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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313" ID-PMC="PMC4568406" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-3-e6313" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFE5FF837519E9253D17614AFFA8FFC1" ID-PubMed="26379469" ID-Zenodo-Dep="574474" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1314-2828-3-e6313" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve" checkinTime="1553126447904" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Telfer, Angela C, Young, Monica R, Quinn, Jenna, Perez, Kate, Sobel, Crystal N, Sones, Jayme E, Levesque-Beaudin, Valerie, Derbyshire, Rachael, Fernandez-Triana, Jose, Rougerie, Rodolphe, Thevanayagam, Abinah, Boskovic, Adrian, Borisenko, Alex V, Cadel, Alex, Brown, Allison, Pages, Anais, Castillo, Anibal H, Nicolai, Annegret, Glenn Mockford, Barb Mockford, Bukowski, Belen, Wilson, Bill, Trojahn, Brock, Lacroix, Carole Ann, Brimblecombe, Chris, Hay, Christoper, Ho, Christmas, Steinke, Claudia, Warne, Connor P, Garrido Cortes, Cristina, Engelking, Daniel, Wright, Danielle, Lijtmaer, Dario A, Gascoigne, David, Hernandez Martich, David, Morningstar, Derek, Neumann, Dirk, Steinke, Dirk, Marco DeBruin, Donna DeBruin, Dobias, Dylan, Sears, Elizabeth, Richard, Ellen, Damstra, Emily, Zakharov, Evgeny V, Laberge, Frederic, Collins, Gemma E, Blagoev, Gergin A, Grainge, Gerrie, Ansell, Graham, Meredith, Greg, Hogg, Ian, McKeown, Jaclyn, Topan, Janet, Bracey, Jason, Guenther, Jerry, Sills-Gilligan, Jesse, Addesi, Joseph, Persi, Joshua, Layton, Kara K S, D'Souza, Kareina, Dorji, Kencho, Grundy, Kevin, Nghidinwa, Kirsti, Ronnenberg, Kylee, Lee, Kyung Min, Xie, Linxi, Lu, Liuqiong, Penev, Lyubomir, Gonzalez, Mailyn, Rosati, Margaret E, Kekkonen, Mari, Kuzmina, Maria, Iskandar, Marianne, Mutanen, Marko, Fatahi, Maryam, Pentinsaari, Mikko, Bauman, Miriam, Nikolova, Nadya, Ivanova, Natalia V, Jones, Nathaniel, Weerasuriya, Nimalka, Monkhouse, Norman, Lavinia, Pablo D, Jannetta, Paul, Hanisch, Priscila E, McMullin, R. Troy, Ojeda Flores, Rafael, Mouttet, Raphaelle, Vender, Reid, Labbee, Renee N, Forsyth, Robert, Lauder, Rob, Dickson, Ross, Kroft, Ruth, Miller, Scott E, MacDonald, Shannon, Panthi, Sishir, Pedersen, Stephanie, Sobek-Swant, Stephanie, Naik, Suresh, Lipinskaya, Tatsiana, Eagalle, Thanushi, Decaens, Thibaud, Kosuth, Thibault, Braukmann, Thomas, Woodcock, Tom, Roslin, Tomas, Zammit, Tony, Campbell, Victoria, Dinca, Vlad, Peneva, Vlada, Hebert, Paul D N &amp; deWaard, Jeremy R" docDate="2015" docId="C33E3CE99AE2011898B2C2736912E565" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 3: e6313" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 3" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313" docTitle="Eutrichota pilimana Ringdahl 1918" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" id="FFE5FF837519E9253D17614AFFA8FFC1" lastPageNumber="6313" masterDocId="FFE5FF837519E9253D17614AFFA8FFC1" masterDocTitle="Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve" masterLastPageNumber="6313" masterPageNumber="6313" pageNumber="6313" updateTime="1668123191966" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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Art ISFS: 444480 Checklist: 1049580
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: 2-6
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Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz kollin / Zierstrauch, im TI in
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Verbreitung global
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(nach
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: Mediterran
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1 + w42-352.n.2n=36
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<heading id="4CA284F74669942E91019BDAC2D6B318">Lebensraum Lebensraum</heading>
nach
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6.3.8 - Laubwald mit
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Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes
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<emphasis id="393237D69E2CA7B228D6662F2C6F388D" italics="true">Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art</emphasis>
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Zeigerwerte nach
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</th>
<th id="4CBE19D2859512D0D0A9AEB43FF17CD0" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="548D00867AFD6B12F179A84CA97BC92B" bold="true">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="637348E67E67EE12D1ABB2A8C6B5C696" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="D4F0F420FA6B250F8EE5CA977D1A88CB" bold="true">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="6CFA9690BA155EE0BB626EDC8F937C07">
<td id="4D5F4E179D5A8D29449EEC9E257C6D95">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="E82D5302F15BAF84B80AE01C9F3A693B" style="text-align:left;width:100px">--</td>
<td id="A3E2996F7752478ADD157DB956E7816F">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="F565F780E64918AE5F50D9D480C9A49F" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
<td id="6B22CAD45CE8075A2E7E0FF75C85F5E1">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="83C6260DCA0642D04DCFDC534D5BBBD2" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="326B256ECBCA05A006A3F4A73CD4DC8F">
<td id="A13C27B6E67220CBD6822FE5E0A109FA">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="1ADF4EE63D2D35E9FB35564E19AD35BB" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="0228DA852890FCD2332945D5A78DA0B1">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="66E4A38A1F8431B42386F0F7D8D8DDC7" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="15C6401868D1D096D8A2A05AB6136C5F">
<td id="F8C01B92F48F13A000BFC9EF623922BD">
<normalizedToken id="3C491DD88E2A41BBD437C25C11057D2E" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="F56D528E50BFBB5C198787E300910AD9" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="F39E5FDCE900DB8756DFE82558F49D6E">
<normalizedToken id="009D81F7B8EB33610E1F4C5DB1D2951C" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="0FF72F6762ED5EDFD37489F843359E8F" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6F77FE09B5D316B29F02FAE74037CDC" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="54F8EE10604E418354D9E9808DEF0590">
<heading id="CB8412D2E12FEAB8B78CC033DBC1495C">Nomenklatur</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="04A3868C70B3B58CF11E2B335C44FFFE">
<treatmentCitation id="F430A4E4AAAA5E191F152555C780CC59">
<heading id="AD502BC4D4FFB50B9C2D2603814BB26C">
<normalizedToken id="38F2C41A2B16D2327E89BC8D2787CA6C" originalValue="Gültiger">Gueltiger</normalizedToken>
Name (
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)
</heading>
:
<taxonomicName id="5A44D73F5BF62D70FF98CC041128A303" ID-CoL="5BCFT" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Viburnaceae" genus="Viburnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tinus">
<emphasis id="1D28A199D2F0B6D6EFA30832B28BF179" italics="true">Viburnum tinus</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E42CF6A0BE21DDCA0580AF590D5E62E3" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="5BD7C139A31BC14CFB2CB8FAAC071655">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="ECF9127F7B229A20DD5AB6418C3DB047" language="deu">Lorbeer-Schneeball</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="56967DD9DB8C306EF50A0CD6ED0A1FC8" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="DF2FD73EE8300EAFADA2AF5281C0D285" language="fra">Viorne-tin</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC6F4705EEE2CBEFFD2BF8A4808400C1" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="67910CB4947337C11F9BDA1A6081EEC6">Nome italiano: --</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53FE38956CC06A72E95B1DDFE0E77D69" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E4F61A0AB0A8BC4890761A221F4127B3">
<normalizedToken id="0E461EF6860A6EEB8F0AD33718D497B7" originalValue="Übereinstimmung">Uebereinstimmung</normalizedToken>
mit anderen Referenzwerken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C35A66A8F725643D2CFD355DF0005132">
<table id="B739591347EA963D520CC10CB3E48C88" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="F7222959D12923C17CA9BEED35B4411E">
<tr id="58F548E3EAAAAE1D1D4BD2CFAC848A41">
<th id="0D8D7689B687740521288F5B85850608" width="80px">Relation</th>
<th id="A6B4439AD16C0E3D2A6A7E42C3DD89EC">Nom</th>
<th id="87649EA90499F2F2CF64EB29C0AB8CFA">Referenzwerke</th>
<th id="046F328317A8ECB93D5FA19FF0DAF3E1" width="90px">No</th>
</tr>
<tr id="72D32DB5C996829DC6F1B8CA93D67F3F">
<td id="79821CE2413461734CF56702E930612E" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="124AD7F22412569F318B708C57CAC901">
<taxonomicName id="D7D30770FF99F435EF8464A519EF3AFA" ID-CoL="5BCFT" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Viburnaceae" genus="Viburnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tinus">Viburnum tinus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="B8BC29EF7A304FD4620CC6C9FA7F1063">
<treatmentCitation id="11BD74E56A735A1A07E1E5254841D4EC">
<bibRefCitation id="F266739A07AD3AAE96734ABCEC7F5486" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="44064D319B7B5AAEA9D456D553EF6464">444480</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7EBC80B049B62835A6921A0FAC3CCD3B">
<td id="74258B53474858EFBC6E2D13E7C218E7" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="EE5C30A80B53B61541E82AB12188B59B">
<taxonomicName id="39CD98D8D991DCD4C376BF37A2D2AA96" ID-CoL="5BCFT" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Viburnaceae" genus="Viburnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tinus">Viburnum tinus L.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="08017B1F23AC20210225534DAC9C4A43">
<treatmentCitation id="2279CE45179C128A422B7417A543CE39" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F5BF86F7297FDC67CAF9E7ACAA067B81">
<bibRefCitation id="C70B9AC556F011796E992A9E08C8567F">Flora Helvetica 2018</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="398486A8454190A53C0A52F694709075">1922a</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AADFDB7F94E4C3A457613D35ECA933E1">
<tableNote id="D0860F9863A6505391B370FE59EE7E67">
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon
<normalizedToken id="2FA225158352119748714632A3C007F8" originalValue="überein">ueberein</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="661ED941F46770673AAA348962306429" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) &lt;Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="24A6038D8523AD94592575002B76D9E1" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) enthalten&gt; Taxon
<normalizedToken id="4E807DEED6802A22F8FA11B36B1C9D70" originalValue="enthält">enthaelt</normalizedToken>
(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="A2F6DB06C1EA1242F5282599CAA5CEA7" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FF1732F5E19C72B7886BCF307D582E5" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="56233F3C792D1DA1FC865250AA007F57">
Kommentare aus der
<bibRefCitation id="7DFC4FE5444DB4A4EB49A101AB8E0B10" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
Neues Taxon:
<normalizedToken id="71C14122B1FB2CABBAE6A244ADF3D7A9" originalValue="Gegenüber">Gegenueber</normalizedToken>
SISF-2 neu aufgenommener Neophyt. Aus Kultur verwildert. Checklist
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1699D2534349897ACDFC7D9A68D6B2C" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="1CB2C528B1E38170EA41FD089EC47815">
<heading id="C563818E0D8F90E52661E1D178AC2AA0">Status Indigenat</heading>
: Kultivierter Neophyt: nach dem Jahr
<quantity id="2090A9BE996E9B45130B13471D80FDCB" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" unit="in" value="1500.0">1500 in</quantity>
der Schweiz aufgetreten
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08B3D9671CC717A7D133B1DC675320E1">
<emphasis id="6109162119DA638E2243409E4A73893B" bold="true">
<heading id="51B98720FFE93E9EC02D1941C9B413FD">
Liste der
<normalizedToken id="BB9616F60E3E2B311DB98B15AE141FA7" originalValue="gefährdeten">gefaehrdeten</normalizedToken>
Pflanzen IUCN
</heading>
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="917D15BEAE4468DED3AC9D51CF8051C8" author="Walter, K.S. &amp; Gillett, H.J." location="Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" publisher="IUCN" refString="Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (editors). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants" year="1997">Walter &amp; Gillett 1997</bibRefCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Nein
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:identifier id="11F595B9DDF0B1B8B2A50A7AF3C144C9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5104.1.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C33E87C6291A544848DFFD9EFC82F814" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6316722" ID-GBIF-Taxon="217245800" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6316722" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C94F51E1-F386-4F39-AC7C-974AD232E043" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C33E87C6291A544848DFFD9EFC82F814" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<subSubSection id="038D655B291A544B48DFFD9EFDF1FD82" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B48DFFD9EFDABFDDE" blockId="4.[151,583,546,645]" box="[151,541,546,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<heading id="106081BC291A544B48DFFD9EFDABFDDE" bold="true" box="[151,541,546,573]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" reason="1">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B48DFFD9EFDABFDDE" bold="true" box="[151,541,546,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B48DFFD9EFE0FFDDE" authority="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar, 2022" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,441,546,573]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lakshadeepa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B48DFFD9EFE0FFDDE" bold="true" box="[151,441,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Physiculus lakshadeepa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="62D057B9291A544B4988FD9FFDABFDDE" box="[448,541,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B48DFFDFBFDF1FD82" blockId="4.[151,583,546,645]" box="[151,583,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
Common name:
<collectingCountry id="33807640291A544B491AFDFBFE5AFD82" box="[338,492,583,609]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
codling
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D655B291A544B48DFFDD7FED6FD66" box="[151,352,618,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="description">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B48DFFDD7FED6FD66" blockId="4.[151,583,546,645]" box="[151,352,618,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<figureCitation id="D3AC2A55291A544B48DFFDD7FEB4FD66" box="[151,258,618,645]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="5.[151,260,1786,1812]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,260,1834,1860]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,260,1689,1715]" captionTargetBox-0="[150,1437,208,1762]" captionTargetBox-1="[153,1435,200,1810]" captionTargetBox-2="[150,1383,195,1664]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@5.[150,1437,179,1762]" captionTargetId-1="figure-25@6.[153,1435,179,1810]" captionTargetId-2="figure-20@7.[150,1437,179,1664]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Physiculus lakshadeepa sp. nov., holotype, MTRLDST 00112, preserved. A. Lateral view. B. Ventral of the abdomen. C. Radiograph." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Physiculus lakshadeepa sp. nov., paratype, MTRLDST 00113, preserved. A. Lateral view. B. ventral view of abdomen. C. Radiograph." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Physiculus lakshadeepa sp. nov., fresh condition, from the holotype???. A. Lateral view of anterior body, fresh condition. B. Close-up of high first dorsal fin with first ray filamentous. C. Ventral view of abdomen showing the pelvic-fin base, light organ and anus." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258105" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258113" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258119" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6258105/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6258113/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6258119/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Figs. 3‒5</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="0615036B291A544B4945FDD7FED6FD66" box="[269,352,619,645]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data of Physiculus indicus sp. nov. and Physiculus lakshadeepa sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1FE866582916544748DFFF2BFA88FF53" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" tableUuid="1FE866582916544748DFFF2BFA88FF53">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D655B291A544B48DFFD0FFE10FCDA" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B48DFFD0FFCFDFD12" blockId="4.[151,1437,691,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<materialsCitation id="FBFF3C8D291A544B48DFFD0FFCFDFD12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4435835301" collectingDate="2018-04-09" country="India" elevation="350" latitude="10.563861" location="East Coast of Kavaratti Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="72.651115" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B48DFFD0FFEBDFD2E" bold="true" box="[151,267,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<typeStatus id="942C8872291A544B48DFFD0FFEB0FD2E" box="[151,262,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
MTRLDST 00112,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291A544B49B3FD0FFDEBFD2E" box="[507,605,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="164.0">164 mm</quantity>
SL,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291A544B4AD3FD0FFD4AFD2E" box="[667,764,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="192.0">192 mm</quantity>
TL,
<collectingCountry id="33807640291A544B4B73FD0FFCC1FD2E" box="[827,887,691,717]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">India</collectingCountry>
, Lakshadweep,
<location id="4E48600B291A544B4C7CFD0FFA2EFD2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C33E87C6291A544848DFFD9EFC82F814:4E48600B291A544B4C7CFD0FFA2EFD2E" box="[1076,1432,691,717]" country="India" latitude="10.563861" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="72.651115" name="East Coast of Kavaratti Island" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">East Coast of Kavaratti Island</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2EA35017291A544B48DFFD6BFE8EFD12" box="[151,312,727,753]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" precision="1" seconds="49.9" value="10.563861">10°33’49.9”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2EA35017291A544B490BFD6BFE65FD12" box="[323,467,727,753]" degrees="72" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" precision="1" seconds="4.0" value="72.651115">72°39’4.0”E</geoCoordinate>
, from
<elevation id="C0BAD1E3291A544B4A54FD6AFD1DFD12" box="[540,683,726,753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="350.0">
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291A544B4A54FD6AFDD5FD12" box="[540,611,726,753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
,
<date id="3F291010291A544B4AFEFD6BFCF1FD12" box="[694,839,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" value="2018-04-09">
<collectingDate id="2F6DE9F8291A544B4AFEFD6BFCF1FD12" box="[694,839,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" value="2018-04-09">9 April 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FFD47FE10FCDA" blockId="4.[151,1437,691,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B488FFD47FEF0FCF6" bold="true" box="[199,326,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<typeStatus id="942C8872291A544B488FFD47FEF7FCF6" box="[199,321,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
MTRLDST 00113,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291A544B4A65FD46FD3AFCF6" box="[557,652,762,789]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="125.0">125 mm</quantity>
SL,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291A544B4A8CFD47FC94FCF6" box="[708,802,763,789]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="143.0">143 mm</quantity>
TL; MTRLDST 00114,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291A544B4C73FD47FB2CFCF6" box="[1083,1178,763,789]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="183.0">183 mm</quantity>
SL,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291A544B4C9AFD47FA86FCF6" box="[1234,1328,763,789]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="224.0">224 mm</quantity>
TL; both collected with holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D655B291A544B488FFCFFFB8BFCBE" box="[199,1085,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FFCFFFB8BFCBE" blockId="4.[151,1437,691,1977]" box="[199,1085,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B488FFCFFFEF8FCBE" bold="true" box="[199,334,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name is derived from the
<typeStatus id="942C8872291A544B4B4CFCFFFC82FCBE" box="[772,820,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">type</typeStatus>
locality,
<collectingCountry id="33807640291A544B4BD4FCFFFB8CFCBE" box="[924,1082,835,861]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D655B291A544B488FFCDAFCBEFB0A" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FFCDAFCBEFB0A" blockId="4.[151,1437,691,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B488FFCDAFEF4FC63" bold="true" box="[199,322,870,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A species of
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4996FCDBFDE1FC62" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1858" box="[478,599,871,897]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4996FCDBFDE1FC62" box="[478,599,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Physiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with light organ situated at about the middle of pelvic-fin base and anus; light organ small, anus rather forward in position, closer to the light organ; gular region smooth without scales;
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B48DFFC13FE13FC2A" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,421,943,969]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lakshadeepa">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B48DFFC13FE13FC2A" box="[151,421,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Physiculus lakshadeepa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the Indian congeners in having relatively high first dorsal fin, with first ray filamentous, except for that of
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B49B8FC6FFDDDFC0F" authorityName="Gilchrist" authorityYear="1922" box="[496,619,979,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B49B8FC6FFDDDFC0F" box="[496,619,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4A32FC6FFD51FC0E" authorityName="Shcherbachev" authorityYear="1993" box="[634,743,979,1005]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beckeri">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4A32FC6FFD51FC0E" box="[634,743,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. beckeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4B56FC6FFC37FC0F" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1891" box="[798,897,979,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4B56FC6FFC37FC0F" box="[798,897,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. roseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4BD8FC6FFB81FC0E" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[912,1079,979,1005]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lakshadeepa">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4BD8FC6FFB81FC0E" box="[912,1079,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. lakshadeepa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4C83FC6FFAF0FC0F" authorityName="Gilchrist" authorityYear="1922" box="[1227,1350,979,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4C83FC6FFAF0FC0F" box="[1227,1350,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having scales on snout (vs snout smooth) and teeth in equally sized (vs in graded series); from
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4CF0FC4BFA9EFBF2" authorityName="Shcherbachev" authorityYear="1993" box="[1208,1320,1015,1041]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beckeri">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4CF0FC4BFA9EFBF2" box="[1208,1320,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. beckeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having 84‒95 scales in longitudinal series (vs 115‒130) and less tall first dorsal fin; and from
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4C33FBA7FB56FBD7" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1891" box="[1147,1248,1051,1076]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4C33FBA7FB56FBD7" box="[1147,1248,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. roseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having fewer second dorsal-fin rays and more gill rakers. Compared with the other species in the Pacific Ocean,
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4CBCFB83FA2AFBBA" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[1268,1436,1087,1113]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lakshadeepa">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4CBCFB83FA2AFBBA" box="[1268,1436,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. lakshadeepa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles only
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4903FBDFFE41FB9E" box="[331,503,1123,1149]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chigodarana">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4903FBDFFE41FB9E" box="[331,503,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. chigodarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has the first dorsal fin distinctly higher than the second. However,
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4D1BFBDFFEB7FB42" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lakshadeepa">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4D1BFBDFFEB7FB42" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. lakshadeepa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the latter in lacking gular scales (vs present in
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4BDFFB3BFBF7FB42" box="[919,1089,1159,1185]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chigodarana">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4BDFFB3BFBF7FB42" box="[919,1089,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">P. chigodarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), fewer second dorsal-fin rays; fewer anal fin rays; light organ situated rather backward; anus situated rather backward (InV-An 41.7‒58.2% InV-af vs 38.7‒43.7%); more gill rackers, and fewer vertebrae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D655B291A5448488FFB4EFC82F814" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="description">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FFB4EFF57FA06" blockId="4.[151,1437,691,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B488FFB4EFEEFFAEF" bold="true" box="[199,345,1266,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Description.</emphasis>
The morphometric data given in
<tableCitation id="0615036B291A544B4A9FFB4FFC9DFAEE" box="[727,811,1267,1293]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data of Physiculus indicus sp. nov. and Physiculus lakshadeepa sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1FE866582916544748DFFF2BFA88FF53" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" tableUuid="1FE866582916544748DFFF2BFA88FF53">Table 1</tableCitation>
is for the
<typeStatus id="942C8872291A544B4BEBFB4FFBBEFAEE" box="[931,1032,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, followed by the range of measurements from the
<typeStatus id="942C8872291A544B4919FAABFE0AFAD2" box="[337,444,1303,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in parentheses, except when otherwise indicated. Body slender and long, compressed posteriorly; head moderately small, depressed anteriorly; eye large 24.7% (19.1‒28.5%) in HL; interorbital space broad, 30.1% (25.4‒30.7%) in HL; snout broad and rounded, length 24.7% (24.7‒25.9%) in HL, protruding slightly beyond the upper jaw. Mouth large, gape extending to a vertical through posterior margin of eye, teeth small, equally sized; vomerine and palatine toothless. Barbel on chin much shorter than orbit diameter, length 7.5% (3.2‒11.6­%) in HL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FFA53FD47F9B2" blockId="4.[151,1437,691,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Gill rakers on the first gill arch small, varying from spinous tubercles to small clubs, spinous initially at tips and progressively more spinous towards the angle on lower branch and spinous at tips on the upper branch. Abdominal cavity reaching the 13th pterygiophore of the anal fin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FF9E7FA2BF8E6" blockId="4.[151,1437,691,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Scales small and deciduous, 90 (84‒95) in longitudinal series; 7 (6­‒7) scale rows between the first dorsal-fin base and lateral line. Cycloid scales cover the head and body, except for the branchiostegal membrane and the gular region are completely scaleless. Continuous tube of lateral line reaching 10th ray of the second dorsal fin, followed by discontinuous short tubes on the lateral line reaching caudal peduncle. Caudal fin rounded and fan-shaped, well separated from dorsal and anal fins. Caudal peduncle short than orbit diameter, its length 17.1% (17.1‒19.7%) HL.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FF8B3FC11F85A" blockId="4.[151,1437,691,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
First dorsal fin higher than second, first dorsal-fin ray elongated and filamentous, its length 6­2.8% HL (51.7% in
<specimenCount id="5D91FD59291A544B48FCF88FFE9EF8AE" box="[180,296,1843,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">1 paratype</specimenCount>
and broken in another one). A very small gap separates the first from the second dorsal fins. Origin of first dorsal fin slightly behind a vertical through the pectoral-fin base; the origin of the second dorsal fin at a vertical through 4th anal-fin ray. Pelvic fin slender, two outermost rays slightly filamentous, extending to 7th ray of the anal fin. The pectoral fin extends up to the 7th ray of the second dorsal fin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1FE86658291B544A48DFF946FE48F8DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258105" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6258105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6258105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" startId="5.[151,260,1786,1812]" targetBox="[150,1437,208,1762]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291B544A48DFF946FE48F8DB" blockId="5.[151,1436,1786,1848]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291B544A48DFF946FE97F8F7" bold="true" box="[151,289,1786,1812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291B544A4960F946FD83F8F7" authority="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar, 2022" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[296,565,1786,1812]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lakshadeepa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291B544A4960F946FD83F8F7" box="[296,565,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">Physiculus lakshadeepa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291B544A4A75F946FD21F8F7" bold="true" box="[573,663,1786,1812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="62D057B9291B544A4A75F946FD21F8F7" box="[573,663,1786,1812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, MTRLDST 00112, preserved. A. Lateral view. B. Ventral of the abdomen. C. Radiograph.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4B2836D0291B544A488FF8DAFB50F80F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1894,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">Ventral light organ small in size, externally prominent as a circular scale less fossa in advance of the anus, its diameter 6­.0% (6­.0‒9.6­%) InV-af; distance from inter ventral line to anterior margin of light organ 29.0% (24.4‒ 29.0%) InV-af; distance from posterior margin of the light organ to anterior margin of anus 22.6­% (17.4‒22.6­%) InV-af, and distance from inter ventral line to anterior margin of anus 58.2% (41.7‒58.2%) InV-af.</paragraph>
<caption id="1FE866582918544948DFF896FDA5F88B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258113" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6258113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6258113/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" startId="6.[151,260,1834,1860]" targetBox="[153,1435,200,1810]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="4B2836D02918544948DFF896FDA5F88B" blockId="6.[151,1436,1834,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC22918544948DFF896FE97F8A7" bold="true" box="[151,289,1834,1860]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291854494961F896FD80F8A7" authority="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar, 2022" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[297,566,1834,1860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lakshadeepa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291854494961F896FD80F8A7" box="[297,566,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Physiculus lakshadeepa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291854494A76F897FD16F8A6" bold="true" box="[574,672,1835,1861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="62D057B9291854494A76F897FD2CF8A6" box="[574,666,1835,1861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
paratype, MTRLDST 00113, preserved. A. Lateral view. B. ventral view of abdomen. C. Radiograph.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1FE866582919544848DFF925FD73F91F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258119" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6258119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6258119/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" startId="7.[151,260,1689,1715]" targetBox="[150,1383,195,1664]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="4B2836D02919544848DFF925FD73F91F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1689,1788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC22919544848DFF925FE94F957" bold="true" box="[151,290,1689,1716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291954484963F925FD8FF950" authority="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar, 2022" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[299,569,1689,1715]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lakshadeepa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291954484963F925FD8FF950" box="[299,569,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Physiculus lakshadeepa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291954484A0AF926FD28F957" bold="true" box="[578,670,1690,1716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="62D057B9291954484A0AF926FD28F957" box="[578,670,1690,1716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, fresh condition, from the holotype???.
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291954484C21F925FB32F950" bold="true" box="[1129,1156,1689,1715]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">A.</emphasis>
Lateral view of anterior body, fresh condition. B. Close-up of high first dorsal fin with first ray filamentous. C. Ventral view of abdomen showing the pelvic-fin base, light organ and anus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4B2836D029195448488FF895FC40F8A0" blockId="7.[151,1437,1833,2039]" box="[199,1014,1833,1860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Vertebrae: 12 (11‒12) precaudal, 37 (37‒38) caudal, and 49 (49) in total.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D029195448488FF8F1FC82F814" blockId="7.[151,1437,1833,2039]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC229195448488FF8F1FEE9F884" bold="true" box="[199,351,1869,1895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Colouration.</emphasis>
When fresh, head and body dark brown, slightly reddish on tail, caudal fin base dark brown and abdomen silvery blue. Branchiostegal membranes black; first dorsal fin pink, with broad black margin; second dorsal fin pink, gradually becoming red posteriorly, with narrow black margin; pectoral fin red with black base; pelvic fin dark brown; anal fin red with black margin; caudal fin deep red with posterior third black. Colour when preserved, head and body light brown and abdomen silvery.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<mods:title id="EF67635B75A857D00D44B8E96A43C306">Two new species of the codling fish genus Physiculus from Lakshadweep, India (Gadiformes: Moridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="CFE18132923778DFDA85CCF65166CD16">Department of Science and Technology, Union Territory of Lakshadweep, 682555 India &amp; School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, 682 506, Kochi, India mariyamkdt @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0764 - 1076</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="106081BC291F544E48DFFB4EFE69FAEE" bold="true" box="[151,479,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" reason="1">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E48DFFB4EFE69FAEE" bold="true" box="[151,479,1266,1293]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
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<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E48DFFB4EFECDFAEE" bold="true" box="[151,379,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Physiculus indicus</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="4B2836D0291F544E48DFFAABFE4CFAD2" blockId="1.[151,506,1266,1365]" box="[151,506,1303,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Common name: Indian Codling</paragraph>
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<figureCitation id="D3AC2A55291F544E48DFFA87FF4DFAB6" box="[151,251,1339,1365]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1973,1997]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,260,1724,1750]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1431,364,1948]" captionTargetBox-1="[155,1432,336,1699]" captionTargetId-0="figure-102@2.[154,1431,345,1948]" captionTargetId-1="figure-81@3.[155,1432,306,1699]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Physiculus indicus sp. nov., holotype, MTRLDST 00214, fresh. A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view of abdomen, showing the localities of pelvic-fin base, light organ and anus. C. Radiograph." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Physiculus indicus sp. nov., paratype, MTRLDST 00215, preserved. A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view of abdomen. C. Radiograph.." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258097" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258101" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6258097/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6258101/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Figs.1‒2</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="0615036B291F544E494EFA87FEEFFAB6" box="[262,345,1339,1365]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data of Physiculus indicus sp. nov. and Physiculus lakshadeepa sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1FE866582916544748DFFF2BFA88FF53" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" tableUuid="1FE866582916544748DFFF2BFA88FF53">Table 1</tableCitation>
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MTRLDST 00214,
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<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E4AD4FA3FFD4BFA7E" box="[668,765,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="183.0">183 mm</quantity>
TL,
<collectingCountry id="33807640291F544E4B74FA3FFCCEFA7E" box="[828,888,1411,1437]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">India</collectingCountry>
, Lakshadweep,
<location id="4E48600B291F544E4C7CFA3FFA2EFA7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C33E87C6291F544B48DFFB4EFE50FE32:4E48600B291F544E4C7CFA3FFA2EFA7E" box="[1076,1432,1411,1437]" country="India" latitude="10.563861" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="72.651115" name="East Coast of Kavaratti Island" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">East Coast of Kavaratti Island</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2EA35017291F544E48DFFA1BFE8EFA22" box="[151,312,1447,1473]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" precision="1" seconds="49.9" value="10.563861">10°33’49.9”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2EA35017291F544E490BFA1BFE64FA22" box="[323,466,1447,1473]" degrees="72" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" precision="1" seconds="4.0" value="72.651115">72°39’4.0”E</geoCoordinate>
,, ca.
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E4A44FA1AFDE3FA22" box="[524,597,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="m" value="350.0">
<elevation id="C0BAD1E3291F544E4A44FA1AFDE3FA22" box="[524,597,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3F291010291F544E4A29FA1BFD45FA22" box="[609,755,1447,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" value="2018-04-09">
<collectingDate id="2F6DE9F8291F544E4A29FA1BFD45FA22" box="[609,755,1447,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" value="2018-04-09">9 April 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291F544E488FFA77FF53F9CE" blockId="1.[151,1437,1411,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E488FFA77FEF0FA06" bold="true" box="[199,326,1483,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
<typeStatus id="942C8872291F544E488FFA77FEF7FA06" box="[199,321,1483,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
MTRLDST 00215,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E4A73FA77FD28FA06" box="[571,670,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="128.0">128 mm</quantity>
SL,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E4A97FA77FCF4FA06" box="[735,834,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="148.0">148 mm</quantity>
TL; MTRLDST 00216,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E4C2AFA77FB75FA06" box="[1122,1219,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="143.0">143 mm</quantity>
SL,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E4D4CFA77FAD0FA06" box="[1284,1382,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="169.0">169 mm</quantity>
TL; MTRLDST 00217,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E493EFA52FE62F9EA" box="[374,468,1518,1545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="154.0">154 mm</quantity>
SL,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E4A43FA53FDDFF9EA" box="[523,617,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="169.0">169 mm</quantity>
TL; MTRLDST 00218,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E4BC9FA53FC69F9EA" box="[897,991,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="142.0">142 mm</quantity>
SL,
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291F544E4C5EFA53FBC2F9EA" box="[1046,1140,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="162.0">162 mm</quantity>
TL; all collected with holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D655B291F544E488FF98BFC2FF9B2" box="[199,921,1591,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291F544E488FF98BFC2FF9B2" blockId="1.[151,1437,1411,2013]" box="[199,921,1591,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E488FF98BFEF8F9B2" bold="true" box="[199,334,1591,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific is derived from the
<typeStatus id="942C8872291F544E4A89F98BFD47F9B2" box="[705,753,1591,1617]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">type</typeStatus>
locality,
<collectingCountry id="33807640291F544E4B10F98BFC23F9B2" box="[856,917,1591,1617]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D655B291F544E488FF9E6FC20F8AD" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291F544E488FF9E6FC20F8AD" blockId="1.[151,1437,1411,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E488FF9E6FEF4F997" bold="true" box="[199,322,1626,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A species of
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291F544E4995F9E7FDE0F996" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1858" box="[477,598,1627,1653]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E4995F9E7FDE0F996" box="[477,598,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Physiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with light organ situated at about the middle of pelvic-fin base and anus; light organ small; anus rather forward in position, closer to the light organ; gular region smooth without scales.
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291F544E48DFF91FFEDCF95E" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,362,1699,1725]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E48DFF91FFEDCF95E" box="[151,362,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Physiculus indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from nearest congeners,
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E4A91F91FFC38F95F" box="[729,910,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291F544E4A91F91FFC3CF95F" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1894" box="[729,906,1699,1724]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argyropastus">P. argyropastus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
in the position of the anus, and the number of total vertebrae;
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291F544E4904F97BFE07F903" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1891" box="[332,433,1735,1760]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E4904F97BFE07F903" box="[332,433,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">P. roseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the light organ closer to the anus than the pelvic-fin base;
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291F544E4C9AF97BFAC1F902" authorityName="Okamura" authorityYear="1982" box="[1234,1399,1735,1761]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhodopinnis">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E4C9AF97BFAC1F902" box="[1234,1399,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">P. rhodopinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by fewer rays in the second dorsal fin and fewer anal-fin rays. Although similar to each other,
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291F544E4CC2F957FB43F8E6" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[1162,1269,1771,1797]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E4CC2F957FB43F8E6" box="[1162,1269,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">P. indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291F544E4DC0F957FE95F8CA" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lakshadeepa">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E4DC0F957FE95F8CA" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">P. lakshadeepa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having fewer gill rakers, more caudal vertebrae, more total vertebrae, and first dorsal fin not higher than the second (vs. first dorsal fin higher with first ray filamentous)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D655B291F544B488FF8EAFA2BFE6A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="description">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291F544D488FF8EAFC79FF36" blockId="1.[151,1437,1411,2013]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,321]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291F544E488FF8EAFEEFF893" bold="true" box="[199,345,1878,1904]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112">Description.</emphasis>
The morphometric data given in
<tableCitation id="0615036B291F544E4A9FF8EBFC9DF892" box="[727,811,1879,1905]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data of Physiculus indicus sp. nov. and Physiculus lakshadeepa sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1FE866582916544748DFFF2BFA88FF53" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" tableUuid="1FE866582916544748DFFF2BFA88FF53">Table 1</tableCitation>
is for the
<typeStatus id="942C8872291F544E4BEBF8EBFBBEF892" box="[931,1032,1879,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, followed by the range of measurements from the
<typeStatus id="942C8872291F544E491AF8C7FE0BF876" box="[338,445,1915,1941]" pageId="1" pageNumber="112" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in parentheses, except when otherwise indicated. Body round elongated, compressed posteriorly; head moderately large, slightly depressed anteriorly; eye large, its diameter 22.2% (19.0‒25.8%) HL; interorbital space broad, it width 31.8% (26­.6­‒34.1%) HL; snout broad and rounded, length 19.9% (19.9‒28.4%) HL, protruding slightly beyond upper jaw; mouth large; teeth equally sized; vomerine and palatine toothless; barbel on chin much shorter than orbit diameter, its length 4.7% (3.2‒8.9%) HL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291C544D488FFF63FCB9FEA2" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Gill rakers on first gill arch small, varying from spinous tubercles to small clubs, spinous initially at tips and progressively more spinous towards the angle on the lower branch and spinous at tips on the upper branch; abdominal cavity reaching the 9th pterygiophore of the anal fin.</paragraph>
<caption id="1FE86658291C544D48DFF809FC18F812" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258097" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6258097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6258097/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" startId="2.[151,250,1973,1997]" targetBox="[156,1431,364,1948]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291C544D48DFF809FC18F812" blockId="2.[151,1437,1973,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291C544D48DFF809FEA0F82E" bold="true" box="[151,278,1973,1997]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291C544D4956F809FE68F82E" authority="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar, 2022" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[286,478,1973,1997]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291C544D4956F809FE68F82E" box="[286,478,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Physiculus indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291C544D49AFF809FD8CF82E" bold="true" box="[487,570,1973,1997]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="62D057B9291C544D49AFF809FD8CF82E" box="[487,570,1973,1997]" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, MTRLDST 00214, fresh. A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view of abdomen, showing the localities of pelvic-fin base, light organ and anus. C. Radiograph.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291D544C488FFF2BFE5AFEFE" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Scales small and deciduous, 96­ (90‒102) in longitudinal series; 7 (7‒8) scale rows between the base of the first dorsal fin and lateral line; scale cycloid, covered on head and body, except for branchiostegal membrane and gular region. Continuous tube of lateral line reaching 14th ray of the second dorsal fin and discontinuous tube of lateral line reaching caudal peduncle.</paragraph>
<caption id="1FE86658291D544C48DFF900FE6AF919" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6258101" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6258101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6258101/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" startId="3.[151,260,1724,1750]" targetBox="[155,1432,336,1699]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291D544C48DFF900FE6AF919" blockId="3.[151,1436,1724,1786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291D544C48DFF900FE97F935" bold="true" box="[151,289,1724,1750]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291D544C4960F900FE4CF935" authority="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar, 2022" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[296,506,1724,1750]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291D544C4960F900FE4CF935" box="[296,506,1724,1750]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Physiculus indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291D544C4A49F900FDEDF935" bold="true" box="[513,603,1724,1750]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="62D057B9291D544C4A49F900FDEDF935" box="[513,603,1724,1750]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, paratype, MTRLDST 00215, preserved. A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view of abdomen. C. Radiograph..
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291D544C488FF894FEE1F814" blockId="3.[151,1437,1832,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">First dorsal fin higher than the second; a very small gap separating first from second dorsal fin; the origin of the first dorsal behind a vertical through pectoral fin base; the origin of the second dorsal fin at a vertical through 5th anal-fin ray; both dorsal fins not indented. The pectoral fin extends up to the 8th ray of the second dorsal fin. Pelvic fin slender, two outermost rays filamentous and extend to 3rd ray of the anal fin. Caudal fin truncate and well separated from second dorsal and anal fins. Caudal peduncle short, less than orbit diameter, its length 8.8% (8.4‒10.3%) HL.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FFF2BFB4DFEFE" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Light organ moderately sized; externally prominent as a circular scale less fossa in advance of the anus; its diameter 11.4% (6­.4‒12.0%) InV-af. Distance from inter ventral line to anterior margin of light organ 22.6­% (18.6­‒ 29.0%) In V-af; distance from posterior margin of the light organ to anterior margin of anus 17.6­% (17.6­‒23.8%) In V-af; and distance from the inter-ventral line to anterior margin of anus 53.6­% (50.6­‒58.2%) InV-af.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FFE9BFBD3FEA2" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,465]" box="[199,1125,294,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Vertebrae: 12 (11‒12) precaudal, 40 (40‒41) caudal vertebrae, and 52 (52) in total.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FFEF6FA2BFE6A" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B488FFEF6FEF9FE87" bold="true" box="[199,335,330,356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Coloration.</emphasis>
. When fresh, the head and body, pinkish tan; abdomen, silvery blue; branchiostegal membranes black; vertical fin membrane dark brown. Colour when preserved head and body light brown and abdomen silvery.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D655B291A544B488FFE2EFE50FE32" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4B2836D0291A544B488FFE2EFE50FE32" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B488FFE2EFED7FE4F" bold="true" box="[199,353,402,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C974D53291A544B4921FE2FFD8AFE4E" authorityName="Idrees Babu &amp; Ho &amp; Mariyambi &amp; Sureshkumar" authorityYear="2022" box="[361,572,403,429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Moridae" genus="Physiculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAC2291A544B4921FE2FFD8AFE4E" box="[361,572,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Physiculus indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the
<typeStatus id="942C8872291A544B4B57FE2FFCF9FE4E" box="[799,847,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">type</typeStatus>
series collected off Kavaratti Island,
<collectingCountry id="33807640291A544B4CB3FE2FFA2EFE4E" box="[1275,1432,403,429]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="33807640291A544B48DFFE0BFF65FE32" box="[151,211,439,465]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">India</collectingCountry>
, at a depth of ca.
<specimenCount id="5D91FD59291A544B49D0FE0AFE50FE32" box="[408,486,438,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="generic">
<quantity id="8C6F9B35291A544B49D0FE0AFE54FE32" box="[408,482,438,465]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="32AEADDDD9FE82AFF029C4D16BB230E4">Redescription of Ypsolopha kotzschi (Toll, 1947) (Lepidoptera, Ypsolophidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CDF938C70328192EA1F6B7433551D785">2014</mods:date>
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<heading id="106081865379FFAEC8DFECFB6DD82BA0" bold="true" box="[151,494,988,1012]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAEC8DFECFB6DD82BA0" authority="Toll, 1947" authorityName="Toll" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,494,988,1012]" class="Insecta" family="Ypsolophidae" genus="Ypsolopha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kotzschi">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAEC8DFECFB6DD82BA0" bold="true" box="[151,494,988,1012]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAEC8DFECFB6D5E2BA7" bold="true" box="[151,360,988,1012]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Ypsolopha kotzschi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2F064B1B5379FFAEC93DECFB6DD12BA0" author="Toll" box="[373,487,988,1011]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" refString="Toll, S. (1947) Beitrag zur Microlepidopterenfauna von Nordost-Persien. Zeitschrift des Wiener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 32, 107 - 116 + 3 plates." type="book chapter" year="1947">Toll, 1947</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836EA5379FFAEC8DFECD86CCC2C45" blockId="0.[151,494,988,1046]" box="[151,250,1023,1046]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">
<figureCitation id="D3AC2A6F5379FFAEC8DFECD86CCC2C45" box="[151,250,1023,1046]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="1.[151,269,1958,1981]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,255,1955,1978]" captionTargetBox-0="[195,1391,194,1933]" captionTargetBox-1="[191,1398,201,1916]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[195,1391,194,1934]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[176,1410,194,1931]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 6. Ypsolopha kotzschi. 1. external appearance. 2 – 5. labels. 6. labial palpus." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Ypsolopha kotzschi male genitalia: a—general view, b—part of gnathos, c—separated aedeagus, d — part of aedeagus with cornutus." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/225117/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/225118/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Figs. 1–7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D65615379FFAEC8DFEB6368702C08" box="[151,1094,1092,1116]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4B2836EA5379FFAEC8DFEB6368702C08" blockId="0.[151,1094,1092,1116]" box="[151,1094,1092,1116]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6B8711C45379FFAEC8DFEB6368702C08" box="[151,1094,1092,1116]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAEC8DFEB636E222C08" ID-CoL="968TR" authority="Toll, 1947: 165" authorityName="Toll" authorityPageNumber="165" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,532,1092,1116]" class="Insecta" family="Plutellidae" genus="Cerostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kotzschi">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAEC8DFEB636D5E2C0F" box="[151,360,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Cerostoma kotzschi</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="CA3610FB5379FFAEC926EB636E222C08" author="Toll" box="[366,532,1092,1115]" page="165" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" year="1947">
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: 165
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</taxonomicName>
.
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locality: NE
<collectingCountry id="3380767A5379FFAECAAAEB636F262C08" box="[738,784,1092,1115]" name="Iran" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Iran</collectingCountry>
, Kuh-i-Mirabi Mts.,
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.
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<paragraph id="4B2836EA5379FFAEC8DFEBA0680C2CB0" blockId="0.[151,1436,1159,1945]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">
<typeStatus id="942C88485379FFAEC8DFEBA06CFB2CCD" box="[151,205,1159,1182]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAEC8DFEBA06CFB2CCD" bold="true" box="[151,205,1159,1182]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Type</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
.
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: ♂, labelled: “
<typeStatus id="942C88485379FFAEC991EBA06E282CCD" box="[473,542,1159,1182]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Typus</typeStatus>
” [printed red rectangular label]; “Hyrcania, Kuh i Mirabi mont,
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. VII.-VIII.” [printed]; “Praeparat No. 1299.” [hand-written]; “
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAECAE4EB8D6F882C92" authority="Kotzschi Toll." authorityName="Kotzschi Toll." box="[684,958,1193,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Plutellidae" genus="Cerostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECAE4EB8D6FB52C92" box="[684,899,1193,1217]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Cerostoma Kotzschi</emphasis>
Toll.
</taxonomicName>
” [hand-written], deposited in the Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences (Krakow,
<collectingCountry id="3380767A5379FFAECB97EBEB68182CB0" box="[991,1070,1228,1251]" name="Poland" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Poland</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D65615379FFAEC88FEBC86D7A2D85" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4B2836EA5379FFAEC88FEBC86D7A2D85" blockId="0.[151,1436,1159,1945]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAEC88FEBC86D022D55" bold="true" box="[199,308,1263,1286]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. The external appearance clearly distinguishes this species from
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAECBA2EBD768782D55" box="[1002,1102,1262,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Ypsolophidae" genus="Ypsolopha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittella">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECBA2EBD768782D55" box="[1002,1102,1262,1287]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Y. vittella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The colour and patterns of the forewings are different from those of other known similar species:
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAECBDBEA3568D22D7A" authority="Baraniak, 2007" authorityName="Baraniak" authorityYear="2007" box="[915,1252,1297,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Ypsolophidae" genus="Ypsolopha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colleaguella">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECBDBEA3568062D7A" box="[915,1072,1297,1321]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Y. colleaguella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2F064B1B5379FFAECC74EA3568D22D7A" author="Baraniak" box="[1084,1252,1298,1321]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" refString="Baraniak, E. (2007) Ypsolopha colleaguella a new species (Lepidoptera, Ypsolophidae). Contribution to the knowledge of Yponomeutoidea (Lepidoptera). VI. Polish Journal of Entomology, 76 (1), 3 - 10. Moriuti, S. (1964) Studies on the Yponomeutoidea (VIII), Ypsolophus (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae) of Japan, Kontyu, 32, 2, 197 - 210." type="journal article" year="2007">Baraniak, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAECD6AEA356D1B2D18" authority="Butler, 1879" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Ypsolophidae" genus="Ypsolopha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strigosus">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECD6AEA3569AA2D7A" box="[1314,1436,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Y. strigosus</emphasis>
(Butler, 1879)
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2F064B1B5379FFAEC972EA136DED2D18" author="Baraniak" box="[314,475,1332,1355]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" refString="Baraniak, E. (2007) Ypsolopha colleaguella a new species (Lepidoptera, Ypsolophidae). Contribution to the knowledge of Yponomeutoidea (Lepidoptera). VI. Polish Journal of Entomology, 76 (1), 3 - 10. Moriuti, S. (1964) Studies on the Yponomeutoidea (VIII), Ypsolophus (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae) of Japan, Kontyu, 32, 2, 197 - 210." type="journal article" year="2007">Baraniak 2007</bibRefCitation>
; Moriuti 1977). The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAECB39EA126FE82D1F" box="[881,990,1332,1356]" class="Insecta" family="Plutellidae" genus="Cerostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kotzschi">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECB39EA126FE82D1F" box="[881,990,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Y. kotzschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are close to those of
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAECC8AEA1269132D1F" box="[1218,1317,1332,1356]" class="Insecta" family="Ypsolophidae" genus="Ypsolopha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittella">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECC8AEA1269132D1F" box="[1218,1317,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Y. vittella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The valva is similar in shape, but the aedeagus of the former species is tiny, 1.5
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECBEFEA706F862D3D" bold="true" box="[935,944,1367,1390]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">-</emphasis>
times longer than valva, with only one long cornutus in the vesica. Additionally, in
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAECA0CEA5D6E842DC2" box="[580,690,1401,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Plutellidae" genus="Cerostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kotzschi">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECA0CEA5D6E842DC2" box="[580,690,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Y. kotzschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the saccus is short, only 1/3 of valva length and only slightly wider than valva. The gnathos shape of
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAEC9B6EABA6E592DE7" box="[510,623,1436,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Plutellidae" genus="Cerostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kotzschi">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAEC9B6EABA6E592DE7" box="[510,623,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Y. kotzschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695379FFAECB0FEABA6F9D2DE7" box="[839,939,1436,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Ypsolophidae" genus="Ypsolopha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittella">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECB0FEABA6F9D2DE7" box="[839,939,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Y. vittella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in the latter species the microscopic teeth are tiny and thin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="038D65615379FFADC88FEAC56E5A296A" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="594" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" type="description">
<paragraph id="4B2836EA5379FFAEC88FEAC56F1C2F5D" blockId="0.[151,1436,1159,1945]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAEC88FEAC56D532DAA" bold="true" box="[199,357,1506,1529]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Redescription</emphasis>
. Wingspan
<quantity id="8C6F9B0F5379FFAEC9ACEAC56E702DAA" box="[484,582,1506,1529]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="0" pageNumber="591" unit="mm" value="22.5">22.5 mm</quantity>
. Labial palpus three
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85379FFAECB54EAC56F132DAA" bold="true" box="[796,805,1506,1529]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">-</emphasis>
segmented, middle segment longest; first segment and base of second segment white; third and remainder of second segment with extensive admixture of yellow scales and individually scattered dark fuscous scales; scale tuft of middle segment clearly exceeding segment in length, similarly tinged. Maxillary palpus white. Antenna with scape and first flagellomere white (only five flagellomeres of left antenna preserved, while right one missing), remaining flagellomeres white with pale brown rings. Forewing elongate, with a pointed apex, clearly bicoloured; white, with yellow sprinkling on veins along costal margin and on basal 3/4; just before apex densely mottled with yellow scales; straw yellow with darker sprinkling of scales on veins along dorsal margin; a narrow stripe formed by dark yellow scales from the base of the forewing to the middle of its length; apex light yellow. Hindwing and fringe yellow. Thorax white. Abdomen yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B2836EA5379FFAEC8DFE83D6FEA2FCA" blockId="0.[151,1436,1159,1945]" pageId="0" pageNumber="591">Male genitalia: Socii slender, densely setose, pointed apically. Tuba analis membranous. Uncus small. Valva oval, sacculus not defined. Saccus elongate, 1.3 times shorter than valva, rounded at the distal end. Gnathos long, forming a spoon-like ventral plate with tiny, broader at the base and slightly sharpened teeth. Aedeagus, slender, 1.5 times longer than valva, with apically pointed cornutus. Anellus short, with small denticles.</paragraph>
<caption id="1FE866625378FFAFC8DFE881687E2FEE" box="[151,1096,1957,1981]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225117/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" targetBox="[195,1391,194,1933]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="4B2836EA5378FFAFC8DFE881687E2FEE" blockId="1.[151,1096,1957,1981]" box="[151,1096,1957,1981]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85378FFAFC8DFE8816D742FEE" bold="true" box="[151,322,1958,1981]" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">FIGURES 1–6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C974D695378FFAFC901E8826E222FEE" box="[329,532,1957,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Ypsolophidae" genus="Ypsolopha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kotzschi">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF85378FFAFC901E8826E222FEE" box="[329,532,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="592">Ypsolopha kotzschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 1. external appearance. 2–5. labels. 6. labial palpus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="4B2836EA537BFFACC8DFE8846DAE2F8F" blockId="2.[151,1435,1954,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF8537BFFACC8DFE8846D2F2FE9" bold="true" box="[151,281,1955,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C974D69537BFFACC968E8856DDC2FE9" box="[288,490,1954,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Ypsolophidae" genus="Ypsolopha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kotzschi">
<emphasis id="79E3EAF8537BFFACC968E8856DDC2FE9" box="[288,490,1954,1978]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="593">Ypsolopha kotzschi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male genitalia: a—general view, b—part of gnathos, c—separated aedeagus, d —part of aedeagus with cornutus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4B2836EA537AFFADC8DFEFBF6E5A296A" blockId="3.[151,1435,152,313]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
We would like to express our sincere thanks to the following persons for the loan of the material for our study: J. Razowski, Ł. Przybyłowicz and W. Zajda (Institute of Animal Systematics and Evolution, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków,
<collectingCountry id="3380767A537AFFADC8B2EFFA6D7F28A7" box="[250,329,221,244]" name="Poland" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Poland</collectingCountry>
). We are also indebted to Ole Karsholt, an anonymous reviewer, and the editor, Jean-François Landry, for valuable comments on the manuscript. This study was supported by the Ministry of Sciences and Higher Education, Warsaw,
<collectingCountry id="3380767A537AFFADC8B0EE056D74296A" box="[248,322,290,313]" name="Poland" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Poland</collectingCountry>
(grant no. NN303 568538).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Svalbard (
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<normalizedToken id="ACB5FB483AFDF49AA42BE2646FF1C5B0" originalValue="Boström">Bostroem</normalizedToken>
1989
</bibRefCitation>
); Jan Mayen (
<bibRefCitation id="64E364265E593BDC9F41D7185D1401D0" author="Allgen, C." journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165" pagination="665 - 689" title="Terrestrial nematodes from Jan Mayen" volume="6" year="1953">
<normalizedToken id="95EF186BC55E639A90F173FE24BAF83F" originalValue="Allgén">Allgen</normalizedToken>
1953
</bibRefCitation>
); Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia (
<bibRefCitation id="57DD2144CD7F46ACFCD94CF97985C7E7" author="Kuzmin, L. L." journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165" pagination="1399 - 1402" title="A contribution to the fauna and ecology on free-living nematodes of the west Taimyr" volume="51" year="1972">Kuzmin 1972</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="478A7221CB84DCA0A960BE2C9E5535EB" author="Kuzmin, L. L." journalOrPublisher="Oikos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165" pagination="501 - 505" title="Free-living nematodes in the tundra of western Taimyr" volume="27" year="1976">Kuzmin 1976</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="BC4D22E081D1D2E8841169C87CE29B4C" author="Kuzmin, L. L." journalOrPublisher="Vladimir State Pedagogical Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165" title="Katalog svobodnozhyvushchikh pochvennykh i presnovodnykh nematod Arktiki i Subarktiki" year="1990">Kuzmin and Gagarin 1990</bibRefCitation>
); Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia (
<bibRefCitation id="DEF87D9DBB4E1A0FFDF6F5E762BF815C" author="Steiner, G." journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165" pagination="50 - 74" title="Freilebende Nematoden von Nowaja-Semlja" volume="46" year="1916">Steiner 1916b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A, B Anomocora fecunda (SAMC _ A 073042, off Shaka's Rock, 200 m) A calicular view B lateral view C, F Anomocora marchadi C, D (SAMC _ A 090093, off Durban, 49 m) C calicular view D lateral view E, F (SAM _ H 3100, off Shaka's Rock, 66 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H Aulocyathus juvenescens (Mortensen 25, off Durban, 424 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J Aulocyathus sp. cf. Aulocyathus matricidus (DIa 1, locality data unknown) I calicular view J lateral view K, L Caryophyllia (Acanthocyathus) grayi (USNM 91541, off Kosi Bay, 98 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) diomedeae (MN _ SM 129, off Margate, 850 m) M calicular view N lateral view N, O Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) ephyala (SAMC _ A 072974, off Paternoster, 440 m) O Calicular view P Lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 1M, N</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="von Marenzeller" authorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia diomedeae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diomedeae">Caryophyllia diomedeae</taxonomicName>
von Marenzeller, 1904b: 79-80, pl. 1, fig. 2
<bibRefCitation author="Durham, J" journalOrPublisher="Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 110" refId="B79" refString="Durham, J, Barnard, J, 1952. Stony corals of the Eastern Pacific collected by the Velero III and Velero IV. Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition 16 (1): 1 - 110" title="Stony corals of the Eastern Pacific collected by the Velero III and Velero IV." volume="16" year="1952">. -Durham and Barnard 1952</bibRefCitation>
: 10, 82, pl. 9, fig. 43. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 44" refId="B36" refString="Cairns, S, 1991. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 504: 1 - 44" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands." volume="504" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 11-13, pl. 4, figs C-E. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 49-50, pl. 9, figs A-D. -
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cortès">Cortes</normalizedToken>
1997: 330. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 88. -Koslow and Gowlett-Holmes 1998: 38. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
: 74. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 20. -
<bibRefCitation author="Pinon, G" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B219" refString="Pinon, G, 1999. Biogeografia de los corales ahermatipicos (Anthozoa, Scleractinia) en el Pacifico oriental. Thesis, Universidad Antonoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz." title="Biogeografia de los corales ahermatipicos (Anthozoa, Scleractinia) en el Pacifico oriental. Thesis, Universidad Antonoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz." year="1999">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Piñón">Pinon</normalizedToken>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 20, 81. -Cairns 2004: 264, 277, 328. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="15 - 46" refId="B58" refString="Cairns, S, Haeussermann, V, Foersterra, G, 2005. A review of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Chile, with the description of two new species. Zootaxa 1018: 15 - 46" title="A review of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Chile, with the description of two new species." volume="1018" year="2005">Cairns et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 17, 25, 28, fig. 2D-E. -
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Romero, S" journalOrPublisher="Treballs de l'Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B109" refString="Gonzalez-Romero, S, Reyes-Bonilla, H, Cairns, S, 2008. Range extensions of three species of the family Caryophylliidae (Scleractinia) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. JMBA2-Biodiversity Records: 1-2.https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755267209001031" title="Range extensions of three species of the family Caryophylliidae (Scleractinia) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. JMBA 2 - Biodiversity Records: 1 - 2. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267209001031" year="2008">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Romero">Gonzalez-Romero</normalizedToken>
et al. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
: 1-2, fig. 1. -Kitahara et al. 2010: 100, 102, figs 37-46.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moseley" authorityYear="1881" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia profunda" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="profunda">Caryophyllia profunda</taxonomicName>
. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 74" refId="B32" refString="Cairns, S, 1982. Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. Antarctic Research Series 34 (1): 1 - 74" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia." volume="34" year="1982">Cairns 1982</bibRefCitation>
: 17-19 (in part:
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Eltanin’">'Eltanin'</normalizedToken>
-1403).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zibrowuis" authorityYear="1974" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia sarsiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sarsiae">Caryophyllia sarsiae</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Monograph Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B52" refString="Cairns, S, Parker, S, 1992. Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum. Monograph Series 3: 1 - 82" title="Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum." volume="3" year="1992">. -Cairns and Parker 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 20, figs 5C, E, F.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Off Panama (USS
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stn. 3358:
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.5">6°30'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="81" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-81.73333">81°44'W</geoCoordinate>
); 1043 m (von
<bibRefCitation author="Marenzeller, von E" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="75 - 87" refId="B178" refString="Marenzeller, von E, 1904b. Reports on dredging operations of the Western margin of central America and Galapagos by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross during 1891: Steinkorallen und Hydro-Korallen. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 43 (2): 75 - 87" title="Reports on dredging operations of the Western margin of central America and Galapagos by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross during 1891: Steinkorallen und Hydro-Korallen." volume="43" year="1904 b">Marenzeller 1904b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">One syntype is deposited at NHMUK (Kitahara et al. 2010).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="imagery data">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imagery data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
MN_SM 85 (1 specimen): Eastern margin, 20 km off Cape Vidal/23 km off St Lucia Estuary,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.00" value="-27.991667">27°59'30.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="47.99" value="32.68">32°40'47.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 550 m. MN_SM 129 (7 specimens): Eastern margin, 17 km off Margate/ km off Boboyi Estuary,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="-30.89">30°53'24.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.99" value="30.52833">30°31'41.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 850 m. MN_SM 226 (1 specimen): Southern margin, 32 km off Mazeppa Bay/24 km off Kobole Estuary,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="36.00" value="-32.476665">32°28'36.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.00" value="28.980001">28°58'48.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 710-775 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Corallum straight to slightly curved, and attached to substrate by a broad pedicel (PD:GCD ~ 0.5) that expands into an encrusting base. Largest imaged specimen (MN_SM 85) 13.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
12.0 mm in CD, 5.0 mm in PD, and 29.0 mm in H. Calice elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.08-1.14), calicular margin jagged. Costae prominent at calicular margin, with shallow intercostal striae, sometimes bearing granules. Theca thick and porcelaneous. Corallum white to beige.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Septa hexamerally arranged in four cycles according to the formula: S1 ≥ S2&gt; S3&gt; S4 (48 septa). S1-2 most exsert, equal in width, and almost reach columella with vertical to slightly sinuous axial margins. S3-4 progressively narrower and less exsert. S3
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
the width of S1-2, each bearing a sinuous pali (12 P3), and consistently 1 mm in width. S4 slightly smaller than S3. Higher cycle septa with sinuous axial margin, especially S3. Septal faces somewhat smooth near calicular margin, but becoming granulated towards fossa. Fossa of moderate depth containing a fascicular columella, encircled by a P3 crown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Regional: Southern and Eastern margins of South Africa, off Mazeppa Bay extending towards Cape Vidal; 550-850 m. Elsewhere: Australia
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Monograph Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B52" refString="Cairns, S, Parker, S, 1992. Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum. Monograph Series 3: 1 - 82" title="Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum." volume="3" year="1992">(Cairns and Parker 1992</bibRefCitation>
, 1998, 2004a; Kitahara et al. 2010); New Zealand (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 74" refId="B32" refString="Cairns, S, 1982. Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. Antarctic Research Series 34 (1): 1 - 74" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia." volume="34" year="1982">Cairns 1982</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
); New Caledonia (Kitahara et al. 2010;
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
); Cocos and Galapagos Islands (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 44" refId="B36" refString="Cairns, S, 1991. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 504: 1 - 44" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands." volume="504" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
); Philippines; Indonesia (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
); Vanuatu (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
); Mediterranean to the Azores (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al 1999</bibRefCitation>
); Bermuda; Cook Island (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
); Chile (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="15 - 46" refId="B58" refString="Cairns, S, Haeussermann, V, Foersterra, G, 2005. A review of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Chile, with the description of two new species. Zootaxa 1018: 15 - 46" title="A review of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Chile, with the description of two new species." volume="1018" year="2005">Cairns et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
); northern Pacific (
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Romero, S" journalOrPublisher="Treballs de l'Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B109" refString="Gonzalez-Romero, S, Reyes-Bonilla, H, Cairns, S, 2008. Range extensions of three species of the family Caryophylliidae (Scleractinia) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. JMBA2-Biodiversity Records: 1-2.https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755267209001031" title="Range extensions of three species of the family Caryophylliidae (Scleractinia) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. JMBA 2 - Biodiversity Records: 1 - 2. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267209001031" year="2008">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Romero">Gonzalez-Romero</normalizedToken>
et al. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
); 225-2200 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Among congeners that are attached and display hexamerally arranged septa in four complete cycles,
<taxonomicName authorityName="von Marenzeller" authorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Stenocyathidae" genus="Caryophyllia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia (C.) diomedeae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diomedeae" subGenus="C.">Caryophyllia (C.) diomedeae</taxonomicName>
closely resembles
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. sarsiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sarsiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. sarsiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zibrowius, 1974a (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 44" refId="B36" refString="Cairns, S, 1991. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 504: 1 - 44" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands." volume="504" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
). It is therefore no surprise that
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Monograph Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B52" refString="Cairns, S, Parker, S, 1992. Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum. Monograph Series 3: 1 - 82" title="Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum." volume="3" year="1992">Cairns and Parker (1992)</bibRefCitation>
mistook their records of
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. diomedeae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="diomedeae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. diomedeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. sarsiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sarsiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. sarsiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which they mention the latter to occur in South Africa but did not provide the associated locality data for their South African records. Nonetheless, the imaged specimens (listed under imagery data) seem to have been mixed with
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. sarsiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sarsiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. sarsiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and have therefore been separated based on: (i) having a smooth theca and costae restricted to calicular margin (
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
), as compared with
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. sarsiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sarsiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. sarsiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has costae prominent throughout corallum, and (ii) pali consistently being 1 mm in width as compared with
<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. sarsiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sarsiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. sarsiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which bears pali being three times less the width of the pali bearing septa (key in Kitahara et al. 2010).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<subSubSection id="75005BAC26F0680F03C2FE69FD085FB0" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7EB2AF1822A41094BD529ACDA9654559">
<taxonomicName id="DBCDCFB15B22478C062455D3C3C0732C" authority="Jaume-Schinkel, 2024" authorityName="Jaume-Schinkel" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Armillipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="572DFB7F964DBB2320B6F083E0EDA0A1" italics="true">Armillipora bifida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9B42B27EEAE2346C6CA4D1A4D140A3EF" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E45FAC74FFEE6CDCAB2E69B08A900D48" type="description">
<paragraph id="D0FE72C84F26B094139EA25D52FB6301">
<figureCitation id="98AD557D778A91F41C2D88EAD0C03D2A" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution map of the species of Armillipora Quate." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074830">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="685AA89E9E82E52A7562EC94240EB3B0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771); B – D. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272772). A. Head; B. Thorax; C. Wing; D. Genitalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus; eja = ejaculatory apodeme; ep ap = epandrial appendage. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A); 1.00 mm (B – C); 0.10 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074831">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E24CB2045C0D5E61D119C14C51D17493" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A, C ♂, holotype (LACM ENT 272769); B ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272770); D ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771). A. Genitalia, ventral view; B. Epandrial appendages, dorsal view; C. Epandrial appendage, lateral view; D. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: acc ten = accessory tenacula; aed = aedeagus; ep ap = epandrial appendage; gn apo = gonocoxal apodeme; gns = gonostylus; ten = tenacula with folded tip. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A – D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074832">3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3CAE" type="Differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="10506095DE33E92CECD6617C6C9DE03C">
<heading id="5F789DCE575D2BDE88BD136A924E592B" reason="title">Differential diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F73422F953C88710CA8DE1A8F3B670FF">
<taxonomicName id="FD45803A751AF5857A95E6B36972E812" authority="Jaume-Schinkel, 2024" authorityName="Jaume-Schinkel" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Armillipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="778059FA407220AF6A142B4054D5AAD6" italics="true">Armillipora bifida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93E5A53DA15F1F7255BDA53A5BB698BA" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="D4CE6F7B7870F29E92499C6FFF7D1A2E" authorityName="Jezek, Obona &amp; Le Pont" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Armillipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suapiensis">
<emphasis id="DC0C2D0A487FD26016A11D784066CA99" italics="true">suapiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (gonostyli not fused), and it can be easily differentiated from all the species in the group by the bifurcated apex of the gonostyli (apex of gonostyli not bifurcated and sickle-shaped in
<taxonomicName id="AD2778DB2CE0B20A2344C016BB421B74" authorityName="Jezek, Obona &amp; Le Pont" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Armillipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suapiensis">
<emphasis id="C880E274441552E6676A6D15BC5987C8" italics="true">A. suapiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, apex not bifurcated with rounded apex in
<taxonomicName id="EF5A3E37E8FCF319512653847BAE28F0" authority="Jaume-Schinkel, 2024" authorityName="Jaume-Schinkel" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Armillipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nawak" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C50FA2F1238B70607DCE171E07197FA0" italics="true">A. nawak</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26BA3C77369A2699FCD2BB09317BA744" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENEAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CC391C8BA11FB75DA30CBB065870B6CD">
<heading id="BC304A6F17444108E8B2FFF46957FF0F" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1DEBF058EA856BD6D62E192832B02B1F">
The species epithet
<taxonomicName id="3F3CD545E9925CC47BD53388789AD962" authorityName="Jaume-Schinkel" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Armillipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifida">
<emphasis id="E62E93DB006344CE09C6857FB78697A0" italics="true">bifida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
derives from the Latin word
<emphasis id="A6E9252DCD1B6359E471AACAFA22A37C" italics="true">bifidus</emphasis>
(feminine
<taxonomicName id="22850E168ECC1AD9968499B99127D206" authorityName="Jaume-Schinkel" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Armillipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifida">
<emphasis id="3F562790C5A38FEFB1D6983C06C7FB65" italics="true">bifida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), which refers to the bifurcated apex of the gonostyli. To be treated as an adjective.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJFAE" type="material">
<paragraph id="CE2608499EB3B80EB4AFF3A0D04E4E1E">
<heading id="B6021BF1F74CF3BD662B1EA350150337" reason="title">Examined material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7BE864D83CEA3AD318DB3E027C57F47">
<materialsCitation id="0A9F2DAB35216A7AB9D9458882E50B10" collectingDate="2001-06-13" collectingDateMax="2001-06-18" collectingDateMin="2001-06-13" collectionCode="R, LACM" collectorName="L. W. Quate &amp; Bha &amp; Euparal" country="Venezuela" elevation="50" location="Aponte" specimenCode="ENT 272769" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Aragua">
<collectingCountry id="889DF34F610C3EAA281F51D3AF039902" name="Venezuela">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="0EA9D25773878BB0AB9F1DD7768F6B5F" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="4460C9C7625900DCE83E445A15B27527" country="Venezuela" name="Aragua">Aragua</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="DDA6EBD694495A8083D0F493B39383EF" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<locationDeviation id="D97FFA1B26E5C9FE8EA7001A3D50AAE2" location="Maracay">
<quantity id="DD67C32F7A861F49FC61C144FCB61CCF" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
NW of Maracay
</locationDeviation>
,
<location id="D947511FFB0BDF5BF71DF34FD76D6BCA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C33EF091628E527C9F83349D64FBB85C:D947511FFB0BDF5BF71DF34FD76D6BCA" country="Venezuela" name="Aponte" stateProvince="Aragua">Aponte</location>
; alt.
<quantity id="DDBF689F9CBC13768F3424433DB95A71" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">
<elevation id="1D703220B52131C990132A5D5445C5CF" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="1E56AC34D24FFDDEA7E5D2E8E7DB0E59" value="2001-06-13" valueMax="2001-06-18" valueMin="2001-06-13">
<collectingDate id="E045093F0D5332132C8C6AD43D573476" value="2001-06-13" valueMax="2001-06-18" valueMin="2001-06-13">13–18 Jun. 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectingMethod id="6DE8F2950FCC23650CDC35FE067A13FE">Malaise Trap</collectingMethod>
;
<collectorName id="189B2FA2FBEA5FF81E52C6DD5DEDF7C2">L. W. Quate</collectorName>
&amp; H.
<collectionCode id="6E9D8C2655845BA6834A1F78178D5852" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="29154188DFC13FB2D7F6630A2E95D560">Bha</collectorName>
legs.; slide mounted in
<collectorName id="B9325E2F1DACD8D2F414342E98A7BB68">Euparal</collectorName>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERFAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">
<collectionCode id="CEC4FB4A083FC170D8871870A81C2166" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
[
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVFAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">
<collectionCode id="56702222823E9ED81735E24BDC89BB8C" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<specimenCode id="58871B0876BEFCCD93BCC3CE3A928C6D" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">ENT 272769</specimenCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F022B4815D162250754CED0AA8528884">
<materialsCitation id="673402AEF354B9AE2377ADD7D8B34EC0" collectingDate="1998-05-25" collectingDateMax="1998-06-06" collectingDateMin="1998-05-25" collectionCode="LACM, INPA" collectorName="L. W. Quate &amp; Euparal" country="Brazil" location="Cacaulandia" specimenCode="ENT 272772, ENT 272771" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Rondonia" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1F46F4E246880C2956F82EC8B79428A4" bold="true">
<emphasis id="4A2E10D3B262DF84EC55643CD89F8845" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="73A07B9FF4A3EADB03FDC2DBB876B657" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="28AE04C800849019D482DA67DE868E38" name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="665CBC2AADCBDD059AE8006BB4EF8B23" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="C0076707BC5383E8BC4E8EA058F55203" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia">Rondonia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="914FDED67E6EEFD9EF5F60EE2BEE1B83" count="2" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
;
<locationDeviation id="84AAE6CBABE6E5EB35E33F48C4ED40A1" location="Porto Velho">
<quantity id="E8737AEC00415A5C03F6B8BF8D4B3C7E" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="200.0">200 km</quantity>
SSE of Porto Velho
</locationDeviation>
,
<location id="2B0E0EB5311E35A33030EBA51166CDD0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C33EF091628E527C9F83349D64FBB85C:2B0E0EB5311E35A33030EBA51166CDD0" country="Brazil" name="Cacaulandia" stateProvince="Rondonia">Cacaulandia</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EFGAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-62.870000,-10.300000]}">- 10.3, - 62.87</named-content>
;
<date id="2754221BB3F931019A2C56EAD27B6C90" value="1998-05-25" valueMax="1998-06-06" valueMin="1998-05-25">
<collectingDate id="4ECEFE24F95B607C73145A3FD48406FC" value="1998-05-25" valueMax="1998-06-06" valueMin="1998-05-25">25 May – 6 Jun. 1998</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="BE4B0080871CD47062DCFF5AE62D1C42">L. W. Quate</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectingMethod id="027924E7FE4496F8EA2FABFA8BA95A2B">Malaise Trap</collectingMethod>
; slide mounted in
<collectorName id="8D9B0FC957250294A346D314F564AA68">Euparal</collectorName>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJGAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">
<collectionCode id="49B9ACAFBE9D76F0CFE073CFD59584AC" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
[
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENGAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">
<collectionCode id="6E258F34CF7C7954D955FDFCB0CC7FE6" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<specimenCode id="DAD0427A629AF64D4D43D8B8EB5D367D" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">ENT 272772</specimenCode>
],
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERGAE" xlink_title="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia">
<collectionCode id="3290C8EA95F09463532F0EDE1BBD3825" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" type="">INPA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
[
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVGAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">
<collectionCode id="A6CBBB0212FC28CC39E649A4AD559506" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<specimenCode id="E8F29D25DF9E6FB0D8A9760A225839D8" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">ENT 272771</specimenCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BFA8E647A1A549157E62566DAC1FFC5E">
<materialsCitation id="11D76F29AC44562033ADB45ED69D1003" collectingDate="1993-11-14" collectionCode="LACM" collectorName="L. W. Quate &amp; Euparal" country="Venezuela" location="Aragua" specimenCode="ENT 272770" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Aragua">
<collectingCountry id="92E3D373D4B99E2E6A7824AE9F447D00" name="Venezuela">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="B1B35E6142C5F7F08CC479C2FB1E4E34" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="7BAC4B42441D3A6C31B8D544B52A75E3" country="Venezuela" name="Aragua">Aragua</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="EBA5DAD5D24175DE918475D2397813CF" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; Maracay;
<date id="212F028962CCF2A2A67037911736808F" value="1993-11-14">
<collectingDate id="29A4EE8C9D6CCA1BE24D6E38E954A864" value="1993-11-14">14 Nov. 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="84A6F41F5C1926611726E7B38A5B7B7D">L. W. Quate</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectingMethod id="74F728FABF2C2A18CDB95F1FD241B78E">Light Trap</collectingMethod>
; wooded hillside; slide mounted in
<collectorName id="17582A235DF363A8632316DA84621947">Euparal</collectorName>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4GAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">
<collectionCode id="7D49545E4395749DB5F16F16C92F77E5" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
[
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBHAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">
<collectionCode id="2FE6CA5B84CE0B84CAE7DA7356F663E9" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<specimenCode id="6163888DBB2D97913DF84F8428963136" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">ENT 272770</specimenCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFHAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="24866C2F63A83A7DC20D173708E71FB0">
<heading id="D30769AC23DB4C44F8B28A7E2F4BD95B" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3D157CAF2E09660283D67ABA1884E15">(N = 4). Wing length: 2.26 (2.25–2.27), width: 1.01 (1.00–1.02). Head length: 0.52 (0.55–0.50), width: 0.61 (0.61–0.61). Antennal segments: scape: 0.15 (0.15–0.16); pedicel: 0.07 (0.07–0.08); flagellomeres 1: 0.13 (0.13–0.13), flagellomeres 2–12: 0.15 (0.15–0.15), flagellomere 13: 0.11 (0.11–0.11), flagellomere 14: 0.13 (0.13–0.13). Palpal segment 1: 0.08 (0.07–0.08); palpal segment 2: 0.10 (0.10–0.10); palpal segment 3: 0.11 (0.11–0.11); palpal segment 4: 0.18 (0.18–0.19).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E2EAE185BA060B2B1950D4DFCDD2369">
<emphasis id="025F9F2D5F73408E03A662094D6FB90E" bold="true">Male.</emphasis>
Head (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A090015515F5CADFCE3EF2D0B845E332" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution map of the species of Armillipora Quate." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074830">1 A</figureCitation>
). About 1.20 times wider than its length; eye bridge separated by one facet’s diameter, with five rows of facets; interocular suture straight; the frontal patch of alveoli divided. Antennal scape about 2.00 times the length of the pedicel, almost cylindrical; pedicel spherical; flagellomeres fusiform and longer than scape, with scattered setae on the surface, setae almost as long as the flagellomere bearing them, each flagellomere with two rows of alveoli placed at the center, apical flagellomere with terminal apiculus; ascoids undistinguishable in examined material. Palpal segments cylindrical, palpal proportions: 1.0: 1.2: 1.3: 2.2, last palpal segment corrugated; labium without any strong sclerites; labella elongated and irregularly shaped scattered setae on the surface, with one apical spiniform tooth on each.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="39A4B3879998CF559DF854112A45BFC3">
Thorax (Fig.
<figureCitation id="283594C032B102102DF2332529620A5D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution map of the species of Armillipora Quate." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074830">1 B</figureCitation>
). It does not present allurement organs, with a single patch of alveoli in the paratergite and antepronotum; all coxae with a stripe of one to two rows of alveoli. Wing (Fig.
<figureCitation id="75A2C1FA1F05BFF4CD0F2131AAA80472" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution map of the species of Armillipora Quate." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074830">1 C</figureCitation>
) about 2.20 times longer than its width; wing membrane brown – infuscate, with lightened (white) spots between the apex of longitudinal veins; these spots are located before the apex of
<collectionCode id="8DFE10A7FEE5886B7C9C0FFDC8CA44F6" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="6338C36A51DE33B6212C6EB10ECC7939">1</subScript>
, between
<collectionCode id="B54F206E3F56C4BD4A4735F545DDB54F" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="6F256E703DF5B683BAFA82725B6D7111">2</subScript>
and
<collectionCode id="5513F1D0C5404544FA069D0EDE578CFE" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="841FB2C1488DC7FDB86A42F31E2AB2C2">3</subScript>
, between
<collectionCode id="67D0E19FAB57BD17ACAD1DDE80DF58F3" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="79E8610AC5BA246DE4EC49CD26F8147E">3</subScript>
and
<collectionCode id="136A4028CC7B2CD19E3AAD648F6FC9B5" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="2CBADE6E698FAE8E5D0368C141314D58">4</subScript>
, between M
<subScript id="609E587FC97D3E676CA28BB1DD6D8971">3</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="5AE4C14F0E1BE8E9BD99324D51CB5B50">4</subScript>
, and between M
<subScript id="39A552664EF201F05BFC27C8C0CD1B5E">4</subScript>
and CuA; Sc vein short, ending beyond the origin of
<collectionCode id="E268555CDE80993B64BE2F1D1DD49CE6" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="876E6C1B6B28B7B625592C17E1194F08">1</subScript>
; radial fork slightly basal to medial fork;
<collectionCode id="3E6CCCADE7681962292AC9F1812495F0" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="937C5552ECED56497C13982E4B896C82">2 + 3</subScript>
not joining
<collectionCode id="188779440600C640F0011EB88D5956C0" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="28B09DC38ECC40280C3DE8961EA0FBC0">4</subScript>
;
<collectionCode id="E3A6B21E3F390E6346B1CF921E53DA92" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R</collectionCode>
<subScript id="D4616C745EBADE603E65B7CA5A483503">5</subScript>
ending at the wing apex; CuA ending at wing margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="01BD0989F54632FE4FF11CBD2E58D19C">
Terminalia (Figs
<figureCitation id="67F88D975A60B15D1BED51EA8E951F2A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771); B – D. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272772). A. Head; B. Thorax; C. Wing; D. Genitalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus; eja = ejaculatory apodeme; ep ap = epandrial appendage. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A); 1.00 mm (B – C); 0.10 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074831">2 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6EEEF41ADEE20E97E3141A9CD007D752" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A, C ♂, holotype (LACM ENT 272769); B ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272770); D ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771). A. Genitalia, ventral view; B. Epandrial appendages, dorsal view; C. Epandrial appendage, lateral view; D. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: acc ten = accessory tenacula; aed = aedeagus; ep ap = epandrial appendage; gn apo = gonocoxal apodeme; gns = gonostylus; ten = tenacula with folded tip. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A – D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074832">3 A – D</figureCitation>
). Hypandrium on ventral view appears significantly reduced, not sclerotized and joining the base of the reduced gonocoxites; gonostyli not reduced, clearly divergent and both with bifurcated apex (as in Fig.
<figureCitation id="D24BFFE8429F6E55E07D985EDD001142" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A, C ♂, holotype (LACM ENT 272769); B ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272770); D ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771). A. Genitalia, ventral view; B. Epandrial appendages, dorsal view; C. Epandrial appendage, lateral view; D. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: acc ten = accessory tenacula; aed = aedeagus; ep ap = epandrial appendage; gn apo = gonocoxal apodeme; gns = gonostylus; ten = tenacula with folded tip. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A – D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074832">3 A</figureCitation>
); aedeagus on ventral view straight, as a single sclerite, ending beyond the apex of the gonostyli (Figs
<figureCitation id="AC38EBE6F9A970D7867FAE88C4F6BA5F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771); B – D. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272772). A. Head; B. Thorax; C. Wing; D. Genitalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus; eja = ejaculatory apodeme; ep ap = epandrial appendage. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A); 1.00 mm (B – C); 0.10 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074831">2 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1667DCD77A26D40C2B30DBAAD69043E1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A, C ♂, holotype (LACM ENT 272769); B ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272770); D ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771). A. Genitalia, ventral view; B. Epandrial appendages, dorsal view; C. Epandrial appendage, lateral view; D. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: acc ten = accessory tenacula; aed = aedeagus; ep ap = epandrial appendage; gn apo = gonocoxal apodeme; gns = gonostylus; ten = tenacula with folded tip. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A – D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074832">3 A</figureCitation>
); the ejaculatory apodeme is about the half the length of the aedeagus, on ventral view the basal margin is rounded; no discernible parameres; gonocoxal apodemes fitting in a concavity on the underside of the ejaculatory apodeme (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C000D3B6C52CB27C9AD5AF0E4C308164" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A, C ♂, holotype (LACM ENT 272769); B ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272770); D ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771). A. Genitalia, ventral view; B. Epandrial appendages, dorsal view; C. Epandrial appendage, lateral view; D. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: acc ten = accessory tenacula; aed = aedeagus; ep ap = epandrial appendage; gn apo = gonocoxal apodeme; gns = gonostylus; ten = tenacula with folded tip. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A – D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074832">3 A</figureCitation>
); epandrium rectangular (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D05B75FC96766083F1ACE42D3FF7A7F6" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771); B – D. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272772). A. Head; B. Thorax; C. Wing; D. Genitalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus; eja = ejaculatory apodeme; ep ap = epandrial appendage. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A); 1.00 mm (B – C); 0.10 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074831">2 D</figureCitation>
); hypoproct tongue-shaped and covered in setulae, epiproct not observed; epandrial appendage (Figs
<figureCitation id="0422873DE9F285984167CB296420C002" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution map of the species of Armillipora Quate." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074830">1 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9846DA7B30EF02AC911732DC9384B253" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771); B – D. ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272772). A. Head; B. Thorax; C. Wing; D. Genitalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus; eja = ejaculatory apodeme; ep ap = epandrial appendage. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A); 1.00 mm (B – C); 0.10 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074831">2 B – C</figureCitation>
) barely hemispherical at base, prolonged and tapering distally, and covered with small setae, lacking apical tenacula; distal tapering of the epandrial appendage (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C2518EC4DEA7C05D3F20F14524189DCF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A, C ♂, holotype (LACM ENT 272769); B ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272770); D ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771). A. Genitalia, ventral view; B. Epandrial appendages, dorsal view; C. Epandrial appendage, lateral view; D. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: acc ten = accessory tenacula; aed = aedeagus; ep ap = epandrial appendage; gn apo = gonocoxal apodeme; gns = gonostylus; ten = tenacula with folded tip. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A – D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074832">3 B – C</figureCitation>
) about half the length the basal hemispherical portion; medial portion of the epandrial appendage with row of 10–11 tenacula that are short and cylindrical, with folded tips; the epandrial appendage possess a basal patch of long accessory tenacula concentrated in a darkened patch, and longer than the epandrial appendage.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C58269331835A5F3288ABEB1DF34DC8B" ID-arpha="222FBD2B-E1B9-5105-B359-2103272C7383" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074831" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="A733670DF8C879A1F6F63B9BEDAB7094">
<label id="F6C96BBFA69E1796FFF4D25C6E0B8CBD">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F2486C695B6DE99577B8735000AA7EA">
<taxonomicName id="94B7B2A616A056CA9DCB9530B0582DEE" authority="Jaume-Schinkel, 2024" authorityName="Jaume-Schinkel" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Armillipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="09041439266565B3E45EEBA6CBC9658F" italics="true">Armillipora bifida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CA32467BEA73AAAD4FEFFC882A2058A8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="1F8F17466C8BE4B30FE6CCE9323C016C" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
♂, paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETKAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">LACM</abbrev>
ENT 272771);
<emphasis id="100F38764A26C97A9A3D5FB740183242" bold="true">B – D.</emphasis>
♂, paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZKAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">LACM</abbrev>
ENT 272772).
<emphasis id="51A6425A674DBD7A258E0243D8F6F280" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Head;
<emphasis id="BE4BA8AA3751EC04E7B0B6A879A1EE0F" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Thorax;
<emphasis id="9816289CD78794333CAB28A01EB31702" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
Wing;
<emphasis id="45B3E971A32595F8092FD0505E8AF504" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
Genitalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus; eja = ejaculatory apodeme; ep ap = epandrial appendage. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (
<emphasis id="74F2134775446C11C5609ABEFE1500E9" bold="true">A</emphasis>
); 1.00 mm (
<emphasis id="90C48D2B34869AAF41DFE8C11E134B7E" bold="true">B – C</emphasis>
); 0.10 mm (
<emphasis id="5BE31E6138D5A572CB6C46FDAAFF8018" bold="true">D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="704D115B43BD562634D42559E5823703" ID-arpha="E76438A2-E526-50B9-B20F-250D189E4F5E" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074832" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="57D41D20685BA0BA31AF797E342DAE16">
<label id="3A42F83A451D61C615CC549A096A60D2">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CAF2CB7A0B05F1BE47F1F28CB27F1255">
<taxonomicName id="CC29199E2D40BBE7902CA505E2CB5E12" authority="Jaume-Schinkel, 2024" authorityName="Jaume-Schinkel" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Armillipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E98D83191E9C3A400C5DFD2794E2970A" italics="true">Armillipora bifida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30E02A3EF8C0FF2FDE042BD57F5EB82E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="9833D9A016AECF72B7E882D6A89DF381" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
♂, holotype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFMAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">LACM</abbrev>
ENT 272769);
<emphasis id="166559B6227DA9F200D1F046CBE9E676" bold="true">B</emphasis>
♂, paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELMAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">LACM</abbrev>
ENT 272770);
<emphasis id="AC4677CF00E0C6839A671AB2C602F5A1" bold="true">D</emphasis>
♂, paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERMAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">LACM</abbrev>
ENT 272771).
<emphasis id="E7E2808E58E56A9D4A383022129EC4AA" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Genitalia, ventral view;
<emphasis id="DAFD37635A866F0FE86FD0FF3EF99AF3" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Epandrial appendages, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="84B327D92518810F9B2837318A7C0277" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
Epandrial appendage, lateral view;
<emphasis id="BDC002B10F1EBBBA02F2C2283C5B217D" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: acc ten = accessory tenacula; aed = aedeagus; ep ap = epandrial appendage; gn apo = gonocoxal apodeme; gns = gonostylus; ten = tenacula with folded tip. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (
<emphasis id="2BE09B0442C81B18F0663CF300B1AC82" bold="true">A – D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C7CE90EB200912D5AC4F419AAFBE7A47">
<emphasis id="C952EA916B27AA03D8E27D86F32A0935" bold="true">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EINAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="555508DCA1901EFC745D48DA565D38F4">
<heading id="A975D4EB51C581A15A5830DEA6AE6B50" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="404BB6A0555E73F1A96CCAB48545B6C0">
The species is only known from the localities in
<collectingCountry id="41EE9741C30FF13B14FF3A175298BAF4" name="Venezuela">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="2248F82C2CC63EAD286ED1108807E5B5" name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="3DFD4DD98684836E976A0AE3CA8206C6" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution map of the species of Armillipora Quate." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074830">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESNAE" type="notes">
<paragraph id="CF10DD2DC6253C6FC1766378A9EC1BA1">
<heading id="14069A417ABBFEE6A6FFEED12BF8AC49" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="77F8E52E9D71ED3A6899B16A98D53664">
In the
<typeStatus id="95AA0F6E1427F17E374BD93020794762" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYNAE" xlink_title="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County">
<collectionCode id="C6E1691CF60CC8831BF8A1ADC1CC5015" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
ENT 272772, the apex of the gonostyli and the apex of the aedeagus are broken and not present in the slide (as seen in Fig.
<figureCitation id="CB2F71EE973798163BFD2D71D2ABCAC8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Armillipora bifida sp. nov. A, C ♂, holotype (LACM ENT 272769); B ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272770); D ♂, paratype (LACM ENT 272771). A. Genitalia, ventral view; B. Epandrial appendages, dorsal view; C. Epandrial appendage, lateral view; D. Aedeagus, ventral view. Abbreviations: acc ten = accessory tenacula; aed = aedeagus; ep ap = epandrial appendage; gn apo = gonocoxal apodeme; gns = gonostylus; ten = tenacula with folded tip. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A – D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1074832">3 D</figureCitation>
). Nonetheless all other characters fit with the description.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>