diff --git a/data/03/89/BB/0389BB46EE55DD09D492FA94FA21FACC.xml b/data/03/89/BB/0389BB46EE55DD09D492FD62FA21FACC.xml similarity index 84% rename from data/03/89/BB/0389BB46EE55DD09D492FA94FA21FACC.xml rename to data/03/89/BB/0389BB46EE55DD09D492FD62FA21FACC.xml index 0a131da8ced..ca33585a65b 100644 --- a/data/03/89/BB/0389BB46EE55DD09D492FA94FA21FACC.xml +++ b/data/03/89/BB/0389BB46EE55DD09D492FD62FA21FACC.xml @@ -1,83 +1,163 @@ - - - -Revisional notes on Siniphanerotomella He et al. (Hymenoptera Braconidae Cheloninae) with description of a new species from China + + + +Revisional notes on Siniphanerotomella He et al. (Hymenoptera Braconidae Cheloninae) with description of a new species from China - - -Author + + +Author -Yao, Junli -Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. +Yao, Junli +0000-0002-6064-1315 +Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. +rjuneyao@outlook.com - - -Author + + +Author -Achterberg, Cornelis Van -Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China. +Achterberg, Cornelis Van +0000-0002-6495-4853 +Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China. +kees@vanachterberg.org - - -Author + + +Author -Zhao, Qingyan -0009-0009-9036-3860 -Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. -486852437@qq.com +Zhao, Qingyan +0009-0009-9036-3860 +Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. +486852437@qq.com - - -Author + + +Author -Zhou, Jin-Jin -Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. -auzhou@zju.edu.cn +Zhou, Jin-Jin +Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. +auzhou@zju.edu.cn - - -Author + + +Author -Peng, Yanqiong -0000-0002-7453-9119 -CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China. -pengyq@xtbg.ac.cn +Peng, Yanqiong +0000-0002-7453-9119 +CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China. +pengyq@xtbg.ac.cn -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-11-08 + +2024 + +2024-11-08 - -5537 + +5537 - -2 + +2 - -259 -269 + +259 +269 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.6 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.6 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.6 -1175-5326 -14239925 -E3A201D8-ADCA-4F55-A71E-23669AC920B6 +journal article +305880 +10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.6 +59187674-ab82-4ab8-971e-75cfef0169d5 +1175-5326 +14239925 +E3A201D8-ADCA-4F55-A71E-23669AC920B6 - - + + + + + + +Siniphanerotomella +He, Chen & van Achterberg, 1994 + + + + + + + + + + +Siniphanerotomella +He, Chen & van Achterberg, 1994: 191 + + +. + + + + + +Type +species: + +Siniphanerotomella fanjingshana +He, Chen et van Achterberg, 1994 + +(examined). + + + + + +Additional diagnosis + + + +Antenna with 18–19 antennomeres ( +♀ +) and 23–26 antennomeres ( +♂ +). Occipital carina complete or absent mediodorsally. Notauli absent (at most area indicated by concave sculpture in + +S +. +disparclypeolus +Ji et Chen + +). Vein 2-SR+M of fore wing usually nearly vertical, but sometimes nearly absent. + + + + +Distribution. Oriental region of +China +( +Guizhou +, +Guangdong +, +Fujian +, +Yunnan +). + + + +Biology. Unknown. + + - Key to species of @@ -85,10 +165,7 @@ Key to species of He, Chen et van Achterberg - - - diff --git a/data/03/89/BB/0389BB46EE55DD0AD492FD62FBE5FB25.xml b/data/03/89/BB/0389BB46EE55DD0AD492FD62FBE5FB25.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9abf0cc8dfb..00000000000 --- a/data/03/89/BB/0389BB46EE55DD0AD492FD62FBE5FB25.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,115 +0,0 @@ - - - -Revisional notes on Siniphanerotomella He et al. (Hymenoptera Braconidae Cheloninae) with description of a new species from China - - - -Author - -Yao, Junli -Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. - - - -Author - -Achterberg, Cornelis Van -Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China. - - - -Author - -Zhao, Qingyan -0009-0009-9036-3860 -Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. -486852437@qq.com - - - -Author - -Zhou, Jin-Jin -Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. -auzhou@zju.edu.cn - - - -Author - -Peng, Yanqiong -0000-0002-7453-9119 -CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China. -pengyq@xtbg.ac.cn - -text - - -Zootaxa - - -2024 - -2024-11-08 - - -5537 - - -2 - - -259 -269 - - - - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.6 - -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.6 -1175-5326 -14239925 -E3A201D8-ADCA-4F55-A71E-23669AC920B6 - - - - - - - -Siniphanerotomella -He, Chen & van Achterberg, 1994 - - - - - - - - - - -Siniphanerotomella -He, Chen & van Achterberg, 1994: 191 - - -. - - - - - -Type -species: - -Siniphanerotomella fanjingshana -He, Chen et van Achterberg, 1994 - -(examined). - - - - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87C3B1233422FD80590DFEBC627C.xml b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87C3B1233422FD80590DFEBC627C.xml index 88cbf364c11..75f1a926414 100644 --- a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87C3B1233422FD80590DFEBC627C.xml +++ b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87C3B1233422FD80590DFEBC627C.xml @@ -1,59 +1,59 @@ - - - -Jumping spiders from Ivory Coast collected by J. - C. Ledoux (Araneae, Salticidae) + + + +Jumping spiders from Ivory Coast collected by J. - C. Ledoux (Araneae, Salticidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Wesołowska, Wanda -E362DE8A-ECB7-4C6E-B373-9E1821D214F7 -Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, 51 - 148 Wrocław, Poland. 1, Bailiffs Cottage, Doddington, Sittingbourne, Kent ME 9 0 JU, UK. -wanda.h.wesolowska@gmail.com +Wesołowska, Wanda +E362DE8A-ECB7-4C6E-B373-9E1821D214F7 +Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, 51 - 148 Wrocław, Poland. +wanda.h.wesolowska@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Russell-Smith, Anthony -7A5811C2-4F5B-4AC6-BE44-1C0A92929CA7 -mrussellsmith@btinternet.com +Russell-Smith, Anthony +7A5811C2-4F5B-4AC6-BE44-1C0A92929CA7 +Bailiffs Cottage, Doddington, Sittingbourne, Kent ME 9 0 JU, UK. +mrussellsmith@btinternet.com -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2022 - -2022-10-12 + +2022 + +2022-10-12 - -841 + +841 - -1 + +1 - -1 -143 + +1 +143 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.841.1943 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.841.1943 -journal article -168931 -10.5852/ejt.2022.841.1943 -43f3cb30-26dc-4590-ae7c-a71dbf8b44be -2118-9773 -7195354 -A1A437F5-095C-43F7-BC18-66D53640F30E +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2022.841.1943 +43f3cb30-26dc-4590-ae7c-a71dbf8b44be +2118-9773 +7195354 +A1A437F5-095C-43F7-BC18-66D53640F30E - + @@ -78,15 +78,19 @@ . - - + + Marengo kibonotensis Lessert, 1925a: 439 -, figs 15–17. +, figs 15–17. + + + + Marengo coriacea diff --git a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87C3B13F343DFDF75C2EFCEA65BE.xml b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87C3B13F343DFDF75C2EFCEA65BE.xml index cf67010733e..b39549b0e9f 100644 --- a/data/03/FD/87/03FD87C3B13F343DFDF75C2EFCEA65BE.xml +++ b/data/03/FD/87/03FD87C3B13F343DFDF75C2EFCEA65BE.xml @@ -1,66 +1,66 @@ - - - -Jumping spiders from Ivory Coast collected by J. - C. Ledoux (Araneae, Salticidae) + + + +Jumping spiders from Ivory Coast collected by J. - C. Ledoux (Araneae, Salticidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Wesołowska, Wanda -E362DE8A-ECB7-4C6E-B373-9E1821D214F7 -Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, 51 - 148 Wrocław, Poland. 1, Bailiffs Cottage, Doddington, Sittingbourne, Kent ME 9 0 JU, UK. -wanda.h.wesolowska@gmail.com +Wesołowska, Wanda +E362DE8A-ECB7-4C6E-B373-9E1821D214F7 +Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, 51 - 148 Wrocław, Poland. +wanda.h.wesolowska@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Russell-Smith, Anthony -7A5811C2-4F5B-4AC6-BE44-1C0A92929CA7 -mrussellsmith@btinternet.com +Russell-Smith, Anthony +7A5811C2-4F5B-4AC6-BE44-1C0A92929CA7 +Bailiffs Cottage, Doddington, Sittingbourne, Kent ME 9 0 JU, UK. +mrussellsmith@btinternet.com -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2022 - -2022-10-12 + +2022 + +2022-10-12 - -841 + +841 - -1 + +1 - -1 -143 + +1 +143 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.841.1943 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.841.1943 -journal article -168931 -10.5852/ejt.2022.841.1943 -43f3cb30-26dc-4590-ae7c-a71dbf8b44be -2118-9773 -7195354 -A1A437F5-095C-43F7-BC18-66D53640F30E +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2022.841.1943 +43f3cb30-26dc-4590-ae7c-a71dbf8b44be +2118-9773 +7195354 +A1A437F5-095C-43F7-BC18-66D53640F30E - + - + Festucula lineata - (?) Simon, 1901 + diff --git a/data/33/58/E3/3358E365FFA810067BB7FAACFA0E166B.xml b/data/33/58/E3/3358E365FFA810067BB7FAACFA0E166B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6a8a04a625f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/33/58/E3/3358E365FFA810067BB7FAACFA0E166B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,395 @@ + + + +First record of the genus Eusterinx Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Orthocentrinae) from the Afrotropical Region, with description of a new species from South Africa + + + +Author + +Humala, Andrei E. +0000-0001-8741-254X +Forest Research Institute, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 185910, Pushkinskaya St. 11, Petrozavodsk, Russia +humala@krc.karelia.ru + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-11-08 + + +5537 + + +2 + + +281 +287 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.8 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.8 +1175-5326 +14239561 +C06ABDBB-D80D-4719-A9E0-D8E5BE78D444 + + + + + + +Subgenus + +Ischyracis +Förster, 1869 + + + + + + + + +Acanthostroblia +Roman, 1925 + +. + + + +Cymodusoides +Viereck, 1925 + +. + + + +Stroblia +Schmiedeknecht, 1911 + +. + + + + +Type +species: + +Eusterinx +( +Ischyracis +) +bispinosa +(Strobl, 1901) + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +The subgenus + +Ischyracis + +is recognizable by the following characters: propodeum with well-developed apophyses; eye large or very large, strongly convex, female inner orbits distinctly convergent to clypeus (to a lesser extent in males); male with concave tyloid on 6th flagellomere. Fore wing with or without petiolate areolet. + + +Six species were previously known in this subgenus: Holarctic + +E. +( +I. +) +bispinosa +(Strobl, 1901) + +, Oriental +E. + +( +I +.) +ganica +Sheng et Sun, 2013 + +from +China +, three East Palaearctic species: +E. + +( +I +.) +fulvipes +Humala et Lee, 2017 + +, +E. + +( +I +.) +petiolata +Humala et Lee, 2017 + +and +E. +( +I +.) +rufithorax +Humala et Lee, 2017 from +South Korea +, and +E. + +( +I +.) +tenuiventris +Humala et Ruiz, 2017 + +from +Mexico +. The subgenus + +Dallatorrea +Ashmead, 1902 + +with four known Holarctic species ( + +E. armata +(Ashmead, 1902) + +, + +E. circaea +Rossem, 1982 + +, + +E. recurvata +Dasch, 1992 + +, + +E. rufula +(Provancher, 1879)) + +is reduced to the synonym of + +Ischyracis +Förster, 1869 + + +syn. n. + +, as all key characters except presence/absence of closed areolet in fore wing occur in both subgenera or overlapping. It should be pointed out that the presence of a vein 3 +rs-m +closing the areolet posteriorly is an unreliable character, because, for example, within another + +Eusterinx + +subgenus, + +Trestis + +, it can be either well developed, partially reduced or completely absent. + + + + + +Key to + +Ischyracis + +species of the world fauna + + + + +1. Fore wing with closed areolet............................................................................ 2 + + +- Fore wing without areolet............................................................................... 6 + + + + +2. Hind femur 3.45–4.0 × as long as wide; mesosoma rufous; epicnemial carina extending to subtegular ridge; anterior metasomal tergites longitudinally striate. Ovipositor 0.5–0.55 × as long as hind tibia, nearly straight................. 3 + + +- Hind femur 4.4–5.0 × as long as wide; epicnemial carina ending opposite middle of pronotum; mesosoma mostly fuscous; metasomal tergites not striate, or at most, weakly on T1; Ovipositor 0.65–0.85 × as long as hind tibia................... 4 + + + + + +3. Antenna with 15–17 flagellomeres, first flagellomere 4.75–4.85 × as long as wide. Metasoma extensively rufous; T1 3.0–3.55 × as long as posterior width; T2 0.8–1.05 × as long as posterior width..................... + +rufula +(Provancher) (Nearctic) + + + + + +- Antenna with 19 flagellomeres, first flagellomere 7.5 × as long as wide. Metasoma brown, posterior margins of T1–T5 yellowish. T1 3.8 × as long as posterior width; T2 1.2 × as long as posterior width … +rufithorax +Humala et Lee ( +South Korea +) + + + + + + +4. Notauli shallow, mesosoma rufous on recurved humeral bars, disk of mesoscutum, and scutellum..................................................................................................... + +recurvata +Dasch (Nearctic) + + + + +- Notauli deep, mesosoma entirely fuscous.................................................................. 5 + + + + + +5. Face very narrow, width 0.13–0.15 × head width in female, Antenna with 19–23 flagellomeres, first flagellomere 5.45–6.15 × as long as wide. Hind leg mostly rufous. Ovipositor 0.65–0.8 × as long as hind tibia, T2 1.25–1.5 × as long as posterior width........................................................................ + +armata +(Ashmead) (Nearctic) + + + + + +- Face width 0.3 × head width in female, Antenna comparatively short, with 17 flagellomeres, first flagellomere nearly 5.0 × as long as wide. Hind coxa dark brown. Ovipositor 0.4 × as long as hind tibia; T2 as long as posterior width......................................................................................... + +circaea +Rossem (Palaearctic) + + + + + + + +6. Nervulus distinctly postfurcal. Metapleuron with reticulate sculpture; metasoma slender, T1 4.2 × as long as posterior width; T2 2.2 × as long as posterior width, with rough longitudinal wrinkles................................................................................................... + +tenuiventris +Humala et Ruiz + +( +Mexico +) [female unknown] + + + +- Nervulus interstitial. Metapleuron without rough reticulate sculpture; metasoma various............................. 7 + + + + +7. Ovipositor short, 0.45–0.5 × as long as hind tibia; lower mesopleuron polished; hind femur 5.0–5.3 × as long as wide...... 8 + + +- Ovipositor 0.85–1.0 × as long as hind tibia; lower mesopleuron polished or with longitudinal striae; hind femur 4.8–5.5 × as long as wide........................................................................................ 10 + + + + + +8. Small species, body length +3.6 mm +, fore wing +2.7 mm +; occipital carina developed only in dorsal part; area superomedia narrow, 2.5 × as long as maximum wide; T2 1.35 × as long as maximum wide posteriorly; hind coxa dark-brown... + +africana + + +sp. nov. + + + + + +- Larger species; body length +4.2– 6.3 mm +, fore wing 3.7–5.0 mm; occipital carina complete; area superomedia 1.2 –1.8× as long as maximum wide; T2 1.6–2.0 × as long as maximum wide posteriorly; hind coxa mostly yellow...................... 9 + + + + + + +9. Body length +6.3 mm +, fore wing 5.0 mm; antenna with 23 flagellomeres, distinctly longer than fore wing; inner orbits strongly convergent to clypeus; longitudinal striae on T1–5; T2 2.0 × as long as posterior width...... + +ganica +Sheng et Sun (Oriental) + + + + + +- Body length +4.2 mm +, fore wing +3.7 mm +; antenna with 18 flagellomeres, nearly as long as fore wing; inner orbits moderately convergent downwards; longitudinal striae on T1–3; T2 1.6 × as long as posterior width.................................................................................................... + +fulvipes +Humala et Lee + +( +South Korea +) + + + + + + +10. Lower mesopleuron polished; T1 smooth, 4.2 × as long as posterior width, T2 2.1 × as long as posterior width; first flagellomere 7.0 × as long as wide; hind coxa polished, infuscate in basal half; hind femur yellowish.................................................................................................... + +petiolata +Humala et Lee + +( +South Korea +) + + + + +- Lower mesopleuron longitudinally striate; T1 longitudinally striate; T2 0.9–1.35 × as long as posterior width; first flagellomere 3.2–5.0 ×as long as wide; hind coxa coriaceous, black; hind femur dark brown.............. + +bispinosa +(Strobl) (Holarctic) + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/33/58/E3/3358E365FFAB10017BB7F982FCD217E0.xml b/data/33/58/E3/3358E365FFAB10017BB7F982FCD217E0.xml index 6eafc307703..8a9de00db59 100644 --- a/data/33/58/E3/3358E365FFAB10017BB7F982FCD217E0.xml +++ b/data/33/58/E3/3358E365FFAB10017BB7F982FCD217E0.xml @@ -1,44 +1,47 @@ - - - -First record of the genus Eusterinx Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Orthocentrinae) from the Afrotropical Region, with description of a new species from South Africa + + + +First record of the genus Eusterinx Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Orthocentrinae) from the Afrotropical Region, with description of a new species from South Africa - - -Author + + +Author -Humala, Andrei E. +Humala, Andrei E. +0000-0001-8741-254X +Forest Research Institute, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 185910, Pushkinskaya St. 11, Petrozavodsk, Russia +humala@krc.karelia.ru -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-11-08 + +2024 + +2024-11-08 - -5537 + +5537 - -2 + +2 - -281 -287 + +281 +287 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.8 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.8 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.8 -1175-5326 -14239561 -C06ABDBB-D80D-4719-A9E0-D8E5BE78D444 +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.8 +1175-5326 +14239561 +C06ABDBB-D80D-4719-A9E0-D8E5BE78D444 @@ -70,9 +73,11 @@ Humala Material examined . - + Holotype -: female, +: +female +, South Africa @@ -81,7 +86,7 @@ Humala , Royal Natal Nature Reserve , -Gudu Forest +Gudu Forest , 1680–1730 m @@ -100,7 +105,9 @@ Humala M. Mostovski ( SAMC -, catalogue number: SAM-HYM-P103720). +, catalogue number: +SAM-HYM-P103720 +). diff --git a/data/68/6B/87/686B87B5FF8EFFB95785ABC145214B4E.xml b/data/68/6B/87/686B87B5FF8EFFB95785ABC145214B4E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b0124f0eb5a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/68/6B/87/686B87B5FF8EFFB95785ABC145214B4E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1081 @@ + + + +Schizodon unimaculatus, a new species from the lower Rio São Francisco with a reappraisal of the Schizodon species presenting a caudal-peduncle blotch (Teleostei: Anostomidae) + + + +Author + +Garavello, Julio C. +0000-0003-2985-6665 +Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235, 13565 - 905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil +jgaravello@ufscar.br + + + +Author + +Britski, Heraldo A. +0000-0002-5593-9651 +Seção de Peixes, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Nazaré, 481, 04218 - 970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil +heraldo@usp.br + + + +Author + +Oliveira, Alexandre K. +0000-0003-4482-934X +Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235, 13565 - 905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil +pako@ufscar.br + + + +Author + +Melo, Bruno F. +0000-0002-0499-567X +Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235, 13565 - 905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil & Department of Ichthyology, American Museum of Natural History, 200 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024, USA & Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235, 13565 - 905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil & Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235, 13565 - 905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil +bmelo@amnh.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-11-08 + + +5537 + + +2 + + +245 +258 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.5 + +journal article +305879 +10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.5 +3b14c4c8-435f-423f-b743-10315152665d +1175-5326 +14239518 +28E2BC2F-1AB1-4073-818A-160FBAA69DD5 + + + + + + + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +DCE52151-1AD4-420F-A212-756F047C5EAD + + + +( +Fig. 1 +, +Table 1 +) + + + + + + +Holotype +. + +MZUSP 129259 +, 265.0 mm SL: +Brazil +, +Sergipe +, +Canindé do São Francisco +, +Rio São Francisco +, downstream of the +Xingó +hydroelectric reservoir, approximately +9º38’23”S +37º47’14”W +; +J.C. Garavello +, +A.S. Abe +, +Y. Sato +& +A.S. Soares +, + +17 Jun 1997 + +. + + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +LISDEBE 7902 +, +3 +, 213.0–275.0 mm SL; + + +MZUEL 23334 +, +1 +, 250.0 mm SL + +; + +MZUSP 129260 +, +4 +, 275.0–335.0 mm SL: same data as holotype + +; + +MZUSP 62723 +, +1 +, 110.0 mm SL, +Brazil +, +Sergipe +, +Propriá +, +Rio São Francisco +, approximately +10º12’30”S +, +36º49’0”W +, A. +V. Alcântara Cardoso +, + +6 Nov 1975 + + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +can be distinguished from congeners, except + +S. altoparanae + +, + +S. knerii + +, + +S. jacuiensis + +, + +S. nasutus + +, and + +S. rostratus + +, by the presence of a single conspicuous dark blotch on the caudal peduncle, a longitudinal dark stripe along the midlateral surface of the body, and three horizontally aligned brown blotches forming interrupted dorsolateral lines (vs. absence of dark blotch on caudal peduncle, absence of longitudinal stripe, and absence of aligned brown blotches in the remaining congeners). + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +differs from + +S. altoparanae + +and + +S. nasutus + +by having a subinferior mouth (vs. terminal in + +S. altoparanae + +and inferior in + +S. nasutus + +) and from + +S. rostratus + +by having a subinferior mouth (vs. terminal), 16 circumpeduncular scales (vs. 18–19), and by the presence of aligned brown blotches over the trunk (vs. absence). + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +additionally differs from + +S. altoparanae + +and + +S. jacuiensis + +by having an elongated inconspicuous light-brown stripe on lateral line combined with a dark brown blotch on caudal peduncle (vs. absence). + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +further differs from + +S. knerii + +by having 16 circumpeduncular scale series (vs. 18) and 32–34 preanal scales (vs. 36–37). + + + + +Description. +Morphometric and meristic data summarized in +Table 1 +. Body fusiform, typically three to four times as deep as wide. Dorsal profile of head nearly straight; greatest body depth at dorsal-fin origin; predorsal region at dorsal-fin base slightly convex; dorsal-fin base straight inclined; profile from that point to caudal peduncle anterior portion slightly inclined; caudal peduncle profile to outer upper rays of caudal fin concave. Profile of ventral margin of body from dentary to anal-fin insertion slightly convex with point of maximum inflection at pelvic-fin insertion; base of anal fin inclined and concave from that point to lower caudal peduncle and outer caudal-fin rays. Adipose-fin origin at vertical through base of first or second branched anal-fin ray and pelvic-fin origin at vertical through base of first or second branched dorsal-fin ray. Caudal fin long, upper lobe with elongated unbranched rays and slightly pointed margin; lower caudal lobe with unbranched rays shorter relative to upper lobe and with convex, rounded margin. + +Mouth relatively small, subinferior; upper and lower jaws horizontally aligned with lower margin of orbit. Ventral margin of premaxilla slightly curved with upper and lower lips slender. Each premaxillary and dentary with four teeth forming serrated cutting edge; teeth slightly graded in size; symphysial teeth longest on each jaw; teeth decreasing in size posteriorly. Anterior and posterior nostrils large and horizontally aligned with middle of orbit. Infraorbital large with supraorbital on anterodorsal margin of orbit; branchiostegal rays and opercular membrane fused at isthmus. +Dorsal fin rays ii,10, first branched dorsal-fin ray long. Anal-fin rays ii,8, first unbranched ray very short; first branched anal-fin ray slightly longer than posterior unbranched rays forming distinct lobe; anterior dorsal- and anal-fin rays flesh covered at base. Pectoral-fin rays i,15 or i,16, shape of extended pectoral fin almost triangular. Pelvic-fin rays i,8. Adipose fin short. Dorsal caudal-fin lobe slight pointed and markedly round, principal caudal-fin rays ramified. + + +TABLE 1. +Morphometrics of + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +, + +S. knerii + +, + +S. nasutus + +, and + +S. altoparanae + +expressed as percentages of standard length (SL) and head length (HL). Meristic data with numbers of specimens with each count in parenthesis. Holotype data in millimeters. SD = standard deviation. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +S. unimaculatus + + + +S. knerii + + + +S. nasutus + + + +S. altoparanae + +
HolotypeMinMaxMeanSDMinMaxMeanSDMinMaxMeanSDMinMaxMeanSD
Percentages of SL
Standard length (mm)295.0110.0335.0--114.5270.0--184.0255.0--138.0232.0--
Body depth24.623.328.225.51.623.032.228.23.019.629.524.73.125.428.426.91.0
Head length19.819.525.321.11.821.924.122.80.820.422.721.50.620.723.922.30.8
Trunk length80.274.780.578.91.875.978.177.20.877.379.678.50.676.179.377.70.8
Caudal peduncle depth10.010.011.510.60.410.212.511.60.69.210.510.00.49.911.210.60.3
Predorsal length40.539.944.541.91.743.546.544.81.042.146.544.31.343.545.844.60.6
Percentages of HL
Orbital diameter20.520.127.722.12.320.233.323.33.517.821.919.61.325.437.627.72.6
Snout length44.137.845.042.12.334.443.940.42.939.544.942.61.537.941.440.00.9
Interorbital width51.341.052.647.83.545.053.948.22.838.344.441.61.540.951.146.53.0
Lateral-line scales4343 (6) or 44 (3)43 (6) or 44 (8)42 (6) or 43 (11)42 (9) or 43 (10)
Transverse scales5/I/55/I/5 (9)5/I/5 (14)5/I/4 (10) or 5/I/5 (7)5/I/4 (19)
Predorsal scales1212 (3) or 13 (6)12 (14)12 (17)12 (12) or 13 (7)
Preanal scales3232 (2) or 33 (5) or 34 (2)36 (10) or 37 (4)32 (7) or 33 (10)33 (10) or 34 (9)
Circumpeduncular scales1616 (9)18 (14)16 (17)16 (19)
Teeth counts (pmx/dent)4/44/4 (9)4/4 (14)4/4 (17)4/4 (19)
+ +Body scaled. Lateral line with 43 (6) or 44 (3) pored scales. Sixteen horizontally aligned regular scale series around caudal peduncle, immediately posterior to adipose fin insertion. Five and half scale rows above lateral line and five scale rows below lateral line; incomplete series of scales at base of dorsal and anal fins; 12 (3) or 13 (6) scales in predorsal longitudinal series; 32 to 34 preanal scales. + +Coloration in alcohol. +Overall ground color light brown above lateral line between opercle and caudal peduncle; light beige two scale series below lateral line, abdomen, and lower caudal peduncle. Dorsal surface of head light brown; ventral surface of head, gular region and branchiostegal membranes light beige. Dark brown pigmentation at base of scales, three series of horizontal scales of midlateral trunk, two series upper the lateral line and lateral line from opercle membrane, along middle trunk, and caudal peduncle. Light brown pigmentation on anterior dorsum to opercle; opercle fleshy flap hyaline. Large dark brown blotch on caudal peduncle, reaching middle branched rays of caudal fin; dorsal and ventral lobes of caudal fin light brown ( +Fig. 1 +). + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Schizodon unimaculatus +, MZUSP + +129259, holotype, 265 mm SL, Rio São Francisco, Canindé do São Francisco, Sergipe, Brazil. + + + + +Etymology. +The epithet derives from the Latin +uni +, meaning single, and +maculatus +in reference to the large dark brown blotch over caudal peduncle that characterizes the species. The specific name is an adjective in the nominative singular. + + + + +Distribution. + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +is only known from the lower section of the Rio São Francisco between former Paulo Afonso and Xingó waterfalls, +Sergipe +, +Brazil +( +Fig. 2 +). + + + + +Morphometric analyses. +While similar in color pattern with the new species, + +Schizodon knerii + +, + +S. jacuiensis +, +S. rostratus +, +S. nasutus + +and + +S. altoparanae + +are distinct relative to morphometric characters. We compared samples of + +S. knerii +, +S. nasutus + +and + +S. altoparanae + +with + +S. unimaculatus + +based on principal component analysis (PCA) applied to ten ample measurements. To examine the size and shape between these species, we analyzed two statistically distinct principal component axes ( + +Bookstein +et al. +, 1985 + +). The first PCA compares + +S. unimaculatus + +with + +S. altoparanae + +, in which the PC1 explains 95.2% of the total variance and PC2 explains 2.15% of the total variance, respectively ( +Table 2 +). The analysis reveals that they have similar body shape but differ in corporal proportions ( +Fig. 3 +; +Table 2 +). The PCA analysis indicates mandible width (0.3975), trunk length (0.3888), interorbital width (0.3392), snout length (0.3175), caudal-peduncle depth (0.3122), and body depth (0.3062) as main characters to distinguish those species in PC1, while orbital diameter (0.6737) and mandible width (-0.6506) as main characters to distinguish those species in PC2. + + + +FIGURE 2. +Geographic distribution of + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +(red stars) and related species of + +Schizodon +. + +Symbols may represent more than one sampling site. + + + + +FIGURE 3. +Principal component analysis (PCA) on samples of + +Schizodon altoparanae + +(black circles) and + +S. unimaculatus + +(white squares) along PC1 and PC2 axis. + + + + +TABLE 2. +Principal component analysis of + +Schizodon altoparanae + +(n=17) and + +S. unimaculatus + +(n=8). Variable loadings of ten characters for principal component axis 1 and 2. Asterisks represent main characters distinguishing the two species. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
PC 1PC 2
Eigenvalue0.06380.0014
% of variance95.202.15
Standard length0.35930.1408
Head length0.25610.0060
Trunk length0.3888*0.1865
Body depth0.3062*0.1365
Predorsal length0.28710.1219
Snout length0.3175*0.0296
Interorbital width0.3392*0.1125
Orbital diameter0.08160.6737*
Caudal peduncle depth0.3122*-0.1454
Mandible width0.3975*-0.6506*
+ + +The second PCA analysis was done between samples of + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +and + +S. nasutus + +where the PC1 explained 88.4% and PC2 explained 6.5% of the total variance, respectively, showing they have similar body shape, but differ in corporal proportions ( +Fig. 4 +; +Table 3 +). The second PCA analysis between these species indicates that body depth (0.3482), interorbital width (0.3981), caudal peduncle depth (0.3348) and mandibular width (0.3891) in PC1 and body depth (0.6372) and mandibular width (-0.6850) in PC2 are the main characters to discriminate + +S. nasutus + +from + +S. unimaculatus + +( +Fig. 4 +; +Table 3 +). + + + +FIGURE 4. +Principal component analysis (PCA) on samples of + +Schizodon nasutus + +(black circles) and + +S. unimaculatus + +(white squares) along PC1 and PC2 axis. + + + + +TABLE 3. +Principal component analysis of + +Schizodon nasutus + +(n=16) and + +S. unimaculatus + +(n=8). Variable loadings of ten characters for principal component axis 1 and 2. Asterisks represent main characters distinguishing the two species. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
PC 1PC 2
Eigenvalue0.04110.0031
% of variance88.456.59
Standard length0.2976-0.0298
Head length0.24610.0677
Trunk length0.3111-0.0560
Body depth0.3482*0.6372*
Pre dorsal length0.23560.1320
Snout length0.26250.2502
Interorbital width0.3981*-0.1734
Orbital diameter0.29410.0770
Caudal peduncle depth0.3348*0.0115
Mandibular width0.3891*-0.6850*
+ + +The third PCA was done between samples of + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +and + +S. knerii + +on fifteen corporal proportions, where the PC1 explained 45.9% and PC2 explained 20.8% of the total variance. It revealed they have similar body shape but differ in corporal proportions ( +Fig. 5 +; +Table 4 +). The PCA analysis between these species indicates the ninth anal-fin ray length (0.6766), body depth (0.4434), premaxillary length (-0.4328), head depth (-0.2082), and interorbital width (0.2040) in PC1, and body depth (0.2676), mandibular width (-0.6300), orbital diameter (0.4354), and ninth anal fin ray length (-0.3752) in PC2 as the main characters to discriminate + +S. knerii + +and the new species ( +Fig. 5 +; +Table 4 +). + + + +FIGURE 5. +Principal component analysis (PCA) on samples of + +Schizodon knerii + +(black dots) and + +Schizodon unimaculatus + +(white squares) along PC1 and PC2 axis. + + + + +TABLE 4. +Principal component analysis of + +Schizodon knerii + +(n=9) and + +S. unimaculatus + +(n=8). Variable loadings of ten characters for principal component axis 1 and 2. Asterisks represent main characters distinguishing the two species. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
PC 1PC 2
Eigenvalue0.00460.0021
% of variance45.9020.88
Standard length-0.0790-0.0357
Head length0.04520.1448
Trunk length-0.1117-0.0863
Body depth0.4434*0.2676*
Predorsal length-0.14410.0113
Snout length0.05100.2275
Interorbital width0.2040*0.2357*
Orbital diameter-0.01500.4354*
Caudal peduncle depth0.09910.1937
Ninth anal fin ray length0.6766*-0.3752*
Interopercular width-0.1315-0.0072
Head depth-0.2082*-0.0086
Premaxillary length-0.4328*-0.1627
Mandibular width0.0439-0.6300*
+ + +A canonical discriminate component analysis (CVA) was performed among samples of + +Schizodon nasutus + +, + +S. altoparanae + +, and + +S. unimaculatus + +based on ten corporal proportions ( +Table 5 +), where CV1 explained 85.0% and CV2 explained 14.9% of the total variance. It also revealed that they have similar body shape but differ in corporal proportions ( +Fig. 6 +; +Table 5 +). The CVA analysis among these species indicates orbital diameter (0.0108) as the main character to discriminate the three species in CV1 and mandibular width (0.0358), interorbital width (0.0282), trunk length (0.0271), caudal peduncle depth (0. 0267), and body depth (0.0233) in CV2 as the main characters discriminating + +S. nasutus + +from + +S. altoparanae + +and both from the new species in the space of the canonical discriminate components CV1 and CV2 ( +Fig. 6 +; +Table 5 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/9A/69/07/9A690710FFAB7133FF4288BCFCCA1853.xml b/data/9A/69/07/9A690710FFAB7132FF4288BCFDBC1D27.xml similarity index 85% rename from data/9A/69/07/9A690710FFAB7133FF4288BCFCCA1853.xml rename to data/9A/69/07/9A690710FFAB7132FF4288BCFDBC1D27.xml index 8c51dfe2bdf..a4bbd10c47d 100644 --- a/data/9A/69/07/9A690710FFAB7133FF4288BCFCCA1853.xml +++ b/data/9A/69/07/9A690710FFAB7132FF4288BCFDBC1D27.xml @@ -1,70 +1,76 @@ - - - -Discovery of Elytrurini in Wallacea with a description of Exophthalmida elytrodon sp. nov. from Morotai Island (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae) + + + +Discovery of Elytrurini in Wallacea with a description of Exophthalmida elytrodon sp. nov. from Morotai Island (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae) - - -Author + + +Author -Yunakov, Nikolai -Institute of Biodiversity, NGO, 109 West Wyoming Ave., Melrose, MA 02176, USA. +Yunakov, Nikolai +0000-0002-0824-7804 +Institute of Biodiversity, NGO, 109 West Wyoming Ave., Melrose, MA 02176, USA. +n.yunakov@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Bollino, Maurizio -Maurizio Bollino, Museo di Storia naturale del Salento, 73021 Calimera (Lecce), Italy. +Bollino, Maurizio +0000-0002-4982-8453 +Maurizio Bollino, Museo di Storia naturale del Salento, 73021 Calimera (Lecce), Italy. +phalaecus@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Pancini, Lorenzo -World Biodiversity Association Onlus c / o Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9, Verona, Italy. +Pancini, Lorenzo +0009-0006-9202-3489 +World Biodiversity Association Onlus c / o Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9, Verona, Italy. +lorenzopancini74@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Anderson, Robert -0000-0003-0665-2977 -Institute of Biodiversity, NGO, 109 West Wyoming Ave., Melrose, MA 02176, USA. & Institute of Biodiversity, NGO, 109 West Wyoming Ave., Melrose, MA 02176, USA. -randerson@nature.ca +Anderson, Robert +0000-0003-0665-2977 +Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Canadian Museum of Nature, 1740 Chemin Pink, Gatineau, Quebec, J 9 J 3 N 7, Canada. +randerson@nature.ca -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-11-08 + +2024 + +2024-11-08 - -5537 + +5537 - -2 + +2 - -270 -280 + +270 +280 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.7 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.7 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.7 -1175-5326 -14239537 -E23DA3F1-ADED-4719-A1A1-37F8446DCD59 +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5537.2.7 +1175-5326 +14239537 +E23DA3F1-ADED-4719-A1A1-37F8446DCD59 - + @@ -115,7 +121,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: XI.2018 ; -Alim Yasin +Alim Yasin . @@ -150,7 +156,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: North Daeo Majiko Village / ( -South Morotai—Morotai +South Morotai—Morotai I.) XII.2019 @@ -178,7 +184,7 @@ I.) North Daeo Majiko Village / ( -South Morotai—Morotai +South Morotai—Morotai I.) X.2019 @@ -204,7 +210,7 @@ I.) North Daeo Majiko Village / ( -South Morotai—Morotai +South Morotai—Morotai I.) XII.2019 @@ -226,7 +232,7 @@ I.) , South Morotai Island / -Daeo village +Daeo village / XII.2020 @@ -246,7 +252,7 @@ I.) , South Morotai Island / -Daeo village +Daeo village / XII.2020 @@ -266,7 +272,7 @@ I.) , South Morotai Island / -Daeo village +Daeo village / XII.2020 @@ -277,7 +283,7 @@ I.) . - + Diagnosis @@ -305,6 +311,8 @@ Boisduval, 1835 Riedel & O’Brien 1995 ). + + Exophthalmida elytrodon @@ -636,5 +644,55 @@ on Morotai Island challenges previous biogeographic assumptions about the distri . Further exploration of other islands in Wallacea may yield more exciting discoveries. + + +FIGURE 6 +. + +Exophthalmida elytrodon + +sp.n. +, fragment of the habitat with groves of pili nut tree, + +Canarium ovatum +Engl. + +( +Burseraceae +) and feeding weevils. Lateral leaf chewing notches are visible. + + + + + +Ecology + + + +Beetles were observed feeding on the leaves of pili nut trees, + +Canarium ovatum +Engl. + +( +Burseraceae +). ( +Fig. 6 +). + + + + +Etymology + + +The name (noun in apposition) is derived from the weevil genus + +Elytrodon +Schoenherr, 1826 + +due to similarities in the elytral subapical spines in females. + + \ No newline at end of file