of tergal sutures (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="86044ADF877BDF1609389B92B6A352A6" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Similar arrangement of those marks visible on sternum III – VII.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="FC3985E04F0A3F2255C6FAFA11B1C87F" ID-DOI="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure4" ID-arpha="2C6E3BF4-3B22-5E59-8014-C33535214DD1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157630" startId="F4">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8CFBC002A0309CAAFC23C71BCA9DA92B">
|
||||
<label id="016D6D1F8A8010A7990A149F54210766">Figure 4.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2143ABD5EECE62341F20CE9F5619D71">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B768F8AC8E0EC29B59F560EDBC97A26F" authorityName="Ehlers & Li & Kirschey & Ohl" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radioquaesentis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="964FB4F7FFEFD4F9ACE5D237B876087C" italics="true">Euclimacia radioquaesentis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
male terminalia and inner genitals.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B4D47B700045130090ACD4E3C1B974C9" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal view of abdominal segment VII – IX;
|
||||
<emphasis id="7CB6ED5CB10EE7CDD610E13B0EA408FE" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Illustration of the inner genitals from dorsal view with same orientation as in A;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B4507B29DA640C35F1D6D18513F0E100" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male terminalia lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="99D5E6E2E2F7E9B331595BD7C8373278" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
|
||||
Inner genitals from lateral view with same orientation as in
|
||||
<emphasis id="C4F5F423F310A3DC8215D648C4925268" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="6E571843A811FD365602A584FE7D93CE" bold="true">E.</emphasis>
|
||||
Tergites IV – VI in lateral view. Abbreviations: cv, convex area; ect, ectoproct;
|
||||
<emphasis id="EA5CF2FED57ED3EB0A23A608CDB97758" italics="true">gc</emphasis>
|
||||
, gonocoxite;
|
||||
<emphasis id="3E200B3932F6D3F88F9DE26AA77A3182" italics="true">hm</emphasis>
|
||||
, hypomere;
|
||||
<emphasis id="F21EB355E582AE50B2CFAEDAB00971CA" italics="true">m</emphasis>
|
||||
, membrane;
|
||||
<emphasis id="3A7F5DD94891C6A0FB5693DA6B536B8A" italics="true">pp</emphasis>
|
||||
, pseudopenis;
|
||||
<emphasis id="75031FACA77B31F0BE5578A2FD97C148" italics="true">s</emphasis>
|
||||
, sternite;
|
||||
<emphasis id="DE374A91739F607C837D6B0410D5BF0E" italics="true">t</emphasis>
|
||||
, tergite;
|
||||
<emphasis id="6C89E29A81A8F77F0ECE6AC668B02FAC" italics="true">vml</emphasis>
|
||||
, ventromedial lobus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="CDAB36302E6325AA7A763C530ECD72DE" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="34456E574C2FA78E783A7C5A5B156EA7" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
); 0.2 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="1A80A0A1BF57DDEBDF2C416B7AA736EB" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
); 1 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="0ACC9E2CB7FB9C542F25892FE6388D84" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EI5AE" type="Male genitalia">
|
||||
<paragraph id="66FF5027978A389835207CDEAC3A9CD1">
|
||||
<heading id="65B53F0AE069874F26B6C30C3808D32C" reason="title">Male genitalia.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E9CE13A8B3F4F947A9008409994AB18A">
|
||||
Tergite IX laterally about three times as wide as dorsally (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AC6BD9341601FB47CF8476A0CB5F393C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male terminalia and inner genitals. A. Dorsal view of abdominal segment VII – IX; B. Illustration of the inner genitals from dorsal view with same orientation as in A; C. Male terminalia lateral view; D. Inner genitals from lateral view with same orientation as in C; E. Tergites IV – VI in lateral view. Abbreviations: cv, convex area; ect, ectoproct; gc, gonocoxite; hm, hypomere; m, membrane; pp, pseudopenis; s, sternite; t, tergite; vml, ventromedial lobus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157630">4 A, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Sternite IX sternite posterior with apex pointing downwards (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5229ADD251796119D3CABE0A1CA754D7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male terminalia and inner genitals. A. Dorsal view of abdominal segment VII – IX; B. Illustration of the inner genitals from dorsal view with same orientation as in A; C. Male terminalia lateral view; D. Inner genitals from lateral view with same orientation as in C; E. Tergites IV – VI in lateral view. Abbreviations: cv, convex area; ect, ectoproct; gc, gonocoxite; hm, hypomere; m, membrane; pp, pseudopenis; s, sternite; t, tergite; vml, ventromedial lobus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157630">4 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Ectoprocts with median lobes with short thick black setae (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8C43D647A3A0C154A034BA663BA128C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male terminalia and inner genitals. A. Dorsal view of abdominal segment VII – IX; B. Illustration of the inner genitals from dorsal view with same orientation as in A; C. Male terminalia lateral view; D. Inner genitals from lateral view with same orientation as in C; E. Tergites IV – VI in lateral view. Abbreviations: cv, convex area; ect, ectoproct; gc, gonocoxite; hm, hypomere; m, membrane; pp, pseudopenis; s, sternite; t, tergite; vml, ventromedial lobus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157630">4 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Mediuncus (gonocoxites X) elongated and arched from ventral to dorsal, approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="7D4BB8DE4BC6E54E31EFBA19378CEB6D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, anterior two-thirds slender, posterior part broadened with two flanks, apex bifid (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7DEDBE365D43190E0CB788F901013A21" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male terminalia and inner genitals. A. Dorsal view of abdominal segment VII – IX; B. Illustration of the inner genitals from dorsal view with same orientation as in A; C. Male terminalia lateral view; D. Inner genitals from lateral view with same orientation as in C; E. Tergites IV – VI in lateral view. Abbreviations: cv, convex area; ect, ectoproct; gc, gonocoxite; hm, hypomere; m, membrane; pp, pseudopenis; s, sternite; t, tergite; vml, ventromedial lobus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157630">4 B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pseudopenis (gonostyli X) originates posterior to apex of mediuncus, with broadened sclerotised trapezoidal lower region, short and acute process, strongly curved backwards (cranial direction). Two globular protrusions (hypomeres) lateral at base of pseudopenis. Parameres (gonocoxites IX) slightly s-shaped in lateral plane, one part strongly sclerotised, pigmented, narrow in lower half and widens threefold in upper half, lobe-like shape. Inwardly projecting and less pigmented area that surrounds sclerotised part, merges into the connecting membrane. Membranous areas and most parts of pseudopenis covered with microspinulae. Gonarcus (gonocoxites XI) arch-shaped from dorsal view, with medial and slightly upwards pointing lobe, located on top of mediuncus-paramere-complex (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="85C7A86151458514285B52E2A3EE75FD" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male terminalia and inner genitals. A. Dorsal view of abdominal segment VII – IX; B. Illustration of the inner genitals from dorsal view with same orientation as in A; C. Male terminalia lateral view; D. Inner genitals from lateral view with same orientation as in C; E. Tergites IV – VI in lateral view. Abbreviations: cv, convex area; ect, ectoproct; gc, gonocoxite; hm, hypomere; m, membrane; pp, pseudopenis; s, sternite; t, tergite; vml, ventromedial lobus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157630">4 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), connected to mediuncus and parameres via connecting membrane, remaining part freely movable. Connecting membrane barely sclerotised and flexible, but with definite shape (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="85F837DE6820C3E880E388CEF94DFE92" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male terminalia and inner genitals. A. Dorsal view of abdominal segment VII – IX; B. Illustration of the inner genitals from dorsal view with same orientation as in A; C. Male terminalia lateral view; D. Inner genitals from lateral view with same orientation as in C; E. Tergites IV – VI in lateral view. Abbreviations: cv, convex area; ect, ectoproct; gc, gonocoxite; hm, hypomere; m, membrane; pp, pseudopenis; s, sternite; t, tergite; vml, ventromedial lobus. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157630">4 B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Anterior margin between mediuncus / pseudopenis and parameres from dorsal view shoulder-shaped, with strongly convex (
|
||||
<emphasis id="065DF25529640BD49BD3A2513D50CCFB" italics="true">cv</emphasis>
|
||||
) area in distal 2 / 3.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="338D802934F935C6E51B0A40D511D2FF">
|
||||
<emphasis id="53DD57D7E57B15D1F4529797F1E3BAF8" bold="true" italics="true">Female genetalia.</emphasis>
|
||||
Gonocoxite VIII located between enlarged sternite VII and tergite VIII (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DF212A31146BD98A02BCD87DFD17540F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Euclimacia radioquaesentis female terminalia and inner genitals. A. Female terminalia lateral view; B. Spermatheca with bursa copulatrix lateral view; C. Terminalia ventral view; D. Spermatheca with bursa copulatrix ventral view. Abbreviations: b. c., bursa copulatrix; d. s., distal section of spermatheca; ect, ectoproct; fc, fertilisation canal; fcd, fertilisation canal duct; ga, gonapophysis; gc, gonocoxite; m. s., medial section of spermatheca; p. s., proximal section of spermatheca; d. s., distal section of spermatheca; s, sternite; t, tergite. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157631">5 A, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Gonapophysis located as small lobe ventrally between gonocoxites IX. Spermatheca approximate of equal thickness (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CE6524110CACC68F6346AECD5269B862" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Euclimacia radioquaesentis female terminalia and inner genitals. A. Female terminalia lateral view; B. Spermatheca with bursa copulatrix lateral view; C. Terminalia ventral view; D. Spermatheca with bursa copulatrix ventral view. Abbreviations: b. c., bursa copulatrix; d. s., distal section of spermatheca; ect, ectoproct; fc, fertilisation canal; fcd, fertilisation canal duct; ga, gonapophysis; gc, gonocoxite; m. s., medial section of spermatheca; p. s., proximal section of spermatheca; d. s., distal section of spermatheca; s, sternite; t, tergite. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157631">5 B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), spirally coiled, with two inner coils of medial area and two coils of distal area. Short fertilisation duct and fertilisation channel.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="797325AC518AF5DF901ED70600E9ABDA" ID-DOI="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure5" ID-arpha="C481C76D-0683-5025-833A-D282022AAF10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157631" startId="F5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="67A359AF67D3D2A3E2104A5AAF334F26">
|
||||
<label id="F6A927F67A460435062DD18498E99512">Figure 5.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B4E7F139EB16E6AFB1ABEBD37BD38A8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D1F272B152895F2C301BADC86E9CD146" authorityName="Ehlers & Li & Kirschey & Ohl" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Euclimacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radioquaesentis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="253825B9C3BCE361B1DDE0D6850F67E1" italics="true">Euclimacia radioquaesentis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
female terminalia and inner genitals.
|
||||
<emphasis id="32D46AD7E176DD07FA7ED0DA969141CD" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
Female terminalia lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="5155F27370F84A550AE1A47B4CAFD77A" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Spermatheca with bursa copulatrix lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="EFF434790B28FACD7ACD8C9563360B43" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
Terminalia ventral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="1D9D2F284BA7BCDAD7B03C07056DF96E" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
|
||||
Spermatheca with bursa copulatrix ventral view. Abbreviations:
|
||||
<emphasis id="56CD0CF4EBA1C8F3E6C8472CA23564F0" italics="true">b. c.</emphasis>
|
||||
, bursa copulatrix;
|
||||
<emphasis id="DADBAE62C6094B242E9A8D257BB0E667" italics="true">d. s.</emphasis>
|
||||
, distal section of spermatheca; ect, ectoproct;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9E5A2F6BCC9AE99330D607DF4505522F" italics="true">fc</emphasis>
|
||||
, fertilisation canal;
|
||||
<emphasis id="C4925582F9352DC24CA7BBB363C4C7B8" italics="true">fcd</emphasis>
|
||||
, fertilisation canal duct;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B49B36464768B4E5229C21C0281317D3" italics="true">ga</emphasis>
|
||||
, gonapophysis;
|
||||
<emphasis id="DF2D9673D6DF16688DFD7D2CC643F0B8" italics="true">gc</emphasis>
|
||||
, gonocoxite;
|
||||
<emphasis id="232B74E60BBCA333746FE90A9E598DC7" italics="true">m. s</emphasis>
|
||||
., medial section of spermatheca;
|
||||
<emphasis id="2AF891B419BF795BD09BBB406E5746C0" italics="true">p. s</emphasis>
|
||||
., proximal section of spermatheca;
|
||||
<emphasis id="0B7665BFE566A671684C0499CDF30299" italics="true">d. s</emphasis>
|
||||
., distal section of spermatheca;
|
||||
<emphasis id="C8BD3E6E2049037DA36274E69CF6CD22" italics="true">s</emphasis>
|
||||
, sternite;
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6D013C6A4C7DE011F056CDB037B4A46" italics="true">t</emphasis>
|
||||
, tergite. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="20FEAB526A6CD5AD6EC4110BA24112BB" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="0482310FE352D72BF17E6C276B3D862F" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
); 0.2 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="21E4419AE78A6417336FBC497064F93A" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
); 1 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="31B8A569668898235D25DFB2408B87B0" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWBAG" type="Colour">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7DF228C1BB83BBDD49AA7E530C883A1E">
|
||||
<heading id="7BC920635E52D87EDEB2EF810D0B2945" reason="title">Colour.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1785147CC6C4678A1B02F21F1B6FC25E">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3C2843632A7C220F19A5088D6F8932CD" bold="true" italics="true">Head.</emphasis>
|
||||
Yellowish with a slightly reddish tinge that contrasts with yellow colour of prozona (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3D070C9320CC7E6EED3DD2C39A406BEA" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8D468BF9102952FEEBFC3445BF37D8BB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male. A. Head frontal view. The subantennal suture (sas) is curved outwards; B. Head and thorax in dorsal view. The epicranial sutures are comprised by the frontal sutures (fs) and the coronal suture (cs). A black transversal band runs along the pronatal groove over the maculae (mc) and the pronatal humps (ph). The horizontal dashed lines indicate the three areas of the prothorax, the prozona (p 1), the metazona (p 2) and the pronatal base (p 3); C. Lateral view on head, thorax and forelegs. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 2 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157628">2 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Vertex with dark brown uneven transversal band on posterior margin, band spreads from crest of vertex symmetrically to both sides without reaching eyes. Mouthparts same colour as head, except of black tips of mandibles (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8D956B1C0A1531FBF5DE042A32407335" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male. A. Head frontal view. The subantennal suture (sas) is curved outwards; B. Head and thorax in dorsal view. The epicranial sutures are comprised by the frontal sutures (fs) and the coronal suture (cs). A black transversal band runs along the pronatal groove over the maculae (mc) and the pronatal humps (ph). The horizontal dashed lines indicate the three areas of the prothorax, the prozona (p 1), the metazona (p 2) and the pronatal base (p 3); C. Lateral view on head, thorax and forelegs. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 2 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157628">2 A, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Antennae yellowish with a slightly reddish tinge.
|
||||
<emphasis id="73F02EF728286415730D44BEEC3C5BAA" bold="true" italics="true">Prothorax.</emphasis>
|
||||
Basic colour yellow. Prozona lighter than metazona (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1C53A89EC47DB551F567516A3752D133" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Dorsolateral, a black transversal band appears over maculae, pronatal groove and pronatal humps. Band comprised by laterally connected black spots over maculae and pronatal humps (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C64E0770E2B9A812F8B56AF7260B7784" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D1397AE20D217802642BC2ADF1DC440A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male. A. Head frontal view. The subantennal suture (sas) is curved outwards; B. Head and thorax in dorsal view. The epicranial sutures are comprised by the frontal sutures (fs) and the coronal suture (cs). A black transversal band runs along the pronatal groove over the maculae (mc) and the pronatal humps (ph). The horizontal dashed lines indicate the three areas of the prothorax, the prozona (p 1), the metazona (p 2) and the pronatal base (p 3); C. Lateral view on head, thorax and forelegs. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 2 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157628">2 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F40FAA131AD9993A778FD1A2614CBFF7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Euclimacia radioquaesentis prothorax of both sexes in lateral view. A. Male. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) distinctly protruding. The black marking on the pronatal hump and the black marking on the macula are connected; B. Female. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) barely protrudes. Dark marking on pronatal hump faintly present and not interfering with the black mark of the macula. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157629">3 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Spots on pronatal humps do not converge centrally (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C934D1A13F372D4D4D0784A62175D4EA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male. A. Head frontal view. The subantennal suture (sas) is curved outwards; B. Head and thorax in dorsal view. The epicranial sutures are comprised by the frontal sutures (fs) and the coronal suture (cs). A black transversal band runs along the pronatal groove over the maculae (mc) and the pronatal humps (ph). The horizontal dashed lines indicate the three areas of the prothorax, the prozona (p 1), the metazona (p 2) and the pronatal base (p 3); C. Lateral view on head, thorax and forelegs. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 2 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157628">2 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Female: Only hinted black marks on pronatal humps. Black spot over maculae as in male (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="039F89957C6C6F49F159DAAF41663BC8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Euclimacia radioquaesentis prothorax of both sexes in lateral view. A. Male. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) distinctly protruding. The black marking on the pronatal hump and the black marking on the macula are connected; B. Female. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) barely protrudes. Dark marking on pronatal hump faintly present and not interfering with the black mark of the macula. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157629">3 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Black spots over maculae and pronatal humps not connected laterally (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9536D3981B4B751359F026F20FE47B04" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Euclimacia radioquaesentis prothorax of both sexes in lateral view. A. Male. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) distinctly protruding. The black marking on the pronatal hump and the black marking on the macula are connected; B. Female. Pronatal hump (white arrowhead) barely protrudes. Dark marking on pronatal hump faintly present and not interfering with the black mark of the macula. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157629">3 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis id="194EB455CFEC7D1F5DB63E39D26F41EF" bold="true" italics="true">Meso- and metathorax.</emphasis>
|
||||
Uniformly black.
|
||||
<emphasis id="7460395E6A31A37F0EA8222C2FBCD661" bold="true" italics="true">Foreleg.</emphasis>
|
||||
Coxa and separation ring black with small yellow area distally (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A0E1C5E39CF11DAC753F784B0CF0D3D5" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Euclimacia radioquaesentis male. A. Head frontal view. The subantennal suture (sas) is curved outwards; B. Head and thorax in dorsal view. The epicranial sutures are comprised by the frontal sutures (fs) and the coronal suture (cs). A black transversal band runs along the pronatal groove over the maculae (mc) and the pronatal humps (ph). The horizontal dashed lines indicate the three areas of the prothorax, the prozona (p 1), the metazona (p 2) and the pronatal base (p 3); C. Lateral view on head, thorax and forelegs. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 2 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157628">2 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Trochanter yellowish-brown with a red tinge. Ventral lower margin of femur light brown to yellowish. Tibia and tarsus light brown to yellowish.
|
||||
<emphasis id="4E6F83C33DCB06934EFD7B8891F5B02E" bold="true" italics="true">Mid- and hind-leg.</emphasis>
|
||||
Coxae and trochanters black. Femora black, very distal part brownish. Tibiae and tarsi reddish-brown with a small black spot dorsally in the proximal third.
|
||||
<emphasis id="8FA66B294F61AB3C9703F37724EE6037" bold="true" italics="true">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||||
Basic colour black. Anterior area of second pleurite yellowish, tergites with pale marking medially on posterior margin (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1CC33AD5B7E730308AE5E01F0377A6D4" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), sternite VIII with orange-brown longitudinal stripe medially. Tergite X (ectroproct) reddish-brown. Female abdomen orange-brown (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A4200BDD384ABD28B33552F3F329961A" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Tergite I black, tergite II black with posterior margin orange-brown, tergite III orange-brown with anterior margin black (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5C499101C3AFD048A6697F3A8E03FA66" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Sternite I – III black, sternite IV –
|
||||
<collectionCode id="CECB32E175A48D391FBC4CD1EF93D69A" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
|
||||
black with posterior margin orange-brown.
|
||||
<emphasis id="824501E8C4927288ADE95E966FE383A2" bold="true" italics="true">Fore-wing.</emphasis>
|
||||
Brown anterior wing band, oblique brown band runs over 3 M, not reaching posterior margin of wing (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="479F507C642F816C444F21FCCC35DADE" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Oblique apical dark band at posterior wing margin, comprises branches from first and second proximal radial veins originating from
|
||||
<emphasis id="C8C96B06BF415CF4D89A0D1A0AD9BCE3" italics="true">rarp 3</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="428AF304979610521215E62A8A3CAF66" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Central area of wing and 1 CuA hyaline. Posterior margin of wing pale light brown. Pterostigma light yellow. Wing veining predominantly brown, veins of pterostigma and anterior radial cell II (
|
||||
<emphasis id="7D13DE55C66E0F5BA2E46B14DD83D100" italics="true">rarp 2</emphasis>
|
||||
), veins adjacent of
|
||||
<emphasis id="4F9F09CF458DE156DE556B4A232E9DF5" italics="true">rarp 2</emphasis>
|
||||
and distal part of veins of
|
||||
<emphasis id="490441EC495A17DAD404833635D4F867" italics="true">rarp 1</emphasis>
|
||||
yellow (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="36EF00BBC979EC12CF4BFD4030E031DD" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Female with 3 M reaching posterior wing margin (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E623C688D42A538C4CEB37BBFBFE142E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Oblique apical dark band at posterior wing margin, comprises branches from last three distal radial veins originating from
|
||||
<emphasis id="47F29A7126EBAFEDB6DA3B4AC8EE1AB5" italics="true">rarp 2</emphasis>
|
||||
and first and second proximal radial veins originating from
|
||||
<emphasis id="36B1E2B5D979253768B25EE09AA21724" italics="true">rarp 3</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C439DA6065EB3CF09DC00C1038715001" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior wing margin distinctly darker pigmented than in male.
|
||||
<emphasis id="D2E2AF11AF5B426B8FD7DF42B26A47AE" bold="true" italics="true">Hind-wing.</emphasis>
|
||||
Brown anterior wing band, hyaline median stripe and lower pale brownish margin. Pterostigma brown with proximal part of underlying subcosta yellow. Veins of
|
||||
<emphasis id="A941D0486B774B8892A0AABFF08153F4" italics="true">rarp 2</emphasis>
|
||||
slightly yellowish, remaining veins brown (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A7E624999274D409298B6396FD3448AF" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Female with posterior wing margin distinctly darker pigmented than in male (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F749687AF9A59219CA4B1A1DBF76CB18" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Euclimacia radioquaesentis sp. nov. male holotype and female paratype with distribution map. A. Habitus dorsal holotype male. Insert shows asymmetrical bifurcation between left and right costal area of fore-wings. Antecostal sutures (acs) and glabrous marks (gm) visible. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band; B. Localities (red rhombus) in Vietnam of the radioquaesentis type series. The number in the rhombus symbol indicates the count of specimens in this locality; C. Female paratype radioquaesentis dorsal view. The two black lines on the margin of the wing apex of the right fore-wing indicate the width of the oblique apical dark band. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.123553.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1157627">1 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
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Reference in a new issue