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<document id="DB514270006DC37CFFD6818F4AC077FF" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.252.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13676683" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725409010868" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Chen, Jie, Parra, Luis A., Kesel, André De, Khalid, Abdul N., Qasim, Tayyaba, Ashraf, Aisha, Bahkali, Ali H., Hyde, Kevin D., Zhao, Ruilin &amp; Callac, Philippe" docDate="2016" docId="F15E8793FFE6C26465D9F8BAFD8EFC03" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.252.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 252 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Agaricus punjabensis T. Qasim, A. Ashraf &amp; A. N. Khalid 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="0D67FFEBFFE1C26D6551FF9FFFA2FFAE" masterDocTitle="Inter- and intra-specific diversity in Agaricus endoxanthus and allied species reveals a new taxon, A. punjabensis" masterLastPageNumber="16" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1725428632458" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="03DD8EAEE80809995A3EAA10ADF4A272">Inter- and intra-specific diversity in Agaricus endoxanthus and allied species reveals a new taxon, A. punjabensis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BD8296073F006106892DCCA89E5A7723">Chen, Jie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AA7366C9832A3B7B7F8EB613BA0CF2B2">State Key laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand &amp; INRA-UR 1264, Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments, CS 20032, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon cedex, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="09F0E3704A684816C2A1619575AB2EC0">Parra, Luis A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6ED292143784908AA5D59DFA0E5AFAB6">Avda. Padre Claret 7, 5 ° G, 09400 Aranda de Duero, Burgos, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="53256E673858ED87808BC75C0B63E4FA">Kesel, André De</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="314B0A7792CDE3B79FA1257339C4CFBD">Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="42A70F77DEC12C86628B0240351E94EB">Khalid, Abdul N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E414B71C9A7B8BB3032840C2EDD05343">Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="77D910525133147C47F553B72DBD12C9">Qasim, Tayyaba</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="84D058493869BF058F2E89889A29FD6C">Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9F0DFADB2F64733750486B4343E3D9E8">Ashraf, Aisha</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3D8FF98CE60E569BD47B794536234B9D">Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="55E934AD014E14055A6ADDB96DFCD3DE">Bahkali, Ali H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AD30B6100AA0BBFF0744E093493F108F">Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D1E683EF9256B9D32B2DBAE121CA1F0A">Hyde, Kevin D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4D38F42000F0EB91F64CBF4587FE725C">Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand &amp; Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="89741E4621C1566667B656D806883A45">Zhao, Ruilin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="743CC1ED2AD9B0AE5DD3D849112A9EF0">State Key laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6403496F7FDE1AB285C30DF716F53939">Callac, Philippe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8C84D49F6A6CB096BD802C29DE81AA17">INRA-UR 1264, Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments, CS 20032, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon cedex, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="6EAC29133B537CD897ED80EA653FEB5A">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4A2D6ECA621A4A36C606A1829CFE5809">
<mods:date id="FE31CF3164B06A48DAFF81E664B8CF99">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D15A5852498E2F9B7C62CE5A5A86C19F" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="02F5670D2F4C51B6AF8A8A0B410EE3C5">252</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="437BD54063382F4764E0B6A63D3FF9B0">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="2D63DDCCB58D3FAF21197ADA8C086FEE">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CA89199AFE646741616A17C0818FF33B" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.252.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5F73EED2B08366A4B8CA6A70CFC0FBA8" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F15E8793FFE6C26465D9F8BAFD8EFC03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F15E8793FFE6C26465D9F8BAFD8EFC03" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F15E8793FFE6C26465D9F8BAFD8EFC03" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection id="31ED650EFFE6C26A65D9F8BAFCAAF8CC" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="79483685FFE6C26A65D9F8BAFC1CF890" blockId="7.[136,958,1829,1854]" box="[136,958,1829,1854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="220081E9FFE6C26A65D9F8BAFC1CF890" box="[136,958,1829,1854]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE6C26A65D9F8BAFCB4F890" ID-CoL="5TNT2" authority="T. Qasim, A. Ashraf &amp; A.N. Khalid" authorityName="T. Qasim, A. Ashraf &amp; A. N. Khalid" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,790,1829,1854]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="punjabensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE6C26A65D9F8BAFE23F890" bold="true" box="[136,385,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Agaricus punjabensis</emphasis>
T. Qasim, A. Ashraf &amp; A.N. Khalid
</taxonomicName>
,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="50B057ECFFE6C26A6673F8BAFCD5F890" box="[802,887,1829,1854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="E1CC2A00FFE6C26A662CF8BAFC1CF890" box="[893,958,1829,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1485,1506]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[151,1436,190,1460]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Agaricus punjabensis (holotype). a–b. Sporocarps in situ. c. Basidia. d. Basidiospores. e. Cheilocystidia. f. Pileipellis. Scale bars: a–b = 1 cm; c, e = 5 μm; d = 2 μm; f = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13676697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13676697/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE6C26A65D9F8D6FCAAF8CC" blockId="7.[136,776,1865,1890]" box="[136,776,1865,1890]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">MycoBank MB 814981 Facesoffungi number FoF 01628</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="31ED650EFFE6C26465D9F80EFD8EFC03" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="79483685FFE6C26A65D9F80EFB02F804" blockId="7.[136,1452,1937,2070]" box="[136,1184,1937,1962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE6C26A65D9F80EFEA2F804" box="[136,256,1937,1962]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology</emphasis>
:—refers to the
<collectingRegion id="BB33F867FFE6C26A64E1F80EFDA3F804" box="[432,513,1937,1962]" country="Pakistan" name="Punjab" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Punjab</collectingRegion>
, the region where the
<typeStatus id="A64C8827FFE6C26A67A8F80EFCF9F804" box="[761,859,1937,1962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of the species was collected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE6C26A65ECF82AFD91F7B8" blockId="7.[136,1452,1937,2070]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis:—this species is characterized by a dark, greyish brown, fibrillose pileus, more or less concolorous or slightly paler stipe, spores with an average size of 4.5 × 3.2 μm, small-sized cheilocystidia and pileipellis elements containing brownish, diffuse pigment.</paragraph>
<caption id="2D88660DFFE9C26565D9FA52FDD9F9A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13676697" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13676697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13676697/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[136,229,1485,1506]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1414]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="79483685FFE9C26565D9FA52FDD9F9A8" blockId="8.[136,1451,1485,1542]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C26565D9FA52FF5CFA4C" bold="true" box="[136,254,1485,1506]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE9C2656455FA52FE76FA4C" authorityName="T. Qasim, A. Ashraf &amp; A. N. Khalid" authorityYear="2016" box="[260,468,1485,1506]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="punjabensis">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C2656455FA52FE76FA4C" box="[260,468,1485,1506]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Agaricus punjabensis</emphasis>
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(holotype). a–b. Sporocarps
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C26567BAFA52FC85FA4C" box="[747,807,1485,1506]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">in situ</emphasis>
. c. Basidia. d. Basidiospores. e. Cheilocystidia. f. Pileipellis. Scale bars: a–b = 1 cm; c, e = 5 μm; d = 2 μm; f = 20 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE9C26565ECF9A9FD9EF8C1" blockId="8.[136,1452,1590,2083]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C26565ECF9A9FEA1F9E1" box="[189,259,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pileus</emphasis>
<quantity id="BE0F9B60FFE9C265645BF9A9FED6F9E1" box="[266,372,1590,1615]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="cm" value="5.8" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="5.0">5–6.6 cm</quantity>
, hemispherical when young, becoming plano-convex at maturity, slightly umbonate; surface dry, uniformly covered with innate, dark greyish brown appressed fibrils, becoming radially fibrillose, splitting radially upon expansion or partially cracking into small, appressed, dark brownish grey scales on a white background. Margin entire, and often appendiculate with veil remnants from the annulus, fissile at maturity.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C265613FF93DFB74F915" box="[1134,1238,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lamellae</emphasis>
free and crowded, moderately thick, broad, with intercalated lamellulae, pinkish, becoming dark brown with age.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C26561A3F959FA88F971" box="[1266,1322,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Stipe</emphasis>
<quantity id="BE0F9B60FFE9C2656066F959FA05F971" box="[1335,1447,1734,1759]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" metricValueMax="8.6" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="cm" value="7.8" valueMax="8.6" valueMin="7.0">7–8.6 cm</quantity>
, cylindrical, surface smooth, dark greyish brown at the base, light brown up to the annulus, white above the annulus.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C26565D9F891FF46F889" box="[136,228,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Annulus</emphasis>
superior, membranous, double, upper side smooth, lower side with scales arranged into a cogwheel, the tip of each cog showing a linear, arc-shaped scale concolorous with the pileus.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C2656685F8ADFBBFF8E5" box="[980,1053,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Odour</emphasis>
not recorded.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C26561EFF8ADFAB7F8E5" box="[1214,1301,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Context</emphasis>
thick, fleshy, discolouration by cutting not recorded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE9C26565ECF8E5FB73F78D" blockId="8.[136,1452,1590,2083]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C26565ECF8E5FEF9F83D" box="[189,347,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Basidiospores</emphasis>
(3.5–)4.2–4.7(–5) × (2.5–)2.6–3(–3.5) μm, [x = 4.5 × 3.2 μm, Q = 1.4–1.43, Qm = 1.41, n = 60], ellipsoid, smooth, dark brown, thick-walled, apiculus present.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C2656603F801FC0AF819" box="[850,936,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Basidia</emphasis>
(11.8–)13–17.7(–18.8) × (4.5–)4.9–6.1(–6.8) μm, hyaline, thin walled, smooth, 4-spored, rarely 2-spored.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C2656611F85DFC40F875" box="[832,994,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
(9–)10.6–11.3(–11.8) × (4–)4.5–6.2(–7) μm, hyaline, moderately thin walled, smooth, sub-clavate to sphaeropedunculate.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C2656174F879FB65F851" box="[1061,1223,2022,2047]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pleurocystidia</emphasis>
absent.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE9C2656074F879FA35F851" box="[1317,1431,2022,2047]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pileipellis</emphasis>
a cutis composed of hyphae, 6–17 μm wide, containing brown diffused pigment, smooth, branched.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465ECFF3FFA2BFF17" blockId="9.[136,1452,160,941]" box="[189,1417,160,185]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465ECFF3FFEB1FF17" box="[189,275,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Habitat</emphasis>
:—Saprotrophic, solitary or in pairs, on nutrient-rich loamy soil under planted angiosperm vegetation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465ECFF5BFD56FEAF" blockId="9.[136,1452,160,941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465ECFF5BFF53FF73" box="[189,241,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="01E07615FFE8C2646443FF5BFE3DFF73" box="[274,415,196,221]" name="Pakistan" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">PAKISTAN</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="BB33F867FFE8C26464FCFF5BFE5CFF73" box="[429,510,196,221]" country="Pakistan" name="Punjab" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Punjab</collectingRegion>
, University of the
<collectingRegion id="BB33F867FFE8C264678FFF5BFC8DFF73" box="[734,815,196,221]" country="Pakistan" name="Punjab" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Punjab</collectingRegion>
, Lahore, alt.
<quantity id="BE0F9B60FFE8C264669CFF5BFBB8FF73" box="[973,1050,196,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="217.0">217 m</quantity>
,
<date id="0D491045FFE8C264617BFF5BFAADFF73" box="[1066,1295,196,221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2014-09-20">20 September 2014</date>
, collectors T. Qasim &amp; A.N. Khalid A4 (
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26464E4FF77FDBEFEAF" bold="true" box="[437,540,232,257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="A64C8827FFE8C26464E4FF77FDBEFEAF" box="[437,540,232,257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
, LAH 10192014!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465ECFE93FCFFFEE7" blockId="9.[136,1452,160,941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465ECFE93FDB9FE8B" box="[189,539,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="01E07615FFE8C264676AFE93FD6AFE8B" box="[571,712,268,293]" name="Pakistan" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">PAKISTAN</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="BB33F867FFE8C2646781FE93FC83FE8B" box="[720,801,268,293]" country="Pakistan" name="Punjab" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Punjab</collectingRegion>
, University of the
<collectingRegion id="BB33F867FFE8C26466B6FE93FB9AFE8B" box="[999,1080,268,293]" country="Pakistan" name="Punjab" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Punjab</collectingRegion>
, Lahore, alt.
<quantity id="BE0F9B60FFE8C2646192FE93FAA8FE8B" box="[1219,1290,268,293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="217.0">217 m</quantity>
,
<date id="0D491045FFE8C2646042FE93FF61FEE7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2014-09-20">20 September 2014</date>
, collectors A.N. Khalid &amp; T. Qasim, A5 (LAH 10202014!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465ECFECBFD9AFDC7" blockId="9.[136,1452,160,941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465ECFECBFF5FFEC3" box="[189,253,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Notes</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C2646470FECBFDB9FEC3" box="[289,539,340,365]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="endoxanthus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646470FECBFDB9FEC3" box="[289,539,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Agaricus endoxanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is highly similar to
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C26467ACFECBFC01FEC3" authorityName="T. Qasim, A. Ashraf &amp; A. N. Khalid" authorityYear="2016" box="[765,931,340,365]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="punjabensis">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26467ACFECBFC01FEC3" box="[765,931,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. punjabensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a dark coloured pileus, fibrillose or radially cracked, and brownish coloured stipe base. However,
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C2646618FEE7FC55FE3F" box="[841,1015,376,401]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="endoxanthus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646618FEE7FC55FE3F" box="[841,1015,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. endoxanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by its larger basidiospores (5.2 × 3.3 μm on average), larger cheilocystidia (14–26 × 10–17 μm), and pileipellis hyphae containing both diffused and vacuolar pigments (
<bibRefCitation id="1D664B74FFE8C264643DFE5FFE52FE77" author="Parra, L. A." box="[364,496,448,473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref10649" refString="Parra, L. A. (2013) Agaricus L. Allopsalliota, Nauta &amp; Bas. Fungi Europaei 1 A. Candusso Edizioni s. a. s. Alassio, Italy." type="journal volume" year="2013">Parra 2013</bibRefCitation>
). According to the phylogenetic analyses,
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C264668FFE5FFB25FE77" authorityName="T. Qasim, A. Ashraf &amp; A. N. Khalid" authorityYear="2016" box="[990,1159,448,473]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="punjabensis">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C264668FFE5FFB25FE77" box="[990,1159,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. punjabensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
formed a well-supported subclade with
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C264647DFE7BFE78FE53" box="[300,474,484,509]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="endoxanthus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C264647DFE7BFE78FE53" box="[300,474,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. endoxanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C2646740FE7BFD64FE53" box="[529,710,484,509]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="xanthosarcus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646740FE7BFD64FE53" box="[529,710,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. xanthosarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the clade Xan III of section
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C264617BFE7BFB7CFE53" box="[1066,1246,484,509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="section" section="Xanthodermatei">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C264617BFE7BFB7CFE53" box="[1066,1246,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xanthodermatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E1CC2A00FFE8C26461BFFE7BFA92FE53" box="[1262,1328,484,509]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1663,1684]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,203,1626]" captionTargetId="figure-18@2.[151,1436,190,1639]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogram of Agaricus section Xanthodermatei drawn from ITS1+2 sequence data belonging to 32 taxa (52 specimens) of section Xanthodermatei and two species of section Bivelares used as the outgroup taxa. The bootstrap support values greater than 50% are indicated above or below the nodes (ML/MP), and branches with Bayesian posterior probability greater than 0.95 are given in bold. The three major clades, Xan I, Xan II and Xan III are indicated. New sequences are annotated in blue and new species are in bold. T = Type specimen. * identified as A. rotalis by Peterson et al. (2000), DEH1114 is a paratype of this taxon. ** identified as A. moelleri by Didukh et al. (2005), misidentification (see text)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13676685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13676685/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The new species differs at 11 positions from
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C2646775FD97FD7BFD8F" box="[548,729,520,545]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="xanthosarcus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646775FD97FD97FD8F" box="[548,565,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646714FD97FD7BFD8F" box="[581,729,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">xanthosarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and at eight positions from
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C2646170FD97FB72FD8F" box="[1057,1232,520,545]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="endoxanthus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646170FD97FB72FD8F" box="[1057,1232,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. endoxanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Among the whole section
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C26465B0FDB3FE37FDEB" box="[225,405,556,581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="section" section="Xanthodermatei">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465B0FDB3FE37FDEB" box="[225,405,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xanthodermatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C26464F4FDB3FDEFFDEB" authorityName="T. Qasim, A. Ashraf &amp; A. N. Khalid" authorityYear="2016" box="[421,589,556,581]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="punjabensis">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26464F4FDB3FE14FDEB" box="[421,438,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646496FDB3FDEFFDEB" box="[455,589,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">punjabensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses two species-specific characters, one insertion tcct[A]gtca @ 208 and one substitution agctCctaa @ 623.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465ECFDEBFD8EFC03" blockId="9.[136,1452,160,941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Several other members of section
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C2646764FDEBFD4BFD23" box="[565,745,628,653]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="section" section="Xanthodermatei">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646764FDEBFD4BFD23" box="[565,745,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xanthodermatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
show a dark greyish pileus, but they can be easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C2646594FD07FECBFD1F" authorityName="T. Qasim, A. Ashraf &amp; A. N. Khalid" authorityYear="2016" box="[197,361,664,689]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="punjabensis">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646594FD07FECBFD1F" box="[197,361,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. punjabensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following characters:
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C26467FDFD07FC85FD1F" authorityName="Wasser" authorityYear="1976" box="[684,807,664,689]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="moelleri">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26467FDFD07FC85FD1F" box="[684,807,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. moelleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in its white stipe surface both above and below the annulus, larger basidiospores (5.8 × 3.7 μm on average) and larger clavate, pyriform, globose or sphaeropedunculate cheilocystidia (10–28 × 7–20 μm;
<bibRefCitation id="1D664B74FFE8C264674AFD7FFD3FFD57" author="Parra, L. A." box="[539,669,736,761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref10649" refString="Parra, L. A. (2013) Agaricus L. Allopsalliota, Nauta &amp; Bas. Fungi Europaei 1 A. Candusso Edizioni s. a. s. Alassio, Italy." type="journal volume" year="2013">Parra 2013</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C26467E2FD7FFB4CFD57" authority="Guinb. &amp; L. A. Parra (2013: 109)" authorityName="Guinb. &amp; L. A. Parra" authorityPageNumber="109" authorityYear="2013" box="[691,1262,736,761]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="moelleroides">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26467E2FD7FFCC7FD57" box="[691,869,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. moelleroides</emphasis>
Guinb. &amp; L.A.
<bibRefCitation id="1D664B74FFE8C2646172FD7FFB4CFD57" author="Parra, L. A." box="[1059,1262,736,761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref10649" refString="Parra, L. A. (2013) Agaricus L. Allopsalliota, Nauta &amp; Bas. Fungi Europaei 1 A. Candusso Edizioni s. a. s. Alassio, Italy." type="journal volume" year="2013">Parra (2013: 109)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
which is highly similar to
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C26465ADFC9BFED8FCB3" authorityName="Wasser" authorityYear="1976" box="[252,378,772,797]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="moelleri">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465ADFC9BFED8FCB3" box="[252,378,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. moelleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but different in its white stipe surface both above and below the annulus, larger basidiospores (5.57 × 3.47 μm on average) and larger cheilocystidia (10–28 × 8–17 μm);
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C2646153FCB7FB3AFCEF" authorityName="ADK" authorityYear="2566" box="[1026,1176,808,833]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="volvatulus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646153FCB7FB3AFCEF" box="[1026,1176,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. volvatulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C2646184FCB7FEF8FCCB" authority="Heinem. (1971: 6)" authorityName="Heinem." authorityPageNumber="6" authorityYear="1971" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="microvolvatulus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646184FCB7FA09FCEF" box="[1237,1451,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. microvolvatulus</emphasis>
Heinem. (1971: 6)
</taxonomicName>
both have a distinctly marginate bulbous stipe base (
<bibRefCitation id="1D664B74FFE8C26466EAFCD3FB20FCCB" author="Heinemann, P." box="[955,1154,844,869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref9726" refString="Heinemann, P. (1956) Champignons recoltes au Congo Belge par Mme. M. Goossens-Fontana, II. Agaricus Fr. s. s. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles 26 (1): 1 - 127. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3667096" type="journal article" year="1956">Heinemann 1956</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1D664B74FFE8C26461C1FCD3FA3DFCCB" author="Thongklang, N. &amp; Nawaz, R. &amp; Khalid, A. N. &amp; Chen, J. &amp; Hyde, K. D. &amp; Zhao, R. &amp; Parra, L. A. &amp; Hanif, M. &amp; Moinard, M. &amp; Callac, P." box="[1168,1439,844,869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1220 - 1232" refId="ref11237" refString="Thongklang, N., Nawaz, R., Khalid, A. N., Chen, J., Hyde, K. D., Zhao, R., Parra, L. A., Hanif, M., Moinard, M. &amp; Callac, P. (2014) Morphological and molecular characterization of three Agaricus species from tropical Asia (Pakistan, Thailand) reveals a new group in section Xanthodermatei. Mycologia 106: 1220 - 1232. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3852 / 14 - 076" type="journal article" year="2014">
Thongklang
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C264604EFCD3FAF8FCCB" box="[1311,1370,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C26465D9FCEFFE9EFC27" box="[136,316,880,905]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="xanthosarcus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465D9FCEFFE9EFC27" box="[136,316,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. xanthosarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in its larger, brownish cheilocystidia (21–35 × 12–19 μm), and pileipellis hyphae containing vacuolar pigment (
<bibRefCitation id="1D664B74FFE8C264640BFC0BFD82FC03" author="Heinemann, P." box="[346,544,916,941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 127" refId="ref9726" refString="Heinemann, P. (1956) Champignons recoltes au Congo Belge par Mme. M. Goossens-Fontana, II. Agaricus Fr. s. s. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles 26 (1): 1 - 127. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3667096" type="journal article" year="1956">Heinemann 1956</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

217
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@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
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<mods:namePart id="784F89FA6C8F3E695FDF548CA1DBE4E4">Chen, Jie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6227D4E2DC2B8CB7EE770432B32581B5">Khalid, Abdul N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="37DA8829894819F08A98BE588058C562">Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="03C53928E37512E1F1ADCBCDF475353E">Qasim, Tayyaba</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="704EDEEB0FAEF56CAFE25E60C118644F">Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A4739A54D1215BE47587EA857BE49919" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FEBFAD112D45098A7D140E90D1FD49FA">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D4BA32DAA525C08B730FF0F1221EFC81">Ashraf, Aisha</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="118B5C38EF0B1972357A555F0BBD849A">Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="18F384C94EAAEDA7BED42C2C1449C586" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D953C8DE39A9F1B5F553093206B2C536">
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<mods:namePart id="0170D664057D30D4885A426D6A9A4293">Bahkali, Ali H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AAE68D1178C5288F4904EF04A5E16E3D">Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B41CA64BEA28D8DA206E70463BD33839" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1637C3238B56C99C24884981C0AF2A20">
<mods:roleTerm id="84A92D12D0D4F125C6EDB1329FF75584">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AE72C562BAAA4689DB262F2A70E221B1">Hyde, Kevin D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F6BEE3BC02E85C5D9C0729AA158EBB98">Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand &amp; Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D6ED3AD2C8DBE72AC051CBF296DF97E5" type="email">zhaorl@im.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9A421B1F980C565DD0F2C5F73B48AE93" type="personal">
<mods:role id="29BE9534BA4811841D86E23F2AE8F686">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DA77D17EAD57B5054AB5EDBA847F3390">Zhao, Ruilin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="724F0F6588109740B5BE22CAD26FF018">State Key laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="80037A9E67FA3235FC18D9AF6FBF863C" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="196CFF162010F04455E64575A12CBD25">Callac, Philippe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4B490DEBE319AE4B1A5E25E91D16E3F6">INRA-UR 1264, Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments, CS 20032, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon cedex, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4AD4327B321959CAD963DC31266856B9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="0D426D152ECD2B7E7DD96A78C98E9611">
<mods:title id="3F2EDA390F8EC396E0469E966F31C049">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CB4BE76C1D6FCD346E8B12D50D7B5C3B">
<mods:date id="0322A2479D0F52D1F4082668B9E41E6B">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3A052652E0F0658AF9887506B569C202" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="94A68B0C5C67A02CA0110FDB5E9B3A02">2016-03-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="8BAF17B1A4548068C8EFDC7B8CD166ED" type="volume">
<mods:number id="20761C9409736A8C38375D44AB7CC1E1">252</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E0FC332260578F7421055BFA18C2C577" type="issue">
<mods:number id="7EBAEEEF3B63779B552F8C8CBED6DBF2">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="EA0C3B635352A974243F43439BC6417C" unit="page">
<mods:start id="9A29BAE51B22BC7DCFE2C6C9EFA49894">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E7FC7D98846D2DA85E249BD61547E5D3">16</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="28514F0AC98A750D7C2665689E1247B7">
<mods:url id="8023AB68AB083017161E99CC25750622">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.252.1.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="4405261CEE4FAE7E43DD59F1751084A6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="11F0ACE31378D3D32B222DBBFEBC39E5" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.252.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BAEC9BBE28BC0A778372455565DA0D88" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8068074C59F9F82B794824B6CDAA65A7" type="Zenodo-Dep">13676683</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F15E8793FFE8C26465D9FC43FD6CF90F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F15E8793FFE8C26465D9FC43FD6CF90F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F15E8793FFE8C26465D9FC43FD6CF90F" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<subSubSection id="31ED650EFFE8C26465D9FC43FB20FA2F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465D9FC43FACAFC5B" blockId="9.[136,1384,988,1013]" box="[136,1384,988,1013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="220081E9FFE8C26465D9FC43FACAFC5B" box="[136,1384,988,1013]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="BEF74D06FFE8C26465D9FC43FDE4FC5B" ID-CoL="6624J" ID-ENA="1028349" authority="Heinem. &amp; Gooss." authorityName="Heinem. &amp; Gooss." box="[136,582,988,1013]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Agaricus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="volvatulus">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465D9FC43FECFFC5B" bold="true" box="[136,365,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Agaricus volvatulus</emphasis>
Heinem. &amp; Gooss.
</taxonomicName>
-Font. in Heinemann, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 26(1): 61 (1956)
<figureCitation id="E1CC2A00FFE8C2646076FC43FACAFC5B" box="[1319,1384,988,1013]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,190,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[166,1421,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Agaricus volvatulus. a–b. Overall structure (ADK2566). c. Strong yellow discolouration on stipe surface when bruised (ADK4266). d. Marginate bulbous stipe base (LAPAF5). e. Vacuolar pigment in pileipellis hyphae (ADK2566)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13676701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13676701/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465D9FBBBFB20FA2F" blockId="9.[136,1452,1060,1697]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465D9FBBBFF6CFB93" box="[136,206,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pileus</emphasis>
<quantity id="BE0F9B60FFE8C2646588FBBBFE92FB93" box="[217,304,1060,1085]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8–9 cm</quantity>
diam, at first hemispherical to parabolic, often truncated at the centre, then plano-convex, finally applanate; surface smooth, uniformly covered with innate, radially arranged, dark greyish to dark brownish grey fibrils, with pileus expansion, remaining radially fibrillose or splitting radially or partially cracking into small, appressed, dark brownish grey scales on a white background, with disc staying unbroken, and of a completely dark colour. Margin at first entire and often appendiculate with veil remnants from the annulus, then radially fissile.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C264605BFB2BFAD0FB63" box="[1290,1394,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lamellae</emphasis>
free, crowded, up to
<quantity id="BE0F9B60FFE8C2646466FB47FE36FB5F" box="[311,404,1240,1265]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
broad, with intercalated lamellulae, whitish at first, then pink, finally dark brown.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646065FB47FACEFB5F" box="[1332,1388,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Stipe</emphasis>
7–10 ×
<quantity id="BE0F9B60FFE8C26465F1FB63FEBDFABB" box="[160,287,1276,1301]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.9 cm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="BE0F9B60FFE8C2646461FB63FE39FABB" box="[304,411,1276,1301]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 cm</quantity>
at base), cylindrical with generally a marginate bulbous base, with numerous rhizomorphs, surface smooth and whitish both above and below the annulus with a strong yellow discolouration on rubbing.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C2646001FABFFA0EFA97" box="[1360,1452,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Annulus</emphasis>
superior, membranous, thick with well delimited margin, up to
<quantity id="BE0F9B60FFE8C2646618FADBFC36FAF3" box="[841,916,1348,1373]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
broad, upper side smooth, lower side fibrillosewoolly, white.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C264647FFAF7FE27FA2F" box="[302,389,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Context</emphasis>
white, strongly discolouring chrome yellow on stipe base when cut.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="31ED650EFFE8C26465ECFA13FD6CF90F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465ECFA13FB43F9BF" blockId="9.[136,1452,1060,1697]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465ECFA13FEF9FA0B" box="[189,347,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Basidiospores</emphasis>
(4.4–)4.5–5.7(–6.2) × (2.6–)2.9–3.2(–3.6) μm, [x = 5.1 × 3.1, Q = 1.45–1.73(–1.9), Qm = 1.62, n = 20], ellipsoid, smooth, brown, thick–walled.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26467EEFA2FFCB7FA67" box="[703,789,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Basidia</emphasis>
11–14 × 5.5–6.5 μm, clavate, hyaline, smooth, 4-spored.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465D9FA4BFE88FA43" box="[136,298,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
not observed or very rare and isolate.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C264678EFA4BFC23FA43" box="[735,897,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pleurocystidia</emphasis>
absent.
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26466B1FA4BFBF0FA43" box="[992,1106,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pileipellis</emphasis>
a cutis composed of short and very inflated elements of 8–17 μm wide, containing vacuolar pigments in big dark brown vacuoles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465ECF983FA0AF99B" blockId="9.[136,1452,1060,1697]" box="[189,1448,1564,1589]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465ECF983FEB1F99B" box="[189,275,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Habitat</emphasis>
:—solitary or in clusters on soil, near decomposing plant debris or soil covered with deep litter, in forest,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79483685FFE8C26465ECF9DFFD6CF90F" blockId="9.[136,1452,1060,1697]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="4B83EA97FFE8C26465ECF9DFFE0AF9F7" box="[189,424,1600,1625]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="C99F3CD8FFE8C264649BF9DFFA04F9F7" box="[458,1446,1600,1625]" collectingDate="1999-06-08" collectionCode="BR" collectorName="Andre De" country="Benin" location="Andre De Kesel" municipality="Niaouli" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Atlantique">
<collectingCountry id="01E07615FFE8C264649BF9DFFD87F9F7" box="[458,549,1600,1625]" name="Benin" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BÉNIN</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="BB33F867FFE8C2646761F9DFFD0BF9F7" box="[560,681,1600,1625]" country="Benin" name="Atlantique" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Atlantique</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="992CACFFFFE8C26467E7F9DFFCAFF9F7" box="[694,781,1600,1625]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Niaouli</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="0D491045FFE8C264664BF9DFFC0AF9F7" box="[794,936,1600,1625]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1999-06-08">
<collectingDate id="1D0DE9ADFFE8C264664BF9DFFC0AF9F7" box="[794,936,1600,1625]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1999-06-08">8 June 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
, collector
<location id="7C28605EFFE8C264614FF9DFFB7BF9F7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F15E8793FFE8C26465D9FC43FD6CF90F:7C28605EFFE8C264614FF9DFFB7BF9F7" box="[1054,1241,1600,1625]" country="Benin" municipality="Niaouli" name="Andre De Kesel" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Atlantique">
<collectorName id="D4025353FFE8C264614FF9DFFB2CF9F7" box="[1054,1166,1600,1625]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">André De</collectorName>
Kesel
</location>
, ADK2566 (
<collectionCode id="1FE6AE40FFE8C264603AF9DFFA3BF9F7" box="[1387,1433,1600,1625]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BR</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="C99F3CD8FFE8C26465D9F9FBFB3EF9D3" box="[136,1180,1636,1661]" collectingDate="2007-07-10" collectionCode="BR" collectorName="Andre De" country="Togo" county="Plateau Akposso" location="Andre De Kesel" municipality="Bena-Ola" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="01E07615FFE8C26465D9F9FBFF7BF9D3" box="[136,217,1636,1661]" name="Togo" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">TOGO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCounty id="90294E09FFE8C26465B3F9FBFE3CF9D3" box="[226,414,1636,1661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Plateau Akposso</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="992CACFFFFE8C26464F6F9FBFDB7F9D3" box="[423,533,1636,1661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Béna-Ola</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="0D491045FFE8C2646771F9FBFD13F9D3" box="[544,689,1636,1661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2007-07-10">
<collectingDate id="1D0DE9ADFFE8C2646771F9FBFD13F9D3" box="[544,689,1636,1661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2007-07-10">10 July 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, collector
<location id="7C28605EFFE8C2646670F9FBFC74F9D3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F15E8793FFE8C26465D9FC43FD6CF90F:7C28605EFFE8C2646670F9FBFC74F9D3" box="[801,982,1636,1661]" country="Togo" county="Plateau Akposso" municipality="Bena-Ola" name="Andre De Kesel" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<collectorName id="D4025353FFE8C2646670F9FBFC2FF9D3" box="[801,909,1636,1661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">André De</collectorName>
Kesel
</location>
, ADK4266 (
<collectionCode id="1FE6AE40FFE8C2646130F9FBFB2DF9D3" box="[1121,1167,1636,1661]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BR</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="C99F3CD8FFE8C26461F6F9FBFD68F90F" collectingDate="2010-05-13" collectionCode="LAPAF" collectorName="L. A. Parra" country="Togo" location="Imoussa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="LAPAF5" specimenCount="1">
<location id="7C28605EFFE8C26461F6F9FBFAA5F9D3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F15E8793FFE8C26465D9FC43FD6CF90F:7C28605EFFE8C26461F6F9FBFAA5F9D3" box="[1191,1287,1636,1661]" country="Togo" name="Imoussa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Imoussa</location>
, gallery forest,
<date id="0D491045FFE8C26465D9F917FE82F90F" box="[136,288,1672,1697]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2010-05-13">
<collectingDate id="1D0DE9ADFFE8C26465D9F917FE82F90F" box="[136,288,1672,1697]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2010-05-13">13 May 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, collector
<collectorName id="D4025353FFE8C26464C5F917FDAFF90F" box="[404,525,1672,1697]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">L.A. Parra</collectorName>
,
<specimenCode id="29519EFEFFE8C2646749F917FDD9F90F" box="[536,635,1672,1697]" collectionCode="LAPAF" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">LAPAF5</specimenCode>
(AH!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>