Add updates up until 2024-12-16 15:26:55
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<document id="1FA9F373BD4D92FEAD654D3276390458" ID-DOI="10.2110/palo.2009.p09-056r" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f8eb471f-471a-4b29-8a58-ef3da4eb2c87" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3942885" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.treatments_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1592905825948" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Joseph E. Peterson, Michael D. Henderson, Reed P. Scherer & Christopher P. Vittore" docDate="2009" docId="03F987D85A3EFFFBD9E6FC051AF4FC10" docLanguage="en" docName="Petersonetal2009.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Palaios 24" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Tyrannosaurus rex Osborn" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="783" masterDocId="FFC0FFA05A3EFFF8D97CF9081F50FFEB" masterDocTitle="Face biting on a juvenile tyrannosaurid and behavioral implications" masterLastPageNumber="784" masterPageNumber="780" pageNumber="780" updateTime="1698775918997" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="A1B31DD414A9AEBC05F83B35B708A730">Face biting on a juvenile tyrannosaurid and behavioral implications</mods:title>
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<document id="5343962CE112D758FF2BF6BB11F7C204" ID-DOI="10.2110/palo.2009.p09-056r" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f8eb471f-471a-4b29-8a58-ef3da4eb2c87" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3942885" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.treatments_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1592905825948" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Joseph E. Peterson, Michael D. Henderson, Reed P. Scherer & Christopher P. Vittore" docDate="2009" docId="03F987D85A3EFFFBD9E6FC051AF4FC10" docLanguage="en" docName="Petersonetal2009.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Palaios 24" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Tyrannosaurus rex" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="783" masterDocId="FFC0FFA05A3EFFF8D97CF9081F50FFEB" masterDocTitle="Face biting on a juvenile tyrannosaurid and behavioral implications" masterLastPageNumber="784" masterPageNumber="780" pageNumber="780" updateTime="1734362553350" updateUser="jeremy">
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<mods:title id="D7848B0E76773B80D26E932D26450279">Face biting on a juvenile tyrannosaurid and behavioral implications</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DD805A867A70B07102673C5F840288C8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B297193DBDE5A9CAC91F6B72BAC1515D">Joseph E. Peterson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6E32FCC22FE695F96CF730467194D58F">Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, 60115, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="ED84E76F2F36FDF41339C00289DA2A4B" type="email">joe-peterson@niu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F9C8916A0BF465A679F5FCF1EFBC0A0C">Joseph E. Peterson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B9C4F6443E7DA248DAC1B3E1A05542D">Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, 60115, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D6697F6A0AE75A8BEDDFC849F1EA6080" type="email">joe-peterson@niu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2E80E71A8A6187707E0D833BBC3D443A">Michael D. Henderson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C0F0CA9C6DEE154E9BF2A99BD437CB33">Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, 60115, USA, Burpee Museum of Natural History, 737 North Main Street, Rockford, Illinois, 61103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="64D707E43B886B7A29EF36EDB4916214">Michael D. Henderson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2861D663A22FFC62D112055F08F66526">Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, 60115, USA, Burpee Museum of Natural History, 737 North Main Street, Rockford, Illinois, 61103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6348F093568B85E495B6EB4DD512C23C">Reed P. Scherer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="925C47B903C147E6007884702DE8ED8D">Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, 60115, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="47795FBC6B855222A55B2BCEA1B6F3C7">Reed P. Scherer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EE486D5AD8E4CE7BA35F5D2C465CA284">Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, 60115, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F8302052D71BFFB771B0DD5B15E7CDA2">Christopher P. Vittore</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="565D5E385DC0449DFE5D11B48B862218">Department of Radiology, Rockford Memorial Hospital, 2400 N. Rockton Ave. Rockford, Illinois, 61103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9AE0F61FA90E1E98358CA0DD413933D6">Christopher P. Vittore</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3BA0AE924F88643AB7D5F7187D38A328">Department of Radiology, Rockford Memorial Hospital, 2400 N. Rockton Ave. Rockford, Illinois, 61103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="518E94C4DAD09B673C4BFA96DB7F38B7">Palaios</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="C08D198283A73517D6BB163F30F03074">Palaios</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="366CF7B943B3F5F33E512B89A4553F92">
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<mods:date id="32EA3FB921B9080BCE801452CE647F87">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0A73B663E0C4CBB94236C2D714FB8B02">24</mods:number>
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<mods:date id="DFFE9B5B221891FF062570AADDAFD171">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="83AE1AF0036E629A3FB77F5CCA6FC303">24</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="416037B848E5F384FEE36F2211E44290">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C34AAF64A1C85B0CAB5746D43072236C" type="DOI">10.2110/palo.2009.p09-056r</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F987D85A3EFFFBD9E6FC051AF4FC10" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165074850" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F987D85A3EFFFBD9E6FC051AF4FC10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F987D85A3EFFFBD9E6FC051AF4FC10" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="783" pageId="0" pageNumber="780">
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<subSubSection id="C34A65455A3EFFF8D9E6FC051BC9FAF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="780" type="description">
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@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ since it had not yet reached a phase of rapid growth (
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<paragraph id="8BEF36CE5A3EFFF9DA34FC121C2BF905" blockId="0.[818,1473,1136,1357]" lastBlockId="1.[845,1500,1667,2002]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="781" pageId="0" pageNumber="780">
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<subSubSection id="C34A65455A3EFFF9DA34FC121C7DF839" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="781" pageId="0" pageNumber="780" type="nomenclature">
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The skeleton was partially articulated when discovered, and consists of a nearly complete and well-preserved skull, found disarticulated above the animal’s hips, and a large portion of the postcranial skeleton. The depositional setting indicates rapid burial of the skeleton, and there is no evidence for predation or extensive scavenging. Cranial characters closely resemble those of another late Maastrichtian specimen (CMNH 7541 [Cleveland Museum of Natural History]), which has been interpreted as belonging to either a juvenile
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D4D5A3FFFF9DB3EFE1A1DBEF8CC" authority="Osborn, 1905" authorityName="Osborn" box="[578,750,1810,1831]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="781" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D4D5A3FFFF9DB3EFE1A1DBEF8CC" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[578,750,1810,1831]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="781" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
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<emphasis id="B924EADC5A3FFFF9DB3EFE1A1DBEF8CC" box="[578,750,1810,1831]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="781">Tyrannosaurus rex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ The skeleton was partially articulated when discovered, and consists of a nearly
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B3F5A3FFFF9D9A5FE261E8AF8AF" author="CARR, T. D. & WILLIAMSON, T. E." box="[217,474,1838,1860]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="1" pageNumber="781" pagination="479 - 523" part="142" refId="ref3341" refString="CARR, T. D., and WILLIAMSON, T. E., 2004. Diversity of late Maastrichtian Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from western North America: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, v. 142, p. 479 - 523." title="Diversity of late Maastrichtian Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from western North America" type="book chapter" year="2004">Carr and Williamson, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) or a separate taxon,
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D4D5A3FFFF9DBD3FE271FBEF8B4" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="781" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D4D5A3FFFF9DBD3FE271FBEF8B4" authorityName="Gilmore" authorityYear="1946" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="781" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
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<emphasis id="B924EADC5A3FFFF9DBD3FE271FBEF8B4" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="781">Nanotyrannus lancensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ are similar to those found on extant crocodilians (
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Erickson at al. (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B3F5A3DFFFBD83BFCA91E24FA5C" author="ERICKSON, G. M. & CURRIE, P. J. & INOUYE, B. D. & WINN, A. A." box="[327,372,1441,1463]" journalOrPublisher="Science" pageId="3" pageNumber="783" pagination="213 - 217" part="313" refId="ref3576" refString="ERICKSON, G. M., CURRIE, P. J., INOUYE, B. D., and WINN, A. A., 2006, Tyrannosaur life tables: An example of nonavian dinosaur population biology: Science, v. 313, p. 213 - 217." title="Tyrannosaur life tables: An example of nonavian dinosaur population biology" type="journal article" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
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) indicate that
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D4D5A3DFFFBD885FCAA1DF2FA5C" authority="Osborn, 1905" authorityName="Osborn" box="[505,674,1442,1463]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D4D5A3DFFFBD885FCAA1DF2FA5C" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[505,674,1442,1463]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
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<emphasis id="B924EADC5A3DFFFBD885FCAA1DF2FA5C" box="[505,674,1442,1463]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="783">Tyrannosaurus rex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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reached sexual maturity at 14 years of age.
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@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ vultures, though conflicts rarely result in serious injury. The most violent int
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While juvenile tyrannosaurids are both rare and poorly known with little evidence upon which to infer their behavior, injuries that have been phylogenetically determined as bite marks suggest behaviors such as intraspecific aggression. Placement of
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<materialsCitation id="3B383C935A3DFFFBDDB0FA7C1A31FC61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2813097328" box="[1228,1377,884,906]" collectionCode="BMR" pageId="3" pageNumber="783" specimenCode="BMP P2002.4.1">BMR P2002.4.1</materialsCitation>
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on a logistic growth curve for
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D4D5A3DFFFBDA97FA991BC4FC4D" authority="Osborn, 1905" authorityName="Osborn" box="[1003,1172,913,934]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D4D5A3DFFFBDA97FA991BC4FC4D" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1003,1172,913,934]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
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<emphasis id="B924EADC5A3DFFFBDA97FA991BC4FC4D" box="[1003,1172,913,934]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="783">Tyrannosaurus rex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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indicates that the specimen was not yet sexually mature (
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