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Figures 20, 22
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Abtheilung fuer Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="257 - 360" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. (Schluss.) Zoologische Jahrbuecher." volume="8" year="1895">Emery 1895</bibRefCitation>
<subSubSection id="20A35403B6808C82B54B97333A6D6983" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B6FD05D9076EEEC48DA2FBE26595A60D" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
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<bibRefCitation id="64BBCFA3493B46F72CA673110A927708" author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Abtheilung fuer Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="257 - 360" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. (Schluss.) Zoologische Jahrbuecher." volume="8" year="1895">Emery 1895</bibRefCitation>
: 321. Syntype workers, South Dakota, Colorado [MSNG] [Images of CASENT0904762 syntype worker examined].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvispinosus">Leptothorax curvispinosus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="8556613BC2964ADD8F49DCB5D3DD35D7" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="9E88159175F63E42F873F439EEFB3F9C" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvispinosus">Leptothorax curvispinosus</taxonomicName>
subsp. rugatulus
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="215 - 260" title="A revision of the North American ants of the genus Leptothorax Mayr." volume="55" year="1903">Wheeler 1903</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4F46C3973F4FF5720F15BC588605D43A" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="215 - 260" title="A revision of the North American ants of the genus Leptothorax Mayr." volume="55" year="1903">Wheeler 1903</bibRefCitation>
: 241.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7F58147907802AFA5349BF5F8B4FE5A0" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
(Emery) as junior synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvispinosus">Leptothorax curvispinosus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="829A7C24B9528D602B5528F739B9D170" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvispinosus">Leptothorax curvispinosus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus subsp. rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="curvispinosus" subSpecies="rugatulus">Leptothorax curvispinosus rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="CCEE93939E5AF7FC63CE284687721439" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="CBE5F1FF08D9C3D758065761102E834B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus subsp. rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="curvispinosus" subSpecies="rugatulus">Leptothorax curvispinosus rugatulus</taxonomicName>
var. cockerelli
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="215 - 260" title="A revision of the North American ants of the genus Leptothorax Mayr." volume="55" year="1903">Wheeler 1903</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="BB1FE1D56F8E5DAA379925103BD4DA16" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="215 - 260" title="A revision of the North American ants of the genus Leptothorax Mayr." volume="55" year="1903">Wheeler 1903</bibRefCitation>
: 241. 10 syntype workers, Las Vegas Hot Springs, New Mexico [MCZC] [Images of MCZ_21044 syntype worker examined]. Synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Creighton, WS" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 585" title="The ants of North America." volume="104" year="1950">Creighton 1950</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="88568E8E607A8DE81E3B7DEFA699A824" author="Creighton, WS" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 585" title="The ants of North America." volume="104" year="1950">Creighton 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 269.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus subsp. rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="curvispinosus" subSpecies="rugatulus">Leptothorax curvispinosus rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="1C26884DEF9A1FE1F2BA31D60F99ECA7" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="9C82BA5C8695D4FB4228D29F52DAEC95" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus subsp. rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="curvispinosus" subSpecies="rugatulus">Leptothorax curvispinosus rugatulus</taxonomicName>
var. annectens
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="215 - 260" title="A revision of the North American ants of the genus Leptothorax Mayr." volume="55" year="1903">Wheeler 1903</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7DE331793A5AD0F68C4A093E33C9105D" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="215 - 260" title="A revision of the North American ants of the genus Leptothorax Mayr." volume="55" year="1903">Wheeler 1903</bibRefCitation>
: 242. 4 syntype workers, Boulder, Colorado [MCZC] [Images of MCZ_22776 syntype worker examined]. Synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Creighton, WS" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 585" title="The ants of North America." volume="104" year="1950">Creighton 1950</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="782A4EF30BBCEC4EB62A9E29FD28D630" author="Creighton, WS" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 585" title="The ants of North America." volume="104" year="1950">Creighton 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 269.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="B42F45A4B7F299AD97EDB21A3B7325DD" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="C70DFDB5FE1E4B6DDAD0E41E16B6933E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
(Emery)
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="501EBC3E7EB686379C62620010DA5C40" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
: 509. Revived status as species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName genus="Leptotothorax" lsidName="Leptotothorax rugatulus" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptotothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="4EAB2BB699F10DAB8BEB1FFF2D632F75" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="844FA238F218D828770BB4E3C7A30848" genus="Leptotothorax" lsidName="Leptotothorax rugatulus" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptotothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
var. mediorufus
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7912C29976DCB69C7A9097599C61ADB4" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
: 510. Six syntype workers, Lake Tahoe, California [MCZC] [Images of MCZ_8675 syntype worker examined]. Synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Creighton, WS" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 585" title="The ants of North America." volume="104" year="1950">Creighton 1950</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="F632D55A1E8FDD744C77B9B0CBF6A09E" author="Creighton, WS" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 585" title="The ants of North America." volume="104" year="1950">Creighton 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 269.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="0CA77665B260BB92542AC0DDD9DD86BB" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="FC5474A25280CC6885EB53E3EEB15F0A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
subsp. brunnescens
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="90F1006297425214367B407DE1AD0CE7" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
: 510. Syntype workers, Creede, Colorado [MCZC] [Images of MCZ_23661 syntype worker examined]. Synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Mackay, WP" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="265 - 444" title="A review of the New World ants of the subgenus Myrafant, (Genus Leptothorax) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2000">Mackay 2000</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C9A78599742C24A25BED7228CE8E06AD" author="Mackay, WP" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="265 - 444" title="A review of the New World ants of the subgenus Myrafant, (Genus Leptothorax) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2000">Mackay 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 394.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="E062CEF341F80357F0B0F8813CF934ED" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="05D04EB3949615106DCF99EF1E4A4F3B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
subsp. cockerelli Wheeler;
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="6722AA71C20F84BC9162AFA726E1438F" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
: 510.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus subsp. rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="curvispinosus" subSpecies="rugatulus">Leptothorax curvispinosus rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="526EE6A33F7066E3E637480747D77536" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus subsp. rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="curvispinosus" subSpecies="rugatulus">Leptothorax curvispinosus rugatulus</taxonomicName>
var. cockerelli raised to subspecies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="8ED8CF0138975547C1A7CC394E2FE05C" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="3D6178B808036D91ACAAA63AEC7C6F27" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Leptothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
subsp. annectens Wheeler;
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="D774FB73738CA01B6D17A428B3F70D67" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
: 510.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus subsp. rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="curvispinosus" subSpecies="rugatulus">Leptothorax curvispinosus rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="201DBE37D31A7BC7241815E8C20947D9" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax curvispinosus subsp. rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="curvispinosus" subSpecies="rugatulus">Leptothorax curvispinosus rugatulus</taxonomicName>
var. annectens raised to subspecies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax (Myrafant) rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus" subGenus="Myrafant">Leptothorax (Myrafant) rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="1CFCF5178643E3F036D8E225274B8400" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="6BE92CB55DEB5D69F6600F9C4CF91D91" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax (Myrafant) rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus" subGenus="Myrafant">Leptothorax (Myrafant) rugatulus</taxonomicName>
Emery;
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, MR" journalOrPublisher="Psyche (Cambridge)" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" title="On the status of Leptothorax Mayr and some of its subgenera. Psyche 57: 29 - 30." url="10.1155/1950/80458" year="1950">M. R. Smith 1950</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="8A4F009CDECEDF933BA87FBFDDDBF670" author="Smith, MR" journalOrPublisher="Psyche (Cambridge)" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" title="On the status of Leptothorax Mayr and some of its subgenera. Psyche 57: 29 - 30." url="10.1155/1950/80458" year="1950">M. R. Smith 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 30. First combination in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax (Myrafant)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Myrafant">Leptothorax (Myrafant)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E333596F820356896CE1D7ABF7A0464A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax (Myrafant)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Myrafant">Leptothorax (Myrafant)</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Temnothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="B8F8CFE6586E435BA0E9D476A9AAB6B4" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="3FD311A7B62D2762D60087CB065518EE" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax rugatulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">Temnothorax rugatulus</taxonomicName>
(Emery);
<bibRefCitation author="Bolton, B" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 370" title="Synopsis and classification of Formicidae." volume="71" year="2003">Bolton 2003</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7DF164EBCAF5A7A570A739DE4BAE4232" author="Bolton, B" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="34" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 370" title="Synopsis and classification of Formicidae." volume="71" year="2003">Bolton 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 272. First combination in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Temnothorax</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C657A7FC4C60955277B4EDB0E89BDB92" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Temnothorax</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">65 series from California, 14 series from Arizona, 4 series from Oregon, 4 series from Nevada [MLBC, MMPC, PSWC, UCDC].</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="E36F69899736484F42A3C4AF637F3279" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="464EF6C6ECA4F8D58F0DBEA1674A56AD" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CFAE7C66B06C052F326092E87C0112F7" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">65 series from California, 14 series from Arizona, 4 series from Oregon, 4 series from Nevada [MLBC, MMPC, PSWC, UCDC].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection id="0794976BCD01507BDCC2A0182FBB8D52" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="D8B8F2C4A2A42790A22B2EE3B50E9BB5" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2496CEC1266658E73EB785573BF21A6E" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
See
<bibRefCitation author="Mackay, WP" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="265 - 444" title="A review of the New World ants of the subgenus Myrafant, (Genus Leptothorax) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2000">Mackay (2000)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C5338F5E162A6CAA4B2387728A1DD110" author="Mackay, WP" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="265 - 444" title="A review of the New World ants of the subgenus Myrafant, (Genus Leptothorax) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2000">Mackay (2000)</bibRefCitation>
for a full description of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,98 +1,99 @@
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Temnothorax_rudis" authority="Wheeler, 1917" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax rudis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rudis">Temnothorax rudis (Wheeler, 1917)</taxonomicName>
<treatment id="C36A9ED3AC1167B558532998A7B219BA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050651" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C36A9ED3AC1167B558532998A7B219BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C36A9ED3AC1167B558532998A7B219BA" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<paragraph id="081B5E080F25E4D4362D6243B94988FC" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="58E93C59337467EA249BA82751CF2E9B" ID-CoL="CMZVV" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Temnothorax_rudis" authority="Wheeler, 1917" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax rudis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rudis">Temnothorax rudis (Wheeler, 1917)</taxonomicName>
Figures 20-22
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax nevadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">Leptothorax nevadensis</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="BCD57FBC7232DC4BB93AFB1EAE9D2B1C" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="288FAE6023646D0723C76D364CFFB0B6" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="0C60D17F82838530564C1D72A855855A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax nevadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">Leptothorax nevadensis</taxonomicName>
subsp. rudis
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="2E68139F8979941D144901B750C1B9AE" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" pagination="457 - 569" title="The mountain ants of western North America." url="10.2307/20025695" volume="52" year="1917">Wheeler 1917</bibRefCitation>
: 508. Six syntype workers, Camp Curry, Yosemite, California [MCZC] [Images of MCZ_8676 syntype worker examined]. Revived from synonymy and raised to species by
<bibRefCitation author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 68" title="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="936" year="2005">Ward 2005</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="CD6C3C219EA967AD0F0A31C6E3B42719" author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 68" title="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="936" year="2005">Ward 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 19.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rudis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rudis">Leptothorax rudis</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="DB2D109EFA7A5857D4B6ACE577D8BABC" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="BD76FE0ECADAE65AE8950DCE1167C00B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax rudis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rudis">Leptothorax rudis</taxonomicName>
Wheeler;
<bibRefCitation author="Stuart, RJ" journalOrPublisher="Naturwissenschaften" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="375 - 377" title="Genetic component to division of labor among workers of a leptothoracine ant." url="10.1007/BF01131615" volume="78" year="1991">Stuart and Page 1991</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="AAD9A6CF79B234F3B98E6A0023FE37F1" author="Stuart, RJ" journalOrPublisher="Naturwissenschaften" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="375 - 377" title="Genetic component to division of labor among workers of a leptothoracine ant." url="10.1007/BF01131615" volume="78" year="1991">Stuart and Page 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 375. Genetic study (rudis implicitly raised to species).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax (Myrafant) nevadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis" subGenus="Myrafant">Leptothorax (Myrafant) nevadensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Mackay, WP" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="265 - 444" title="A review of the New World ants of the subgenus Myrafant, (Genus Leptothorax) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2000">Mackay 2000</bibRefCitation>
<paragraph id="F8273275BB4D10B76BD3D95B66DE898E" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="EB987C7649BB6DF3AAC1631680A51989" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax (Myrafant) nevadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis" subGenus="Myrafant">Leptothorax (Myrafant) nevadensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EAA27EA3721F8C28F7FB4D004F7694ED" author="Mackay, WP" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="265 - 444" title="A review of the New World ants of the subgenus Myrafant, (Genus Leptothorax) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="36" year="2000">Mackay 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 376.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax nevadensis subsp. rudis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nevadensis" subSpecies="rudis">Leptothorax nevadensis rudis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="1790947ED8F32B992CB10A20D29EFCA9" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptothorax nevadensis subsp. rudis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nevadensis" subSpecies="rudis">Leptothorax nevadensis rudis</taxonomicName>
(Wheeler) as junior synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax nevadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">Temnothorax nevadensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B3C5745B1A4481ED222145A2FAA1BE94" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax nevadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">Temnothorax nevadensis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax rudis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rudis">Temnothorax rudis</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="DBB0FB5A2ADDDAE3B644C719E4C66914" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="717E29349F6C121DA1BB2D174711C64D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax rudis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rudis">Temnothorax rudis</taxonomicName>
(Wheeler);
<bibRefCitation author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 68" title="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="936" year="2005">Ward 2005</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4B74E8DB3E925300D3E5BB1811B16BE9" author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 68" title="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="936" year="2005">Ward 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 19. First combination in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Temnothorax</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="FB0A82F082F0CBA14A30B7C08AE30C78" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Temnothorax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Temnothorax</taxonomicName>
, revived from synonymy and raised to species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">150 series from California, 3 series from Oregon [MLBC, MMPC, PSWC, UCDC].</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C1B0D709F2243FCE9798186D6A4E175B" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="8849B8D46DB9A92A91607720B8C97449" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE5F0E00E30E5154D5FB8FB8799B6769" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">150 series from California, 3 series from Oregon [MLBC, MMPC, PSWC, UCDC].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection id="C6028A08FF2E1331232CC17C6230EAFD" pageId="24" pageNumber="51" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="916624C8CB9CB039B056520425430B9F" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D72DA8EB591966EB02046E6D16721417" pageId="24" pageNumber="51">
See
<bibRefCitation author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 68" title="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="936" year="2005">Ward (2005)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="6264F72FDD543741EBA327E22B5395C6" author="Ward, PS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="35" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 68" title="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="936" year="2005">Ward (2005)</bibRefCitation>
for a discussion of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>