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<mods:title id="D91732E512DDF38DD4A1367FF9604535">Validation of the Chinese names Bischofia racemosa (Euphorbiaceae), Ulmus erythrocarpa and Ulmus multinervis (Ulmaceae)</mods:title>
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3.
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<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FF29F91521D104A3" bold="true" box="[165,409,1708,1735]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Ulmus erythrocarpa</emphasis>
W. C. Cheng ex Yi F. Duan &amp; X. R. Wang
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Type:—
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.
<collectingRegion id="52654EA0FFF2FF82FEBCF96D2134048D" box="[304,380,1748,1769]" country="China" name="Jiangsu" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Jiangsu</collectingRegion>
: Nanjing, Mingxiaoling,
<date id="E41FA682FFF2FF82FDFDF96D22A7048D" box="[625,751,1748,1769]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" value="1948-04-07">7 April 1948</date>
,
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.
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. Cheng 20047
</emphasis>
(
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NF-05501478!,
<typeStatus id="4F1A3EE0FFF2FF82FB4DF96D2558048D" box="[1217,1296,1748,1769]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
NF-05501470!, NF-05501477!, NF-05501479!, PE-00023037!)
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="4F1A3EE0FFF2FF82FF04F8A520A00555" box="[136,232,1820,1841]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:—
<collectingCountry id="E8B6C0D2FFF2FF82FE89F8A5211C0555" box="[261,340,1820,1841]" name="China" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
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:
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,
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,
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,
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.
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. Cheng 20044
</emphasis>
(NF-05501471!, NF-05501472!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="20C98A1FFFF2FF82FAABF8A522E40531" collectingDate="1948-10" collectionCode="C, W" country="China" location="Mingxiaoling" municipality="Nanjing" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jiangsu" typeStatus="paratype">
same locality,
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<collectingDate id="F45B5F6AFFF2FF82FF31F8F9210B0531" box="[189,323,1856,1877]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" value="1948-10">October 1948</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FEC1F8F921280531" box="[333,352,1856,1877]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FEE5F8F921360531" box="[361,382,1856,1877]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
. Cheng 15005
</emphasis>
(PE-00679415!)
</materialsCitation>
.
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Three gatherings,
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<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FECAF83F211305F9" box="[326,347,1926,1949]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FEE8F83F213305F9" box="[356,379,1926,1949]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
. Cheng 20047
</emphasis>
,
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<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FD91F83F227A05F9" box="[541,562,1926,1949]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FDB7F83F221A05F9" box="[571,594,1926,1949]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
. Cheng 15005
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and
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<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FC94F83F236505F9" box="[792,813,1926,1949]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FCBAF83F230505F9" box="[822,845,1926,1949]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
. Cheng 20044
</emphasis>
, were designated as
<typeStatus id="4F1A3EE0FFF2FF82FB37F83F24BB05F9" box="[1211,1267,1926,1949]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">types</typeStatus>
in the protologue (
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FF03F813215D05A5" author="Cheng, W. - C." box="[143,277,1962,1985]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="68 - 77" refId="ref973" refString="Cheng, W. - C. (1958) Chinese dendrology data - five Ulmus species. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University 1: 68 - 77." type="journal article" year="1958">Cheng 1958</bibRefCitation>
). The validating description and diagnosis were previously published by
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FB94F81324B705A5" author="Cheng, W. - C." box="[1048,1279,1962,1985]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="68 - 77" refId="ref973" refString="Cheng, W. - C. (1958) Chinese dendrology data - five Ulmus species. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University 1: 68 - 77." type="journal article" year="1958">Cheng (1958: 70–71)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FA84F81325E405A5" author="Fu, L. - G. &amp; Xin, Y. - Q. &amp; Whittemore, A." box="[1288,1452,1962,1985]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref1114" refString="Fu, L. - G., Xin, Y. - Q. &amp; Whittemore, A. (2003) Ulmus. In: Wu, Z. - Y., Raven, P. H. &amp; Hong, D. - Y. (Eds.) Flora of China 5. Science Press, Beijing &amp; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 1 - 9." type="book chapter" year="2003">
Fu
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FAA6F813251705A5" box="[1322,1375,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
treated it as a heterotypic synonym of
<taxonomicName id="57A1FBC1FFF2FF82FDACF87723EA0581" authority="Fang (1947: 22)" authorityName="Fang" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="1947" box="[544,930,1998,2021]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="szechuanica">
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FDACF87722A60581" box="[544,750,1998,2021]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Ulmus szechuanica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FD79F87723EA0581" author="Fang, W. - P." box="[757,930,1998,2021]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="22 - 25" refId="ref1058" refString="Fang, W. - P. (1947) Two new species of woody plants from Szechuan. In: Commemoration Commitee (Org.) Commemoration volume in commemoration of Dr. Fang Wen-Pei's ten years service in the National Szechwan University. Szechwan University, Chengdu, pp. 22 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1947">Fang (1947: 22)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in the Flora of
<collectingCountry id="E8B6C0D2FFF2FF82FBCAF87724C10581" box="[1094,1161,1998,2021]" name="China" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

158
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2.
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<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FF29FA9521CE0723" bold="true" box="[165,390,1324,1351]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Ulmus multinervis</emphasis>
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NF-05500874!,
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PE-00677957!)
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Two gatherings,
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. Cheng &amp;
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.
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, were designated as type in the protologue (
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.
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FD0AF99323670425" author="Fu, L. - G. &amp; Xin, Y. - Q. &amp; Whittemore, A." box="[646,815,1578,1601]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref1114" refString="Fu, L. - G., Xin, Y. - Q. &amp; Whittemore, A. (2003) Ulmus. In: Wu, Z. - Y., Raven, P. H. &amp; Hong, D. - Y. (Eds.) Flora of China 5. Science Press, Beijing &amp; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 1 - 9." type="book chapter" year="2003">
Fu
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FD26F99322A80425" box="[682,736,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
(2003)
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treated it as a heterotypic synonym of
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<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FB58F99325E40425" box="[1236,1452,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Ulmus castaneifolia</emphasis>
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in the Flora of
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: Nanjing, Xuanwuhu,
<date id="E41FA682FFF2FF82FDD6FC0D234901AD" box="[602,769,948,969]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" value="1951-10-28">28 October 1951</date>
,
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FC81FC0D23FF01AD" box="[781,951,948,969]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FC81FC0D236801AD" box="[781,800,948,969]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FCA7FC0D237201AD" box="[811,826,948,969]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">T</collectionCode>
. Yang 20578
</emphasis>
(
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NF-08300375!,
<typeStatus id="4F1A3EE0FFF2FF82FB4CFC0D254701AD" box="[1216,1295,948,969]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
NF-08300304!, NF-08300306!, NF-08300311!, NF-08300331!, NF-08300333!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="901E8042FFF2FF82FF04FC4525380651" blockId="0.[136,1452,908,1077]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<typeStatus id="4F1A3EE0FFF2FF82FF04FC4520A00675" box="[136,232,1020,1041]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:—
<collectingCountry id="E8B6C0D2FFF2FF82FE89FC45211C0675" box="[261,340,1020,1041]" name="China" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="52654EA0FFF2FF82FED0FC4521E00675" box="[348,424,1020,1041]" country="China" name="Jiangsu" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Jiangsu</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="707A1A38FFF2FF82FE3DFC4522490675" box="[433,513,1020,1041]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Nanjing</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
<date id="E41FA682FFF2FF82FD0CFC4522BE0675" box="[640,758,1020,1041]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" value="1951-05-06">
<collectingDate id="F45B5F6AFFF2FF82FD0CFC4522BE0675" box="[640,758,1020,1041]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" value="1951-05-06">6 May 1951</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FC91FC4523640675" box="[797,812,1020,1041]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">T</collectionCode>
. Yang 20394
</emphasis>
(NF-08300301!, NF-08300308!, NF-08300309!, NF-08300312!, NF-08300329!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="20C98A1FFFF2FF82FE59FB9925240651" box="[469,1388,1056,1077]" collectingDate="1956-05-15" collectionCode="C, T" country="China" location="Xuanwuhu" municipality="Nanjing" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jiangsu" typeStatus="paratype">
same locality,
<date id="E41FA682FFF2FF82FDD2FB9922A80651" box="[606,736,1056,1077]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" value="1956-05-15">
<collectingDate id="F45B5F6AFFF2FF82FDD2FB9922A80651" box="[606,736,1056,1077]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" value="1956-05-15">15 May 1956</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FD66FB9923C70651" box="[746,911,1056,1077]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FD66FB9922B50651" box="[746,765,1056,1077]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FC8AFB99235D0651" box="[774,789,1056,1077]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">T</collectionCode>
. Yang 21484
</emphasis>
(NF-08300307!, NF-08300338!, NF-08300339!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="901E8042FFF2FF82FF04FBDF2566068D" blockId="0.[136,1452,1126,1257]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
Three gatherings,
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FECAFBDF22FD0619" box="[326,693,1126,1149]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FECAFBDF21130619" box="[326,347,1126,1149]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FEEFFBDF213B0619" box="[355,371,1126,1149]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">T</collectionCode>
. Yang 20394,
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FD8FFBDF22500619" box="[515,536,1126,1149]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FDADFBDF22790619" box="[545,561,1126,1149]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">T</collectionCode>
. Yang 21484
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FD6AFBDF23D00619" box="[742,920,1126,1149]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FD6AFBDF22B30619" box="[742,763,1126,1149]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FC8FFBDF235B0619" box="[771,787,1126,1149]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">T</collectionCode>
. Yang 20578
</emphasis>
, were designated as type in the original protologue (
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FF03FB33211906C5" author="Cheng, W. - C. &amp; Chang, S. - Y. &amp; Hong, T. &amp; Chu, C. - D. &amp; Chao, C. - S." box="[143,337,1162,1185]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref1002" refString="Cheng, W. - C., Chang, S. - Y., Hong, T., Chu, C. - D. &amp; Chao, C. - S. (1963) Species novae et nomines emendata arborum utilium Chinae. Scientia Silvae 8: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1963">
Cheng
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FF51FB33215A06C5" box="[221,274,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
1963
</bibRefCitation>
). Here we designate one of the sheets of
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FC8CFB3323FD06C5" box="[768,949,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FC8CFB33235D06C5" box="[768,789,1162,1185]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="F6B01887FFF2FF82FC92FB33236606C5" box="[798,814,1162,1185]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">T</collectionCode>
. Yang 20578
</emphasis>
as the
<typeStatus id="4F1A3EE0FFF2FF82FC72FB33241706C5" box="[1022,1119,1162,1185]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. The validating description and diagnosis were previously published by Cheng &amp; Chu
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FD5CFB1722AD06A1" box="[720,741,1198,1221]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FD60FB1723AF06A1" author="Cheng, W. - C. &amp; Chang, S. - Y. &amp; Hong, T. &amp; Chu, C. - D. &amp; Chao, C. - S." box="[748,999,1198,1221]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref1002" refString="Cheng, W. - C., Chang, S. - Y., Hong, T., Chu, C. - D. &amp; Chao, C. - S. (1963) Species novae et nomines emendata arborum utilium Chinae. Scientia Silvae 8: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1963">
Cheng
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FCB4FB17232606A1" box="[824,878,1198,1221]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
(1963: 13)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FC7EFB17248D06A1" author="Li, B. - C. &amp; Gilbert, M. G." box="[1010,1221,1198,1221]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="217 - 218" refId="ref1292" refString="Li, B. - C. &amp; Gilbert, M. G. (2010) Bischofia. In: Wu, Z. - Y., Raven, P. H. &amp; Hong, D. - Y. (Eds.) Flora of China 11. Science Press, Beijing &amp; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 217 - 218." type="book chapter" year="2010">Li &amp; Gilbert (2010)</bibRefCitation>
treated the name as a heterotypic synonym of
<taxonomicName id="57A1FBC1FFF2FF82FE00FB6B240A068D" authority="(Leveille 1912: 296) Airy Shaw (1972: 271)" authorityName="Airy Shaw" authorityPageNumber="271" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Leveille" baseAuthorityPageNumber="296" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[396,1090,1234,1257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Bischofia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polycarpa">
<emphasis id="A2D55C50FFF2FF82FE00FB6B222B068D" box="[396,611,1234,1257]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Bischofia polycarpa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FDFDFB6B2376068D" author="Leveille, A. A. H." box="[625,830,1234,1257]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="295 - 307" refId="ref1248" refString="Leveille, A. A. H. (1912) Decades plantarum novarum, XCIII - C. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 11: 295 - 307. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 19120111613" type="journal article" year="1912">Léveillé 1912: 296</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="F430FDB3FFF2FF82FCC7FB6B240A068D" author="Airy Shaw, H. K." box="[843,1090,1234,1257]" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="271 - 272" refId="ref931" refString="Airy Shaw, H. K. (1972) Nomenclatural note on Bischofia racemosa Cheng &amp; Chu (Bischofiaceae). Kew Bulletin 27: 271 - 272. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 4109451" type="journal article" year="1972">Airy Shaw (1972: 271)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in the Flora of
<collectingCountry id="E8B6C0D2FFF2FF82FB6BFB6B2562068D" box="[1255,1322,1234,1257]" name="China" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

350
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,
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FB81FE79C592FE1D" box="[1144,1206,412,433]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="m" value="770.0">
<elevation id="1BB177171A76FFA4FB81FE79C592FE1D" box="[1144,1206,412,433]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="m" value="770.0">770 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="E422B6E41A76FFA4FB46FE79C476FE1D" box="[1215,1362,412,433]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" value="1992-03-27">
<collectingDate id="F4664F0C1A76FFA4FB46FE79C476FE1D" box="[1215,1362,412,433]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" value="1992-03-27">27 March 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FAA2FE79C1C5FE79" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<collectionCode id="F68D08E11A76FFA4FAA2FE79C44AFE1D" box="[1371,1390,412,433]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
. Hahn 351
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="4F272E861A76FFA4FF17FE25C060FE79" box="[238,324,448,469]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="F68D08E11A76FFA4FEB0FE25C05BFE79" box="[329,383,448,469]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14594" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14594" name="University of Pretoria" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" type="Herbarium">PRU</collectionCode>
!;
<typeStatus id="4F272E861A76FFA4FE74FE25C0F6FE79" box="[397,466,448,469]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="F68D08E11A76FFA4FE21FE25C328FE79" box="[472,524,448,469]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15282" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15282" name="Herbarium Soutpansbergensis" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" type="Herbarium">ZPB</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="902390241A76FFA4FF71FDE0C1C0FD5A" blockId="1.[136,1452,517,758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FF71FDE0C0ECFDB2" authorityName="N. Hahn" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,456,517,542]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montis-salinarum">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FF71FDE0C0ECFDB2" box="[136,456,517,542]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Senegalia montis-salinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FD55FDE0C230FDB2" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1846" box="[684,788,517,542]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burkei">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FD55FDE0C230FDB2" box="[684,788,517,542]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">S. burkei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in general morphology.
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FBCEFDE0C452FDB2" authorityName="N. Hahn" authorityYear="2016" box="[1079,1398,517,542]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montis-salinarum">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FBCEFDE0C452FDB2" box="[1079,1398,517,542]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Senegalia montis-salinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a multi-stemmed tree growing on mountain scree slopes whereas
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FCB2FDCCC28BFDEE" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1846" box="[843,943,553,578]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burkei">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FCB2FDCCC28BFDEE" box="[843,943,553,578]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">S. burkei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a single-stemmed savannah tree.
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FAC4FDCCC06AFDCA" authorityName="N. Hahn" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montis-salinarum">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FAC4FDCCC06AFDCA" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Senegalia montis-salinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has on average 7.3–10.0 leaflet pairs per pinna, pinna 6.0–7.6 ×
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FBE1FDA8C5BAFDCA" box="[1048,1182,589,614]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.2 mm</quantity>
in size opposed to those of
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FF5EFD94C02FFD26" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1846" box="[167,267,625,650]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burkei">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FF5EFD94C02FFD26" box="[167,267,625,650]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">S. burkei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 4.1–6.3 leaflet pairs per pinna, pinna 7.3–10.7 × 3.0–
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FC59FD94C2D2FD26" box="[928,1014,625,650]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
in size. The inflorescence spike length of
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FF5FFD70C0ACFD02" authorityName="N. Hahn" authorityYear="2016" box="[166,392,661,686]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montis-salinarum">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FF5FFD70C0ACFD02" box="[166,392,661,686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">S. montis-salinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is on average
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FDD0FD70C3E8FD02" box="[553,716,661,686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2299999999999995" metricValueMax="3.5700000000000003" metricValueMin="2.8899999999999997" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="32.3" valueMax="35.7" valueMin="28.9">28.9–35.7 mm</quantity>
long opposed to that of
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FC22FD70C51BFD02" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1846" box="[987,1087,661,686]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burkei">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FC22FD70C51BFD02" box="[987,1087,661,686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">S. burkei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that is longer,
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FB1DFD70C4A2FD02" box="[1252,1414,661,686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.795" metricValueMax="6.63" metricValueMin="4.96" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="57.95" valueMax="66.3" valueMin="49.6">49.6–66.3 mm</quantity>
. In fruit
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FF39FD5CC0DFFD7E" authorityName="N. Hahn" authorityYear="2016" box="[192,507,697,722]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montis-salinarum">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FF39FD5CC0DFFD7E" box="[192,507,697,722]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Senegalia montis-salinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has on average 3.7–8.3 seeds per pod whereas
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FBE9FD5CC550FD7E" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1846" box="[1040,1140,697,722]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burkei">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FBE9FD5CC550FD7E" box="[1040,1140,697,722]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">S. burkei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only 2.6–4.7. (
<figureCitation id="08A78CA11A76FFA4FAB2FD5CC4AAFD7E" box="[1355,1422,697,722]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1103,1124]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1078]" captionTargetId="figure-12@4.[151,1436,190,1078]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparative charts showing the main diagnostic features separating Senegalia montis-salinarum from S. burkei." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13681315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13681315/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
&amp;
<tableCitation id="DD1EA59F1A76FFA4FF71FD38C1FDFD5A" box="[136,217,733,758]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,224,806,829]" captionText="TABLE 1. Diagnostic features separating S. burkei from S. montis-salinarum." pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C4E3C0AC1A76FFA4FF71FCC3C2EEFC91" box="[136,970,806,829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" startId="1.[136,224,806,829]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="902390241A76FFA4FF71FCC3C2EEFC91" blockId="1.[136,970,806,829]" box="[136,970,806,829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FF71FCC3C1DFFC91" bold="true" box="[136,251,806,829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Diagnostic features separating
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FDB2FCC3C38EFC91" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1846" box="[587,682,806,829]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burkei">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FDB2FCC3C38EFC91" box="[587,682,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">S. burkei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FD12FCC3C2E2FC91" authorityName="N. Hahn" authorityYear="2016" box="[747,966,806,829]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montis-salinarum">S. montis-salinarum</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="902390241A76FFA4FF69FCAEC563FA8D" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<table id="E29C62841A76005AFF69FCAFC4BCFA8D" box="[144,1432,842,1313]" gridcols="3" gridrows="15" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FCAFC4BCFCCC" box="[144,1432,842,864]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FCAFC0E3FCCC" box="[144,455,842,864]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FF69FCAEC1DDFCCC" bold="true" box="[144,249,843,864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Character</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FCAFC287FCCC" box="[526,931,842,864]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FDF6FCAFC34CFCCC" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1846" box="[527,616,842,864]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burkei">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FDF6FCAFC34CFCCC" bold="true" box="[527,616,842,864]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">S. burkei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FCAFC4BCFCCC" box="[986,1432,842,864]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A76FFA4FC23FCAFC586FCCC" authority="Wood" authorityName="Wood" box="[986,1186,842,864]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montis-salinarum">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FC23FCAFC586FCCC" bold="true" box="[986,1186,842,864]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">S. montis-salinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FC8FC4BCFCD3" box="[144,1432,874,895]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FC8FC0E3FCD3" box="[144,455,874,895]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Wood</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FC8FC287FCD3" box="[526,931,874,895]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">hard</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FC8FC4BCFCD3" box="[986,1432,874,895]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">soft</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FC6FC4BCFC33" box="[144,1432,906,927]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FC6FC0E3FC33" box="[144,455,906,927]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Trunk</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FC6FC287FC33" box="[526,931,906,927]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">single-stemmed</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FC6FC4BCFC33" box="[986,1432,906,927]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">multi-stemmed</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FC4FC4BCFC13" box="[144,1432,938,959]" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FC4FC0E3FC13" box="[144,455,938,959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">No. pinna pairs</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FC4FC287FC13" box="[526,931,938,959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(3.0–)3.8–5.9(–7.0)</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FC4FC4BCFC13" box="[986,1432,938,959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(3.0–)4.4–6.1(–6.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FC2FC4BCFC73" box="[144,1432,970,991]" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FC2FC0E3FC73" box="[144,455,970,991]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">No. leaflet pairs per pinna</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FC2FC287FC73" box="[526,931,970,991]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(3.0–)4.1–6.3(–7.0)</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FC2FC4BCFC73" box="[986,1432,970,991]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(6.0–)7.3–10.0(–11.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FC0FC4BCFC53" box="[144,1432,1002,1023]" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FC0FC0E3FC53" box="[144,455,1002,1023]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Leaflet length (mm)</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FC0FC287FC53" box="[526,931,1002,1023]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(6.1–)7.3–10.7(–14.5)</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FC0FC4BCFC53" box="[986,1432,1002,1023]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(5.0–)6.0–7.6(–7.7)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FBECC4BCFBB2" box="[144,1432,1033,1054]" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FBECC0E3FBB2" box="[144,455,1033,1054]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Leaflet width (mm)</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FBECC287FBB2" box="[526,931,1033,1054]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(2.3–)3.0–4.7(–5.8)</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FBECC4BCFBB2" box="[986,1432,1033,1054]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(1.4–)1.7–2.2(–2.4)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FBCCC4BCFB92" box="[144,1432,1065,1086]" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FBCCC0E3FB92" box="[144,455,1065,1086]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Leaflet length/width</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FBCCC287FB92" box="[526,931,1065,1086]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(1.44–)2.01–2.74(–3.35)</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FBCCC4BCFB92" box="[986,1432,1065,1086]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(2.53–)2.98–4.05(–4.71)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FBACC4BCFBF2" box="[144,1432,1097,1118]" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FBACC0E3FBF2" box="[144,455,1097,1118]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Leaflet venation (underside)</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FBACC287FBF2" box="[526,931,1097,1118]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Main, secondary and tertiary veins always</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FBACC4BCFBF2" box="[986,1432,1097,1118]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">only main veins visible secondary only visible</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FB88C4BCFB2E" box="[144,1432,1133,1154]" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FB88C287FB2E" box="[526,931,1133,1154]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">visible</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FB88C4BCFB2E" box="[986,1432,1133,1154]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">when dried</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FB68C4BCFB0E" box="[144,1432,1165,1186]" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FB68C0E3FB0E" box="[144,455,1165,1186]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Inflorescence spike length (mm)</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FB68C287FB0E" box="[526,931,1165,1186]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(40.0–)49.6–66.3(–60.9)</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FB68C4BCFB0E" box="[986,1432,1165,1186]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(28.7–)28.9–35.7(–36.9)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FB49C4BCFB6D" box="[144,1432,1196,1217]" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FB49C0E3FB6D" box="[144,455,1196,1217]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Pod length (mm)</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FB49C287FB6D" box="[526,931,1196,1217]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(57.0–)72.9–113.0(–113.0)</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FB49C4BCFB6D" box="[986,1432,1196,1217]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(43.0–)69.6–140.6(–154.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FB29C4BCFB4D" box="[144,1432,1228,1249]" gridrow="12" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FB29C0E3FB4D" box="[144,455,1228,1249]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">No. seed/pod</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FB29C287FB4D" box="[526,931,1228,1249]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(2.0–)2.6–4.7(–5.0)</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FB29C4BCFB4D" box="[986,1432,1228,1249]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">(2.0–)3.7–8.3(–10.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FB09C4BCFAAD" box="[144,1432,1260,1281]" gridrow="13" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FB09C0E3FAAD" box="[144,455,1260,1281]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Distribution</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FB09C287FAAD" box="[526,931,1260,1281]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">widespread</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FB09C4BCFAAD" box="[986,1432,1260,1281]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Soutpansberg Centre of Endemism</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EAC92661A76005AFF69FAE9C4BCFA8D" box="[144,1432,1292,1313]" gridrow="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<th id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFF69FAE9C0E3FA8D" box="[144,455,1292,1313]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Soils</th>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFDF7FAE9C287FA8D" box="[526,931,1292,1313]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">sand to clay</td>
<td id="6D7DFB1A1A76005AFC23FAE9C4BCFA8D" box="[986,1432,1292,1313]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">rocky scree</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="D886C3AF1A76FFA4FF44FAABC3C2F7BF" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" type="description">
<paragraph id="902390241A76FFA4FF44FAABC3C2F7BF" blockId="1.[136,1452,1358,2067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FF44FAABC01DFACB" bold="true" box="[189,313,1358,1383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Root-bark</emphasis>
yellow brown fissured.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FDB1FAABC3A1FACB" bold="true" box="[584,645,1358,1383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Bark</emphasis>
along base of trunk roughly longitudinally fissured dark grey, underside grey to brown, becoming longitudinally fissured and dark grey to grey higher up the trunk with the underside light brown.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FF27FA73C0B7FA03" bold="true" box="[222,403,1430,1455]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Main branches</emphasis>
bark greenish grey to grey, smooth, often with persistent scattered prickles.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FB0BFA73C455FA03" bold="true" box="[1266,1393,1430,1455]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Stem bark</emphasis>
light brown with lenticels, finely latitudinal fissured, underside grey.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FCA7FA5FC53BFA7F" bold="true" box="[862,1055,1466,1491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Young branches</emphasis>
glabrous to sparingly hairy.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FA9CFA5FC48FFA7F" bold="true" box="[1381,1451,1466,1491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Wood</emphasis>
soft quickly devoured by insect.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FE05FA3BC37FFA5B" bold="true" box="[508,603,1502,1527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Stipules</emphasis>
not spinescent, up to
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FCAFFA3BC289FA5B" box="[854,941,1502,1527]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
long, deciduous.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FB8EFA3BC5F3FA5B" bold="true" box="[1143,1239,1502,1527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Prickles</emphasis>
in pairs below the nodes, thorns recurved, horn brown, occasionally light yellow brown at the apex, up to
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FBBBF9E7C5A5F9B7" box="[1090,1153,1538,1563]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FB3DF9E7C432F9B7" bold="true" box="[1220,1302,1538,1563]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Leaves</emphasis>
1–2 clumped above the thorns,
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FEAAF9C3C086F993" bold="true" box="[339,418,1574,1599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">petiole</emphasis>
(8.1–)12.2–21.0(–22.3) mm long, with a gland 1/3–1/2 up the petiole;
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FB30F9C3C436F993" bold="true" box="[1225,1298,1574,1599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">rachis</emphasis>
(17.6–)22.5– 38.0(–42.1) mm long, sparingly hairy, lime green in colour, gland at the junction of the top 1–3 pinna pairs.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FA9CF9AFC48FF9CF" bold="true" box="[1381,1451,1610,1635]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Pinna</emphasis>
(3.0–)4.4–6.1(–6.0) pairs per leaflet, (18.2–)19.7–26.1(–27.2) mm long, sparingly hairy, lime green in colour.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FAB5F98BC48FF92B" bold="true" box="[1356,1451,1646,1671]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Leaflets</emphasis>
(6.0–)7.3–10.0(–11.0) pairs per pinna, (1.4–)1.7–2.2(–2.4) × (5.0–)6.0–7.6(–7.7) mm, linear to linear-oblong, base asymmetric, apex light green above grey green below, with 1–3 veins from the base, secondary and tertiary venation not visibly in fresh material, margins entire fringed lime green.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FCB3F93FC2CCF95F" bold="true" box="[842,1000,1754,1779]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Inflorescence</emphasis>
spicate, produced with the leaves;
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FA94F93FC48FF95F" bold="true" box="[1389,1451,1754,1779]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">spike</emphasis>
(28.7–)28.9–35.7(–36.9) mm, white yellow;
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FD71F91BC3DAF8BB" bold="true" box="[648,766,1790,1815]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">peduncles</emphasis>
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FCF0F91BC284F8BB" box="[777,928,1790,1815]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="11.6" metricValueMin="5.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="8.7" valueMax="11.6" valueMin="5.8">5.8–11.6 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FC15F91BC56FF8BB" bold="true" box="[1004,1099,1790,1815]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Flowers</emphasis>
sessile;
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FB49F91BC5CAF8BB" bold="true" box="[1200,1262,1790,1815]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">calyx</emphasis>
pubescent, lime green tinged reddish,
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FE8EF8C7C088F897" bold="true" box="[375,428,1826,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">tube</emphasis>
(0.90–)1.23 × 1.65(–1.67) mm long,
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FCB1F8C7C2A1F897" bold="true" box="[840,901,1826,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">lobes</emphasis>
(0.76–)0.82 × 1.14(–1.30) mm long;
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FADBF8C7C450F897" bold="true" box="[1314,1396,1826,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">corolla</emphasis>
lime green,
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FF2FF8A3C02FF8F3" bold="true" box="[214,267,1862,1887]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">tube</emphasis>
(1.62–)1.64–2.22(–2.33) mm long, shorter than calyx,
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FC86F8A3C298F8F3" bold="true" box="[895,956,1862,1887]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">lobes</emphasis>
(0.95–)0.98–1.55(–1.74) mm long;
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FAAFF8A3C1C8F82F" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">stamen filament</emphasis>
free (4.60–)4.85–5.45(–5.50) mm long;
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FD3AF88FC239F82F" bold="true" box="[707,797,1898,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">anthers</emphasis>
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FCDEF88FC2EAF82F" box="[807,974,1898,1923]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="0.145" valueMax="0.15" valueMin="0.14">0.14–0.15 mm</quantity>
across;
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FBD6F88FC557F82F" bold="true" box="[1071,1139,1898,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">ovary</emphasis>
(0.97–)1.06–1.32(–1.43) × (0.29–)0.31–0.39(–0.40) mm glabrous;
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FDB7F86BC3A2F80B" bold="true" box="[590,646,1934,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">stipe</emphasis>
<quantity id="57643DC11A76FFA4FD69F86BC212F80B" box="[656,822,1934,1959]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="175" unit="mm" value="0.56" valueMax="0.64" valueMin="0.48">0.48–0.64 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FC7AF86BC299F80B" bold="true" box="[899,957,1934,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Pods</emphasis>
reddish brown, (43.0–)69.6–140.6(–154.0) × (10.3–)12.9–19.1(–21.0) mm, (2–)7–8(–10.0) seeded, straight, linear, dehiscent, coriaceous, base acuminate to mucronate.
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FEEBF833C071F843" bold="true" box="[274,341,2006,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">Seeds</emphasis>
brown to olive green, (8.6–)9.5–10.9(–11.6) × (7.5–)8.0–9.5(–10.0) mm, sub-circular,
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A76FFA4FAAEF833C1F5F7BF" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="175">central areole</emphasis>
(3.5–)4.2–5.3(–5.8) × (2.9–)3.8–4.7(–4.9) mm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C4E3C0AC1A75FFA7FF71F939C09CF8B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13681309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13681309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13681309/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="176" startId="2.[136,229,1756,1777]" targetBox="[166,1425,194,1709]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="902390241A75FFA7FF71F939C09CF8B9" blockId="2.[136,1452,1756,1813]" pageId="2" pageNumber="176">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A75FFA7FF71F939C1DAF95D" bold="true" box="[136,254,1756,1777]" pageId="2" pageNumber="176">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Illustration of
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A75FFA7FE77F939C3B8F95D" box="[398,668,1756,1777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montis-salinarum">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A75FFA7FE77F939C3B8F95D" box="[398,668,1756,1777]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="176">Senegalia montis-salinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by K. Marais based on the isotype. (A) leaf with pinna. (B) seed. (C) pod in side view. Scale Bars: A–C = 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D886C3AF1A75FFA7FF44F8A0C2E5F82E" pageId="2" pageNumber="176" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="902390241A75FFA7FF44F8A0C2E5F82E" blockId="2.[136,1452,1861,1922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="176">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A75FFA7FF44F8A0C0C2F8F2" bold="true" box="[189,486,1861,1886]" pageId="2" pageNumber="176">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A75FFA7FE14F8A0C32DF8F2" bold="true" box="[493,521,1861,1886]" pageId="2" pageNumber="176">—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="579CEBA71A75FFA7FDF0F8A0C263F8F2" box="[521,839,1861,1886]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montis-salinarum">
<emphasis id="A2E84C361A75FFA7FDF0F8A0C263F8F2" box="[521,839,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="176">Senegalia montis-salinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from only two localities growing on rocky scree along the dry northern slopes of the Soutpansberg mountain (
<figureCitation id="08A78CA11A75FFA7FC8CF88CC290F82E" box="[885,948,1897,1922]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1309,1330]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1283]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[151,1436,190,1283]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution of Senegalia montis-salinarum and S. burkei in South Africa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13681319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13681319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="176">Fig 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

295
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<taxonomicName id="579E4D740E3EFFA343FEFB0A3112FA8F" ID-CoL="6LLCT" authority="Bunge (1871: 4)" authorityName="Bunge" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="1871" box="[136,581,1264,1291]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Heliocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monandra">
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA343FEFB0A32D0FA8F" bold="true" box="[136,391,1264,1291]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Heliocarya monandra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F40F4B060E3EFFA342FBFB083112FA8F" author="Bunge, A. A. von" box="[397,581,1266,1291]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" refId="ref851" refString="Bunge, A. A. von (1871) Heliocarya, eine neue Borragineen Gattung nebst einigen Bemerkungen uber Borragineen uberhaupt. Kaiserlichen Universitatsbuchdruckerei (Katkoff &amp; Co.), Moskau, 12 pp." type="book" year="1871">Bunge (1871: 4)</bibRefCitation>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D884657C0E3EFFA343FEFAE231CFFAA9" box="[136,664,1304,1325]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="902136F70E3EFFA343FEFAE231CFFAA9" blockId="0.[136,1451,1304,1397]" box="[136,664,1304,1325]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B08E11D90E3EFFA343FEFAE231CFFAA9" box="[136,664,1304,1325]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">
<treatmentCitation id="113F10E60E3EFFA343FEFAE231C3FAA9" author="Johnston, I. M." box="[136,660,1304,1325]" page=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" year="1924">
<taxonomicName id="579E4D740E3EFFA343FEFAE231C3FAA9" ID-CoL="P587" authority="(Bunge) I. M. Johnston (1924: 70)" authorityName="I. M. Johnston" authorityPageNumber="70" authorityYear="1924" baseAuthorityName="Bunge" box="[136,660,1304,1325]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Caccinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monandra">
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA343FEFAE2321FFAA9" box="[136,328,1304,1325]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Caccinia monandra</emphasis>
(Bunge) I.M.
<bibRefCitation id="F40F4B060E3EFFA342A7FAE231C3FAA9" author="Johnston, I. M." box="[465,660,1304,1325]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" pagination="42 - 78" refId="ref928" refString="Johnston, I. M. (1924) Studies in the Boraginaceae III. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 73: 42 - 78." type="journal article" year="1924">Johnston (1924: 70)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D884657C0E3EFFA343FEFAC630EFF911" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="902136F70E3EFFA343FEFAC63660FAF1" blockId="0.[136,1451,1304,1397]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="E88976670E3EFFA343A1FAC63243FAD5" box="[215,276,1340,1361]" name="Iran" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">IRAN</collectingCountry>
. Persia centralis: in montibus ad Meibud et Aghda inter
<collectingRegion id="525AF8150E3EFFA34026FAC630D7FAD5" box="[848,896,1340,1361]" country="Iran" name="Yazd" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Yazd</collectingRegion>
et
<collectingRegion id="525AF8150E3EFFA340D2FAC630BAFAD5" box="[932,1005,1340,1361]" country="Iran" name="Esfahan" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Isfahan</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="E42010370E3EFFA3408CFAC63735FAD5" box="[1018,1122,1340,1361]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" value="1859-05">May 1859</date>
,
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA34719FAC63780FAD5" box="[1135,1239,1340,1361]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Bunge s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="4F2588550E3EFFA34791FAC63616FAD5" box="[1255,1345,1340,1361]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA3463CFAC63601FAD5" box="[1354,1366,1340,1361]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
barcode
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA343CBFA9A339DFAF1" box="[189,202,1376,1397]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
03877442! designated here,
<typeStatus id="4F2588550E3EFFA342ADFA9A310FFAF1" box="[475,600,1376,1397]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA34128FA9A31D6FAF1" box="[606,641,1376,1397]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15631" name="Harvard University - Gray Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">GH</collectionCode>
barcode
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA341AFFA9A31AAFAF1" box="[729,765,1376,1397]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15631" name="Harvard University - Gray Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">GH</collectionCode>
00589835!,
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA34019FA9A30C4FAF1" box="[879,915,1376,1397]" country="Brazil" name="Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">LE</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA340D7FA9A30FAFAF1" box="[929,941,1376,1397]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
barcodes
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA34778FA9A374BFAF1" box="[1038,1052,1376,1397]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
03877443! and
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA347C4FA9A3797FAF1" box="[1202,1216,1376,1397]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
03877445!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="902136F70E3EFFA343FEFA5C30EFF911" blockId="0.[136,1452,1446,2045]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">
Five duplicates of the type of
<taxonomicName id="579E4D740E3EFFA342BBFA5C310BFA39" authorityName="I. M. Johnston" authorityYear="1924" baseAuthorityName="Bunge" box="[461,604,1446,1469]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Caccinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monandra">
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA342BBFA5C310BFA39" box="[461,604,1446,1469]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">H. monandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found at
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA34076FA5C307EFA39" box="[768,809,1446,1469]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15631" name="Harvard University - Gray Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">GH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA34043FA5C3001FA39" box="[821,854,1446,1469]" country="Brazil" name="Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">LE</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA340FDFA5C30CDFA39" box="[907,922,1446,1469]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
. According to
<bibRefCitation id="F40F4B060E3EFFA3474FFA5C37B4FA39" author="McNeill, J." box="[1081,1251,1446,1469]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" pagination="1112 - 1113" refId="ref1010" refString="McNeill, J. (2014) Holotype specimens and type citations: General issues. Taxon 63 (5): 1112 - 1113. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.12705 / 635.7" type="journal article" year="2014">McNeill (2014)</bibRefCitation>
, the existence of a
<typeStatus id="4F2588550E3EFFA343FEFA3033B2FA65" box="[136,229,1482,1505]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
cannot be considered prior to 1990 unless one particular herbarium was indicated in the protologue (and only
<specimenCount id="8698FD7E0E3EFFA346F3FA3033BAF981" count="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
of the gathering was deposited there) or if it was made clear that only a single specimen of the gathering existed. Because there were more than
<specimenCount id="8698FD7E0E3EFFA342AFF9E8313AF9AD" box="[473,621,1554,1577]" count="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
for this species, housed in more than one institution, so they are duplicates. Based on Art. 40 Note 1 (
<bibRefCitation id="F40F4B060E3EFFA342ECF9CC3138F9C9" author="McNeill, J. &amp; Barrie, F. R. &amp; Buck, W. R. &amp; Demoulin, V. &amp; Greuter, W. &amp; Hawksworth, D. L. &amp; Herendeen, P. S. &amp; Knapp, S. &amp; Marhold, K. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Prud'homme van Reine, W. F. &amp; Smith, G. F. &amp; Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Turland, N. J." box="[410,623,1590,1613]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref1048" refString="McNeill, J., Barrie, F. R., Buck, W. R., Demoulin, V., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Marhold, K., Prado, J., Prud'homme van Reine, W. F., Smith, G. F., Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Turland, N. J. (Eds.) (2012) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress, Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. Regnum Vegetabile 154: 1 - 208." type="journal article" year="2012">
McNeill
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA3428DF9CC317DF9C9" box="[507,554,1590,1613]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) these must all be treated as
<typeStatus id="4F2588550E3EFFA340D2F9CC3752F9C9" box="[932,1029,1590,1613]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
. The sheet at
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA347E1F9CC37F2F9C9" box="[1175,1189,1590,1613]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
(barcode
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA34666F9CC3649F9C9" box="[1296,1310,1590,1613]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
03877442) is here selected as the
<typeStatus id="4F2588550E3EFFA3422AF9A032E9F9F5" box="[348,446,1626,1649]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
because it contains leaves, flowers, and inflorescences that are better developed than the other sheets, and the characters of the specimen agree closely with the protologue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D884657C0E3EFFA343CBF9583206F879" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="902136F70E3EFFA343CBF95832C1F8E9" blockId="0.[136,1452,1446,2045]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA343CBF958328DF93D" bold="true" box="[189,474,1698,1721]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—According to
<bibRefCitation id="F40F4B060E3EFFA341E1F9583072F93D" author="Riedl, H." box="[663,805,1698,1721]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" pagination="229 - 230" refId="ref1180" refString="Riedl, H. (1967) Heliocarya. In: Rechinger, K. H. (Ed.) Flora Iranica, vol. 48. Akademische Druck- und, Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 229 - 230." type="book chapter" year="1967">Riedl (1967)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="579E4D740E3EFFA34045F9583773F93D" box="[819,1060,1698,1721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Heliocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monandra">
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA34045F9583773F93D" box="[819,1060,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Heliocarya monandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only found in
<collectingRegion id="525AF8150E3EFFA3479BF958366CF93D" box="[1261,1339,1698,1721]" country="Iran" name="Esfahan" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Isfahan</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="525AF8150E3EFFA34600F95836FBF93D" box="[1398,1452,1698,1721]" country="Iran" name="Yazd" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Yazd</collectingRegion>
provinces in central
<collectingCountry id="E88976670E3EFFA3422DF93C32DEF959" box="[347,393,1734,1757]" name="Iran" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Iran</collectingCountry>
. During our visits and searching in different herbaria, we noticed that there is
<specimenCount id="8698FD7E0E3EFFA347DAF93C366AF959" box="[1196,1341,1734,1757]" count="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
belonging to
<taxonomicName id="579E4D740E3EFFA343D0F9103261F885" box="[166,310,1770,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Heliocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monandra">
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA343D0F9103261F885" box="[166,310,1770,1793]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">H. monandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected by Bunge from
<collectingRegion id="525AF8150E3EFFA34121F9103043F885" box="[599,788,1770,1793]" country="Iran" name="Kerman" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Kerman Province</collectingRegion>
(MPU) that was ignored in
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA3473AF91037B6F885" box="[1100,1249,1770,1793]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Flora Iranica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F40F4B060E3EFFA34786F9103639F885" author="Riedl, H." box="[1264,1390,1770,1793]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" pagination="229 - 230" refId="ref1180" refString="Riedl, H. (1967) Heliocarya. In: Rechinger, K. H. (Ed.) Flora Iranica, vol. 48. Akademische Druck- und, Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 229 - 230." type="book chapter" year="1967">Riedl 1967</bibRefCitation>
). The known distribution range can therefore be expanded to the provinces
<collectingRegion id="525AF8150E3EFFA3401EF8F430EEF8A1" box="[872,953,1806,1829]" country="Iran" name="Esfahan" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Isfahan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="525AF8150E3EFFA340B4F8F430ADF8A1" box="[962,1018,1806,1829]" country="Iran" name="Yazd" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Yazd</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="525AF8150E3EFFA34747F8F437D0F8A1" box="[1073,1159,1806,1829]" country="Iran" name="Kerman" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Kerman</collectingRegion>
in Central and Eastern
<collectingCountry id="E88976670E3EFFA346F7F8F436FBF8A1" box="[1409,1452,1806,1829]" name="Iran" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Iran</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="08A52A720E3EFFA343E6F8C83398F8CD" box="[144,207,1842,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1377,1398]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1436,187,1349]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution of Heliocarya monandra (squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13666372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13666372/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="579E4D740E3EFFA34393F8C83285F8CD" box="[229,466,1842,1865]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Heliocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monandra">
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA34393F8C83285F8CD" box="[229,466,1842,1865]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Heliocarya monandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows on rocky slopes, limestone cliffs, gravel slopes, and high-montane zone, at elevations of
<quantity id="57669B120E3EFFA343D3F8AC326EF8E9" box="[165,313,1878,1901]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="1775.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1550.0">1550–2000 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="08A52A720E3EFFA34231F8AC32DEF8E9" box="[327,393,1878,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1581,1602]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,639,1555]" captionTargetId="figure-164@2.[151,1436,638,1555]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Heliocarya monandra Bunge (Negaresh &amp; Shahin 164, herb. Negaresh). A. habit and habitat. B. inflorescence. C. leaves. Scale bars: A = 4 cm, B and C = 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13666376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13666376/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="902136F70E3EFFA343CBF8803206F879" blockId="0.[136,1452,1446,2045]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA343CBF8803106F815" bold="true" box="[189,593,1914,1937]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Additional specimens examined:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="20F63CAA0E3EFFA34127F88031CBF831" collectingDate="2016-05-13" collectionCode="FUMH" collectorName="Negaresh &amp; Shahin" country="Iran" elevation="2000" location="Kuh-e Sofeh" municipality="Prov." pageId="0" pageNumber="164" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Esfahan">
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA34127F88031C1F815" bold="true" box="[593,662,1914,1937]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">
<collectingCountry id="E88976670E3EFFA34127F88031C1F815" box="[593,662,1914,1937]" name="Iran" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">IRAN</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="7045AC8D0E3EFFA341DEF88031B6F815" box="[680,737,1914,1937]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Prov.</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="525AF8150E3EFFA3419DF8803069F815" box="[747,830,1914,1937]" country="Iran" name="Esfahan" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Isfahan</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="9541602C0E3EFFA3403AF880308CF815" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:183787E10E3EFFA343FEFB0A3206F879:9541602C0E3EFFA3403AF880308CF815" box="[844,987,1914,1937]" country="Iran" municipality="Prov." name="Kuh-e Sofeh" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" stateProvince="Esfahan">Kuh-e Sofeh</location>
,
<quantity id="57669B120E3EFFA3409CF8803715F815" box="[1002,1090,1914,1937]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="1BB3D1C40E3EFFA3409CF8803715F815" box="[1002,1090,1914,1937]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="E42010370E3EFFA34727F88037BBF815" box="[1105,1260,1914,1937]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" value="2016-05-13">
<collectingDate id="F464E9DF0E3EFFA34727F88037BBF815" box="[1105,1260,1914,1937]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" value="2016-05-13">13 May 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, few individuals,
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA343FEF86432D0F831" box="[136,391,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">
<collectorName id="3D6B53210E3EFFA343FEF86433BAF831" box="[136,237,1950,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Negaresh</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="3D6B53210E3EFFA34278F864320FF831" box="[270,344,1950,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Shahin</collectorName>
164
</emphasis>
(herb.
<collectorName id="3D6B53210E3EFFA342A4F864316EF831" box="[466,569,1950,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Negaresh</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA34135F86431C2F831" box="[579,661,1950,1973]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="20F63CAA0E3EFFA341D1F86437D2F831" box="[679,1157,1950,1973]" collectionCode="TARI" collectorName="Kuh-e Sofeh &amp; Wendelbo" country="Iran" elevation="2000" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="3D6B53210E3EFFA341D1F8643067F831" box="[679,816,1950,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Kuh-e Sofeh</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="57669B120E3EFFA3404CF86430DAF831" box="[826,909,1950,1973]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="1BB3D1C40E3EFFA3404CF86430DAF831" box="[826,909,1950,1973]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="A2EAEAE50E3EFFA340EEF8643779F831" box="[920,1070,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">
<collectorName id="3D6B53210E3EFFA340EEF8643757F831" box="[920,1024,1950,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">Wendelbo</collectorName>
920
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F68FAE320E3EFFA3474DF864372AF831" box="[1083,1149,1950,1973]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="164">TARI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
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242
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Bing Liu
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<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA0CB4970CF262048" box="[684,799,303,328]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 2–21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–29" captionStart-2="FIGURES 30–33" captionStart-3="FIGURES 34–41" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1280,1301]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1952,1973]" captionStartId-2="4.[136,243,1446,1467]" captionStartId-3="5.[136,243,1255,1276]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetBox-1="[170,1416,243,1927]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,279,1420]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,389,1230]" captionTargetId-0="figure-29@2.[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetId-1="figure-54@3.[170,1417,242,1927]" captionTargetId-2="figure-66@4.[151,1436,278,1420]" captionTargetId-3="figure-122@5.[151,1436,389,1230]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 2–21. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures." captionText-1="FIGURES 22–29. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., raphe valves, SEM. 22. External view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 23. Internal view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 24–26. Details of Fig. 22, note the hooked terminal raphe fissures and parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices. 27–29. Details of Fig. 23, note the parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices, and curved proximal raphe endings. Scale bars = 5 μm." captionText-2="FIGURES 30–33. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., SEM. 30. External view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 31. Internal view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 32–33. Girdle views. 32. Proliferating cells, note the notches on the mantles. 33. A frustule with convex rapheless valve discernible. Scale bars = 10 μm." captionText-3="FIGURES 34–41. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., SEM. 34–41. External views of middle part of raphe valve, note the stria variation around the central area. 38–41. External views of middle part of rapheless valve, note the stria variation around the central area. Scale bars = 5 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647490" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647494" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647496" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647498" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13647490/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13647494/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13647496/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13647498/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 2–41</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="A29FEA82FB40FFCAA2EF4D5FCD172415" bold="true" box="[136,302,1280,1301]" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">FIGURES 2–21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="57EB4D13FB40FFCAA3524D5FCE2C2415" authorityName="Liu &amp; Blanco &amp; Long &amp; Xu &amp; Jiang" authorityYear="2016" box="[309,533,1280,1301]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="2" pageNumber="196" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinense" status="sp. nov.">
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, LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures.
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LM: Valves narrowly lanceolate with round, acute ends, 17.5–31.7 (median 28.3) μm long and 4.1–6.0 (median 5.1) μm wide (n = 50). Raphe valve possessing a narrow, lanceolate axial area, which widens slightly from the poles to the middle portion of the valve (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA7E64DA3CCC92735" captionStart="FIGURES 2–21" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1280,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2–21. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647490/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 2–11</figureCitation>
). Proximal raphe ends distinct, teardrop-shaped (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA0A64E7FCF1D2735" box="[705,804,1568,1589]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–21" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1280,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2–21. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647490/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 2–11</figureCitation>
). Striae on the raphe valves not discernible except in the middle part of valve, where a few stria rows become resolvable due to a wider spacing (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA1EF4E1BCFD32759" box="[904,1002,1604,1625]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–21" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1280,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2–21. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647490/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 2–11</figureCitation>
). Rapheless valve with a linear-lanceolate axial area widening slightly in the middle (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA04D4E37CEA2277D" box="[554,667,1640,1661]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–21" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1280,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2–21. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647490/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 12–20</figureCitation>
). Striae on the rapheless valves not countable except in the middle part of valve, where a few stria rows become resolvable due to a wider spacing (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA15D4ED3CF9227A1" box="[826,939,1676,1697]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–21" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1280,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2–21. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647490/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 12–20</figureCitation>
). Frustules in girdle view shallow v-shaped (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA73F4ED3C99927A1" box="[1368,1440,1676,1697]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–21" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1280,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2–21. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647490/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8F1651BFB40FFCBA2EF4EEFC8A721D9" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="197" pageId="2" pageNumber="196" type="description">
<paragraph id="90543690FB40FFCBA2EF4EEFC8A721D9" blockId="2.[136,1452,1496,2057]" lastBlockId="3.[189,1452,160,217]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="197" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">
SEM: Outline of raphe valve narrowly lanceolate, with a narrow lanceolate axial area and a rhombic-lanceolate central area (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA7564EEFC99827C5" box="[1329,1441,1712,1733]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–29" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1952,1973]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,243,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-54@3.[170,1417,242,1927]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 22–29. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., raphe valves, SEM. 22. External view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 23. Internal view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 24–26. Details of Fig. 22, note the hooked terminal raphe fissures and parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices. 27–29. Details of Fig. 23, note the parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices, and curved proximal raphe endings. Scale bars = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647494/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 22–29</figureCitation>
). Outline of rapheless valve also narrowly lanceolate, with a linear-lanceolate axial area and an elliptic-lanceolate central area (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA7E64E8BCCC4260D" captionStart="FIGURES 30–33" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1446,1467]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,279,1420]" captionTargetId="figure-66@4.[151,1436,278,1420]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 30–33. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., SEM. 30. External view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 31. Internal view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 32–33. Girdle views. 32. Proliferating cells, note the notches on the mantles. 33. A frustule with convex rapheless valve discernible. Scale bars = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647496/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 30–31</figureCitation>
). Externally, terminal raphe fissures hooked towards the same side of the valve, central raphe endings teardrop-shaped (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA7E64EA7CD1A2631" captionStart="FIGURES 22–29" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1952,1973]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,243,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-54@3.[170,1417,242,1927]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 22–29. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., raphe valves, SEM. 22. External view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 23. Internal view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 24–26. Details of Fig. 22, note the hooked terminal raphe fissures and parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices. 27–29. Details of Fig. 23, note the parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices, and curved proximal raphe endings. Scale bars = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647494/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 22, 24–26</figureCitation>
). Internally, distal raphe endings terminating in small helictoglossae, proximal raphe endings curved towards opposite sides (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA29D4F1FCD532655" box="[250,362,1856,1877]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–29" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1952,1973]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,243,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-54@3.[170,1417,242,1927]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 22–29. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., raphe valves, SEM. 22. External view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 23. Internal view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 24–26. Details of Fig. 22, note the hooked terminal raphe fissures and parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices. 27–29. Details of Fig. 23, note the parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices, and curved proximal raphe endings. Scale bars = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647494/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 27–29</figureCitation>
). Striae slightly radiate throughout both valves except at the apices of the raphe valve, where they become parallel or slightly convergent (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA3C74F3BCE2A2679" box="[416,531,1892,1913]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 22–29" captionStart-1="FIGURES 30–33" captionStartId-0="3.[136,243,1952,1973]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,243,1446,1467]" captionTargetBox-0="[170,1416,243,1927]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,279,1420]" captionTargetId-0="figure-54@3.[170,1417,242,1927]" captionTargetId-1="figure-66@4.[151,1436,278,1420]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 22–29. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., raphe valves, SEM. 22. External view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 23. Internal view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 24–26. Details of Fig. 22, note the hooked terminal raphe fissures and parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices. 27–29. Details of Fig. 23, note the parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices, and curved proximal raphe endings. Scale bars = 5 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 30–33. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., SEM. 30. External view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 31. Internal view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 32–33. Girdle views. 32. Proliferating cells, note the notches on the mantles. 33. A frustule with convex rapheless valve discernible. Scale bars = 10 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647494" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647496" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13647494/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13647496/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 22–31</figureCitation>
). Stria density
<quantity id="57139B75FB40FFCAA0C24F3BCEC52679" box="[677,764,1892,1913]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.223" metricValueMax="7.112" metricValueMin="5.334" pageId="2" pageNumber="196" unit="in" value="24.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="21.0">21–28 in</quantity>
10 μm at the valve center and up to
<quantity id="57139B75FB40FFCAA6004F3BC8A02679" box="[1127,1177,1892,1913]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="2" pageNumber="196" unit="in" value="40.0">40 in</quantity>
10 μm near apices of raphe valve,
<quantity id="57139B75FB40FFCAA2994FD7CD6D269D" box="[254,340,1928,1949]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" metricValueMax="6.858" metricValueMin="5.334" pageId="2" pageNumber="196" unit="in" value="24.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="21.0">21–27 in</quantity>
10 μm at the valve center and up to
<quantity id="57139B75FB40FFCAA0DC4FD7CED4269D" box="[699,749,1928,1949]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.636" pageId="2" pageNumber="196" unit="in" value="34.0">34 in</quantity>
10 μm near apices in the rapheless valve. Areolae external openings are small, round, or transapically elongated, whereas internal openings are transversely elliptical (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA6214FF3C88E26C1" box="[1094,1207,1964,1985]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–29" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1952,1973]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,243,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-54@3.[170,1417,242,1927]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 22–29. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., raphe valves, SEM. 22. External view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 23. Internal view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 24–26. Details of Fig. 22, note the hooked terminal raphe fissures and parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices. 27–29. Details of Fig. 23, note the parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices, and curved proximal raphe endings. Scale bars = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647494/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 24–29</figureCitation>
). Each stria in the middle part of the raphe valve is composed of 1–6, usually 5–6 areolae (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA1574F8FCF9926E5" box="[816,928,2000,2021]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–29" captionStartId="3.[136,243,1952,1973]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,243,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-54@3.[170,1417,242,1927]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 22–29. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., raphe valves, SEM. 22. External view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 23. Internal view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 24–26. Details of Fig. 22, note the hooked terminal raphe fissures and parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices. 27–29. Details of Fig. 23, note the parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices, and curved proximal raphe endings. Scale bars = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647494/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 22, 25</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA1CC4F8FCFD226E5" box="[939,1003,2000,2021]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1255,1276]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,389,1230]" captionTargetId="figure-122@5.[151,1436,389,1230]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 34–41. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., SEM. 34–41. External views of middle part of raphe valve, note the stria variation around the central area. 38–41. External views of middle part of rapheless valve, note the stria variation around the central area. Scale bars = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647498/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">34–37</figureCitation>
). Each stria in the middle part of the rapheless valve is composed of 1–7, usually 6–7 areolae (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA0E04FABCEEB2909" box="[647,722,2036,2057]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–33" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1446,1467]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,279,1420]" captionTargetId="figure-66@4.[151,1436,278,1420]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 30–33. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., SEM. 30. External view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 31. Internal view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 32–33. Girdle views. 32. Proliferating cells, note the notches on the mantles. 33. A frustule with convex rapheless valve discernible. Scale bars = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647496/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">Figs 30</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB40FFCAA0BB4FABCF252909" box="[732,796,2036,2057]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1255,1276]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,389,1230]" captionTargetId="figure-122@5.[151,1436,389,1230]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 34–41. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., SEM. 34–41. External views of middle part of raphe valve, note the stria variation around the central area. 38–41. External views of middle part of rapheless valve, note the stria variation around the central area. Scale bars = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647498/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="196">38–41</figureCitation>
). Around the central areas of both valves, the striae are more widely spaced and shortened; sometimes very short marginal striae (composed of 1–3 areolae) are present (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB41FFCBA61B48FFC8D521B5" box="[1148,1260,160,181]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–41" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1255,1276]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,389,1230]" captionTargetId="figure-122@5.[151,1436,389,1230]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 34–41. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., SEM. 34–41. External views of middle part of raphe valve, note the stria variation around the central area. 38–41. External views of middle part of rapheless valve, note the stria variation around the central area. Scale bars = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647498/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="197">Figs 34–41</figureCitation>
). Frustules in girdle view shallow v-shaped, each valve mantle with a row of slit-like areolae and 2–3 notches (
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB41FFCBA644489BC8AA21D9" box="[1059,1171,196,217]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–33" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1446,1467]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,279,1420]" captionTargetId="figure-66@4.[151,1436,278,1420]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 30–33. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., SEM. 30. External view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 31. Internal view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 32–33. Girdle views. 32. Proliferating cells, note the notches on the mantles. 33. A frustule with convex rapheless valve discernible. Scale bars = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647496/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="197">Figs 32–33</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="90543690FB41FFCBA2EF4FFFCF3F2921" blockId="3.[136,1452,1952,2081]" pageId="3" pageNumber="197">
<emphasis id="A29FEA82FB41FFCBA2EF4FFFCD0326B5" bold="true" box="[136,314,1952,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="197">FIGURES 22–29.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="57EB4D13FB41FFCBA3584FFFCE2726B5" authorityName="Liu &amp; Blanco &amp; Long &amp; Xu &amp; Jiang" authorityYear="2016" box="[319,542,1952,1973]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="3" pageNumber="197" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A29FEA82FB41FFCBA3584FFFCE2726B5" box="[319,542,1952,1973]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="197">Achnanthidium sinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B9AC57F9FB41FFCBA04E4FFFCE4C26B5" box="[553,629,1952,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="197" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, raphe valves, SEM. 22. External view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 23. Internal view of raphe valve, note the narrow lanceolate axial area. 24–26. Details of Fig. 22, note the hooked terminal raphe fissures and parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices. 27–29. Details of Fig. 23, note the parallel or slightly convergent striae at the apices, and curved proximal raphe endings. Scale bars = 5 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D8F1651BFB46FFCCA2EF48FFCD9321FD" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="A29FEA82FB46FFCCA2EF48FFCCFB21B5" bold="true" box="[136,194,160,181]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">Type:</emphasis>
—
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<collectingDate id="F411E9B8FB46FFCCA056489BCEDE21D9" box="[561,743,196,217]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" value="2015-12-31">31 December 2015</collectingDate>
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, (
<typeStatus id="4F508832FB46FFCCA09D489BCF6921D9" box="[762,848,196,217]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="F6FAAE55FB46FFCCA132489BCF4621D9" box="[853,895,196,217]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">BM</collectionCode>
! 101841, illustrated in
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB46FFCCA63D489BC8FF21D9" box="[1114,1222,196,217]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–21" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1280,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2–21. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647490/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">Figs 11, 14</figureCitation>
;
<typeStatus id="4F508832FB46FFCCA6B7489BC92C21D9" box="[1232,1301,196,217]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="F6FAAE55FB46FFCCA77B489BC97D21D9" box="[1308,1348,196,217]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13402" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13402" name="Jishou University" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" type="Herbarium">JIU</collectionCode>
!
<specimenCode id="C04D9EEBFB46FFCCA72B489BC99121D9" box="[1356,1448,196,217]" collectionCode="JIU" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13402" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13402" name="Jishou University" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" type="Herbarium">G201601</specimenCode>
, illustrated in
<figureCitation id="08D02A15FB46FFCCA35B48B7CDA721FD" box="[316,414,232,253]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–21" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1280,1301]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-29@2.[151,1436,353,1255]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2–21. Achnanthidium sinense, sp. nov., LM. 2–11. Ten raphe valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline and distinct proximal raphe ends. 12–20. Nine rapheless valves showing size reduction, note the lanceolate valve outline. 2 and 12. Photographs of isotype specimens. 11 and 14. Photographs of holotype specimens. 21. Girdle view, note the shallow v-shaped outline. Scale bar (in Fig. 2) = 10 μm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647490/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">Figs 2, 12</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C4946618FB46FFCCA2EF4DF9C8F52703" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13647496" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13647496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13647496/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" startId="4.[136,243,1446,1467]" targetBox="[151,1436,279,1420]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="90543690FB46FFCCA2EF4DF9C8F52703" blockId="4.[136,1451,1446,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="A29FEA82FB46FFCCA2EF4DF9CD0324BB" bold="true" box="[136,314,1446,1467]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">FIGURES 30–33.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="57EB4D13FB46FFCCA3274DF9CE2624BB" authorityName="Liu &amp; Blanco &amp; Long &amp; Xu &amp; Jiang" authorityYear="2016" box="[320,543,1446,1467]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A29FEA82FB46FFCCA3274DF9CE2624BB" box="[320,543,1446,1467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">Achnanthidium sinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B9AC57F9FB46FFCCA04D4DF9CE4E24BB" box="[554,631,1446,1467]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, SEM. 30. External view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 31. Internal view of rapheless valve, note the slightly radiate striae throughout the valve. 32–33. Girdle views. 32. Proliferating cells, note the notches on the mantles. 33. A frustule with convex rapheless valve discernible. Scale bars = 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D8F1651BFB46FFCCA2EF4E6CCFE6274C" box="[136,991,1587,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="90543690FB46FFCCA2EF4E6CCFE6274C" blockId="4.[136,1452,1587,1756]" box="[136,991,1587,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="A29FEA82FB46FFCCA2EF4E6CCD2A274C" bold="true" box="[136,275,1587,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">Etymology:</emphasis>
—Named after
<collectingCountry id="E8FC7600FB46FFCCA3A64E6CCE3E274C" box="[449,519,1587,1612]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">China</collectingCountry>
, the country where the species was found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8F1651BFB46FFCCA2DA4E08CFB227DC" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="90543690FB46FFCCA2DA4E08CFB227DC" blockId="4.[136,1452,1587,1756]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="A29FEA82FB46FFCCA2DA4E08CD1F2770" bold="true" box="[189,294,1623,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">Ecology:</emphasis>
—The following environmental parameters were measured in the field. Electric conductivity was 41.9 ± 0.2 μS/cm, pH was 7.6 ± 0.1, and water temperature was 9.7 ± 0.2 °C. Since the diatom sample was scraped off the surfaces of stones and the water electric conductivity is below 50 μS/cm,
<taxonomicName id="57EB4D13FB46FFCCA1DE4EC0C88527B8" authorityName="Liu &amp; Blanco &amp; Long &amp; Xu &amp; Jiang" authorityYear="2016" box="[953,1212,1695,1720]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="4" pageNumber="198" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinense">
<emphasis id="A29FEA82FB46FFCCA1DE4EC0C88527B8" box="[953,1212,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="198">Achnanthidium sinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be considered an epilithic diatom characteristic of low electrolyte content freshwaters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>